JPRS ID: 8756 WORLDWIDE REPORT NARCOTICS AND DANGEROUS DRUGS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000200020013-3
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 64
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 13
• Content Type: REPORTS

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8 NOVEM6ER i979 CFOUO 47l79~ i OF i
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JPRS L/8756 -
8 Nov~mber 1979
Woridwide Re ort
p
~
NARCOTICS AND DANGEROUS DRUGS
(FOUO 47/79)
_
FB~$ FOR~IGN BROAD~AST INFORMATION SERVICE
FOR OFF[CIAL USE ONLY
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~ NOTE
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transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
- other characteristics retained.
Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[J are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt) in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing ~ndicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.
Unfamiliar names rendered phonetica~ly or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques- `
~ tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
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- Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
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_ JPR5 L/8756
8 November 1979
WORLDWIDE REPORT
~IARCOTICS AND DANGEROUS DRUGS
(FOUO 47/79) _
CONTENTS PAGE
ASIA ~
AFGHANISTAN
~ Briefs
= Opium, Morphine Seized 1 =
BURMA
Briefs ~
Tachilek Arrests 2 =
Kalaw Arrest 2
Mogok Arrest Z -
INDIA
_ Mansaur: W~iere Opium Trail Ends ~
(THE STATESMAN, 11 OcC 79) 3
Briefs -
Opium Crop 5
Ganja Seized 5
. MALAYSIA
Surprise Raid on 36 Stores in Pahang Nets Large Quantity of
Dangerous Drugs
(KIN KWOK DAT.LY NEWS, 16 Aug 79) 6
. Rice Merchants Cha.rged in Suspected $400,000 Opium Sale
(KIPI KWOK DAILZ NEWS, 21 Aug 79) 7
Customs Bureau P1ans Anti-Smuggling Police Dog Team
(SIN CHF~'W JIT POH, 27 Aug 79) 8
- a - [III - WW - 13~ FOUO]
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CONTENTS (Continued) Page
PAKISTAN
Briefs
Charas Recovered From Canadian 10
Opium Seized 10
Charas, Opium Seized 10
Charas in Chagi 10
Huge Opium Haul 11
SRI I~ANKA
Briefs
Smugglers Using Passports 12
~ THAILAND
Thonburi Heroin Ring E.roken, Amnesty Described
(BAI3 MUANG, 21, 22 Jul 79) 13
Police Seize Ringleaders
Amnesty Procedure Explained
Australian Defendants Confess Heroin Smuggling Attempt ~
(Neil Kelly; ~i~HE COURIER-MAIL, 4 Sep 79) 17
Brief s
Officer Fired 18
Raw Opium Seized 18
- CANADA
Less Heroin, More Marihuana Reported in Montreal
_ (Andre Cedilot; LA PRESS, 21 Sep 79) 19
Briefs
Montreal Drug Seizure 22
EAST EUROPE
BULGARIA ~
Briefs
Successes Against Drug Smuggling 23
HUNGARY. .
Budapest Resident Receives Hashish Frcmi Pakistan -
(NEPSZAVA, 20 Oct 79~ 24
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CONTENTS (Continued) Page -
YUGOSLAVIA
Heroin Smuggling Increasing on Yugoslav Borders
(Tihomir Nesic; POLITIKA, 19 Sep 79) 25
LATIN AMERICA
ARGENTINA
Argentine-Paraguayan Border Drug TrafFic is Sub~ect of Alarm
(Various sources, 12, 20 Sep 79) 26 �
Prefect Tognola Describes Situation, Editorial
Mexican Newspaper Comments, by Gregorio Selser
COLOMBIA ~
Colombian Minister Criticizes U.S. Dc~mestic Narcotics Controls
, (AFP, 25 Sep 79) 30
High Government Officials Accused of Drug Trafficking
(EFE, 21 Sep 79) 31
COSTA RICA
Briefs
. Venezuelans, Marihuana Seized 32
ECUADOR
Briefs
Drug Traffickers' Arrest 33
JAMAICA
Brief s
Arms, Drugs Seized 34
MEXICO
Briefs
Police Tipped on Marihuana 35
Tr.affickers Battle Police 35 -
Bribed Prison Guards Held 36
Heroin Traffickers Hunted 36
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CONTENTS (Continued) Page -
PANAMA
- Brief s
Cocaine Traffickers' Arrest 3~ _
- Cocaine Seizure 37
PERU
Briefs
_ Drug Traff3.ckers Arrested 38
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
Briefs -
Marihuana Seized at Airport . 39 .
NEAR EAST AND NORTH AFRICA _
ISRAEL
Briefs -
_ Heroin Seized 40
WESTERN EUROPE
AUSTRIA
- Briefs
Growing Drug Abuse Noted 41 -
Heroin Dealers Arrested 41
DENMARK
Newspapers Report Drug Arrest, Trials
(Editorial Report) 42
FRANCE
Briefs
Drugs Seized at Orly Airport 43
' ITALY
Health Minister Explains Controlled Distribution of Heroin
_ (IL MONDO, 14~Sep a9) 44
Opinions on Plan To Control Heroin Uistribution
- (Enzo Iacopino; IL SETTIMANALE, 19 Sep 79) 47
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CONTENTS (Continued) Page
- Support for Altissim~`s Plan To Control Heroin Distribution ~
(Mario Pirani; L'EUROPEO, 13 Sep 79) 52
Milan To Open First Aic~ Station for Drug Addicts
- (Augusto Pozzoli; CORRIERE DELLA SERA, 26 Sep 79)....... 54
TURKEY
Briefs
- Hashish Seized 56
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- AFGHANISTAN
BRIEFS
OPIUM, MORPHINE SEIZED--More than 218 kilograms of opium and over 60 kilograms
of morphine, with a total value of 30 million Afghanis, were seized tod~y by
officials of the antismuggling d~partment at Paghman ~unction. The case has
been turned over to proper authorities for legal action. The vehicle casry-
_ ing the above narcotics was on its way from Kabul to Qandahar. [Text] [Kabul ~
Domestic Service in Cari 1600 GMT 7 Oct 79 GF]
CSO: 5300
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Bux~~,
BRIEFS
TACHILEK ARRESTS--Tachilek, 24 September--The off icials of the Customs
Department of Tachilek township, while patrolling near the spirit houses
~ in the vicinity of Tale village yesterday, searched Daw Swei Lan of
Ward No 4, Lashio, who was xiding the Mong Hpayak-Tachilek passenger
jeep, and seized nine packages of brown heroin powder, weighing about
2 kilos 4 mgs, hidden in a falsra bottom of a honey jar. The Myoma
_ police have taken action under Sections 6(B), 7(B) and 10 (B) [of the
Narcotic Drugs Law]. SW/ [Text] [Rangoon LOKTHA PYEITHU NEZIN in
Burmese 3 Oct 79 p 4 BK]
KALAW ARREST--Heho, 1 October--In a gesture to support "Project.Galon
18/79," Raid Party No 2 led by U Aye Myint and Sub-Inspector of Police -
U Htan Za Nan, under the leadership of the Kalaw Township party unit and
under the supervision of the township people's council, searched the peo-
ple at Kalaw railway station and seized from Maung Tha Myint of Kalaw, who
- was travelling to Thazi, nine balls of cooked opium weighing 4.5 viss
[1 viss equals 3.6 lbs]. Maung Tha Myint testified that he was asked to
carry the o.pium by U Zaw Min Than of U-min ward. Action has been taken
against both of them under Sections 6(B), 7(B) and 10 (B) [of the
Narcotic Drugs Law]. SW/ [Text] [Rangoon LOKTI~A PYEITHU NEZIN in
Burmese 3 Oct 79 p 5 BK]
MOGOK ARREST--Mogok, 28 September--Acting on information, U Tun Nyo,
executive of the Mogok Township People's Council, accompanied by ward
people's councillors and members of the people's police force, searched
the house of 50-year old Daw Swe ia Panma Kyaukthabeik ward, West Mogok,,
on 26 September and seized a package of raw opium weighing 1 viss [1 viss
equals 3.6 lbs] and also a small package of opium weighin~ .5 tical [100
ticals equal 1 viss] hidden in the wall. Action was taken against Daw
Swe under Sections 6(B) and 11 (B) [of the Narcotic Drugs Law]. SW/
[Text] [Rangoon BOTATAUNG in Burmese 8 Oct 79 p 6 BK] ~
CSO: 5300
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INDIA
MANSAUR: WHERE OPIUM TRAIL ENDS
Calcutta TYE STATESMAN in English 11 Oct 79 p 10
[Text] Mansaur, Oct 10--Interpol has been able to trace only a few
cases of opium smuggling in other parts of the globe to Mansaur, the
world's largest poppy growing area. Mansaur, in Madhya Pradesh adjoin-
ing the Rajasthan borc?er, remains a puzzle for those following the opium
trail right up to the''morphine converting factories in Europe. By
official accounts, an"astonishing sum of Rs 13 crores was-disbursed to
- 86,000 cultivator5 who grow poppy plants on 23,287 hectares under
Government licence.
But underworld reports claim that Mansaur easily exports about Rs 5 crores
of opium annually through illicit channels. Officials suspect that the
international link is maintained through the Mogha checkpost on Punjab's
border with Pakistan and the southern connexion which takes Mansaur
opium to Madurai and Hyderabad and then to 5ri Lanka.
Mansaur opium has been found in Gujarat and Rajasthan,but it is believed
that this may largely be for domestic consumption. However some offi-
cials question the veracity of intelligence reports which attribute the
presence of opium from Mausaur in Delhi and Pun~ab to the increased con-
sumption of hard drugs by university students.
With several links missing in the opium trail, authoritie~s claim to have
reason to believe that morphine factories exist in India, though only
one has been found (at Varanasi) so far.
Sourc.es say a good deal of the opium leaves the country. Officials dis-
close~~i that there were 10 to 15 top smugglers in the country dealing in
opium and all of them are depend on supplies from Mansaur though Uttar
Pradesh and Rajasthan also grow poppy. One smuggler has been able to
give Mansaur its international stature. The opium he supplies carries
a crescent and a star and, it is claimed, this mark is respected the
world over. The smuggler is based at Mansaur and is the owner of
property worth half a crore.
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There is another smuggler. at Mansaur. Formerly the owner of a cycle
repair shop, today he has lakhs of rupees. There are many others like
him, and the owner of a tea shop put it, "Here anyone who has made
more than 3 Zakhs has some time or the other been in the business."
This is not hard to believe since the authorities suspect that opium
is pilfered from every village that grows it. The allegation that all
villagers are smugglers may not be wholly true, but the price offered
by smugglers (Rs 900 to Rs 1,200 a kg) is far more than the Government
price (Rs 140 to 200 a kg).
CSO: 5300
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IND IA
BRIEFS ~
- OPIUM CROP--New Delhi, 17 Oct (AFP)--India, the largest opium producing
country in the world, has cur.tailed its production by 20 percent this year.
A press report here today said that the production had been cut in view~
of the s?ackness in demand in the world markets �or morphine which is an
extract of opium. The area under cultivation for next crop had thus b een
reduced from 50,000 hectares to 40,000 hectares, it said. This year India
was estimated to have exported opium worth 120 million rupees or about $15
million. Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan, all of them in the
north, are the major opium growing states in the country. [Hong Kong AFP
" in English 1232 GMP 17 Oct 7S BK]
vANJA SEIZED--Dimapur airport security officials seized 48 kg of ganj a,
valued at about Rs 28,000, last week, according to an off icial report
received in Kohima on Tuesday.--UNI [Text] [Calcutta THE STATESMAN
in English 25 Sep 79 p 9]
S0: 5300
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MALAYSIA
SURPRISE RAID ON 36 STORES IN PAHANG NETS LARGE QUANTITY OF'DANGEROUS DRUGS
Kuala Lumpur KIN KWOK DAILY NEWS in Chinese 16 Aug 79 p 7
[Article: "Ministry of Public Health Launches Anti-Corruption Operation"]
[Text] Kuala Lumpur, 15 August--The Ministry of Public Health has
confiscated toxic drugs totaling 4,800 Malaysian dollars in value from
16 stores in Pahang State.
Ministry of Public Health Inspector General Dr Dan-si-li-la-re-a-mo Nuo-ting
Ltransliteration] today revealted that law enforcemen~ personnel from the
Public Health Ministry's Drug Section, assisted by police, carried out an
anti-corruption operation which resulted in the seizure of 183 kinds of
dangerous drugs.
He said that during last week's 2-day operation, a total of 18 pharmacies
which had not applied for Licenses as required by the 1952 Narcotics Law
were inspected. .
Dan-si-li-la-re-a-mo explained that these drugs, which include items sur.h
as antibiotics and cortisone, car~z produce serious and dangerous side effects
if misused.
He added that if these drugs are taken withoat the guidance of specialized
physi~ians, serious reactions could result.
In view of this factor, the distribution of inedicines requires ample know-
ledge regarding symptoms, proper dosage quantities, timing of use, contra-
indications, and the effects of reactions in cases in which the user has an
_ allergy or unusual physical condition. ~
_ The insp ector general said that the Ministry of Public Health will closely
- scrutinize~the sale of toxic drugs, and Chinese pharmacies which don't have
licenses will not be allowed to sell drugs of this category.
He said that anyone who violates the 1952 Narcotics Law will be prosecuted.
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MALAYSIA
, RICE MERCHANTS CHARGED IN SUSPECTED $400,000 OPIUM SALE
Kuala Lumpur KIN KWOK DAILY NEWS in Chinese 21 Aug 79 p 12
[Text] Kuala Lumpur, 20 August--Rice merchants Huang Shijia [7806 0013 0163]
and his wife Zhang Naijiao [1728 0035 1293], both Chinese citizens, went on
- trial today in the local superior court for the sale of more than 79 kg of ~
raw opium valued at 400,000 Malaysian dollars. Before this case went to
trial, co-defendent Zhang Naijiao indicated that sh~e would not be able to
participate due to ill health. However, after undergoing a diagnostic
examination by a court-appointed physician, she was pronounced fit to
- stand trial. The judge thereupon opened the trial.
The complaint against the two defendents is as follows: (1) Huang Shijia, _
47 years old, is a rice dealer. (2) Zhang Naijiao is 41 years old. The
two are a married couple. It is alleged that at 2:45 pm on 12 January of
the year before last, at Number 179, Re-lan-ban [transliteration] Section, -
- Hua-lian [transliteration] Garden, Jiu-ba-sheng [transliteration] Road,
they illegally sold an amount of raw opium totaling 79.159 kg, in violation
of Article 39(B) of the Dangerous Drugs Statute.
9292
CSO: 5300
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MALAYSIA
CUSTOMS BUREAU PLANS ANTI-SMUGGLING POLICE DOG TEAM
Kuala Lumpur SIN i;HEW JIT POH in Chinese 27 Aug 79 p 4
[Article: "Effort to Curb Penang's International Narcotics Traffic
Obstructed by Lack of Suitable Location for Headquarters Station"]
- [Text] Malaysia News Agency, Penang, 26 August--The Customs Bureau Anti-
Smuggling Section plans to set up a police dog team for the purpose of
curbing the international narcotics traffic which transits Penang, but
this plan is being held up because authorities have heen unable to find
a suitable location at which to base the proposed unit.
The Anti-Smuggling Section's Northern District Supervisor A-mo-a-du-la
[transliteration] today told reporters that this plan requires a station
located in a nonresidential area, with at least half an acre of open space
adjoining the building.
He said that although an anti-smuggling police dog team is urgently needed
at Ke-liu-bai [transliteration] Airport for narcots reconnaissance, the
- unit cannot go into operation for want of a headquarters building and an
adjacent vacant lot.
Since the recent confiscation of 3 million Malaysian dollars' worth of
heroin by officials at the airport, this need has become even more obvious.
Customs officials discovered the heroin by chance when they noticed a
strange odor emanating from an unlocked briefcase.
The supervisor said that the state government has proposed several sites,
but in every case they are either too close to residences or not suitable
for maintaining dogs.
He is presently considering a half-acre tract on Wu-ting-ni [transliteration]
Road, which is the most suitable location.
However, the state government has already given this piece of land to the
police for their future use. .
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The Customs Bureau people have asked the police whether or not they would
sell the land, and are now awaiting an answer.
. The district supervisor pointed that two of the six specially trained
customs police dogs currently being used in narcotics detection activities -
in Kuala Lumpur could be stationed in Penang after a kennel is set up there.
1'hese dogs are commanded by people who have received special training abroad.
The supervisor said, "We need to find a huilding in an uncrowded area to
- properly set up these dogs and their masters."
If a suitable location including a vacant lot can be found, the authorities
would be willing to lease it.
The supervisor said that these dogs are of the best quality for narcotics
detection activities at any airport.
Without the dogs, customs officials can only arbitrarily select baggage for
thorough~search.
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PAKISTAN -
~I ~
~
BRIEFS -
CHARAS RECOVERED FROM CANADIAN--Railway Customs on Thursday recovered
5,000 grams of charas from the luggage of a Canadian national, Roces
Dellavle, who was to leave for New Delhi by train. While his luggage was
being examined, Dellavle left tfie counter and disappeared. [Text] [Lahore
THE PAKISTAN TIMES in English 22 Sep 79 p 8]
OPIUM SEIZEB--More than 70 maunds of opium valued at Rs. 30 crore in
the international market was seized by the customs authorities at Torkham
this morning. The consignment was said to be more than double the pre-
vious record haul in the Indo Pakistan Sub-Continent. A Karachi-bound
truck was carrying wheat and in between its double flooring 400 bags of
opium containing seven kilas each were found hidden. The driver of the
truck has been arrested. [Text] [Lahore THE PAKISTAN TIMES in English
.1 1 Oct 79 p 5]
CHARAS, OPIUM SEIZID--The Peshawar Crimes Branch Police, has seized 21
maunds of charas and 20 seers of opium in an operation near Khairabad on
the G.T. Road. Police sources said, that t1:e sei2:tre was,~made from Mazda
car No. RAN-1371 and its three occupants namely Fazai nussain, Abdur
Rehman, and Master Bilore Khan have been arrested. The contraband opium
and charas was reportedly being smuggled out to different parts of Pun~ab
for transportation abroad. [Text] [Peshawar KHYBER MAIL in English ~
4 Oct 79 p 6]
CHARAS IN CHAGI--The Civil Administration' district Ctxagi, lightning raid
has recovered 25 maunds of opium and charas from Kalangur Checkpost in
district Chagi Saturday. Official sources told APP that the Political
Agent, Ghagi Mr Khuda Dad Khan superv3.sed a raid by Levies and a truck
loaded with bricks and on search the contraband charas worth about rupees
one crore was recovered. Further investigations are underway. [Text]
[Peshawar KHYBEP. yfAIL in English 1 Oct 79 p 1]
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fNCl: OYIUM NAUI.--T{ie customs authorities of Torkham, on the Pak-
Afghan border, Sunday made the biggest ever haul of opium in country's
history and seized 2828 kilograms of the contraband intoxicant from an
Afghanistan bound truck. The opium, packed in 404 bags of seven kg each
were concealed in secret cavities of the foreign registered truck, laden
with wheat provided by the United States to Afghanistan under the World
Food Prograrmne. [TextJ [Peshawar KHYBER MAIL in English 1 Oct 79 p 1J
_ CSO: 5300
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SRI LANKA
BRIEFS
SMU~~t~LERS USING PASSPORTS--Colombo, Oct 9--The Government of India has
alerted Sri Lanka about an organised gang of hashish and opium smugglers
who were reported to be using Sri Lankan passports to ~;.ass the Indo-
Pakistan border, according to Mr Newton Samarasinghe, Controller of Immi-
gration and Emigratian. He said he a;~d the Deputy Inspector-General,
Mr R. Sur~iaralingam, had been asked by the Defence Ministry to ascer- -
tain from the Commissioner of Indian Narcotics Board whether they had
any specif ic cases where Sri Lankan nationals had been suspected of
involvement in smuggling. [Text] [Madras THE HINDU in English 10 Oct 79
P ~J -
CSO: 5300
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THAILAND
THONBURI HEROIN RING BROKEN, AMNESTY DESCRIBED
Police Seize Ringleaders
Bangkok BAN MUANG in Thai 21 Jul 79 pp 1, 2
[A shorter report on this item also appeared in JPRS L/8631, 22 Aug 1979,
(FOUO 35/79) of this series p 25]
[Text] A major heroin processing outfit in Thonburi was raided and over 66
million baht's worth of heroin was confiscated; the owner was dressed in a -
- colonel's uniform, and his business contacts were once sentenced for life
under Section 17 on a charge of narcotics trafficking, but claimed to liave -
~ served their sentences. All were apprehended following a chaotic chase.
Having been informed of a heroin processing outfit in a three storey building
_ at 17/59 Christchak Lane, Charansanitwong Avenue in Bangkokyai District, Police
Lt Col Nukhun Somathat, Tha Phra police station chief inspector, ordered a
one-month observation by an informant until it was known that there would be
a meeting between the building owner and an accomplice on July 20. Therefore,
on tl~e same day Col Nukhun, along with Maj Anek Chiawsamut, Capt Suppatnit
Yhromphayak, a suppression officer, 2d Lt Liinchuai Chaemchukun, a duty officer,
as we~ll as several other police officers, set up an ambush from the beginiiing
of the lane to the above mentioned building.
At 1400 hours, a blue Toyota Corona with a license number 9 KH 8275, as had
been reported and recorded by the police, came from the beginning of the lane.
It carried a man clad in a uniform worn by a special colonel commanding
territorial defense cadets, resembling a senior mil.itary officer, called the
"fat battalion." He was immediately apprehended and searched as soon as he got
out of his car to enter the building.
The man in unifrom.was Competely taken by surprise. He told the police that
his nanie was Sa-nguan Chiwathammaiion, 42 years old, and that he was a tenant
_ of the building. After searching the building, the police discovered three
persons busily processing the heroin. They were Mr Khwan Thapchan, a 23-year -
old from Rayong Province; Miss Nit Luengcharoen, a 19-year old from Sisaket
Province; and P4r Suwan Sinsombat, 23 years old. The police found 30 kilograms
of processed grey-powder heroin worth 660,000�Baht in Thailand, and about 66
million Baht on the U.S. market. Over 20 items of heroin-processing equipment
were also found.
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~
_ Meanwhile, a brown Datsun 120-Y, carrying a man and a woman arriving at the
building but sped away upon seeing the police. Col Nukhun immediately ordered
a chase, while radioing Bangkoknoi police to stop the car heading their way.
- Bangkoknoi police apprehended the occupants of the car and later remanded ~
them to Tha Phra police.
Following an investigation the police discovered that the occupants of the '
Datsun, license number 1 K-4755, were Mr Somphong Sae Lim u5ing a Lao name
Thao Sanit, 39 and Mrs Phanit Sit-Ari. 40, who was sentenced to life im-
prisonment in 1965 under Section 17 on a charge uf narcotics dealing, she said
she was in prison for 11 years but was later granted amnesty. The police
searched both occupants and found a small amount of heroin and several tens of
thousands of baht in cash [on Phanit], and 150,~0~0 Baht in cash and a 1977
amnesty certificate issued by the prison on Mr Sa-nguan. _
Col Nukhun later disclosed that an initial charge of danger to sdciety
will be brought against Mr Sa-nguan and Mr Suwan, heroin producers, running
the show as well as against r4r Somphong or Thao Sanit and Mrs Phanit. A
separate charge will be brought against Mr Khwan and Miss Nit since they were
simply employees.
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r.,.,,~^` ~ ~ ~ S: .,i -
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[Top photo left to right] Somphong Saelim (Thao Sanit), Mias Nit Leuangchareon, -
Khwan Thapchan, Suwan Sinsombat [Bottom left] Phant Sit-Ari [Bottom
right] Sa-nguan Chiwathamanon
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_ Amnesty Procedure Explained
Bangkok BAN MUANG in Thai 22 Jul 79 pp 1, 2
[7'c~xt] Following a raid to break up a heroin ring led by Polir.e Lt Col
Nuktiun SomatFiat, Thu Phra police station chief inspector, a three atorey
, building at 17/59 Christchak Lane, Charansanitwong Avenue, Tha Phra Sub-
_ District of Bangkokyai District in Bangkok at 1400 hours, Friday, July 20,
Mr Sa-nguan or Nguan Chiwathammanon, a 35-year old owner of the building;
_ Mr Khwan Thapchan, 23 years old; Mr Suwan Sinsombat, 25 years old; and Miss Nit
Luengcharoen, a 19-year old employee, were arrested. Heroin-processing equip-
ment, as well as a great quantity of heroin, was also confiscated. In
addition, Miss Phanit Sit-Ari, 40 years old, and Mr Somphong Sae Lim or Sanit,
a Lao, were apprehended by the police in attempting to excape in their car from
Mr Sa-nguan's house. Miss Phanit, a sus~~ect in this case, was once arrested
on a charge of narcotic dealing and trafficking and later was sentenced to life
imprisonment under Section 17, but is now free as a result of claiming amnesty
granted her, as earlier r_eported in BAN MUANG.
To find out the fact of this matter, our reporter contacted a well-known Thai
lawyer, because many have inquired whether people sentenced specifically on a
heroin charge under Section 17 could be granted amnesty. The lawyer responded
that as far as is known amnesty for this type of conviction has never been
proposed by the government for only certain cases. He said, "These orders
must be endorsed and carried out ~ust as court decisions. Based on Royal
Amnesties, there are categories such as narcotics-heroin trafficking, sex
offenses, political offenses or communist activities which are not granted
amnesty. However, depending on promulgated Royal Decrees, some cases are
granted amnesty. For example, there was a case of a police colonel who was
involved in narcotic trafficking and was sentenced for life under Section 17,
but who is now free. Regarding this case, amnesty may'have been~granted,
and we had best reexamine the evidence."
9013
CSO: 5300
i
16
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THAILAND
AUSTRALIAN DEFENDANTS CONFESS HEROIN SMUGGLING ATTEMPT
Brisbane THE COURIER-MAIL in English 4 Sep 79 P~
[Article by Neil Kelly and AAPJ
[Text]
BAN6KOK. - Sydney . Rugby League pfayer Paul Hayward and
hairdre:se~ Warren Pellowt :aid they had been hired to take heroin
to Au:tralia, the Bangkok.Criminal Court wa: told~'ye~terdap.
P o 1 i c e Lteutenarit "Both Hayward and Juttimit beat P'ellowa to
C o 1 o n e 1 K o n k r i t Fellaws said it was not extract the confession.
Patsnapongpanit said theirs' but they had .been Ha ard and Felloma
this at the trial of Hay- hired to take it bac][ to have ~leaded Builty to
ward, 26, Fellows, 28, a~nd Australls. , p~pn of the heroin,
a n o t h e r 6ydney man, .~L4~r Hayward and wortkt ;9 mlllion, but de-
William Sinclatr, 66: F e 11 o w a signed con- nied' fie,vln6 ~ the drug .
All 'three are charged f e a s i o n 6 which . were for sak, distribution ' or
with having attennpted~. to countersigned by Austra- export.
smuggle 8.6 kiloBre,ms of 1 i a n narcotics agent, Sinclair hes ple~ded
top grade heroin to Aus- Frank Davies. not guilty to charges of
tralia. ' ~ ~ i having aided a smu6B1-
They have been�in cus- Bodf@n ing attemp~ A fourth de-
tody since their arrest ~~p
~
ed ttie ~wo. fendsnt, Ttiai taxi driver :
last Octoben to write the confessions." Kittl1Imsap, has plEaded
Lieuteaant Colonel � not ~ttilty to a charge of
Konkrit said he went to A defence lawyer rep- havin~ supplied .the drug.
Bangkok's Montien Hotel resenting P~ellows aUeQed
to arrest Saywsrd~ and 8t an earlier hearing~ The, hearing was ad- .
Fellows. a few hours bo- that police �MaJor Virat ~our~5ed until Friday.
fore they were booked to '
fly to SYdney.
"When I met F'ellows
- in rooin 413, he said the
heroin was in. ~room 415
- Haqward's room," rie
said.
~~I took Fellows to that -
room, where he gave the
combination numbAr of
the lock on a red suit-
case.
"Another pollce ofttcer
opened the red auttcsse ,
snd I~w 24 plasLlc bs~a
ot whst I now know to lie
herotn.
~ cso: 5300
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,
THAILAND
i''
BRIEFS
OFFICER FIRED--Police Captain Thong Kitsi, Chief of Chiang Kham District
Police Station in Chiang Rai Province was discharged from government service
and will face criminal charges for falsifying evidence of a reward for the -
capture of smuggled opium. [Text~ [Bangkok SIAM RAT in Thai 28 Jul 79 p 12J
9013
RAW OPIUM SEIZED--Today at 1400 hours policemen raided house No. 324
Phetkasem Road, Hat Yai District, Songkhla on the instructions of Pol
Maj Gen Phimphan Netrangsi, deputy commander of provincial police Zone 4,
who learned that an amount of raw opium had been hidden there. The
policemen found raw opium weighing about 10.4 kg in seven plastic bags
hidden on top of a closet inside the house. The opium is worth about
~ 165,000 baht. Mae Sonsa-at, owner of the house, said she did not own _
the opium or know who owned it. She has been taken into custody for
further questioning at the Hat Yai police station. [ExcerptJ [Bangkok
Domestic Service in Thai 1300 GMT 2 Oct 79 BK]
CSO: 5300
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CANADA
LESS HEROIN, MORE MARIHUANA REPORTED IN MONTREAL
Montreal LA PRESS in French 21 Sep 79 pp 1,6 ~
/Article by Andre Cedilot: "Less Heroin and More Marihuana and Hash"---
Montreal, the exporter of chemical drugs] _
/Text~ Montreal has become an important port of entry for cannabis and espec-
ially for hashish, after having been one of the centers for international
heroin traffic in the early seventies. Besides, during the past 3 years it
has developed a reputation as an exporter of chemical dr.ugs.
During the first 6 months of 1979, the Royal Canadian Police /GRC] has seized
in the province of Quebec hashish valued at $10 million and brought about
260 charges against about 150 hashish dealers. This did not include $500,000
worth of confiscated heroin and cocaine, as well as dismantling five clandes- -
tine laboratories.
This is, in short, the picture drawn for LA PRESSE during an interview by
Inspector Gilles Favreau, head of the drug~squad of the GRC in Quebec, and he
insisted on explaining that the problem in Montreal was, on the whole, less
serious than in Vancouver or in Toronto. ~
According to the officer, it is actually the number of heroin addicts which
determines lthe extent of the drug problem in a country or a region. In fact,
the experts estimate that there are 1,500 to 2,000 heroin users in Montreal
compared with 5,000 in Toronto and 15,000 in Vancouver.
As for the reasons that would explain this disparity between the three
Canadian cities, they are as diverse as they are contradictory. Inspector�
Favreau believes that this is mainly a social phenomenon.
"It is a little bit like trying to explain why 85 percent of the hold ups on
the island of Mon.treal are co~itted by French-speaking people..." said the
policeman, pointing out that a greater number of English-speaking people are
involved in drug trafficking. However, in this case, he cannot give exact
figures.
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Yet, the drug problem must be taken seriously. A study by the police of -
CUM /expansion unknown~ showed that not too long ago almost two-thirds of
crimes committed in its ~urisdiction were connected with drug groups.
' In order to really understand the evolution of the drug phenomenon in Montreal,
it is important to remember that cannabis, whose derivatives are marihuana and
hashish, appeared here only at the beginning of the fifties. Then only about
10 years later did the use of "hash" actually start to exceed that of the
other hallucinogenic substance.
At the time, all things considered, heroin was much more widespread in the
Montreal region than elsewhere, users being mainly 30 years old or over, many
of whom were former musicians and sportsmen who had already had the opportu-
nity to "try" stimulants.
Following the rampant use of drugs ir~ the United States, after "high priest" -
Timothy 0'Leary gave speeches on the "beneficial effects" of LSD, this drug
and others like it, such as mescaline, the metamphetamines, PCP, etc., reach-
ed the Canadian metropolis around 1965.
Since then, all kinds of drugs can be found in Montreal, the popularity of
each one rising and falling at the same rate as it does in Uncle Sam's coun-
try. And the drug dealers cater to the demands of the users.
Important Seizures -
- Thus, as proven through numerous hauls by the GRC, the smugglers were very
active during the first 5 years of the last decade. During this period,
Montreal was actually one of the centers of heroin traffic, a drug originating
in Marseilles and then sent to New York.
Also the quantity of hashish reaching Montreal became substantial at the begin-
ning of the seventies, members of organized crime having become interested in
this substance. Hashish had found a growing number of users because people
became suspicious of chemical drugs after getting reports of numerous accidents
from across the border.
Among the most notorious individuals apprehended by the GRC we find Lucien
givard, Conrad Bouchard, "Pep" Cotroni (deceased last week), Frank Cotroni,
Guido Orsini, Frank Dasti, Frank Zaurini, Santo.Mandolia, Michel Mastantuano,
and several others.
"Hash" Always Popular
Oddly enough, it seems that heroin traffic is now the domain of minor, lone
smugglers who, according to police information, bring less than 200 kg per
- year into the country to satisfy consumer demand in Montreal. _
In the opinion of Inspector Gilles Favreau, cocaine is also brough in secretly, _
in very small quantities, at most a pound at a time. He recalled the "exer-
cise," which is dangerous at best, during which some young importers, including
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a woman, hid "coke" in condoms that they then swallowed.
In the case of hashish, the story is a different one. Here trafficking is
more extensive, if one can ~udge by the results of only three GRC operations
when at least 3,000 lb of this derivative of cannabis was ~,ized in Montreal -
and the surrounding area. -
Futhermore, Inspector Favreau is afraid that there is a new generation of
chemical drug users in Quebec, since the discovery, during the last 3 years,
of at least 15 clandestine laboratories that manufactured LSD and "speed."
The Federal Police believes thaC a part of the merchandise was earmarked for
local consumption and the rest for Ontario and the Maritime Provinces. How-
ever, the most important supplies entering La Belle Province /Quebec] come
from manufacturers in California.
- A World Premiere
Besides, the main task of about 125 policemen who make up the narcotic squad
of the GRC, several of whom are double agents infiltrating just about every-
where, is to thwart the importation and the manufacture of any drugs.
"In going to the source, we hope to reduce as much as possible the quantity
of drugs put on the market," explained Inspector Favreau, who points out
that it is the responsibility of the Quebec Intelligence Service and of the
Municipal Police to catch the small suppliers.
In case of pressing need, the GRC does not hesitate to assist other police _
forces by organizing large-scale raids throughout the province. This was
actually the case last year when at least 740 "pushers" were locked up
_ following the infiltration of 30 federal agents which cost the GRC about
$700,000. In the.whole world, there had never been a precedent for such an
operation:
9465
- CSO: 5300
21
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CANADA
BRIEFS
MONTREAL DRUG SEIZURE--Jacques and Andre Couture, 22 and 25 years old
` respectively, appeared this morning at the Montreal Palace of Justice to
I answer several charges, including possession of drugs for the purpose of
sale, possession of offensive weapons, police radio, etc. The SQ [Quebec
Police Force] seized "speed" valued at $250,000 in their residence at 5681
Rue Charlemagne, Montreal. A large quantity of cocaine was also seized at
~ the residence of the two young men. Lieutenant Lucien Gauthier met with .
journalists yesterday to report on this case. [Text] [Montreal LA PRESSE
- in French 20 Oct 79 p F 27]
CSO: 5300
1
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SULGARIA '
BRIEFS
SUCCESSES AGAINST DRUG SMUGGLIN~---The Bulgarian customs authorities occupy _
a worthy place in the struggle_of the international customs authorities
against drug smugglers. ~One example is the case of the British sub~ect
Harper Brian John, [as published]~who arrived at the Captain Andreevo
check point with a Volkswagen bus. The custams authorities found -
100 kg of narcotics in his car. At the trial Harper John said that he
had done this�~for Mr Koufs from Birmingham, who had sent him to the Syrian
city of Haffe, where he was to park tfie car at a special place and wait.
During~this period aomebody had loaded his car w3th narcotics--and that
was it.... Then back in England, Harper John was to report his successful
- return to Mr Koufs and receive the promised 200 pounds. [Excerpt]
[Valentin Panayotov] [Sof3a NARODNA MLADEZH in Bulgarian 21 Sep 79 p 2 AU]
CSO: 5300
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HUNGARY
BUDAPEST RESIDENT RECEIVES HASHISH FROM PAKISTAN
AU241113 Budapest NEPSZAVA in Hungarian 20 Oct 79 p 12 AU
[Article by "S.A.": "The Addressee Had Not Asked for It; He Has Received ~
Chests Lined With Hashish"]
[Summary] "Presumab ly, Zoltan M., a resident of Budapest, was ve~,~y surprised
when he was notified in the spring that 'packages' addressed to his wife had
arrived from Rawalpindi at Ferihegy Airport." The couple was even more
perplexed to learn that the consignment consisted of two antique cheats on which
a duty of 9,000 forints was to be paid. However, they paid the duty when
they found out that the sender of the chests was a friend of theirs--Gyorgy
Leyai, who is living in the FRG--when he promiaed to "take care of the financial
~~de of the matter." The chests ended up at tt;a Budapest apartment of Levai's
~i~ter, Mrs Jozsef B.
Early in April, a West German citizen, Freiherr Paleske Petcz, visited the ~
couple, paid the duty and transportation costs and requested access to the
chests for the purpose of taking something out of them. He was given the keys
to Mrs Jozsef B.'s apartaient and told to do whatever he wanted with the chests.
When Mrs B. arrived~home later, she found the antique chests redueed to kind-
ling. "
"In the meantime, a chest arrived in�the~FRG.from Pakistan, and it was found
to have something in it, also: 23 kilograms of Hashish was concealed between ,
its double walls. An international narcotics group ended up under lock and
key. Levai, whose'colleagues' had sent the chests 'lined with' narcotics to .
Budapest, was a member of that group. Experts have computed that 15 kilo-
grams of hashish must have been hidden in the pieces of furniture sent to
Zoltan M. and his wife.
'!Because Zoltan M. and Mrs Jozsef B. were unaware of the secret of the chests,
they will be charged with a cuetoms misdemeanor at the central district court." ~
CSO: 5300
, ; 24
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YUGOSLAVIA
HEROUI SMUGGLING INCREAS W G ON YUGOSLAV BORDERS
AU222000 Belgrade POLITIKA in Serbo-Croatian 19 Sep 79 p 10 AU
[Tihomir Nesic report] ,
[Summary] Dimitrovgrad, 18 September--After a pause of 15 years, heroin has again appeared
at the Gradina border crossing near Dimitrovgrad. Tons of hashish are conf iscated every
year at this crossing point. The record was reached ~n i976 when over 3,400 kilograms of
this drug was confiscated. However, in the period from ~963 to 1978 no heroin was
detected at the Gradina crossing point. Last year~ j4 kilograms of her.oin were found on
smugglers and in the first 8 months of this year 27 kilograms of the drug have been found.
Experience shows that more drugs are smuggled during the national holidays and the new
year~s holidays.
Regardless o� how much is detected at the border, it is certain that a quantity of drugs
will pass through the border crossing. There is hardly a plaae in an automobile, bus
truck or train that has not been used for hiding drugs. Women, too, are increasingly
[found to be] smuggling drugs, particularly those carrying small children in their arms.
At the border crossing they would pinch their babies to make them cry so as to induce
sympathy in customs off icers.
- Heroin is expensive and small quantities of it are smuggled at a time. That makes it
very easy to hide in one~s personal luggage, clothing or to affix it with plaster to
one~s body. A German woman was found with her brassiere full of heroin.
"For that reason the fact that 760 kilograms of hashish was confiscated in 8 months of
this year causes less concern than the fact that 27 kilograms of heroin were confiseated.
Customs officers believe that not much undetected hashish has slipped through, but they
do not lmow how much heroin has passed through unnobiced. A~factory~ has obviously
begun operating somewhere in the Middle East and until 3t is discovered, heroin will
reaeh the Gradina border crossing and Western Europe, too. And 10 grams of heroin oan
destroy more lives than even 100 kilograms of hashish."
In recent years, traff ic at the Gradina border crossing has diminished. Could it be that
customs officers have contributed to the reduction in the n~:mber of passengers using the
border crossing, and that drug smugglers are now using another route? No Yugoslav drug
smuggler was caught at the Gradina border crossing this year or last year. Most numerous
among drug smugglers are the Turks, and there axe more and more from Western Europe,
particularly West Germany. There was also not a single drug smuggler from an East
European country.
CSO: 5300 25
. .
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ARGENTINA _
ARGENTIN E-PARAGUAYAN BORDER DRUG TRPFFIC IS SUBJECT OF ALARM
Prefect Tognola Describes Situation
Buenos Aires LA NACION in Spanish 12 Sep 79 p 8
[Editorial: "Drugs on the border"]
[Text] Perhaps because the line between truth and fiction is not always
clear cut, when reference is made to drug trafficking there is usually a
tendency to think of the sources of supply as being in exotic and remote
countries of the Far East. However, while it is impossible to ignore the
existence of plantations devoted to this dishonorable ~trade in those remote
regions, it is necessary to face the certainty of a danger which lies behind
an Argentine border region. The chief of the Naval Prefecture of the port
of Posadas has raised a cry of alarm concerning the seriousness of the matter.
The chief prefect, Rolando Tognola, said that this city has turned into one of
the main points of entry for drugs coming from Paraguay. He verified this -
statement by pointing out that operations were carried out recently which
have proven that the drug trafficking is increasing. Some persons, primarily
youths, were subsequently arrested and considerable amounts of marihuana were
confiscated. He added that all cases have been turned over to the Federal
Court of Misiones, whose judge has said that there is no doubt abuut the
existence of real organizations devoted to illegal activities, in addition -
to the activities of the drug traffickers who were arrested. The judge ~
stated that Posadas and Puerto Iguazu are the main points of entry for the
marihuana and added that the marihuana is grown in the Paraguayan region of
Amambay, where an estimated 25,000 kg are produced. This gives rise to an
operation in which some 3,000 persons are involved.
Thus, along the river border, between the town of Pedro Juan Caballero and
the capital of the neighborin~ country, there is intensive trafficking which
is difficult to control both because of the nature of the area and because of
the various tricks used by the "smugglers" to hide their illegal merchandise.
Once it is introduced into our country, it is transferred to Buenos Aires,
Rosario, Cordoba and Mar del Plata, where it is distributed and sold in the
form of cigarettes. Consequently, the Naval Prefectiire authorities have
taken measures to strengthen their control and to increase the patrols all
along the banks of the Upper Parana. They have also issued a warning to
parents about the dangers inherent in the intensive drug trafficking in tne
region.
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This straightforward account of the facts provides an idea of the magnitude
of a problem which has devastating social repercussions and which .~.s aggravated
by the relative nearness of the center for the production of the msrihuana and
the apparent freedom of action enjoyed by those devoted to growing the mari-
huana and those in charge of handling it and transferring it across the
border. As long as these conditions persist, the clandestine organizations
will find it easy to carry out their activities and the already widespread
and dauntless efforts of the Federal Police Narcotics Department will have
to be increased. When the cooperation of the authorities of the neighboring
country is obtained--a cooperation undoubtedly provided for in inter-American
agreements on the matter--it will be possible to undertake the task of putting
an end to one of the biggest sources of this illegal traffic, which is carried
out clandestinely by the shrewd and cunning purveyors of drug addiction.
Mexican Newspaper Comments
Mexa.co City EL DIA in Spanish 20 Sep 79 p 12
[Commentary by Gregorio Selser]
[Text] The subject of drug smuggling and trafficking which sae began discuss- _
ing yesterday in connection with Paraguay was suggested to us by official
reports from Argentina stating that these illegal activities were going on
and voicing concern as a result of the growing problem involving the clandes-
tine introduction of marihuana into that country.
The Argentine Naval Prefecture has reported that smuggled merchandise worth
50 million pesos was confiscated during various operations carried out last
August at the ports of the federal capital, Formosa, Iguazu, Pilcomayo, San
Javier and Posadas. This included "several kg of marihuana from Paraguay."
The othe~ merchandise included cigarettes, television sets, transistor
radios, radio-type recorders, cassette players, whisky, foodstuffs, clocks,
clothing and various home appliances.
Naval Prefect of Posadas Expresses Alarm
Confirming this report, Rolando Tognola, the chief prefect and head of the
Naval Prefecture of the port of Posadas, which is the capital of Misiones
province on the border with Paraguay, has stated that this city in north- -
- eastern Argentina has turned into one of the main points of entry for drugs
coming from Paraguay. He added that dozens of operations have been carried -
out which have proven that the drug trafficking is increasing, and noted that
some persons, primarily youths, have been arrested, and that considerable
quantities of shredded marihuana have been confiscated.
In his turn the federal judge of Misiones said that there is no doubt about
the existence of real organizations devoted to the production and "routing"
of drugs and that some 3,000 persons are involved in these activities. Both
Posadas and Puerto Iguazu serve as the main points of entry for the marihuana.
.The marihuana is grown in the Paraguayan region of Amambay, on the border
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~ with Brazil, and its port of exit is Pedro Juan Caballero. An estimated
25,000 kg of marihuana are produced and it is shipped down the Parana River
from Caballero to Asuncion, thanks to the leniency and complicity of the
officials in charge of preventing it. The so-called "smugglers"--in other
words, those who "smuggle" the drugs and other merchandise--are old hands at
all the tricks of the trade needed to evade the patrols along the vast and
mountainous border.
'LA NACION' Expresses Alarm
The statement by Prefect Tognola gave rise to an editorial in the conservative _
Buenos Aires morning paper LA NACION ("Drugs on the Border," 12 September 1979,
p 8), The editorial stated: "Perhaps because the line between truth and =
fiction is not always clear cut, when reference is made to drug trafficking -
there is usually a tendency to think of the cources of supply as being in
exotic and remote countries of the Far East. However, while it is impossible
to ignore the existence of plantations devoted to this dishonorable trade in
those remote regions, it is necessary to face the certainty of a danger which
lies behind an Argentine border region."
- After reporting the information provided above, LA NACION noted that the
Paraguayan marihuana is distributed and sold in the form of cigarettes in
Buenos Aires, Rosario, Cordoba and Mar del Plata. The paper ended its editor-
ial as follows: "This straightforward account of the facts provides an idea
of the magnitude of a problem w?~~ch has devastating social repercussions and
which is aggravated by the relative nearness of the center for the production
of the marihuana and the apparent freedom of action enjoyed by those devoted
to growing the marihuana and those in charge of handling it and transferring
it across the border. As long as these conditions persist, the clandestine
~ organizations will find it easy to carry out their activities and the already
widespread and dauntless efforts of the Federal Police Narcotics Department !
will have to be increased. When the cooperation of the authorities of the
neighboring country is obtained--a cooperation undoubtedly provided for in
inter-American agreements on the matter--it will be possible to undertake
the task of putting an end to one of the biggest sources of ttais illegal
traff ic, which is carried out clandestinely by the shrewd and cunning pur-
_ veyors of drug addiction."
In Search of the General
The subtle wording used in the LA NACION editorial expresses the certainty
of the Argentine police and naval authorities that Paraguayan officials are
turning a blind eye to both the cultivation and "smuggling" of the marihuana.
These authorities also know that if they identify the Paraguayan general who
has the region of Amambay and the port of Pedro Juan Caballero under his
command, they will have hit upon the main person responsible for the illicit
business. We have already noted that Stroessner's system of government relies
on parceling out smuggling transactions among his chief officers in the three
branches of the armed forces and that this is based on the very wise premise
of the dictator himself. According to this premise, "smuggling is the price
of peace." -
28 '
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This means domestic peace, of course--a peace which after the Chaco War and
the abortive mutiny by Col Rafael Franco, was only disturbed in 1947 by the
bloody revolution in Concepcion which Gen Higinio Morinigo put down thanks
t~~ the considerable aid in weapons and ammunition provided to him by the man
who was president of Argentina at the time, Juan D. Peron.
There is not a single person on the Argentine side of the border--and least
_ of all within the Naval Prefecture--who is not aware that smuggling is also
one of the prices which Argentina has had to agree to pay for a long time so
that the geopolitical balance in the region will not lean too much toward
Brazil. The Itaipu dam already represents a resounding victory for Brazil.
Meanwhile, the delayed construction of the Yacyreta-Apipe hydroelectric dam
is the ploy Stroessner uses against Argentina every time the latter tries to
put a halt to the smuggling by the Paraguayan generals. -
Yacyreta-Apipe is vital to the development of the northeastern region of
Argentina. Stroessner is well aware of this and so far he has played his
cards with the wisdam gained from five consecutive terms in power. Itaipu,
a joint Brazilian-Paraguayan dam which is the biggest in the world, will
begin operating in 1983. Ya~yret~-Apipe is still under negotiation and even
under the best of circumstances would not begin operating until the 1990's.
Stroessner knows that the smuggling carried on by his close relatives and
most loyal generals can continue.
'VISION' Oversights
Although the smuggling of marihuana to Argentina is just one more of the ~obs
assigned to one or another of Stroessner's generals, for Argentina the
problem is acquiring alarming proportions.
The latest issue of ViSION ("The Drug Network," September 1979, Mexico, Vol
53, No 6, pp 6-9) carries a list of the Latin American countries affected
by the cultivation, traffic and/or consumption of drugs. The list includes
Argentina (the reporter notes that "the number of habitual or occasional
drug users is probably as high as 50,000"), Bolivia, Colombia,.Chile, Ecuador,
Mexico, Peru and Venezuela, but makes no mention of Brazil, Uruguay, Guatemala
and Honduras, among others, nor does it mention Paraguay. This same article
states that "in 1975 Argentina was not only a link in the illegal drug
traffic, but also had vast marihuana plantations," and adds that "there was
a major market for consumption in the federal capital and in metrop~litan
Buenos Aires, and individual outbreaks of use in other urban centers."
Without wishing to arouse suspicion, the failure to mention Honduras as one
of the links cited by the Interpol in the drug traff ic to the United States
might be explained by the 18-page "Advertising Supplement"--in other words,
a paid advertisement--which VISION devotes to Honduras in the same issue.
In the case of Paraguay, the explanation goes back further to the time when
Anastasio Somoza Debayle's son-in-law, R.ichard Rapold, decided to take over
as general manager of VISION and to reveal that the publication belongs to
the former dictator's family. And how could Somoza pick a quarrel with his
buddy Stroessner?
29
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COLOMBIA
COLOMBIAN MINISTER CRITICIZES U.S. DOMESTIC NARCOTICS CONTROLS
PA251626 Paris AFP in Spanish 0214 GMT 25 Sep 79 PA
[Text] Bogota, 24 Sep (AFP)--Hector Echeverry Correa, chairman of the Colombian Senate,
today harshly criticized the U.S. Governtnent and people for not fighting determinedly
to control the narcotics traffic. Eche~erry accused the U.S. authorities and people of
"ii~u~.arality" by promoting the production of marihuana and cocaine in Colombia to supply
the U.S. market.
The criticism was leveled today during talks between the goverrnnents of Colombia and
the United States to analyze the results of the ~oint struggle against the narcotics
traffic. Florida Governor Robert Graham and U.S. Ambassador Diego Asensio are partici-
pating in the talks. Graham noted Echeverry~s frankness and although he pointed out ~
that the U.S. Army cannot, unlike the Colombian Army, legally combat the narcotics
underworZd, he announced that studies are underway on possible changes or amendments
in the law to make this possible.
During the talks, another Colombian senator, Eduardo Abuchaibe, said the narcotics
t raffic has caused approximately 400 deaths in the Gua~ira Peninsula--considered the
principal marihuana production center--and on the Atlantic coast. Gua~ira has been
drenched in blood because of marihuana and cocaine going to the United States, he said,
and added that a climate of fear exists which influences social problems there.
_ The Colombian Government si~ed an agreement with the United States 1 year ago to
combat drug traffickers. According to official statistics, some control over the
smugglers has been attained, although enormous quantitie~ of narcotics are still
leaving for the United States.
Senator Echeverry said in his accusation that "you bring the dollars, you bring valium
and all kinds of tranquilizers." He then accused them of bringing weapons and dollars
into Colombia and affirmed that the money was issued to bribe our authorities without
caring what effect the U.S. economic power has on the Colombian people. He said that
"you amuse yourselves by bribing our authorities, stimulating domestic consumption of
marihuana and cocaine in our country and exporting increasing amounts to yuur own _
country~" Everyday you bring us more weapons, hercyin, narcotics and sedatives, said
the congressman in his harsh criticism, pointing out that the Colombian Government has
done everything possible to control this illegal traffic but that it has been unable
to stop it. He affirmed that the people in cities like New York, Chicago~ Los Angeles,
Miami, Boston and other places use marihuana and cocain out of despair. Echeverry also
said it is possible that when the United States can produce good-quality marihuana and
cocaine it will legalize that trade and then close its borders. Graham accepted the
criticism but affirmed that the United States is also wocried about the illegal commerce
in narcotics.
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COLOMBIA ~
. ~
HIGH GOVERNMENT OFFICIAIS ACCUSED OF DRUG TRAFFICKING
PA211603 ~drid EFE in Spanish 0222 GMT 21 Sep 79 PA
[Text] BoBota, 20 Sep;(EFE)--Colombian Congressman Arcesio Sanchez revealed today
that high-ranking autho.rities of the government, such as senators, are involved in
narcotics traff icking uases. He confirmed that the main aperations are carried out
in the province [as received] of Narino, in the southern tip of Colombia, with the
complicity of Colombian and Eduadorean authorities.
In his denunciation, he revealed that a former senator and a senator of the republic
are seriously implicated in the narcotics scandal although he refrained from revealing
their identities so as not to interfere with the investigations in progress. He added
that the son of a former senator of the republic was among the persons arrested but
was later released even though a large shipment of coca~ne had been found in his
possession. He emphasized that members of international narcotios traffic bands
operate freely in Colombia, without the authorities bothering to arrest them, as is
the case in other countries.
LA REPUBLICA, a conservative morning paper in this aapital, reports in today~s issue
the charges of Senator Arcesio Sanchez who aff irmed that "the aomplicity of the
authorities in narcotics Cases is notorious.~~ ,
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I`
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COSTA RICA
- ~ BRIEFS
- VENEZUELANS, MARIHUANA SEIZID--A Venezuelan couple was arrested by the
Judicial Investigation Organization [OIJ] for trafficking marihuana. Armando
Borges Bronilergranden and Ivonne Coromoto Martin de Borges, who live in
San Pedro de Montes de Oca, had 2 pounds of marihuana and several weapons
in their home. The OIJ reported that they are a multimillionaire couple
who recently moved to Costa Rica. [San Jose RADIO RELOJ in Spanish 1200 _
GMT 30 Oct 79 PA]
CSO: 5300
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ECUADOR
BRIEFS
DRUG TRAFFICKERS' ARREST--Quito, 21 Oct (EFE)--Peruvian Mauro Guarniz Pineda
has been arrested at Huaquillas, on the border with Ecuador, while carrying
1,638 grams of cocaine. Also arrested was Ecuadorean trafficker Maximiliano
Castillo Avila, who was the "contact man" for Colombian buyers. Guarniz
told the police that his supplier was Jorge Serrano, whose record is already
familiar to Interpol. [Madrid EFE in Spanish 2342 GMT 21 Oct 79 PA]
CSO: 5300
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JAMAICA
BRIEFS
ARMS, DRUGS SEIZED--Nine men have been arrested r~nd C~ao guns, gan~a
[marihuana] and other items confiscated during a raid of a house in
(Tucker), St James. The raid was carried out by the Montego Bay Special
Anti-Crime Squad between 7 and 9 o'clock this morning. They �ound in the
house a machine gun loaded with 26 rounds of ammunition, a Smith and _
Wesson revolver with 10 rounds of ammunition, a tear gas paralyzer, a
large amount of gan~a and hashish, a gan~a compreseor, several soldier's -
uniforms and one CB radio. The names of the arrested men have not been -
released by the police. [Text] [FL191754 Kingston Domestic Service in
English 1730 GMT 19 Oct 79 FL]
CSO: 5300
_
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MEXICO
~
- BRIEFS
~
POLICE TIPPED ON MARIHUANA--Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas--The night before last,
about 20 Federal Judicial Police officers mounted a large-scale stakeout at
the intersection of the highway between Matamoros and Mazatlan, at turnoff
124, leading to the town of Nuevo Progreso, in response to an alleged "tip"
on a drug shipment coming from the southern part of the republic. The offi-
cers, supplied with submachine guns, pi~tols and high-caliber, long-range
weapons, were stationed at the intersection of the two highways. They re-
_ ma.ined there for 4 hours. As of the time when this report was being written,
it was not certain whether a drug shipment had been seized; but it was empha-
sized that the Federal Judicial Police had confiscated small amounts of drugs
from several individuals traveling on motorcycles. According to information
that was circulating in police stations yesterday, the Federal Police receiv-
ed a"tip" on a 3-ton shipment of marihuana; but thus far there has been no
official report as to. whether or not a large volume of drugs was seized.
The Federal Police group, riding in over eight small trucks and cars, was
provided with safety signals, because the stakeout was made at about 2030
hours. Thereafter, the Federal Judicial Police returned to their base in
Reynosa; and the official results of this stakeout of Federal Judicial Po-
lice officers have not been learned as yet. [Text] [H. Matamoros EL BRAVO
in Spanish 12 Oct 79 p 9] 2909
TRAFFICKERS BATTLE POLICE--Mexico City, 11 October--A policeman killed, a
criminal arres.ted and several drug traffickers who escaped was the toll after
- a gun battle between the Federal Judi.cial Police and "poisoners." The shoot-
ing took place in the town of San Baltazar, in Oaxaea, at 1000 hours, when _
the forces of Comdr Ricardo Rodea Reyes set out to capture a ring of mari-
hu~na growers and sellers. The Judieial Police were caught in an ambush
prepared for them by the drug traffickers and, after a heavy gun battle,
each side suffered a casualty. The poli~eman who was killed was Vicente Me-
rino Gomez, whose body w3.11 be turned over to his relatives today. The in-
dividual under arrest is Tgnacio Martin~z; who supplied the Federal Judicial
Police with important informa.tion that will surely lead to the arrest of
the criminals wfio fled~. Tt was claimed that several of the fugitives are
wounded, since the~ left behind traces~of blood. [Text] [Piedras P:egras EL
- DIARIO DE PIEDRAS NEGRAS in Spanish 12 Oct 79 Sec B p 1] 2909
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BRIBED PRISON GUARDS HELD--Acapulco, Guerrero, 8 October--Today, seven em-
ployees and guards of the Social Rehabilit~tion Center who were accomplices
in the escape of the drug traf~ickers Carlos Villegas~Auran a~d Conrado Bar-
ragan Perez were remanded to Judge Froylan Guzman. Last week, the two fugi-
tives went out with permission from the jail authorities (whom they presum-
ably paid 300,000 pesos in phony bills, because they are counterfeiters), to
visit nightclubs in the company o~ guards. However, while on the spree they
decided to escape; and, in order to do so, they disarmed their guards, kill-
ing one and wounding another. The warden of the prison, Manuel Berde~a Fierro,
and his cousin, supervisor Eliseo Berdeja Galeana, as well as five other per-
sons, have been held for trial; and, within a period of 72 hours, their lia-
bility in the escape will be ascertained. Carlos Ulises Aeosta, the court
prosecutor, said tfiat an investigation would be made of the claim that the
drug traffickers paid 300,000 pesos for allowing the escape. [Text] [H. Mata-
moros EL BRAVO :Ln Spanish 9 Oct 79 p 10] 2909
HEROIN TRAFEICKERS HUNTED--The Federal Judicial Police are on the trail of
several drug traffickers who are presumed to have a large shipment of heroin,
' and who are connected with the large seizure made by the Federal Police frorn
three traffickers who were arrested the day before yesterday with a sizable
amount of that drug. It was reported that the traffickers Martina Ortiz Si-
queiros, Juan Bautista Beltran Machado and Conrad~o Leyva Ponce confessed to
having been engaged for some time in the trafficking of heroin, which was
delivered to them by some individuals whom the Federal Police have now iden-
tified. The traffickers, who were captured with over 20 grams of heroin, ad-
mitted that they had more accomplices. For this reason, the Federal Police
are hunting them, and it is expected that they will be arrested at any moment.
[Text] [Nogales DIARIO DE NOGALES in Spanish 10 Oct 79 p 4] 2909
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~
PANAMA
BRIEFS
COCAINE TRAFFICKERS' ARREST--U.S. citizen Robert William Gibbs, 46, was arrested
on Friday at Tocumen Airport with 319 grams of cocaine, which he carried in a
thermos bottle. Gibbs is the vice president of a travel agency and was on
his way to San Francisco, California. Tn addition, Colombian Jorge Gabriel �
Piedrita Garcia, 24, was arrested on Sunday, 14 October, also at Tocumen Air-
. port. He was carrying cocaine in his double-sole suede shoes and was trav-
eling with a forged Venezuelan passport under the name of Arnaldo Jose Lopez
Rincon. [Panama City MATUTINO in Spanish 16 Oct 79 p 2-A PA]
COCAINE SEIZURE--Narcotics agents of the Finance and Treasury Ministry arrested
Colombian Rogelio Bedoya Idarraga, 40, for carrying 200 grams of cocaine in
two plastic bags in his shoes. He was traveling from Bogota to Nassau, Bahamas,
and the United States-. [Panama City MATUTINO in Spanish 9 Oct 79 p 2-A PA]
CSO: 5300 -
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PERU
BRIEFS
DRUG TRAFFICKERS ARRESTID--Lima, 29 Oct (AFP)--The Peruvian Investigatians
Police today reported tha~ it has uncovered 10 drug rings in Iquitos with
the arrest of 24 persons, four of them Colombians, from whom it seized 117 _
kilograms of basic paste of cocaine worth $18,830; 1,218,000 soles, a glider, ~
motorcycles and f irearms. The police said the cocaine came from Peruvian
cocaine production centers in Huenuco, Tingo Maria, Yurimaguas and Pucalpa.
The cocaine was then shipped from Iquitos to the United States, Colombia,
Brazil and Ecuador. [Paris AFP in Spanish 2333 GMT 29 Oct 79 PA]
CSO: 5300
_ ~ _
~
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TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
BRIEFS
MARIHUANA SEIZED AT AIRPORT--Police have arrested a customs guard and a
porter at Piarco International Airport in Trinidad and charged them with
conspiring to smuggle an estimated one million dollars of marihuana into
the country over the weekend. The police commissioner said rseveral
warrants have been issued for the arrest of other persons said to be _
involved in the conspiracy. It was reported that a large police party
intercepted a car at the airport compound and seized four large suit-
cases containing compressed marihuana. The owner of the suitcasea had
earlier disembarked on a flight which had gone from Miami by way of
Jamaica. [Text] [FL222041 Kingston Domestic Service in Englieh 1930 GMT
22 Oct 79 FL]
CSO: 5300
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ISRAEL
BRIEFS .
~HEROIN SEIZED--Yesterday afternoon half a kg of heroin worth 8 million
_ Israeli pounds was taken at the Ben-Gurion Airport from a tourist who
had arrived from Turkey. The police had adnance information about the
smuggling and several Iaraelis'are suspected of belonging to a smuggling ,
ring. Investigations are continuing. Four suspects from Israel have
- been detained. [TA272010 Jerusalem Domestic Television Service in
Hebrew 1830 GMT 27 Oct 79 TA]
C50: 5300
. i
y~,
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AUSTRIA
BRIEFS
GROWING DRUG ABUSE NOTED--According to the :~978 Drug Criminality Report
released by the Interior Ministry on 18 October, drug abuse in Austria
continues to increase despite the great successes of the police. In
1978, 67 Austrian Army soldiers were charged with drug abuse as against
34 soldiers in 1977, and 103 university students were charged as against
68 in 1977. Altogether nearly 3,000 persons were prosecuted for drug
abuse in 1978, 24 percent more than in 1977. "The report states that
'Austria is being increasingly used as a Cransshipment and storage place
by drug smugglers.' Drugs from the Middle East are chiefly bound for
the FRG and the Netherlands, but occasionally are also sold in Austria."
In 1978, 6 tons of cannabis products were seized in Austria. Measures
to intensify the st_ruggle against illicit drug trade and drug smuggling
will be discussed at a meeting of experta of the interior~ health, ~
justice, education and finance ministries in Vienna-Oberlaa on
12 and 13 November 1979. As a first concrete measure, another 18
detectives will be assigned to the narcotics department. [Martin Wimmerl
[AU191405 Vienna KURIER in German 19 Oct 79 p 18 AU] .
HEROIN DEALERS ARRESTED--On 19 October 1979 Vienna police announced the
arrest of three heroin dealers and the confiscation of 750 grams of
high-grade hE*_-oin worth 8 million schillings. The arrested persons are
Ronald Bartosik, 24, Wolfgan;; Kuebler, 27, and Kurt Grabler, 28, a11
Austrian citizens. Some 1,000 grams of heroin were smuggled into
Austria from Turkey by Grabler, and 250 grams had already been sold by
the Chree dealers at the time of their arrest. [Vienna ARBEITER-ZEITUNG
in German 20 Oct 79 p 5 AU]
CSO: 5300
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DENMARK
NEWSPAPERS REPORT DRUG ARRESTS, TRIALS
LD011403 (Editorial Report LD] Recent Danish dailies carry the following reports on
drug offenses and arrests:
- Copenhagen AKTUELT in Danish 12 September 1979 carries on page 5 a 200-word "TO AN"
report on the conviction of two Italians for having smuggled 1.5 kg of heroin worth
81 million Danish Imoner [DKr] into Denmark Prom Bangkok. The defense immediately
appealed against the decision to impose a sentence of 6 years.
Copenhagen BERLINGSI~ TIDENDE in Danish 12 September 1979 carries in part I on page 3
300-word "Uav." rel~ort on the trial of
a restaurant keeper from Arhus who confessed
L-o having smuggled in and sold around 60 grams of pure heroin and 35 kg of hasish. ~
The man is suspected of being one of the leaders of one oP the biggest drug operations
uncovered in Denmark, and is charged among other things with selling 100 kg of hasish,
2.5 kg of heroin and 14.5 kg of morphine base. The trial continues.
Copenhagen�BERLINGSI~ TIDENDE in Danish 12 September 1979 carries in part on page 5
a 550-word Anders Wiig report on the arrest of Peter Philipsen from Denmark and Brahim
Bouzaoui from Algeria, both previously convicted, for trading in narcotics on a large
scale. The total value of morphine pills and money seized is around p~'225,000. The
men were remanded in custody for 14 days.
CSO~ 5300
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' FRANCE
BRTEFS
DRUGS SEIZED AT ORLY AIRPORT~-~Orly customs men have seized 5.5 kg of gray
heroin valued at Fr550,000. Tt was concealed in-a false-bottomed suitcase
belonging to a passenger travelling from Karachi. David (Sergent), a New
Zealander cook, told investigators that he knew nothing about the origin
and the destination of the drugs which had been put into his luggage
"without his l~nowledge~." Eleven kilograms of hashish were seized on the
same aircraft. �~They were~found in the sleeping bag of an Indian passenger,
Mr (Shan Anwarj, who admitted~~hat he intended to sell the product in
Portsmouth (Great Britain) where he lives. [Text] [Paris FRANCE-SOIR
in French 8 Sep 79 p 3 LD]
CSO: 5300
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ITALY
HFAT,TH MINISTER EXPLAINS CONTROLLED DISTRIBUTION OF HEROIN
Milan IL MONDO in Italian l~+ Sep 79 PP 2~+-25 .
[Article: "Help, the State Is Drugging Us:"]
[Text] Minister Altissimo fears that his proposal for
controlled distribution of heroin to addicts may be mis-
~ understood. And so he will ask RAI-TV [Italia.n Radio
broadcasting and Television Company]....
He declaxed war upon reading the newspapers. "Too many, too many, too many,"
he comments. "And I too am the father of three daughters, and I live in
terror that they too might become victims of it tomorrow." Renato Altissimo,
39, Liberal minister of health, has decided to put the struggle against the
scourge of heroin at the top of the list of his governmental tasks. And he
will do so, he specified to IL MONDO, by following "the criteria of my trade:
industrial manager. We sha11 attack this great plague scientifically. And
to begin with,"�he admits with irony, "even though I am a Liberal, I will try
to destroy a free market: the market for heavy drugs."
His point of departure is simple. There are 100,000 drug addicts in Italy
~"an approximate estimate only," he is careful to state; "the ministry does _
not have any precise data, st atistics"), and they are multiplying in a geo-
metric progression, "by a Saint Anthony's chain mechanism: the customer often
becomes a dealer so as to be able to get his own dose. And he is always
finding new customers, who then end up doing the same thing. Heroin thus
spreads like an oil slick. And those who end up dealing it don't do so for
the money, but so as to get the drug free--a ver5~ strong motivation. To
block expansion, the chain has to be broken. He discovered this revolution-
ary approach by studying the experience of other countries, ~gland especially:
- the idea is to get quickly, by Christmas at the latest, to "controlled dis-
tribution of heroin." "We should be concerned with the 100,000 first of all,"
he says. "We should keep them from becoming dealers out of need. Let us
s~ipply them with the drug, to begin with. And at the same time let us try to
rehabilitate them, from both a health point of view and a social point of
view."
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T~e plan, to which Altissimo, together with the highest officiels of the
ministry, is putting the finishing touches, provides for effective publicity
campaigns and the systematic use of television. Our messages must get to
everyone. Why shouldn't the st ate television give me 10 minutes 2 or 3 times
a week, in prime time, so that I can give information to everyone about the
dimensions, the dam~,ge, the riska of ~ trade that kills and that hc~3 to be
wiped out?"
Again according to the minister, the risks of the "controlled distribution ~
of heroin" operation and of the campaign against the he avy drugs are many.
They are psychological and organizational. The first, the biggest one, es-
pecially for its impact on public opinion, is that the decision to give the
drug directly to those who already use it, to Ureak the Saint Anthony`s chain
of dealers-addicts, may be misunderstood. "Getting the community to accept
this principle will not be easy," Altissimo admits. "It will be up to us to
explain well what a social disturbance the illegal drug market represents -
. today, to make it clear how many crimes, how many felonies axe now committed
every da.y, throughout Italy, by young people looking for the money they need
to buy their fix. We will trust in everyone's common sense, we will strive
to explain ourselves cleaxly. And above all, we will try t o make it very _
clear that this is only one chapter in a vaster, capillary operation, in a
general offensive to break up a business network involving hundreds of bil-
lions of lire in dirty dealings, which is mowing down victims at a now fear-
, fully rising rate."
Altissimo is not yet s+,ating his precise practical criteria for putting the
pla.n into effect; before deciding, he wants to establish a good documentary
foundation. For this, he has asked for reports and documents, he has sent
experts and officials from the ministry abroad to stuc~y and analyze the ex-
periments already in progress in this direction, and he has commissioned
studies and research, calling on the Higher Institute of Health in particular.
"I have given everyone short deadlines," he announces--"sufficient for study-
ing the question, but without wasting time. We can no longer afford to do so."
The other big question mark has to do with the health structures: will they
be capable, fast, of sustaining the offensive against heroin? Altissimo is
confident. The main point, he says, is above a_ll the political will to achieve
precise results. And he has an example ready, a concrete one, to demonstrate
that when an urgent appeal for effectiveness is made, the response does not
fail to come. And the example itself is connected with the drug phenomenon.
Reading the newspapers, the minister learnzd that in the United States there
is a perticular product, Naloxone, considered very effective as an antidote
to heroin; but it had not been imported into Italy yet. 41Yiy not? Perhaps _
because no one had thought of it yet. And a series of telephone calls, a
te'lex to the United States, and a decree prepared rapidly by the ministry's
bureaucratic structures were sufficient for Naloxone to arrive in Italy too.
"We will issue an appeal to everyone; we will mobilize," Altissimo maintains.
- "T think we will succeed." Special attention will be given to the aspect of
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the problem considered the most difficult: socia7. rehabilitation. The drug
laws already in force permit agreements, contacts by public organizations
- with groups of expert volunteers capable of approaching drug addicts and
- former addicts to help them find an arrangement that protects them defini-
tively "from the epidemic of heroin," as the minister of health defines it.
There are already many such groups functioning in Italy; in the ministry, the
most appropriate ways to coordinate activity and make them increasingly ef-
fective are under study.
Does the push given by Altissimo to the fight against the heavy drugs, by
means including the "cont.rolled distribution of heroin," mean that there
will be action also on the soft drugs (hashish, marijuana, and so on)? And
in particular, that the sale of them, in accordance with proposals and sug-
gestions made by many, especially by the R adicals, some time ago, will be
liberalized? The minister of health is very cautious. "It does not seem to
me that the dilemma of whether the light drugs lead to izse of the hard drugs
or not--as many maintain--has been scientifically resolved yet. Until an
unequivocal answer to this question is arrived at, I frankly do not feel like
making a decision. Moreover, I do not believe a decision is up to me alone.
I will indeed try to get the problem tackled very soon at the European level,
so that, putting our experience and studies all together, we can arrive at a
correct solution. There are really many things that can be done in the area
of the fight against drugs on the ~zropean-community level: to begin with, a
complete ~oint inventory of drugs and standardization of the criteria for
analysis. We shall set these mechanisms in motion also. No one can draw
back from a problem which too often now means death."
COPYRIGHT: IL MONDO 1979
11267
CSO: 5300
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ITALY
, OPIIdIONS ON PLAN TO CONTROL HEROIN DISTRIBUTION
Rome IL SETTIMANALE in Italian 19 Sep 79 pp 18-20
[Article by Enzo Iacopino: "Free Heroin--An Immense Ghetto for Drug Addicts"]
[Text] This is the opinion of former minister of health
Tina Anselmi, who is against the controlled distribution
of heroin. The opinions of Gianfranco Spadaccia and of
Prof Francesco Di Ra.imondo.
The security services took alarm immediately after the first flashes about
the declarations by the minister of health, Renato Altissimo, regaxding pos- -
sible controlled legalization of heroin. Within a few hours, they censulted
military and civilian experts, social and health workers, and prepared a re- ~
port to send to the minister in which they declare the dange.rs of such an in-
itiative, which, according to them, would achieve no appreciable result other
than an initial contraction of the illegal traffic. Altissimo is reflecting.
To understand, he has wanted to meet someone who is living the tragec~y of
drug dependence on the front lines, and is committed to solving the problems
of the man.first, not ~ust the symptoms of the disease. But in Italy, the
fire of debate has been lit, finding public opinion divided, as always. On
the one hand are those who for years have been preaching the advisability of
total liberalization of the use of drugs; on the other are those who, armed
with the experience obtained by other countries, maintain that such enter-
- prises not only do not checlc the problem but alsa help aggravate the causes
of general ma.laise for which--more and more, unfortunately--heroin is the
relief valve. In the middle are two categories of persons: the drug addicts,
indifferent to what happens, and the relatives of those hooked on drugs, tor-
mented by the slow and inexorable agony of their kin.
'~inister Altissimo has sent a delegation from his department to Great Brit ain, -
a country in which controlled legalization has been in force since 1973. The
results can be seen in the table which we publish below, and which obviously,
a,lthough it comes from,an official source such as the Home Office, does not
claim to sum up the reality existing even in the United Kingdom [words miss-
ing] considerable resist ance by drug addicts to presen~ting themselves at the
public offices, which, by law, must register them, sending a copy of the reg-� -
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istration to the police. Margareth Sharp, who initiated the pro~ram in Great
Britain, has declared that the heroin problem in her country has different
dimensions than in Italy because the Ehglish are addicted especially to bar-
biturates. Nevertheless, the supporters of legalization are reviewing their
positions, in view of the results, and a reform of the legislation is already
beginning to be considered.
It should be added that in Great Brit ain there are many therapeutic groups--
that is, cure and reh~.bilitation centers--which, without the use of pharma- '
ceuticals of any kind, help drug addicts to free themselves from slavery to
drugs.
IL SETTIMANALE put several questions on possible controlled legalization of
- heroin to the honorable Tina Anselmi, former minister of health in two gov-
ernments, to Senator Gianfranco Spadaecia, and to Prof Francesco Di
Raimondo, chief physician of the Spallanzani Hospital in Rome, where more
than 500 drug addicts have been admitted in his department in 5 yeara.
~uestion: The declarations by the present minister of health, Altissimo,
have aroused hope and concern. What do you think about them?
Anselmi: The dru~ phenomenon requires that its causes be attacked. In most
cases, it is a matter of family crisis, of lack of motivation in life, of
difficulties of adjustment to society. If we do not want to hide our re-
sponsibilities, we must commit ourselves to eliminating all these factors
that push young people into fleeing from life. This obviously implies a
self-criticism which we must have the courage to make. Of course, this op-
eration h as a health aspect also.
Di Raimondo: To prescind for the moment from any evaluation of what the min-
ister has said, which is a vague idea more than a proposa.l, I want to make
it clear that in tackling the drug problem, one cannot act hastily. In a
~ word, it is not like going into Friuli with earthquake relief. Legalized and
controlled distribution of heroin essentially cannot be a shortcut, but be-
' fore any decision is made, all the fa,ctors must be reviewed very carefully.
Spadaccia: It has to be seen how the proposal will be articulated. In ~any
case, the minister already deserves credit for breaking t~e inertia that pre-
vailed in this field. This is enormously positive.
Question: Altissimo's proposal should see the light around Christmastime.
Four years ago, also in December, the new law on the use of narcotic and
psychotropic substances was passed. It was said at the time that it would
help solve~many problems.
Anselmi: Very little has been done through application of law 685. The
mental-health centers provided for in the standards are insufficient both in
number and in services offered. I believe that the antidrug law placed too
much emphasis on the health aspect, which is necessaxy but not sufficient in
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ii;self. Fssentially, tYiere has been inadequate action by the public sector.
More must be done. In what direction? I maintain that we must concentrate
on preventive work covering all of society. The public institutions must be _
_ linked with the voluntary organizations, which in Italy as in other countries
~ must mobilize to help young people get away from drugs.
- Spadaccia: That law is responsible for many things. First of all, for hav-
ing confronted the problem only half`Gray. And the results are obvious to
everyone. The diffusion of heroin has risen sharply. There has been a de-
crease in criminalization, to be sure; but then it happens that in the same `
zone where the manager of D~R SPIEGEL was in jail for ~+8 hours, other young
people, in an analogous situation, remain for weeks. The law has created an
artificial distinction between consumer and dealer, not ta~ing account of
the fact that the former is inevitably forced to sell other mortal doses in
order to get his own. Thus, the structures created by the law are largely
- inadequate to their task.
(~uestion: Fundamentally, what is the enemy?
Spadaccia: Here is the point. The enemy is heroin, because one gets used to _
it and it therefore leads to drug dependence. We must have the courage to
say that marijuana and hashish are not drugs because they do not kill anyone.
The Communists themselves, years after law 685, are realizing that we were
right to maintain this and they are proposing liberalization. They are ar-
riving years late on all problems because they continue to hold that reality
coincides with their categories. But life passes them by instead. In any
' case, if one does not have the courage to say that mari,juana and hashish are
not drugs, one must say that coffee and alcohol are, and also the car that
- one drives at 150 kilometers an hour. Let it be clear, anyway, that I have
never believed in the search for happiness by a facile escape into drugs.
~7
auestion: There are those who maintain that the light drugs lead to use of
the heavy ones, basing their assertions on the fact that all heroin addicts
have known mari~uana an d hashish.
Anselmi: The transition is inevitable, and leads to drug dependence that in-
jures the entire personality physically and psychically. We must therefore
help the young person to escape from drug dependence, not prolong the depen-
dence by controlled distribution. That is neither healthful npr moral: it is
a ghettoization that runs counter to respect for every person's personality,
for which we must all have regaxd. It is not worthwhile to say that with
legalization, one wants to pursue the goal of reducing the thefts and vio-
lence committed by heroin addicts. v~e may not repeat, in another field, -
legislation that bears a strong resemblance to the legislation on prostitution
that has been repealed, even if at first sight it may appear humane, whereas
it is actual~y simplistic and inhumane.
Spadaccia: The prob lem must be confronted uithout moralism. I am not in-
terested only in rehabilitating the drug ad~ict. Even more people die in
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~.uto accidents today; there are people who kill themselves for the same -
re~,sons for wYiich ottiers drug themselves--without ever usinq heroin, but
,jump:ing off st~.ircases. Yet no one says: let's abolish cars, let's abolish
staircases. One asks why young people are taking drugs. In a world in which
one sees 50 million people die from hunger without anyone's being concerned
about it, sure, you will find Curcio and your son shooting up. In this soci-
ety, the value oi life is being turned inside out; the expression of social-
ism today is Vietnam and Cambodia, wl ~h some defend.
Di Raimondo: The problem should be faced calmly. One should consider the
psychosocial motivation for an individual choice. The choice of drugs is a
"second" choice," as one says; the "first" choice is for nonlife. By nega-
tive conversion, the group substitutes for school, family, work without
ethical limits. After the transition from light drugs to the heavy ones, the
return becomes extremely difficult.
Question: What injury does heroin do to the organism?
Di Raimondo: First of all, there is injury to the hepatic cells by the ad-
juvants. In the case of strichnine, it can be fatal, but the in~ury done b5~ _
_ talcum and marble dust can be considerable too. It is probable ~;hat heroin
too causes harm to the liver, as the derivatives of cannabis do. In any
case, both the one and the others contribute to a lowering of one's capacity -
to fight infectious diseases. In 80 percent of drug addicts, the viral-
hepatitis virus that brings on chronic forms leading to cirrhosis and death .
is present.
Question: What would be the advantages of controlled legalization of heroin?
Spadaccia: Legalized access solves two problems: it protects the drug addict
from the possibility of death caused by the adjuvant substances, and it cuts
out the spiral of involvement and the relationship between consumer and
dealer. -
Anse~mi: I repeat that in my opinion it will change into a de-facto ghetto-
ization of drug addicts. The initiatives taken through law or other means
will have to be adequate to the health and human needs that are dr~amatically
presented to us by the problem of the drug addicts.
Spadaccia: Fra.nkly, I think that this is not so important to the drug addict
as his concern about registration. The route taken can be that of inedical
prescription of heroin, with the obvious risk of abuse, but a lesser risk
- than at present, or the controlled-distribution route; but the contraindica-
- tion in the latter case is both the distrust about relations with the insti- -
tutions and the situation of the clinica.l units, which are falling apart and -
are overloaded beyond all tolerance.
Di Raimondo: I prefer to put some questions for evaluation by those who will
have to decide. Is the controlled distribution of heroin conceived with the -
aim of breaking the habit, and is it expected to break the habit within a
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1~4 ~ 19 6 19
T~~tal number 1,615 1,815 1,970 1,952 1,879 2,023
including: men 1,194 1,369 1,459 1,438 1,388 1,1+68
women ~+21 ~+~+6 511 511+ 1+91 555
Age Groups: under 20 96 84 64 39 18 20
20-2~+ 727 75~ 692 562 ~+11 387
25-29 376 530 68~+ 75~+ 809 826
30-3~+ 117 134 163 219 2~+7 355
35-~+9 118 136 163 169 189 208
~+9 and older 165 180 197 193 188 201
age not ascertained 16 1 7 16 17 26
specific time? Will the doses which the institutior~s give the drug addict
be sufficient for him, or will he continue to use the illegal market? Do we
- really have the information for knowing the in~ury that heroin does to the
organism? What are the consequences of pure heroin, which so far has not
circulated in Italy? Won't the heroin addict, feel~ng legalized, fall into
the st ate of mind of the chronic invalid, without any further stimulus to
take action? And fla.rthermore, are we certain that the hoped-for drop in
criminal activity will occur, or rather, won't the addict, having no will to
work, continue to maintain his links with the underworld?
Question: But is it possible that there won't be a therapeutic community?
Sp adaccia: There are two levels--the macrosociety and the microsociety. In -
this latter field, I as ~ust one individual can take action. Because of
this, I am not against initiatives like that of Don Mario Picchi, who has
a therapeutic community here in Rome. Of course, they work in a very limited
- field.
Anselmi: There is a third way. In Rome in September last year there was
held the third world congress of Therapeutic Communities. We heard how
_ throughout the world these communities ~et close to the young people, offer
their solidarity, friendship, opportunities for work� and a roof over their
heads, and help them to remotivate themselves and not be alone in life. We
have such experiments going in our country too, and they should be supported
and aided financially.
1~267
Cso: 5300
.
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~
ITALY
5UPR)RT FnR ALTISSIMO'S PLAN TO (JONTROL Hl~ROIN DTSTRIBUTION
Milan L'EURO PDD in Italian l3 sep 79 P 3 ~
[Article by Mario Pirani]
[Text] It is indeed true--aa Michelangiolo Notarianni xritea in IL
MANIFESTO--that druge are the culsinating point of the crisia of consu~er~
ism--a kind of "general nerchandise," he aays, "that ayntheai~ea all
consuRer gr~ods in a single oonwodity xhich consutes the aoneumer." The
same opinion, moreover~ rras expresaed in a aost elementary faehion by -
Minister of the Interior Rognoni in his interviex at Scalfari When he
disclosed that "kidnapings and drugs are the txo terrible evila of indus-
- trialization."
Very xell= let us grant that this iB true. Wt~t then? Can xe be content
with tha u8ua1 sociophilosophical lucubrationa~ in the preeence of a dra~
that ia striking do~+n its young victiaia at an increaeingly rapid rate and
is invading not only liaited areaa of certain large cities but achoole,
factories, barraeka~ prison6 (20 pereent of all prisonars are drug addicta!),
working-class dietricts, and aiddle-class districts? There are no longer
any knoxledgeable parente xho do not have to xorry about the~r oxn children~
and no one believes that polics repreasion auPficee to contro3, thie phenoas-
non.
Today the havoc ~rought by heroin hae beeoae a political problea of the
first ~agnitude i and xe a~gree Kitt~ deputy Altiasia~o ~ xho in an interviex
gzanted to our nexepsper spoke of ths possibility of e controlled legsliza-
tion of ihe markot. We underatand yery kell the aensitivity,--ineluding the
e~oral ~`enaitivity--of this sub~ecti but xe auBt atteapt, in a refora~istic
e~nd empirical ~ay~ to attack the proble~ xith the ob~ect of obtaining ao~e
me~e,aure of succeas ~ knoKing full xell t,hat only psrtial su~ceases a,re
� poesible and that laxs xill certsinly aot overco~e the trend toxard de~pair~
eecape by suicide~ and death.
Our~~current experience telld ue t,ha,t the 19'75 laN--the product of
a thoussnd
coaprosiaea betxeen the DC Christian de~ocrat,s] and the cauunista--haa
largely been a failure. Th e l~x "decri~inali~ed" the so-oalled "soft"
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drugs for pereonal use (although only in appearance) and sentenced to
prison--xithout exception--all heroin addicta~ Kho muat every day sell tKo
envelopes in order to eaxn one for theneelvee. In 4 yeara a eituation has
developed xhereby drug addicte are transForsed into distributora in a
frenzied que8t for proaelytea; the market of death obeya ite perverBe
exponential logict and the Mafia gangatsris~ that controls this a~rket
cleverly au~nipult~tes doft drugs and "t~rd" dru8a (eooeti.vee purhing th�
- former alsoet gratis in order that they csn subeequently csus~ thea+ to
diaappear and "convince" the predestined victime to s~.~:^!~ to the latter). _
Thie infernal circle can be b~oken--at least in one reapect--by controlled
legaliza~tion, which xould spare the drug addict the daily hunt for hie
ration, Kith its sequel of burglariea~ bag-snatchings, violence, grostitu-
tion and--above all--nex cornerta. The ad~ainiatration of heroin--under
medical supervision and in appropriately equipped centers that are aupported
by experts and paycholugists Kith the aim of rehabilitating the addict--xould
alao offer the advantage of avoiding the use of "conta,minated" heroin~ xhich
is almoet alxays the ultimate ~cauee of so many deaths (most usera die beca.uee _
they do not knoK trhat they are putting into the syringe; because the "cut" is
exce~aive or the mi~cture is poieoned xith strychnine; because When the
addict8 are in a coma no help is forthcoming; or because in the eecurity
rooms, or in the ~ails, they are abandoned unti]. they cammit suicide during
their crises of ?rithdraxal).
If this course is undertaken decisively, and if it is accowpanied by a genu-
ine liberalization of the la.xs governing mrihuana a,nd haehiah (xhich are
certainly no more harmful than tobacco or alcohol) ~ t;~e entire Me,fioeo
criminal structure xhich is currently proliferating in the black market for
drugs xould be sniaehed at one stroke.
~le are axare that the initisl psychological reaction of the great ma~ority
of public opinion may Kell be re~ection of such propo+se,ls. If, hoxever, xe
- are able to discern--behind. the veil of moral re~traints that are more than
justified--the terrible reallty that facea ue and has rend.ered us conpletely
defenseless (if there are any other credible and effective proposals, let
them be presented), then xe have no other choice than to undertake the only
remaining solution, even though it be only a partial solution but one that
is cap~.ble of conf,aining, reducing, and above all controlling thia phenove-
non.
Instea~ ~f debating the "historic congro~?ise" or the "leftiet alternstive~"
the governme:t~ the politica,l paxties and the parlianent xould do xell to
deal xith this problem and demonatrate at least once a capacity for corre-
lating politics xith real life.
CO PYRIGHT: 1979 Rizzoli Dditore
10992
cso : 5300
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ITALY
MILAN TO 0 PEIV FIRST AID 5TATION FUR ~RUG ADDICTS
Milan OORRIERE DEL1,A SF~tA in Italian 26 Sep 79 p 17 ~
[Article by Augwato A~zzoli]
[Text] The recovery of drug addicte on the basis of thia
initiative ia the firat exanple of cooperation in a
- hospital betxeen public health officer8 and experta on -
this problea. A responae has been aade to the ~oxing
demand for first aid etatione in the Baggio and Gia~bellino
districts.
The first "screening clinic" for drug addicts xill be opened at San Carlo
Hospitalo This service--xhich xill at laat eee the operatora of the public
h9alth eatablishoent acting in vooperation xith public health pereonnel
atationed throughout the territ,ory--may becoae the eolution for re~ec~ying
the atate of ineffectiveness xhich has to date characterized sll atteapts
to help drug addicta to reenter the nainBtrea~ of society.
This initiative xas draxn up by the "council of public health officera" of
San Carlo Hospital, xho are concern~d xith responding to the gioxing detrand
for firat aid stations for drug addicts in districts a~ch as Baggio and
Gian?bellino Where heroin use ie aBpecially xidespreed. In thia hoapitsl--
as in a nwnber of aunicipal hospitala--drug addicts have nevsr receivsd
adequate a8siatance.
What, then, aare the p1anB to correct this eeri~ouB deficiency? Public
Health Director Ccsare Molinari~ in preaenting the plan for the "ecreening
clinic" (xhich ie acheduled to go into operation in early Octobsr) said~
"The first ob3ective Ke xsnt to achieve ie rationa,lisation oi the firat aid
service. I~hile first aid xill alxay6 be applied to s~ergenay csaes~ the
main ~pzoble~n ia that of hospitallzing thoae drug addicts xho deaire detoxi-
fication through a well-defined pzograa oF treataent~ ao as to avoid
nistakes that cause confusion xithin the eatablish~ent and leave the drug
addicte theaselves diseatisfied.
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"The most preseirlg problem, hoxever," he continued. "is xhat happens Mhen
- these patients are disctaarged. Until the present tiae, once the detoxifi-
cation theiapy is co,pleted th~re have been no alternatives to returning
the addicts to the s~uue environa~ent xhera they learned ths drug habit~ eo
that they are left xith ths e~ue diffioulti~e to overco~a~. In order for
the dction taken by the hospital to be a~aningful~ it ie essentSsl for tho
public health personnel to eetablish a liaieon xith thoae outaide entitieB -
which are in a position to enaure that at the moment of hie discharge tho ~
addict does not find himself left to his oxn resources."
All personnel (psychologists~ social xorkers~ doctors and psychiatrists)
already assigned to asaist the addicta-s~hould therefore be traneferred to
the "screening center." Until nox~ these personnel have had to Kork in
aeparate departments.
"Griginally," Director Molina,ri continued~ "consideration xas given to
establishing this aervice at the existing outside facilities~ but ke
~ subsequently realized that the addicts did not like these centera, trent to
them only rarely, and did not xant to nteet xith the psychiatrists becauee
they did not Kant to appear insane. The ineffectiveness of theae centers
is~ moreover, an established fact, just ae it is equally true that the ~
hospital has never shown itaelf able--by itself--to provide an adequate
response to the problem."
With reapect to the importance of the inauguration of this service, certain
entities concerned xith the drug problem (the a.nti-drug dapendency co~a?ittee
of the San Carlo Hospital superintendents' council; the coordinated anti-
drug dependency campaign of the 17th and 18th districts; the Nex Com~nunity -
_ organization; and a group of public health office~s of the sa~ae hospital)
have issued a docwnent in Khich they declare: "Although physical detoxifi-
cation remains an important' task of the hospital, this cannot be the only
type of demand for health aervices on the part of drug addictg. This
service should primarily be the initial instru~entality for contact xith
those addicts Who voluntaxily desire help in the form of huma.n ralations
and medical advice. It $hould act as intermediary bett+een the public
health function, on the one hand, and the social reality of the city dis-
tricts and the cities in general. It should therefore be able, When
indica,ted, to refer drug a.ddicts to the other entities--public or private--
a,s an alternative or ultimately to the firat aid service for detoxificstion."
CO PYRIC~iT: 1979 ~itoriale del "Corriere della Sera" s.a.s.
. 10992
- csa= 5300
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~rxx~
BRIEFS
HASHISH SEIZED--Security forces discovered 102 kilograms of powder hashish in
_ a village in Pazarcik, a district of Kahramanmaras. A pistol, dynamite fuses
and a dynamite cap were also found hidden behind bushes together with the
hashish. An investigation has been started. [Ankara Domestic Service in
Turkish 2000 GMT 17 Oct 79]
CSO: 5300
END
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