JPRS ID: 9063 LATIN AMERICA REPORT

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• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/9063
30 April 1980 -
~ Latin ~m~rica Re ort
p
- CFOUO 9/80)
- FBIS ~OR~IGN BF~OADCA~T INFORMATIO~I SERVICE
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JPRS L/9063 -
30 April 1980 -
LAT~N AMERICA REPORT -
(FOUO 9/80)
CONTENTS PAGE
I~iTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS
MAS Issues beclaration on Cuban-Venezuelan Relations
(PRELA, 9 Apr 80) 1
Brie�s
Cuba's Almeida in Jamaica 2
_ COLOMBIA
Government Dacides Ta Expedite Talka Wi~h M-19
_ (P. Pablo Camaxgo; PRELA, 15 Apr 80) 3
CUBA
'PRELA' Criticizea U.S. Caribbean Maneuvers
(Ivonne Pastor ~arra; PRELA, 22 Apr 80) 5 .
U.S. 'Preseure' on Greece, 7'urkey Cited
(Miguel Lozano; PRELA, 13 Apr 80) 7
~ 'PRELA' Co~mnents on U.S. Olympic Committee Decision
(Rolando Lahera; PRELA, 13 Apr 80i 9
Article Analyzea Cuban Reaction to U.S. Activities
(I~nuel Felipe Sierra; PRELA, 16 Apr 80) 11
U.S. Alliea Unwilling To Back Confrontation With USSR
(PRELA, 16 Apr 80) 14
'PRELA' Reporte on CBK's Meeting in Support of Government
(PREI.A, 13 Apr SO) 15
Text of Foreign Miniatry Statement on Andean Lima Meeting
(PRELA, 11 Apr 80) 17
- a - [III - LA - 1~i~ FOUO]
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_ CONTENTS (Continued)
Briefe
Carter's HaiCian Refugees Policy 19 '
EI. SALVA~OR
BPR's Chacon Inter~viewed on Junta, U.S. ~nterference
(Mario Menendez Rodriguez; PRELA, 13 Apr 80) 20 -
FDR Head Sees Danger of 'Maesive U.S. Snterference' -
(Andrea Escobar; PRELA, 18 Apr 80) 26
Salvadorans See Growing Revolutionary Unity at Home -
(PRELA, 16 Apr 80) 28
Report on Formation of FDR Coalition
(Andres Eacobar; RRELA, 17 Apr 80) 29
MEXICO
Paper Says Mexico Doee Not Share Hoatilities Againat Cuba
(PRELA, 17 Apr �0) 30
NICARAGUA
Briefa
Sandiniet Youth on U.S. Maneuvers 3i -
PANAMA
PDP "Leader Urges Progressive Groupa To Suppoxt Cuba
(Silvio T. Mendiandua; PRELA, 10 Apr 80) 32
Briefs
'BAYANO': U.S. Provoking Cuba 34 '
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INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS
= BRIEFS
CUBA'S ALMEIDA IN JAMAICA--Kingston, 12 Apr (PL)--Juan Almeida Bosque,
member of the Politburo of the Cuban Communist Party Central Committee and
vice president of the Council of State, arrived in Jamaica today at the
head o� a three-man delegation. At the Jamaica International Airport he
was received by Dudley Thompson, national security minister and president
of the ruling Peoples National Party, Cuban Ambassador Ulises Estrada -
Leacalle, Jamaican Foreign Ministry officials and the personnel of the
Cuban Stgte Miseion in Kingaton. The Cuban delegation includes also Jesus
" Montane Oropeea, member of the Central Caamnittee, and Aramis Fuentea, chief -
of the foreign relations seczion of the Cuban Communist Party. Almeide and ~
Thompeon conversed ~ordially with the viaiting high-level Cuban delegation.
" [Text~ [PA122349 Havana PRELA in Spanis~ 2315 GMT 12 Apr 80 PA]
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CUBA
'PRELA' CRITICIZES U.So CARIBBEAN MANEUVERS
PA231242 Havana PRELA in Spaniah 0311 GMT 22 Apr 80
[Article by Ivonne Pastor Parra]
[Text] The U.S. military maneu~~era clos e to CL~a and the landing of marines
at the Guantanamo Nava1 Base are considered a provocation and a thre.at to
Caribbean and Latin American peoplea.
The "Solid Shield 80" maneuvers, to begin on 1 May with the purpose of re-
_ hearsing an invasion of Cuba, have been denounced a8 part of an anti-Cuban
cold war campaign promoted by Preaident James Carter and his national
aecurity adviser Zbigniew Brzeztnaki.
Not only does Washir.gton carry out these provocations againet Cuba, firet
socialist co~*_+.try in Latin America, but it also drafts destabilization
: plana which the CYA and Che Pentagon promote ~gainat Nicaragua, Grenada
- and Jamaica, ae well as other maneuvers to confront the growing liberation
atruggle of the people~ in the region.
Whil~e the United States interferes in Salvadoran domestic affairs, it also
_ intenaifies economic and military aid to the military junta in this Central
American country and installs new U.S. militar,y bases in the Swan Islands
in the Caribbean and in the Gulf of Fonseca.
The maneu~~ers which the United States has scheduled close to Cuba and the
- new landing of marines at the Guantanamo Naval Base, a territory illegally
- occupied by Washington since 1898, have been criticized by world public
opinion and described as a means of exerting military pressure on this
Caribbean Island.
Nicaraguan Interior Minister Toma.s Borge recentl~ said that the U.S. raar
maneuvers cause concern in NicaTagua and in Latin American nations, which
cannot unde~ratand this display of military power.
"I believe that the maneuvera are a provocation and that the United States
should give an explanation for them because it is a very great and qtrong
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country from a military point.of view and one cannot say that these ma-
neuversare caused by the fear of an aggresaion by some Latin American coun-
try," Borge said.
The Nicaraguan interi.or minis~er also referred to the great propaganda
campaign which the U.S. i:iormation media carried out in reeponee to hie
st$temente that "if the United States invades Salvadoran territory Nicaragua
would also feel attacked."
Why the alarm, Borge asked, or is it that the United States really intends
to invade E1 Salvador? The proper thing to do ie to say that the United
- States does not intend to interve~~e.
_ Meanwhile, Grenada Prime Minister Maurice Bishop said on 15 April that any
action against the Cuban revolution, "is condemned to failure and would
be repudiated by all the peoples of the world."
He added that the manipulation by the Western press of the incidents at the
Peruvian Embassy in Cuta conceals the real ~,urposes of the U.S. military
maneuvers in the Caribbean aimed~at the Cer.tral American libexation mave-
ments.
The Latin American Journalista Federation (FELAP), which has ita head-
quarters in Mexico, issued a de~laration supporting the Cubau revolution
in view of the events at the Peruvian Embasay in Havana and repudiating
- Che U.S. military maneuvera.
In FELAP's opinion, the pub licity campaign againet Cuba uses psychological
warfare mechanisme prior to direct aggression by U.S. imperialism on the
island at a time when the aggreeaive forces headed ~y Washington are being
defeated in all parts of the world.
In Panama the plenum of the 5th National Panamanian Workers Congress and
_ t'~e main women's organizations repudiated the U.S. military maneuvers and
sF,;:i that the events at the Peruvian Embassy in Cuba are linked to an aggrea-
sive U.S. plan againet the revolutionary movements in Central America and
the Caribbean.
Meanwhile the Soviet newapaper PRAVDA said that the U.S. intends to dis-
credit th~ Cuban revolution and pretends to distort the peaceful nature of
Cuban foreign policy aa well as to undermine its active role in the non-
- aligned country movement.
He added that aince these plans are not working, the United States Govern-
ment is beginning to rely on the direct threat method and on military pres-
aure on Cuba. H~ emphasized that evident expreseions of this are the plane
to carry aut military maneuvera in the Caribbean and at the Guantanamo Naval
- Base next May. ~
The anti-Cuban nature of the provocation is evident to all aad the offeneive
charact~r of the maneuvers is also emphasized by the fact that the official
J representativea of the Carter administrati.on in Waeh~ngton have begun a aort
of "psychologiaal war" agai_nst Cuba, PRAVDA said.
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CUBA
U.S. 'PRESSURE' ON GREECE, TURKEY CITED
PA14152 9 Havana PRELA in Spanish 2245 GMT 13 Apr 80
[Commentary by Miguel Lozano: "The United Statee: Pressure on NATO's
Southern Flank"]
[Text] The visit of U.S. senatora to Greece and Turkey makes it more evi-
deat that Washington, in a maneuver not unconnected to election interesta, -
is trying "to tighten the acrewa" oa its two allfes fallowing its latest
_ failures in the area.
Thie is just a new element in the complex tangle of presaures and haggling
to obtain concessions that characterizes the relations among the three
countries. However, the tour through Athens and Ankara by the U.S. congresa-
- men has provoked unreot among Greek and Turkish groupa, especially thoae in
the oppoaition. -
- The Turkiah press has atated that the meetings went beyond traditional
parliamentary relatione between the two nations and had the fundamental
ob3ective of alerting the 'Purkieh leaders about "the Soviet threat in the -
area." ~
Some political observers have said that the tour by the congresemen was to
prepare eventual future ateps againet countries not sharing the opinion of
the U.S. administration regarding the alleged Soviet threat in tne area.
As the lateat activities by WAShington show--especially since the fa11 of
the republican government of Bulent Ecevit and its replacement by that of
_ rightist Suleyman Demirel--the fact is that the United States apparently
has great expectatione regarding Turkish participation in the application
- of the "Carter doctr~ne" in the Middle East and Near East. -
Until now the Turkish lead~rs have aupported with reservations the U.S.
plana. A U.S. Senate repnrt made public in Ankara by the daily HURRIYET
noted U.S. disguat with the way the Turks use their etrategic importance -
to negotiate and obtain bigger loans and economic aid.
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In Athena, meanwhile, the newapapers TO VIMA, RIZOSPASTIS, and PROINI have
stated that the trip by membera of the U.S. Houae of Repreaentatives For-
eign Relations Co~nittee ia part of the "continuous preseure" exerted on _
Greece and T~rkey to obtain mure conceasions for the sake Af unity in NATO's
eoutheast wing.
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,
' P:tEI,~'~' COP'Il~'IENTS ON U. S. OLYNIPIC GONL:1'PTEE DEC IS ION
PA140442 Havana PRELA in Spanish 2315 GMT 13 Apr 80 P.~
[Commentary by Rolando Lahera: "Carter's Autogoal"]
[Text] The deciaion of the U.S. Olympic Committee to abstain from partici-
_ pating in the Moscow games is a dead-eye shot at the Iieart of the U.S.
athletes, an autogol [a goal scored by a player against his own team) against -
_ the goalposta of President Jamea Carter. .
In order not to loae the aubsidy aeaigned by Congress and knowi~g perfectly
well that the Ca-rter administration as a last resort would e~en arreat the
athlete~ to prevent them from travelling to Moscow, the U.S. Olympic Com-
mittee yielded to the government preesurea which it and endured for the
last 3 montheo
- Now then, we aek what are the argumente used to boyc~tt the upcoming Olympic
- games: What is the purpose and who will be harmed most?
Ever since President Carter on 20 January told the U.S. athletea they ahould
noC participate in the Olympic game~ as a protest of Soviet aid to Afghanis-
tan, observers confirmed that as a laet resource, Carter would try to impoee
h9.s decieion to prevail at any prfce. _
The only reason he is doing this is to protest the Soviet aid to Afghanistan,
to try to make the world think that the Soviet Union--which owns large oil
depoaits in Siberia--is trying to take possesaion of its neighbora' "black
gold." -
The "leitmotiv" uaed is obviously weak, as it is we11 known that the USSR
is not lacking the elemental hydrocarbon while, on the other hand, the
United States is short of this product and has daily probZems with its
suppliers, such as Iran. -
The objective is to project a false image at the upcouing aummer Olympic
games that the U.S. athletes abstained from attendiag the gamea to proteat
the aforementioned reason. A U.S. newspaperman asked: "Who is protesting,
- our athletes ar our President?"
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The athletes had expressed their viewpoints 3 weeks ago during a meeting
with the U.S. chief of atate and came out of that meeting feeling disap-
- painted, chxrging that their opiniona were not tiaken into accc~unt; that _
- only the opinion of President Carter prevailed. ~
The Lake Placid wii~ter Olympics were held 3 montha ago without man~~ diffi-
- culties, except those ampoaed on the Soviet Union to block their particiFa-
tion. Nevertheless, the games were daminated by the USSR and t~e GDR repre-
sentatives. -
During those games, not only was the U.S. Olympic Committee subjected to
preseuree, but efforts were also made to convince the International Olympic
Committee to r.:ove the games from Moscow. The U.S. kickers, ?~owever were
left without a goalpost in which to kick their dirty s~ccer ball. =
~ In view of this, t~ey started to close in on the U.S. Olym~ic Coma~ittee and
_ threatened t~ withdraw their subsidy and annul the legal claus~ that en-
titles the U.S. ~Jlyuipic Committee to decide its participation in Olympic
games.
So, the meeting over this weekend at Colorado Springa took place under those
conditions. The U.S. vice president delivered his unfortunate epeech there,
making comparisona between th~ 1936 Olympic games in Berlin and the upcoming
ones in Moscow.
Walter Mondale tried to uae the black athletes as standard bearers, despite
_ their repeated proteats (remember the cttse of Tommie Smith and John Carlos
in the Mexico 0lympics, athletes whose medals were taken from them) of the _
- diacrimination to which the negroes are subjected in the United States.
Those most affected, in fact the only ones affected, were the athlet~s, -
the hundreds of young men a.:d women who for the past 4 years had their
sighta fixed on the Soviet capital and dreamed of the gold medal and the
- popularity and preatige that would help asaure them a more pleasant future
in a nation with a percent rate of unemployament.
Now these qoung man and women, who bitterly received the decision of the ,
Olympic Co~nittee as their 4 yeara of daily efforte, sacrificea and limita-
_ tions auddenly crumbled, saaly obaerve the frustrated reunion with their _
Olympic friends.
Preaident Carter, who apparently is not too fortunate as an athlete (laet _
year he fainted while participating in a long 3istance race) finally de-
cided to kick the ball into his own goalposts. The autogol is the price
of those who launch into a soccer game without knowing the technicalities
- of the game. _
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_ 1 CUBA
U.S. ALLIES UNWILLING TO BACK CONFRONTATION W TTH USSR
PA172313 Havana PRELA in Spanish 1905 GMT 16 Apr 80 ~
- [Text] Havana, 16 Apr (PL)--According to the newspaper GRANMA, President
James Carter's administration ia attempting to torpedo the policy of detente
which sensible peoples and governments are aiming for.
GRANMA says that the United States endeavors to justify its attitude by re-
sorting, as on previous occasions, to the "needs of national security,"
allegedly threstened by the USSR, and that the announcement of future U.S. ~
military maneuvers in the Caribbean were made in the context of this war-
mongering hysteria.
With regard to the worn out propaganda of a"Soviet threat," the newspaper
eays that with this~propaganda the United Statea is trying to recover the
apherea of influence it has lost lately.
Thia propaganda also exposea the U.S. Government's ruae to try to ~ink the
liberating efforts of the peoplea with alleged "Soviet expansionism." _
GRANMA also states that in spite of all ita warmongering and ita efforts
to carry other Western countries with it, the United Statea doea not always
_ succeed.
On this lat~ter subject, it quotes an article appearing in NEWSWEEIC which
etatea that the French considE~r Carter's severity a passing thing and be-
' lieve that it ia a product of his desire for reelection and is not for r4a1.
GR~NMA points out that according to the economist, Denmark is reluctant to
follow in NATO's footsteps, while France refuses to carry out Carter's -
confrontation policy.
According to U.S. NEWS AND WORLD REPORT, GRANMA says, if Carter turne to the
U.S. allies for atrong and unwavering support to confront the Soviet Union
he will probably be disappointed.
The newapaper stresses that "the U.S. warmongering hyateria has not produced
a responae from all the governmenta in Europe and other continenta, but hae
- arouaed concern and alarm in many capitalist countries."
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CUBA
'PRELA' REPORTS ON CDR'S MEETING IN SUPPORT OF GOVERNMENT
PA141751 Havana PRELA in Spanish 2325 GMT 13 Apr 80 PA
[Text] Havana, 14 Apr (PL)--Some 100,000 members of the Committees for _
the Defenae of the Revolution (CDR) gathered here to exprese their support
for Cuba's stand on the Peruvian Embasey incfdents.
After the national anthem, recorded excerpts of Supreme Revolutionary
Leader Fidel Castro'a speech on 28 September 1960, announcing the creation
of the CDR's were p~layed. . .
Before National CDR Coordinator Armando Acosta delivered th~ :losing speech,
t~~ - people chanted slogans repudiating those who remain in the Peruvian
Embasey waiting to leave the ieland.
Some of the placarda carried by the crowd read: "Ae who does not agree
with our eocialiet revolutio~ ahould leave," and "out with those who live
off our work."
In his speech, Acosta stated that "we do n~t want that_ Eore to remain inside
the Peruvian Embaesy here in Cuba and for this reason, our people are
mobilizing to a single clamor: 'Out with them."' -
_ According to the CDR leader, an international imperialiet maneuvPr is cur-
rently underway to distort the real image of what is happening in Cuba.
Regarding this, he explatned that "in order to defend the security of an
embasay, we lost a combatant, a son of the people, one day." He said that
- as of that moment, ther~ has been a reaction abroad becauae Cuba decided -
- to withdraw the guards from that embaesy.
Nonethelesa, he added, nothing h~e been said about the attention the revo-
lutionary government is giving those who remain inside the embasay due to
the Per~lvian diplomats' inability to confront the situation they themselve8
created. In Aco~ta's opinion, thie attention conatitutes an unprecedented
case in the area o� international diplomacy.
He also criticize3 the Andean Pact members, which are still discussing
how many of thoae inside the Peruvian Embasey they will receive in their
reapective countriea.
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Regarding manifestationc~ abroad aimed at frightening the Cuban people, he -
said that no threat will have any effect, just as they did not have any
- effect on Nicaragua.
He then announced that beginning Moaday there will be other more numerous -
~xpresaione of popular support for the Cuban Governm~~t's positiona and
of repudiation of thoee who, from ineide the Peruvian Embaesy, seek to
abandon the island. -
In conclueion, he invited foreign newemen to vieit this country in order
to observe and report on a people waging a revolution and a true democracy.
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CUBA
TEXT OF FOREIGN MINISTRY STATEMENT ON ANDEAN LTMA MEETING
PA112331 Havana PRELA in Spaniah 1845 GM'P 11 Apr 80 PA
[Text~ Havana, 11 Apr (PL)--The Cuban Foreign Relations Ministry has isaued
the following statement: ,
Simultaneously with the announcement made in Washington that the U.S. air,
sea and ground forces will hold a 3-week maneuver next month in the Carib-
bean with thousands of eoldiere, dozens of ships and hundreds of aircraft,
and in apite of the fact that theee maneuvere aze simed against Cuba, the
struggle of the Salvadoran people againat the Chrietian Democratic-military
- junta, which has the aupport of the U.S. Government and other reactionary
regimes in the area, and even though theee maneuvers involve the landing
of 2,000 marinee at Guantanamo, a emall area of Cuban territory held il-
legally by the United States, the Andean Pact coneultive council met in
Lima to discuse matters related to the right to asylum and the right to
operate diplomatic misaions, thereby confirming the statement of the Cuban
Revolutionary Government issued in regard to the incidenta at the Peruvian
Embasey in Havana. It is a fact that theae two eventa coincide suspiciously
= with the intensification of hoatile acts, threats of aggression and U.S.
_ maneuvera against our country.
Cuba has stated that it recognizes the right to asylum and takes advantage
of this occasion to say that those who undermine, distort and discredit
the institution of asylum are those who in the name of asylum harbor common
criminals who have no political attitudes of any kind and who ahould not
offend freedom fighters by identifying with them.
Whenever these aituations have occurred in Havana, the Cuban authorities
have preaented the criminal recorda of the persons involved. It would be
well to remember rhat the institution of asylum, which began in Europe,
di8appeared ~ust~as irresponsibility and abuses served to protect criminals
responsible for heinous crimeg. -
~ It would be well to make it elear that the withdrawal of Cuban guards
occurred at the Peruvian and Venezuelan embassies in Havana. This had been
repeatedly requested on previous occasions, both by the Venezeulan and
- Peruvian representations in our country.
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In regard to the recent incidents at the Peruvian Embassy in Havana, we ~
want to note that encouragement of violence against diplomattc miasiona,
auch ae harboring common criminals and admitting them after their crimes,
- resulted in the death of Pedro Ortiz, whoae death was feit deeply by the
Cuban people, who eay him fall in the defense of the diplomatic mieaion.
Pedro Ortiz died defending the diplomatic community in Havana, and the
events which led to his death aerved to encourage violence by allowing
attacke on a diplomatic misaion when peaceful meana of obtaining visas
do not succeed.
We repeat the question asked in ita 7 April editorial by GRANMA, official
paper of the Cnbar. Communist Party Central Co~nittee:
Why thia absurd policy of granting visas to those who enter by force,
without any justification, and denying them to thoae who request them
- peacefully? An example of this is those who are waiting for visas from
the governments of countries they want to visit, such as the United States.
The principles of international law involved in the right to operate mis-
sions have been violated by the diplomatic missiona.irrvolved :_n theae events.
Embassies are being used in a manner incompatible with the functions of a
diplouratic mission, becoming dens of criminals. Likewise they violate the
asylum conventions of Havana in 1928 and Caracas in 1954 when these persons
are not turned over to the local government, since they are not covered by
any of the con3itions for asylum.
May thie serve to reasaert the attitude expreesed in the Cuban Revolutionary
Government's note of 4 April to the effect that it is not opposed to the
departure of those who want to leave legally for Venezuela and Peru or for
any other country, with the authorization of the correaponding government.
The exception to this is th~se persons who entered the embassies by force
when guarda were posted at their gates.
During the entire revolutionary period Cuba has opened its doora so that
anyone interested in leaving the country can do ao, and on every occasion
Cuba has unmasked all the maneuvera which the enemies of the revolution
have uaed to create a distorted image in this respect. The Cuban people -
support the statement by our cQmmander in chief, Fidel Castro, that the -
building of socialism must be free and voluntary.
The Cuban Foreign Relationa Ministry atatea that none of the countries
which attended the Lima meeting guarantee as e�ficiently as Cuba the right
of children to live, the right of youths to an education, the right of the
~ people to health and the right of the people to work. Therefore it rejecte -
emphatically any att~empts to try to teach a people who already have rights ~
guaranteed which in other countries are 3ust distant aspirations of the -
neglected maeses. -
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- CUBA
BRIEFS
CARTER'S HAITIAN REFUGEES POLICY--Iiavana, 13 Apr (PL)--The newspaper GRANMA
today charged that U.S. President James Carter worriea about the criminals
~ gathered at the Peruvian Embasay in Havana and forgets the thnusands of
; Haitian refugees who arrive or~ U.S. ahores. The newspaper reminds that the
Haitian refugees are considered illegal immigrante by U.S. authorities
deapite the fact that they are fleeing from the repression existing in their
country. It notes that even the Carter adminibtration has resisted the
efforte of theae refugeea to obtain asylum, deapite the fact that most of
' them swim [as received] to the United States, arriving nearly deac~. GRANMA
' saye that in December 1979, the magazine U.S. NEWS AND WORLD REPORT referred
~ to the fact that there are 25,000 Haitians under such circumstances in
Florida who are begging to be treated the same as the Cubans who arrive
: there. It notes that Waehington encourages illegal departures and boat
~ hi~ackinga from Cuba and later welcomes these criminals ae heroes. The U.S.
; magazine, however, admitted that the Haitians "still are unwelcomed guesta,
~ a nuisance to the Carter administration and a heavy load to U.S. taxpayers."
The Haitian refugeee are undeairable not only because they ar~ black, but �
; because they are worthleas in the anti-Cub~n campaign promotPd by Washington,
' GRANMA points out. [Text] [PA132228 Havana PRELA in Spanish 1737 GMT
12 Apr 80 PA]
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EL SALVADOR
BPR'S CHACON INTERVIEWED ON JUNTA, U.S. INTERFERENCE
PA132140 Havana PRELA in Spanieh 1324 GMT 13 Apr 80 PA
[Report by Mario Menendez Rodriguez: "The Multinational Armed Inter-
vention Againat E1 Salvador Is Imminent, People's Revolutionary Bloc
Secretary General Chacon Affii.ti~'--all quotation marks as received] -
[Text] San Salvador, 13 Apr--"The people have won the political battle
and the conditions for the general victory have been aet, but the
- dilemcaa of revolution or death is a constant and will be more ao in the
next few weeks, which will be decisive for the social liberation
proceas. Thie ie so because, objectively speaking, the Salvadoran
masses by themselvea cannot confront a foreign multinational armed
_ interventionn prepared and directed by the U.S. Government," Juan
Chacon, aecretary general of the People's Revolutionary Blo~ [BPRJ,
told this agency during an exclueive interview.
The top leader ~i the moat powerful maea organization in thia small
country which is at war, whose "death" wae announced a few days ago by -
no lesa than U.S. Ambassador Rnbert White himself, stressed that
"imperialism's pro~ect, expressed through the fasciat junta, has been
defeated by the people organized and combative, ~ people who, despite
the etate of aiege and the virtu�1 implementation of the martial law,
carriea out activitiea and important mobilizations, as was ahown in the
wake of the barbaric and cowardly aseassination of Msgr Oacar Arnulfo
- Romero.
The Criminals Are Isolated ,
Juan Chacon, 24, a former shoeshine boy and farm worker, explained that
the military hierarchy and the moat reactionary Christian Democratic -
aector "are totally isolated, cornered and demoralized. Their current
eituation 'explaina' the savage crime that has rocked the whole world
with indignation and horror...by killing the San Salvador archbishop~
the fasci~ts sought to achieve two ob~ectives: to terrorize the maeses
and to ehow that they were and atill are determin~d to do anything in
order to defend the intereats of the 14 families and of imperialism,
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as these interests are also their own. Nonetheless, the very opposite
= occurred: The Salv$doran people avinced their organizational and polit- -
ical capacity and responded by ataging an 8-day general atrike that
- paralyzed the country's economy, and by carrying out numeroua activities
- in the rural areas and in the citiea. The revolutionary organizations
also improved their mi~.itary performance... It ie evident then, that -
_ the Farabundo Marti Popular Liberation Forces [FPL], the r_ational
resietance, the Communist Party of E1 Salvador [PC~S] and the Salvadoran _
Revolutionar} Party-People's Revolutionary Ax~ny have the support of the
masses, because the masses understand that in our country the only path
leading to the conquest of power is that of revolutionary violence."
And what is che ,~PR's opinion about the Salvadoran Democratic Front [FDS]?
Z'he son of Felipe de Jesus Chacon, who was brutally killed on 26 August
1977--~hot in the head, skinn~d with a sharp hook, eyes removed and
tongue cut--because he practiced the social doctrine of the Catholic
Church; the son, we repeat, of that outetanding member of the movement
. of short Christianity seminars and a dear friend of Msgr Oscar Arnulfo
Romero, responds: -
"The FDS, which was organized on Wednesday, 2 April this year, shows
that the military junta imposed by Waehington, as well as those
Christian Democrats committed to Joee Napoleon Duarte lack social sup-
port and have no political alternative but to continue with their domi�-
nation. Imperialism, the oligarchy and their allies are isolated...
The FDS, in turn, is compriaed of several labor union federationa with ,
more than 50,000 members, the Independent Movement of Prof essionals and _
Te~hnicians, the Social Democratic Party and an important sector that -
withdrew from the Christian Democratic Party when the latter decided to
eupport the military junta and its policy of repression and promises of -
= reform. Moreover, the FDS has adopted as its own the program proposed
by the Revolutionary Coorainating Board of the Masses [CRM], which is
comprised of the United Popular Action Front (FAPU), the Nationalist
Democratic Union (UbN), the 28 February peoples leagues and the BPR.
'rhe democratic sectors' active support for the struggle aimed at bring- ,
ing exploitation and repression to an end strengthen.g the popular move- ~
ment's unity, speeds up the liberation process and cornere and
demoralizes the enemies of the Salvadoran people, who are internationally -
- repudiated because of their genocidal policy."
The Struggle Ie Being Intensified at the National Level
The military ~unta's effort to destroy the revolutionary organizatione
has failed. Moreover, in the past 15 days, tk~e Salvadoran represaive
bodies have been dealt demoliahing blows which the international public
opinion hae been unable to learn about because of the tight censorship
impoaed on the mass media.
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For instan:e: During the past 2 weeks, the FPL's People's Liberation
Armed Forces [FAPL]--the FPL comprises militia, guerrilla and army--
eliminated 84 soldiers and national guardsmen and in~ured sevex-al dozen -
mare in the course of various activities carried out in the capital,
in Zacatecoluca Department and on the road to Santa Ana City, in the
west. They also occupied five colonies in the cit; of Soyapango, in
Las Goteras de San Salvador, and th~ towns of San Antonio and Ag~a
Caliente, 40 and 68 km from the capital, respectively. _
In each of these places, the FAPL imparted political and military
inetruction and exhorted the citizena to participate in the prepara-
tions for the local and zonal insurrections.
In addition, "two squads [22 militants] o� the Armed Forces of National
Resistance [Fl~RDT]--this is excluaive information for this agency from
writer Juan Santamaria! a member of the FARN general staff--ambushed a
convoy of 45 national guardsmen in the colonies of Vista Hermosa and
- ZW (Urban Housing Institute), in the very heart of San Salvador. This
annihilating blow caused a tremendous psychological impact in the
general headquarters of the various repreasive bodies, from where ~
numerous cara immediately departed in the early morning hours to erase
all evidence of this military blow and to pick up the 45 bodiea."
- According to the 31-year-o~hd intellectual, in the city of Ilobasco, in
the country's central area, where the National Guard shot three unpro-
tected FAPU members inside a church, "a FARN squad eliminated a patrol
compriaed of aix national guardamen. We did the same thing in Santa Ana =
against eix other repressive elements who had assassinated four con-
atruction workers hired by exploitative engineer Bruno Tenze Tr~banino
- and had made other atriking workers disappear."
Santamaria added: "Several FARN platoona, compriaed of between 30 and
50 soldiers, are moving through other parts of the counCry and laying
- ambuehea that allow us to obtain weapons... A few days ago, we occupied
Nueava San Salvador (Santa Tecla)...."
The FARN general staff inember also warned of the presence of Haitiana
and Puerto Ricans in the free zone, located 11 km east of San Salvador,
near Ilopango airport, where big foreign corporations, particularly
American ones, assemble and export tax-free products, pay very low wages
to Salvadoran workers, who have no right to unionize, and have erected
a veritable ~ail system with the military government's support.
A few days ago, several FAPU militants entered th.e free zone, oc~upied "
the Aplar factory, which is owned by a U.S. consortium, and learned
about the traffic of Carfbbean mercenaries underway there. Today they
- are criCicizing this traffic to the world.
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Meanwhile, within the framework of CRM activities, the ERP continuea to
systemati~ally occupy various towns and implacably attack the various
headquarters of ~he National Guard, E1 Salvador's most brutal represaive
body. -
Acid the PCE~, whoae Directorate ie esid to have been reapon~ible for 40 -
percerit of the total industrial paralyzation during the 1-week atrike
etaged in the wake of Msgr Osasr Arnulfo Romero's aseassination, is
=arrying out intense agitation work in the factories and among farm
workers in the caast region.
= iJnited States I^ in a Deadend Street
In the opinion of the BPR, what would the reaction be at this point in _
_ view of the obvious failure of its political plan for E1 Salvador? -
- The secretary general of the powerful mass organization, which has
100,000 members, answers:
"It is obvious that the United Statea no longer has a historical place
- in our country, where all ita plana have been frustrated and defeated -
by an organized, combative people. Nor does it have a place in Central
- America, after the triumph of the Nicaraguan revolution which marked
the end of its economic, politicaly military and aocial hegemonism. One
muat be realistic: It is precisely because U.S. imperialism ie aware
that Che loss of E1 Salvador would mean the loss of GuaCemal~ and
Honduras also and would accelerate the defeat of ita strategy of domi- _
nation in the region--we repeat that precisely because of this--it will
- not hesitate for a moment to expand and deepen iCs intervention in an
attempt to destroy the Sa~.vadoran revolutionary organizations and end
" the popular insurrection. One must see things as they are... The
United States could first utilize the army of inercenaries that it has
trained in Guatemala, Honduras and other countries on Che continent,
an army that would be ~uppor.ted by the puppet Guatemalan and Honduran
troops... It could also turn to an inter-American 'peace' foxce to
detain 'the threat of co~nunism'... In the final instance, it would act -
directly, as in the Dominican Republic, on a large scale, using its
special operational divisions, which today are located in the
~ Caribbean... On the other hand, ff we continus our analysis objective3.y,
- we would have to ar3mit that the Salvadoran people alone cannot face up
to a multinational armed intervention, one which in no way could be seen _
as separate from an attack on Nicaragua~~:. However, we Salvadoran revo-
- lutionaries also know that an act of barbarism of this kind would be
- combated in various ways and in consonance with the capabilities of
each of the world's peoples."
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The BPR Is Not a Political Party
The nature and the apecific functione of the BPR are frequently mis-
repreaented abroad. Thus, the BPR is sometimes described as if it were
a political party that participatea with deciaive influence in the
leadership of the Salvadoran people's proceas of social liberation. =
In other caeea, it is identifiad with the Farabunde Marti People's
Liberation Forces. What ie the BPR?
_ "The BPR is a mass revolutionary organization made up of popular
- organizations which represent the different social sectors of the
Salvadoran people, sectors which have a single strategy and whose main
- axis of action is the alliance between the workers and the peasants,
with proletarian hegemony... The BPR, founded on 30 July 1975, was
the response to an urgent need rahich was manifested as the logical
consequence of the deepening of the class struggle--the people's need
- for an organization that would fight aonsistently for their immediate,
basic intereats and to bring about a democratic, revolutionary govern- _
ment... It could be satd, therefore, that the BPR was the initial
nucleus of the revolutionary front of the masaes... Indeed, among the
moet prominent of ite basic principles is that of united action with
the other revolutionary and democratic forces to bring about the
triumph of the people's revolution and move toward a~ust, independent -
and free society... Moreover, the BPR believes that all forma of
struggle--legal and illegal, peaceful and violent--are important and
neceasary, but the basic form, the form t~iat ahould be accentuated, ie
the organized and combative atruggle... This baeic form of struggle by
the masees falls within the framework of our atrategy of prolonged -
people's war, devised in 1970 by the Farabundo Marti People's Libera-
tion Forces."
What ~rganizations make up the BPR?
- The secretary general states: "The organiza~ions which form part of
the BPR are the following: The Jose Guillermo Rivas Coordinating
_ Committee of Labor Unions and the Revolutionary Labor Un:on FederaCion, :
which comprise 60 labor unions; the Farm Workers Federation, made up
of the Salvadoran Christian Peasants Federation (FECCAS) and the Farm
- Workers Union (UTC); the 21 June National.Asaociation of Salvadoran
Educators (ANDES 21 de Junio); the Movement of Revolutionary High School `
- Students (MARS); the 19 July Revolutionary University Students
[Universitarios Revolucionarios 19 de Julio--UR-19]; the 3~ July Revo- -
lutionary University Students (FUR-30); the Union of Slum Area Dwellers
_ (UPT); neighborhood and district people's committees and the People's
Culture Movement [Movimientio de la Cultura del Pueblo~-MCP]. These
organizations have a membership of 100,00~ Salvadorans who--by means
af their partic~ilar struggle for vindicaCion and their solidarity with
the struggle of other sectors to achieve better standards of living--
raise the level af their consciousneas, organization and commitment to _
the cause of social revolution..." -
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And what are the ob~ectives of the BPR? _
"The first a~d basic one is the conqueat of power and the establishment
of a democratic and revolutionary governmant. Extensions of this ob,jec-
tive are the others, among which we highlight the following:
To incorporate the various sectors of tne people into the revolutionary
, struggle in an organized~ large-scale and combative ~anner in line wi.:h
the strategy of prolonged people's war; to build up the revolutionary _
front of the masaes as the organizational and political channel by which
to incorporate the ~raad popular masses into the revolutionary strugg~e;
to create the n~cessary organizational instruments--associations, labor
unions, people's solidarity cemmittees, revolutionary mass organizations
' and so forth--within the different sectors of the people to stimulate ,
strsggles for their economic, political and social demands and for the
primary ob~ective--to uni~e the strugglea of the popular masses at the
Central American level to bring about revolution and the construction
of a juat society and coordinate those strugglea within the stxuggle
for vindication of Latin Americans snd the other peoples of the world; -
to strengthen bonds of friendehip, aolidarity and mutual aid within the '
revolutionary dt~d democratic field... Of course, all of the above is -
based on a worker-peasant alliance with proletarian hegemon,y as the _
nucleua and base of revolutionary unity among the various popular
sectors and movements..." -
Policy of Extermination
In a meeting with t:~e members of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce in E1
Salvador, Ambassador Robert White revealed that the objective of U.S.
policy consiste of preventing, "at any coet," the victory of the
Salva~oran people. This policy includes the elimination of all popular
J.eaders and Juan Chacon, secretary general of the BPR, is one of them.
In rural areas, the arn;~ and the various repreasive corps are staging
an intensive military offensive in combined operations against towns
which have a high degree of politization.
The plan of the CIA and the oligarchy "to restore social peace to E1
Salvador," as implemented by Colonels Jase Guillermo Garcia, Nicolas
Car~anza, Eugenio Vides Casanova ansl Adolfo Arnaldo Majano, despite his
apparent vac~llation, provides for an attempt to annihilate from 250,OOA _
to 300,000 Salvadorana. ~
This plan, however, faces an insuperable obatacle: the organi~ation
and combativeness of a people determined to conquer their future. And
the die ie already cast.
.
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EL SALVADOR
FDR HEAD SEES DANGER OF 'MASSIVE U.S. INTERFERENCE'
PA190115 Havana PRELA in Spaniah 1531 GMT 18 Apr 80
[Article by Andrea Escobaz]
' [Text] Paris; 18 Apr (PL)--Enrique Alvarez, president of the newly founded
Revolutionary Democratic Front (FDR) in E1 Salvador, has stated that there
is a aerious threat of masaive U.S, military interven~tion in his country.
Alvarez, a former minister under some of the previous administrations snd
- a member of one of the so-called "14 Familiea" of the Salvadoran oligarchy,
anewered PRENSA LATINA's questions over the telephone. He explained the
founding of the FDR and the political xeasons that pit it against imperial- -
_ ism and the 1oca1 oligarchy.
~ He said that the FDR is "a political tool created by the Salvadoran people -
- to promote their liberation etruggle and to build a new, fair, human, demo-
cratic and independent society."
Alvarez noted that the creation of the FDR follows that of the Democratic
Front which he himself announced in early April during a public ceremony
in the Salvadoran capital. ~
_ He added that the FDR is a broad fron* uniting "the..uemocracic and progrea-
~ive sectors, including the country's revolutionaries," a very important
step forward in the people's struggle in E1 Salvador. .
"The FDR represents the unity of the democratic revolutionary foress; that
- is, the Revolutionary Coordinating Board of the Masees and the political
parties, the universities and union organizations, labor and professional
organizations," he noted. He eaid that "that makes it the ~epresentative ~
of the Salvadoran people."
H~e also denied that a struggle i~ being waged between groups in hia country.
- He atated that "the people can no longer put up with exploitation, poverty ,
and repreasion or tfie cynical lies of unpopular governments and their
foreign alliea.
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"The struggle is between social classes and ita obje~ctive naturally is to
aeize power," he added. ,
He said that the incumbent government "ie tl:e moet represeive since 1932."
He noted that "reforme are deeperate demagogic efforte to try to win eome
popular support, gain control of the people's organizatione and prepare for
their military annihilation.
"There can be no peaceful eolution where repreeeion and institutionalized
violence exist," he~eaid in response to a queation.
_ Regarding the intervention of U.S. troopa in E1 Salvador, he said: "It is
- occurring now with financial aupport to purchase weapons and~through mili- _
= tary advisers, but the biggest danger is masaive invasion which, if it
= should occur, would involve a bigger social and human cost.
"The aggreasor would find a united people determined to fight for their
right to self-determination," he warned. ~
He etated that "it ia not up to the U.S. Government to approve or disapprove "
the establishment of a democratic-revolutionary government in E1 Salvador,
because that ia a sovereign right of the Salvadoran people."
About hia being a member of one of the so-called "14 Families" of the oli-
garchy, he said "political awareness is not an automatic reflection of one's
class origin" and that his background did not keep him from getting to
- know the facts and standing alongaide "a people who have been exploited _
_ and cruelly repressed for a long time.
- "I wi.ll run the risks posed by my struggle and I humbly offer ~_o help Che _
_ popular movement," the FDR ~resident underscored.
CSO: 3010
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EL SALVADOP. _
REPORT ON FORMATTON OF FDR COALITION
PA182331 Havana PRELA in Spaniah 2104 GMT 17 Apr 80
[Article by Andrea Escobar]
_ [Text] San Jose, 17 Apr (PL)--All the forces, aectiors and organizations -
which are opposed to the Salvadoran Governmenz have united in a broad
Revolutionary Democratic Front [FDR].
Z'he Central American Independent Preas Agency [Agencia lndependiente de
Prensa--AIP] reported in this capital that ~he establishment of this coali-
tion represents a.new and qualitatively different atage in the struggl~e
for the liberation of the Salvadoran people.
By thie etep, the forces which make up the Revolutionary Coordinating Board
. of the MBSees have managed to incorporate and asaign a role to all the -
- democratic and progreseive forces of E1 SaYvador.
The popular faction of the Christian Democratic Party, the National Revolu-
tioaary Movement and other political groups of lese influence and signi-
ficance were also included in the front.
In addition, the National Federation of Salvadoran 8ma11 Enterpriee, the ~
� National University of E1 Salvador, the Jose Simeon Canas Central American -
Univereity and other cultural and businesa groupa also aigned the organiza- -
tion's charter. .
_ The liat is completed by the Revolutionary Union Federation, the Salvadoran ~
Workers National Union Federation [Fenastras), the Single Federation of
Salvadoran Trade Unione, the Federation of Workera of the Food, Clothing
and Related Industriea and other labor organizatione. .
The Revolutionary Democratic Front alea includea the four large Salvadoran
mass organizations which make up the Revolutionary Coordinating Board of the
Masses: The Nationaliet Democratic Union, the 28 February Peoples Leagues,
the United Popular Action Front and the Peoples Revolutionary B1oc.
, AIP eaid that Enrique Alvarez Cordoba, former miaieter of economy and agri- -
culture, wae proposed as president of the Revolutionary Democratic Front.
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NICARAGUA
BR IEF~
SANDINIST YOUTH ON U.S. MANEUVERS--Maaagua, 21 Apr (PL)--The newspaper EL
BRIGADISTA hae atated in an editorial that the Nicaraguan Sandiniat,Youth
_ repudiates the U.S. military provocations in the Caribbean, which are cloaked
in a new campaign of anti-Cuban propaganda. The official newg orgaa af the �
19 July Sandiniat Youth Movement etates that the propaganda campaign ie a
result of imperialism's aggressive policy in the face of the peoples' pro-
grese. EL BRIGADISTA aleo referred to the relationehip between the U.S.
military ~ctivitiea in the Caribbean and the evente which occurred at the -
Peruvian Embasey in Cuba. The newspaper recalls the long yeara of misinfor-
mation, obscurantism and imperialist propaganda experienced in Nicaragua -
_ before the fall of the Somoziat dictatorahip. It likewiae adds that sotne
newe media are in the hande of sectora that are in~ompatible with the Nica-
raguan revalution, and that they are eupporting this ill-dispoeed campaign.
The paper says that the tranenational news ag~ncies poee the problem of the
refugees at the Peruvian L~baeay in auch a way as to give the impreaeion of
political inetability in Cuba, ignoring the real aituation of millions of
Cubane who have beea writing their own hiatory for the past 21 years.
[Te~t] [PA220040 Aavana PRELA in Spanish 1324 GMT 21 Apr 80 PA]
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,
PANAMA
PDP LEADER URGES PROGRESSIVE GROUPS TO SUPPORT CUBA
PA111939 Havana PRELA in Spaniah 1845 GMr 10 Apr 80 PA
[Report by Silvio I. Mendiandual,
[TextJ Panama City, 10 Apr (PL)--The Panamanian communists today
entreated Latin American progressive groups to re~ect the provocation
of the U.S. warmongering circles against Cuba and to reaffirm their
solidarity with ita people and revolutionary govemment.
- Ruben Dario Souza, aecretary general of Panama's People's Party [PDP],
eaid that the incidenta at the Peruvian Embasey in Havana following the
violent break-in of antieocial individuals~ is a maneuver of the moet
reactionary U.S. aectors in a new anticommuniat escalation.
These evente have occurred at a time when the Cuban revolution has -
become an example for the national liberation struggle in Latin America
and other regions and it ia en~oying greater prestige in the nonalined
- natians movement.
The U.S. warmongering circles have traditionally taken advantage of the
. aupport afforded them bq their allies to woreen the cold war and
- strengthen the blockade againet Cuba, Souza told this agency.
The U.S. campaign of aggression against Cuba tries to mask its inten~
tion of militarily intervening in those countxies where the anti-
imperialist struggle is on the rise, especially in Central America,
_ Souza added.
- The Cuban Revolutionary Government'a deciaion to allow unrestricted
- entry to the Peruvian Embasey to all peraons wiehing to do so, is a
proof of its respect for human rights.
Cuba has shown that the people's decision to build socialism ia
irrevereible and that thia will be accomplished with [the help of] all
Cubans who love their country and hope to have a more socially ~ust
regime.
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Souza emphasized the PDP's appeal to all Latin American progressive
forces to re~ect the provocation planned by U.S. imperialism and to
_ reaffirm their solidarity with the people and revolutionary government
of Cuba.
Likewise, he urged all of Panama's democratic organizatione to expresa
thia eolidarity and to condemn the prees campaign aimed at distorting
the truth about evenCe in Cuba.
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PANAMA
BRIEFS
'BAYANO': U.S. PROVOKING CUBA--Panama City, 21 Apr (PL)--The biweekly
paper BAYANO hae atated that the United Statee'ie s~aging a wide and com-
- plex provocation against Cuba aimed at creating the conditiona which would
a11ow it to eventually interveae in E1 Salvador. I~i an art~.cle titled:
"Imperialiam and the Anti.-Cuban Campaign," the Panamanian newspaper eaid
the provocation includea diplomatic preesure on certain Latin American
governments, the use o: the traditional "big atick" and the announcement
of upcoming maneuvera in Guaatanamo Naval Base. BAYANO pointed out that
the artificial Peruvian and Ven~zuelan diplomatic criaes with Cuba wer.e a
result of thie plan and were uaed by the U.S, propaganda machine to create
"a great impact" following the death o� a Cuban aoldier who was guarding
the Peruvian Embasay in Havana. According to BAYANO, the United Statee ie
attempting.to build a strategic fence around Cuba, ssing the wornout excuee
of Cuban solidarity which links it with the revolutionary aituation,being
experienc~d in Central America. BAYANO~concludes that with theee elementa
- the United States is paving the way for a military interventi~n in E1
Salvador that would directly threatea Nicaragua's Sandinist revolution..
[Text] [PA230249 Aavaaa PRELA in Spanish 2115 GMT 21 Apr 80 PA)
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