JPRS ID: 9221 LATIN AMERICA REPORT

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• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000300010004-3
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• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 46
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 4
• Content Type: REPORTS

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~
JPRS L/9221
~ ~5 July 1980
Latin Ar~eric~ ~e~ort =
~ _
CFOUO 16/80) ~
~ _
FBiS FOF~EIGN BROADCAST INF~ORMATION SERVIC;E
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NOT~
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are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
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mation was summarized or extracted.
Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterateu are -
enclosed in parentheses. Wc~rds or names preceded by a ques- _
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- original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
~ Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times withiz items are as
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_ JPRS L/9221
~ 25 July 1980
LATIN AMERICA REPORT
,
(FOUO 16/80)
CONTENTS
INTER-AMF;RICAN AFFAIRS
~Ie~cican Education Delegation Visiting Cuba
(Jose Dos Santos; PRELA, 12 Jul 80) 1
ARGENTINA
Noted Columnist Explains Confusion of Political Parties
(Eduardo J. Paredes; LA OPINION, 15 Jun 80) 2
Motives, Effects of Martinez de Hoz Trip to Europe Surveyed
(Sergio Ceron; LA OPINION, 15 Jun 80) 7
CUBA
Sola Vila Repiies ii~ Geneva to U.S. Ambassador in ECOSOC
� (PRELA, 10 Jui. 80) 12
Mongolian Envoy Urges Eialt to U.S. Maneuvers in Caribbean
(PRELA, 11 Jul 80) 16
EL SALVADOR
Salvadoran FDR Leaders Denounce Possible U.S. Intervention
(PREI,A, 12 Jul 80) 17
Salvadoran Priest Condemns U.S. 'Intervention'
' (Tomas Dia2; PRELA, 12 Jul 80) 18
FPL Issues Communique on Actions of Past 6 Months -
(PRELA, 11 Jul 80) 19 ~
FAPL Issues War Bulletin on Fighting
~PRELA, 9 Jul a0) 21
- a - [III - LF, - 144 FOUO]
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GRENADA -
Bishop Condemns U.S. Imperialism at Studec?t Seminar
(Earl Bousquet; PRELA, 1 Jul 80) 23
JAMAICA
Mayor Says CIA Involved in Destabilization Plans
(PRELA, 3 Jul 80) 25
Governing PNP Reports Harassment of Youth Group
(PRELA, 28 Jun 80) 27
NICARAGUA ' -
Ortega Speaks to 'PRELA' of Attacks on Revolution f
(Javier Rodriguez; PRELA, 13 Jul 80) 28
Archbishop on Church-Government ItelaCions
(PRELA, 8 Jul 80) 30
Borge Addresses Sociology Congress
(Francisco Urizarri; PRELA, 5 Jul 80) 32
Ramirez Closes Sociology Congress
(PRELA, 6 Jul 80) 34
Briefs
Cuban Teachers in ?vicaragua 35 `
Help for Salvadoran Refugees 35
" PANAMA
Briefs
M-19 Meeting Denied 36
PERU ~
'PRELA' Reports 'LA CRONICA' Article on Carter, Nonalined
(Carmen Meza Ingar; PRELA, 29 Jun 80) 37
SURINAM
Military Council ~pposes 'Oppression' in Guyana
_ (PRELA, 23 Jun 80) 39 _
VENEZUELA
Youth, Christian Democrats Take Stand on E1 Salvador
(PRELA, 8 Jul 80) 40
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INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS
i~XICAN EDUCATION DELEGATION VISITING C'JBA
PA122138 Havana PRII,A in English 1952 GMT 12 Jul 80
[Co~ent~ry by Jose Dos Santos]
[Text] Havana, Jul 12 (PL)--A delegation of the higher education sector
of Me~ico met with the rector of the University of Havana, Eustaquio
Remedios, as part of i_ts contacts to step up bilateral state coliaboration.
Tne Mesican representation, headed by Jarge Hanel Del Valle, rector of
~:ie Azcapotzalc unit of the autonomous metropolitan University of Mexico,
has also held similar meetings with the top authorities of other Cuban
higher education centers, of the Ministry of Higher Education and the
Nationa~ Center of Scientific Research.
The aim of these contacts, Hanel Del Valle told PRENSA LATINA, is to step
up aitd concrete collaboration with Cuba in the field of higher education
and to take advantage of Cuba's valuable experience in the last 20 years.
He holds tne opinion that the agreements signed between C~iba and Mexico
in this field can be perfected, so as to obtain broader exchange with
better results.
Mexico is interested in broadening relations in the engineering field, in
questions related to the use of solar energy and architecture.
- Hanel Del Valle un.derlined that the initial results of these new contacts
will be of ;.nterest to President Jose Lopez Portillo, who will visit Cuba
from July 30, because education is one of his permanent concerns."
=J
The intensification of these contacts, he stated, is not being undertaken
solely for its possible economic effects, but also due to "us being
united in our h~story and cultural forma.tion."
He praised Cuba's efforts in this sphere of national life and he added that
_ he has been able to see in his five days in the country a people full of
life and hi~man warmth.
He said that "on all occasions we have seen the joy and happiness of this
country which has worked to resolve ~n the best way possible its needs in
all fields and there is a very awareness of the responsibility of each one
in this task. Great satisfac~.ion can be seen, particularly in the children
and youth."
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ASGh~iTINA
~
NOTED COIAI+lNISP F~LAINS CONF4SION OF POISTICAL PARTIES
Bnenos Aires Ll.l ~OA in S~aniah 15 Jun 80 p 11
[Article by Dduazdo J. Paredes: "And What If the Qnly Tz~ap Ia R~at There
- Is &o Trap?"]
[Te~ct] It ie unlikely that the new political pa.rties statute will be ap-
proved and g^o into effect by Alarch 1981, even thongh the preaeat Mi.nistry
of Interior, headed by Gen Albaao FJduazdo Harguindeg~y, will begin to
draft the bill in que$tfon during the sacond half of thia year in order to
have it camform to the atand.asda set by the militasy juata aad submit it
to the Leg3slative Ad.visary Commdasion at some fntu~e time. But it can be
said with a great degree of certa,intq that, stasting e~cactly on 15 June
- 1981, the nex preaidential administration will find the matter far enougl~i
advaaced to pe~it the legal aad gradual orgaaizatian of Argsntine poli-
tical parties, after a11 the sole iastruments appropriate for the practical
ca~duct of affairs th~t will resalt in a representative democz~acy.
~e g~overnmexit' a politioal of.fice has e~valuated xhat ha,s transpired during
this phase.of the political dialogue, natL:rally aeparating the contributions
of party representatives from thoae made by national sectors that are per-
- fectly delimited, Aad it ia in terms of this evaluatioa that it has ob~ec-
tively come to the concluaion t~hat the 2atter are t~he ones that make pro-
' posals, whereas the leadera of political parties prefer to make gen~ral
statemE:ats as to their tbiak~.ng and wait for the development of the mili-
tary strategy before offering aDy additiaa~al opinion of their own,
~ In political circlea, it is cla3med that one of Genaral Aarguindeg~y's ad-
- viaers has expla~ned the sitnation in the following rrays "~e Argentine
political pa~ties are much elearer aa to how to ach3eve poMrer thaa as to
, what they ought to do with it. gnd now they are bei.ng called on not to plan
hatir to a~hieve power~ but to be asked what they wauld do Frith it if they
did have it. That is w~y we are getting these doubtfl~il or dorraright ailent
T@SjiOIIB@S, n
Zbis 3s one more opiaion~ a~ respectable as some othera, However, it ts
possible that the politicians Imorrrrhat do do with the power, but t~hat they
are goiag throug~ this process with the fear that there may be a power
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behin~d. the poKer, tbat is, the Armed Forces, which keeps them from making
bigg~er political promises. On t~e ba~is of this assumption, everything
appea,rs to be s3mplified. ~rom ~93o to date, the power held by the poli-
- tical parties has always in fact been subordinated to the aLilitazy g+overn~ _
men.t and. the only politician ~ho ezercised his power in imlimited fashion
from 1946 ~955 ~ Lt Gen Juaa Peron, a member of the militazy... At
this time, it is absolutely divisive to discuss the favorable or disquali-
fying jnd~ents Peron may have deserved from his comra,des in a~s. Beeause
this kind of thinkin9 is ezclu~ively aimed. at ob3ectively asauming that
Peron's acr�ession to ualinited poWer was produced by his military atatus.
Cipriano R~yes, h'~ita, the descamisados, Miranda and a11 the rest of the
elements of the Peroa story are mere aaecdotes in the face of the inao~3test-
able real.ity that, if Peron had t~een a lawyer, a dentist, a bo~kkeEp~r or
a vorker, he ~?ou].d with luck ha~e m~n~ag~ed to r~rite a ferr boolss or headed �
a national delegation. ~nd if he had become president, thi.ngs would not
have gane aay better with him than xith Yrigoyen, F`rondizi ~r Illia. Peron 6
ha,d the power he had because he was a soldier and he achieved. that power
because he wa.s a soldier, starting from the fact that fascist experiments
elsewhere in the world had placed. in the ban~ds of the armed forcea the easy
ideological option of assuming absolute political por~er i.n those countries.
Whether it takes him 30 or 60 y~ars, Arg~eatine politiciaa is forced to
' live with the practical necessii,y of practicing his politics with a constan�t _
eye on what the militaryr gnvernment is doing or has stopped doing. Because
that is the rray tbin8's l~ave been in Argentina for a half a century noW aad
- it would be absolutely Y~ypocritical not to admit that this is the case~
It is precisely the present sitnation rrhich conflicts with tbis reality.
73ii.s militazy government has more porrer than ar~y other aad, paradoxically,
ia looking for in~titutional rraye of marshaling its power, "of civilizing
it," of limiting itaelf ~n terms of the dang~era of tota,7.itariaa temptation..
It does not offer the masses a strong maa. It does not resort to t~e
~,t.,azy demag+cgy of "orde~ and progress" as the sole reason for living,
a,s did at one time Franco ia Spain or Mussolini in Ita7.y or Hitler in
Ge~. Zt has not "take~n over" the ed.ucatior~al syatem to institute a
massive brainwashing in supPex"t af an id~aiogy suited to the militazy dic- -
tatorship. Nor has it "taken aver" the mass media for the purpo~ae of broad-
caeting the "Saa ?~orenzo March" a11 day long; on the contra,ry, it is cri- -
ticized for introducing a sort of cultural mediocrityt that is not very
differeat from that which came into being in these media under the egis of
- the law and order g+~vea~meat.
WQ may sa,y tb,a,t this military g~overna:ent is enormaus, unrestricted, ~totally _
esaggerated, bu.t not ideologically stifling, and methodalogically democra-
tic. Some of the military officials are intellectu~311g coarse, politically
in,ept aad dog~matic in terr~s of doctrine ~ bnit no~e of them - noae exhibits
ideelogical attributes of a totalita.riaa nature, Some, an the other haad
Videla, Harguindegt~, Saint Jeaa, Busae ~rhea he was govezsor - ezhibit aa
odd a~rmbiosis betxeea the classical k3nd of mia.itary performaace mentality -
~+yo~ pa3nt everything that doe~'t move ar~d salute eve=y-thing that doea"
aad a feeling for gol3tical opportunity -"I wil:. do what in the long rnn
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suits maay, although the ertent i~o ~ich I do so suits no one" - and the _
proof of this ia visible~ 4 yeasa of government s~rith none of the ma~or
_ erpead3turea some c~vili.aa g+overnment usual~y comea up with dvring a simi-
lar per3od of tame, On the other hand, criticizing the g+crrvernmeat ia a
democratic necessity which is as lavishly exercised in Arg~atina as it is
P~~~Y...
Politicians are terribly con~sed because the trap this military g~ovezament
has laid for them is the fact that th~re ia no trap~ So thgy are xaiting,
eomewhat apprehensively, for aome marked car~i to a-~ear, some infamous
alliance toxard a ca~vergence, some militaxy caadidacy, at lea~t a cabalist
sign capable of demonstrating t1~at the trap eiists, And it ~nst does not
appear. The procesa is following its conrse and marshaling of laas with a _
militaiy g+~verrL+++~+t stubboraly determined to see to it that this dichoto- ~
moas Argentina of loafers and bard workers, ~okers aad aerious people,
carrnpt aad honest, active aud pa.ssive maaages to establiah a~ational model -
aacepted by most of the people which guarantees "order aad progres~" with -
democracy~ pluraJ.i~m of ideas, civilized_differ~aces of opinion aad a leg3.-
timate aad legal vig~or that endows this Whole "melaag~s" of political posi-
tians With an appearaace of seriausnesa~
Perhaps the politiciaus think aad I apolog3ze for the dialectic appeal -
that z~ot lay3ng a trap is, after a11, a deceitf'~1 procedure. Because the
country ha,s g~ottea uaed. to traps and the very refle~c of habit makes non- .
- deceitflal adhereace to the rules of the game look like a trap. It is like
aitt~ing dowa at a gaming table ~h].l oY cazd sh2.rpers arid banning ar~y cheat-
ing beforehand. ~-ie a~e who has the "sabot" allows no cheatir~g. ~hoee
- players s~ho are in the habit of cheating have the fee].ing that the cheating
lies in the fact that they caanot cheat,
'Ihat ia precisely w2~q they are xaiting for the legal co~es the statnte, to
see ti+hether it will coata~n baas, ideological infring~ements or urr~~u.a,1
" systems that xiZl interfere with the developmer~t of the politician~ In
terms of inethod, they request in pla3n langu,ag~e a retunn to the free e~cer-
cise o~ politics, But they are waiting for the statute to see what the
legal lin~its of auch eaercise will be,
An,d the statute aught to be veiq snccesafl~]., bra~,dly ~oined with the deIDO-
cratic ideas of the prncess but with a pinch of legielative keenness that
tacitl~ forces the pa~rties to act as a forge of capable ].eaders. Because
_ the problem of competence aad qnalification for offices has nnqnestionably
ariaen during the dialogus as f,wo of aar ma~or natia~al. concerns.
~ere are still, some greedy individuals who waat to qualify the vote in _
perfect dempnstrati.an of a r~.~cism directed ag~a~inst t'aoae Who uaed to be the
"little blaclc heads," au opportunist racism, moreover, since thQ cultural
_ level of the educational.ly and economically most underprivileged classes
- is not so lov. Thep man not ]maw Who they xazit to vote for, but they know
flil], well w}io they do aot waat, ~7ien thsr~ are others who, far from that
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earlier error, xant to find a for~mu].a that Will qualify the f~nction, aad
this is not so absurdly elitist, rather, if you wish, rea,sonable. TYiis
kould be no more than a legal gua,rantee that someone xho assames public
office is competent to do the ~ob aad, although th~ methods are not in-
fallible, they cou].d meau progress in the scree~nin.~ and wreeding out of the
zuling c]sss in search of competent ad.ministrators~
But aver].p com~licated alchemies are very hazd to cazzy out in practice,
even deceptive. Not every university gra~duate is of necessii,y a grood law-
nraker, just as not every conser atory ~aduate is a g~ood pianist.
Actual.ly, one does not have to be a geaius to realize that competence is
achieved by coastantly raising the le~vel of de~velopmeat of mau's activity, .
no matter ahat field We choose ta look at. All in a11, better pupils for
a better teacher aad for better pnpils a better school that accepts only
better tea,chers.
Political competence is achieved ~ri.th g~ood. politicaZ parti.es, bnt xithin
the ccmtex~ of a countPy with g~ood edu.ation, a good judiciary, a gnod uni-
versity, good labor laws, a gaod econo~i.c policy that makes possible higher
income aad a fair distribution of the fruita of production, g~ood diploma,cy
and a g~oQd everyfih~ng that one caa think of~ When a country gets on its
feet and makes a positive effort, when ridiculaus contradictions are set
aside aad a na.tiona,7. awareness of barmonioue aad honest ~rrowth is Astablish-
ed., competent lea,ders appear all by themselves r+ithaut a~q need for some
- magical labora.tory ~o set itself to turning them out. With moral baak-
r~zptcq, political and economi.c ct~aos, the rejection of intelligence, metho-
- di.cal corrnption, constant deals aad conte~pt for the law, the gnod leaders
disappear aad are replaced by inept politiciaas.
Competence is ac,hie~ved by ia~proving st~ndards and conatantly demanding the
best of aneself, From the Aristoteliaa point of view, thi~3 caurse, which
creates a g~enuine aristocra,cy aad whic2i has ~othing to do with the pluto-
cratic aristocracy or that of the nobility of the last century, is the
point of departure for the great political, ecaalomic, busi.aess, educational,
clil.tural aad sporting world leaders. And let no one come up w3.th the azgu-
ment tbat it is bard to lmow who is the best, because it is impossible to
be mistaken abrn~t the active progress of the life of a count=y. No chief
ed.itor of aay daily doe9 not lmo~r ti+ho his best editors are and which of
them cc~uld be assistaat chief editors tomorrov.
Bat in order to be able to choose the beat, we have to give them leewa.y to
pexforn in importaat activitiea, ope~n the doors ~o real participation,
permit a camfron.tation of systems and methods, raise fasmers' economic
staad,a.rd.s, set the g~ovez~at beb3nd the ma~or ser~ri.ces the comrmuiity needs
a~d, the comx~wity in pursuit of the great activities that make life worth-
while. When a11 this is har.3led by t~he mac,h3nery of g~aves~.ment, we flatten
o~urselves, su.ffocate aa~d become med.iocre, i~hen a11 this is haadled throu~
fihe creative spir3.t of the individnal, traasformed in organi.zed fashion into
~oint action, the le~vel of comgetence is iu~ediately raisedo
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~.iis is wh~r the political pax~ties st~tu~e is important, even if the trap _
ia that there are n9 more trape. With a point of departure that launchea
the citi2ea on a forced march toxard a respectable level of activity, they
day xill coa~e when there will be more thaa eno~~ competent leaders. If
the parties are a cra,dle of dem~cra~ey, truly democratic leaders Will emerg~e.
~ Zf the ~arties are a cradle of deceacy, truly decent lea,ders will emerg~e.
Aad the same xill be the caae ~+ith the labor nnions, the uaiversity, private
- eaterprise, diplomacy, c~lture aud sports.
Naw that China is in vogne, a rrort.Y~y conclusion is a Chinese pro~erb: "It
is never difficnlt to lmaw who is the best because it is tremendously
difficult to find out who is the worst." Actually, I do not 1moW whether
this is a~hinese proverb because it ~ust occurred to me, Bnt it ought to
' be one, oughtn't it?" '
cc~c~r: r~a o~ruox 19ao ~
11, 466 -
cso: 30~0
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ARGII~TINA
MO'l~IPES, F~FDCTS OF MA~ DE HOZ Z 7'0 E~RCIPE SIIRVEYF~D
Bu~aoa Aires LA OPINSON in Spaaish 15 Jnn SO p 10 �
[Artic~e by Sergio Cero�~]
[Tezt] G~ Taesday 10 Jtme, the a~nister of econoaQr returried to Arg~tina,
- tdms pn~ a Et~ropean to~r that took 25 days and during which he trave3.ed
through siz couatrie~: Spain, S~itzerland, Auatria, the FHG, F3~glaad and
France, On az�riving at ~teiza~ he sa3d that the ob3ect of his trip ~ras
basically "to establiah ca~nta~cts vith the hi~est raaking official aad pri-
' vate parties and, at t~eir imri,~ation, e~gage in an analysis of t,he e~volu-
tion of the Arg+~atine econo~ now tha': the pmgram is entering on its fif~h
yeat of inplemeutation~.~"
D~ Jose Atfredo Martiaez de Hoz akiltl~].ly avoided ar~ reference to aa uader-
atandab3e casicern on the part of &v.ropeaa finaucial circles due to the baak
crisia tY~a.t has arisen in aar coamtt~, The fact is that t;here is a certain
amount of nervan~ass among creditors, rrhose donbts aver 7hird World natione'
ability to settle the debt co~tracted. with the bigg~er natians are grawiag
day by day~ Of c~arse, Argentina is an e~cception to the geaeral zv~7.~, since
it ie almost self-sufficient in terms of ineeting its ener~r needs aad is oa
the verge of becoming aa erporter. In t11ta latt~r fie2d, it has been able
- ~o couat on. a favorable trade balaace (up uatil 1979) and bas demonstrated
ita ability to incree?se ite food producticai ia the nezt fe~r years. At ar~y
e~vent, rum~crs have been g+oing about in the world of finance t.bat aeveral
developiag countries are going to stap making payments, Givea a total debt
of ~325 billion, the pote~tial insolvency of Brazil (with a debt of $54.2
billian in 1979, according to the Il~') or of a~r other heavily indebted
natioa (South gorea, =20,6 bill.ion; Tnrkey, ~15.8 billion; Arge,ntina,
- =14.6 billian; Y`ug~oslavia, =13.7 billion) poaes a seriaus threat ta the
_ i.nternational barilsing sqstem.
E~?erything ~oints to the Yact that Martinez de Hoz h3s ancceeded ia reas-
snring his k~ropean interlocutors that, within the limits of 6rgentina's
domestic finaacial vicis8itudes, they caa count on its faatastic economic
eonndnesa, capable of seeing it throu~i crises atld maladministrations.
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It is very possible tk~at the head of the Ministry of ~sconomy's optimism is
not exagg~rated when he c1aiL:a that he has obaerved growing iatereat in our
aounta.q in F~rope, as well as recognition of the importance its intea~ational .
presence ia beginaing to acquire. Per}aa~s, ~s a f,rood golitician whic.h
he is I3astiaez de Hoz is laying too mach emphasis on f~cusi.ng on his Old
~ World int~rlocntors' concern over the possible comtinuation of tlrgentiaa's
current economic policy a�ter March 1981. Zhis is cez~ta~inly true, but it
~at also be true that the "arm" - to use au expression dear to his op- ~
p~ents - rafaed hopes ~oo. _
At aRy rate, the succession of economic miasions from different Westeai
countries confi~s th~ a~ini.ster' s opinion as to the interest Argentina is
giviag rise to. . '
What caa w~ espect of Old airope? In principle, We cannot encour~e too
ma~qy illnsions as ta a~ big increase in tra,de, givea the very nature of
the IDC, laimc,hed vnder Freach preasure on a costly aelf-sufficient econo~ _
in terms of farm and livestock produotion. On the other hand, Martinez
de Hoz po3nted ont that "3n our countrY apPortunities for new investments
for ~oint enterprisee betxeen indnstrialists of those countries and ours
aad for a transfer of technology may be 3ointly esplored; that ~s, e~very-
thing that has to do with our ov~rall economic relat~onship."
We ~uat take into accaunt - and certa3nly the mi,nister is axare of this - -
the fact that Arg~tina is to a certain extent a margina.l cauutzy for
4festern E~rope, one in Which aa investment caa be made if the affair pro-
_ videa a g+ood retuai aa,d one which offers a climate of political confidence
trut which for the present does not gigure amc~ng its priorities inasmuch as
it is rei egated to playing the role of suppli.er of strategic raw materials
= or energy, items toward vhich t,he entire conce~ of Old WoY~ld leaders ia
directed. The E~C has a large intez~al masket of its otirn, its basic eco-
nomic aa,d geopolitical intereats are dirActed toWard the riiddle East and
ite natural reserves of rax materials are in Africa. To this picture, we
~at add 3ts growing trade with the Sov~iet IInion and those couatries in
the latter's orbit. -
At the sa,me time, a situation has ai'3.sen i.nvolving a gradual diasoZution
of ties with the IInited Statea. While not yet c~nflicti.ng, E~iropean a~d
~mericaa ~ntereate are ahowing signs of becoming more and more diverg~ent.
Thue~ led by GermaRy aad F~r~rice, Westem Europe is stressing detente in
its politics and more specifically Bonn has refused to reduce its trade
with the aocialiat na~tioas. ~
Prime Miniater Helmut Schmidt (THE ~JCONOMIST, 6 October 1q79) has said:
"FUndamentally, the aim of Brezhnev's line of action is not war in ~rope,
nor ia it the unleash~ of offensive movements on our continent, rather
+,,he ma3,ntenance of a stable aad safe sitvation. As far as I can aee, no
offensive attitude liea concealed behind Russiaz? policy,"
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In au eztensive analyais of the contra,dictiona that exist inside NATO -
(LE MOND~EE DIP'LOMA~IQUE, June 1980), Faul Cha~msol refers to aa essay try _
- Peter Jay, the es-British amba~sador to Wash:s+.gton, in Wh3.ch he eYpresses
his alarm aver the passible and i~inent creation of a sort of "Europeaa =
Reich, n on the way to breaking with Was~i.rigton and destroying the harmon4y
aad vigor of the West. -
- "NationaJ.ism is the typical political disposition of Europe," Jay claims,
_ "aad the chisf daager ir~ that the old feeling of F~ropean nationalism will
= pervade the EF7C aiad guide i ~ in too familiar directions: 1. economic
~ national.ism (economic self-sufficienc~, mercantilism, protectionism);
_ 2. politica,l centrali~m; 3, militazy assertioa, which wovld erode and
_ fin~,lly destroy Weatern unityo"
Perhaps from arl overly insular viewpoint, the former Britiah diploarat draxa
, an apocalyptic picture of the ftiiture if "~rope tur~s itselY i.nto an end
in itse~f" aad makes its leadership~ whic,h is being asaumed. by the FRG,
Whoa~ industrial aud fir~ncial interests conflict with those of II~gl.and
- aad the IInited Statea, responsible for this situation~
Indeed~ stasting with the British Parliament'a decision not to apply sano-
~ tions a,g~a3.nst the Iraaian Government retroacti~ve tn t~he date of the aeizure
' of the Americaa hoeta~g~es, Landon too seems to have taken a step backaards
in terms of its historic co~itmenta t~ its former American eolonisa~
~he dispute between both NATO fact::ons over Iraa has b.ighlighted e~dsting -
disa$reements over tra,de. The most urg~ent problems involve exports of
F~izopean steel to the Americaa market (at dum~ping prices, local producers
say) and U. S, sales to the EHC of chemical prociucts aud fibers, also ap-
= parently at reduced prices. On both sides of the ocearz, they are protes~-
ing a.ga.tust foreigi subsidies aud promoting their own to deal with the _
- ~rs of the reeession, Preciselq to attempt to a~ree on aa "armistice,"
on 22 a~ud 23 May, the seven chief capital+st g~overaments (the IInited States,
Japaa, the FRG, Fraace, Great Britain, Ita1y aad Car~a,da) met in Yenice~ _
With that special kind of British humor, TgE DCON~+~1I~'I' of London maintains:
"~ren the Almightq took 6 days to strai~ten out the world's original prob-
lems; aad He was not working xith a co~ittee." So, hox caa we imag~xie
_ that everything will be resolved 3n 1 day of political deba,te and another
of ecoaomic analysisY ~
The prestigioua Briti~h publication also suggests that this su~it meeting
- is 5 months late~ It ahould have be~n called in Jariuary ahen tYse seizure
= of the 9m;erican hostages Kas ma~de even more aerious with the Russi~ i.~
vasion of Afghanistaa. Bnt neither Caster nor a~y of his allies asaumed
- the initiative on his own aad the da~age has already beea done. 9merican -
reprisals against Irau have been only half-heartedly supported by Airope
aad Japan aud the allies shcw even less enthusiasm regarding Afghanietan.
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And n4w, the whole situation will be rrorsening W3.th the initiative adopted
by the nine E~ nations, who ha.ve been meeting at tne same place in Yenice
aince laet Friday~, to come up with a solution to the Palestinian problem~
which implies that the Pales~inians will be represeated during peace nego-
tiations in that area~
Old World diplomatic subtlety, however, makes use of t~he term "self-deter~
- mination," which Arafat interprets as a Palestinian atate and other, more _
cautious observers as tl�ie right of the Palestiniaais to live in their own
laad. Ii seems that aay reference ta the OLP [Palestinian Liberatiou
Orgaa3.zation] will be avoide3 in the documents involved, deapite the fact -
that on Wedneaday Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in Parliament refe~red
to the "legitimate rights of the Paleetinian people" in a style that comes
close to the demaads made by t,hat org�dnization. '
- James Carter, who g~oes from extreme caution to uacontrolled exal.tation,
� had no qua].ms about informing his allies that he would resort to his coun-
try's veto right if the F~ropeaas introduce a resolutioa at the Unit~
Natians that would inter~ere ~rith the procesa of negutiation bagan at Camp
David. -
Rau~hly sketched, thia was the intarnatianal picture vrhen our mi.~ister of
economp~completed. his tour~ How does this fit in with ~rgentine foreign
policy? First of all, we have to reduce it to its 3ppareat, original pur-
poses to succeed in reassuring the E~iropeaxs a.s to our country' e ecoaomic
and firiancial soundne~s in order to increase the floyr of investments aad
technological collabo~ation, We caa go no fa,rther thaa that, There is no
point in ezpecting miracnlous increases in reciprocal ~rade.
If we take a look at the gov~ex~ment's recent directivea for activn on inter- ,
national affairs, we caa, on the other hand, see that it is trying to once
again set to righta - apgarently rri.th promising results - our ~elatians
with the IIaited States, is ptucsuing the policy of Latin-gmerican inte~
tion spearheaded by Buenos Aires, has entered into a phase in ita ties ~?ith
H~az3.1 rrhich may offer great hopes a~a~d also raises substantial doubts, has
set its sights on the F'ar East as a big current and potential market and
has not abaadoned good trade relations xith the IISSB aad the socialist
_ couatriea. ~
A,8 EL 1~RCII~RIO of Santiago, Ghile, has recently pointed out, there ie a
goad measure of health,y pra~matism in the Palacio Saa Martin's diploma~.t~ic
- offensive. But it is a pra~atism sub~ected - as the hig~est ranking
officials of the politico-military governmeat vill poiat out - to a acale
of values that is nourished by a WestAm and Qhristian view oY the unive~se. ~
Ina,sanich as we are a ma.rginal natioa as far as ~rope is concerned, We have
to look for allies elsewhere. In the event of aa iate~ational conflict,
ovr atrategic destiny lies rrith the AmQricaa continent. It behoaves the
- IInited States and Latin America to b8come allies and mntually defend one
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aaother. ~here is no other altezxiatine, ~e Chileaa-rTapaaese strategic
and economic sphere will increase ita influence on w~rld affairs as time
g+oes by and maintenance of the current xorld status quo will make possible
the intensive development of that par-t of the world, There we have another
posaible ally of Argentina. ~rope is dependent on contingencies, on xhat
means it can use to eliminate its differences with the United Sta.tes and
atop a Ruasian offensive desi~ed to militarily occupy it or simply neu~- _
ralize it ar~d turn it inta a"no man's land~"
A nation cannot live in isolation, without allies. As a ba.sic principle of
ariy strategy, Argentina ~st lmow how to choose them and, at the same time,
unambiguously identify its potential enemies.
COP'YFtIGHTt LA OPIIdION 1980 ,
11,4b6
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~
CUBA -
SOLA VILA REPLIES IN GENEVA TO U.S. AMBSSSADOR IN ECOSOC
PA100324 Havana PRELA in Spanish 0100 GMT 10 Jul 80
[Text] Geneva, 9 Jul (PL)--Cuba today accused the United States of grant-
ing protpc;ion, asylum and financing to thousands of criminals and delin-
quents, torturers and assassins who have fled from Cuban justice since the
triumph of the revolution in 1959.
Luis Sola Vila, Cuban representative Lo the international organization in
Geneva, categorically rejected the statements of U.S. ambassador to the
United Nations Donald McHenry regarding the individuals who have "left
Cuba for the United States during the past few weeks. The U.S. ambassador
~ made the statement at the sessions of the UN Economic and Social Council
(ECOSOC) being held here. -
_ We are first of all surprised, Sola Vila said, that the United States is
using this session of the ECOSOC, which is essentially to analyze
international economic problems which affect the weak economies of the
underdeveloped countries, to bring up social problems that are mainly
caused by the government of that country through its policy of exnloita-
tion and sacking of the nations of the so-called Third World.
The Cuban diplomat recalled that the United States was the one which allowed
_ into its territory rhe cri.minals and thieves of tyrant Fulgencio Batista's
government. He added that sfter 1959, the U.S. Government continued to
receive torturers, criminals and thieves of the public treasury without
expressing any concern.
Now, Sola Vila said, the United States is concerned that among the individuais
who have recently left Cuba for the United States there are some with
criminal records.
He recalled that from 1959 to date, 296 Cuban vessels have been hijacked
or were the victims of piracy and were taken to the United States and that
40 planes were hijacked and taken to that country, on many occasions with
toll of several Cuban sailors and crew members killed.
12
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Is it that those assassins are not classified as criminals by the U.S.
Government because they killed Cuban patriots? Or is it that those who
attack and sink Cuban vessels are not criminals? Or is it that those who
come from U.S. territory and with obvious complicity of the Washington
government have attacked Cuban ports and murdered women and chiidren are ~
not criminals? tfi~. Cuban diplomat asked.
" It is well known, he said, that hundreds of Cuban origin delinquents and -
criminals move about the U.S. streets but most of these gentlemen are
heroes for the United States and live on the generous payroll of the -
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
- He recalled that in 1962 the United States suspended all flights to Cuba '
for the purpose of creating discontent and promoting counterrevolutionary
actions by those who were then left in Cuba with passports ready to travel
to the United States.
_ He stressed that in this way the U.S. Government encouraged all types of
illegal departures from Cuba as an instrument of the dirty imperialist
propaganda. He added that all kinds of criminals, lumpens or antisocials
_ who left in this way, either hijacking vessels or undertaking actions of
piracy, were welcomed as heroes in the United States with great publicity.
The U.S. policy against Cuba, the Cuban diplomat said, has been characterized
by the 20-year-old blockade, the aggressions, invasions, mercenary attacks,
the assassination attempts against our leaders, the spy flights over our -
air space and the presence of a naval base in Cuban territory against the
wishes of the Cuban people and government.
He added that during the past 21 years, the United States has tried to
sabotage economic plans, maintain Cuba in underdevelopment and poverty
and defeat the people through hunger.
The Cuban diplomat also asked: Based on what morality does the United
States speak of international law and what international law permits the
blockade of a small country and what law authorizes the United States to
specif ically violate Cuba's air space?
What international law protects the criminal plans of the CIA against Cuba
which were recognized by the U.S. Senate itself? he asked.
Sola Vila also said that Cuba wished to clearly state its position when
there is talk of formulating an interna`ional attitude regarding refugees
and humanitarian aid to them.
- If it is a matter of formulating concepts that have already been defined
in international instrUments such as the classification of refugees in
order to introduce vagueness which can subsequently be used as a political
weapon and that is our exper~ence of what the U.S. Government has done,
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~ trying to mak2 appear as refugees and persecuted individuals the migrants
wno leave my country for other proven reasons which have nothing to do
with those that classify a refugee, then my delegation will not participate
in that game, Sola Vila said.
The Cuban diplomat added that if ~he debates to be held by the ECOSOC
serve to determine the real causes of the migrations from the developing
countries--which are provoked by the situation of hunger and misery that
_ reigns in most of our nations and which forces our citizens to migrate,
- fleeing from the consequences of colonialism and underdevelopment for which
the United States is mainly responsible--if the debates are to clarify
and condemn the political objectives of those who use the migrations as a .
weapon against other states which like Cuba has shown its will [voluntadJ '
and self-determination and to condemn the aggressions of all types which -
a country like Cuba has been suffering for more than 30 years from a
powerful neighbor who denies other peoples' right to self-determination,
then we will promote that debate.
Sola Vila also said that the United States is trying to use the people who
migratA to its territory to benefit its own interests. He added that this
_ attitude has been worrying the international community, particularly the
chiefs of state or government of the nonalined countries who in their
Havana summit conference in September 1979 deeply lamented the exploitation
for political objectives of the people's right to leave their country of
origin.
The Cuban diplomat added that the United States seeks to continue to call
the Cuban immigrants refugees despite the fact that it has been established
that they have been classifie~! as "refugees" only because of the prcpaganda
of the mass news media controlled by the transnational information agencies.
A juggling act has been tried by recognizing that the Cuban immigrants are
not refugees and at the same time saying that they are. With this, the
United States is trying to cast doL?,ts over the criteria of the United
Nations,Sola Vila said.
He added that the United States is avoiding an analysis of what Mr Paul '
Hartling, UN High Commissioner for Refugees, has left clear: That the
Cuban immigrants are not refugees. He noted that the United States permits
its news media to continue to distort the truth and to use a name that -
has been rejected and invalidated by that UN agency.
The Cuban diplomat also said that the Cuban Government, as it has publicly
stated, is willing to discuss and negotiate with the United States overall
problems and relations but not isolated and partial problems which only
interest Washington and its strategy against Cuba.
These discussions, Sola Vila said, can only be based on the end of the
blockade, the existence of the Guantanamo Naval Base and the spy flights
over Cuban territory.
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He added that he reiterates that the issue is bilateral between the United
States and Cuba and that to try to internationalize the problem is part
of the campaign 2nd strategy of the U.S. Government against the Cuban
revolution.
On behalf of Cuba's dignity and sovereignty, we vigorously reject the _
attempts to involve the international cc*~unity in the problem that was ~
intentionally created by the U.S. Governm~~nt, Sola Vila said.
CSO: 3010
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CUBA
MONGOLIAN ENVOY URGES HALT TO U.S. MANEUVERS IN CARIBBEAN
PA122235 Havana PRELA in Spanish 0144 GrTT 11 Jul 80
[Text] Havana, 10 Jul (PL)--The Mongolian People's Republic demanded
here today that the United States halt its military maneuvers in the
Caribbean area and withdraw its troops and militaYy equipment from
- the region.
- The demand was made by Mongolian ambassador to Cuba Ochir~~n Tsend at a
press conference given on the occasion of the 59th anniversary of .
_ Mongolia's revolutionary triumph.
Ambassador Tsend also termed the maneuvers undertaken by President
James Carter's administration in several Latin American countries as
adventurous actions.
The socialist diplomat also denounced that the present Chinese leaders who,
- with their hegemonistic great power policy, have joined the most reaction- -
ary U.S. groups.
In this regard he mentioned B~ijing's attacks against Vietnam, Laos-~rid
Kampuchea as well as the constant tension on the Chinese borders with
Afghanistan and other neighboring countries. -
Mongolia voices its solidarity with the Cuban people at present when the -
United States is increasing its hostility toward and military threat
against Cuba, Tsend said.
The diplomat also stressed that his country advocates strengthening the
unity of the world's revolutionary movements and supports them in their
st~~uggle for national liberation. In addition, it advocates the peaceful
coexistence of countries with different social systems and the establish-
ment of lasting peace in the world.
The Mongolian diplomat gave an overall view of his country's political, _
economic and. social development on the path of socialism.
Tsend also highlighted his country's achievements in different fields
which, he said, could only be accomplished through the revolutionary
process and with the solidary support of the socialist countries.
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EL SALVADOR
SALVADORAN FDR LEADERS DENOUNCE POSSIBLE U.S. INTERVENTION
PA130304 Havana PRELA in Spanish 2308 GMT 12 Jul 80
[Text] Panama City, 12 Jul (PL)--Leaders of the Salvadoran Revolutionary
Democratic Front [FDR] have denounced the possibility of direct U.S. mili- _
tary intervention in E1 Salvador to supporti the present regime and to attack
the Nicaraguan revolution. Juan Chacon, Hector Silva, Jose Rodriguez Ruiz,
Rafael Men~ivar and Enrique Alvarez, top leaders of the FDR, made the state-
ment for the Panamanian magazine DIALOG SOCIAL. They added that intervention
~ in E1 Salvador is part of a U.S. counterrevolutionary strategy to prevent
the development of the revolutionary processes in the area and to overthrow
- the Nicaraguan Government of national reconstruction.
In this respect they cited statements made by U.S. Defense Secretary Harold -
Brown, to the effect that his country would intervene in E1 Salvador if
there were foreign participation in the Salvadoran conflict or an eventual
border problem between Mex~co and the United States. [Sentence as receivedJ
_ Under this pretext Brown is trying to get the U.S. Senate to approve military
aid of $7.5 million for E1 Salvador and a$3.5-million military credit for
Honduras, said the Salvadoran leaders.
They said that their people decided to take up arms to liberate themselves -
because it was the only route left open by the United States and the Salva-
doran oligarchy after closing off the option of elections through fraud
and repression.
The FDR is a large alliance of popular, democratic and revolutionary forces
which recognize the political and Military Coordinating Board as their van-
guard and propose to put in power a new government advocating political,
economic and social changes in the country.
CSO: 3010
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~ EL SALVADOR
FPL ISSUES COMMUNIQUE ON ACTIONS OF PAST 6 MONTHS
PA121214 Havana PRELA in Spanish 2245 GMT 11 Jul 80 "
[Text] San Jose, 11 Jul (PL)--The people's militias, the zone guerrillas
- and the Peoples Liberation Army carried out 63 military actions in 14 de-
partments in E1 Salvador during the first 6 months of 1980. -
- A communique issued in E1 Salvador and revealed in this capital today by
the Farabundo Marti Peoples Liberation Forces [FPL], reports that 63 towns,
ranches, cantons and mayoralties were taken over throughout the country.
, During the takeover of the towns, ranches, suburbs and cantons, the revolu-
tionary forces explained the political and military situatiion to the civil-
ian population and gave them basic military training.
The comanunique adds that the members of the regime who are not involved in
criminal actions are given the opportunity to assume a neutral position or
are allowed to withdraw to another area of the country while the known war
criminals are killed.
The FPL recount dates back to early January when 13 radio stations were
~ seized in the main cities of the east, west and in San Salvador itself to
issue a revolutionary message to the citizens on occasion of the new year.
The FPL reports that it carried out 16 harassment actions against garrisons,
military and police units and guard posts in the past 6 months.
The attack against the national guard headquarters--which is the main re-
pressive entity--located in San Salvador is included in these actions. The
- grenade attack against the national guard headquarters in Santa Ana, the
country's second largest city, is also included in these actions.
Other confrontations reported in the communique are 33 ambushes against
army patrol units, military convoys or joint forces.
The FPL also reports that there were 15 violent clashes during the first
half of 1980.
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- The report notes that many casualties were inflicted on the regime in thESe
ambushes and clashes and that large quantities of military supplies were
recovered.
The reports from EL Salvador over the past 3 weeks, which are not included
in this account, reveal that these types of actions are increasing throughout
, the country but at a new military level.
Important initiatives have been reported in this regard not only by the FPL
but by the Revolutionary �eoples Army and the Armed Forces of National
Resistance.
The FPL also announces that by mid-June its guerrillas had carried out 16
large actions of economic reprisals against land owners, industrialists '
and businessmen known for being stubborn enemies of their workers and
financiers of paramilitary gangs.
Regarding the propaganda and the dissemin3tion of true information to the
people, the FPL reports the dissemination of 25 communiques through stations
- and radio networks in San Salvador, Santa Ana, San Miguel, Ahuachapan,
Sonsonate and Chalatenango.
The cormnunique also includes 259 executions of inembers of paramilitary
gangs, "ears" [informers~ and soldiers or agents guilty of atrocious actions.
The FPL cites Soyapango Mayor Jose Atilio Estrada as one of the persons
executed noti*_ig that he was "one of the persons responsible for the murder
of Msgr Oscar Arnulfo Romero and member of the White Warrior's Union."
CSO: 3010
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EL SALVADOR
FAPL ISSUES WAR BULLETIN ON FIGHTING
PA091546 Havana PRELA in Spanish 0300 GMT9 Jul 80 '
[Text] San Jose, 8 Jul (PL)--The Salvadoran Peoples Liberation Armed Forces
(FAPL) has reported in its latest bulletin the destruction of a military
transport and the killing of dozens of Salvadoran soldiers and policemen.
FAPL war bulletin number five, signed by Commander in Chief "Marcial" in
the name of the supr eme command's general staff, states that on Thursday
29 June the 50-60 soldiers being transpvrted in a truck of the lst infantry
brigade with headquarters in Chalatenango were killed.
The incident occurred at 1020 (1620 GMT) on the higY.way from Chalatenango
to Los Ranchos, between thP town of Las Mercedes and the village of Los
Gramales. The bulletin states that the objective of the guerrilla action
was fulfilled since the troop transport was blown up and all the soldiers
eliminated while the revolutionary group withdrew without casualties. "The
enemy has issued no communique on this action because the blows it receives
every day do not favor its reactionary campaign of misinformation, slander
and distortions of our organization and against the other organizations of
the people," the bulletin states.
FAPL, which is the military sector of the Farabundo Marti Peoples Liberation
Forces (FPL), said in the same bulletin that before dawn on 18 June another
guerrilla unit ambushed a lst infantry brigade unit from Chalantenago which
was returning from one of its criminal operations against the civilian popu-
lation. Of the 40 soldiers riding in a military transport which was blown
_ up, only 1 soldier was left in a condition to use his weapon because all
= the others were either killed or wounded.
The incident occurred between Chalatenango and Las Flores, close to the
village of Guancera, and could not be kept secret by the regime "as it tries
to do every day with the many blows which it receives because it was obliged
to land helicopters on Roosevelt Avenue outside the military hospital to
bring in the wounded " in the center of San Salvador,
FAPL war bulletin number five also reveals that the peoples liberation
militias (MPL) recen tly occupied the town of San Francisco Morazan, where
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17 Nal:ionalis~ Democratic Organization paramilitary members were executed
for tlt~ir crimes against the civilian rural population. "The counterrevolu-
tionar~~ army soldiers who are performing this genocidal mission for a group -
of bloodthirsty and unpatriotic military chiefs must turn their weapons
against their oppressors and join rhe people, their brothers in pain and
_ humiliation, who want to help end this regime of exploitation, blood and
death," states the bulletin.
It also contends that with the advice, arms and direction of U.S. military ~
officers and instructors, the army remains determined to continue its cam-
paign of large operations with the other armed corps to massively murder
the population in aimost every corner of the country. "However, the stra-
tegic objectives of these criminal actions to destroy the peoples organiza-
tions and revolutionary military units are not only unsuccessful, but have
_ the opposite effect," states the FAPL. _
"The massive rebellion of the people, now closely and effectively united
under the joint political and military revolurionary leadership against
their oppressors, increases the fighting capacity of the people who are
= dealing increasingly demolishing blows against the reactionary forces until
they manage to destroy the tyranny and its Yankee bosses in the context
of the heroic struggle of the people," it adds.
F~'~PL has three operational levels: The MPL, the guerrilla units and the
people's army composed of regular soldiers who operate throughout the land.
War bulletin number five includes only the operations of the militias and
the guerrillas.
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GRENADA
BISHOP CONDErINS U.S. IMPERIALISM AT STUDENT SEMINAR
PA010348 Havana PRELA in Spanish 0045 GMT i Jul 80 .
[Commentary by Earl Bousquet]
[Text] St Georges, 30 Jun (PL)--Grenadian Prime Minister Maurice Bishop
_ has said that U.S. imperialism has passed from occupation and annexation
to agg ression, destabilization, subversion, terrorism and assassination
attempts against Caribbean leaders. On inaugurating a seminar here of the
In ternational Union of Students [IUS], Bishop said that in a desperate
attempt to halt the development of the progressive governments of the
Caribbean, the United States has drafted a new plan of aggression for the
~ region and the world.
He indicated that the attempted military coup in Jamaica, the mercenary
invasion of Suriname, the attack against the leaders of Grenada, the
intense campaign against t_he Cuban revolution and the assassinations of
Dr Walter Rodeny in Guyana and Msgr Oscar Arnulfo Romero in E1 Salvador
are part of that strategy.
Referring to the international aspect of the plan, Bishop noted the
disclosure of the plan to kill the prime minister and the leadership of
Zimbabwe, the recent aggression against Angola by the racist South African
troops and the U.S. insistance th'at the European members of NATO deploy
nuclear missiles in their territories.
- "It wants to revive the idea of a South Atlantic Treaty Organization to _
intimidate the people of these regions as part of the conspiracy between
- racist South Africa and the fascist countries of the Latin American -
southern cone," Bishop said. The Grenadian prime minister added that
further proof of the imperialist objectives are the efforts to create
sp ecial intervention forces in the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean
as well as the Caribbean Sea.
Bishop also condemned the ties between apartheid and imperialism which,
he said, are well-known. Regarding this, he added that there are more
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than 300 U.S. transnational corporations operating in South Africa. The
U.S. interest in South Africa is greater than in the rest of Africa
combined: South Africa is important to the Un~ted States because the
- large volume of petroleum that passes through the Cape of Good Hope and
because of the amount of gold, diamonds and particularly uranium in that
region, Bishop said.
Those who hatch plans against the people of the Caribbean and Africa are
the same ones who ask for sanctions against Iran hecause it is holding
53 Americans hostage; but they have never asked for sanctions against
South Af rica, where millions of blac~CS have been kept hostage in their
own country for dozens of years, Bishop added.
The prime minister also referred to the important evEents in 1979 whicti,
he said, was the year of the defeat of the shah in Iran, Amin in Uganda,
Somoza in Nicaragua and Gairy in Grenada. There were also more achieve-
ments in the national liberation movements and the progressive forces in
Af rica, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean that year.
- Focusing on Latin America and the Caribbean, he stressed the importance -
of the Sandinist revolution for Central Americ~. and the Grenadian revolu-
tion for th e English-speaking Caribbean as well as the s truggle of the
_ peoples of Suriname, Jamaica and E1 Salvador.
The IUS seminar being held in this capital is also organized by the National ~
Union of Grenadian Students an3 the National Youth Organization of the new
jewel movement. The seminar is being attended by delegates of Cuba, the
Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Jamaica, E1 Salvador, Suriname, Uruguay,
Chile, Guatemala, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Guyana, Great Britain, Zimbabwe,
Namibia, Angola, South Africa, the Pan-African Student Union, the Continental
Organization of Latin American Students, the UNESCO and the University of
West Indies.
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JAMAICA
MAYOR SAYS CIA INVOLVED IN DESTABILIZATION PLANS
FA040010 Havana PRELA in Spanish 2257 GMT 3 Jul 80
[Text] Havana 3 Jul (PL)--Arthur Jones, mayor of Kingston, has stated
during his stay in Cuba that the plans to destabilize the government of
- Michael Manley are financed by the CIA. "The CIA is supporting the
opposition--whose main goal is to destabilize the government--financially
and with weapons," he affirmed in statements to the Cuban press shortly
before departing after a 7-day stay on the island.
But, he added, the enemy plans t~ destabilize the Manley government clash
with the will of the Jamaican people. However, or,n cannot ignore, he
said, that Jamaica is being subjected to a very hard test.
In spite of this, he said, "We are sure th at the ruling party (the People's
National Party) will emerge victorious and stronger from the upc.oming
elections."
Jones reported that the government will set the date for the general
elections once the electoral lists are completed. He recalled that the -
Jamaican Government broke with the IMF because it could be clearly seen
that it was not the appropriate or.ganization to participate in the
_ country's development. "Then we decided to take another path, which may
- take us more time, but which will be more successful for the people in
the end," he noted.
Jones' visit to Cuba, at the invitation of the Havana Provincial People's
Government, was aimed at bringing the ties between the capitals of the two
countries clo~er. "Our main interest was to visit the projects which have
been undertaken in this capital in construction, health and hygiene,"
Jones added.
He expressed appreciation for the attention that he received from the Cuban
people whom he described as hospitable. "We respect them (the people of
Cuba), he said, "for the way they work especially in the fields of educa-
tion and public health as well as in other equally important areas."
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Jones visited many places in Havana accompanied by Oscar Fernandez Mell,
chairman of the Executive Committee of the provincial assembly.
The visitor and his retinue showed special interest in the visits to a
children's circle, a school for teachers of children's centers, the
provincial unit of hygiene and street cleaning and the city of Alamar
which is being built near the capital. -
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JAMAICA
GOVERNING PNP REPORTS HARASSMENT OF YOUTH GROUP
~ PA290412 Havana PRELA in Spanish 1617 GMT 28 Jun 80
[Text] Kingston, 28 June (PL)--Over one dozen members of the youth group
of the governing People`s National Party (PNP) have been killed by terror-
ists in the past 2 weeks.
This announcement was made at a news conference yesterday by PNP President
- Paul Burke, who said another 11 members of the organization were injured,
including 5 whose condition is serious. As of last Wednesday 13 members ,
of the PNP youth had been killed in a 12-3ay period, Burke reported.
The wave of violence against fol~owers of Prime Minister Michael Manley
- is occurring in the middle of the voter registration process preparatory
to general elections to be held this year.
At the same news conference PNP Deputy Secretary General Paul Robertson
said low voter registration nationwide would hurt his party's chances of
' victory. Robertson accused the opposition Jamaica Labour Party of intimi-
dating PNP supporters to prevent them from registering. For example, he
mentioned recent incidents in four districts presently represented by the -
PNP in parliament.
The voter registration process began on 7 June and is scheduled to end
early next month. Subsequently, there will be a 1-month period in which
the data will be computed and tabulated, after which the prime minister `
may schedule elections at any time.
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N I CARAGiJA
ORTEGA SPEAKS TO 'PRELA' OF ATTACKS ON REVOLUTION
PA140412 Havana PRELA in Spanish 2007 GMT 13 Jul 80 .
[Article by Javier Rodriguez]
[Text] Managua 13 Jul (PL)--Nicaraguan revolution commander Daniel Ortega
declared that imperialism is resorting to economic and political blackmail,
slander and discredit, to destroy the Sandinist revolutionary process.
In an exclusive interview to PRELA, the member of the governing junta of .
national reconstruction explained that any revolution, when authentic, must
face the attacks of the counterrevolution and international reaction.
He added that the opponents of the new vicaragua know the country is living
an anti-imperialist, antioligarchic and popular revolution. Because of that,
the enemies of the revolutionary process are, together with the Somozists,
the representatives of the reactionary sectors of Latin America and the United
States, the exploiters of the continent and imperialism in all its facets.
Ortega said that in that respect a strong propaganda offensive has been
launched lately by the national and foreign press whose owners respond to
their class interests.
The member of the national leadership of the Sandinist front added that
Nicaragua is waging an all-out struggle, in which the defeated exploiters
refuse to be a part of the process as an element to generate health and are
trying to re[urn to power in the country to again hand the crumbs to the
workers.
This struggle extends to the ideological sector through the promotion of
anticommunist campaigns designed to discredit the socialist countries and
all friends of Nicaragua, Ortega said.
"This is neither casual nor arbitrary. It is directed at the large backward
sectors of our continent and the country, saturated with anticommunist propa- _
ganda to which they have been exposed for many years," he noted.
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To Commander Ortega, however, the fundamental achievement obtained by the
- Sandinist process in only 1 year of existence, has been the existing security
and stability based on the degree of organization evidenced by the government
oE national reconstruction.
"We have begun the literacy campaign within a short period of time and despite
our limitations the resuZts are highly satisfactory. This is another great
battle the revolution is winning," he said.
The third achievement of the revolutionary government in the short time it r
_ has existed, according to Ortega, is the process of economic recovery advanc-
ing throughout the country, promoted primarily by the Nicaraguan workers
engaged in the work of reconstruction and production with great enthusiasm. �
The immediate future implies great efforts, which is thus acknowledged by
the member of the Nicaraguan executive branch:
"In the iirst place, the conscience of the Nicaraguan people must be strength-
ened to assure the possibility of responding to the problems that need solu-
tion in our country. We are rebuilding an economic entity that was destroyed _
by the long imperialist, oligarchic and Somozist oppression," he noted.
The immediate task is "to complete its reconstruction" and develop the ex-
pansion of the agricultural and livestock sector, which is of prime impor-
tance in changing the production relations in Nicaragua, and to bolster in-
dustries and the exploitation of mining and fishing.
Ortega said it is important for the Nicaraguans to concentrate every possible
means to obtain surpluses in those sectors of the economy, which will enable
the inherited social problems to be confronted and which will improve the
health conditions and education of the people.
In order to meet payment of the foreign debt left by Somozism and to purchase
the necessary fuel for the nation's development, it is necessary not only
to generate surpluses but to control them by the state to ensure their
rational use.
"It is also necessary to create awareness not only among the people but also
among the businessmen and producers who claim to be with the revolution,
as they must realize that we are not going to demand sacrifices only from
the people. We must all impose sacrifices upon ourselves," he emphasized. -
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NICARAGUA
BORGE ADDRESSES SOCIOLOGY CONGRESS
PA062155 Havana PRELA in Spanish 1430 GMT 5 Jul 80 �
[Article by Francisco Urizarri]
[Text] Managua, 5 Jul (PL)--The day we stop being anti-imperialist and inter-
nationalist is the day we stop being revolutionary, commander of the revolu-
tion Tomas Borge has stated.
Briefly addressing hundreds of participar.ts at the Fourth Central American
Sociology Congress, currently underway in this capital, Borge said that two
fundamental issues must be analyzed in order to define a revolution. The
first, the interior minister explained, is the revolution's position in the
face of imperialism. The second is the revolutionary solidarity with those
people who are struggling for their liberation, he added.
Borge, one of the founders of the Sandinist Front, was visibly moved when
he said: "We pledge our faithfulness to internationalism." This affirmation
was received with an ovation and revolutionary slogans by those attending
an event hosted by the Managua reconstruction junta for participants at the
congress.
He then recalled that on one occasion he told his companions in the struggle
_ that "there wi11 be revolution if we can destroy the national guard (Somozist _
- army)." He stressed revolutionary unit} as vital to the liberation of people, -
adding that "that was perhaps the Sandinists' most important contribution -
to the revolutionaries of Latin America."
Further on he deplored the efforts wasted in secondary aspects of the strug-
gle. "We have seen with sadness," he added, "how certain Latin American
revolutionaries fight among themselves. We have a common enemy: imperialism."
Borge then denied the charges made abroad that the Nicaraguan revolution
- is allegedly interferin~ in the domestic affairs of other countries, indi-
cating that "the example of unity we have set for the continent's revolu-
tionaries cannot be stopped by anyone." He reiterated that Nicaragua is
neither interfering in nor sending weapons to other countries but, to be
sure, "there is no customs post in the world that can stop the example set
by our revolution."
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_ In another part of his speech Borge said that efforts have been made to con-
front the church and the revolution but, he warned, the church in Nicaragua
_ has a number of extraordinary men and the correlation of forces is favorable
to the revolutionary and progressive sectors.
He also stressed the work carried out within the government by a number of
revolutionary priests such as Foreign Minister Miguel d'Escoto and Culture
Minister Ernesto Cardenal. He alsa praised Father Fernando Cardenal, national
coordinator of the literacy crusade whom, he said, "is the purest, most
human and best loved man in this country."
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NICARAGUA
RAMIREZ CLOSES SOCIOLOGY CONGRESS
PA062156 Havana PRELA in Spanish 1607 GMT 6 Jul 80 .
[Text] Managua, 6 J ul (PL)--The Nicaraguan process is irreversible because
the masses took thei r place in history, reconstruction junta member Sergio
Ramirez said on closing the Fourth Central American Sociology Congress.
Ramirez, who is also honorary president of the event, indicated that the
poor and humble classes of Nicaragua are now learning how history is written,
a condition that gua rantees that the country will not be able to return to
the pasr_ or to any obsolete alternative.
In order to avoid any risks--heavy prices which have been paid so dearly under
other circumstances and in other Latin American countries--the masses now
have the weapons wit h which they conducted their Sandinist option, their
historic Sandinist p roject, he added. According to Ramirez, those weapons
- serve to defend reas on and justice, which are also on the side of the
Nicaraguan people.
Resolutions af solidarity with E1 Salvador, Cuba and Nicaragua were also
read at the final se ssi_on of the Fourth Central Ame rican Sociology Congress,
held yesterday at Ce ntral America School in this capital.
Aside from Ramirez, who analyzed various aspects of Nicaragua's current
situation, other spe akers included Culture Minister Ernesto Cardenal and
the event's presiden t, Miguel de Castilla. In his speech, de Castilla referred
to the results obtai ned at the congress, stressing the quality of the par-
ticipants' various p roposals.
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NICARAGUA
BRIEFS
~
CUBAN TEACEiERS IN NICARAGUA--Managua, 12 Jul (ANN)--The Cuban group "Augusto
Cesar Sandino," which includes 1,200 Cuban teachers who supported the liter-
acy campaign, is teaching over 27,000 Nicaraguans to read and write. The
group also worked here in raising the grade school children's level in vari-
ous rural areas of the country, at the same time carrying out cultural, sani-
tary and production tasks. The Cuban teachers recently returned to their
country to enjoy vacations and will return to Nicaragua in September, at
the start of the 1980-81 school term. The educators also joined the community
development program, contributed to the creation of 171 school farms in the
various sectors they were assigned, and organized scientific circles and
cultural, sports and productive expositions. Their projects include the
construction of 706 schools with the help of the communities, the manufacture
of 7,200 units of equipment, such as chairs, tables, blackboards and library
- cabinets, to be used in these schools. [Text] [PA121456 Havana PRELA in
- Spanish 1814 GMT 11 Jul 80]
' HELP FOR SALVADORAN REFUGEES--Managua, 8 Jul (PL)--Nicaragua today once again
asked the democratic Latin American countries to open their doors to the
Salvadoran refugees who are fleeing from government repression in that strife-
torn nation. Commander of the revolution Daniel Ortega Saavedra said the
men and women who are leaving E1 Salvador "are the refugees of America--the
ones who really need help now because they form part of a people who are
being massacred." The member of the government junta expressed surprise
that a true international campaign in behalf of this aid does not already
exist. Despite the economic limitations of the Sandinist fatherland, we
will share with the Salvadoran victims of persecution the small resources
that we have Ortega Saavedra said. [Text] [PA100414 Havana PRELA in Spanish
2230 GMT 8 Jul 80]
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PANAMA
- BRIEFS
M-19 MELTING DENIED--Panama City, 8 Jul (PL)--The Panamanian Government and
Justice Ministry and the military security today denied the alleged meeting
by the leadership of the 19 April guerrilla movement [M-19] of Colombia
was held here. Spokesmen of the two entities denied that there is proof of
the presence of five M-19 leaders who, according to reports disseminated
in Colombia, were in Panama. According to the Panamanian Government and
Justice Ministry, these reports are aimed at affecting the good relations
between the two countries. The reports on the alleged meeting of M-19
leaders in this country prompted, among other reactions, a Colombian request
for the extradition of them in a document which was received at the Panamanian -
Foreign Ministry yesterday as reported by Foreign Minister Carlos Ozores.
(Text] [PA090259 Havana PRELA in ~panish 2105 GMT 8 Jul 80]
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