JPRS ID: 9839 TRANSLATION NUCLEAR POWER PLANT CONSTRUCTION BY V.B. DUBROVSKIY, ET AL.

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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 P(1R (DFMI('IAI. l1SF: ONI,Y JPRS L/ 10105 9 November 1981 - Sub-Saharan Africa Re ort ~ FOUQ No. 747 " Fg~$, FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000440070020-8 NOTE JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign newspapers, periodicals and boaks, but also from news agency transmissions and broadcasts. Matarials from foreign-language - sources are translated; trose from English-language sources - are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and other characteristics retained. _ Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets are sup~iied by JPRS. Processing indicators such ~s [Text] or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the last iine of a brief, indicat~ how the original information was processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor- mation was summarized or extracted. Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are _ enr_losed in par~ntheses. Words or names preceded by a ques- tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the = original but have been supplied as appropriate in context. Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an item originate with the source. TiQes within items are as given by source. The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli- cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government. I COPYRIGHT LAWS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING OGNERSTiIP OF MATERIALS REPRODL'CED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION OF THZS PUBLICATION BE RESTRICTED FOR OFFICIAL USE ONI.Y. APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY JPRS L/?0105 9 November 1981 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REP~RT FOUO No. 747 CONTENTS INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS FY~ench Trade With Africa (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 25 Sep 81) 1 Strategic Importance of Diego Garcia Examined (Denis Ropa; JEUNE AFRIQUE, 30 Sep 81) 6 _ BENIN Stepe Toward Normalization With France Taken (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS,25 Sep 81) 8 BOTSWANA Planned Rail Link With Walvis Bay Reported ~NEW AFRICAN, Oct 81) la CAPE VERDE Briefs No Agrarian Reform Without Conaensus 12 GAMBIA Sanysng: Leader of a Revolution That Went Sour (WEST AFRICA, Oct 81) 13 GUINEA-RISSAU Briefs IMF Assistance 16 = IVORY COAST Briefs IMF Assiatance 17 Favorable Eximbank Credit 17 - a- [III - NE & A- 120 FOUO] FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070024-8 FOR OFFICTAI, tISE ONI.Y MALI Five-Year Plan Stresses National Production Style (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 25 Sep 81) 18 SEYCHELLES Choice of Creole as Natzonal Language Reported ~IV~W AFRICAN, Qct 81) 20 - - b - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 i~c~R c~M�M~ic~i~~, t~~M: ~Nt,v INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS FRENCH TRADE WITH AFRICA Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1872, 25 Sep 81 pp 2424-2425 [Report: "Trade Between France and Developing Countries in 1980; France and Non- French Speaking Africa"] - [Text] Uverall trade between France and non-French speaking A�rica accounts for about 4 percent of the overall worldwide French trade. The rrench balance of trade with this group of coun~ries, which showed a surplus in 1978, is currently showing a deficit~which totaZed 3 billion francs in 1980. The balance of trade had already turned negative in 1979 (-1.3 billion), which means that this deficit rose substantially in 1980. The main reason for this increase was Nigeria, with which France showed a negative trade balance of 7 billion francs in 1980. France and Non-French Speaking Africa - (in billion French francs) 1979 ~1980 ~ 1 Importetion~ 1ran~iiat toul~s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467.1 570.8 i ~ Importsdons sn provemne~ d'AMQu~ non Mn- 16.8 24 . ~ 2 coDhone Exponetions h~ntaiNS totela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414.7 4E9,7 ~ Exportetions van I'AfrlQue non h~neophon~ 14,6 S Bsls~cs commarclale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1.3 - 3 Key: 1. Tatal French imports 2. Imports from non-French speaking Africa 3. Total French exports 4. Exports to non-French speaking Africa 5. Trade balance ~ Following the same procedure used for French-speaking African countries, we have classified these countries by big geographic area. North Africa. The results of thia zone may be seen in Tahle No 1. French trade with this zone showed an extensive surplus as a result of a very favorable balance of trade with Egypt. French purchases from this group of countries were essentially crude oil from Libya, cotton from Egypt and petroleum products (light fractions and fuel oil), small quantities of whir.h were bought. All in all, crude oil purchases accounted for 65 percent of all purchases from this zone and came essentially from Libya. T FOR OFFICiAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000440070020-8 MOR OFFIC'IAI. l1SN: ONI.Y Table 1. Trade Between France and North Africa (in mill.'.en French francs) ' 1 ~~w�uuo~. 2 ~pa+.n�n ~ 1979 1�30 1979 t880 + - - - - I ~ Ceuta MsHlle. Camri~~ 3 . . . . . . . . . 37,7 23,9 SOe.1 298,1 ~ Libvs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 866.5 2 e~e.s 2 90~ 2 841,2 ' ~9vote5 275.7 546.3 3E97.B 5460.2 i Souds~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188.5 217,8 428.7 387.9 ` Torel . .7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 167.4 3 Ee3.4 7 32E.4 9 97~,4 ~ f aont : pAtrole I11 . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 496,e 2 3e3.2 - - ~ 1 t 1 Tannsge : 3.9 milllon~ ds [onn~s ~n 1978. ~ut~nt sn 1879. ~t 2 mtlllom d~ ton~a~ M; ~eeo. 9 _ . _ _ Key: 1. Imports; 2. exports; 3. Ceuta Melilla, Canary Islands; 4. Libya; 5. Egypt; 6. Sudan; 7. Total; 8. Of which petroleum (1); 9. (1) tonnage: 3.9 million tons in 1978, as much in 1979 and 2 million tons in 1980. French sales are quite diversified. In Libya~s case, however, they consisted essen- tially of automotive vehicles (33 percent of French sales to that country) and heavy equipment. Let us emphasize that the balance of trade wi~h that country is virtually balanced (slightly negative). To Egypt, with which French trade shows a substantial surplus, France sells a sub- stantial quantity of cereal crops and malt (30 percent of total value of sales). The balance consists essentially of industrial equipment, automotive vehicles and aerial navigation equipment. Everything seems to indicate that such sales would continue to increase on the basis of the latest industrial agreement concluded between the two countri~s on 16 July 1981, making France Egypt's biggest industrial partner. Let us - point out that sugar a~counts for one third of French sales to the Sudan. ~ WESt Africa (Table No 2). The French balance of trade with this zone is largely nega- - tive because of the dominant position of Nigeria, which is the third largest supplier of petroleum to France, totaling 10.9 million tons of crude oil, The French balance of trade with that African country is -6.4 billion francs. A n~gative balance of trade prevail.s with Liberia also, to which French sales dropped by nearly 40 percent in 1980 compared with 1979. Table 2. Trade Between France and West Africa (in million French francs) f ~,nport.e,n. 1 ~,poet.e,n~ 2 ~ i 1979 1980 1979 1980 i ~ ~ Gsmbie 3..... 29,9 28,8 39,1 51.5 � Guinde-Bla~au .~j. . . � . . . . . , . . . � . . . 2,3 18.9 23,2 38,6 i Siarra-L6one . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,8 19,4 90,2 96.8 ' ' liberie ~68.7 628.2 636.8 J30.9 ' _ ~ Ghane 66.7 9E.7 77.4 111.2 I 8....... , ~ Nigerl~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 382.3 12 729,6 3 246 6 716.6 ~ fotel .9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 964.7 17 421.6 ~ pOp,7 E 343.4 . ~ dont PAtrole I11 ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a 144,6 12 200.1 _ _ ~ (tl En torn~q~: 8.5 rtylqpns d~ tonnN ~n 1978. 10 mllibm d~ tonn~s ~n 1979 ~l ' 10.9 milll~os ~n 1980. 1 1 i FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R004400070020-8 MOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Key: 1. Imports; 2. Exports; 3. Gambia; 4. Guinea-Bissau; 5. Sierra Leone; - 6. Liberia; 7. Ghana; 8. Nigeria; 9. Total; 10. of which petroleum (1); _ 11. (1) in tonnage: 8.5 million in lp?8, 10 million in 1979 and 10.9 million in 1980. ' = Other than petroleum, French purchases from this zone have consisted mainly of cocoa beans from Ghan.a and iron ore from Liberia, which is the fourth biggest supplier of France with 2.3 million tons in 1980 as against 1.8 million in 1979, or 12.5 percent of French purchases of this kind. Here again French sales are quite diversif~ed. Let us note, however, that sales of automotive vehicles to Nigeria rose from 1.48 billion francs in 1979 to 2.33 billion francs in 1980, or by 63 percent in one year. French exports of ships (tankers, fishing, etc.) to Liberia remain substantial, although showing a drop compared with - 1979 (-35 percent), a trend which began in 1977. Here again, French sugar exports kept their relatively substantial position. Central Africa (Table No 3). French exports to Angola, the only substantial partner, are continuing to develop. Such exports, which are quite diversified, have consisted essentially of equipment and automotive vehicles (and wheat flour, among comestible products). French imports from this country have remained unchanged. Table 3. French-Central Afsican Trade (in million French francs) ~n~o.e.~w,l E,~po,e.,fo~. ~ 1979 1880 1979 1980 f GuinAe bauatorlele .3 . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 1,5 3,1 11,8 S!o Tome Principe .~1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 12,8 9.2 8,8 Angole ..5 18.8 6.7 203.2 387.9 Tars/ .b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I9.4 20 216.6 IOB.1 - _ ~ � , Key: 1. Imports; 2. Exports; 3. Equatorial Guinea; 4. Sao Tome and Principe; S. Angola; 6. Tatal - East Africa (Table No 4). Overall, the French balance of trade with Eastern African countries remains negative. However, French exports rose from 731.5 million francs - in 1979 to 1,109,400,000 francs in 1980, ar by 52 percent. French exports to Zambia, _ Mozambique, U~anda, Kenya and Somalia showed substantial progress. Table 4. Trade Between France and East Africa (in million French francs?. ~ ~n~p�s.uon. 1 ~,pat.ua,, z 1 1B7o 1980 1879 1980 ~ j - - - - � f Emiacie3 ,~e,e ~e~.e >>3 96.3 ' ~ som.u..G ~e.~ 6.~ 3~.s >>e.~ a Kenye . . 5 � . . . . . . � . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 149,7 2E3 349,2 ~ Ougenda ~j 291.2 270.7 11.6 83.4 ( Tanxar.le ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE.3 60.1 80.7 121.3 ~ Mo:~mblpu~ . . $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Z,8 ~4.~ 137.7 214.~ Zemble . . . . . . . Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 E.1 966.6 48.2 109.1 Melswl. ...IQ 30.6 38.1 48.2 20 Toal . . .],.1 � � � . � . � . . . . . . . . . . . . I 6?7,2 I 671 731,b I I09,1 Key: 1. Imports; 2. Exports; 3. Ethiopia; 4. Somalia; 5. Kenya; 6. Uganda; _ 7. Tanzania; 8. Mozau~bique; 9. Zambia; 10. Malawe; 11. Total 3 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000440070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY French imports from this zone have changed little in rerms of value (+3 percent only), hence a lowering of the negative French balance of trade with these countries. French purchases from Kenya, Tanzania and Mozambique co~er essentially farm products. _ Zambia, however, is France's main supplier of unrefined copper cathodes, accounting for 43 percent of overall French supplies. - France's exports eo these countries remain diversified. Somalia increased quite substantially its purchases of automotive vehicles (from 9.9 million francs in 1979 to 63.9 million francs in 1980); the same applies to the rest of the countries in - this zone. West Africa (Table No S). Except for the Republic of South Africa, trade between France and West Africa is insignificant. Let us emphasize the resumption of French trade with Zimbabwe, with which the balance of trade is negative. Most French imports consist of item No 77 (cast iron, steel). About 50 Fercent of French exports to that country consist of refined petroleum products. Table 5. Trade Between France and West Africa (ir~ million French francs) ~ i~~. l e~ 2 ; 1979 f980 1979 1980 4 1 ~ - - - - j Bo~twena.3......... 0,7 0,9 3.8 3.3 ~ ~ Swa:lland . ~i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4 15.2 1.3 0.7 ; Ls~otho ....5 3.02 2.8 1.4 0,3 s e Zimbsbwe ~ y . - 15~.8 0.4 76.7 s RAp. wd-sMcaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 043.6 6 087.1 2 247.4 4 071.1 ~ ~ Tots! ..8 1059,7 5260,< 2253,9 I/51.1 ~ Key: 1. Imports; 2. Exports; 3. Botswana; 4. Swaziland; 5. Lesoth~; 6. Zimbabwe; 7. Republic of South Africa; 8. Total France's balance of trade with the Republic of South Africa, which was quite negative in i973 and 1979, became slightly better balanced in 1980, while still remaining quite negative (-1,016,000,000 francs in 198~ and -1,796,200,000 francs in 1979). In 1980, French exports to the Republic of South Africa account for 6 percent of France's total exports to Af-rica. Imports from that country accounted for 1U.2 percent of French imports from Africa. ici 19~0, :~s in 1979, most French imports from the Republic of South Africa were item No '?7 ~;ouds, totalin~; 1,9'L6,900,000 francs (+47 percent). This consisted of South Af.rican coal purchased by France. These imports are broken down as follows: anthra- cite, 59~',226 tons, or 24 percent of total French imports (the Republic of South Africa is the third largest supplier, after the USSR and the FRG); lean coal, 1,322,355 tons or 85 percent of French procurements (main supplier); coking coal, 671,890 tons; other coal, 6,643,162 tons, or 39 percent of French supplies, main supplier. Ttie total is 9,236,000 tons of coal as against 8,117,300 tons in 1979, or a 14 percent increase. The second most important item is French imports of inorganic chemicals, totaling 1,291,400,000 francs, most of which is natural and enriched uranium: 21 per.cent of the total tonnage imported by France, which makes the Republic of South Africa the second biggest supplier to France after Niger (4,145 tons in 1980 as against 3,858 4 FOR OFFIC[AL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE: ONLY tons in 1979, or +7.5 percent); 170 tons of natural uranium were imported from South Africa in 1980 as compared with 137,000 in ~979 (or a 24 percent increase). Imports by France of some minerals from South Africa are not negligible in the least compared with total French procurements. Th3~s applies to manganes=, chromium and titanium, broken down as follows: Manganese, 485,300 tons of ore, or 40 percent of French purchases, secand largest supplier; . - Chromium, 87,200 tons, main supplier, 31 percent of French purchases; Titanium, 18,900 tons, main supFlier, 77 percent of French purchases. All in a~l, imports of such items declined compared with 1979. Finally, the last important element of French imports from South Pfrica is that of precious metals and diamonds. In 1980, France purchased 2,71.8 kg of gold as against 530 kg in 1979; 513.8 kg of platinum and platinum a~loys, as against 232.4 kg in ~979; and 56,356 karats of unpolished diamonds, or 8 percent of French purchases. Most French sales (2,037,OOO,G00 francs) were of iten Na 84 (boilers, machines and mechanical engines}, which were part of equipment items, and item No 85 (electrical machines and apparatus) (436.7 million francs). These two items account for 61 per- ~ cent of Frencti sales to South Africa. Sales of French vehicles to that country ac- counted for 8 percent of total sales (344 million francs). - COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981. 5157 CSO: 4719/71 5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF DIEGO GARCIA EXAMINED Paris JEUI~E AFRIQUE in French No 1082, 30 Sep 81 p 13 [Article by Denis Ropa: "What is the strategic importance of Diego Garcia?" Ques- tion asiced by Armand Tissot, Lille, France] [Text] Situated in the Chagos archipelago, half way between the Indian subconti- nent and Madagascar, the small coral island of Diego Garcia (25 square l~s) bears the name of the Portuguese seafarer who discovered it in 1532. Now it is the laY- gest American base in the Indian ocean. Linked until 1965 with Maurice Island, then a British colony, the latter, after its independence, ceded it back to the London government which then rented it for 50 years to the United States with a view to "joint utilization for defense purposes." (J.A. No 1019). The Mauritian prime minister, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, "unaware" of the content of the successive agreements of 1967 and 1976 between the two great powers, is demanding the return of Diego Garcia which has not been used as agreed upon by Maurice and Great Britain (i.e., merely as a communications station). Following his proposal, a resolution plan favorin.g restitution was adopted unanimously by the participants in the 17th Summit of the OAU [Organization of African Unity] at Freetown (Sierra Leone) in June 1980. 'The attitude of the Mauritian head of government, who was, hoever} one of the negotiators of the cession of diego Garcia, is less surprising when one lmowa that the next elections could put in power the Mauritian Militant Movement (N4IM), Mar- xist in tendency, lead by Paul Berenger and Jean-Paul de 1'Estrac, who advocate making the Indian ocean a"peace zone," and who are therefore hoatile to an Ameri- - can military presence. The Malagasy president also, Didi:~r Ratsiraka, for whom "bases are the exact op- posite of peace," proposes the scheduling of a conference on the sub~ect in Mada- gascar in 1982. "One cannot," he said, "convert the Indian ocean i.-~to a peace zone and at the same time build new bases there which, like Diego Garcia, cost millions of dollars. These bases must be dismantled; they happen to be American, but I would demand the same thing if tY~ey were Soviet...." Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam does not go so far. Quite simply, he would like to re- negotiate the Diego Garcia statute directly with the United States w~.thout the 6 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONI.Y - mediation of Great Britain, which still regarda itself as the owner of th~ island. As regards the American presence, he considera it ultimately ~ustified since Mos- � cow is ~doing all it can to "destabilize the Indian ocean." The invasion of Afghanistan, the progress o.f the Red Army towards the warm ~~as aZ~ng the route which supplies Japan and the Westera world with oil...these are so many pretexts for the Americans to reinforce their positions on Diego G~rcia. Sheltered from cyc.lones, and far from any possible surveillance point, t'he island, cleared of its 1,200 inhabitants in 1971, could not lend itself better to "the cir- cumspect equipping of a naval base. For 10 years, the Sea Bees, American marine corps units, have worked in snifts without letup to transform a small pa~adise into "a veritable natural aircraiEt carrier." There is a 3,600 meter runway capable of receiving large tra~sporters of the C130 type, deep water harbor installations, eight gigantic fueZ r.eservoirs, a major telecommunications station, basins for long range missile s~bmar3nes (UI.MS), and more than 30 kms of roads. A total of $200 million. A fresh works program (estfmated at $237.7 million) will permit the anchorfng of the aircraft carriers Midway and Kitty Hawk, and the improvement of th~ airf ieldrs landing strips. Such work programs provide good reason for worry for the c~asta3. countrie~ of the Indian ocean; they fear the outbreak of hosCilities on this oil route and tha* they will be the ones to pay for the confrontation, as was the case for the Pacif ic islands during the Second World War. Will anyone heed their voices, although dis- cordant, and their hope of one day seeing the Indian ocean trarlsf~orme~ into a "peace zone"? It is doubtful. COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique GkUPJIA 1981 9824 CSO: 4719; 75 ~ 7 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONL~Y APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070024-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY BENIN STEPS TOWARD NORMALIZATION WITH FRANCE TAKEN Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1872, 25 Sep 81 p 2442 [Report: "President Ker.ekou in Paris"] [Text] Colonel Mathieu Kerekou, preaident of the Republic of Benin, was paying a visit to France this week. As we pointed out, the visit seems to represent the ~inal stage of normalizir.g relations between Benin and France. President Kerekou arrived in Paris on 23 September. The same day he had lunch at the Elysee Palace with President Mitterrand. The president of Benin was accompanied in his visit to Paris by several ministers and senior officials such as Pierre Osho and Mrs. Nathalie Barboza, deputy chairperson of the Standing Committee of the Revolutionary National Assembly; ministers Paul Ifede Ogouma (foreign affairs and cooperation), Baba-Moussa Aboubacar (plan), Colonel Isidore Amoussou (finance), Gado Girigissou (public works and housing), Major Martin Dohou Asonhiho (inf.ormation and propaganda), Major Edouard Zodehougan (technical and vocational education); Valere = Houeto, secretary general of the government, and Mede MoussaYaya, Benin's ambassador to Paris. During his stay in Paris President Kerekou met with J.-P. Cot, minister of cooperation and development, and Robert Badinter, minister of ~ustice. He received Georges Marchais, secretary general of the communist party, Chirac, the mayor of Paris, and a delegation from the CNPF [National Council of French ~mployers]. Benin and France On the occasion of President Kerekou's visit to France, let us recall that his advent to power in 1972 marked a turn in relations between France and Benin. At that time, Major Kerekou blamed "foreign domination," meaning France, of being "the prime reason for the country's backwardness. The attempted overthrow of his regime by some i00 European and black mercenaries, who landed by plane in Cotonou on 16 January 1977, provided another occasion for accusing France, which triggered the recall of the French ambassador. The Marxist-L~ninist orientation and the nationalization of key economic sectors intensified the "misunderstanding" between the two countries even further. However, starting with 1978, relations began to improve slowly, leading eventually to a visit by Robert Galley, the then minister of cooperation, to Cotonou in 1979. The improvement was concretized by increased French aid which, in f act, had never been 8 FOR 0~'~'ICIAL USE ONLY , APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000440070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY suspended, and which rose fro~ 61 million French francs in 1975 to 95 million in 1980. The president's trip, therefore, marks the completion of the normalization process. - On Lhe economic level, let us recall that Benin (115,000 square kilometers, 3.4 million population) has an economy based esseritially on focd growing. However, the country is still not fully self-sufficient despite a substantial improvement in output because of strong demographic expansion. Thanks to the port of Cotonou, which is being steadily developed, and which handled 1.5 million tons of freight in 198Q, Benin is a natural outlet for import and export _ activities of neighboring countries without access to the sea, notably Niger. Actually, the port will be expanded with a view to relieving the pressure on the - port of Lagos in Niger. Finally, off-shore petroleum depasits (10 million tons) will also be exploited as of next year. This will largely reduce the cost of petroleum purchases, which exceeded 10 billian CFA francs ~n 1980, and thus eliminate the trade deficit. COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981. 5157 CSO: /+719/71 9 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/42/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400074420-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY BOTSWANA PLANNED RAIL LINK WITH WALVIS BAY REPORTED London NEW AFRICAN in English No 169, Oct 81 p 28 [Text] As the world's energy crisis worsens, Isaac Mando reports on the emergence of a plan to linlc land-bound Botswana with the Atlantic coast at Walvis Bay, a move that would help entrench South Africa in Namibia. The possibility of a railroad linking land-locked Bot~wana to the Atlantic port of Walvis Bay in Namibia has emerged following a recent statement by Botswana's Miuis- ter of Finance, Peter Mmusi. The idea of a railway linking the central part of Southern Africa to the west coast was first mooted more than 50 years ago. It is now gathering momentum as the world energy crisis worsens and the search for alternative fuel sources be- comes more urgent. Feasibility studies have reflected more optimism recently in the light of Botswana's coal wealth, particularly in the south-east Morupule fields. Export Potential Botswana's coal export potential could encourage the opening of a line from Palapye to Gohabis, a railhead on the existing line ta Walvis Bay. But politics remains the ma~or stumbling block. The government is not actively pushing for the trans-Kalahari line because of the continuing war in Namibia. Informed sources say the scheme would probably be opposed by other Frontline states - until Namibia's independence is settled. The South African Governmenf~ claims Wal- vis Bay as part of the Republic. Namibia's private sector has for years shown great enthusiasm for the idea, pre- dicting tremendous benefits for Southern Africa. Des Matthews, owner of a Namibia mining company who has pursued the plan for 26 years, is trying to give it fresh impetus. - Matthews, managing director of Truat and Mining Co (Pty), is etue soon to learl a . delegation of overseas business interests for talks with authorities in Gaborone. 10 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY He said the business men he planned to take to Botswana would probably try first to secure coal purchasing contracts. The provision of capital for the pro3ect _ might follow. A Johannesburg girm, Loxton Hunting, has calculated that a railway line from the Botswana border to ~obabis--and improvements to the existing Gobabis-Walvis Bay link--would cost nearly $300 million and take five years to build. It would create hundreds of jobs. A new ore terminal at Walvis Bay costing about $90 million would also reduce the port's dependence on the ailing fishing industry. The improvements to Namibia's track, bringing the envisaged link to a total~length of 1,40Q km, would entail the flattening and straightening of the Cobabis-Walvis Bay connection to accommodate long and cumbersome coal trains. "Studies on the railroad have long since reached the stage of determining the various gradients," said Matthews. "The plans are well there, the scheme ie com- pleted. Interested parties could ~irtually go out to tander now," he said. COPYRIGHT: 1981 IC Magazines Ltd. - CSO: 4700/192 11 - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R004400070020-8 FOR OFFICIAI. USE ONLY CAPE VERDE BRIEFS NO AGRARIAN REFORM WITHOUT CONSENSUS--Cape Verdian President Aristides Pereira confirmed that the incidents that took place in the island of Santo Antao on the occasion of the discussion of a bill for agrarian re~orm in the country had resulted in the death of a person opposing the pro~ect, who had attempted to disarm a member of the police force. President Pereira affirmed that the agrarian reform bill now under discussion, aimed at making the exploitation of the land more equitable and at updating agriculture, will not be presented to ttie National Assembly if it does not obtain a popular consensus. He specified that the text of the bill guarantees that land belonging to Cape Verdians who have emigrated abroad will not be expropriated. [Excerpt] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1873, 2 Oct 81 p 2498] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] CSO: 4719/38 12 FOR OFFIC[AL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R004400070020-8 M'(1R t11~N1('lAl. I1~~: nNI.Y GAMBIA SANYANG: LEADER OF A REVOLUTION THAT WENT SOUR London WEST AFRICA in English No 169, Oct 81 pp 18, 19 [Text] Although the attempted coup in The Gambia was quickly suppressed, there is evidence that initially it attracted surprisingly strong support from many sections of society. NdeyAja Faal reports on the failed revolution and the man behind it � � FOLLOWING a civilian-led military rebellion". ChilelJawara,the President's attempt to overthrow the government in Wife, said on her release as a hostage that July, The Gambia is still in a state of she had been interrogated at the resi- emergency. The death toll from the dence of the Oppoeition leader dur:ng her attempted coup and the aftermath is ~Ptivity. If this is true, it will damage estimated at close to 1,000. Families in ~e rebels' image and their cause. Their the capital Banjul and the suburbs are profesaed Marxist proletarianism could being given emergency food aid. Doctors, be interprete~d as hot air. For the NCP nurses and medicine have been flown in. and Jawara's PPP manifestoa are identi- Saudi Arabia and other countries have cal. already donated more than �10 million. ~~iew Tribunal has been consti- President Dawda Jawara has signed the tuted. Whether it will be mandated to ' 29-point Emergency PQwers Regula- conduct trials, or simply to screen ti~~ns. Ha awaits repatriation of Kukoi detainees.before trial, remains to be seen. Samba Sanyang from Guinea-Bissau It coneists of a solicitor or barrister where the leader of the attempted coup aPP~inted by the Chief Justice, and fi~e was arrested along with nine others late presidential appointees. The power of last month. signature of death warrants now lies The Garnbia Gazette has so far pub- with the Inspector General of Police. lished the names of 665 persons of the 700 This mandate followed the announce- reported arrested and detsined in con- ment to the foreign Preas by the Attorney nection with the rebellion. The most General that the ringleaders of tl~e coup important cf these is detainee No. 137 will be charged with treason. Execution Sherrif Mustapha Dit~ba, leader of the will probably be by firing aquad. The National Convention Party (NCP) oppos- Gambia's stretch of beaches already ition in Parliament. Leaders of the ban- bring ghastly memories of April 1880 in ned Socialist Party Pengu George and Liberia. Koro Sallah of the Movement for Justice in Africa IMOJA) have been reported Not weII lmowa killed during the unrest. The regulutions under which they were held ~utharise "the poiice or any troops Contrary to reports from news agen- - ternporarily stationed in The Gambia to eies, Kukoi Samba Sanyang was not in detain any persons suspected of having the military. Neither was he a well- - participated in, or aided and abetted in, a known oppoaition politician. A product of St. AuQustine's High School in Banjul, he 13 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONY.Y APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/42/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000440070020-8 rOR OFFICIAL USF. ON1,Y masterminded the takeover with friends and Dakar via Peking The Nigeria High - inside the Field Force. A former class- Commission offered sanctuary to a gov- mate described him as the last person ernment minister. The British High - you'd think would lead a coup. Commisaion was instrumental in com- "But it would not be all that surprising. municating Britiah assurances of support Kukoi belongs to the rising urban young and, probably, for contacts with the SAS. men and women whose e~cposure to world The Senegaleae office became the Presi- events, has developed in them a lower deri,-.'s bunker. threshold for corruption and bad gov- The civil service received the news of ernment," he said. "They cannot stand the coup with eupress~ jubilation. The what their parents took for granted." number of ci~ il aervants among the Samba Sanyang, indeed, charged the detainees speaks of the support for the Jawara Government with corruption, coup. This quickly spread with radio and with running low-calibre health, endorsements of the rebellion by certain education and welfare services. The gov- influential village and religious heads. ernment, Sanyang announced in his High on the list is Alhaji Sat~jally Bojang, takeover speech on Radio Gambia, had one of the architects of the political strangulated the economy. But the plot movement which became the PPP, and thickened when he aligned himseif with Who invited Jawara to lead the party in - socialist ideals vested in revolution and the 1950s. Bojang was chief of Kembujeh the establishment of a"dictatorship of outaideBrikama,Jawara'selectoralseat. the proletariat.' He has been stripped of this chieftaincy - A Gambian student in London said: "i and detained. lost hope in Sanyang very quickly. His methods became irresponsible. One must align oneself with dynamic forces, not ~~$t r@~$i~ ~ with former business mogule turned hONT C~ t~t@ socialist after their businesses collapsed. yi~++ y Change, yes. I agree. But you do not arm d@tg~A@@s M}'i]l - prisoners and children and set them loose CBIR@ t0 ~81~ against the community. IVor do you scream socialism and dictatorship from thin air. It must be understood that to a More than 30 Gambians and another certain extent Jawara was a nice little 100-odd sympathisers turned out last well-behaved boy to most of the world, month in London to denounce the pres- and in African circles. Total condemna- tion of him would be difficult as we have ence of Senegalese troop in Banjul. The all seen. Senegaleae Embassy staff feiled to show up to receive the petition. The demon- ~ard to interfere strators carried bannera and chanted anti-Senegal elogana under the watchful "Ai] Sanyang had to do was keep it at eye of London's Metropolitan Po~ice. the level of an internal crisis. Ivo Libya. ~The march was not in st;pport of the - No Marxism. No socialism. No rein- coup," a leading organieertoldNewAfri� forcements from Guinea-Bissau. Make it can, "but a eerious attempt to show our basically a people screaming for change discontent with Senegal's military pres- at home. Senegal would have found it ence in The Gambia. We understand our hard to interfere in that kind of backyard Particulars have been sent to Ba~jul as squabble. If they did, world opinion aB~tatore. But we reserve the citizen's would have been harsher." rights to demonstrate." Foreign miasions in Banjul came to the Restless niQhts government's aid during the criais. The Communist Chinese made available _ their communicntions equipment to keep Senegal's President Abdou Diouf told President Jawara in touch with London the French daily Le Malin of his restless nights over the decision to aend his troops to Banjul. His main worry was the reac- tion from Paris. He took the decision without consultation. Diouf has eince had 14 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070024-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY talks wi~th the French Government over the pruposed SeneGambia merger the ~wo West African Presidents had _ embarked on since the coup attempt. Foreign travellers from The Gambia bring repeated reporta of severe torture of Gambian detainees. Similar stories'+_ave come from Gambians who fled across the border with Senegal. The publication of list8 of detainees and the setting up of the _ Review 'I~ibunal are steps in the right direction, but observers are waiting W see how the trials are conducted and how quickly detainees are brought bef~re the 'I~ibunal� ' COPYRIGHT: 1981 1C Magazines Ltd CSO: 4700/191 15 F(lA l1FF'Tf f A T i TCG l1Ni V APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R004400070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY GUINEA-BISSAU BRIEFS IMF ASSISTANCE--The International Monetary Fund authorized Guinea-Bissau on 17 September to purchase 1,850,000 SDR within the framework of compensatory financing to compensate for the drop in export receipts for the 12 months ending in March 1981. The main reason for this drop was the 45-percent decrease in peanut exports as a result of the drought and the drop in the price of this product on the international market. Guinea-Bissau's quota at the IMP' amounts to 5.9 million SDR, and its obligations to the Fund. now total - 1.1 million SDR. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPI~,AUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French _ No 1873, 2 Oct 81 p 2498] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paria 1981] CSO: 4719/138 ~ 16 FOR OFFiCIAL iJSF ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000440070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY IVORY COAST BRIEFS IMF ASSISTANCE--The International Monetary Fund authorized Ivory Coast on , 17 September to purchase 114 million SDR (or approximately $125 million) as compensatory financing in anticipation of a drop in export receipts in 1981. More than three-fourths of this drop would be related to coffee and cocoa exports, since their prices have decreased on the international market. Ivory Coast's quota at the IMF is 114 million SDR, and its obligations at this time amount to 116.8 million SDR. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX EP - MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1873, 2 Oct 81 p 2500] FAVORABLE EXIMBANK CItEDIT--The Export-Imiport Bank of the United States (Ex3mbank) has ~ranted Ivory Coast a credit amounting to $99.35 million at the interest rate of 10 percent, reimbursable in 20 years (instead of the normal 10 years). According to Eximbank's own communique, the bank is thus waiving international regulations in order to "counter intense French competition." The credit granted Ivory Coast is earmarked for the purchase of $136.2 million worth of electrical equipment in the United States (turbines, generators, etc.) for the hydroelectric complex at the Naoua Falls, on the Sassandra River. [Excerpt] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1973, 2 Oct 81 p 2500] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] CSO: 4719/138 - 17 ~no n~~rrr e r i TCF (1NT V APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/42/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400074420-8 _ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY MALI FIVE-YEAR PLAN STRESSF.S NATIONAL PRODUCTION STYLE Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEES in French No 1872, 25 Sep 81 pp 2439 (Report: "The Draft 1481-1985 Plan; The Total Cost Will Be 936 Billion Mali Francs"] [Text] At its 17 September extraordinary session, the Malian National Assembly examined the five-year plan for the country's economic and social development for the 1981-1985 period. The five-year plan, which was submitted by Ahmed Mohamed Iiamani, minister of planning and transportation, and was amended at the meeting of the Higher Council for the Plan, held in Bamako last July, includes 539 projects requiring: a total financing of 936 billion Mali francs. They include 114 projects related to the rural economy, to which 282.7 billion Mali francs, or 30.1 percent of total financing have been allocated; 140 projects, costing 251.7 billion (26.9 percent) will be related to infrastructures, _ communications and housing; and 77.7 billion will go to the social sector (8.3 percent. - The plan meets the major guidelines formulated by the Democratic Union of the Malisn People (UDPM), the only constitutional party, which is trying to develop an "independent planned national economy." The new plan, which calls upon the population "to take its own future in hand," is characterized by the desire to improve the national production system on the basis of primary rural collectives. The reorganization of the state sector is another priority included in the draft _ plan, which also intends to consolidate enterprises considered "strategic" and whose support is deemed essential to the national economy. Finally, the plan stipulates that "Certain state and mixed enterprises will be consolidated as well." Bid Tender Based on the European Development Fund (No 1689) for Rice-Cultivation Sections. On the basis of anticipated EEC financing, the Malian government has called for bids on additional controlled flooded rice-cultivation sections in the Segou region. The pro~ect is divided into two lots: 1. Development of Farako; 2. Development of Tamani. This includes the terracing of approximately 730,000 cubic meters for lot 1 and 740,000 cubic meters for lot 2, plus various other works. 18 FOR OFFTCIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Bids must be sent before 27 November 1981 and addressed to The Director General of Rural Engineering, BP 155, Bamako. The file (150,000 Mali francs) can be obtained from the same source or consulted on the premises of the information services of ~uropean Communities, 61 Rue des Belles-Feuilles, Paris 16e. COP~RIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981. 5157 CSO: 4919/71 19 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R004400070020-8 FOR OFF[CIAL USE ONLY SEYCHELLES CHOICE OF CREOLE AS rATIONAL LANGUAGE REPORTED London NEW AFRICAN in English No 169, Oct 81 p 23 [Text] Creole is now the national language of Seychelles, bringing to an end a long and bitter controversy over which language should take - pride of place in the countrys affairs- Creole, French or English. Primary schools will start teaching Creole from January. Most school subjects w~ll be taught in that language. English will be the only other teaching medium. This report comes from Victoria CREOLE, the mother tongue of the 1�i :nistake Seychelles, will now be use~.i as the pr.esident ftene stressed that the his- medium of instructio:~ in the island's schools. toric decision made by the congress This is the result of a keenly argued meant that the off`icial bilingualism of and comprehensive debate organised by English and French with equal status the rulinQ party - Seychelles People's Was over. Bilingualism would now mean Progressive Front (SPPF) - at its third that the islands would have only one' annual national conQress. other foreign language. English gets second place while Referring to an earlier decision by the French, which has been spoken for many congress to aim at establishing both - years by Seychellois, is now relegated to English and French as the equal official third place. languages at the cost of Creole had been a President Albert Rene, who chaired mistake, President Rene said. Even if a SPPF's central executive committe decision was reached by concensus, itwas not necessarily correct. which decided the language question, ~~Very often, whether in our personal or said: "In a revolutionary society it 18 pulitical lives," he explained, "we are important that the proceeaea of analysia called upon to change a decision because and re-analysis, of criticism and self- experience and time have proved that we criticism, continue every minute of our ~ lives." have made a mistake." Hence, the change This was an invitation to discuss the in the country's first languege, he said. lanquage issue thoroughly. The committee took one day to com- The committee consisted of inembers of plete the taek and make recommenda- the national congress, Minieter of Educa- tione. This included anewering a aet of tion and lnformation James Michel, offi- ninequestionaputtoitbyPresidentRene cials of the Department of Education, and on belnalf of the central executive com- hcad teachers of all the schools in mittee. Theee mainly covered auch iasues Sevchelles. as the timetable for change, and the ~ method and problems of ~stabliehing Creole as the national language. EnRlish, the second nationallanauaRe 20 FOR OFFICiAL USE ONLV APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY will be the only other medium of teach- ing, while French, the third language, will become a compuleory subject but not a te~ching medium. Creole academy Primary schoola in Seychelles will _ start teaching Creole from next January. This is to enable thoae involved in the teaching to train the neceseary peraonnel and prepare the material, followed by the - design and production uf dictionaries, grammar and other books and the com- plete revision of the present teaching programmes for P1 classes. A Creole academy will also be set up to monitor and guide the development ofthe country's first lan~quage. Following a basic instruction in Creole up t,~ P6 level, Seychellois studenta will then be allowed to study English, the second language. The committee recommended that Creole, being the rr.other tongue, will still be used to facilitate understanding of English. The medium of instruction for certain subjects would be determined by the Ministry of Education and Informa- tion. Many Seychellois feel this is a welcome move because they believe that in' :arn- ing English as the medium of instruction, pupils tend to become Westernised. "This way, at least, they will now take interest in their culture, which is so rieh - and must be mastered," one teacher said� COPYRIGHT: 1981 1C Magazines Ltd CSO: 4700/192 E~ 21 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070020-8