A SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00415R011500050001-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 26
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 31, 2001
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: May 16, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

? Ak:4-
24)
/FORM NO.
51.61
MAY 1949
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CLASSIFICATION PIEb TrtICT.615
SECURITY INFCRMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT NO.
INFORMATION REPORT CD NO.
COUNTRY Yugoslavia
SUBJECT A Summary of the Yugoslav Press
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE OF INFO
DATE DISTR. 16 May 1952
NO. OF PAGES 1
NO. OF ENCLS. 1
(LISTED BELOW)
25X1A
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
25X1A
25X1X
1. Attached hereto for your retention is a summary of the
Yugoslav press.
2. Although the cover sheet is classified "RESTRICTED", the
attachment is FREE."
nUillf.Vii iihS ENCIISIRE
0 ROT DETACIA
25X1A
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DO NOT DETACH
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLA1) PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and
periodicals. It is intended for the use of the participating
missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the trans-
lations is not !;uarenteed.
No 742
P.1. Headlines
P.2. Headlines
Headlines
P?3.
FROM OFFICIAL GAZETTE NO.11 OF THE 7TH MARCH
P.9. Decree on the use of Wages Funds and on earnings of workers
and employees of economic enterprises
. INDEX
of Borba of the 15th March
of Borba continued
of Politika of the 15th March
Headlines from the provincial press
15th March, 1952.
FROM BORBA OF THE 11TH MARCH
P40 Current problems of our iurisprudence
P.23. The USA and the conflict between the KinF, of Greece and
Yershal Papagos
FROM BORBA OF THE 14TH MARCH
P.17. Bel, ian delegate at Zagreb Peace Conference lectures on Yugo-
slavia
Press conference on reorganisation of People's Committees
Mexican Ambassador in YuLoslavia visits Council for Science
and Culture
P.18. World Federation of War Veterans and CARE organisation will
help us with the rehabilitation of our disabled men
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 14TH M4RCH
P.20. Education and amusements of our young people:. parents and
children (Editorial) -
P.24. Session of Council for Legislation and the Development of
People's Authorities of Government of FPRY: draft regulations
on organisation of People's Committees and on the new wages
and salaries system considered
FROM BORBA OF THE 15TH MARCH
P.A. Edvard Kardelj receives Meyer Cohen
Yugoslav Ambassador in Bonn presents his credentials
Reception in honour of Paul Ginsberg given by War 'Veterans'
Federation
Second regular session of the People's Assembly of S-rbia
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.HEADLINES
7 1 -
BORBA
15th March, 1952.
P .l THr ROT F OF PELSAT Of-LhMG CO-CPERT..VES ,..ND THEIR z'LLCE
IN THE ,:,0QI.LIST TR,,NSJ:OR-Pii,f1ON OF THE VILLAGE
Committees of the People's Assembly of th ETRY will meet
on the 21st -vierch
EDVARD K/ri.DELJ azCEIVES METER COHE
YUGOSLAV imJI,tb,boa I:, BONN PRESE.NTS HIS CHEiJENTILS
SECOIA) LCIUL,R SE IN OF 1,E PEOPLE'S LSSEMBLY OF SERBIA.
British Miners Union opposes Government budget proposals
Wetern Powers make new proposal to Soviet Un4or coneerninO:
/ustrian Peace Treaty (UP, '?,eshing.ton)
Creation of bases of worker administration: concerning an
irre ,uler decision (Editorial signed R.V.)concerning mining
enterprise)
P.2. The practice of local Party orenisations: accounts of
activities in districts of Bela Crkva, Tuzla,' and
Ljubljana
-1"
Celebration of Tit)'s 60th birthday: 1arethon reaches Zagreb
Preparations for elections of Workers' Councils: the
collectives of undertakings at 1,..oster from the point of
view of the elections
Financin;, of hostels for people working in industry end
industrial schools
CEIGO1S IN TriE SLIGULi,TIONS OF THE SOCILL ?LAN IN ENTERPRISES:
THE RELATIOSHIP BETEEN iRE Bi,NIK IND ENTL,HPISES
Protest ? meetinb in Negotin concerning foreign aircraft
. flying over our territory
P.3. CONVERSATIA ITH RULANIAN AIRMEN Tv140 ESCAPED
Yugoslavia will take part in International Hydrographic
Conference: hydro institute of our navy will 1;ropose
simplification of navigation services
P.4.
SLANDERS OF A NOTORIOUS F1SC:LST: CONCERNING -APPEAL OF
BISHOP SLNTIN TO Ci.RIJINAL SPELLMAN
Czechoslovak spY- tried in Salzburg
HiLh -ranking synLicate official expelled
*
from Italian CP
Truce in Korea: new proposals about prisoner-of-war problem
* ?
The ideals which have betrayed men (Article:by Jesus
Jernendez)
*
RECEPTION IN HONOUR OF PAUL GINSBERG-AT -,AR VETERANS'
FEIJERATION
Statement by fcheson on Economic Conference in WashinLton
UNO Commission on Disarmament: Malik attacks_ American plan
for disarmament
Setting up of working party of European Economic Commission
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P.4. Following Soviet proposals for a Peace Treety with Germany:
Grotewohl again opposes UN Commission
P.5. Insteed of bi trading enterprises, little ones will be
better in Belgrade: proposal ior reorcenisingtidiflg
network in Belgrade
* -
Workers Council elected in boat-building enterprise at
Cukarica
POLITTKA
P.,2, DISCUSSION ON THE STATE PLAN: TRAFiIC IS AN INDEeENDENT
- BRANCH OF MATERI,L 2AODUCTICN 1,HICH ENCIRCLES- TRASeORT
LAUSTRY AND IRNSPORT LINKS: ' C014,ENT ON LRTICLE ENTITLED
"WHAT GOODS TRAFFIC CONSISTS OF" (See .Bulletin No.726
26th February)
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NOVA MAKEDONIJA
March 11, 1952.
P.1; Social Plan of PR Macedonia is about to be produced in its
final shape.
P.3. Reasons why craftsmen leave co?operatives.
P.4. Regarding the struggle against abuse of socialist democracy:
(Regarding superstition and religious prejudices).
P.3.
March 13, 1952;
Fire?proof materials to be obtained from rice husks.
SLOVENSKI POROCEVALEC
March 3, 1952.
P.3. New oil wells opened in Croatia,
P.4. Eight railway bridges will be erected in Slovenia this year.
Sharp, but just disciplinpry punishment on Ivo Mihelic, school
manager, charged with eaucating the in.the'spirit
of ideology_hostila _to socialism.
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slwIT POBLEIi OF OUR JU'ISPRUDENCE
Borbats correspendent, Aleksendar Mancic, made a call upon the
President of the Supreme Court of the FPRY, Dr.Josip Hrncevic and
requested him to answer several questions in regard to the carry-
ing out of the decisions of the Fourth Plenum of the .73 CPY for the
further strengthening of jurisprudence.
uestim: What has been done since the Fourth Plenum of the
CC C in organisationa-1 srrangeuent-oreour zburtseand improv' ment
of material conditions?
Answer: On the basis of inspection and consultative meetings
with the ludges which are held in the Supreme Courts, it was
established that since the Fourth Plenum of the CC CPY visible
results have been obtained hitherto in the organisational arrange-
ments of our courts end creation of better material conditions for
normal functioning of judicial activities. In the meanwhile 37
new Regional Courts were formed, in the Vojvodina 2, Croatia 8,
B & H 8, Slovenia 2 in Macedonia 1, ' in Montenegro 1 and in
Serbia 12. On the territory of Yugoslavia we have 65 Regional
Courts while before We had only 28, We have 366 District Courts. '
A number of Courts have been brought back to their own build-
ings which were oz4Lmiaid by other state institutions after the
liberation. The Supr:Tle and Regional Courts are to a greet extent
filled with new ludges, end during theAA,15AeLemement of judges to
District Courts our Objective was that tnere should not be ond
District Court without at least one judge who has not passed his
final examinations as a judge.
By the coming into force of the decree concerning the salaries
of judges and Public Prosecutors the material position of the
judges has been improved, which is also one of the reasons that
a greeter number of finished students of law show a greeter
interest in joining the legal profession.
The Material Expenditure for the Law Courts has been increased to a
greet extent
One must underline that the increase in the number of courts
and their activities demands amongst other things an increase in
material expenditure. If we mark actual -expenditure for the needs
of the courts in 1951 with the'iridexl 100, then the average
materiel expenditure foreseen for the whole territory of Yugoslavia
for 1952 362. Above this average stands ? B & H with
457.9 and macedonia with 407, which is perfectly comprehensible
because the court buildings and furniture in B & H were destroyed
or damaged, while in Macedonia one had to form a greeter number of
courts. The index of material expenditure foreseen for the courts
in Croatia is 290.3, i.e., much below the general
average.,-
The cuestion of 'whether some of the Regional Courts ere needed
I think it is necessary that the problem should be examined
if one should form Regional Courts, w.aere they.are formed - for
exatple, is not the 'number of Reginal Courts in B.& H, in spite
of bad communications in some regions, too great; does Dalmatia
need four Regional Courts;, is not the Regional Court in Zagreb
which encompasses the precincts of the town of Zagreb and 14
District Courts too great? etc. In connection with this, one
should examine again if the selection of new ludges and their
aesienenent- was carried out in the best possible way everywhere
and should not one in this regard make certain small corrections.
In short; on the basis of inspecti-1 of activities of courts
and consultative meetings held in the Supreme Courts one should
carry out in a consequent manner and to the very end the
reorganisation of courts.
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Question: What progresiHhasbeen made in raising the
political and professional quality of judicial work:
Answer: The central problem of oUr jurisprudence is the
improvement of our political and professional quality of judicial
work. Has any success been obtained in this regard?
The recommendations of the Fourth Plenum of the
CC cry- concerning the further strengthening of jurisprudence and
law produced in the ranks of the judges lively interest and
gave them incitement to think today more and discuss more than
formerly concerning the character of our legislature and their role
in the struggle for a consequent appliance of law. One could
say that the decisions of the Fourth plenum moved the courts.
They are not any longer satisfied today to "execute their daily
tasks" but they imbue themselves both professionally end politi-
cally in their work and wish sincerely to justify the confidence
placed in them by representative bodies who elected them.
We have not vet obtained a vital improvement in judicial work
As a result of these strivings the quality of judicial
decisions has begun to improve. There is a much greater number
of sensible and convincing court decisions, particularly so in
the work of the Distric Court and yet we cannot say that we have
obtained a vital success in raising the quality of our juris-
prudence. It is evident that in this regard we will require a
longer period of tim& and struggle. If we assess the quality
of work of the courts by the number of quashed sentences passed
by District Courts we sce'tht'220 of sentences passed'iri criminal
acts by Regional and Distrf%ct Courts wore quashed an in Administra-
t*ve tCommon Lawrdisputes 33.5% .,
Putting aside the fact that the Iigher courts sometimes
quashed sentences of District Courts without sufficient foun-
dation, yet the percentage of unfounded District Court decisions
is too great, which shows that the quality of District Court
decisions is
And quashed decisions one can always still find
a larger number of such in which are expressed the formal - legis-
lative and backward conceptions of individual judges. Yet in
spite of these and other weaknesses one can say that our juris-
prudence, thanks to measures by the People's Authorities and the
strivings of the judges themselves, find in the
process of continuous improvement.
The ?strenxthening, and not_aegwealt.aimil
Question: What is the role and what is the contribution of
lay judges in the work of , councils and what problems
appear in the activities of Lae juries?
Answer: Our Supreme, District and Regional Courts in
criminal and communal law acts decide as a rule in Councils which
,are composed of a judge and two lay judges. All
the judges, both the permanent as well as the lay judges are
elected by representative bodies to whom the courts are res-
ponsible for their work. The lay judges at trials are equal in
everything permanent judges. The jury is that institu-
tion in our jurisprudence in which is realised the .participation
of the people in the execution of the law. Therefore, the
prospects of the further development is the strengthening, and
not the weakening of the , , am underlining this
because there are people amongst them and indivudil judges, who
because of different difficulties which in connection with
jury duties think wrongly that the jury shouid be abolished and
returned to the system of exclusively professional judges.
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JurnMen in O.ur. Courts .
In our courts participate nearly 56,000 jurymen of whom 88%
are men .and 12% women. A Regional Court on en average has 204
and the District Court '120 jurymen. What have our experiences so
far been with the jury and jurymen?
In,all,the courts where jurymen have been elected who are ,
capable ad true'to,the cause.of,socialism, where the jurymen
regularly responded to trials where they were active, we had
hitherto obtained good results. Such luryffieniintroduced at
trials progressive conceptions ond'consoqUently in euch.cases the
court decisions are ,enerolly legal 'ani just. hore these con-
ditions are not falfilledl where as jurymen have been elected
people who have not sufficient authority, w}:. they do not
respond regularly to cells. :or are passive and leave the whole
trial in the hands of the permanent judge - there the results are
bad.
In order to strengthen the role of the jury in our judic-ial
system it is necessary that the District People's Committees,
together with the Presidents of the District-and,aegionol Courts?
as early as possible, without waiting for the new law cOncerning.
the orgvaisation of the People's Courts should re-examine the com-
position and work of the jurymen on their territory. It is.par-
ticularly necessary that the weaker jurymen and those who irregu-
larly execute their juryman's tasks should be substituted by men
of authority, the most conscious men .frop the ,ranks of the
workers' syndicates and social inst1t4-tigns and orgenisetiOnS.
From the villages, as jurymen should be elected also the most
conscious cuopertaive members and individual peasantsv
Directors and cniefs must not prevent workers-jurymen from
going to trials. As jurymen one should not elect people who are
really overworked with other state and social actdvities/and the
jurymen must respond to the cells to go to trielibecause by not
coming or coming late they introduce disorder in the work of the
courts. The directors of enterpriSqs and heeds of institutions
must not prevent workers and employees who have been elected as
,jurymen.from attending trials.
I think that it would befnecessary jt..eforesee_in the new law
concerning the organiiation'OftheyPerTieS:cOlAr'tS thatjui...ymen
should be elected for one yearin-awah"St'thSall-fe person canbe
;re-electect several tithes as uryman, jlfl th ay the Composition
o? the jury will be ihiprove'd and .1.-tSrPU
!, ,
strengthened in the
execution of jurisPrudenCei
T422.12i2riLy_p_f_gaadfm by the Press ii Connection with Court
Activies is W 11-F unded.and its In luence i -Positive
t'S Question: Whot'coUlT"yAu:tellflmeo,Obout public criticism of
judicial work end'perticulrrly,in connection with critic:ism in the
daily presS? '
- Answer: Our courts 'r re respontible sft-lni their -work to repre-
sentative bodies which hove " elected thew; ,The District Regional
Courts send half-yearly reports td%the-Distriict People's 'Comffiittees
Concerning.ftheirowork, end since the Fourth 'Plenum of the .CC CPY
a greater numbei. of District Peeplets'-cemmittees bas in fact begun
to examine the problems of judicotur6 oriotheir.tei.ritOry. In the
same way our press too. treats actual problems of our judicial
practice. 4' f '
No doubt - t the acquaintance :of our public with problems of
jurisprudence and public discussion -shlOuld. be set upon a broader
basis. In this connection an imoortant tole sh)uld be, played by
jurists' associations. In this respecJt, the ouleAstila.
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of public criticism of judicial work is posed and perticulPrly if
it is suitable that the People's Committees publish their criticism
of judicial work based on concrete court decisions, or if they should
be only P criticism in general without reference to concrete judicial
decisions.
Some judges, ,namely, consider it es unjust that certain judicial
decisions should be discussed in public, specially in regard to pending
decisions, because such discussion can create tne irpression as if
pressure is exerted upon the _ . .
concrete case. On the other side it is underlined that unfounded
criticism, particularly if it is not Ifounded on consciencious
collection and right presentation of data might go to the detriment
of the reputation of the court,
Although there were individual cases of unjust criticism of
judicial work, one can say with certainty that the majority of
critical observations on the work of courts was based on principles
and that they had a positive influence on the courts, If criticism
is unfounded, each of our citizens, and even the court, has the
right to reply publicly to such criticism.
I believe that ounishment_fm...:g1g1Ls.AtabiaQUIP.alljallitliateiaLJIE
the people's property should be heavier .
Question: The judges are often criticised for meting out mild
sentences for thefts end embezzlement of the people's property.
Whet can you tell us in reL.,ard to them?
Answer: One of the problems in judging criminal acts represents
a ce-rraliiincreese of the criminal ect against socialist and private
property. No doubt that the increase in cricinal cases . in
courts'on one side, ii the result of the successful work by the
organs of the criminal services in exposing criminal acts but one
could not say that this is the sole cause for the increase in
criminal cases.
One sometimes thinks that the increase of criminal acts against
the property is exclusively the result of mild pubishment. There
are cases of unjustified mild punishments, particularly in the case
of 'recurrent offences, but this is not the only one and mein reason
for the increase of criminal cases.
Of the measures which we can carry out today to decrease
criminal acts egiainst property, in the first place against socialist
property, is the increase in vigility and control by the working
collective and every individual worker, employee and citizen in
regard to the protection and disposal of the people's property,
And further, one should brand morally and unmercifully punish those
who steal end embezzle. The protection of the people's property
is not only the affair of state organs, criminal services, public
prosecutor's offices and the court, it is a common affair of the
whole social community, in the flrst placP workers' colleptives.
There is no doubt that tiumnew system of management of social ?
economic enterprises and a new way of distributine, .ocial revenus
will be a powerful incitement for the struggle against thefts and
waste of socialist property. But besides this I consider that
this fight must be further sharpened and that the executors of
criminal acts of theft, embezzlement and waste of people's property
should te more sternly punished,
In regard to establishing sentences, I would like to point out
two sides of this question.
As I have already said, there are quite a number of cases where
courts meted out mild sentences to executors of heavy criminal acts.
We have cases that for thefts conditional sentences were passed and
that forcxampl(k_an...emhe_z
e ro Kemase-Offol 4 :s6tAtikiDi28/100r4t5IV1i)501905iCICelaty been
Tn
sentenceorlvt. e rsame ac to 3 yenrst imprisonment, obtained
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immediately upon his release employment and as middleman ; execu-
ted a number of serious embezzlements and damaged the state by
several hundred thousand dinars and for this act was sentenced to.on-
1Y 3 years 8 months' imprisonment. Such occurrences can no
longer be tolerated. As far as the general course is concerned in
meting out sentences, I consider that no need arises for some
mechanically linear sharpening of punic*ments. It is the
question that individual cases who are particularly serious and which
provoke dissatisfaction amongst the people should be _selected
justly and punished in an exemplary way.
A Treat number of divorce cases
What are the basic problems of iudicial practice in solving
cases of common law?
Answer: In the field of common law prel,matics one should
point out in the first place the sudden increase in common
law disputes. Lately the c-urt are very much occupied with
common law problems which arise in connection with development of
peasant agricultural co-o.perative,ism. One can say that the
courts nre striving hard to find not only legal,but also just
political f sp_lutions of these problems. And in doing this the .
courts have in mind both the protection of peasant agricultural
development as well as the protecti)n of guaranteed rights by law '
and the interests of individual peasants. There is no doubt that
amore detailed legal settlement of property relations in the
village will., ease and improve the work of the courts to a great
extent.
Of all. the other forms of common law disputes one should
point out particularly ane separately the great number of divorce
cases. In 1951 the courts solved 33,275 divorce cases. The
enormous majority demands a divorCe by stating that their martial
relations have been disturbed to such a measure that common life
has become insupportable. These cases are often very complicated
and in them are expressed differences in character, personal
habits, conceptions and interests of the married couple. These
disputes suffer the least frdm a patterned way of solution. In
solving these disputes the court must approach them with full
freedom of healthy judgment - having ,in mind on one side the
protection of the marriage and fathily, and on the other side the
protection of personal freedom of the married couple whom one
cannot force to livetogether,when this is insupportable. to them.
Personally?I'think it is justified that the solution of divorce
should be carried over from the competence of District to that
Of the Regional Courts.
4
. .
(ORA- 11th March, 1952). '
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immediately upon his release employment and as middleman ; execu-
ted a number of serious embezzlements and damaged the state by
several hundred thousand dinars and for this act was sentenced to.on-
1Y 3 years 8 months' imprisonment. Such occurrences can no
longer be tolerated. As far as the general course is concerned in
meting out sentences, I consider that no need arises for some
mechanically linear sharpening of punic*ments. It is the
question that individual cases who are particularly serious and which
provoke dissatisfaction amongst the people should be _selected
justly and punished in an exemplary way.
A Treat number of divorce cases
What are the basic problems of iudicial practice in solving
cases of common law?
Answer: In the field of common law prel,matics one should
point out in the first place the sudden increase in common
law disputes. Lately the c-urt are very much occupied with
common law problems which arise in connection with development of
peasant agricultural co-o.perative,ism. One can say that the
courts nre striving hard to find not only legal,but also just
political f sp_lutions of these problems. And in doing this the .
courts have in mind both the protection of peasant agricultural
development as well as the protecti)n of guaranteed rights by law '
and the interests of individual peasants. There is no doubt that
amore detailed legal settlement of property relations in the
village will., ease and improve the work of the courts to a great
extent.
Of all. the other forms of common law disputes one should
point out particularly ane separately the great number of divorce
cases. In 1951 the courts solved 33,275 divorce cases. The
enormous majority demands a divorCe by stating that their martial
relations have been disturbed to such a measure that common life
has become insupportable. These cases are often very complicated
and in them are expressed differences in character, personal
habits, conceptions and interests of the married couple. These
disputes suffer the least frdm a patterned way of solution. In
solving these disputes the court must approach them with full
freedom of healthy judgment - having ,in mind on one side the
protection of the marriage and fathily, and on the other side the
protection of personal freedom of the married couple whom one
cannot force to livetogether,when this is insupportable. to them.
Personally?I'think it is justified that the solution of divorce
should be carried over from the competence of District to that
Of the Regional Courts.
4
. .
(ORA- 11th March, 1952). '
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On the basis of the Art. 38, paragraph 2 of the Law on the
planned management of rational Economy and upon the proposal
of the President of the Federal'Couneil for Public Health and
Social 'Jelfare the Federal Government issues hereby the
following
DECREE
on the use of the wage fund and on earnings
- of workers and employees of economic enterprises
1. Basic proviaions
.A./.;t, 1
Workers and employees engaged by economic enterprises
are entitled to a specified remuneration for their exertions
Art.2
Remunerations or earnings are to be paid from the wage
fund established by eConomic enterprises in conformity with
special provisions. The extent of remuneration conforms to
the tariff specified by rules of economic enterprises (the
tariff rules). These rules are to be-adopted by the workers'
councils of enterprises in agreement with .a c-)mpetent labour
officer delegated on the part of the 'Central Council of Labour
Unions of Yugoslavia.
? This tariff is to serve at the aame time also as a basis
for estimating expences and calculating costs of particular
products of enterprises.
Art. 3
The extent of the realized earning of each worker and
employee depends both on the realization of tasksof each
worker and employee and on. consummation of the independent
plans of enterprises.
Art."
. The tariff items referred to bY-the tariffrules of the
enterprises ate not to be.below_the MiniMum'.tariff items spe-
cified by this.Decree.
Art. 5
Norms and other standards for 'estimating efficiency
are to be eStablished by enterprises independently.
Art. 6
The realized' wage fund is to be debited for earnings
and other remunerations of workers and employees connected
with the wage fund'.
The Tariff.Rulesof Enterprises
? Art.7
The draft, of the tariff ruled is to be prepared by the
managing board of the enterprise in question.
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The draft tariff rules must be placed for the perusal
of workers at least eight days prior to the meeting of the
workers' council which is to be convdked for the purpose of
passing such rules.
The adopted rules are to be forwarded to the competent
higher labour body for approval.
Rules cannot be implemented before they are approved
by the competent higher labour body.
The competent labour body is either to approve or make
its remarks on such rules at the latest within the period of
15 days. In case that such approval has not been given or
remarks made within such a period of time, rules are to be
considered as approved.
Art.8,
If the concerned enterprise and the competent labour
body would fail to reach an agreement with respect to the rules
the items or contoversy are to be settled by an arbitration
court formed by the Federal Government, PeOple's Republics
or People's Committees,
These arbitration c-)urts are to consist of three
members and three deputies of which one is to be delegated
by the concerned enterprise, another by the concerned labour
body and the third, which is at the same time the president,
by the competent economic-administrative body.
to:
Art.9
Every enterprise must as its tariff rules.
Art .10
The tariff rules of the enterprises refer particularly
1) The tariff items for determining earnings of
workers and employees, specified on the basis of the working
positions .or work done by them,
2) The method of establishing performance;
3) Remunerations in case of interruptions;
4) The method of computing and paying remunerations
and extending advances;
5) The authorizations extended to the managing
board and their rectors with regard to the question of determial.
.ng the tariff items for establishing earnings.
For working positions and work done by workers, the tariff
items refer as a rule to perforffiance per hour, and only in
exceptional cases to work done per, month.
For working positions of employees, the tariff items.
may refer either to work done per hour, pet day or per month.
In nassing the tariff rules the concerned en.,;erprises
are to decide to which time units their tariff items are to
refer.
L54;1
In case of necessity the managing boards may establish
the tariff items for determining earnings also for the provisional
workinr, nositi'ms which are not provided for by the rules,
adhering thereby to the relations established by the tariff rules.
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Art 11
The tariff rules are to specify the minimum period of
validity of establis4d wrms or other methods of determining
performance and proviarthe instances in which the established
norms and other methods of determining efficiency may be altered
even prior to the expiration of the specified period of time,
The tariff rules may authorise managing boards, directors
of enterprises or special commissions to establish norms for
particular jobs and dange some of them within the g;Lven
limits.
Workers' councils of particular enterprises are to issue
tariffs for all work done according to norms.
Art,12
All tariff rules must without fail have a provision
on the duration of tlieir validity.
In case that the workers' councils and competent labour
bodies should not request the substitution of the tariff rules
at the time of their expiration, their validity is to continue
for the same period of time,
One
enterprise:
enterprise,
nistrative
must propose
1. Upon the
2. Upon the
3. upon the
4. Upon the
body.
Art .13
the tariff rules for amendment :
demand of the labour body of the
demand of the workers' council of the
request of the higher labour body, and
demand of the competent econamicoadmi-
In case that the workers' council of the enterprise
and the competent higher labour body, or anyone of them,
would disagree with the demand for changing such rules, this
question is to be settled upon request by the arbitration
court in accordance with the Art.8 of this Decree.
Art.14
In case that the tariff rules do not comply to the
legal and other provisions, the economic-administrative body
may dem-nd that they should be brought into conformity with
the existing provisions, fixing the date for this.
If workers' councils and competent higher labour bodies
should fail to comply with such an order in a given period of
time, the economic-administrative body has the right to cancel
the rules as a whole or only provisions which are contrary to
the existing laws.
Against such decisions, cancelling rules or some of
their provisions, workers' councils of enterprises and labour
bodies which took part in passing them, may file their complaints
to the courts competent for administrative disputes.
The minimum tariffs
Art .15
The tariff items for determining earnings specified
by the rules are to be minimum:
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a) for workers
engaged on jobs requiring highly qualified skill,
30 dinars per hour;
e. gaged on jobs requiring qualified skill, 26 dinars
per hour;
engaged on jobs requiring semi-qualified skill, 23
dinArs per hour;
engaged on jobs requiring no qualification, 20
dirmrs per hour.
b) for employees
engaged on jobs reauiting highly qualified skill,
230 dinars per day or 6,000 dinars per month;
engaged on jobs requiring medium qualifications,
192 dinars per day or 5,000 dinars per month;
engaged on jobs requiring elementary skill,
.165 dinars per day or 4200, dinars per month;
engaged on aukilliary jobs 146 dinars per day or
3,800 dinars per month
IV. Calculation and payment of earnings of workers and
employees
Art .16
An economic enterprise may dispose only with the wage
fund realized in accordance with the Art.15 of the Regulation
on principles governing transactions of economic enterprises.
Art 17
Prior to their final calculations, means of the wage fund
are to be allocated., and payments made in full:
a) for remunerating persons trained in the enter-
prises also for its own requirements;
b) sick leave allowances for periods not exceeding
7 days;
c) annual leave remuneration;
d) transportation fares for workers and employees;
e) extra daily allowances for persons travelling
in official capacity or for those,transferred.
If an official journey is made upon the invitation or
order of an economic-Administrative or some, other kind of state
body or social organization, travelling expenses are to be borne
bv such a body.
Art.18 '
After making allocauions for payments stipulated under
Art.17, the remaining means are assigned to earnings af workers
and emp1oyees.andofo1lowing outlays_in-pr-ipor-ufon to the reali_
zation of so formed wage fund with respect to the total amount
of outlays made on account &f-the wage fund:
a) allowance for the spparation from family;
.b) Alldwance for the annUal leaves;
c) allowance for work done outside the. enterprise.
,
Outlays quoted under alb and c are not to exceed the
maximum amoUnts specified by ,provisions wh.i'cboi.nstit'Lvt'ed them
. , .
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Art .19
The basis for calculating earnings of workers and
employees of an enterprise in allocating means of the wage fund
in accordance with the Art.I8 of this Decree, is obtained
- by calculating* the achieved effect of work or the time spent
on P job of each worker or employee according; to the tariff item
fixed by the tariff rules for the working position or jobs
on which he is engaged.
Art 20
Particular enterprises may provide by their tariff
rules to divide their realized wage funds on particular
branches of production in proportion of their participation
in realizing income. In that case remuneration of indivi-
dual workers and employees is finally calculated within the
limits of such amounts for particular branches of production.
If An enterprise divides beforehand its realized wage
fund among its branches of production, its tPriff rules should
have provisions which are to settle the question of remunera-
tion of workers and employees of particular branches of pro-
duction who due to the objective reasois failed to realize
their task.
.Art.21
In case that the ratans of the realized wage fund of an
enterprise are not- sufficient even for the minimum tariff
items for workers and employees engaged by the enterprise
during the past computing period, the state is to ensure it
the required amounts up to that minimum.
Such an amount the enterprise is to divide according
to the provisions of its tariff rules.
Art. 22
Workers and employees of enterprises calculating their
income at the end of the business year participate in the final
division of wage fund if they are still working for the enter-
prise at the end of the period for which calculation is made,
or if they spent at least :three months in that enterprise during
that period (excepted are workers engaged for a season lasting
less than three 'months, in which case the minimum period may be
less ) ,provided that their working relations have been broken
through no fault of theirs.
Art 23
Earnings of workers and employees are paid to them after
: periods of time stipulated by the tariff rules.
If the wage fund of an enterprise cannot be established
within the periods stipulated by the tariff rules, workers and
employees are to receive advances at least once a month until
such wage fund, is established.
V RemunerAtion for overtime and night work.
Art 24
For hours spent in overtime work and that done on holidays
the tariff determined by the rules is to be increPsed by 50
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114
provided they are ordered to work overtime by competent body0
For employees,the tariff rates for overtime work may
be incrensed for 50%, provided that such an overtime work has
been found to be necessary and ordered by the managing board
of the enterprise in question. This provision does not refer
to the leading officer.
For every hour of the night work which has not been done
during the regular shift, the tariff rates fixed by the tariff
rules are increased by 12.5% for workers and employees.
VI. Supervision and procedure for filing Complaints
Art .25
Against decisions relating to the assignment of working
positions or jobs and to the determination of tariifs referring
to time or the effect of werk, workers and employees are entitled
to file their complaints to the managing boards of their enter-
prises within a period of eight days after such assignments or
passed decisions relating to tariff rates.
Workers rnd employees may also express their disagreement
with the calculation of the realized earnings with the remune-
ration for overtime and night work PS well PS with the norms
set up by the enterprise. Managing boards should pass their
decisions in connection with such complaints within a period
of eight days. SubMission of complaints of workers or employees
does not deprive them of the right to file their complaints to
the regular courts.
Lending officers, dissatisfied with their positions,
are to submit their complaints to the workers' council of their
respective enterprises.
Art.26
The competent economic-administrative bodies, financial
officers and those engaged by the office of the inspection of
work are authorized to supervise implementation of this Decree.
Art.27
The economic-administrative bodies are to execute the
general supervision of the implementation of the tariff rules.
The financial'officers are to supervise formation of
the wage fund.
Officers of the office of the inspection of work are to
supervise everything connected with particular tariff rates
and personal rights affecting earnings of individual workers.
Art.28
In performing their tasks, officers mentioned above are
authorized to examine books, premises, technical installations,
calculations and other financial documents of economic enter-
prises.
Art.29
If it should be found that the formation of the wage fund
was contrary to the existing provisions, the competent financial
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officer will issue his order for removing found irregularities
within a specified period of time. If the enterprise does not
comply with these orders in a given perioa of time, the
financial officer will request the competent branch of the
National Bank of the FPRY to stop payments to the concerned
enterprise for meeting Wages until it obeys his order.
Against orders issued by the financial officer on the
basis of the provision quoted above, the concerned enterpriSe
may file its complaint to. the competent higher financial body.
The execution of the order is not to be stopped by the complaint.
Officers of the office for the inspection of work may order,
within the limits of special provisions, removal on the spet of
Irregularities found out with respect to the particular tariff
rates and personal rights affedting workers wages.
Art.30
The President of the Federal Council, for Public Health
and Social Welfare is to issue in agreement with the Minister
of the National Defence special instructions regarding super-
vision and rights of the,officers of the insnection of work
in performing their tasks , in enterprises of the Ministry of the
National Defence'. -f
,? ? .?
VII. Provisional and closing provisions
"Art. 31
Provisions of this _Decree are also to be implemented
on workers and employees engaged by economic associations and
other economic organizations.
Art 32
For particular'ebonomi,cregions one may pass special
.:provisions regarding distribution of the wage fund and earnings
- ,
of workers anc-emiolOyees.
y
-
'Art,3,3
:. Pending the announcement of the tariff rules of an
enterprise, :wages determined on the basis of the existing
provisions are to be in effect but they are to be paid only
within the limits of the realiz6d.wage fund.
Art.34
Workers and employees engaged by ecOnoMic'enterprises
are to receive their wages; salaries and advances partly in
. industrial scrips entitling them to buy industrial goods at
- a rebatelof,80% The part which is to be paid in industrial
scrip's is to be determined by special provisions.
The Federal Economic Council 'may as its' decision
abolishing partiar'-pa'ythent of wages and advances in form of
industrial ,scrips.
Art 35 .
The detailed provisions for implementing this Decree
are to be passed by the President of the Federal Council for
Public Health, and. Social Welfare in agreement with the Pre-
sident of the Economic Counicl.:
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Art.36
? The ' 1-resident of the Federal Council for Public Health
and Social Welfare and the Federal Minister of Finance are
hereby authorized to pass in agreement with the President of
the Federal Council for Legislature and Promotion of People ' s?
Authority provisions relating to the travelling and moving
expenses of workers and employees engaged in economy
Art 3
. ,
-This Decree is to be effective frofn the date 'it
published inthe Official Gazette of the FPRY while payments
:referred thereby are to be Made as of ATTil 1 ,.1952.
This Decree' abrogates 411 the provisionS contrary to it.
Belgrade March.-5, 1952"
Signed by Josip Broz Tito 1 the Prime
.Min4ter, of. the FPRY, the, Minister
of the National Defence and Marshal
of Yugoslavia
Dr. Pavle Gregoric / - a Federal Minister
: and the President of the Council for
Public ' Health and Social Welfare
(SLUZBENI LIST Official Gazette #11 March I
1952)
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BELGI'N DELEGATE TO ZAGREB PEACE CONFERENCE LECTURES ON YUGOSLAVIA
The professor of history of art at the university of Brussels,
and member of the?Bel,l_an fcademy of Science, Henri Gregoire, who was
a delegate at the Peace Conference in Zagreb, has given a lecture on
Yugoslavia. Addressing a club of artists and writers in Tournais on
his impressions of his stay in our country, Professor Gregoire empha-
sized that communism in Yugoslavia is an authentic communism born of
the Liberation war, The leaders of this country, according to Mr.
Gregoire, have fostered a snirit of independence which, philosophically
and morally provides an explanation of the break with the Kremlin.
The war and courageous break with the Soviet Union was accomplished
by Yugoslavia entirely on her own. However, the desire for independence
and Peace which Yugoslavia demonstrated after the break with Russia
has resulted in her becOming very much better acquainted with the
outside world. This is shown by the holding ?of the Peace Conference
in Zagreb at which representatives of the western world met - poli-
ticians, intellectuals, trades union officials and journalists.
(POLITIKA - 14 March, 1952)
PRESS CONFERENCE ON THE REORONIaTION OF PEOPLE S COMMITTEES
In the Directorate of Information of the government of FPRY
a press conference was held yesterday morning. Thc assistant presi-
dent of the Council for LegisLation and the Development of People's
Authorities Leo Gerskovic answered questions put by foreign news
agencies and newspapers on the future organization and work of people's
committees and of local authorities in our country. The press repre-
sentatives were interested in the working methods of these authorities,
their relations with other state organizations and. in legislation in
connection with this reorganization.
Yugoslav journalists were present at the conference.
(POLITIKA - 14 March, 1952)
ME17.ICMg AT-BASSADOR IN YUGOSLAVIA VISITS COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE LND CULTURE
General Christobal Kardenas, Mexican Ambassador in Yugoslavia
this morning cisited the President of the Council for Science and
(Nature, Mr. Rodoljub Colakovic and presented him on behalf of the
Mexican Embassy with 120 records of the Yugoslav radio-station. On
the occasion of the presentation, at which the director of Radio
Belgrade Vjekoslav Prnic was present, the Ambassador said:
"I am very glad to have the task of presenting to your
Excellency, on behalf of my government and in token of its great
friendship with the Yugoslav people, these 120 gramophone records
of Mexican folk music, and of requesting that you broadcast them
over the Yugoslav radio when convenient.
It is the wish of my government to deepen still more the
traditional friendship which has always existed between our people
and thus I beg you, Mr. President to accept this gift which my
government has the pleasure of presenting to you as a token of
respect towards the people of Tugoslavia".
Thanking the Ambassador for the gift, Minister Rodoljub
Colakovic expressed his conviction that the cultural links betwen
Mexico and -Yugoslavia will continue to develop and strengthen.
(POLITIKA - 14 March,-1952)
_ -
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WORLD FEDERATION OF -AR VETLa Ts AND CARE ORGANIZATION WILL GIVE US
7217577777 THE PHYSICAL RHATIETTITITD OF OUR DISABLED MEN:
=1T-VIE-777-71==-17=T-C-7--HO RETURNED FROM
PARIS YESTERDAY
Lt.-General Miloje Milojevic, President of the Chief Committee
of the Union of War Disabled Veterans of Yugoslavia, arrived in Belgrade
from Paris yesterday. As Vice-President of the Executive Committee
of World Federation of War Veterans General Milojevic attended the
meeting of the Executive Committee which was held on the 8th and 9th
of March in Paris.
One of the main aims - the preservation af_peace in,the world.
On the question of a press representative what results has
the Federation achieved since the Belgrade session of the General
Assembly up till now and about the work of the Executive Committee
itself, General Milojevic said:
- The ,Executive Committee and special commissions tried to
carry out the decisions passed on that sessi,on. The greatest success
is achieved in preparing the plan forrehtbiIitation of' war disabled
veterans. To this effect a significant meeting of physicians-
orthopaedists will be held next month tn Paris.
In this period the Security Commission was active, The
Federation appeared to be a strong organisation whose main tasks are
to maintain the peace in the world.
-Has the question of rehabilitation i. of our war disabled
veterans been considered?
- Much time has been devoted to this question. Beside the
aid which we shall receive through the CARE organisation the
Federation itself will give full expert and material aid. It will,
from its own resources procure equipment necessary for the
Rehabilitation Centre of war disabled veterans, which is now being
established in Belgrade. The, more extensive plan of this aid Is
to comprise health officers of the United Nations Organisation.
Our protest against the trial at Lucca had a prompt response
On the qi)estion what has the Executive Committee decided in
connection with the protest letter of Veterans' Union of People's
Liberation War of Yugoslavia to the Committee concerning the trial
of 52 partisans at Lucca, Milojevic answered:
The Committee during its session received the telegram
of our Veterans' Union. The Chairman aOluaitted,the present delegates
with the bontents of the telegram and recommended that the discussion
on this question should be postponed till later. On our intervention
the protest has been put on the agenda, discussing later a lot about
it. Because, 11M. the proposal been accepted to determine later on
the attitude of the Federation, it would not be able to affect the
outcome of the trial. Our opinion is that in 'this case tl?e Federation
as an international organisation of war veterans, is under the
obligation to intermediate, -which was supported by other delegates.
The Belgian delegate M.Neuve Oemanded that a commission should be
set up at once whose members would go to Italy visiting the accused
and examining the circumstances under which the trial at Lucca is
being conducted. The Canadian delegate said that about this whole
case he will immediately report to his government and in the name
of Canadian War Veterans ask the government to be interested in the
unjustifiable trial of former Italian partisans.
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The Executive Committee as its representatives to the trial
at Lucca sent the member of the French Resistance Movement M.Roget
Parmelin.and Gilbert Harrison, and at the same timeisenditg-theitext4.
ofLthe protest telegram to the Italian Veterans' Uninion, demanding
it to assist the delegates in their tasks4
- I hope - concluded Miloje Nilojevic - that they and the
Federation will influence the course of the trial and improve the
position of accused Italian partisans.
(POLITIKA March 14, 1952)
SECOND REGULAR SESSION OF THE _NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF SERBIA:THE DEBATE
THE PROPOSED SOCIAL PLAN FOR HE VOJVODINA END KOSMET BEGINS
TODAY
The Second Regular Session of the National Assembly of Serbia
was opened yesterday. The session was opened by the President Isa
Jovanovic who read the Ukase of the Praesidium of the National Assembly
of Serbia on convening the Assembly. After this the a7enda was adopted.
On the agenda of the Second Regular Session of the National
Assembly is the debate on the proposed social plan of FPRY in
persuance of the Art.21 of the Law on planned administration of
national economy; draft law on social plans of the Authonomous
province of the Vojvodina endAuthonomous Region of Kosovo and Meto-
hija; draft law on bUdd'ets of the Authonomous Province of the Vojvo-
din ar., the AuthonOmous ReFion of Kosovo and PlAohija; draft lnw
on compliance of the provisions on offences to the laws of the People's
Republic of Serbia with the provisions of the Basic Law on Offences;
draft law on amendmening the law on craftsmanship; approval of the
decisicn of the Regional People's Committee of the Authonomous Region
of Kosovo and Metohija on the amendments of the rt.40 ef the Statute
of the negiar? approval of the Decrees of the Serbian government
passed 'between the First extraordinary and the Second regular session
of the National Assembly, on the basis of the authorization under
Art.1 of the Law on empowering the government Of Serbia to pass
decres concerning the ,National Economy; approval of the Ukase of the
Praesidium of the National Assembly of Serbia which have been passed
between The First extraordinary and the Second regular session; report
of the Mandate-Immunity Committee; report of the administrative
committee and the election of judges of the Supreme Court of the
People's epublic of Serbia.
The meeting was concluded after having accepted the agenda
and the next one was called for to-day at 9 a.m.
Objections on the proposed Social Plan of FPRY
The Committee for the Economic Plan and Finance of the National
Assembly of PR Serbia discussed at its meeting, held the day before
yesterday, objections by the Government of PR Serbia on the proposed
Social Plan of FPRY. At the meeting a letter of the Government of
PR Serbia to the National Assembly was read, in which it is emphasized
that the accumulation from the proposed Social Plan of FPRY can be
increased in PR Serbia by 6 billion 204 million dinars, and the
provided wage fund nnd personal income of individual producers by
7 billion 967 million dinars. This increase of the wage fund and the
personal income is the result of correction in the planned estimates,
in the first place in personal spendings of individual producers,
on the basis of the altered general price index of agricultural products.
The national revenue for PR Serbia can be raised by 14 billion 171
million dinars. In the Federal Social Plan the national revenue of
PR Serbia amounts to 316 billion and 729 million dinars. The Government
of PR Serbia considers however, that it should be 330 billion and
900 million dinars. The Director of the Chief Office for Planning of
PR Serbia 54riAlaci 201921/61/0?0130851#05501WMWtcs of the
objections.
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ImjalaTWIWNIUSELENTS OF OUR YOUNG PEOPLE PI,REITS AND
7,2 4,4,7773i,
In the youth organisations and amongst the people whose
profesion has linked them up with youth, discus:A.0ns often took
place about who should bear the greatest brunt in education.
It is not here the question of its purely professional part which
is gained in schools and in the universities, (of course the
school is here the most comnetentfacton) but of that second
part, which develops amongst youth e healthy spirit, 'taste, a feel-
ing for that which is nice and useful, for a correct attitude and
behaviour.
It is interesting to note, that in reger_L to thisncuestion"
- and it Axists since the liberation,as a problem or itself -
until a short time ego the opinions were divided. To make it clear
it was known that something should be done but it was not known
whet to do end how. It was attempted to discover tha roact tottte
Here are some different opinions. In youth organisations)
it was believed that the chief educational officers of the youth
should be youth or, anisations end schools. Professors in the
hiL,h schools were of the opinion that youth organisations in this
re ard cannot obtain any particular success, and thus they very
often emphasise that the eduction depended mainly upon parents.
Ind the parents? With due respect to exceptions, but more then
50% of them, on account of being too occupied 'with their work, were
much happier ' if.- somebody else - either the school or the
youth organisations took over the care of the education of
their sons and daughters.
To harmonise all these opinions was not a simple matter.
In this article of ours we have not the intention to make44but to
expose one of the reasons of strange occurrences end strivings
amongst our youth, about which we have already written, end whose
roofs are in the irresponsible and unhealthy ideas of young Men
in regard to amusements in not making differences between the
nice and the ugly, pleasant from unpleasant end useful from use-
less.
It is the question of parents concerninR, their relation
towards the children or vice versa, in fact about home education.
The youth organisation can offer to the young men an
ideoloFical orientation, (recreation, lectures, discussions end
working action)) it can Live them the possibility to assess their
capabilities (through different societies and suctions:, scienti-
fic, literary, etc.) The school gives a professional education.
And the home education? Home education is iven by the parents
because the home is the place where every men spends the greatest
part of ha time.
In the home education of youth there are not and cannot be
any rules. One thing is clear: home" education begins from the
earliest Jays and depends primarily on the parents and their con-
ceptions of education, their characteristics end culture. It
generally haoouns (with rare exce,tions) that the children of
the parents who like good reading (for which a particular proper
library is not needed) come to love reading from their early .
youth. Thr-)ugh the books they come to love also music and art
in Leneral, technique, medicine or anythin, else which is useful
to society. In this way they spend the greater part of their
free time, which they wDuld otherwise spend in the streets (often
with bad society, which for a young man is extremely infectious),
spend at home, with their parents?imoreasing their culture andan-
crease' the horizons and knowledge and 'views on ? the world. Andir,-
such young men and we will rarely see at the different
uncillturtmoionordRplika&.12002i0i/04QAC/AADP813n0b4jit RIA113300066001er there
!Orws.
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out of curiosity you can be.assured that they will never yearn
again for such cheap amusements.
It is cemerehensible that one cannot demand from a man to
spend all (e.y lone, readine books, at concerts, in cinemas or in
theatres. Youth Jemans jellity, amusements and recreation.
Recreation develops the spirit, beldness in rei4ard to
relations with people cna it has also a numeer ether .rood
virtues, But in .creatine these Pmusements one should have a
sense of preportjen and feeling for all that which corresponds to
the mentality of our people. le are not against iazz music. Jazz
music has its own charms, but naly the reel one, and not the
degenerated one, PS we have the occasion often to see and listen
to at canoes in our towns.
In any case it is impossible to "rescind" by .(1 decree
unwished for amusements, because we would in this way come to the
ether extreme: that there would be no amusements at all, For
the in)ro\ement of their quality time is necessary, but the
parents can influence their children, to instil into them every
day and carefully the criterion which will make the young people
capable of assessing what is useful and what is not,,
? There exists also another "problem" in home education. Free-
dom, which youth has won clurine the war, when it showed itself
that it is capable of deciding independently concerning its
future, is very often interpreted in a monstrous way. The
parents have a great deal of trouble with children when they,
for example, forbid them to come in late at ni(ht, The children
then try to "convince" them that these are not pre-war times when
the parents could forbid the children to "think freely". And the
cases are not rare that parents, in order that they should not
seem old-fashioned in the eyes nf the world, conceed when con-
fronted with such "arguments". And what results from all this?
Young men, thanks to such h-Tie educeti-,n do net think about any-
thing, about their future and life, end begin to think only
about amusements. These amusements in the first place they seek
in youth organisations. There, they ere alieneeed by dull con-
ferences and. lectures. In searching for amusements they come into
touch with"ne,er do wells", where they ,fain a wrong picture of
life & And the culmination of everything are coffee houses
and bars. Therefore we must be also clear on this occasion wiAt
freedom is which youth gained in the liberation struggle, It is
not freedom to "come home late at nieht" it is not freedom wast-
ing ones time in coffeehoirses and bars or becoming enthusiastic
about degenerated dance steps. This freedom consists, SD that
youth can learn and work freely, that every young an
can become that for which he is capable, to be able to develop
his capabilities and his inclinations to the fullest possibility.
But freedom alone is not sufficient. The one who wishes to
enjoy its fruits must also work,
? For the neglect of home education it is impossible to blame
only the parents. In the first place, practically in every family
today both the parents work and therefore they have not the time
to devote as much attention to their children as necessary4c
Further war has disarranged many families. There are cases with-
out number where the support and education is only taken oi by
one parent, father or mother, which anyhow is not an easy matter.
There are also a number of other thin ,s which disturb the whole
education of youth,
e have not the intention here to recommend a method of
home education. This is an absolutely personal affair and the
right of every parent to decide hnw and in whet way he will .
educate his children. Our objective is only to establish that
home education is of extreme im)ertance to a ycusee man and that
this should not be neglected, Yet, one should not understand
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this as if home education is everything. Young-men should not
be shut up in houses between four walls. Lately, the creation of
different societies for healthy amusements and recreation of youth
has been taking place. Here are some examples: une society
"For Boy and Girl Mountaineers" whose obiective is to develop
mountaineering, then, the Association "Partisan" which will take
care of physical culture, etc..
All these "forms" in education and recreation which youth can
have at home, in schools1,yRuh or7,anisaions and in societies,
which are now beeirv cre.ed.4"
bRnPEllienMP8ntg *Ege8P0- *mostly
for the future of their children should become the most active
collaborators of all these institutions, societies and organi-
sations which will take care of youth. If this is obtained, we
can hope that we will soon offer to our youth all that which is
needed for an overall development, which will tt&Ui them still
more for constructive work in the building of Lsocialist society.
(POLITIKA - 14th lviarch, 1952).
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FROM FOREIGN PRESS' 2
THE USA AND THE CONFLICT BETWEEN THE GREEK KING AND MARSHAL PAPAGOS
On March 6 the New York Times published an article by its
Washington correspondent which aroused very great interest in -0olitica1
circles in Athens and in the Greek press. The writer of the article
cjaimed that in America an anxiety was spreading because of the con-
sequences of the disagreement between King Paul and Marshal Papagos.
It was claimed in the article that this problem of Greece's internal
policy could lead to a weakening of unity and a losing of morale of
the Greek people and Army. According to the said article, the antip-
athy of King Paul. towarda Marshal Pa:pages seriously imperils Greece's
further military development,
"The-King's name6,.writes the papere "is coupled with certain
transfers. replacementS and promotions of those senior army and .
police officers who were friendly disposed towards Marshal Papagos
before the breaking out of the conflict between him and the Court in
Spring of this last year.
"The danger which the Americans are detecting consists of the
rep4tition of old accusations which may again make the Monarchy a
subject of quarrels among the Greek political parties. Official
American circles are hoping that King Paul will nevertheless raise the
Throne above political parties before its security is seriously
imperiled.
?The United States is justly interested in the preservation of
the stability of the Greek political institutions in general and of
the effectiveness of the Greek armed forces in narticular. This is
understandable because hundreds of millions of dollars have been spent
on the creation of the Greek.Army and on its training and equipment."
After then giving an entire history of the development of this
conflict, the writer of the article emphasizes,! "It is not without
interest for the Americans that the-attempt, to throw out of_theuflreek
Army anti tke seaUritl,force the most capable officers, just because
they are favourably disposed towards MarshalePapagos, is being
considered a thought-out gesture in. Athens."
The Greek Government hasedeniedethe.assertions made in this
article. It has declared that t*_easSertion that the King is mixing in
things and that he is particularlY'OpPOSOte Marshal Papagos' movement
is incorrect. The Government also 1(56.6 not ....admitthe assertion made
by the New York Times concerning the reasons for changes in the ton-
level positions in the Greek Army and police force.
The Athens Press is giving priority to comments of these events
The papers are mostly debating the question of whether the assertior,
made by the New York Times that the American official circles are
particularly interested in this conflict, is correct or not.
The paper Eliniki Imera, which is close to the Government claims
that the said article is in effect only a manoeuvre of Marshal 'Papagos
himself. "Papagos' followers have sent their agents to the USA",
writes the paper, "and have managed to nublish in the New York Times
false reports concerning the situation in Greece."
Meanwhile the Athens paper Vima has published an article written
by its Washington correspondent in which it is claimed that in the
official circles in Washington there really exists an "anxiety"
because of the events in Greece.
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