JPRS ID: 9993 USSR REPORT ENERGY

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CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5
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REPORTS
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00854R000440050043-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY JPRS L/9993 18 September 1981 USSR Re ort p ENERGY - (FOUO 16/81) FBIS FJREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATiON SERVICE - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5 NOTE JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language sources are translated; those from English-language sources a are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and other characteristics retained. Headlines, editoria:l reports, and material enclosed in brackets are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text] or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was _ proc~:ssed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor- mation was summarized or extracted. Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are enclose3 in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques- tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the original but have been supplied as appropriate in context. Other unattributed parentheti~al notes with in the body of an item ariginate with the source. Times within items are as given by source. The contents o.f this publication in no way represent the poli- cies, t~iews or attitudes of the U.S. Government. COPYRIGI-IT LAWS AND REGUI.ATIONS GOVERNING OWNERSHIP OF MATERIALS REPRODUCED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION OF THIS PUBLICATION BE RESTRICTED FOFc OFFICIAL USE O~~ILY. APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY JPRS L/9993 18 September 1981 USSR REPORT ENERGY (F OUO 16/ 81) CONTENTS G�NERAL Hydrodyna.mic Converters Protect Oil Pumps From Salt Deposits (V. N. Makarov, et al.; NEFT~ROMYSLOVOYE DELO, No 7, 1981) 1 Polymer Coating Prevents Sa1t Deposit Formation (L. Kh. Ibragimov, I. Z. Akhmetshina; NEFTEPROMYSIAVOYE DEIA, - No 7, 1981) 1+ Book Describes Atomic Energy Developments, Problems (ATOMIVAYA NAUKA I TEKFINIKA--NARODNOMU KHOZYAYSTW, 1981) 8 ELECTRIC POWER Analysis of Equipment Failure at Active Soviet Nuclear Power Stations (F. Ya. Ovchinnikov, et a1.; ATOMNAYA ENERGIYA, Apr 81) 16 - a - [III - USSR - 37 FOUO] y APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY GIIVERAL ~ UDC 622.276.53:621.67-83:622.276.72 HYDRODYNAMIC CONVERTERS PROTECT OIL PUMPS FRO%'! SALT DEPOSITS Moscow NEFTEPROMYSLOVOYE DEi,O in Russian No 7, 19a1 pp 11-12 [Article by V. N. Makarov, V. N. Sergeyev and L. N. Makarova, Tyumen' Industrial Institute: "Use of Hydrodynamic Converters to Protect Electrical Centrifugal Pumps from Calcite Deposits"J [Text] A significant ~rowth of the mechanized well fund is being observed in the West Siberian fields. The greater part is wells equipped with UECP [Universal Electrical Centrifugal Pump). At the same time, the number of flooded wells is increasing and complications are developing in the operating process which result in the breakdown of the oil field equipment. Thus, at the NGDU [Oil and Gas Extract- ing Administration] "Nizhnevartovskneft"' there were 198 UECP ~~reakdowns in 1979. `ihe main reasons for the breakdow~s of the deep-well electrical centrifueal units are given below: Reduction in resistance of insulation 111 Jamming because of inechanical admixture deposits 44 salt deposits 42 Other reasons 1 It is apparent that unit malfunctions because of salt deposits are significant. In the associations "Nizhnevartovsknefte~az." "Urayneftegaz" and "Yu~anslcneftegaz" the number of wells in which salt deposits are found continually rises from year to year. They numbered 418 on 1 October 1980. The main reason for the salt deposits on the running parts of the ECP is disruption in the thermodynamic balance of the water-oil-gas svstem during movement through the pump. There are different methods for preventing salt deposit on the surface of the oil = field equipment. They include the use of acoustic and ultrasonic fields. Th2 effect of acoustic oscillations results in a cons~.derable incr~ase in the crystal- lization ratee This increase depends, on one hand, upon thP in~ensive mixing of the liquid in the accoustic field and the formed crystals being washed away from the walls, and, on the other har~d, upon the growth of the crystallization centers following the destruction oi ~the crpstals which had been formed. The process of crystallization thus becomes volumetric; the formed crystals are not deposit on the equipment walls but are removed by pump to the surface. 1 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2447/02/09: CIA-RDP82-44850R444444454443-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY The use of acoustic fields is a promisin~ method to protect the equipment. The range of the most optimal frequencies to influence the crystallization process is 10-18 kHz. One of the methods for producing acoustic oscillations in the UEC~ is the use of rotary hydrodynamic converters (RHDC) The RHDC is a device which converts kinetic energy of a liquid stream into acoustic oscillations by periodic interruption in the stream at the moment the holes of one of the coaxial disks is covered. These disks are fixed immovably on the axis (stator) hy connecting strips of the rotating disk (rotor). During rotation, the through section increases to the maximum at the moment when the ovenings of the rotor and stator coincide, and then diminish to zero. The oscillatior. frequency is deter- minecl by the number of holes and is ~n the range of 0.5-10 kHz. The RHDC is instal].ed instead of one or several stages of the pump. This does not impair the workinK characteristics of the latter. Analysis of the operation of the UECP with built-in converters notes that the design of the latter has a significant effect on the operation of the pump unit. The ex~erimental models of the RHDC that were used from 19;7 to 1979 in a number of cases resulted in breakage of the pump shaft because of a design imperfection. Because oF the large ~ap between the rotor and stator, the technological ineffec- tiveness of the fabrication and incorrectness of the.selected hole configuration of tt~e f irst converters the power e~itted by the converter diminished and their reliable operation declined. 'faking into consideration the shortcomings listed above, work was done to improve t~~e RHDC desi~n. Based on field tests, more advanced acoustic converters were developed for all type-sizes of UECP. The gap between the..working surfaces of the ~ stator an.d rotor was reduced; the fabrication technology was simplified; the total weight of the emitter was reduced, and the hydraulic losses in the converter were diminished. These measures increased the emitting power of the RHDC and _ improved their reliable operation. The RHDC were tested in the associations "Nizhnevartovskneftegaz" and "Uraynefte- ~az" in 1977-1980. During this period, 11 breakdowns were observed in the wells with high mineralization because of salt deposits and shaft breakage. Thesz are precisely the reasons which characterize the ineff.ecient operation of the emitter in the pumps equipped with RHDC. The average full operating time in this group of wells was 105.6 days. The lower confidence boundary of mathematical ~xpectation with probability of 0.95 equalled 55 days. The results of statistical processing of these data are presented in the table. Group oF wells Avera~e full Standard deviation, day Confidence interval of operating time mathematical expecta- tion with vrobab ility 0.95 da Equipped with RHDC 162 62 1~8 < X< 186 Operating with- out protection 37 19 30 < X< 44 2 , , APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2447/02/09: CIA-RDP82-44850R444444454443-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Figures 1 and 2 present the emnirical and theoretical dependences of the mal- lunction frequency and the probability of breakdown occurring because of calcite - deposits on the operatinQ time of the UECP in well~ wtiere salt deposits are oL-- served, with RHDC and without protection. The presented data demonstrate the effectiveness of usine RHDC to protect the UECP in wells with high mineralization and permit the conclusions that: equippinQ the UECP with hydrodynamic converters in wells prevents depositing of s~ilts in the pum~ and increases no less than 4-fold the full operating time of the UECP (on the averaQe from 37 to 162 days); - the probability of the UECP breaking down because of salt deposits when the RHDC is used is much lower than the corresponding probability for the UECP without pro- tection; the ineffectiveness of the acoustic effect that is observed in a number of cases using RHDC can be explained both by the difference in the generated frequency from the optimal, and by the insufficient power of the acoustic field. - f , ~ _ ~ ~ ~a . . . i 8 ~ ~ ~;i~ i, i ? ~ , / ~ ~ ~J , . % % ; '~.O . ~ CYI ? ~ ~ . 6 i \ ~ ~ ~ ` ~ x�! ~ ' ~/1 �f16 % I , C ~ ~ l %,;y'~ , ,I~/.. 0 S~ db J70 /60 X~7 74(1 C,l4'^ ~ ~ 0 80 ~~0 ~60 / 7?0 1d0 ?80 - - / i t ~ym Fig. 1, Dependences of empirical (a) and theoretical (b) frequencies of UECP - breakdowns due to salt deposits in electrical centrifugal pump on operating time in wells where salt deposits are observed: 1. electrical centrifugal pump without protection, 2. electrical centrifugal pump with RHDC Fig. 2. Dependence of probability of UECP breakdown due to calcite deposits in electrical centrifugal pL~mp on operating time in wells where dalt deposits are observed: 1. electrical centrifugal pump without protection, 2. electrical centrifugal pump with RHDC, I. confidence interval with level of reliability 0.95. COPYRIGHT: Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy institut organizatsii, upravleniya i ekonomiki neftegazovoy promyshlennosti (VNIIOENG), 1981 9035 CSO: 8144/1737 3 FOR UFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400050043-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2447/02/09: CIA-RDP82-44850R444444454443-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY GENERAL imC 622.276.8+622.276.72 POLYNIF.~ COATTNG PREVENTS SALT DEPOSIT FORMATION Moscow NEFTEPROMYSLOVOYE DELO in Russian No 7, 1981 ~p 13-15 [Article by L. Kh. Ibragimov and I. Z. Akhmetshit~a, I. M. Gubkin Moscow Institute of Che Petrochemical and Gas Industrv: "Laws GoverninQ the Formation of Complex Salt Deposits"] [Text] It is known that salt deposits contain orQanic oil components. Studies by methods of electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and spectrophotometering in the ultraviolet and visible narts of the spectrum have made it possible to establish . t}~~ Presence of twa types of organic oil compounds in these components: