JPRS ID: 10433 USSR REPORT ENERGY

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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY JPRS L/ 10433 - 2 April 1982 USSR Re ort p ~ ENERvY (FOUO 6/82) FBIS FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 NOTE ' JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign newsp~pers, periodicals and books, but also from news a gency transmissions aiid broadcasts. Materials from foreign-1 anguage sources are translated; ~hase from English-language sources are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and other characteristics retained. Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets are supplied by JPRS. Proce ssing indicators such as [Text] or [ExcerptJ in the first line of each item, or following the last 1 ine of a brief, indicate how the original informat ion was ptoces sed. Gihere ~;o processing indicator is given, the infor- mation was summarized or extrac ted. Unfamiliar names rendered phone tica].~y or transliterated axe enclos ed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques- tion mark and enclosed in parenthese~ were not clear in the original but have been supplied as appropriate in contex t. Other unattributed parenthetica 1 notes within the body of an item or iginate with the source. Times within items are as given by source . The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli- cies, v iews or at.titudes of the U.S. Government. ~ COPYRIGHT LAWS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING OWNERSHIP OF MATERIALS REPRODUCED HERE IN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION OF THIS PUBLICATION BE RE STRICTED FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY'. APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY , JPRS I,/10433 2 April 1982 USSR REPORT ENERGY (~OUO 6~s2Y CONTENTS ELECTRIC POWER Atomic Electric Power Stations ~ (ATUNINYYE ELEKTRICHFSKIYE 5TANTSII, 1981) 1 Tasks of Power Workers in 1982 Detailed . (ELEKTRICHESKI�~' STANTSII, Jan 82) 22 FUELS Trends, Outlook in Automated Coal E,r+_.raction . (BEZLYUI~TAYA VYENIItA UGLYA, 1980) 27 . - a - [III - USSR - 37 FOUO] APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED F~R RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ELECTRIC POWER ATOMI.C ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS Moscow ATOMNYYE ELEKTRICHESKIYE STANTSII in Russian 1981 (signed to p r e s s 2 3 J u n Sl ) pp 1-3, 231-240 ~;Collection of articles edited by L.M. Voronin, assisted by A. A. Abagyan, B.B. Baturov, A.P. Volkov, V.M. Gordina, I.Ya. Yemel'yanov, V.S. Konviz, A.K. Kruglov, F.Ya. Ovchinnikov, V.Ya. Sidorov, A. B. Sukhov, and G. N. Ushakov; Annotation, foreword~ table of contents, and abstracts : "Aton~ic Electric Pc~sJer Stations'_/ /TextT Participating in the preparation of the articles in this collection were the workers from the branch labora- tory for the preparation and analysis of informational ma- , terials of the VNIIAES /All-Union Scientific-Research In- ' stitute of Atomic Electric Power Stationa7. The workers were supervised by V.. M. Gordina Annotation In this, the fourth edition of a collection of articles, attention has been given to a group of problems having to do with the protection ~ of the environment from thermal and radioactive pollutants of atomic electric power stations (AES). The book provides a descripti~n of ine- thods for hardening radioactive wastes and a methodology for evaluat- ing the tolerable ejections into the atmosphere. Several articles in the book have to do~with the use of computers f~r automating the moni- torin6 and control at AES's, for training operators, and for preparing operational estimates. As in previoua editions, attention is given to generalizing and analyzing the experience of building and operating AES's. The booic ;.s intended for engineering and technical workers at an AES, installation, adjustment ~nd designing organizations. � Foreword The development of the atomic power industry. in the Soviet Union is _ taking on increasing importance. In the near fature nuclear enerpy sources are to be used not only at the traditional condensation atom- - ic electric power stations, but also at atomic thermal electric power 1 FOR OFFIG~AI, tJSF ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 plants (ATETs) and atomic electric power and lieating supply stations (~AST ) . An important taslc in the near future is the expanaion of the construc- tion of AES's with fa~t neutron reactors, which make it possible to more fully use the naturally occurring nuclear, fuel. In connectiott with this the number of specialiats who are being brought in to work in the atomic power industry, for which the condition of the construc- tion and operating of AES's and also the probiems of the further devel- opment of the atomic power industry are of practical interest, ia in- creasing. The first editions (No I- 3) of the annual collectiAn of articles "Atomic Electric Power Stations", which were devoted to pressing prob- , lems of ciesigning, constructing and operating AES's, received recogni- tion from a broad range of specialists who are engaged in an extensive number of fields within the atomic electric power industry. This edi- tion of the collection of articles has basiealZy retained ita topica of concern, which covers a range ~f problems having to do with the prospects of expanding the use of atomic power for the needs of the power industry, the furth�er improvement of the deaigns of the AES's and the technical level of their operation. The fourth edition af tiie collection of articlea devotes a great deal cf attention to improving the systems that control the technological processes and the compre- ~ hensive automation of AES's, and also to the analysie of radiation safety of existing AES's and their influence up~on the environment. The editors of the collection of articles hope that these materiaZe wiil be useful for the operators, the.specialists of the design and adjus:ment organizations, and the scientific workers and engineers, who are woricing in th~ atomic pAwer industry. Ti1e editors will be grateful for critical commQnts and suggestions on the compositioii and formulation of the collection of ar ticles. All such ~omments should be sent tu this address: 113114, Moacow, M-114, Shlyu~ovaya Nab., 10, Energoizdat. Table of Contents Foreword 3 Section One: Prospects for the Dev~~lopment of the Atomic Power Industry The development of tfie atomic eJectric power engineering in the 'JSSR, L.M. Voronin 4 The status of ntcclear power engineering in the wor~d, V.M. (3or.dina, Yu.V. Yegorov, Y~.N. Myagkov 6 Atomic electric ~GWEr and heating supply stations, V.L. Kats, Yu.A. Kuznetso~r, G.T. Pleskov. V.Y. T at~rnikov 10 2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ATETs with boilang water reactors in housin.gs made of pre-stressed . reinforced concrete, M.A. A1'tshuller, V.N. Vinogradov, G.E. Gorodetskiy, A.P. Kirillov, A.Ye. Svichar, Yu.I. Tokarev 17 Es*_imated-experimental research on the emergency coolin~ of the RBbIK-1a:~0 reactor at a maximtim designed emergency, Yu.M. Cherkashc+v, V.P. Vasil'evski}, V.N. Labazov, A.Ya. Loninov, Yu.S. Molochnikov, O.Yu. Novosel'skiy, L.N. Podlazov, V.B. Pavlov, V.I. Pushkarev 23 Using the joint wark of AES and GTU /gas turbire unit? equipment to meet the alternating portian of a paw~r system's load schedule, V.M. Boldyrev, G.Ye. Kelin, L.F. Feoktistova 33 Possibilities of the direct conversion of heat into electric power, A.A. Abagyan, V.M. Dmitriyev, G.N. Ushakov 36 Layout and construction solutions for the construction porti~n and ways to reduce the lengtii of time required for the construction of AES's with large-capacity RBMK power uzits, L.K. Domanakiy, L.N. Des:onteynes, E.A. Skob .....................................e.... 46 Section Two: Problems in the Operating of the AES Status and prospects for the development of inethods for r.he radia~ tion-technological monitoring at an AES~ L.P. Kham'yanov ....e... 51 - Spatial-power distributions of radiations outside the biological shielding of AES's with VVER-440 and RBMK-1000 reactors, A. I. Glushchenko and Yu.V. Orlov 56 Monitoring the steam content in the steam and water connections of a reactor according to the indications of the KGO system detectors, A.M. Gryaznov, P.V. Kalinin, V.V. Karnaukhov, 'Ye.A. Panov, Yu.N. Filimontsev, L.P. Kham'yanov, A.I. Yashnikov 60 The water-chemical regime of the auxiliary systema of the K~1'skaya AES, V.I. Pashevich, Ye.I. Ignatenko, I.I. Abarovskiy, Z.S. Kopylova, T.K. Kruglova 62 F.xperience in deactivating equipment of AES's with VVER-440 re- actors, Yu.V. Balaban-Irmenin 68 Methods of estic~ating the acceleration characteris~ics of moist- steam turbines, Ye.A. Golovach 73 Increasing the reliability and efficiency of operating AES's by training highly-skilled personnel, V.V. Korolev, G.A. Sexeda 80 ihe use oi structral-hierarchical models for diagnosing malfunc- tions of a technological object,':N.G. Barykova, Yu.V. Yegorov 83 3 FOR OFFICTAL, iTSE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 Concerning the comprehensive system for the operational monitoring of the metal in the equipment of an AES, M.D. Abnamovich, A.F. Getman, I.P, Levtonov, L.I. Trakhtenberg 86 Basic ways of improvin~ the radiochemical systems of power units with boiling water channel reactors, I.M. Barbashinov, M.L. Barskiy, A.I. Ivanov 98 Research on the efficiency of systems for the ~mergency cooling of reactors with a water cooling agent, L.P. Kabanov, S.A. Belyayev, P.L. Makarovskiy, S.P. Nikonov, V. Reynah 103 Section Three: Protecting the Environment Monitoring the gasaerosol ejections at the Novovoronezhskaya AES and research of the influence of its operation on the envirnoment, M.A. Baranuv, V.K. Sedov 111 Radioactive ejections of AES's with VVER-440 and RBMK-1000 reactors, V.F. Kozlov 116 Problems of radiation safety of the population and protecting the environment in connection with the operation of an AES, A.I. Gusev, N.G. Gusev, A.D. Turkin, V.U. Turovskiy 118 Evaluation of the anthropogenic pollution of the environment by natural and artificial nuclides, A.K. Kruglov, B.N. Laskorin, V.I. Karpov, V.T. Orekhov, V.N. Shesterikov, A.A. Iskra 121 - Statistical processing of the ejections of RBG of an AES in order to technically justify the maximum permissible ejections, N.G. - Gusev, G.G. Doroshenko 126 Atomic power and the environment, B.N. Laskorin. V.I. Zemlyanukhin, V.I. Karp~v, M.Ye. Kemerova, N.S. Babayev, V.N. Shesterikov, V. F. Demin 131 Models for estimating the,individual and population doses brought about by gasaerosol ejections of an AES, N.Gs Guaev, B.A. Belyayev 137 A possible approach to the problem of the quantitative comparison and selection of sites for AES's, A.A. Abagyan, A.I. Glushchenko, S.I. Kochnev, O.G. Petrov, L.P. Kham'yanov 145 Re~arding the standardization of inethods for monitoring the re- lease of natural and artificial radionuclides into the environ- ment, L.I. Gedeonov 147 Regarding the selection of a method for estimating the dispersal . of radioactive admixtures released into the atmosphere by an AES, A.I. Glushchenko, D.L. Laykhtman, G.A. Natanzon, O.G. Petrov, L.A. Kham'yanov 154 4 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Radioactive ~ollutants of a water medium, L.I. Gedeonov. V.A. ~ Blinov, L.M. ivanova, I.M. Tsarikovskaya 1~9 ~ , ' Section Four: Automation of Technological Processes Experience in designing an aut~omated control system for an AES, V.K. Sedov, B.F. Busygin, O.V. Yeliseyeva, V.A. Mikhaylov 164 Automated control system for technological processes of the first section of the Kol'skaya AES, A.P. Volkav, A.S. Dolgav, S.V. Zinov'ev, Ye.Is Ignatenko, Yu.P. Katasonov, Yu.V. Kolomrsev, Ye.F. Mel'nikov, V.R. Reznik, B.A. Trofimov 170 Development of comprehensive automa[ed sys~ems with UVM at Soviet AES!s with channel reactors, Yu.D. Proferansov 173 ~ Experience in operating automated control systems for technological processes at the Kol'skaya AES, A.P. Volkov, Ye.I. Ignatenko, Yu.V. Kolomtsev, Ye.F. Mel'nikov, B.A. Trofimov 182 Experience in the use of comput~rs for determining the physical- technical characteristics of pcwer units at the Bilibinskaya ATETs, V.K. Abaiakin, i~.V. Dashkovskiy, N.I. Logosha, G.Ye. Soldatov, F.T. Tukhvetov 184 Estimate aiid analysis of the technical-economic indicators in an automated control system for t'echnological process~s of a power unit with a V4'ER-440 reactor, N.N. Borisova, L.P. Zhidkova, N.F. Komarov, V.K. Litvinov, V.N. Ruzankov, V.I. Sen'kin, A.A. Spirina 189 Regarding the problem of the topologic optimizing of nets ~'or the pracessing and trsnsmission of data when developing the ASU-ATOM, V.P. Gal'berg 195 The automated exchange of information between computers of atomic electric power stations and scientific centers, I.Ya. Yemel'yanov~ A.D. Zhirnov, V.V. Postnikov, Ye.A. Starostin 200 Organiaing the development of mathematical support for a future control system of an AES, V.N. Okhotin, G.P. Komarov, V.V. Zonov, V.A. Zhil'tsov 202 Tasks for the comprehensive automation of processes at an AES, A.V. NaUmov 207 The automated regulation of the capacity of large power reactors, V.N. Sarylov, F.F. Voskresenskiy, P.T. Potapenko, V.G. Dunaye . 211 Equipment systems problems in creating an experimental, measuring set of equipment for the Leningrad Atomic Electric Power Stat?on, P.A. Gavrilov, M.N. Mikhaylov 217 5 FOR OFF7CIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 rvn vrr~~.ir+a. UDG Vl\LY The economic effectiveness and possible ways to improve the control systems of power units with VVER reactors, A.V. Naumov, b.f. Busygin, V.A. Mikhaylov, O.S. Gorelova 220 Radiation error of the primary temperature gauges, used in the control systems of an AES, S.O.Slesarevskiy, N.M. Korotenko. V.S. Lyubarskiy, V.P. Pavlenko, V.A. Snigerev, S.S. Stel'makh, A.V. Tkachenko .............................................v....... 222 Evaluation of the lower range of the required computer capacity of a power station compt~ter center for an AES wiGh RBMK reactors, V.P. Gal'berg 225 Appendix: Commonly-used abbreviations in the text 230 Abstracts UDC 621.311.25 DEVELOPMENT OF ATOMIC POWER INDUSTRY IN THE USSR /Abstract of article by L.M. Voronin: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vYP 47 /Text% This article summarizes the reaults of fulfilling the decisions of the 25th Party Congress and the assignments of the lOth Five-Year Plan for the construction of AES's in the USSR. It also outlines the basic directions for the development of the atomic power industry in the llth Five-Year Plan. UDC 621.311.25:621.039 STATUS OF THE NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRY IN THE WORLD /Abstract of article by V.M. Gordina, Yu.V. Ye orov, Ye.N. Myagkov; "Atomic Electric aower Stations", 1981, vyp 4.~ , /Text7 This article reviews the structure of the nuclear power indus- try in the world (excluding the CEMA nations) as of 1 January 1980. It also presents data on foreign AES's as concerns the growth of capacity, the output of electric power, and ~he coefficient of capacity use. It also provides information about the atandard nuclear steam produc- ing units, which were developed by the leading foreign reactor manu- facturing firms. 6 - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-04850R000500050009-2 FOR OFF[CIAL USE ONLY ~ ! UDC 621.311.25:621.039 ~ ATOMIC ELECTRIC POWER AND HEATING SUPPLY STATIONS /Abstract of article by V.L. Kats, Yu.A. Kuznetsov, G.I. P'e~~~cov, arld V.P. Tatarnikov: "Atomic Eleqtric Power Stations", 1981! ~y� 47 /Text% This article reviews the basic technical solutions for an atomic power and heating supply station. , UDC 621.039.576:691.328.2 ATETs /atomic power and heating supply station/ WITH BOILING WATER REACTORS IN HOUSINGS MADE OF PRE-STRE~SSEU REINFORCED CONCRETE /Abstract of article by M.A. A1'tshuller, V.N. i/inogradov, G.E. i Gorodetskiy, A.P. Kirillov, A.Ye. Svichar, and Yu.I. Tokarev: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ In recent years a great deal of work has been done to substan- tiate the feasibility of creating water-cooled reactors in reinforced concrete housings. In this regard it has been demonstrated that all of the advantages of reinforced concrete housings are most fully mani- fest when they are used with water-coolAd boiling water reactors. In this article it is shown that on the basis of the special features and advantages, which are inherent in reinforced concrete housings, they have managed to provide a degree of safety that makes it possible to locate an ATETs with a VK-500 reactor within 2 to 3 kilometers from the borders of the future infrastructure of large cities. UDC 631.039.51 ESTIMATED-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE EMERGENCY COOLING OF AN RBMK- IS00 REACTOR AT MAXIMUM PLANNED EMERGENCY /Abstract of an article by Yu.M. Cherkashov, Ye.P. Vasilevskiy, V.N. Labazov, A.Ya. Loninov, Yu.S. Molochnikov, O.Yu. Novosel'skiy, L.N. Podlazov, V.B. Pavlov, and V.I. Pushkarev: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ This article examines the thermohydraulic and neutron-physi- cal processes and analyzes the special features of th~ behavior of parameters at the maximum and planned emergency (MPA), which is the basis of research on the temperature regime of fuel elements (tvel). The temperature regime of the tvels has been determined for various modifications in the change of the neutron capacity at the MPA and for various laws for the heat exchange coefficients in the process of dehydrating the channel.~�.An impdrtan~ motnent in this regard is the selection of values for the heat exchange coefficients in the process of dehydrating the channel of an RBMK-1~00 reactor. 7 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-04850R000500050009-2 _ rvn vrra~,~e~a, voc vi~a,~ UDC 621.1:621.311.2 THE USE OF THE COMBINE OPERATION OF THE EQUIPMENT OF AN AES AND A GAS TURBIN~ UNIT (GTU) TO COVER THE ALTERNATING PORTION OF THE LOAD . SCHEDULE OF A POWER SYSTEM ~ /Abstract of an article by V.M. Boldyrev, G.Ye. Kelin, and L.F. Feoktistova: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ This article demonstrates the economic efficiency of using the combined operation of a GTU with t}:e power units of AESs, which are achieved by using the heat of the exhaust gases of the GTU for superheating the saturated steam following the steam generators of the nuclear steam-producing unit with an encased reactor. During the separate operation of the GTU and the AES the heat of the exhaust gases is lost. The combined operation of a 1000 MW AES power unit and several GTU's are cited as the specific equipment to be studied. UDC 621.362.2 POSSIBILITIES FOR THE DIREI;T CONVERSION OF HEAT INTO ELECTRIC POWER /Abstract of an artic~e by A.A. Abagy3n, V.M Dmitriyev,_and G.N. Ushakov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ This article exami.nes the possibilities foY~ the direct conver- sion of hear. into electric power in comparison with the traditional machine method of conversion. It provides the basic characteristics of thermoelectric and thermoemission convertors that have been achieved at present. It provides a description of the design layouts and the parameters of the existing thernoelectric and thermal emission genera- tors with atomic sources of heat and the areas in which.they are used. The article discusses the primary scientific-technical and engineer- ing problems in creating such generators. UDC 621.311:621.039 THF CONFIGURATION AND DESIGN SOLUTIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION PORTION AND WAYS TO R~.DUCE THE TIME REQUIRED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN AES WITH RBMK POWER UNITS WITH A LARGE CAPACITY /Abstract of an article by L.K. Domanskiy, L.N. Desfonteynes, E.A. Skob: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", l981, vyp 4/ /Text/ This article discusses the configuration and ~esign solutions for the construct.ion portion and offera suggestions for reducing the amouht of time required for the construction of an AES with large ca- pacity RBMK power units. 8 . FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/02109: CIA-RDP82-00854R000500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY UDC 621.039.58 STATUS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR MONITORING RADIATION AN'J EQUIPi~IENT AT AN AES /Abstract of an article by L.P. Kham'yanov: "Atomic Electric Power S~ations", 1~81, vyp ~i7 /Text/ This article examines the present-day tendencies in the devel- opment of inethod~ for monitoring the radiation of AES reactors, their sensitivity and the amount of information that the methods can provide. There is a brief outline of the basic princi~les of the physical model for the formation of activity of fissionable products in the cooling agent of a VVER-type reactor, on the basis of which a methodology has been developed to evaluate the condition of a reactor's core. As an example attention is given to evaluating the condition ox a reactor core fof one of the operating periods of the Alimenia AES. UDC 621.039.58 SPACE AND POWER DISTRIBUTION OF RADIATIONS BEYONn THE BIOLOGICAL SHIELDING OF AN AES HAVING VVER-440 AND RBMK-1000 REACTORS /Abstract of an article by A.I. Glushchenko and Yu.V. Orlov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ This article outlines the basic results of full-scale research on the radiation situation and the effectiveness of the biological shielding of Soviet AES's~, which have been constructed wi~,h the use of a broad selection of dosimetric and spectrometric equipment. The results of the research are analyzed by comparing them with design data. UDC 621.939.564:621.1.018.8 MONITORING THE STEAM COiVTENT AND STF.AM-AND-WATER CONNECTIONS OF A REACTOR ACCORDING TO READINGS OF THE KGO SYSTEM DETECTORS /Abstract of an article by A.M. Gryaz~aov, P.V. Kalinin, V.V. Karnaukhov, Ye.A. Panov. Yu.N. Filimontsev, L.P. Kham'yanov, A.I. Yashnikov: ''Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text7 This article demonstrates the possibility of using KGO system detectons for monitoring the thermophysical parameters of the cooling agent in the TK of an RBMK reactor. It provides a theoretical defini- tion of the functional relationship of a KGO system signal for 16N upon the capacity of the channel, the expenditure of cooling agent through the channel, the length of the steam-and-water connections - from the core to the KGO gauge, and also the t~mperature~�and pressure in the discharge collector. A single-value relatio ship of the volu- metric activity of the cooling agent according to ~$N upon the steam content ar. release from the TK is expressed and experimentally con- firmed. The article also describes the possibility of construction �,aorking nomograms; which bring together the thermophysical parameters ~t the c.~oling agent in the TK with a KGO signal according to 16N. 9 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 - UDC 621.187.12:621.311.25 - WATER-CHEt4ICAL REGIME OF THE L~.UXILIARY SYSTEMS AT THE KOL'SKAYA AES /Abstract of an article by V.I. Pashevich, Ye.I. Ignatenko, I.I. Abarovskiy, Z.I. Kopylova, and T.K. Kruglova: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4? /Text/ This article examines problems having to do with maintaining the water-chemical regimes of the auxiliary systems, the periodicity of chemical monitoring and the corroeion stability of the materials that are used. In addition, the article provides a detailed analysis of the shut-down regime when reloading nuclear fuel and the reasons that affect the speed of corrosion of the reactor's housing, which does not ha.ve a stainless surfacing. UDC 621.311.25.621.039-784.9.002 EXPERIENCE IN 1)EACTIVATING THE EQUIPMENT O~F AN AES HAVING VVER-440 REACTORS /Abstract of an article by Yu.V. Balaban-Irmenin: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /~ext/ This article provides a brief description of various ~ethods for deactivating at an AES and their applicability. It also describes ways to deactivate the removable equipment and steam generators, and also the designs and technology which are used at an AES for decreasing _ the surfaces of the equipment. . UDC 621.181.7:621.311.25 METHODS FOR ESTIMATING THE ACCELERATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MOIST-STEAM TURBINES /Abstract of an article by Ye.A. Golovach: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 47 /Text% This article develops a non-linear method for estimating the acceleration characteristics of moist-steam turbines with consid- eration given to the change in the efficiency, temperature drop and losses in the turbine, and al~o the loss of vacuum in the condensor. The non-linear method is compared with an approximate linear method for estimating the acceleration characteristics. 10 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 F'OR OFFICIAL CJSE ONLY UDC 621.311.25:621.039.56 RAISING THE RELIABILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF OPERATING AN AES BY THE TRAINING OF HIGHLY-SKILLED PERSONNEL _ _ - - - /Abstract of an article V.V. Korolev and G.A. Sereda: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ The nuclear power industry at the present stage in the devel- opment is characterized by the use of industrial large-capacity reac- tors, the high technical-economic indicators of which can be provided only when there is a high degree of reliability of the equipmei~t and a high skill-level of the service personnel. To train operations personnel who are high~y-skilled for work at present-day AES's a spe- ci~lized institution of higher learning is being created - the Insti- tute of Atomic Power Engineering. This article deals with some of the proble~es that have arisen in this area. - UDC 621.039.56:681.142.3 THE USE OF STRUCTURAL-HIERARCHICAL MODEL�S FOR DIAGNOSING MALFUNCTIONS OF A TECHNOLOGICAL FACILITY /Abstract of an article N.G. Barykova and Yu.V. Yegorov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 47 /Text% This article describes the use of the method of structural- hierarchical model for organizing the machine search for malfunctions in the basic equipment of electric power stations. In constructing the model use is made of statistical, a priori and current informa- tion regarding the condition of the facility. The fundamental signif- icance of such models is that they can be used to discover ways to identify malfunctions to ensure the timely operational maintenance of equipment. UDC 621.039.53:539.4:620.1 CONCERNING A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM FOR THE OPERATIONAL MONITORING OF THE METAL IN THE EQUIPMENT OF ATOMIC ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS /Abstract of an article by M.D. Abramovich, A.F. Getman, I.P. Levtonov, and L.I. Trekhtenberg: "Atomic Electric Power Stations"~ 1981, vyp 4/ /Textf~This:�article discusses a layout of a comprehensive system for the operational monitoring of the metal in the equipment of an AES. The layout contains the basic groups of parameters, which are subject to monitoring, which determine the condition of the metal and the facUors of operational effect upon the metal. The layout also re- flects the scientific articles that have to do with the compilation of the control programs, the gathering of information on the results of the monitoring, the processing of data on the condition of the me- tal and reaching a decision regarding the tolerance of the defects in operation. The layout work-up was performed using the systems approach and a concept of the "metal-AES" system, which characterizes the more - general working conditions and the damage to the metal in the equip- ment in the operating process. 11 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 UDC 621.039.526 THE BASIC WAYS OF IMPROVING THE RADIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS OF POWE~ UNITS WITH CHANNEL ZEACTORS OF THE BOILING-WATER TYPE /Abstract of an article by I.M. Barbash~nov, M.L. Barskiy, and L.Y. _ Ivanov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4? /Text% This article examines the radiochemical systems of an AES which has boiling-water channel reactors. It also ~akes a look at the feasibility and advantages of using perlite steels in all parts of the circuit and the requirements placed ~ipon the system of the cooling agent technology and the a~stem8 for processing the liquid and gaseous radioactive wastes, the deactification system. The arti- cle provides recommendations for further improving the systems. UDC 621.311.25:621.039 RESEARCH ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE EMERGENCY COOLING SYSTEMS OF [tEACTORS WITH A WATER COOLING AGENT /Abstract of an article by L.P. Kabanov, S.A. Belyayev, P.L. Makarovskiy, S.P. Nikonov, and V. Reynsh: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text% This article cites data on the comprehensive research on the efficiency of emergency cooling systems of reactors (SAOR), including the VVER and RBMK ~eactors, based upon the indicators of the structu- ral and functional reliability. The structuralrelibility of the SAOR was studied using the method of the tree of failures. The indi- cators of the functional reliability were d~termined on the basis of the analysis of the temperature regimes of the fuel elements of the VVER and RBMK reactora in the process of an emergency cooling and the use of inethods for estimating the thermotechnical reliability. It was demonstrated that in the existing system designs for the emer- gency cooling of VVER-440 and RBMK-1000 reactors, a high SAOR efficien- cy is provided. UDC 621.039.7 . MONITORING THE GAS-AEROSOL EJECTIONS AT THE NOVOVORONEZHSKAYA AES AND RESEARCH aN THE INFLUENCE OF ITS OPERATION UPON THE ENVIRONMENT /Abstract of an article by M.A. Baranov, and V.K. Sedov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 47 /Text% This arti~le describes the methods for monitoring the gas- aerosol ejections that are now being used on the VVER-440 power units of the Novovoronezhskaya AES. The article also provides information on the outputs of inert radipactive gases (IRG) and aerosols that are eliminated into the environment along with the ventilated air. The article also provides the isotope composition of the radionuclides that are eliminated. The article citea the volume of dosimetric mo- nitoring of the area near an AES and some of the resulta of monitoring. 12 FOR OFFICIAL~USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED F~R RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY UDC 621.039.58 RAI)IOACTIVE EJECTIONS OF AN AES WITH VVER-440 AND RBMK-]000 REACTORS /Abstract of an article by V.F.Kozlov: "Atomic Electric Power Statiors", 1981, vyp G/ , /Text/ A comparison of the RBG ejections of series AES's demonstrates that for both the absolute value (rmrie per 24-hour period) and the relative (curie/MW-year) the actual ejection af a RBMK-1000 reactor exceeds by approximately one order the ejection of two ~'VER-440 power units. It is entirely possible to stabiiize the RBG ejection's from one RBMK-1000 reactor at a level not exceeding 36 curie/(MW-year), i.e. nearly 100 curie per 24-hour period. This corresponds to the require- ments of the health rules f.or the designing and operating of an AES. The 13~I ejections of RBMK-1000 reactors are of a rather low value, since in contrast to the VVER reactors there is a reduced output of ~ iodide from the nonhermetic fuel assemblies (tvel) into the cooling _ agent. UDC 621.039.7 PROBLEMS OF RADIATION SAFETY FOR THE POPULATION AND THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN CONNECTION WITH THE OPERATION OF AN AES /Abstract of an article by D.I. Gusev, N.G.~Gusev, A.D. Turk3,n, and V.U. Turovskiy: "Atomic F.lectric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 47 /Text/ This article provides an evaluation of the influence of the gas and aerosol ejections and liquid discharges of AES's upon the for- mation of a radiation situation in the environment. It provides an evaluation and prognosis of the amounts of radiation for the popula- tion. The article also examines the hygiene and ecological problems of safety in the elimina~ion of radioactive wastes from an AES and the disposal of warm water into the cooling tanks. UDC 621.039.76+502.7+632.15+628.394 EVALUATING THE ~~'~THROPOGENY POLLUTIOIV OF THE EVIRONMENT WITH ARTIFI- CIAL ANU NATURAL NUCLIDES /Abstract of an article by A.K. Kruglov, B.N. Laskorin, V.I. Karpov, V.T. Orekhov, V.N. Shesterikov, A.A. Iskra: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 19~31, vyp 47 /Text/ This article provides a forecast of the possible anthropogeny pollution levels of the biosphere with artificial and natural radio- nuclides. The article also provides an evaluation of the proposed scales of the influence of ionized radiation upon the population. 13 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 UDC 621.039.7 STATISTICAL PROCESSING OF RBG EJECTIONS OF AN AES IN ORDER TO TECHNI- CALLY ESTABLISH MAXIMUM RJECTIONS /Abstract of an arti�le by N.G. Gusev and G.G. Doroshenko: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 19,81, vyp 4/ /Text% This article suggests an approach to es~ablishing working maximums for RBG ejections, based upon the atatistical analysis of the actual ejections of an AES in conditions uf an established regime - of normal operation. It is demonstrated that the distribution of the normal RBG ejections is subject to a normal logarithmic law, which can be described by two parameters - the average geometric value and a standard deviation. This makes it possible to come up with techni- cally sound working maximums of normal ejections, without restricting _ the field of normal operation. UDC 621.039.76+502.7 THE ATOMIC POWER INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT /Abstract of an article by B.N. Laskorin, V.I. Zemlyanukhin, V.I. Karpov, M.Ye. Kemerova, N.S. Babayev, V.N. Shesterikov, and V.F. Demin: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, ~~yp 4/ /Text/ This article provides an evaluation of the influence of the rapidly developing nuclear power industry upon the environment. It describes the measures aimed at ensuring radiation safety of the nu- clear power cycle. A comparison is made of the effects of the nuclear and thermal power engineering upon the biosphere. unc 62~.039.58 MODELS FOR ESTIMATING THE INDIVIDUAL AND POPULATED DOSES CAUSED BY THE GAS AND AEROSOL EJECTIONS OF AN AES /Abstract of an article by N.G. Gusev and V.A. Belyayev: "Atomic Electric Power Stationa", 1981, vyp 47 /Text% This article outlines the models for estimating the individual and populated doses from the constant and one-time radioactive ejec- tions of an AES ~or all possible methods of effect. An original por- , tion of the research is the model for estimating doses in the food and biological chains, which to a certent extent decreases the tra- ditional difficulties connected with the migration of radionuclides throu~h the links of the various eco~.ogical systems. 11t FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 FOR OFF[C[AL USE ONLY UDC 621.039.58 A P05SIBLE APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM OF THE QUANTITATIVE COMPARISON AND SELECTION OF SITES FOR AN AES ~7 /Abstract of an article by A.A. Abagyarc, A.I. Glushchenko, S.I. Konchev, O.G. Patrov, and L.P. Kham'yanov': "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 4% /Text% This article offers a method for the quantitative evaluation and comparison of sites for AES's, based upon the use of the so-called "isopleth of probabiiity" around an AES, which makes it possible to estimate the "coefficient of quality" af a given site. This method is bas~d upon the results of processing of many years werth of stan- " dard weather observations and takes into consideration the distribu- tion of the population near an AES. The algorithm that has been de- veloped has been realized in a computer program called "Meteo". UDC 621.039.58 REGARDING THE PROBLEM OF STANDARDIZING METHODS FOR MONITORING THE RELEASE OF ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES INTO THE ENVIRONMENT. /Abstract of an article I~.I. Gedeonov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ The radioactive substances (RAV),created by atomic electric power stations, which enter the environment form fields of increased radiation as compared with the natural situation. The protection of the environment from intolerable pollution requires that norms be established for the release of RAV into the environment for each source. These norms must cover the concentration and amount of the radioactive substances that~are formed. This article discusses the need to standardize the methods for monitoring radioactive nuclides in the environment and the methods and conditions of the monitoring. UDC 621.039.58 SELECTION OF A METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE DISPERSAL OF RADIOACTIVE - ADMIRTURES RELEASED INTO THE ATMOSPHERE BY AN AES /Abstract of an article by A.I. Glushchenko, D.L. Laykhtman, G.A. Natanzon, O.G. Petrov,_and L.P. Kham'yanov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ This article analyzes the pluses and minuses of the presently 'u'sed methodologies for estimating the dispersal of admixtures in the atmosphere and provides recommQndations for the selection of the best methodology. As the analysis demonstrates, any methodology which is to evaluate the radiation situation around an AES must take ii~to con- sideration the specific features of the local weather conditions near the site of the AES. ~ 15 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-00850R040500050009-2 UDC 621.039.7 RADIATION POLLUTION OF WATER /Abstract of an article by L.I. Gedeonov, V.A. Blinov, L.M. Ivanova~ and I.M. Tsarikovskaya`s "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 47 /Text% This article provides a brief description of the sources of - radioactive pollution. It provides data on the content of radionuclides in the waters of the Dunay River up to the year 1976. It is shown that from 1971 through 1976 the main source ~f artificial radioactive substances into the Dunay River was the global fallout of products from nuclear explosions. The article cites the results of observa- tions of the change in the content of long-lived radionuclides in the waters of the Baltic Sea. The article reports on the discovery of a seasonal factor in the changes in the concentration of 90Sr in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean and provides an explanation for the causes of the phenomenon. UDC 621.311.25:621.039:621.3.06 EXPERIENCE IN THE DESIGNING OF AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR ATOMIC ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS /Abstract of an article by V.K. Sedov, B.F. Btisi~gin, O.V. Yeliseyeva, V.A. Mikhaylov: "Atomic Electric Power SYations", 1981, vyp 47 /Text/ This article discusses the specific directions being taken in the development of ai~tomated control systems of atomic electric power stations having VVER reactors. UDC 621.039.566 AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEM TP FOR THE FIRST SECTION OF THE KOL'SKAYA AES /Abstract of an article by A.P. Volkov, A.S. Dolgov, S.V. Zinov'yev, Ye.I. Ignatenko, Yu.P. Katasonov, Yu.V. Kolomtsev, Ye.F. Mel'nikov, V.R. Reznik, B.A. Trofimov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", l981 vyp 4/ /''rext/ This article o4tlines the problems associated with the TP automated control system (ASU TP) for the VVER-440 power unit. It grovides a list of the functions performed by the ASU TP and presents the improvement measures that have been carried out and that are planned for execution. 16 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY UDC 621.311.25:621.039:681,3:681.5 DEVELOPMFNT ~F COMF"REHENSIVE AUTOMATED SYSTEMS WITH A CONTROL ~ ~~MPUTF,it AT SUVIET ATOMIC ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS WITH CHANNEL REAGTORS /Abstract of an article by Yu.D. Proferanaov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ This article examines the stages in the development of compre- hensive automated systems with control computers with channel.reactors. It describes the special features of the composition of functions and the structure of the systems, which have been adopted at different stages. On the basis of the experience that has been accumulated the structure of a promising system is offered. UDC 621.039.506 ~ EXPERIENCE IN THE OPERATION OF AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEMS FQR THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES AT THE KOL'SKAYA AES /Abstract of an article by A.P. Volkov, Ye.I. Ignatenko, Yu.V. Kolomtsev, Ye.F. M~1'nikov, and B.A. Trofimov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 4/ /Text% This article outlines the experience of operating automated control systems for the power units of the Kol'skaya AES, at which equipment for measuring the neutron flow "Iney", the ARM-4 capacity regulator, and the APT a~tomatic turbine starter are in use. The article examines the basic shortcomings of the ASU TP and ways to do away with them. UDC 621.039.562:681.142.3 F.XPERIENCE IN THE USE OF AEM FOR DETERMINING THE PHYSICAL-TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POWER UNITS OF THE BILIBINSKAYA ATFTs /Abstract of an article by V.K. Abalakin, Ye.V. Dashkovskiy, N.I. Logosha, G.Ye. Soldatov, and F.T. Tukhvetov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 4% /Text% This article reviews the programs for using a computer to estimate the physical characteristics of the reactors now in use at the Bilibinskaya ATETs. It provides a detailed outline of the method- ology for monitoring the field of the release of energy in reactors usin~ a computer. The article also studies the efficiency of using computers to estimate the thermotechnical reliability of the core. There is a brief description of the layout of a specialized informa- tion and measuring system (IIS) and the program for computer proces- sing of the results of experiments using the IIS. 17 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 UDC 621.311.25:621.039.62-5 (001.24+001.8) ESTIMATI.IG AND ANALYZING THE TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC INDICATORS IN AN ASU TP 0~' A POWER UNIT WITH A VVER-440 Rr':ACTOR /Ab~tract of an article by N.N. Borisova, L.P. Zhidkova, N.F. Komarov, V.K. Litvinov, V.N. Ruzankov, V.I. Sen'kin, and A.A. Spirina: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 4% /Text% This article outlines the procedure for estimating the actual and standard technical-economic indicators of a power unit with a VVER-440 reactor. It provides an enlarged structural diagram of the esimate. It describes the methods for gathering, p~ocessing and moni- toring the reliability of the initial information. An analysis of the thermal economy of the equipment is performed by comparing the actual and standard indicators. The information is provided to personnel in the form of a blank form. UDC 621.039.564.3 REGARDING THE PROBLEM OF THE TOPOLOGICAL OPTIMIZATION OF THE NETS FOR PROCESSING AND TRANSMITTING DATA WHEN DEVELOPING THE ASU-ATOM /Abstract of an artic:e by V.P. Gal'berg: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 4/ - /Text% This article examines some optimization problems that arise in developing the AS;J of an industrial association (ASU-ATOM), in par- ticular the evaluation of the economically optimal atructure for plac- ing the computer centers and the means for trans.mitting data. UDC 621.039.562:681.142.3 AUTOMATED EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION BETWEEN THE COMPUTERS OF ATOMIC ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS~~AND S~IENTIFIC CENTERS ~Abstract of an article by I.Ya. Yemel'yanov, A.D. Zh~irnov, V.V. Postnikov, Ye.A. Starostin: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 4~ /Text7 This article describes possible layouts for the control of AES's using two computer complexes - an internal and an external, which are joined together using the "Akkord" system. The article demonstrates the need to organize an automated system for the exchange of data far these complexes. 18 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED F~R RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY UDC 621.311.25;621.039+/681.3.06/ ORGANIZING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWAAE FOR A FUTURE AES CONTROL SYSTEM [Abstract of an article by V. N. Okhotin, G.P. Komarov, V.V. Zonov, and V. A. Zhil'tsov: "Atomic Electric Power Statione," 1981, vyp 4] , JText/ In connection with the proposed use of direct digital control (PTsU) by the executive organs (the electric motor and the cut-off and regulating fittings, etc.) in future systems for contr.ulling an AES with the use of modern layout solutions, a distriburion structure of the control digital computers (TsVM), the newest machematical methods for controlling, the highly-reliable devices, the ~elecoded exchange and transmittai ai ~ata, the reflection and technical documenting and other technical mean~ for the automation and combining with a facility, this article discusses the technology ~or developing software (MO) according to the methodology for the creat?on of large technical sys- tems (BTS). The deve~opment of a set of programs is examined as the routine process of designing. In determining the criteria for effici- ency the following obtain: the basic component of designing is the subprogram as a manufactured article; the degree of complexity is the total number of commands; the outlays are in the estimate per command; the labor productivity of the programme s(algorithm ~ompilers) is in the number. of commands per day per man. This article examines the out- lays by type of work in relation to the number of collectives engaged in a single project, questions having to do with organizing the collec- tive and the coordination of its work. The article also�provides a possible net schedule for the development of a set of control programs of the future AES control system. , UllC 621.311.39+621.311.165-52 = PROBLEMS IN THB COMPRF.HENSIVE AUTOMATION OF PROCESSES AT AN AES /Abstract of an article by A.V. Naumovs "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 4/ /Text/ This article deals with the importance of performing theoreti- cal research in the field of AES automat:ion and outlines the practical tasks which must first be solved. Unc 621.039.566 AUTOi9ATED REGULATION OF THE CAPACITY OF LARGE POWER REACTORS /Abstract of an article by V.N. Sarylov, F.F. Voskresenksiy, P.T. Potapenko, and V.G. Dunayev: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 4 / /'I'ext/ This artiele examines the problems of estimating the use of ri~odium direct charge detectors as neutron gauge for the system that automatically regulates the integral capacity of an RBMK reactor of the Chernobyl'skaya AES. The flow of the ionized chambers of the �standard regaiating systetn.is adjusted according to the readings of the internal reactor monitor taking into consideration the spatial redistribution of the neutron flow. The article provdes the results ~~f estir~a*es of the transfer processes of regulation at different perturbations. The article also deals with the situations in which ~hc n~:utr~n flaw gauge are out of order. ly FOR OFFICIA,L USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 UDC 621.039.562 = SYSTEM-RELATED PROBLEMS IN CREATING AN EXPERIMENTAL MEASURING COMPLEX FOR THE LENINGRAD AES /Abstract of an article by P.A. Gavrilov and M.N. Mikhaylov: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981~ vyp 4T /Text% This article provides a list of the functions, requirements and the justification for the selection of a structure. It examines in detail the prob~ems of organizing the communications channels with sources of the signals and other systems. The article also deals with the special fe�atures of an experimental measur~ement complex. UDC 621.311.25:621.039.56 I ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND POSSIBLE WAYS TO,IMPROVE THE CONTROL SYSTEMS ~ OF POWER UNITS WITH VVER REACTORS /Abstract of an article by A.V. Naumov, B.F. Busygin, V.A. MikhaYlov, and O.S. Gorelova: "AtoLlic Electric Power Stations", 1981 vyp 4/ /Text7 This article provides a brief analysis of existing automated control systems for the technological processes of VVER-440 power - units at the Novovoronezheakaya AES; it also provides information on the planned specific directions for their further improvement. The article also provides evaluations of the economic efficiency. UDC 621.039.564.3 RADIATION ERROR OF THE PRIMARY ~EMPERATURE GAUGES USED IN AES CONTROL SYSTEMS /Abstract of an article by S.O. Slesarevskiy, M.N. Korotenko, V.S. Lyubarskiy, V.P. Pavlenko, V.A. Snigerev, S.S. Stel'makh, and A.V. Tkachenko: "Atomic Electric Power Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ /Text/ This article provides a classification of the errors of the thermoelectrical convertors which operate in the zone of ionized ra- diation. Uifferentiation is made in the factors by the~extent of their influence upon the error in t~mperature measurement. An evalu- ation is made of the influence of the heat exchange on the radiation error of the thermoelectric convertors. The article also provides a discussion of the results of experiments that have been made. The radiation error of the primary gauges is classified as systematic. , 20 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY UDC 621.039.564.3 , AN EVALUATION OF THE LOWER LIMIT OF THE NEEDED COMPUTER CAPAC~TY OF A POWER STATION COMPUTER CENTER FOR AN AES WITH RBMK REACTORS /Abstract of an article by V.P. Gal'berg: "Atomic Electric,Power` Stations", 1981, vyp 4/ ~ /Text/ A limited amount of direct control over the distribution of the release of energy for the core and the limited computer possibili- ties of a unit system for the centralized control leads to the neces- sity of performing timely and precise neutron-physical estimates (NFR). To determine the necessary capacity of a station computer center a statistical approach is recommended, which is based upon the theory of mass servicing systems (6M0). It is demonstrated that the neces- sary computer capacity for carrying out NFR for one RBMK power unit is approximately .02 to .OS million operations per second. COPYRIGHT: E~iargoizdat, 1981 8927 CSO: 1822/58 21 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500450009-2 rvw vcrwar.a. vvc vi~a.a ELECTRIC POWER TASKS OF POWER WORKERS 1N 1982 UETAILED Moscow ELEKTRICHESKIYE STANTSII in Russian No 1, Jan 82 pp 2-3 [Article: '~Tasks of Power Workers in 1982"] . [TextJ The development of the power industry in 1982 will be carried out on the basis of a new power-ge*.ieration program established by the "Basic Directions for the Economic and Soc{al Development of the USSR in 1981-1985 and the Period to 1990" and in con~unction with the plan for the development of the USSR's economy in 1981-1985 adopted by the sixth session of the tenth cor~vocation of the USSk Supreme Soviet. The labors of power-industry workers in 1982 must be directed toward the . accelerated development of nuclear and hydroelectric power plants and the supply of electric and thermal power to the economy at a rate determined by the apecif ied scale of industrial production and energy conservation in a11 sectors of the economy. The Soviet economy has continued f orw~rd in its development. In the f irst year of the llth Five-Year Plan, national revenues increased by 3.4 percent in comparison with 1980, while the volume of industrial production rose by 4.1 percent. Within the structur~ of electric-power production, a further increase has taken place in the relative share of power production due to nuclear power plants, with a certain reduction in that portion due to thermal electric-power stations. This is in accordance with the resolution adopted by the 26th CPSU Congress f or the develop- ment of the power industry. The amount of power generated by all electric power stations rose by 36 billion kWh over the last year, or 2.8 percent, including an 18.2 percent.increase at AES's and 1 percent at TES's. Uut of ~he 1,330 b illion kWh produced by all electric= power stations in 1981, KES's and TETs's produced 1,063 b illion kWh (79.9 percent), GES's produced 181 billion kWh (13.6 percent) and AES's 86 billion kWh (6.5 percent).* The production of electric power at AES`s and GES's in 1981 was equivalent to the reduction of conventional (fossil) fuel consumption by approximately 85 million tons. More than 92 percent of all electric power was generated by electric-power stations in the USSR Ministry of Power and Electrif ication. , * Henceforth we wi11 present preliminary estimates with respect to the execution of tasks for 1981. 22 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-00850R040500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAI. USE ONLY The production of thermal power by centralized sources amounted to 2,315 million Gcal. It rose by 55 million Gcal in comparison with 1980, with a further increase in that ~ portion of thermal power supplied by centralized 5ources. The output of thermal power from TETs's likewise increased. It amounted to 1,170 million Gcal, including almost 900 million Gcal f rom USSR Minenergo TETs's. More than 10 million kW of new capacities were commissioned at the couritry's~elecl:~ic power stations in 1981, approximately 4 million kW of which were commissioned at GES's and AES's. New capacities were introduced at the Leningrad AES, which reached its design output--4 million kW--and is now the largest AES in the USSR. New turbo- generators were commissioned at the Sayano-Shushenskaya GES and at the Cheboksarskaya, Nizhne-Kamskaya, Kurpsayskaya and other hydroelectric stations. The following were introduced at thermal electric-power stations: two 500 MW power units at the Ekibastuz GRES-1 and the f irst 300-MW power units at the Azerbaijan GRES, the Zuyevskaya GRES-2 and aC other GRES's and TETs's. The i.nstalled capacity of electric-power stations at the end o� 1981 exceeded 277 million kW, of which more than 232 million kW (84 percent of total installed capa- city at electric-power stations) was incorporated into the USSR's Unif ied Power System. The production of electric power by these stations amounted to about 1,175 .billion kWh (88.3 percent of the countxy's total output). The extent of new transmission lines of 35-kV capacity and greater was increased ~y almost 25,000 km and reached 793,000 km. Great new tasks in the development of our country's economy have been set for 1982-- the second year of the llth Five-Year Plan. National revenues wi11 increase by 2.6 percent in comparison with 1981. The volume of industrial production wi11 grow by 4.7 percent. In accordance with the approved State plan for the economic and social development of the USSR for 1982 and the recently adopted resolutions of the CPSU Central Committee and the USSR Council of Ministers on the economical expenditure of resources, the production of electric and thermal power for 1982 has been set at 1,365 billion kWh (based on the envisioned conservation of 48 billion kWh and 124 million Gcal in the economy), and the output of thermal power from centralized sources will be 2,365 Gcal. Of this, the electric~power stations of the USSR Minenergo will gener- ate 1,259 billion kWh (92.2 percent) and 925 million Gcal (39.1 percent). The increase in the production of electric power in 1982 with respect to the volume oi ~roduction in 1981 will amount to 35 billion kWh, or 2.6 percent. This wi11 be insured through the generation of power at AES's and GES's. The absalute pro- duction of electric power by thermal electric-pawer stations is being kept at the 1981 level and is envisioned on the order of 1,063 billion kWh. The production � at nuclear power stations will be 107 b illion kWh (8 percent) and 195 billion kWh (14.6 percent) at hydroelectric plants. VThe increase in the ou.tput of thermal power will amount to 66 miliion gCa1, or 3 percent. The utilization of secondary and low-grade discharge heat will increase in 1982 to 140 m~llion Gcal (about 120 million Gcal were v.tilized in 1981). 23 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 In 1982, as previously, the demand for electric power in agriculture and in municipal economies will increase at a most rapid pace. Out of 126 billion kWh to b e used in agriculture, provisions have been made to expend 96 b illion kWh on production needs. This will make it possible to increase to 4,250 kWh the electric power available to workers in agriculture. There will alsd be an increase in the expenditure of electric energy for the municipal needs of the village, which will amount to more than 300 kWh per village inhabitant (a rise - of 6 percent). Provisions have been made to expend 970 kWh per urban resident in - 1982. This f igure includes an increase in interapartment consumption to 365 kWh (an increase of 3 percent) . The extent of electrification of the workers' labor in industry wi11 increase by 2 percent in comparison with 1981. In the country's eastern regions (to the east of the Urals), provisions have been made to generate 390 billion kWh in 1982, as opposed to 375 billion in 1981. This _ increase of 4 percent will increase the eastern regions' share of production to 28.6 percent. The fastest rates of' increase in the production of electric power in 1982 will come about due to the assimilation of capabilities introduced in 1981 and the introduction of others in 1982--in the Uzbek SSR (by 3.5 percent), in the Kazakh SSR (by 12.6 percent), in the Azerbaijan SSR (by 10 percent) and in the Kirghiz - SSR (by 3.6 percent). An increase in capital investment (with expected implementation in 1981) of 8 percent and a 15 percent increase in the volume of construction and installation work is provided for in the plan for capital construction in the electric--power industry for 1982, drawn up on the basis of the primary directions for the development of the industry resulting from the resolutions of the 26th CPSU Congress. The amount of capacity to be commissioned is determined on the basis of: the assurance of the planned volume of energy; the degree of construction readiness of power-production facilities by the end of 1981; the creation of the necessary degree of readiness by the end of 1981, in particular, for the introduction of not less than 5 million kW at AES's in 1983; an increase in power-system reserve capacity in 1982 to 8.5~9,0 percent, and the commissioning of 34,000 km of transmission lines rated at 35 kV and greater. This will include more than 10,000 km f rom capital investment in the agricultural sector. In this case, primary attention wili be devoted to the commissioning of high-capacity lines that insure the delivery of power from electric-power stations and increase the reliability of power-system operation. Based on the execution of the above--mentioned tasks, the commissioning of capacities throughout the country on the whole wi11 amount to 8.5 million kW, including 8.1 million kW throughout the USSR Minenergo. 2L~ FOR OFF[CIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-04850R000500050009-2 FOR OFF7CIAL USE ONLY � Provisions have been made to introduce the following: 1 million-kW power units,at a number of AES's; the last two 200,000-kW uni~ts at the Kurpsayskaya GES; the f irst unit at the Shamkhorskaya GES; seven 78,OOO~kW units at the Cheboksarskaya and. Nizhne-Kamskaya GES's; and others. ~ The installed capacity of all the country's electric-power stat~ons is approximately 285 million kW, including 56 million kW at GES's, 17 to 18 million kW at AES's,, 195 million kW at TETs's and 10 million Kw at diesel and other types of elecCric- power stations. The expenditures per ruble of commercial praduct and the prof its from industrial activity are a combined indicator of electric-power production efficiency. In 1982, these indicators were determined throughout the USSR Minenergo based upon accepted volumes and the structure of electric-power generation, the output of thermal power, the structure of the fuel supply to electric-power stations, the established unit expenditures of conventional fuel per kWh at the station's busbars (324 g) and per Gcal of heat released from TETs collectors (172.1 kg) and the introduction of f ixed industrial capital. Expenditures per ruble of commercial production in 1982 will be 79.81 kopecks, an increase of u.77 percent in comparison with 1980. This will insure revenues on the order of 4.75 b illion rubles. Capital productivity amounts to 25.4 kopecks with a value of f ixed capital at year's end of almost 89 billion rubles. A reduction of capital productivity of 7 percent in comparison with 1980 is associated with the increase in the cost per kW of com- missioned electric-power station capacity brought about by a doubling of the share produced by more expensive nuclear and hydroelectric power stations, as well as an increase in the share of thermal electric-power stations under construction in regions of Kazakhstan and Siberia and designed to burn 1ow-grade coa1. The capital available per industrial production worker amounts to mo~e than 140,000 rubles and will increase by 11.3 percent in comparison with 1980. Labor productivity - for this period will likewise increase by 2.8 percent. Soviet power engineers have entered the llth Five-Year Plan armed with an efficient program of actions formulated in the resolutions of the 26th CPSU Congress. The most important tasks for the power engineers are the guarantee of a reliable supply of quality electric and thermal power to the economy, an increase in the efficiency of power production and the creation of the necessary reserve capacities in power systems. Particular attention must be devoted to the timely introduction of capa- ~ cities at electric-power'stations and networks and to the sharp increase in the ~itilization of capacities on. hand at eiectric-power stations, without allowing, ui particular, the "cut-off" of newly introduced capacities. The accelerated development of nuclear power stations in the country's European sector and thermal electric-power stations, particularly in regions of concentrated construction in Siberia, Yakutiya and Kazakhstan, is of the greatest signif icance. This requires the creation of. a stable construction-and-installation work f orce aud the further increase in the construction industry's level of inechanization, the most rapid introduction of high-speed flow-type construction and the guaranteed commissioning in 1982 of capacities at construction industry installations being btixa.tt co Su1 nOT't the construction of nuclear power plants and power-production in- ~:allations in the Ekibastuz, Kansko-Achinsk and Western Siberian fuel and power complexes. 25 FOR OFFiCIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 At this modern stage of our economy's development, when the maximum conservation of material resources in the national economy is being examined with good reason as a most important State undertaking and the task of conserving all types of energy resources advances to the forefront, the duty of all power workers is not only to utilize carefully fuel and electric and thermal power at enterprises in the power systems but also to increase control over the conservation of energy resources on the part of consuu,:rs in order to insure the conservation of electric and thermal power to the degree stipulated in the plan for 1982. COPYRIGHT: Energoizdat, "Elektricheskiye stantsii", 1982 9512 CSO: 1822/85 26 FOR OF'FICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FUELS TRENDS, OUTLOOK IN AUTOMATED COAL ERTRACTION . Kiev BEZLYUDNAYA VYIIrIItA UGLYA in Russian 1980 (signed to press 30 Oct 80) 1-2, 178-188 [Annotation, table of contents and abstracts from book "Automated Coal Extraction: Collection of Scientific Works," Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics, Izdatel'stvo "Naukova dumka", 600 copies, 188 pages] [TextJ This collection presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies to create technical means of automated coal extraction from thin steep beds. Con- siderable attention is focused on one ~f the new trends in mining machine construc- tion, creation of inechanized timbering based on rubberized-core pneumatic shells. Production plans and design solutions are suggested which are aimed at improving the reliability of the mechanized complexes. The basic trends are presented for the development of technology of stoping operations and the creation of ineans of com- prehensive mechanization in working steep beds of the Donbass in 1980-1990. It is designed for scientific and engineering-technical workers engaged in problems of comprehensive mechanization with automated coal extraction. CONTENTS Page Comprehensive Mechanization of Coal Extraction Poturayev, V. M. Basic Scientific and Technical Problems of Working Thin Steep Beds of the Donbass 3 Chervcx~.enko, A. G.; Guzchenko, V. T.; and Koval', A. V. Mechanized Complex for Working off Thin Steep Beds Based on Pneumatic Timbering 12 Koval', A. V.; Guzchenko, V. T.; Gavril'chenko, I. K.; and M alyarenko, Ye. D. Study of Stability of r~ovement of Mechanized Pneumatic Tim- bering with Change in Gypsometi; of Bed 20 Gavril'chenko, I.. K.; and Agapov, M.. D. Study of the Process of Shifting , in Pnewnatic-Cylinder Timbering~ . 27 Koval', A. V. Stability of Movement of Mechanized Timbering 35 Cherv~:enko, A. G.; Tsaregorodtsev, Ye. A.; Gurin, I.. A.; Kharchenko, [V. N.; and M alyarenko, Ye. D. Test-Stand Test of Mechanized Pneumatic Timbering 40 Voloshin, A. I. Determination of Length of the Vibration Section of Transport Pipeline of Chamber Laying Machine 45 27 . FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 rvia vrr~~,iHa. UOG V1rLY Belobrov, V. I.; and Smirnova, 0. I. Technique of Theoretical Study of Dynamic Processes of Selection of Efficient Parameters of Pneumatic System of Pneumatic Cylinder Timbering 51 8elobrov, V. I. Calculation of the Forces of Cutting, Traction and Rate of Advance of Face �ahen Finishing off Coal Beds by Cable Saws 59 Litvinov, Yu. G.; Gudz', V. P.; and Shevchik, N. P. Testing of Special Pneumatic Timbering . gp Nikolenko, N. A.; and Rakhutin, G. S. Study of Reliability of Soft Shells of Pneumatic Timbering 84 Stepanovich, G. Ya.; I1'in, A. I.; Nikolenko, N. A.; and Oreshkov, V. V. Outlook for Use of Long-Dimensional Shells of Tubular Shape in Auto- mated Extraction 90 Sveshnikov, I. A.; Virovets, L. N.; Zab olotnyy, S. D.; and Bespalov, S. F. - Studies of Energy-Intensity of Breaking up Large Coal with Cutters of - Different Geometry of the Front Surface 95 Technology of Working Dokukin, A. J. Current State and Basic Technical Directions for Develop- ment of Technology of Stoping Operation and Creation of Meana of Com- prehensive Mechanization in Working Steep Beds of the Central Region of the Donbass for 1980-1990 99 Poturayev, V. N.; Glushko, V. T.; Yalanskiy, A. A.; Kurnosov, A. T. Heading Finishing Off of Steep Beds of the Donbass 107 ' Lipkovich, S. M.; Bratishko, A. S.; Kucher, A. T.; and Tsyapa, N. A. New Directions of Technology of Working Steep Beds of the Donbass 119 Sapitskiy, K. F.; Dorokhov, D. V.; and Bondarenko, Yu. V. New Techno- logical Solutions for Automated Extraction of Thin and Average Thick- ness Steep Beds 124 Myaken'kiy, V. I. Effect of Extracting Thin Beds and Filling Worked Space with Parameters of Degasification of Converged Beds 132 Stepanovich, G. Ya. Control of Mining Pressure by Pneumatic Timbering on Thin Steep Beds 136 Gretsinger, B. Ye.; and Borovskiy, A. V. Study of Aerodynamic Para- meters of Stoping Faces with Mechanized Pneumatic Timbering 145 Kolokolov, 0. V.; and Kuz'menko, A. M. Selection of Technological Plan of Filling with Use of Mechanized Timbering 149 Zorin, A. N.; Kashtanov, A. I.; Svetlichnyy, V. N.; and Tuchin, V. A. = Study of the E~fect of Stoping Operations with Combine Extraction on Intensely-Deformed State of Near-Face Section of Coal Bed 158 Shapoval, N. A. Certain Practical Solutions of Controlling the Para- meters of Manifestation of Mining Pressure 162 Strizhiboroda, S. K. Preparation of Steep Beds on Ventilation Levels of Mines of the Central Region of the Donbass 167 Orlov, A. V. Question of Timberwork and Control of Mining Pressure in Automated Coal Extraction 170 Ivanov, V. S. Possibility of Controlling Condition of Near-Face Part of Coal Bed in Automated Coal Extraction 174 28 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-40854R040500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY UDC 622.063.46:622.03-118:622.238 Basic Scientific and Technical Problems of Working Thin Steep Beds of the Donbass, Poturayev~, V. M., pp 3-12. This work substantiates the need for working thin steep beds and presents the dyna- mics for extracting coal from these beds according ro the Ukrainian SSR-Ministry of the Coal Industry in the period from 1971 to 1977, and the level of inechanization of the stoping operations. It outlines the basic scientific and technical tasks associated with creating highly productive mechanized complexes which guarantee the possibility of extracting coal without the constant presence of people in the face. Three tables, two bibliographic entries. UDC G22.063.46:622.274 Mechaniz~d Complex for Working off Thin Steep Beds Based on Pneumatic Timbering, Chervonet.ko, A. G.; Guzchenko, V. T.; and Koval', A. V., pp 12-19. Substantiation for the basic plan of a complex o� machines for finishing off thin steep beds is presented. The basic results are presented from test-stand and theor- etical studies of a kinematic plan of pneumatic timbering. Two illustrations. UDC 622.063.46:622.285 Study of Stability of Movement of Mechanized Pneumatic Timbering with Change in Gypsometry o� Bed, Koval', A. V.; Guzchenko, V. T.; Gavril'chenko, I. K.; and Malyarenko, Ye. D., pp 19-27. Results are presented from studies on stability of movement of inechanized pneumatic timbering with regard for the elastic properties of the support and base construc- tion components with a change in gypsometry of the bed. Recommendations are made for selection of the longitudinal rigidity and a number of timliering sections in which bed gypsometry does not have an influence on the stability of timbering move- ment. Three illustrations, one table. UDC 6?2.281 Study cf the Process of Shifting in Pneumatic-Cylinder ~imbering, Gavril'- chenko, I.. K.; and Agapov, M. D., pp 27-35. A calculated plan is selected and substantiated for sections of pneumatic-cylinder timbering. Analytical relationships are obtained and studied for determining the stresses of advance of the pneumatic timbering section. A numerical calculation ~ is presented for the stresses of section advance. Six illustratians, one table, tY~o bibliographic entries. 29 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED F~R RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 rux ~rr~~iwi, u~~, urvLY UDC 622.063.46:622.285 Stability of Movement of Mechanized Timbering, Koval', A. V., pp 35-39. Questions are examined of the stability of movement of inechanized timbering with regard for the elastic properties of the basic construction components. In the example of inechanized pneumatic timbering developed in the Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics. It is shown that elastic deforma- ' tions in a beam caused by stresses of advance can result in a loss of movement sta- bility. ~ao bibliographic entries. UDC 622.063.46:622.285 Test-Stand Test of Mechanized Pneumatic Timbering, Chervonenko, A. G.; Tsaregoro- dtsev, Ye . A.; G urin, Z. A. ; Kharchenko, N.. N.. ; and Malyarenko, Ye . D. , pp 40-45 . Experimental data are obtained on the performance capacity of a kinematic plan of timbering. The stresses of advance are defined and a dependence is established for the stress of advance of sections on their quantity. The time of filling and emp- tying of the pneumatic cylinders of the timbering sections is defined. Four illustrations.. UDC 621.867.84 Determination of Length of the Vibration Section of Transport Pipeline of Chamber Laying Machine, Voloshin, A. I., pp 45-51. A calculated plan is suggested for the movement of the filling material when load- ing from a chamber into the transport pipeline. Calculations are presented for the relationships of determining the parameters of movement of the filling material in the function of its physical~mechanical pro~erties and parameters of the fillirig machine. Graphic relationships are presented for the study of movement of the flux of filling material in the chamber vibration filling machine. Four illustrations, four bibliographic entries. UDC 622.016.62:622.285 Technique of Theoretical Study of Dynamic Proceasea of Selection of Efficient Para- meters of Pneumatic System and Pneumatic Cylinder Timbering, Belobrov, V. I.; and Smirnova, 0. I., pp 51-58. A technique is derived for theoretical study of dynamic processee and selection of efficient parameters of a pneumatic system of pneumatic cylinder timbering. A sys- - tem is compiled of differential equations for determining the time of filling and output of compressed air from the pneumatic system with regard for the change in the volumes of the cylinders, their rigidity, the regimes of air eff lux. This sys- tem makes it possible to determine the eff icient lengths and diameters of the pipe- lines in a pneumatic system. 30 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500450009-2 FOR (~FFICIAL USE ONLY Three illustrations, two bibliographic entries. UDC 622.232.472 Calculation of the Forces of Cutting, Traction and Rate of Advance of Face when Finishing off Coal Beds by Cable Saws, Belob~cov, V. I., pp 59-80. A technique is suggested for computing the forces applied to the links of the cut- ting tool, the total force developed by the friction tool, and the thickness of the coal chip to be cut by each link and by the entire cutting tool in one cycle and any duration of time. Numerical xesults are presented for calculations of the indi- cated parameters with different plans and lengths of the working stroke of the cut- ting tool, as a function of the force of preliminary tension of the cutting tool by a long-stroke cable saw. Six illustrations, seven tables. UDC 622.063.46:622.28 Testing of Special Pneumatic Timbering, Litvinov, Yu. G.; Gudz', V. P.; and Shevchik, N. P., PP 80-83. Results are presented of industrial tests of experimental samples of multiple- chamber pneumatic chocks PM-2 and PM-3. Results of the conducted experiments on the pneumatic chocks of the PM type confirm the effectiveness of the new type of mining timbering made of soft shells and made it possible to establish the advantages as compared to the series-ymanufactured pneu- matic cylinder set chocks of the type PK. UDC 622,063.46:622.28 Study of Reliability of Soft Shells of Pneumatic Timbering, Nikolenko, N. A.; and Rakhutin, G. S., pp 84-90. Soft shells are used as the load-bearing elements in pneumatic chocks and experi- mental samples of inechanized pneumatic timbering. In testing the manufactured shells, as well as the shells which were used in dif- ferent mining-geological conditions of mines of the Ukrainian Donbass for 1-4 years, ttie number of breakdowns was set, and their causes were defined. A number of tech- nological and design solutions are suggested which are aimed at improving the reli- able operation of the soft shells. Two illustrations. UDC 622,063.46:622.285 Outlook for Use of Long-Dimensional Shells of Tubular Shape in Automated Extraction, Stepanovich, G. Ya.; I1'in, A. I.; Nikolenko, N. A.; and Oreshkov, V. V., pp 90-95. 31 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED F~R RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 rux ~rri~iwL u~r. ~NLY Analytical studies are conducted of different designs of long-dimension shells of tubular shape. An optimal design is selected for the shell for mechanized pneu- matic timbering. Results are presented of test-stand, and mining tests of large- timber shells. Two illustrations, four bibliographic entries. UDC 622.232.75:622.236 Studies of Energy-Intensity of Breaking up Larg~ Coal with Cutters of Different Geometry of the Front Surface, Sveshnikov, I. A.; Virovets, L. N.; Zab.olotnyy, S. D.; and Bespalov, S. F., pp 95-98. Results are presented from studying the energy-intensity of breaking down strong coals by cutters with different geometry of the front surface with cutting velocity to 1 m/s which is characteristic for chip extraction. Recommendations are made for developing new chip tools for breaking down strong coals. One illustration, one table, three bibliographic entries. UDC 622.063.46:622.03-118:622.232.8 Current State and Basic Technical Directions for Development of Technology of Stoping Operation and Creation of Means of Comprehensive Mechanization in Working Steep Beds of the Central Region of the Donbass for 1980-1990, Dokukin, A. V., pp 99-106. A brief analysis is made of the condition of the mechanized extraction of steep beds in the central region of the Donbass according to extent and drop in the beds. The basic technical directions are presented for the development of technology of stoping operations and creation of ineans of comprehensive mechaniaation in the working of steep beds of the Donbass in 1980-1990. The bas.ic works are examined from the Institute of Mining imeni A. A. Skochinekiy which were done for mechani- zation of steep beds. UDC 622.831 Heading Finishing Off of Steep Beds of the Donbass, Poturayev, V. N.; Glushko, V. T.; Yalanskiy, A. A.; and Kurnosov, A. T., pp 107-119. An examination is made of the features of manifestation of mining preasure when fin- ishing off steep explosive coal beds by bands for descent. Result$ are presented from studying the interaction of lateral rocks with the timbering of the heading units, means of controlling the mining pressure and improving the heading extraction. Five illustrations, three bibliographic entries. UDC 622.063.46:622~03-118 New Directions of Technology of Working Steep Beds of the Donbass, Lipkovich, S. M.; Bratishko, A. S.; Kucher, A. T.; and Tsyapa, N. A., pp 119-123. 32 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-04850R000500050009-2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY It is suggested that thin and average thickness steep beds be finished off with the ' use of a diagonal system of working which makes it possible to improve the planning of mining operations and the technical-economic indicators in working steep beds. Three illustrations, four biblio~raphic entries. UDC 622.063.46:622.03-118 New Technological Solutions for Automated Extraction of Thin and Average Thickness Steep Beds, Sapitskiy, K. F.; Dorokhov, D. V.; and Bondarenko, Yu. V., pp 124-131. New technological plans of automated coal extraction are presented in the first case by suspended impulse hydraulic monitors, and second with the use of the energy of sudden discharges of coal and gas. These plans are in the draft of the mine of the future for working thin steep beds. Three illustrations, one table. UDC 622.063.46:622.831.325.3 Effect of Extracting Thin Beds and Filling Worked Space with Parameters of Degasi- fication of Converged Beds, Myaken'kiy, V. I., pp 132-136. An analysis is made of the effect of extracting thin beds and filling the worked space on degasification of the interfering mass of mining rocks and the converged coal beds, and the change in gas balance of the extracting sections. A decrease is noted in the radii of degasification and increase in the gradients of gas pressure with an increase in the effective output of the excavated bed. One table, eight bibliographic entries. UDC 622.063.46:622.83:622-03-118 Control of Mining Pressure by Pneumatic Timbering on Thin Steep Beds, Stepanovich, G. Ya., pp 135-145. Studies are made of the working characteristics.of pneumatic timbering in a compar- ison with other types of ineans of timbering and controlling mining pressure. It is substantiated that the pneumatic soft force element belongs in design to the exten- sion-type timberings, and in working characteristics to timberings of constant and increasing resistance. It is proven that pneumatic timbering is a means of control- ling mining pressure. A physical model is presented of the nature of interaction of special pneumatic timbering with the lateral rocks and the near-face part of the emission-dangerous coal bed. � ~tao illustrations, four bibliographic entries. UDC 622.063.46:622.285 . 5tudy of Aerodynamic Parameters of Stoping Faces with Mechanized Pneumatic Timbering, Gretsinger, B. Ye.; and Borovskiy, A. V., pp 145-149. 33 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050009-2 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/02109: CIA-RDP82-00854R000500050009-2 1'Vn V['~~~