SUMMARY OF REMARKS BY ALLEN W. DULLES DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE TO ALL-AMERICAN CONFERENCE TO COMBAT COMMUNISM AND KANSAS CITY ASSOCIATION FOR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND TRADE KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI

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CIA-RDP84-00161R000100170011-0
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11
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November 11, 1960
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? Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 SUMMARY OF REMARKS BY ALLEN W. DULLES DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE TO ALL-AMERICAN CONFERENCE. TO COMBAT COMMUNISM AND This is a TEMPORARY DOCUMENT KANSAS CITY ASSOCIATION-FOR only, for the use of DCI/HS. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND TRADE The record copy has been KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI released t9 National Archives 11 November 1960 f nder the HISTORICAL REVIEW PROGRAM. 7:00 P.m. --C. S. T., HRP Veterans Day, which we celebrate on November 11 of each .year, i-s dedicated to those.who in war fought to preserve our own freedoms and to bring freedom to others. The fighting in World War I ended with an Armistice forty-two years ago. Ever since then we have been struggling to achieve peace and make it secure against the forces.which that war let loose. in the world, foremost of these forces is International. Communism. The treaty,which ended World War I was deeply, influenced by:Woodrow Wilson's fourteen points, and .the doctrine of the self -determination of peoples. The map of . the world was altered and the principles. set forth in..that . treaty eventually helped.to bring freedom to many millions formerly under colonial-rule. In the light of this history it seems strange that-we, the United States, should now be falsely accus.ed as an imperialist and colonialist power by the Soviet Union.. It is they who have 1 App/b1ie'd For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 enslaved many millions of peoples, while the principles of our Declaration of Independence, of our Revolution :and of President Wilson's .call for self-determination have made the United States the foremost protagonist of the principles of human freedom. On:.Veterams ;Day we also pay, tribute to those who in :World War II contributed so,largely; to bringing an end to Nazi and Fascist tyranny in Europe and to Japanese imperialist designs in the Far East. And lastly today, we pay. tribute to those who in. the Korean War -maintained the.barriera-gainst,th.e aggressive advance of Communism in the Far East. Thus we have.learned over the four decades since November 1918, during the lifetime of-many--of-us, that our freedoms can be menaced not alone here at home, but by.events . in other .and often distant parts of the world -- on the Rhine, in Korea, and.today in-Berlin, in the :Congo, and in far-away Laos .and nearby-CUba. The advance of tommunism anywhere in the world can affect the United. States. . To permit. this would be. a betrayal of -the veterans to whose sacrifices we pay.tribute here today. Anyone speaking here in this.city, on these subjects, would be derelict if he failed to pay.tribute to the role of President. Truman .in .the defense of our freedoms. He initiated the Truman Doctrine in 1947 to protect-Greece and Turkey from Communist aggression Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18 .: CIA-RDP84-00161 R0001001700'11-0 and subversion. He took a firm stand in the days.of the Berlin blockade, and.in the defense of freedom's .frontiers in Korea. During the last eight years under President Eisenhower these frontiers of freedom have been defended. The military and economic strength of the Free World have been steadily built up to face what. today and tomorrow may be ever bolder and more powerful Communist threats. It was during the years of tension following World War II that. the Central Intelligence Agency.was organized as a special element in our Government to help meet the new dimensions of the crisis which the Free World faced in.dealing with the aggressive plans of International Communism. One of the essential reasons for the creation of the Agency was the need to obtain better, information on.a world-wide basis as to what the-Communists in Moscow, their allies and satellites, were planning and plotting through their far-flung subversive apparatus. And when in 1947 and 1948, shortly after the organization of the CIA, the Communists took over in.Czechos-tova-kia, threatened in Greece, in France and Italy, and then .in Berlin and later in .China and Korea, the Central Intelligence Agency.was strengthened both in authority. and resources to become one of the instruments of our government in dealing with the International Communist -3- Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18: CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 subversive threat. In the CIA we do not deal with policy we attempt to get at.the.facts without which no adequate policy,can be formulated. .The threat of Communism dates back to 1917 when the -Bolsheviks, declaring the dictatorship of the.proletariat, took control of the ma.chinery.of government. in Russia. . The period of just over.forty.years- since then falls roughly .into four periods. The first.decade, up to the early 1930's, I would call-the decade of indifference and misunderstanding by the. Free -World ..of. what was really happening in Russia as.a-.result.of.the Communist-Bolshevik take-over. During.the early years of this .period it -was hoped -that. if we left the -Communist movement alone, lice a bad dream it would go away. I was .a member of. the -American delegation to.the Paris- .Peace,Con erence_in.1919. At this.time it was.felt that the-problems of the world could be settled -without much regard for.events .in the Soviet Union. The. United States did, however, take the lead in terminating intervention in what was coming. to be viewed. as .an internal. Russian. affair. At. the same time we. held aloof from diplomatic recognition as we began-to appreciate the basic incompatibility of the Soviet. system and all its .works with a Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18: CIA-RDP84-00161 R0001.00170011-0 society devoted.to free enterprise and the freedom of the individual. The second decade, prior. to the outbreak of World War.II, was marked by the establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States and the Soviet Union. By and large during this decade the United States andcountries of Western Europe, through. restored contact, endeavored to do business- with Russia. In .the field of. trade and commercial relations, initially some progress was made. Soon, however, the. incompatibility.of the two systems in this field also became apparent. The Soviet Union had.little to sell which we wished .to buy and neither the des-ire nor the financial means to acquire from us those goods.and services which they could not pay for by. their own trade or by the export of capital. This was.also a period of -very..res-trio-ted .s?oc.ial and cultural relations. During this decade of the . Thirties .we continued to be disillusioned by, the Soviet.system, with its deportations and purges. In particular we were disturbed .by their activities, through the Comintern, in .interfering in .the internal political affairs .of other countries. We found.that .Communism was their principal commodity. of export. Then came the decade of the Forties, which opened and .closed with periods of great disenchantment. Following the Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18-: CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Molotov-Ribbentrop cynical agreement of August 1939, Poland was invaded by. the Soviet and partitioned. with Nazi Germany. Finland was attacked, and the Baltic States.lost their freedom in June of 1940. With Hitler's ,attack on the Soviet Union there followed a, period of alliance in war. Then came the post-war disillusionment as.Stalin abused the agreement sigxn6d in.Yalta and after probing the strength of the West from Iran to Berlin, aided in the Communist take-over of mainlandChina.and prepared -to.collaborate in. the Communist, attack in Korea. Thus it was natural that.the decade of the Fifties was the decade of the awakening - - an awakening .not . only, to the basic purposes.and policies of. the Soviet Union.and their ally Communist China., but.also an awakening to the growing economic and military strength of the Soviet Union which emerged as :a nuclear power with growing ability. to deliver nuclear weapons to any, part .of the globe. It was also an awakening to Soviet-strength inthe field of science, to their development of a sophisticated educational system, particularly in .scientific and technical. fields, and.. to the emergence of the Soviet Union as a power which.could make its weight felt not only-militarily but economically and technologically. all over the world. Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18: CIA-RDP84-00161 R0001001700.1.1-0 The decadeof the Sixties .will be a decade of great decisions. During this period we will probably see a rough balance of military, strength.in the nuclear. and delivery, fields, where both .sides will recognize that.all-out nuclear war is mutual destruction. Then the methods used in the struggle will tend to shift, as it is beginning to do today. The balance of power in the uncommitted areas of the world may. well be determined in fields other than the military. It is on the nature of this, struggle that, I wish to speak tonight. While- I shall be dealing ;mainly with the non-military .phases of our global confrontation with Gommunism, the maintenance of our military strength remains of vital importance. During this .decade of. the. Sixties we must do all in our power to assure ourselves that.the Soviets at no time gain superiority in the arms race. What is more, it. is vital that their own intelligence appraisal of the respective military situations should not give them any,assurance that they could attack us.without receiving unacceptable damage and destruction in return. There must be no ground for misinterpretation either of our military, strength or of our willingness, if our own interests or those of our allies are attacked, to respond with overwhelming strength. Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Too often in the.past, war-s have. come through the misjudging of. the strength and tenacity. of an opponent or of the fortitude with which the opponent would meet any aggression. . To cite only very recent history, Japan so miscalculated, and twice.Germany did likewise. In many of his statements Khrushchev has.indicated .that he sees. evolving the likelihood of -something in the nature of a.nuclear stalemate. While he still rattles his missiles, and threatens to use them even in,s.ituations as close at hand as .Cuba, at the same time he is professing that he does-.not intend to initiate a nuclear war. He consider-s this.a risky, adventure, quite unnecessary to the accomplishment of his aim for a peaceful conquest of the non-Communist world. Hence, today,he is trying to &e11 to us the idea of co-existence, but his co-existence is largely a.figure of speech to cover his program of conquest without war. Our own.intelligence, analysis of. the situation leads us to believe that in order to accomplish its objectives under the guise of. co-existence, the Kremlin will put. chief emphasis on the following lines of action: -- internal subversion, economic penetration and massive propaganda, directed against the countries :of the. Free World. Chief.attention will be given to the weak and newly freed..nations,. and to those nations which are vulnerable to attack because of economic disparities, poverty and ignorance. Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011,-0 Every weakness in the.Free World, every division among and .within our free societies will be exploited. . They will try to divide us and thus. to win us over. Divided countries fit handily into the Communist program. We have as.examples -Germany, the city of Berlin, Korea and Vietnam. In each and every. one. of these cases the. Communists have helped .to create and then exploited divisions in the Free World. What does.intelligence tell us .of Khrushchev'-s weapons in the war . of s'ubver sion ? He uses the -technique :of maintaining and directing. Communist parties, subservient. to Moscow, in almost every,partof the Free World. We. even have one of his servile Communist parties.here in the. United :States . .Fortunately, our own high standard of living, effective counter- measures. spear-headed -by the Federal B,4reau of Inves-tigation, and the repugnance we share of everything that Communism means, tend to keep the .party, small and politically ineffective. Unfortunately, such is not the-case in all other, countries of the .:Free World. In many, countries .Communist parties have positions of relative respectability. In some they have large representation in the legislatures where they, sabotage parliamentary government and often render parliaments impotent.to take the decisions necessary for the country:'.s .security, and well being. Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For-Release 2002/06/18 CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 - In the earlier days of the Communist movement, Moscow openly maintained well publicized organizations to give direction to these Communist parties. First came the Comintern -- dissolved .Largely to satisfy the apprehensions of the.United States Government during the war days. Then came the -Cominform which likewise disappeared after a few years of existence. Neither of these actions .altered the basic. Soviet policy of directing these Communist parties -from Moscow. They merely arranged other methods, more covert and less advertised, to accompli-s1h the same objective. For some years .the.Communists, at. regular. intervals, have been holding large party, Congresses .in Moscow. Here they gather. together the hard core=Communist. leaders from all of the major countries of the Free World and from many of the smaller. countries. These ,Communist leaders .from abroad .are indoctrinated .in the policy, which Moscow considers best, calculated, according to the particular background of . the country, concerned, to build towards Communist domination.and the destruction of democratic processes. Thus.they,us.e the liberties, which .are the essence of our free institutions, to try, to undermine, in country after country, the very concept of liberty, itself. In February of 1959 one of these major party Congresses, the twenty-first, was held in Moscow. Since _a.miscellaneous group of Communist leaders .from all quarters of the globe gathered together, - 10 - Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 the security arrangements.of these.- Communist meetings could not .be very good. Hence we know, for example, a great deal about the instructions which were given to.the Communist delegates from Latin American countries. We know that the program now. being followed in. Cuba is :based, chapter.and..verse, on what the-Cuban Communists-were instructedto.do at. this. twenty-first party, Congress. A very special meeting of Communist party delegates.is now being held in Moscow to celebrate the.annive-reary of the- Soviet Revolution. In addition to high representatives of. Communist_ China and of all of . the ten :Communist satellite states, we have, identified .representatives.from five Latin American states, five important European..countr-ies-, -and.from many Asian and African.countries. . If. the. usual pattern is followed, we expect that.. the Communist .parties of about 60_countries.will be present. The American Communist party is among those pepresented at the meeting. Some of. the time of. this conference will undoubtedly, be spent in discussing important di.f'ferences .between Moscow and Peiping. Khrushchev:is-.supporting the doctrine of co-existence as the best method.of spreading Communism. . The. Chinese.-Communists had adopted _a -more. uncompromising ,view, favoring .military aggression wherever it can._effectively,advance their. frontiers. However, we.can be -sure that. there will be group meetings in .which the situation of individual countries .and areas-will be Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18: CIA-RDP84-00161 R00010017001 1 -0 carefully. s tudied .and a party line adopted with appropriate instructions to Communist. leaders. in practically every country in the world. These Communist parties operating in .the Free World are not .national parties, as . are the other parties .which .represent the various political and social. views of free peoples-. The. Communists represent. the . views of International, Communism. as. laid down in Moscow, or sometimes in Peiping. It is quite true that. in .local situations local Communist leaders .are even .encouraged .to follow extreme nationalist. lines. . This tactic enables. them to get. support from disaffected .elements which would not, follow open Communist doctrine. At. times the Communist line .even encourages, working with the so-called.bourgeois.or even extreme rightist. elements. Anything .goes .as ..long as the objective of breaking down the orderly process-es---of. representative government--is served. In many cases, pacifism and opposition to national defense .:measures.,can,.be :exploited by,Communist intrigue to.weaken the unity. and. strength .of countries. Even members of NATO, for example, have.been. subject to this kind of pressure. Tied into the world-wide network of Communist parties-dedicated .to the destruction of free government, there is a group of Communist 12 - Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R00010017001.1-0 front organizations. which play supporting roles.. . In the first. line, we have the World Federation of Trade. Unions with headquarters.in.:Prague. This organization, with central control stemming from the Communist leadership, has.a decis-ive voice in .the largest trade unions of France, of Italy, of Indonesia, of Japan .and has great influence on Communist unions. in practically every free country of the world. .In further supporting roles to the world-wide Communist party and labor oganizations, there are two large Communist youth organizations. In recent years these? organizations have held major rallies in Moscow and.East Berlin, attended by, young .people from all parts of the world.. Last year the Moscow management of these youth rallies . had.the boldness to hold their world-wide conference in free Vienna.. They had good reason to-regret their boldness. The Communists-have also organized a whole . galaxy. of additional front.organizations.in other fields.such as journalism, women's activities and.various professions including law, medicine and the like. The Communists promote ban-the-bomb movements, capitalizing on widespread fears of nuclear war. If International Communism. can sell the Kremlin's idea of co-existence, this will give increasing respectability, and.appeal to their. Communist parties, their front organizations, and to the whole Communist apparatus. Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R0001.00170011-0 .Our-libertieswill not be secure.until we thoroughly, recognize the .nature and extent of the danger . of these Communist. techniques.; until we take effective. steps to uncover and disclose. to the world, so that all. can see, their .motives .and objectives; and.identify, the leaders-and the stooges of these parties and fronts.as . they, receive their . tactical orders. from the Kremlin. In exposing the International Communist apparatus.it must also.be made.very clear, particularly in.the underdeveloped areas of. the .world, that. their. choice. in determining the pattern of their economic and political development does . not. lie between "capitalism on the one hand and..Communism on the other." The real choice is .between the dictatorship of the. Communist. system run by the Kremlin .anad free development of. the social and economic life of the peoples of these, countries. To put this problem more concretely the following is. the .situation as ;I s-ee it. today. Organizera..for International Communism are ..at work everywhere in. the.world. . They,have the tool-s.in.their hands which.I have just described. . The wares they, are: trying to sell are attractively packaged. The. themes - democracy, peace, co-existence, are prominently displayed .and the slogans of imperialism and colonialism are used. Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0 These organizers .also have at their disposition-the Communist party and front organizations. . They.are ready to receive any ,prospective recruits. . Everything is made. easy. Moscow will provide. Promises are cheap. On the other side. the democracies %of- the world have no comparable organization. We do not, want. anything like a -Comintern or.'Cominform or party;Congr-ess. to direct and.:subsidize the millions of people who long for the advance of freedom and democracy. With us in.the-Free World these problems are handled through free political parties, often -contesting among themselves, often working first and.foremost for their own particular. party. ends and only incidentally using their resources to combat. Communism. Today, as:we go into the -decisive decade of the Sixties, the political, leaders. of the-Free World will undoubtedly be considering ,the steps, that, can be taken to help, coordinate measures to stop the .menace of the :International Communist. movement. It is. clear. that, the great. forces of. freedom and democracy in A he world, of which..this this. country, is the -leader, should be put. to work behind.a..united coordinated. effort. to meet peacefully., the Moscow directed.threat. . Today the Communists believe that they ,are able to protect their own. frontiers -. by sealing, off the. Communist. orbit from any.form of peaceful penetration which .they, consider?harmful. They, believe that. today the. Free' World.is divided in its efforts::to -15 - Approved For Release 2002/06/18 : CIA-RDP84-00161 R000100170011-0