JPRS ID: 8328 TRANSLATIONS ON VIETNAM

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• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/8328
12 March 1979
TRA(VSLATIONS ON VIETNAM
(FOUO 3/79)
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JPRS L/ 8 32 8
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TIZIN5LA'L'I0;15 ON VILTNAM, (FOUO 3/79)
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12 March 1979
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JPRS L/8328
12 March 1979 -
TRANSlATIONS ON VIETNAM
(FOUO 3/79 )
CONTENTS PAGE
MILITARY AFFAIRS AND PUBLIC SECURITY
InformaCion on Vietnamese Military Units
(Various sources, various dates) 1
Infurmation on Vietnamese Military Units
(Various sources, various dates) 6
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, TRADE AND AID
Jetro Views on Japan-Vietnam Trade, Vietnam Energy
(NIPPON-BETONAMU BOEKI NO KAKUDAI KINCHO 0
MEZASHITE, Mar 78) 12
- 8 ASIA - 110 FOUO] -
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MILITAItY AFFAIRS ANP PUBLIC SECURITY
_ INFORMATION ON VIETNAMESE MILITARX UNITS
ihe following information on Vietnameae miliCar,y units was extracCed from
VieCnameae press sourcea publiehed in Hanoi, unle$s oChexwise indicaCed.
Unit designatore and aubordination are as they appear in Che original
source. The remarke include a brief summary of the salient information
available in the newe item.
~ Unit Remarks
Poat 193, People's Armed Located at Huu Nghi Quan [Friendship
- Public SecuriCy Forces Gate], Cao Lang Province. (DOC LAF
29 Nov 78 p 1)
Dong Hieu Self Defense Regt,
Nghe Tinh Province
16th Gp, 7th MR
Dong Nai Gp, Cuu Long Air
Force
Recantly activated. Photo of activa-
Cion ceremony ahows unit antisircraft
weapons. (DOC LAP 13 Dec 78 p 1)
Unit's literary, reading activitiea
noted. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 8 Jan 79
p 2)
Photos ahow unit aircraft and rockets.
Ecuipped with U.S. fighter aircraft and
armed helicopters. Unit pilots and
mechanica overcome difficulties in
mastering atrange equipment. (Qi3AN DOI
NHAN DAN 8& 9 Jan 79 p 3)
- 12 Gp
Chien Thang Gp
Unit member's letter on party theory
publiehed in source. (QUAN DOI NHADT
DAN8Jan79p3)
ii n oi oi
2nd Gp Engaged invading Cambodians north of
the Van Co Dong River in Tay Ninh
Province in tha end nf Dec 78. (QUAN
DOI :1HAN DAN, 9 Jan 79 p 3)
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Dong Bang Gp
Held conference to exnmine reaulCs of
building basie level unite. (QUAN DOI
NHAN DAN 10 Jan 79 p 1)
32nd Gp, Economic Conetruc-
Exploiting the Kon Ha Nung SCate ForesC
tion Forces, 5Ch MR
souCh of Highway 5 in Gia Lai - Kon Tum
40th Regt
Province about 25 kilometers aouCh of
Kon P1ong, near Nghia Binh Province.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 10 & 11 Jan 79 p 2)
1sC Ragt, 9th MR
Completed training phase, provided
border and coastal defenae and raise.d
crops. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 11 Jan 79
p 1)
2nd Bn, 4th Regt
Commander: Tran Van�Dung; Political
Officer: Xuan. Commander commended
for leaderahip qualities in combat
against Cambodians. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
11Jan 79p3)
15th Co, 102nd Gp, Camn
Unit member's productivity commended.
Adminiatration and
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 11 Jan 79 p 3)
Conetruction Depsrtment
M02 Regt, Rear Services
Unit Cailor commended. (QUAN DOI NHAN
General Department
DAN 11 Jan 79 p 3)
9017th Air Force Gp
Good living conditions describeZ.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 11 Jan 79 p 3)
198th Gp, Sapper Forces
Emulation activities noted. (QUAN DOI
NHAN DAN 12 Jai. ?Q p 3)
2nd Bn, U Minh Gp, 9th MR
Political Officer: Nguyen Van�Digp.
Unit heroes exploits against Cauu'~ndians
recounted. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 12 Jar 79
p 3)
8th Bn, Dac To Gp
Unit member's exploits against Cambodians
reported. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 12 Jan 79
p 3)
8th Bn, Quan Tien Phong Div
Photo of unit members crossing through
barbed wire obstacle. (QUAN DOI NHAN
DAN 12 Jan 79 p 3)
41at Gp
Unit members interviewed about unit
activities. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
12 Jan 79 p 3)
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Tan Trao Gp, People's Armed
Public Security Forcea
2nd Bn
3rd Bn
-19th Bn
3rd Bn, 4Ch Regt
55th Regt
lOth Det, 23rd Cao Lang Gp
21st Armored Gp
333rd Gp, 5th MR
Thu Do [Capital] Regt
8th Bn
-Binh Ca Bn
Le Loi Gp, 4th MR
lat Gp, 3rd MR
� nXn GP
5th Bn, 27th Regt
06 Gp
Sth Co, 74th Gp, POL
Department
RecenCly oecurity duCies have more
than doubled.
-the Group's training unit.
(QUAN D02 NHAN DAN 12 Jan 79 p 3)
Commander: Tran Ddc Minh, age 27.
(QUAN DOT NHAN DAN 15 Jan 79 p 3)
Commander of the 3rd Bn, 4th Regt came
from this unit. (QUAN AOI NHAN DAN
15 Jan 79 p 3)
On border defense duCy. (QUAN DOI NHAN
DAN 15 Jan 79 p 3)
Report on training of new unit members,
all of whom are from provinces of North
Vietnam. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 15 Jan 79
n 7)
Data on aelf support farming provided.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 16 Jan 79 p 2)
Proper spiri;: of unit extolled.
-Deputy Battalion Commander and
Political Officer: Vu Tddng Long.
(QUAP1 DOI NHAN DAN 16 Jan 79 p 3)
Good markamanship results noted. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 17 Jan 79 p 1)
it 11 If 11
Political Officer: Lie+stenant Colonel
Trin V2fn TO. Disciplinary action
taken against delinquent unit member.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 17 Jan 79 p 2)
Fought against Cambodiana in the Dac
Lac Province area. (QUAAT DOI N:ltiN DAN
17 Jan 79 p 3)
Work on oil pipeline reported. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 17 Jan 79 p 3)
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Song Thao Engineer Gp
12th Gp, Truong Son Forces
Unit 515
Unit 509
15th Gp
laC Infantry Gp, 9th MR
Song Thao Engineer Gp
ReporC on 1978 Craining acCivitiea.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 17 Jan 79 p 3)
1978 Craining, self support farming
goals met. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
18 Jan 79 pp 1, 4)
Commander: Trddng Quoc -D....LocaCed
in Quang Ninh[?] Province among the
Van Kieu and Pa-Co trlbal groupa.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 18 Jan 79 p 2)
Fought agait:st Cambodians. (QUAN DOI
NHAN DAN 18 Jan 79 p 3)
Conducted river croasing training on
the Red River. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
18 Jan 79 p 3)
Sth Co, 73rd Bn, 84th Gp
Chien Thang Div
Song Gianh Anti Aircraft
Artillery Gp, 4th MR
9th Bn, 41st Gp
B752 General Depot, Materials
_ Department, Technical General
Department
109th Military Hospital
12th Co, 44th Infantry Gp
~ 3rd Bn, ?Oth Infantry Gp
Located in Quang Binh Province. Unit
member writes letter on training.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 18 Jan 79 p 3)
Combat operation reporCed. (QUAN DOI
NHAN DAN 19 Jan 79 p 1)
Photoa show unit members in technical
training. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 19 Jan 79
p 1)
A Lai Chau Province local unit.
Recently haYvc+:;ted 7 tons of padcly.
(QUAN DOI NHAN 19 Jan 79 p 1)
Self support farming of subsidiary
crops reported. (QUAN DOI NHAN ^.4N
19 Jan 79 p 1)
Raiaing medicinal plants. (QUAN DOI
NHAN DAN 19 Jan 79 p 1)
Company's achievements range from b�rick
mak3.ng ta marksmanship training. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 19 Jan 79 p 3)
Report of unit members' haroic deeds in
combat with Cambodians in An Giang
Province. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 19 Jan 79
p 3)
4
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18th Gp, Kien Giang Province Editorially commended for maintaining
good healCh of personnel. (QUAN DOI
- NHAN DAN 17 Jan 79 p 1)
- 95th Gp, Sth MR " 't to -
673rd Gp, HuOng G1ang Corp " " "
~ 441et Gp, 4Ch MR
CSO: 4209
5
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MILYTARY AFFAIRS AND PUBLIC SECL'RITY
INFORMATION ON VIETNAMESE MILITARY UNITS
- The follow ing information on Vietnamese military units was extracted from
Vietnamese press sources published in Hanoi, unless otherwise indicated,
Unit designators and nubordination are as they appear in the original
source. The remarks include a brief summary of the salient information
available in the news iteuzs.
_ UNIT REMp,RKS
175th Military Hospital Located in Ho Chi Minh City. Handling
military wounded. (Ho Chi Minh City
= TIN SANG 14 Dec 78 p 3)
195th Gp
477th Gp
285th Gp
Can Le Regt
- Pust 749, People's Armed
Public Security Forces
A Ho Chi Minh City unit. Commended for
accomplishments in 1978. (Ho Chi Minh
City TIN SANG 30 Dec 78 p 7)
Training unit at the Basic Training
Schoul. (Ho C~7+ Minh City TIN SANG
7 Jan 79 p 1)
Assigned to the defense of Ho Cht Minh
City. (Ho Chi Minh City TIN SANG
10 Jan 79 p 1)
During July 1978 this unit fought ele-
ments of the Cambodian 260th Division,
local elements from the 505th Indepen-
dent Region and Snoul District in the
Mt. Kennedy--Bu Dop Forest area of Song
Be Province. (VAN NGHE QUAN DOI
Dec 78 p 5)
Near Cambodia along Highway 13. (VAN
NGHE QUAN DOI Dec 78 p 126)
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33rd Gp, 5th MR
Activities of unit entertainmenC troupe
-
noted. (VAIQ NGHE QUA id DOT Dec 78 p 132)
65th Gp
Self support farming goals for 1979
given. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 22 Jan 79
p 1)
- 8th Navy GP
Exceeded fiah catch for 1978. (QUAN DOI
Vessel 24
NHAN DAN 22 and 23 Jan 79 p 2)
Vessel 14
Vesael 41
Veseel 22
3rd Navy Gp
Exceeded fish catch for 1V78, (QUAN DOI
NHAN DAN 22 and 23 Jan 79 p 2)
186th Regt, Chien Thang Div
Photo o� unit 122mm gun crew members.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 22 Jan 79 p 3)
61st Gp, Hanoi Forces
Located outside the dikes. (QiIAN DOI
-
NHAN DAN 22 Jan 79 p 3)
6th Bn, Song Da GP
Improvement in discipline of this [Hanoi
based Unit noted. (QjTAN DOI NHAN
_
DAN 22 Jan 79 p 3)
lst Gp, 3rd Mlt
A recruit training unit. During end of
-
1978 and beginning of 1979 was ordered
tb tra in 2nd trainee group in 1/3 the
_
time needed for the previous trainee
-
group. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 22 Jan 79
p 3)
Song Da Misaile Gp
Photo of two missiles on launchers.
- ~
(NHAN DAN 23 Jan 79 p 3)
Haiphong Air Defense Div
State of training described. (NHAN DAN
23 Jan 79 p 3)
Song Gianh Regt, 4th MR
Performing economic construction in co-
ordination with combat rea3iness. (NHAN
DAN 23 Jan 79 p 3)
5th Bn, 104th Regt, 3rd MR
Self support farming results given.
(NHAN DAN 23 Jan 79 p 3)
3rd Bn, 073rd Armored Gp
Photo of tank No 818. Unit moraYe ex-
tolled. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 23 Jan 79
p 1)
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4th Regt, Soti La Province
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Commended for cultural and political ac-
tivities. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAh 23 Jan 79
p z)
Engineer elements of subordinate units
commended for accomplishmerits. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 23 Jan 79 p 2)
Ha Son Binh Province Military
Command
Bong Sen Selr Defense RegC
Route 16 Construction
CorporaCion Salf Dafense Regt
5th Gp, Camp Management and
Construction Department
POL Binh Tram 170
Binh Tram 169
871st Gp, Political General
Department
47th Gp
Signal Forces
-Lam Son Gp
-Nam Lien Gp
-Hai Van Gp
-Vien Thong Gp
- Sao Vang Gp, lst M[t
_ 12th Gp
- 2nd Gp
41st Gp
68th Gp
lst Bn, 44th Infantry Gp
115th Military Hospital
1-
Surpassed 1978 producCion goals. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 23 Jan 79 p 3)
Self support farming results noted.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 24 Jan 79 p 1)
Self support farming results noted.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 24 Jan 79 p 1)
Self support farming results noted.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 24 Jan 79 p 1)
Elements of this Hanoi based unit com-
mended for combat readiness. (QUAN DOI
IvHAN DAN 24 Jan 79 p 1)
-Constructed and repaired 150 km pole
line.
-Constructed and repaired more than
400km of ii.ne in support of fronC line
fighting units
-During January rr~o,,ed nearly 30 tons of
mail.
-Surpassed communications norms.
(NHAN DAN 24 Jan 79 p 1)
Improvement in combat readiness reported.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 24 Jan 79 p 3)
Political Officer: Le The Tuy. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 24 Jan 79 p 3)
Lacated in Ho Chi Minh City. (QUAN D OI
NHAN DAN 24 Jan 79 p 3)
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rost 793, reonleK Armed rubiic
5ecurlty r'orced, Uong Thap
Provincc
3rd Co, Penple's Armed Public
Security Forces, Lottg An Province
Post 155, People's Armed Public
Security Forces, Ha Tuyen
E'rov ince
Post 133, People's Armed Public
Securtty Forcea, Hoang Lien Son
Yrovince
Etecent recipienr of a i'residential Cita-
t ion. (NIIAN DAN 25 Jen 79 p 1)
Recent recipiant of a Presidential Cita-
eion. (NNAN DAN 25 Jan 79 p 1)
itecent recipient of a PresidenCial Cita-
xion. (NNAN DAN 25 Jan 79 p 1)
Unit 86, POL De partmenC, Rear
- Services Ceneral Department a
Navy Lone "N"
8eh Bn
61s t An
Song Lo Engineer Gp
Unit N.20
SOth Anti Aircraft Artillery
Cp, 4 th MR
4th Anti Aircraft Artillery Co,
81st Cp, Thai Binh Province
28th Bn, 86th Gp, Economic
Construction General Departrrent
95th Regt, 09th Gp, Sth MR
2nd Gp, 7th LMt
Vinh Quang Gp, Huong Giang Corpa
Recene recipient of a Presidential Cita-
Cion. (NHAN DAN 25 Jgn 79 p 1)
Unir_ increases etorage capacity. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 25 Jan 79 p 1)
Training activiCiea of aubordinate units
reported. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 25 Jan 79
p 1)
River croseing exercise, self aupport
farming and salvage activities reported.
1',QIIAN DOI NHAN DAN 2.3 ..T.,n 79 p 1)
Political Officer: Nguyen Van Th....
Recently involved in economic consCruc-
tion in western Nghe Tinh Province.
PresenCly has elements in combat ready
positions. Armament includes 37mm guns.
(QIIAN DOI NHAN DAN 25 Jan 79 p 3)
Recently scored well in training. (QUAN
DOI NHAN D.1N 25 Jan 79 p 3)
Battalion Commander: Tran Hanh. Unit
commended for high state of rcadiness.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 25 Jan 79 p 3)
Recently awarded a Presidential Cita-
tion. (NHAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
Recently awarded a Presidential Cita-
tion. (NHAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
Recently awarded a Presidential Cita-
tion. (NHAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
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73rd Armored Gp, Tuy Nguycn
Corps
113th Gp, Speciel Forces
let Mobile Signgl Bn, Signal
- Command
239th Gp, Engineer Command
918th Regt, Air Force
335th Regt, 24th Gp, 78th
Corpa [eicJ
179th Regt, Naiphong Command
Factory 51, Technical Ceneral
Dapartment
Signal Forcea
- -Thong Nhat Signal Gp
-lst Mobile Bn
-6th Bn
-Hai Van Signal Gp
Station A.19
Station A.20
Station A.45
-Lam Son Gp
Song Lam B Gp
ItecenCly awarded a Presidemtial Citg-
r ion. (NNAN UAN 26 Jgn 79 p 1)
Recently awarded a Presidential CiCa-
tion. (NHAN nAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
ltecenCly awarded a PreeidenCial CiCa-
Cion. (NNAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
Recently awarded a PreaidenCial Cita-
Cion. (NNAN DAN 26 Jar, 79 p 1)
RecenCly awarded a Presidential CiCa-
tion. (NHAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
ltecenCly awarded a Presidential CiCa-
tion. (NNAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
Recently awarded a PresidenCial Cita-
tion. (NHAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
Recently awzrded a Presidential Cita-
tion. (NHAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
-Recently completed the inatallation of
a 12 channel carrier aystem and organ-
ized doaena of mobile teams to improve
wire communicationa to front line unita.
-completed a 150km wire lirQ ahead af
schedule.
-recently inst.lled three buried cables,
5 overhead cables atid 6 anzecina arrayg
in difficult locations.
�expedited mavemenC of mafl.
-completed a new 98km wire line and im-
proved 383 km of wire line.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 1)
Photo of unit minst:els. (QL1AN DOI
NHAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 3)
73rd Tay Nguyen Gp
Self support farming efforts nnted.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 26 Jan 79 p 2)
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6th Bn, Tat Thang Artillery
Brig
Sth Cp
Unit 174
35th Gp
213th Regt
135th Border Defense Post,
Hoang Lien Son Province
860th Gp, Sth MR
_ Bac Son Gp
lst Navy Gp, lst Fleet
Tay Do Gp, 9th MR
80th Signal Cp, 4Ch Mt
Photo ghows unit membere manning wire
guided anCi Cank missiles sysCem.
(DAI DQAN KET 23 Dec 78 p 9)
Hae fought Cambodians aince Dac 77 at
Xa Mat, Ca Tum, Loc Ninh and Highway 13.
Tran Van Dung and Nguyen Ngoc Minh are
battalion commanders in thia group.
(CAI DOAN KET 16 Dec 78 p 9)
A conaCruction unit. Formerly performed
Law level work on rhe Ho Chi Minh Trail.
Preaently performing technically higher
level work on the road from Luong San
town to the Electric Power Plant on the
Da River. (LAO DONG 21 Dec 78 p 4)
This unit operatea and defenda the Na
Duong Coal Mine in Cao Lang Province
near Che Chinese border. (YAO DONG
21 Dec 78 p 5)
PhoCo of mountPd patrol. (D4C IAP
27 Dec 78 p 1)
Unit membera participate in athletic
roeet. (THE DUC THE THAO 23 Dec 78 p 2)
Photo of patrol on border defense mis-
s ion. (TIEN PHONG 19-25 Dec 78 p 4)
Physical fi`nLtis activities noted.
(TEE DUC THE Th.:~ r Jan 79 p 2)
Photo of unit patrol. (TTEN PHONG
26 Dec-1 Jan 79 p 3)
Photo of two unit members. (TIEN PHONG
17-23 Jan 79 p 10)
CSO: 4209
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INTERNATIONA?.. itI:(.ATIUNS , 7'RADE AND AIU
JETRO VIEWS ON J11PAN-VIETNAM TRADE, VIETNAM ENERGY
Tokyo N7PPON-BETONAMU BOEKI NO KAKUDAI KINCHO 0 MEZASHITE in Japanese
Mar 78 pp 51-74
[Excerpts] V. Expanaion of Imports From Vietnam and Problema Therewith
1. Agricultural Sector
Rice is atill the largest crop in Vietnam's agricultural production. As is -
cortunonly known, however, Japan hae a surplus aupply of rice and uses a
different typQ of rice for food. FurChermore, it seema that far the presenC
~ Vietnam would have difficulty conetantly diverting a sizeable amount of
rice into exports.
One o� Vietnam's agricultural products other than rice is coffee. Some
1,861 tons of coffee were imported by Japan in 1976, and 664 Cons were im- ~
ported in 1971. All of this was unroasted coffee beans. Vietnamese coffee, .
however, is used in blends and is not sold as Vietnamese coffee; further-
more, because the market price of coffee fluctuates sharply, more time wi11 -
be needed to expand and stabi].ize coffee imports.
Rubber was previously the dominant export of South Vietnam, but rubber pro-
duction was heavily damaged in the war. The treea in existing plantationa
are reportedly old enough to be due for replacement. Japan imported 1,211
tons of Vietnamese natural rubber in 1916 and 744 tons (640,000 dollars) in
_ 1977.
Vietr.amese corn drew aLtention in March 1977 when Zenno signed a contract
with the Vietnamese (VINAGRO-COOP, Vietnam Federation of Agricultural Pro-
duction Marketing Cooperativea) to cooperate in the development of corn
production. In this project, 2enno was to invest 1.5 billion yen to culti- -
vate corn in a hilly area 100 km north of Hanoi, and the Japanese side was
to take the produced corn at the prevailing international market price.
Some 1,000 hectares of cultivated land were under development and a harvest
of about 2,000 tons had been predicted. In August, however, the project
wae auapended ati the request of the Vietnamese side. Since Zenno imports
about 1 million tons of corn annually from the United States and elaewhere,
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to obtgin even 2,000 tone would be insignificant, but corn is a product for
which 2enno relies entiirely on overaeas sources and VieCttam could become a
source of production and supply.
Sunflower ie one of the crope for which cultivaCion in VieCnam is we11
_ euited. CultivaCion of eunflowers is poaeible in part of ehe central high-
landa and in the Mekong De1Ca as a aecond crop after wet season rice. The
oil taken from sunflowers is said to be good for Che body and ideal as a
_ food becauge it is made up almost wholly of unsaturated fats.
Vietnam also has an abundance of tropical fruiCs. Bananas and pineapples
can be ahipped throughouC the year. For purposes of exporCing to Japan,
- ouC-competing products of other countriea and earning foreign exchange,
however, the Vietnamese products have some drawbacks in taste and shape.
The pineapples, for example, have a high sugar content and are Rmall. Cur-
rently, pineapplea are being grown in the muunCaina and bananas in Che
_ valleys in Lao Cai and Phu Tho and efforta are being made to increase pro-
- duction. In the exporC market, however, there is aharp competition from
neighboring countriea in both bananae and pineapplea. Consequently, iC
will be necessary to improve the Cype of product for export, to make prices
competitive by raising producCivity, and to make marketing efforCs appro-
priate to the export markeC in packaging, naming, and so forCh.
Lastly, we would like to make eome mention of vegetables. Nearly all
vegetablea produced in Japan can be produced in Vietnam. Furthermore,
Japan relies on importa for many of its vegetables in the form of dried or ~
frozen vegetables. The Vietnameae Government, too, wants these exports
: and vegetables are reportedly being exported to the Soviet Union (Siberia)
and Europe. Tomatoea, cucumbera, pumpkins and cabbages are being sent to
Siberia and this trade is fairly well esCablished. DrieQ vegetables (garlic
and onions) axe sent to Europe and it seems t.at export contracts for a
fairly large volume have been received from Eu:oVp. In addition, processed
pepper products which are produced near Hanoi are jea:: to Eastern Europe.
Vietnam, then, is actually exporting types of vegetables. For the present
ho.~ever, it aeems that at leaet for northern Vietnam, it would be very
difficult to export products other than theae.
The above is a rough survey of the possibilities for expanding exports in
_ the agricultural sector and, although we can indicate sufficient future
poasibilities, each of the products presents varioua problems for the -
_ present. Regrettably, we have to say that expanding exporCs to Japan will
not be easy. Vietnam ranges from tropscal to subtropical and there are
few crops, including caeh cropa, which Vietnam cannot brow. It is said to
have the best land in the world for raising sugar cane and other such crops.
Quantitatively, however, it will lag behind in competition with products of
other countriea in every case. In short, large acale production on a com-
mercial basis ie not bei" carried on. Furthermore, in the north there
seems to be very little room for development of large acale production.
Consequently, we can probably eay that if Vietnam tries to gain foreign =
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regerves from exporte in the agriculCural sector, ie will depend on ngri- ~
- cultural development of the aouth.
There are, then, long range prospecCs for import of agricultural pxoducCs
from Vietnam; but, aC present, Vietnam ia in a Crangitional period and iC
seems that such imporCs would be rather difficulC for the Cime being.
- Therefore, eince VieCnam is one of the few Cropical agricultural countries
among the socialist countriea, it will probably conCinue Co export to the
_ 5oviet Union, the Eastern European counCriea, etc. These countrtes, unlike
- Japan, are not ao stringent abouC quality aid aCattdards, and are easi.er ex-
port tar.geta for Vietnam.
2. Forestry Sector
High quality pine lumber was produced in the area around Dalat in southern
- VieCnam and had one of the eouCh's main products for export Co Japnn before
the liberation. Japan's firat imports of this item after the liberation -
were in 1977. Since the policy adopted by the Vietnamese Government regard- _
ing lumber exporCs says that Vietnam will export locally milled lumber, the
pine lumber imported by Japan has also bQCOme locally sawed lumber rather
than logs. The advantage of pine lwnber for consCruction ia the beauty of
the wood's grain. Furthermore, for thie wood to be uaed in construcCion
requires milling methods tailored for diatribution of the wood in the
domestic Japanese market. Since the Vietnameae aide gives little consid-
eration to this point, there are aerious problems in dealing with them.
ConsequenCly, ft would be poesible to realize imporCs of a fairly large
volume of pine lumber if the Vietnameae aide would allow exportation of
logs; but, there are milling facilities in the production area, and the
Vietnameae side seems atrongly intent on trying to raise the added value
of the primary product before exporting it.
In addition to pine, Vietnam producea a great deal of tropical lumber.
Vietnam's forests, however, suffered conaiderable damage in the war and
pieces of steel are imbedded in the trunks of many of the older trees.
Furthermore, it is hard to esy that the facilities are in place for fell-
ing and loading this kind of lumber. Nevertheless, the demand for tropical
lumber in Japan ia high and Japan imports a great deal of lumber from Ma-
laysia, Indoneaia and the Phillippinea. Consequently, it is fully conceiv-
able that, if conditiona are right in the future Japan could import this
lumber from Vietnam, too. Therefore, the types of tropical lumber produced
in southern Vietnam are listed below for reference purposes.
A
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