KAZAN AIRFRAME PLANT GORBUNOV 22

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82T00709R000200930001-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 11
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 11, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: June 1, 1982
• Content Type: REPORT

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Secret
basic imagery interpretation report
Kazan Airframe Plant
Gorbunov 22 (S)
STRATEGIC WEAPONS INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES
USSR
Secret
Z-14583/82
RCA-09/0009/82
June 1982
copy 2 3
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INSTALLATION OR ACTIVITY NAME
Kazan Airframe Plant Gorbonov 22
Kazan Airfield North
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES CATEGORY BE NO.
55-51-37N 049-06-57E
55-51-58N 049-07-57E
DMAAC. USATC, Series 200, 5th ed., Sheet 0165-1, scale 1:200,000
NEGATION DATE (If required)
NA
cusses activity at Kazan Airfield North, the test and flyaway field for the plant.
ABSTRACT
1. (S/WN) This report discusses activity at Kazan Airframe Plant Gorbunov 22, USSR, from 25X1
and updates a previous NPIC report This report also dis- 25X11
2. (S/WN) Significant construction, most of which was still underway on the information cutoff date
for the reporting period, will increase the plant floorspace by 259,000 square meters to a total of 659,000
square meters. Most of the new floorspace is contained in the large assembly building under construc-
tion.
3. (S/WN) Kazan Airframe Plant Gorbunov 22 is the only known assembly facility for the TU-22M
(BACKFIRE B) variable-geometry-wing medium bomber and the BACKFIRE C (formerly B Modified). The
IL-62 (CLASSIC) transport aircraft is also assembled at Kazan 22.
4. (S/WN) This report includes a location map, five annotated photographs, and three tables of
mensural and/or chronological data. The numbering system in this report supersedes the one used
previously.
KAZAN AIRFRAME PLANT
GORBUNOV 22
NPIC T-4327
FIGURE 1. LOCATION OF KAZAN AIRFRAME PLANT GORBUNOV 22 AND KAZAN AIRFIELD NORTH, USSR
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BASIC DESCRIPTION
Construction
5. (S/WN) During the reporting period, construction at Kazan 22 and its associated airfield (Figures
1 and 2) was largely production-related. This was also the case in the period covered by the previous
report.' The large assembly building on the eastern side of the north plant area (item 63, Table 1 and
Figures 3 and 4), still under construction on accounted for 252,000 square meters-of the
new floorspace. Three new buildings and an addition to an existing building account for the remaining
7,200 square meters if new floorspace (Figure 3). The following paragraphs present a detailed chronology
of construction between
6. (S/WN) Betw;een only one building and an addition to another
buildin were completed. A shop/support building (item 26, Table 1 and Figure 3) was completed by[
and a
A sho
d b
l
p
y
ete
and a shop addition to a workshop (item 62b) was comp
storage building containing 1,122 square meters of floorspace were razed in 1980 (Figure 3).
7. (S/WN) Three buildings were still under construction on the new assembly building
(item 63, Table 1 and Figures 3 and 4), a storage/support building (item 8, Table 1 and Figure 3), and a
storage building (item 74). Roofing was underway on all new sections of the new assembly building. The
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two large doors on the assembly building each measure 46 meters wide by 21 meters high (Figure 4). Also,
an excavation whose purpose has yet to be determined had been dug at the rear of the engineering/shop
section of the new assembly building (item 63p, Table 1).
8. (S/WN) With new construction, including buildings still under construction, the plant as ofL
contained 497,923 square meters of production-related floorspace, 93,869 square meters of
direct-support floorspace and 67,474 square meters of general-purpose floorspace. On a percentage
basis, approximately 76 percent was production-related, 14 percent was direct support, and 10 percent
was general-purpose.
9. (S/WN) East of the interior taxiway, construction of three parking hardstands was underway by
Figure 3). Recent grading indicated that a fourth parking hardstand may be under construe=
tion. These hardstands will improve the parking area where small and medium transports such as CURL
and CAMP are usually observed. In addition, grading and ditching for probable drainage has been
initiated along the eastern plant perimeter (Figure 3). The area annotated New Construction Area in the
last report,' is probably related to Kazan Aircraft Engine Plant 16. Two roads from this area now connect
directly with Plant 16. This area will no longer be reported as part of Kazan 22.
Production Activity
10. (S~ I Kazan 22 is the only known airframe assembly facility for the BACKFIRE B, a
Tupolev-designed, variable-geometry-wing bomber. For 1980 and 1981, production was estimated at
approximately 30 BACKFIRE aircraft per year.2 The actual monthly rollout rate of the BACKFIRE B has
varied widely, however, because of the increase in production of the BACKFIRE C (formerly called B
Modified) which occurred during this period. Table 2 lists representative sightings of BACKFIRE B at the
plant from June 1980 through February 1982. It demonstrates the probable decrease in production activity
related to the standard BACKFIRE B from December 1980 through February 1981, when as few as two
BACKFIRE B were observed. During this same period, an upsurge in BACKFIRE C rollouts occurred.
Deliveries of the BACKFIRE B to Soviet Air Force and Naval Aviation bases have continued, with 23 or 24
delivered in both 1980 and 19813.
11. (S/WN) The unidentified shipping containers (Types 1 and 2) which have been observed at both
Kazan and Komsomolsk Airframe Plant 126 since 19781 continued to be observed at both
facilities. While both types may be BACKFIRE-related, no photographic evidence has yet confirmed this.
12. (S/WN) Two milestones in the BACKFIRE C program occurred in 1981: the first delivery to a
training base and the first deployment to an operational base. On a BACKFIRE C was at
Ryazan/Dyagilevo Airfield the Soviet Air Force strategic bomber training base. This was
the first observation of a BACKFIRE C outside test and production centers, and it presaged eventual
deployment to an operational base. On two BACKFIRE C were at Poltava Airfield
Two BACKFIRE C had departed the Kazan plant between
13. (S/WN) Prior to these first deployments, BACKFIRE C rollouts increased dramatically from De-
cember 1980 through February 1981 (Table 3). However, despite this increase in activity, the average
number produced during both 1980 and 1981 remained at about six aircraft.
14. (S/WN) Since the first identification of the BACKFIRE C, the reasons for the reconfigured engine
inlets have been in question. It has been postulated that the reconfiguration was to accommodate a new
or modified engine, and it was further speculated that the new engine was the new Kolesov engine which
had been retrofitted to the CHARGER supersonic transport, another Tupolev-designed aircraft.4 How-
ever, on high-resolution imagery of a BACKFIRE C about to undergo engine emplace-
ment indicated that these engines were dimensionally similar to the standard BACKFIRE engine (Figure
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5). The engines measured approximatel
with a diameter o~the standard NK-
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144 measures approximately
The Kolesov engine would probably be considerably
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smaller as it is shipped in a container which
measures only while the NK-144
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requires an shipping container. However, the possibility remains that the BACKFIRE C engines,
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while probably not the new Kolesov engine, may be modified or new.
15. (S/WN) The Ilyushin-designed IL-62M (CLASSIC) is also being assembled at Kazan 22. Numbers
of the aircraft at the plant varied between zero and six. Bort numbers visible during the period were as
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Table 1.
Mensural and Chronological Data
Kazan Airframe Plant Gurbunov 22, USSR
(Items keyed to Figure 3
This table in its entirety is classified SECRET/WN'INTEL
Item Function
Dimensions
(m)
L W H
Floorspace Date
(sq m) Observed Remarks
Total Sections Complete
Dimensions
(m)
L W H
Remarks
1 Shopistor bldg
58 Assem bldg
2 Shopistor bldg
a Original assem bldg
3 Adminrshop bldg
2 stories
b Additions
4 Elec power substation
59 Warehouse
5 Shop bldg
60 Machine shop
6 Shop bldg
61 Machine shop
2 stories
7 Spt bldg
2 stories
62 Workshop
2 stories
8 Stor/spt bldg
Mldstage of construction
a Shop Sec
as of0
b Shop addition
2 stories
9 Warehouse
63 Assem bldg
Floorspace figure
10 Warehouse
tentative (figure 4)
11 Stor bldg
a Admin/engr sec
7 stories
12 Workshop
2 stories
b Admin/engr sec
7 stories
13 Stor bldg
c Connecting sec
2 stories
14 Admin bldg
d Connecting sec
2 stories
15 Shopistor bldg
e Prob shop/spt sec
2 stories, will extend entire
16 Prob shop bldg
length of bldg
17 Stor bldg
f Assem/subassem sec
18 Stor bldg
g Engr/shop sec
5 stories
19 Lab/engr bldg
3 stories
h Assem/subassem sec
20 Shop/spt bldg
i Assem/subassem sec
21 Stor/spt bldg
1 Engr/shop sec
multistory
22 Admin/engr bldg
k Assem/subassem sec
23 Workshop
I Assem/subassem sec
Midstages of construction
24 Pumphouse
as of 0
25 Workshop
m Engr/shop sec
Multistory; will be
26 Shop/spt bldg
at least 3 stories
a Shop/spt sec
n Assem/subassem sec
Late stage of construction
b Admin sec
2 stories
as of 0
27 Prob dining hall
p Engr. shop sec
5 stories; late stage
28 Stor/spt bldg
of construction as of
29 Stor bldg
q Assem/subassem sec
Late stage o construction
Warehouse
30 Wa
as of 0
31 Stor/spt bldg
64 Workshop
32 Spt bldg
65 Shop bldg
33 Spt bldg
66 Stor bldg
34 Machine shop
67 Stor bldg
35 Foundry
68 Stor bldg
36 Workshop
69 Stor bldg
37 Quonset-type stor bldg
70 Transshipment bldg
38 Shop bldg
71 Warehouse
39 Forge/foundry bldg
72 Shop bldg
40 Stor bldg
73 Warehouse/shop bldg
41 Admin bldg
2 stories
a Admin sec
4 stories
42 Admin bldg
2 stories
b Shop/stor sec
2 stories
43 Stor/spt bldg
74 Stor bldg
As of 0
44 Stor bldg
75 Vehicle malnt bldg
45 Stor/spt bldg
2 stories
16 Control bldg
46 Spt bldg
Construction completion
77 Hangar
May be paint hangar
date approximate
78 Spt bldg
47 Stor/spt bldg
79 Quonset-type stor bldg
48 Stor bldg
80 Admin bldg
2 stories; airfield-related
49 Stor/spt bldg
81 Flt ops bldg
50 Subassem bldg
82 Admin bldg
51 Stor bldg
83 Stor/spt bldg
52 Storispt bldg
84 Engr bldg
53 Stor bldg
85 Hangar
54 Stor bldg
86 Quonset-type stor bldg
55 Stor bldg
87 Quonset-type stor bldg
56 Workshop
88 Quonset-type stor bldg
a Shop sec
89 Workshop
b Admin engr sec
Part of section 2 stories,
90 Workshop
constructed 1971
91 Spt bldg
c Shop sec
Total Floorspace as of
57 Spt bldg
0
Horizontal measurements are accurate to within
and vertical measurements are accurate to within
Item Function
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Floorspace Date
(sq m) Observed
Total Sections Complete
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Table 1.
Mensural and Chronological Data
Kazan Airframe Plant Gurbunov 22, USSR
(Items keyed to Figure 3
This table in its entirety is classified SECRET/WN'INTEL
Item Function
Dimensions
(m)
L W H
Floorspace Date
(sq m) Observed Remarks
Total Sections Complete
Dimensions
(m)
L W H
Remarks
1 Shopistor bldg
58 Assem bldg
2 Shopistor bldg
a Original assem bldg
3 Adminrshop bldg
2 stories
b Additions
4 Elec power substation
59 Warehouse
5 Shop bldg
60 Machine shop
6 Shop bldg
61 Machine shop
2 stories
7 Spt bldg
2 stories
62 Workshop
2 stories
8 Stor/spt bldg
Mldstage of construction
a Shop Sec
as of0
b Shop addition
2 stories
9 Warehouse
63 Assem bldg
Floorspace figure
10 Warehouse
tentative (figure 4)
11 Stor bldg
a Admin/engr sec
7 stories
12 Workshop
2 stories
b Admin/engr sec
7 stories
13 Stor bldg
c Connecting sec
2 stories
14 Admin bldg
d Connecting sec
2 stories
15 Shopistor bldg
e Prob shop/spt sec
2 stories, will extend entire
16 Prob shop bldg
length of bldg
17 Stor bldg
f Assem/subassem sec
18 Stor bldg
g Engr/shop sec
5 stories
19 Lab/engr bldg
3 stories
h Assem/subassem sec
20 Shop/spt bldg
i Assem/subassem sec
21 Stor/spt bldg
1 Engr/shop sec
multistory
22 Admin/engr bldg
k Assem/subassem sec
23 Workshop
I Assem/subassem sec
Midstages of construction
24 Pumphouse
as of 0
25 Workshop
m Engr/shop sec
Multistory; will be
26 Shop/spt bldg
at least 3 stories
a Shop/spt sec
n Assem/subassem sec
Late stage of construction
b Admin sec
2 stories
as of 0
27 Prob dining hall
p Engr. shop sec
5 stories; late stage
28 Stor/spt bldg
of construction as of
29 Stor bldg
q Assem/subassem sec
Late stage o construction
Warehouse
30 Wa
as of 0
31 Stor/spt bldg
64 Workshop
32 Spt bldg
65 Shop bldg
33 Spt bldg
66 Stor bldg
34 Machine shop
67 Stor bldg
35 Foundry
68 Stor bldg
36 Workshop
69 Stor bldg
37 Quonset-type stor bldg
70 Transshipment bldg
38 Shop bldg
71 Warehouse
39 Forge/foundry bldg
72 Shop bldg
40 Stor bldg
73 Warehouse/shop bldg
41 Admin bldg
2 stories
a Admin sec
4 stories
42 Admin bldg
2 stories
b Shop/stor sec
2 stories
43 Stor/spt bldg
74 Stor bldg
As of 0
44 Stor bldg
75 Vehicle malnt bldg
45 Stor/spt bldg
2 stories
16 Control bldg
46 Spt bldg
Construction completion
77 Hangar
May be paint hangar
date approximate
78 Spt bldg
47 Stor/spt bldg
79 Quonset-type stor bldg
48 Stor bldg
80 Admin bldg
2 stories; airfield-related
49 Stor/spt bldg
81 Flt ops bldg
50 Subassem bldg
82 Admin bldg
51 Stor bldg
83 Stor/spt bldg
52 Storispt bldg
84 Engr bldg
53 Stor bldg
85 Hangar
54 Stor bldg
86 Quonset-type stor bldg
55 Stor bldg
87 Quonset-type stor bldg
56 Workshop
88 Quonset-type stor bldg
a Shop sec
89 Workshop
b Admin engr sec
Part of section 2 stories,
90 Workshop
constructed 1971
91 Spt bldg
c Shop sec
Total Floorspace as of
57 Spt bldg
0
Horizontal measurements are accurate to within
and vertical measurements are accurate to within
Item Function
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Floorspace Date
(sq m) Observed
Total Sections Complete
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Table 2.
Representative Observations of BACKFIRE B and
BACKFIRE C Aircraft at Kazan 22
June 1980-February 1982
(This (abbe in its entirety is classified SECRET/WNINTEL)
6
6
8
6
10
7
8
7
5
7
8
8
3
9
5
12
2
13
6
10
7
8
7
10
7
9
7
10
6
10
6
8
5
8
3
9
6
8
6
8
7
8
6
8
7
8
6
8
3
9
7
5
12
4
Table 3.
Production History of the BACKFIRE C
at Kazan 22
(This table in its entirety is classified SECRET/WNINTEL)
No Observed Date Rollout
Observed
6
7
8
9
12
13
9t
9
9
First C at Ramenkoye, burned May 1978
Total
Time
Cumulative Between
Total Rollouts
(months)
2
3 1.0
4 2.5
5 2.0
6 3.0
7 2.5
8 2.0
9 4.0
10 2.0
11 3.0
12 1.0
15 0.6
16 0.3
17 4.0
18 4.0
19 4.0
20
C observed on~ may have been the one observed on
=& prob departed in Dec for Ramenskoye FTC; a C
never seen at Kazan was already observed at Ramenskoye in
Aug 77
Rollout time is approx because of imagery interpretability, a C had
flown to Akhtubinsk FTC by Dec 79
A 2nd C departed Kazan & arrived at Akhtubinsk by
+ Around Mar 81. 1st C deployment was reflected by drop in
number observed at plant
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16. (S/WN) CLASSIC aircraft modified for satellite communications were observed repeatedly. On
numerous coverages since0 a uniquely configured CLASSIC modified for satellite communi-
cations was at the plant (Figure 6). This aircraft was unpainted and had a two-toned raised area on the
dorsal spine in the same position as the raised area on the standard CLASSIC modified .for satellite
communications. The lighter-toned area was and appeared to be higher than the darker-
toned area. The light-toned area extended from just forward of the leading edge of the wing to forward
of the aft edge of the wing root. A CLASSIC modified for satellite communications which appeared to be
similar has been at Ramenskoye Flight Test Center (FTC;
(S/WN) All applicable imagery acquired from was used in the preparation
MAPS OR CHARTS
DMAAC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Sheet 0165-1, 5th ed, Jun 76, scale 1:200,000 (SECRET)
DOCUMENTS
2. DIA.
(TOP
9/0028/80, Kazan Airframe Plant Gorbunov 22 (S), Sep 80 (TOP SECRET/
oreign Aircraft Production (FOAP) Communist World (U), Jun 81
3. DIA. DIN 35-5A, USSR: 1981 BACKFIRE Production (U) 050345Z, 4 Feb 82 (SECRET
4. DIA. DST-2660P-107-81-SAO Trends and Developments, Foreign Technology Weapons and Systems (U), 30
Nov 81 (TOP SECRET
REQUIREMENTS
COMIREX J02
Project 542061J
Distribution 86-004
RCA-09/0017/69, Kazan Airframe Plant Gorbunov 22 (S), Jan 69 (TOP SECRET/-
RCA-09/0013/76, Kazan Airframe Plant Gorbunov 22 (S), Jan 76 (TOP SECRET/-
R n Airframe Plant Gorbunov 22 (5), Jun 78 (TOP SECRET
(S) Comments and queries regarding this report are welcome. They may be directed to
Warsaw Pact Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC,
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