JPRS ID: 8283 TRANSLATIONS ON USSR RESOURCES

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8
Release Decision: 
RIF
Original Classification: 
U
Document Page Count: 
39
Document Creation Date: 
November 1, 2016
Sequence Number: 
28
Case Number: 
Content Type: 
REPORTS
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8.pdf2.13 MB
Body: 
APPROVE~ FOR RELEASE= 2007/02/08= CIA-R~P82-00850R000100020028-8 20 ; ~ ~ ~ i OF i APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 FOR O~FICIAL USE ONLY JPRS L/8283 20 F~bruary 1979 l~ ~ , - TRANSLATIONS ON USSI~ RESOURCES ~ (FOUO y/79) . U. S. ~OINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE FOR OFFI CIAL USE ONLY - APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/48: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 _ NOTC . JpR5 publicaCinng contain inform~Cion prim~rily ~rom for~ign n~wsp~pers, periodic~Ls and b~oks, bur nlso �rom n~ws ~gency _ eransmiggions ~nd brc~~dc~ses, M~Ceri~ls �rom foreign-l~nguage sources are translgred; ehos~ from ~nglish-l~ngu~ge sources gre transcribed or reprinCed, wirh Che original phrasing and _ aCher chnracreriseics retnined, Headlines, edieorial repnrCs, and maCeri~l enclosed in br~ck~Cs ~ ar~ supplied by JP~t5. processing indicaCors such as [TexCj ~ or ~~xcerpt] in the firaC line of each irem, or following the last line of a brief, indicttte how Che original informaCion was - prncessed. Where no processing indicaCor is given, the infor- maCion was summarized or exCracted. Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are ' enclosed in parenCheses. Words or names preceded by a ques- - Cion mark and enclosed in parentheses were nor clear in the origi:~al bur have been supplied as appropriaCe in conCext. _ OCher unaetribuCed parenrheCical notes within the body of an iCem originate with Che source. Times within iter~s are as given by source. The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli- cies, views or aCtitudes of the U.S. Government. ~ - COPYRIGHT LAWS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING OWNERSHIP OF MATERIALS REPRODUCED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION OF THIS PJBLICATION BE RESTRICTED FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY. APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/48: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 E1IEILIOCRAPHIC DA1'A ~~port Nn. 2 J, Recipient's Aeceseinn No, SHEET Jp~S L/8283 - 'u r an ~u tu e TRANSLATIONS ON US5R R~SOURC~S ~ 5. eporc ate (FOUO 4/79) 20 Februa . 1979 = 6. 7. Author(y) 8. Perfocmin6 Or6~ni:acion liepc. No, j 9, Pet(orming Organi:ation Name and Addte~~ 10. Ptnject/T~sk/Work Unit No. Joint Publicatione Reaearch Service ~ - 1000 North Gl~be Road '~1. ~onet~ct/Gnnt No. _ Arlington~ Virginie 22201 - 12. Sponyoring Otg~ni:~tion N~me ~nd Addtea� 13. Typc oE Report ~ Period - Coveted As above 1S~ Supplementary Notes � ~ _ 16. Abstt~ct~ _ This aerial report containe information on energy, fuels and relaCed equipment; fiahing induatry and marine resources; w~iter reaources, minerals, timber, and electric power. _ 17. Key ~i'ords ~nd Document An~lysi~. 170. Deacriptots i1SSR Natural Resources Electric Power - Energy Energy Conservation . Fisheries _ Fuels Minerals Timber - Water Supply 17b. Idenci(iecs/Open�Ende3 Termr 17e. CO5AT1 Firid/Gtoup SC~ IO~ ZZD~ ZC~ 8G~ ZF 18. ~lvnilability Statement 19.. Security Class ('I'his 21. ~o, ot P~ges FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY. Limited Number of Reporc) 35 Copies Available From JPRS . ecuricy Clas~1s (This 22. Pr~ce Pa6e - FOAM NT11�~7 IR6V� UNCLASSIFIED TH(S FOKM MAY HE REPRODUCED ~scoMM-oc ~~oe:�P~: APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 1~ OI2 OF'F'rC rAL US~ ONLY _ JPRS L/8283 20 ~ebruary ~.9 79 TRANSLATIONS ON USSR R~SOURCES (F~UO 4/79) - ' CONT~NTS PAGE ELEC'.~RIC POWER AND POWER ~QUZPMENT ~ Economic Effectivenesa of Subetitu;ing Liquid Boiler F~el With Coal in Electric Pawer Planta of El~ropean Russ3a - - (L. .i. Yerkina, et al; HIiTNaYA TVERDOGO TOPLNA, No 4, 1978) 1 - Ft1ETS AND REI,ATED EQiTIPMENr Coylaboration Between TATNEFT' and VNIIgr ~ - (A. V. Perov; Btk~1IYE, Jun 78) 8 VNTIBT Contributio.n to Tyumen~ Drilling Practicea (F~ G. Arzhanov; BI~iENIYE, Jun 78) 13 GROZNF,~T~, VNIIBT Collaboration in L~illing Technology (V. V. Petrov; B~ktENIYE, Jun 78) 17 Develop~?en~, Spread of Electric Drilling _ (Ya. A. Gel~fgat, et a1.; BURENIYE, Jun 78) 24 . Ukrainian Coal Induatry Results for Nine Months (UGOL~ UKRAI1vY, Dec 78) 29 - a - (III - USSR - 37 FOUO] FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/48: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~OIt OFFICIAL U5E ONLY ~LECTRIC POWER AND POWER EQUIPMENT ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS 0 G LIQULD BOILER FUEL WITH C~AL IN ~ ELECTRIC POWER PLAATrS OF ~UROPEAN RUSSIA Moscow KHTMIYA TVERDOGO TOPLIVA in Rusaian No 4, ].978, pp 15-19 , [Article by L. I. Yerk;.na, D. Yu. Ibragimov, 0. P. Rirsanova I. P. Krapchin, S. A. Feygin, and T. Ye. Frolova, Institute of Mineral Fuels~f [TexC] The present shortage ,;z energy-producing fuel in the European part of = the USSR'will continue during Che subsequent periods of planning. In order to make up for this shortage, it is necessary to include the Kansk-Achinsk _ coals and the products of their processing into the fuel balance. At the - present time, a conaiderable volume of worK has been done on improving the quality of these varietiea of coal by thermal treatment (semicoking in ~he - units of the Power Engineering Scientific Research Institute imeni G. M. Krzhizhanovakiy (ENIN), thermal treatment in the vortex chambers of the Institute of Mineral Fuels (IGI)). In the firat case, Che main.type of the output product will be semicoke, and in the second�case thermocoal. Semicoke and thermocoal nan be tranaported in railroad cars or by special Cyp~a of transportation and uaed as energy-producing fuel. De�inite successes have been achieved in the improvement of the quality of these rypes of coal by the hydrogenatiqn mQthod. As a result of this, a Ziq- uid low-sulfur boiler fuel suitablc for transporting by railroad and through pipelines will be obtained. In order to determine Che economic effective- . ness of substituting liquid boiler fuel with other Cypes of fuel in the Euro- pean par~ of the USSR, technical and economic indexes of six possible vari- = ants were computed and compared: the first variant envisages the mini�:g of the Kansk-Achinsk coals, production _ of electric energy in the area of their mining, and its transmission to the - European part of the country through a direct-currenC electric power trana- - mission line (I,EP) of 2500 kv and a cryogenic LEP; the second variant envisages the mining of the Ransk-Achinsk coal, its trans- portation by railroad, and production of electric energy in the European parC of the USSR; 1 FOR OFFICIAL USE OP;LY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 F0~ O~FICIAL USE ONLY _ _ ehe third variant envisages the produceion of thermally CreaCed coal (thermo- coxl) aC Che place of mining o� the Kanek-Achinak coal, iCs tranaportation - by railroad and el~rough a pipeline wieh ite subaequent burning aC the elec- _ tri.c power planCe o~ Che European parC of the USSR; rhe foureh vttriAnC envisages rechnological power converaion of the Kanek- Achinak coalsin the area of their mining and traneportation of powdered . - rarred semicoke by railroad and a pipeline Co the European part of Che coun~ try; - Che fifth variant envisagea convereion o� the Kansk-Achinak coal in a hydro- genaeion procesa and ob~aining a syntl~eCi;, boiler fuel and moCor fuels, - = eranaportation o~ the boiler fuel by rai.lroad to Che European parC of Che ` country with ita aubaequenC burning at elecCric power planta; the sixCh variant envisages tranaportaCion of the Western Siberian oil through a pipeline to the European parC of Che country, ita lighC procesaing in order - to obrain motor and boiler fuels, and the burning of liquid boiler fuel at - electric power planCc. ~ Technical and economic indexes for the varianta being compared were calcu- lated on Che basis of fuel supply for a condensaCion electric power plant (KES) of 2400 Mw using its installed capacity for 7000 hours situated either in the mining region of the Kanek-Achinsk coal, or in the European part of the country (conditionally, the city of Ryazan'). The ouCpuC of electric power at a KES of the above capaciCy is 16,800 million - kwh a year, electric power coneumption for the p1anC needs ia 4.17o for plants - operating on Che run-of-mine Kanak-Achinsk coal, 3.24% for plants using thermocoal or semicoke, and 2.7% for plants using peCroleum boiler fuel. _ The producCion of 1 kwh of electric energy requires 330 g of reference fuel. The annual consumption of reference fuel at a RES of the above-menCioned capacity i~ 5,316,000 tona. - Production of Electric Energy at Electric Power Plante Uaing Run-Of-Mine Coal In this case, run-of-mine brown coal with 35% moisture content and a com- bustion heatof 3500 kcal/kg is uaed as fuel. In order to satisfy the needa of a KES, it will be necessary to mine Che coal in the following amounts: - 12.2 million tons (if energ; is tranemitted through an LEP of 2500 kv), 10.9 million tona (if energy is transmitted through a cryogenic LEP), and 11.2 ~ million tons (if the plant is located in Ryazan' and fuel is tranaported by - railroad). In these conditions, the economic indexes of the electric powsr _ plants will be characterizsd by the data given in Table 1. - Production of Electric Energy at ElecCric Power Plants Locat~d in the = European Part of the Country Using Thermocoal or Tarred Semicokel The process of obtaining thermocoal is being developed in IGI, and process - of obtaining aemicoke is being developed in ENIN. 2 _ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/48: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 , FOR OFFICIAL USE ONL1' . - Table 1 Economic Indexes of Electric Power Planta Uaing Run-of~Mine - _ Kanek-Achinek Coal - _ VarianC I Variant II Elecrric Power Transmis Coal Trana- - Indexea aion Line porCed tio Europ- Direct Current, Cryo- ean parC by 2500 kv enic railroad - Toeal capital investments, mil- lion rubles 704.7 549.2 480.3 ~ Including; exCraction of brown coal 144,5 129.2 132.7 ~ransporration of energy or fuel 201.4 99.2 39.1 _ producti,on of energy 314.4 314.4, 302.4 = additional expenses on power ' compensation. 44.4 6.4 6.1 - Toral operation expenaes, mil- _ lion rublea 64.5 48.6 115.6 Including: - extraction of brown coal 13.9 12.4 12.7 a tranaportation of energy or _ fuel 12.7 4.4 72,2 plant expensea 30.8 30.8 29.7 - expensea on power compensa- tion 7.1 1.0 1.0 ~ Thermally treated coal ~thermocoal) is a fuel containing over 5Q% of fine - _ fractions of 0.5 mm in size and lower combustion heat of about h200 kcal/kg. _ The yield of Chermocoal from the feed coal with a working moigture content ~f 35% is 52%. Thermocoal in its natural form can be transported in open _ all-metal freight cars if its surface is covered with a hydromazut film - _ uccording Co Che technology developed at IGI. Semicoke, ~ust as thermocoal, is a f.ine-grained fuel. = _ According to calculations, operating cosre of obtaining thermocoal (withouC ~ ~ the cost of the raw material) are 1.24 rubles/t n.f.2. _ = Through thermal decomposition of the run-of~mine coal with a 32% moisture - content it is poseible to obtain semicoke 31.6; tar 5.2; high BTU gas - 12. The reat is coal duat, gas, and water. The production oF one ton of - semicoke requirea 2.8 rubles of current expenses ~nd 14.3 rublea o� capital inveatmenta. 2 t n, f, tons of natural fuel, 3 _ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/48: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 _ ] � . FOR O~FICIAL USE ONLY - ~able 2 - Economic xttdexes of ElecCric Power Plante Situated in ~he - Euro ean ParC of ~he USSR which Uee Thermocoal or Semicoke Trane ortation Ex enaea _ Indexes Thermocoal Semicoke by by by by ~ railroad i eline railroad~ pipeline Total capiCal investmenes, mil- ` - lion rublea 497.1 532.t3 561.4 591.7 - xncluding: extrac~ion of brown coal and its improvement 19U.6 187.0 256.1 251.4 fuel transportation 19.9 59.2 19.9 54.9 electric power production 285.1 285.1 283.9 293.9 additional expenses on power compensaCion 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.S To~:al operating costa, mi.llion ' ~ � ~ubles 86.4 62.3 97.6 ' 72.4 Including: . exCraction of brown coal and ite improvement 20.6 20.3 32.3 31.9 fuel tranaportation 37.0 13.2 37.0 12.2 " plant expenaea 28.5 28.5 28.0 28.0 = additional expenses on power � = compensation 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 - Table 3 ~ Economic Indexes of Electric Power Plants SiCuated in the European _ Part of the USSR which Uae Li uid S thetic and Petroleum Fuels Electric Power Plants IIain ~ Indexea Liquid Synthetic P~troleum Fuel ~ Boiler Fuel - Total capital inveatmenta, million rubles 1239.7 (1721.1)* 990.5 (1979.0) � - Including: fuel production.End transporta- . - Cion 937.3 (1418.7) 724.1 (~712.6) pioduction of electric power 302.4 (302.4) 266.4 (266.4) _ - Total operating coeta, million rubles 259.4 (320.1) 195.8 (285.9) - Including: ~ fuel producCion and transporta- � tation 226.7 (289.4) 168.7 (258.8) - plant expenees 30.7 (30.7) 27.1 (27.1) - *First figure evaluation of petroleum by average expenaes for the in- duatry; aecond figure evaluation by Che maximum expenses. ~ = FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/48: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 FOR OFFICTAL USE ONLY _ ~ Table 4 ~ Economic Indexee of ElecCric Power P1anCe Uain Varioue T ea of Fuel VaMianra of Electr~Lc Power Indexes ko eck kwh - Production ~apital Reduced - in~estme?tra Costs coste In Siberia, ~raasportad Co - Central Region via a 2500 kV LEP; 4.31 0.40 ~ 0.92 by a cryogenic LEP 3.36 0.30 0.70 On run-of-mine coal trana- porCed to Central Region by railroad 2.94 0.71 1.06 = On thermocoal traneported to Central Region by railroad: 3.04 0.53 U.90 - by pipeline 3.26 0.38 0.77 On semicoke traneported to ~ Central Region by railroad; 3.43 0.60 1.01 ~ by pipeline 3.62 0.44 0.87 - On liquid eyn~hetic fuel trana- ~ porCed Co Central Region - by railroad 7.58 (10.5)* 1.57 (1.95)* 2.48 (3.20)* ~ On petroleum fuel Cranaported to CenCral Region by pipe- - - line 6.06~(12.1) 1.19 (X.75) 1.92 (3.20) - : On Moacow area brown coa]. 4.07 0.72 1.21 *First figure evaluation of petroleum by average expenaea for the in- dustry; second figure evaluation by the maximum expenaes. ~ _ Tiie operation of electric power plants on thermocoal and semicoke instead - of Che run-of-mine brown coal will require aubatantial changes in the en- gineering deaign of the electric energy produc~ion proceas, which will lead ta a reduction in the need of capital inveatmenta in electric power plants. This wi11 be achieved as a result of lower expenses on the defrosting devices, warehousing facilitiea, drying, and dust preparatian. Specific fuel consumptiun will also decrease since the burning of Chermocoal and semicoke requirea less expenses on the evaporation of moisture from the - coal and leas electric energy for Che plant's needs (fuel supply and dust preparation). The economic indexes of electric power plants using thermocoal ~nd tarred - semicoke delivered tn the European part of the cauntry by railroad or a - pipeline are shown in Table 2. Producti~n of Electric Energy at Electric Power Plants Using Synthetic or _ Petroleum Boiler Fuels FOR OFFIC7AL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/48: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY The bulk of the synthetic boilec fuel obtained afCer Che hydrogenation con- ' version of the brnwn coal of the Kanak-Achinak basin in combination with the ~ Western Siberian oil aC a raCia of 3.6;1 can be uaed aC thermal eleatric ~ power planCs. Srudiea have ahawn Chat combi.ned processing of brown coal and _ - oil c~n yield gasoline AI-93 4.1; dieael fuel 9.0, and low-sulfur boiler fuel 25.0. The combueCion heat of synCheeic boiler fuel ia " 9000 kcal/kg. In order Co enaure fuel for a RES of 2400 Mw, 4,245,000 Cona of such fuel will be required. For this it will be neceaAary to build a plant in the coal mining area with a capaciCy of 16.9 million Cona of Che _ total raw maeerials (13.2 million tons of coal and 3.7 million tons oE oil). - _ ,According Co calculations, the production coste of one ton of aynthetic boiler fuel (including Che mining coaCa) will be (rubles): capital 217.8 and 334.6; operating 4.9 ~nd 61.13. It is assumed that the KES wi.ll also use boiler fuel obtPined ar a peCroleum-procesaing plant (NPZ) as a result ~ of light processin,g of the Weatern Siberian oil. The combuation heaC of Che ~ boiler oil is 9500 kcal/kg, The electric power p1anC will require 3,881,000 - - ~ons a year. ThE~ capacity of tY~e NPZ was aet at 8.6 million tona for or- - dinary petroleum. The specific production cosCa of boilex fuel at the NPZ were ueterminsd as follows: capLCal 162.9 and 417.6 rubles, operating - 40.9 and 64.1 rublesft n.f. The econnmic indexes of elecCric power plants using Che typea of fuel deacribed adove are ahown in Table 3. The resulCs given below make it poasible Co estabiiah the comparative effec- tiveness of the variants examined above4 and to conclude on thia basis whether or not they are promising. The common criterion for Che evaluation oF the variante are the calculated costs af'1 kwh of the delivered elec,tric ~ = energy. _ The results of the calculaCions are shown in Table 4. The analysis of the daCa given in Table 4 made it possible to make Che fol- ~ lowing conclusions. 1. Among Che examined variants of the usz of the brown coals.of the Kansk- ~ Achinsk basin, the most economical variant was the one providing for the - construction of a KES in the coal mining region and the tranamiesion of elec- _ tric energy to the European part of the country through a cryog~nic LEP. _ - 2. The comparison of the vaxiants of the production of electric energy on the basis of improved Kansk-Achinak coals has shown Chat the most favorable results will be yielded by the production of electric energy with the use - of thermocoaY (calculated coats were 0.77-0.90 kopeck/kwh and llqo lower in comparison with semicoke). Pipeline transportation will lower the calculated _ produc~tion cost of 1 kwh of delivered energy by 14% in comparison with rail- road transportation. - 3 The fir~t figure gives the evaluation of oil by average costs of the in- - dusrry, the second figure is Che evaluation by the expenditures of the = poorest fields. 4 Data for an electric power plant assumed to be using Moacow area coal are . given for comparison. 6 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY _ APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/48: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 FOR OFFTCIAL USE ONLY _ 3. The uae of the Moecow area coal is leas economical in comparison wiCh thermocoal, gemicoke, and ehe run-o~-mine Kansk~Achinak coal. 4. The comparison of ~he varianta of the production o~ elecCric energy on - _ th~ baeie of synChetic and petroleum fuel ahowed the �ollowing. When petro- leum is evaluated by Che average cosea ot the indusCry, iC ia more economi- - cal to use petroleum fuel (calculated cosCa are 23% lower). When evaluaeing - petroleum by the maximum cost~, the electric power plants which are being compar~d will be idenCically economical (3.20 kopecks/kwh). _ 5. Considering the shortage of energy-producing fuel in the European part of the country and the limiCed peCroleum fuel resources, the improvement of _ the Kansk-Achinak coals by the hydrogenation procesaing method ~for Che pur- pose of obtaining liquid boiler fuel should be conaidered very promiaing. _ = COPYRIGI~T; Tzdat~l'stvo "Nauka," "Khimiya Tverdogo Topliva," 1978 ~ - 10,233 , CSO: 8144/062~+ . , - 7 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/48: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY , FUELS AND RELATED EQUIPMENT UDC: 622.24.08 . COLLABORATION BETWEEN TATNEFT' AND VNIIBT - Moscow BURENIYE in Russian No 6, Jun 78 pp 3-5 - [Article by A. V. Perov (Tatneft' impni V. D. Shashin): "Fruitful Collabor- - ation"] [Text] The decisions of the 25th CPSU Congress assigned the country's drillers the task of shortening the construction time of petroleum and gas - wells by 25 to 30 percent in the lOth Five-Year Plan. In the first two years of the five-year plan, Tatneft' [Tatar Petroleum Production Association] shortened the construction time of operational wells - by 19.5 percent; this was achieved largely by shortening the well assimila- tion time. . _ A certain rise in time outlays has been noted in the drilling stage, due primarily to the fact that Tataria's drillers are carrying out this task - under more complicated mining-geological conditions of well drilling as a result of increased vaiumes of drilling in older areas having higher forma- - tion pressurss not only in Devonian but also Csrboniferous productive de- posits~ _ Drilling there is being carried out from drilling platforms built earlier, and for this reason all of the wells are controlled-directional, with the - bottom-holes devi.ating up to SOa meters from the vertical. The rise in the volume oE controlled-directional drilling and the resulting increase in - time outlays necessary for additional work are lengthening the well con- struction times.~ Hence the necessity of developing the equipment and tech- nology for the drilling of controlled-directional wells with high technical- ~ economic indicators. _ In the opening of productive horizons, use is made of loaded muds of up to 1.7 g/cm3 density. First of all, this reduces the bit performance density indicators; secondly, it requires more reliable insulation of the absorption - zones. Outlays of timQ and rescurces to combat absorption go up not only _ because of the additional work necessary to increase the reliability of: the - well shaft but also because of the increased number of absorption zones to be insulated. - II _ FOR OFFICIAI. USE c~NLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 _ ~ok o~~rcinL us~ ort~Y _ 'I'~taria's fi~ldg ~r~ muleig~r~t~l. In th~ p~nC@5g oE rheir ~xploie~tinn usin~ pc~rimpnG~r ~nd contour flooding, fnrm~eldn pr~~gur~s in the oil- - beuring grr~C~ hav~ une rigen uni�ormly. At preg~ne, the dif~pr~nc~ beCwe~n ' formation pregsura.s in water and oil bearing sCr~ta ran~es up Co 80 kgf/cmZ. , Wh~re dis~~tte~s betw~e?i strne~ nre ~mall, el~c problem of separa- _ - nting th~�m is quit~ ~omplex. . Ae pr~s~ne, low-yield, eme11 oil depnsits confin~d to Carboniferous depn~'~s ~ ~re b~ing p~t intn produc:tinn in order eo m~ineatn a high nutpuC 1evp1. 'Che ' qualiry df ~xploiCntion of Ch~se d~posie~ is largely d~eermin~d by the meehod and conditiong af gtr~tum opening. In order tn incrense the volume of explnred oil reserves, drillers have be~n _ ~ssignpd the ~ob.of detecting deposi,ts in the upper horizons in Che procesa df exploitetion drilling. Their tasks include the removal of larger-di~mgt~r cnres, teseing nf the strata during the drilling process by means of forma~ Ci~yn tese~rs inserted in tf~e pipes, and oeher addition~l studies. 'Chis is by no meana a complete list of the problEme that musC be resolved in order eo c~rry out the taska successfully. ~ ~ ~ As is well known, increasing labor productivity in any sector of industry largely depends on technical progress. The giant leap in,the rising drill~ ing rates during the yegrs of Tataria's oil development is due Co the con- ~ stnnt nnd systematic adoption of advanced equipment, progressive technology, and organization of drilling operations (the introduction of the turbine drilling method, the use of industrial water for well flushing, conversion eo small-diameter bit drilling, Che introduction of an array of 214-milli- ' meter diameter bits, the adoption of industrial methods of rig construction, ~nd so on). The assimilation of new equipment nnd technology is a complex matter requir- ing a serious and well-considered approach. It is very important to unite the eEforts of the scientific-research and production organizations. This largely determines the amount of time necessary to incorporate the results of sciencific-research and design efforts in production. As ~ positive example, we may cite the constant close collaboration between 'Catneft' and VNIIBT [All-Union Order of Labor Red Banner Scientific-Research Institute of Drilling Technology]. The association's many successes are the fruit of this collaboration. Tatneft' maintains routine and close ties with practically all divisions _ and l~boratories of VNIIBT. Together they discuss production problems and t}~e Eindings of scientific-research and design work; they draw up programs Eor testing experimental models and adopting series machinery. Tatneft' is a huge, complex testing ground for VNIIBT. It is the association's op~rations which determine the performance and effectiveness of the use of many of VNIIHT's designs, which are then put into production. 9 ~OR OFFICIAI. (SSE OISLY . ~ . . � t : - APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 - ~OI~ O~~ICTAL US~ ONLY At prpB~nt, ~11 of eh~ cnunery'~ ail r~giong ~re malting ~xe~n~iv~ ug~ of turbin~ whipstd~k~, g~~Cion~l gpindl~ turbndrill~, ~nd varinug lnw-gpp~d bottdm-hole ~nginee, whas~ d~~igns w~r~ per~E�ce~d during Che drilling of w~llg in the fields of Tataria. In th~ ~ourge of coll~bor~einn, g~v~r~1 unifi~d cre~tiv~ groupg h~v~ b~en Eormed, made up of p~rs~nn~l from VNIIBT including A. A. Agan-Nuri~ A~ G. Kalinin, M. T. Gusman, R. A. Ingnn~sy~n, Yu. S. Vag?1'y~v, M. Kurochkin, N. M. K~g'~?gnov, I. Kuzn~tsnva, and or.her~. buring digcuggions of in- divid~al probl~ms, new ideas ~nd nriginal golutions come ineo b~ing, which - = lae~r serve ~s th~ b~sis Eor ehe dev~lopmpnt of n~w d~signs ~nd th~ working ~ut df new teChnoingy. , Several years ago, Eor example, Yu. S. Vasil'yev~s laborarory recommended r~gulating the dynamic load on ehe bit by using wave RBK'a Cdrilling string - sepsraCorg~. Experience in drilling wiCh RBK'~ has confirmed th~ us~ful- ness oE regulating dynamic lo~d. But the low rel.iabiliey of th~ Et~K~s _ mgde it impoasible to us~ Chem wid~ly. The idea c~me up of using a KgK Ccambined drilling string~, cdnsisting of steel and low-~lloy drill pipes, - instead oE the RBK. At presenC, K8K's ~re being extensively used noC only in 'CaCneft' but also in oCher oil regions, far example, permskaya Oblast - and Western Siberia. In Tutneft' alone this makes it possible to save more - than 2,000 bits per year. The efforts of the unified creative groups have resulted in the development ~ oE ~ spindle whipstock and an automatic whipstock guide an the borehole _ bottom. At present, work is underway on the development of nipple inter- sectional stabilizers, also conical radial supportg; the introduction of tl~ese will boost effectiveness and increase the range of application of series-produced spindle turbodrills. - An excellent example of close creative collaboration with VNIIBT is the - plan of experimental work in Tatneft' areas to seek out ways to improve the technical and economic indicators of drilling operations, to shorten - the well construction time. Plans call for using the experimental find- ings to introduce all of the necessary correctives in the equipment, techno- logy, and organization of drilling operations. Implementation of the experimental findings will help to shorten the well construction times in 'Iataria to the ptanned level in 1980. - i.et u, discuss briefly the implementation of the joint experimental project plr~n. ' As ts well known, labor productivity in drilling largely depends on the in- dicators of bit performance, and so the association is focusing considerable atttntion on this problem. Ftesearchers are collaborating with VNIIBT on field s[udies to determine the optimal parameters of drilling operations. _ ~ Tt~ese studies have made ic possible to determine the rotation speeds and axi,~l loads on the bit making it possible to double the amount of drilling serics-produced bits can do. - 10 FOR OFFICIAI. L'SE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 _ ~O~t O~~ICIAI, U5C nNLY VNIiI3`~ ha~ d~velnp~d l~w-~p~ec~ n2-1721M, '1'ItM-195, 3TS~h1-1~5 bnttom-hole engines design~d Cn m~int~in sp~ciEi~d drilling op~r~tion gp~ci~ic~eiang. Exprri~nc~ hag ~hown th~e wh~n eh~ bie~ ar~ outfitt~d wieh helic~l bottnm- ` - hol~ ~n~in~~ end g~arpd eurbodrill~, rh~ ~moune of drilling per bie doubl~~. Kecently~ vNii~3~ has dpsigned Eundamentally new bits with oil-~illed nupport-- - 5}i-215.gMZCNU, Sh-215.9S2NNU, Sh-215~9'TKZCNU, end Sh-215.9KGNU. In well dritling nppr~tiong in '~gegrig in 1976, 36 bits oUCfiCted with h~lical - - ~nginps wer~ used. In 43b hours nf inenhenic~l drilling eh~y nompleeed 6,~28 m~terg. Compared wieh g~ri~~~producpd bies ugpd in combin~eion wiCh h~lical bnttnm-hol~ ~ngin~~, the amount of drilling per experimentgl bic was 2.4 CimeS lnnger; th~ m~ch~nical drilling spe~d w~g 1.16 Cim~~ grp~tpr, ~nd thp rnund-trip spe~d w~g 69 perc~nt gr~~tpr, In 1977, the a~s~oci~eion's enter- prises received and work-t~sted more Chnn 100 bits with oil-filled hermetic~lly- - se~led support, m~nufactur~d noC only by VNIIBT plants but ~lso by the Kuyby~h~v BiC plant. In 1978 th~ a~soci~Cion plans to adopt about 1,600 oE' the~e highly-effieient bitg, and in 19~0 it will Convert entirely Co these bits. Undoubtedly, compiete conv~rsion to drilling with AN serieg biCs will m~ke iC possible Co subgtantially increase Che speed of well drilling and the effecCiven~ss nE drilling operations in TaCnefe'. - Very useful joint work has been done to determine the feasibility and the range of applicatian af bits ou~fitCed wlth gynthetic diamonda. It hes been f~und that when drilling below the Carbonif~rous horizon the best in- . dicators have been achieved throngh the use of MKTSI-212S6 bit9. The mechar~ical apeed in this case is almost double the speed in the cases of . using ISM type bits. ~specially effective when using MKTSI-212S6 bits is . tl~c practice of drilling at intervals of 1,100 to 1,700 meters, flushing by means of loaded clay mud. The number of series-produced three-cone bits needcd per well has been reduced by 30, ~nd the time nec~gsary to drill one , well has been shortened by four full days. T~ese bits can be used to drill wells utilizing devices to carry out lowering and raising operations and - for drilling under conditions of intensive water seepage. When such wells are drilled using series-produced cone bits, aftei two hours of inechanical drilling or 30 to 35 meters of completed drilling t!~e workers have had to carry out r.he lowering and hoistings operations while beit~g "showered" by Eormation water. The use oE bits outfitted with synthetic diamonds prevents - this, improves working conditions, and boosts productivity. Further increasing the volume of drilling by means of these highly-effective bits .s being hindered by the lack of more powerful and reliable drilling pumps. 'Ihe above is by no means everything that has been done in recent years. En- _ couraging results have been achieved, for example, in drilling accompanied ~ by flushing the borehole bottom with aerated fluid. Positive results have been achieved by the adoption oE differentiated specifications--increasing ~ the power transmitted to the bit as it wears down. In tt~e process oE well drilling, the association's workers insulate three thousand absorption zones every year, expending about 75,000 hours of calendar time to combat them. 11 FOR OFFICIAL L'SE Oh'LY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~OR O~~YCIAL USE ONLY Conxidcr~bl~ diEficultieg i~rige in eh~ ingulneian oE zoneg of ine~n~iv~ nbwnrptl~n~ nvrrnll, Cl~n qunntlty oC CnmpltC~tinng ig not larg~~-nnt mnre than ~ix pc~rCCnt, whlle rime nuelayg tn ingulate ehem in Ch~ ov~r~11 b~l- anCe of time outl~ys necesg~ry to aombat complic~eions run ~g high ~s 3n - percant. 'Ch~ associ~eion lins ~lso ~ccomplish~d cansidereble success in this r~g~rd. 'Chug, exc~llent r~gults hgve beet~ achieved thrau~h the uge nF e plugging mix wiCh high wet~r-yield, develop~d by the unifi~d ar~~tive group nf T~tneft' ~nd VNII~T. In 1977 this mix wg~ us~d to insulaC~ more Chan 30 intens~ve ebsorpCion zon~s. _ The asso~i~tion h~~ cnllabor~t~d wieh rhe VNIIBT on suCCess~ul effores tn improve th~ quality of th~ up~ning o~ producCiv~ strgCg and the ~rell cesing. A special uniC has been bui1C to prep~re invert-emulsion muds~ ~nd their eEfectiv~nesa ~nd range of applin~tion has been det~rmined. - Summ~rizing the overall resulCg, we may say Chat the jointly-conduce~d experimene h~s been 9UCC@g8fU1. But e critic~l segge looma ahead--th~ m~s- - sive introducCion of disCOVered reserves. Let us hope that VNIIBT will provide the necessary aid to the association in Che series assimilaeion of nll the highly-effective equipment developed by the institute. COPYEtIGH'T: Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy institut organizgtsii, - upravleniy~ i ekonomiki neft~gazovoy promyshlennosti (VNIIOENC), 1978 6854 ~ CSO: 1822 12 ~ FOR OFFICIA[. USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~ FOR O~~ICIAL US~ ONLY ~U~LS ANU ttELAT~D ~QUIPM~NT UbC: 622.24.08.622.243.23 VNIInT CONTRIBUTION TO TYUMEN' DItILLING PItACTICE5 Efosco~o BUttENIYE in Rusaian No 6, Jun 78 pp 6-8 - CArticle by G. Arzhanov (Glavtyumenne�tegaz): "VNIIBT's ConCriuution " to the b~velopment of Western Siberia's Oil and Gas ~ields"] CT~xt~ Close and exCensive collaboration between the drillers.of Ty~men' - nnd tl~e scientiaCs of VNIIBT [All-Union Order of Labor Ited Banner Scientific- Etesearch Institute of Drilling Teahnology] began with the develo,~ment of Western 5iberia's oil fields. 'The first task that had to be resolved was that of substan~ially improving the equipment attd technology of drilling controlled-directional wells, which had to serve as the basis for the devel- opment and introduction of cluster drilling. Unless this task were resolved, . it would be impossible to hope for the rapid and successful development of ` the new oil region. - ~ Under the difficult climatic conditions that are typical of Western Siberin, where vast areas are covered by swamps and lakes and are ~requently flooded by river runoff, cluster well drilling and exploitation represents if not - che only possibl2 then at least undoubtedly the most economical and rational method. dne of the most important advantages of cluster drilling under such conditions is the possibility of eliminating the seasonality of drilling operations, thus making it posaible to substantially shorten oil field dev- elopment time and enhance the effectiveness of capital irrreatments according- ly. . However, the first attempts to drill controlled-directional wells there in- volvecfsubstantial difficulties, chiefly due to the lack of the necessary equipment und technology. In order to resolve the problem of extensively - adopting cluster drilling in Western Siberia as quickly and efficiently as possible, esseneial organizational measures were promptly taken in VNIIBT. Thus, a controlled-directional well drilling laboratory was set up and manned with highly-qualified specialists; in effect, it became the center of scientific-research and design work in this domain. Since that time, the drillers of Western 5iberia have shared all their , success with the collective of VNIIBT, which has developed, tested, proved, and successfully adopted reliable technical devices for the massive drilling - ~3 ~ FOR OFFICIAI, iiSE OI3LY , , . � APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~OR OF~ICIAL US~ UNLY aE controlled-dir~ctionel well~. Th~ su~n~~s h~g come ~bout due to eh~ cl~~~ cooper~Cinn betw~en ingCiCUt~ gC~E11t~gCg ~nd Siberi~n drillerm gnd eh~ir integratpd gppro~Ch eo the resolurion o~ thig problem: in ~ddition co de- signing models of n~w equipmene (turbine whipgtockg, laynuts wiCh calibra- tors, atabiliz~rs nf the S'PK typ~, rhp STT~164 telemetry sy~eem), impr~vem~nts hav~ be~n made in procedur~s of d~signing the profiles of controlled- direcCion~l wells, tt~e driiiing technology, Che C~chnology oE making ~nd conerolling the quality of Ch~ drilling muds, and methods and meens of c~ntrolling Che d~viation parameCers. All of eh~~~ me~s~~rps have brnughe it ~bdut that cluseer drilling has been Complet~ly mase~red ~nd is being used ext~nsively in WesCern Siberi~. b~spite consid~r~ble deviatinns from ~ the verCical (2,000 metera or more), ~nd wiCh producCive straCa lying ae 2,2n0 to 2,400 meters, the cost of drilling controlli~d-dirgctional wells has now approached that of drilling verticgl wells. At present, Ch~ t~chnical means and technology of drilling controlled~ direction~l wells developed by VNIIBT in collaboration wieh SibNIYNp CSiberian branch of ehe Seientific-Research Institute of Peeroleum Industry~ and the - ~ drilling Enter rises of Glavtyumenneftegaz [Main Tyumen' Petroleum and Cas Administration~, are the most sophigticated in our country and have pract- - ically no equals. A major and perhaps crucial factor in the succeseful and really extensive adoption of cluster drilling in Siberia's oil fields has been the fact Chat VNI19T has not only developed but also organized, in its own plants, Che manufacture of special equipmenC and drilling tools necessary in all stages oE drilling, including items not relating to the institute's profile, end supplied them to the drilling enterprises in the neceasary quantities. For example, in ord~r to conduct drilling operations under conditions of hi~h pressure differential on Che bit, the institute had its own experimental plant organize tl~e production of high-quality pistons, gaskets, cylinder bushi*~gs for the drilling pumps, and also bit nozzles. _ Before proceeding to other aspects of collaboration between Western Siberia's drillers and the VNIIBT collective, mention should be made of a basic fea- ture of this collaboration, one which defines Che whole style of the i.~- stitute's work with production enterprises: when addressing a task, the institute as a rule does not ask bur gives. This principle of collaboration, in which the institute supports all links of the chain, starting with the idea, its theoretical and experimental study, the designing and stand test- - ing of experimental models of equipment, and ending with the manufacture of the first experimental-industriat batches and subsequent work-testing under conditions of production, is, in our opinion, the most rational. This - is backed up by the many years of practical collaboration between VNIIBT and Clavtyumenneftegaz. This principle of collaboration has become possible tt~anks to the fact that the insCitute has been working diligently and pur- posefully for many years on the creation of the necessary production-technical b~~se . - Now the institute has well-equipped laboratories, a large test-stand complex, _ and an experimental provin/S ground. VNIIBT includes two machine-building 14 FOR OFFICIAL L'SE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 - ~Ott O~~ICIAL US~ ONLY ptant~ ~nd ~ branch in perm', which ~lsd has ~ m~chin~-building base and . - a tese-gt~nd f~cility. A subgtanti~l conCribuCion to atrengthening Ci~s ~ beCwe~n VNIIgT ~nd production and accelerating Ch~ ttdopCion of n~w ~pplica- - tion~ is b~ing mnde Uy new ~quipmene and t~chnology teating divisions which th~ ingCiCure hgs in nin~ b~sic oil-producing regions. In summarizing Ch~ r~aults of th~ work of VNIIBT in colLaborgeion wieh ene~r- prises of Glavtyumennefteg~z wieh rpggrd to the gdoption ~nd improvpm~nC nf - Controlled-dir~cCiongl drilling, we may staCe thaC aC pr~sent 95 percenC n~ ehe dper~eing wells in Tyumen' are being drilled in cluseers. ~Cluseers of � five to rwelve wells or mor~ constitute production-technical facilities in which drilling ~nd oil producrion arr_ carried out without seasnnnl interrup- tions. Anoth~r important problem being resdlvpd with rhe active participaCion of _ VNYI$'C i~ th~t of incr~asing ehp gmoune of drilling per bit. The fact that - during the 9eh ~ive-Y~ar Pl~n the amount of.drilling per bit within Glgv- tyumenneftegaz rose by 75.5 percenC represenCS a substantial contribution by the insrituCe, which took account of the specific nature of the geological _ profile of Western Siberia's oil fields in designing Che LV-215.9MZG bit. 'fhis made it possible to drill wells of 1,800 meters in the SamoClor field with just two bits,and wells of 2,400 meters using ,just �our; this was preceded by the drilling of wells with hydraulic-monitor biCs at high pres- sure (220 to 250 kgf/cm2. At present, the planned volume of such drilling iy 500,000 meters per yedr. In order to comprehensively study the effect of mud pressure on. drilling efEectiveness, the insCitute has set up a unique test-stand complex. To get an idea of the scale of the work, it is sufficient to note that a spe- cial b~ilding had to be built to accommodate the complex. The institute is doing a great deal of work in Glavtyumenneftegaz to perfect turbine drilling equipment. It has proposed and delivered to the drilling enterprises low-speed spind~.e tu~bodrills of the 3TSSh-195TL type with precision-cast turbines, which can be replaced by plastic turbines when necessary. - 'che complex is also testing new types of turbodrills in order to further - ' enhance the effectiveness of drilling operations. As is well known, successful exploitation of oil and gas fields, also the ytclds and service liEe of the wells, to a large extent depends on the reliable segregation of oil, gas, and water bearing strata. Since 1971 the institute has been working to enhance the quality of well cementing by means of hydraulic packers. All of the institute's applications in this domain have been tested in Western Siberia--at the Samotlor, Var'yegan, - Mikhnayskoye, Western Surgut, and other fields. tlydraulic drilling packers of the PPG type for installation outside the = string have been adopten; and at present work is underway on the adoption of more sophisticated hydraulic packers of the PGP type. 15 FOR OFrICIAL USE Ob'LY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 I FOR OFFICIAL US~ ONLY - Acceptance Cests h~v~ been completed on conrain~r packers nf Che pK eype - and packers of thn PGB type Eor rhe hermeCic se~ling of ehe caging ghoe. ny nnw, abouC 300 pnckers h~ve b~en uspd in Glavtyumennefteggz. In order to meet demdnd for this type of item, the inaCiCUCe has expended consider~bl~ ~ffore on speeding up the praceical production ~f rubber gaskete for pnckers - ~t ehp K~z~n~ Industrial Rubber Goods p1~nC, al:o eha praduceion of shells and meCgl components of p~ckers gnd the Kalush Ne�teburm; hremont Cpetroleum Lrtlling Machinery Itepair Pl~nt~. VNIIBT is also manufar~uring e.xperiment~l = btttches at its own.plane in Kotovo. , An annlysis of the results of operating wells equipped wiCh packers desigt~ed Eor i.nstallation inside the cnsing in Glavtyumenneftegaz fields has confirmed the high effectiveness of using these p~ckers, because they eliminate the � r~eg~Cive inEluence of Che plugging mud on Che properCies of the productive - serata and increase well yields and extend the service life. The economic eEEect due to the use of one packer exceeds 12,000 rubles per year. : New and complex tasks face the drillers in the lOth ~ive-Year Plan. One ot the most important tasks involving the aceive participar,ion of ~ ' VNIillT scientists is the development of an automated complex �or the drill- ing oE controlled-directional wells using bottom-hole engines. This work - is coming to b~ of increasing importance, considering the fact that already it t~kes two bits to drill a well at Samotlor, and in the future it will take one bit. In order to do this it will be necessary to drill the well along the projected trajectory without lifting r.he tool and inserring the mcasuring apparatus to determine the bottom coordinates in order to further correct the direction of the borehole. - Another very important task is that of resolving a complex of problems with - regard to perfecting the technology of opening productive strata at the Salmyskoye Field under complex geological conditions. Work is already under- way on the selection of special drilling muds, the development of bottom - engines ([urbodrills and volume engines), and assured possibility of main- taining balance between formation and hydrodynamic pressures. During the 9th Five-Year Plan, the commercial drilling speed in Glavtyumen- neftegaz rose by 27.5 percent. In the current five-year plan, this indicator - will continue to rise. The volume of drilling operations, which almost tripled during the 9th Five-Year Plan, will also rise. - Further progress in drilling in Western Siberia is impossible without con- stant modernization of [he equipment and improved technology--that is, with- out the adoption of new scientific advances. Successful and fruitful collaborati.on between science and production, an excellent example of which is tl~e many years of joint efforts by Glavtyumenneftegaz and VNIIBT, is the gunrantee of successful implementation of the crucial tasks assigned to the drtllers by the decisions of the 25th CPSU C~ngress. COPYRIGHT: Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy insti[ut organixatsii, upravleniya i ekonomiki neftegazovoy promyshlennosti (VNIIOENG), 1978 16 6a54 FOR OFFICIAL t!SE OI3LY cso: ~8z2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~OFt O~FICIAL US~ ONLY H'UEL AND R~LAmCn EQUIPMENT UDC: 622.24.08: 622.241.6 - GRUZNEFT', VNIIIiT COLLABORATION IN DRILLING T~CIiNOLOGY - Moscow BURENIYE in Russian No 6, Jun 78 pp 8-11 [Article by V: V. Petrov (Grozneft'): "Collabaration Berween Science and _ Production on the Way to MasCering Great Depths"] - [Text] Grozneft' [Groznyy Petroleum Production Association] f~ one of the oldest in the Soviet Union. Probably many drillers have hesrd of the com- plex conditions of drilling wells in thaC area. Practically all types of = complications that can arise in drilling are encounCered there (mud absorp- tion, caving, borehole narrowing, seepage, and so on). SCeeply-sloping strata with dip angles of 20 to 80 degrees, the alternation of zones of abnormally-high (AVPD) and abnormally-low (ANPD) formation pres- sures, and high bottom temperatures sometimes running as high as 160 to 230 - degrees C at pro~ected depths, considerably complicate the dri.lling - process as well as the prevention and elimination of complications that arise. In recent years, chiefly deep wells have been drilled in areas of Grozneft'. It ,is sufficient to note that of 76 drilling crews operating in the associa- tion, 63 are drilling wells with projected depths of more than 4,500 meters. The maximum depth so far--7,501 meters--was reached in the drilling of - well No 1 (Burunnaya). . Al1 of the wells have multi-string construction providing for the insertion of five or six casing strings. - ~ ; The drilling of deep wells is a complicated process which requires the ~ - handling of many problems. Naturally, these problems cannot be resolved without the undertaking of scientific research and experiments on the basis of the abundant production experience of leading collectives and crews. EEEorts along these lines are underway in a number of scientific-research institutes. . Let us focus on the results of collaboration between VNIIBT [All-Union Order of Labor Red Banner Scientific-Research Institute of Drilling Technology] and Grozneft' in the domain of deep-well drilling. 17 FOR OFFICI~II. USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~ I FOR OFFICIAL US~ ONLY - F~ In connection with thc~ m~ssive conversion to deep-well drilling, the asso- ciation's collective faced the Cask of ir~creasing commercial drilling speeds and sinking boreholes to th~ pro,jecred depths. To do this, they _ enlisted the help of VNIIBT. = A11 of the work was carried out tn close aontact between Grozneft', VNIIBT, - - ~nd 5evkavNlPlneft' [North Cauc~sus Scientific-Research and Planning = Lnstitute of Petrol~um]. Together they carried out a profound analysis of - the stntus of ehe equipment and technology o~ drilling operations in that region and fo~nd a number of basic probl~ms which had ea be resolved: 1. The formulaCion of ineasures to prevent borehole deviation at all inter- vals, especially when drilling borehole segments of 39~~, 190, ~nd 140 millimeters diameter. - 2. The development of a highly-productive rock-breaking tool in order to substantially increase the amount of drilling per ram. - 3. Development of the technology and technical means for drilling with regulation of the pressure differenrial in the well-strata svstem under - conditions of AVPD and ANPD. ~ 4. Development of the technical means to make it possible to optimalize drilli~;g specifications using cone bits of new design and bits in series ~ production. ~ ~ 5. Development of the technical means making it possible to improve rhe quality of the cementing of casing strings under conditions of small - annular clearances (six to eight millimeters). _ ~ In order to find the mosC effective technical means to prevent well devia- tion, Grozneft' collaborated with VNIIBT and SevkavNlPlneft' to draw up a program of pro,jects to test this equipment. The program included layouts of the drill string bottom designed by VNIIBT, including.RTB's [jet-turbo , drills], TVK-240 turbodrills with rotating body, pilot reamers of the RDU and ItOP type in combination with high-torque A9GT, A9GTSh, and TVK-240 turbodrills, and also a number of layouts for rotary drilling. As a r~.ult of these efforts, the optimal ranges of application were found Eor the technical means and methods of drilling, making it possible to drill - borel~oles of 394 millimeters diameter down to depths of 3,000 to 3,300 meters under complicated geological conditions with dip angles of up to 80 - _ degrees. The technical-economic indicators achieved in adopting these technical means and methods of drilling make it possible to assert that the task of preventing deviation of the borehole under the first 324-millimeter intermediate string hns been practically resolved. Solutions have also been found for problems of preventing pipe abrasion as a result of bends, failure of the strings to _ reach the projected depth, and so on. 18 - FOR OFFICIAL, USE ONLY _ APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 _ FOR O~FICIAL USE ONLY - I3eewe~n F'ebruary 1974 ~nd Or,tober 1g75, Che ~ssociation's drilling enCer- pris~y were o~ll outfitted with high-torque sectionai turbodrills and ~ee- _ turbine drills of rhe latesr design. . IC is no less important to ma3ntain borehole ver~icaliCy when drilling in CreCuceous and Jurnssic deposits wirh biCs of 140 and 190 millimeters. The geological-technical conditions are such that in some c~ses borehole devia- tion ranged as l~i~h as 35 eo 40 degrees, and the rate of inc,rease in zenieh _ - angle ranged beCween 8 and 10 degrees per 100 meters. Drilling under such conditions was complica~ed by Che formation of grooves in the walls of the wells, resulting in lagging and ~amming of the drill eool. ' , � - In order to prevenC deviation, the load on the bit was reduced ro 3-4 ~f for wells of 140 millimeters diameter and 5-6 tf for wells of 190 diameters, but of course, these loads were not optiinal. VNIIDT developed and, in collaboration wlth the~association, tested under ` industrial conditions a technology of rotary drilling using biCS of 140 and - 1$0-190.5 millimeters diameCer with on-bit stabilizing devices of Che NSU rype. On the basis of experimeneal drilling it was found that in compliance ~ _ with this technology the load on a conical bit could be increased by 2 to _ 2.5 times compared with the load created on biCs during drilling without tk~e use of NSU's, keeping the intensiveness of deviation of the bo~ehole within the allowable limits and at the same~time approximately doubling the amount of drilling per'bit and the mechanical drilling speed. - The rotary drilling technology, using NSU's, was recommended for adoption. - Tlic multi-string structure of the wells and the presence of rocks differing sharply in hardness made it necessary to use a large array of bits in well - drilling. It is sufficient to note that the diameter of boreholes ranges _ between 490 and 105 millimeters, and the bit type ranges be~tween M and T. - As is well known, the proper selection of bits substantially speeds up the - drilling of deep wells and makes them cheaper; for this reason, much atten- tion has been focused on testing new bits in recent times. In collaboration with VNIIBT and SevkavNlPlneft', the association tested more than 15 type-sizes of new bits of series AN and AV between 1975 and � 1977. During the testing of al�1 the bits, the amount of drilling per bit, mechanical drilling speeds, and durability were increased by 25 to 220 per- cent compared with series-produced bits. Within Grozneft', the volume of drilling by means of loaded muds comes to 70 to 72 percent of the total. The solid phase content in these muds ran(;es between SO and 60 percent, sometimes reaching 80 percent. Most advantageous under such conditions is the use of cone bits of the 2AN and 3AN series having hermetically-sealed oil-filled support with slide bearings. 3AN-i90.5MZC bits were tested in the drilling of Yastrebinaya Well No 106 and Andreyevskaya Well No 1007 in Lower Maykop deposits. In the drilling 19 - FOR OfiFICIAL L'SE ONLY - APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 _ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY of wcll No 106 beCween 4,560 and 4,942 meGers, the amount of drilling per � - 3AN biC exceeded that of the lAN bit t?y 4.5 times while increasing ehe - - durability of the suppor~ by 2.9 times. In the drilling of well No. 1007, Elushed by means of mud with a density of 1.98 g/cm3 ~h~ ~ inCerval 5,A55 rhrough 5,120 meters was completed by one 3AN bit in 54 ! hours. The amount of drilling with a Romanian-made bir wns only 13 to 17 meters--that is, 4.5 to 5 eimes less. ~ In the drilling of Starogroznenskaya Well No 712 with a 2AN-190.SSZGU bit, 324 meters were drilled in Che 3,893--4,217 meters interval in Upper Cretaceous deposiCs at a mechanical speed of four meters per hour--that is, the work indicators of the series-made bits were exc~eded by five times. y Adoption of the 3AN and 2AN ser.ies bits now undergoing industrial testing will unquestionably improve the technical-economic indicators of drilling. _ Above all, reducing the number of bits used means preventing wear and tear - on casing strings, which in turn makes it possible to simplify well con- struction and to reduce the amount of eime spent on casing work as well as auxiliary operations and idleness due ;:o the preparation of casing pipes - for insertion. All of these time outlays add up to 25 percent of all cal- endar drilling time. - Tn 1976-1977 there was an increase in volumes of drilling usin~ diamond bits outfitted with both natural and artificial diamonds. This is due, on the one hand, to the greater well depths, which more fully reveal the advantages of unsupported bits having tougher implements, and, on the other, the im- proved technology of drilling for the opening up of Upper Cretaceous deposits - - characterized by potential absorption. It should be pointed out that the use of MDR-115ST-1 diamond bits developed by VNIIBT and the Institute of Super Hard Materials made it possible to ex- _ tend the bottom of Burunnaya Well No 1 to 7,501 meters. ~ An analyses of the operating results of diamond bits has demonstrated their - high potential. Thus, in the drilling of Braguna Well No 73 one MDI-140ST-1 bit completed 410 meters in the Upper Cretaceous deposits (the interval between 4,776 and 5,186 meters). In the drilling of Oktyabr'skaya Well No 250 one bit completed 350 meters in the 4,576--5,068 ;neter interval in the same deposits. Using just one or two bits it is possible to open up the - Upper Cretaceous deposits throughout the entire interval. " tiowever, expansion of the domain of application of diamond bits is being held back by the limited availability of high-strength weighted drill pipes and pipes of 73.89 and 114 millimeters diameter equipped with threaded safety ~ connections. - Among the most promising trends in increasing the technical-economic indica- tors oE deep-well drilling are the work-testing and adoption of drilling - technole;;y utilizing regulation of the pressure differential in the well-stratum 20 FOR OFFICIAL IISE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - ~ystem. Effor~s to resolve this complex problem wirh regnrd eo the con- = = ditions chnracteristic of Groznefr' oilfields at present are now jointly underway wirh tha collaboration of the association, VNI?BT, SevkavNIPlnefe', _ KOVNIIpromneftegeofizika [Caucasus Department of the All-Union Scientific-- = Research Institute o~' PeCrole wn Industry Geophysics~, and GroznefCegeofizika = ~Croznyy Petroleum Geophysics Trust]. They have drawn up an integrated - program of scienLific -research work. _ In 1976-1977, rhe rechnology of drilling with regularion of differential pressure when drilling rhrou~h AVPD zones was used in part in the drilling ' of some of the segments of Zamankul Well No 86 and Br~guna Well No 76. The resulrs of these efforCs are quite enco~~raging. 'in the drilling of Well No 86, in the interval between 4,120 and 4,392 - meters, the amount of drilling per bit and the mechanical drilling speed _ were approximately doubled, while the amount of chemical reagents consumed ' _ and orher outlays we re reduced; overall, ehis made it possible to save 410 - - rubles per meter in the interval of application. � _ In drilling between 1,913 and 4,880 meters in Braguna Well No 76 it became passible, thanks to careful compliance writh optimal correlations bet~ween ' pressures in the well-stratum system, to avoid all complications, to sub- stantially raise rhe technical-economic indicators, and to simplify the well construction compared with the projec.t plan. � ~ It should be mentioned that the technology of drilling with regulated differ- entfal pressure has been widely tested in the opening up of Upper Cretaceous - deposits, and in some areas the use of this.technology alone has made it. possible.to open up the entire interval of these deposits, making it possible to explore lower strata. . In the process of drilling deep wells within Grozneft' it is necessary to drill through six or seven intervals th:.,t differ in terms of drillability, - which accounts Lor the multi-string structure of the wells. = Failure of any of the strings eo reach the stipulated depth makes it impos- sible to sink the we 11 to the pro~ected depth. At the same time, the in- sertion of strings in cases of small annular clearances and substantial - _ seepage under the shoes xequires considerable time to prepare the borehole (repeated gau~ing and testing of the borehole using complicated layouts). Moreover, the desired results are not always achieved. = DiEficulties due to small annular clearances al.so arise in the cementing of inserted strings. VNIIBT has proposed an expandable reamer designed to increase the diameter . - of the borehole over the dimensions ~f the inserted casing string. The use of this reamer provides a practical solution to the above problems. - Reamers haye been designed to fit~Che ^.onditions of drilling in Grozneft' _ oilfield areas; they make it possibl~_ -:o enlarge the borehole from 190 to ~ 21 FOR OFFICIAI, iISE OIv'LY _ APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 FOR OI~'F'ICTAL US~ ONLY _ 230 millim~ters under Che shoe of a~~ inserCed 219-millimeCer casing string � (RRB-190/230), also RRB-243/285 and RRB-295/345, designed to enlarge the borehole prior ro inserCir~g casing strings of 219 and 273 millimeCers. 'Che R~6-190/230 hns undergone nccepCance tests, and the ~2RB-295/345 i:, un~ _ dergoing tesCs. In nll wells where these rearrers have been used, the insertinn and cementing of 2~3-millimeter casing strings have gone withouC complicaCions. Unquestionably, increasing the volumes of the use of RRB reamers will make = it possible to resolve one of the most com~lex problems involved in casing - deep wells. - It should be mentioned that the fruitfuL collab~~ration between Grozneft' - drillers and VNIIBT has been largely facilitat~:d by the considerable organi- _ zational work carried out by the association and tt;e VNIIBT department set - up in Groznyy. - At present, the patter ~ of conducting tests on new equipment v~orks this way: - Al1 UBR's [administrations of drilling operations] receive c'eCailed inf orma- rion concernin~ the availability and techiiical specifications of new equip- - ment or concerning Che technological process as a whole. On the basis of - this information,.they make suggestions as ro which objects c~n make the - y most effecCive use of this equipment oc technology for testing and adoption. 5uggestions made by the UBR's are examined ~ointly by the association's _ drilling technology division and the Groznyy division of VNIIBT and are then = - incorporated in the testing schedule plan to be approved every month by the association's management. Implementation of the scheduled plan is the re- _ sponsibility of the chiefa ~f the technology divisions of the UBR's ,jointly with the Groznyy divisio~,~ of VNIIBT. The results of the test~ are brought to the atCention of the engineering- technical personnel of the UBR and discussed at various seminars. The program of instruction for drillers and assistant drillers in the train- ing-coursework combine now includes a section for the study of new VNIIBT - equipment that has completed or is undergoing tests in the association's oilfields. - Thus, extensive creative collaboration between science and production is ~ substantially enhancing the quality of testing of new equipment, speeding up its inauguration into series production, and helping to facilitate the adoption of new technological applicaeions. According to forecasts, most of the petroleum reserves which will serve as the basis in the current five-year plan and in later years for the develop - ment of the republic's oil industry are confined to the interval between - 5,500 and 8,000 meters; this gives rise to many problems, the solution to - which will assign a key role to scientists of VNIIBT. : 22 = FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~Ott O~~ICIAL U5~ ONLY ~OI~YttIGIITt Vsp~ayuznyy n~u~hn~-i~~l~dov~t~1'nkiy in~titue arg~ni~~e~ii, upravl~niy~ i~konomi.ki n~Et~g~znv~y pr~myghl~n??o~ti (VNiI0~NC3), 197~ ~~54 CSqt 1~22 6.- 23 FOR OFFICIAL L'SE Oiv'LY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~~R O~~~CIAL U5~ ONLX ~'U~L5 ANU R~LA'T~d ~t~UtpM~N~' ~ UDC: 62~.243.~2 n~V~LnpM~N'~~ 3PR~AU 0~ ~L~C'~RIC DRILLING Mag~~w HU~~N~Y~ in RUBg~At1 Na 6, Jun pp 17-1g ~Articl~ by Y~. A. G~1'fgaC, N. ~'am~nko, gnd A. Knnonov (VNIIHT): "St~tus ~nd ~rogp~ceiv~ U~ev~l~pmene of ~1~ctric drilling of dil ~nd G~~ Wetl~~~~ ~Text] VNIIBT ~All-Uni~n Order ~E L~bc~r Yt~d g~nn~r Scfentifin-ttpse~reh Institute of Urilling T~Ghnol~gy~ hag been involv~d with prablem~ n~ d~vplt~p- ing ~quipmpnt and technolagy fdr electric drilling ginc~ the inseitut~ w~s cr~atpd, that i~, since 1953. Until 1964, problems of designing varibus ki~ds ef electric drtlls o~ 1b4, 170, 215, and 250 millimeters digmet~r, and th~ir testing und~r industrigl canditions, were the concprn of SKTB~ [5pecial besign-Technology Bureau fui tl~~: planning of Electri~al Equipment], which was set up in the electrical equipment industry system. Later on ehese pro~ects wer~ continued in SKTBE Khile VNIIBT became involv~d with the development of electric drilling technalogies: det~rminfng the = rational dom~ins its application and the power and technology parameters of electric drills, formulating the technical speciEications on electric drills and other equipment involved With electric drilling, canducting tests of technieal devices, accepting them for series production, and workin~ out ' the technology of drilling utilizing th~ n~a technical devices. '['hc amount oE electric drilling in all oil and gas wells since 1963 ehrough- ~ _ dut the sector as a whole comes to 4.5 million meters. At pres~nt, ~l~ctric drilling is us~d in Bashneft' [I~ashkir Petroleum Production Association~~ 'I'urkmenneft' [Turkmen Petroleum E'roduction Association], Azneft' [Azerbaydzhan t'etroleum i'roduction Association~, and Ukrneft' [Ukrainian Petroleum Pro- - duction Association]; experimental work on its ~citi:ecian is underway in Clavtyumenneftegaz [Main Tyumen' Petroleum and Gas Administr~tion~. 'l'he present inventory oE electric bottom engines includes high-torque eleccric drills oE 164, 185, 240, and 29C millimeters diameter aith variable bit rotation speeds ranging between 700 and 70 RPM. This broad range of rotation speeds has been achieved through the use oE oil-filled geared inserts produced t~i scrtes atong aith the electric drills. 24 FOR OFFICIAI. L'SE OIBLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~~tt O~~IC~AL U5~ ONLY ~'1~~ ~n~~tt~ility ~f r~~ul~tin~ eh~ bit'~ rae~tidn gp~~d ~t high ~dryu~ ~nd tl~~ ~~~e eh~t eh~ p~w~r pgr~m~~pr~ ~r~ ind~ppnd~nt ~f eh~ typ~ ~nd qu~lity , n~ th~ wnrking ~gene cireulgeing in thp w~11 m~k~ it pdg~iblp t~ c~ndu~t drilling ~p~r~einr?g und~r v~ry ~~mplpx ge~ldgf~~l ~andi~ion~ whi1~ m~ine~in- ing th~ nptim~l ~drr~l~tian~ df bit 1n~d ~nd numb~r rae~Ei~n~ en~~~hi~ve g~ad r~gult~. "Cn irnprnv~ ~l~~~rte~ drtlling fndicator~, us~ ig m~d~ df oeh~r t~~hni~~l meanst bdttbm-hdl~ t~legygt~m~ whi~h, in c~n,~un~tidn with ~urr~ne f@~d, m~k~ it pds~ibl~ to ~antrol 8nd ~ffe~tivply dir~ct th~ ~r~11's tr~,~~ct~ry; de~ia~ion m~ch~nism$ of 164, 1~5, and 240 millimpt~rg di~m~t~r m~king it p~g~ibl~ to b~nd the bnr~ho~~ ~t thp r~te oE nn~ t~ thre~ d~gre~s ft~r ~v~ry ten met~rg; d~,ubl~-d~vi~tion r~~~h~nigm~ o~ lb4 ~nd 240 millim~t~rs diaro~t~r making ie pd~~ible co b~nd borehal~s ~t eh~ r~t~ ~f four to s~v~n d~gr~~~ for ~very ten m~c~rs, tn b~ uged in drilling mgnifdld-hori~~nt~l w~llg; . di~sel-~1e~tri~ unit~ prdvidit~g ind~pefld~ne power to the electric drill in region~ without ~1~~trifici~Cion. 'T1:Q Eollowing gre in eh~ d~v~lopm~nt st~g~s multi-el~ctrod~ logging probes for c~rrying out a complex of fi~ld-~~ophy~i~al work in gently-inclin~d boreholes; ~ a complex of electri4 drilling ~q~ipm~nt and drilling too18 for drilling oper~tions using an ~l~ctric drf11 of 127 millimeters diameter in v~arcical, ~nctinpd, nnd m~nifnld-horizont~l wells; ~ ~ varinble whipstock. These te~hnological charact~ristics and technical devices of electrfc drill- [ng have mad~ it possible in recent year~ to gchieve high technical-~conomic indic~tor~ in w~lt drilling and to motivate a number of oil-producing associa- tions to adopc and further develop this meang oE drilling. 'Che following damains of adv~nt~geous gpplicaeion of ~lectric drilling have bchn determined: _ the dritling oE wells down to 3,000 to 5~000 meters in depth using loaded - muds of densities of up to 2.~ g/cm~; _ chc dritling of concrolled-dir~ctional aplts; the drilling oE maniEold-horizontal aells; 25 FOR OFFICIA[. ~SE 01'LY � . ~ APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 FOR f~~~ICtAt, U3C ONLY ~lic drilling dC w~llg u~thg ~~~~~ug a~~n~~; . t1~e drilling ref~r~n~~-t~Chn~lagy w~llg~ U~ing the ~x~~npl~ Turkmeni~ it i~ pdg~iblp to d~mdngtrge~ th~ ~~anamiG ~EEectivene~~ nf e1~CCri~ drilling und~r cdmpl~x geoingi~~l ~ondition~ u~ing lnaded mudg. At pr~s~ne, ~le~eri~ drillg ar~ b~ing ug~d gu~e~g~fully eh~r~ ea dritl ~ numbCr of d~~p w~ll~ ir~ eiea8 with abnormally high form~tfon pr~~~ure~: Koeur-T~p~ Nd 609 (5,042 m~eerg), KdCur-`~~p~ Nu H09 (4,7dd m~t~rg), ~rid K~mgdmal~gkay~ No 2~ C4,~0~ m~t~r~). 'Chp bl5E r~gulea w~r~ ~chi~v~d in drilling thp l~tter w~11; ~dmpae~d with th~ bBgC indt~~eors ~chi~v~d in driiling B~r~~-G~1'm~~ N~11 Nn 52 by eh~ rot~ry m~ehod und~r simil~r condi- �tan~, the ~dmm~rci81 ~p~~d wg~ inGr~~g~d by 1.~ eim~~ (~e~ t~bl~). Indi~gtnrs g~rs~-G~l~m~~ W@11 Komg~mol~~k~y~ N~ 52 W~11 No 2] . Uepth~ ~nee~rs 4~51 4603 Commerci~l drilling ~pp~d, 22~ 4pd met~r~ per rig~manth T'echnic~l drilling sp~~d, ~84 g~d = mptprs p~r rig-moneh Mpchnie~l drilling speed, 3.04/3.80 5.g0/6.09 met~rs per huur* _ ~nund-trip drilling gpeed, 1.6n/1.70 2.20/2.54 m~ters per hour* Amdunt drilled per bit, 33.dOJ35.00 35.05/43.50 meters* � *t'he num~rator indicatps th~ welt as a whdl~ (including corp bits); the denomina~or indfcgteg only :he bits for full-hol~ drilling. ~tigh teehnical-economic indicators have been achieved in the electric drilling in this arpa, using bits af diffpr~ent diameter--394, 269, 214, arrd l9b miltimec~r~. ln tt~e dritling of cnntrolled-dir~ccion~t welis, the ~ffectiveness of plpctric - drilling is increased even more; for this reason, almost ~11 such aeils in _ 'Curkmenneft' ar~ dritl~d with el~etric drills in conjunction Wfth bottom- hnle telemetry systems. ~l~ctric dcitling is being used most ext~nsively for controlled-directional Welts in Bashneft'. Thanks to more thorough anrking nf the bits, the ad- v~ntages oC direeting th~ tra,~ectories oE cnntrolled-directional Wells, ~nd the possibiliCy r~E using mud fillers Wh~n passing through absorption ~ones (including the use vf load~d muds), electric drilling achiev~s higher eom- _ merriai speeds at less cnst chan in the case of turbine drilling. 26 FOR O~FICI~'~t. U~E ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ~Olt O~~IC~AL t1S~ ONLY in tg~6, I~~ghnefe' u~~d e1~~Erie drill~ t~ ~ampl~~~ 11~,OOtl mpt~rg; in 1~77, _ th~ Eigure w~g l~tl,dnn; in 1979, ehp pi~nn~d Eigur~ ig 15(~,O~d. t~dttam-hn1~ tpl~m~ery d~vi~pg, ~EEpCC~VE whip~ea~ckg, ~nd eh~ p~~~ibility n~ r.dntrnlting thp nperating ~ppciEi~~tinn~ e~ th~ bit ~nd cgrrying dut ~ipld- g~aphysiC~1 m~~gur~mpntg in g~~ntly-in~lin~d bar~holp hav~ giv~n ~1p~eri~ - drilling ~dv~nt~ges whi~h re~k~ it pd~~ibl~ to congid~r ehig m~ehdd ag bpin~ eh~ b~~t puggibl~ nnp for drilling dp~p ~onerall~d-dirpc~idn~l W~lls, - ~gpecially ~n ~ompl~x ge~ilOgi~~l ~dnditions. It i~ fdr thig r~~sdn thee eh~ ndlin~ Ut3tt ~AdminigCr~tion nrilling Op~rn- tidng~ vE Ukrnef.E' i~ using only ~1~~trte dri11~ to ~ink controll~d-dir~~eidn~l - - wellg, whil~ ~ numb~r 6~ w~lls drill~d by m~~n~ df eurbddrills hgd tn bp eunv~rt+~d to ele~tri~ drilling b~c~us~ nE thp gubgt~nei~l diffieulti~g in- vdtved in d~epening oper~tidng (Sp~g Nn 401 gnd 74, nnlin~ Nd 6~3, ~nd S~vernay~ _ bdlina No 16t~ end 129). t~~ne th~ s~m~ r~~~on, in 1977 dir~ctional d~~p-w~tl No 77 in ~ori~l~v Ugtt ~ - w~~ ~l~o ednv~rt~d from the turbine method ed ~1~ctri~ drilling ~nd aas suece~~fully eompl~ted ~t 3,500 meters. Pl~n~ ~lgo c~11 for cnnv~rting df mnre ~ontroll~d-dir~Ctiongl w~llg to el~~cri~ drilling, ~nd ~u~h wells wi11 now be start~d by m~~ns dE ~l~ctrie drilli~g. Thp t~chnological advant~gps ~E eleetric drilling are even more sh~rply maf~iE~sted in t?ie drilling of t~n maniEold-hori~ontgl wells 3,000 meterg d~ep in th~ Uolin~ UgEt. `~he drilling af ~11 eh~s~ wells und~r complex genlogic~l conditions wa~ complet~d in ~ecordance with th~ calcul~c~d pre- fil~. Morpov~r, e aubstantial economic effect wag achi~v~d. Th~ daily nutputs oE ~om~ of the aells rgnged betw~pn 70 and 1S0 ton~ of oil. The pd~sibility of using air and foam to rlean th~ bottom hole in el~ctric drilling ha~ mad~ it possible tn dritl ~ffpctiv~ly through h~rd rock ~nd to op~n up absorbing horizons, ehua rai~ing the tpchnical-economic indicators oE drilling controlled-directional Wells under compl~x geological conditions _ through the us~ of integrated technology. - Far ~x~mpte, in Nadvornaya UBR of Ukrneft' the arnount af drilling per bit was incre~sed by six to ten times ~nd the mechnical drilling speed was increased by thrpp to five timps in the drilling oE a numb~r of controlled-directionel - and vertital wetls by means of electric drills and air-blasting in ~he 0-2,Ob0 meter intervAl. . ~or use in the drilling oE controllpd-directtonal wells, a t~lemetry system has bpen develop~d that is capable of operating at a high vibration level. In 1977 in che Zagly-Zeyva area of Azneft', drilling aas completed on a cluster of thrce controtled-direCtionel Wells of ar average depth of 2,200 mEters; cao of them involved the Eoam clcaring af the borehole boctom in the - 0-1,100 meter interval. Indicators of the drilling of these Wells were substantialty higher than those achieved earlier with the turbine method, 27 ~OR O~~tCI.U. I;5E 01'LY ~ APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 FOR O~~~C~At, US~ ONtY in p~rEi~ulbr th~ enmm~r~i~1 ~p~ed rn~~ by 1.b7 Eim~~. Th~ ~~nndmi~ effect in drllltng eh~ ~x~@rim~nt~l elu~t~r ~mnunt~d e~ 1~H,900 rubl~g. - 'Che a~cur~~y of th~ dir~~eian and th~ qugliey ~f th~ b~rphnl~~ wer~ ~nn- sid~e~bly imprdv~d~ . 'I'he ~xp~rim~nt~l p1~~Cri~ drilling, in 1976, nf ~ Gluge~r of w~11~ in th~ Ugt'-g~1yk ar~~ giv~s r~gsdn ta ~~g~rc eh~t this m~thod c~n b~ utiliz~d _ ef~~~tively in iJestern 5fb~rfa thank~ eo thp h~gh eccur~ey of drillin~ _ w~11~ in thi~ prdEile, reductidn in th~ ~mdunt nE Cimp gppnt on geophy~ie~l _ wdri< th~nk~ tn th~ u~e o~ gpophygic~l ~pp~r~eu~ in~preed in~~ the drill pi~es, and hi~h~r bit p~rforrn~n~~ indic~tnr~. This 1$tt~r i~ due te the Eaet eh~t eh~ drilling c~n b~ ~c~om~li~h~d under any terhnologic~lly ~~~~nti~1 axi~l ln~ds and gpeeds df bit ruEgtion, whi1~ diEfer~nCi~l pr~~sures on thp bnr~hol~ bnttem ar~ r~du~ed th~nks tn 1ow~e hydraulie rp~istance~ in ehe annulgr sp~re, b~Caus~ with ~lpetric drilling it ig permis,~ibl~ to r~du~~ thp ~maune of mud cnngumpd. Ir, We~tern Sib~ria, thp ~lpatrie drilling mpth~d shn~ld nbviously b~ us@d ta dritl Gontroll~d-dire~tiongl wells mdrp th~n ~,S(l0 met~rg dp~p, wh~n st~nd~rd~ nE gccuraCy f~r the bdr~hnl~ tr~3eet~ry ar~ higher, gnd ~l~n for - thp drilling of m~nif~ld-hnrizont~l w~ll~. Considering th~ r~sults achiev~d in reepnt y~~ra, it is ~dvi~~ble to Con- tinue tn increasp volumes of el~ctric drilling in r~giong where it is being ~ ~ used now gnd to stare using it in regidns wher~ We m~y anticipate a sub- stantial economic effect. CnpYFtIGNT: Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-issl~dnvatel'skiy institut nrgttnizatsii, upravl~niy~ i pkonomiki neft~gazovny promyshlennosti (VNIIUENC), 1978 6854 CSO: 1822 2$ FOR OFFICIAI. USE Oi~'LY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 - FOtt OF~ICIAL US~ ONLY ~L~ ANf~ R~I.Am~n nQU~ ~ UKfiAINIAN COAI, 7NnUSTRY ~E~tJI,TS ~'OR NIN~ MONTHS - Ki~v UGOL' UKRAINY in Ruagian No ~2~ llec 78 pp 50-51 ~A~t~~i~ ~"Coal ~ndu~try of th~ UItrainian SSR for 9 Months of 19?8"~ ~m~xt~ ~n ~ months of 1978 the mi.ners of the republic b~ought tn the surface - 1~~~09 mi111on ton~ nf coal~ The p1.an ~or coal mining w~~ su~oa$a~uiiy ~ui- filled by the a~soci~tions Donetskugol', Qrd~honikidzeugol',Tore~~nt~atsit~ Krasno~onugol'~ Pavlogradugol.' and Ukrzapadugol'~ According to the Ukrainian _ SSR M3nistry of the Coal Industry the plan for coal m3ning for coking was fulfilled by 99.3gb~ AGCOrding to the confl ition on 1 October 19?8 the Ukrainian 33R coal induatry had i,sqi active xorking faces, the average monthly progreas of the facea uas ~7�i m, and the average daily load on the longirall--373 T(table 1). As - COR~p~red to the analogous period of 1977 the nwnber of comp~ehensively mecha- nized working faces rose f~om 443 to 462 at the strata with angle of inci- d~nce to 3~~~ and from 41 to 43 at the strata with angle of incidence over 35', rn the comprehensively mechanized longxalls on sloping and inolinded strata 73.03 million T of coal xere mined~ or 3~~96 more than in the analo- goua period of last year (table 2)s in the longxalls equipped with grading units--3.62 million T of coal, or 31.896 less than in January-September of i977. In tho comprehensively mechanized xorking faces at at,~ata xith angle of incidence over 35~ 2.21 million T of coal xere extracted, or 20.~b more - than in the 9 months of i977� In the examined period of the current year 2i69�9 wn of all the preparatory sha�ts xere sunk in the mines of the US~aine, including 1409.4 km of strip- ping and preparing (table 3). As compared to the data for 1977 the volume of footage of a11 the shafts xas loxer by 3.6 km~ while of stripping and preparfng shafts--higher by 12~$ km. The volume of footage of the p~epara- tory shafts xith mechani2ed loading of the coal and rock xas 1470.6 km~ xhich is 0.196 greater than for the 9 months of 1977 (table 4). A considerable part of the shafts--412.2 km xere sunk Hith the use of more advanced mining drilling technology--combines. At the concentrating factories of the ' - Ukrainian SSR Ministry of the Coal Industry 99.51 million T of coal xere - p~dcessed and 60.41 million T of concentrate xere poroduced (table 5)~ The 29 FOR OFFICI/.L U5E ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 ' ~Ott OF'~tCIAL USL dNLY m~bi~ i, ~ ~5~ ~ - ri~ C2 r~,-'~'~ ..~,,.s~M ~ G~~i~li1Jq IIAI l 9kA ~ I~u,t u~wAcA~ I:~~~,In~du~~lUy� l:p~~,iuc~~rrn wn~~ > I Y ~ t f~bfill~l~ C1U)�NdIINA M1111tlN A1111N~ I1tlA110~011N~ U~~411110AtfgC111fNp tlOLlAHIICNHM IIO IIInAty� ~ ~ y1AN~ TLIt~ t U411tt11N1t b~UlCflltl~ 3t1~ Ae~lrruyh~IllNlt 11 .1 dit� I ~g~~CA - anG~~~M dUCU~ kq b4111f111111 'J0� M)yolil11~1 (O~N, ~All� ~ ---.~-.r..o.~~ c~rtr~~N oo6uA uNu .~____r.~__- unneuxyroh~ IG31!l I~G 37,ib 31,~ 361 2~14 - hlnke~~uyrnn~ ~1Q~ , ~ . I17UN I~~ ~1,75 31,3 ;flg ~ 3~~0 ' Kt?~eiroupW~i1c?tyru,n~~ IU174 7G 17,gy 45,d 6~~ ~UBg ~ 1l~t~pouun~cY~p y, 12 ~7~U dl 7,d1 G2,1 854 ~G45 ApteM~~rnn~ .l i~~~ ~ ~ 8b~ 1UJ 71,78 32,8 ibg 232G ~)p 1)1f011NKIf,13C)~ron~ , 4, ~ q0y yg IO,gG 31,4 17J 1859 III;~srepcK~titpa uit 1~~ J 376 lUl I(3,83 35,U 372 19G0 ~I~opc~:~ui p,~~uir ~,~6 , , g 7gg Hg 13,70 32,8 3GG 2031 if~,puuu~no~rpoay ~ 1'~~ 8 7G;f 74 12,03 40,G 4G9 3137 Cta~aiionyroa~, q 558 I IG t8,99 29,0 ~48 . 15GU ~lapnnH~iicKyron~, 1 73~T g4 Ib,GB 28,2 33G t800 ItPacuu;in~ryranb a 789 b5 7,G0 48,0 489 2737 Jlnu6~~ccnutpauuT , Ib8~0 154 20,3~ 34,2 4~9 3030 Cuopxnanaurpatt~ r 2~. dgc~g 3G b,90 b8,7 Gg~ 2~p0 ila~nnrpaayron ~2 ~ 667G 53 T,82 bB,G b3U 32g6 = S kpanitauyronb~ l~ t 1 220 52 I i,b9 52,g b37 273G AneKCa.uap~iayron~ 25~ 81G1 12 0,9a 63,8 271 397G A1?ui~~rnenpo~ J'CCh (26,~ ~bgpg~ ib97 24a,37 37,1 3y3 2571 Kdy s 1. Froduction association 12~ Dob~opol'yeugol' 2. Coal mining~ thousand T 13~ Artemugol' 3. Number of active working .faces 14~ Orflzhonikidzeugol~ 4. Mean active line of xorking 15� Shakhterskantratsit faces, km 16. Torezantratsit 5~ Mean monthly advance of active 17. Voroghilovgradugol' working faces, m 18, Stakhanovugol' - 6~ Daily load, T 19~ Pervomayskugol' - ' 7. for active face 20. Krasnodonugol' - 8~ for mine pit (adm. unit) 21. Donbassantratsit 9. Donetskugol' 22~ Sverdlovantratsit 10. Makeyevugol' 23. Pavlogradugol' - 11~ Krasnoarmeyskugol' 24. U~zapadugol' 2,5, Aleksandriyaugol' 26. Ukrainian SSR Ministry of the Coal Industry plan for processing coal on units of inechanized sorting xas fulfilled by 100.~b. The plan for the production of coal briquets xas mastered by 1019~, and tha plan for production of lignite briquets by 84.,590, _ Duo to the unsati~�actory xork of individual enterprises the plans xere underfulfilled for a number of ecor?omic indices, xith the exception of the _ plan for labor productivity of a xorker for mining~ xhich on the xhole for the IT~ainian SSR Ministry of the Coal ~ndustry xa.s fulfilled by 140.2~b. 30 FOR OFFICI/,L USE OhLY ~ APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020028-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024428-8 _ rd~ n~~z~~ni. us~ nNLY 'I'~,b1~ 2~ Itnun.ldKtlltl 11@RIHNi11Q0o1NNlIQ y1E011~ O60py~0lGIIIIl10 k011AtlANINN ~ 2~ N etpyfuiu uA nnut~a c yrnnM neAe~iNp Ad 53� ~IUGHl~OAttYCI111LJ0 bGLCANII~HNN k 1o6b~~e N~ AcACt� - Nonu~iectro podw4~, taa r e~y0aulNx o~~Netu~x s~� IterpyaKO uv l,l Q