JPRS ID: 10713 JAPAN REPORT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000500090010-6
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 52
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 10
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/ 10713 .
5 August. 1982
Ja an R~ ort
p p
CFOUO 49/82)~
_ Fg~~ FOREIGN BROADCAST INF~RIVIr^.TION SERVICE
C~
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JPRS L/10713
5 August 1982
JAPAN REPORT
(FOUO 49/82)
~ CONTENTS
POLITICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL
'ZENEI' [VANGUARD] Tablp of Contents for May, June, July 1982
(ZEr~ I, May 82) 1
ECONOMIC
Trade F:iction May Now Involve Rice
(MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, 8 Ju1 82) 4
Trade Surplus With U.S. Predicted
(MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, 4 Jul 82) 5
MITI Orders 5 Percent Cutback in Oil Production
(MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, 3 Jul 82) 6
Tax Increase Planned in Fiscal '83 . '
(THE iDAILY YOMIUItI, varxous datea) 7
Tax Increase Planned After Shortfalls '
Finance Ministry Plana To Introduce New Taxes
Yen's Slip Partly Blamed on D-Mark
(MAINICHI DAILY IdEWS, 3 Jul 82) 9
Toyota Merger, Strategy Changes Diacussed
(MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, 2 Jul 82) 10
- Automobile Export Hit by World Slump
(MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, 3 Jul 82) 12
VTR Exports Fall; Culor TVs Sti~l in Decline
(MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, 1 Jul 82) 13
Steelmakers' Price Riae Reported
' (MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, 1 Jul 82) 14
Briefs
Auto Exports 15
_ a _ [III - ASIA - 111 FOUO]
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Japan Restricts Export of JNL's Technology to USSR
(NIHON KEIZAI SHIMBUN, 30 Jun 82) 16
Largest Fuel Cell Plant To Start in Fall �
(MAINIC'dI DAILY NEWS, 3 Jul 82) 18
Deaign, Fabrication of 1 Megabit Bubble Memoiy
(Takeyasu Yanase, et al.; FUJITSU SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL
JOURNAL, No 2, 1982) 19
- b -
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POLIT?CAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL
~
'ZENEI' [VANGUARD] TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR MAY, JUNE, JULY 1982
May Issue
Tokyo ZENEI (VANGUARD] in Japanese May 82 P 1
[Text] ~Table of Contents
~.f
Dangerous Tendency in a I~imited Nuclear War .......................Shoji Niihara
UN Conference on Disarmament and the Grassroots Movement............Hideo Ikeda
Reagan's Aggravating Demands to Japan ........................Yoshinori Yoshioka
Crisis of Constitutional Politics ................................Satoshi Narita
Unccnstitutionality of the Administrative Refo~? Line...........Toshio Sakayori
Critique of Japanese-Type "Cabinet Politics" ..................Masayasu Hasegawa
`
Today's Revolutionary Heroism ......................................Takeshi Hama
What Do We Mean by Leadership of the Party Organ? ................Tsutomu Ysikino
' LDP Politics of the 1980's and the Position of Education.....Yoshitaka Nakamata
The Road to Coercive Control of Teachers ............................Koichi Arai
The Theory of "Educational Reform" as a ..............Tsutomu Yamaguchi
Response to the Demands of Business
Some Scenes From the Atom Bomb ...................................Tetsuo Shibano
Tiie 60-Year Tradition of Suiheisha and the Contemporary Era....Yoshio Nakanishi
'ftle Forgotten People of Today: Japanese Remaining in China.....Yukie Nishiguchi
CUPYRIGHT: Nihon Kyosan-To Chuo Iinkai 1982
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June Issue ~
Tokyo ZENEI [VANGUARD] in Japanese Jun 82 p 1 _
[Text] Table of Contents
The Genealogy of Disarmament and the Problem~ of the
Contemporary Era .........................:...................Yoshinori Yoshioka
Self-Deception in the Japanese Goverrnnent~s Nuclear Policy.........Eiichi Sugie
Ten Years After the Recovery: Today's Okinawa ...................Kamie~iro Nagase
The Okinawa Base in the Concept of a Limited War............Hiroshi Suda, et al
What Are the Impediments to Okinawa's Economic Development?.....Jinsuke Oyagawa
T~he Democratic Youth League Studies and Marches Fo~taard...........Nobuaki Urada
The Theory of National itailroad Reconstruction for the
People ...................................................Hajime Nakamura, et al
Crisis in Constitutional Politics ................................Saroshi Narita
The Aims of the Noncommunist Opposition Parties in
the Theory of Protecting the Constitution .......................Toshio Kawamura
Concerning Marx's Thesis, "The Inside Story of
18th Century Diplomatic History" ...............................Hiroshi Kikunami
Some Scenes From the Atom Bomb ...................................Tetsuo Shibano
The March 15 Repression and Nanzo Kubo ..........................Issho Yamagishi
COPYRIGHT: Nihon Kyosan-To Chuo Iinkai 1982
. July Issue
T~kyo ZENLI [VANGL'ARD] in Japanese Jul 82 p 1
[Text] Table of Contents
Essential Trend in the Unification uf Labor Fronts ..............Hiroshi Arabori
The Nature of Situation Theory and the Overcoming ~,.,Kenichi Sakomizu
of Negative Thoughts
Historical Crisis and American Imperialism ....................Hidefumi Ichinose
New Developments in Japan-U.S. Econom3.c Relations ................Noriaki Sasaki
American Foreign Policy and the U.S.-Japan Alliance .................Yohei Sag~wa
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A Dangerous Tendency in the Administrative Reform Report........Noboru Tamau~ura
A Follow-Up Report on Tanaka's New Money Connection .............Akira Takahashi ~
JCP's Existence and Contemporary Literature .......................Takashi Tsuda
Diet Polemics as Seen by "AKAHATA Reporters" .................Chiaki Hirabayashi
Men of Letters Who Oppose Nuclear Weapons ...........................Shi:zuo Sato
Intellectuals and the Problems of Peace .......................Masao Hamabayashi
The Annaka Pollution Trial and Future Problems ..................Shintaio Takada
COPYRIGHT: Nihon Kyosan-To Chuo Iinkai 1982
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ECONOMIC ~ '
TRADE FRICTION MAY NOW INVOLVE RICE
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILY NEWS in English 8 Jul 82 p 5
[Text] ~'hailand has requested which the government bought was formali~ conveyed to
Japan w reirain from expoc~ag from growers at a good prlce oi Japan through diplomatic
~ 6er surplus rice to food-short E1,000 per ton. chaenels.
developing countries and to use Of t~is surplns. about 400,000 T~e ministry is growing
Thai rice ia Japan's food grant tons 6ave beea earmarked tor apprehensive that rice will
~schemes tor the needy coun- exports at the prevailing in� become another source of
t r i es. th e M in i stry o t .ternational prlce to work down frlction between Japan and tne
Agriculture, �Forestry and Japan's sutplus for this year. pssociation ot Southeast Asian
FisheriesdisclosedTuesday. About 50,OOa70;000 tons are Nations (ASEAN) in which
- The Thai request sfemimed scheduled to be given away to ~ailaad is a key member.
frnm the recent olun~.. in the developing counMes in serious ~ mNistry is to ask a ruling
internatlonal rice prtce which food sbortage sucb as Liberal-Deroocratic Party
was ~*iggered by the record Bangladesh. The r~sst is to be missiou to try to secure aa
crop of 276 millfon tons around exported to suc6 conntrtes as understanding from the ASEAI~ ,
' the woNd last year. The bistorlc Poland and Mozambique on members on the Japanese
crop resulted in a g~obal Mce easy credit terms. position. T6e LDP mission is
- glut. Tde price fall is attecting Thailaad holds that the scheduled to leave Japan next
not oniy Thailand but also the Japanese manner - buying at Monday tor these countries to
United States, another key rice 51,000 or more per t~n and de:use existing economic
exp~rter. exporting at the precailing iriction.
The benchmark Thai rice intematiooal price - is nothing There is also a probability
price stood at t515~ per toa ia less than subsidizing its rice that the Uttited States may
July 1981 but has come down to exports. re9uest Japan to imPurt rice
as low as 5283 at the end ot June. trom America.
hitting hard Thai and American Already, there is a voice
rice growers in particular. Thailand wants Japaa to stop ~~ip ~ mtnistry that Japan
Japaa, on the other hand, has ~e practice and buy Thai Hce may have to buy Tbai and
been burdened by chronicle rice for food grants to the needy AmeMca~a rice in granting rice
surpluses. This past AprU it had countries. This Thai re~quest afds to needy developing
a surplus of 3.1 mIDion tons countries.
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News 1982 ,
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LCONOM IC
~
TRADE SURPLUS WITH U.S. PREDICTED
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILY NEWS in English 4 Jul 82 p 5
[ Text ] Japan will have another hefty
trade surpius of 513.5 billion
with the United States this year
following a 1981 surplus ot E13.3
billion, according to a ~?rivate
think tank.
The Nomura Research in-
stitute said Japanese exports to
the 17qifed States will tise ~
percent to ~39 billion, wlth
imports up 0.8 percept to E25.5
blllion.
It sttributed the far slower
export increase than last year's
23.1 percent rise to slu~gish
sales of such major items as
- steel, textiles ~nd c~emicals.
A 24.7 pet~cetlt drop was
torecast for steel, which surged
47.5 perceat in 1981.
~ But motor i?ehicle exports,
now in the second year of selt-
imposed curbs, are expected to
climb 6.6 percent following an
11.2 percent gain last year.
~ The import slowdown from
last year'~ 3.6 percent tlse was
blamed primarfly on reduced
purchases of aircraft and
faadstuffs.
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News 1982
CSO: 4120/342 ~
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ECONOMIC
MITI ORDERS 5 PERCENT CUTBACK IN OIL PRODUCTION '
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILY NEWS in English 3 Jul 82 p 5
[ Text ] The Ministry of Internalional Oil production last July stood
Trade and Industry has in- roughly at 15 mlliton kiloliters,
structed oil refineries to cut a near bottom figure
the~r oil production by S per- ln 1981. The precise flgure was,
cent in July from a year however, aot available im-
before, a ranking ministry mediately.
ofticial disclosed Friday. The cutdown instructlon
The ofticial said the cutback clearly indicated the ministry's
- instructi~n is effective for the increasing concern over oil
~ month of July. But he added the demand for immediate future.
curtailment pec3od would be Oii rei~neries have been plagu-
extended in view of the plum� ed with two prnblems: over-
metiag demaud. capacity and sagging demand.
Oil production has been The miaistry has been
falling sidce the receat peak of ;l~sely monitoring and coor-
the December-Januarq perfod. dinatmg, when needed, oil
In the period production stood production ln Japan for many
slightly below 18 millioa months by ordering oil com-
kiloliters. The production {n panies to submit their quarterly ~
May stood slightly below 19 production plans.
million kiloliters.
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News 1982
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LCONOMIC
TAX INCREASE PLANNED IN FISCAL '83
Tax Increase Planned After Shortfalls
Tokyo THE DAILY YOMIURI in English 8 ~1 82 p 1
[Text ) Ffnanc~ MinlsNr Mtchi~ Watana6~ Tuesdoy /ndicofed
tha/ the Flnance Mlelsfry wauld sfud~? plont fo Tntroduc~
nsw Iax~s ln compllfn~ fhe povernmenf 6udpett for }tscal
1983 and thereaft~r.
Answering a question by deScit-8nancing govern-
Sociallst interpellator Ku- ment bonds in Sscal 1984. ,
mao Teruda in the House 5�~6 Cut In Budget
of Councilora Hudget Com-
mittee, Watanabe said that Top oSiciala ot the gov-
the Flnance Ministry aould ernment and the Liberal-
be at a losa if it waa not Democratic Party (LDP ~
allowed to manipulate the are expected to dec[de
tux system in Lhe least. Thursday to set an overall
This was the first time framework for requests ior
that the flnance minister appropriations in the flscal
- hinted at the possiblHty of 1983 government budget
� introducing a new tax. tlve percent below the eor-
When the flscal 1982 gov- responding framework for
ernment budget was in ::.e Sscal 1982.
making, the Finance Min- After such an agreement
istry studied the advisabili- is reached, the Finance
ty of introducing taxea on Ministry will immediately
advertlaement end gambl- start negoWaWons with the
ing, variaus ministries and
it is belleved that Wata- 'egencies for uniform lU per-
ns?be had such new taxes cent cuta in various sub-
in mind when he hinted at sldiea.
the possibility of introduc- Tlie cabinet on July 8
ing new taxes. will approve the flve per-
Prime Minister 8uzuk! cent curtallment of the
told the Budget Committee overalt framework for ap-
thnt the government would propriaWons in the flsca.l
make even more drastlc ex- 1983 budget.
penditure cutbacks and stu- Even the grnwth of such
dy ways to enaure nontax top priority items as sle-
revenues irom varioua an� fense, energy and, foreign
_ gles. aid w111 be curbed, and pub-
He added that he flfd not lic-works projecta will cease
plan to introduce a.larRc to be given special treat-
new tax like a general con- ment.
sumptlon tax. Accordingly, it is belleved
FIe also said he was still certain that the 8sca1 1983
determined to lift public government budget will be
flnancea irom dependinR oii the most stringent ever
aince flscal 1955.
COPYRIGHT: The Daily Yomiuri 1982
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Finance Ministry Plans to Introduce New Taxes
Tokyo THE DAILY YOMIURI in English 30 Jun 82 p 1
[Text]The Finance Ministry is planning to increase taxes by ~1 trillion in
fiscal 1983 following a disclosur~: that the tax revenue shortfall in fiscal
1981, ending last March 31, totaled ~�2,881.8 billion and the tax revenue
shortfall in fiscal 1982 is expected to top this figure by around ~�2 trillion,
it was learned Wednesday.
Additional corporation serve to meet the expected
taxes plus introduction of revenue shortfalls in nsca'.
new taxes on gambling and 1982.
- udvertising are being can- � The reserve totaled abou~
sidered, sources close to the ~1.2 trillion as of the end
Finance MiNstry sa1d. of flscal 1981 and is expect-
Finance Minister Michio ed tc reach 3F1.3 tr1111on
Watanabe told the Heuse at thr end of flscal 1982.
of Representatives FYnance The ministry said that up
Committee Wednesday that ~'!Fl trillion could be
the fiscal 1981 tax revenue transferred fmm the reserve
shortfull was Lhe flrst siz- for uae as revenue.
able one to be recorded ar- Poliey Switeh On Ye:.
ter a budget had been re- In a ma~or golicy switch,
vised. The revised budget the governor ot the Bank of
totaled ~31,831.6 billion. Japan suggested Wednesday
The Finance Ministry the centrai bank was pre-
estimates flnal revenua pared to apply a special in-
shortfalls at ~2,501.8 bil- terest rate to help shore up
lion for the year. after de- 'the yen's sagging value
ducting Y380 billion for re- against foreign currencies.
venues from other than tax Haruo Maekawa told a
and unused amounts for news conference the bar.:.
planned expenditures. would "take all necessary
The ministry's pollcy is measures" to stem the yen's
to make up the loss with depreciation.
the ~f240 billion national. Maekawa told the House
~x . receipts ~ ad us~~?en~, of Representatives F'inance
fund and the ~2,261.8 bi'1- Comtnittee earlier in the
]ion ` national debt con- day he would carefully dis-
solidation fund. cuss which action aould
As a result, tax revenues have better effect~-continu-
for flscal 1982, endin~; ing the present policy oi
March 31, 1983, are expect- Bulding short-term interest
ed to be 3f3.700 billion les~ rates higher or lnvoking
than the budR~et of ~�36.624 the speclal interest system.
billion even if a planned ~ Hls remarks meant tha:
13.9 percent growth ratc the central bank was de-
w~as uchieved. termined to support the yen
Consldering the 8.2 per- wlth every means available
cent nominal economic� central bank oifleials said
~:row~th rate proJected b~� later.
the ~overnment, down from The special interest sys-
the ori~fnal estimate of 8.y tem allows the central bank
percent. officials forecasT to lmpose a higher discount
tax revenue shortfalls of rate temporarily without
about ~F4,800 b111ion for entailing across-the-board
flscal 1982. interest hikes. The ban}:
Tl~e Finance Ministry haa. previously reject~d :~s a~~-
decided Lo transfer su1- pllcation, sayinK it was a
ficient funds from the ait- last resort taken in times
xiliary currency recovery rr- of emergency.
COPYRIGHT: The Daily Yomiuri 1982
CSO: 4120/349
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ECONOMIC
YEN'S SLIP PARTLY BLAMED ON D-MARK
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILX NEWS in English 3 Jul 82 p 5
[ Tex t] T h e G e r m a n m a r k' s market Wednesday, hitting the
. depreciation is one of reasons 259 yen mark momentarily for
tor the yen's further deciine in the ticst time in 2? months. Ttie
value against the U.S. dollar, dollar closed out the day ~t
Bank of Japan Governor Haruo 258.85 yen.
Maekawa said Wednesday. ~e central bank governor
Maekawa defended his bank's expressed the hope the world
interest rate policy which he economy will Fick up later this
said is understood by monetary ~ year despite a rather grim
~olicymakers abroad. economic outlook forecast by
He expressed skepticism the Organization for Economic
- about the idea of applying a Cooperation and Development
"special Lombard rate" as a tOECD).
means to stem the yen's further �~~ere are some reasons tor
depreciat�on against the U.S. optimism," he explained.
dollar. ~~Inflation is gradually sub-
"The German mark ~S siding, campared with last
declining in value but that is not
_ the sole cause oi the yen's Year, and that helps to increase
depreciation," Maekawa ~COmeandspending.
replied when asked about the Maekawa cautioned against
Japanese currency at a news introducing a aew stimulative
conference. package right now, saying, "I
The doltar rose f~!*ther on the think the government can still
Tokyo Foreign ExchanRe wait."
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News 1982
CSO: 4120/343
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ECONOMIC
TOI'OTA MERGER, STRATEGY CHANGES DISCUSSED
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILY NEWS in English Z Jul 82 p S
[Text] NAGOYA-Toyota Motor Co. and Its sales
erm me?ged back Into a single corporatan
Thursday.
Wit6 the merger, the Toyota companies are
aiming to close ranks ~and deal more promptly
with increasingly intense competition both at
home and abroad than heretofore.
Shoichiro Toyoda, president of Toyota Motor
Sales Co., has assumed, the presidency ot the
new Toyota Motor Corp. . ~
As he put it. the merger will mark a maJor
shitt in the Toyota group's marketiag strategy.
The world's automohve companies are
bracing tor heated competition in Sales of
subcompact cars in the years ahead and
Toyota is n~ exception.
The nat:on's largest auto producer has
chosen to clear a major obstacle in the way to
adapting itselt to changing world market :
trends quickly.
The 57-year~old heir ia the direct line of the
Toyoda family expressed hope that the merger
will enable the company to obtain a better
picture ot consumer demand in developing a
new line of vehicles.
Aside irom the reason given by the "Prince"
ot We Toyoda tamily, it is obvious that the
, merger has been prompted by a number of
otherfactors.
It has often been said that Toyota is slow in
responding to changiag marketing situations in
general and to interoational developments in
particular, compared wit6 other Japanese auto
companies.
There is no secret about the company's slow
response to calls from its dealer network for
quick intr,~oduction oi turbo-charged and iront-
engine, front-drive cars, for example. to woo
young d:
ivers away from Nissaa Motor Co. and
other rivals.
The company often blamed tbe slow reaction
on the "dual management" resulting from the
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separatioa oi We company's productioa and
- marketing divisions 32 years ago.
At the urgiug ~f baak loaa overseers, Toyota.
then in finaacial difficulties, divestea itself of
the sales division to set up Toyota Motor Sales
in April 1950.
The separatioa das, however. proved to be a
- major deterrent to the group's marketiag
activities.
Wit6 the Aareup of a globa: war over sub-
- . compact cars anticipated ia the mid-1980s,
Toyota is putting its world strategy iato digh
gear. ~
Negotiations have been under way since last
- March between Toyota and General Motors
Corp. on joint production of the fast-selling '
Toyota Coroils in t6e Uaited States.
The discnssions, on-again~ ofi-again, are now
expected to make considerable pro~ess. ~
The merger will be carried~ oat on a 1-to-0.75
basis. that is to say, Toyota Motor Co. will, in
effect, absorb the marketing acm.
The new president is We eldest son of We late
Kiic6iro Toyoda, who tounded Toyota iu August
1937, and a graadson of the late Sakic6i Toyoda,
the founder of Toyoda Automatic Loom Works
Ltd.
Although tbey can hardly compare with
earnings of General Motors, the world's largest
automaker, the combined total annual sales of
the two Toyota compaaies - an estimated 4.5
trillion yen (127.7 biUion) - are the largest
ever recorded by a single manufactucer in the
nation's industrial history.
ln terms ~ot output, 'I ~yota overtook Ford
Motor Co. as t6e world's second largest
automaker in 1979.
Last year, Toyota's productiop totaled 3.22
million units, against 4.63 million produced by
GM. The fignre does not include output in-
tended for knoct~down exports. ~
Ot the total output, 1.~9 million units werr
sold on t~ie domestic market, giving Toyota a'
38.3 percent share, compared with 29 percent
grabbed by Nissan, We natioa's No. 2
sutomotive company.
The incumbent president; Eij~' Toyoda, be-
comes board c6airman ot the new Toyota. He is
the late Toyoda's cousin.
The new company will have a cap~ital at 120
billion yen (5472 mfllioa) and 53,600 ~,vorters on
its payroU.
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News 1982
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ECONOMIC '
AUTOM08ILE EXPORT HIT BY WORLD SLUMP
Tokyo MAINICHI DAII.Y NEWS in English 3 Jul 82 p 5
[ Text J The slow worid economy and
restrictive auto exports con-
+ tinued to put a brake on
Japanese exports in June,
accordiag to economic data
released Fri;'~y by the Fiuance
Ministry and the Bank of Japan. .
Export letters o~ credit (L/C)
received by Japanese firms
duritwg the month showed a 5.3
percent decline w value from a
year ago to i8,302 biWon tor the
sixth straight month of decline,
they said. .
"Exports are not falling
rapidly month by month, but we
caa't see any sigas at all that
they wllt pick up in the ~
foreseeable tuture," said Bank
ot Japan officials.
By item, steel exporG~ in June
slid 9.0 percent irom a year ago
and chemical exports tell 1 ~
. percent. Also foods were oft 14
percent, textiles, down l3
percent, metal products, down
10 percent, and general
machines, off 5 percent.
Exports to the ilnited States .
leveled off, while those W
Middle East feU 11 percent.
Shipments to Europe declined 7
percent and exports to Asian
countries were also down 3
percent.
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News 1982 '
CSO: 4120/346
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I:CQNUM IC
~ VTR EXPORTS FALL; COLOR TVS STILL IN DECLINE
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILY NEWS in English 1 Jul 82 p 3
[ Text ] Production .and exports ot February. 1977, ttie association
home-use video tape t~corders said.
( VTR ) slowed markedly ia May Production of VTEt from
while color television output January through May stood at
kepl its downtrend~ according 4.868,878 units, up 68.6 percent
to the Electronic Industries trom the same period of the
Association ot Japan. preceding year. VTR exports in
May production of VTR stood the first five months increased
at 98G,000 units, o(t 2.9 percent 7~�1 percentto3.&52.416.
from the preceding month. AZeanwhile, color telc~vision
falling below the 1 miilion level. production in b9ay declined 6.P
the association said. percent from a year ago to
The figure represents a 58.5 90?,000 units for the sixth
percent growth frora the same straight month of decline since
month of last year but at a very~ last December.
slow pace, compared with Domestic shipments of color
previous years. VTft production television sets in May rnse 2.9
doubled each yea~ until 1981. percent from a year ago to
Exports of VTR also declined 538,000 while exports fell 20.:i
l~.a percent from Aprii to percentto338,780.
715.000, allhough thev increased From January through May
44.1 percent on a year-to-year output of color television sets
basis. declined 8.5 percent from the
This is the firsi time the year- same period of last year to
to-year growth rate fell below� 4.306,237, and exports were off
the 50 percent levei . since 13.5 percent to 1,770,167.
COPYRIGIiT: Mainichi Daily News 1982
CSO: 4120/342
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ECONOMIC
STEELMAKERS` PRICE RISE REPORTED
Tokyo ?r(AINICHI DAILY NEWS in English 1 Ju1 82 p 3 ,
[Text j In reflection ot stagnant however, the situation
econon~ic activities, demands surrounding the steel industn~
for steel products are not brisk, turned worse and worse.
but the nation's mammoth~ Orders for steel pipes ~
steelmakers will be able to declined sharply and exports
force price increases of about S dropped noticeably. Coupled
percent by mid-July on their with stagnant demands on the
major customers, including domestic front, production oi
- automakers and shipbuilders, a ccvde steel for the current fiscal
leader ot the steel indqstry year became certain to drop
disclosed Wednesday. below the 100 million-ton level
The customer industries have for the first time ia 11 years.
come to understaad the ditficult Under these circumstances,
situation facing the steel in- the nser side came~ to conclude
dustry, theexecutiveexplained. that they would h~~ve to accept �
From late April to early May, price raises of 5 percent or so.
the big steelmaking companies the stee! leader reported.
headed by Nippon Steel Cor- He added that most of major
poration be~an asking their customer companies have
users to accepl ~:~arkups already expressed their ap-
ranging from 5.2 to 5.~, percent, proval of lhe proposed price
or 4.600 to 4,900 yen, in prices of increases. Details, includin~
theirproducts. discounts, will be ironed out
Increases ia prices of iron between the steel companies
ores and coal were among the and their customers by earlc
major reasons cited by the steel July, he said.
industry in seeking higher In past years, it was Toyota
prices for steel products. Motor Co. that was the "pace-
At first, the user industries setter" among user industries .
were vety angry with the in negotiations with the steel
steelmakers' proposal. While industry, but this year the
prospects oi their businesses compa~y has avoided assuming
appeared quite dark, some oi that position, steel industr~~
the steel companies, especially sources also reported, adding
Sumitomo Metal lndustries and that as this year's negotiations
Nippon Kokan Kaisha. were coincided with Thursday's
reporting the best business merger beta~een Toyota and it~
records ever for their set- sales arm, the new automaher
tlement accoMnt term ended will finalize its negotiations
last March. with steel prices only by mid-
With the progress oi weeks. July this year.
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News 1982
CSO: 4120/347 ~
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ECONOMIC
BRIEFS
AUTO EXPORTS--Japan auto exports in May were down 6.9 percent from the pre-
vious year at 489,327 units, marking the lOth consecu*ive monthly year-to-
year decline, it was disclosed Tuesday. I'he Japan Automobile Manufacturers
Association said that passenger cars accounted for 3~3,114 units, off 4.7 per-
cent, trucks 152,385 units, down 8.3 percent, and buses 3,828 units, off 61.1
percent.~ Exports to South Africa were down 58.3 percent, Africa 45.9 percent,
Europe 28.9 percent, Southeast tisia 11.9 per~ent and the United States 0.4 per-
cent. On the other hand, exports to the Mideast and the Oceania were up 61
percent and 46.3 percent, respectively. The announcement also said that Ja-
pan's motorcycle exports declined 30.8 percer.~ to 211,681 units. Exports to
Europe and Southeast Asia were down 34 percent and 28.5 percent, the announce-
ment added. [Text~ [Tokyo Mainichi DAILY NEWS in English 1 Jul 82 p 3]
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News 1982
CSO: 4120/342
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.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
3APAN RESTRICTS EXPORT OF JNL'S TECHNOLOGY TO USSR
Tokyo NIHON KEIZAI SHIMBUN in Japanese 30 Jun 82 p 1
[Text] It was recently disclosed that the Japanese Government is stringently
restricting the Japanese National Railways (JNL) frnm cooperating with the Soviet
Union on railway transportation technology and construction technology. Accord-
ing to informed sources, the Japanese Government says that "all technologies
that can be used for military purposes cannot be exported to the Soviet Union."
It is said that the government totally banned export of technology related to
underwater tunnel construction in which the Soviets have been greatly intErested.
for some time in connection with the Sakhalin oil development project. In
addition, exchanges of publicly released material which contains information
on this technology must undergo prior scrutiny by the Ministry of Foreign
~ Affairs. Also, it is reported that a short-tenn inspection tour by Soviet
railroad engineers, which the Soviet Union had been hoping for in relationship
with its plans to electrify its railroad system, was re~ected.
Turned Down Soviet Engineers' Inspection Tciir
The criterion and content of the Japanese Government's sanctions against the
Soviet Union related to the railroad technology have ;tot been disclosed.
However, according to related sources, the Ministry oi' Foreign Affairs regards
JNL as "semi-governmental" and has presented to it detailed guidelines for
technological cooperation with the Soviet Union. According to the same sources,
the technology banned from exporting includes 1) tunnel excavation and construc-
tion technology and 2) computer-related technology. As to electronics tech-
nolo~y, a prior consultation within the government is an indispensable condi-
tion even before negotiations with the Soviets start. It is said that exchanges
of document (open-source material) which contains technical information will be
restricted, and that such documents are sub~ect to prior inspec~tion by the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
JNL's technology had been until now regarded as "civilian technology." It
seems, however, thar the Jpaanese Government strictly restricts technological
cooperation with the Soviet Union on this technology because of the possibility
that the Soviet Union could use tunnel construction tec:~nology to build under-
ground silos for intercontinental ballistic missiles and could use computer
technology to create effi.cient mass transportation systems for military equip-
ment.
Lb
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JNL's technology is aaid to be the first-class in the world in every field,
including control, rolling stock, construction, etc. Tunnel excavation tech-~
nology especially, as the tunnel construction project between Aomori and
" Hakodate has shown, can excavate even sof t earth and is unequaled in the world.
For this reason, the Soviet Union has asked for Japanese coopergtion to e~tab-
lish new excavation technology ~ar the Sakhalin oil project because the weather
off Sakhalin is fierce in winter. It is believed that ~~apan's cooperat~on
with the Soviet Union on tunnel technology has become impossible for the time
being now that strict controls h3ve been impcsed on JNL's techn.olc~gy. JNL
also turned down a Yequest for a visit to Japan by three railroad engineers
from the Soviet Railway Transportation Ce:ltral Science and Tec~lnology Committee.
Als~, it is reported that JNL declined in invitation from the Soviet Union ior
- an inspection tour of Soviet railway technology by Japanese engineers.
The Soviet Union is planning a large-scale modernization program for its
railroad system, including the construction of 2 second [?trans.] Siberian
Railroad and electrification of 6,000 km-long railroad centered on the Second
Siberian Railroad. in this project, the Soviet Union is said to expect con-
siderable technologica2 cooperation from Japan. Thus, some JNL officials have
expressed regret about the strict restrictions placed on railroad technology
cooperation with the Soviet Union.
~ CSO: 4106/138
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LARGEST FUEL CELL PLANT TO START IN FALL
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILY NEWS in English 3 Jul 82 p 5
[ Tex t j Tokyo ElectNc Power Co. tracted attention as an electric
said Friday that it would stact power source tor private sec-
' operation oi the world's largest tors.
fuel cell plant this fall at its The Ministry of Iatemational
thermal power plant in Goi, Trade and Industry is also
Chiba Prefecture, east of developing a pilot plant uader
Tokyo. its "moonlight" energy saving
A spokesman said that the program. Its output capacity is
company had invested 5 billion about 1,000 kilowatts.
yen (S19.6 million) in con- A Japanese gas firm and a
struction ot the plant joiatly heavy electrical machinery~
developed with Amecica's maker are also f ointly
United Technology (UT) tbat developing a sImllar plant but
developed similar cells for the its capacity is only 40 kilowatts.
Apollo space progcam. The only demerit is high
The plant consists of ZO cells constructfon cost and the
each with 290 kilowatt capacity battery's short lifeRpan.
for total output capacity of 4,800 The construction cost ot the
kilowatts. It requires some 1,OW plant is about 1 mjllion yen `
square meters of land for this (t3,921) per kilowatt. three
type of capacity. times more than that ot a
The fuel cell uses chemical nuclearpowerplant.
reaction ot hydrogen having The battery's lifespan is only~
eaergy density three times 40,00o hours ( four years and a
mocr than o~. half
Since hydrogen is an But the spokesman expressed
unlimited source of energy and the hope that the construction
free from pollntion, it has at- cost would drop to one-fifth
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News 1982
CSO: 4120/348
~
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~
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
.UDC 537.611.3:621.377.6
DESIGN, FABRICATION OF 1 MEGABIT BUBBLE MEMORY
Tokyo FUJITSU SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL JOURNAL in English Vol 18, No 2, 82
pp 307-342
~Article by Takeyasu Yanase, Hiroshi Inoue and Teiji Majima.: "Design and
Fabrication of a 1 Megabi~ Bubble Memory Device"l
~Text~ ~!ow drive field I mega6it bu661e memory device has been develop-
ed. This device feuturea relaxed funcrion designs and a planar process using
a new type of neat resistant resin named PLOS. The I megabit device uaes
a 6~ock replicate/swap or~�anization 6ased upon 1.91tm diameter 6u6bles.
,4 baaic cell si~e is 7 Wn x 8 �m while the minimum feature size has a ualue
of I �m. chip sue is 9.l mm x 9.9 mm. Fabricated 1 megabit c6ips hace
been cham,:terized over a drive field range of 3581 A/m to 51 i3 A/m (~5
Oe to 65 Oe) (peak fields of 100 kHz triangular wave drive), and ouer a
tempemture ronge of 0�C to 90 �C.
Results obtained in the characterization for the 1 megabit chips are
good enough to guarantee the aame drive field and aense requirements
for packuged 1 megabit devicea as those for 3 �m 6ubble 256 kbit devices.
' 1. Introducdon
Gap-tolerant propagation elementa reported by Bonyhard and Smith in
19; 61~ (ed us to realezing 8 �m period bubbie memury devices. The first 1
megabit chip. whose design was based on half s~;ale from 16 �m period devices,
was reporte~i by Archer in 19?'2~. Since then considerable effort in bubble
muterials and device designs optimization for the 8 �m period devices ha= be~n
~lin�cted I~wanlw reuli~in~ I meqabit devi~~~�s aK a?mrn~n�ial pr~?~luclA. ti~�v~rnl
Gil?rir.nli~~n r~~~ulta ~?f 25hK-1 mr.~abit drvic~�g wilh I.?-',~,.Il �m di:nn~~l~�r bubbl~�a
haw~ b~�~�n r~�p~?rted3)-~). I lnlike the w~�11-estnl?liah~�~ I(i Nm p~~riud ~Icvicen, aom~�
r~�muinin~ prv~hlrma 4lill must he aolved. Alm~~at all the devi~~� desi~ns rep~?rted
fer arc bii~n~l ~?n ac:ilin~ fn?m lhc?se for !hc I h �m pcri~d :i �tn bubblc d~viePR.
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In Kuch deRiKna, thr. minimum featurr Ris~ n~ p~rmalloy pattcrnR an~l lhr
minirmm~ ~onduclor pallcrn width.shoold be about I �m and'l �m, rcap~~tivr-
ly. 'I'hiR narrow c~uiducl~~r might ~auw~ mi~rali~.n prv~lrleme and a concidPrable
inr~caw~ in funcli~~n ~Ir~vc w~llaqca.
'fl~e tn~?ct ~'r1011R problem is lhe increat~ uf the minitnun~ r~?t~tinK ~Irive .
firlda. In gmall bubblc (ICVICP.B FIIC{I 8R ~IIORP wilh huhhle diamelc~ bclow 2 �m,
hi~h drivF firlda nrr. rcyuirecl 1?ecaos~~ uf lY e incrcaw~ ir. lhe ma~nelizalion of t6c
~mrn~�l matcrialg7)-e). Nhcn ll~c conventi~ina{ c~alin~ n~le ig applic~l ta lhe ti ~tm
period devicr.s a si~nificant Jifference wa~ ul?srrved. 'fhc r~quired drive fields
- w~m f~~und to he +letertnined by t{~oRr of funetion op~ralions, such na repl~,al~. .
g~t~~x, cw~~~ ~at~+ and stretr.h~r-deteclcx, rathr.r lhan lh~MC ~~f lhe f3 �m peri~xi
pr~~pa~nli~n. lf lhe f~~ncti~?n ~Irive ficl~lA can be made comparaMe wi/h lhe
pr~ipa~ali~?n drive ~i~ld, llie r~qaired drive fiel~la for lh~� ~R pm pcri