SUMMARY OF REMARKS BY ALLEN W. DULLES DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE TO ALL-AMERICAN CONFERENCE TO COMBAT COMMUNISM AND KANSAS CITY ASSOCIATION FOR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND TRADE KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84-00161R000100170011-0
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 15
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 30, 2002
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: November 11, 1960
• Content Type: SUMMARY

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SUMMARY OF REMARKS
BY
ALLEN W. DULLES
DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE
TO
ALL-AMERICAN CONFERENCE. TO COMBAT COMMUNISM
AND
This is a TEMPORARY DOCUMENT KANSAS CITY ASSOCIATION-FOR
only, for the use of DCI/HS. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND TRADE
The record copy has been KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI
released t9 National Archives 11 November 1960 f
nder the HISTORICAL REVIEW PROGRAM. 7:00 P.m. --C. S. T.,
HRP
Veterans Day, which we celebrate on November 11 of each
.year, i-s dedicated to those.who in war fought to preserve our
own freedoms and to bring freedom to others.
The fighting in World War I ended with an Armistice
forty-two years ago. Ever since then we have been struggling
to achieve peace and make it secure against the forces.which
that war let loose. in the world, foremost of these forces is
International. Communism.
The treaty,which ended World War I was deeply, influenced
by:Woodrow Wilson's fourteen points, and .the doctrine of the
self -determination of peoples. The map of . the world was altered
and the principles. set forth in..that . treaty eventually helped.to
bring freedom to many millions formerly under colonial-rule.
In the light of this history it seems strange that-we, the
United States, should now be falsely accus.ed as an imperialist
and colonialist power by the Soviet Union.. It is they who have
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enslaved many millions of peoples, while the principles of our
Declaration of Independence, of our Revolution :and of President
Wilson's .call for self-determination have made the United States
the foremost protagonist of the principles of human freedom.
On:.Veterams ;Day we also pay, tribute to those who in :World
War II contributed so,largely; to bringing an end to Nazi and Fascist
tyranny in Europe and to Japanese imperialist designs in the
Far East.
And lastly today, we pay. tribute to those who in. the Korean
War -maintained the.barriera-gainst,th.e aggressive advance of
Communism in the Far East.
Thus we have.learned over the four decades since
November 1918, during the lifetime of-many--of-us, that our freedoms
can be menaced not alone here at home, but by.events . in other .and
often distant parts of the world -- on the Rhine, in Korea, and.today
in-Berlin, in the :Congo, and in far-away Laos .and nearby-CUba.
The advance of tommunism anywhere in the world can affect
the United. States. . To permit. this would be. a betrayal of -the
veterans to whose sacrifices we pay.tribute here today.
Anyone speaking here in this.city, on these subjects, would
be derelict if he failed to pay.tribute to the role of President. Truman
.in .the defense of our freedoms. He initiated the Truman Doctrine
in 1947 to protect-Greece and Turkey from Communist aggression
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and subversion. He took a firm stand in the days.of the Berlin
blockade, and.in the defense of freedom's .frontiers in Korea.
During the last eight years under President Eisenhower
these frontiers of freedom have been defended. The military and
economic strength of the Free World have been steadily built up
to face what. today and tomorrow may be ever bolder and more
powerful Communist threats.
It was during the years of tension following World War II
that. the Central Intelligence Agency.was organized as a special
element in our Government to help meet the new dimensions of
the crisis which the Free World faced in.dealing with the aggressive
plans of International Communism.
One of the essential reasons for the creation of the Agency
was the need to obtain better, information on.a world-wide basis as
to what the-Communists in Moscow, their allies and satellites,
were planning and plotting through their far-flung subversive
apparatus.
And when in 1947 and 1948, shortly after the organization of
the CIA, the Communists took over in.Czechos-tova-kia, threatened
in Greece, in France and Italy, and then .in Berlin and later in
.China and Korea, the Central Intelligence Agency.was strengthened
both in authority. and resources to become one of the instruments
of our government in dealing with the International Communist
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subversive threat.
In the CIA we do not deal with policy we attempt to get
at.the.facts without which no adequate policy,can be formulated.
.The threat of Communism dates back to 1917 when the
-Bolsheviks, declaring the dictatorship of the.proletariat, took
control of the ma.chinery.of government. in Russia.
. The period of just over.forty.years- since then falls roughly
.into four periods.
The first.decade, up to the early 1930's, I would call-the
decade of indifference and misunderstanding by the. Free -World
..of. what was really happening in Russia as.a-.result.of.the
Communist-Bolshevik take-over.
During.the early years of this .period it -was hoped -that. if
we left the -Communist movement alone, lice a bad dream it
would go away.
I was .a member of. the -American delegation to.the Paris-
.Peace,Con erence_in.1919. At this.time it was.felt that the-problems
of the world could be settled -without much regard for.events .in the
Soviet Union. The. United States did, however, take the lead in
terminating intervention in what was coming. to be viewed. as .an
internal. Russian. affair. At. the same time we. held aloof from
diplomatic recognition as we began-to appreciate the basic
incompatibility of the Soviet. system and all its .works with a
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society devoted.to free enterprise and the freedom of the
individual.
The second decade, prior. to the outbreak of World War.II,
was marked by the establishment of diplomatic relations between
the United States and the Soviet Union. By and large during
this decade the United States andcountries of Western Europe,
through. restored contact, endeavored to do business- with Russia.
In .the field of. trade and commercial relations, initially some
progress was made. Soon, however, the. incompatibility.of the
two systems in this field also became apparent. The Soviet Union
had.little to sell which we wished .to buy and neither the des-ire
nor the financial means to acquire from us those goods.and services
which they could not pay for by. their own trade or by the export
of capital.
This was.also a period of -very..res-trio-ted .s?oc.ial and cultural
relations. During this decade of the . Thirties .we continued to be
disillusioned by, the Soviet.system, with its deportations and purges.
In particular we were disturbed .by their activities, through the
Comintern, in .interfering in .the internal political affairs .of other
countries. We found.that .Communism was their principal
commodity. of export.
Then came the decade of the Forties, which opened and
.closed with periods of great disenchantment. Following the
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Molotov-Ribbentrop cynical agreement of August 1939, Poland
was invaded by. the Soviet and partitioned. with Nazi Germany.
Finland was attacked, and the Baltic States.lost their freedom
in June of 1940. With Hitler's ,attack on the Soviet Union there
followed a, period of alliance in war. Then came the post-war
disillusionment as.Stalin abused the agreement sigxn6d in.Yalta
and after probing the strength of the West from Iran to Berlin,
aided in the Communist take-over of mainlandChina.and prepared
-to.collaborate in. the Communist, attack in Korea.
Thus it was natural that.the decade of the Fifties was the
decade of the awakening - - an awakening .not . only, to the basic
purposes.and policies of. the Soviet Union.and their ally Communist
China., but.also an awakening to the growing economic and
military strength of the Soviet Union which emerged as :a nuclear
power with growing ability. to deliver nuclear weapons to any, part
.of the globe.
It was also an awakening to Soviet-strength inthe field of
science, to their development of a sophisticated educational system,
particularly in .scientific and technical. fields, and.. to the emergence
of the Soviet Union as a power which.could make its weight felt not
only-militarily but economically and technologically. all over the
world.
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The decadeof the Sixties .will be a decade of great decisions.
During this period we will probably see a rough balance of
military, strength.in the nuclear. and delivery, fields, where both
.sides will recognize that.all-out nuclear war is mutual destruction.
Then the methods used in the struggle will tend to shift, as
it is beginning to do today. The balance of power in the uncommitted
areas of the world may. well be determined in fields other than the
military.
It is on the nature of this, struggle that, I wish to speak tonight.
While- I shall be dealing ;mainly with the non-military .phases
of our global confrontation with Gommunism, the maintenance of
our military strength remains of vital importance. During this
.decade of. the. Sixties we must do all in our power to assure ourselves
that.the Soviets at no time gain superiority in the arms race. What
is more, it. is vital that their own intelligence appraisal of the
respective military situations should not give them any,assurance
that they could attack us.without receiving unacceptable damage
and destruction in return.
There must be no ground for misinterpretation either of our
military, strength or of our willingness, if our own interests or
those of our allies are attacked, to respond with overwhelming
strength.
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Too often in the.past, war-s have. come through the misjudging
of. the strength and tenacity. of an opponent or of the fortitude with
which the opponent would meet any aggression. . To cite only very
recent history, Japan so miscalculated, and twice.Germany did
likewise.
In many of his statements Khrushchev has.indicated .that he
sees. evolving the likelihood of -something in the nature of a.nuclear
stalemate. While he still rattles his missiles, and threatens to use
them even in,s.ituations as close at hand as .Cuba, at the same time
he is professing that he does-.not intend to initiate a nuclear war.
He consider-s this.a risky, adventure, quite unnecessary to the
accomplishment of his aim for a peaceful conquest of the
non-Communist world. Hence, today,he is trying to &e11 to us
the idea of co-existence, but his co-existence is largely a.figure
of speech to cover his program of conquest without war.
Our own.intelligence, analysis of. the situation leads us to
believe that in order to accomplish its objectives under the guise
of. co-existence, the Kremlin will put. chief emphasis on the following
lines of action: -- internal subversion, economic penetration and
massive propaganda, directed against the countries :of the. Free World.
Chief.attention will be given to the weak and newly freed..nations,. and
to those nations which are vulnerable to attack because of economic
disparities, poverty and ignorance.
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Every weakness in the.Free World, every division among and
.within our free societies will be exploited. . They will try to divide
us and thus. to win us over.
Divided countries fit handily into the Communist program. We
have as.examples -Germany, the city of Berlin, Korea and Vietnam.
In each and every. one. of these cases the. Communists have helped .to
create and then exploited divisions in the Free World.
What does.intelligence tell us .of Khrushchev'-s weapons in
the war . of s'ubver sion ?
He uses the -technique :of maintaining and directing. Communist
parties, subservient. to Moscow, in almost every,partof the Free
World. We. even have one of his servile Communist parties.here
in the. United :States .
.Fortunately, our own high standard of living, effective counter-
measures. spear-headed -by the Federal B,4reau of Inves-tigation, and
the repugnance we share of everything that Communism means, tend
to keep the .party, small and politically ineffective.
Unfortunately, such is not the-case in all other, countries of the
.:Free World. In many, countries .Communist parties have positions of
relative respectability. In some they have large representation in
the legislatures where they, sabotage parliamentary government and
often render parliaments impotent.to take the decisions necessary for
the country:'.s .security, and well being.
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In the earlier days of the Communist movement, Moscow openly
maintained well publicized organizations to give direction to these
Communist parties. First came the Comintern -- dissolved .Largely
to satisfy the apprehensions of the.United States Government during
the war days. Then came the -Cominform which likewise disappeared
after a few years of existence. Neither of these actions .altered the
basic. Soviet policy of directing these Communist parties -from Moscow.
They merely arranged other methods, more covert and less advertised,
to accompli-s1h the same objective.
For some years .the.Communists, at. regular. intervals, have been
holding large party, Congresses .in Moscow. Here they gather. together
the hard core=Communist. leaders from all of the major countries of
the Free World and from many of the smaller. countries. These
,Communist leaders .from abroad .are indoctrinated .in the policy, which
Moscow considers best, calculated, according to the particular
background of . the country, concerned, to build towards Communist
domination.and the destruction of democratic processes.
Thus.they,us.e the liberties, which .are the essence of our free
institutions, to try, to undermine, in country after country, the very
concept of liberty, itself.
In February of 1959 one of these major party Congresses, the
twenty-first, was held in Moscow. Since _a.miscellaneous group of
Communist leaders .from all quarters of the globe gathered together,
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the security arrangements.of these.- Communist meetings could not
.be very good. Hence we know, for example, a great deal about
the instructions which were given to.the Communist delegates from
Latin American countries. We know that the program now. being
followed in. Cuba is :based, chapter.and..verse, on what the-Cuban
Communists-were instructedto.do at. this. twenty-first party, Congress.
A very special meeting of Communist party delegates.is now
being held in Moscow to celebrate the.annive-reary of the- Soviet
Revolution. In addition to high representatives of. Communist_ China
and of all of . the ten :Communist satellite states, we have, identified
.representatives.from five Latin American states, five important
European..countr-ies-, -and.from many Asian and African.countries.
. If. the. usual pattern is followed, we expect that.. the Communist
.parties of about 60_countries.will be present. The American
Communist party is among those pepresented at the meeting.
Some of. the time of. this conference will undoubtedly, be spent
in discussing important di.f'ferences .between Moscow and Peiping.
Khrushchev:is-.supporting the doctrine of co-existence as the best
method.of spreading Communism. . The. Chinese.-Communists had
adopted _a -more. uncompromising ,view, favoring .military aggression
wherever it can._effectively,advance their. frontiers.
However, we.can be -sure that. there will be group meetings in
.which the situation of individual countries .and areas-will be
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carefully. s tudied .and a party line adopted with appropriate
instructions to Communist. leaders. in practically every country in
the world.
These Communist parties operating in .the Free World are not
.national parties, as . are the other parties .which .represent the various
political and social. views of free peoples-. The. Communists
represent. the . views of International, Communism. as. laid down in
Moscow, or sometimes in Peiping.
It is quite true that. in .local situations local Communist leaders
.are even .encouraged .to follow extreme nationalist. lines. . This tactic
enables. them to get. support from disaffected .elements which would
not, follow open Communist doctrine. At. times the Communist line
.even encourages, working with the so-called.bourgeois.or even extreme
rightist. elements. Anything .goes .as ..long as the objective of breaking
down the orderly process-es---of. representative government--is served.
In many cases, pacifism and opposition to national defense
.:measures.,can,.be :exploited by,Communist intrigue to.weaken the
unity. and. strength .of countries. Even members of NATO, for example,
have.been. subject to this kind of pressure.
Tied into the world-wide network of Communist parties-dedicated
.to the destruction of free government, there is a group of Communist
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front organizations. which play supporting roles..
. In the first. line, we have the World Federation of Trade. Unions
with headquarters.in.:Prague. This organization, with central control
stemming from the Communist leadership, has.a decis-ive voice in
.the largest trade unions of France, of Italy, of Indonesia, of Japan
.and has great influence on Communist unions. in practically every
free country of the world.
.In further supporting roles to the world-wide Communist
party and labor oganizations, there are two large Communist youth
organizations. In recent years these? organizations have held major
rallies in Moscow and.East Berlin, attended by, young .people from
all parts of the world.. Last year the Moscow management of these
youth rallies . had.the boldness to hold their world-wide conference in
free Vienna.. They had good reason to-regret their boldness.
The Communists-have also organized a whole . galaxy. of additional
front.organizations.in other fields.such as journalism, women's
activities and.various professions including law, medicine and the
like. The Communists promote ban-the-bomb movements,
capitalizing on widespread fears of nuclear war.
If International Communism. can sell the Kremlin's idea of
co-existence, this will give increasing respectability, and.appeal to
their. Communist parties, their front organizations, and to the whole
Communist apparatus.
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.Our-libertieswill not be secure.until we thoroughly, recognize
the .nature and extent of the danger . of these Communist. techniques.;
until we take effective. steps to uncover and disclose. to the world,
so that all. can see, their .motives .and objectives; and.identify, the
leaders-and the stooges of these parties and fronts.as . they, receive
their . tactical orders. from the Kremlin.
In exposing the International Communist apparatus.it must
also.be made.very clear, particularly in.the underdeveloped areas
of. the .world, that. their. choice. in determining the pattern of their
economic and political development does . not. lie between "capitalism
on the one hand and..Communism on the other." The real choice is
.between the dictatorship of the. Communist. system run by the Kremlin
.anad free development of. the social and economic life of the peoples
of these, countries.
To put this problem more concretely the following is. the
.situation as ;I s-ee it. today.
Organizera..for International Communism are ..at work everywhere
in. the.world. . They,have the tool-s.in.their hands which.I have just
described. . The wares they, are: trying to sell are attractively
packaged. The. themes - democracy, peace, co-existence, are
prominently displayed .and the slogans of imperialism and colonialism
are used.
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These organizers .also have at their disposition-the Communist
party and front organizations. . They.are ready to receive any
,prospective recruits. . Everything is made. easy. Moscow will
provide. Promises are cheap.
On the other side. the democracies %of- the world have no
comparable organization. We do not, want. anything like a -Comintern
or.'Cominform or party;Congr-ess. to direct and.:subsidize the millions
of people who long for the advance of freedom and democracy. With
us in.the-Free World these problems are handled through free
political parties, often -contesting among themselves, often working
first and.foremost for their own particular. party. ends and only
incidentally using their resources to combat. Communism.
Today, as:we go into the -decisive decade of the Sixties, the
political, leaders. of the-Free World will undoubtedly be considering
,the steps, that, can be taken to help, coordinate measures to stop the
.menace of the :International Communist. movement.
It is. clear. that, the great. forces of. freedom and democracy in
A he world, of which..this this. country, is the -leader, should be put. to work
behind.a..united coordinated. effort. to meet peacefully., the Moscow
directed.threat. . Today the Communists believe that they ,are able to
protect their own. frontiers -. by sealing, off the. Communist. orbit from
any.form of peaceful penetration which .they, consider?harmful.
They, believe that. today the. Free' World.is divided in its efforts::to
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