THE OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND REPORTS (ORR) SUMMARY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84-00022R000200060003-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 3, 2003
• Sequence Number: 3
• Content Type: SUMMARY

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400, -400
ence and with the concurrence of the Intelligence Adviao
lily in 195d,~t the National Security Council instructed t
Central Intelligence Agency to survey the field of "Economic Tx,-
telligence0. On the recommendation of the Director of Central
n June 195l'W'all.otted to CIA
produci
The Office of Research and Reports (ORR
nr.r.rw..~r+rr+~r rt r r
Summary
of its elements as a service of comion concern
for coordinating economic intelligence and for
of Research and marts assumed this responsibilit * within
ak its most urgent task to study the economy
of the Soviet orbit and to fill the galas
h the onomi.c Intelligence Committee., who
outlined by the Intelligence Advisory Committes,"ORR
r coordination. It also continues
inherited from the former Office of Reports and
It coordinates the program of the National Intelligence
Survey and provides centralized geographical and rap
intelligence.
support for other offi~
monitors certain research p:
benefit of CIA but not within it.
."arch in economic intelligence
cation of techniques no
XSG5 June 224, 1951
;iAC-D 22/1 29, 1951
rt+o fully employed.
NX Action 282 larch 311950
ORR also
ertaken, for the
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+f past pp
of raw intelligence
a far
cogent. This is especially true
after
ollection and processing
ion of the search for data over
Soviet orbi4
of ORR in 1951
ularl7 as a result of the
example, proposed attacks on
f turies of ball-bearings had been studied chiefly
nerabil i ty as a physical target, rather than from a
of the effect on
vital elements of machinery were serious
ion was organized as an economic branch, and
sideration of the whole impact had been neglected - ithat stockpiles
possible substitutes could be used1 what armaments
uld suffer as a result of shortages?
lea former office of Research and Repo
endeavored to cover some portion of
Sovi
f Consultants who
to October
of economic
ea divisions. rur. thermore, about half of the
n following economic
the establishment of ORR and its exolusiv+
for the first time the vital iraor
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p
to fool
old or
sponsibi.l.il
Office of t=ent Intelligence or the
ar l diate advises has. p Ltted fl'
a endeavors on the search for every scrap of information,
and. from every possible source bearing on the funda-
a general econorrV.
F,conom#.e Intelligence
eating the total economic resources on which
ated should serve these major purposes;
ncept,,, the intelligence in. foreign economics .I
military potential must depend in any but the briefest
of c;paigns to estimate the magnitude of threats
against us.
(2) discovery of the
resources, to estima'
launching of threats.
on of pot
e character and po
of retaliation.
(fit) To
at in estimating rival potentialities, on the
asa ption that there will
';, on 1 scion
ORE is devoting its ea ies at present to the study o
threat to our national security. Approach
of this problem through econo
rviet lion and its satellites as representing
search is facilitated by tMo
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4W
I"W
political decisions.
A of i
may likewise be trrxe elsewhere,
for supplying the answers to Iac
The engineer and the econom st .. one f+
idify
up to now been o
other skilled
comes and economic relationships, provides a basis
l7 overcoar are the
n3 ties of ORR intli anus Production
es have
collection of intelligence on
re likely bear .fruit over
ircumatances have dictated a limited obj acti'
in production,,
of current information and the absenca of
on which to build. Current demands on O for support, preclude
the opportunit
Ltically co"
lack of intelligence which might
over these pas-
e constantly repeat a cycle of revs.
motion, deter rAns which are
the pattern of this. information.. and concen'
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eventually to an unders
be,
weights of poll
of what CIA kn
at was n
capabilities. This
information -.ich had
units and it brought to
genres.
month,
abor in the U. S. econ
In all
95
Soviet econor r,r With eraphasis on exiles
primarily should be discovered
orderly accu .atiof o
jr, many separate places in fry
t certain grave deficiencies in intell
was achieved in more nearly
'or petroleum products a..th
degrees of Importance. 'The'
old of construe
trig industries uhich support the p
program for
possible within the rat ye
elect certain.
uction of
s h
ailabil
of the
vertory
gaps
.encies
1 e caf8r of
A definite
yet established.
aepprox ma.tionsi, it
narrow these fields and.
:ts of them for intensive study
Ld b
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ston A
The Economic Intellig,
of national. intelligence esti tes, and has
proved itself already a useful instrument in securing aging the in
ation regard to specific problems,
ibility fbr coordinating research on
,ttere conducted by organizations out
zd.ttee has begun to cope with the question of pooling informs-
Part 2 of this port under "Coordination". . In brief
:spices. 'lane has not yet been time to develop
program to siphon systematically the knowledge available in urn
versities and in private industry.. But a start has been made with
a pilot project at the
The central purpose of this projec
19148
program of i
n plL
society from the scholarly
governmental operations desif
. tree has been more fully treated
bit
ligence Survey establish in
from its predecessor, involves
rmplez system of collecting
extensive editing and review by
enctee. It also provides for
grass has been made in
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establishing permanen
,auntir the capabi.i. tie
in the ? effectiveness of intetag
of factors
possible to
control',,;of
a stop
because
outbreak of the
production by the agerci
hlishnent and resulted in a considerable
reduction in output the Tpartr ent of State. Only half of the
production. goals for the fiscal year 1951 was met. Cur rent pro.
c Lotion also is running considerably behind the. 1952 schedule.
is possible that the solution ray us in financial support of units
C agencies by CIA such. as it now provides for State and
sou osier contribut
insure oont xuity of
to met scheduled coi
Af intelligence, This would be likely to
production and re more certain the ability
giants.
D ;aion transfer
t predecessor.
V
coatinu.ed to
ce4
geographic intelligence of cemaon interest
.ties include "location intelligence"
fore
lying t vulnerabi ity of strategic
ati ons, A current project is the analysis of Soviet
ible for coordinating the "map and anwt
T US program and also for overseas arrangements to
fields of mapping,, aerial photogr ,
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4 ac ti,
107
n case
of
CIA.
cations throughout the
activities ; of OCT,* OM
support
quired for many of the ita
pplies
personnel
ie .d of specializa
'or drawing
7 U,, S. resource for t production of economic intelli'
1,0 ORR is utilizing consultants o are norma3.3y engaged
in private affairs.
' problers of particular n3omen
on of this report. Probably first in irportence am
25X1
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information that is
;s a good d
action in 07
attr d. Second is the probla zt of
r e the lack of t hich also plagues otbaer
11 Third, .> not indigenous to O RR,, bat
or
personnel,. and for some reasonable method
of utilizing thoap individoa %he caz of be cleared..
Problem is the need for closer contact between the ORR analysts and
t collection offices in the field..
Problem
1. Organization of atirg. Information
Perhaps the greatest probl In the collec
intelligence
a wej that it can rely, be utilised, This problem is intensified
by the vast alt of information concerning Soviet eoononsy to be
.dely spa. ed points:. It is eat sire intensified by
mple.)d; ty and inter - ral ti o ip of economic factors
iron ore to steel,
picture of that econ if its fragments ca
close concrete a .dente
ogica ly arranged. The difficulty lies in c terv&ning how all
born on an endless belt to the hoar of
t I* national aoanom. are fused in
bier aatd mulded into
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a Wifficil
yet caught up on
the perfect intelligence e
field of printed matter on Soviet eco exist:
f iless but on the shelves of libraries
it
al
solution
2. The Necessity for Operational NOW10dCO
rational knowledge presently w .thh ld fron a
purposest
,u remains
rest possible to
>n which would
on the alert
,rahi l .ty.
*nomics involves a vast rrruer of facets
light
ciples:
possible type of specialised knowledge should exist
in an organization devoted to the understanding of what seem
be unrelated phenomena. Ihe rapidity of change in technical de.-
velopments is now so rapid and becomes so itingly weighed
3.e: difficult for an analyst to know Fiat to look
bald without a p
px*nts in the
eadv occurred
(2) That it may estimate more accurately Soviet pot
netrate to reveal, a comprehensive whole.
of new materi or new process:
developrAn
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U
An axe
br c of a x
(techol ).
appy cloak of e
tens of thousands of chemical products nanufac tu;r ,,
vex, to those known to be the
at might
it Vas lea
importance . in the production of certain new U. S.. we ons
a key to determining the extent of similar production in the USSR. It
before 0.
Success:
t for infor tion about Soviet production of Optol
domestic production (75 tons a year
it ossible to keep up with every development in
ho ?ever,, because the e' dence of Soviet production
Mqxlovation of Soviet
of similar domes
Soviet vulnerability (even
properly recogrd zed.
ve in
factors in any one of never
rth a
Lght have been
dent
production.
possible to ter adv
on the j. s, fo:
of .
age, of
receipt
inquiry
oeUent case.
the economic
production of
t. have be=
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could not i.
rdght have been possible even by covert measu
USSR into plunging into wasteful and useless endeavor to the sacrifice
of other economic goals.
Again,, so long as technical information on the development of
U. S. weapons i withheld from other intelligence agencies, it is
impossible to estimate accurately the harts that could be done to
Soviet industry or to analyze correctly the effect on such vital
matters as decentralization stockpiling,, and recuperation. These
and other factors can become significant in intelligence only if
im4)lomented by the knowledge of what the U. S. could and would do,
Miny like them emphasize the unity of modern war and modern econou .
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is and Responsibility in Coordination
coordination is particularly
various phases are
through which economic intelligence
sary in economic intelligence
e4 f*4 mA . 't"haa nnagencies
be collected are each i
estad, in a particular facet dear to their
. disregard items of apparent trivi ali ty which may prove the keystone
of complete information. N=D-15 22, 1951) makes
responsible for the coordination of foreign economic intelligence
and for such production of it as is necessary to supplement the
east of other agencies.
i. anticipation of this Directive the Intelligence
established the Economic intelligence
1951) comprised of representatives from the D
Force, State, the Joint Chiefs of
ligence Agency. 'Y :e representative
tor in charge of Cam, ac
# her agencies may
of especial interest to them are likely to arise. Air
so participated. The SIC itself is
of forming subttees concerned with. problem of Agriculture,
Menicalsi, Transportation,, and others of seemingly diversified
of organic interest.
Though the chief task to which ORR is now devoted is concerned
stucbr of the Soviet econo yj its duty to coordinate the
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produced by other in
to other areas, insures that little of in'
security shall fail to be
is to p ent duplication bro.
c
re,a
ata a. um, 8 -. ru,LL
* overlappIng s
irl survey of all
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