JPRS ID: 9216 TRANSLATION USSR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 33
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 47
• Content Type: REPORTS

APPROVE~ FOR RELEASE= 2007/02/08= CIA-R~P82-00850R000200'100047-7
~ ; w _ t _~C`i'~ P'~L ~

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICI:~L USE Oti`LY
JPRS L/9216 _
- 24 July 1980
Translation -
USSR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLI~Y -
FBIS FOREI~N BROADCAST INFORMATION SERViCE
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
i
NOTE ~
_ JPRS publications contain informa.tion primarily from foreign
_ newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
- are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained. -
Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
- [J are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text] ~
. or [Excerpt] in the first line of each it?m, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original informa.tion was
_ processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor_-
mation was summarized or extracted. -
- Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context. _
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an _
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source. -
- The conren~s of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.
= For further informatior, on report content
call (703) 351-2938 (economic); 3468
(political, sociological, military); 2726
(life sciences); 2725 (physical sciences).
~
COPYRIGHT LAWS AND P,EGULATIONS GOVERNING OWNERSHIP OF
MATERIALS REPRODUCED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION
OF THIS PUBLICATIUN BE RE~TRICZ'ED FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY.
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
~
~
FOR OFFICIAL USE 01`.Lx
JPRS L/9216
- 24 July 1980
USSR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY -
- This non-serial report contains selected translations of Russian
_ articles on the planning and administration of Soviet science
and technology. ~
CONTENTS -
Lega1 Mechanism of a Single Policy for the Development of ,
Science attd Technology 1
Conference Stresses Cooperation of Universities and Academy
" of Sciences in Scientific Research 11
i
- a- [I -USSR-OFOUO]
~ FOR OF~'ICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
~
LEGAL MECHANISM OF A SINGLE POLICY FOR THE DEVF.LOPMEIVT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY .
Moscow SOVETSKOYE GOSUDARSTVO I PRAVO in Russian No 4, 1980 pp 93-100
~
[Article by V. P. Rassokh:~n*]
[Text] The Central Committee of the CPSU and the USSR Council of Ministers _
decree "On improving planning and strengthening the effect of the manage-
m.ent mechanism on increasing the efficiency of production and improving
the quality of work" of 12 July 1979, specifies as the central problems _
of~the USSR Gosplar~ and other organizations, called upon to guide the
development of the national economy, the duty to provide a comprehensive
solution to economic and social problems, concentrate the forces and re-
sources on fulfilling the most important general government programs and
not permit a narrow-industrial approach to developing plans.** In our
opinior~, a necessary condition for the successful solution of this impor-
tant problem is the creation of a special legal mechanism to carry out a
truly single government scientific-technolr;~ical policy, not "corrected"
by the influence of department interests.
Lack of existing legal regulation. Many principal problems that must have
; legal solutions remain beyond the boundaries of legal regulation in the
area of scientific-technological progress. They include, for example,
the following: the creation of an eff icient system of mutual relationships
between the USSR Academy of Sciences and the industrial sectors of the
national economy and the determination of the rights of the USSR Academy
of Sciences as a coordinator of scientific work in the country according
- to the decrees of the 25th party congress; the development of an efficient -
legal organization mechanism that would provide for the carrying out of a
single scientific-technological policy capabie of overcoming the negative
- consequences of the departmental comminution in the national economy; the -
c~eation of organizational forms of in*erindustrial cooperation in science
*Senior scientific worker ~f the Government and Legal Institute of the
USSR Academy of Sciences, candidate of juridical sciences.
**See SP [Collection of Laws] USSR, 1979, No 18, p 118. -
- 1 -
FOR OFFICI~L LTSE O~v'LY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
I
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
and efficient solutions of interindustrial scientific technological prob-
lems; the establishment of an order to resolve differences of opinion in _
the system, and on the rights of the main industrial institutes for the -
purpose of elimi.nating the monopoly of the main institute of the producer
industry as one of the factors that retard scientific-technological
progress; the establishment of an order to introduce the results of
completed investigations and developments, especially the legal mode of
technological development and the introduction of new in principle achieve-
ments of science and technology capable of revolutionizing production; a
cleaz� determination of the legal forms of the actual responsibility of _
scientif ic organizations; production enterprises and their managers for
the nonfulfillment of tasks of government plans on developing science and
technology, especially those specified Uy the comprehensive programs for _
solving basic scientific-technological problems.
Sometimes attempts are made to replace the general solution of many
important problems by "ad hoc" legal regulations, i.e., regulating these
relationships as exceptions only for particular, individually taken cases.
- Typical examples of "ad hoc" regulations are solutions adopted ior several
legal organizational problems to carry out a single policy in the develop-
ment of electrical welding, in the area of developing and using new
_ catalysts and in the coordi~iation of investigations in the metal corrosion
problems.*
The lack of forms of real responsibility in the area of organizing investi-
gations, developments and the introduction of their results leads to the -
fact that even the concrete norms of an imperative nature are not always
implemented, without any consequences to establishments and managers who
are formally responsible for their implementation. Thus, the direct -
specification of subpoint "b" of section 5 in the decree of the Central
Committee of the CPSU and the USSR Council of Ministers "On measures for
- increasing the efficiency of the work of scientific organizations and
accele;:ating the utilization of achievements of science and technology in
the national economy" of 24 September 1968, "to provide in the highest
priority, work specified by the coordination plans on solving basic
- scientific-technological problems, necessary financial and material equip-
ment resources" is frequently found to be unfulfilled.** After changing
over from a coordinated plan system to a comprehensive scientific-tech-
nological program system, several additional measures of an operational
nature are being undertaken in order to achieve the observance of this .
norm. However, so far, no organizational legal mechanisms have been
*See: 25th party congress and further deveopment of the Soviet Government,
_ democracy and law, Moscow, 1977, p 136. _
**See: SP USSR, 1968, No 18, p 122,
- 2 -
FOR OFFICI~,L LTSE 0?V'LY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
_ created that would include compulsory forms of reponsibility and guarantee
absolute implementation of the indicated instruction, as well as other
most important norms, determining the order of carrying out work on
_ solving the basic scientific-technological problems. ~
One of the most serious shortcomings of legal norms concerning the most
_ acute problem of introduction is the fact that they are basically oriented
only toward establishing these or other duties of seientific organizations
_ in the process of introducing the results of investigations and develop-
ments and almost do not touch upon the actual system of obligations--thE
interest and responsibility of production associations, enterprises and -
their managements. And yet, of course, it is needless to say that intro-
duction cannot be implemented in any different way except as a two-way ,
process of contacts between science and production. This elementary
general truth for some reason is rarely accompanied by stressing another,
considerably more important and concrete truth: the center of gravity of
the introduction problem lies not in the area of obligations of science,
but in the area of the obligations of production. Yet, until now, basic
atter~tion in discussing the problem is paid not to the central key problems
of introduction, but to the obligations of scientific organizations and
their workers to find further possibilities and strengthen the demands on
_ them. For these purposes, it is proposed, for example, to introduce an
indicator for the introduction of the results of investigations.and develop-
ments as almost a nain indicator of planning and evaluating the activity
of scientific workers, not only in industrial, but also in academic
institutes. It is not difficult to imagine where the introduction of such
an indicator will lead that does not depend on the creative abilities or
the activity of the scientific worker for the production facility (inter- _
ested primarily in the stable output of a well assimilated product in
constantly increasing volume and its gradual, small "dosage" modernization
that does not affect the basic technological principle).
Of course, the scientific collective or individual scientist who created
the original large invention will strive to do everything possible to have -
the invention introduced in practice without any "indicators." The legal
conditions must provide far the use of the creative efforts according to
their function, namely, to solve inevitable truly scientific-technological
problems that originate in the process of introduction. Regrettably, the
well-known principle--each one mind his own business and carry full respon-
sibility for it--strange as it may seem, is not taken into account when
they speak of the introduction problem. The slant to the "side of science"
in the legal reguiation of the introduction process of its achievements--
- is one of the most important efficient factors because of which the intro-
duction problem remains very far from being solved until now. They turned,
- regrettably, to the most "F~pular" problem among scientists who attempt to
"introduce" intn production the achievements of modern science and tech-
nology and frequently meet serious opposition from enterprises as well as
from departments themselves.
- 3 -
FOR OFFICI~,I. LTSE Oh'LY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Legislative basis of a single scientific-technological policy. The goals -
of interindustrial coordination in the development of science and technology
may be achieved only when the coordination has a nature not of simple
concordance fully dependent on the coincidence of departmental interests,
but actual legal authority based on the highest national economic interest
and not reduced to achieving a compromise between departments. Under the _
conditions of the industrial structure of nanufacturing, any scientific-
technological policy is,~in practice, no different from the operational
activity of industrial scientific organizations, associations and enter-
prises. However, the determination of the basic directions of the tech-
nological development of an industry must not remain the prerogative of ~
scientif ic organizations and departmental management organs of the industry ,
itself. This contradicts the principles of a systema.tic approach, the �
meaning of a single government scientific-technological policy, the
objective requirements of an interindustrial integration in the develcnment
of economics, and the interests of a broad-scale introduction of the fun.-ia-
- mental achievements of science and technology. The determination of the
direction of the technological development of an industry is, in the final
account, nothing less than the policy of introducing the achievements of
science and technology, and it began long before the stage of introducing -
them and is based on decisions adopted at considerably higher--general
industrial and general government--level under the general influence of
fundamental science.
The significance of the problem posed is such that they can be solved only
an a legislati.ve basis. This basis may be a law on a single scientific-
_ technological policy in the national economy. It must establish clearly,
in the first,priority, a distribution of competences at all levels of
carrying out a general government scientific-technological policy based
on the~absolute priority of the national economic interests over depart-
mental-industrial interests. As is well known, the more general, basic _
questions of a long-range nature are decided by the USSR government by
issuing decrees. Its competency in this area is fixed by the Law on the
USSR Council of Ministers. However, as far as the order of making decisions
on concrete questions and constant activity of carrying out the scientific-
technological policy is concerned, it is precisely here that it is necessary
to introduce legal-organizational forms that guarantee the general govern-
ment orientation of this entire activity. In an article, "On entrusting
legislative functions to the Gosplan," V. I. Lenin expressed his idea on
the feasibility of strengthening the special competence of. such a central
government establishment and conferring on it the authority to carry out
directly the policy of the government,in scientific-tect~nological questions
because it "as a totality of skilled men, experts, representatives of
science and technology has essentially the greatest amount of data to judge
- correc'tly the matter and its known independence "is absalute from the
viewpoint of the authority of this scientific establishment...*
*Lenin, V. I. Complete Works, v 45, pp 349, 352.
-4-
FOR dFFICI~,I. L'SE O~V'LY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
- FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
In w~'.at form can Lenin's idea on combining the highest scientific
competency with imperative functions be implemented under modern conditions?
- In our opinion, in the area of a scientific-technological policy, the estab-
lishmeiit of the combined authorities of the USSR Gosplan, the USSR
Government Committee on Sciences and Technology and the USSR Academy of ~
Sciences may serve as such a form. Most of the important questions of a
single scientific-technological policy can be decided completely in their
joint decrees while the monitoring of their implementation should be en-
trusted to the Government Committee. Transferring the center of gravity
of the whole system of a single scientific-technol.ogical policy to the
joint competency of the USSR Gosplan and the USSR Government Committee on -
Science and Technology would correspond to the regulation on the Law of -
the USSR Council of Ministers in which the functions of the USSR committees ,
are clearly fixed as organs of the government itself. Conferring an impera-
tive nature on decisions suggested by the USSR Academy of Sci.ences would
_ become the legal implementation of the directives of the 25th party congress
on raising the role of the USSR Academy of Sciences as a coordinator of -
scientific work in the country. In this case, the coordination of tasks
specified in joint decrees with departments should not have juridical
significance. The planned tasks established by the decrees must have an
indisputably absolute nature for the ministries and departments. Experience _
has shown convincingly that coordination as a juridical act (and not as a
method for.an all-sided account of opinions) serves in the hands of the
departments as the main legal instrument for imposing the factual priority -
, of industrial-departmental interests. From this viewpoint, industrial _
scientific research institutes, design bureaus and enterprises should have
the role of executors of imperative decisions developed on the general
- government level. It is also important to implement the same principle
' at othe~ levels of carrying out the single scientific-technological policy.
The major part of the concrete questions of an interindustrial nature can- _
not be handled at the level of joint decrees by the USSR Gosplan, the USSR -
Government Committee on Science and Technology and ~he USSR Academy of ~
Sciences. Such questions, depending upon their comp~exity and importance, _
could be placed within the competency of interindustrial scientific-
technological centers of this committee on academic institutes--in a.ccord-
ance with the legal model of authorities assigned to the Electric Welding
Institute imeni Ye. 0. Paton.* The remaining questions of an interindustrial
nature would be within the competency of the main insritutes of industrial
consumers. The establishment of such a system for redistributing rights
would mal_e it possible to solve all the problems of interindustrial signif i-
cance at all levels on the basis of objective national economic interests. _
Such a system would be a concrete legal implementation of regulation article =
26 of the USSR constitution on general government guidance of the develop-
ment of science and technology and the introduction of their achievements
in the national economy.
- *See: 25th party congress and further development of Soviet Government,
democracy, p 136.
- 5 -
FOR OFFICI:~'L LTSE 0'_vTLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFF~CIAL USE ONLY -
In the law it is feasible to establish the order of carrying out the work
on comprehensive programs for solving basic scien tific-technological
problems which would guarantee their full and timely implementation. The
lack of such an order makes it impossible to use efficient methods and
forms of target-program control of scientific-technological progress; it
still remains an idea frem the region of "pure r~ason," despite the d~velop-
ment and adoption of the most comprehensive grograms. Nlany proposals have
_ been made in this regard by economists and scientists and they should be
coordinated and utilized. Apparently an efPicient legal form of organizing
- work by basfc scientific-technological programs could be by assigning com-
pulsory nondepartmental order.s to interindustrial scientific-technological -
centers. This form may be similar to the already tested form of intra-
ministerial orders already being used successfully, for example, in the .
, electrical equipment industry. However, the system of nondepartmental. ~
_ orders must rely on the cardinal solution of the problems of responsibility
of industrial organizations for untimely fulfillment or poor quality of
the work ordered as specified by the program; otherwise it will rema.in .
only a form of the well-known impotent-recommendation nature.
The most important problem of promoting along ~he entire "introduction
front" the new in principle achievements of science and technology that
would revolutionize groduction also requires a sp ecial legisl.ative solution.
Attempts to solve the introduction problem on the basis of establishing a
similar legal mode for all scientific-technologic al results independently
of the level of their newness and importance to the national economy,
cannot be efficient. Strictly speaking, this situation is characteristic
of today (if one could detect the existence of an actual "introductien
mode" at a11). The existing legal norms do not d ifferentiate between the
- introduction of objects no matter how sharply they differ from each other
with respect to the importance of the input into scientific-technological
progress. For example, all inventions recorded in the government register
have the same legal position from the point of view of the possibilities
of adopting decisions ror their practical implementation in the national
economy. It is well known, however, that the bigger the invention, the
more difficult its road to production. The diffusion of new in principle,
truly fundamental achievements in the total mass of scientific research,
inventions and rationalized proposals contradict the objective requirements
of the scientific-technological revolution. .
Apparently, the law on the single scientific-technological policy should
establish a priority, privileged mode--legal, economic and organizational
--for introducing especially important achievemen ts of science and tech-
nology into the national economy. It should be specified in particular
that; expert government (nondepartmental) evaluation and recognition of
the scientific-techaological results especially important to the national
economy (decision on this are adopted jointly by the USSR Committee on
Science and Technology and the USSR Academy of Sciences; separation of a
- special legal category of especially important inventions for the national
- economy and applying the proposed priority mo3e to them; order of high
- 6 -
FOR OFFICI~,L L'SE O~ZY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
priority inclusion of achievements of science and technolo gy, recognized
- as especially important, in comprehensive programs and plans of scientific-
technological progress; a system of the highest material awards to enter-
- prises and scientific organizations for the creation and in troduction of
pioneerina equipment and technology, with full replacement of losses
- incurred in their production ~nd use during the initial period: the
- obligation of the author to supervise the work of creatino and introducing
pioneering equipment and technology, developed on the basis of achieve-
_ ments recognized as especially important to the national economy.
It is important to set by law the monitoring ft~*:;.~ions of the USSR Govern- -
ment Committee on Science and Technology. The 12 July 1979 decree of the -
Central Connnittee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers specifies th~ ,
strengthening of its rights with respect to departmental-industrial
organizations. For example, the Government Committee is assigned the
right to evaluate and monitor the technical level of the industrial produc- ~
- tion. The evaluation of the results of the work of industr ial organizations
could become an efficient tool for providing a single scien tific-tecl~nologi-
cal policy. However, this must be done, not by departmental commissions,
but by independent expert ones. Such an evaluation could b e made once
every five years and by no means limit itself with quantita tive indicators.
= It is worthwhile to recall the many years of the concept of the scientific
reputation of scientific research institutes and design bureaus. It should
_ be laid precisely at the basis of the conclusions of nondep artmental expert
commissions. The Government Committee should be given the right, based on
~ the conclusions of such commissions, to decide on the ques tion of liquidating
and reorganizing ir.stitutes and design bureaus that have a low scientific
potential subordinated to departments.
. It is extremely important that there be a radical solution to the problem
of the responsibility of organizations, enterprises and the ir managers
= for unfulf illed obligations which were established by various legal
. prescriptions in the area of carrying out a single scientif ic-technological
policy. However, so far there is practically no real responsibility in
this area. Above we ~;poke about the necessity of strengthening the -
monitoring of functions of the government committee for the purpose of
periodical improvement in the very structure of industrial science. The
system of efficient, continuous responsibility in the given area could be
realized if the committee were given the right to do the following: the
right to transfer temporarily f3 to S years), to a lower c ategory,
scientific and planning-design organizations that systematically under-
fulfill tasks specified by the single scientific-technological policy; _
the right to stop paying bonuses to ma.nagers of enterprises and organiza-
tions that do not fulfill such tasks; the right to e~tact (in the form of
~ fines, according to the decision of government arbitration) estimated _
monies already spent for work not resulting the introduction, due to the
laxity of the enterprise or scientific-technological organization, with
the payment of these funds to go to the reserve fund of the committee.
- 7 -
FOR OFFiCI~1"L LTSE O~V'LY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
~
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
It is also necessary to introduce~a special procedure to consider, in the
USSR People's Control Committee and republic committees, matters on holding -
_ concrete ma.nagement personnel responsible for unfulfilled tasks in the
- area of a single scientific-technological policy (for exa~aple, establish
an order according to which people's control co~anissions make decisions
" on financial deficits and other administrative penalties on transaction
material prepared by the USSR Government Committee on Science and Tech-
nology).
New contrac t form. In recent years, there has been great and greater
necessity to change over to long-term relationships with the goal of ~
solving large problems and the fullest utilization of the scientific
potential of academic institutes and V1JZ, for example, by concluding long- �
term contrac ts on cooperation between them and large enterprises, associa-
tions~or technical administrations of ministries. A typical contract on
carrying out scientific research, experimental design and technological
- work is a legal form adapted only to regulating the relationships of the
contract type which are composed in the process of solving individual
technical problems, originating basically in the course of the current
productive activity of industrial enterprises. It does not cover specific
relationships formed in connection with the solution of large comprehen-
sive problems.
The princip al features of the rElationships, originating on the basis of
cooperative contracts between academic institutes (WZ) and large enter-
prises (associations) are their long-range nature and the absence of
frameworks of one technical program. The main juridical difference between
such contracts and the industrial type of contract is the lack of the -
= strict division of subjects into pure "executor" and pure "client." The _
- plant in such a relationship is a customer �or techni~al documentation
and is an executor of experimental work needed by the institute for
further development of investigations. The initial basis for posing new
in principle technical problems are not the current production needs of
enterprises, but the long-range goals of technical development determined
by science itself. The enterprise selects, from the experimental develop-
ments of th e institute, those novelties which it is capable of putting
into production in the very near planning period. Moreover, unlike the
usual economic contracts for fulfilling scientific research and experi-
mental-design work, cooperative contracts are more often of a multisided
nature. ;
Thus, a new type of contract originates which still has not received a
precise juridical name in literature or a definition of its legal nature.
In practice it is named frequently a contract on socialist cooperation,
inasmuch as it is based on counterplans for socialist obligations and is
concluded " on social initiation" without juridical support in existing
legislation. Sometimes it is called a"general contract"--in those cases
where it represents a summary of mutual long-term obligations of an
- 8 -
FOR OFFICI~,L, L'SE O~v'LY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAI, USE ONLY
academic scientific center (combining several institutes) and enterprises
of aa industrial ministry. It is signed by the directors of all partici-
, pa ting organizations and is approved by the minister and the manager of
th e academic center. The name of the new type of contract does not reflect
th e legal nature of those relationships that originate on "social
initiations" in the course of the development of ties between science and
manufacturing in important directions of the scientific-technological
revolution. This is entirely natural--practice cannot juridically qualify
relationships not even mentioned in the legislation.
An analysis and correlation of the fea*_ures of the originating system of -
contract ties between science and manufacturing make it possible to con-
clude that they are not different from cooperative relationships. Coopera-
tion contracts are widely used in international scientific-technological
cooperation; however, they were not reflected in our internal legislation
that regulates the ties between science an3 manufacturing. Proprietary
relationships forned in the process of scientif ic-technological coopera-
tion differ in principle from relationships in the industrial contract
type and belong, apparently, to the type of contract relationships of a
partnership (also not being generally regulated in existing civil leg~s~
lation) . .
It should be noted that in developing the uroently needed legislation for
formulating a contract s} stem for long-term cooperation between science
and manufacturing, one should not borrow directly the already formulated -
norms for international scientific-technological cooperation. This
applies not only to the spec.ifics of international scientific-technological
cooperation. In such contractsy used by the CEMA countries, for example,
there is no "client" not only in the juridical, but also in the economic
sense; the obtained result is utilized by all contracting sides equally.*
Co ntracts on creative cooperation always indicate, at least from the
economic position, the basic client--he is on the manufacturing side.
However, the complexity of the developing system of contract relationships
_ for long-range cooperation between science and manufacturing is precisely
in the fact that the basic "client" is juridically not a client. He
assumes the obligation of doing much work, including experimental work
ordered by scientif ic organizations and important for the development ot
their own investigations not directly involved in the solution of some =
- production problems. The contract system of long-range cooperative
relationships also covers legai questions of the creation and activity of -
j oint laboratories that do not only application work needed by the plant
(association)--co-owner of the laboratory, but also research of a general
scientific nature.
^On Cooperation Contracts in the Practice of Scientific-Technological
Cooperation between CEi~fA Members. See Trakhtengerts, L. A.; Karpenko, 0. _
L egal Status of Coordination Centers. "Trudy" VNIISZ [All-Union Scientific
Research Institute of Soviet Legislation]. No 10, Moscow, 1977, pp 141-152.
- 9 -
FOR OF'FICI~I. L'SE 0'~'I.Y
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
Finally, the most important feature of the new system of contract relation-
ships is the circumstance that it always includes the target stage--the
introduction of the obtained scientific-technological achievements into
production. True, cooperation contracts concluded on the basis of "social
- initiatives" do not contain concrete regulations of the order of the _
practical introduction of the result of scientific production cooperation
and is limited usually t~ a general statement on the obligations of manu-
facturing "to implement the introduction of completed scientific develop-
- ments in ~he shortest possible timt." Such contracts cannot solve problems
_ of the responsibility for the untimely introduction of the scientif ic-
technological results obtained. Such regulation may be realized only on -
. the legislative basis.
The tremendous possibilities that can be opened up b~ legislative s etting
- up, developing and widely using the new system of contract relationships
as an organizational-economic and legal form of transforming scienc e into
a direct productive force are, regrettably, still not evaluated to the
- utmost. One of the main possibilities, flowing from the very nature of
the contract system of long-range cooperation between science and manu- "
facturing--is its use as a most successful juridical form of target-
program organization of scientific-technological progress. We have in
mind not general agreements between ministries, but contracts among
scientific establishments, ViJZ, design bureaus and enterprises that
regulate concrete relationships of scientific-technological cooperation.
The contracts on long-range cooperation between science and manufac turing
- were literally created especially for the requirements of the legai organi-
- zation of target-program control: in.fact, ~ontract cooperation is a
J system of relationships of various participants directed toward achieving
a single goal (introducing into production the comprehensive scientific-
technological results) .
The contract forms of long-range cooperation when they are legally set up -
would nake it p~ssible to solve many problems of economic responsib ility _
and interest participating organizations in fulfilling the tasks of the
scientific-technological target programs . Industrial ministries and
- scientific centers (including republic academies of sciences) would become
the guarantors of fulfilling contract obligations of institutes, design
bureaus, associations and enterprises in a system of long-range cooperation.
In this, of course, it would be necessary to take into account the compli-
= cated composition of scientific-technological relationships: in fact,
they cover r_elationships not only of a proprietary nature, but also of an
organizational nature (including planning and administrative). All this
points to the vital necessity of developing and adopting a legislative
act, for example, a general regulation on contracts for long-range coopera-
tion between science and manufacturing.
COPYRIGHT : IZDATEL' STVO "NAUIC~." ,"SOVETSKOYE GOSUDARSTVO I PRAVO'' , 1980
[23-2291] ~
- 10 -
2291
rSO: 1861 FOR OFFICI~I. LTSE OtrZY ~
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
_ ~
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
,
� CONFERr'~CE STRFSSES COOPERATION OF UNIVERSITIES AND ACADEMY OF SCIENCES IN
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Moscow VESTNIK AKADEMIZ NAUK SSSR in Russian No 4, Apr 80 pp 4-17
~eport from the Fresidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences: "On Strengthening ~
Ties between the Universities and the Scientific Establishments of the USSt~ '
Academy of Sciences"
_ ~ex] A join~ convocation of +.he Presidiwn of the USSR Academy of Sciences
and the Collegium of the USSR Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized
Education xas neld, at which the work of the universities and their interac- _
tion with the system of scientific establishments of the Academy were dis-
cussed.
- ?n its decree, "Gh the Further Developme~t of the University and Increasing
the Quality of Training of Specialists" (July 19?9), the CPSU Central Comraittee
- and the USSR Council of Ministers recognized the necessity of taking measures
aimed at further improving the activitiies of the university; expanding its.
role in socio-economic and scientific-technical progress; and furnishing more
skilled cadres to the leading sectors of the nation's economy, I'he task was _
assigned to raise the 1 evel of training of the fu~ure specialists. Toward
these ends~ it ha.s been proposed to enlist more broa3ly the academicians and
- associate members of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and other leading scien-
tists, for scientific-pedagogical activities in the WZ's. The decree points
out the necessity for i~proving the organization of scientific research wor~t
in the VUZ's and to utilize their scientific potential more e�fectively. ~
Establishing close creative ties betWeen the Academy of Sciences and the
university was at the cen+er of attention of those participating in the
session, at which a.n address was made by V. P. Yelyutin~ USSR Minister of
Higher and Secondary Sgecial r,ducation, and Associate riember of the USSR
_ Academy of Sciences.
"Bilateral ties between science and higher education," said V. P, Yelyutin,
"Is an objective reality of the intellectua.l life of a modern society. In
their historical development they have gone along arm in arm. The modern
- aspect of the university assumed its present forn under the definitive -
- - 11 -
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
' FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
influence of science. In the past and at present it continues to reinforce
- science with its gradua.tes, and in its capacity as a scientific establishment
itself actively participa.tes in the process of accumulating new knoKledge
and its practical materializa.tion. However~ our modernity and the entire -
- pace of ~urther perfecting the society of developed socialism requires a new
concept of the ]nterrelationship of science and educatiqn, and a neW approach
- to the realization of its creative union.
"Coaarade L. I. Brezhnev stated at the 25th CPSU Congress, tha.t 'The success of
~ the scientific-technical revolution and its beneficial influence on the economy
aad on all aspects of the life of society cannot be assured by the efforts of
the scientific workers alone. ~.listing all those participa.ting in social
production in this historically-significant process is assuming an ever-
greater role in all sections of the economic mechanism.' On the basis of the
principa.l instructions of the party, the university must first of all signif- '
_ icantly increase the level of tra.ining of specialists; and secondly, support
the enlistment of all of the many millions on its staff in the process of
the scientific quest~ and significantly increase its scientific potential and
the effectiveness of its ut:iliza.tion.
"Those Kho have gathered here today to discuss the designat~d problems,"
continued V. P. Yelyutin, "Officials from the Academy of Sciences and the
Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education, a.re carrying out a direct _
commission of the CPSU Central Committee and the USSR Council of Ministers,
Which adopted in April 1978 the decree~ 'Cn Increasing the Effectiveness of
- Scientific nesearcn Work at the Higher Educational Institutions,' contain~ng a
host of provisions the realiza.tion of which requires strengthening the con-
tacts between the USSR Academy of Sciences and the universities. An extensive
program for perfecting science at the university~ contained in this document,
proposes further strengthening of the role of the university in the national -
~ system of scientific institutions, and transforming it into a powerful inter-
sectorial scientific complex, capa.ble of conducting active research in prac- -
tically a11 spheres of knowledge, and providing for the introduction of these
achievements into the national economy.
"Ewen today an intensive quest for research is being carried on in practically "
all of our 874 universities and institutes, in which nearly one-half million
scientific-pedagogical personnel axe concentrated. Among these are 18~000
doctors and 175~000 candidates of science; and this is nearly half of all the
workers with scholaxly degrees and titles~in our country. More tha.n S00 -
academicians and associate members of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and the
academies of science of the union republics, are working at the universities.
- And here it is fitting to pa,use on the question of combined jobs. At one time
it was forbiddea to hold more than one office in a university~ in order to
weed out abuses in this area. But in fact this has led to a situation where
a significant part of the university's qualified cadres was lost. Subsequently
a nwnber of am,endraents to tk~e normative act were adopted, which permit more
latitude in recruiting prominent scholars and workers from the various sectors
of the na.tional economy for scientific-pedagogical activities.
- - 12 - ~
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
And the 57,000 graduate students at the university have made no small contri-
- bution to science; of these, 1,800 have been enlisted for research work.
_ "A?Yang with the more tha.n 30, 000 faculties-the basic link in the academic
- organization at the YUZ -there is an extensive system of scientific institu-
- tions. Among these are 60 scientific research institutes, ~,bout 1~500 problem
and industrial branch laboratories, as well as computer centers, botanical
gardens, observa.tories, museums, experimental design bureaus and about 450 _
scientific research sectors. The organization of tne North Caucasus Science
Center~ which was established through the combined efforts of the university
and the USSR Academy of Sciences~ has proved its worth. Possessing such a
powerful intellectual patential and broad organizational capabilities, the _
higher educational institutions are expa.nding their activities in the main =
channel of the development of Soviet science. They are carr-,~ing out a large
amount of the work connected with the tasks in the state plans for the eco- -
_ nomic and social develo~ment of the USSR and the union republics; with the -
various governmen~ decrees; with work progra.ms on solving basic scientific ~
and technical problems; with plans for scientific research in the spheres Df
natural and social sciences; and with the industrial sector and republic
plans for scientific research work in utilizing the achievements of science
and technology in ma.nufacturing.
_ ":In the last six years alone, expenditures for scientific research work in the
system of Minvuz, USSR ~inistry of Higher and Secondary Special Educatio]~
_ have grown by more than two times, and in 19?8 were i.n excess of 1.102 billion
rubles . A ~ the raturr.s ~o science rendered by the 'lUZ's ha.vc grown as well.
_ In 1978, for example, scholars at the VUZ's produced more than 3~000 mono-
graphs~ an equal amount of textbooks and educational materials, and contrib-
uted 130~000 articles to all-union and foreign scientific magazines. N:ore
than 11~000 certificates of authorship were granted for inventions, as well
as 320 foreign patents; and a number of licenses have been sold. Industry
confirms that the economic effect from the use of studies carried out by the
YUZ's, in 1978 alone amounted to nearly two billion rubles~ which exceeds by
nearly two times all the expenditures for science in the universities.
"Nevertheless," noted V. P. Yelyutin~ "The state of scientific research work
~ in the universities cannot be deemed wholly satisfactory. As was pointed out
, in the decree of the CFSU Central Committee and the USSR Council of N;inisters,
'Qn Increasing the Effectiveness of Scientific Research Work in the Higher =
Educational Institutions~' the scientific potential of the universities and
their skilled personnel are not being fully utilized in solving the most -
important scientific-technical and socio-economic proble^~s; there are still
feW important, complex research projects carried out at the higher educational
- institutions. The CPSU Central Committee and the Soviet governnent have
assigned to the State Committee on Science and Technology, to the Academy of
- Sciences, and ylinvuz~ USSR, the task of more extensively involving the VUZ's~
which possess skillerl cadres~ in carrying out basic scientific research and
practical studies in accordance with state plans for the development of science
- a.nd technology.
- 13 -
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
- "It has been shown that it is necessary to implement a number of practical
- measures for concentrating forces and resources on the most important problems
of science and technology; to providE~ for fundamental improvements in the
planning and coordina.ting of scientific research Hork in thw WZ's; and to
create the conditions for strengthening the ties between the processes of
- education and research."
In this regard, the speaker pa.id special attention to the development of
ba.sic research at the university. It is well-known that accelerating the ra.te
of scientific and technical progress is not possible without advanced develop-
ment of funda.mental and exploratory research~ the results of which serve as -
the basis for highly-efficient technical solutions and the creation of prin- -
_ cipally new~ progressive technological processes. The development of such
research in the universities is require3, in order to train skilled special- .
ists with a broad backgraund. However~ the proportion of fundamental scien-
tific work in the totaT volume of scientific research xork in the WZ's is
constantly declining, primarily as a result of insufficient funding of science ~
a~:the VU7's in the state budget, the amount of which in 19?8 totalled little
more than 14 percent of all funds received by the VUZ's from various sources.
_ The VUZ's monies are for the most part fixed by contract and they cannot be
used for fundamental research.
Experience shows that by far the most scientific research in the areas of the
na.tural and the social sciences is found in those VUZ's which actively collab-
ora.te with the scientific institutions of the USSR Academy of Sciences and
the academies of sciences of the union republics. _
_ The speaker considers that on the whole, the state of the creative ties _
between the higher educational institutions and the institutions of the Acad-
emy must be rated favorably. The Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences
continually renders assistance to the universities. A signifi.cant contribu-
tion to increasing the level of training of specialists was made in the imple-
menting of the plan worked out jointly by the i�Iinvuz and the USSR Academy of -
- Sciences, containing measures for carrying out the decree of the CPSU Central
- Committee and the USSR Council of Ministers, "Qn Measures for the Further -
_ Perfection of Higher Education in the Nation." The educationa.l plans and
~ programs of the VUZ's ha.ve been reexamined by scholars from the scientific
institutions; and twelve scientific-methodological councils and commissions
on the disciplines taught in the VUZ's are headed by acadamicians and assoc- _
iate members of the USSR Academy of Sciences. .
The close collaboration of the institutions of the USSR Academy of Sciences
, and the VUZ's is the creative basis on which instruction was organized in an
entire series of new subjects; also established were special depa.rtments for
refresher training of the c::tidres in the new~ forward-looking directions of
- science and technology. It is considered exceptionally important that the
- specialists are being tra.ined in these departments in the most up-to-date,
rapidly-developing directions of fundamental science and new technology, ~
such as the physics and technology of magnetic memory; the theory and tech- _
nology of laser communications; automation of experimental research; robots
- 14 -
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
and manipulators; optimization of engineering solutions; uninterrupted control
methods; and so forth. Taking pa.rt in the work of the departments are scholars '
from the institutions of the Academy, s~ecialists who have mastered the very
latest achievements in the corresponding axeas of knowledge.
At the same time~ V.P. Yelyutin believes, these departments can be utilized
for increasing the qualifications of the research fellows of the Academy of
_ Sciences itself, for training groups of special-purpose specialists in par- ~
ticular, with the aim of supporting the introduction of the results of scien-
- tific research into manufacturing. The first such experience, which concerns
a new area of science and technology-powdered metallurgy-is already being
cond ucted ; simultaneously, new equipment is being introduced and specialists -
are being trained who will use the new technology and equipment. -
Collaboration with the WZ's on the pa.rt of prominent scholars of the USSR
- Academy of Sciences in organizing the educational process and conducting
scientific research has become a tradition. In thE 1977-7$ academic year ~
alone more than 650 research fellows at the institutions of the academy, -
among whom are 30 academicians and 47 associate members of the USSR Academy
of Sci.ences, traveled to the higher educational institutions to deliver lec-
~ tures to the students, and assisted the professorial-instructor staff of the ~
WZ's in their educational and scientific work.
Scholars at the academy's scientific institutions are taking an active part
in creating textbooks and educational materials for the universities. During
- this five-ypwr gla:~, ~cr exar~ple, there riere 37 academicians and six associaze
- members of the USSR Academy of Sciences among the authors of books for univer-
sity students. "I'c is a pleasure to note," the speaker emphasized, "That some
splendid textbooks are being turned out by our prominent scholars. Several of
these, such as 'Obyknovennye Diiferentsial'nye Urovneni~a' ~lain Differential
uation], by Academician L~ S. Pontryagin; and 'Tekhnicheskaya Termodinamika'
~ndustrial Thermodynamic~, by Academicians V. A. Kirillin~ A. E. Sheyndlin
and V. Y. Sychev, were awarded USSR State Frizes.
_ Industrial and practical familiariza.tion, and laboratory classes~ are being
organized for students at the facilities of the ~cademy's institutions~ and
accredited course work leading to diplomas is being conducted. Thus, the
_ University of Vovosibirsk and the t�toscow Institute of Physics and Engineering
are organizing educational pursuits for upper-level students within the very
walls of the institutions of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
Coopera.tion with the Academy of Sciences is also being developed in the ma.tter
of training science instructor personnel. Many institutes of the academy axe
_ conducting special-purpose training for graduate students at the provincial and
_ at the new VUZ's. At the same time training of special graduate students in
a number of specialities is being conducted in the leading VUZ's for the
republic academies of sciences. And the USSR Academy of Sciences is rendering
assistance to Minvuz~ USSR, in increasing the qua.lifications of the instruc-
tors.
- 15 -
- FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Y. P. Yelyutin ~eported, tha.t scholars at the higher educational institutions
are becoming oriented towaxd opportunities for more active participation in
xork in accordance with the plans of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the
academies of sciences of the union republics. As a result of this, and owing
to the cooperation of the departments and scientific councils of the USSR
Acad.emy of Sciences the number of scientific reseaxch projects in the WZ's
caordinated by the academy is growing year by year. ~dhereas in 1975 there
were fewer than 4,300, ~n 197~ there were 6~0~0 projects.
Scholars at the universities and the Acade~y of Sciences are cooperating
successfully in publishing the results of scientific reseasch, in the prepara-
tion of monogra.phs and collections of scientific works; and in organization of
regiona.l, all-union and intefinational scientific-technical confer�e~,~es, con-
gresses and symposia.
It is especially fitting to speak of the noW-traditional ties between the
social science scholars of the USSR Academy of Sciences, IP~LF'L h',arx-Engels- ~
Lenin Ins~itut] at the CPSU Central Committee, the academies of sciences of
the union republics and the higher educational institutions of the nation.
The fruitfulness of these ties is manifested in particular in the prepara.tion
and publication of ba.sic textbooks on Marxist-Leninis~ theory. Thus, text-
books were prepared and published on scientific communism, edited by Academi-
cian P. N. Fedoseev; on political economics, edited by Academician A. r~.
Rumyantsev; on t4arxist-Leninist philosophy, edited by F. V. Konstantinov; and
on the history of the CPSU, edited by B. N. Ponomarev. The aforementioned
textbooks have gone through several editions and were translat~3 in r~a^;;
socialist countries. One can say without exaggeration that these books have
become familiar to all who are study Marxist-Leninist theory.
A number of VUZ collectives have been xecruited by academy departments as co-
executors in working out actua.l, far-reaching scientific problems. The speaker
expressed. the desire, that this work will become still more deeply rooted and
tha.t it will be coordinated with the proble~a councils of the USSR Academy of
Sciences.
Concerning ths scale of student pa.rticipation in scientifir, research projects,
in the opinion of V. P. Yelyutin~ the results of the annual all-union competi-
tions for the best student scientific work iri the natural, technical and hum-
anitarian sciences are good examples. The increase in popularit;~ of these
competitions is to no small degree promoted by the establishmen~t of the
medals of the Academy of Sciences~ with prizes for the students a.t the high- _
er esiucational institutions. ~The VASKhNIL ~11-Union Academy of Agl~cultural
Sciences imeni V. I. Leni~~ the Academy of Medical Sciences~ and the USSR -
Academy of Pedagogical Scie;zces followed the example of the "great" academy
in this respect and have also established medals for the best student scien- -
tific work in theix respective areas. In all~ 400 such medals have been
established.
- 16 -
FOR OFFICI~?L USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
. As a rule it is possible to solve the ma.jor scientific problems and make the -
fundamental discoveries capable of accomplishing great changes in science an~i
technology, at the modern stage of the scientific-techr~ical revolution, only
through the efforts of large scientific collectives and associations of spec-
ialists of diverse backgrounds, Kho possess capacious laboratories and experi-
mental facilities. "It is just for this reason," the speaker confirmed~ -
"Tha.t we ascribe especially great significance to the organization of joint
research by scientists at the universities and at the scientific establish-
ments ~f the academy. There are numerous shinind examples of such joint
research work, whieh have provided great scientific and practical results.
Suffice it to say that a significant amount of the work for which Lenin and
State Prizes ha.ve been awarded and which has been registered as scientific
discoveries, was carried out by scientists at higher educational institutes
with the co-authorship of scientists of the institutions of the academy."
Thus far, the material-technical ba.se of the departments and scientific
institutions of the VUZ's and the condition of equipping them with unique -
and costly instruments and computer facilities, still lags far behind tha.t
of the leading institutions of the academy and the industrial sectors.
_ Creative cooperation among the collectives of the VUZ and the scientific
research institutes of the academy permits use of the laboratory and experi-
mental facilities ahile carrying out joint rese~.rch projects at the most
modern methodological and technical-experimental level. As examples, V. P.
Yelyutin cited the work carried out by the staff of scientists at the Physical
Institute imeni P. N. Lebedev of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Atomic
Er.er~y Institute imeni P. N. Lebedev, and at the University of rToscow on
developing the physical principles and on creating and researching gas lasers -
_ energized with the use of ionized evolution. The use of instruments of the
Byurakanskaya Astronomical Observatory of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences,
as the speaker stated, permitted the scientists at the University of Yerevan
to solve a number of the most important problems in astrophysics.
= W'hile evaluating the condit_on of the ties of the university with the USSR
Academy of Sciences as good, V. P. Yelyutin nevertheless acknowledged tha.t
in this area everything is far from finished, and by far not all the existing
capa,bilities have been utilized. One would hope that the academy's scholars
would paxticipate more in the educational-training process in the WZ's and
in training and increasing the qualificatiions of the scientific research
cadres. This task requires imFarting to the ties a long-term, systema,tic
cha.racter. In the draft resolution of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of
Sciences and the Collegium of ~~invuz~ USSR, a proposal was included on
creating a special j~int organization for coordinating the contacts between
the universities and the USSR Academy of Sciences, for defining the long-term
directions of joint scientific research work~ and for generalization and
dissemination of progressive experience in this area. At the same time, it
is proper to provide closer cooperation between the scientific problem councils
of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the section of the Scientific-Technical
Council of rlinvuz, USSR. t4utual representation in them of scientists from
the universities and the institutes of the academy mt:st be expanded; the
con~ucting of joi~it sessions should be put into practice; i:~ a word, per,~a,-
- nent business contacts should be established in this area as well. -
- 17 -
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
~'OR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Worthy of atten~ion is the proposal on organizing complex scientific assoc-
iations composed of institutions of the I15SR Academy of Sciences, higher
educational institutions, industrial branch design organizations and the
industrial snterprises ~thich ha.ve been designated for working out concrete,
long-term problems. There is already positive experience to substantiate
- this proposal. A tripartite agreement on the introduction of electronic ray
technology is being successfully implemented among the Kursk Polytechnical
Institute~ -the "Akkumulyatory" Plan~ and the Electric '~ielding Institute
imeni E. 0. Pa.ton of the UkSSR Academy of Sciences. A similar agreement is
being concluded between the Krasnoyarsk VTUZ ~echnical VU] Plant~ its base
enterprise and the Institute of Physics of the Siberian Depa.rtment~ USSR -
Academy of Sciences. ~
Still another important question is connected with the practice of concluding
complex long-term agreements on cooperation between the higher educational
institutions and the institutes of the USSR Academy of Sciences, which ha.s
become Hidespread in recent yeass. It would be expedient to conduct thoxough -
joint analysis of the existing experience, and make recommendations for broad
utilization of this intelligent form of standard agreement on creative coop- _
eration between the VUZ's and the scientific establishments of the system of
the Academy of Sciences, embracing all aspects of the joint activities: the
educational process, training of the scientific-pedagogical cadres, and the
scientific research.
The joint session~ dedicated to the strengthening and development of creative
ties between the US3R academy of Sciences a.nd ihe universizy, is being held
for the first time. The speaker introduced a proposal ta recor,unend to the
- ministries of higher and secondary special education of the union republics
and to the presidiums of the republic academy of sciences, to hold similar
meetings as well. Their results will open new possibilities for developing
creative ti.es among the VUZ's and the scientific institutions.
Each forward step made by science requires new forward movement in the area -
of education. But the success of scientific though depends also on the rate
of progress in education. "Permit me to express my conviction~" V. P. Yelyutin =
stated at the conclusion of his report, "That the collectives of the VUZ's
and the scientific institutions of the USSR Academy of Sciences~ jointly
strengthening thsir creative cooperation~ will make a worthy contribution
toward the joint development of our native science; towaxd the acceleration of
thescientific-technical and socio-economic progress of Soviet society; and
toward raising the standard of living of the people and strengthening the
- might of our Motherland. "
~
During the discussinn of the report~ Vice President of the USSR Academy of _
Sciences, Academician G. I. Marchuk, called attention to the fact tha.t the
number of instructors and research fellows in the universities is much greater
than the number of scientists in the system of the academy. "Here," he said, -
- 18 -
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
' FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
"We have a matter of enomnous scientific potential which we are not utilizing
completely~ although science has put down deep roots in a number of WZ's,
not only in rioscow and Leningrad but in the provinces as well. For example~
in Tomsk there are two first-class scientific research institutes: the
Siberian Physico-Technical Institute and ~he Institute of Nuclear Physics.
~ These institutes~ which are at higher educational institutions, are playing _
a very great role, and according to the level of research being conducted
are in no way inferior to the academy.
"When speaking of the training of cadres in the university for the Academy of
Sciences, one must note that the close ties of the academy's institutions with
the ViJZ's-especially in Pioscow~ Leningra,d and Novosibirsk-per.mit selection -
of intelligent ~eople for science; but their state of preparedness is not
a.dequat e . .
'�The party requires that the scientists find neW concrete forms for the ties
betxeen academy and WZ science. In the Siberian Department of the USSR Acad-
emy of Sciences regional programs have become ba.ses for this work; in pa.rticu- _
lar~ the entire complex of the 'Sibir' program, in which a large number of
scientists have been active including those of the VUZ. Joint preparations
axe being made for scientific conferences, to include international conferences.
"For the VUZ's in the provinces a well-placed special-purpose graduate program
in the scientific institutions of the Academy is especially important; this is
also one of the forms of contact between the academy and the universities.
The Siberian Department has established ten chairs in the universities and -
institutes of Siberia and the Far East. And Minwz~ USSR, has taken special
note of this initiative."
:R~ight. now, in five cities in which there are affiliates of the Siberian Depart-
ment of the USSR Academy of 5ciences, there are five universities; the activi-
ties of these and others are well-coordinated. "They have hardly done every-
thing possible~" G. I. Marchu'�: considers; "But it is better to begin with the
concretes for example~ with the establishment of joint expeditions; expanding
special-purpose graduate fellowships at the VUZ's; and organizing workers'
_ conferences on determining the direction for research."
Deputy Minister of Higher and Secondary Special Fducation, RSFSR~ E. K.
Kalinin, speaking on the subject of what has been done by the higher educa-
tional institutions and Minvuz of the Russian Federation, for strengthening
coopera.tion between the university and the USSR Academy of Sciences, reported -
tha.t: "Specifically~ in 1578 scholars at the VUZ's had conducted research on
1,41~ topics which were included in the coordinated plans of the Academy,
New educational and scientific cQ~plexes..a~e l~ing established jointly. One of
those functioning successfully is organized on the facilities of several
faculty departments of the Irkutsk Folytechnical Institute and the Siberian
PoHer Engineering Institute of the Siberian Depa.rtment, USSR Academy of
Sciences. In general, very good cooperation has been established between the -
VUZ's and the institutes of the Academy in Siberia; the agreement concluded
earlier in 1979 ~etween Minvuz, RSFSR~ and the Siberian Department is taking -
- 19 -
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY _
on special significance. In addition to that which has already been mentioned~
= they envisage, for example~ joint use of experimental facilities and collective
use of unique equipment. The most important aspect of the agreement is the
organization of a number of progra.ms for regional complexes by i~invuz~ RSFSR,
and the Siberian Department of the USSR Academy of Sciences on developing the
natural resources of Siberia. A complex program on automation of scientific
research is being organized jointly with the USSR Academy of Sciences. The
goal of this program is to develop the means of automation in the interest of
the Academy and the university. And there is preliminary agreement with the
Academy for organizing yet another complex program on power engineering.
I! _
"Preparations are in progress for development and manufacturing in the lOth .
Five Year Plan of unique and hard-to-get scientific equipment and instruments
for joint reseaxch. It is envisa.ged that no ma.tter what kind of instrument is
developed in the university, its manufacture in quantities required for both
the university and the Academy of Sciences will be assured. And the Academy
will do the same. ~
"Proposals are also being developed concerning scientific-educational centers
for the Academy and rSinvuz along the Volga, in Siberia and the Far East. The
question ha.s been decided concerning organization of such a center at the
Kuybyshev Institute of Aviation. At the initial stage it is proposed to create _
a laboratory of the Academy on automa.tion of scientific research there. The
corresponding depa.rtments of the VUZ will be attached to it, as well as exper-
:.mental production facilities. Being structurally a subdivision of the 'lUZ
for planning a.n3 methodolcgy~ th~s laborat~ry should be placed under ~h2
- USSR Academy of Sciences."
"The general directions of the research, the principles of cooperation and -
- coordination of the work in the area of the social sciences~" said Vice
President of the USSR Academy of Sciences~ Academician P. N. Fedoseyev, "Is
determined for the long run in each five-year plan at joint sessions of the
- USSR Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special
Education of the USSR, and then is defined concretely by problem councils of
the Academy. In this r~anner, significant results have been achieved on a -
number of important scientific problemso especially on questions of the _
history of the USSR, the history of social thought~ and literature. At the
same time it is fitting to point to the fact that the activity of the scien-
tific councils concerns primarily the scientists ~n Moscow and ~he YUZ's in
the capital cities. For example, in Saratov there is the respectable
Povolzhskiy Scientific Council -or, to put it more aptly~ center for social
sciences -which baings together hundreds of skilled spec~.alists in the social
sciences from the 'lolga area. But the Academy's problem councils are not
well connected with these. The complaints expressed to the Academy's councils
on this matter by the workers of the provincial VUZ's are completely justi-
fied. And after all, in solving economic problems, cooperation in socio-
logical research is especially important~ not only with the capital but also
with the provincial higher educational institutions. And the same can be
said of questions on the history of the USSR.
-20-
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000200104447-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
"The fruitful cooperation of the scientists of the Academy and the universities
ir. working out the 'Sibir' program was already spoken of at the conference.
" But during the study of the problems of the Non-chernozem Belt such cooperation
~ xas, unfortunately, lacking; although support to the WZ cadres of sociolo-
gists, economists and especially a.grarian economists, is sorely needed.
"It is obviously appropriate to think through and define a system and struc-
ture for the ties between the Academy's councils on scientific problems and =
the extensive system of ViJZ's, bearing in mind that representation of one VUZ
or another at the council will still not solve the problem since all VUZ's
cannot be included in this manner. ~vidently~ the councils should depend on
an association of certain VUZ's in their work. In general, the questions of
~ the work, the composi~ion, functions, tasks and obligations of the Academy's
councils on scientific problems should be among the most important.
"And still another remaxk: It is very important to deliniate in the scientific
work those crash programs and those sectors, where the assistance of the VUZ ~
cadres is especially needed." _
Vice President of the USSR A~ademy of Sciences, Academician B. N. Petrov,
expressed his opinion tha.t the Academy's scientific councils have ~layed a
large role in bringing together the scientists and workers of the various
ministries a.nd depa.rtments~ as well as the universities. The creation of the
gamma telescope, which was accomplished by the efforts of the Institute of
Sga.ce Research of the USSR Academy of Sciences and a number of other Academy
and ~'L`Z or~aniza~i~ns, can serve as an example. A goad beginning :ras ~r~.de
with the organizatian of a scientific association in Leningrad, composed of
the scientific research computer center of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the -
Leningrad ~lectrical ~gineering Institute and the "Krasnaya Zarya" Associa-
tion~ for the study of problems associated with the use of computer techno-
logy in scientific research projects. A large project, in which a number of
the Academy's scientists are participa.ting, is being conducted by the N:oscow
Institute of Aviation.
The activity of ma.ny scientific councils, in particular the Scientific Coun-
cil of the USSR Academy of Sciences on Problems of Traffic Control and ilaviga-
tion, is organized such that a number of sections are headed by scientists
from the VUZ's. The USSR National Committee on Autom.atic Control has its
own territorial groups in all the republics and the largest regions of the =
~ nation. ?~Iany VUZ's, institutes and i.ndependent laboratories of the VUZ's
have already achieved a high level of work. Take for example~ the Institute
of Mechanics of the h:GU ~oscow State Universit~. In terms of the depth
~-of the research, this is a.n Academy institute, and that is why ~he activit;~
- of the institute is reflected in the coordinated plans o~ the USSR Academy
of Sciences. All of these are individual examples~ ar.d one could have cited -
more .
The undertaking of Minvuz connected with developing complex programs deserves
high marks, particularly tha.t on the automation of scientific research.
Obviously, such programs could become the basis for establishing experimental _
scientific-technical associations of the Academy, the university and industry.
- 21 -
FOR OFFICIAL USE OPZLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
An important role is played by discussing at the VUZ's the research being
carried out at one or another of the Academy's institutions. The Department
of Mechanics and Control Processes, and the Department of physical Chemistry
and the Technology of Inorganic Materials of the USSR Academy of Sciences have
conducted guest sessions at the NiAI Tioscow Aviation Institut] and at the -
Moscow Institute of Chemical Technology imeni D. I. Mendeleyev (;'~I~TI). The
work of a number of laboratories was carefully examined there, and one could
become acquainted with various concrete studies. Such guest conferences
should be held more often.
It is undoubtedly proper to sugport the initiative of Minvuz in the plan for
creating educational-scientific centers. But this initiative is being delayed -
because of the lack of accommodations and praper equipment. Equipment for
such centers was 3emonstrated in Moscow at an exhibit devoted to joint projects ,
- of the socialist nations in the area of computer technology. A selection of
- such equipment could ha.ve been made the basis for equipping the VUZ educa.tional- _
scient ific centers with modern instruments and computer technology facilities. ~
~ The Rector of MKhTI imeni D. I. Mendeleyev, Associate Member of the USSR Acad-
emy of Sciences, G. A. Yagodin,~stressed the necessity for expanding and
strengthening the creative coopera.tion of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the
university in solving the historic problem of combining the gains of the scien-
tific-technical revolution with the advantages of the socialist system of man-
� agement, and the necessity for studying and disseminating the experi~nce of =
_ the progressive '!UZ's in this area. Scientific research work in the VUZ's is
an impoxtant means for improving the auality of trai.ning uf specialists. It
has an influence on the entire peda.gogical process~ on the quality of the
lectures and practical studies, and on the phychology of the instructors and
the students. The active cooperation of the VUZ's with the USSR Academy of
Sciences is an effective method for increasing the topicality and qua.lity of _
the scientific research conducted at the university. _
Tie s between MKhTI and the Academy of Sciences ha.ve become a tradition; seven
of its graduates have become acadamicians and 17, associate members of the TJSSR
Academy of Sciences. Taork on special-purpose scientifical-technical programs
is going well at the institute. There are 18 such programs at the institute,
and they bring together 65 the:nes the development of which occupies more than
a third of the professorial-instructor staff . In its work, tr~:hTI is assocT
iated with 20 institutes of the USSR and the republic academies of sciences.
The Academy's institutes have offered the "t4endeleyevka" the opportunity to _
utilize their unique equipment. Research fellows at the institute publish up
- to 1,000 articles per year, about half of them in the ma.gazines of the USSR
Academy of Sciences. Scientists at the institue are working in 16 of its -
problem councils and are r~embers of a number of the editorial boards of the -
Academy's magazines.
V. V. Rzhevskiy~ rector of the t~oscow rlining Institute, spoke of the necessity
of enlisting specialists of various backgrounds from Moscow's VUZ's for work
on t'~e coordinated plans of the Academy of Sciences. He stressed the import-
ance of the VUZ's scientists and students in exploratory research (~rbjects in
-22- -
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONL1'
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
applied science are also carried out under economic agreements), as Kell as -
- in introducing the results of basic scientific work into practics. "Perha~s~"
~
he said, For these pur~.oses it ma.kes sense to conclude agreements on cooper- ~
ation between the WZ's of an indi:stria? sector and the corresponding ins~itu- -
_ tions of the Academy." -
J Academician Secretary of the Department of Geology, Geophysics and Ceochemistry,
B. S. Sokolov, considers that nei~her the VUZ's nor the Academy's scientific -
potential is yet being used effectively: "The WZ's and the Academy have much
in common, above a11 the fact that the students at the VUZ's represent the =
- future of aIl Soviet science. Their training must be conducted at a strictly
modern level. At the same time many depa.rtr~ents in our WZ's are poor in
terms of research equipment; in some of them it ha.s not been nodernized in ~
decades. ~.irtherr,iore, both the instructors and the students are weighted -
down by the nandatory academic 'c~bligations'. A person who must teach from .
700 to 800 hours during an academic year cannot be profitably occupied with
- science; for, in practice the number of hours is doubled and even tripled:
Obviously, Minvuz itself must reevaluate in ~he most serious manner the system
of academic workload of the instructors and the students, significar:tly increas-
ing the latter's time for independent work. At the same time it is fitting to ~
inerease the particiga.tion of personnel at the Academy's institutions in the -
edu~ational process. Qn this plane, the University of Plovosibirsk can ser~re
as an example: Its students~ beginning with their sophomore year, perfect
their knowledge in the institutes of the Aca.demy. ~ere, the training of
specialists by the piece has become a reality, if one ma.y put it that way.
The same could be achieved in a number of the VUZ's ~f Moscow, Leningrad,
Kiev and other cities, where there is a strong academic and industrial branch _
scientific research ba.se." -
The rector of the Moscow Higher Technical School imeni N. E. Bauman, Academi-
cian G. A. NiItolayev, expressed agreement with the speaker quoted above, with -
regard to training scientific personnel in the VL'Z's. However, he considers -
the system of training engineers for the national economy-designers, technol- -
ogists, economists and so on-has its own peculiar features. "I am pa.r`~icularly
impressed," said G. A. Nikolayev, ";~iith the proposal made at the session on
creatin associations among the Academy, the VUZ's, the OI~3 ~pecial Design
Burea~and manufacturing. At the same time, of course, one need not necess-
arily have an entire VUZ in nind; this can apply to only a certain individual
direction of its work."
From the point of view of the speaker, science should not be separated into
Academy science or VUZ science; science is one, although there are special
- features. Therefore, the basis for an idea on joint work s~ould ori~inate at
~ the Academy, be thorougrly developed at the VUZ, and then be sent to the OKB
and subsequently to manuzacturing.
G. A. Nikolayev welcor~~ed the establishment of base VUZ depa.rtments at the
institutes of the Academy, and at the same time called attention to the admin-
istration of the fundamental disciplines by the de~rtments (ma.thematics,
physics, chemistry), which are very seldom headed by members ef the Academ~.
-23-
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
In this sphere, the Academy's assistance has been essential. And, evidently,
it is necessary to indicate the need for close ties - above all between the
- Academy and the so-called ba.sic VUZ's ~ which should become foremost with
respect to the scientific. It would also be useful to organize a special
section in the t4oscow Council of Rectors to deal with questions of ties with
the scientific establishments of the Academy.
Yice President of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Academician A, iT . Siderenko, -
` declared that, The question examined at the conference is especially important
just now, at the present stage of coordination of the efforts of all of Soviet
science directed toward development of the national economy."
"The various geological councils of the Academy, " the speaker reported, "To -
- a great degree consist of scientists from the Academy and from the university
and have never been divided in terms of depa.rtmental subordination by ar?yone.
- But that is at the center ~ whereas in the provinces the situation is somewhat
different, Therefore, the prestigious councils on scientific problems would
be well advised to devote some thought to organizing a complex of scientific
establishments c~i the Academy and the university-corresponding with the
branches of the councils in the localities . The editorial staff of the ma.ga-
zines which are published along the lines of 'Sections of Earth Science,' as
a rule are made up not according to depa.rtmental criteria but according to =
- the prestige of the scientific personnel. This practice should be expanded.
"The USSR Ministry of Geology at one time had established base geological
administra~i~ns a.nd expeditions for conducting s~uder.t prac~ical Taor?~. T~:~
utility of this measure was never in doubt. Course work completed by ihe
- students at the ba.sic geological organizations, in a number of cases served
as the basis for future degree work and candidate disser`~ations . It would
- be fitting to make certain scientific reseasch institutes into bases for
- conducting proba.tionary work for ma.stering new methods; having specified in
special documents the appropriate ties between the Ministry of Geology and
t~iinvuz, between rlinvuz and the Academy of Sciences ~ and between the depart-
ments of the VUZ's a.nd the subordinate units of the scientific research
institutes . "
A. V. Siderenko stated that, in his opinion, there is one essential mistake
in the training of the professorial-ir_structor staff of the VUZ's that must
be corrected: year in, year ou-t it is ma.de up of its own graduates. Very _
few instructors ha.ve completed a gooci industrial school or school for scien-
tific work in the system of the Academy.
It would be expedient to enlist more wi3ely the outstanding scientists, to
deliver lectures in ~he VUZ's on scientific problems; to teach small indepen-
dent courses where tY~e fi.uidamentals of the most important achie-iements of
- modern sciencz could be bxought to lioht. This would facilita~.e enhancing
the knowledge of the professors and instructors as well as �~;~e students.
- Frobably every member of the P~esidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and
every prominent scientist would be able to take part in this work,
- 24 -
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Rector of the Kuybyshev Institute of Aviation, V. P. Lukachev, dedicated his -
speech to one of the new forms of ties between the Academy and the un#.versity
He reported that in Kuybysnev there are bout 74~000 students; tha.t the city's -
_ higher educational institutions are working on dozens : scientific programs
xhich ha.ve industrial branch~ republic and union significance, and that the
Kuybyshev WZ's ha.ve begun to take part in projects which are heing carried out -
jointly with a number of ministries, and with many industrial branch and
Academy institutions. In order to better and more fully utilize the existing
_ scientific potential, the speaker proposed organizing in ~he Volga area special
scientific-educational centers in the university framework, which would coop-
_ era.te in conducting research in accordance with the programs of the USSR Acad-
emy of Sciences. '.~Jith the establishment of Academy laboratories in the VUZ's, -
it is necessary to strengthen their ma.terial ba.se as well. This ba.se can be _
used also for better training of specialists for the national eccnomy. .
- The Academician Secretary of the Depa.rtment of Biochemistry~ Biphysics and
Chemistry of Physiologically Active Compounds, A. A. Bayev~ stressed the import- "
ance of scientific projects and programs as the ba.sis for joint work by the
Academy of Sciences and the university.
The question of the qua.lity of training of specialists by the universities
was formulated by Academician N. N~ Inozemtsev. "Appaxently," he said~ "The
situation varies according to the various disciplines; but the situation with ~
respect to training economists cannot be considered satisfactory. Cne of the
main reasons is the unsatisfactory level of the basic instructor staff at the -
university. And the fact thai tne over~rnelming number of graduate students in
economics are cvncentrated in the VUZ's which have an insufficient number of
highly-qualified instructors leads to a proliferation of poorly-prepared spec-
ialists. Incidentally, in such Acadeny institutes as the Institute of 41or1d
Economics and International Relations, the yearly flow of graduate students
is only ten people. And this~ with 75 doctors of science! It is by all
- accounts expedient to sharply redistribute the spaces for graduate students
in favor of those scientific institutions which are able to provide the
required level of training for specialists. It is high time to do this, if
we are genuinely concerned about the future of science, and about the future
of higher education. _
"As far as special-purpose gradua.te fellowships are concerned~ these should
also be restructured. Because right now, if you call a sg~.de a spade, there
are two types of graduate students: those who have pa.ssed through competition~
and the 'sedentary types' to whom passing an examination with a score of three
is sufficient, in order to re~rain in ~raduate school. Are there really o:~ly
a few talented people in the country? Should not genuine competition be set
up for everyone so that those selected for graduate school are truly the best?"
In his summar.y of the discussion, President of the USSR Academy of Sciences,
Academician A, P. Aleksandrov, remarked that: "The most important task of the
session was to promote the capability of the hi~her educational institutions
to turn out specialists who are capable of creative work, And such a genus of
specialists can be trained for our science, industry and agriculture only in -
the process of creative research activity in the VUZ's and the institutes of
the Academy,"
-25-
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
FYom the many questions raised during the discussion of V. P. Yelyutin's
report~ the president selected the question of equipping the WZ's with
mod.ern research technology. "Obviously~" he said, "This problem xill be
solved more quickly in the Academy will take it up together with the VUZ's. _
- This will permit enlisting the student-designers in the affair also, and
Nill permit overcoming the difficulties connected with producing the instru-
. ments in small lots." The Academy is transferring a pa,rt of its equipment to
the VUZ's. "But in addition~" said A. P. Aleksandrov~ "We are asking that
the equipment which is transferred be handled with care. And the Academies
of Sciences and VUZ's now must pa,y the most serious at~ention to automation
of experiments in physics, chemistry, biology and the other sciences. The .
complex of instruments ma.nufactured by the industry of the socialist countries
permits extensive automation of experiments." A. P. Aleksandrov stressed the
need for a unified ideology, and standardization in establishing the facilities ~
for a mechanical experiment.
In the opinion of the president, familiarity with computer systems and techno-
logy used in the Acadamy's institutes is of great advantage to future ~NZ
graduates. Thus, the y~~ung specialist entering industry will have nastered
modern systems and can pa.rticipate in work on introducing the results of
basic reseaxch into the national economy~..
- In conclusion, A. P. Aleksandrov suggested tha.t those pa.rticipa,ting in the
conference who did not have the opportunity to speak~ submit their proposals
in writing so that they might be taken into consideration in t!~e resolut=or.
concerning the qusstion which was discussed.
,
. In the resolution which was adopted, it was noted that up to now +he forms of
cooperation between the university and the USSR Academy of Sciences which have
taken shape have fully justified themselves: such as~ participaticn of the
VUZ's in joint research with the scientific establishments of thz USSR Academy
of Sciences on coordinated plans in the area of the natural and social sci~nces; ~
conducting scientific research work on the basis of agreements on scientific
cooperation; p}ablication of joint scientific projects; participation of VUZ
scientists in drawing up programs on solution of the most important problens
in the area of the na.tural and the sacial sciences for the years Z976-1990;
tours by members of the departnents of the USSR Academy of Sciences to the
provincial VUZ's for familiarization with organizing educational and scientific
work in the localities, rendering scientific and methodological assistance,
- and delivering lectures; jointly conducting international congresses, all-union
conferences, seminars and symposia; and participation of scientists of the
_ USSR Acarlemy of Scientists in training highly-skilled scientific cadses~
through sgecial-purpose graduate fellowships at the nation's higher educational
institutions.
However, the resolution points out, there are serious shortcomings and unused
capa.bilities in the developmer.t of cooperation between tne university and the
USSR Academy of Sciences. Highly qualified scientific-pedagogical cadres at
-26-
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
_ the university are not fully utilized in research projects on the most import-
- a.nt scientific-technical and socioeconomic problems; and far from every ViJZ in
. the country has been enlisted to perform scientific work in accordance with
the coordinated plans of tr~e USSR Academy of Sciences. There are still few
_ important complex research projects carried out in the WZ's. The subject
matter of the reseaxch projects carried out in accordance with economic
_ agreements with enterprises and organizations, in a number of instances~ are
of a casual nature.
University personnel are inadequa.t~ly enlisted to perform joint research pro-
jects on the facilities of the Academy's scientific establishments, and in
particular for work on the unique installations the USSR Academy of Sciences -
possesses. The proven practice of establishing branch university chairs at
- ~he leading institutions of the USSR Academy of Sciences is not yet sufficiently
developed. Frominent scientists of the USSR Academy of Sciences seldo;n take
_ part in preparing up-to-date textbooks and educational materials,nor in the
work of increasing the skills of the WZ instructors. �
In the interests of furthering the development of scientific research in the
nation's higher educational institutions~ and strengthening the ties between
the university and the scientific establishments of the USSR Academy of Sciences,
the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Collegium of the.USSR
Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education ha.ve resolved to approve
the activity of the sectors of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences;
of the departments, scientific research establishments and scientific councils
- on gzoblems cf t:~e JSSR Acade~zy of Sciences; the Scientiiic-iechnical Council
and its sections; the Main Administration of Scientific Research Work, the
Educational-t?ethodological Administration on Higher ~ducation~ the Administra-
_ tion for the Leading and Scientific-Pedagogical Cadres of r!inwz, USSR, and
Higher Educational Institutivns, for strengthening the cooperation between
the U5SR Academy of Sciences and the university, and to recommend that they
take every measure for further expansion and perfection of this cooperati~n;
proceeding from the tasks defined in the decree of the CPSU Central Committee
and USSR Council of P~Iinisters, "Qn Increasing the Effectiveness of Scientific -
~ Research ~7ork in ~he .:ieher r,ducational Institutions
It has been deemed expedient to form at the Presidium of the USSR Academy of
Sciences and P?invuz, US5R~ a council on ties between the USSR Academy of
Sciences and the university for solving the problems concerning strengthenin~
- and perfecting the scientific and scientific-pedagogical cooperation between
the VUZ's and the scientific establishments of the USSR Academy of Sciences,
as ~rell as long-term planning for traini.ng scientific cadres. The basic tasks
_ of the council have been defined. Its leadership ha,s been placed on Vice
President of the USSR Academy of Sciences and Rector of the i4oscow State
University, Academician A, A. Logunov.
It ha.s been recotnmended to the scientific problem councils of the USSR Academy -
of Sciences and to the sections of the Scientific-Technical Council of Minvuz,
USSR, to constantly maintain close contact in working out coordinated plans,
_ and definin~ the ~rospects and directions of joint scientific research projects
by the Academ~'s scientific establishments and the VUZ's, etc.
� -27-
EOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
~
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
A request ha.s been made to the Scientific Council of Problems of Scientific-
Technical and Socioeconomic Forecasting at the Presidium of the USSR Academy
_ of Sciences and the USSR State Committee on Science and Technology (Academician
A. A. Kotel'nikov)~ to examine the question of more e~ensively enlisting the
UUZ's in developing the Complex Program for Scientific-Technical Progress for
the Next Twenty Yeaxs, in the interests of more completely reflecting the con-
tribution of the university in the development of the nation's science, tech-
nology, economy, and culture.
It ha.s been deemed expedient to conduct at joint sessions of the Presidium of
- the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Collegium of Minvuz~ USSR, as well as
those of the presidium of the union republic academies of science and the
collegia of the republic rlinvuz's, periodic discussions of the results of
scientific reseaxch work and the prospects for development within the frame- .
work of coordinated plans of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the academies
of sciences of the union republics. .
It ha.s besn decided to expand the practice of concluding long-term agreements _
on creative cooperation between~the institutes of the USSR Academy of Sciences
and the WZ's; at the same time~ ha.ving provided the necessary conditions for
enlisting the provincial VUZ's for scientific research; providing their re-
search fellows long-term temporary assignments for work on the unique installa-
tions at the Academy's scientific establishments; expa.nding the praceice of
allowing students at the WZ's and above all at the universities to complete
Kork towards their degree at th~~ scientific establishments of the USSR Academy
of Sciences.
The P~rsonnel Administration of the USSR Academy of Sciences, together with
the Administration for N'anagement and Scientific-Pedagogical Cadres of i~:invuz,
USSR, ha.ve been corunissioned to work out a unified plan for VUZ instructors to _
do their probationary work at the scientific establishments of the USSR Acad- .
emy of Sciences; and, by means of special-purpose graduate fellowships~ train
the scholars with the highest qualifications~ for~the.new.and the insufficiently
staffed specialties.
It has been suggested tha.t the departments of the USSR Academy of Sciences
take pa.rt in improving educational plans and programs on ~he basis oz increas-
ing the importance of the fundamental sciences in the theoretical and profes-
sional training of specialists with a broad background; by more completely _
reflecting the newest achievements of science and pxo~ressive experience while
training cadres for all sectors of the national economy, for science and for
culture; having stipulated in the educaticnal-methodological documentation the
- organization of training the cadres and rationally combini.ng theoretical know-
led.ge with the ability to solve practical problems.
The Council on Ties between the USSR Academy of Sciences and the University
must assure more active ga.rticipation by the scientific establishments and
the scientists of the USSR Academy of Sciences in prepa.ring textbooks and "
educaiional ma.terials, and in working out educational plans and programs for
_ the'universities on the natural and social sciences.
-28-
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
It :ia,s been recomrended tha.t the higher educational institutions regularly
invite proninent scientists of the USSR Academy of Sciences to deliver
lectures at the WZ's to the professorial-instructor staff, to graduate stud-
ents, and to the undergra.duates~ and also at WZ departments for increasing
their qualifications; or independent short courses on the most important
achievements of modern science. It has been proposed that the departments
and scientific establishments of the USSR Academy of Sciences give the VUZ's
all possible assistance in these measures.
It has been decided to encourage independent participation by the personnel
at the VUZ's and at the Academy's scientific establishments at the scientific
conferences, meetings, seminars and symposia conducted by the USSR Academy of -
Sciences and ~Iinvuz.
The department of scientific instrument manufacturing of the USSR Academy of ~
Sciences, together with the Main Administration for Scientific Research rlork
of Minvuz, have been commissioned to carry out work on bringing to light ~
completed original development of new instruments for the purpose of speeding
up their manufacturing at the enterprises of the USSR Academy o= Sciences and
- Minvuz, and transfer of parts of them for assimilation into industry.
A request ha.s been made to the academies of science of the union republics
to discuss the questLons touched on in the present resolution with the
republic t~?invuz's. It ha.s been deemed necessary to examine at the session
of the Council on Coordination of Scientific Activities of the Academies of
Scian~e of thc ilnion Republics ~che resulzs oY the af'orementioned discussior.s
and to plan measures for developing scientific research in the VUZ's of the �
union republics and strengthening the ties between th~ universities and the
republic academies of sciences, taking irto consideration the positive ex-
periences in cooperation of the academies of sciences of the Ukrainian SSR~
- Belorussian SSR and Lithuanian SSR and the higher educational institutions of
these republics.
_ COPYRIGiiT: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", "Vestnik Akademii Nauk SSSR"~ 1980
9006
cso: 1828
- END -
- 29 -
FOR OFF'ICYAL USE ONLY ~
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000200100047-7