JOINT TRANSLATION SEVICE SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00415R011500070006-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 438
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 11, 2002
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: January 19, 1952
• Content Type: SUMMARY

.. THIS IS AKIN ENCIOSVflE TI
00 NOT DETACH
STATINTI
25X11
No,696 INDEX 19th January, 1952.
P.1. Headlines of'Borba of the 19th January
P.2. Headlines of Borba continued
Headlines of P-olitika of the 19th January
*
FROM BORBA OF THE 17TH JANUARY
P.3. Assembly of the Association of Lawyers of B & H
P.6, From the Soviet practice: a.year of further subjugation of.
Bulgaria
FROM BOR1.A OF THE 19TH JANUARY
P,9, The Irredentism of official Italian circles: a wrongly-
addressed letter
~;c
P.11, A new crime in Baragan
7;S
P.r:a. Dr.Blago ie Neskovic at a PF Conference in Zeleznik
British Public Worker in our country
P.2. Lotteries and games of chance under state control: a new
regulation
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 19TH JANUARY
P.13. Change in regulation on firearms, munitions and explosive
material.
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HEADLINES
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BORBA 19th January, ..1952.
P*1. UN Assembly: Yufloslav delegation favours definition of
aggression: its considers that the definition should be
precise and that it ought not to be restricted
Speech by Dr,Milan Bartos in the Law Committee
Sharp discussion concerning the interruption of the trial
of a group of workers in Barcelona: Vladimir Dedijer .
exposes the attempt of the Soviet delegation to make use
of this for pro?aga'ida purposes: debate in Committee
for Central Questions
Letter from Paris: Is the crisis in the French Cabinet
approaching its end? It Is nntici_-,)ated that the composition.
of the new government will be the same as the last
The course of the parliamentary session (Articles by
Miroslau Vitorovic)
DR.BLAGOJE NESKOVIC AT PF CONFERENCE IN.ZELEZNIK
BROM THE COMINFORM PRACTICE: A NEW CRIME IN B1:.Ri'_GAN
P..2? Hygienic education and prejudice: results of health work in
Morihov and Rojacki Kraj in Macedonia
Discussion on pro_-)osed state -elan:
Ten commissions study proposal for Belgrade plan
Course for the economic education of workers in Rijeka
Revision of norms concerning expenditure of material
and jobsites at 2enica
t
BRITISH FUBLIC Z,uORKER IN OUR COUNTRY
LOTTERIES AND GAMES OF CHANCE UNDER STATE CONTROL: NEW REGULATION
Construction of a factory for the making of pre-fabricated
houses in Macedonia
A human institution- home for convicted expectant mothers
(Article si ned LJ.IN. )
Pr3, Extension of negotiations in Pan Nun Jong:, North Korean
delegation awaits new concessions (Reuter) Pan Mun Jong)
Cessation of North Korean-Chinese attacks' (U-ndesignated
news r ep)ort from Tokyo)
Conference of Finance P:inisters of British Commonwealth
s (UP, London)
Anglo-American relations: new meeting between Truman and
Churchill (Reuter, Washington)
Reaction to Churchill's _)ropyosals in 111"ashington (UP, Wash-
Strengthening of design for a united policy in the Far
East (I.FP, Washington)
Latter from Athens: a storm at the beginning of the year
(Article by M..Avramovic )
THE IRREDENTISM OF OFFICIAL ITitLIt N CI.~CLBS: A VVROI'vGLY
ADDRESSED LETTER
World events: statement by Japanese 1 rime Minister
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Stop press: plenary session of. UN Assembly (AFP, Paris)
Political?Committee discusses reception of new members into UN
(Undesignsted news report from Paris)
Work of Trusteeship Council (Undesignated, Paris.)
USSR 'ha's not yet replied to. the invitation t b a meeting of
Deputy nisters (Undesigncted, London)
Anglo-American agreement dnnrerning Korea (Renter, Washing-
ton)
Egyl~tian protest' to General. Erskine (Una g* ;nated, Cairo)
? POLITIKA
a.nd Truman done towards
Report from London: what holit,ical -order, .is based on
unrestricted )o'ssibilities of com-ilaint, petition and on a number-'of
reouests for. renewed judgment of. lready settled affairs and relations,
regardless of the idea of the judged matter., established rights and
similar, which is secured fully by the ?)ower of ut-hority of -higher
officers .in administration in ' relation. to the lower ones, as-well as
with the urinci,jle that the hither. official. in authority- can.-amend or
abolish the decisions and conclusion of the lower officersin authority.
It.was?,considered .that such a system of organisation of authority
com )lies. fully to the needs `of a . modern state and to the volume and
im "ortance of tasks of state a dministrz,ti.on. in 711 sectors of state
and social life,
However, the administration, in the very , fulfilling? of tasks and
functions, in a great number of cases, decides concerning the rights
and oblii ations: of the citizens, both of individuals and corporate
bodies. The officers in administration, by their decisions in the
broad field of application of law , create or change. (amend), concrete
legal situations of individuals end cor)orate, bodies. Therefore the
equalisation of this. branch of Pctivities of officers in administra-
tion a.t that kind of 'their actiVitie,s, in which they decide concerning
matters of oneral interest, con.ce-"i inp; tasks of economy and. its
develo-oment, as well as cons-rninre other state and socia'l." tasks and
objectives, had to lead u) to a situati.on where. it sh.owe.d itself as
unfounded end4njustified in two ways. ' ~In t_,;, ' "first -):Lace the
im lo:rtance of r::s ?on.sibility in deciding;. t'-ese ' other . tasks eliminated
the necessary attention while e.xaminin~-:: and deciding the first ones,
Or the other way about, grater engagement in deciding the first
tasks was or could be detrimental to the necessary attention in
deciding these other tasks. Ex-oerience has shown that the lack of
control in administrative procedure can be executed on:1y in fairly
restricted established limits. And in spite of tho.fact that the
hitherto forms of control over the work in e dministration 'was an
im )ortant means fbr'secur. ink; law, such control could not still give
the necessary . guarantees. for .the - >rotection of citizens' ri.;hts.
The shortcomings of such a system of control lie also in the .fact that
the citizens had not the right to start by themselves proceedings
for the abolition of rescinding of acts which they consider as
illegal, because the starting of these ')roc.eedin;s depended on the
will of the higher organ in administration, namely on the Public
Prosecutor, On the other side it a ~,,~
offiaars i rAt liFMr~dq_209 8 9 }(~n i T e 0 t~ee7 , c ion of
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set tasks (f6 . r example,- taxes, com:aulsory ;urch.sse?.,and samilar).:would
be liable' to `take primer!. rcere about the need ,of fulfillln' ..' these
tasks, and thet th,e:y: would jay less attention to the interests of
indit idur ls, i,~nd fine ll`r, the final ,judgment rendered on acts of law
of of:ficer:ss,. in a dministration. is in the hands, of the administration
itself, ;ar-.d therefore: it is quite c__-rr " -it. such .'a system ;-Vould
not secure a` c )ntrol of the. law in the Q..ork of the administration as a
whole, The. introduction of administrative ,judicature changes basically
this state of affairs; The control over the work 'of officers 'in admin-
istration when they create or change with-their acts concrete positions
of individuals and corporate bodies makes this more ob.iective.- The
right of control in administrative-judicial )rocedure obtains large
limits, because puts individual and corporate bodies on an equal
footing with the officers in administration, whose acts in regard to
the right aaplication of the law are challenged, one comes to the
contradictory exposing of the fact which characterise an established
legal case. A constructive struggle begins for the right application
of the law intellectual effort of the participators is deepened
for correct legal conceptions and thus is given not only the greatest
possible degree of guarantee to citizens' rights but also the authority
officers in administration- and jracticQ in their work is strengthened,
The objective criterion both for authority and )ractice of adminis-
tration is contained in Article 8 of the Constitution of the FPRY,
where the 3r.inciple is proclaimed that all acts of officers in adminis-
tration must be based u.--)on law. Therefore the appliance of this
princi-ple and the securing of its appliance by way of administrative
judicature is in no way and cannot be &n,-'contradiction with the system
of legislature and the conditions of our constitutional and social
order. The appliance of these jprinciples- is not-in the some way in
contradiction with but in fact in full harmony with the dynamics of
our development and with the basic )ostuletions of itz socialist essence,
because the strengthening of control of law in the domain of citizen's
rights stress in the first plane the basic idea of this essence, namely,
that the total effort in the direction of creating socialist social
relations has as its ultimate goal - the securing of the citizens'
rights, the respect of the human dignity -nr-' _-_a7_isetion of their
better and ha ?ier life. The ap d1.iarynce of this principle is in full
harmony with the idea of democratic centralism, because the intro-
duction of administrative judicature represents a step further in the
development of the organisation of control of administration and the
securing of general lawfullness in the c-untry. And finally, the
quantitative volume and im,ortance of tasks of a modern state is thus
practically and qualitatively overcome, because on one whole sector of
state and social life the set tasks are realised in oroceeddre-which
alleviates and secures the correct ap )lication of the law and besides
offers the greatest )ossibilities to the administration to pay the
necessary attention to the realisation of numerous tasks in all other
sectors of state and social life. This is com )rehensible because tlaa
practice of administrative collegiums of su.reme courts will alleviate
and conform the work and activities of organs in administration in the
voluminous domain of the appliance of law, where the taking of action
An administrative disputes is out of place.
(Sd`) S.
(R PUBLIKA - 22nd January, 1952),
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NEW REGUL .` IOP~S - 'LRP~I33IONS .I'~OR DUING CONS'1LRUCTIOI WORK
The Government of PR Serbia has issued a regulation cancelling
all the permits for doing construction.. work issued previously to
private enterprises. The possessors of these permits-,are obligated
to stop all construction work within seven days from the date of
the entry into effect of this regulation and to start liquidating
the work which they had been doing and which will be taken over by
state-owned construction enterprises3. The construction agencies
of the peoples committees of districts and towns will. exercise
control over the application of this regulation. (Tanjug)
(20 OKTOBAR - 22nd January, 1952)
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DR. VLADIMIR VELEBIT PRESENTS HIS CREDENTIALS ' IN ROME. "
Rome 22nd, January.
`This morning the.ew Minister, of the- F. P. R, Y, in Rome,,
Dr, Vladimir Ve.leb t,..presente.d.hie credenti&ls to the.,Pr.esident
of-theItalian. Government, Luigi Einaudi." present on this occasion
were Dauber Soldatic,'and Nikola Dumio, ; counsellors 'at the
Jugoelav Legation, ,Lt;--Colonel Rudi Kodriv,. military attache, and
(BORBA - 23rd:, J answw' 1952
EDWARD KARDELJ RECEIVES NEW DANISH MINISTER. MR.-ROLF'? IAER.
Belgrade 22nd. January)
At half-past twelve today, Edward Kar'delj, vice-president
of the government and Minister of:.F"creign ffaira., reQeived Mr.
Rolf Kiss,; newly-appointed Dani sIi . Envoy Extraordinary and Minister .
Plenipotentiary to the F. P.R.Y. (Tanjug)
(BBORBA -,,23rd. January 1952).
ANEW REQUEST FOR THE SURRENDER OF ARTUKOVIC..
ew o "22nd,. January
At.the,annual assembly of the Society of Ju oslav Jews in
the U.S., which'has been held.in New York recently, displeasure
was agaain?expressed concerning the continued freedom of the war-
criminal Artukovic. The assembly unanimously adopted a resolution
that a telegram should be sent to the American Lepar-tment'of
Justice, requesting that proceedings for the surrender of
Artukkovic be completed as aeon as possible, ej,nce he must-anawer
before a Yugoslav court for the crimes he conimi.tted during the.
terrorist Ustasi ruled
(BORBA 23rd. January 1952)
EW SOVIET PROPOGANDA MANOEVRING CONOERNING KASHMIR.
(arachi 22nd. January
According to a U.. P. report, diplomatic observers in
Pakistan. consider that Soviet attacks on U.N. efforts to resolve
the four-year dispute between"India and Pakistan concerning
Kashmir, may be an indication of an intensification.o'-the cold
wetr in this part of the world. However, many think that the
statement of the Soviet .delegate, Jakob Malik, in the Security" `
Council is a pro ,og.nda manoeuvre which aims at affecting the
elections In India or at preventing the rapprochemnt. betwe"e.rt the
USA and India of which there have been signs.
In Pakistan, the., chief opinion is that the Soviet Union would
take care to. maintain this permanent source-,of 'hostility and porman
ent danger of wa.r?.,b(.twern India, and Pakistan, "which. the Kashmir
dispute provides,.. This taould, serve. s a ,means of " expansion of
Soviet influence in ., these .areas. Thus, certain obs ;rvcrs point out
that the USSR 'would be able'to achieve a good deal if a weak and'
independent Kashmir were to continue on the borders of China,.
instead of: a rels.tivrly strong part of Pakistan or India, (Tanjug)
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L i,TINU (Jr THE CLUB Q I 'LE 16 Rai tLLU JNTs'i' I .I]S OF ' i ; i'i' SLR-DI A
CLOSER TUNTACT'uvITH OTLR5: 7775OSI,Lb iJfu CU ~,CLULIU~;; CU?'NC'N'ING
T 7,T ?,;( I
Last night in the small hall of the n e t i onal Assembly of the FPRY
a meeting was held of the club :of members of Parliament of the PF
Serbia, at which were present 'the de )uties of the Federal and
Reoubl.ican Assembly who are in Belgrade; - The presiderit,of the club,
Deputy Rista I ntunovic, o,o;ene . th..e meetinp and s )oke about the most
im?ortant problems which are now being discussed - concerning, measures
which are being carried out and. which should be explained to the
voters. Similar meetings', ere-being held also in the Regions with
deputies, who are on the terrain,
Many discussions are tak.in; ,place now in the districts and towns,
in PF and 'syndicate organise ti.ons concerning this year''s Social Plan.
The tax collection is also an 'irip.ortent question concerning :which the
deputies might discuss with the`voters., In-some districts they are
occurrences where`taxes'are not collected as they should be. Somewhere
they are assessed too high and somewhere too low. The deputies could
contribute a great deal.:by explaining the directives of the CC CPY
concerning the further social transformation of the village at the
moment when they are visiting villages, peasent working o-operatives,
mechanisation fund, etc. Further, elections for the committees of
basic PF organisations are already ; b.e.ing. carried - through in' Serbia
From reports hitherto it can be seen 'that there' is a la;'ck' of.'vitality
and -'olitical s tru gle within the, PF here ' a nd there ,' that in Committees
unworthy oeoule are infiltra.ed' p.s .Leaders of: the ? :front and .that also
in some places the elections: are not, tnkinF; .)lace in .;the new, way,'
which i$, more democratic tkram fcx?in.. rly. e ~pizties c oul:d e Main
also actual questions :from. pour ;f;orei rn )ol1cy in w-} i-,ch our people are
greata.y,,intere sted.
Some deputies have been lately`visitin , their electoral districts,
parti.ci osted at -??lenums of t h e - and the PF, talked
with their electors and relied to-their c,uestions.and intervened on
th
-
eir behalf on
Justified com~)lai:nts and similar.
This meeting of deputies was . .:consultative' one how and in what
way they'could contribute . mostly. to the 'best- way of carrying out
different economic and other mes;?sures.. The deputies gave several
useful ,o:)ro )osals.
The Deputy Sinisa Stankovic pro:. nosed that in future at such and
similar meetings individual economic q.uesti,ons with concrete examples
should be explained, because de uties work on different sectors and
cannot be well-informed about everything.
The Deputy Tika Janie -oroposed that in future should be held
meetings at which the. deputies pose questions from different
fields and het answers from men who know these problems well. -The
deputy Aleksandar Sevic:.Dojnted out the necessity of holding
conferences after the carrying.-out, of some measures or campaigns at
which-they could a kind of:. recapitulation after their return from
the terrain.
t the meetirim it wa.s decided that the d eputies should set up
a still firmer contact with the ele'ctcrrtr to visit their electcmal
districts more often because iJractice has shown how great their help
can be in solving different problems. l.t wc.,, :iso decided that meet-
ings of deputie s should be held more often, namely as necessity arises
where they'would be more fully acquainted with actual )roblems.
decided that the Social Plan should be discussed at the next meetiIt was
ngs
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f BORBA - 23rd January,l942 )
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NEW HUHG.ARIAN~. PROVOCATION ON THE' BORDER'.-: YUG0SLT V ;FRONTIER
3 SEVEREET WO DE1~
" j
I
GUAR -7A K r I 1 ' A
(Belgrade',' 22nd January)
An Hungarian patrol which in company of a'person wearing
civilian..clothes was.moving in the frontier sector nine and a half
kilomItr.es.due northeast of Subotica in the vicinity. of Post No.
117 yesterday beforenoon fired on a Yugoslav sentinel in 'the
region who was standing at a place 2.50 metres.. inside Yugoslav
territory.:.One of the.shots fired by the Hungarians severely
wounded the Yugoslav frontier guardsman Alil I,Talisevski., who was
born in 1929 in the village of Pohum in the district of Struga.
When another Yugoslav frontier guardsman came to the assistance
of wounded 1"'alisevski, the Hunga.rian patrol fired at him also.
The Hungarian soldiers. fired another six shots on two other Yugo-
slav frontier guardsmen coming to the rescue of their wounded
comrade.
The wounded Yugoslav frontier guardsman, A%Tali.sevski, was
immediately taken to a hospital in Subotica where an urgent
operation was performed.
This most recent hostile action of the Hungarian soldiers
together with other aggressive actions carried out by Hungarian
armed forces on the Yugoslav-Hungarian border recently reveal
the intention of the Hungarian Government to maintain by inciting
and carrying out such and similar provocations the existing
strained situation on the Yugoslav-Hungarian frontier.
In connection with this most recent planned aggressive action
by the Hungarian frontier guards, the I'Tinistry of Foreign Affairs
of the FPRY will take corresponding steps with the Hungarian
Government. (Tanjug)
(BORBA - 23rd January, 1952)
PROTESTS OVER THE HOSTILE ACTIONS OF THE BULGARIAN AND HUNGARIAN
NM. NTH -
(Belgrade, 23rd Janu-ary)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the FFRY is every day
receiving telegrams and letters from mass organisations and people's
committees from all over. the country in which most energetic
protests are registered over the most recently committed crimes by
the Bulgarian Cominformists who condemned to death Yugoslav
citizens Danilo Doncic and Tafil Redzepov. In the protest resolution
passed at the meeting of the War Veterans Association of the
Razanj district, it is said in part: "Wde believed. that the misdeeds
performed by the Bulgarian Fascists during the Second World War in
a number of places in the Razanj district were the last crimes
committed by the enemies of brotherhood and friendly cooperation
between our country and Bulgaria. In the interest of peace and
friendship we have been prepared to forget the past. However,
despite all this the Bulgarian authorities are continuing their
crimes against our peoples. This shows that there is no difference
at all between the former ruling group in Bulgaria and the present
one.' The citizens of the town of `,,'ranje, which is the birthplace
of convicted Danilo Doncic, also point out in a resolution taken
at their protest meeting that the past and present crimes of the
Bulgarian power-holders show that there is no difference,at all
between the Bulgarian Fascists and the Bulgarian Cominformists.
In the resolution a demand is made.that the Bulgarian Government
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immediatoly stop its hostile activity towards Yugoslavia. It is
also stated that the citizens of Vranje most energetically support
all the efforts made by the Government of the FPRY to save the
innocent lives of Yugoslav citizens in Bulgaria.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the FFRY has also received
a protest resolution passed by the inhabitants of he Slatina
Radenci district in connection with the forcible annexation of the
Yugoslav islet in the Mura River by the Hungarian soldiers.
Enumerating the crimes committed by Hungarian Fascists in the past
and those committed now by the ' Hungarian Cominformists against the
Yugoslav peoples, by order of 1~Moscow, the protest resolution also
states that the. Cominformists ',aggressors had hoped that the.
forcible occupation of the Yugoslav islet would provoke armed
reaction by Yugoslavia so that they would be able to accuse Yugo-
slavia of alleged, attack on Hungary.
(!,BORB.A - 23rd January, 1952).
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EDITORIAL COPLENT ON L,,TEST HUNGARIAN J HO\ OCAT1UN
The Hungarian Cominformists have not stopped at the seizure of the
Yugoslav .island on the river .1N_.ura. Their frontier -patrols have heavily
wounded our frontier guard Alil- Malisevski. Both are hostile acts
directed agai.nst Yugoslavia, executed at the moment.when the,General
Assembly of the UN is still in session and where the delegates of the
Cominform countries tried their best to Go'nvince.the world : of ' peace-
lovingness of-their policy,. However, the democratic public has once
more been convinced that on the borders of Yugoslavia`.the systematic
policy of )rovocation as a part of the a,greesive anti *Yugoslav withhunt
is continued.
This latest criminal attack of Hun: ari_an Frontier guards u,?on the
the guardian of our fatherland )roves only that the aggressive )olicy
of Cominform countries against `(ugoslavia.is not changing and that the
Yugoslav Government wars ' in the ri, ht a short time ago when it Jointed
out at the UN the danger which threatens peace from.that side. The
provocative seizure of the Yugoslav island on the Mura which was
executed-by the Hun;a.rian frontier military units, the sentences of
death gassed on innocent Yu osla v citizens at the Plovdiv trial and
the )resent .criminal. attack u?on the Yugoslav border guard are new-
exam,les of aggressive ?jressure u)on our country.
The object which the Cominformist Governments attempt to obtain
with these latest aggressive attacks u)on Yugoslavia is quite clear.
The'. attention of world ?.ublic o:.)inion must be everted from these
noh2'pea,celoving acts and uresent Yugoslavia as the su yosed aggressor.
Yugoslavia should be held exclusively responsible for all that which
ha-)--)ens in this :)art of, the world, which endangers peace, - namely
to me'ke Yurg-;oslavia :responsible for their own aggressive and non
peaceloving ;ool'icy.
On the other hand, the Cominformists on the borders of Yugoslavia
seem to be nervous because of the situation in their own countries-so
that; they compete in hostile.-acts towards. Yugoslavia. The peoples of
Cominform countries live in insu )portable 'worsting; and living conditions,
thanks to the" orotherly"aid of the USSR. But all these falsehoods
and tricks of Cominformist regimes cannot hide the truth about Yu=o-
slavia who, without anybody's tutorship, lives independently and who
is building herself up with her own forces, ?p
Because of all this, the ^'overnments of these countries, sub,jut'ated to
Moscow's policy, attern~t by means of -)rovocat.ions on the Yugoslav
borders and by sta, ini: anti-Yugoslav tria1s,tfl4 vert the attention of
their own masses from the positive exam)le of Yug,oslavia. Such acts
prove once. more what means have to be us?.d by the Cominformist Govern-
ments in order that they might hold their masses in obedience, and on
the other side, to Justify the confidence which is shown to them by
their- Kr~zn.iin masters.
The true character of this latest )r.cvocation by Hungarian frontier
organs on the Yugoslav-Hungarian border cannot be hidden. The Hungarian
Cominformists have once more shown that they are carrying out against
Yugoslavia an aggressive )olicy dictated by v!oscow, The whole world
knows that such a policy endangers peace. The Hungarian
Government, by the seizure of the Yugoslav island on the Mura river
showed that it does not care about the )er ceful solution 'of disputes
with Yugosle via. Ignoring the decision of the UN. that the countn es of
the Soviet bloc are res.)onsible for t1 tense situation in the Balkans,
the Hungarian Government with this latest border provocation takes the
whole responsibility for its aggressive acts against Yugoslavia
(Sd.) D.Ka.
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REPRESENTATIVE OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION IN BELGRADE
Mrs.Ethel Wigmore, representative of the World Health
Organisation for the., problemsof organisation and improvement
of medical libraries, arrived in Belgrade from Geneva.. She is
to acquaint herself in Yugoslavia with our medical library
service, study its organisation and give suggestions for its
improvement, To this purpose she will, during her twenty day
sojourn in t.ur country, visit all our medical library centres in
Belgrade, Zagreb, Sarajevo, Ljubljana and Skoplje.
(POLITIKA, 23 January 1952)
NEW WAY QF ISSUING; IMPORT AND EXPORT PERMITS IN FOREIGN TRADE
. Specialists for foreign trade are preparing; a new decree
by which the way of issuing import and export permits to individual
enterprises dealinF.with this business will be rerrulated. It is
probable that the permits will be issued only to those enterprises
which are able to transact business with foreign firms successfully,
and in comformity with economic needs of our country. The licences
will precisely determine which articles can be imported or exported.
All permits for import and export as well'as for payment will
be issued by the Secretariate,of the Chief-Office of National Br-1,,k
in Belgrade or its agencies it centres of National Bank in Republics.
This Secretariate will in fact 'be manupulative-administrative organ
of the Committee for foreign trade business. Licences.for transacting
import and export businesa already-issued.by the former Ministry,
of Forei7,n Trade of FPRY?will cease to be in effect and must be
renewed by the Council for Trade of 'the FPRY Government. Institutions
and enterprises not in possession of new licences will not be able
to deal with such business. They will be able to complete the
already entered business unless it is not tranferred to another
authorised. enterprise.
(POLITIKA, 23 January 1952)
PEASANT WORKING CO-OPERATIVES IN CROATIA SPENT'ABOUT 466 MILLION
DINARS FOR THE IIMPSOVE17,ENT OFiPRODUC ION
(Zarrreb, January 22)
Last year the peasant working co-operatives in Croatia set
aside 466 million dinars from funds. For this amount co-operatives
purchased in our country and.abroad tractor^, various agricultural
machines, breed animals,'seeds and various implements for more
successful work in peasant working=g, co-operatives.
(POLITIKA, 23 January 1952)
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-14
THE, 1"SOVIETISATiUN11 U ..' nUNICI!.RY:
~?iiKOSI I C=t T TI ~YU K RS
On 12th January a meeting was held n. l.udP ooe.st the leaders of
the more im )ortant ,economic enter2rises.?which occu. )y themselves with
this year's planned tasks.' Speeches which Rakosi and G-ere held on
this occasion prove that the Hungarian economy does not execute the
tasks as set in the framework of Moscow's Dians. Gere in fact did
mention a figure according'to which the total production plan of
Hungarian industry for 1951 hens been "fulfilled end surpassed". But
at the same time he. informed his 'eud.ience that the coal mines and
oil -'Drociucti on did not- fulfill the elan and that in metallurgy matters
did not go smoothly,, These ~.re the industrial branches, which in the
Soviet plans for building up war industry-in,-Hungary have..a decisive
im-:1ortance,.
However, Rakosi and his collaborators cannot be blamed for not
"striving" sufficiently for the fulfillment of the plan. They held
innum~rsble speeches,.they introduced "Soviet methods of work" accepted
a whole army of "brotherly ex )erts" , introduced "shifts of peace"
in honour of Stalin.. Besides this they continually threatened the
workers. However., all this did not help much. On this account the
pressure u)on the workers has~:taken enormous proportions, which h us
the.objective of forcing the workers to produce as much as possib:.e
with the lowest possible . wa -e s. -
Measures against s'undisci'alined" workers
The leaders of economic.enterprises were authorised a long time ago
to penalise independently "undisciilined workers", The -Budapest
masters remind them very often of the rii hts which they have on the
basis of the "holy' princi Dles of individual management of enter-
prises copied from the USSR.
By the principle: "You hold the workers responsible and we will
hold you responsible", the leaders in economy and directors have
been brought into the position, willy nilly, of becoming the closest
accom)lices of the bureaucratic leaders in oppression and exploitation
of workers. Rakosi boasts with pride that the participation of
workers in the management of factories, which was necessary in the
period of taking over enterprises from capitalists has been fully
substituted by the individual !power and authority of directors,
foremen, etc. He is proud of the process in which the workers
are deorived of the least participation in the. mars gement of enter-
prises,
This is what Gere says: "The responsibility of the managers has
increased, the individual character of managing; economy has come to
the fore..... But therefore directors in many places are still named
'leaders of enterprises' because they are afraid that the name
'director', sounds somehow bourgeois."
Gere continues: "In other places they go to the other extremity
and ..... name the director in a bourgeois way 'leader' although it
is a well-known fact in our country that we have only one leader, our
beloved Comrade Rakosi'".
Forced labour for absenteeism
1,s a su i -,lement to the rights of the directors to ?enalise workers,
the Supreme Court of Hungary brought a decision a short time ago
"concerning iudiciel protection of national economy". By this
decision the violation of workin; d.i r-c '1 ire is cue lif.ied as a
criminal act for workers who violate workin, disci dint are foreseen
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penalties of an "educational" character . . from one month to two years.
The sentences are served at the earlier workin ale ce of the ciil grit
with decreasedyfYom 10 to 2.5%. If the worker violates e ain work-
inp disci line his sentence can be changed into hard labour. Zany
such sentences have been already >assed on the basis of this decision
by Reeionel.Courts.
This decision of the Supreme Court of ungary represents in fact
the. interpretation of the "bode concernin. work" which has been passed
as early as January 1951. This law derived the workers of the right
to change their places`of em?loyment according to their wish. Its new
interpretation has the Jur-)ose of.forcing the worker by fear to work.
Besides, the increase in the number..of sentenced: workers should
"decrease" the costs of )roduction,
"The raisinp of the level of .3roduction" and the penalising of
workers has not solved the )roblem of im)rovin-, working discipline,
harmonising .the temyoo.,of work and ;-)roduction of qualitative )roducts.
The causes for non-disci:)line in work, low :)roductiveness of work
and bad quality of work is the' disinterestedness of the workers ?hecause
they know-that they are not working-: for t:.ei::c."~_ves, and all the
ndertaken by the Budapest masters for ~uttin; them
measures which are undertaken-by,
aside are necessarily a failure,
(Summary)
(Sd.) G.A.
t''0LLI?TIKA - .23rd January, 1952
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THIS IS AN ENCLOSURE
00 NOT DETACH
Soviet Union In note announcing this decriraon men uion is nac e
Ital 11-411 adjust fulfilmont of her peace treaty ob:Ligatlons to
PRIM0RSKI DNJ VNIK S-lovene Communist (pro-Tito) February 10th,, 1:952
Articles and xst
-Increased workers' influence on Government administration -- Bsf are
institution of "produoers4 councils" at Popular Committees in
Yugoslavia - Kardelj ex lained signiy`icenc.a of tilesa councils in fight
against bureaucracy Fa
-Italy gave notice of roe,ncollttion of peace treaty obligations towards
4-1,.4
y
Russians attitude" on italy~s admission to the Uni:t~~d Tlatiors -"
Surprise in pol.itioal circlas - Question of Arurioan aid to Italy (Fa.)
,*Are negotiations between Egypt and Great Britain about to be resumed?
Egyptian representative coining to King George Is :'uroral will
presumably prepare ground for thom (_Ta)
-Intention of preparatory London conference (+ boforo Lisbon meeting)
i,s to eliminate opposition towards Germany - Still uncertain whether
Adonauer will be invited to participate (Fa)
-Workers' adverse 0oonomic situation can only be improved t1irough
determined stru ;gio of all vrerkor;., against Trios~:e's economio
dependence on Italy - Ever loss work at shipyards while compl: t,.d.
ships depart for Italy with predominantly Italian crows (La)
-Bogus prince, general, ind.7strialist and what not, tried a.n vain to
s%,jj.ndlo local busincssrpen (La)
-How will the 1, billion lire assigned to, housing be distributed? (La)
-Trieste always lived from its hinterland (article)
Om-O-0'-0-0-0"04-i0.0 0-0.0-0.0%.D-Q +o-o*?o?-0-0-0-0* 0-0-.0.0-0-0-;0 O-0-0-0--0-0-0-40
This .Bulletin consists of translations of headlines and summaries of
editorials, articles and news reports of interest to AlvIG, selected
from the local and., occasionally, foreign pro ssq Text in brackets and
preceded by the sign + consists of explanation., by the editor of this
Bulletin. r'oroign news is merkod "F", local "L", if featured it :is in
addition mar. iced "a",if of secondary importance "b"oldontical or quite
similar headlines and articles are mentioned or translated only from
one paper,and all translations are s umma.rize d,unless sta tud othervrlse.
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Fi_ ve ya ars ofd?ace teat r vio itions (editorial)
In re01.1 g i the signing of the pence fruity with Italy on February
10th 11+7, we a ai.n want to stress that the Yugoslav (lovorruoont declared a?~
..that time that Yugoslavia: would hover renunc , her national tern i. tor; ravel
that she would not recognize any Change of n ationa-~l fr::nti.ors ftcr tl:.esigta-
ing of the peace treaty. i,1tb.ough i;hc pe ac: treaty sign( by Italy was not
sati.sfaetnsy to us, it nevea7thezos , grt'sro certain rights co. the Slovens in
Italy rind, through the creation of the' RT'T, gave them full equal rijmt s in
tbi.s to 'ritoxy.
In p2:nctice, however,. Itaa y ver re sT,ectod her conin itmonts. She
openly vio:Lato d all the pravi,s ~ n a ;irk , 1 c~, 16 17) , of peace treaty
rc,t,a rdi.rr~f the right e of the Slovc,.1o s- .r it ?aly ~ no oqurii rig .ts, scho )ls,
indemnity for drama -;o oausod by Pasc ,.o.p pr=oseoution of sys:n ;athizoro with
and combatants for the Allied cause; c:4~nw tituc ion of neo-Prasci st
ations), As for the cla.uscrs ro nrdin ,'the PTT, Itr.ly did adopt some no r
laws and decrees aclxnittint,' the 1css of her sovereignty in the FTT, but soon
changed her mind, prevented the apnointarnt of a Gcmerner, brc;o?_l the issue
of the Tripartite Doclaration, roswu:c1,. her ir.rper:i.a].i.oti.c anti-Yugoslav policy,
and interferer in the intcxra.a1 a'i'f'::sirs o:f this torritory,
In this Italy was he ]led, and is st a ll being helped, by the .~inglo-
Amaricans whose duty should be to adjld,rrister ';,ono, 1, on behalf of the Security
Council, Now, five years after the Peace 'Treaty rr~as signed, the situation
is such that practically every sing .e elrluso of the treaty concerni.n_ the
FTT had boon vio]ntod.
Art, 21 of this treaty was viol atc-d by Italy' s .interforencc in our
internal-affairs (~!'inrtc;i 1 agrc. n.;,nt uf ivi.sarcra flu April 1`')1#3, Roam
appointment of the Zone's Pro silent; a a its L'rc focst) . ItrI ly did nn t
,pup ,ly,
besides Zone A, a150 Zone B:with foreign m(.1 locxll currency, as provided by
Annex VII to the 'treaty,' Slovenes in the, FTT are?net oven L,r.~zatect the Da,ic
Mohan rip hits enumerated in the UN Chanter and included in the peace treaty.
Annex VII, wh so clauses are undoubtc yly enforceable acoc)din::g to Art. 21,
and Annex VI, are oati. ly da.sre a.rdect rand ,aid .t. ..just 'like uirt,m 3 of
Annex VIII which provides for the excl, live use of part of the free port by
Yugoslav ships, and.Anriox'X according, to which all 34opcrty of th Italian
state, .oorununes, of public intitatioons ranll societies, should become the
property of the FTT, while Italy should r turn. ,a; ll ships which on September
3rd 19+3 bolongei to persons, rc t.~idi irr the PT'T`.
Confronted with t.11 these vi :,la l a ar ~, we aw'c justified in demanding
that all olauses of tho poat t2. ,Oa ty }bo onfercc~ :l as u: on s i>oosib].c , end
that S:Lovcracs i;a,I .trly ana in the F. L`, to .;cthc,,;r with all tho Tnieotinc,s, be
indemnified for all the damage causod by thee violation: of tr.e 3 dice treaty.
The first stop in this direction is to prohibit any revisions tic nnnif4 at~ation
by those who in Trieste reprosont the old 11-ascist onmd irlp.,r ,,listic. E;recvinoas
and who have caused us so much irij,asti.c ,, bioadshtid, arU dar7age,.
R7i w onfareraes (Lb) (full)
Prom March 19th to 22nd a goneral, confore,nce of the "5oahafen.zwockver-
band"# the longue which regulates rel ati:,ns between tlae Northern ports :.rd
Trieste , will be 1a? ld.
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At this important conference the railway experts of the following
countries will participatut Trieste, YugoslaviaItaly, Austria,: Germany,
thu Netherlands, Belgium, and the DO, 'AGO
A.siailar conferonco will be told in Rome from thu 18th to the 20th
of this month at which railway traffic botwoon Triusto and 1",usiria will 'be
discussed, Tho cooforon e will be atto tided by delegates of the Austrian
and Yugoslav state rai7,r:~ys, as -wall as Triusto's ropros cntativosm The
Triestine doleg.vl;io,. b.. cor.:posud of Cols; Pannol, Chief of L~'MG's
-Transport Departm ynt, a:-_?c o, C h-lief off' the Traffic Office, and 1,0 0
Zin?ai,
At this conference ,p sc;i a: 'iy the now direct tariff Triesto-ovursoas
countries-Austria oil be dL,r ..;s Jdc This u&vr tariff v r-11 be necessary in
view of the forthcoming chaeges aid reforns in the Italian anki Austrian
tariff rates.
During the last part of January a conference: took place in Prague
of Czooho;slovakian, Hungarian, Italian, T'rio,st?;ne, and Austrian
roprosontatives of the state railways. They discussod some changes in
the tariffs which have raxnra ino d the some for two years, but as they did
not know the now Italian tari"^s, they only stroesod the need for reform.
GIORULB DI TRIESTE Pro-Italy, non-party daily, February 10th, 19,52
Prominent article; Energetic protest against veto on Italy's
admission to the United Nations - Italy does not consider herself tied
any longer to obligations of the "Diktat" with regard to Russia ., otu
consigned by Under-secretary Taviani to Ambassador Kostylev - First official
comments from Washington - Italy's action fully Justified?
Articles and report:s;
*-Isis most humble "friends" keep watch over King coorga i s body - in.
peaceful San dringharn sorrow does not know a "pro voccl1" - Tomorrow
Royal family will accompany King's body to :,or on court mourning
1a.s .ng until end of May announced by 11izab: V1h (Fa)
-Get' nnn reactions to Schuman's declarations Bonn's entire policy
core;?ro:nisod by French attitude (Fa.)
-Bonn Govsrnmont' a demands saris disagrees on five points (Fa)
-London preparations for arrival. of fore-J,911 of state (Ipa
-VG Socialist Party's hoiwigo to the dead of t.hu L002 riots (I:,b
C'or the constitution of a Triostino repertory compz,ny (+ speaking
stage) (Lb)
-Nows vendors oppose too high fees 'or their stands (Lb)
-CdL demands extension to our i3n of -law on sickness insurance for
house servants (Lb)
nn ?nth anti ive sac of the Italtaata ?e,,c?~ r~at - Messages sort to Ro3re (la)
Today, on the filth anniversary of the signing of the Italian Peace
Treaty, the Tr?i,ctine section of the Italian Republican Party sent to the
President of the Italian :Republica the. Presidents of Senate and. Parliament,
the Prumicr and the Ministor of Foreign Affairs, the following message'
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"Recalling the glorious Irredentist tradition4 of the Triestine republican
movement and the principles of Giuseppe Mnzzini:, we state that there will ha
no justice for the Italian proplo until the ill-fated Peaces Treaty, which
was impose ci on our nation by force,. -is replaced by a really peaceful agree-
ment wherahy all our rights and. the lands taken from us arc ro;3torod to u,7,
We c1,tnand the :Italian Governaent to ur ently be gin the political lotion
necessar;,'.fora revision of the ternitoriAJ. clauses of the Ponca Treaty,
and stross that the return of the two z~~.~ngs of the 1TT, as a logical con-
sequence of the Tripartite note of March 20th 1948, should represent the
first valid step for elinainot:i.n thy, '`1) Ids t" and E' A;cxtively rcce niza.rig
Italy's contribution to the defence of horn civili; ,:ion,"
The exiles from Uma3o, residing in our city, will hold a meeting today
during, wk ich the fifth anniversary of the Peace Tro ty will be ounimor110'ratad
by the secretary of the Istrian OL
W i t h the usual 18sistanc3o at' t lit, I d l e . : n yov rnaent the Cormune proposes a
huge build WE .,~xogra;i'for 9 2 - To billions for 750 flats (La)
At the meeting of the Gity's Economic uoymittee, Shi.ch took placo
last Thursday, Mayor Bartoli e ellcd asNiG's ntto,nition to the vast building
'ogram which was agreed upon between t# Comiweic and the liuto lca::oas
Institute for Popular :causes,
In view at the cceisidexnhlo funds allocated by the Italian government
for this purpose- (cne and a half billion 10m) sovoral iniaot n:;s have been
held, recently which were attenrIed by the gl ayor, the Der>uty_Ahyor; the chair-
loan of the IACP, a.r ;. MaQhlig; axid some Q,:erts from both oninistrat ens.
It must, however, be pointed out that the conclusions; a.O r.:ived at do not :tally
with the intentions of .e1G1G. The latter seems to have the intention to
allocate the ra jor part of those funds t'o'Honivato era;teriri; e, limiting its
contributions to the building, of popui.nr Ants only to the house,: which the
I.l CP is about to cot at Grotto. The rem inder wishes; to utilize
according to the dispositions of the "AaldIsio Bill" :itslf, a:'ur.thormoxo
in comfornity with the "Enilnrge d ';ldisio l All" and for loans of 4O`d to
priva;,o buildors.
The project of the Co".mune differs substantially from the former.
Since Ala4G has barman ed ,,about a third of the alloc Ation.a for cheap housintg,
the Corinune proposes that at toast another half % billion lire be added to
the remaining one billion lire for the oac:and half of 1952. In view of the
fact that the Italian goveraaoent has granted tviplo that amount as its
cbntribbution for the first half-year 'orrly! tharo should be no difficulty in
obtaining this additi.unal trsant,
hh ordinr to the Commune's program for 1952 there should be a sum of
two billion live available for building pttr osos. Out of:thi.s 500_0llions
would be allotted to cheap lmusin:e,ncra aware c2 this.
border,
The Trio ste problem has for the time being quietly returned into the
limelight since VOlebit's arrival in Rome. On bucoming `fate's ambassador
to Do Gasperif s Government,. thin old ft-;Lend of ti3 ?nreign Office 61 ear. ly
announced his intention to solve "all pending prob.leins" between Italy and
Yugoslavia. Ono such oblem eras ti-k) t ofGerizi ., by solving which the
atmosphere of "better understanding" is boipg croated.in .favour of the main
problem, that of Trieste? about the
Both the local and the international press are now talking,
Mediterranean Pact, which should include, an 1Ldriatio Pact botwwrecn ItaIy
and Yugoslavia, and Trieste is insistently being mentioned in this connection.
We oiti as an example the "Messaggom Veneto" report about a recent rooting
of th: G neral Staff at the Pentagon which -urged on efficient organization
in the southern fl.znk of Eisenhower's lane-tpp ?.. ' vv . th Tricsta as the
main cornerstone.
The "Sunday Times" gave the news of the Gorizia agreements in connection
with those plans for the roi_nlore. m?ent of the southern .Atlantic flank.
Even the "Corriore della Sara", which is much quoted by our Ties t Italian
toss" wrote some days ago about "unwritten agroenx nts". on this subject.
Afterwards the "Messaggoro Veneto" want so far as to assort that no con-
firmotion of the Gbrizia agrao'runts was obtainable either in Romo or in
Trieste circles, and. admitted that this "trial balloon" might have been
released from London wiaru "thorn is sue?posocll.y a curt,-.,.in concern to find
a solution to comply with L jubl jana's and Bolgrad t s wishes based on the
s11od ethnic lino".
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Now it is confirmed that no "trial balloon" was launched at all. Fur` :ar;
more, the "ethnic lime" is first of all favoured by London and Was!Jdngton, aid
not only that,, but Rome has agreed with it ever since Sforza first mentioned
it.
Par from.being merely a fantasy, as defined in bad faith by the "Giornale
di Trieste", facts have confirmed that Comrade Vidali was right in asserting
at last Sunday's debate with the Social Democrats, that only a united front
of the citizens, opposing what is being prepared against Trieste and Zone B.
can prevent the "ethnic line" from threatening peace and the application of
the peace treaty.
What. has happened to the aid for the flood victims? - Red-tape instead of
assistance even in Trieste La ___'
There are disastrous consequences to the fact that assistance to flood
victims has been monopolized by state authorities and clerical organisations.
How many people are still walking around in search of a job and, most of all,
of a piece of bread because the promised aid funds were swallowed by bureau-
cracy itself?
One of these victims, a certain Alfredo Tiongo from Canaro near Rovigo,
landed in Barcola on November 19th, after a sea trip of six days. He was given
clothing and then sent to the flood victims' center of Padua. From thoreo he
went to Milan and finally wav sent to Casaletto Lodigliano, where the first
person to interview him was a priest, who told him that "they wore all
chastized by God for being eoirmunists". After this lecture he was accommodated
in a kind of damp cellar. As for foot he was compelled, like all the others,
to shift for himself.
On January 27th Tiengo left for Milan, hoping finally to got his dole,
or at least a job. From Milan he was again sent to Padua, from there to
Trieste. Then again to Padua and back to Trieste. This ball-game would have
continued had Mr. Ticn.go himself not put a stop to it.
We ask the local committee for assistance to flood victims: after
having sold at a public auction a lot of worn clothing and single shoes, did
they not collect enough money to assist such a poor devil?
The M/S "ti ustus" departs (editorial by-line)
The M/S "Augustus", built in our shipyards mainly with Trieste ERP funds,
sails tonight for Genoa, just like the M/S "Vulcani.a" and "Saturnia". This
was the desire of the "Italia" Shipping Co., of the Domoohristian Ministers
Petrelli and Cappa, of the American shipowners and the US Senate who do not
allow more than one Italian line on the North Atlantic route. This is the
outcome of the enslavement of Rome's "black" (+olerioal) government to
America, of the unworkable "status quo" of our territory,, of AMals policy,
of the betrayal of the interests of our port by the dominating groups in
Italy and in the FTT. This is a warning to all citizens of all classes
and idoologiep to face the grave problems which confront us and to put an
end to this diastrous state of affairs.
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LE ULTf E NOTIZIE - Domochristiain Party., February 7th, 1952
'Irticlos and reports:
-Mourning England awaits her quoen - Plane carrying Elizabeth II and
the Prince Consort back to London landed in Libya at 7 this morning -
Kin? George rests in small chapel at Sandringham - Tomor c Sovereign's
body will be placed on the same g;zn-carriage which convoyed Queen
Victoria, Edward VII and George V to their final rosting plo.oos (x+a)
."From man to man" - Homage and moving salute from every Pnglishman to
late King (Fa)
-Italy's homage (Pa)
.In Korea 101 salvoes fired on enemy positions to salute deceased
Zing (Pa)
-Indiscretions of circles close to the Viminal - Political elections
supposedly moved forward - Picciono allegedly will propose izew
electoral law based on pure and simple proportional system with
utilisation of remainder on regional scale - Do Gasperi to speak on
foreign politics (Pa)
-The mysterious fall from the FFloronco Roma oxpross -.,'ras I.-Tilona
Kacianski murdered? - ':roman who die, under mysterious circumstances
was believed to bar a Yugoslav secret agent (,Fa)
-Most modern transatlantic linor "l,ugustus" sails for Genoa tonight
(La)
-Land-slide interrupts railway line near Mirar .re for a short time (La)
-Motor-trawler sank in Gulf this morning'- Crew,,, sand (La)
-Foreigners in Triesto and a -hundrod years ago City? s Italianity
evident even to casual visitors (+ coarm)nting on recent publication
"Triostinp Impressions') (article)
In Memoriam - rir Go ge VI
Under the above title the text of an inset rands as follows: (full)
The ~ Iliad ii"litery Government irf or ms the population that in its tie
in Via' dal Teatro Romano (:foranr Casa. dal Popolo) an album will be available
in which all who desire to express their sympathy for the death of tho
British King may enter their signatures. This opportunity is or .*--n to every-
one*
To General 17interton and all British nationals, military and civilians,
stationed in our city the "Ultimo Notizi?" express their most deec-)ly felt
sympathy.
TII'E EDITOR OP THE PPESS. SUIUfvILRY
Lr'D THE STOP OF THE PPJSS REJDING BUR L,U EX END
TO l,LL BRITISH V',TI01fLLS Y1 'IR DE SYV iTIIY . ND
COIZOIIVCE "0R TI-L SUDDEif 4i 1D UNT11% .GLY D LTH OP
Fps 1',0 RMG GEORGE VI.
, o-o-o-o-o-o-
;,, -js
c-.bb
p-j.5
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THIS IS AN ENCLOSURE T TATINTL
CO NOT UETACII
25X1(
pRnmRSja 2L4M _ , Slovene Commurdat (pro Tito) , February 9th, 1952
Articles and xports:
-Danger of war lessened, Trygve Lie says, ar~iphasizing, successes
achieved by ma and expresssrg hope that truce will be cunoluded
in Korea (Fa)
West Gorrbwn parliament approves1clenauor ' s fore policy (Fa)
-Elizabeth lI pr. oclai.nwd Queen of Grant 3n'jeia 4n)
Parliamentary debate on European rtirmy ~y.ll be a heard nut for
French Government (Fa)
Pai aunjom truce talks Situation may heoo:ao still more compli-
cated Arrer:Leans unwilling to discaos A ~'ian questions in oonnootion
with truco negotiations 1.Fa)
taw Egyptian Government :intends to Unsure peace and to combat
rising costs (Fa)
-Bo gxndo "Borha" on 7-:Tun ar-Van aggrossivcness (Fa)
-Coarrontion oaf.' the "National A,9sr.ciation for Venezia Giulia and
Dalmatia" (editorial - u ::~'~ r.g tbi; Irrodenti st gathering
r.. at wizi.ch the "belnvud" TrDestine Mayor Bar ili was_tho not
welcome guest ... as provo cr tivo ... e nco its main
goal was that "Italy nhould raturn to those lands., when the tears
of the population wou:d cea.so to flow" ... the organisation's
secretary read statiz;ti.u of Italians who populated those xogions,
wl'r;.ch are shemolesEslr oxaggeratod,azd alleged that bray are now
300:000 exiles in Italy,which figure= is al rrjst hifor than the
nural_'or of Italians who actually lived in tho oodod regicns,thus
into ailing to show that Italiano were in the ma~o ^~.ty ... all this
in an attehl)t to claim somothing which is not.true ... )
-Youth prepares to celebrate May 1st (La)
.- 'u.rthor slight asphyxiation of wb ion workers at the Tobacco Feotory
(La)
Album for inscription of signature 'expre .,sin, syrnraa thy for I{irig
Goorgo's loath available to all at AiG's headquarters (Lb)
~.,^O+O^O.
This. Bulletin conriots of translations of honcrylinos and sunmiarriea of .
editorials, artic.&_cs trwe reports of inter t to G, selected
from the local air";.y oroasionally, fo:r ign jxoss', Taxt in i>racko s an.I
preceded by n. ?? a ~, i sts of ox-anati or.s by the editor of t-4:3
Bu~"lot3?.-tore` i new; marked "F"t loea" '"L", if featured it J .s in.
ac1cla inioxi irked. a` ,if' of socond.ary iniporLa.anco "b".Idontieal or qu to
uilar headlix'oa a.ud ax'tiolos are mentioned or t?:'enslated only from
-o7 ' Vone paper, and ate' `z,an lrition~ are suamar:ized,urloss stated otherwise.
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GIORNALE DI TRIESTE - Pro-Italy, non-party daily, Pobruary 9th, 1952
Articles and rc;ort
-Elizabeth proclaimed Queen at State ceremony in center of British
capital - Only in afternoon was Sovereign able to go to Sandringham -
Touching meeting with mother and sister Two minutos' silence in
entire country on day of funeral ~- :t}Q.,r;^rct's now Obligations (r'a)
-A grave blow to exports (editorial - + an difficulties of inter-
Euxopoon trade)
-Treaty on European army still fb r from being concluded - Only mark inal
quostion; will be discussed in Lisbon, - Gerv}any and A'tlantLe Alliance
"incompatible"? - Schu.mants declarations (Fa)
-Italian Cabinet meeting - Now moasurn s for flood areas (Fa)
Acheson arrives in London on Wednesday - Lisbon conferonco doforred
fox' four days ('P'a)
After two days of lively debate Bundestag approves GGerraany's ror-
aralaament - Mandate to Adoryauor to sign ag
regiment for European army
(Fa)
-Half of flooded Po re L . on. now reclaimed - 100, 000 x fugcc s re turn
to their hjmos (Fa)
-Italian woarnn ferociously murdered at Asmera (1'a)
-George 111.1on deports for Paris to confer with Eisen tower (Pb)
-Report of inohili tion of 50,000 Ital.imis denied (+'b)
Italian Senate approves new auto .aobile taxes (pb)
Fifty Fiume women hold, by Yugoslav polic ; (+ because they talked to
sailors from American cruiser which recently vii sited there) (Bb)
?INAA-1 services will be irrf)rovod and. acccllc rrmmtcucl - AAssurloyoes demand advance-payrrn:nt on wage increases (Lb)
The dookcrs' oornrention - Determined to defend their rights, they stand
united against all enemy attacks (La)
As announced by an StT. placard, the d Dcker:s will moot tomorrow i :orning;
for their annual convention, which they do not c.!nsider all ordinor;r adminis-
trativa event, but an important gathering, at which they intend to thorou~,,hly
discuss their future activity. More than ever before tiny inuat tied united
in order to ,oppose any attempt to split their rrinl, s.
;,vofound ohangs in the social and moral character of the port workers
h4a s take place since 1945s so that of the old work gins" only a few unruly
persons remain. however, they will never forget how difficult and often
bloody it has beery" to defend their rights. The employers, supported by
imperialistic 11U 's Orders do not like the now atmosphere in the port, but
the sad memory of Fascist and other times helps the workers instinctively
to avoid thcr fale unions which, supported by foreigri furls, have tried to
infiltrate. Proux1 as they ..ire of their solidarity and unity, the doco,.~ors
will eo...vene dotoxainod to defend their rights.
About the SEL4D workers' rally - The CdL's leaders are sworn enoa.mie s of
The workers who on Thursday evening*, attended the .5"e . D rally at the
CdL discovered th!~.t the CdL leaders or?~:)os o the s much do si re ce unity of
labour organizations, on principle. If they t cu ;times take joint action
they conf5.ne them3olves to concessions granted them by their }~rsver and
AMG, thus handicopaing the efforte of the labour struggle.
Mr. Pinguentini went so far as to forbid members of the CcLL to join
any action with the SU. He took care not to justify the attitude of the
CdL when the 7ork Relief Division was transformed into the present SK D.
ED-j E3
LE ULTTML NOTIZIE - Domochristian Party,, February 9th, 1952
Artie cl rooms;
All British hearts at Sandringham today - Dead kin.'s. b xv to arrive
in London Monday.,. catefaloue prepared at Westminster - Quoen-iaother
stands before hearse (Fa) LL
-Gronchi to represent Einaudi at obsequies of Georges VI 0"n)
-Italian communist pcrty will attempt to "conquer Rome" in ad Lnistrativo
eloctiorrs - C hristi,an Democracy deter fined to check at all costs
advance of popular front (Fa)
Allied counter-proposal for Far East coy renee - Only Korean problems
to be discussed (Pa)
-10th of February fifth anniversary of "D.ikt,gt'c' - Secretary of GI,N will
d,olivar_ . c:onzueannratj.vo speoch to.r. ;,rrow (Fig )
ED-os
c-bb
p-os
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51Ui~S ICENCLOSU
00 NOT (CTA.+'i!
WTINTL 1
Si
INDEX 9th Februa ''y# 1952.
N o .77- -----
P.1. Headlines of Borba of the 9th February
7;G 1
P.2. Headlines of Borba continued
..Headlines of t` t ka of the 9th February
HeaaHlines of 20th Oktober of the 6th February.
P,3
Headlines of 17oa a edoniia of the 6th and 7th February
Headlines of Voce el~o olo of the 7th February
);G
FROM OSLOBODJENJE OF THE 29TH JANUARY
P,1.` Marxist doctrine on the workin:class and religion
FROM OSLOBODJENJE OF THL 30TH JANUARY
);G
Marxist doctrine on the working; class and reli ion (contd.)
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 8TH FEBRUARY
P.12. Discussion on Social Plan: enterprises in Rijeka
P..14. Identical working cards for workers and clerks
FROM GLAS OF THE 8TH FEBRUARY
P45. Our future local overnment
FROM BORBA. OF THE 9TH FEBRU~RY
P.1$. The :protective functions of the syndicates P.204 The a ;F ressive pressure of Iiun arian Oominfnrmists
P.22. Discussion on the State Plan n a;rric1.lture
Rew)resefltativss of British Red Cross in Yu oslavia
NW ore, deposits discovered in Croatia
P.234 Letter from the CC CP Slovenia on the ,>olitical work cif party
organisations
FROM 'OLITIKA, OF THE 9TH FEBRUARY
P.,2'5. Change of street names in Belgrade
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i LIAN
HEADLN-;S _O_D_
nth F~-,I;rir~rt~ ZQ97
P.1. Yo.u h.keyobjectives'. from Serbia alone 34,000 young builders
will h1'; ? 1-
Zn
P.3.
It is proposed to found a vter.inery station for cattle 'in
r'
1L Fur C!IOIJ OF TIIB YNiJ1C, TES
Large cement factory being; built at ?o;Dovac
First electrical blest furnace will be built
THE PLACE J 'N) TASKS OF THE
PROTt SYNDICATES IN THE
iCTIMG T'
In and arouhd Korea: ..United Command prel)ared
.,Jro Posals: .
Skirmishes in the nei,hbourhood of Kuhson
DISCUSSION ON TIE ST11TE 1 LiiN IN IAGttICULTURE
c?r ,e building projects
Lowering of prices of
pros ucis: industrial articl s made, from agricultural
French- I-?ssembly. approves aid for Yup;osla.via
klzs BebI r gives lecture at. Antwerp"".
REPRESENTIATJ_VES OF BiL;1',I~H 11i u C O':kID5 IE YUGOSLI,~ I1v.
NSW ORE DEPOSITS DISCOVERED
Institute founded for tie ir_n.irovyift ;nt of tourist facilities
LETTER FROit_ THE' CC CP SLOVENIA ON THE 'POLITICAL WORK OF.PARTY
ORGINISATIQNS
New success of our scientists
AGGRESSIVE P1LESSURE OF I?:U ~G11I~'Ir" iJ CUB 111II+G;~P14:3TS
s,<
In Great Britain: proclama (~ ry
Winston Churchill's reply toc~MarshalsTito''s
Conference of the Council for :Education end Culture:
for Education and. Culture must solve Permanently all.
educational problc:Yn' *` Mi'tr :t`i tr-otr c .takes dart in
crisis in
Serbia
Councils
current
discussions
ecret,lry'on Paris
the French
Letter from Bonn : the problem of German partici ..)e ti.c,n
European defence: ., , in , c.stern
lively deb~:te in ~tlest German Parliament
Adana uer has ma jorit of $
Y
Ridgway and Yoshida meet in Tokyo
Letter from Paris: will there be a new
Government? (l;rti cle b 1,11
Y ".Vitorovic)
Trygve Lie, s statement to the ,cress: UN General
session:
First meetin" of German Enqui.r" romr~;.:~rion
Reconstruction of the E-yptian Government
APPIIZCATIONSJOF THE' SOCIAL 'PLAN IN ENTLRPRISES
4 %i-rt1 cle by Sl.obodan Glumac )
Adenauc;r travels to London
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Elizabeth II
condolences
to ne, otiete oh -new
BCOivOI,11
at Stopa:
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P.3. Events in Tunis: Habiba 13urgiba P. peals to India: (Undesi ;noted,
New incidents'-in: Tunis (Reuter, Tunis) New Delhi )
Letter from Norway:' herring-fishing, one' of the'. lost im oortr nt
branches of Economy (article by l:ilan,. Ba,jec)
P.4. Stogy) Press: election re, sv1 is in India: congress party gets 60%
of votes in Indian State Assemblies (Undesifnated, NQw Delhi)
Mobilisation in Thailand (UP, Bankok)_
Journey of Amir Pasha ('Undesigneted, London)
POLIT1KA 1
P,2, .)OVIET ECOI\101MiY REFLECTED IN FALSE STA'TiSTIGS' (.Editorial)
P4,2, STATE PLAN; PU LCHI:SING FUNDS r, .E i'1d i I'10df THEY ' k?L 1iAU
(l ttori.al )
P.3; POSTAL SER\ ICES: ES FENCE OF LATEST CHAD GE IN .RATES
s;e
NAMES OF CERTAIN BELGRADE STREETS CiiAF oED;
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20 OKTOBAR
P, 3.
P. 4
February "6, 1952,.
Fuel supplies, become crucial in Belgrade.
4
Sports betting centers and their background.
NOVA MAKEDONIJA
February 6, 1952.
P.1. Regarding the forthcoming elections of workersl councils
in Macedonia.,
er
P.2. Complaints against four directors of various enterprises
in connection with unlawful granting of child subsidy.
sf
P.3. The effect of negative teneencic.s upon the development
of physical culture.
February 7, 1952,
P.2. March of our army units from Aegean Macedonia across
Eastern Macedonia to the Kumanovo-Vranjc area in
the month of February of 1944.
4
P.3. Annual report on work at the edible oil factory at Tito
Ve1oe,
P.5. Aotjvity by the State Archives of Macedonia.
This yearls investments in the Ohrid district.
LA VOCE DEL POPOLO
February 7, 1952..
P.Y. Concerning the apprehension of the spirit of the
reorganization of the Pcople'e Pront.
it
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MARXISM CONCERNING T`t:i.E RaEL `i`1'IONS uF THE ti-XRKING CLASS- TOWARDS RELIGION
Contrary to bourgeois Sociologygenera. y treat religion as a
rt of .-human nature end -which means ri, t it considers it. a& eternal,
Marxism, namely historical materialism a },.)roaches religion s s a: c
social historical occurrence',.' xthich came 'int.o, being at a defined level
of social d.evelobment, which 'has its objective foundation z nd therefore
cannot be eternal, but: is historic illy transitory. This, however,
does not mean that the Marxist Copse ition of religion has come suddenly
.end that in former theories about this question there is .nothing
positive,, A longtime ago antique materialists" Jointed out the
human chart cter of Creek gods and- french encyclopoedis.ts,. materialists,
towards the end of the,lth,century were all: convinced atheists.
Until 1?larx the science,ceoncernin societzr although,.it had given in the
treatizee on relit iron mari'; .)rec.i_ous thin. s ccii~ld, nit solve sea entifi-
:cally the -)roblem of rely. ,,:ion nd' hecoiuse of its- L'..edlistic views on
a-DDearances and society. Marxism id not seek an e.x.lanation for,
religion in-the abstract human nature but in concrete material con-
ditions of the life of man.
Tli(h be rinnin,; of reliriori, historical materialism discovers and
defines /social economic conditions of the Arl.tint epoch of the
communityy, Because of his hi--iLpI.ossnes.s before unknown forces of
nature, the man bf longin ; to' the initial community was very closely
connectedwtth the . co munit,y from extreme; .)onr conditions of life and
human im )erf'E c.tion says Xarx; Man did not know yet
nature nor its forces in front of which he 'felt,h'imself helpless
and weak. His workin,' teals were extr'emely' rimitive'. They. were
objects discovered in nature, stones,., clubs ) or some other, )r'ocessed
objects. It is 'quite com,)rehensible how.small. was the power:'.' of
the or.e-~historic man over nature, who ya4.s, equip Jed with..s?ch. miserable
weapons These we kly d evelo?Jed )reductive forces, the .very" bad
dqui )ment of ire-historic men in the stru, ;.l'e ai..ainst element)"ry forces
2f :nature contained that basis u_)on which a ~'aeared ',their~'wrong under-
stend:inFYs ' cone ernintr nature and n,~ turel forces . Because of tha ty the
pre.. historic," man e x )la.ined diff,,rent n to.rol a apeaarances as acts of su ?er-
natural' forces, At a set level of dev'elo )merit of -5r.6ductive forces,
ac-cordin4 to En role'; . a cony n s in the -,oeriod' of bt rbarism, and at a
set level of ? ntellectiial dev< to )ment P. > )ea.r :amon rs' - men. religious
presentations in which. were ex:>ressed falsely a'ric ' sn a. distorted way
natural a'ioe'a'rnces,.. wh'-ch continually held -!Dre-histo.ria.. man in ,a
hel'j1e'ss )ositi f In the 'consciousness of this, 9-oc'ia1-economic
formation' secrEtnature h- d to be always e x )la,ined with sornethin which
is su:)ernetural rand: which rules nntur. e, .To this :should"be added, as
Engels: underlines, thot these men had to, the very end unclear con-
ce.yOtions" of their own nature, They did not "know oomiosition of
their body and dreams led thorn to think .tha"t::' in their" bodies exi?ted
a soul and that their own thi.nkintr is the'?r esult: of the activities
of this ;soul and not of their body, namely their brain,. 'From there
the men went a 'stelo- further and )roc.,_-aimed this soul eternal, because
they did not know what to do with it after " the death of the body..
Engels ' says ? that the first ?ods came ' into being in a similar way.
In the consciousness of men the first 'ods. were the paragons of many
unknown. natural forces and ~~, _~ Tear nee,s. and in, this way becaul e of wrong
conceptions concerning natural f.ordos; as Well as of the nature of their
own body, whose structure they did not know,.'.cam'e the belief in suer-
. natural forces, belief in :,:ids who ruled nature ,end the fate of human
life, which' as invisible .>'oft'e's `stand above natural e.)pearances.
During tlh .
e further sec .Pl de"velo >ment, in; all f orms' of class life ,
class soci :ty as the basic s ..urce of re'ligio'us conce ations and com-
orehensions off' me n!. a ~oears. the ir''hel >Iessness towards unknown' social
s an invisible . force.. rules 'their
forces, . towards ec~onnmi c J_ .ws. which as'
fate Finding themselves iinrlryr the :rower of spcial:'forces, which at
the begi nnin `they. cc)uld ni U unr r rs ,a.nd as in the . oaae.o,f natural
forces,,
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the men were''not conscious of. their social )osition,. they did not know
how to ex )la n to -t.homselves why s' me are born as slaves and -.poor, and
others as -rich mean; in: whose hands were encrm-"1, r aterial goods of,
society:. Thus. in. thg?nsq ousne8a`_~f men is formed the conception of the
man se Jaraaed. from' concrete material conditions of his own social life,
the conce-,'tion ,of man as man in general. The reflex of this man in
general, the abstract man is the almighty God cro,)ted by human phantasy,
which is se )arated' from all worldly ,whom human 'imagrination ?ala,,ced in the
deoths of the ekio-e and' according to wh()se will everything ha) )ones in
r t of unknown and all powers of
life. This helplessness of rrrr~an?asi n in f o
social forces, ex)resses itself`cunlly in t e n one ggod,?
hcA rs~ias lie e
before whom men, are also heliless, and he in their. gets a
su )erna.tural -power over all natural and social forces. From. the time
? that society divided itself into classes, and later in all forms of
class society, religion a ),pears as. a means which serve the ruling classes
in ho ling down the working; masses in a .)osition of economic subjugation
and. spiritual slavery; R.eli ?.ion is needed by the exploitlng classes to
eternalise their way of e xoloiting; working; men and thus the exploiting
classes in history were always the bearers of the religious poisoning
of the masses.
consciousness
Red.igion, is a form of social / and together with morals,
arts, and :science compa e otthe ideological su .er-structure ,of sod ;ty.
This means ' that. religion/mate with mankind but just as other forms of
human conscience is conditioned by objective social factors;. In
religious conceptions" of men objective reality is expressed in a specific
manner. '"Religion- is;,. writes Engels, "only a fanatical, ncpre'ssi (,n in
human heads of those external forcesvilicr ri]1.Fi- over'. their everyday life,
an e xpre,s,sion in which natural forces get the form of su )ern,'tural
forces,' .,.In the beginning of history these natural forces are in the
first )lace reflected., . , , , But soon, besides natural-forces come into
action social forces who are` just as much foreign to the men and n
inexuulicable,which rule over him with the same Deeming necessity as'.the
natural forces"y
Religion is a false picture of reality, and the'fa:Lse, fc ntastic
reflection of cbiective reality is created by the Iavish'sub.ju ration of
.man to ? unknown laws which act in nature and society. And to long as
men live, in.such a society, where "over them as some foreign power,
rule economic relations which they created themselves" an objective basis
will..exist for the false fanatical exuression of reality, .namely for
relig.icn. The roots. of religion lie in such social-economic relations
toward ' which men are helpless just as they' Wereonce? u,)on a." time
help less in regard to natural forces In a society divided up into
classes, of which, one is the exp?loitinp and rulinf.:. one ?and the other
one ex-o-)loited and derived of right s, the roots of religion belong:-to a
class;' the 'hel-olessness' of .the ex iloited classes in the struggle with
the exploiters give birth unavoidably to the belief in a better life
after death.,,. just as the helplessness of savages in the struggle with
nature gives birth to the belief in gods, devils, wonders and similar,
Relig~-ion teaches the one who throu,-,hout his life works and suffers
-.poverty to 'be quiet and patient in the life of this world, consoling
him with the hope for a celestial reward, And those who live from
other peo-,.>le f s work, religion teaches there to be benefactors .in wordly
life, ore 3osing to them very ch-eap justification of their whole 'ex-iloit-
inf life and selling them at a favourable ?rices tickets for celestial
ha "oooiness"' (Lenin "Socialism and Religggion") .
The working classes fights for such a society in which there
.Will be no ex?loi;.t6d and no exploiters1the working class in its revolu-
tionary s t.ruggle is ins.iired by scientific socialism and they do not
need any means of.. spiritual oppression of the people such as, for example,
religion, but' is in fact and in Urinci.--)le rnliont; irreconcilable
o) )onent. The ideology of the revolutionary )role'tari,)t sci pnti.f is
soc'ali m c n of com?1 with religion and in the struea le for' the
reaLi?aL,idn oi. nistoricai tasks with which socialism 'is confronted,
the ?roletariat has not re.coursed to religion as the bourgeoisie
the )raletariat has no need for religion and what is more as a com-
oonent )P rt8 AV o~ 24e y108f/OBF~i : A' rOO4Q3.R DQON6i6-,Aion stands
in the way soda ist obiectives..
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-6
From the social )osition of the workin,:- class and its historical
role, which social ,development. has asst ned to: 'it, results':ite rely tion-
shilw towards reli 'ion which it denounces a.s r n ideological weapon of
rea ctidna,.ry' social forces. It woulyd be wrong to, think, however that
the working, cless -while wa ;int the strut le a a s.:n,6t ,.the bourgeoisie
denounces rels.
C. I i:on and .stands 'on'at keist -)ositions Such, ideas would
begin from t h6 untenable su )?Dosition `that the working class as such is
Immune : _ in r e and to religion. and is not susce >tible to its influence'.
:During the r:ocess of class struggle the workingr, class comes o know
deelDly ?its enemies, methods end means, which: =they use in order Ito
exploit the wQrkinr, masses In the face of the reactionary clergy,
the working class sees in' it en, enemy equal to that of the bourgeoisie,
which by way of religious sermons wishes. t__; diyert the
working crass
from its revolutionary struggle.. In evernr conflict `with the bourgeoisie
the working:' class sees the reactionary e1e y' el ays' an the `side` of the
bourr,eoisie~ .and in the ranks of those who behave with the greatest hate
and hostility towards the ex)loited masses, Bu.t' :in site of that the
clergy succeeds in holding the masses in reli,ious deception, :with
stories that "one should ,)ray to God a nd then it will' be better", that
the "peo')le are in a difficult oosition now because they are sinning
against God's commandments", et'
,
The success, which the.C:hurch succeeds ' is 'u; :wining, by s,areading
relip ions teachings amonr;st the workin;J class i:s' )rirnarily',e x)le'i_ned by
the very social economic position o'f, the working ?class in ce.~,) it,alist
society, in. which the working, class orocuce-s everything, but' does 'not
dis-oos,e of anything' but with its workin,17 lower, Not knowing 'the=
essence of, c,~+,o,italist economic relations the exaloited working' messes
com)reh;end it as' some mysterious -)ower in whose hands -lies their }fate,
which is kindhearted to some, riving them all conditions 'for` a ha ),)y
ahd confortable life, and towards othe'r's stingy end merciless and
exv)oses them to continuous suff'erin ;s. But wain the struggle for
better conditions of life, the, working class come to know that the''
material situation of the ca)italists is based not only on.some fate,
but on the ex)loitetion of its .r-o`)er work and so ' in' the arocess of the
class struggle of the working class's, its revolutionary consciousness is
formed, where not much room is left for ?riestlsr tales c oncerning; God',
paradise, fate and similar. Having once come-to know the reactionary
role of religion,the working- class breaks with it.decisively, the
Church becomes its enemy in ;:)rinci :)le, . as well as in the period of the
revolutionary struggle for power, and also after the victorious '.revolu-
tion.
The struggle which the "proletariat leads as the only re.vo u.tion .ry
class against religion is the corn )onent 'fart' of the '" struggle for: the
acce,ootance of a right, scientific., Marxist view'on'the world.: To
acce -)t Marxist views. on the ~ world means not, only' to explain .'different
social a )-)earances and their causes, but also in. the. f..irs.t ?dace it.
.means to wage a struggle for the trahsf'ormdtion-;of the wo,rld.,...for the
change of social 'relations in the 'direction in. which act objective
laws of social ae.velopment- - Therefore it is not sufficient for the
workinm class and its advance juard to discover and-learn. the,.o.b.jective
social-economic roots. of religion, in order rel.iss on, might dis-
appear, Tr:'aa;ing. a .struggle against religion means . to .wa?~e: a struggle
against its social-economic roots ag61nst those social relations.
which condition it end iri which-'religion unavoidably exist e,:I and for
such a society in which the men will stand in regard to social relations
as their masters and not slaves, The knowledge of the social sources
of religion is not 'sufficient, because such a conce )tion leads to wrong
conclusions that it 'is sufficient .. to raise only the educational level
p.f the masses in order that re ion might disappear. Such a Joint of
view, is not ca-uuable of ex Clain w religion keeps its position,, for
exam,
le in such cultural countries such as for exam,~le, Switzerland,
Sweden, and some other countries in which there are no illiterates and
where the cultural level of the masses in com.)arison with other
countries is relatively very high. Besides this, if one would accept
this point
of view then one w
ld
ou
unavoidably come to the conclusion)
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that the source of religion is to, be found .in the ignorance. of man.
Ignorance plays a hel-aing role in the birth end uakeep of religious
conceptions,- while knowledge and education also help to push religion
into the backp;round,?In order that religion might disa;_)peaar,. Engels
says. "it is necessary in, the first .,.)lace a social deed. And when this
is'. done., when society by tckin7 'into its hands the total means of
-Haroth ction and by way of )lanned mane f,ement of: these means had libera-
ted itself - and its members from slavery in :.he - are held now by
the means cf :production r which they themselves )roduce, but which -stand
towards .them as a su )erior power .from outside, - therefore, when men
not .only say but when they dis_)o.se of, then will disa.?peer also the last
power from outside which is kee, ping i.ts ?osition in religion and reli-
ioue . reflections 411 t6tappenr for the sim ale reason,' because
there .is nothing left any longer 'to be ex)ressed" The struggle
against religion therefore is no abstract struggle but a concrete
strug -ale. of the working, class a ainst the class enemy wha.ch exploits
and o-ppresses.all the working masses:
In the history of the workers' movement there were conce)tions that
religion can be liquidated by force and by.decrees. Such conceptions
are basically wrong and forei: n to Marxism. Religion has not appeared
as the result of force, and as a form of social consciousness cannot be
rescinded by force? On the contrary, the struggle?aeainst religion by
application of force would have very damaging andnegative consequences
for the, develoocment of the revolutionary struggle of the working class.
Engels-criticised very sharply the su)porters'of L.A.Blanqui (French
SOcI81tst,1805) who declared a..-Political war against religion and
against During who was of the opinion that religion Should be forbidden
in,sociali.st society. Lenin also condemned the struggle.of the
anarchists..against religion as dama, ing to the class strut ; le ofi the
proletariat. By the fact.that they separate the.. oroblem of the struggle
against. religion from the basic - uestions of the revolutionary struggle
of the, ?work.ing, class, the ensrdhists. ~y.ive a. grater importance to
religion. than it really has, and in practice helo the clorgy and the
bourgeoisie. t.o,se-Darate the backward masses from the )rog;ressive forces
,of`-the working class and its. Hvance-guard-the Communist Party
The suecess of the working class in its .,tx ~~ le against the
? bour^,eois,ie lies )rimarily ;n its .uni.ty and in the fact that t 11
excloted masses of the, working peo?le :should be assembled.a.round its
revolutionary slogans and its revolutionary actions. The )oli.ti;cally
and culturally backward workers are alienated by empty atheistic
.)hrases.from 7artiei)ation in the revolutionary actions of the working
Blass. This holds ground particularly in regard to the allies of the
proletariat, such as the middhe and poor classes. To demand from the
working masses to solve in the, firsty:olace the :)rob.lem of religion
while the' most important )oli.tical and social questions :remain unsolved
means to direct the struggle of the: working class in a channel which
s t .~etr,terests of the bourgeo-i ie and tr tol reaction, thus betray '
ins t.e interests of the working classes. Posing the matter . in
this way, means to lose out of sight the fact, that religion. is a social
historical a)nearance which occurred in defined social-economic con-
ditions, and that as a .form of social consciousness keep, its Dosition
thanks to the very: existence of defined social-economic :relations in
which men live*
(Sgd.) Enver Redzic.;
. (OSLOBOf)JTENJE,Sula.r as_Arations counted.on their
religious convictions and warmed up and ;;>roy.oked religious hatred and
intolerance,
In' building u_.) the unity of the working ?eoule during the struggle
against all the enemies of the working ?eo-ole,. headed by the invaders,
to whom all the churches 'gave their bid:ssings in the name of God through
N is recresentatives on earth, the Party has achieved on breaking of
religious )reiudices and on convincing the masses - more than any pro-la-
ganda of atheism could have.,,ichieved. Thus our. revolutionary 'ractice
confirms the correctness of. Lenin's o )inion that the struggle against
religion is not fouw.;ht at anti-religious atheist mentA ngs and assemblies
but rather. "concretely on the terrain of class strut ggle which is fought
in ;practice and which educates the masses more then anything and better
than anything". among others, also in the s.>irit of atheism.'
Thus also during the 7rescnt-day socialist.buildu) our .iar.ty is
handling the (,uestion of religion i.e.,.it is handling-it as a question
w ich is subjugated to the strugi..le for socialism, which constitutes a
)art of that struggle. Our >o )ula r authority is not waging a struggle
against the :riesthood as such, but rather against those priests who, are'
inciting religious and chauvinist hatred among our, _)eovles, who together
with the other class enemies are working against the building-up of
socialism in our country. This segment of the clergy is exploiting, the
religious u--)brin -ing; an,d .)rejudi.ces of the faithful ones., end by various
rom the
lies and fabrications is strivinggg to se:~arate every one it can from'
general struggle fought by the )eogle for the building-up of socialism.
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Thus the re^ ctionary ,-)riests are conducting, ? a struggle against the
socialist rt construction of the countryside, 'tellinr.7 the oeo ale that
ttenterintr the Peasant ~iorkin , Co-o _)erati.ves means seooaration from God
and the Church"; when we had the drought they've x )la ine d94 to the peo-,)le
.that that was the result of the fact that the "?eoole had become bad,
that they did not befla::ve in God and worked on Sundays?'; and when the
Peo ale' s. Front arranges any massive work a(,.tivities, then a s a rule they'
start, talking. that the )eo-2le have their bell 'ul of work activities,
etc, Naturally this " ro-,pa genda r' is nothing else but real '-:o stile work
ap-ainst the acbi9-rerents of the Pooular Revolution and ar,;ainst the
strut gle fought by the working masses for socialism. And when our
~o ~ular auithorities )unish such )riests' they don't do that iust because
of the fact that they are 'ri.ests but rather because of the )riests'
concrete hostile and anti-)ocular work. The reactionary clergy strives
to present thine?s so that the )olicy of the Party and of the )o >ular
authority is generally directed c.,ainst the entire )riesthood, However,
the line of the )olicy of the :'arty is such that it enables every
citizen, and this means every )riest also, who is devoted. to the oeoole
and to the homeland to take his )osition in the socialist build-u..) of
our col_untry.
Now the nuestion is what is the attitude of the working class con-
cerning the question of relations between the Church and, the state.
Storting from the Marxist theory, which has been tested in ooractice of
s ocial devel o )ment, that relation is "o Aum to the )eo-ole" c,nd that the
Church is olaying a' reactionary social role, the working class is con-
ducting a strugr,c,,le against religion within the framework of the concrete
class struggle for socialism at various stages of its develo :)ment and
resolutely demands and-consistently outs into effect separation of
.church from state.. This demand is formulated in the so-called Erfurt
)ro-ramme of. the German Social Democracy which was adopted 11"h 1891 at
the congress in. Erfurt. In article 6 of that )rogramme it is stated;
"proclamati,on of reliq,,ion as a )ers.mal matter. abolition of all ex Ten=
ditures from )u.blic` funds for c iu.rch and reli,-ibus "urposes. Church and
religious assc:ciations should be considered to be -)rivate associations
which aarran~ e their matters suite inde )endently". The attitude of the
German Social-Democrats P~;rty with res-pect to the question of relations
between Church and ,*tate has been subseqi.zentlir adnnted by all the
Marxists. labour ,ar.ti.es and our Communist Party has the same attitude.
The consistent Marxist attitude of our Party with resoe'ct to this
question is clearly reflected in article 25 of the Constitution of the
FPRY wherein it is said: v'Freed~;r of conscience and freedom of religion
are guaranteed to citizens. The Church is se:iaarate from the state.
Religious communities, whose teaching is not contrary to the Constitu-
tion, are free in their reli;.,:ious affairs and in the ierformance of
reli, 1,ous ceremonies. Religious schools for' the education of )riests
,,re-free and are under the senernl su, r. vision of the state.- The abuse
of the Church and of religion for )oliticnl )ur io'se:s and the existence
of )olitlcal or nisations on n- religious basis are forbi."den. The
*Late may extend material assistance; to religious corlmunitiestt,
This Constitutional )rovision was -intr. oduced on the basis of the
greatest victories of our )o )ul,-r revolution, . ,_n the basis of the fact
that the working )eo:ile under the leadership) of the Communist Party
have taken the )ow6r in their own hands arid" that in'-the course of the
armed stru gle against the invaders and against the traitorous bourgeois
unbreakable foundations of brotherhood and unity of our 1)eo -)les were
laid. By se )aretion of Ch~rch from state all confessions in our con
eountry have been ;proclaimed equal and free, rhd there is no longer any
"state church" which is being favoured at the expense of other Churches
as was the case in the east. By the fact that Church. is se-,)arated from
state. rel'1 rion becomes a -,)rivate ratter of the citizens of our country,
i.e, every citizen is auarenteed freedom of aff iliati ,n be this or that
reli;rfion in the same way as he is guaranteed the freedom not to belong
to any religious as'sncieti.)n and to manifest atheist c -)nv:ictions,
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a. ?are brash whioh does not a ear in' ,the
.Our C nsti't'utioh contains
tEr.furt ?ro :ram ^nt which provides or.: the ~ossihil}..:rye Pf the state
hel,-in'_ the, `Chlurch. Does Vi is )ara rr ~h i ' ~r,inc.i_ ?le 'v'iolate the
14arxi:st?, way of sol~:ing the ouestion of re.let'ior s 'between the Church and
the: s t r te9 I consider that.: it this case thare a r o deviation :from
the l~arxi:st, .positions. jelarxist rty a :'! )roa..ches every r ~~est~ on of
cla,ss..strugggle cf the. )role'tar.i.,st in a concrete ways taking into ,con-
sideration the riven. historic, conditions in.. whi.c.h it is developing
itself. , It as ' a, basic )rinci -)le .:for a Marxist .")arty to keeo:rn con-
ducting a stru r',le for socialism, to ' the s ?irit of Marxism rather than
to, its letter, anti the -)ractice of struggle for socialism serves as
the mast correct iridicator whether its attitudes ard`correct,. whether
,.they.: co.rres ?ond to, the essential interests of ,the l.ebdur class and of
the .`,other vorl irk masses. , That inth.e s'olvin: 6- '!the question of
relations. between the Church and the state in our`w d'ountry there is no
deviation from the Marxist positions is. best conf farmed '.by the socialist
practice itself; The authority in our country is in the hands-'of the
po'aular, masses', and in the )rocess' of our socialist develo,;)ment.the,
working masses,' led by the CP, are more and more broadly actively 'parti-
ci aat?in ;, in the 'administration of the v'ariou's.- forms of their social.
life in, the solving of all the questions of ; the `present and .of the
future.. Under these conditions . there is nothing dangerous tosoci ~alism
due 'to -the .fact that such authority .-provide ''for material aid, to the
.Church and because of the fact it is r,ealisii g this'-dssibility because
it is doing this solely for the :)urpose.'of 'facili.tating :our, struggle
for socialism.
It is 'different in those countries in which :thit, dictatcorshiof the
bureaucratic caste is in. a)owe-r such as- the USSR' ant.. the Soviet bloc
countries, Material aid is being given to thcs.e countries in the, first
}lace in order that the ruling class should ensure' for itself that
position n' su :))or't 'i) the carrying, -out, of e x)loitation and subjugation
.of broad masses of workers. Meanwhile when our.:?o )ular authority .
extends 'material aid to. the Church,, it "does that als.'o for the reason
.that it should mobilise a major segment of ')ri_est:lhood 'which,shows;under-
standin r for' tho interests of the )eo-31e fora the carrying out. af ,the
tasks of the buildin';-u.) of socialism . in our country. By , such, a .policy
towards the Church our, )olpuler authority is makin'-Ir it im-Dossible for
.the reactionsry.clergy to arovoke. and sharoen the 'religious )roblem
and to slit the ).o )ular masses on those questions towards which. it is
driving the . )o )ular masses with the aid of th,e' oth(-r :enemies ...Of
socialism. . By the. fact that it extends .mate.rial aid 'to the .)riesthood
which is orientated towards.the. :)e.ople end by the' fa'ct that it does not
sharoen relifr;ious questions, our )o )ular authori'ty,`, by organising all
the >o ?ular masses for,carrying out the. essential .task Tor the struggle
for socialism) :j s . creating more .and more favourable, conditions for com-
~~lete liberation of` the -masses from religious re.judices and conceits,
from the. .ersecution which the, Church exercises;' over them ,through' the
medium. of reli-lion:.
Our ?arty is also . )e>rsistently fig-:h,ting against o, :')or-tunistic twist-
ing of its line towards religion and the. 'ro-,)er auttiri; into ''effect of
this line has hitherto given im)ortant, 'results, . The reactionary anti-
>ular clergy has not succeeded in shar)ening. in our counts ' the.
question of religion towards which it has: been striving teE e lzer' with
the d e .josed .ca.~italist class end in the carrying. out'. of the party ' line
.towards Church, and' religion, l'we have heether . made a martyr ofA'th`e Church
nor hive. We mitiien to the Church arty ;rester rights .,thaq any which social
organisations, possess49 (Djilas), 'Thes'e.-ho )es of .trio enemies 'of our
socialist homeland have failed; while the promises of liberation of the
)o..)ular masses from the influence of religion is 'assuming a, .broader and
broader sc o_)e ,
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The Cominformist Parties: are manifesting on this question also a
pronounced revisionism'and utter lack of 33rinciple, and this is quite
understandable because revisionism on the basic questions of theory and
)ractice 'of a revolutionary. labour movement entails revision of-all
lines and on all questions.- Here are a. few data which show in a con-
aincing way their anti-Marxist line on this question also,- In Rumania
the Ministry of the.Interior has been makinp )reparatiorns for changing
over from the Greek Catholic to the Orthodox religion and of late the
Church in co-o'eration with the Rumanians' Cominformist Party has been
endeavouring to induce our Croatian minorities to adopt Orthodox
religion.. On the occasion of various religious holy days the members
of the CC of the Rumanian Workers' Party go to Church to attend services,
Josef Revai,? Chief of Agitation and Propaganda of the Hungarian
Workers' Party,lhas written an article titled "-Christmas Truth" in
which he said , that' Christmas is a - symbol of brotherhood and ,peace and
that for centuries Christianity had fought for justice, The Secretary
of CP Czechoslovakia,. Gottwald,. on the occasion of his'p:>roc'lamation as
President. of the Re,)ublic, went to Church and allowed All the Church
ceremonies to be )erformed which. previously Benes did not want to be
performed. . The Secretary of the CP Italy, Togliatti, in 'his speech
delivered in, June 1951 in Genoa in connection with municipal elections
declared that, "anti-clericalism has been liquidated in the CP Italy",.
and after returning from Moscow last year he offered co-0 )oration to
the Demo-.Christian Party', which is in '`,over in Italy,_ We see from
these data that the leaders of the Cominform')Prties;, both in those
countries in which they are in power and in t`h.o-se euLintries in which
"they have, not .had any luck" to assume )ower because.e of the )olicy of
the division of these spheres of interest between the USSR and the'
Western countries, are conducting. an explicitly anti-Marxist policy
towards the -Church and are in -this way throwing the .)ocular masses
into. the lap of the reactionary clergy to whom they are making con.-
cessio.na, and offering agreement.
During the period of transition from ca2itlism to communism, in
w :ich our country finds itself, relision also has its objective foun-
da.tion', Religion. is being ma.inta_ned both in view of existence of
the still unliquidated elements of the, old society incur economy and
also . in view of the, relative inde ,endence' which it. enjoys as a form of
social consciousness. Under the lea ders'hi . of the party, .the labour
class in.-allia,nee with the other. working masses has )erf'ormed that
"social act" of wr~ich Engels s.oeaks in the Anti-During as being the
pre-condition for the disappearance of religionr i,e.,. it has taken
the means of iroduction into its own hands and in thatway freed itself t
from the )osition of being a slave of these means, For the first
time.in their history the working masses in our country have by'their
revolutionary strug;-'le created for themselves the. conditions to become
com)lete. masters 'of their social relations, and under the leadership of
the party they are as rtici )a ting more and, more in the management of all
the forms of their social life. With the further development of
socialist democracy in our country and with its continuous deepening and
broadening the influence, of religion on the masses will inevitably'
become smaller. and smaller be cause.: the religion' s social basis from
which it '-m-ws and u:ion which it pests it being easily liquidated.
In. the -)ro-cess of our so'cia.l, detieln1iment, which leads towards the
buildirg_-u-,:) of a ,communist societvv, there will he liquidated not only
the remnant$? of Catholic elements in
our economy, for e~xamole` '~ra-
.duction of small articles which today in our country re--)resents the
strongest economic basis of religion', but-also the remnants of the
old ideas in the minds of men which still exist after the liquidation
of 'their social-economic recta., There is no doubt at all that our
social d evelo-)ment is )rogressinv along the lines. scientifically
envisaged by the classics of ' Marxism-LE: ninism (Marx,. Engels and Lenin)
and that it will lead up to com olote disappearance. of reli?;ion, because
men will be in a. )osition"not only to say what they will create?t'but
also "to dis_)ose'- with that which they cr=eate,
(SdENVER REDZIC
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J`E rajevo, 30th January, 1952).
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DI'SCUSaIUN ON SOCIAL FLAN;
Large ~'eriterpris.es in .Ri j'eka
introducing important. , changes
for the' purpose ots more irofitabl,e
operation--?The:re are :,also suco.h, whi?h
try to reduce the fixed minimum of
utilization of..,capac.ity,
RIJEKA,F:eb,7_ Discussion of the Social Plan is
developing in the enterprises :of Rij'eka.,.It i.s.the question
in the first place of those enterprises which in a sens.e, have
no competition'( ports, shipyards etc) and of.,'those which are
only starting production of certain articles which hitherto
have been imported , fro :i forea.gn...countries (various. ,e.ngines)
cranes and,other equipment).. Production costs of these articles
have not up-till now.been the subject of discussion although
certain amount. of attention has'`been paid to ;these expenses,.
Now.however, the situation has changed:.,;production .costs have
become the most serious subject of. discussion,-,The questions of
savingrintroduction of'n.ew'mechanization,assignment of workers
according to qua]ifications,changing of norms etc are being
discussed,
Discoverin df sty o_? !ein production.
One of the enterprises in 'which discussion. is very
lively is "Vulkan". The question of surplus labour forces is
being particularly successfully solted in this enterprises,,
'Switching oven to work with the. nur_mber of workers required by
technical process has already started.
The enterprise has for 20 days now ben carrying out
strictest check-up on production stoppage and has discovered that
about 2,000 working hours were lost on waiting caused by lack of
co-ordination of work among various sections.
New method of work in the ??NIay Third?? shipyard.
Our largest shipyard,??May Third?t,is seriously
tackling its problems, It has just st=e.rted building two
passenger vessels for coastal service. The work is being done
according to the so-called ??invert.ed keel?? system(putting of
sheet metal from above instead from below);this is a well known
system in shipbuilding which can be successfully applied in this
shipyard. Under this new system,vessels will be built more
quickly, better and with. less expense. The old process of work will
be considerably changed and, what is most important, will 1':a more
economical. l'or example; sheet metals will be assembled into
larger sections in workshops and after that they will be installed
to the framework of the ship. The sheet metals will then in the
majority of cases be welded together instead of riveted which will
mean a saving while the vessel will be lighter and stronger because
there will be fewer rivets and holes.
These are only s-)rie of the results ac.tieved during the
discussions. The discussions however are being continued and it is
not out of question that many other possibilities will be discovered
for cheaper and better production and consequently for realization
of bigger accumulations,
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Attempts to reduce the fixed minimum of utilization of capacity
However there. are still plenty of negative occurrences
in some., of the. enterprises particularily with respect to treat-,
ment 'of` labor force, when it is a question of establishing''
profitability of the enterprise. Such enterprises are now seeking
internal reserves.and are finding them most easily in ??surplus??
labor force, not paying much attention to whether or not such res-
erves exist also in the process of production, in organization
of work etc. Because of such concepts there are cases of careless
dismissal of workers without finding other jobs for such workers.
There are also such enterprises which:are endeavouring to reduce
the minimum utilization of. capacity, although there is no reason
for this except the..fear of not being able to seriously .;solve
the, problem. Thus for example;. the construction enterprise
??Jadran?? whose minimum capacity under the social plan is below
forty percent has wanted to reduce even this.figure. And so .'it
has ahready made plans to dismiss about one hundred construction-
workers. The. enterprise is trying to justify. this. action by the
fact that in?Rijeka,there'sre seven or eight private constructi.on+
enterprises''which usually, because of lower overhead,'are`doing
every job cheaper. However the ??Jadran?? enterprise which;is
better equiped has better'technical possibilities and consequently
bigger possibilities to reduce overhead, has not bothered to
reduce production costs in any other way but by simply trying-to'
reduce the capacity below the fixed minimum.
Unlike the ??Jadran?? enterprise.- the enterprises of the
Central Administration of Ship NTachinery, although. ;they Ire,making
new and as 'yet .unsufficiently profitable articles,, axce trying_ to
maintain the level of production or even, to?. incroa.,5e it
(Sgd.) B.Miljkovic.
('POLTT;KA,.February 8, 1952)
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IDENTICAL T'`ORkING BOCOIFLETS FOR T'ORILEI S A b ERKS
On 'the basis of the girt.'. 3 8 , of" the Law on the. planned mana':emcnt of
our 'n tional Qconomy, and on the proposal o the` Council 'for Public ?.Ile~alth
and. Social 7^elfare, the Federal' Govere.ment 'passed: 'its Regulation on
employment booklets. The aim of this Regulation is to :establish stable
and -sound working' relations ' in our country. The-former system of issuing
employment booklets failed to,meet our expectations. Some workers had
two and even three of such booklets 'and some of them have been employed
without possessing r-,ny. On the other hand, even the system applied to
the employment booklets of employees did not correspond to the present
day requirements. Both -of :these booklets have been lacl'~ing the nec~ess.ary
authority since they had no connection with rights of workers .and
employees. deriving from the social Lisuraace or corking relations in
go;iernir Henceforward') all persons' -wishing-to enter a' service, as well
as those already engaged, 'must be supplied with employment 'booklets.
'According; to the new Regulation, employment booklets will have
thy; following; main characteristics: they will serve as a confirmation
of the extent of proficiency or'skill, profession, degree 'of oua1ificat_
ion, of years spont-in s~ervice,Iand of rights to the social insurance
pension and of other privileges based on working relations. Employment
booklets -Jill be,identical both'for workers a.nd,employees ^.nd they are
to be issued to all persons engaged by . the state' or. cooperative 'and
private employers. I-IEnceforward, -iorkii g pe:Lsons can have but :one
employment; booklet and they cannot got another Employment if it is not
explicitly stated in the, booklet th?nt such persons have "loft their former
jobs in 'accordance. with legal provisions.
This Regulation stipulates also fi.`nees for directors of enterprises,
institutions , cooperative orgni izations' ,As acll' as for private . employers
and ,-Jorkers- ^.nd employees who would be acting contrary to the provision's
of this Regulation. This Regulation refers to all, the government, Co-
operative, social and private employees q .rid it is to be implemented
immediately.
( POLE, Februriry $ 1952. )'
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OUR FUTURE LOC_'.L GOZ, RNMFNT
The structure of organs of authority in the new organi-
sation o f . ;hbomY Q e // l c i ~ Hot,rncto two degrees: ^the munici-
pal People s and People s Council, of Flown Hu:nz.ci G li ties and
above them District Peo)le;'s Committees, The teginn2.l Councils have
already been abolished and between the Reoublican and the lowest local
nrgansof authority remain only the District People's Committees. The
hitherto inde )endent cities, towns 'outside: the _)recincts of the district
will be abolished as such, except the bi ; cities (Belgrade, ,Novi Sad,
Subotica Nis and others) will be included as c6m)onen.ts of the
district as their economic, cultural and )i.tica.1 centres, The simli-
fying of the structure of. the Pea ple r s ?mm ee~reates serious advan-
tages for the development of the local organs of. authority, the: costs
of their administration are' lowered, conditions for the improvement of
their com_)osition, from the )ro:fessionel and -)olitical point of, view are
created and thus make organs of authority much, nearer and direct
to the 7eogle0 " A separate p ce ; the -ore ~arati~on concerning: the.
reorganisation of the Peoy)le' mmi~t e'ohas- been taken up .by the or. oblem
of creating ?munici_oalities Ks the basic administrative-territorial
units. The. es.senpAmo greating munici)alities and setting up
m
ee
municipal Peple's shas iven cause to different naive concera-
tions concerning the fact that the name munici.)ality is ."is Wiauitable"'
and that "does not co,m.)ly with our system'" because it is similar to the
muniei::)alities in. former. Yugoslavia which have been corn )rorr,ised, :but,
.besides these naive, there are also some ill-intentioned interpretations
in the villages and outside them that the creation of rnunid.pal.ities
represents "reversion to the old". In this second "11conception" there
is not much need for discussion, because it .is only the forlorn hope
of a number of individuals who in each of our new measures would like.,
to discover something as "reversion to old". But they and their
wishes are.. continually denied by the socialist essence of all our
measure's in the building; of the country, But characteristic are the
first conce otions which a )pearvith some cor1rnd.es in the District P eooole's
.Oommittess., They are, no doubt, the result of insufficient stuck;' of
the essence ofthe forthcoming reorganisations of the Pe,o )lets Committees.
The creation of munici )alitie s has nothing in. 'common with..such
conce-)tions, The territorial division on local People's Committees
corn )lied with our 'hitherto development in which the local People's
Committees had to execute directly a number of important econonc and
other tasks. More or less all Peope s Committees were in the major
part o )erative organs and very often they took no cart as leading
olkgans in the building of their area, In the further development of
our country these` operative fu-fictions will decrease daily until they
disappear completely', particularly in regard to econ-my and other
social ?bligat1ons,, But on the other hand the responsibility and the
tasks of the People.'s Committees in the field of communal building in
creating more favourable conditions for the life of the c itizens in
overcoming 'class remnrnts in our social community and in the further
development of forms of socialist democracy and participation of the
eoole in the activities of the agents of authority will increase..
The tasks will be -particularly important and great in relation to the
villages, in the field of socialist - transformation of P criculture to
the creation and Strengthening of )eesant working co-operatives and
other forms of ai-rricultural co-o aeratives. The People's Committees
in the new financial and -.ohnning system will get definite rights in
regard to.all enterprises, in their, area and they will thus strengthen
the.economic basis of their self-government but at the same time as we
inc their responsibility and tasks towards the social community will
increase.
In order that the People's Committees might execute successfully
all these tacks it has been 'shown as vital uu create such a roas - basic
administrative ooerative units, economically encircled whose economic
nos:si'hiliti.es wi1T ensure their further development an? execution of all
tasks as -well as their gradual growing into the natural comrnuhity of the
inhabitants in a set area, future local social community of the
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type. of the commune about which Marx spoke. In it lie basic reasons
for creating new territori;a?l units, municipalities. The name
municipality (which in our country has some tradition) rebre.se.nts. in
no way ajtrevor'sion. to the past." On tJ e c , rary', the, creation,., of
mun3.ci oalitie~a and people's manic p .4m eeYepresents an :important
sap furthier' in our 'socialist building and represents.:.the first foun-:.
dations from which local social communities will be formed.'.
The pro_)osal for'enlarging the areas of the local People's
Committees. and the creation of municipal People's Committees has been..
accented generally in. PR Serbia, The formation of areas of .the ,future
muni.ci alities has been the gub,ject of all round and fundamental dis-
cussions in our People's Ro )ublic .. All -proposals of the District
People's Committees in the new administrative-territorial division have
been examined critically at elpctors' i,Zeet' ,,~ in all the villages.
Electors had everywhere g rent oossibilities to expressthe'ir, opinion,
wishes and inclinations both in regard to the inclusion of, their
village in one of the munici?al areas -swell a.:5. in regard to the seat
of the Pea ale's Committee of their munici-:-)al,ity.. The conclusions
brought at electors' meetings were taken in the majority-of cases as
the basis of legal draft in administrative-territorial divis.ion Which,
after.being, accepted by the Government of PR Serbia will be handed to.
the Legislative Committee and the Committee for the People's Authority
for examination and then brought before the People's Assembly of PR
S bias . . The formation of the Municipal People's Committees will follow
t r the assembly passes a new law concerning the administrative-
territorial division of PR Serbia.,'
The People's Municipal Committees enter the new organisation
disburdened of numerous o e'rstive tasks which the local People's
Committees head, particularly in the field of the compulsory purchase,
sowing, labour and so forth. Disburdened from these activities, the
municipal People's Committees will be'in the possibility of engaging
themselves in solving local problems and the needs of the villages?
And such -oroblems are numerous in all our villages both in the field of
communal activity as,well as in the field of national health, education,
social insurance,etc.
In the solution of all these problems the people's Municipal
Committees will have a great deal of indeoendehce. This lies on the
basis of their forriooeen' organisation. The municipalities will have
their own inde )endent budgets and will decide independently concerning
revenues Which they will realise in their area, The needs of the
municicality will be financed as a rule frc' iocaal taxation end in order
to raise individual communal, health and other objectives in the
village, the People's Municipal Committees with the acquiescence of
their electors will be able to levy taxes locally. Besides these means
the mun.icloalities can have revenues also from social contributions,
inheritance taxes and .: i.fts, from the collection of different taxes,
etc. In what 'percenter.e the muni.ci--)alities will oarticioste in the
distribution of these revenues will becdecided by the Social Plan,
namely by the bud et of the District People's Committee, This principle
of self-financing of municipalities will anyhow contribute seriously to
develop the spirit of saving, particularly in local administration and
it will give incitement to the municipalities to develop their communal
activities and to a.)proach more seriously the settling of the villages
and life therein, besides the President, the municipality will have
no longer paid councillors, The Secretary of the People's committee
will be an employee, who, in agreement with the District People's
Council will be chosen and named and appointed by, the Plenum of
the People's Municipal Committee, The number of other muhicipal
employees will be established separately for every municipality, but
this number, in regard to the more direct participation of councillors
In he . olution of all problems of the committee,will in any case be
smal er an the number of employees in the present local People's
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Committees, As a rule in the municipalities there will not exist
committees for individual organs of authority except with the
greatest ones (for example in the Vojvodina),. where more com)licated
communal and other >)roblems similar to those in town and municipali-
ties exist, in such People's Committees the need might arise for the
formation, for example., of a communal or other committee,
The organisation of the municipal People's Committees which
will take place in the immediate future , will be s irr olified
in regard to the organisation of the local committees. But for this
reason the larger and more the councillors
as well as of electors in theevery-day work of the People's
Committees must be ensured, This is a necessary condition and there-
fore the draft of the new organisation of the lowest organs of the
Pec-olE's Authorityt PeoDple's Municipal Committees; -provides also forms
for the )ertici ), tion of the people's masses in social a ff'ai rs, snuh
as electors'`.me.etings, village councils, different commissions and other
forms of peol)lee's partici.xn.tion, . The development of these forms in
the hitherto local People's Committees has shown im)ortant successes,
In 'the functioning of 'the future Municipal People's Committees, in
order:to:increase the development of socialist democracy, this will be
a pre-requisite for their right functioning,
(Sdw), M,
(GLAS, 8th February, 1952),.
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PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS -)F .LABOUR SYNDICATES; Place and tasks of
labour syndicates under the
conditions of :planned economy.
There has been a lot of unclearness regarding the tasks
of,labour-syndicates under . the conditions of planned'economy.in
connection with the question of protective functions,of the
syndicates. Opinions have been expressed thatthe'syndicates should
no.longer perform those functions,that they should no longer
fight agiinst. mistakes and violations of the ,;acquired.rights. of
the workers but that instead of the syndicates the Workers' s
Councils and Managing oards should directly solve all such and
similar :questions,
Such concepts are completely wrong,and the result of
them has been passive ,attitude adopted by some of the organisations
and weakening of their influence on the workers, Protective
functions of'the syndicates should,as a principle, weaken because
all the questions concerning working and living conditions of the
workers should be solved by the Workers's Councils and Tanaging
Boards. However,it would be a great illusion to expect that all
this can be done overnight,that by the fact that management of
enterprises is now in the hands of workers and employees--there is
no longer any need to protect the r interests of workers and
employees,because all possible irregularities would be corrected
by the managing organs.
Contrary to these illusions, every day practice shows
that even under the conditions where enterprises are being managed
by workers,at least at the beginning,there often happen smaller or
bigger mistakes harming the interests of the workers,as for examples
prolongation of working hours,not paying for over time work,
irregular payment of emolument, short payment of emolument,
insufficient technical and hygienic protection at work,raistakes
in connection with social security or housing etc. Does not the
fact that ct-rtain enterprises are dismissing their workers and
nursing mathers as well as older and physically weak workers
under the excuse of excess labour forces, in order to ensure
profitability of the enterprise which,in the opinion of some
of the managers,is possible to achieve only by young and healthy
labour force--plainly tell us that the workers's managing organs
should have sufficient power to prevent such inhuman and unsotialist
attitude towards the workers ? Is not this a sufficient reason
for energetic activity by the syndicates in this respect ? It is
not a question of protection of individual workers or employees,but
rather a question of defending the democratic principles and the
authority and prestige of the new economic system of management of
the enterprises by workers. And it is just this new system of
management and distribution of surplus labour that demands of every
worker to show full interest end to exercise full control over the
work of the organs of management--which means:that the labour union
organisations must keep an open eye on the work of the Workers's
.Councils, that they must develop and guarantee constructive and
positive criticism,in the same way as they must not forget the fact
that,despite the existence of the managing organs composed of workers
and employees, they must watch over the interests and positions of
the workers as lorgas there are occurrences of neglecting these
interests,
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19:
Consequently the.weakening.of protective functions of
the syndicates' should be considered as a long process. Protective
functions cannot~bo.abolished by any decision of. labour union
leaders nor by any regulations--because these functions will
gradually disappear parallel with the gaining of economic strength
by the country: As long as there is,s need for the labour union.
organisation to look after the interests of the workers rind-to
protect the workers--it must perform. these protective functions.
It is very probablee, that just now--during the period of
introduction,, of the new economic system,when hundreds of new
problems-and questions will crop up before the Workerst's Councils
and Managing Boards-- it will be necessary for the labour union
organi:, etions .to intensify, their protective function.
(Sgd.Ivan Bozicevic.
(BORBA)Feb.9,1952.)
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AGGRO'-SSIVE P ESS.URE OF H?1J: 1C iRIAIV co .IN:E~'GRMI ST
It seems that Hung aryl under .the plan `of the cominform
center has beenasircned, in theprosent situation,' to lead in.,
the -execution,of 'the policy of ac?gressive pressure against.
Yugoslavia. Acts of the Hungarian leaders,to carry out orders
obidiently and assiduously, show sufficiently clear the stubborh
continuance, of hostile policy ins:gite of ,the recently adopted
Resolution in the UN General Assembly
Immediately after the. passing of the' said Resolution, the
Hungarian cominformists o.ranized.the: well-kntawn 'surptise
attack on the river Musa and with armed forces seized,a'part
of the Yugoslav territory. In the dispute, which''artse? due
to this incident,, obviously beforehand prepared, the complete
lack of good will of the Hungarian leaders to settle their
relations with Yu-oslevia,ina manner as provided by the
usual regulations ii:, international practice, by international
law, by the Charter and the Decisions of UN, came to full
expression.
The rise of intensity and scale of the propaganda
cnmpai?n, which in connection with that border provocation
of the Hungarian authority appeared, enlightens only more
clearly the motives which the organizers had in mind during
its preparation, as well as on the course which they intend
to carry out in realtions with Yugoslavia. The organ of the
Hungarian cominformists Szabad Nep, dealing with this question.,
described the call of Yugosl_nv Government for pacific and
conformable approach for solving this dispute as " shooting
a provocative bullet in the, open" and insolently imputed
to Yugoslavia the alleged intentions that "she wants to
cause provocations of international scale". It is obvious
that such expressions have no other meanin but to sanction
new ane future provocations against Yugoslavia. and endanger the
international security in general.
The Hungarian ?overnment and its organs are applying
other, already common forms of pressure and trreats. As it
is known, Hungarian organs have recently fired at frontier
?uards on the Yuvoslav territory,seriously wounding our
frontier guard Alil Malisevski,
The stated facts - beside a series'of other which
occur daily and through wiich the aggressive political line
of the Hungarian cominform"agency is carried - quite clearly
speak about the continuation of cold war against Yugoslavia
conducted by the countries of the Soviet bloc and about the
participation of Hungary in it.
The fact that Hungary has been assigned with the to*k to
be at the head in carrying political pressure on Yugoslavia,
surely has its foundations and motives in the internal situation
in Hungary too, in problems and difficulties which the Budapest
cominform agencyYts encountered on the people enduring double
pressure and exploitation - their own bureaucracy and the bureau-
cracy of the enslaving "leading country". Following blindly
"the Soviet experience in building socialism" and the directives
from Moscow, Rakosi's government recently strengthened its
pressure over the working masses, and under the name of fight
against "undiscipline" rapidly intensifin^. the state capitalistic
relations, increasing the position of bureaucracy and still
further pushinFr the producin? masses into the position of complete
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lack of any riuhts and subordination. This campai,p;ti against the
"undiscipline", that is, against the resistance of work,in -masses
to the brutal exploitation and terror, and for r v~ system
of control in economy, causes dissatisfaction and serious internal
problemswhich still further increasesand deepersthe contrariety
derived from-the colonial position of the country in relation to
the USSR r'r
In such situation the Hungarian cominformists think that by
oranising provor,ations and border incidents-at the Yugoslav
frontier and by anti-Yugoslav propaganda which those aggressive
acts are accompanied, they will draw the attention of Hungarian
working masses from painful internal problems and to canalize
their dissatisfaction to other direction.
Si7ned: R.R.
(BORBA, 9 February 1952)
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DISCUSSION ON THE SOCIAL PLAN IN AGRICULTURE
The Special Commission of the Council for griculture and
Forestry of th`e government of the FPRY composed of vice-pre -
sidents of councils of the Republics and agricultural experts
f om Belgrade, have already been working for several dayd oft
tie elaboration of the proposals of the social plan in agri-
culture. For some days they will, continue to work on the
proposed means by which state agricultural. holding and peasant
working collectives vll transfer to the new system of economy;.
(Tanjug)
(BORBA, 9th February, 1952)
REPRESENTATIVES OF THE BRITI. H RED CROSS IN YUGOSLIMIA
Lady Limerick, v ce-president of the British Red Cross
and Evelyn Bark, councellor for international relations in
the same organization, who are staying:in Yugoslavia as
the guests of. the Yugoslav Red Cross, have visited a number
~
of health and social institutions in Be1~;ra~e and the Yugoslav
Red Cross organization in Bela-Crkva. On this latter occasion
the guests expressed.their satisfaction with the accomadatinn
and health care of the Greek children in our country.
(BORB'`., 9th February, 1952)
NEW ORE DE`.'OITS IN CROP
(Zagreb, 8th February)
Geological experts discovered'new ore deposits in
Croatia last year. At Beslinca in Banija substantial
amounts of metal are to be found, particularly iron and
copper, Samples of the iron ore found at Debeljak in
Lika contain as much metal as is found in the ore of
the best mines. Geological and other experts have exa-
mined the depth and. extent of the layers, and possibilities
of exploiting them,
Geologicaal experts have 'rund reoerves.of coal and ore
at Ras. Borings are being taken for oil in Dalmatia and along
the Monteneg.rian coast and similiarly around the exisiting
oil wells
(BORBA, 9th February, 1952)
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23
LETTER FROM THE CCCP SLOVENIA ON THE POLITTC!'T WORK OF THE
A 77;, - Communists shcaulcf be nolltical~'oranlzers
and the most active fighters in the poli-
tical, cultural, and economic fields,,
(Ljubljana, -$ February)
In connection with the recent session of the Seventh
Full'Plenuin of the CCCP Slovenia at which the domestic
political questions'were discussed, the letter from the
Central Committee on.improving the political work of the
Party organization; in Slovenia was announced today,
After noting the successes in connection with the
reorganization :of our economy and the development of
socialism, the letter emphasized the importance of Treater
political activity by the communists aed Party organizations.-
In regards, to this the Party organizations and communists
should not become part of the state apparatus but should
first of all represent nolitipal organizers and be the most
active fighters in the political, cultural and economic
fields. The hitherto practice of tie Party organizaticns
which have been preponderantly. dealing; witth the practical
solution of every day problems. shows the necessity for a
stronger political activity which would prevent the future
appe:aranc:es(in press, propaganda, culture, etc) of ideas
forei n to' socialism and also prevent the unraveling; of
various outlived decadent 'theories" and pnr.ticularistic
and nationalistic slogans under the mask of democracy,
The letter further emphasizes that there We been
tt(. ants to use our economic difficulties to promote''
chauvinism, and to destroy fraternity and unity among the
people. of YuO:cslavia. Because of this, with the support
of the progressive socialistic force' of the working class
we must constantly and energetically destroy the, remains
of petty bourTeoise chauvinism, which is especially in the
present phase of our internal development and in the. exist: n ;
circumstances,,
In connection with this it is necessary to improve the.
work of the Party organizations, cc4m t,tsess : and individua:~1,
members,of the Party.. For Slovenia i is esi-)ecially import rt
that the working class st:rengthen.its progressive and revolu-
tionary. role, which it has in 0 7
our economy, in organs of
authority, in social-political and cultural-educational life.
It is necessary that the workers press be improved; the
workers cultural organizations and institutions be developed,
and in that manner quicken the mastering of Marxist idealo ;ie s
amongst the workers, and in acquiring a general knowledge of
culture. This' would make it easier for the working class
to carry out the Party line and to conduct an idealoaical
battle against the present day perverter; of Marxism,
In the same way it is necessary to conduct an all-sided
and systematic battle against all attempts by the reactionary
clergy and the other rep t?ns of clericalism and white. guard's
(home 7uards of Slovenia) who are attemptinT...-tu -use religion
for reactionary purposes, and to explain to the masses that
the principle of free religion must be sharply iv::-.rated from
the attempts to misuse reli:rious feelings.
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_24_
In order that the Party or_aniz.,tions may fulfill these
tasks, the district, municipal, and-town committees should
prepare their own plans of,work in the future, to ,analyse our
forces and 'those. of the reactionaries and to. c.lea.n out all
the opportunistic, .careering element's end ctominform agents
from-out of their ranksi Open Party meetings will contribute
much too. strenatheninT'Party orL;anizations. Special attention must
be devoted to the` constant id l-logica.l. education of the Party
members so that finally all the remains of religious and
idealistic education in some of the Warty members will be
ed and that all the conditions.for, successful work
amongst the masses will be assured.., We - must fi ;ht' so that
all' the aims and -aspirations of our policy Wil;~- be cleae.to
all communists, to all members of the .People's Frront acid
to all working men. (Tanjug)
(BORBA, 9th. February, 1952)
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SESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S COP1i.;ITTEE OF THE CITY OF ELGRADE
At its last night's session, the People's Committee
of the City of Belgrade dealt,among others;with the question of
changing the names of'some of the. street of Belgrade,
The Red Army Boulevard will from now on be called
Revolution Boulevard, Marshal Tolbuhim Street will be called
Disabled Jar Veterans Street; Stalingrrd,1 ' Street will be called.
Macedonian Street; Warsaw Street will be called Jasa Prodanovic
Street,and Sazon Street will be given the?n.me of Filip Filipovic
the first communist Mayor of Belgrade in 1920.
The changing of the names of the st;.eets his been done
because they carried the names-of min who wanted to subjugate our
country and to make it one of their provinces. The name of the
Warsaw Street was changed because just recently the Polish
authorities changed the name of a street in Warsaw which was
called Belgrade Street,as well as the name of another street
which carried the name of our Youth Brigades. The name of Sazon
Street was changed because Sazon was Foreign Minister in Czarist
Russia.
(POLIT1KA 9th.. - Prn ru.ary 1952)
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THIS IS AN ENCtOSUR
00 NOT DETACH
NO, 697
S1-ATI12TV1 C
INDEX 21st January, 1952.
P.1. Headlines of Borba of the 20th January
P.2. Headlines of Borba continued
Headlines of Politika of the 20th January
P.3. Headlines of Politika continued
P.4. Headlines of borba and 7olitih of the 21st January
FROM BORBA OF THE 20TH JANUA.R '.
P.S. Provocation on the Lura: Yuroslav Government?reiects Hungarian
Note
Dr.Joze ?..ilfan leaves for his new post in India
Realisation of e id to Yu.roslavia
Representatives of the World Council of Churches leave Yugosla vja
Young Deople from abroad will visit Yu.roslavia ,gain this year
):S
P.6. Delegation of socialist youth at Zagreb
Ban on slanderous film in Zone A of the FTT.
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 20TH JANUARY
P06. Trial of Jakob Siraj and 1?laria Kralj in Ljubljana
FROM BORBA OF THE 21ST JANUARY
P.7. The Bulgarian nation under the terror of Kremlin hirelings:
conversation with refugees
P.9- Meeting of party activists at Novi Sad and party leaders from
16. the whole of the Vojvodina: speech by Boris Kidric.
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.1iiEADLI NES
20th January, 1952.
BORBA
P.1. MOSA.PIJADE1S INTERVIEW WITH A "BORBA", EDITOR,
THE GOVERNMENT OF, THE FPRY REJECTS THE LATEST HUNGARIAN
NOTE.
LETTER FROM THE CC OF THE UNION OF SYNDICATES OF YUGOSLAVIA
TO SYNDICATE ORGANIZATIONS AND ALL WORKERS ON THE ROLE
OF SYNDICATES IN WORKING OUT OF THE SOCIAL PLAN,
REALIZATION OF AID TO YUGOSLAVIA,
DR. JOZE VILFAN LEAVES FOR HIS NEW POCT,
Reception at the Yugoslav Embassy in Paris ('anjug, Paris
UN Assembly: s. eech by A--"es Beblor (Tanjug, Paris)
P.2. Discussion over the draft social plan of the FPRY.
Obligatory minimum as to the use of capacity.
CLERGYrS ACTIVITY DISSEMBLED UNDER THE MASK OF CLERICAL
DUTY.
as
YOUTH FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES IS AGAIN TO SPEN:.) SOME TIME
IN YUGOSLAVIA THIS YEAR,
REPRESENTATIVES OF THE WORLD CHURCH COUNCIL LEAVE YUGOSLAV1/1
0
Sixth plenary meeting of the syndicate organizations in
food and tobacco industry of Yugoslavia,
Tenth. anniversary of the Second Proletarian Brigad.e,.
REPRESENTATIVES OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNIQN OF SOCIALIST
YOUTH ARRIVE IN ZAGREB.
Data and documents on our Revolution contained. in. the
a,
volume l6-19 of the Information Handbook on Yugoslavia
published by the Directorate of In.fo??rma"Ion of the FPRY
P.,3. Tenth anniversary of death of. S'lavisa Vajner (article by
Rodol.jub Colakovic)
Application of regulations concer.ir..g the insuring of live-
stock,
Deficiencies in assessment of taxes in the district of
Tetovo.
P. 4. TRANSPARENT MANOEUVRES BY MOSCOW DIPLCM:ASY,
)rr^,,r 1a J rc ,s;,7, ion ado t~: ct by
Letter from Delhi on parliamentary elections in India.
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F.. Mossadect e denies. the writing of f ,zvjestija,UU; (Teheran,.
Panjug),
Forced labour by.youth in Czechoslovakia (Vienna)
P. 5.
Pr 6.
New accusations against the Unified Command in?Korea.
Ridgwayf e meeting with Admir'a.1 i'oyy (hussan; UP)
Slight fighting on the front in. .a yo, UP)
Statement by a, representative of the Left Wing of the
Italian Social-Democr&tic Party (Rome, Tanjug)
BAN ON A SLANDEROUS FILM IN ZONE "All OF THE FTT (Trieste)
French Governthent crisis continues (Paris , AFP)
Western powers' repl to a Soviet note on Austria
(London, Routery)
4
Anglo-Egyptian Dispute:
Letter from Western Germany on Karl ~.fiL. eht and Rosa
Luxembourgm
Report by a special UBorba" correspondent from Far East
on his journey from Tokyo to Ossaka and Kjotta.
Protests by the citizens of u raniste against the Plevdiv
trim::
4
Egiptian guerrillas attack British military camps
(Port Said, UP)
Sending of American troops to the Canal zone Egypt
would consider as a hostile act (Cairo, UP)
Reconstruction of Diocletiants Palace in Split.
Important publications by "Kultura" in 1952.
Total number of books in the library of "Matica erpska"
(Serbian Centre) at Novi Sad amounts to about 250,000.
A Finnish studies the Macedonian language.
Regarding the foundation of the first permanent Croatian
theatre,
P.7. Total number of accidents in Belgrade during the last year*
P. 2.
POLITIKA
Letter from London: Britain and Malaya.
International Cr-troniole: The problem of Europe and plans
for the establishment of a West European Union.
P.3. Capital investments in Yugoslavia,
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P.3. New installations in the oil refinery at Rijeka*
P.4. Caicultions and bill of .costs of production in
industry and mining.
PO 5, Another number of "Med,junarodna Politika'" (International
P. 6.
Affairs)
TRIAL OF Ji?t:OB SIRAJ AND MARIJA KRALJ IN LJUBLJANA.
P.7. End of the inaugural session of the Association of
Serbian `foachors?
Comission shops do not serve their purpose, but are in
a majority of cases a source of profit for some people.
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HEADLINES BORBA
21st Januarys .1952?.
P.1, MEETING OF P. RTY ACTIVISTS .:.T NOVI SAD AND ?i..RTY LL,1'..DERS FROM THE
VI LL1 GE,S' OF THE iOJ~ODINA : SPEECH BY COMRADE BORIS RIDR',I C?
TITS.YEr1R PRSPisarITIONS FOR 'BUILDING N'J R :. I Ltitil1YS U ILL BEGIN
High tension cable from Rios tar to Zadvarje completed
FRONT ZONE i' OF THE FTT: STATEMENT B . BR1.NKO BABIC ON THE IRRE GU,*
LAR LEGAL POSITION OF SLOVENES
IT. IS POSSIBLE TI-ILT THE PRODUCTION OF MOTOR TRUCKS CAN BE
INCREASED BY 15%
Town Party Conference at Titograd
P.24 A great a nd sincere man: the 28th anniversary of the death of
Ldni.n (Article siL;ned' C..K. )
PO .
Preparations for the celebration of the 10th anniversary of the
4th oroletarian brigade
Electric power station at Kostolac brought into permanent,use
Coneernint, articles on mineral wealth r nd geological research
(Article by Branko Stepanovic)
Letter from Bonn: t+.estern Germany. from one week's end to another :
a few events'- a picture of Germany and her problems (article
by Slobodan Glumac)
THE BULG1J I .N NATION UNDL1c r'HiD TERROR OF YiFtNMLIN HIRELINGS:
CONIJERS1. TION , 1TH REFUGEES -
World events: the Washin ton talks
Following the crisis in the French cabinets Edgar Faure forms
new French Government
Truce in Korea: short meetings without results
7,C
Anglo-Egyptian dispute: Egypt officially recognises the formation
of organised groups of 7uerillas (A.!, Cairo)
British troops occupy Arab part of Ismalla (hP, Cairo)
The succes.s of Yu.. usl,~.v trans-oceanic navigation
P-.2. DELEGATION OF SOCIALIST YOUTH INTERN I_TI UN..-LE HAAS 1_RiLI1,ED IN
BELGRADE
Yue,osla.v film shown in Greece
P.3. "Pravda" makes it % e . m that , . , .. (Editorial. si, ,ned J . )
P:,4, State plan: calculation of )ro uction and prices (Article
8d. M . M.
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5-'
AFTER THE PRO\ OCATION ON THE MURA - YUGOSLAV GOVERNPLUi T REJECTS
HUNGARIAN NOTE (Belgrade, 19th January)
A note has been.handed to the Yugoslav Legation in Budapest
which is designed to be' , the Hungarian Government f s answer to the
Yugoslav Government's request that Hungarian troops will immediately
evacuate the Yu,o'slav island in the River Mura and to the proposal
that a Yu oslav-Hungarian commission be set up to settle the dispute
and confirm the actual position.
According to the direction of its government the Yugoslav
Legation in Budapest has today returned the Hungarian reply because of
its slanderous and offensive contents, which cannot be given considera-
tion. (Tanjug)
(BORBA - 20t hJanuary,'1952)
DR.JOZE \,1LFI.N LEAVES FOR HIS NE POST
The Envoy Extraordinary and Ambassador Plenipotentiary of the
FPRY in India, Dr.Joze Vilfan, left yesterday to take u;) his new
duties. At the railway station Vilfan was seen off by Assistant
Minist~ r 11Miita Mil,jboviq., departmental head in the Ministry of Foreign
Iffairs and Pdvle Bel janski, deputy chief of the Protocol.. (Tanjug)
(BOFtiBA - ?Ot- Tonuary, 1952) .
REALIZATION OF AID FOR YUGOSLI\ IA
Our in )ortinf:? enter,)rise has already begun to set in motion
trade negotiations for the reeliza tion of -:promised hel) for the first
half of 1952 to the amount of 25 million dollars. of wrich the-US will
contribute 16,250,000 dollars, Greet nritain 5,750',C)OO dollers?and
France 3,000,000 dollars.
Representatives of the twee countries have a :)?roved in ;principle
a list of articles which was submitted by our government. It is under-
stood that these antici:osted goods will be delivered at an early date.
(BORBA - 20th January, 1952) .
REPRESENT:'TIVES OF THE a ORLD CHURCH COULCIL LEAVE YUGOSLi*P IA
(Belgrade, 19th January)
The representatives of the World Council of Churches, Dr.Tuft
and Dr.Tobias, have made a 4-day visit to the Serbian Orthodox and
Evans~elical churches in our country. On this occasion they have had
conversations with the Heed.of the Serbian Orthodox Church, the
Patriarch Z ikentije and with representatives of the Evangelical Church
in Voivodina and in Zagreb. ifter 'this, Mr.Tuft and. 1Vir.Tobias left
for Geneva. (Tanjug)
(BORBA - 2.Oth January, 1952)
YO
UNG PEOPLE FRO~' FOREIGN COUNTRIES u~ILL TT? . ITT YUCOSLr,1 It. THIS
YE7 7--
The Central Committee of Peo,ole's Youth and the Central
Committee of the Federation of Students of Yugoslavia have invited
members of student and vouth organisations of other., countries to visit
our c o unt ryA }~rt~ecrrhR~s~02$4~5 ?l~-L~1~8 90F~ifl1 IPIOOAOQ&'~ 1 beauties ,
her d(,, elo n , er is orica
and culturryl monuments and the way of
living of her citizens and young peo_ole,
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According to the Drogramme, holiday resorts and rest centres
will be organised foi the young people and students on the Adriatic
coast at Dubrovnik and Rab, and in Slovenia at the foot of-...the Julian
tips. For foreign students interested in Yugoslav.economy; folklore,
and historical and cultural monuments there will be arranged trips of s
several days in various parts of our country.
Delegation of Socialist Youth at Zagreb
(Zagreb, 19th January)
-A delegation of the Inturnetional Union. n' Socialist Youth w~ ich
is visiting our. country on the invitation of the CC of the People's
Youth of Yugoslavia has arrived in Zagreb. The. delegates have visited
two of the largest factories in Zagreb - "Rode Koncar" and "Promajsko"
and were interested in the administration of labour in these under-
takings.
(BORBA - 20th January, 1;'52).
BAN ON SLANDEROUS FILM IN ZONE A OF THE FTT
(Trieste, 19th January)
The Anglo-Arm::rican military administration in Trieste has banned
the presentation of the Italian film '.'Trieste inio" which had been . shown
in Trieste for two' days. The banning; of the-film followed the sharp
disapproval of the public concerning the..false.and biased represen-
tation of events recently past. The aim of. this film is to stir up
nationalist hatred and enmity between Italy and Slovene Trieste;- The
struggle of Slovene, anti-Fascists in Trieste against Fascism is
represented as being co-operation with the Germans and the Trieste
Freedom Movement as banditry.
(Sd.) M.P.
(BORBA -. 20th January, 195. 2),
TRIAL OF JAKOrs SIRi J AND MARIJA KRALJ IN LJUBLJANA
(Ljubljana, 19th January)
The trial of Jakob_Siraj, Catholic priest,.from Mirna,and Presi-
dent of the Children of Mary Maria Kralj,aro.usea irreat interest through-
out'the whole of Dolenska. 'Ihe?accused wore tried by a committee of
the Regional Court of-Novi Mesto., under the Presidency of Hubert.Repovz.
The trial was held in. the Fellowship Halla. in Trebri ja . The priest.
Siraj was,an active worker against the Liberation Front in 1941 and
organised peasant youth ^rups for the so-celled "Legion. of Death",
lager the "White Guard": e &ation.concerning members of the
Liberation Front to war criminals and betrayers of the Slovene.people.
On the basis of this information Slovene traitors, together with, the
occu )ation authorities, im >risoned Slovene patriots in concentration
camps or had them executed immediately. And after the liberation the
prieat Siraj continued his work a ainst the peoile's authorities and
progressive organisations. .The accused, Mania Kralj, was charged with
two war crimes, The court sentenced the clergyman Siraj to nine years'
h.ud labour and three years loss of civil'rights, and Marija Kralj to-
six months' herd labour.
(Sd.) M.M.
(POLITIKA - 20th' January; 1952)
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THE BULGARIAN NATION UNDER THE TERROR OF KREMLIN HIRELINGS:
REFUCxEES
CONVERSATION WITH,
(Skoplje, January 20)
Five Bulgarian citizens recently escaped to our country
it front of the terror committed over the Bu . 'arian population
.by officials and members of the Bulgarian Communist -arty.
Among them is Asen Simonov, electrician from Custendil.
He is a young man, in his thirties, elctrician by profession,
but without job - pronounced. as "unreliable" (the same as the
Bulgarian fascist authority during the occupation pronounced
as "umreliable" every member of the Communist Party in Macedonia
and its sympathizer3 as well as all other progressive men. He ,
does not enjoy the most, elementary !rights which other citizens
enjoy.
"To get a job in Bulgaria -- said Simonov - one should iove`?first
of all a certificate about "reliability! I had no such. certificate,
and that is why I could not get a job. Care about my child, my-
old. father and my family forced me to sell my property. This was
not enough so I had to take a licence, belonFring to o-1--o, -:.. LEI relatives
to sell fruits. With that licence I was selling pears at the
market in Sofia. I could hardly sell it because the wares of
workers and employees were very low, about 7,000 leva monthly".
Asen Simonov has been called to the "District Office" about
twenty times where he was beaten up for about .ten times, still
feeling the e f_'v-ct l of this.
Former partisans are being persecuted.
Asen Simnonov spoke about how former partisans who fought
together with Yugoslav partisans during the People's Liberation
War are now being persecuted and arrested in Bulgaria,
"One day, he said I have been invited by the father of
Kiril Bogoslovski (who is. born at Custendil and who is well-known
in that part as a partisan b(1 onc^ing to the unit of Slavca Trnski)
to mend the electric installation. He told me then.that his son,
Colonel Kiril., has been demobilised from the army because he was
in the partisan units with Slavco Trnski".,
Beside him, he knows that Stojne: Prljov, officer and well-
known former partisan, from Ziliriica, has been degraded,
"Freedom of criticism" in BCP
Refugee Stojne Gikev has been for a long time member of the
Communist Party in Bulgaria,
?Gikev has been expelled from the Bulgarian Communist Party
because he once criticized the leadership BCP in Ifl.s village of
Gornja Bresnica, when this "leadership47?distributed among
themselves, half of the received quantity of wool for wide
consumption, giving the other half to the whole village population.
Beside him, 14 other members quitted the BCP. Because of this,
out of 32 members of their party organization only 17 r.emaincd..
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Then he spoke about the terror of Cominformists over other
inhabitants.
"In my village says Gikev -- a group of terrorists have
beaten up Krum'Vasev, Dimitri.Tabuski, Jordan Brosacki, all
peasants. They were only threatening; me. Once they fired at me,
killing my dog..'Peasant woman Grozda Ljubenova hit the attacker,,
with an axe when he wanted to take her oxen. Grozda has been
sentenced to imprisonment with hard labour. For all this we
complained even to Sofia. A delegation consisting 15 men went
to Cervenkov - he did not wish to receive them. His secretary
received them, who said to the delegation to submit a written
complaint. Then we went to the State Control CDmmission. There
we were received by a Russian, we were said that he is the most
important man in the State Control C'mmision. He said: "They,
(referring to Cominformists in our village) ere right, because
they were fighting for 20 years, while you were sitting at home.
That is why you have no right to complain against them".
These are only some details'in the picture of present Cominform
Bulgaria. Depritred of all rights and persecuted, daily exposed
to arbitrariness of cruel bureaucratic hirelings, these
Bulgarian citizens reeked refuge in our country.
(BORBA, 21 January 1952)
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M E E T I N G OF :-,'1,RTY CTI' ISTS i ^1 NOti I SAD ND P',RTY LEADERS FROI 'HE
O F WHOLE THi \ UJUDIN11: Si'LECH BY CUl''lRi DE _LURIS KIDRIC
(Novi Sad, 20th January)
Member of the ?'olitbuto of the CC CPY and President, of the economic
Council of the FPRY, Boris Kidric, s, ooke last night in Nc,'vi.Sad at a
meeting_ of the members of the town )arty ctivists and )arty leaders
from the whole of the Vo jvOdina conce:rnin, the draft of the Social Plan
of the FPRY for 1951 and concerning -the di Gcu.ssi.on, wh-i ch is now taking
glace concernin this draft.
1' t the beginning of his s yet ch Comrade Kids. c em ~ha si so:d that the
draft of the Social Plan for-1952 is im )ortt nt, first- because it
-)resents a' cr m-)lete c: xarau le of he new economip system in re -ard to the
)lan, and secondly it is - im )ortant In red and to attE,iningp, some of our
basic obiectives: com)letion oI cc? vital investment building, the
strengthening of our de- ensit-e'otential and. all foundations for the
further building of socia lims'.
"Our arty leadershi) head in its mind 3 be sic
elabora?tin~- this draft. They are: first, the ,completion curing; 1952
of at least key ?com )ital investment buildin ? from the building, oo)int of
view, to corn )lete , a s far a s iossi.ble the erectins_; of machinery in our
new factories*,, so -that one: )(-;.rt of this work can be carried oti r to
1953,
The Im )ortance of th(-_: gorrgleti.on of Ca oital Investment Building
1WW:1hat does the com )lotion of key cc >itel investment buildin, mean?
The com )letion of the key investment building,, namely the cutting
into motion of new factories > means in the first glace that we shall
take our country out of the foreig-n trade iayrnents ;deficit,. wh ~- .
is well known to you all and from which our country is still sui't'ering,
In othe-r words that means if we com )lete key investment building and
when these factors are )ut into motion, we will have enough foreign
exchange for bum;' 1 raw materials and half-processed goods so that our
caooacities might work both et -)resent and also for future greater -)ro-
duction. The second result will be that w!,.re shall have sufficient raw
m