SAC BRIEFING AND VISIT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83M00171R000600080007-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 25
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 30, 2004
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: November 14, 1979
• Content Type: MFR

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MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD
SUBJECT: SAC Briefing and Visit
14 November 1979
1. General
On Wednesday and Thursday November 7-8 1979 the Strategic Air
Command, 544 ARTW, provided a briefing to DASITT, in Omaha, of the major
ADP-T system support to imagery processing as well as all-source
intelligence production responsibility of the wing. Numerous SAC
officers and enlisted personnel participated in these briefings. See
the attached agenda for indication of the major players and
comprehensive nature of this visit. DASITT attendees were:
2. Data Flow and ADP-T Systems
The attachments to this memorandum include the SAC response to
the preliminary data call and supporting information concerning three
operational computer systems and one telecommunication system of
moderate to large scale, the Operational Intelligence Support System
(OISS), composed of five AN/GYQ-21V's intended to evolve into a two way
internal/communications and routing capability at SAC and with external
organizations via AUTODIN, IDHS-11, SOCOM and DDS. Additionally, more
USAF review(s) completed.
WARNING NOTICE
INTELLIGENCE SOURCES
AND METHODS INVOLVED
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detailed ADP descriptive has been placed in the SAC/PACER file,. but is
not distributed with this memo. The three major ADP systems operational
at SAC are PACER, System 70 and TRICONS. The system of major interest
to the DASITT is PACER. System 70 and TRICONS, though both make
extensive use of the output of PACER, serve functions which only
minimally (less than 5%) are associated with imagery ADP-T. This report
shall thus concentrate primarily on PACER. Included also in the
attachments is an out-of-date, yet still accurate depiction, of the
Integrated Data Base environment which is the "heart" of PACER. The
PACER Data Base is a collection of interconnected files and records
(network structure) of approximately 500 million characters associated
with 90 thousand installations (targets). Half of these characters
serve link and control functions. These installations include almost
all of those designated as COMIREX targets active for collection and/or
exploitation. The "file" also includes a substantial number of
installations of interest to SAC to support its SLOP responsibility and
DOD delegated production effort for EOB Volume I. most AOB and
offensive/defensive missile order-of-battle. 25X1
3. ADP Operational Concept
It is difficult to quantify the magnitude of ADP-T in SAC
associated with imagery processing. In many ways SAC has designed and
operates its computer environment as an all-source intelligence system
compatible with the information requirements and needs of its all-source
analysts. Never-the-less, it is not arguable that the magnitude of
information held within the PACER Data Base has been derived from
imagery and that the capacity requirements of PACER seem directly
proportional to the volume and timeliness of imagery which results from
imagery satellite collection systems. PACER processing load is at least
75% related to two major PACER subsystems: PI support and Collection
Management. While ELINT processing is a major activity at SAC, in PACER
at least it serves primarily as an important collateral source for
imagery exploitation functions and verification/validation data for
all-source analysts relative SLOP and EOB delegated production.
Conversely, System 70 is greater than 80% utilized for ELINT processing
functions, using PHOTINT (output from PACER) as its primary collateral
source. Plans are currently underway to replace and integrate both
PACER and System 70 function with new computer hardware and software.
Competitive 'icitatinn and urement is expected to be well underway
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4. Integrated, All-Source Imagery Exploitation
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5. Deficiencies, Problems and Issues
The major complaints heard at SAC were:
* poor user response time of PACER
* difficult to find out (from AIRES) the timely status of SAC
collection requirements
* outmoded and difficult to maintain HW/SW associated with
both PACER and System 70
* concern with
* some concern with an increasing "national exploitation
responsibility" without concurrent increases in IA resources
and improved IA expertise.
Excepting for the last point above, SAC believes that its planned
IDHS-80 upgrade will solve its ADP-T deficiencies and provide access to
supporting organization information in a more timely and suitable
manner. These plans include wide spread access to AIRES and (via COINS)
other data bases of interest; doubling of the number of remote inter-
active stations (CRT) for their internal user to access, maintain, and
monitor information in the PACER data base; and electrical transmission
of appropriate information within and external to SAC to drastically
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minimize magnetic-tape interchange, double entry for requirements
processing and timely receipt of ephemeral data and National
Collection/Exploitation Requirements and Results. They would very much
like to have a CAMS terminal, if only in read/query mode. And with the
current AIRES capability, their request seems reasonable.
6. Future
We discussed soft-copy exploitation and DDS in some detail.
While some present equipment (hardware) and SAC internal imagery
distribution delays were evident at this time, none of which seem
mission limiting or without remedy, there seemed to be consensus that
the quality of the imagery from the DDS was acceptable to SAC IA
requirements. Most photo-interpreters indicated a non quantifiable
reduction in NIIRS, though a few believed that the reduction in quality
was nearly one (1), particularly with lower quality imagery of greater
obliquity. Soft-Copy is not yet an issue. We were informed that SAC
had opted to go with the IDEX system and watch progression in this area.
Compass Preview will continue as a low-level R&D activity at SAC, but
there is no intent to retain this system at SAC and integrate it into
either PACER or a follow-on system as operational/production equipment
supporting the imagery exploitation mission. SAC supports soft-copy
equipment as useful to the substantive intelligence gain, yet clearly
recognizes that the current costs of such equipment is excessive to that
which can be justified in support of their present mission and function.
Large numbers of soft-copy, high quality imagery display stations seems
'present manual procedures seem adequate to their needs. Finally, some
discussion concerning CATIS occurred with some PI's. Few seemed aware
of this system. Nor does CA'IS (S) seem an alternative in consideration
of the present close working relationship of the PI's, all-source
analysts, and collection managers. The access need to much of each
others information and the PHOTINT/ELINT integration, achieved thought
the PACER network data base structure currently operational makes them
think large scale ADP. The CATIS system (or some "n" number of same)
could service the PI support activities of PACER or this function
currently planned for IDHS-80. But it is unlikely that the resource
costs of IDHS-80 would be appreciably reduced in light of a decision of
this nature. In conclusion, SAC has elected to remain a substantially
large-scale centralized ADP enviroment for the decade of the 80's,
SAC admitted to minimal interest on requirements for precise
mensuration except for a azimuth, coordinates and direction. Their
well down on the priority list of "things-to-do" at SAC.
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They will await the demonstration by some other organization of the
first major installation of what is now under serious examination as a
large-scale alternative, distributed computing and distributed data
bases. They access and use the data of others but do not depend on this
data to support their mission. SAC is not eager to provide external
interactive access to the data which they maintain, but they frequently
provide data to others in magnetic-tane form and t tandard
electrical message formats.
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 ATTACHMENT 1
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1. Cross Reference
a. Node Name: Strategic Air Command (SAC)
b. Offutt Complex Participants:
(1) Headquarters, Strategic Air Command (SAC)
(2) 544 Strategic Intelligence Wing (SIW)
c. ADP Systems
(1) Program-Assisted Console Evaluation and Review
(PACER) System (Dual HIS 6080)
(2) System 70 (IBM 360/85)
(3) Operational Intelligence Support System (OISS)
(5. AN/GYQ-21(V)s)
(4) Intelligence Data Handling System (IDHS) - 80
d. Telecommunication Systems
(1) AUTODIN
(2) Intelligence Data Handling System Communications -
II (IDHSC-II)
(3) Special Purpose Communication Link (SPCL)
(4) Defense Dissemination System (DDS)
e. Incoming Data Bases
(1) Intelligence Reconnaissance Objectives File (IROF)
(2) Automated Intelligence Installation File (AIF)
f. Outgoing Data Bases
(1) IROF Updates
(2) Delegated Production Updates
g. Point of Contact: SAC DCS/Intelligence, Directorate of
Plans, Automation Division, INXA, AV 271-6170, Major F. Williams.
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2. Objectives:
a. The Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan includes the
following mission objectives for the participants at this
node.
(1) Force Posturing: Protection of SAC forces.
(2) Military Capabilities Planning: Development of
the Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP), Limited Nuclear
Options (LNO) and contingency plans.
(3) Force Structure Planning: Definition of future
force requirements.
b. Offutt Complex Intelligence functions supporting above
mission objectives span the entire intelligence cycle. Those
functions related to imagery intelligence include:
(1)
Collection
(a)
(b)
Requirements Management
Collection Accountability
(2)
Exploitation
(a) Exploitation Management
1 Requirements Management
2 Exploitation Tasking
3 Exploitation Accountability
(b) Exploitation Operations
1 Imagery Interpretation
2 Dissemination of Interpretation Results
3 Mensuration Support
3.
(3) Production
Program Participants
a. HQ SAC participating elements include:
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(1) Deputy Chief of Staff (DCS), Intelligence manages
SAC intelligence functions, including imagery-related activities.
(2) DCS/Data Systems manages, operates and programs
computer systems handling intelligence information at the
Offutt Complex.
b. 544 SIW exploits raw intelligence, analyzes all
available sources of intelligence and produces imagery exploi-
tation reports and finished intelligence for the Offutt Complex
and selected worldwide consumers. The Special Security Office
Communications Center operates the OISS communications subsystem.
4. Data Flow: Imagery data flow is graphically represented
by the Imagery Data Flow Diagrams at Atch 1. The text will
follow the diagram from left to right and from top to bottom.
a. Source nodes representi 25
providing raw imagery and associated ep emeris a a to e
Offutt Complex.
b. Inputs:
(1) System A provides daily inputs. Raw imagery is
provided. electrically and/or arrives by-courier. Preliminary
Exploitation (PE)/Current Exploitation (CE) reports and Exploi-
tation Support Data (ESD) are electrically transmitted to the
Offutt Complex via SPCL.
(2) System B and C provide inputs as available. Raw
imagery (film) arrives by courier. Ephemeris is received by
SPCL.
c. Collateral/Reference Data. The following sources/
products facilitate Offutt Complex imagery - related data
handling functions:
(1) DIA
(a) IROF
(b) AI F
(c) Installation/Order of Battle files via
Community On-line Intelligence System (COINS) through IDHSC-II.
(d) National Basic Reference Graphic (NBRG)
(e) Automated Tactical Target Graphics (ATTG)
(produced by field commands)
(2) NPIC
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IDHSC-II.
(b) Immediate Photo Interpretation Report (IPIR),
Supplemental PIR (SUPIR) and Multi-mission PIR (MIPIR).
(c) Highlight Cables.
(3) Imagery-derived products from worldwide agencies
such as: DIA, 497 RTG, 548 RTG, 9 RTS, and FICEURLANT which
may include:
(a) IPIR
(b) SUPIR
(c) MIPIR
(d) Periodic Summaries
(e) Basic Imagery Interpretation Briefs and
Reports (BIIB & BIIR).
(f) Direct Support Imagery Interpretation Briefs
and Reports (DSIIB $ DSIIR).
(4) Imagery-related intelligence requirements generated
by Offutt Complex agencies.
d. SAC Imagery Data Handling Functions (Discussion of
functions will follow order of paragraph 2b. above):
(1) Imagery collection requirements management
begins with identification of requirement by SAC Intelligence
or 544 SIW to the SAC collection manager (INCR). Validated
requirements are then entered into the SAC IROL.
(a) If time-sensitive need, Ad Hoc requirement
submitted to DIA/CCF.
(b) If continuing need, submitted as new
standing requirement to DIA/DC-5.
(c) Offutt Complex requirement status returned
from DIA via IROF tape.
(2) Imagery collection accountability is determined
by continuously comparing SAC requirements data with imagery
exploitation results (to be discussed later) to determine
requirement satisfaction.
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(3) Exploitation requirements management begins
with correlation of ephemeris data with SAC IROF exploita-
tion requirements to determine which SAC objectives have been
imaged.
(4) Pre-loading and category summary reports are
produced to assist exploitation managers in the assignment of
imagery interpretation tasks by section. Outstanding require-
ments are queued for presentation to the appropriate imagery
interpreter on a terminal format.
(5) Exploitation accountability is determined by
comparing exploitation requirements with imagery interpreta-
tion results (to be discussed below).
(6) Imagery interpretation begins with notice of
film arrival and interpreter review of exploitation responsi-
bility.
(a) Interpreter reviews his tasked installations
at his PACER terminal, noting those due a report.
(b) Known descriptions of the installations
and Essential Elements of-Information (EEI) are reviewed.
PACER-stored descriptions, from DIA AIF and previous interpre-
tation results, including PE/CE reports, are reviewed.
(c) The interpreter may also review hard copy
installation data, contained in IPIR, SUPIR and MIPIR from
various sources, or from BIIB or BIIR. For ground force
related installations, NBRGs/ATTGs are reviewed and referenced
in PI reports per DIAM 57-5.
(d) COINS files may be queried, via OISS ter-
minal, for various data such as additional imagery interpre-
tation reports and installation data.
(e) After reviewing all known data, the interpre-
ter views image on film and enters appropriate data into a
preformatted PACER screen display.
(f) For any installation not requiring a report
the interpreter reviews the imagery and normally creates a
report if status changes are noted. Otherwise the installation
is indexed, providing record of coverage.
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(g) For airfields, an "R-95"'annotated graphic
is prepared for JSTPS target development. This report assists
weapon allocation/damage assessment efforts.
(h) On a weekly basis, all locally created
interpretation reports are consolidated into a hard copy
"Dry MIPIR". The Dry MIPIR is. used by exploitation managers
to prepare final MIPIR for dissemination.
(7) Final MIPIRs are produced and disseminated to
selected worldwide consumers through AUTODIN transmission,
hard copy, or courier tape. Consumers include DIA, 497RTG,
548RTG, 9SRW, FTD and USEUCOM.
(8) Production interpretation reports are also used
as sources for the following finished intelligence:
(a) Items of current intelligence interest
for briefing to SAC Staff.
(b) Direct Support Imagery Interpretation
Briefs (DSIIB) and Reports (DSIIR) for SAC and worldwide
consumers.
(c) Delegated Production updates for SAC areas
of responsibility, including Air and Missile Orders of Battle
(OB). Updates are transmitted weekly: AIF data via AUTODIN
and OB data via IDHSC-II. OB and airfield changes may also
affect updates to the National Target Base and the Consoli-
dated Air Defense Order of Battle, which are used in Single
Integrated Operational Plan development.
(d) Special reports may be sent to various
worldwide consumers describing new substantive intelligence
based on interpretation results.
e. Imagery data flow outputs and receiving nodes are
summarized as follows:
(1) Special reports of new substantive intelligence
resulting from imagery interpretation efforts are disseminated,
as available, to various worldwide consumers as AUTODIN
messages.
(2) Imagery collection requirements are submitted
to DIA in DD Form 1684 format.
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(a) Ad hoc requirements are submitted as
required by AUTODIN message.
(b) Standing requirements are forwarded weekly
by AUTODIN.
(3) Direct Support Imagery Interpretation Reports
and Briefs, (DSIIB) and DSIIR) are disseminated as hard copy
products to selected worldwide consumers.
(4) Multimission Photo Interpretation Report (MIPIR)
disseminated weekly. via electrical transmission, hard copy,
or magnetic tape to selected worldwide consumers.
5. Products are discussed in previous Data Flow section.
6. Timelines are discussed in Data Flow section.
7. ADP-T Support Utilized:
a. ADP Support is presented in the table at Atch 2.
b. Telecommunication Support is outlined in table at
Atch 3.
8. Future Imagery Data Flow (through 1985):
a. Current planning anticipates performance of same
functions in future as listed in paragraph 2b.
b. Major difference in future data flow is increased use
of ADP and telecommunications.
(1) All ephemeris data to be electrically transmitted.
(2) Most internal Offutt Complex data to be reviewed
at computer terminal.
(3) Most products to be disseminated electrically by
message or bulk data. Maximum use of AUTODIN II. Maximum
information resource and analysis tools will be integrated
into a single work station.
(4) PACER and System 70 to be replaced by IDHS-80.
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ADP 'SUPPORT
FUNCTION
Collection Requirements Management
Collection Accountability
Exploitation Requirements Management
Exploitation Tasking
Exploitation Accountability
Imagery Interpretation
Dissemination of Interpretation
Results
SUBSYSTEM HOST COMPUTER
Collection Management PACER/System 70
Photo Interpretation (PI) PACER
PI PACER
PACER
PACER
PACER
PI PACER/System 70
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Atch 2
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TELECOMMUNICATION SUPPORT
FUNCTION
COMM SYSTEM
Collection Requirements Management AUTODIN
Collection Accountability Mailed Tape
Exploitation Requirements Management Mailed Tape
Exploitation Tasking Internal
Exploitation Accountability Internal
Imagery Interpretation Internal
Dissemination of Interpretation Results AUTODIN/Courier Tape
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Atch 3
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7n. PACER
a. Cross Reference
(1) Collection Management Subsystem
(2) SAC/ADOIO - automation
(3) SAC/INCR - User
(4) ADP System Utilization
2% of all On-line activity
5% of Production (batch) processing
8% of Data Base
(5) Telecommunication System Utilization
- Secure Phone (to DIA/CCF)
- Autodin
- IDHSC-II (Soon)
(6,$7)Product, Support Data Base
All source,.Integrated PACER data base
(8) Capt Valusek, Hq SAC/INXA, Offutt AFB, Ne 68113
Auto 271-2515/6170
b. $eo data flow slides
c. ADP Functional Justification
SAC must perform imagery collection management
in order to provide Intelligence input to production of
t-he=Nattional, Target- Base and Consolidated- Air-Defense
Order of Battle for military capabilities planning,
including STOP development, contingency planning and
limited Nuclear Option Planning. Military capabilities
planning, and ADP support, thereto, is specifically tasked
to SAC by the JCS via the Joint Strategic `Capab'ilities ''Plan.
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 ?7. n. PACER
a. Cross Reference
(1) Photo Interpretation Subsystem
(2) SAC/ADOIO - Automation
(3) 544/IEP - User
(4) ADP System Utilization
- 55% of all On-line activity
- 20% Production (batch) processing
- 40% Data Base
(5) Telecommunication System Utilization (thru OISS)
-Special Purpose Communication Line (SPCL)
- Autodin (Soon)
- IDHSC- I I (Soon)
(6,7) Product Data Bases
- All source, integrated PACER data base
(8) Capt Valusle, Hq SAC/INXA, Offutt AFB, NE 68113
Auto 211-2515/6170
b. See data flow slides
c. ADM? Functional Justification
This subsystem is one of six that are completely
interdependent. This subsystem and the ELINT processing
za -,
subsystem represent the --first step of ata`"floK that
transform raw intelligence data into finished targeting
and order of battle information. The entire system produces
the intelligence input for the nation's war plan and is
vitally dependent on the interactivity of the six subsystems
~,
to process the volumes of dat input to the system. War
'
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planning, and~pecifically, ADP Support tWeto, is tasked
to SAC'by JCS Via Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan (SSCP).
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UNCLASSIFIED._,
ELINT
PHOTINT
HUMINT
COMINT
PACER
WAR PLANS'
MIPIR
EOB VOL 1
DELEGATED PRODUCTION
MOB/AOB
UNCLASSIFIED -
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UNCLASSIFIED
PHOTO INTERPRETATION SUBSYSTEM
FUNCTIONAL USERS
UNCLASSIFIED
2PI NISTOIY
MIPIR
OP 0
SUPPORT J
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UNCLASSIFIED
COLLECTION MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM
FUNCTIONAL USER
TASKING'
QUALITY.
.CONTROL
REPORTS
1-COLLECTION MCR
PACER
DATA BASE
DATA BASE
PHOTO
DISSEM
QUEUE
FUNCTIONAL USERS
UNCLASSIFIED
WEEKLY
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DIA
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PACER DATA BASE - arsTw
I PI - S L I AIOY0INT