SA-10 SAM DEPLOYMENT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83T00574R000103050001-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 22
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 2, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 1, 1982
• Content Type: REPORT

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WNINTEL
Z-v,663682
RCCA-04/000/82
[DECEMBER 1988
copy 2 4
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SA-10 SAM DEPLOYMENT (S)
ABSTRACT
1. (S/WN) This report provides a brief background on the Soviet SA-10 SAM system and updates
information on modifications to system components, status of deployment, and expansion of troop
training facilities.
2. (S/WN) A mobile version of the SA-10 launcher, the FLAP LID (SH-EL-02) radar, and a modified
BIG BIRD (SH-EL-03) radar are under development at Sary-Shagan Missile Test Center; two new SA-10
launch sites, which will provide facilities for additional SA-10 troop training, are under construction at
Kapustin Yar SAM Firing Range; SA-10 deployment or construction activity has been identified at 54 sites
in eight areas of the USSR; and the recent deployment of up to 12 launchers per site at Moscow,
Nikolayev, and Novosibirsk will increase the firepower of individual sites, but may slow the rate at which
SA-10 units are deployed to new areas.
INTRODUCTION
3. (S/WN) The SA-10 is the newest Soviet strategic SAM system. The major SA-10 system compo-
nents currently being deployed include a canister-launched missile, a towed launcher designed to hold
four missile canisters, a CLAM SHELL (SH-EL-01) low-altitude target acquisition radar, a FLAP LID target
engagement radar, and a BIG BIRD long-range acquisition radar. All SA-10 components are road trans-
portable and are designed for greater mobility than earlier SAM systems. Fifty-four SA-10 SAM sites
(Table 1) have been identified in eight areas of the USSR (Figure 1).
4. (S/WN) The SA-10 missile stem was developed at Sary-Shagan Missile Test Center (MTC)
Launch Complex G swhere SA-10 components were first identified in 1973. By 1975,
missile flight tests were underway. Troop training began in 1979 at Sary-Shagan MTC Launch Complex E
and by late 1980, SA-10 troop training was in progress at Kapustin Yar SAM Firing Range
Deployment of the SA-10 was first identified in the firing area at four Moscow SA-1 sites
5. (S/WN) In early 1981, an SA-10 transporter-erector-launcher (TEL) and a mobile version of the
FLAP LID radar were observed for the first time at Launch Complex G in the MTC (Figure 2). Although
this equipment has not yet been deployed, it demonstrates a Soviet commitment to further improve the
mobility of the SA-10 system.
in July 1980.
t~l Willie S WF U EN
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77
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X SEVERODVINSK
MOSCOW
NIKOLAYEV
KALININGRAD NL"NN
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KUYBYSHEV
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SVERDLOVSK
KAPUSTIN YAR
CHINA ~?
MONGOLIA
CHINA ?~ ? SA-10 DEPLOYMENT AREA
? SA-10 TROOP TRAINING AREA
WNINTEL
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NOVOSIBIRSK
25X1
25X1
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BASIC DESCRIPTION
6. (S/WN) The SA-10 is a single-stage, canister-launched missile. Although the missile itself has not
it is believed to be about Ion and in diameter, based on the size
been observed
,
constraints of the missile canister. The SA-10 canister is long and0 in diameter. The 25X ~
upper 0 of the canister are removable, which probably facilitates the missile-loading process. 25X1
The exterior of the canister is marked by ten raised bands that provide structural support. It has been
postulated that the missile employs an onboard track-via-missile guidance system. This system allows a
continuous exchange of targeting data between the missile's seeker, the ground-based guidance comput-
er, and the engagement radar.' The SA-10 missile is manufactured at Leningrad Guided Missile Produc-
tion Plant 458 where series production has been underway since June 1980.2 25X1
7. (S/WN) The two versions of the SA-10 launcher are a towed version, which is currently being
deployed; and a mobile version, which is undergoing testing at the MTC. The towed SA-10 launcher
(Figure 3A) is a twin-axle semitrailer, that can transport and launch up to four SA-10
missiles.3 The launcher contains two pivoting support beams, one with a rectangular hitch plate, that join
at the forward end when in the travel mode.In the launch mode, the beams are open, and a stabilizing
jack under each beam extends to the ground. A probable hydraulic erecting mechanism is in the center
of the launcher and attaches to the canister rack. The erecting mechanism is used to raise the SA-10
canisters to the vertical position for launch. The towed SA-10 launcher is manufactured at the Gorkiy
Armaments Plant Novoye Sormovo Stalin 92 where series production has been underway
since August 1977.4
8. (S/WN) The mobile version of the SA-10 launcher (Figure 3B) is a TEL that
consists of a MAZ-543 self-propelled chassis to which a hydraulic canister-erecting mechanism has been
added. A boxlike device, which may be a power generator, is mounted behind the cab.
The SA-10 TEL is believed to be capable of functioning both as a launcher and as a resupply transporter.
The production facility for this vehicle has not been identified.
9. (S/WN) The transportable electronics tower (TET) is the largest component associated with the
SA-10 system. The TET, an erectable platform used to elevate the CLAM SHELL radar, can also function as
an optional platform for the FLAP LID radar. The TET is mounted on a dual-axle semitrailer that is towed
by the MAZ-537 prime mover. The tower is 1 meter in diameter and approximately 20 meters high when
fully erect on its chassis. The tower is erected hydraulically by a large piston near its base. Two telescop-
ing stabilizer arms, which probably assist in erection, are attached between the tower and the chassis.
25X1
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Table 1.
Status of SA-10 SAM Sites, USSR
This table in its entirety is classified SECRET/WNINTEL
Installation
Geographic
Coordinates
BE No
Type of
Site
Const
First Iden
SA-lo Equip SA-to Equip
First Seen Currently Deployed" Remarks
Installation
Geographic
Coordinates
BE No
Type of
Site
Const
First Iden
SA-lo Equip SA-1o Equip
First Seen Currently Deployed" Remarks
Kaliningrad SAM Site 54-44-42N
Scratch built
6 L. 1 CS, 1 FL
Moskva SAM Site 56-O7.5ON
Collocated with
-
628-10 020-04-10E
2 TETs
E31-10 036.29.38E
SA?1 site
Kaliningrad SAM Site 54-52.20N
Scratch built
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, Addl site
Moskva SAM Site 56-15-24N
Scratch built
-
B32-10 020-11-OOE
2 TETs constr will
E32-10 036.29-40E
allow deployment
Moskva SAM Site 58-21.23N
Reconfigured from
-
of extra SA-10
E33-10 036-45-54E
SA-3 site
launchers
Moskva SAM Site 56.24-3ON
Collocated with
-
Kaliningrad SAM Site 54-28-50N
Reconfigured
6 L. 1 CS, 1 FL,
E34-10 037-00-20E
SA?1 site
C24-10 019-54-56E
from SA-3 site
2 TETs
Moskva SAM Site 56.26-36N
Collocated with
-
Kaliningrad SAM Site 54-35-58N
Reconfigured
6 L. 1 CS, 1 FL.
E35-10 037-12-01E
SA -1 site
C26-1O 019-50-56E
from SA-2 site
2 TETs
Moskva SAM Site 56.29.23N
Collocated with
-
Keliningrad SAM Site 54-52.24N
Reconfigured
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
E36-10 0372825E
SA?1 site
C30-10 019-57-11 E
from SA-3 site
2 TETs
Nikolayev SAM Site 46-57-33N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, FL on mound
Kuybyshev SAM Site 53.17-54N
Reconfigured
- Slow rate of
A09-10 032-07.29E
SA-3 site
1 TET
B07-10 050.34-07E
from SA-2 site
const
Nikolayev SAM Site 46-54-05N
Reconfigured from
9 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, Site being upgraded
Kuybyshev SAM Site 53.20-44N
Reconfigured
- Slow rate of
Al5-10 032-03-l 6E
SA-3 site
2 TET5 to contain 12 SA-10
C29-10 049.25-01 E
from SA-2 site
const
launchers
Moskva SAM Site 55.55.13N
Small clearing in
None SA-10 equip
Nikolayev SAM Site 46-51-48N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
C07-10 038.19.31 E
SA-1 firing area
removed by
A21.10 031-55.16E
SA-3 site
2 TETs
Nikolayev SAM Site 46-55-30N
Reconfigured from
9 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, Site being upgraded
Moskva SAM Site 55-47.55N
Small clearing in
B L, 1 CS, 1 FL, BIG BIRD on top of
A25-10 031-53-54E
SA-3 site
2 TETs to contain 12 SA-10
C09-10 038.21.25E
SA?l firing area
2 TETs YO YO radar bunker
launchers
Moskva SAM Site 55-40-37N
Small clearing in
None SA-10 equip
Nikolayev SAM Site 47-01-29N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
C10-10 038.20.34E
SA?l firing area
removed by
A33.10 031-55-56E
SA-3 site
2 TETs
Novosibirsk SAM 55-15-59N
Reconfigured from
12 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, First site to receive
Moskva SAM Site 55.32-45N
Small clearing in
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
Site 801.10 082-58-43E
SA?2 site
2 TETs 12 SA-10 launchers
C12-10 03821.35E
SA?1 firing area
2 TETs
Novosibirsk SAM 55-0425N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
Moskva SAM Site 56-28-58N
Collocated with
- Ucon around YO YO
Site 808.10 063-16-42E
SA-2 site
2 TETs
E01.10 037-41.55E
SA-1 site
radar bunker
Novosibirsk SAM 54-51-38N
Scratch built
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
Moskva SAM Site 5631-55N
Reconfigured from
-
Site B20.10 082-49.29E
2 TET5
E02.10 037-59-37E
SA-3 site
Novosibirsk SAM 55-02-48N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, SA?10 equip not
Moskva SAM Site 5622-05N
Scratch built
-
Site B28.10 082-36-50E
SA-2 site
2 TETs deployed in prepared
E03.10 038.17-30E
revetments
Moskva SAM Site 56.20.25N
Collocated with
-
Riga SAM Site 56-5421 N
Scratch built
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
E04.10 03823.21E
SA?1 site
A24.10 023-56-19E
2TETs
Moskva SAM Site 56.13-40N
Collocated with
- Ucon around YO YO
Riga SAM Site 51-01-45N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, FL on mound
E05.10 038-32.12E
SA-1 site
radar bunker
A32.10 023.59-24E
SA-3 site
1 TET
Moskva SAM Site 56-07-24N
Collocated with
-
Riga SAM Site 57-06-09N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
E06.10 03842-52E
SA-1 site
B03-10 024.14-23E
SA?2 site
2 TETs
Moskva SAM Site 55-05-25N
Collocated with
-
Riga SAM Site 57.01-02N
Reconfigured from
-
E16-10 038.10-31E
SA-1 site
C28-l0 023.30-20E
SA-3 site
Moskva SAM Site 55.02.50N
Collocated with
-
Jelgava (Riga) SAM 56-44-56N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
E17-10 037-5546E
SA?l site
Site A03-10 023-49-36E
SA-2 site
2 TET5
Moskva SAM Site 55-09.35N
Collocated with
12 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, Const at YO YO radar
Severodvinsk SAM 64.36-50N
Scratch built
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
E22.10 036-52.10E
SA-1 site
2 TET5 bunker, YO YO
Site A02-10 039-49-30E
2 TETs
radars removed
Severodvinsk SAM 64-31-53N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, Two dummy SA-10
Moskva SAM Site 55.14-26N
Collocated with
12 L, 1 CS, 1 FL BIG BIRD on top of
Site Al 2-10 040-08-24E
SA-3 site
2 TETs launchers at edge
E23-10 036-38-07E
SA-1 site
2 TET5 YO YO radar bunker
of site
Moskva SAM Site 55-20-57N
Reconfigured from
12 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
Severodvinsk SAM 6429-45N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
E24-10 036.27.28E
SA-3 site
2 TET5
Site A24-10 039.38-50E
SA-3 site
2 TET5
Moskva SAM Site 55.27-53N
Collocated with
-
Severodvinsk SAM 64.38-45N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL, Two dummy SA-10
E25-10 036.24-36E
SA-1 site
Site A36-10 039-49-49E
SA-2 site
2 TETs launchers at site
Moskva SAM Site 55-36-45N
Collocated with
- BIG BIRD on top of
Severodvinsk SAM 64-35-15N
Reconfigured from
6 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
E26.10 036-19.13E
SA-1 site
YO YO radar bunker
Site 828-10 039.24-54E
SA-2 site
2 TETs
Moskva SAM Site 55-44-25N
Collocated with
12 L, 1 CS, 1 FL,
Severodvinsk SAM 64.38.58N
Reconfigured from
6 L, i CS, 1 FL, Dummy equip
E27-10 036-16-06E
SA-1 site
2 TETs
Site A01-03 039-50-41E
SA-3 site
2 TETs
Moskva SAM Site 55-52-55N
Scratch built
-
(dummy sitel
E28-10 036-13-30E
Sverdlovsk SAM 57.01.15N
Reconfigured from
-
Moskva SAM Site 56-01-19N
Reconfigured from
-
Site B05-10 060.53-45E
SA-2 site
E29-10 036.19-31 E
SA-3 site
Sverdlovsk SAM 56-43-47N
Reconfigured from
-
Site 813-10 060.56-33E
SA-2 site
L-SA-l0 Iauncher(s(; CS-CLAM SHELL, FL-FLAP LID
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Additional support is provided by twol loutrigger beams that fold out from the base of the 25X1
tower. Guy wires, suspended between the outrigger beams and the stabilizer arms, also provide support
for the tower. The production facility for the TET has not been identified.
10., (S/WN) The CLAM SHELL is the low-altitude target acquisition radar for the SA-10 system (Figure
4A). It was first identified at Sary-Shagan Probable Electronics Test Facility 25X1
The CLAM SHELL has two curved, vertically mounted reflectors that are separated by a radar frequency
shield. The reflectors are mounted on a transceiver box that also functions as a counterweight. The fully
extended antenna elements are high and wide. When operational, the CLAM SHELL 25X1
radar is mounted on the TET and rotates 360 degrees. By elevating the radar, its range is increased, and
the amount of ground clutter and interference is decreased. When in transit, the CLAM SHELL radar is
carried on the same transporter as the SA-10 canisters. Upon arrival at a site, the transporter is parked
perpendicularly to the lowered TET. The folded radar is then rotated 90 degrees for alignment with and
attachment to the TET. The production facility for the radar has not been identified.
11. (S/WN) The FLAP LID is the target engagement radar for the SA-10 system. It was first observed
at Launch Complex G in the MTC on The radar has a boxlike body, 25X1
meters wide, and about high. A planar aperture screen, long an wide, is 25X1
mounted on top of the body and hinged at the forward end. Two small hydraulic pistons are used to raise
the screen. The radar is space fed from one or two rear-mounted feed structures.
12. (S/WN) Like the SA-10 launcher, the FLAP LID radar is configured in two versions-a towed
model, which is usually mounted on a TET when deployed (Figure 4B); and a mobile version (Figure 4C),
which has been under development at Launch Complex G in the MTC since early 1981. The only visible
difference between the towed and mobile versions of the radar is the number of feed structures. The
mobile radar has only one feed structure, while the towed version may have either one or two. The
towed radar was originally seen with two feed structures. However, in mid-1981, towed FLAP LID radars
with one feed were identified at the MTC and at Kapustin Yar SAM Firing Range and have recently been
seen at deployed SA-10 sites. The mobile FLAP LID is mounted on a self-propelled MAZ-type vehicle,
between the cab and a large, probable electronics box. When operational, the radar is usually perpendic-
ular to the rest of the vehicle. In the travel mode, the radar screen is folded down and aligned lengthwise
with the vehicle. Although use of a TET is optional for the FLAP LID, it can probably be removed from the
MAZ-type vehicle and mounted on a TET. The FLAP LID radar is manufactured at Gorkiy Plant 92, where
series production was underway by 25X1
13. (S/WN) The BIG BIRD is the long-range target acquisition radar for the SA-10 system (Figure
4D). It was first observed at Sary-Shagan Probable Electronics Test Facility on but was 25X1
not associated with the SA-10 system until The BIG BIRD radar consists of two planar 25X1
arrays mounted back to back on the top of a computer van. A feed structure for each arra i attached to
a framework that joins to the top of the radar screen. Each array ishigh and wide; 25X1
the upper corners are clipped at a 45-degree angle. When operational, the radar rotates 360 degrees in
azimuth. A CATS EYE-type antenna is probably used to relay targeting information to nearby SA-10 sites.
14. (S/WN) Efforts to improve the mobility of the BIG BIRD radar are underway. On 25X1
a trailer-mounted BIG BIRD radar was identified at the Sary Shagan Probable Electronics Test 25X1
Facility. The radar appeared to be mounted on a flatbed trailer and towed by a MAZ-type, prime mover.
The trailer-mounted radar screen was lower than the currently deployed van-mounted version 25X1
(Figure 5). Also, two probable electronics boxes, each were behind the screen 25X1
and may have been mounted on the same trailer as the radar. 25X1
25X1
15. (S/WN) One BIG BIRD radar serves several SA-10 sites and is set up in a location which is central
to the sites, such as at an air warning radar facility or a SAM support facility. Deployed in this way, the
radar can provide advanced targeting data to four or five SA-10 sites.
16. (S/WN) The SA-10 transporter is a dual-axle trailer that can transport up to four SA-10 missile
canisters or one CLAM SHELL radar. The transporter, utilizes the MAZ-938 longbed 25X1
chassis and is towed by the KRAZ-258 prime mover. The transporter is manufactured at Gorkiy Plant 92
and at Orel Road Machinery and Missile Support Equipment Plant Between three and six 25X1
transporters are at each SA-10 site.
17. (S/WN) A mobile crane that is used to transfer SA-10 missile canisters from the transporter to
the launcher is also at each SA-10 site.
18. (S/WN) Eight chamfer-roofed electronics vans are deployed at each site. Two are used with the
CLAM SHELL radar, four are connected to the FLAP LID radar, and two are connected to the launchers.
The vans arelong,Owide, and high. A smaller van, long and El 25X1
meters wide, is also at each SA-10 site and is connected to the FLAP LID radar.
19. (S/WN) -A probable electric power generator is also associated with the SA-10 system and has
been seen connected to SA-10 electronics vans at Launch Complex G in the MTC and in the SA-10
storage yard at Kapustin Yar Marshalling Area . The generator isF-----] long byn 25X1
meters wide and has corners clipped at a 30-degree angle.
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A B
A B
CLAM SHELL RADAR AND TET
C
MOBILE FLAP LID RADAR
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20. (S/WN) A possible communications antenna, similar to a discone, is adjacent to SA-10 sites near
Kaliningrad, Nikolayev, Novosibirsk, and Riga. The antenna is mounted on top of a 20-meter-high mast
that is adjacent to a van. The van and antenna are outside the sites, approximately 150 25X1
meters from the central guidance area.
SA-10 Site Construction and Deployment
21. (S/WN) The SA-10 is currently deployed for point defense near eight Soviet military/industrial
centers (Figure 1 and Table 1). Fifty-four deployed SA-10 sites have been identified in various stages of
construction since May 1980. Twenty-seven of the sites are SA-2 and SA-3 sites that have been reconfig-
ured to support the SA-10, 19 sites are collocated with SA-1 sites around Moscow, and eight sites have
been built from scratch. One dummy site has also been identified.
22. (S/WN) When SA-2 and SA-3 sites are converted to operational SA-10 sites, the reconfiguration
process begins with the removal of the SA-2 or SA-3 missile launchers and the razing of the revetments.
New, larger revetments are then constructed for the SA-10 launchers, radars, and support equipment.
During reconfiguration, the original SAM equipment usually remains nearby and operational and is not
removed until the SA-10 equipment is fully deployed. Arch-roofed bunkers that house the SA-10 elec-
tronics vehicles and provide shelter for site personnel have been constructed at Kuybyshev, Moscow,
Novosibirsk, and Severodvinsk.
23. (S/WN) SA-10 deployment at the Moscow SA-1 sites has not resulted in the complete reconfigu-
ration seen at SA-2 and SA-3 sites. The collocated SA-10 site occupies only a small portion of the SA-1 site,
thus allowing both systems to remain operational. However, SA-10-related construction activity, either for
BIG BIRD radars or an SA-10 site, at Moscow SA-1 SAM sites E22-01, E23-01, and E26-01, has resulted in the
deactivation of the YO YO guidance radars at these sites. At sites E22-01 and E23-01, the YO YO radars
have been dismantled, their guidance plates have been earth covered, and a triple-arch-roofed addition
has been built onto the front of each YO YO bunker (Figure 6). Construction in the YO YO radar area of
site E26-01 has also resulted in the removal of the YO YO radar but without a triple-arch-roofed addition
to the bunker. This may be the first step toward the deactivation of the SA-1 system. Although the SA-1
missiles and launch stands are still present, the removal of the guidance radars has rendered these sites
inoperative.
24. (S/WN) Of the eight SA-10 sites that have been built from scratch, three are adjacent to SAM
support facilities and five are on points of high elevation in respect to the surrounding terrain.
25. (S/WN) The type of launch revetment constructed at an SA-10 site determines the number of
launchers it can support. Five types of SA-10 revetments have been identified: a small, U-shaped revet-
ment capable of supporting one SA-10 launcher; a trapezoidal revetment that can contain two SA-10
launchers; a rectangular revetment that can contain three SA-10 launchers; a larger trapezoidal revet-
ment that can contain three SA-10 launchers; and a dual, rectangular revetment that can contain six SA-
10 launchers. The last two types of revetments have been seen only around Moscow. Since the number of
revetments at each site varies, the number of SA-10 launchers a site can support also varies. A recent
trend toward increasing the number of SA-10 launchers from six to 12 per site has been observed. During
mid-1981, calibration of the SA-10 launchers in groups of 12 began at Kapustin Yar Marshalling Area.
Shortly after this increased calibration activity was identified, construction of new SA-10 sites with space
for 12 launchers each began around Moscow. Since SA-10 equipment appears to be calibrated as a unit,
the deployment of 12-launcher SA-10 sites will probably continue.
Regional SA-10 Deployment
Kaliningrad
26. (S/WN) SA-10 deployment near Kaliningrad was first identified in September 1981; five sites are
deployed along the Gulf of Danzig, between 28 and 45 kilometers (km) west of Kaliningrad (Figure 7).
Three sites are reconfigured SA-2 or SA-3 sites, and two sites are scratch built. Four sites contain three
rectangular launch revetments each (inset, Figure 7), and the fifth site contains three trapezoidal launch
revetments. All the sites are equipped with six SA-10 launchers; however, the installation of extra hard
points at site B32-10 indicates that additional SA-10 launchers will be deployed. The BIG BIRD radar
serving the five sites is at Baltiysk Air Warning Radar Facility TALL KING
Kuybyshev
27. (S/WN) SA-10 activity was first identified around Kuybyshev in September 1981. Two SA-2 sites,
one 25 km east and one 50 km west of the downtown area of Kuybyshev, are slowly being modified for
the SA-10 (Figure 8). At both sites, the SA-2 equipment has been rearranged; large, U-shaped launch
revetments are being graded; and arch-roofed bunkers are under construction (inset, Figure 8). The slow
rate of construction may be caused by a higher priority effort at Moscow. The new round of Moscow SA-
10 construction coincided with the start of SA-10 construction at Kuybyshev. SA-10 equipment has not
been identified at Kuybyshev.
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GULF OF
DANZIG
54?
45'
1
20,1
1
20?30'
54?
30*
FIGURE 7. SA-10 SAM SITES AND BIG BIRD RADAR NEAR KALININGRAD. Inset shows Kaliningrad SAM Site C24-10,
which is. typical of four of the five sites around Kaliningrad.
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28. (S/WN) Twenty-six SA-10 sites are deployed around Moscow, which was the initial SA-10 de-
ployment area (Figure 9). SA-10 equipment was first identified at four Moscow SA-1 sites on
These sites-C07-10, C09-10, C10-10, and C12-10-are approximately 45 km east of Moscow. Although SA-
10 equipment was present for two years, no SA-10 site construction has taken place within the SA-1 area
of these sites.
29. (S/WN) During October 1981, a second round of SA-10 deployment began at the sites on the
"E" ring around Moscow, approximately 85 km outside the city (Figure 9). The 22 SA-10 sites on the "E"
ring are each designed to contain 12 SA-10 launchers, and each site contains or will contain an arch-
roofed bunker (Figure 10).
30. (S/WN) Three BIG BIRD radars have also been identified around Moscow. A BIG BIRD radar is
on top of the YO YO radar.bunker at SA-1 sites C09-01, E23-01, and E26-01.
Nikolayev
31. (S/WN) SA-10 deployment was first identified around Nikolayev in June 1980; five sites are
deployed around the city (Figure 11). Four sites are deployed around the southern half of the city, and
one site is deployed north of the city; all are within 13 km of the downtown area. Each site is a
reconfigured SA-3 site that contains six trapezoidal launch revetments-three complete and three incom-
plete (inset, Figure 11). The complete revetments contain inner walls that are lined with concrete Ialocks
and two buried cable conduits for a pair of SA-10 launchers. Two arrowhead-shaped radar revetments are
also at each site.
32. (S/WN) Six SA-10 launchers were originally deployed at each site, but preparations are underway
at at least two sites to increase the number of launchers to 12. During the spring of 1982, construction of
the three unfinished revetments at sites A15-10 and A25-10 resumed. By three additional SA- 25X1
10 launchers had been delivered to these sites, and three more launchers will probably be delivered
soon.
25X1
(Continued p.12)
53?
00,
0 20 I
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FIGURE 8. SA-10 SAM SITES AROUND KUYBYSHEV. Inset shows Kuybyshev SAM Site B07-10.
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E35-100 E36-100
E01-10
0
0 SA-10 SITE
A BIG BIRD RADAR
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0 10
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FIGURE 11. SA-10 SAM SITES AND BIG BIRD RADAR AROUND NIKOLAYEV. Inset shows Nikolayev SAM Site A25-10,
which is typical of the sites around Nikolayev.
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34. (S/WN) The BIG BIRD radar serving the Nikolayev SA-10 sites is at the Nikolayev Air Warning
Radar Facility TALL KING
35. (S/WN) SA-10 deployment was first identified around Novosibirsk in 1980; four sites are de-
ployed around the city, between 19 and 27 km from the downtown area (Figure 12). One site, B20-10, was
scratch built and contains launch revetments in a unique, V-shaped configuration (inset, Figure 12). The
site appears to have been designed to conform to the shape of a treed area that completely surrounds it.
1he other three SA-10 sites were reconfigured from existing SA-2 sites. At one of these
25X1
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sites, B28-10, the SA-10 equipment has been deployed in an unusual manner. When the SA-10 equipment
arrived at this site in March 1981, it was placed in the prepared revetments. However, in April 1981, all SA-
10 equipment was removed and set up adjacent to the prepared site, where it has remained.6 This 1.
configuration is compact, with all the launchers parked in a tight row. This site could be involved with
training, or it may be an example of how a field-deployed site can be configured. Another site, B01-10,
was the first SA-10 site in the USSR to contain 12 deployed launchers. By the six 25X1
additional SA-10 launchers had been deployed at the site. The 12 SA-10 launchers were parked, two per
revetment, in the six trapezoidal revetments. The BIG BIRD radar serving the Novosibirsk SA-10 sites is at
Novosibirsk SAM Support Facility 25X1
Riga
36. (S/WN) SA-10 deployment was first identified around Riga in July 1980. Five sites are deployed
north and west of the city, between 11 and 40 km from the downtown area (Figure 13). One site, Riga
A24-10, was scratch built adjacent to Riga SAM Support Facility 2 , and the other four sites
are reconfigured SA-2 or SA-3 SAM sites. The four reconfigured sites were originally constructed with
three or four trapezoidal launch revetments. During the summer of 1981, the revetments at three of the
sites were reconfigured into enlarged rectangles (inset, Figure 13). Although the rectangular revetments
provide space for additional launchers, only six launchers have been deployed per site. The fifth and
newest site, C28-10, was constructed with four rectangular revetments. The BIG BIRD radar serving the
Riga area SA-10 sites is adjacent to Riga Air Warning Radar Facility A20-5
37. (S/WN) SA-10 deployment was first identified around Severodvinsk in July 1980. One scratch-
built and four reconfigured sites are deployed around the city, all within 20 km of the downtown area
(Figure 14). The scratch-built site, A02-10, is adjacent to Severdovinsk SAM Support Facility 1
and consists of three trapezoidal revetments that contain two SA-10 launchers each. The four
reconfigured sites each have six small, U-shaped launch revetments that can contain only one SA-10
launcher (inset, Figure 14). Arch-roofed bunkers are at all the sites. The BIG BIRD radar serving the
Severodvinsk area SA-10 sites is adjacent to Severodvinsk Air Warning Radar Facility A13-5 (BE
This is the only BIG BIRD radar site where the electronics support vans are housed in an
arch-roofed bunker.
38. (S/WN) In addition to the deployment of operational SA-10 equipment, dummy SA-10 equip-
ment has been deployed at two SA-10 sites around Severodvinsk, and a dummy SA-10 site has been
constructed.? Two additional launch revetments have been constructed adjacent to Severodvinsk SAM
Sites A12-10 and A36-10. Each revetment is occupied by a dummy SA-10 launcher with two vertically
mounted dummy missile canisters. A third SAM site, Severodvinsk Site A01-03, is a dummy SA-10 site
equipped with dummy equipment. The site was quickly converted from an operational SA-3 site to a
complete dummy SA-10 site between Six new launch revetments were con-
structed and occupied by dummy SA-10 launchers. Two dummy TETs with dummy radars are also at this
site.
Severodvinsk is the only area where a dummy SA-10 site and dummy SA-
10 equipment have been identified.
40. (S/WN) SA-10 activity was first identified around Sverdlovsk during July 1982. Two SA-2 sites are
being reconfigured for the SA-10; the sites are northeast and southeast of the city, 25 km from the
downtown area (Figure 15). Both sites contain six trapezoidal launch revetments and excavations in the
central guidance area that are probably for arch-roofed bunkers (inset, Figure 15). No SA-10 equipment is
at either site.
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O B28-10
O$
B08-10 0
FIGURE 12. SA-10 SAM SITES AND BIG BIRD RADAR AROUND NOVOSIBIRSK. Inset shows Novosibirsk SAM Site
B20-10.
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57'
15,
BIG BIRD
RADAR
0 JELGAVA
(RIGA)
A03-10
0 10
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FIGURE 13. SA-10 SAM SITES AND BIG BIRD RADAR AROUND RIGA. Inset shows Riga SAM Site A32-10, which Is
typical of the sites around Riga.
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A12-10
CL 10
64?
15'
OA24-10
FIGURE 14. SA-10 SAM SITES AND BIG BIRD RADAR AROUND SEVERODVINSK. Inset shows Severodvinsk SAM Site
A24-10, which is'typical of the sites around Severodvinsk.
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60?T30'
T
60?45' 61?00'
0
B05-10
_ 56?J
45'
B13-100
I 10
56?
30'
FIGURE 15. SA-10 SAM SITES AROUND SVERDLOVSK. Inset shows Sverdlovsk SAM Site B05-10, which is typical of the
sites around Sverdlovsk.
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Troop Training Facilities
41. (S/WN) SA-10 troop training exercises have been conducted at Kapustin Yar since 1980 and at
Sary-Shagan since 1979. However, deployment of the SA-10 SAM system has resulted in an expansion of
these troop training facilities. Two new launch sites are under construction at Kapustin Yar SAM Firing
Range, and an additional SA-10 launch site was recently completed at Sary-Shagan MTC Launch Complex
Kapustin Yar
42. (S/WN.) New SA-10 launch site construction was identified in June 1981,, adjacent to site D in
launch area D--and site C in launch area C at Kapustin Yar SAM Firing Range. Both sites, designated site E
and site F, respectively, have similar configurations consisting of two large, rectangular pads at the rear of
the site that are road-connected to two small, square pads about 200 meters away (Figure 16). The two
small pads extend through the site security fences but are not separately secured. The sites are oriented
in a northerly (downrange) direction and are about 2 km apart. Paving blocks had'been partially installed
on one of the large pads at site E by but all subsequent imagery has shown no further 25X1
construction. The configuration of these sites is unusual because it deviates from the typical ring or fan
pattern seen at other launch sites on the firing range. However, since these new sites are intended for SA-
10 troop training, and since the SA-10 is a vertically launched missile, the sites do not need directionally
oriented launch pads.
43. (S/WN) Site E of launch area D was the first new site to be used for troop training. Ono 25X1
=a FLAP LID radar and two SA-10 launchers were engaged in a training exercise that appeared to be a 25X1
spillover of-activity at site D (Figure 17). Since then, SA-10 equipment has usually been present at site E.
No SA-10 training activity has been observed at site F in launch area C.
44. (S/WN) SA-10 troop training has been conducted at Launch Complex D19-05, where two former
SA-5 launch sites, B and C, have been reconfigured for the SA-10 (Figure 18). Site B was reconfigured
between September and October 1979 and was sup ortin SA-10 troop training by Site 25X1
C was reconfigured between and troop training was first observed on ^ 9FX1
Sary-Shagan
Since then, simultaneous SA-10 training at both sites has frequently occurred. Site A has 25X1
not been reconfigured; however, no SA-5 equipment is present, and the site is inactive.
45. (S/WN) A large-scale strategic/tactical air defense exercise, which included the SA-10, began at
Launch Complex E during August 1982. As part of this exercise, two new, field-deployed SA-10 sites had
been set up 4 km north of Launch Complex D19-05 by0 The SA-10 equipment deployed at the 25X1
two new sites probably came from Moscow SAM Sites C07-10 and C10-10. By the SA-10 25X1
equipment at both these Moscow SAM sites had been removed. If this equipment came from the
Moscow sites, it will probably be returned.
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(S/WN) All applicable satellite imagery acquired through
report.
was used in the preparation of this 25X1
MAPS OR CHARTS
SAC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Various Sheets, scale 1:200,000 (UNCLASSIFIED)
DOCUMENTS
1. DIA. DST-1060E-235-80, Executive Summary of the SA-X-10 Missile System (U), Feb 81 (SECRET
2. NPIC. Z-20084/80, IAR-0212/80, Probable SA-X-10 Series Production at Leningrad Guided Missile Production
Plant 458, USSR (S), Sep 80 (SECRET
3. Dept of the Army. RAC-24/0003/79, ACT-II-1060-046-80-SAO, SA-X-10 Surface-to-Air Missile
System (U), Mar 80 (TOP SECRET
4. NPIC.
5. CIA
RCA-09/0012/80, Activity and Developments at Selected Soviet Missile Support
Research, Development, and Production Facilities (TS CODEWORD), Jul 80 (TOP SECRET
6. NPIC. Z-14552/82, IAR-0035/82, Unusual SA-10 Site Configuration, Novosibirsk, USSR (S), Apr 82 (SECRET/
7. NPIC. Z-20138/81 IAR-0183/81, Dummy SA-10 SAM Sites and Equipment at Severodvinsk, USSR (S), Sep 81
(SECRE
*Extracted information is classified SECRET
REQUIREMENT
COMIREX D99
Project 542029D
(S) Comments and queries regarding this report are we
Icome. They may be directed to
Strategic Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC,
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