TERRORISM REVIEW

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84-00893R000100230001-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 5, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 18, 1983
• Content Type: REPORT

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Directorate of
Intelligence
MASTER FILE COPY
DO NOT GIVE OUT
OR MARK N
Review
Terrorism
18 August 1983
Seer-et
GI TR 83-017
18 August 1983
-Seef t-
481
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1 Perspective-The East European Terrorist Connection
(OG!)
3
Highlights
5
Iraq's Support for
Terrorism
Review F
International Terrorism:
Current Status
(OGI)
Colombia:
The M-19 After Bateman
(OGI)
21 Chronology
Comments and queries regarding this publication may be directed to the Deputy
Director, Instability and Insurgency Center, Office of Global Issues, telephone
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Secret
Terrorism
Review F
Perspective The East European Terrorist Connection
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Policies and activities of the Soviet Union's East European allies, have, to varying
degrees, been conducive to revolutionary violence and terrorism against US
interests, but, in our judgment, not decisive in sustaining groups, defining their
targeting objectives, or establishing their levels of activity. Nor can we yet identify
solid evidence of direct Soviet or East European manipulation of terrorist groups.
the Soviets and their allies provide support to govern- 2
ments and organizations that aid or conduct terrorism and are witting that such
assistance facilitates terrorist operations. Such support most prominently includes
training in Eastern Europe and abroad; provision of weapons, materiel and
funding; relatively unfettered-if closely monitored-use of the territory of these
states for transit, sanctuary, and safehaven; and at least implicit encouragement to
employ such assistance in conducting violent and subversive operations.
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Certain Soviet policies and anti-American propaganda campaigns provide back-
drops favoring anti-American terrorism. For example, Soviet threats against West
European governments supporting INF deployments and Soviet manipulation of
certain anti-INF groups have helped create a favorable climate for attacks by
terrorists against US military facilities in West Germany to generate visible
opposition to INF deployments and the US presence. Implicit Soviet support for
employment of violent tactics by Syria against US interests in the Middle East ad-
vances the Soviet aim of undermining US peace initiatives in the region
The Soviets and East Europeans tend to remain one step removed from terrorist
operations, avoiding direct involvement and attendant risks. In contrast, such
prominent Middle Eastern supporters of terrorism as Syria, Iran, and Libya, for
example, have employed their own intelligence and special operations personnel in
international terrorist operations and have engaged surrogate groups in such
activities. To preserve plausible deniability, the Soviets, and presumably other Bloc
personnel, apparently attempt covert liaison with or penetration of terrorist groups
to gather intelligence but do not try to direct operations or provide direct support.
We believe that the Soviets carry out these operations to decide whether or not a
group poses a direct threat to Soviet personnel and installations, to determine
whether such groups may evolve into revolutionary movements worthy of Soviet/
.East European support. at a later date, and to assess their ability to promote
broader Soviet political interests.
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GI TR 83-017
18 August 1983
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Bulgaria is prominent among East European states involved in supporting violent
revolutionary groups. A crossroads between East and West, Bulgaria has been
used by transiting and fugitive international terrorists. More important, both
under the authority of the government and as a result of illicit smuggling and
criminal operations, arms and munitions have passed from and through Bulgaria
to revolutionaries and terrorists in Turkey, the Middle East, and Western Europe.
Arms that can be traced to Bulgarian purchases have turned up among terrorist
supplies in West Germany, Italy, Turkey, and in the Middle East. Much of this
traffic has been channeled through.the state-controlled KINTEX import-export
enterprise, which has purchased arms abroad and resold them for hard currency
to, among others, revolutionary groups that engage in terrorism. In some cases,
corrupt officials have confiscated contraband weapons and equipment in Bulgaria
and recycled it for sale on foreign black markets.
Bulgaria offers training and safehaven to groups
that engage in terrorism, and that Bulgarian instructors-along with Soviet and
East German-have been sent to train revolutionaries abroad.
opular Front for the Liberation of Palestine- pecial Command
(PFLP-SC), one of the more radical and active non-PLO terrorist groups,
evacuated from Beirut to Sofia in July 1982 under Israeli military pressure. The
group has since returned to its home base in South Yemen
Of note, the prominent terrorist groups indigenous to the three West European
countries bordering on eastern Communist countries-West Germany, Austria,
and Italy-appear to have received little, if any, assistance from the neighboring
East Bloc. In the case of the West German Red Army Faction RAF 'and the Ital-
ian Red Brigades (BR), we
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see few signs o a
prominent or consistent Soviet-East European role. On the other hand, such 25X1
prominent transnational organizations as the various Palestinian groups, and
perhaps the Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA),
appear to have obtained a more significant level of assistance from Eastern
Europe, despite the fact that locations of their headquarters facilities and training
Berlin play a prominent role should mainline PLO groups resume interna-
tional terrorism operations in Western Europe or should intra-Palestinian bloodlet-
ting in the Middle East spread to Europe. We believe that, if the PLO ban on in-
ternational terrorism that has been in effect since the mid-1970s is lifted, or if the
infrastructure in East Berlin comes under control of hardliners, it would provide an
ideal springboard for Palestinian terrorism in Western Europe.
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Secret
Highlights
and by more militant groups attempting to provoke a confrontation.
Key Indicators West Germany: Demonstrators Arrested at Ramstein Airbase. Although no
violence occurred at the 7 August open house, police arrested approximately 160
demonstrators. According to the West German press, the demonstrators intention-
ally provoked arrests by the US security forces, and some television stations
broadcast pictures of the arrests with the commentary that this was evidence of
US military "brutality." We believe that this tactic is likely to be used in the fall
by groups attempting to influence public opinion against the US military presence
ionrunuea terrorism in the rrencn tarionean. According to local media, the
proindependence Revolutionary Caribbean Alliance (ARC) claimed responsibility
for the burning of a supermarket in Pointe-a-Pitre during the visit to Guadaloupe
on 23 July of the French Secretary of State for Overseas Departments. Bombs
were placed in two other supermarkets; one of them detonated, causing minor
damage. In a separate incident on Martinique, four bombs exploded at the
Department of Public Works on 7 August, causing heavy damage to the building
and several trucks parked outside. 25X1
These latest acts follow a series of some 29 recent bombings believed to have been
carried out by ARC in France's three Caribbean, departments and Paris. The
incidents have been downplayed by local media, and, as a result, we expect ARC
will probably escalate its activities to obtain publicity for its cause.
Costa Rican Land Invasions. Costa Rican radio and press report that extremists
have been involved in recent land invasions in several parts of the country-the
Atlantic region reportedly being the focus of major activity. Reportedly, individ-
uals trained in Nicaragua and Cuba are training peasants in land seizure, and the
media report a plan has been uncovered to seize airfields, an electric power plant,
and other targets of tactical value. The activity is reminiscent of operations carried
out by members of the Costa Rican terrorist group known as The Family who, we
believe, initially began their activities in the same rural area and ultimately
graduated to urban terrorism. Most of the members of The Family are believed to
have been arrested after an attack on a US marine jeep in 1981.FI 25X1
Honduran Guerrillas Reported in the Olancho.
a group of 120 guerrillas are believed to be operating in the re-
mote Olancho region,
The group reportedly is organized along military lines and is equipped with M-16
rifles, M-60 machineguns, M-79 grenade launchers, and hand grenades.
Secret
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the group is part of the Honduran branch of the Central American Workers
Revolutionary Party-a regional terrorist organization with membership in all
Central American countries and one of the five principal groups that comprise the
Salvadoran Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMLN).
United States: ASALA Bombers Convicted. In Los Angeles, a US Federal Court
convicted three ASALA members of a 1982 attempted bomb attack near the Air
Canada cargo terminal: The bomb was intended to be a retaliation for the arrest of
a number of ASALA members in Canada. No date for sentencing has been set in
this case. We note that ASALA has previously conducted retaliatory attacks
against countries imprisoning its members
West Germany: Bombing Signals the Start of "Hot Autumn. "The group claiming
responsibility for the 7 August bombing of the officers' club at Hahn Airbase
concluded. its confessor letter with the phrase "autumn begins," a reference to the
anti-INF protests scheduled for. this fall. We concur with the assessment of the
West German authorities that RAF supporters were responsible for the attack,
and we believe that they intend to target US military installations in the future.
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Iraq's Support for
International Terrorism:
Current Status
Iraq, pressured by war with Iran, has withdrawn its
more obvious support for Baghdad-based Palestinian
terrorist groups in hopes of improving relations with
Western countries and Arab moderates. Iraq has also
strengthened its relations with the established PLO
leadership over the past year and would jeopardize
existing good will were it to openly or strongly support
a group such as the Black June Organization (BJO)
whose primary aim is to destroy Arafat and the
moderates
Iraq has, in effect, disallowed Abu
Nidal's BJO the privilege of using Baghdad as its
operational headquarters, forcing the group to operate
out of Damascus. Though the BJO's activities out of
Iraq have been curtailed, the Iraqi regime is likely to
continue to covertly provide some form of support. In
this way, Iraq probably hopes to neutralize charges
from the West regarding its support for international
terrorism, yet maintain some leverage over Abu Nidal
so as not to make him totally dependent on Syria.
Baghdad appears also to have reduced its ties to the
15 May Organization. Though 15 May and its leader,
Abu Ibrahim, remain in Baghdad, we believe the
group has been inactive-largely because of Iraqi
pressure-since its attempts to bomb airliners and
facilities in Geneva and Tunis in August and Septem-
Recent reporting from the US Embassy in Kuwait
that 15 May was responsible for a recent unsuccessful
attempt to recruit individuals to bomb the US Embas-
sy there appears to be unfounded. There has been no
evidence to suggest that 15 May is involved in this
alleged operation,
Despite Iraq's apparent reduction in support to these
two terrorist groups, we believe it is unlikely that Iraq
will totally eliminate its ties with them. Baghdad
wants to continue to counter Syrian influence on
Palestinian groups as well as maintain a terrorist
option as a tool for intimidation in pursuing its own
foreign policy goals.0 25X1
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Secret
GI TR 83-017
18 August 1983
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Secret
Colombia:
The M-19 After Bateman
of the group is still in question
Despite the recent announcement that Ivan Marino
Ospina Marin will succeed deceased M-19 leader
Jaime Bateman, the leadership and future direction
route to a meeting in northern Colombia with leaders
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results could be one or more major attacks designed to
demonstrate the group's continued viability.
might also be more inclined to cooperate with Colom-
announcement Fayad contended that Bateman was en bia's other, frequently more brutal, guerrilla groups.
In a press interview on 16 July, M-19 National
Directorate member Alvaro Fayad confirmed that
Bateman had died in a late-April plane crash, al-
though no crash site has been located. During his
of the National Liberation Army (ELN).
We believe that in the near future the National
Directorate will be less coherent and therefore less
effective in guiding the group. Bateman was a charis-
matic leader and had led the group since its inception.
It is doubtful that Ospina, who is reportedly in poor
health, will maintain as much control over the group
as Bateman, and he may not play a major role in the
group's day-to-day operations. The fact that Ospina
apparently conceded the position of spokesman to
Fayad, a key rival, indicates that a power-sharing deal
may have been struck, at least for the short term.
Since Bateman's death, M-19 operations have contin-
ued at the low level that followed the government's
amnesty program; however, moderates in the group
who had rejected amnesty out of fear or loyalty to
Bateman may now change their plans, leaving the
group in the hands of more radical members. The
7 Secret
GI TR 83-017
18 August 1983
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Iq
Next 9 Page(s) In Document Denied
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Total, 840
Of which: US targets 373
100
('alegorp of
Inlernalional
terrorist Incidents,
198 2-83,1)V
Month
Barricade.
hostage
Bombing
Armed attack
Hijacking
Assassination
Threats, hoax
Sniping
Otherb
Figures for the most recent months are subject
to change as additional data are received
'Breakiris. conspiracies. shootouts, etc.
J
A
S
0
N
D
J
F
M
A
M
J
Ja A S 0 N D
1982
1983
Total
74
90
52
59
47
50
57
59
77
82
60
66
67
840
4
1
4
3
2
2
4
4
3
3
2
3
35
1
1
6
1
5
2
1
2
3
4
2
2
3
33
42
32
13
17
18
23
22
25
27
30
22
32
21
324
2
1
2
2
4
1
2
2
16
3
4
1
3
3
1
4
6
3
4
7
6
10
55
3
4
5
1
2
4
1
4
5
2
4
2
37
19
44
18
23
14
16
20
15
29
25
18
17
23
281
1
2
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
15
1
3
3
8
2
4
3
2
4
5
5
1
3
44
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Chronology
This chronology includes significant events, incidents, and trends in international
terrorism. It provides commentary on their background, importance, and wider
implications. It does not treat events listed in previous editions of the chronology
unless new information has been received.
allegedly had contact with terrorists in northern Italy.
Italy: Arrests of Italian Terrorists
In Naples, Italian counterterrorist police announced the arrests of elements of a
new terrorist column. The group-formed along Red Brigades' lines-planned to
open a terrorist campaign within the next few months to take advantage of the
growing political and financial crisis within the city administration. The group
taken into custody by Cuban authorities in Havana.
United States-Cuba: Delta Flight Hijacked
A Delta Airlines flight en route from Miami to Tampa with 107 persons aboard
was hijacked to Cuba by three men brandishing a knife and using an aerosol can as
a torch. The three men and four other persons, apparently family members, were
hijacking in the United States since the beginning of May.
United States-Cuba: Hijackings Continue
For the second time in less than 48 hours, a US carrier was hijacked to Cuba. A
Cuban bank employee commandeered an Eastern Airlines flight while en route
from New York to Miami with 232 persons aboard. After the plane landed in Ha-
vana, the hijacker was taken into custody by Cuban authorities, and the plane and
passengers continued on to Miami. The incident was the eighth successful
Italy: Red Brigades (BR) Trial Ends
In Turin, the three-month trial of 61 BR members ended with the defendants
found guilty of 10 murders, 17 attempted murders, and a series of bombings.
Twelve of the terrorists-described as leaders of the BR-were given life
sentences. Most of the evidence was reportedly provided by two repentant
terrorists, Patrizio Peci and Antonio Savasta. One defendant was acquitted of a
murder charge because of insufficient evidence-creating a public uproar-but
remains in prison awaiting trial on other terrorist charges.0 25X1
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30 July 1983 West Germany: Hahn Airbase Targeted
According to military reporting, participants in a nearby women's "peace camp"
penetrated the base on 30 July and spray painted graffiti on various facilities. On
7 August an early morning explosion at the officers' club caused considerable
damage, but no injuries. We believe that the peace camp is providing training for
anti-US activities and that supporters of the RAF were involved in both incidents.
31 July 1983 Iran: Attempted Bombing of Egyptian Interests Section Offices
In Tehran, a 5-kilo bomb-which failed to explode-at the Egyptian Interests
Section may have been the work of the Armenian terrorist group Orly. We believe
the real target of the bomb was France, who is protecting Egyptian interests since
the break in relations between Iran and Egypt in 1979.
3 August 1983 Turkey: Terrorist Reorganization Attempt
In Istanbul, security forces arrested 46 members of the illegal Dev Yol (Revolu-
tionary Way) organization in a series of counterterrorist operations. In addition to
weapons, organizational documents and leftist publications printed abroad were
found, indicating that Dev Yol was in the process of reorganizing.
4 August 1983 Northern Ireland: Irish Terrorists' Threat to Informer
In Belfast, Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) guerrillas claim to be holding
the three kidnaped relatives of INLA informer Harry Kirkpatrick in an attempt to
force Kirkpatrick to withdraw his evidence against several INLA members. They
have threatened to kill the hostages unless Kirkpatrick recants.
Lesotho: Assassination Attempt on Jonathan
A car bomb explosion in Maseru narrowly missed Prime Minister Jonathan, who
was shaken but unhurt.
5 August 1983 Lebanon: Car Bomb Kills Over 20 People
A massive car bomb exploded in front of a Mosque in Tripoli killing over 20 people
and injuring over 50. No one has yet claimed responsibility. The bombing occurred
in an area controlled by the Islamic Unification Movement, a group that is
considered generally close to both Syria and Iran. Though Syrian troops were
withdrawn from the Tripoli area in the week preceding the bombing, Syrian forces
continue to ring the city.
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,jecrer
dignitaries were to have attended a special service at the temple.
6 August 1983 South Africa: Explosion in Synagogue
The ANC has denied responsibility for the bombing of a synagogue in Johannes-
burg. South African President Yiljoen, the Israeli Ambassador, and other
Spain: Bombing in Basque Country
In Lasarte, Basque separatist guerrillas claimed responsibility for the bombing of a
bank moments before the blast occurred. No one was injured in the explosion,
which is the latest in a series of attacks against financial institutions that do not
pay "revolutionary taxes" to Basque terrorists.
Spain: Bombing Campaign Aimed at Spanish Military
In Barcelona, Basque Fatherland and Liberty Political/ Military Wing Eighth
Assembly (ETA/PM-VIII) sent a map to the Basque newspaper Egin allegedly
showing the location of six bombs placed in locations of military significance. The
communique stressed that the bombs were not targeted against people, but that
they were a protest against the coming trial of nine ETA/PM members in
Barcelona for an assault on the military compound at Berga, Spain. Spanish police
have found three of the six bombs, which were not primed to explode but could
have been dangerous if moved. We anticipate that ETA/PM-VIII will continue to
target the Spanish military, particularly in view of the recent unrest in the Basque
7 August 1983 Iran: Bombing of Egyptian Interests Section Offices
In Tehran, there were two more bomb attacks on the offices used by Egyptian In-
terests, which are under the protection of the French Government in Tehran. The
Armenian terrorist organization Orly claimed credit. Given the four previous
attacks in Tehran against French Interests, which occurred in spite of allegedly
improved security by the Iranian authorities, we suspect the Tehran Government
may have been responsible for the direction-or at least the approval-of the Orly
groups' attacks. 25X1
Lebanon: Car Bomb Explodes in Market
A car bomb, estimated at 100 kilos of TNT, exploded in a crowded market in the
Syrian-controlled town of Baalbek, wounding 133 people and killing 33. The Front
for the Liberation of Lebanon From Foreigners (FLLF) claimed credit for the
attack. The Baalbek explosion followed a similar blast two days earlier in Tripoli.
Both bombings occurred at a time and place guaranteed to amass large numbers of
casualties, and both attacks took place in areas under Syrian control. The
enigmatic FLLF claimed credit for the wounding of a Libyan Charge in Beirut in
June. Previous to that incident, the group has claimed four other attacks and
bombings directed against both Palestinian and US targets.
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operator and other proprietors to participate in future national strikes.
Chile: MIR Firebombs Buses
The Movement of the Revolutionary Left (MIR) is believed to be responsible for
the firebombing of five buses parked in a yard in Santiago. Police believe the
incident, which caused $100,000 damage, was carried out to induce the bus
France: Attack by French Basque Terrorists
In Dax, French police are hunting for three men believed to be members of the
French Basque terrorist group Iparretarrak-the Basque word meaning "Those
From the North"-after a machinegun attack on a police checkpoint that killed
one police officer and seriously wounded another. The attack appears linked to
arrests of other French Basque terrorists in connection with a firebomb attack on a
tourist villa. The recent spate of attacks by French Basques has also resulted in a
claim by an antiseparatist group calling itself "Secret Army of the Class of Bouyer
and Roussarie"-names of two French policemen slain by Basque terrorists in
March 1982-that the group has killed a Basque separatist sought for the 1982
killings. No body has been found, and police have no information about this group.
9 August 1983 Spain: GRAPO Communique Pledges To Continue Terrorism
In Madrid, the extreme leftist First of October Antifascist Resistance Group
(GRAPO) sent a communique to a press office denying the existence of negotia-
tions aimed at its dissolution in exchange for the release of several of its members.
GRAPO announced that it will continue its "war" with the Spanish Government,
which-in eight years of activities-has resulted in 55 deaths. GRAPO's most
recent attack occurred on 4 August in Gijon in which a policeman was seriously
10 August 1983 United States: ASALA Bombers Convicted
In Los Angeles, a US Federal Court convicted three ASALA members for a 1982
attempted bomb attack near the Air Canada cargo terminal. The bomb was
intended to be a retaliation for the arrest of a number of ASALA members in
Canada. No date for sentencing has been set in this case. We note that ASALA
has previously threatened to conduct retaliatory attacks against all countries
imprisoning its members.
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Italy: Bombing of Train
Near Florence, a bomb exploded under the locomotive of a train carrying more
than 1,000 passengers, slightly injuring two crew members. A neofascist group
called the Black Order has claimed responsibility for the attack and promised to
provide a communique. Italian police also received an anonymous threatening call
immediately prior to the attack. The caller warned of an impending terrorist
attack similar to the explosion at the Bologna train station in August 1980, which
killed 85 and wounded 200 others. Investigations are continuing to determine the
legitimacy of the claim by the Black Order, the underground successor to the
outlawed fascist group New Order.
Iran: Attacks on French Interests Continue
In Tehran, Orly Group claimed responsibility for a bomb planted in a car, which
exploded inside the French Embassy compound. No one was injured in the blast.
15 August 1983 Colombia: US Citzen Kidnaped
According to press reports, Russell Stendal, an American resident of Colombia,
was abducted at a rural airstrip by several men identified by a police spokesman as
members of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). According to
the spokesman, Stendal, a cattle rancher, had received several recent telephone
threats but had refused to increase his personal security. Stendal is the third US
citizen kidnaped in Colombia this year
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