ORGANIZATION OF AGRICULTURE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 18, 2012
• Sequence Number: 16
• Publication Date: January 26, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

50X1-HUM
Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
CLASSIFICATION SECREM;ONMOL - u. S. OFFICIALS ONLY
SECURITY INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION REPORT CD NO.
Fp" N. 61. 6 ,
.
MAY 1949
COUNTRY
Czechoslovakia
SUBJECT Organization of Agriculture
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE OF INFO
ACQUIRED
DATE DISTR. 26 January 1953
NO. OF PAGES 1
NO. OF ENCLS. 1 (7 pages)
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO. 50X1-HUM
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ESPIONAGE ACT 50
U. S. C.. 31 AND 32 AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR THE REVELATION
OF ITS CONTENTS IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PRO.
HIBITED BY LAW. REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
THIS DOCUMENT HAS AN ENCLOSINE ATTACHED -
DB y nrrAnu
IFI CATION
SECRET CONTROL - U.S. OFFICIALS ONLY
STATE
NAVY
NSRB
DISTRIBUTION
ARMY
AM
ORR
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
THIS IS AN ENCISWI 50X1-HUM
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18 : CIA-RDP83-00415R014000116016-6
? 1; The'Poverenicivo PedhOspOdarstVa is'a'branch of the Ministry
of Agriculture dealing with all agricultural matters in the whole of
Czechoslovakia. It is located at Bratislava, Ulica buvorova 17, in a
six-story building. The branch has 450 employees, a third of whom are
women. The number of women increased steadily as the government
progressively transferred about 87,000 male employees in various parts
of Czechoslovakia to productive work. Originally about half the
employees were members of the Communist Party but as a result of the
constant purges their number decreased steadily. When an employee was
dismissed from the Party he also lost his position. Many senior
officials and experts were dismissed in this 'way, their places being
taken by "People's Representatives", who are young people with only one
instead of four years professional training. The dismissals also
affected pre-war Communists. As a result of these dismissals, which
began in 1950, the "People's Representatives" constitute 10 percent
SECRE
U.S. OPE,Ctikl.;6 ONLY
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
flY1-HUM
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
CONTROL '
U.S. OFFICIALS ONLY
of all employees. It is difficult to gauge the real feelings of
Party members, but it is believed that out of the 225 non-Party
employees, 215 are opposed to the present regime. Many employees
resign and volunteer, for work in mines for fear of sudden dismissals.
In spite of this strained situation there does not appear to be any
discrimination by the government between Party and non-Party employees.
2. The institution is headed by a representative of the Central
Agricultural Office in Prague, who is a loyal Communist with no
experience in agriculture but who carries out the instructions
received from the Central Office. His two deputies, who are also
departmental managers, are also loyal Communists and equally
inexperienced in agriculture. Each department has a manager and
qualified advisers. The following departments make up the
institution:
a. Personnel (Cadres), wht has political functions and is
considered the most important department.
b. Organization, which is responsible for the administration
of the whole institution.
c. Planning, which makes overall production plans for
sowing grain, planting vegetables, raising cattle, horses, and other
livestock.
d. Kolkhoze4 which is in charge of administration and
organization of new kolkhozes.
-2-
LUL.
CONTROL
U.S. OFF.'7.4 L-2) ONLY
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
50X1-HUM
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
?
CONTROL
? SECURITY INFORMAT4 u, S. OFFICIALS ONLY
e. Agricultural, which is the basic department and is
divided into sections such as: Cultivation of the land; sowing,
parasite preventive service; plant nutrition; growing of fruit,
grapes and vegetables; and pasture.
f. Livestock raising, which consists of the following
sections: Cattle; horse; poultry; pigs; beekeeping; fodder; and
fodder preparations.
g. Irrigation. In 1950 rice was planted in Zytni Ostrow
(between Bratislava and Kamarno). About 200 hectares were cultivated,
mainly in the Kolkhozes and Sovkhozes (State farms).
h. Forestry, which is independent, as all forests are
state owned.
i. Application of agrarian reform. As the division of the
land which was started in 1948 was concluded in 1951, this department
has fulfilled its task and is in the process of being liquidated.
J. Sovkhozes, which is also independent and supervises all
state farms in Czechoslovakia.
3. An area of 1,750,000 hectares in the whole of Czalchoslovakia
is sown with grain. Forests extend over approximately the same area.
The present 800 kolkhozes have a grain area of 160,000 hectares, giving
an average of 200 hectares for each kolkhoze. There are kolkhozes
owning areas up to 1,000 hectares. The 240 Sovkhozes hold grain areas
totaling 120,000 hectares, so that the average area covered by a
sovkhoze is 500 hectares. The remaining grain lands belong to a small
number of formers working individually but in accordance with the
U. S. OFFICIALS ONLY
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
XHitil- I FflX1-HUM
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
SCUM itituitanot_
CONTROL
U. S. OFFICIALS ONLY
agricultural policy of the governnent. Not all farmers in villages
where there are collective farms are members of kolkhozes; some try
by all means at their disposal to remain independent and not to enter
the kolkhozes. In spite of this the number of kolkhozes increased
steadily under government pressure. There is no law forcing farmers
to join collective farms. Collectivization is still in its beginning
and is not yet carried out in a uniform manner.
I. There are four types of collective farms in Czechoslovakia.
These are:
a. Farms about to become kolkhozes. They are not included
in the above 800.
b. Kolkhozes where machinery is owned and work is done
collectively. Members receive their share of the yield according to
the land cultivated. Livestock is privately owned. In this type
the land has not yet been pooled and still consists of small sections.
0. Kolkhozes which are completely collectivized. Land,
machinery and livestock are pooled and work is done Jointly on large
sections. Each member receives a small sum for his land (200 kronen
per hectare). Wages are paid per working day according to fixed norms.
d. Kolkhozes which have reached the final stage. All
property and work is collective and all members are paid according
to the labor invested.
Kolkhozes of the third and four* type receive seeds, manure and
equipment more cheaply than others. The output of the kolkhozes is
SECRET
CONTROL ICONTROL
U.S. O FFICiAl.c nro v I
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
et r- dr%izrw1-HUM
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
J
1 U. S. OFFICIALS ONLY
very low and they often need help from outside. This comes in the
form of nbrigades" of clerical employees who accept this duty with
open dissatisfaction. Sometimes employees are sent to work in the
kolkhozes during their holidays and this causes great bitterness.
Work in the kolkhozes and sovkhozes is largely mechanized. Al].
machinery except combines, which are received from the USSR, is of
Czech make.
5. In 1950-51 the yield of private farms increased compared
to previous years. This was due not only to better rains but also to
increased output of work by the farmers. The highest output was noted
in the sovkhozes. The sovkhozes had only hired labor paid in cash and
in Fain, which amounted to 3,000 to 4,000 kronen monthly, while
industrial workers earned 4,000 to 5,000 kronen. The government
intended to adjust the pay of sovkhoze laborers to that of industrial
workers, but they also were dissatisfied with their pay because of
the constant raising of norms which reduced their wages. In 1950 the
average yield from one hectare of land was as follows:
a. 1,600 kg. grain (rye, wheat, oats, barley),
b. 20,000 kg. sugar beet,
c. 13,000 kg. potatoes.
Owing to the shortage of fodder the number of cattle decreased in
1950 and a shortage of meat was felt. There were also shortages of
wheat
other basic foodstuffs, and 300,000 tons of mint and 300,000 tons of
fodder had to be brought from the USSR.
-5_ SECRET
CONTROL
U.S. OFFICIALS ONLY
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
Declassified
?
? -Dry. 50X1 -HUM
in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
inrimivik;iiiiv
CONTROL
U. S. OFFICIALS ONLY
6. Food and clothing are rationed. The meat ration is 1.33
1%. per month; sugar, 1.40 kg? per month; and bread and flour, 10
kg.
per month. One hu4dred twenty clothing and shoe coupons are
issued yearly. A pair of shoes costs 145 points and a man's suit
costs 48 points. There are state owned shops selling rationed goods
in unlimited quantities but at high prices.
791,111WW.90c4 The following individuals are Imown:
4"71.4164almlia111.161.1aft
-* a. Ouleil Marek? Manager of Poverenictvo Podhospodarstva in
Bratislava.
-6-
50X1-HUM
CCN IRO L
tTS nPPini I C c.7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
c'rircnY1-HUM
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/18: CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
SECURITY Ihrune,,jiiia.....z.
CONTROL
U.U. S. OFFICIALS ONLY
b. Dr. Stefan Fiser? Deputy manager and manager of the
organization department.
o. Dr. Ronde's, Deputy manager and manager of the kolkhoze
department.
d. Palasty, Manager of Cadre department.
e. Jan Kostial, Head of Agricultural department.
_ ,.....
f. Mozola, Head of the Livestock raising department.
g. Led.nar, Head of the Sovichozes department.
h. Dr. Wladyslav Skotta, Head of the Agrarian Reform
Department.
-7-
CONTROL
U. S. OFFICiALS ONLY
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/09/187. CIA-RDP83-00415R014000110016-6
50X1 -HUM
50X1 -HUM
50X1 -HUM
50X1 -HUM