JPRS ID: 8560 NEAR EAST/NORTH AFRICA REPORT

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• Content Type: REPORTS

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I~C)it l1b'i~i('IAi. Iltil; ONI,1'
~~JPRS L/8560 .
~6 J~,ly ~1979
CFOUO 28/79~
~ 4
I~le~r East North Africa Re ort ~
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FB~S FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
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NOTE
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` JPRS L/8560
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, 6 Ju1.y 1979
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NEAR EAST/NORTH AFRICA REPORT
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' CONT~NTS PAGE -
Yr~rr~-~s a~a~s
Briefa
Geochemical Colloquium 1
AL(3ER IA �
Briefs _
Agree?nent With Turkey 2
~ Insufficient Medical Pereonnel 2
' Minis~er on University Fducation 2
Agricultural Cooperation With Australia 3
; Cooperation With Poland 3
Baccalaureat Candidate~ 3
Canadian ~,oan to SONATRACH 4 ~a
IRAQ -
Military Purchases From 8}~in, France in Plannin Stage
~ (Tewf
ik Mishlawi; THE MIDDLE EAST, Jun ?9~ 5 -
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Briefe
New Pro,jects 7
' MAURITANIA
~ Maurita.nia's Need f~r Saharan Feace Stressed
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~ MIDAL.E EA3T, J~ 79~ 8
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CONm~NTS (Con~i.uued)
SUDAN
Nwnayrl Popular Movements, E~yptian ReJ.at~.ons Di~cuesed
~AL-WATAN AI,-'ARABS, vasiou~: dates) 10
Egyptian Troops Said Preeent, Badr-al-Din
Mudaththar Interview
Popular Movements mhreaten Regime, by Badr al-Ha~,~
Egygtinn-Zsraeli Treaty~
Sudanese-Egyptian Integration Explored
Sudan Mc.~ves Back Int,o +he Fold
(Graham Benton; THE MIDDLE EF15T, Jun 79) 36 `
Brie fa
INN~" Loan 38
SYEZTA
Information~Mini~ter W~rns of War Danger ,
fEw-WATAN AL-~~z, ii-i7 r~y 79) 39
ni~sension Affli~ts Syria.n Communists `
(aL-w~ari aL-~~xaaz, 4-io May 79) 45
W~~T~RN SAHARA
� Diploma~ic Efforta To Resolve Saharan Problema
(THE MIDDLE EAST, Jun 79) 48
Moroccan Development Efforts in Sal~ara Noted
(Louise N1~eDonald; THE MIDDLE EAST, Jun 79) 51
Solution to Saha.ran Problem Remains in Paris
(Hassen Zenati; AFRIQUE-ASIE, 25 Nky-10 Jun 79) 55
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IN'I'~R-ARAB AFFAIRS
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GEOCHEMICAL COLLOQUIUM--From 5 May to 7 June in Sidi Fredj, Algeri~ will play
hos~ to the members of the OPAEP (Organization of Arab Petroleum Exportiing
Countries) at a"colloquium on reservoir engineering." Modern ~nethods of
progpecting and exploiting petroleum deposits will be studied and compared
at the meeting. In the �ield of ex~loration in particular, Algeria does
not lag behind, since following geological and thQn geoqraphic studiea,
SONATI2ACH was already undertaking geochemical exploration in ~he Hechar re-
gion as early as 1964. We recall that this method, which is based on the
search for minute signs of the migration of petroleum in the rock and soil
~urrounding natural reservoirs, is advantageous because of tNe limi~ed means
required for carrying it out. A geochanical mission makes from 20 to 40
analyses per dayf a couple of weeks are therefore sufficient for atudyinq
a structure of inedium size at a cost from 5 to 10 times less than tt~e cost
of seismic studies of equal accuracy. The samples, which are often found
at a depth of less than 1 meter and which never require more than light
drilling, facilitate the application of this method in practically all ter-
rains, all climates, and all contours. (Text) [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET
� MEDITERRANEENS in French 18 May 79 p 1238) 11798
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AL~ERIA
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AGREEMENm WITH TUR1tEY--In Ankara on 9 May, Algeria and Turkey aigned an.aqree-
menti aimed at increasing the volume o� trade between the two countriea, ac- -
cording to an official announcement in the Turkish capital. T'he agreement,
which cancels anci replaces the 196~ trade aqreement between Turkey and A1-
geria, was~siqned by Abdelghani Akbi, member of the Centra~. Committee dnd
Algerian minister of comnerce, and hia Turkieh counterpart, Tean~n 1Cpprululer. ~
Koprululer said, "This agreement, which falls within the fraanew~ork of Turkish
policy aimed at strengthening our relations with the countries of the Middle
East and Africa and especially the Islamic world, will. add new dimenaions to
~ commercial ties between the two oountries." (Text~ [Paris MARCHE5 'PROPICAUX
ET NIEDITERRANEENS in French 18 May 79 p 1238~ 11798 �
INSU~'FICIENT MEDICAL PERSONNEL--Durinq the coordination conference thati be-
gan in Algiers on 23 Aprfl, Minister of Public Health Abderrezak Bouha~rn de- ~
scribed the situation in his sector to the qovernors. Algeria should have
12,000 doctors in order to have one for every 2,000 inhabitants. 2t tu~s '
scarcely half that many, and 2,000 of those are foreigners, chiefly apecial- ~
ists. Of the 4,000 Algerian doctors, 1,000 are in private practice, 1,000
are employed by the nationalized firms and the public administration, and ;,fi
2,000 work for the public`health services. Their geographic distribution
further aggravates the differencess Oran has one doctor for every 1,200 in- -
habitants, while Jijel has one for every 11,700. The situation with para- -
medics is an even greater cause for concern. Paramedical personnel number '
21,000, while national.requirements probably annunt to 71,000~ and the cur- ~
rent capacity for traininq such personnel does not exceed 5,000 annually. ~
Bouhara made it clear that in view of th~s situation, the local communities ~
should spend considerable time on'public hygiene, wa~er purification, and t~
the general improvement of sar~itation. (Text~ (Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET
[~DITERRANEENS in French 18 May 79 p 1238j 11798 ~
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MINISTER ON UNNERSITY EDUCATION--Abdelhak Brerhi, Alqerian minister of ~
higher education and scientific research, chose the governorate of Annaba ~
for the start of his series of tours aimed at preparing for the new univer- ?r
sity academic year. hl'he minister emplsusized the gavernment's main pol3cies -
in this areas a proqressive and scientific Arabization not only of the -
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ron c~H,rzc;rni, usr:. JNi.,v
' content o� thQ cur~icula bu~ also of ~e~,'hing ~nd nf teachin~� pnrsonnel~ co-
heren~ rc:search progLfuns serving ~he na~ional in~eres~ ra~hQr. ~h~n isol~ted
programs having a thegis in vi.ews and tihe printing of ~h~ nscnssary books
(145,000 books in Arabic will be imported, and ~he Univer~.~ty }~ublic ofr'ica
wi11 print anotihc:r 165,000) . In Setif, 13rerhi ~:xplained ~h~ ~,;~vernment's
; policy for thc~ coming academic yeat. A university centier, b~ilti in 2 years
time ttnd capable of accep~ing 1,500 students itt September, will be in~ugurated
in Setif. The instiit~ates o� exacL and biological sciences already exis~ and
have 245 students, and the institute of economtr.s, a cNnter �or practical
language Study, and an institute of optics and precisirn engineering wi11 also
_ begin operdtions. Six units and ~3 labnratories have a].ready been acCepted,
at?d 12 more laboratories wi11 be comple~ed in Sep~ember, as will four 120-
seat amphitheaters (with five more to follow) and 98 study halls. (Texti)
[paris MARC2~S TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRAN~ENS in French 18 May 79 p 1238) 11798
AGRICULTURAL COOP~RATION WITH AUSTRAL2A--}31ran Chatterton, South Auatralla's
mini~tier of agricttlture, fores~ry, and fisheries, has been visiting Algeria
since 5 M~y (see MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITEFtRANEENS, 11 May). He has held
talks wit?~ Brahim Brahmi~, secretary of state for forests, concernir~~ coop-
eration between the two countries. '~he d~velopment of inedicago (annv,al al-
falfa) crops will benefit from recent Australian experiments. The K~aar ~
Chellala project will soon go into operation in six communes and wi].1 covQr
850,000 hec~ares :Zt the s~uthern edge of the 5aharan Atlas. It is aimed at
integrated agropastoral development: 2,000 irrigated hectare:., steppe pas-
turagc, the improvement of lives u^,k, and the improvement of techniques for
the production of dry fodder. (Text) (Pa. is MARCF~S TROP'Cx1UX ET MEDITERRANEENS
~ in ~rench 18 May 79 p 1238J 11798
COOP~RIITION WITK POL~IND--A protocol of agreement between Algeria arid Poland
relative to the development of cooperation in the field of town pllnninq,
housing, and construction was signed on 17 May in Chebli, about 20 kilometers
south of Algiers. Signing the agreement for the Algerian side was Abdelmadjid
Aouchiche, minister o~ town planninq, construction, and housi?~g, while Adam
Glazur, minister of construction materials industry, signeci for the Polish
side. Under the terms of this agreement, Algerian-Polish cooperation will
cover t}te following areas: the transfez of technology and know-how, the sup-
plying of construction equipment and materials and of prefabricated components,
and services in the designing and completion of projects. ~TextJ [Paris
MARCI{ES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 25 May 79 p 1295j 11798
BACC~ILAUREAT CANDIDATES--More than 80,OG0 candidates will talce the baccalau-
reat examination this year, according to the West Algerian newspaper EL
U70UMHOURIA. The newspaper reports that this year's registrations show that
the scientific sections are enjoyinq some degree of priority as far as num-
bers are concerned. Those sections, which last year provided 31,000 candi-
dates, registered 38,000 candidates for 1979. The advanced statistics reveal
a clear trend toward the scientific branches of learning, which include
20,991 c andidates for the curr.ent year. The science branch inr.ludes 31,897
candida tes, while 7,040 are registered f.n the mathematics branch. Also
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accnrding to EL DJOUMHOURYA, 1979's bacaalaurea~ candida~es are divided geo-
graphlcally as ~ollows: 111giers: 27,062 enrolled in lyceQS and 9,~44 independ-
ent oandida~ess Oran: 11,064 enrolled in lycees and 3,015 independent candi.-
da~esr and Constantfne: 21,820 enrolled in lycees and 7,792 independenti can-
dida~es. (Tex~) (Paris MARCHES mROPICAUX ET N~DITERRANEENS in French 25 May 79
~ 1295) 11798
CANAbiAN LOAN TO SONATRACH-~-The SEE (Canadian Company �or Export ~xpansion)
announced on 16 May the gran~ing of a loan oF 3.7 million Canadi~n dollars
(about 12 million francs) to SONATRACH to supporti ~he sale o� Canadian equip-
ment goods. The ldan will enable SONATRACH to Rcquire aervices concerned with
hous3ng, cost verification, and quality control in connection with the output
of its enterprises. The company will also ~inance the training of SONATRACH
employees in Skikda on the Mediterranean coast. The total vost oE the pmjec~ _
for the construct3on o� a liquefied natural gass plant is estin~ ted a~ 4.3 mil~
lion Canadian dollars. This agreement is sim~.lar to the cantract ~ota].3ng
95.3 million Canadian dollars (about 380 million francs) thati was signed by -
the SEE in July 1977 to support the sale of Canadian equipment gooda and
services in connection with another Algerian project in Arzew. (Text] [Paris
MARCHES TROP;LCAUX ET MEDITERRAN~ENS in French 25 May 79 p 1296J 11~98
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j ~ MILI'1'AItY I'UI2C1lA5C5 I~'1tOrt SYAIN, FRANCE IN I'LANatING 5TAGE
~ Landon TH~ MIDULE EAST in ~nglish Jun 79 p 20
~
' [Article by Tewfik t4lshlawi]
; [Text] in a d~~imntic mrnc lu demnnytrnte it9 in� Now, the new policy ie nffecling arms
~I~~~~eii~i~~ncc fr~im M~~cruw, irnq is con~i~ier� purchnses which hed hitherto been made
in~; ~~l~~ns to buy qaphixticated militnry nlmnat exclusively in the Soviet Union.
hurd~vnre from Spnin nnd F'rnnce ~vorth $2.6 Defence Minisler Adnnn Khnirnllnh made
hilliun. i~nghdad's nnns~purchnsing ~x,licv iu~ extenyive tnur of the 5puniyh and F'rench
hns I~+ rn kenred towards Soviet wen~cmry ~irm4 in~luyt rica in 1~1ny ~~~ith n lnn~; ~hn~~pinR
for mc~re thnn a dernde, but the shift is in li~t intcndrd to imprc~ve the d~~fence
line with the f+tlilude of the lraqi regime c?ipnhilitie:+nf thc irnqi nrined f~~rces,
which, in rccenl year.r, hns been tnking every Inf~~nned ~nurres ~nid Spnin iy exprcled
~x~.uihle npportiinity to underline its in� In bcc~~mc Trriy's lhird bi~;~;cai yu~iplier c~f
. dependence. ~~~~~~i~xms and wnr.+hips under n prujected
Iraqi lcade~, pnrticularly Snddnm fivc�yenr dcal wr~rth nmund $y00 milli~n. -
Nu~.vain, Vice Chairmnn nf the Revnlution S~inin iq nl4o expected tv be contrncted to
r Commrind Council, hnve made pninsti~king tiet up fi+ctr,ries in lrnq to pr~xluce light nrma
_ i cffurts t~ emphnsise their openness lo the end ?nilitnry vchicles. At thc snine time,
~Vest. f~ul thcy hAVe nlso stre~.aed thet lhe neg~~tiali~ms nrc un~ier wny on lrmg�term
~ ruthlcwe clnm~xlown on the pro�Soviet Irnqi cn~de uil supply nrrnngements to incrense
` Cnmmunist Pnrty shnuld not nffect "friend� Spnir..'s ail imix~rts from lrey tn $L hillion in
~ ly nnd stratrgic" relntions with the Soviet 1JA0 frum the presrnt $500 million.
IJnion. lrnyi nr?ne purchnqes Gom Frnnce nre ex-
~t~ncow nnd Baghdad may diffcr on pected to be worth around $I.G billion over
; idc~~l~~gicnl nnd E~liticel is.gues related to the the nexl five years. Fventufllly, Frence may
' Arab cause, but they ore "strategicnlly hea~me irnq's mnin orma supplier. At the
allicd ngninst imperinlism nnd in support of qnme time, lruq hus nlready ngreed to
~ nalionnl liberation~ movements throughout hrcome ~rnncda principnl oil hupplier, and
the world". will boust i~q oil rxpurts to France from less ~
Few observers would dispute this, but thnn 20 million lons in 1978 to 25 million
they feel that Soviet leaders ere unhappy tons in 1919. F3y 1983�&l, Frnnce ahould
! about Uaq's intemal and externe': policiea. reccive 50 rnillion tons of lrnqi oil a year,
: lrnq's shiR to the tiVest tcwk the form of Khairnllah's shopping list reporledly in-
t direct conlncts with exporters of inechine.ry cluded GO Mirnge�2000s, e sophisticnted
~ nnd eyuipment, and industriel plent rndnr syslem, guided missilea end fest
builders. American and European firma mi~.9ile�cnrrying boet~. Some French presa
` ' have of(ices in Beghded and ere readily re~x~rts Apecul~ted that Irayi aircraft
; nvnileble for cnnsultation and adv;ce. As e pi~rchnsea from Fronce might rench 100
: resu!t Soviet�bloc ~orgeniseti~ns found they Mirnges, nnd thnl w~me of the new military
~ were 1c~inR ccmtracts. hnrdwnre might be deployed in Syria.
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Furthermore, ~rance has no~ nbnndnned
ita commil ment tn r+upply irnq with t.wo ex� ,
~?eriinCntnl nuclenr rrnc:l~ir~ tc~ repluce thc~pe
myeteric~uyly blown up in Apri) et Seyne�
Hur�Mer ahortly before they were to be
ehipped to Iraq,
Some obqervera in Bcirut hcliev~ thnt !he
principel motive behind Irnq'e nrma policy
ahift has bcen Sc~viet reluct~nce to aupply
bc~lh Irnq nnd Ew:+.qibly Syria, with the
we~pons nceded to reslore the "HUnte~ic
bninnce" wilh Israel, This balence hud been
disrupled by the Fgyptian�1sr~eli peece '
tre~ty, according to officinis in Damnsscue w
und Hoqhdad,
_ COPYRIGHT: 1979 IC Magazines Ltd.
CSO: 4820
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NEW PROJECTS--Subsidiary companies of the West German steel and engineer-
' ing group, Salzgitter, have won orders worth a Cotal of DM250mn (about
$131mn) for the suFply of two brick factories worth,DM150mn, wt~ich are
on order from Salzgitter Stahl and are due for completion wiChin 18
~ months~ Hanover-based brl.ck kiln design specialists Karl Walter wi11
also be involved in th~ pro~ect. The gas tanks are to be suppl3ed by
George Noell for installaCion near Basra port by Che end af 1981. In
~ anoCher Iraqi contract for West Germany, Siemens has ~een appointed to
` supply electrical equipment worth DM9mn (about $4.7mn) to Che oil refin-
` ery now under conatruction by Technoexport of Czechoslovakia at Bai~i -
in the north. The refinery will start operations in 1981 wiCh an ini-
~ tial capacity of 3.Smn to~ns a year, rising to some 7mn tons later on.
~ The capital o; the Iraqi Fund for External Development (IFED) is to be -
j doubled to ID100mn. The Fund's capi~al has remained at ID50mn since it
~ was set up in 1974. The increase coincides with expressions of concern
i on the part of Iraqi officials that ways should be found to alleviate
a the burden of this year's oil price r.ises for developing countries. Iraq
' is said ko be working on proposals for some new form of financing facility -
to deal with the problem. [TexC] [London 'CEIE MIDDLI: EAST in E*_�glish Jun 79 -
F p 112) -
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MAURITANIA'S NEED FOR SAHARAN :~ACE 5~R~SSED ,
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~ London THE MInDLE EAST in English Jun 79 p 39
` [TexC] '
~ ~ It I8 ttot judt tho war in the:' 'I'his ~~ic~i~s thAt one out of se~~en ,
Sahnra which ie causing I~tatvitnninnn li~~es in the cepital, a trend ~
' , . ~rhich hc~:nn in thc lnte 1'J60 e nnd H~as i
ec~r~omic t~nd aocaal cheos ~n ~rrntl~~ nrrelrrntcd by the combined effect '
Mauritnnia~ ~lthough thie is the of the pn~luuged anhel drvught nnd the wnr
~ most obvioue immediatd cauee, in the nurth.
~ven if a solutio� ie found in the As in wher cow~t~ice in the Arab world,
near futuro the probleme of ur- the relnti~~e ncglect of devr:opment of the
. rurxl ~ectur of the econo~ny has h~stened
; bnniention, poverty and racial thL ~,~~~ulniion Aow. -
; tetlBlori will remain. Nou~~krhntt docs not havo the necc.~+sary ~
pu~t~~rily hns been the watch~vord of the ~unitnry nnd acxiel aervices for. ils new in-
~ f4t~~�u militnry regimes which succeeded hnbitants.'I'he tnrmac roecis end in a vnet
; the 14�ycnr�old re~ime of Mntuitanian tent and shnnly tuwn huusing the most
Pre~ident \1ukhtnr Ould�Daddah, but in recent nrrivnls from the countryaide. Onc
~ the rn~~itnl af N~~uakchott business gces on doctor t~ld The Middle F,est thnt nlmost
ns uaunl. CunStn~ction ccmtinues despite the h~lf the children in the bth and 6th districte
serere econumic crisis and uncertain were so ~~nderfed that many wuuld eoon
~ politicel situntion. suffer lhe effecte of permenent under-
Thi~ is unly one uf the many peradoxes in nouris}unent.
Mnuritnnin ~vhere, in spite of the bitter b~t ' while tr�9e seemingly endlesa
thrcc�~�enr SnhnrAn war, many }~igh rnnking bidonvilles gpring ~p around Nouakchott,
Go~�emnu~nt ~fficinls privately edmit thet the finiahing touches are being put to two
the~� ~~~mpnthiwe with end su~po~t the multi-millian�dollar moP~ues in the centre
i Poli~ario liber,ition front. of the town. One, ~iven by King Hassnn of
lounkchutt is essentially a modem Morocco, is in pure Megh~eb etyle, The
rreation, but it dit[ers from ~ther urban second, a gift from Saudi Arnbia, is a bit
~ rentre~ in the region in that it is nnt the more eclectic in design,
` result of ~il ~~~celth. It is e~~�ntielly an One senior Meuritnnian officinl wryly
ndmini~trnti.~e centre for the y��. ~�g and still cornmented thet in many ways lhese
; fregiie ~li~uritnnian slate. mosques were the Lymbol of the former
' At inde4x~ndence in 1960, Nouakchott was regime's policy of pursUing prestige prc~jects.
~ ju.ct a niilit,iry oulNost and small trading "We are a people of nomads", he snid, "and
centre. It ~~�na originally designed by French do not ueed these splendid mc,nquea to pray.
; architc~~ts t~ eccommodete some 30,000 in- ~'Ve are uaed to tuming to Meccn from
j" habittu~ts. Aut at pr~sent it hes an nnywhere in the immense Sehara."
~ eFtinu~tcd ~x~pulntion of about 180,000 to A Meuriteniru~t soci~~logist pointed out
; 2pp,(lO(~1111~ (~~A t018I Of AbOUL 1.4 million. that the money used for these religious
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_ ~
~
' ~Oit n~~iCtN, t13E ONLY l ~
~
~
_ ~~~m~n~+c~?uld hnv~ I,rhn ii,rd lu ~~nwide Ihe ~
li~ully iir~+~1~~f Maric Infrn~tn?~tura fur innny'
, 'purt~ ~?f Ihr town which igck pvnn n rlr~dy'
~~~l~l~ly uf ~~ntrr~ , ` ~
{ ( ho pbeiwiurn~m ~~f ~irl~niii.~~l~~.,~ Ifti~ I,v+
I I~~ ptny n kry mlt in tht c~~uii~r~~'~ ~r~l~~i~ ~il
fufure, he I?rlicv~id~ Fur rx~u~~~?Ir in I:rtt~
~ilx,ul 70 ~~r rrttl U~ lM@ ~NI~?IIIIII{uli N~uN ~:~F
numudic m~d uniy ;10 ~x~r crnt liv~~d h~ Ilu~
urhun rri~trre,'t1~e ln~t c~~n~u~, in ~!~"~7, in.
di~.nlrcl thi+t Il~~e tiburr~ hnd In~en n~~~~~t~+~~~i. ~
A~~ pe 1~iauritnnle wn~ Inulilluiu~lly
n~ird un n frudnl bn~+i~, the G~ruirr lir~ uf
d~~~?endenep nnd dumh~nliun 'tnva In~rn
- Inr ~~ely ~i~n�trvyed wilhuut nrw f~~r~+iN s
n~ilncing them.
'i'ho etn~ggle ngxh~st Kin~cry hnn h~w~n A
~~ftmutif af Gwpmmrnt pnlicy fur ~~nUe
~ame time, `1'he formcr ~r~up uf i~hirk
Africnn eervnnt~, knuwn ee the h~~rn~li~ir,
heve nltempted to hhnke nff the yn~k~~ iif Itirir ~
eecular domination by the M~x?riNh ~M~p�
ulntfon. _
Mony heve fled W Nouekchotl t~~ Iry nnd
build e new tife end dthen? aro trying to
chenge the eituettnn in /he rurei nrrnr, l~ut r~
when the herratine npenly ep~xa+e thri~
furmer ma~ie~a, the etate t~mini~lrntian
end locel mareboute ueuelly rupp~?rt the
Moc~rish population. ~
Meuritanie'e tmmediete fete (s linkccl lo
the Anding of a penret~l rettlcment lo thc
Weslem 3ehare conAict. But tha rnpid nnd
~
profound eocial chengd ot tho {~ut trw
f~
yeers ere likely to be a determining tec~ur in
� ~w.
the poet�war ere. Nothtng will {~e the ~u~me
in Meuritanie;' the saciologiet ndded, "'1'he '
f~tun govemmenb ar~ll hsve to face Ihe
reelitia of a meiniy urben eociety In a~xx~r
underdeveloped' netion where the tu1M ut
the politicalga mp witl be redicelly eltrMd.
'fhe veet urben lumpenproleta~i~t nNdd
either be the besie of a progree~ive rAli~ien)
movement or s utopin� Llamic revivnli~?t Y
phenomrnon etcmg the line~ af the ir~ni~n
revotution." p _ :
COPYRIGHT: 1979 IC`Magazines Ltd
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7
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~ NUMAYEtI, POPULAIt MOVLMI:NTS, E~YP~IAN RELATIANS DI3C~U3SEU
,
' ~gyptian Troops 58id Pree~nC
,4
Pari~ AL-WATAN AL-'ARI',BI in Arabic 27 Apr-3 May 19 pp 27-29
- (IttCerview with BAdr-a1-Din MudaChthar, Ha'th Party Official in Sudan, by _
Badr gl-Na~~: "IIadr-al-Din Mudaththdr: Dunqulnh Turn~ Into Egyptian Mili- `
tary Base To Strike Any Movement Against Numayri ~nd a1-Sadnt; Numayri and =
~gyptian Intelligence Are Planning To Serike Ba'th Pnrty in Sudan; Why
Did Numayri Rai~~ Slogan of Arnb 5olidgrity and Then Aban6on It When ~
Achieved in Beghdad 5ummit; a1-Msar ~Partisans~ Are Enormous National y
~orce; nl-Mahdi I Tried To Liberate Egypt Under Leaderehip of 'Arabi")
u
(Textj BBghded--For the first time in the AraL Africa, an ideological na-
; tionalist party deriving its roots and principles from the Arab East has _
been able to make ita way aawng the Arab masaes ther~, raising the banner
;
' of its unionist call. '
~ This is stated not only by the leaders c~f the Socialist Arab Ba'th Party
in Sudan but ie alse acknowledged by the regime of Sudanese President Ja'far ;
; 'Numayri and by his agencies, which accuae thie parCy'of mobilixing Che Su- ~
danese egainst the regime beceuse these agencies can no longer ignore:this
` parry's role, acCivity and effectiveness. ~
~
On the orcasioe of these "official" Sudane~se accusations, AL-WATAN AL-'ARAHI
'addressed to a leader of the Ba'th Party in Sudan a n~+rober of questions on a
~ the tenuous current situation in this Arab cnuntry, on the regime's poei-
, tion and on the di~tribution of the partis~.ri and nationaliet fortes'on the
s political map. _ _ _
f , . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . .
. ~ . . . ~
i Badr-al-Din Mudaththar, member o� the Ba'th Party Natianal Command who has y
` worked in the genera] field in Sudan and who was one of the first advo- H
: cates'of this party there, has answer~d these questions, defining the posi- ~
s-, tion_and basic starting points of the Sudanese Ba'thists and tha'current t
` Sudanese situation in the wake of President Numayri's alignment with Pre-
. eident_a1.-Sadat and in the light of the transformation of'Sudan inta a base ~
for Egyptian,military aetivities inside Sudan and in`the Africaa and Arab
4 . . . . . . . . . ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ . ~ ~ . ~
~ : area. :
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rc,t~ o~~ ~c t~. us~ orrLY
[Qu~~eionJ The governor of Khartoum hna accus~d the Sociali~t Areb Ba'th
parey in Sudnn of leading Che latest demon~trationa againat Numayri's r~- _
girnQ. Wh~t i~ your reply gnd whar is your viaualizgtion of the siCUation in
Sudan7
~An~w~r] In`faee, ehe gove rnor of Khartoum and other offieials of the Su-
danege reg:m~ have recpntly attribuCed all Che acCs of rpsa,etance and oppo~i-
ti~n, wheth~r in th~ form of studene, worker or vocational serikes or eC the -
level of political and popular moves generally, Co the Socialise Arab
~a' th Perty in Sudari.
'r
In truth~ the oppoeition Co the regime in Sud~n is comprehensive~ The regime
has become fully isolaCed, even from the forces that were at one time mis-
led or ~har believed that 3r was poasible to reform this regLmp.
~gyptign Intelligence and Ba'th Party
[Question~ ~gypCian forces are present in large numbers in Sudan. Do they
take part in Che act of suppressing the opposition? _
(An~werj Previously, since July 1971, tens of Ba'thiats were arreaCed end
kept und~r deCention for long periods. Many of them have been re-arresCed. ~
But the government has nat announced anything in this regaYd. Thie has been ;r
the plan of the Egyptian intelligence~ which believed that announcing the ;
mensures C~1cen against the Ba'th Party in our country or referring to this ~
party's effecti~?enesa will lead to strengthening the party_~n Suden. `n
~
~
Neturally, with the continually escalating struggle of the pgrty, it hae ~
becane impossible for the agencies of Numayri's regime to continue imple-
menting this instruction from the Egyptian intelligence. The Egyptian
intelligence and Numayri's agencies which are linked with them are naw to
suppreas the Ba'th Party by attributing everythieg to this party.
~
T'he facC is that the party is esca2ating its atruggle against Numayri's ~
regime constantly and ceasel~saly. However, it is certain that this party ~
is not the only one in the Sudanese arena. Attributing everything to the
Ba'th Party ia inrended to prepare the way to deal blowa to this party.
The authorities have recently resorted to the arrest of a number of Ba'thists, ;F
progressive nationalists and honorable unionists in the various areas and
ciCies of Sudan~on the pretext of their belonging to the party, of possessing =
its pamphleCs or of taking part in the strikea called for or supported by ~
e
th~ party.
?
[Question] But can the regime and the Egyptian intelligence destroy the ~
party's activities and effectiveneas in Sudan through their acts of aup-
pression?
~
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f
i~
i
r~~ orrrctn~, usL c~Ni.,v
: [AnHw~r] Th~ ehing ~hr~t I wanr to geg~rC now i~ Ch~~ rhe eime ~o uprnot
Ch~ llu'th from the soil of the neCion~?1 sCruggl~ Jn SudUn hns gan~, be-
- ea~~~~ th~ p~r~y'~ rdots havc become deep. '1'he ~drty is the produat nf th~
; gufEer.tng oE rhe ~udnne~e people in thcir. entir~ty nnd Che ouCCOm~ of the
hard lnbor whds~ ~xcruaiaein~ pain hne been ~xperi~nCed by thr nnCional
~truggle m~v~menC.
The p~rC~~ in 5ud~n is now gotng ehrough Che ph~se :SC bdlgtcring iea cohesion
wiCh the mare~s r;1d i5 struggling in ehi~ directions having absnrbed Che
le~gnng o� the entire natinnnl movem~nr since al-rt~hdi's r~vnlur'.on. The
purty is sCruggling ngainst many of rhe flaws and ~ilmente th~t hnve ~tflict-
~d some af the poliCiGn.; �orceg in the 5ud~nese ~renn, such a~ the inclinn-
Cinn to;~~trd exclugivenes~, indi�-idunli~m, custodian~hip ~nd monapolizn-
ttnn of rhe progr~ggive nuCiongllse nctinn.
pngition of N~mayri's Re~ime
[quegtionj Can y~u give us nn idea on the positiun of Preaiden~ Numayri's
regim~ in 5udan at present'? .
(Answer] Sudan is presently ruled by u regime in which Numayri forms every-
' thing, regardless of the regime's esCablishments and institutions. This
regime has lo:t all the ~ustification~ for its continuat~.on and has ex-
hausted all th~ means through which iC has tried to prolong ite 1ife. -
Num~yri has engaged in many games i~ this regurd: The poliC9.cu1 bnlan~e
, game, the regionnl balance game nnd the g~me of peddling the hisroricdl -
relations between Sudan and Egypt. Finally, he is trying td play the
i game of the international balances. He has done all this Co perpetuaCe
his regime, which will inevttably fall.
For example, the game of political balance ended with failure because he
exhausted all the forces that can be used in this game. In 1969, 1970 and
1971, Numayri played on the conflicts of the communists and the Nasirists,
on the division among the comnunists themselves and on th~ con�lict between
all these parties on one hand and some lacal regional soc:alist democrats
; on the other han~i.
~ After 1971, he tried to strike a balance betiween whoever continued to support
` him among those forces on the one hand and the parties of the opposition
! National Front--which included at the time the Nation's [al-ummah~ Party,
~ the Muslim BroCherhood and Che DemocraCic Unianist Party--on the orher hand.
~ Reconciliation with this front was started in August 1971.
i
After 6 years, the reconciliation ~+as able t~ absorb al-Sadiq al-Mahdi and
~ the Musltm Brorherhood only. Instead of turning into an element bolstering ~
i
} the regime, the rc~conciliation--which is part ~f the political balance game
~ --weakened the regime and the Nation's P?rty and has led t~ isalaCing al-
Sadiq al-Mahdi fram al-Ansar masses. This reconriliation has not strengthened '
x
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Ch~ r~gime ~t all, because the regime has eurned i.nto A fire that burne
whoevQr comes close to ~.C, and no force added to Ch~.s x~gin?~ can break .E;i
the igolation surrounding 1.t~
(Quc~ri.onJ Wh~t ig the position of the oCher politicgJ. partias and forcee
in ehe aounrry7
[AnswQr~ The Uemocrat3c Unionigt party--Che party of the tradirional na-
eionnl movemenr--has been abl~ eo make Che correct poeition on d~e side of
th~ other nnCionnl and progregsive �orces to ieolate Che right, represented
by the Nation's Party and the Muslim Brotherhood. The slogan that the
Bn'th ~'arCy hag been ceaseleasly rnising in Sudan since the early 1960's '
calls �ar ehe creation of a broad alliance that includeg th~ national move-
ment (Democratic Unioni.sC Party) and all the national and progreseive for-
ces , {
~
But rhere were numeroue obstecles and many mistakes comrni.tr.ed by aeveral ~
pnrtie~ in rhe nationnl movement--mistakes for which Che Democratic Union- `
ist party and iCs divisiong were not aolely reaponeible. Those mistakes
obstructed the creation of this national alliance at the sCrategic level,
nnd the Nation's Party continued to be presene in the center of Che picture
of the pnlitical atxuggle. '
~
At Che sFUne time, Che national movement as a whole continued to be isolated
from nl-Msar masaee, contrary to our party thaC has always made a diatinc- 4r:
tion berween al-Ansar masses and the Nation's ParCy. We consider al-
Ansttr masses a human storehou~e of the genuine naCional struggle h~ritage
left by al-Mahdi's revolution. The coldnialist plan is the aide that seeka =
to isolate these masses from the rest of the national nav~ment.
This is something in which Che Nation's Party participated fundamentally ~
because Chis party considered itself a custodian over these massea. How-
ever, large segments of this wall began to crack and collapse recently. ;:;;r
Thus, al-Ansar have become closely tied to Che national movement through u.
the camps set up abroad and thxough their coordination with the progressive ~
national and pan-Arab elements in the labor unions and in the fanaers move- ~
ment in Che areas of central Sudan (the White Nile) and in western Sudan. ~
Meanwhile, the semi-feudalist political leadership which used to control ~
these farmers has been isolated. ~
A1-Ansar have rejecCed reconciliation with Numayri because they are strug- ~
glers capable of learning lessons from their previous private experiences.
Bringing this regime to an end has become their central national goal--
a goal which they will not abandon and through which they evaluate everything,
even their traditional leadership. We believe that this is a big gain for
the struggle of the Sudanese people in their entirety and for the future ~
of the political movement in Sudan.
1,3 ~
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. . . . . . s'~&~..!Y`a'amf~~k.mrri.iLr~~~
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~ox o~ric~~, usc oN~Y _
i~ .Il~a ~~~iuiiyl~ ~iriny, he f~i(e~ fnu~,lit f~ir che~rful nltitude nf Ciiven~ment ot~cirile,~
1~1urvx~CU'g liharnllnn frrnn Frn�ce niid Cur there {s n sense of unrenlity, ,
Ihc S~hura'e lih~ruliun frc~m Spnh~, Alinoet nll lho ~~ubHtiinllnl H~~+ll�~
S~~mrhuw }~fn cc>n~l~nt�h~irden~d phy~4i~~ue con!+ln~cted Utiildings (n I;1�Aynun hnvej
~ nnd cru~;ky fcnl~iras yecined c~ul. of plnce un bnen inherited from the Spnni~h nnd bnrbrd
he tniked of Morcx:cnn effarts to crenle n wire nnd nrmed gu~rds encircle the tu~~m,
~elllcd cnmmunily for the 7,U00 n~u~nda The Bou Cr~a phoyphat,: mine with its c~m�
bruubht frnm thc interinr, veyor belt has long euice been ~nbotnged,
~ SInCe ennexntinn, ~he Covem?nent uf Moat well�dressed pro5perous�la~king
Morncco has beem m~king a yuhelnntiul people ~ppenr to be from ~1~e nnrth, und
effort I,o encaurnge the Sehrawi Uedouln to from the amall nutnber of yotu~g ndult mnliw
ndnpt to urban living Lhrough n three�yrnr in the locsl population it aeema that tnnny
1 sedeninriaation prn~rarume (see Businrvs have fled to the Polibario, IIut despite lhrir
~ ,Sectionp 94), poverty, SahrAwi men nnd women po~~e:~~ e
+ Moroccan offlcinls ingist thet the officiels dignified bearing nnd e hec~lthy nppenrnnce.
' guverning the GO,b00 inhebitents of ;lhe Maints(ning the Army costs ftve milliun
f SahE~ran provinces, including pnshas, q~ide dirhams a day and the total bill for nationnl
~ nnd khalifes, are 90 pe'r cent Sahrawi, Tt~e defence ie tak~ng 40 per cent of natiunpl
213 lower�level officials including shnikhe revenue, Locel construction, frce
1
, nnd moyq~dems sre 100 per cent Sahrnwi, hospitalisation and the weekly diatributiutt
F 'fhe three provinces are represent~d in the of food add to the cost.
, Momccen National Assembly by cight Obviously the conAict will have to co~i~e
~ Snhrnwi representatives. to s hend or be negotiated eventunl~v,
~ The Authorities deny thet there is un� Muhammad Fadel Ma el�Ainin, leader nt
~ ernployment, At present 10,000 Sahrn~~i~ the local Iatiqlal Psrty, t+~ld The Midd~e
nre said to be in the Maroccnn Arm~~ n~id East "We only hope that our nelghbot~ne
~ 1,200 are employed at the Bou CrNa will lesve us alone so that we can get on with
; Phosphate mine and port. Yet for all the the development of the Snhara", And no
~ bustle of construction and tk~e resolutely doubt thousands of diapossessed Sahtn~~i,
j whetever their politicnl opinions, ngree, O
,
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~ COPYRIGHT: 1979 IC Magazines Ltd
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p"" r , x.,~a . _,r;c`
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~ _ WEBT~EtN BAHARA
. . . . . ~ . . . . . . . . ;.',Y
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MOROGCAN DL~V~LOPMENT EFFORTS IN 3ANARA NOTED A'
`r
London THL~ MIDDLE EAST in Englfeh'Jun 79 pp 36, 94-95 -
~Article by Louise MacUonald~
~'r~xt] The ~74,000 8ahrawi bedouin~ ~ ~
have become the object of a ~
Moroccan "eedenterieetion pro- ~
g?ramme in ite flght to main�
tain control of the $aharen
' terrftory. spor~ai~ but in- : g r-
~t
creaeingly incieive warfare has ~
mede a virtual no-man'e land of
the territory where they used to
.
roam freely~ grazing their ' ~ j
cemelo. ~Y.
~
. _ _ _
Dcwpite lhe aeri~n~s ramomic ~ Since taking over the Weatem
~lifficutti~ al~rrting; Morocco Sahera, the Govemmen! of ~
Kiny, the Guvrrnment in Rnbet ` Morocoo hae budgetcd and ~
~ iy chunnclling ~ulrstnntiel nums , partielly apent MD~OOmn on k-
~~f mnn~y inW helping Sehrnwi _ conatruction of echoole~
I~rduuin in lhe We~tern 4uhare haepitale, moequee, ' edmini� ~
t,~ ndjust tn urban living. etretivr buildinge~ market~ :
~ roode' end weter suppliee in
I'I~e gedenlsriaatinn uf lhe
PA,tJ00 r~,mnds uf the Momccen- ' towne which hnve been : ;r;~
~x�cu~ii~~f Suhara hay becynne e designated es~~capitale ~ot the
ncc:~~9i~y for `Mur~x:co in lhe threeSeheren provincee .
El�Ayoun hee become e city '
enntinuing hit�end�run wer ,
I~elw~~en Mun~cren lnx~pe end u~ traneitinn. In every direction ~ ~
I`uliwrio bn~crrillae, which hes _ cindtt blocke aro rieing L~Eo `
_ walls, tmported cement ie being s,
Ixwn ca~ala~in~c nul unly in. ~e
poured and psint ~pplied. The
d~ert but inaide the bdrdera ot I Covernor oE E1~Ayoun pe~m?ince~ , .
htorocrn itaelf. Slimane Haddad~ believes, that
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_ _ _ . 51 t..
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FOR OPFICIAL 'USE ` ONLY _ ,
, _ . , ~ . _ , n. , . . - x.. , . _ . ~,.~~xn
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~ _
~
y
~ ro~ o~~zc~A~, us~ oNLY
~ ~
"in Chr~~ ye8r~ eim~ y~u won'g r~eogni~~ ehis r~wn. We ~r~ Chinking nbout
~ccompii~hmene~ r~r.h~r rhan pnliCic~ r~,~he now."
Th~ ci~y'~ MD20mn ly~~~, with 30 cln~~roam~, eighe gci~nce lnboratoriee and
250 bed~, wili b~ ready ~n nctob~r. ~our mor~ echanl~ nnnei~~ing 70 pref~b-
; ricated cla~srnom~ importpd from ~ranc~ wi~.1 u1,~n apen i~n Oct~ob~~, as well
ue two of 35 clag~re~oms ~~ch in Bou~dor and Smgr~~
Under rhe Spani~h Pror~~tnrate 1,774 3ahraw~ pupil~ w~r~ in primary and
eeeond~ry echool~; now ~ rota], o� 6,849 ar~ aCC~i~ding boCh prim~ry and
- second~ry ~choals. One ehird of th~aee are girl~~
According to Hnddad, the most gerloug probl~m cnnfronring ehe authorieies
; in establishing an infrnstructure for th~ n~wly-eedent~rised inhabitenCS ie
providing drinking w~e~r. Lncally-nva3labLe waC~r ie salry and the habitat
of drinking rain water eollected in poalg on eh~ ground 'a~g cauged chronic
inte~tin~l problems amnng Che populaCion for generneiong,
Lately MD7mn has been epenC on exploring for eweer wat~r and ~~v~ral w~lls -
have been located in the viciniCy of both EL-Ayoun and Sm~ra. Piping waCer
from the Foum el-Oued 20km north of E1-Ayoun has cogt Md10mn and anoCher
MD100mn ie going into sewage Creatment and disposal there, ittcludittg con-
veying aeweg~ 25km to the ocean.
At l~uuin ~~1 (lu~~d irriguled ."it ~nny br hntd to ~;ct them
lnnd nnd ~~In~tir yli~~1~ pro� out of Irnla, but nnce lhey havc
t~~ctii~u ~~t~~n~~ fn~m Ihe ~r.crt enj~~yrd the cc,mfurtr of a house T
nun urc NnK~ucing rru}~ nf thcy ��on't give it up", a
tumxl~x~s, ~x?t~~t~xx~., r~N~r~ettcn, ~tnr~~rr~i~ hc~uringo~iciel safd, -
c~rm nnd tnint in incrca~sing R~~�idrnta of the cum~geted
qunnlitic~. A brnnd new iton rhnntyto~~~tu thnt hnve
dc!~~llin~Iti~~11 ~~lnnl nl I~~Uji~~it i9 spru~~g up nrounc~ h:I~A~~nun nnd
pumpin~; ?.~i0 ~u.m of walcr n Smntn ~rc to L�ild their own
dny for n~x?pulnti~?n af 3,000. hnmes wi~h mntcrinle provided
Sume ~+1D3(lmni~Uringepent by the Crn~ernmcnf. 'I'he pro�
un cx~,nn~iing ~hc L~cX1km uf r~,ad jected infrnatn~Nurr fnr 4261ot~
inherited from the Spaniah in FI�A~~nan aill rn+t Mn3.6mn
Prut~rturnle, fi~r w~hich 3,000 nnd aill includc n'it~rki~h beth,
vchirle~ ~re licci~.�ed in the twv lnr~;e o~~ens, a diapenxtiry,
sauthrrn ~~r~n�inccw. A railn,nd mcteyue nnd Rhapping rentre.
betw~ccn ;~inrrnkcsh nnd El- Hc~pitnl fncilitir~ nre provided
A~�~~un ia under etudy and an free nnd thrrn i~ a deycAre
eir{x~ct ia plnnned fur i3onjdor. centm Wr emnU children,
Iiou~ce ve tenfe: 'i'huugh ln n pmject ~~lnnned for the -
Snhrnwi brdrn~in hm�c tended to to~r uf Smnrn, hou:=ca will be
prrfer their namndic life in the ~pecinll~~ de~i~,~ud fi~r phasrc!
npem, thry nre hrinb successfully adeplntion te ~cdrntnry life. A
lurcd to to~~r ~~�ith affera of free three�mom hnu~e eccom�
land, clcctrirify, m~eiloble water m~x~ntin~ nn m�crntie family of .
and mnterinl~ to build wifh. eight {xrr~m~ aill ru~~~ort t: �o
\'erdy fnmilies nre ~iven com� di~tinct life etyle~.
plete housing. Onc ride aill ~~ffer e rure)
~ettin~; ~~~ith a nnvl~�i~rd tectng
52
FOR OFFICIA: USE ONLY
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100074405-8
~
, -
FbR OFFICIAL t15~ ONLY
,f
F
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ -
. . . . . . ~
iin n~irn r~~~~i~~e In nfmulnl~ the rquipment hes ruetkd Prnm
~I~~~~~rl,'t'l~r rnrlrwrd yurd will be dieuhe and the 100km cdnveyo~
I~~r~;~~ ~~n~ni ~h tn are~,imn~Klnle e Uelt hn~ bcen eabotaged.
` ~ii~nll rfuc~~ af unimnle nl~mg At p~eecnt t he c~ude
�itl~ Ihe lrnd111une1 lcnl. `I'hc pha~phnt~ n~ck {e brought by F:~
l~uuae ~vlll fnca unln a e(tY�tYpe truck ~o theport end nnly 30,000 `'7
~Imet w(th n~~rmal Irn~ic, ln lone were ehipped in the flra~
thly w~iy, ~�r~�?~t~,~~r~~,~ r~~~~~riy quarte~ of 1979. dne difflcutt `
enn ~;ru~lu~~lly m~~ve fnim the factnr te tha! no in+uranc~ of eny
I~ml intn the hnuHe, wilh Ihe kincf ir availnbte in the Saha~a. ,
trnl i~~~nnin(ng nvnilable nenrl~y Hawever, Mnroccen ,ofYiciale ~
nnd ~~mvi~ing nd~litinn~~l living ~xiint uut thnt tl~e r~~rn~er of+
.~~?nre, I~lu~t,hute et I~w Crnn nre '_rt
M~?nkrnn uf(irinle rinim thnt r~~uivnlent to unly uf
uncrnployment due~ nut exigl in ~IunKr~n nntinnnl r~~vcrve~, o~
the three provincea, A~ prcarnt Cuneumar guudd: neripltr
10,0(10 Sehrnwis nre auid ta ~Q in the clepr~~ed elnte nf tho
thc MuroCeon ~rmy nnd 1,200 t~h~~vphnte ii~duatry the free� a
nre etnpl~~yed et the F3c?u Crna z~mr r+tntue nf F;i�Ay~~un rcginn f~
ph~r~phnfe mine nnd part. mrnny thNt r~hups nrr rrnmmcd ; t~
Nxli~nel Promotion is pnying frr~m flcwr to c~iling with .
MD20 an hour tn 3,000 people in inrrchnnciiae im~x,nrd fnnn ~
houying con~truc~ion nnd I~:ur~?po vin the Cnnnry 1�In~~~ie,
- eevrrai thnusnnd more work i~~ A Inr~o 22�h~ch Crundig
lh e l n c n l n d m i n i~ t r
a t l o n, calour teieviaion get roste
'i'he new tl~hing port nt Mn~1~600 in : t~:l�Ayoun and
Tnrfeye, rcheduled fur wuutd acll for 90"'~ more then E i~
immed(ete completion, cost the thet in Ttnbat. �Jnpanese art~ ere ;;N
atete MD134mn and devetop� much cheaper. ~veryune in the
mrnt ef en important part at ~1� cfly neems to be rnrrying n rm~+ll
Ayoun nnd one at E3uujdnr will criculutor and we~ring n
aterl eoon. ht~nci~mo im~x~~ted wntch,
'fhese new porte, _to be Shop�nwner~, who rr,~k~ri lhat x
cyui~iped with frrnzing and buqine~ is linarishing, may be
rnnning facililies, will provide Sehrawi but nre mc~re oftcn
extensive employment in what immigranta frum the north, fre� ~
r
qhould pruve to be e mwt pro� " yucntly Spnnish�spec~king from ~
miaing fishin~ induatry, in view ifni, Nedor and Melille, ~
of the fect thet cold Seharen Officials May thet 3ahrawis who
had invested mon in the ,
watrr~ cnntein an est{mated
t.7mn tona of sardines among ' Cnn~uy islends hxve repatrieted ~
ebundant end veried're~ources MDGOmn. ~
nf fi~h. The shops' cvstomera are ~
:
in twntrest, phosphate pra maytly lhc Moroccon army who
duction L+ jubt tirking over. The fill cammercial airline fiighta W, :
Speniah were pcoducing 7mn ~ A~:ci~ir nt ~crrk~�u~l. ~~ith itrmN ~
tons a year from their ultre� Iw?u~;l~t nt p~irc~ fnr Ina~~r tluui
m~ern mine by the:end of the ~1~~MC in Ihc m~nh ~~~h~~rr i~~~~~~rl
Protertorate end wers eiming dutic;s ri~e na hi~;h ~~y 1t~',,'1'0 -:}'F
forannuni output of lOmn tone. nvuid Ir~rvcl lhmu~;l~ Ihc ~x~rilun.r "
The mines are ~ow under 66~o n~~~mnn'g~innd uf thc d~w~~rt,
, Mornccen ownership but ahap~x~r~ fnnn h1u~~ritnnin I,~ke
Moroccnn negotietions with the n b~~ul t~ M:I~Ayoun. ; ~
j Spanish conceming operetion F~w?~ itenu im~M~rt~~i Guiii ihv - Y
and owncrship of the minee ('.anfiry islnnda nre n~~t ~~x�
have taken two years, during _ ~xr~.~ive. Rrcf i.q rievrrnl dirhnmN ~
which time much of the jetty lcas ~xpenqivc thnn in Rnlmt,
.
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
_~..F...._~,~.~~~~. ,y _.~_.x_..~ .a~ . a~___ ~ _ ,~w..~.~_~Y ~ ~-~~...,.~,r:~
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100070005-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100074405-8
~ : , ~
, ~ ~
i` : FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ~
-
~
~ _ :
' ; bu't vc~olnhlcp iira riir~ i~nd ~iP
' F` h~~r yunlity.'I'ha ~~rr~~i~lenrt~ nf =
~ ~jIH1IA II1tIICf1Il'N II111I Illl' ~nhrnwf
. dlet` Ie alill lmNe~l iq~m milk, '
t cheeae nn~i guut mrnt~ :i
; 'I'he M~ir~~ecm~ fiuvrrnuuml
, h~s et~~red quiuilitlCS of rli~~~l~
f~xxly (nrluding ull, fl~u~, rir~~
j and nugn~ fur werkly diN~ A
tributlun nmung nrrdy Snhr~nvi
- fi~n~Iliee, whr,ge ndull mnlra muy x
r: be tn the rrfugea cnmp nt 3
f Tindnuf or with th~~ Pnliaerin,
' 1n ell, Moruccn'e "rr~ ~
cupcr~~tion" ef lhe Snhnrn huN ~
proved tn be n cc~.ally nnd, au fnr~ ~
~ not very rewnrding venlurn, n '
; burden the cnunfay rnn ill nffi~r~1
in it~ preeent ec~nnmic stnte, r
; _ ~
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, COPYRIGHTs 1979 IC Magazines Ltd ;
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f cs~: 4420 ~
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~:i.~:a:m~.:~-.,-..e....,~.at.-~;.:.~,%T:i:i,c,,..:~y4'I..~K,.~~4fi�~n�+,. .-t. ..,.,.~;,+~~:~4,--~-.,. .