UNITED STATES-TAIWAN RELATIONS ACT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP85-00003R000100050013-8
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 56
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 27, 2008
• Sequence Number: 13
• Publication Date: March 8, 1979
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

IHI 1148
partner, the Republic of China on
Taiwan.
The striped pants set at the State De-
partment has ordered that honorable
name stricken from American docu-
ments, but that does not change the
fact of a country's existence.
For too long we ignored the existence
of Red China; now we are ignoring Free
China.
The most important thing this House,
can do for the people of Free China is
to make sure they can always purchase
all the advanced weapons they need to
defend themselves.
Th Marx Brothers war in northern
Vietnam.has shown Red China to be a
military paper tiger. We must make sure
that American taxpayers are not called
upon, through subsidized loans, to give
the tiger claws. Free China asks for no
handouts. We must turn down the Com-
munists' demands for subsidized Amer-
ican technology.
^ 1115
LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM
(Mr. RHODES asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, I take this
time to inquire of ,the distinguished ma-
jority leader as to the program for the
balance of the week and for next week.
Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, if the
gentleman would yield-
Mr. RHODES. I yield.
Mr. WRIGHT. The program for the
remainder of this week is the bill H.R.
2479, the United States-Taiwan Rela-
tions Act. The rule, if adopted, will be
an open rule providing 2 hours of gen-
eral debate, and we hope to conclude
that debate today.
Then, on Monday next the House
would meet at noon. No legislative busi-
ness is contemplated.
On Tuesday, we would meet at noon..
If we do not complete H.R. 2479 today,
we will first return to that bill. There are
no suspensions scheduled, but we will
then have a series of three House Com-
mittee funding resolutions.
Then, we will have House Resolution
118, to establish a Select Committee on
Committees.
On Wednesday, we would meet at 3
p.m. and consider H.R. 2283, Council on
Wage and Price Stability Reauthoriza-
tion, subject to the granting of a rule.
On Thursday, we would meet at 11
a.m. and take up H.R. 2534, -providing
a temporary debt limit increase, subject
to the granting of a rule.
We would expect not to be in session
on Friday of next week, March 16. The
House will adjourn by 5:30 on alYdays
except Wednesday. Any further program,
of course, would be announced later.
Mr. RHODES. May I ask the distin-
guished majority leader, if the business
of the day is not completed by the time
of adjournment, will there possibly be a
session tomorrow?
Mr. WRIGHT. We expect to complete
that business today.
Mr. RHODES. Previously, it was an-
CONGRESSIONAL. RIECORID -IHI?USIE March 8, 1979
nounced that there would be no session
tomorrow. That is the reason I, ask.
Mr. WRIGHT. That is correct. We ex-
pect to complete the business at hand
today. We expect to complete action on
H.R. 2479 today. If we fail to do so we
will return to it on Tuesday next.
Mr. RHODES. I thank the gentleman.
DISPENSING WITH CALENDAR
WEDNESDAY BUSINESS ON
WEDNESDAY NEXT
Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, 'I ask
unanimous consent that the business in
order under the Calendar Wednesday
rule be dispensed with on Wednesday
next.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Texas?
There was no objection.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman from
Connecticut (Mr. DODD) is recognized for
1 hour.
Mr. DODD. Mr. Speaker, I yield 30 min-
utes to the gentleman from Tennessee
(Mr. QUILLEN) for purposes of debate
only, pending which I yield myself such
time as I may consume.
(Mr. DODD asked and was given per-
mission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. DODD. Mr. Speaker, House Reso-
lution 148 provides for the consideration
of H.R. 2479, the United States-Taiwan
Relations Act. This resolution provides
for an open rule with 2 hours of general
debate to be equally divided and con-
trolled by the chairman and ranking
minority member of the Committee on
Foreign Affairs. The resolution also
waives all points, or order against the
bill for its failure to comply with sections
401(b) (1) and 40901 of th
C
e
ongres-
ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY, . sional Budget Act and clause 5 of rule
M
R
A
CH 12, 1979
Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that when the House
adjourns today, it adjourn to meet at 12
o'clock noon on Monday, March-12, 1979.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Texas?
There was no objection.
UNITED STATES-TAIWAN RELA-
TIONS ACT
Mr. DODD. Mr. Speaker, by direction
of the Committee on Rules, I call up
Ouse Resolution 148 and ask for its im-
ediate consideration.
The Clerk read the resolution, as fol-
lows :
H. RES. 148
Resolution providing for the consideration of
the bill (H.R. 2479) to help maintain
peace, security, and stability in the West-
ern Pacific and to promote continued ex-
tensive, close, and friendly relations be-
tween the people of the United States and
the people on Taiwan
Resolved, That upon the adoption of this
resolution it shall be in order to move, sec-
tions 401(b) and 402(a) of the Congres-
sional Budget Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-
344) to the contrary notwithstanding, that
the House resolve itself into the Committee
of the Whole House on the State of the
Union'for the consideration of the bill (H.R.
2479) to help maintain peace, security, and
stability in the Western Pacific and to pro-
mote continued extensive, close, and friendly
relations between the, people of the United
States and the people on Taiwan, the first
reading of said bill shall be dispensed with,
and all points of order against said bill for
failure to comply with the provisions of
clause 5, rule XXI are hereby waived. After
general debate, which shall be confined to the
bill, and shall continue not to exceed two
hours, to be equally divided and controlled
by the chairman and ranking minority mem-
ber of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the
bill shall be read for amendment under the
five-minute rule by titles instead of by sec-
tions. At the conclusion of the consideration
of the bill for amendment, the Committee
shall rise and report the bill to the House
with such amendments. as may have been
adopted, and the previous question shall be
considered as ordered on the bill and amend-
ments thereto to final passage without inter-
vening motion except one motion to recom-
mit.
XXI of the rules of the House.
Section 401(b) (1) bars the considera-
tion of any bill which provides new en-
titlement authority to become effective
before the first day of the fiscal year
which begins in the calendar year in
which the bill is reported. Section 203 of
H.R. 2479 contains entitlement provi-
sions which would become effective prior
to October 1, 1979 (the first day of
fiscal year 1980), and therefore would be
subject to points of order under section
401(b) (1) of the Budget Act.
Section 402(a) provides that it shall
not be in order to consider any bill au-
thorizing the enactment of new budget
authority for a fiscal year unless the bill
has been reported by May 15 preceding
the beginning of the fiscal year. Since
this bill was not reported prior to May 15,
1978, it would violate this provision of
the Budget Act.
The chairman of the Budget Commit-
tee has informed the Rules Committee
that he and his committee have no objec-
tion to these waivers since "strict com-
pliance with the Budget Act would nec-
essarily result in a breach in U.S. rela-
tions with Taiwan and that bill repre-
sents no real additional costs."
Finally, the resolution also provides a
waiver of all points of order against the
bill for its failure to comply with clause
5 of rule X I of the rules of the House
which prohibits ? the inclusion of appro-
priations in a legislative bill.
The resolution provides, in addition,
for one motion to recommit.
Mr. Speaker, H.R. 2479, the United
States-Taiwan Relations Act, redefines
U.S. relations with Taiwan in light of
President Carter's formal diplomatic
recognition of the Peoples Republic of
China. As my colleagues know, this is a
rather controversial bill because it seeks
to establish the mechanisms of our fu-
turenongovernmental relationship with
the People of Taiwan now that our for-
mal diplomatic links have been severed.
I would like to compliment my col-
league from Wisconsin, Chairman ZAB-
LOCKI, for what I believe has been a su-
perlative job in treading his way through
a minefield of hotly differing opinion
and reporting out a fine and well con-
sidered bill.
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House- of Representatives
The House met at 11 a.m.
Rabbi Dov Edelstein, Moses Monte-
flore Synagogue, Appleton, Wis., offered
the following prayer:
Ever living God: In these trying times
of confusion and perplexity, we are look-
ing to Thee for guidance and sustenance.
We pray and grasp for peace and for
harmonious relations among all Thy
children; yet, there are detractors who
despise these lofty aims and hinder their
realization among mankind. Give its, 0
Lord, strength and encouragement that
we may not falter.
Bestow Thy guidance and inspiration
upon the elect representatives of this
American Nation that they discharge
their heavy responsibilities with pru-
dence, courage, and humility. May they
navigate the ship of our Nation in the
turbulent waters to secure and tranquil
havens. Do Thou crown with success the
efforts of the President of the United
States at establishing lasting peace
among the nations in the Middle East.
Imbue, 0 Lord, the hearts of all Thy
children with the precious gift of peace
as an everlasting blessing for us, and for
Thy eternal glory. Amen.
THE JOURNAL
The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam-
ined the Journal of the last day's pro-
ceedings and announces to the House
his approval thereof.
Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour-
nal stands approved.
RABBI DOV EDELSTEIN
(Mr. ROTH asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute.)
Mr. ROTH. Mr. Speaker, I am hon-
ored today to be able to recognize Rabbi
Dov Edelstein, who delivered our open-
ing prayer this morning.
Rabbi Edelstein has served for 9 years
at the Moses Monteflore Synagogue in
my hometown-Appleton, Wis. He is
well known in Appleton as an exemplary
citizen with an outstanding reputation
for community service.
The Rabbi is a native of Romania, and
was ordained to the rabbinate in Hun-
gary in 1944. He is also a former inmate
of the Nazi concentration camp at
Auschwitz. Following the war, he was
one of the 50,000 Jews interned by the
British in camps on Cyprus prior to the
establishment of the State of Israel.
From 1947 to 1962, he lived in Israel
and taught Hebrew at several institu-
tions and also taught the language to
immigrants. In 1962 he entered the
United States and settled in Weirton,
THURSDAY, MARCH 8, 1979
W. Va., the sight of his first congrega-
tion, coming from there to Appleton 9
years ago.
Rabbi Edelstein holds a graduate de-
gree in American history and is the
author of a major study of the relation-
ship of the Wisconsin press toward
President Abraham Lincoln during the
Civil War.
It is certainly a pleasure and an honor
to welcome him here today.
OVERSIGHT HEARINGS INTO OCCU-
PATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
OF THE FEDERAL EMPLOYEE TO
COMMENCE
(Mr. GAYDOS asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, I wish to
announce that the Subcommittee on
Health and Safety, on which I have the
honor to serve as chairman, will conduct
a series of oversight hearings into the
occupational safety and health of the
Federal employee. The purpose of these
hearings will be to determine whether
or not the existing law properly protects
the health and safety of Federal em-
ployees.
The first 2 days of public hearings will
be on March 14, 1979, at which time
representatives of the Department of Ag-
riculture will testify, and March 28,
1979. at which time representatives of
the Department of the Interior have
been invited to appear before this sub-
committee.
There will be additional hearings
scheduled. at which time representa-
tives of other Federal agencies will be in-
vited, as well as representatives of em-
plovee organizations and members of the
public.
^ 1105
INTRODUCTION OF BILL TO PRO-
VIDE FOOD STAMP BENEFITS FOR
SENIOR CITIZENS AND THE DIS-
ABLED
(Mr. PEYSER asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. PEYSER. Mr. Speaker, I want to
take this opportunity of thanking my
colleagues, Republicans and Democrats
alike, for the courtesy and support they
have given to my efforts to introduce a
bill aimed at helping our senior citizens
and disabled people who have lost so
much of their food stamp benefits.
Mr. Speaker, today I will be submit-
ting a bill with 105 cosponsors, and I
think it is going to have a real impres-
sion on the Committee on Agriculture.
It is my hope that the subcommittee that
handles this matter will bring-this bill
out promptly. If other Members are
anxious to join in cosponsorship of this
bill as well, we will certainly be willing
to add their names to the list.
FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY
(Mrs. HOLT asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend her re-
marks.)
Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, imagine try-
ing to build a house without any concept
of the size or cost. You just keep build-
ing, adding features that you like.
That describes the congressional
budget process in its current form. We
spend many hours haggling over how
much to provide for this and that pro-
gram or activity, then conclude by add-
ing everything and calling it a budget.
During the last session of Congress,
some of us attempted to change this sys-
tem. On a couple of notable occasions,
we even forced the House to vote on
budget totals before debating the vari-
ous specific items and issues. We were
demanding that Congress establish fiscal
policy before debating how much to
spend on each of the many functions.
But the House leadership has decided
to prevent any such activity in this term.
It persuaded a majority to adopt a rule
that prohibits decisions on fiscal policy
before we act on all the functions. -
We cannot all ow the current system to
continue if we want the discipline re-
quired to move. us toward a balanced
budget, less inflation, and lower taxes.
I have introduced H.R. 55, providing
for a two-step budget process which
would require us to vote on aggregate
policy before we make individual spend-
ing decisions.
This is the prudent and rational way
to proceed. This is the mechanism for
reaching the fiscal responsibility the
public is demanding. I urge you to co-
sponsor H.R. 55.
THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON
TAIWAN
(Mr. PAUL asked and was given per-
mission to.address the House for 1 min-
ute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, with many of
my constituents, who have made their
outrage known to me through letters and
telegrams, r wish to protest the shabby
treatment President Carter continues to
give to our - old ally and good trading
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESS ONAIL ? RIECORD -HOUSE H 1149
Few of my colleagues, I believe, would provisions for Taiwan, maintains the on the State of the union for the consid-
seriously question the wisdom of extend- host of formal nondefense relations with eration of the bill H.R. 2479, with Mr.
ing diplomatic recognition to the Peo- Taiwan, and is a necessary part of a new DANIELSON in the chair.
ples Republic of China, and thus estab- era in United States-Asian relations The Clerk read the title of the bill.
lishing direct government-to-govern- which I think history will prove is not The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the rule,
ment contacts with the world's most detrimental to the fundamental interests the first reading of the bill will be dis-
populous nation. Disagreements have of Taiwan. pensed with. .
arisen over the nature of our future ^ 1120 Under the rule, the gentleman from
relations with Taiwan. Unfortunately, At this, particular juncture, may I Wisconsin (Mr. ZABLOCKI) will be recog-
the United States is unable to recognize again compliment the Committee on nized for 1 hour, and the gentleman from
both the PRC and Taiwan as each gov- Foreign Affairs. This is one of the most Michigan (Mr. BROOMFIELD) will be rec-
ernment has steadfastly insisted, that delicate diplomatic areas which we have ognized for 1 hour.
only it is the legitimate government of encountered in some time, and the dis- The Chair now recognizes the gentle-
all China. Obviously the President has tinguished chairman, the gentleman man from Wisconsin (Mr. ZABLOCKI).
taken the most realistic course in recog- from Wisconsin (Mr. ZABLOCxI), and the Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I yield
nizing the PRC. However, the question ranking- minority member, along with myself such time as I may consume.
we have all asked and will debate today their colleagues on that committee, have (Mr. ZABLOCKI asked and was given
is whether the price of this realism has literally tiptoed through a diplomatic permission to revise and extend his re-
been too high. minefield in dealing with this legislation. marks.)
I must admit that at first I had my Mr. Speaker, I feel that the 2 hours Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, we
reservations about the way Taiwan was of general debate will give Members an have before the House today an impor-
treated. I was, and still remain, deeply arequate enough time to express their tant and indeed a necessary bill. As
concerned over the future security of views on the legislation. The waivers Members know, the President has asked
Taiwan. Most of my colleagues are aware are technical in nature and necessary, for prompt action on it.
that the bill we will be considering ex- This is a necessary bill for our na-
plicitly I would urge my colleauges.to sup- tional security interests and for Taiwan's
plicitly states that "any armed attack port this resolution, the rule, and the
against Taiwan, or use of force, boy- legislation. I protection in view of our present China
cott, or embargo to prevent Taiwan Mr. QUILLEN. Mr. Speaker, I yield policy. It has broad bipartisan support
from engaging in trade with other na- myself such time as I may consume. and I hope and believe that the House
tions, would be a threat to the peace and (Mr. QUILLEN asked and was given will give it overwhelming approval.
stability of the Western Pacific area First, Mr. Chairman, let me give some
and of grave concern to the United permission to revise and extend his re- marks.) background very briefly and then I will States." This strong language express- Mr. QUILLEN. Mr. Speaker, the gen- cite the principal provisions of the bill.
background is as follows: On De-
is the deep concern of the United States tleman from Connecticut (Mr. DODD) has The ba 15, 197d a the Plow O an-
the reiterated throughout section 1 of ably described the provisions of this res- cember ck ert wthe People's
anthe bill, and I believe that the unam- olution. I think it is very important that nounced agreement
of China t with full
biguous intent of this bill's provisions the House have an opportunity to debate Republic o recognition a exchange
January f elll
concerning Taiwan's security will serve the measure in depth. The eyes of the diplomatic rhinwere as of
be Janua y 1,
as adequate protection. world are upon us. The people of Taiwan ' a1979. nd were established as of March
a1 of
The bill, of course, also explicitly states are our friends. The world wants to know this year.
that the United States will make avail- how this country treats her friends, The President also served notice of in-
wan defense articles and services to Tai- especially since we have lost face in Iran, tent to terminate the Mutual Defense
wan for its defense against armed attack in the African nations, and, you name it, between the United States and
and requires the President to promptly around the world. Treaty the treaty and will
he Republic China United
inform Congress of any danger to our in- Mr. Speaker, I hope that this House the y between
the end of this year, De-
wan. arising from any threat to Tai- will come up with a solution, which is cember 31, 1979.
wan. I feel that our flexibility in deciding very difficult in this hour of crisis, a solu- December 30 of last year the Pres-
well to respond to threats to Taiwan is tion which the world 'will applaud, which On m to the all Fed-
said memorandum effect ted
says maintained by section 101(b) which we will be happy with, and which our ident December
says in part, friends in Taiwan can live with. the U.S. aueed a agencies ewhiwill continue to do
The President and the Congress shall de- Mr. Speaker, I have no requests for business with Taiwan much as foro
termine, in accordance with constitutional time, and I reserve the balance of my through b ore
processes, appropriate action by the United time. but will s w h T do it
will an soon h established.
in response to any such danger. Mr. DODD. Mr. Speaker, I have no tity On January 16 this nongovernment
I believe that the flexibility of this requests for time. entity which was designed to replace the
language would easily allow us to meet Mr. Speaker, I move the previous gust- American Embassy at Taipei was incor-
a threat to Taiwan in any manner we tion on the resolution. American
d under District of Columbia law
deem appropriate. The previous question as ordered. uPorate
nder the name American Institute in
I do not believe that our relations with The resolution was agreed to. - Late in January after the Con-
Taiwan will unduly suffer as a result of A motion to reconsider was laid on the Taiwan. can. onvened, all of this was prior to
our new nongovernmental relationship. table. gress time o Congress was i session, which the
U.S. laws and programs will continue to Mr. the House ZABLOCKI. Mr. resolve itself Speaker, I into move deeply concerned many of us. But after
apply to Taiwan as if derecognition had that the House the the Congress convened the President
not taken place. In fact, all treaties and Committee of the Whole House on the sent up legislation to provide for a. con-
international agreements in force be- State of the Union for the consideration tinuation of U.S. relations with Taiwan
tween the United States and the Republic of the bill (H.R. 2479) to help maintain on an unofficial basis and to carry on
of China before this year, except those peace, security, and stability in the operations through this American Insti-
telminated in accordance with treaty Western Pacific and to promote con- tute in Taiwan.
terms, shall continue in force. Our rela- tinued extensive, close, and friendly re- Meanwhile, the Republic of China has
bons with Taiwan will be handled by the lations between the people of the United set up its counterpart nongovernment
American Institute in Taiwan, a nongov- States and the people on Taiwan. instrumentality entitled "The Coordina-
ernmental corporation, which will per- The SPEAKER. The question is on the tion Council for North American Affairs"
form the duties usually associated with motion offered by the gentleman from which is now operating here in Washing-
an embassy. Our commercial, cultural, Wisconsin (Mr. ZABLOCKI). ton in place of the former embassy.
and consular relations with Taiwan will, The motion was agreed to. Frankly, Mr. Chairman, the Presi-
I believe, remain very much as they were ^ 1125 dent's proposed legislation troubled the
before. IN THE COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE Committee on Foreign Affairs in a
I would urge my colleagues to support Accordingly the House resolved itself number of respects. It was ambiguous
this bill as it provides adequate security into the Committee of the Whole House and contained many deficiencies. The
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H 1150 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
major deficiency was, it made no pro- There are other important provisions,
vision for American policy with regard Mr. Chairman. Title II, section 201, for
to the future security of Taiwan. The example, provides that all commercial
executive branch seemed more con- and other nongovernmental relations
cerned with taking care of govern- may be carried forward under the same
mental programs and activities than application of U.S. laws as if derecogni-
providing the legal assurances which are tion had not taken place. Taiwan will
needed for our private sector. have the same standing to sue or be
For example, business, commerce, sued in U.S. courts as before. All prop-
tourism and the like. These activities are erty previously owned by the Republic
the bulk of our daily relationships with of China will continue to be owned by
Taiwan. Taiwan, including the embassy property
Therefore we need this bill so these here in Washington.
relationships can continue with a mini- All treaties and other international
mum of interruption. agreements, except the defense treaty,
After hearings the Committee on For- will remain in force. In other words,
eign Affairs marked up a clean bill which whatever trade agreements we have,
we think will do a good job. The bill, whatever cultural agreements we have,
H.R. 2479, which is before us, I am every agreement we had prior to Janu-
pleased that it bears -the coauthorship ary 1, 1979, will continue in force,
of nearly all the Members of the Com- The bill provides in section 202 for a
mittee on Foreign Affairs on a bipartisan nongovernmental entity through which
basis. the U.S. Government will handle future
^ 1130 dealings with Taiwan.
Mr. Chairman, as I said, I will briefly Now, we did not spell out the title or
outline the major features and provi- did not say what we want this entity to
signs of the bill. It contains a declaration be called.' It could continue to be the
of future U.S. policy toward Taiwan in American Institute in Taiwan as the
section 2. This section contains five prin- President has designated it. If he chooses
ciples, including the U.S. desire to. pre- to change the title, he may do so under
serve and promote friendly relations with the-authority we provide, or it could be
Taiwan, to maintain peace and stability some other entity if he so chooses.
in the Western Pacific, and to maintain
a friendly commercial and cultural rela-
tionship, as well as other relationships,
between the United States and Taiwan.
May I call attention to principle 4,
which is found on page 2, line 21 of the
bill. Principle 4 states that Taiwan's
future must be determined through
peaceful means without prejudice to the
well-being of the people on Taiwan.
The next principle, principle 5, is just
as important. This principle 5 states that
any armed attack against Taiwan, or
use of force, boycott, or embargo to pre-
vent Taiwan from engaging in trade with
other nations, would be a threat to the
peace and stability of the Western
Pacific area and of grave concern to the
United States.
Mr. Chairman, title I, which follows,
spells out how and what we will do to
carry out the policies spelled out in sec-
tion 2. We will continue to provide de-
fense articles and services to Taiwan for
its defense against armed attack, and if
any danger to the U.S. interests arise
through any threat to Taiwan's security,
the United States will take appropriate
action.
With this combination of provisions, I
submit that we have provided strong as-
surances for Taiwan's future. We are
making it absolutely plain that we will
not tolerate any armed attack or use of
force against Taiwan.
Certainly we cannot precisely say in
advance just what the United States will
do if such an attack or use of force were
^ 1135 _
Under section 203, U.S. Government
personnel can be temporarily separated
from Government service so they can
work for this entity. Under section 204,
the personnel of this entity will be able
to engage in activities to protect and
serve American persons and businesses
on Taiwan in the same way U.S. consul-
ates help U.S. citizens abroad in coun-
tries where we have- diplomatic re-
lations.
March 8, 1979
COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS,
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
Washington, D.C., March 7
1979
,
.
Hon. AL ULLMAN,
Chairman, Committee on Ways and Means,
U.S. House of Representatives, Washing-
ton, D.C.
DEAR AL: Thank you for your letter con-
cerning H.R. 2479, the United States-Taiwan
Relations Act.
We on the Foreign Affairs Committee are
very appreciative of the advice and assistance
rendered to us by your staff, and by the
staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation,
following my February 22 letter to you con-
cerning this legislation. We were pleased
to accept their suggestions in toto includ-
ing a provision which we approved in H.R.
2479 and language in the report on the
bill.
In regard to the Tariff Schedules of the
United States, I am glad to confirm that
your understanding and assumption are
correct: namely, that H.R. 2479 does not
amend or change in any way the Tariff
Schedules of the United States which were
in effect immediately prior to the changed
status of Taiwan. Section 201(b)(1) of H.R.
2479 states that the absence of diplomatic
relations and governmental recognition with
respect to Taiwan "shall not affect the ap-
plication of the laws of the United States
with respect to Taiwan" and that U.S. laws
"shall apply with respect to Taiwan in the
manner that the laws of the United States
applied with respect to Taiwan prior to
January 1, 1979." Section 205(l) defines
"laws of the United States" as including
any statute, rule, regulation, ordinance,
order, or judicial rule of decision of the
United States. . ." Thus H.R. 2479 clearly
does not amend or change the Tariff Sched-
ules, and you may assure Members of Your
Committee that nothing in this legislation
either explicitly or by inference would au-
thorize the President unilaterally to change
any of the tariff and trade relationships pro-
vided under statute immediately prior to
the changed status of Taiwan. Indeed, a
major function of this bill is to assure that
I have been asked whether there is there will be no change in the application
provision in this bill for congressional of U.S. laws and that Taiwan will continue
oversight over and for Government au- to be treated under U.S. law as it was prior
to January 1, 1979.
diting of the proposed new American en- Thank you again for your interest and
tity on Taiwan. The answer is yes-be- cooperation in this matter.
cause all -U.S.'laws will continue to apply, With best wishes, I remain,
and they may be applied specifically to Sincerely yours,
this entity as if it were an agency of
the U.S. Government. The entity will be
funded by contract from State Depart-
Chairman.
COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS,
U
S
H
.
.
OUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
mittees of the Congress will continue to
Washington, D.C., March 6, 1979.
have the same funding and oversight Hon. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI,
authority over the entity as they did be- Chairman, Committee on Foreign Affairs,
fore over the Embassy in Taiwan. The U.S. House of Representatives,
two Appropriations Committees will have Hon. RICHARD BOLLING,
the same in regards to appropriations. Chairman, Committee on Rules,
The GAO will have its same investigative U.S. House of Representatives.
DEAR MR. CHAIRMEN: I am writing with ref-
power as with any other Government erence to H.R. 2479, the United States-Tai-
contract, and so forth. wan Relations Act, which the Committee
At this point, Mr. Chairman, may I on Foreign Affairs favorably reported on
express my appreciation for the help March 3, 1979, and with respect to which the
given to us by the Ways and Means Committee on Rules conducted a hearing this
Committee in connection with this bill. morning for arule for consideration of the
I will include in the RECORD an exchange bill trueson the floor of the House of Representa-
of letters between Chairman ULLMAN and .
myself
I will in
l
d
l
tt
o
.
c
u
e
e
ers, not only reviewed
the reported bill and has directed
to occur because that will, of course, have from Chairman ULLMAN, but from the me to advise you that the income tax aspects
to depend on the circumstances. In any chairmen of other committees, the Com- of the reported bill appear to be acceptable
case, what we would do would be under mittee on Post Office and. Civil Service, both from the standpoint of technical draft-
the constitutional process, which is the for example, and other letters that we ing and substantive policy.
same way we have acted or would have had received, clarifying the positions and However, the Committee also instructed
acted under a treaty. However, in my the policies that are in this legislation me to make it clear that it is the Commit-
personal view, the very least the United which could be interpreted to be within tee's understanding and assumption that this
States should do under such circum- the jurisdiction of other committees of bill duee not amend or change the Tariff
stances is to withdraw recognition of the the House. in effect t immediately prior to the changed
The letters are as follows: status of Taiwan. In particular, Members of
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 March 8, 1979
the Committee expressed their concern that
there be nothing in this legislation which
either explicitly or by inference would au-
thorize the President unilaterally to change
any of the tariff and trade relationships pro-
vided under statute immediately prior to the'
changed status of Taiwan.
Further, the Committee on Ways and
Means wishes to emphasize that, in under-
taking to cooperate fully with the evident
expedited schedule set by the Committee on
Foreign Affairs for consideration of this legis-
lation, its favorable action this date should
in no way be interpreted as a concession of
any part of its jurisdiction over legislation
affecting taxation or revenues, or of any part
of its jurisdiction relating to trade and
tariffs.
AL ULLMAN,
Chairman.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECO
D-HOUSE H 1151
other body's bill the policy statement yond the administration's original legis-
protect the more than 17'mil-
portions are within various sections of lion lation .
the bill.
Another difference is that the bill from Most importantly, the bill reflects the
the other body names the United States committee's concerns over many of the
as an "Institute." H.R. 2479 is silent in deficiencies of the administration's
that respect. The bill in the other body original legislative request-deficiencies
refers to the people on Taiwan repeat- which could have been corrected at even
edly. The bill before us, Mr. Chairman, an earlier date given more informed con-
dminis-
th
b
e a
y
refers directly to Taiwan, as defined by gressional consultation
what we mean by Taiwan and who are tration.
the people that we are referring to, in- As my colleagues well know, if the ad-
n-
h th
C
ernmental control over Taiwan in the
section in the legislation dealing with
definitions. The bill before us repeatedly
takes into account the need for main-
taining without change the legal, as dis-
tinguished from diplomatic, framework
within which the private sector operates
and which covers the major area of daily
dealings with Taiwan.
El 1140
The bill in the other body is silent in
this respect. The bill before us provides
clearly that the employees of the U.S.
entity in Taiwan will have all of the con-
sular type authorities so that they will
be able to assist and protect U.S. citizens,
aid in promoting commerce, and so forth,
just as consular officers in countries with
whom we have diplomatic relations.
The House Foreign Affairs Committee
bill specifically includes boycott and em-?
bargo actions against Taiwan, as matters
which would be of grave concern to the
United States. In this respect, H.R. 2479
also differ with the legislation reported
out of the committee of the other body
for consideration by that body.
Mr. Chairman, finally the bill before
us includes the Embassy in Washington
among the Republic of China property
which would continue to be in Taiwan
hands: The bill in the. other body does
not include this provision.
Again, Mr. Chairman, I submit this is
a well-thought-out bill. The committee
worked many, many weeks;. held long
o
e
ministration had consulted wit
gress before-during the normalization
arrangement-we may have been able to
better insure the way in which United
States-Taiwan relations would eventually
be conducted. Nevertheless, with the
legislation we have before us today, the
committee has in several significant ways
improved upon the administration's posi-
tion concerning our relations with Tai-
wan.
I believe that this legislation strength-
ens the administration's bill-which did
not sufficiently address the broader con-
cern for the peace and security of Tai-
wan. In particular, the Broomfield
amendment, which received broad 'bi-
partisan support in the committee, im-
proves the administration's legislative
provisions concerning threats to the se-
curity of Taiwan, stating that beyond an
armed attack, any economic boycott or
embargo to prevent Taiwan from engag-
ing in trade with other nations would also
be a threat to the security of Taiwan.
Moreover, title I of the legislation re-
quires the President to promptly inform
the Congress of anticipated dangers to
Taiwan. In this regard, it is the commit-
tee's intent that the President should in-
form the Congress of anticipated dangers
and should not await their actual occur-
rence. Information relevant to the provi-
sions of this bill would include the de-
velopment of a military capability that
might threaten Taiwan, deployment of
armed forces in positions that could
threaten Taiwan and any perceived in-
U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
COMMITTEE ON POST OFFICE AND
CIVIL SERVICE,
Washington, D.C., March 2, 1979.
Hon. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI,
Chairman, Committee on Freign Affairs, U.S.
House of Representatives, Washington,
D.C.
DEAR CLEM: Thank you for your letter of
March 1, 1979, concerning certain provisions
of H.R. 2479 ("United States-Taiwan Rela-
tions Act") which pertain to matters within
the jurisdiction of this Committee.
Under section 203 of the bill, any employee
of a Federal agency may be separated from
Government service for a specified period, for
the purpose of accepting employment with
the nongovernmental entity established un-
der the bill to conduct dealings of the United
States Government with Taiwan. An em-
ployee who is so separated is entitled to be
reemployed by his former agency in an ap-
propriate position without loss of rights or
benefits. While employed with the new en-
tity, the employee may continue to partici-
pate in any employee benefit program, such
as retirement, life insurance and health in-
surance programs, but only tq the extent
that the appropriate employee and employer
contributions to the programs are made.
As you pointed out in your letter, our
Committee could request the Speaker'to se-
quentially refer H.R. 2479 to this Committee
for the purpose of considering those provi-
sions which pertain to matters under our
jurisdiction. However, I understand that ex-
peditious consideration of this legislation is
necessary to ensure uninterrupted relations
between the United States and Taiwan and
that consideration of the measure by the
House has been scheduled for next week. In
view of these facts, our Committee will in-
terpose no objection to consideration of H.R.
2479, provided that such action is not con-
strued as relinquishment of jurisdiction over
the employees to whom section 200 of the
bill applies.
I would appreciate the inclusion of this
letter in your Committee's report on H.R.
2479.
With kind regards.
Sincerely,
JAMES M. HANLEY, Chairman.
This legislation, as I said at the very
beginning, is very, very necessary. I have
also been asked: What is the difference
between the bill that is before us and the
legislation that is being considered in the
other body?
Let me at the very outset say, without
assuming to be too.immodest, that the
bill we present to the Members is struc-
tured better. The bill that we present to
the Members has the policy statement
relating to the security of the United
States and of Taiwan at the very begin-
ning,. and it is clearly spelled out. In the
' level at the subcommittee level as well. and prosperity on Taiwan. Such informa-?
Our colleague from New York, the chair- tion would also include actions or antic-
man of the Subcommittee on Asia and ipated actions of an economic nature,
the Pacific, Congressman LESTER WOLFF, such as a boycott or embargo, which
likewise had extensive of hearings. The would also be a threat to Taiwan. This
committee come to this body with a piece section of the bill also specifies that in the
of legislation that we are proud of, and event such information is received, the
one that we hope and expect the House President-and the Congress-shall de-
overwhelming approve Mr. Chairman, termine an appropriate response in ac-
urge the House to support the bill H.R. cordance with constitutional processes.
2479. The committee also strengthened the
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I administration's initial bill in other
yield myself such time as I may consume. ways. The administration's legislation,
(Mr. BROOMFIELD asked and was for example, did not provide sufficient
given permission to revise and extend his emphasis to assure the continuation of a
remarks.) broad range of private commercial, cul-
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I tural, and nongovernmental activities
fully endorse the comments of my distin- which constitute an important exchange
guished colleague, Mr. ZARLOCKI, H.R. in the relationship between Taiwan and
2479, the legislation we have before us the United States. As a result, distin-
today, reflects our deep concern for the guished members and staff of our com-
security needs and economic freedom of mittee were constructive in providing
the people of Taiwan, as well as the na- language to better protect America's
tional security interests of the United commercial interests on Taiwan. More-
States in the.Western Pacific. In partic- over, the committee-in again improving
ular, the bill, under the diligent direction the administration's bill-acted to pro-
of the chairman of the committee and tect the Embassy property of the Re-
receiving the broad bipartisan support of public of China.
our Members, takes significant steps be- Because of the administration's origi-
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H 1152 CONGRESSIONAL - RECORD HOUSE Mrsrrh A says
nal legislation, as well as the President's minutes to the gentleman from New (Mr. LAGOMARSINO asked and was
lack of consultation with `the Congress York. Permission
given and our ally, Taiwan-in relation to the Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman his remarks.to revise and extend
specific normalization arrangement and yield? Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman, I
the changes in continuation of our Mr. STRATTON. I yield to the chair- would like to begin my remarks by con-
Mutual Defense Treaty-I am deeply man, the gentleman from Wisconsin. gratulating Chairman ZABLOCKI, of the
concerned about the kinds of signals Mr. ZABLOCKI. I thank the gentle- full committee, and Chairman WOLFF of
which the President has sent to our man for yielding. the Asian Affairs Subcommittee, for their
friends and allies abroad. In this regard, I wish to advise the gentleman from remarkable work on this legislation, H.R.
I sincerely believe that H.R. 2479 can New York, first of all, that I thank him 2479. I know that they put a lot of their
help to restore certain concerns which for asking the question. I wish to assure own time and effort into the legislation,
the Congress has had in relation to the him that our committee was just as con- and they have really made the entire
security and economic freedom of our cerned that nuclear nonproliferation issue much clearer and easier to under-
friends and allies and in particular, safeguards and the laws of the United stand. There is simply no comparison be-
Taiwan. States in relation. to nuclear supply be tween this bill and the earlier blank check
In conclusion, I believe that the Com- abided by. I call the attention of the gen- that the State Department proposed; it is
mittee on Foreign Affairs has developed tleman to page 4 of the bill, section (b) a substantial improvement.
a bill which is a significant improvement which clearly states that the laws of the i know that one of the primary con-
over the administration's request. In United States that applied to Taiwan on cerns of both chairmen-which I share-
light of these legislative improvements, January 1, 1979, will continue to apply involves our new relations with the Re-
I urge my colleagues to favorably sup- in the future. Furthermore, on the same public of China. Unfortunately this bill
port H.R. 2479. page in the same subparagraph (c) the gives an ambiguous description of how
^ 1145 bill contains the following language: those relations are to be carried out. The
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I (c) All treaties and other international current phrasing is that a "nongovern-
yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from agreements which were in force between the mental entity" will be established to han-
New York (Mr. STRATTON) . United States and the Republic of China on dle relations between the United States
(Mr. STRATTON asked and was given December 31, 1978, shall continue .... and the Republic of China.
permission to revise and extend his The committee, being concerned, as the With all due respect to the advocates
remarks.) gentleman's committee and the gentle- of ambiguity, I would like to suggest that
Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Chairman, I want men have indicated, has consulted at we make congressional intentions quite
to thank the chairman of the full com- length with the Department of State and clear. First, I think it is important to have
mittee for yielding to me. legal counsel, the General Counsel's of- specific language which calls for some
I take this time to raise a question lice of the Nuclear Regulatory Commis- kind of government-to-government rela-
which I am not sure has been addressed sion. As a result, the committee has as- tions. The Republic of China has been
by the committee. sured itself that this legislation will per- our ally for the past 30. years: we have
As the chairman is aware, the Com- mit the NRC to make the required find- important economic ties with them, and
mittee on Armed Services, and par- ings under the Atomic Energy Act which they occupy an area of strategic impor-
ticularly the chairman of the Committee are necessary for continued export. tance. It is not in our interests or in the
on Armed Services, the gentleman from Second, the committee has been as- interests of the Taiwan authorities to
Illinois (Mr. PRICE), have been concerned sured that the IAEA will continue to have no formal relations between our
for many years with the implications of safeguard Taiwan's nuclear facilities. 2 countries. A liasion office on Taiwan
nuclear energy and with the problem of Third, if the gentleman will further will not cause irreparable damage to our
proliferation. It is my understanding Yield, the committee has been assured relations with Peking. It would be symet-
that in the course of a number of years that all special understandings, agree- rical-giving the Republic of China the
in the past we have transferred nuclear ments, and peaceful-use guarantees will same status that the Peoples Republic of
fuel to Taiwan, large amounts of en- continue in force. Members of the com- China had until recently.
riched uranium for the generation of nu- mittee with special expertise on nonpro- I intend to propose an amendment sug-
clear power, and things of that kind. liferation issues have discussed various gesting to the President consideration
Under the previous arrangement, the aspects of these matters in private ses- of withdrawal of recognition if the Peo-
International Atomic Energy Committee sions with officials of the Department of ple's Republic of China threatens Tai-
had authority to conduct onsite inspec- State. wan or the nearby islands. Lately Peking
tions in Taiwan, as a nation, to see In the long run we were assured and officials seem to think that U.S. recogni-
whether they were carrying out the we believe that continued U.S. supply tion is a license for behaving irrespon-
terms of the transfer and of the non- under terms consistent with the Nuclear sibly. We must correct that impression
proliferation treaty. Nonproliferation Act will provide the in the strongest possible terms. Our
I am concerned that if, under this best possible framework for assuring that re-ognition of the People's Republic of
new arrangement, we no longer regard atomic energy is used only for peaceful China should not be viewed as tacit
them as a nation, whether, first of all, purposes. approval of the Chinese invasion of Viet-
they are going to be ? bound by these This legislation is the vehicle which nam, nor as license for aggressive activ-
commitments for onsite inspection and will make it possible for the continua- ity elsewhere in Asia.
also are going to be subject to the inspec- tiori of those assurances. This amendment would show the Peo-
tion and safeguards of the International Mr. STRATTON. I wonder if the gen- pie's Republic of China that the United
Atomic Energy Agency, and finally tleman could say whether the present States is vitally concerned about their
whether we ourselves will be retaining government on Taiwan has also given us behavior, and it would put some teeth
any capability for onsite inspection in their assurances that they will continue into our policy with China. We simply
Taiwan. to abide by these arrangements. cannot sit by and let Peking upset deli-
It would .be ironic indeed if an ad- Mr. ZABLOCKI. If the gentleman will Cate areas of the world without express-
ministration which has been so con- yield further, I am advised that the pres- ing our Taiwan. , particularly should it
cerned about the problems of nuclear ent government on Taiwan in making affect Taiwan. President Carter says
proliferation
proliferation by this action of break- the agreement has assured us that they that, at least in part, his decision to rec-
off our diplomatic relations were vir- will keep and continue to cooperate with ognize the People's Republic of China
tually to place Taiwan in a position the United States on agreements made, was based on his understanding the Peo-
where they could develop their own in- Mr. STRATTON. I thank the gentle- ple's Republic of China would not attack
dependent nuclear capability without man for his assurances, and feel consid- reverse could be true aesawell, thhatti,
any outside restraints. erably relieved.
^ 1150, ^ 1155 derecognition.
people seem to agree that the real
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen- Mr. BROOMFIELD. W. Chairman, I threattto
Taiwan is an economic boycott
tleman has expired. yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from or embargo of some sort by the People's
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield 2 additional California (Mr. LAGOMARSINO). Republic of China. I supported an
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECO
amendment in the committee saying that
these threats would be to the "security
interests" of the United States but a ma-
jority of the committee decided that this
would actually be of "grave concern,"
which to me is a convenient way to duck
the issue. Everything seems to be of
"grave concern" to us these days. We
should not hesitate to state our strong -
interests in continuing to trade with
Taiwan. It is definitely in the "security
interests" of the United States to main-
tain that trade, to say nothing of the
physical security of the island.
In connection with this, I would like
to add my voice to those advocatiing con-
tinued arms sale to Taiwan. I was dis-
j.ressed to learn that the President is
.hesitating to permit, sales of sophisti-
cated defense equipment to the Republic
of China, such as all-weather fighter air-
craft, to say nothing of the belated an-
nouncement of a 1-year moratorium on
arms sales. Maybe President Carter is
concerned that the people on Taiwan will
actually attempt an invasion of the main-
land. Maybe he believes that arms sales
would offend the People's Republic of
China.
In either case, I think it is important
for Congress to signal its concern that
appropriate arms sales continue. If Presi-
dent Carter is going to abrogate the de-
fense treaty with Taiwan, the least we
can do Is sell arms to the willing buyers
on Taiwan.
Another concern that I expressed in
the committee hearings involves the Re-
public of China Embassy. As you know.
the bill currently recognizes continued
ROC ownership of the' Twin Oaks Em-
bassy in Washington. This is an essen-
tial provision for two reasons:
First, it is a clear signal to the Re-
public' of China that they still have
friends in the United States. At the very
least,. the ROC officials should be per-
mitted to stay in the building they have
occupied for the last 30 years.
Second, the provision represents Con-
gress' views that there is absolutely no
continuity between the policies of the
People's Republic of China and the Re-
public of China. If the People's Republic
of China were to occupy a building that
had been used by the Republic of China
a few months earlier, some people might
think that this is just a continuation of
..relations, which it is not.
This provision of the bill provides
Congress with the opportunity to reject
the abandonment of Taiwan ; I certain-
ly hope we take advantage of it.
Finally, I would like to make a com-
ment for the record which concerns Sen-
ator. GOLDWATER'S lawsuit against the
President. I want observers to under-
stand that in my view none of this de-
bate should be construed as congres-
sional approval of the President's uni-
lateral abrogation of the Taiwan De-
fense Treaty. It is simply action which
is devoted to dealing with the reality of
establishing new channels to communi-
cate with the Republic of China.
^ 1200
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I
yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
North Carolina (Mr. ROSE).
D - HO U51E 1HI 1153
(Mr. ROSE asked and was given per-
mission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. ROSE. Mr. Chairman, I would like
to ask the chairman of the Committee on
Foreign Affairs, the gentleman from
Wisconsin (Mr. ZABLOCKI), a question
concerning an important institution ' in
Taiwan. Is the gentleman familiar with
the Taipei American School in Taiwan?
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. ROSE. I yield to the gentleman
from Wisconsin.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Yes, I am, Mr. Chair-
man. I am very impressed with that par-
ticular school and with some of the
other schools we have throughout the
world.
Mr. ROSE. Mr. Chairman, I thank the
gentleman for that comment.
I have a concern over the future of
this school-which I would like to share
-with my colleagues. If we agree to estab-
lish the American Institute in Taiwan
to handle American interests on that is-
land, I would hope that we would also be
asserting that we intend for the Insti-
tute to continue to support the Taipei
American School as well.
This school, which has been operating
on Taiwan for over 25 years, has served
as a leader in Asian American schools.
The staff and students have enjoyed an
innovative curriculum anti cultural ex-
change program which have served to
enhance our mutual relations with the
people of Taiwan.
In addition, Mr. Chairman, this school
has served the children of American mis-
sionaries, American technicians, Amer-
ican corporations, and diplomatic per-
sonnel.
I will insert in the RECORD at this point
a partial list of the corporations and
foundations which operate in Taiwan,
as well as a brief description of the
school. The material is as follows:
Taipei American School Is a private school
founded in 1949 by parents seeking an Amer-
ican-style education for their children. From
humble beginnings in a rented room with 8
students and one teacher, TAS has expanded
to its present 20.6 acre campus located in
the north Taipei suburb of Shihlin.
The school is owned by the parents and
governed by an elected nine member Board
of Directors. The elementary school encom-
passes Early Childhood Education through
grade 6 and the secondary school Includes
grades 7-12.
Broad goals for TAB established by a com-
munity committee place emphasis on basic
skills, desire to learn, self-understanding,
and appreciation of others.
Basic skills in language and math are
stressed throughout the program. The ele-
mentary school uses the Ginn 360 reading
series, the Laidlaw language arts series, and
the Scott-Freeman mathematics series. The
secondary program is basically college pre-
paratory. Secondary students are required to
take four years of English. Two years of math
are required in grades 7-12 with pre-algebra
through trigonometry courses offered. A pro-
gram in English as a 'Second Language is
available at all grade levels to increase Eng-
lish proficiency for non-native English-
speaking students.
TAB seeks to foster a desire to learn. Ele-
mentary students participate in enrichment
courses in art, music, library, P.E., and
Chinese culture taught by specialists. Four
resource teachers augment the instructional
program by working with classroom teachers
in developing alternatives for extended learn-
ing. The Science Resource Teacher has a
complete science laboratory. Other resource
teachers specialize in learning skills and ESL.
No program is available for special education
or for assistance with serious learning dis-
abilities.
The secondary school augments the regu-
lar program with electives such as humani-
ties, Instrumental and vocal music, wood-
shop, mechanics, photography, and jewelry.
Students may study French, Spanish, Chi-
nese, and German in the Foreign Language
program. Many extra-curricular activities en-
courage participation with over 25 clubs and
organizations available on campus as well as
numerous competitive sports programs.
An integral part of the program is the de-
velopment of self-understanding, self-disci-
pline, and self-respect. Each teacher strives
to effect these goals by creating a 'positive
classroom environment. A complete counsel-
ing program complements this effort at all
levels with special services available in
speech and testing.
Taipei American School also offers a chance
for students to profit from their stay in a
foreign country through a study of Chinese
language?and culture. Asian studies are re-
quired for elementary students and elective
for secondary students. Cultural activities
incorporate numerous field trips and visits
from local artists and craftsmen.
U.S. CORPORATIONS AND FOUNDATIONS
OPERATING IN TAIWAN
Adams (Taiwan) Ltd.
Admiral Overseas Corp.
AFL9 Worldwide Insurance.
A. H. Robins int'l Co. (Taiwan) Branch.
Air Asia Co., Ltd.
Air Associates Ltd.
Air Market Express H.K. Ltd.
Allied Artists of China Inc.
Allied Engineering Service.
Allied Transportation & Trading Corp.
Amrican Airlines, Inc.
American Bureau of Shipping.
American Expres Intl Banking Corp..
American.Int'l Underwriters Ltd.
American Meat Packing Co. (Taiwan) Ltd.
American President Lines Ltd.
Amerex Intl Ltd. (]'i.K.)
Ampex Taiwan Ltd.
Anico Agencies H.K. Ltd.
Arvin (Taiwan) Ltd.'
The Apia Foundation ROC office.
Asia Silicone Ltd.
Asia Tourist Co., Ltd.
Atari Inc. U.S.A.
Atlas Taiwan Corp.
Ault & Wiborg Co.
Babcock and Wilcox.
Baker & McKenzie.
Bank of America.
Bank of. California.
Bankers Trust Co.
Bechtel Int'l.
Berkley Int'l Co., Ltd.
Better Electronics Corps:
Boyden Far East Ltd.
Boehringer Ineeiheim Taiwan Ltd.
Bourland Insurance.
Bristol-Myers (Taiwan) Ltd.
Bushnell Enterprises Ltd.
Bernzomatic Int'l Corp.
Beverage Marketing Inc.
Caltex (Asia) Ltd.
Cambridge Advertising Co.. Ltd.
Oapetronic Int'l Corp.
Cargill Taiwan Coro.
Central Packing & Shipping.
Certified Electronics Ltd.
Champion Building Products.
Charment Enterprises Co.
The Chase Manhattan Bank Taipei Branch.
Chemical Bank Taipei Branch.
China American Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
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H 1154 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 8, 1979
The China Badger.
Chi
Hsing Ta Marble & Cement.
Rainier National Bank
na Commercial Service Systems Inc.
Chin
Pl
G
i
t
Hsin Ho Co., Ltd.
.
Raychem Far East Inc
T
i
a
u
g
as
ics Corp.
Chi
I
d
t
Hughs Aircraft International
.,
a
wan.
RCA Purchasin
Co
N
V
na
n
us
rial Management Co., Ltd.
IBM Taiwan Corp.
g
.,
.
.
RCA Taiwan Ltd
Chung Teh Co., Ltd.
I
IBM World Trade Asia Corp.
.
Ren's Motorhome Ltd
C.
.T.C. Industries Inc.
i
i
ICC Trading (Taiwan) Ltd.
.
Resonance Int'1 C
t
C
corp/Citibank
Cli
t
Inland Storage Distribution Center.
orp.
Richey Electronics Ltd
n
on Taiwan Corp.
Institute of Cultural Affairs.
.
Richman Bros
C
Continental Camera Corp.
C
Int'1 Engineers (Taiwan) Corp.
.
o.
ROC Spicer Ltd
ontinental Illinois National Bank & Trust
C
Int'l Executive Service Corps.
.
Roche (Taiwan
C
Lt
o. of Chicago.
Int'l Insaection & Testing Corp.
)
o.,
d.
Royal House of L
Control Data Far East Inc. Taiwan Branch.
C
International Tableware Industrial Corp
ee.
San Yan
Industries
ornell-Dubilier Electronics (Taiwan) Inc.
Z
.
Inter Nuclear Consultants Ltd.
g
.
Schering Taiwan Ltd
Carl
eiss Asahi Taiwan Ltd.
C
ti
Irving Trust Co.
.
Schmidt & Co
(Tai
orve
ne Shipping (Taiwan) Ltd.
ITT Unitron Industries Corp.
Ltd
.
wan).
Sco
e Im
ort
I
Crown Pacific Ltd.
C
,
.
ITW Paktron, Ltd.
p
p
s
nc.
Sea Land Service I
TS Components Taiwan Ltd.
C
id T
i
Jacky.Maeder (Taiwan) Ltd.
nc.
Seattle First National B
k
T
yanam
a
wan Corp.
Ci
l
Ai
f
Jacobson Van Den Berg.
an
-
aipei.
Sears
Roebuck Ove
I
rc
e
r
reight Intl.
Colli
t
S
I
'
Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd
,
rseas,
nc.
Security Pacific Nation
l B
ns
ys
ems
nt
l.
D
h Ch
.
Johnson & Anderson Inc
Consultin
E
i
a
ank.
SGS Far East Ltd
a
en Construction & Engineering Co.,
Ltd.
.
g
ng
-
neers.
.
Seel International (USA) Ltd.
Daiphone Int'l Ltd.
Johnson & Higgins, Inc. Taiwan Branch.
SGV Soong & Co.
De Leuw, Cather Int'l.
Joliette Assoc. Ltd.
Shaxon Int'l Ltd.
DHL Intl (Taiwan) Ltd.
Kearns Int'1.
Shihlin-Kimberly Corp.
Dimerco Express Corp.
Kirkwood, Kaplan, Russin & Vecchi.
Simmons Int'l Ltd.
Diamond Shamrock Taiwan Ltd.
KLM Royal Dutch Airlines.
Singer Industries (Taiwan) Ltd.
Digital Equipment Taiwan Ltd.
Knowles Electronics Taiwan Ltd.
Silo Corp.
Diversified Design Disciplines.
Kodak (Far East) Ltd.
Sits, World Travel (Taiwan) Inc.
Dulux Paint Co., Ltd.
Kresge K. Mart Ltd.
Southeast Engineering Corp.
Dupont Far East Inc.
Lai Fu Trading Co., Ltd.
Branch.
Dynamar (Taiwan) Ltd.
LarkInt'l (Taiwan) Ltd.
Sprague Taiwan Corp.
East & West P.A.
Lien Hwa Industries Corp.
Squibb (Far East) Ltd.
Eastwall Alliance (China) Ltd.
Lien Tung Ltd.
S. T. Chiang & Co.
Ebasco Overseas Corp.
Lion Rock Ltd.
Sterling Products Int'l Inc.
EDP Taiwan and Management Consultant
3M Taiwan Ltd.
Su Chiang & Co., Ltd.
Incorp.
Mallory Taiwan Ltd.
Sueling Inc. (Taiwan).
Ekman & Co., Ltd.
Manow Int'i Corp.
Sung-I Industries Ltd.
Electronic Memories & Magnetics (Taiwan)
May Department Store Int'l.
Sylvania.Philco Taiwan Corp.
Corp.
Mfgs. Hanover Trust Co.
Taipei American School.
Eli Lilly & Co. (Taiwan) Inc.
Mardel, Ltd.
Tait & Co., Ltd.
Engineering Consulting Group,
Maritime Transportation Agencies Ltd.
Taita Chemical Co., Ltd.
Erik Industries.
E & S Original.
Marsh & McLennan Taiwan Ltd.
Mattel, Ltd. (Taiwan).
Tai Teh Umbrella Ltd.
Taiwan First Investment & Trust Co., Ltd.
Esso Eastern Inc.
Merril, Lynch, Pierce. Fanner A, Gmiti, Th-
Taiwan Int'l Patent & Law Office.
Everett Shipping Agencies.
Taiwan Mfgs. Ltd.
Pa Tai Chemicals Co., Ltd.
Midland Overseas Ltd.
Taiwan Maritime Co., Ltd.
Fairchild Semiconductor (Taiwan) Ltd.
Federeal Plastic Manufacturing Co
(Tai-
Miller Ski Co., Ltd. (Taiwan).
Mitsui & Co., Ltd.
Taiwan Motor United Co., Ltd.
Taiwan Orchid Express. Ltd.
.
wan) Ltd.
Th
Fl
i
Mobile Petroleum Co., Inc.
Taiwan Polypropylene Co., Ltd.
Taiwan Scott Paper Cor
e
y
ng Tiger Line Inc.
For
t
Monsanto Far East Ltd.
p.
Taiwan Synthetic Rubber Cor
emos
Dairies (Taiwan) Ltd.
F
Morse Shoe Inc.
p.
Taiwan Tradin
Cor
USA
ord Lio Ho Motor Co., Ltd.
Fo
m
A
Motorola Asia Ltd.
g
p.
.
Taiwan United States Industries C
Lt
r
osa
ristos Inc.
F
f
Nakufreight (Taiwan) Ltd.
o.,
d.
Taiwan Upland Industrie
In
os
orus (Taiwan) Corp.
Fu Ter H
Nalco-Tairen Chemical Co., Ltd.
s
c.
Teh Hua Chemical & Pharmaceuti
l C
ong Trading Co., Ltd.
0
Nan Shan Life Insurance Co., Ltd.
ca
o.,
Ltd
& S Metal Products Inc.
National Office Equipment Corp.
.
Teled
ne Int'l Ma
k
ti
GEM Inc.
Gener
l El
Nankang Coachyard (British Rail Engi-
y
r
e
ng.,
Texas Instruments Taiwan Ltd
a
ectric Intl Operations Co., Inc.
neering).
.
Texas Instrum
t
S
Taiwan.
G
National Distillers Co., Ltd.
en
s
upply Co.
TMX Taiwan Ltd
eneral Electric Technical Services Co.,
National Office Equipment Corp. (NRC)
.
Toronto Domi
i
B
Inc. .
G
l
Northrop-Aircraft Group.
n
on
ank.
Tradepower (Taiwan
Ltd
enera
Instrument of Taiwan Ltd.
Gen
l I
Northwest Airliner, Inc.
)
.
Trans Mediterranean Airwa
s
era
nstrument Microelectronics Tai-
.
National Semiconductor Hong
y
.
Trans World El
t
ni
C
wan Ltd.
G
e
Taiwan Office
ec
ro
cs
o., Ltd.
TRW Electronics Com
onents Co
erman R
medies Taiwan Ltd.
G
Oak Far East Corp.
p
.
TTC Equipment & Service Ltd
erber Industries Inc.
Get
B
Oak Material Taiwan Ltd.
.
Union Carbide Eastern Taiwan Offic
z
ros. & Co., Inc.
Gilb
Oakwood International Corp.
e.
Union Carbide Formosa Co
Ltd
ert Assoc. Inc.
G
Oceanic Exploration Co., (Taiwan)
.,
.
Union Pacific Railroad Co
oodyear Taiwan Ltd.
GN
.
Orchard Corporation of America
.
United Artists of China In
J Far East Co., Ltd.
G
.
The Orchard Corp. of Taiwan Ltd
c.
United California Bank
race & Juliett Co., Ltd.
G
.
Orient Pacific Int'l.
.
United Exporters & Co:
Ltd
rant K & E Ltd.
G
Oriental Union Chemical Corp
,
.
United States Line
I
reat American
Co., Ltd
.
Orion Industries, Taiyan, Ltd.
s
nc.
United States Trade Center.
.
G
Otis Elevator Co.
Universal Tradin
C
Ltd
reen Giant Co.
G
'
Pacific Chemicals (Taiwan) Ltd
g
o.,
.
Upjohn Int'l
Inc
rumman Int
i Inc.
G
.
Pacific Glass Corp.
.
.
USI Far East Cor
rundig Taiwan Co.
GTE Taiwan.
Pan American World Airways Inc.
p.
Int'l. Communication Agency.
G
lf O
Pan Asai Consulting Engineers
Ltd
U
S
Summit C
T
i
u
il Corp.
G
t
'
,
.
Parson Corp -
.
.
orp.
a
wan office.
Warner Bros In
rea
Wealth Int
l Co.
GEC T
Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co.
c.
Universal Financial C
Ltd
K
ransportation Projects
H
i
Sh
Petwood Int'l Ltd,
o.,
. H.
.
Wesco Produ
t
C
a
go
en & Assoc.
Harris G
h
Pfizer Ltd.
c
s
o., Ltd.
Westin
house Elect
i
S
A
ra
am & Partners Ltd.
Herbert Kee Ltd
Philips Electronics Building Element In.
g
r
c
.
.
William Hunt & Co
. dustries.
Hercules Tai
.
Winthro
Lab
(Taiw
B
wan Co., Ltd.
Hewlett-Packa
d F
Philips Taiwan Ltd.
p
.
an
ranch).
Whashin Ti
er Leasin
I
r
ar East Ltd
Hilton Hotel.
Phillips Petroleum Int'l Inc.
g
g
nc.
Wrigley Taiwan Ltd.
Hong Kong Mercantile Ind
Phillips Brothers Ocianic Inc.
Watanmal Boolchand & Co.
Ltd
.
Hong Kong Teakwood (Taiwan) Ltd.
Presto (Taiwan) Ltd.
Price Waterhouse & Co.
,
.
Western Offshore Drilling & Exploration
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 Approved For Release 2008/10/27: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100050013-8
March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD _ HO1JSE H 1155
Western Wheat Assoc. U.S.A. Inc. of our Nation, because never before has tinue to recognize Taiwan. I personally
Y. Chen & Co, Ltd. a President of the United States uni- disagree with the recognition of Red
Young Brothers Enterprises, Inc. laterally rejected one of our longstand- China but that is not the question here.
Zenith Taiwan Corp. ing allies in favor of a Communist dic- The certain question that we must face
ZIM Israel Navigation Co., Ltd. tatorship that has been responsible for in the process of amending this legisla-
OTHER MULTI-NATIONAL COMPANIES IN TAIWAN the deaths of 20 to 40 million of its own tion is what is best for the United States
Alcron Int'l. Ltd. people. Red China's acts of aggression and what will preserve the freedom of 18
Ash Int'l. Ltd. against its neighbors continue even at million Taiwanese.
Bluewater Yacht Bldg. Co., Ltd. this very hour and it has a long and Mr. Chairman, the United States of
Carlin Products, Mfg. Co., Ltd. proven record of suppressing the human America has always been willing to stand
commu-
C.B.S. Apparel. rights of its citizens. for freedom. We have opposed cCPacacific ion Corp. td. Never before has a President of the nism and recognized it for the evil that it
China
ba-Geigy eigy Ltd. United States contended that he alone, is. What could possibly justify such an
Ciba- Co., Ltd. without the advice and consent of the abrupt change in our policies and our
C
han &
Collins Systems Int'I. other body or of the Congress, has a principles? What could require this act
Concord Express Ltd. right to terminate a mutual defense of abject appeasement?
Cosa Libermann Taiwan Ltd. treaty with an ally. And, never before What did we gain? First, we are told
Esinberg Group of Cos. has the good faith and the will of the that this recognition of this new ''real-
Fabel (Far East) Corp. Government of the United States to meet ity" will bring us peace.
Food Fair Overseas Ltd. its international commitments been Yet, within a matter of weeks after the
George Chen & Co. called into such serious question. President's decision, Teng Hsia-ping pa-
GETS Co. There is no parallel for the legislation raded across the country like a rabid
Hapag Lloyd. before us today. Our history knows no little panda, shamefully using his tour as
IBD Int'l. co., Ltd.
orate legal fiction a forum to stir up trouble between the
r
p
instance of a co
ICI (China) Ltd.
Intl. Bunker Sales Ltd. financed by U.S. taxpayers, an anoma- Soviet Union and the United States. So
Johns Consolidated Ltd. lous entity proposed in lieu of an embassy blatant - were his actions that he even
L. M. Ericsson. to deal with a nation of 18 million peo- caused embarrassment. to our Govern-
Morraex Taiwan Ltd. ple who are our friends. ment, which does not embarrass easily
Pepsi Cola. You will be told that this legislation these days.
Rohm. is necessary to help Taiwan. "Help," in- Within a matter of weeks the Red Chi-
Seagram Vintners Int'1. deed. It offers the same service as grave= nese had attacked Vietnam, and how
Simms ad ng. office. diggers render to the deceased. many people died or were injured we will
Taiwan n Scott Scott Paper Corp. On December 15 last, the President of not know for some time; yet another
Ta P
Teh Hsin Dves Chemical l Co., Ltd. the United States with an arrogance un- manifestation of their peacefulness.
Texair Co., Ltd. equalled in recent history ignoring the Throughout Asia. and the Pacific, na-
TMS Taiwan. specific vote of the Congress of the tions with whom we have alliances are
TMX. United States, requiring consultation on reviewing their relationship with the
Tuff-Kote Dinol (Taiwan) Inc. the issue, announced that he had decided United States, questioning whether we
Winn Sports. to recognize the People's Republic of are actually a trustworthy partner for
Whirlpool. China, and to cast into limbo; the Re- the future. And I have no doubt even as
Mr. ROSE. Mr. Chairman, I appreciate public of China on Taiwan. He swallowed we debate here today that plans already
the comments of the chairman of the the Red Chinese terms which had been have been laid by the Government of Red
committee. I think it is important for rejected by previous Presidents, because China for eventual economic and mili-
the record to show that we do intend to those terms totally undermined Taiwan tary action against Taiwan despite the
have the institute that we are establish- and its security. The President not only repeated bland assurances by the admin-
Ing by this legislation continue its strong recognized Red China and dumped Tai- istration; assurances that have not come
support and working relationship with wan, but he sought to terminate by his forth from Red China. If peace and sta-
this Taipei American School. sole act the 1954 Mutual Defense Treaty bility.were the goal, we might have ex-
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will with the Republic of China. pected that, the, President would seek
the gentleman yield? His power to act in this manner has and obtain a guarantee of peace between
Mr. ROSE. Yes, I yield to the chairman and is being questioned, and ultimately mainland China and Taiwan. As it
of the committee. will be determined by the Supreme Court turned out, not only was this request of
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I de- of the United States in a case in which Red China never made, the President of
sire to commend the gentleman from I and many others in this House have the United States clearly misled the peo-
North Carolina (Mr. RosE) for bring- joined as plaintiffs. ple on this important point.
ing his concern to the attention of the Out of all this has come a new mythol- At his press conference on January 17,
House. ogy, that Peking governs not only the he made a direct response to a question
Let me allay the fears of the gentle- mainland, but also Taiwan. That is just in which he was asked, "Mr. President,
as unrealistic as the claim that Taiwan did you at any point ask the Chinese to
man. We know the value of the school,
and our intent is that all of the activi- was the de facto government of the provide a binding written pledge that
would not try to seize Taiwan by
overn- the
th
y
ere are no g
ties which- the United States had with mainland. So today,
Taiwan prior to January 1, 1979, should mental relations between the United force, and if you did request it why didn't
continue as they had prior to that date. States and the Free Republic of China. you get it, and if you didn't get it, why
I can assure the gentleman from North Enormous legal complications are facing didn't you ask for it?"
Carolina that in our oversight capacity both nations and this legislation will not The President replied before a national
we will establish our concern that the. cure them. Taiwan has been placed in a audience, having dealt with this subject
institute support the school. position of insecurity, subject to possible in intricate detail for months:
Mr. ROSE. Mr. Chairman, I greatly economic strangulation by mainland Yes, one of our goals in negotiation was
appreciate the, gentleman's comments, China, and eventual armed attack. And, to get a public commitment on the part of
and I think him for giving me this op- all of this has been done against the over- China that the
peacefully. ww ith waTaiwan s not d be portunity to express my views. whelming support of the American peo- woulble to esolvve.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I ple who in every major public opinion p
yield 6 minutes to the gentleman from poll have said we should not abandon Administration officials later conceded
Maryland (Mr. BAUMAN). our ally on Taiwan. that the President's answer was abso-.
(Mr. BAUMAN asked and was given Put aside for the moment the argu- lutely contrary to the facts. Taken to-
permission to revise and extend his re- ment whether Red China should or gether with the. concealment of a U.S.
marks.) should not have been recognized by our pledge not to sell arms to Taiwan as well
Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Chairman, we find Government. There is always a case to be as other parts of the deal with Red
ourselves in an unprecedented situation made for recognition of a de facto gov- China, one must question the sincerity
today. It is unprecedented in the history ernment, and that is why we should con- of the'President in presenting his case
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 H 1156
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE March 8,' 1979
to the country. So once again "Peace. in that the President's actions have in-
our time," has an-all-too-familiar ring. flitted. It is left to us to try to salvage
Was there economic benefit to be what we can.
achieved from this deal? We are being ? 0 1205
told that, indeed, we will benefit greatly Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I
from trade with Red China; but that yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
hollow claim is certainly exposed in the Indiana (Mr. QUAYLE).
light of the facts. Trade between Tai- Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Chairman, I thank
wan and the United States alone in 1978 my distinguished colleague for yielding.
amounted to nearly $8 billion,' making Mr. Chairman, first of all, I would like
that nation our ei
hth l
t t
g
arges
rading to commend the chairman and the mem-
partner in the world. This must be com- hers who have drafted this bill. This is
pared with less than a billion dollars in a greatly improved bill from what we
trade-ex
orts
d i
t
p
an
mpor
s-with the
People's Republic of China. In the last
few days we have been informed by the
international press that Red China has
canceled abruptly without warning $2 %2
billion worth of contracts that it has
made with Japan, and yet we are told
they are a potentially reliable trading
partner.
And, what is to happen when cheaply
made products produced by slave labor in
Red China flood our markets and jeopar-
dize American jobs?
No, for the foreseeable future, no-great
economic boom will occur in the United
States due to Red China trade.
What the President has done is not to
insure the independence of the Repub-
lic of China on Taiwan, but to assure its
eventual destruction at the hands of
Red China. The President chose not to
recognize the reality of two Chinas but
in effect he changed sides in the conflict
between these two nations. In this in-
stance he changed sides in the conflict
between freedom and communism. And
in so doing he has. created new tension
in Asia and undermined the credibility
of the United States and its commitment
to freedom everywhere in the world.
And now Congress is left to "pick up
the pieces." You do not have to accept
that characterization from the entl
ferring to the "liberation" of Taiwan, but
would instead call for the "reunification" of
China.
Those, Members of Congress, are the
substantive concessions that moved this
thing from the back burner last Novem-
ber. I leave you with this question, what
have we gained? I think the answer will
be that we have not gained, but perhaps
in the eyes of the world we have lost.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I yield
3 minutes to our colleague and very
highly respected friend the distin-
started with. But I would just like to. guished chairman of the Committee on
put in perspective what has happened. the Judiciary, the gentleman from New
marks.)
Mr. RODINO. Mr. Chairman, I have
sought recognition in order to discuss
several immigration-related provisions
which are contained in the legislation
now under consideration.
As the distinguished chairman of the
Committee on Foreign Affairs, (Mr.
ZABLOCKI) knows, these matters are
within the jurisdiction of the Judiciary
Committee, particularly the Subcom-
mittee on Immigration, Refugees and
International Law, and I have asked the
chairwoman of that subcommittee to
join us in our brief colloquy.
I would ask the gentleman whether
he can assure me that the inclusion of
these provisions in this bill is not meant
to impinge upon the jurisdiction of 'the
Judiciary Committee and that it has
been done without prejudice to our juris-
diction over these items or to our future
legislative consideration and oversight
of these provisions once they are enacted
into law.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. RODINO. I yield to the gentle-
the State Department officials and the
people in the administration referred to
the normalization of relations with the
PRC as being on the back burner.
^ 1210
I quote from a New York Times. article:
Officials stressed that in planning for an
eventual normalization of relations with
China, the Administration had assumed'
there would be a period of stability in China
with the leaders in Peking strong enough to
take the steps necessary to assure the U.S.
that force would not be used to unite Tai-
wan to the mainland.
That was late November, ladies and
gentlemen. On December 15 we moved
forward with full diplomatic relations
with the PRC. December 17 was the date
we had the failure. of the Camp David I
peace accord. So, what did we gain by
our new arrangement?
Let me read, and I quote from the con-
text of the committee discussion on what
we have gained:
. the U.S. would be able to continue
"unofficial" relations with Taiwan and would
be able to give the required 1-year notifica-
tion of termination of the Mutual Defense
Treaty, instead of instant abrogation.
man from Maryland about this legisla- In other words, we can go ahead and
tion. It is the appropriate description a
live nd give the 1ryatyear w n o had with Taiwan,
supplied by the distinguished chairman ofafindcia ae cog i 1-year couldon, but
have a
of the Foreign Affairs Committee, for l office. We cannot We could not have a liaison whom I have the greatest respect. He ernment crecognize a years,
described the role that Congress has because th. that has told there
not for That 30 ears,
been assigned in this mess as "picking up major the
on PRC told ua not to. Thwas
the bits and pieces" and went on to say a major concession as far as the PRC was
that the administration's suggestion for concerned.
a private corporation (which is not really Other The U.S. wild were:
a private corporation) to deal with Tai- ? ? The .S aiwan (hallowed oer, it Is likely
wan was at best. "Mickey Mouse." I thoose sales wi
T
ad
ll
be of les
vent d or obso-
think that it is a denigration of that fa- lete defense articles under PRC dicates).
mous although small American character .. the PRC would not contradict the
to associate him with this endeavor, but President's statement that the Taiwan issue
that phrase has come to mean all that is would be concluded peacefully.
flimsy, insincere, and frivolous. The latter is a very important conces-
I hope that the House will adopt sion, because we never even asked the
strengthening amendments today which PRC to give a formal statement to not
will retain government-to-government use force against Taiwan.
relations with the free Republic of
China regardless of how much the Red tleman The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen-
China in Peking may object. I hope from Indiana has expired.
that we will specifically provide for the Mr. BROO
additional D. Mr. Chairman, I
security interests and the defense needs man 1 additional minute to the gentle-
gentle-
of the people of Taiwan. I hope that we man from Indiana (Mr. QvAYLE).
will fashion this legislation to assure that Mr. QUAYLE. We did not even ask
unilateral actions by the President will that force would not be used, and yet
not be able to weaken further the posi- this is supposed to be a substantive con-
tion of our free allies. cession by the PRC.
Mr. Chairman, no amount of soft And the fourth substantive conces-
words, pious hopes or propaganda can sion:
remove the stain on American honor . . . and China would refrain from re-
Jersey (Mr. RoDINO).
(Mr. RODINO asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
man from Wisconsin.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I thank the gentle-
man for Yielding.
Mr. Chairman, I desire to thank the
distinguished chairman of the Judiciary
Committee for bringing up this issue.
Certainly, I can assure the'chairman and
the gentlewoman from New York of the
intent of the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs. It is not our intent to transgress or
trespass on the jurisdiction of the Judi-
ciary Committee on these matters of
immigration.
^ 1215
I am sure that I can speak for the
members of the Committee on Foreign
Affairs when I say that we welcome the
oversight of the gentleman's committee
and review of the various immigration-
related matters and provisions of this
bill once they have been enacted into
law. The Committee on Foreign Affairs,
of course, will be exercising oversight
jurisdiction and review of all provisions
of the law within the jurisdiction of the
Committee on Foreign Affairs. However,
I can assure the gentleman from New
Jersey (Mr. RODINO), the chairman of
the Committee on the Judiciary, that it
is not our intent to impinge on that com-
mittee's jurisdiction.
Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
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March 8; 1979 CONGRESSIONAL ]RJECORD-IHOUSIB H1157
Mr. RODINO. I yield to the gentle- tleman from Illinois (Mr. HYDE), a for- It is almost like, a business cycle. They
woman from New York. eign policy expert. go from the frown to the smile, from
Ms. HOLTZMAN. I thank my distin- (Mr. HYDE asked and was given per- the smile to the frown. The most long
guished chairman for yielding. mission to revise and extend his re- lasting relationship that we had with a
Mr. Chairman, I appreciate the re- marks.) Communist country, the Soviet Union in
marks that have been made by the dis- Mr. HYDE. I want to compliment the World War II, has hardly been salu-
tinguished chairman of the Committee committee, Mr. Chairman, for making tary or beneficial in the long term.
on-Foreign Affairs (Mr. ZABLOCKI) as well the best of a very bad situation; and my Ask Eastern Europe, ask the Middle
as the comments made by my distin- remarks are in no way to be interpreted East. We urge" morality and high prin-
guished chairman (Mr. RODINO). As the as any criticism of the committee. ciple in fashioning our policies in the
new chairwoman of the Subcommittee on Mr. Chairman, the Red Chinese Middle East, but we. get awfully prag-
Immigration, Refugees, and Internation- wanted three things for normalization, matic when it comes to Asia. We let Red
al Law I have a keen interest'in the im- and ` they got all three: remove our China dictate the terms down to the last
migration-related provisions of this bill troops, No. 1; remove our Ambassador . item.
and have every intent to conduct over- from Taipei, No. 2; and repudiate the Someone has described Woodrow Wil-
sight hearings at some future time to in- defense treaty of .1954, No. 3. son at the Paris Peace Conference as a
sure the officials of the American Insti- I might point out that there is going virgin in a bawdyhouse yelling for a
tute in Taiwan properly and efficiently to be a traffic jam on the Pacific Ocean glass of lemonade. I do not think our
administer the provisions of the Immi- as the ships withdrawing our troops from foreign policy has lessened its naivete
gration and Nationality Act. In my judg- South Korea bump into the ships with- since that time. Back in 1945 we told
ment it is essential that consular services drawing our troops from Taiwan, as we Chiang Kai-shek, "We are not going to
and visa issuance functions which are withdraw, as we retreat, as we advance give you any more aid until you broaden
performed in Taiwan be done with the to the rear out there. the base of your government. Get demo-
closest scrutiny of U.S. Government offi- As for removing the Ambassador from cratic. Bring in Mao Tse-Tung's agrar-
cials who are charged with the responsi- Taipei and putting him in Peking, why ian reformers." He resisted, and we are
bility of carrying out the provisions of did we not live up to the Shanghai com- about to finish the dissolution of anti-
our immigration law. munique, that authoritative document Communist China we started back then.
Likewise the foreign state charge- so often cited as the precedent for what - Does it sit well with the Members that
ability provisions in this bill would allow has been done? Under the Shanghai we demand a high standard of human liaison of- Taiwan to be considered as a country for c oe riun communique
we open and seed up Mr. Wa ood cock's rights- from all other countries that are
purposes of the 20,000 per country limi- pro-Western in South America or Africa,
tation on immigration to the United predecessors there. but we rhapsodize about normalization
States. Once again my subcommittee will Why do we not open up a liaison office in mainland China? The one place one
closely monitor the implementation of in Taipei and simply shift the Ambas- could go in the world up until Decem-
this provision, particularly in view of the sador from one capital to the other? ber 15 where "Yankee go home" was
heavy demand for immigrant visas in We did not even give the Taiwanese not written on the walls was in Taipei.
the PRC, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. the kind of treatment we gave the Red Our friendships become transient; they
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen- Chinese under the Shanghai com- are illusory; and they are marked by du-
tleman from New Jersey (Mr. RODINO) munique. plicity. We let Red China pick our
has expired. - Insofar as repudiating the defense friends in Asia, and the terms of our
Mr, ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I yield treaty of 1954 is concerned, we are told friendship. That is an embarrassment
2 additional minutes to the gentleman that the situation is different out there and makes me less proud of my country
from New Jersey. now. In 1954 our adversaries were China than I was before this incident.
Ms. HOLTZMAN. If the gentleman and the Soviet Union. Mr. Chairman, I yield back the re-
will yield further, may I ask the chair- ^ 1220 mainder of my time.
man if he knows whether the President, Now it is just the Soviet Union. We Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I
who is authorized to treat Taiwan as a can embrace Red China without any yield 6 mto the gentleman from
separate country for purposes of the 20,- misgivings whatsoever. Pennsylvania minutes M t. BAILEY).
000 limit, intends to exercise that func- In addition to repudiating the defense Mr. BAILEY. Chairman, since the
tion? treaty, we also agreed, and this came December, LEY. M C iman, since the
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, if the out later, not to initiate any new con- mainland President Carter
gentlewoman will yield, it is my under- tracts, any new arms sales, to Taipei, to and accept ept inlan China a I have separate
e
standing that there is no intention on to Taiwan, during the remaining waning tempted viable political al entity, admi at at .
the part of the executive branch to ad- year of that defense treaty. temp do to rationalize s the withdrawal o-
mit the 20,000 Taiwanese who could be In addition, Mr. Chairman, we just ion's nt from Taiwan. d concern
given immigration visas under the pro- settled our claims with Red China, 4 recognition 0 has led t speak T with Dr. Brzezinski
ern
visions of this bill. cents on the dollar. How did they make and other White House aides. Neither
Ms. HOLTZMAN. I very much hope out? One hundred cents on the dollar. the necessity. of what
that if the President does exercise the So out of about six or seven issues, we the might appear nor r be a questionably hat
authority granted to him in this bill, got zero and they got everything they might app olicy shift was
apparad-
p
that he will make every effort to urge wanted. ' avantageous poll
the Taiwanese to accept for resettlement Taiwan-l7 million people, with a after o I stated in a recent letter to the
Vietnamese refugees, because as of this healthy expanding economy, militant
time, the Taiwan Government has ac- anti-Communists, an unsinkable air- President, he is to be congratulated on
cepted less than 20 refugees from Indo- craft carrier, with five nuclear plants accomplishing the long overdue and wel-
China, as I understand it. over there. And do you know what we come recognition of mainland China as but
Mr. ZABLOCKI. If the gentleman will got? We got the right, maybe, to trade a member of the family fnations, and
yield further, Mr. Chairman, I am sure with 1 billion slave laborers and get ac- I fear wa av corrected ne Taiwan is t a strong
another.
the gentlewoman from New York (Ms. cess to some of their oil, which they committed have
will agree that the President are going to keep when they industrial- and viable nation which has long been
will take into consideration all aspects ize or sell to Japan. That is some big our friend. Instead of withdrawing diplo-
of the refugee program in exercising the deal. matic relations with the Republic of
immigration authority of the United The failure to consult with Congress China, we should have insisted on dual
States. by the President was a more significant recognition. Moreover, I feel strongly
Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Chairman, I reassertion of the imperial presidency- that consultation with Congress would
thank the gentleman. than Nixon dressing?up his palace guard have placed more pressure on both
Mr. RODINO. Mr. Chairman, I thank as chocolate soldiers. This was a pro- Chinas and enhanced our bargaining
the gentleman. found reassertion of the imperial presi- position.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I dency. However, I will probably vote for the
yield 5 minutes to the distinguished gen- Leaders and policies change in China. United States-Taiwan Relations Act to
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E 1158 - CONGRESSIONAL RIECORID-HOUSEE March 8, 1979
salvage what we can at, this time and Peking last week signaled the termina- States. First, the United states must
urge my colleagues to act accordingly. tion of our Nation's long standing poli- withdraw recognition of Taiwan and
A copy of my letter to the President cies of the United States toward the acknowledge Peking as the sole legiti-
Is attached, and I would like to read it Republic of China (Taiwan). By swift mate government of all of china. Sec-
to you: unilateral action, President Carter has ond, we must also withdraw all U.S.
HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES, committed our Nation to the extension troops from the island. Finally, we must
Washington, D.C., March 7, 1979. of full diplomatic relations to Commu- terminate our mutual defense treaty
The PRESIDENT, nist China while at the same time sever- with Taiwan. The United States for its
The White House, ing our official relations with Nationalist part had refused to accept those terms
Washington, D.C.
Ch
na. The reason given by the Presi- until Peking was willing to guarantee a
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT; I wish to congratu-
late you on' accomplishing the long overdue dent for this hasty action was that "we peaceful settlement of the Taiwan issue.
and welcome recognition of Mainland China are recognizing simple reality." Both sides acknowledged and accepted
as a member of the family of nations. Al- As pointed out in a recent editorial the position of the other and agreed to
though we may not endorse the desirability in the Omaha World Herald, there is disagree while moving forward in all
of much in Mainland China's history, nor substantial logic recognition of the main- areas of cooperation since the historic
recommend her human rights posture, it is land: Nixon visit.
a strong nation toward which necessity dic- Red China is there. It was from this
tate; the prudence of full and complete rec- It is a world power. To position that Presi-
ognition. There is no harm in open com- recognize it formally is not to endorse its dent Carter took his step toward a
munication nor in an accommodation of form of government. "simple reality." His action, incredibly
corrected one error and committed another. r-- - -at, we uimL also recognize ?0.-gULW",Ug Our own
that demand' fora peaceful solution guaran-
Taiwan is also a strong and viable nation. The "simple reality", tee for our long and faithful friends on
The arbitrary insistence by both the Main- to use the President's Taiwan. As recently land Government and Taiwan of the Chinese phrase, is that Taiwan is a self-supporting stated by the Hon-
nation's singularity cannot be legitimized by island nation which is not part of mainland, orable George Bush, the former head of
an equally foolish naivete on our part. Communist China. the U.S. Mission in Peking:
There sseem to be no reasons for The terms the Carter administration has
the drastic simply weave taken. Teason ma How incredibly inconsistent for the accepted, and even trumpeted, are the same
now, in all probability, endeavor to become
steps y President of the United States to recog- terms that have been available for the past
one more member of the nuclear family, nine "the simple reality" of Communist seven years; but they were always refused
something for which few, least of all us, can China's existence and, in the same before because we knew-just as the Chinese
criticize them. Worse yet, we have with- speech, indicate that the United States knew-that in the absence of sufficient
drawn recognition from a nation, long our will ignore the "simple reality" of Tai- guarantees, they were but a figleaf for an
friend, that will continue to exist with or wan's separate, independent existence. abject American retreat.
without us. The human rights foundation The issue at concern here is not our The next important question we must
of our foreign policy, which you have so recognition of the Peking government or ask, is with whom have we made this new
forthrightly and admirably advanced, has
been set aside for a simple change of ,ides. extending our friendship to all the peo- pact? The political situation in China
simply stated, we have traded one political ple of the mainland. Closer relations and suffers from the same instabilities and
fiction for another, without even compelling, cooperation between Washington and uncertainties that effect other Commu-
practical reasons. Peking is no doubt in our national in- nist regimes. With no reliable succes-
I deeply fear the error of your decision, terest as a tool to advance world peace sion 'procedures, what certainty do we
and would have preferred the insistence and and world trade. The issue of concern have that with leadership change, we
practice of dual recognition with an equally resulting from the President's action is will not have a policy change? Should
strong official refusal to address the issue our continued commitment to Taiwan major policy decisions be based on an
of singularity. There seems to be nothing
to indicate even the diplomatic and the manner in which we intend to understanding with one man, particu-
in giving so much in principle and practi- fulfill that responsibility. larly when that man's age, political sup-
cality for so little. Above everything, our For more than 20 years, the two great port and past history call in to question
human rights philosophy forms the corner- Communist giants, Russia and China, his future influence. Yet, the President
stone of our policy, and like most funda- have faced each other on their common has by unilateral action placed the fu-
mental political ideas, is only useful when border. To the Chinese, the Soviets rep- ture of the 17 million people on Taiwan
practiced as strongly as reasonably possible. resent an ever-present threat to their in the hands of just such a man with no
In the long run, we would have gained more
had we followed a more intellectually honest very existence. Historical tensions and assurances of their safety.
approach, conflicts along that border coupled with One of the major benefits that the
I sincerely hope the Congress will find the recent Soviet inspi-2d pressure along United States is expected to achieve as
strength to alter your position for an addi- their southern boundaries have in- a result of this action to normalize re-
tional reason. Executive prerogative and creased their fears of Soviet encircle- lations is the advantage of increased
power notwithstanding, I feel the manner ment and hegemony, commercial and strategic ties. However,
and timing of this move was very poorly Acting as a result of these fears, China it has always been clear that with re-
advised. Consultation with Congress and/or has sought closer relations. with the gard to foreign trade, China needs the
the public would have placed more pressure United States and her Western allies to United States and our technology much
on both Chinas and enhanced our bargain-
ing position, something which many feel we act as a firm, reliable counterweight to more than we need them. Their eager-
have foolishly given away. I hope you will Soviet pressure. In this manner, the Chi- ness for such trade and technological as-
consider the possibility of allowing the poll- nese would seek to increase western sistance in the past had given the United
tical process in this nation, through the pressure on Russia in an effort to lessen States an important bargaining tool. If
Congress, an opportunity to effect these the threat they now face from the China's turn to the West is in fact a
policy changes which were hasty and ill- Soviets. long-term commitment, then such lever-
advised. To this end, the United States would
With deepest personal regret, I am, even age would have become even in disagreement, share their concern about Soviet inten- ' nificant in the future. Under der the more Press ssg-
-
Most sincerely yours, tions and.activities, We would share in dent's plan, unfortunately, that bargain-
DON BAILEY, the benefits of a closer relationship. The ing tool was cast aside.
Member of Congress. Soviet threat would be diminished by Because of the Russian threat and
[1- 1225 improved Sino-Western cooperation as their need for U.S. products and know-
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I well as increased economic benefits from how, the move to normalize and settle
yield 9 mOOM to tgentleman from trade. The critical question remaining is the Taiwan problem was never an ob-
New York (Mr. to the her . not one of mutual interest, but the terms stacle for the Chinese. The advances we
(Mr. rk (Mr. LM and was given under which such "normalization" and are likely -to continue making in the
asked
Permission GILMAN
to revise and extend his recognition are negotiated. areas of commercial and strategic im-
remarks.) For many years, the Peking Govern- portance would for the most part have
Mr. GIIdVlAN. Mr. Chairman the offi- ment has insisted on three preconditions occurred anyway under the existing re-
ctal opening of the hair an the before it would accept any formal nor- lationship, a relationship, I might add,
Y malization of relations with the United that provided for a de facto political re-
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March 8, .19 79
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSIB IHI 1159
lationship, allowing both sides to work The critical issue at stake in this dis- that "Taiwan is part of China. Then why
together while at the same time permit- pute remains in the hands of the courts, sell arms to the Taiwanese to help them con-
ting us to maintain the integrity of our Accordingly, the Congress must now act tinue an independent existence which the
United States no longer acknowledges they
commitment to Taiwan. in this new "reality" to, do what it can are entitled to?
Once again, I must stress that the to assure Taiwan's safety and continued We approve of the proposal. to sell defen-
issue here is not whether we should prosperity in conditions of freedom. sive arms to Taiwan. We simply point out the
normalize relations with China or that I submit that we can start by telling utter inconsistency in the President's posi-
the President has the right to do so. the 900 million people of the mainland tion.
Why does the United Snot follow the
The question here is one of fundamental that we seek peace and friendship and oes equmated States
tate se of flow the
morality and international strategy. At that we hope that our bonds of common logical-and
recognizing Communist China of fo ally
a time when we have declared to the interest will grow and that their govern- con-
tinuing diplomatic relations with the inde-
world that "human rights is the soul of mint will evolve ways of allowing all of pendent Chinese Natonalist government on
our foreign policy," how can we abandon their citizens to participate in their na- Taiwan?
all official ties to more than 17 million tional destiny. By the same token, we The answer is simple:
people in favor of recognizing a Com- must emphatically state that as long as Carter chose not to follow the course of
munist dictatorship. the people of Taiwan seek to retain their logic and equity because the Red Chinese
We should be considering what kind independence in the world and declare otherwise.
carter administration's two-faced
of signals this action has sent to our their unwillingness to be "reunited" with stance in regard to Taiwan is underscored
'friends and foes alike. If we treat an old . the Peking Government that we intend by these facts:
and trusted ally in this manner, what to respect and support those wishes. The President said he has paid special at-
reaction can we expect from other na- The legislative vehicle to insure this tention to assuring that recognizing Com-
tions-large and small-with whom we support is currently before the House, munist China "will not jeopardize the well-
share mutual security interests. The ad- H.R. 2479, the United States-Taiwan Re- being of the people of Taiwan."
ministration assurances do little to re- lations Act. The prompt action taken by But in a separate statement, not attrib-
assure Israel that strategic importance our House Foreign Affairs Committee uted to Carter, our government announced
of Middle-East oil fields will never out- in rewriting the administration's draft, that our mutual defense treaty with Tai-
?
weigh our moral commitment to their strongly reflects the sentiment that the wan is being terminated. It does not seem to us too harsh a judg-
defense and survival. Unfortunately, President should have consulted with ment to say that the people of the United
the price we all paid for recognizing the Congress prior to making such an Impor- States, through our President, have sold but
People's Republic of China has not only tant decision. It emphasizes the concern the 16 million non-Communist Chinese who
diminished our credibility throughout that exists for the political, economic, live on Taiwan..
the world, but also diminished the pros- and security independence of the people a1 That,ith h suggest, this nanothe to "simple r hamee-
pect for peace. China's recent invasion of Taiwan as well as the national secu- y
interests of the United States in the will have to live.
rit
y
of Vietnam certainly underscores our western Pacific.
questionable new relationship and our The legislation now before the House
the for world. stability and peace through- is a significant improvement over the
out regard
out bill. I urge my col-
Compounding these basic questions leagues to study it carefully. Our actions
surrounding the new China policy are on this issue may well have far greater
equally serious questions about the man- impact on the future of our foreign rela-
ner in which it was carried out. Congres- tions with our remaining allies than on
sional leaders were informed of the new those with China.
policy at a'time when the Congress was For your information, the entire texts
in recess and then only hours before its of the Omaha World-Herald and Rich-
formal announcement to the rest of the mond Times-Dispatch editorials follow:
world. But even more important than [From the Omaha World Herald, Dec. 17,
the administration's failure to consult
with the Congress was the decision to 1976]
"SIMPLE REALITY": 78 SOLD OUT TAIWAN
terminate our defense agreements with There was an almost incomprehensible in-
consistency consistency in President Carter's announce-
Despite a consultative procedure con- ment that he will grant diplomatic recogni-
tained in security legislation passed last tion to Communist China and sever diplo-
year, the President unilaterally decided matic relations with Taiwan (Nationalist
to terminate our Mutual Defense Treaty China).
with the Republic of China. In doing In recognizing mainland, Communist
so, the President raised a constitutional China, the President said, "we are recogniz-
question regarding the power the Chief ing simple reality."
Executive has to annul a treaty that re- Therei s logic in this. Red China is there.
It is a major world power. To recognize it
quired the Congress to approve. This de- formally is not to indorse its form of govern-
cision is being challenged in courts with ment.
many serious questions hanging in the But there is no logic at all in the Presi-
balance. As stated in a recent Richmond dent's statement that the United States "ac-
Times-Dispatch editorial: knowledges the Chinese position that there
If the courts uphold a Presidential right is but one China and Taiwan is part of
to break such treaties without the restraint China."
of legislative concurrence, then the credibil- "The simple reality," to use President Car-
ity of the United States as a stable, depend- ter's phrase, is that Taiwan is a self-support-
able ally will be thrown into greater doubt. ing, independent island nation which is NOT
i t1hi
d
C
The White House contends that "the
treaty makes no reference to the Senate
or Congress, or the need for approval of
the legislative branch in order for notice
to be given of termination of the treaty."
On the other side, however, no less an
authority than Thomas Jefferson wrote:
Treaties being declared equally with the
laws of the United states, to be the Supreme
Law of the Land, It Is understood that an
act of the legislature alone can declare them
Infringed or rescinded.
ommun s na.
,
part of mainlan
How incredibly inconsistent for the Presi-
dent of the United States to recognize "the
simple reality" of Communist. China's ex-
istence and, in the same speech, indicate that
the United States will ignore the "simple re-
ality" of Taiwan's separate, independent ex-
istence.
Adding to the inconsistency is the fact that
the United States proposed to continue to
sell "defensive arms" to the Chinese on Tai-
wan.
So we break diplomatic relations with Tai-
wan and acknowledge Red China's position
[From the Richmond Times-Dispatch,
Jan. 17, 19791
THE TREATY STAKES
In the coming showdown in the federal
courts between President Carter and Sen.
Barry Goldwater on the legality of the pres-
ident's unilateral abrogation of the Taiwan
defense treaty, both sides marshal historical
precedents and opinions of learned authori-
ties in support of their positions. Neither can
cite legal precedents, however, because no
court has ever ruled on the question of a
president's power to break a treaty without
securing approval of the Senate or both
houses of Congress..
All of which means the Taiwan cases
should prove to be intensely interesting, as
well as highly significant.
The White House press office has distrib-
uted a "fact sheet" that lists several examples
of presidential termination of treaties. The
sheet also notes that Article 10 of the 1955
Taiwan treaty states that: "Either party may
terminate it one year after notice has been
given to the other party."
Contending that President Carter acted
properly because he issued the one-year
notice, the White House observed that: "The
treaty makes no reference to the Senate or
Congress, or the need for approval of the
legislative branch in order for notice to be
given of termination of the treaty."
In a study he prepared for the Heritage
Foundation last spring, Mr. Goldwater noted,
however, that neither does the treaty say
the president is the sole "party" to act on
behalf of this country. "Party" means the
government involved, and in the U.S. the
treaty power is a joint one shared by the
president and Congress, wrote the Arizona
Republican, his party's 1964 presidential
nominee.
Furthermore, in examining nine instances
of presidents serving termination notice
without securing congressional approval, Mr.
Goldwater argued that a closer examination
of the record does not support the idea of
untrammeled presidential ability to annul
treaties. In two cases, notice of termination
was withdrawn. Two treaties were scrapped
because they were inconsistent with more
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iii JLI CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 8, 1979
recent laws passed by Congress and one was
obviously superseded by obligations imposed
by a later treaty. The remaining four, accord-
ing to the Goldwater analysis, "appear to
have been annulled or suspended after it
became impossible to effectively carry them
out."
Yet those cases were cited, without fur-
ther explanation, by Mr. Carter's press agents
as justification for the president breaking a
treaty of his choosing. For example, the
White House noted that in 1939, President
Roosevelt gave notice of termination of a
1911 commerce and navigation treaty with
Japan. But after examining that case more
closely. Senator Goldwater pointed out that
it was "persuasively argued in the Senate
that the president was compelled to de-
nounce the 1911 treaty with Japan because
of our obligataions under a later treaty, the
Nine Power Agreement, committing the
United States to respect the territorial in-
tegrity of China."
It must be conceded that the White House
was able to muster an impressive display of
quotes from various scholars to the effect
that a president may break a treaty unilater-
ally.
Mr. Goldwater, however, was not without
some lustrous support of his own. Thomas
Jefferson, in compiling the first manual of
rules of the Senate when he was vice presi-
dent, wrote: "Treaties being declared equally
with the laws of the United Stataes, to be
the Supreme Law of the Land, it is under-
stood that an act of the legislature alone can
declare them infringed or rescinded."
The president has overall authority to con-
duct this nation's affairs with other nations,
of course, and that includes the right, un-
disputed by Mr. Goldwater, to establish or
end diplomatic relations with others. The
courts may well rule that Mr. Carter was
within his constitutional prerogative in serv-
ing notice on Taiwan. What then?
Practically every major treaty to which
the U.S. is a party has an abrogation clause
similar to the Taiwan one. These include the'
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO),
and security treaties with Australia and New
Zealand (ANZUS), South Korea, Japan, the
Philippines, and non-communist Southeast
Asian countries (SEATO). If the courts up-
hold a presidential right to break such
treaties without the restraint of legislative
concurrence, then the credibility of the
United States as a stable, dependable ally
will be thrown into greater doubt.
Then, too, some liberals who delight to-
day in Mr. Carter's fast China shuffle could
some day rue a future president having a free
hand. Senator Goldwater said he feared no
contradiction in predicting an uproar among
his colleagues if, for example, president,
without giving the Senate or Congress oppor-
tunity for deliberation, unilaterally violated
the Nonproliferation Treaty. and transferred
nuclear warheads to South Africa.
^ 1230
Mr. KRAMER. Mr.-Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. GILMAN. I yield to the gentleman
from Colorado.
(Mr. KRAMER asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. KRAMER. Mr. Chairman, today,
as we debate the merits of this bill-the
United States-Taiwan Relations Act-
marks an important occasion in the mod-
ern history of our Nation. It is a date
on which both the honor and credibility
of the United States will be tested, before
friend and foe alike. It is a date on which
we as a Nation will either demonstrate,
or fail to demonstrate, the moral fiber
and firm resolve which must characterize
a truly great Nation.
I wish'that this were not so. I wish
that we in the Congress were not faced
with the difficult and complex situation
which now challenges and confronts us.
But hard fact is that we are. And the re-
sponsibility for this I would lay directly
at the doorstep of this administration-
for in its negotiations with the People's
Republic of China the White House has
seriously compromised the future secur-
ity and well-being of our friends and
allies on Taiwan, and with them has
compromised the interests of the United
States itself.
It is no exaggeration to say, I think,
that in this deal with the People's Re-
public our Government "gave all and
got nothing". We completely acceded to
all three of Peking's. principal conditions
for the establishment of full diplomatic
relations. Our troops have been with-
drawn from Taiwan, notice has been
given for the cancellation of our mutual
security treaty with that country, and
normal diplomatic relations have been
totally severed.
In return we have received nothing but
the unilateral right to declare that we
will still sell 'arms to Taiwan, the right
to use a circuitous fiction for what should
normally be a close and friendly rela-
tionship with Taiwan, and the right to
cut off Taiwan from its American secur-
ity umbrella later than sooner.
I would hardly count these so-called
"concessions as major -diplomatic
achievements. On top of this, we have
failed to wring from Peking even the
faintest pledge that they will not use
force to bring Taiwan under their po-
litical sway. Consistently, in this coun-
try and at home, Vice-Premier Teng has
resisted our suggestions that he give such
a pledge. To be so firm in his position is,
of course, the Vice-Premier's political
right. What I have to ask, however, is
why our Government should have been
so weak in asserting our own national
rights and those of our allies. This, my
friends, hag proven a pathetic display of
American political ineptitude.
This point is borne home all the more
clearly by the fact that no sooner had
Vice-Premier Teng returned to his coun-
try than Peking launched its military
invasion of Vietnam. Obviously, our sac-
rifice of Taiwan has bought us precious
little influence with our new Chinese
"friends." On the other hand, China has
succeeded in achieving normalization
and placing the United States at its back
before embarking on this new military
adventure.
Not only this, but our Government is
still proceeding with plans to open wide
the doors of American trade' and aid to
Peking, even as the warfare in Vietnam
continues.
It is not the establishment of full dip-
lomatic relations with Peking that I
challenge. This was desirable and per-
haps inevitable. What I question is the
terms on which this normalization was
achieved.
I firmly believe, and have been advised
by persons knowledgeable in the field,
that had the United States exhibited
some political will in its negotia-
tions with Peking, we could probably
have gained the clear right to a diplo-
matic liaison office in Taiwan. This
seems even clearer in retrospect, given
China's need for a neutralized United
States in its worsening conflicts with
Hanoi and Moscow, and its equally great
need for American technology and re-
sources to aid its ambitious moderniza-
tion program.
All things considered-American
trade, technology, and military support,
and Taiwan itself for good measure-
this action by our President may yet
prove the biggest give-away of them all.
Obviously today we must look forward
rather than back. What we are consider-
ing now is the future of our relationship
with the Republic of China on Taiwan,
and indeed the very future of that island
republic itself. It seems to me that the
bill which the White House originally
sent to this Congress was totally inade-
quate to provide for either.
The bill now before us is a considerable
improvement over that earlier version,
but is still deficient, I believe, in a num-
ber of areas. A nonofficial, privy%e cor-
poration is, I believe, an inadequate ve-
hicle for the conduct of our relations
with Taiwan, our eighth-largest trading
partner and a nation of some 17 million
souls. In particular, in the absence of any
official government-to-government rela-
tions the United States will lack any
valid legal foundation which would per-
mit it to come to Taiwan's aid in the
event of political, economic, or military
coercion by the PRC.
Cut adrift from' the mainstream of
normal diplomatic intercourse, Taiwan
will in the absence of some form of gov-
ernment-to-government relations be left
to drift alone on the political periphery,
until it sooner or later is carried onto
the shoals of political or military vulner-
ability. Should that happen, we in the
United States, a longtime friend and ally
of Taiwan, will have already unilaterally
cut that one rope-governmental rela-
tions-which could remedy that situa-
tion.
We will, in other words, have not only
abrogated a security treaty, but also a
solemn relationship with a friendly peo-
ple, built through years of mutual effort,
cooperation, and a shared vision. This,
my friends, is not a moral position
worthy of a great nation.
If we should allow this to happen, I
can only wonder at the impressions of
our allies, as well. Israel, the nations of
NATO, Korea-despite the bland and
encouraging statements emanating from
the State Department on the subject, I
can only wonder whether privately the
leaders of those nations must have shud-
dered on hearing of this government's
plan for its former Chinese ally.
They too must be wondering and
watching to see whether they them-
selves might be next in line for the junk-
heap of nations whose friendship and
ties with the United States had become
too inconvenient to either defend or ac-
knowledge.
This bill, my friends, is an unfortunate
event. We can, however, make it better-
in ways which will help to reassure our
friends in Taiwan of our continuing sup-
port and interest; our allies around the
world of the firmness and value of
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March 8, 1979 ' CONG ESSXONAIL RIECOR]D-HOUSIE H U61
American friendship; and our own peo- Was not this China deal accomplished has established an "entity," he has sent
ple of this Nation's moral worth and by the exclusion of. the. American people formal memos to agencies on the future
political integrity. and carried out in the secrecy of the conduct of relations with the Republic,
We can provide for continued rela- type of diplomacy the President criti- and he has set up an embassy and ap-
tions between the United States and Tai- cized not long ago? I submit to this pointed an ambassador. This bill, there-
wan on a modified government-to-gov- House that we have probably not found for, is a vote of confidence, a congres-
ernment basis; we can provide clear and out all there is to this China deal, and sional blessing for all that he has done.
. .. ..,_ _- _ ____n..1 -_.- v.. 1..... ..........,,? n1. n 14,t, 4ho1 1e oh-,,+
strong security assurances to the people
of Taiwan; and we can provide the per-
sonnel and agencies of the government
of Taiwan with those forms of de facto
recognition which will accord them the
dignity and respect they deserve as re-
sponsible and productive members of
the world community. As a great nation
and a generous people, my friends, we
can surely do no less.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I
yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from
Ohio (Mr. ASHBROOK).
(Mr. ASHBROOK asked and was
given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, the
report on H.R. 2479 from the Committee
on Foreign Affairs expressed a sense of
urgency about this legislation. Phone
calls to our offices from the State De-
partment and the administration have
echoed this urgency. In fact, I am find-
ing that there are many here in Wash-
ington who would like to see this Con-
gress pass H.R. 2479 as soon as pos-
sible "to facilitate action on this im-
portant legislation which is urgently re-
quired to insure uninterrupted relations
between the United States and Taiwan."
My view of this pressure is that it is
not so much a sense of urgency to bolster
our commitment to a loyal ally as it is
an attempt to ram a "bill of goods"
through the Congress before the Ameri-
can people awaken to what a shambles
this administration has made. of one of
the closest and strongest relationships
this Nation has ever had with another
country. If we fall for this ploy we
will have made official a disasterous set
of policies that should never have seen
the light of day.
If the President was so concerned over
having congressional action to help
ease the transition to a new policy to-
ward the Republic of China why did he
announce his new policy, and begin to
implement it when a lame duck Con-
gress was adjourned? Why did he not
attempt to adequately consult the Con-
gressional leadership, of both parties,
prior to his announcement? Why did he
not wait until the Congress had acted-
before he wined and dined the Commu-
nist Chinese in our Capital and had gone
ahead with appointing an Ambassador?
His December announcement of the sell-
out of a brave ally was not an act of cour-
age or principle. It was a snide attack.
sideration of what we are doing to a loyal
ally and to our own position in the world.
I wish to turn now to the bill that is
before us. H.R. 2479 is a bill that so fun-
damentally alters our course in our rela-
tions with another nation that we should
not leave any portion of this bill open
to interpretation. We should make our
mandate clear and precise. H.R. 2479, as
presently reported fails to meet this crit-
ical need. What, for example, does the
term "Western Pacific" mean? This bill
says:
The people on Taiwan, as well as the peo-
ple on the China mainland and all other peo-
ples of the Western Pacific area.
to break and he is shouting at us to go
out there with him. He is hoping that
with more people out on that limb the
less foolish his initial act will look. We
have a duty to the American people to
not take any action that might encourage
the President to seek more limbs. One of
these times a limb-will break and all of
us will go crashing down with it.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask the
distinguished chairman of the commit-
tee some basic questions because I think,
in order to understand the legislation and
what we are doing here, we have to start
at the very beginning. I would like to ask
one specific question:
Is the legislation, H.R. 2479, predi-
cated on the fact that the Republic of
China is a sovereign nation, or is it
predicated on the allegation of the Carter
administration that it is not a sovereign
nation?
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. ASHBROOK. I will be glad to yield
to the chairman of the committee.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, as the
gentleman fully knows, the legislation is
predicated on the basis that our Govern-
ment does not at the present time recog-
nize the Republic of China, Taiwan,
diplomatically, Nevertheless, it is the
desire and the intention of our Govern-
ment and certainly the wish of the people
of the United States to continue rela-
tions with the people on Taiwan as we
would with countries with which we do
have diplomatic relations. This is the
purpose of the legislation.
^ 1235
What does this term mean? Are we in-
cluding all mainland China areas in the
phrase? Are we including North Korea?
Vietnam? Why are we diluting the bill's
focus so much? If we are to address our
future relations with the Republic of
China let us address that issue and leave
regional concerns to another bill. The
present legislation is far reaching
enough without bringing all of Asia or
the Pacific in on it.
Another example is the central subject
of the bill, the Republic of China. The
bill does snot even use its proper name!
Even if we decide to not recognize their
government officially we do not have the
right to rename their nation for them.
We call our enemies by their rightful
names (U.S.S.R., Libya, People's Repub-
lic of China, Uganda, et cetera) why can't
we extend the same courtesy to one of
our most faithful friends? A more subtle
point that should be made is that every
time we decline to recognize that there
still exists a sovereign nation known as
the Republic of China we are setting the
stage for our Republic's further decline
in the eyes of the world. It is sheer hy-
pocrisy. This point has not been lost on
the sell-out artists of the administration,
and we should be ever alert for their
clever ploys.
The vagueness that permeates this bill
gives way to pure fantasy and charade in
regard to the "designated entity." This
is an agency formed at the direction of
the State Department, it will be staffed
by its own employees, it will be funded
by our tax dollars, and it will be under
this Congress_ oversight. It is an organ
of our Government and should be iden-
tified as such. I would prefer that we
have a diplomatic liaison office to conduct
our relations, and I think we will have
In addition why would the President the opportunity to discuss this matter in
want to go against the promises he made more depth later on. Whatever "entity"
during his campaign? On October 6, we decide upon should be an official
1976, during the Foreign Policy Debate agency of our Government. The Repub-
with President Ford, Carter said: lic of China deserves a better framework
We've lost, in our foreign policy, the than it is receiving here. We should not
character of the American people. We've ig- place our future relations with it in the
nored or, excluded the American people and hands of something that is fiction.
the Congress from participation in the shap- We can take our time on this bill. The
lug of our foreign policy; Its been one of se-
crecy and exclusion ... We've tried to buy stakes are too high to rush into any as-
success from our enemies, and at the same pect of it. Our nonimperial President
time we've excluded from the process, the has been fit to present us with a "fait
normal friendship of our allies. accompli"'. He has severed relations, he
Mr. ASHBROOK. I thank my colleague
for an honest and direct answer, as he
always gives to any question, no matter
how hard.
I think we start to see, then-and I will
ask several other questions-some of the
problems that are opened up by this.
From my point of view, a fact of life is
that the Republic of China is a sovereign
nation. Let us take immigration. I noted
with interest the response the Chairman
gave to our subcommittee chairman, the
gentlewoman from New York (Ms.
HOLTZMAN), and our chairman, Mr.
RODINO.
Let me pose a question: If the Republic
of China is not a sovereign nation, what
if the People's Republic of China would
issue an edict saying the passports must
be stamped in Peking, including, in their
terminology, not mine, the province of
Taiwan? What then would be the posi-
tion of this Government? Would the
State Department say "Well, that is an
internal problem within China, we have
nothing to say about that?" Would that
be the position if indeed the Republic of
China is not a government? If we recog-
nize the People's Republic of China as
the government of all China, what if they
were to say, on immigration, "All pass-
ports must be stamped in Peking?" What
would be the response of the chairman?
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H 1162 CONGRIESSItONAIL RIECO D-HOUSIS March 8, 1979
Mr. ZABLOCKI. If the gentleman will Mr. ASHBROOK. It looks as if a snare Mr. Chairman, it seems to me to be
yield, it is the understanding of the has been planted in this bill. All we talk the intent of this bill to insure that the
gentleman from Wisconsin that if the about is the people of Taiwan. We do present flow of goods into Taiwan shall
People's Republic of China took such a not refer to the government of Taiwan. not be restricted in the future; however,
position, we would not recognize that to That is why I asked the chairman the there are certain goods, in particular de-
be within the authority of the People's specific question. fensive arms and nuclear energy mate-
Republic of China, to control passports ^ 1240 rials and equipment, which require by
of people who are on Taiwan, who are in Yet, in definitions with reference to U.S. law certain assurances to our Gov-
any foreign country. The passports for authorities exercising governmental con- ernment from the government of the na-
the people on Taiwan for immigration to trol on that island, if indeed the Repub- tion to which they will be exported before
the United States would have to be issued lie of China is not a government they permission to export is granted. Conceiv-
by Taiwan. cannot exercise governmental control. If ably, since the United States has em-
Mr. ASHBROOK. I thank my chair- Peking is the sole government for all of barked on a policy of dealing with Tai-
man for that assurance. I hope the State China, that is the only authority that wan on an unofficial basis, these assur-
Department understands that is what exercises governmental control over the ances will not be able to be made, and
we have in mind. Republic of China. At least that would the flow of defensive arms and nuclear
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the seem to be the import of the Decem- energy supplies may be severed.
gentleman yield at this point for a clari- ber 15 declaration coupled with H.R. Now, clearly, is not the intent of this
flcation? ,
Mr. ASHBROOK. I yield to the gentle- 2479. bill to deprive Taiwan of the right to
man from New York. Mr. WOLFF. We never have recognized purchase and receive arms from the
r. OLFF. Mr. Cwe do not the fact that Peking is the sole govern- United States. Nor do I think it is the
M
rer. W WOLFF. Mr. laws Chairman,
the we People's ment of all China, intent of the bill or of Congress to de-
Mr. ASHBROOK. But the gentleman is prive Taiwan of the right to purchase '
Republic of China apply to Taiwan as saying that the Republic of China is not nuclear energy material and equipment,
such. In our unilateral declaration, the a government and President Carter has provided that Taiwan agrees to continue
President did not recognize the laws of said that Peking is the sole government to honor the,terms of the Nuclear Non-
the People's Republic of China, as apply- of one, repeat, one China. Proliferation Treaty.
Ing to Taiwan. Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I yield It is my understanding that section
Mr. ASHBROOK. Let me say that if 3 minutes to the gentleman from Ohio 202 (a) 2 provides that Taiwan's dealings
you do not do this, a snare may be (Mr. GRADISON). with the United States shall be by or
planted in the bill. On page 10 it says: Mr. GRADISON. Mr. Chairman, I through an unofficial instrumentality es-
the term "Taiwan" includes, as the thank the distinguished chairman of the tablished by Taiwan in agreement with
context may require, the islands of Taiwan Foreign Affairs Committee for Yielding. the President. If I read this section cor-
and the Pescadores, the inhabitants of those To preface, the course chosen by the rectly, the President should determine
islands, corporations and other entities and
associations created or organized under the administration in our China policy is not that this instrumentality has the neces-
laws applied on those islands ... the one I would have chosen, nor is it sary authority under the laws of Taiwan
the one that I think most of my col- to provide assurances and take other ac-
Here is where the snare is: leagues would have chosen; nevertheless, tions on behalf of Taiwan with respect
. and the authorities exercising gov- we must face the reality that if we wish to the U.S. Government before he agrees
ernmental control on those islands .... both to continue commercial, cultural, to the instrumentality Taiwan proposes.
The authorities exercising govern- and other relations with Taiwan and to I would assume, therefore, that the in-
mental control on those islands could be have normal diplomatic relations with tent -of this section is that once the Presi-
the People's Republic of China, because the People's Republic of China, then we dent agrees to the instrumentality pro-
Mr. Carter has already indicated that the must opt for the diplomatic hocus pocus posed by Taiwan, then the President or
Republic of China is not a sovereign gov- provided by this bill, any department or any agency of the
ernment and the sole legal authority is in , There are two issues I would like to U.S. Government which is required to.
Peking. raise about H.R. 2479, and I would ap- accept an assurance from Taiwan is ex-
Mr. WOLFF. We have never recognized preciate the gentleman's comments. First, pected to accept such assurance except
that the People's Republic of China can I am sure that the gentleman is aware as the President may otherwise provide.
exercise any authority over the people on that, under H.R. 2479, the United States I appreciate any thoughts the gentle-
Taiwan. will view with grave concern any embargo man may have regarding the intent of
Part of our unilateral declaration and or boycott directed toward Taiwan. In section 202(a) (2) . In particular, I under-
part of the Shanghai communique indi- fact, section 201 (a) of this bill provides stand that the committee, in drafting
cated that there is but one China, that no U.S. legal requirement, explicit this section, took into consideration that
Mr. ASHBROOK. And the legal gov- or implicit, concerning existence of dip- the Atomic Energy Act and the Arms
ernment is in Peking, is it not? . lomatic relations or governmental rec- Export Control Act both require assur-
Mr. WOLFF. No. We did not say that, ognition shall apply with respect to ances from the government of a recipi-
Mr. ASHBRONo That is what Jimmy Taiwan. As I understand it, section, ent nation to the U.S. Government before
201 (a) insures that section 4A of the Ex- the export of defensive arms or nuclear
Carter said, the President of the United
States. port Administration Act of '1969, which energy materials and equipment will be
Mr. WOLFF. No, no. In the Shanghai prohibits U.S. persons from complying permitted, and that the committee de-
de-
with a foreign boycott directed against cided to address these requirements 'with
communique, it was stated that we-ac- a friendly country, will apply to any boy- this section.
knowledged that both sides of the Tai- cott against Taiwan. Mr. ZABLOCKI. I thank the gentle-
wan Strait indicate that there is but - Mr. ZABLOCKI. Yes, that is the effect man of Ohio for raising this' issue. His
one China, and we do not challenge of the bill. reading of section 202(a) (2) of H.R.
this. Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, will the 2479 is correct, as is his assumption re-
Mr. ASHBROOK. The Shanghai Ac- gentleman yield on that point? garding its intent.
cord is not the question. The question Mr. GRADISON. I yield to the gentle- ? 10A C
ber 15. Mr. BINGHAM. I thank the gentleman Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman; I
Mr. WOLFF. If the gentleman will for yielding to me. Yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
yield further, in the subsequent declara- The representatives of the State De- Illinois (Mr. McCr oaY) .
tion by President Carter there was no partment stated unequivocally at our (Mr. McCLORY asked and.was given
recognition of the fact that the laws on hearings that the antiboycott provisions ' permission to revise and extend his re-
the mainland of China apply to Taiwan. of the Export Administration Act would marks.)
When we decided that the treaties that apply to a boycott attempted to be im- Mr. LEACH of Iowa. Mr. Chairman,
are in existence between the United posed by the People's Republic of China will the gentleman yield?
States and the people in Taiwan will against trade with Taiwan. . Mr. McCLORY. I yield to the gentle-.
continue in force, we reaffirm that Mr. GRADISON. I thank the gentle- man from Iowa.
position, man for that clarification. r (Mr. LEACH of Iowa asked and was
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE H 1163
given permission to revise and extend of people on the island the most funda- is the least we can do on behalf of a
his remarks.) mental human freedoms. Beyond that, peaceful normalization of internal rela-
Mr. LEACH of Iowa. Mr. Chairman, police state tactics have been an accepted tions between the majority of native Tai-
I would like at the outset to express my fact of life ever since martial laws as de- wanese and the minority of Chinese from
support for the President's decision to lared in 1948 purportedly for a tempo- the mainland.
normalize our relations with the Peoples rary period to be in effect "during the Just as it should be made clear to the
Republic of China. Recognition, after all, period of communist rebellions." The PRC that the United States will not
does not imply approval of a system of martial law declaration is still in effect lightly countenance the use of force
government. It only implies a realistic today and it has been reliably reported against Taiwan, it should be made clear
assessment of who controls what within that there is frequently resort to secret to, the Nationalist government that the
a given political jurisdiction. In the case arrests and secret trials as a means of United States does not easily condone
of mainland China, clearly the govern- dealing with political disssidents. Am- the suffocation of basic individual free-
ment of Peking effectively controls the nesty International reports that torture doms on Taiwan. Accordingly, I would
apparatus of political decisionmaking for has been employed to gain "confessions" like to strongly endorse the language
950 million people. and the same organization states that introduced in the other body by Senator
The abrupt decision to recognize the "violations of human rights have been PELL which underscores our concern for
Peoples Republic represents a traumatic the prevailing practice in Taiwan." In- democratic rights on Taiwan. That Ian-
change in direction for American policy deed, for the past 30 years we have guage specifies that:
and has produced understandable anx- looked the other way when evidence of In carrying out its activities, the Institute
then
t
t
f
d
ace
-
iety among the people of Taiwan. As we such repressive tactics has sur
move forward with legislation to institu- preferring as a matter of expedience to
tionalize our relationship with Taiwan, place a higher value on Taiwan's status
it is therefore important to insure that as an ally of its chn on the fundamental
any actions taken at this time are fully rights
consistent not only with American na- Interestingly, the widely respected
tional interests but with the interests of Freedom House annually publishes a
the people of this fragile island. In this Comparative Survey of Freedom which
regard, I would like to comment briefly ranks nations worldwide on the degree
on certain aspects of the situation on of freedom, using a scale of 1 to 7-
Taiwan which I believe have not received with the higher numbers indicating in-
sufficient notice. creasing degrees of repression. In its rat-
In my judgment, the debate on nor- ings published this month, Taiwan re-
malizing relations with the government ceived a 5, political rights, and a 4,
in Peking should occasion serious recon- civil liberties, rating while the PRC regis-
sideration of the support we have gener- tered 6 to 6 on the Freedom House scale.
ated over the past 30 years to the less This is compared to a 1 to 1 rating for
than democratic Nationalist Govern- the United States. Taiwan's rating re-
ment of Taiwan. As this subcommittee flects a narrowly controlled political sys-
knows, the population of Taiwan consists tem and is hardly impressive in its
of two major elements: The native Tai- contrast with the PRC. While the basic
wanese who constitute approximately 85 political freedom and certainly economic
percent of the island's inhabitants, and opportunity are greater on Taiwan than
those mainland Chinese who fled with the mainland, it can only be described
Chiang Kai-shek to Taiwan who, along as tragic that Taiwan has not adopted
with their descendants, comprise the policies which would put it at the fore-
other approximately 15 percent. front of democratic expression.
Yet today, the Nationalist Govern- It strikes me that we have in Taiwan,
ment consists almost exclusively of at this point in history, something re-
members of Chiang Kai-shek's party, the sembling a people without a country and
Kuomingtang. There is little oppor- a government lacking a legitimatizing
tunity for participation by native Tai- basis of authority. Generally speaking,
wanese in national elections. The major- legitimacy derives from either historical
ity of seats in the National Assembly are claim or consent of the governed. There
held by individuals who theoreti:ally is a distinction between a government
reng
o s
shall take all appropriate steps
and expand the ties between the people of
the United States and the people of Taiwan
and to promote full human rights for all the
people of Taiwan.
Regarding this language, I should like
to stress that any effort on our part to
encourage greater freedom and self-
representation on Taiwan does not nec-
essarily conflict with the administra-
tion's recent commitments to the PRC.
On several occasions, Vice Premier Teng
Hsiao-ping has expressed his willingness
to accept Taiwan's own social and eco-
nomic system as well as armed forces.
But whatever steps are taken to resolve
the international status of Taiwan it
should be understood by all sides that
the future of the Taiwanese people ought
to be decided by those representing the
majority of the people on the island, not
by a government unwilling to open. its
doors to full popular participation.
In addition, it would be my hope that
in any legislation dealing with the legiti-
mate security needs of the - Taiwanese
people, a strong sense of the Congress
should be established that the U.S. Gov-
ernment not transfer any weapons, such
as riot control equipment, which are of
a nature that appear primarily oriented
to maintaining internal order as opposed
.to external security.
Unfortunately, the timing of President
Carter's December 15 announcement re-
garding normalization of relations with
the PRC had unsuspected implications
for the domestic political situation on
Taiwan. Within hours of the President's
g
still exercised broad control over the civil war in China is over. The Nation- announcement, the Nationalist Govern-
mainland. This anachronistic arrange- alist claim to the mainland would ap- ment seized upon the normalization
ment adds up to stark underrepresenta- pear fictional and its basis of consent action as a pretext to indefinitely post-
tion for the people of Taiwan-even on the island lacking democratic test. pone local elections which had been
though the island now represents the Accordingly, in considering the legisla- scheduled for December 22 and decreed
total extent of Nationalist control. Since tion which will establish new unofficial the suspension of all political activity on
elections cannot be held in the 34 main- ties with the Taiwanese people, I would Taiwan. By many accounts these. elec-
land Provinces, the Nationalist Govern- urge the members of this subcommittee tions-although for a small number of
ment maintains that those who were to include language which will encourage seats in the general assembly-would
elected 30 years ago from these Prov- the Nationalist Chinese authorities in have resulted in significant gains for po-
inces-some of whom today reside Taiwan to come to terms with political litical candidates opposing the Kuoming-
abroad-have lifetime rights to their reality themselves and to begin good- tang Party. Those familiar with the
seats. This aged minority of former faith efforts to establish a new basis of internal political situation in Taiwan
mainlanders therefore controls the leg- legitimacy resting on the consent of the were keenly aware of the significance of
islative branch of the Nationalist Gov- governed and to permit full establish- this political event. The President's de-
ernment. ment of constitutional liberties such as cision to announce normalization just
Perhaps this situation would be more freedom of the press, freedom of expres- 8 days before the election in Taiwan
palatable if the Nationalist Government sion, and the right to assemble. If we, as demonstrated great insensitivity to-or
were benign and passive in nature. But Americans, are truly sincere in our ef- perhaps ignorance of-the internal af-
in fact, it is a harshly repressive regime forts to mold a new policy toward Tai- fairs of the people of Taiwan and may
which for years has denied the majority wan, grounded in truth and reality, this have deprived the majority of the popu-
represent the 35 Provinces of China, only in exile and a government claiming to
1 of which is Taiwan. They were elected represent the political aspirations of the
from their respective Provinces 30 years Taiwanese people. U.S. recognition of the
a o when the Nationalist Government PRC implies our assessment that the
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H 1164 CONG]RJESSIONAIL RECORD-HOuSIE March 8, 1979
lation of any opportunity in the near United States-Taiwan relations on sub- even more convinced than ever before of
future to exercise their right to speak jects of our mutual security, trade, travel, the wisdom of President Carter's move
out at the polls on their own destiny. and other important contracts. to normalize relations.
The consequences of President Carter's The people of Taiwan have been our One of the primary dividends this ac-
precipitous preelection announcement friends for more than three decades. tion will yield is greater long-term stabil-
carries certain irony. For it is the native They are one of our closest allies and I. ity in the Pacific Rim. And one of the
Taiwanese rather than their Government was gravely disappointed when President primary beneficiaries of that stability
who have been most supportive of the Carter announced his intention to recog- should be Taiwan.
U.S. normalizing relations with the PRC nize the People's Republic of China at Normalization of relations between the
and who have always regarded the Na- the expense of our friends on Taiwan. United States and China recognizes the
tionalist claim, to mainland China as Mr. Chairman, my close observations- reality in the Far East, and it provides
fantasy. Unfortunately it is these native both from personal visits to Taiwan and real security for Taiwan. We are now in
Taiwanese who were most affected by the through extensive study of the govern- a. much stronger position to influence
timing of the external normalization de- ment and social and economic systems of policy in Peking and, I'm persuaded that
cision and who now find that the modest Taiwan-convince me that this nation of China sees much to gain by establishing,
movement toward internal normalization more than 17 million people is represent- practical working relations with Taiwan.
of the political process on Taiwan itself ative of the very best in terms of an It also has too much to lose now to take
has been severely jeopardized. orderly and progressive society in the ill-conceived actions against Taiwan.
The precarious situation of Taiwanese world today. My trip to China also showed me that
who dare to publicly oppose the policies Although I feel this legislation could we as a Nation and a people have much
,of the Nationalist government was force- go further to insure future political, eco- to offer the Chinese-and we have much
fully underlined in late January when nomic, cultural, and social relations with to learn from them in return. I also
one of the elder statesmen of the respon- the Taiwanese, I do feel it is a distinct learned that Americans and Chinese -
sible political opposition, Yu Teng-fa, improvement over the original measure have much in common, and that com-
was arrested and charged with "sedi- proposed by the administration. monality should be nutured so we both
tion". This individual's crime appears to The sale of defense articles and serv- can grow and prepare for a new cen-
be that he intended to host a conclave of ices to Taiwan is one step toward insur- tury of challenges.
opposition political leaders, the primary ing the security interests of this proud The keynote for our relationship with
purpose of which was to promote a De- country, as well as our own security. China and Taiwan must be flexibility.
cember 25 proclamation which called for However, it is my view that we still need We should not lock ourselves into frozen
the realization of human rights, repre- a stronger commitment to protect Tai- Positions. Events are moving' rapidly in
sentative government and the general wan should the use of military force or the Far East, and as shifts occur, we must
liberalization of Taiwanese politics, and economic coercion endanger their secu- adjust.
and end to 30 years of martial law. This rity. Never has been ' a more golden oppor-
can hardly be termed a radical mani- It appears to me that we will have an tunity for the United States to exert a
festo. Thus, it appears certain that the opportunity to strengthen one of the constructive influence on this region than
arrest of Yu Teng-fa was not for sedi- Provisions of this bill through an amend- now. Our position has never' been
tious activity but rather was an attempt ment to establish a U.S. liaison office in stronger, as we have friendly relations
by the ruling authorities to intimidate Taiwan with a similar Taiwanese liaison with the major powers in this region.
the non-Kuomintang opposition in office located in the United States-giv- Our constructive assistance to Japan and
general. ing the Taiwanese office and personnel Taiwan following World War II is an
Finally, as the subcommittee considers privileges and immunities similar to example of world leadership'not lost on
the legislation dealing with our future those extended to diplomatic missions China, which underwent a bitter experi-
relationship with the people of Taiwan, and personnel of accredited foreign gov- ence with another example of world
I would urge that the recent tragic de- ernments in the United States. My own leadership whose aim was domination,
velopments of Iran be kept. in mind. resolution, House Resolution 108_, re- not mutuality of benefits and equality.
The provision of sophisticated weapons quests that such an official organiza- We are not on the retreat in the Far
to a government does not in and of tion be established. When we opened East. Rather, we are moving forward,
itself assure the security and stability relations with the People's Republic in demonstrating responsible - leadership,
of that government. It is time we be- 1972, we afforded that Government such We have not deserted an ally. Our for-
gin to profit from experience and seek privileges. eign policy in the Far East is evolving as
to insure that the - United States not Mr. Chairman, we should deal with a realistic, futuristic one. This bill is a
be too closely associated with regimes Taiwan on an equal basis with other key building block of that evolving for-
which are not based on the support of allies and foreign countries. Otherwise, eign policy, and therefore merits
the majority of the people. Taiwan stands the chance of being support. Your
While such a policy may have short politically abandoned by other countries I cannot
term advantages and may, indeed, be dic- of the world. The establishment of only
Whether full peunifi fi nor can arcane,
by compelling circumstances at a a non-government entity to handle our Taiwan reuncation r and main,
toted given moment, we must recognize that relations with Taiwan would be an af- land and Taiwan will occur and, if so,
governments which are not responsive to front to these fine people-a mistake we when and how. My instincts tell me,
the aspirations of the majority of their should not make. based on what I saw in China, that
people are living on borrowed time. In Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues reunification will occur-peacefully,
the case of Taiwan the subcommittee has to overwhelmingly pass this legislation bothuCh and and the mutual benefit of
the opportunity to build into the legisla- with such an amendment and let our both China and Taiwan.
tion language which will clearly demon- friends on Taiwan know that they have Each has much in common with the
strate to the world and to the Taiwanese not been forgotten. other. At the moment, each has a com-
that the U.S. Congress is willing to an se Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I yield mon foe-the Soviet Union-who they
? record as encouraging authorities on the 3 minutes to the gentleman from Oregon both feel threatens the Fax East. This
island to grant the native Taiwanese full (Mr. AvCoix). common interest may very well serve
democratic participation in the political 0 1250 as a starting point for real cooperation
process. Majority rule based on respect (Mr. AuCOIN asked and was between the two.
given AsNa number of Chinese officials told
for individual rights is the lynch-pin of Permission to revise and extend his ri--
The foreign policy. We should not slay Mr. AuCOIN. Mr. Chairman, I thank before two sides have worked together
away from advocating such a policy for the gentleman for yielding. gairLSt common enemies; there
the Taiwanese people. is no reason why they cannot again. The
Mr. Chairman., I rise today in support United States should not do anything
Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Chairman, I am of this bill as reported.
pleased to see legislation before us today I just returned from a 12-day visit to processes t any natural reunification
directed at assuring continuation of the People's Republic. of China and am Despite China's recent invasion of
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March 8, 1979
Vietnam, I firmly believe China desper-
ately needs peace if it is to succeed in
its unprecedented modernization pro-
gram. This invasion in one sense can be
seen as a preemptive strike to keep the
Soviet Union at bay and buy time for
China to pull itself up by the bootstraps.
But there is no evidgnce that China is
mobilizing itself for war against Tai-
wan, or is about to launch a campaign
of expansionism. There are too. many
pressing problems, and too many unde-
veloped acres, for that to occur, and I
think responsible, rational Chinese lead-
ers realize that-all too painfully.
This bill is vital if we are to keep our
pledge to maintain viable economic and
cultural ties with Taiwan. This legisla-
tion contains solid assurances for the
continued security of Taiwan.
But as we consider this legislation and
amendments today, I hope my colleagues
will remember that the world exists as
it is, not as we wish it to be.
Many wish there could be two Chinas.
The fact is there is only one China, just
as there is only one Chinese people,
whether they live in Shanghai, Taipei
or San Francisco. Being Chinese is a
common heritage for an entire people,
regardless where they live or under what
government they exist. Theirs is a heri-
tage that has survived dynastic collapse,
foreign occupation, famine, floods, aber-
rations of government policy such as the
cultural revolution and the upheaval of
civil war.
As I left China, I carried with me a
great respect for the Chinese people.
Through the ages, they have achieved
and maintained a high level of civiliza-
tion. That civilization perseveres today,
even though China is scrambling to
escape from widespread poverty and
underdevelopment. I am convinced that
if any underdeveloped nation can break
through and modernize, it is China,
because its people are commited to that
goal. O 1255
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I
yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from.
California (Mr. DANNEMEYER).
(Mr. DANNEMEYER asked and was
given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Chairman,
the issue facing us today has an air of
unreality about it. The Carter adminis-
tration diplomatically recognized the
regime on the mainland of China. One of
the arguments by proponents of that
move is that the United States is now rec-
ognizing the reality of the existence of
800 million people.
Without arguing the merits or demerits
of that position, let us look at the other
side of the coin. The Carter administra-
tion while recognizing the reality of the
People's Republic of China is now deny- treated shabbily at best. I Cheng-loh of
ing the reality of the Republic of Taiwan the Republic of China's Embassy was
and the 17 million people it governs. The forced to leave the United States after a
Republic of China and its people have letter of his appeared in several U.S.
been a longtime ally of the United States newspapers. According to reliable
and an important trading partner. sources, the Government of the Republic
The legislation before us today is a of China was threatened to be cut off
definite improvement over the admin- from even the unofficial American In-
istration's bill and position but it is still stitute if the 'Republic of China did not
trying to deal with the whole China issue accept the Carter proposal. There has
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE IHI 1165
in a hypocritical fashion. There is in ex-
istence a Republic of China. It has a his-
tory. It does govern 17 million people on
Taiwan, the Pescadores, and the offshore
islands. In other words, it is a country.
At the minimum we should have some
form of government-to-government rela-
tions. That is why earlier this Congress I
introduced legislation-H.R. 1925-which
authorizes a U.S. liaison office to be insti-
tuted in Taipei, Taiwan. But the Carter
administration is caught up in its own
fiction that the governmental entity of
the Republic of China does not exist.
This would be bad enough in itself, but,
as we all know, there is more. The Carter
administration is trying to build its for-
eign policy in Asia on a further fiction.
That fiction is that our longtime friend
and ally the Republic of China on Taiwan
does not have to worry about the Com-
munist rulers on the mainland trying to
invade, coerce, or extort the people of
Taiwan. Supposedly, we all know that
the People's Republic of China has no de-
sire -to forcefully take over Taiwan.
Unfortunately, the leaders of the
People's Republic of China do not quite
go along with this fiction of the Carter
administration. They have never ruled
out force or any other means to take
over Taiwan. Is it not nice how President
Carter, his advisers, and the State De-
partment are deciding for the people and
Government of Taiwan what other coun-
tries intensions are for them.
Of course, one only has to look at re-
cent history to see just how peaceful the
have invaded Vietnam. In the 1960's they
got into a border conflict with India. In
the 1950's they crushed the Tibetan
people-a people that they had promised
autonomy to. In the early 1960's the In-
ternational Commission of Jurists found
that the Chinese Communists had com-
mitted genocide against the Tibetan
people. And of course, in the early 1950's
there was the Korean war with the in-
volvement of millions of troops from the
supposedly peace-loving People's Repub-
lic of China.
In my opinion this is not much of a
record for the leaders and people of Tai-
wan to feel secure about. Additionally,
the Carter administration has agreed not
to make any-new sales of defensive weap-
ons to Taiwan during 1979.
The Republic of China on Taiwan is a
growing economic power in Asia. The
standard of living of the people has con-
tinually improved. Compared to the
mainland the people of Taiwan enjoy
many freedoms and rights. President
Carter's answer to all of this is to
ignore it.
President Carter has basically told the
leaders and the people of the Republic of
China "trust me." While asking for trust,
the Government of Taiwan has been
been no guarantee from the Carter ad-
ministration of continued U.S. support
for Republic of China membership in
such important economic institutions as
the International Monetary Fund or the
World Bank. What type of defensive
weapons will the Carter administration
be willing to sell to Taiwan?
It is our responsibility as Members of
Congress to attempt to correct the in-
justice that has been perpetrated by the
Carter administration. The interests and
basic principles of our own country
demand no less.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I yield
5 minutes to the gentleman from North
Carolina (Mr. FOUNTAIN).
Mr. FOUNTAIN. Mr. Chairman, I rise
in support of H.R. 2479, the United
States-Taiwan Relations Act. As ranking
majority member of the Foreign Affairs
Committee, I was pleased to cosponsor
this important legislation, and, with some
reservations, to urge its adoption.
Despite my support for the bill, how-
ever, I believe its provisions can be re-
sponsibly made stronger in several re-
spects, and I hope my colleagues will
give serious attention today to any
amendments offered which will reaffirm
our rightful commitment to peace and
freedom on Taiwan-for example, to
establish an official liaison office there.
Mr. Chairman, this bill declares that
peace and stability in the western Pa-
cific-including China-are in our para-
mount national interest, and that con-
tinued relations of every type with Tai-
wan are, as a result, essential. Any at-
tack, against Taiwan would be-and
ought to be-of grave concern to our
country, and continued shipments of
defensive arms to Taiwan as provided for
in the bill are, therefore, necessary. In
addition, the bill recognizes the respon-
sibility to be shared by the President and
the Congress to be prepared to take any
additional appropriate action-military
or otherwise-to resist serious threats to
Taiwan's security.
H.R. 2479 reaffirms the existence of all
treaties and international agreements in
effect between the United States and Tai-
wan at the end of 1978 and provides that
they will continue in force unless and
until terminated under their own terms
or otherwise in accordance with law. All
U.S. laws and programs respecting Tai-
wan will continue to apply as if derec-
ognition had not taken place. Also,
several administrative and technical pro-
visions-both substantive and proce-
dural-are included in the bill.
Mr. Chairman, many of us in this
House were, quite frankly, shocked and
saddened by the President's decision
last December to extend diplomatic rec-
ognition to the PRC without first arriv-
ing at a fair and responsible solution to
the so-called Taiwan question. However,
since former President Nixon's summit
visit to mainland China in 1972 and the
resulting Shanghai Communique, even-
tual diplomatic recognition of the PRC
has been by and large a foregone conclu-
sion in most minds.
Yet, that extension of recognition
should not have occurred, as it did, at
the total expenses of our longtime friends
and allies-of more than 30 years'
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H 1166 CONGRESSIONAL R)ECORD-HOUSIE March 8, 1979
standing-on Taiwan. The Government I am not happy about how the admin- munist countries will not apply to Tai-
and people of Taiwan deserved far better istration has handled this issue. Today wan and exports from Taiwan to the
treatment than what they got-in effect, we cannot go back and unmilk the cow. United States will not be combined with
an eviction notice without a guarantee Today we must fashion an institute so those from the People's Republic of
of due process. that the people on Taiwan can do busi- China in determining limitations under
This legislation. before us today, and ness with the people in the United GSP and orderly marketing agreements.
the counterpart Senate bill now under States. We must carry on our ordinary Does the gentleman concur in that?
debate in that body, are a legitimate and commerce and continue relations. Mr. ZABLOCKI. If the gentleman will
forthright congressional response to our Having been to Taiwan in January yield, the gentleman from Ohio, as most
being left-in practical terms-com- and having sat through the hearings of always, is absolutely correct in this in-
pletely out in the cold by the adminis- the subcommittee and the full commit- terpretation of the provisions of the bill
tration's December action. The Decem- tee, I am convinced at this point that the before us.
ber 15 announcement, made without the chairman of the committee (Mr. ZA- Mr. VANIK. Mr. Chairman, I would
prior consultation with the Congress BLOCKI), and the ranking minority mem- like to further say that Congress has
called for in section 26 of last year's ber, with the staff and the other mem- traditionally reserved its constitutional
foreign aid bill, abrogated at least an bers of the committee, have done as good authority to determine which countries
understanding between the two politi- a job as is possible to protect the people should receive most-favored-nation tar-
cal branches and has been seen by some on Taiwan, under the restrictions that if treatment, and under what conditions
as an example of executive arrogance- we are laboring under. such treatment should be withdrawn.
an attitude that says the executive So I am going to support this bill. i Therefore, I want to establish that H.R.
branch on the one hand cannot trust the want to commend the chairman of the 2479 does not provide in any way au-
judgment and advice of the, people's committee and the members for doing thority to the President or indicate any
elected representatives here in the leg- the work they have done under most dif- prior congressional approval for the
islature, and on the other hand that the ficult conditions. President to withdraw most-favored-
executive branch somehow can conduct Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, will nation status at some future date.
business independently of the Congress, the gentleman yield? Rather, any change proposed in most-
a coequal branch established by article I Mr. PRITCHARD. I yield to the gen- favored-nation trading status for Tai-
of our Constitution. tleman from Ohio. wan would be the subject of legislation
Mr. Chairman, there are those who Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, my referred to the appropriate committee
claim that enactment of this legislation colleague said something that is very of jurisdiction, affording the Congress
is unwise, that it will amount to con- interesting. He said, "under the restric- the opportunity to judge the merits and
gressional acquiescence in the Presi- tions" we are under. It is my understand- economic consequences at the time.
dent's China decision and will in fact ing we are a sovereign body and we can ? I ask the distinguished chairman, are
establish a dangerous precedent for fu- have a legislative input as we see fit my understandings correct?
ture unilateral terminations of mutual consistent with the Constitution. I am Mr. ZABLOCKI. The understanding of
defense or security treaties with our wondering what restrictions we are the gentleman from Ohio is eminently
allies. Others may argue against the laboring under. correct.
legislation on the merits themselves, Mr. PRITCHARD. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. VANIK. During the course of our
urging that the bill does not go far think it is under the facts of life, be- consideration of this legislation, the gen-
enough in guaranteeing defense and cause I do not believe we are going to tleman's committee sent the Committee
economic aid to Taiwan, and that the be able to turn this thing over. I do not on Ways and Means a letter concerning
Congress should not by statute sanction think we have that choice today. The the next tax question.
unofficial, informal, and nongovern- gentleman from Ohio may think we I would like to ask the distinguished
mental relations with Taiwan. do, but I do not. I believe we are doing chairman of the Foreign Affairs Commit-
However, while I am sympathetic to the best we can under the circum- tee several questions so that he.might
those sentiments, I believe this bill is stances. confirm my understanding of the tax
basically the best we can reasonably Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, I consequences of this legislation. First, as
hope for, given the circumstances we thank my colleague for this explanation. I understand it, the U.S. Government
face. For instance, I doubt seriously that 0 1305 will deal with Taiwan through a non-
the President's action will be overturned governmental entity designated by the
in the courts despite some Intriguing Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I President and that for tax purposes this
legal arguments advanced by the plain- yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from entity will be treated exactly the same
tiffs in district court here in Washington Ohio. (Mr. VAmx). as the Federal Government is treated.
who are challenging the constitutional- Mr. VANIK. Mr. Chairman, I want to Is that correct?
ity of that action. say at the outset that I want to com- Mr. ZABLOCKI. The gentleman is cor-
mend Chairman, the Congress is often mend the committee for developing this rect. The sole activity of the designated
faced M. rairman the C a choice be- legislation. I support the goals that it entity will be to conduct the dealings
tween half a loaf and none at all. What seeks to reach. with Taiwan which prior to derecogni-
we have here today may amount to Mr. Chairman, I am concerned, as I tion were conducted by the U.S. Govern-
half a loaf, but it is at the same time at know a number of other Members of the ment, and for purposes of our domestic
least an affirmative expression by the House are, about maintaining the eco- laws it will be treated, to the extent the
least an that fir Taiwan x important, and nomic stability of Taiwan in light of our President specifies, in the same manner Congress that our Nation should take strong steed new relationship with the People's Re- as a Federal agency. It is contemplated
to insure .the continued viability and free public of China. The United States has of course, that the President will specify
eof the people 'there. bd free established over recent years strong eco- that the designated entity will be treated
ex existence ent ask the people Conse- nomic ties with Taiwan, including trade as a Federal agency for tax purposes. Ac-
s the embrace
the tly, I concepts set forth in colleague
bill, and c relations, which are essential to its long- cordingly, it would be exempt from tax,
support these efforts on behalf of free- term economic strength and viability. and contributions to it would be deduct-
dom in the western Pacific, an area of Does the distinguished chairman of ible.
strategic importance to our own peace Foreign Affairs concur my understand- Mr. VANIK. Am I correct that em-
and security here at home. ing that derecognition of the Taiwan ployees of this entity will be treated in
El 1300 Government will not affect, and H.R. the same manner for tax purposes as
2479 will preserve and continue, the cur- Federal Government employees are
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I rent eligibility of Taiwan to nondiscrim. treated?
yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from inatory trade treatment (most-favored- Mr. ZABLOCKI. That is correct. The
Washington (Mr. PRITCHARD). nation status) and the generalized sys- bill explicitly provides that its employees
Mr. PRITCHARD. Mr. Chairman, I tem of preferences (GSP) under U.S. will be treated for tax purposes In the
thank the gentleman for yielding this trade laws. Consequently, restrictions un- same manner as Federal Government
time to me. der U.S. trade laws with respect to Com- employees are treated.
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March 8, .1979
Mr. VANIK. Finally, as I understand
it, the severing of diplomatic relations
with Taiwan will in no way affect the
treatment of Taiwan for tax purposes.
Now this would mean, for example, that
Americans working on Taiwan for the
necessary period would qualify for the
deductions for excess foreign living costs,
and income taxes paid to Taiwan would
qualify for the foreign tax credit if the
other requirements of the code are met.
Also, as is true with foreign govern-
ments, the governing authority on Tai-
wan, or its agencies or instrumentali-
ties, would be exempt as long as the in-
come does not inure to the benefit of any
private individual and it is not derived
from commercial activities. Now this is
a point that I want to be very clear on-
am I correct that there is no way that
any private individual or company could
? use any provision of the bill to escape
U.S. tax under present law.
0 1310
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. VANIK. I am happy to yield to
the chairman.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I thank the gentle-
man for yielding. This is definitely cor-
rect. The exemption from U.S. tax which
would be available to Taiwan would only
extend to governmental activities, and it
would not apply in any sense where the
income was derived from commercial ac-
tivities or the income inured directly
or indirectly to private interests.
Mr. VANIK. I want to thank the dis-
tinguished chairman of the Foreign Af-
fairs Committee for his responses to
these inquiries.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I
yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
California (Mr. DORNAN).
(Mr. DORNAN asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Chairman, I will
ask at the proper time to revise and ex-
tend my remarks so that I may put into
the RECORD of the debate at this point
the very moving farewell speech given
at the Free China flag-lowering cere-
mony at Twin Oaks on last New Year's
Eve by Mr. H. K. Yang, former Vice
Minister of Foreign Affairs for the Re-
public of China.
Mr. Chairman, on December 15, 1978,
President Jimmy Carter dramatically
announced that he was going to sever
diplomatic relations with an old and
faithful ally, the Republic of China:
He declared, furthermore, that he was
going to establish diplomatic rela-
tions with the Communist regime and
terminate the Mutual Defense Treaty
with the Republic of China on January
1, 1979. Some Christmas present for the
people of Taiwan.
Now, the Communist regime is engaged
in a bitter and dangerous war with their
ancient enemies, the Vietnamese.
Against the battle-hardened young vet-
erans of the Vietnamese Army they are
now making considerable headway in
their punitive expedition in retaliation
for the Vietnamese defeat of Communist
China's ally, the bloody regime of Pol
Pot in the devastated country of Cam-
CONGRESSIONA1 RECORD - HOUSE III 1167
bodia. The current demonstration of understanding of the uses of interna-
Chinese conventional power is not, in tional power. Using the United States as
and of itself, awesome. But consider the a platform to warn of the real dangers of
possibilities if the Communists on the Soviet Russian imperialism, it was not
mainland were armed with the most surprising that Vice Premier Teng would
sophisticated weapons. Consider the im- talk openly of punishing the Vietnamese.
pact of their possession of high level He understands the psychological im-
technology on the stability of the inter- petus of his new found relationships
national balance of power. In their legiti- with the United States. He must like-
mate fears of the Russian Bear, Ameri- wise grasp the incredibly naive approach
can foreign policy analysts and political of administration foreign policy lead-
scientists who favor the expansion of ers-who received no concessions what-
trade relations between the Chinese soever, even in negotiating the blatant
Communists and the West are doing betrayal of an old, trusted, and faithful
nothing less than creating the prover- ally. Such behavior must, I think, excite
bial Frankenstein monster, an enormous his contempt.
Leviathan which could, realizing its own Mr. Chairman, the President has said
incomparable demographic strength, that he will veto legislation that would
break loose from the conventional bonds provide long-term assistance to. Taiwan.
of international order and go on a ram- Then, later, it was reported that he would
page through Asia. This is not fancy. It agree to use force in the protection of the
is a very real possibility. In the euphoria Taiwanese. What does that tell us? It
of "normalization," the giddy camara- tells us what we have suspected all along.
derie excited by Comrade Tengs journey This administration has no foreign
to the shores of our republic, I think that policy. This administration makes ad
we have lost sight of the awful potential hoc decisions and proposals in response
of the new Middle Kingdom. to events; but there is little, if any, at-
I am dismayed by the fact that this tempt to control events. There is no
administration continually indulges in vision, no plan, no overall intellectual
wishful thinking and optimistic theoriz- framework.
ing. A classic example of this was the Mr. Chairman, does anyone in the
manner in which we broke diplomatic White House remember human rights?
relations with Taiwan. When asked I mean, does anyone, straining their
whether the Chinese Communists had crania, recall the vaunted importance
given assurances that they would not use, of the principles of human rights and
force against Taiwan, Secretary of State the dignity of men in our foreign pol-
Cyrus Vance replied that he expressed icy. When the President announced his
the hope that such force would not be new China policy, he remarked that he
used and that the Chinese Communists was only "recognizing reality"-the
did not offer any contradiction. What did reality of the Communist conquest . of
that mean? Silence, on their part, told 900 million human beings. Well, I agree
us nothing. But the President went on to that we ought to "recognize" this real-
assure the world that Red China had no ity-all of it, in all of its ugly and heart
intention of attacking Taiwan. In fact, rendering dimensions.
the President already cut the ground Yes, Mr. Chairman, let us extend full,
from under himself when he agreed to complete and unreserved diplomatic re-
Communist China's interpretation in the lations to reality. According to the Guin-
first place. By recognizing the Commu- ness Book of World Records, the re-
nist regime as the sole legitimate govern- gime on mainland China is responsible
ment of China, we have logically as- for more political murders than any
sumed that Taiwan is an internal affair. other government in human history.
The Chinese, quite property, replied that Yes, more than Hitler, Pol Pot, or even
we had no right to determine how they Stalin. The Walker report published by
were to settle their internal affairs. the United States Judiciary Committee
On January 5, 1979, Vice Premier Teng in 1971, estimated that the human cost
Hsiao-p'ng publicly acknowledged that of communism in China since 1949
the Chinese were not going to restrict ranges anywhere from a conservative
themselves to the wishes, hopes, or plead- estimate of 32,000,000 to a high of 61,-
ings of a confused and desperatively 000,000 human souls. It is worth noting
hopeful American administration. He that the Communist Chinese themselves
declared that the Chinese Communists have openly claimed on several occasions
could not rule out the use of force in re- that they have been engaged in mass
uniting Taiwan with the mainland. He executions of so-called class enemies.
reiterated, once more, the point that the As with virtually every major totali-
question of Taiwan is solely an internal tarian political experiment since Lenin
matter. seized power in 1917, the force labor con-
Under what interpretation of national centration camp has become a standard
or international law, the custom and us- apparatus of repression. While there are
age of states and nations, could the no official government estimates of dis-
Carter administration possibly believe sidents or prisoners forced into what the
that the Chinese Communists have no Communists call Lao Dong Gai Zao-
legal or moral right to use force in the reformed through force manual labor-
resolution of internal disorder or dis- a 1964 estimate published by the Guin-
turbances? The President had already ness Book of World Records was 16,000-
given the proverbial game away. 000. Where was Teng Hsiao-ping during
The fundamental difference in percep- this period of Communist rule. He was
tion between the administration analysts in the center of the violence, literally
in the United States and the leaders of wading in the blood of innocent victims.
the Communist regime on the mainland As I said there is no reason why we
is that the latter exhibit a fine-tuned ought not to extend diplomatic relations
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to every facet,of reality-even those we 800 million Chinese who have been forced to make up about 50 percent of the small
boast and toast. live under an oppressive, totalitarian Com- 222 fighter plane force of Taiwan.
On December 31, 1978, the day before mu~niis hregime. Indeed, we are continuing
The small F-5 fighter, again 1950 tech-
the United States decided to derecognize g against Communism for all free- nology, makes up the rest of their Air
its veteran friend in war and prosperous dom-loving people the world over.
We regret that the United States Govern- Force. This small force is in no way capa-
trading partner in peace, former Vice ment chooses to terminate diplomatic rela- ble of defending that island for more
Minister of Foreign Affairs for the Re- tions with us at a time when our people on than a few hours.
public of China, H. K. Yang, delivered a the China mainland have begun to question The pathetic figure of only 222 defen-
farewell address. It was a very moving the Communist regime, defiantly and cou- sive aircraft is undercut by the low num-
speech. It revealed the bravery and de- land us not ahsy the economy on 'the main- ber of small surface ships-only 111-
termination of the fine people he rep-
of good as it is in the Republic just 111 surface ships, the very last bastion le the rep- China on Taiwan. Through such questions, ps, not one of which
the people are challenging Communism both has a surface-to-surface missile of the
erable culture of Confucious in the world as a form of government and as a way of life. modern type necessary for effective is-
today. If the raison d'etre of a government is the land defense. The Soviet "Styx"-type
As I said, I think we ought to examine promotion of the welfare of the people, then missile used against the Israelis to sink
the whole of reality in all of its heart- I would say that my government, the Gov- their largest ship, the destroyer Elat, in
rendering dimensions. Mr. Yang's speech, ernment of the Republic of China, can stand the 1973 war, is an example of what Com-
therefore, cannot be overlooked-even the test. For the Chinese people living under munist navies have today in heavy num-
from the very high altitudes of the State my government enjoy a standard of living at
Department. least four times higher' than that of the bers. Our ally Taiwan was given zero
I ask my colleagues to read it with full Moreover, eliving under the Peiping regime. missiles by their great protector, the
people in the Republic of United States.
awareness of the tragic history our cur- China on Taiwan enjoy full freedom while In other words, we in the first deli-
rent administration is writing: on the China mainland the people are even gation to visit Taiwan after our admin-
TwiN OAxs ADDRESS. BY VICE-MINISTER OF denied the freedom of silence. istration cut them adrift pressed our mil-
FOREIGN AFFAIRS H. K. YANG OF THE RE- We as a government never pay lip service
PUBLIC OF CHINA to grandiose ideas of certain political philos- itary liaison people in Taiwan in January
ophies. Yet, I am proud to say that under to give us a factual briefing about the
(Delivered at the flag-lowering ceremony the leadership of President Chiang Ching- , military hardware we left them for de-
held at Twin Oaks, Washington, D.C. on kuo, politically ours is an open society; and fense. The answer was, a loud, clear,
December 31, 1978) ' economically we are moving, quietly but tragic. The Taiwanese are in a desperate
It is with 's heavy heart that I am here to vigorously, in the direction of an egalitarian situation and their obsolete U.S. planes
officiate the ceremony of the lowering of society. We have confidence in our leader-
our national flag-the flag of the Republic ship. We have confidence in our Govern- and ships are wholly inadequate. So, I
of China. ment. And we have confidence in ourselves. hope we will go into depth on their fragile
fellow citizens-who are grathered here at
Twin Oaks to take one more look at our na-
tional flag before it is taken down. Your pres-
ence gives us strength and confidence. Your
presence speaks eloquently of the fact that
in our fight for a just cause we are not
alone.
China and the United States exchanged
ministers exactly a hundred years ago. Ever
since 1912 when the Republic of China was
brought into being, the first republic in
Asia, our two countries have maintained
close and cordial diplomatic relations.
Throughout the long years, in war or in
peace, I am not aware of a single occasion
when the Republic of China did anything
perfidious or wrong to the United States.
Our people, known for their trustworthi-
ness, honesty and loyalty, have always en-
deavored to live up to the moral and ethical
standards they set for themselves in their
dealings with the people of the United States.
It is therefore only natural that we feel dis-
tressed when we realize that our national flag
is not to be raised here at Twin Oaks after
the end of this year, because President Car-
ter has decided that on January 1st, 1979,
the United States will terminate diplomatic
relations with us the Republic of China-a
loyal friend and ally of the United States,
and establish relations with our enemy the
Chinese Communist regime.
Beginning tomorrow, relations between the
Republic of China and the United States of
America shall undergo changes. Surely, there
will be modifications and readjustments. Al-
though the names of our respective embas-
sies in Taipei and Washington, D.C. shall go
into limbo, yet our many-faceted realistic
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 8, 1979
of China will continue to strive for freedom
and democracy and peace with justice-a
just cause to which all of us who are gath-
ered here have long dedicated ourselves.
Dear friends and fellow citizens, we may
be facing a long dark night. But as long as
we can persevere and keep our chins up-
and I am sure we can-we shall be able to
come here again soon, with renewed convic-
tion and dedication, to welcome a new dawn
and a new era in the relations between the
Republic of China and the United States of
America.
Before concluding, I should like to assure
all of you that with conviction and confi-
dence, we shall return! And we shall return
with this same flag-the national flag of the
Republic of China.
Thank you.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I
yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from
Illinois (Mr. DERWINSKI).
(Mr. DERWINSKI asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. DERWINSKI. I yield to the gentle-
man from Idaho.
(Mr. HANSEN asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I
strongly oppose the administration's
plan to provide for a private institute
for handling U.S. dealings with the Re-
public of China on Taiwan
A terrible
.
I hope, during the coming debate on tragedy is about to occur unless we act
the Taiwan issue amendments that we decisively to prevent 17 million free peo-
discuss thoroughly the security of Tai- ple who have fled and fought commu-
wan, and the military preparedness con- nism from being forced back into -its
dition in which their good friend, _the jaws.
United States of America, leaves them. The Republic of China on Taiwan is
I hope that no one refers to Taiwan as our eighth largest trading partner-
being "armed to the teeth." We must much greater than the Soviet Union and
differentiate between the skill of trained Red China combined.
soldiers, sailors and airmen, that is be- American bankers and businessmen in
tween the brave men and women of the Taiwan have billions at stake which
Republic of China's defense forces and must be protected, and American farm-
the aging, obsolete, inferior equipment ers and businessmen could well lose all
we allowed them to purchase. or part of an $8 billion market-one of
Please do not confuse this stupid ex- the only world markets unsubsidized by
pression "armed to the teeth" with the U.S. taxpayers.
hardware we have left behind. Take their. I have just returned from Tai
Th
wan.
e
nomic developments, in cultural and scien- F-100 fighter aircraft for example. The people there want and need a continued
tiflc exchanges, in people-to-people interflow `Hun' was a great fighter when we official government-to-government rela-
will not only continue but also flourish. brought it into our inventory in the fif- tionship and a continuation of the Mu-
The lowering of our national flag does not ties. I checked-out in the F-100 aircraft tual Defense Treaty.
mean that we are giving up our fight against over 22 years ago. Twenty-two years in The institute proposal condemns the
Communism. Fight we will. We in the Re- fighter technology is more than a life- _ people of Taiwan to nonentity status
public of China have the courage not to bow time. The Air National Guard of the among the family of nations giving the
before
against brutal forces Communism of Communism. not only only for ar the fight State of Arizona, for example, and of Communist Chinese Government a
e
seventeen million Chinese living in Taiwan, South Carolina and Tennessee picked up hunting license to absorb Taiwan when
but also for more than twenty million over- F-104, aircraft over 20 years ago and that and as it will as a matter of internal
seas Chinese living in all parts of the world. plane is another in the Taiwan defense politics, with relative immunity from
And, what is, more, we do It also for the inventory. Our old ' F-100's and F-104's serious challenge from other nations.
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March, 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
The institute proposal has seriously
disturbed and threatened the American
business community concerned with Tai-
wan who fear loss of markets, loss of in-
vestments, loss of assets, and already
evident Red Chinese intimidation in do-
ing business with Taiwan.
We need more than resolutions of
good intent in these critical' times-we
need firm-decisive action preserving
our longtime official government-to-gov-
ernment relations with the Republic of
China in Taiwan. There has been an
official two-China policy for years, since
President Nixon opened the mainland,
with U.S. liaison offices in Peking and a
U.S. Embassy in Taipei. I have the per-
sonal assurance from Republic of China
Premier Sun that despite U.S. recogni-
tion of the Peking government, Taiwan
has always desired and continues to de-
sire full official diplomatic relations with
the United States.
The issue requires a strong stand to
protect America and Americans, and to
help assure the independence and free-
dom of 17 million Chinese people on
Taiwan.
Free China is not our enemy. Free
China has not committed acts of hos-
tility against the United States. Free
China is only guilty of being our friend
and ally in a world where faithful
friends are often hard to find.
In the legislation we finally approve
today we must act to protect American
and free Chinese interests by preserving
the international status of the sovereign
Republic of China and balancing our re-
lations with the two Chinas.
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I
thank the gentleman for his statement.
I know that the gentleman in the proc-
ess delivered specific criticism of the
administration, and many other Mem-
bers have; and because they have, I will
take the high road. I do not criticize, the
administration as much as I call the
Members' attention to the fact that the
passage of this bill is necessary by the
action of the administration. I think the
administration is wrong, but the damage
is done. The facts of life are that unless
we pass this bill and then solve what-
ever problems remain in conference with
the Senate, then we would be letting
down our friends in Taiwan.
I will have a number of amendments
to insure the status of Taiwan in inter-
national organizations; to prevent the
PRC's interference with the economy of
Taiwan; to, and to strengthen the anti-
boycott provisions in the bill.
^ 1315
Then I also have an amendment deal-
ing with the ability of Taiwan to pur-
chase defense arms without interfer-
ence, political, or otherwise,, from the
government in Peking.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to point
out to the Members the reality of the
situation. "Reality" is a favorite word
here in Washington these days, and
there is reality in this discussion of the
situation involving the Chinas.
My personal opinion is that we should
not have normalized relations with the
government in Peking unless they ac-
cepted the continuation of our relations
with the government in Taipei. In my
11169
personal opinion, there are two Chinas, The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from
just as there are two Koreas and there Illinois (Mr. FINDLEY) is recognized for 5
are two Germanys. The problem is com- minutes.
pounded by the fact that neither of the Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, will the
Chinas accept the fact, but realistically, gentleman yield?
there are two Chinas. Mr. FINDLEY. I yield to the gentle-
I would like to discuss with the Mem- man from Florida.
bers one of the Chinas, mainland China. (Mr. KELLY asked and was given per-
We are going to give enough attention mission to revise and extend his re-
to the Republic of China this afternoon. marks.)
I would suggest that one must keep in Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in
mind that the People's Republic of China opposition to the bill.
is not necessarily the most stable regime Mr. Chairman, the purpose of these
in existence on the globe today, and that remarks is not to question the recogni-
the method by which heads of state are tion of the PRC, but to oppose action by
changed there and the method by which the Congress that will complete the
wall posters change the political course abandonment of the defense interests of
of events would lead us to conclude that the United States in the Western Pacific.
they are something less than an absolute The most disturbing aspect of the
reliable diplomatic or trade partner. In
fact, in the last few weeks the People's
Republic of China found it necessary to
advise the Japanese that some of the fat
contracts they expected will be non-
existent,and that should be a lesson to
us.
Mr. Chairman, one of the speakers
earlier in debate mentioned Chinese oil.
I suggest that all of the Members do a
little research into this . question of
'Chinese oil. There is not going to be that
much available, and the quality of
Chinese oil is going to be a panacea to
Therefore, if any Members think that
Chinese oil is 'going to be a panacea to
our energy problem, think again. It is
not.
Mr. Chairman, looking at this situa-
tion realistically, I would suggest that
in this legislation we express the intent
of Congress in this fashion: First, that
we want to insure the security of the
people of Taiwan; and if that means
from time to time dealing with their
governmental entity, so be it. Second,
we want to insure their presence in in-
ternational organizations. We want to
insure that they will not be subject, di-
rectly or indirectly, to any trade boycott;
and then in the spirit of the President's
great interest in human rights, I am sure
all Members would agree with me that
it would be an absolute tragedy and a
blot on the record of this country if we
in any way condoned the loss of rights
which the 17 million people on Taiwan
President's abrupt normalization of re-
lations with the People's Republic of
China is the apparent disregard of U.S.
security interests in the Western Pacific.
For the past 30 years, Taiwan has been
a key strategic link in the U.S. Western
Pacific defenses. During most of that
time, the United States did not even rec-
ognize the Communist government on
the mainland.
My concern is that in our haste to
recognize the "reality" of 1 billion Chi-
nese on the mainland, we should not ig-
nore the reality of 17 million free Chi-
nese on Taiwan who represent an impor-
tant U.S. defense ally. At best, the Presi-
dent's action would transfer the initiative
for dealing with Taiwan to the Commu-
nists. At worst, it would deliver a free
nation-in a shrinking world of free-
dom-over to communism.
Government-to-government relations
between the United States and Taiwan
must be reestablished, with the United
States retaining the international stand-
ing in law to defend the Republic of
China, Taiwan, against military aggres-
sion or economic sanctions.
Without government-to-government
relations, the United States will have
recognized Peking's sovereignty over
Taiwan, and thereby will have conceded
that any effort by Peking to absorb
Taiwan, by any means, would be strictly
an internal affair of Communist China,
and any interference on our part would
constitute an act of war against the PRC
now enjoy. the same as though the PRC would in-
Compared to the situation on the terfere with Hawaii. I do not think the
mainland, Taiwan is Utopia, not just in United States should be so willing to sur-
an economic sense, but in the political, render our foreign policy flexibility to
social, and religious sense, and in every the Communists.
other way in which a comparison could As we consider Teng's appeals to the
be made. United States to join with the PRC in an
Mr. Chairman, I believe it is the in- alliance against the Russian "polar
tent of Congress, fortified by public sup- bear," let us also consider that ideologi-
port, that regardless of this change of cally, Peking is much closer to Moscow
recognition in government. the public than to Washington. An unmistakable
wants us to maintain the fullest possible reminder of that fact is that in T'ien An
cooperation with the people and the gov- Men square, in the center of Peking,
ernmental entities on Taiwan so that there are five pictures, each some 20 feet
their progressive way of life and their high. The men pictured are Mao, Stalin,
economic success story may continue and Lenin, Marx, and Engels. Thomas Jeffer-
that their relations with the United son is not pictured.
States at all levels may continue. That Furthermore, while Teng was in this
will be in the best interests of our coun- country pleading the commonality of in-
try as well. terests between his country and ours,
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, to Communist insurgents trained and sup-
close debate on the minority side, I yield. ported by the PRC continued their pres-
the balance of our time to the gentle- sure on the free governments of Thai-
man from Illinois (Mr. FINDLEY). land, Burma, and Malaysia. This past
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Uff 117? CONGRESSIONAL IRIECOIRD-HOUSIE March 8, 1979
Tuesday, after Teng left this country, people with a deep affection for the Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I yield
President Carter received Thai Prime people on Taiwan and a deep concern the remaining time on this side to close
Minister Kriangsak Chomanan, whose about their future. That certainly is true debate to the gentleman from New York
country is one target of the insurgents, in my case. (Mr. WOLFF) the chairman of. the Sub-
and told him: For me personally today is the culmi- committee on Asian and Pacific Affairs
Our nation ... is deeply committed :. , nation of a very long trail which began of the Committee on Foreign Affairs.
to the freedom of Thailand. back in 1967 when I had the temerity to ^ 1325
In a recent interview, Vice-Premier speak up for the entry of China into the Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I yield
Teng said that with respect to worldwide United Nations, the opening of the door the remaining 7 minutes of our time to
geopolitical considerations: to China, the establishment of normal
U.S. diplomatic 'relations with China. I We gentleman from New York (Mr.
It is in the interest of the U.S. to maintain believe I was the first Member of the WOLFF).
the status quo. House and Senate to do so, and this was (Mr. WOLFF asked and was given
While the Vice-Premier would not not met with universal applause in my Permission to revise and extend his re-
agree, I think that his statement applies home district, I can assure the Members. marks.)
with special force to our relationship I mention that be:ause today is impor- eased today to t joi n Mn C with myth I an,
with Taiwan. It is -not in this country's tant to me personally, and I am grati- Mo wren nt chairman,
interest to abandon Taiwan-an Impor- fled to have been able to serve in this as we present the House
tant defense base and trading partner- body long enough to see this day come. with the the United States-Taiwan Relations
in order to placate the PRC-a Commu- I am also pleased to note the important Act, H.R. 2479.
nist nation. role that the Republican Party has had The chairman has already outlined the Princip The United States is a Pacific nation, over the years in the development of my stral features of the bill. Let me add
Our 50th State, Hawaii, lies some 3,000 China relations. John Hay, a Republican my strong endorsement of it for two
miles out into that ocean. Our largest Secretary. of State, opened the, door to First, general reasons:
State, Alaska, repository of untold China many years ago. It was a Republi- then First, the our bill remedies administration a .bmajor t is -
wealth in minerals, oil, and gas, extends can, Henry Kissinger, who made the first . the failure ssueof s-
by the Aleutian Island chain hundreds initiative on the_ China mainland lead- fa to address the issue of Tal-
by miles into the Pacific. California, our ng to the establishment of a liaison mis- v'an's security.
most populous State, has 800 miles of sion there. It was a Republican Presi- tration's four bill rad a uat lye a foe he
Pacific coast. The shipping lanes of the dent, Richard Nixon, who set in motion framework ailure under to which the ic thep Beante e ec-
Pacific carry trade between the United the 'orders, the process that led to the private
and Japan, which for years has opening of the Liaison Office.. And it was tor will continue its economic and it-
been our largest overseas trading part- a Republican of continuing rominence, peoplehair man with Taiwan and its
ner. United States Pacific defense strat- George Bush, who served as First Chief People. Chairman ZABLOCKI has already
egy must begin with the protection of of the Liaison Office. In this eea
a-
our friends in South Korea, Japan, the Much has been said and will be said two sum, thhen, our bill admins rthe
Philippines, and Taiwan. We should later today about the quality of life or tion major bill in constructive ste the which will
ever voluntarily give up any of these lack thereof in China, and I certainly ways which wiallies. 3' both enhance normalization of relations
Government-to-government status is exist hold no brief ffor the or the society, that does between the United States and the Peo-
essever m nttoethis country's that that ple's Republic of China, and provide the
abil- government carries out. To me that is people on Taiwan with the legal and
ity to protect its security interests in the not the important issue that we face psychological assurances they need to
Pacific and to protect our credibility today. The important issue we face today continue the traditional United States-
among the nations of the free world. is the desirability of gaining the con- Taiwan relationship.
This bill Is an extention of the Carter venience of full diplomatic relations with As you know, I am the principal spon-
administration's policy of retreat and a very Important world power. The ex- sor in the House of the Kennedy-Wolff
not in the interest of the United States tension of diplomatic relations should bill on Taiwan's security, H.R. 167. More
and freedom in the world. not be viewed as conferring a compli- than 100 of our colleagues joined in co-
Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Chairman, first of ment upon the regime in the Peoples sponsoring this important legislation, as
all, I want to congratulate the chairman Republic of China, nor aproval of the did more than 30 of our colleagues in the
of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and policies that It is carrying out. Rather, Senate.
his staff and his colleagues on both sides it is a means of securing a convenience, I am pleased to be able to report to
of the aisle for what I think is an excel- a convenience of great importance to our the House that Joint House Resolu-
lent piece of work. Nation.
Most of the legislation we handle in If we establish diplomatic relations rated167
into the bill before us todaycFrm
this Chamber is really not made on Cap- only with countries whose societies we the outset, Chairman ZABLOCKI and I to-
itol Hill. It is made at the other end of approve and whose policies we approve, gether with our colleagues on the For-
Pennsylvania Avenue. This is a notable we will deal with very few countries. If eign Affairs Committee, were determined
exception and a splendid example of we have diplomatic relations only with that the issue of Taiwan's security, as
congressional Initiative far superior to those countries that enshrine human well as the overall American interest, be
the language which was suggested by the rights as I believe they are in this coun- addressed in a responsible fashion in the
Department of State and which was first try, we will have very few embassies on omnibus legislation requested by the ad-
suggested at the other end of the Capitol the face of the earth; if we go that route, ministration.
Building. So It is a quality piece of we will be shortchanged as a nation, un- The Asiah and Pacific Subcommittee
legislation. able to deal as effectively as we can given
^ 1320 the presence of normal diplomatic rela- has spent 3 full years discussing all
the ramifications normalization
in-
I will not discuss the circumstances lions in all major nations. eluding the tripartite relationship, the
he
that have led us to this day. To me the In a sense we are establishing by this political, security, and economic aspects
important thing is the bottom line, the bill a relationship with the government as they affect the United States. We have
fact that normal relationships have now on Taiwan, but not calling the govern- spent many long hours, including some
been established with the most populous ment on Taiwan a government. To that half-dozen hearings, this year, at the
nation on earth, a nation of great im- extent it is cosmetic but sometimes subcommittee and full committee level,
portance to our own future. The normal- cosmetic treatment is important. In this going into every necessity and every nu-
ization has been arranged in a way that, case it helps to make possible this larger ance of the security Issue.
with the enactment of this legislation,. and, I think, very important goal of. We are satisfied that the language be-
creates a position of decency and, I full diplomatic relations with the Peo- fore you today represents the security
think, reasonable security for the people ple's Republic of China.
On Taiwan. I believe that every district The CHAIRMAN Pro tempore. meets the n Taiwan the e manner which
Representative In this Chamber has time of the gentleman has expired. The meets onimpo importantly, admanner which
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
meets the interests of the United States.
Let me stress that the security lan-
guage before the House today authorizes
the President to take whatever action
he deems advisable in the event of a
threat to Taiwan's security, including the
threat of economic blockade or boycott.
The language does not exceed the lan-
guage of the War Powers Act, a point I
emphasize because I am afraid that some
of our colleagues here today would urge
upon us language which-and I will be
frank-constitutes a virtual "Gulf of
Tonkin resolution" on Taiwan.
I make this point for two reasons:
First, we have all learned the lesson,
I think of the dangers of an open-ended
grant to Presidential power. That is the
purpose, and the virtue of War Powers,
which I and Chairman ZABLOCKI fought
so hard to make into law.
The second reason I would urge upon
you is historical as well and that is take
a careful look at the language of the mu-
tual defense treaty signed in 1954 by
John Foster Dulles. I think the acid test
for any language proposed today as a
substitute to the commitee's work is to
judge it in light of what was seemed nec-
essary and appropriate in 1954. I think
that you will agree the language of our
bill meets the tests of history, and of
commonsense in protecting the vital
interests of the United States.
For those who are concerned that our
language has no real "teeth," let me call
your attention to testimony before the
Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Af-
fairs which echoed the public remarks
of President Carter that, if appropriate,
he would not hesitate to use force to de-
fend Taiwan.
Our subcommittee received detailed
testimony from political and legal
experts of the State Department that
under international law, the President
would have legal justification for the use
of force if deemed necessary and concur-
red in by the Congress in defense of Tai-
wan. .The legislation before you today
provides the President with the flexibil-
ity he needs, while at the'same time
mandating that, under War Powers, he
report to the Congress and receive the
approval of Congress for his actions.
But I would point out that our bill
goes even further to meet the concerns
expressed by so many of us:
First, the bill specifically mandates a
continued U.S. role in supplying Taiwan
with defensive weapons, even after ex-
piration of the Mutual Defense Treaty
in December.
Second, the bill specifically directs the
President to promptly inform the Con-
gress of any danger to U.S. interests
arising from threats to Taiwan, includ-
ing, as I have already noted, the threat
of economic boycott or blockade.
In sum, then, the bill before you meets
any realistic, and, I feel, any possible
threat to Taiwan, now and in the fu-
ture, and I urge adoption of H.R. 2479.
I further urge any of our colleagues
May I add the following important
historical perspective:
I received a letter from former Presi-
dent Nixon, the author of the opening
to China, which prompts today's debate.
In that February 14 letter, Mr. Nixon
made two points I would like to share
with the House today:
In (Shanghai Communique) the U.S. "re-
affirmed" its support of a peaceful resolution
of the Taiwan issue. I consider that to be
an unequivocal moral commitment. In my
view U.S. policies toward the P.R.C. and
Taiwan in . the future should be formulated
in a way to honor that commitment.
Mr. Nixon goes on to note:
.. at a time when U.S. credibility as a
dependable ally and friend is being ques-
=tioned in a number of countries, it is also
vitally important that. the Taiwan issue be
handled in a way which will reassure other
nations-whether old friends, new friends
or wavering friends-that it is safe to rely
on America's word and to be America's
friend. .
Mr. Chairman, I would suggest that
H.R. 2479 meets the tests suggested by
Mr. Nixon-the twin tests of credibility
and moral commitment.
The tests must be linked, for surely
a moral commitment which is stated in
unrealistic language does not meet the
genuine security or national interests of
the United States. Thus, a commitment
of that nature can hardly serve as a
credible commitment, no matter how
well-intentioned.
In sum, then, H.R. 2479 is a credible,
moral, and legal commitment precisely
because it is also a realistic commit-
ment, one which does not go beyond the
bounds of American national interest.
Mr. HUTTO. Mr. Chairman, I feel it
necessary to state for the RECORD why I
will be absent for the vote on H.R. 2479,
United States-Taiwan Relations Act, and
also to state my view on this legislation.
I will be, at the time of this vote, on
my way to Alaska with other members
of the Merchant Marine and Fisheries
Committee to "view, firsthand, the lands
in question under H.R. 39, the Alaskan
lands bill. During the visit, we will be
holding hearings to receive testimony
directly from the many citizens who
cannot bear the expense to travel to
Washington. As you know, this legisla-
tion is of major importance to the people
of the United States, the State of Alaska,
and the future generations of America. I
determined that this visit to Alaska was
necessary after hearing numerous hours
of testimony in the subcommittee and
reading hundreds of pages of arguments.
both'pro and con, on this legislation. Due
.to my departure time, I must be absent
at the time of the vote.
Let me now turn my attention to the
legislation in question, the United States-
Taiwan Relations Act.
As I have noted time and again, before
this body and to my constituents, I have
always supported a strong defense as a
deterrent to aggression by. our adver-
saries. We must remember though that
who still feels an amendment to the our adversaries, those whose ongoing
security section is in order to carefully commitment is world domination, are
read pages 5 and 6 of the committee philosophically opposed to us and our
report spelling out the ideas I have position and will leave no stone unturned
briefly highlighted. in bringing -us into their fold.
.111171.
The United States has been a main-
stay of the free world for many years.
Our friends could always count on us;
our strength, our compassion, and our as-
sistance. It is disturbing, to me as a citi-
zen, as it must be to. our many allies,
when we capriciously abandon an. ally
who has fervently supported us even
when things were darkest.
Other allies must now be reconsidering
their policy toward the United States and
the . nondemocratic nations. How will
other nations, both large and small, react
when the United States calls upon them
to stand tall against a major philosoph-
ical adversary? Were I a leader of one of
these nations, I would surely consider
my position should the United States
abandon my nation. Let us hope that the
United States not obtain the title of a
"fair-weather friend" in international
circles. I trust the President, the Depart-
ment of State, and the Senate have con-
sidered these ramifications.
I further question the intelligence of
using the hard earned technological ad-
vances of this great Nation to advance
the nations committed to our downfall.
As the administration views the world,
free and Communist, with compassion,
let them remember that in incident after
incident, the nondemocratic nations have
failed to follow our lead. When the time
comes for a hard line disagreement on .
an issue and our adversaries have our
technological advances available to them,
will they be compassionate?
If the policy of the administration is to
pursue these ties with Communist China,
then let us insure that our close friends
on Taiwan are guaranteed the right to
maintain their free and democratic life-
style. I believe that the United States
owes this guarantee to a people who have
been friends, through thick and thin,
for many years. Let us not forget their
friendship and let us pray to God that
they will not abandon us.
Mr. RITTER. Mr. Chairman, the
approach Congress takes in assuring the
security of Taiwan will have major in-
ternational implications. Our action here
in considering the United States-Taiwan
Relations Act will be a message to the
entire world .as to whether or not the
United States can be trusted to honor its
commitments and stand by our, friends
and allies around the globe.
The President's action in recognizing
the People's Republic of China, as all
Americans know, was taken without prior
consultation with Congress. Like many of
my colleagues, I was deeply disturbed at
the way in which the President took that
action without regard for the consent of
the elected representatives of the people
in Congress.
But since that action has already been
taken, it is now Congress' obligation to
make absolutely sure that the safety of
the 17 million citizens of Taiwan is guar-
anteed by the nation Taiwan has stood
by so faithfully for so long.
Unless we tell the world loud and clear
that we will never tolerate any threat to
our allies on Taiwan, we will give our
adversaries the dangerous impression
that aggressive acts will be permitted
against our allies anywhere. We will also
send a message to our allies that our will
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E 1172 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 8, 1979
to protect American interests and honor would be placed at our disposal should the TRANSLATION OF A CHINESE POEM
our commitments has been destroyed. need to defend ourselves ever arise. In this (Translated by Kenneth Wu)
do not want to send that kind of regard we conducted frequent and regular 1
When a friend turns
message to the world, Mr. Chairman. In- joint training exercises with Republic of what
have his back and leaves us but
China forces including one large-scale war- w that lost long othing gut
stead, I want this body to state our firm- game on an annual basis. friendship that has lnago changed
ness in defense of our allies strongly much for background. Mr. Chairman, I its character; but we have not lost
enough that there will never be any presume that the purpose of my presence to, Because, in Yellow ves.
doubt about its meaning. day is to present an assessment of the capa- stream Yl and ow there re ar are flows Chine en our blood
So, I urge my colleagues to join me in bilities of the armed forces of the Republic the five mountains se people of
supporting continued strong ties between of China to defend itself, feet that our people
dared
this country and our Taiwanese allies. First, let me say. that in the event of a de- our fe are the ones thave dared
Toward that eI intend to support termined attempt by the PRC to conquer the nt on qudred our thorns,
an amendment that end, to this teansation that Republic of China by military force-without and our eyes are the eyes that are not
the aid of immediate and extensive U.S. aid, willing to shed tears.
will insure that defense materials and the ROC Air Force would be neutralized with- Who can deny that there is winter plum in
services will be provided to Taiwan based in two to three weeks, in my opinion, by the the snow?
It does not exist because it
entirely on Taiwan's needs, without re- overwhelming numerical superiority of the is recogni zed and it does not perish
lie of China. This is not to say that-the Republic of fragrance, it upholds its own purity
and
y ise is a twig of plum that stands
I will also support the amendment to China Air Force would not take a massive, b
link the peaceful settlement of the Tai- and perhaps unacceptable, toll 'of PRC air- by tself.
craft. But a little over 200 modern fighters are In Taiwan there are 17,000,000 living souls,
wan issue to continued U.S. recognition no match for the. 2,500 that are now in place together eating the rice of the great
of the People's Republic of China. facing Taiwan. earth, together drinking the waters
In addition, I will support a provision Second, let me say that the Republic of given by Heaven, and together draw-
for a more formalized relationship with China Navy is no match for the increasing ing from 5, thy ancient well endowed
and to-
Taiwan-such as the opening in Taipei numbers of PRC OSA patrol boats and mod- with a bathing old culture, and toe
of a consulate or liaison office. Govern- ern destroyers, both armed with STYX type, tether bathing under the sunshine
ment-to-government ties are necessary surface-to-surface missiles. The 20-odd World that stretches for thousands and of in
for both the needs of the United States War II destroyers in the Republic of China Such 1thousands 0, m000 iles o bodo not glory.
Navy, armed with five inch guns, are woefully recognition people do not need
and the needs of Taiwan. inadequate to defend themselves against the recognition or derecognition by
I urge my colleagues to support these such firepower, others.
Who has the right grounds? examine our blood line
and other provisions which will strength- I have yet to mention the greatest threat and
en Taiwan. This is the least we can do to the Republic of China Navy and the mari- on what grounds?
n what basis can others determine our
now for a friend and trusted ally, time lifelines of the Republic of China. The nationality?
PRC submarine force consists of almost Mr. DAN DANIEL. Mr. Chairman, double the number of attack submarines that We accept only the affirmation of the Chinese
there are few matters which will come we have in our whole Pacific fleet. True, they the people to tourselves. s n of We accept only
before the Congress of greater long-term are diesel submarines, but' one must rememy the recognition of history.p
impact than what we consider today. her that our diesel submarines devastated the Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Chairman, in light
Given the current International situation, Japanese lines of communications against of our Government's recognition of the
our Government's actions relative to Tai- similar vintage anti-submarine capabilities People's Republic of China, it is neces-
wan have a potential significance far in World War IT. sary for the United States to redefine Its
greater than the actions themselves. It is my opinion that the PRO submarine relationship with Taiwan. The United
forces concert s
On February 7, Adm. Edwin K. Snyder, fors could totally dirupt the surface of com air States-Taiwan Relations Act, H.R. 2479,
U.S. Navy, retired, who was commander munications to Taiwan in short order should establishes an excellent legal framework'
of the U.S. Taiwan Defense Command they ever get the order to do so. which will permit our economic, trade,
from 1974 Into 1977 testified before a I admit, Mr. Chairman, that I have given and political contacts with the people of
Senate Committee on Foreign Relations you a rather gloomy view of the Republic of Taiwan to continue, even though we
on the defense implications of abandon- China capabilities to "go it -alone." I would formally now recognize the legitimacy
ment of the Republic of China. I Insert Point out, however, that until just several of the mainland Chinese government.
In the RECORD the points Admiral Snyder th
years at they would be required ton go it alone." By establishing the American Institute
raises as they are important to our dis- In the past few years, the Republic of China in Taiwan, the Congress will be follow-
cussion and disturbing in -their Implica- government has been exerting superhuman ing the example set by Japan, which has
tions: efforts and spending vast amounts of money maintained and even enhanced its rela-
STATEMENT OF An. EDWIN K. SNYDER to prepare itself. However, you don't just de- tionship with Taiwan under the frame-.
Admiral SNYDE. Mr. Chairman, distin- velop an effective ASW capability overnight, work of "unofficial" institutions. H.R.
guished Senators R. the Committee, its n- nor an air defense, nor any other military 2479 as reported establishes a very care-'
guish to be asked to ommi ee Its tan capability. Today's weapons systems are too ful framework for new United States-testify Foreign Relations Committee on a subj ect frightfully complex and expensive. Taiwan contacts, Taiwan Will benefit,
that is very dear to my heart, the securit An additional problem Is that, in my opin-
and
and well being oY some very dear friends ion, several vital weapons that Taiwan really and the United States will benefit.
only of mine, but some
all of dear
that is, needs have been withheld from them for po- Today, as the House considers this bill,
the people of the Republic all Chinus, a. litical reasons. attempts will be made to change the
On the brighter side, I would close with carefully drawn language in H.R. 2479.
As Commander of the U.S. Taiwan Defense one final, observation. The armed forces of the I support the bill as written, and I will
Command from 1974 to August 1977, I was Republic of China are superbly led. They are oppose amendments-even those which,
responsible to the Joint Chiefs of Staff for fierce fighters and they are completely loyal on the surface, sound eminently reason-
contingency planning for the defense of the to their government.
Republic of China including Taiwan and the Qn spite of my foregoing comments, there is able. The bill as written represents care-
Republic Islands. no doubt in my mind that any fight the PRC ful negotiations between the administra-
My additional responsibilities as Com- should pick with the ROC would be a very tion and the foreign affairs committees
mander U.S.T.D.C. Included supervising the painful and costly undertaking, of the Congress. We are working in a
submission of the Republic of China five- 0 Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Chairman, we have very sensitive diplomatic environment
year defense plan which was prepared by before us an agonizing bill. It is agoniz- when we discuss the China question, and
the Chief Military Advisory Assistance Group tag because the administration has in my opinion this environment is not
to the Republic of china, for-
saken a long and loyal friend-the Re- conducive to, the political posturing and
As the ultimate consumer of any weapons public of China. Y recently came across a flag-waving showmanship that charac-
systems purchased by the Republic of China
I was vitally interested that they be the translation of a Chinese poem which terizes many of the attempts to amend
weapons that would be the most effective. poignantly expresses how our wounded this bill.
A third major responsibility of my staff friends-the Free Chinese on Taiwan- ^ 1330
was the oversight concern,for the readiness feel about It all. I would like to share The CHAIRMAN. All time for general'
of the Chinese and American forces that that translation with my colleagues: debate has expired.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD=HOUSE H 1173,.
_
ill
ld
s
_
- ___ ____ .__
. - =w=., -
~a??? ?
.......
Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Chairman, I be- "'rne united States w
call ity to resist any resort to force or other forms time.
Committee o of f the Whole, s a ind, order therefore, ifore, the of coercion that would jeopardize the secu- (Mr. QUAYLE asked and was given
C rity, or the social or economic system, of the permission to revise and extend his re-
"
I make the point of order that a quorum
is not present.
The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has just
counted the House and 58 Members are
present. Obviously a quorum is not
present.
The Chair announces that pursuant to
clause 2, rule XXIII, he will vacate pro-
ceedings under the call when a quorum
of the Committee appears.
Members will record their presence by
electronic device.
The call was taken by electronic
people on Taiwan.
marks.)
(Mr. QUAYLE asked and was given The CHAIRMAN. The question is on
permission to revise and extend his the amendment offered by the gentle-
remarks.) man from Indiana (Mr. QUAYLE).
Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Chairman, this The amendment was agreed to.
amendment simply strengthens our con- The CHAIRMAN. Are there further
cern against an armed attack against amendments to section 2?
Taiwan, or any kind of coercion, other AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. HANSEN
than peaceful resolution of that country. Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I offer
In the bill that the committee has pro- an amendment.
duced, paragraph (5) reads: The Clerk read as follows:
Any armed attack against Taiwan, or use Amendment offered by Mr. HANSEN: Page
of force, boycott, or embargo to prevent Tai- 2
line 21, insert new section as follows:
,
01335 wan from engaging in trade with other na- In interpreting boycott under the provi-
tions, would be a threat to the peace and sions of this section, the Republic of China
QUORUM CALL' VACATED stability of the Western Pacific area and of shall be considered "a country which is
The CHAIRMAN. One hundred Mem- grave concern to the United States. friendly to the United States" under the
bers have appeared. A quorum of the 0 1340 terms of title II of Public Law 95-52 (91 Stat.
Committee of the Whole is present. Pur- Mr. Chairman, "of grave concern'; can 244).
suant to, clause 2, rule XXIII, further mean many things. It is of grave concern Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, my
proceedings under the can shall be con- that China has invaded Vietnam; it is of amendment is very simple. It just elab-
sidered as vacated. grave concern that Iran is in an unstable orates on the intent of the bill by
The Committee will resume its busi- situation. The Middle East situation is, clarifying the reference to boycott, as
ness. of grave concern. Political unrest provided by previous law.
Pursuant to the rule, the Clerk will throughout the world is of grave con- 0 1345
read the bill by titles. tern. Of grave concern is a very ambigu-
The Clerk read as follows: ous term we read every day in the news- To reiterate, Mr. Chairman, the
Be it enacted by the Senate and House papers. I think that our support for Tai- amendment reads as follows:
of Representatives of the United States of wan and in our enthusiastic hope that In interpreting boycott under the provi-
America in Congress assembled, we will have a peaceful resolution, that sions of this section, the Republic of China
SHORT TITLE we should put in, in addition to that Ian- shall be considered "a country which is
SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the friendly L9 955-b2 (91.
"United States-Taiwan Relations Act". guage, this language of the amendment: term, s of t title the II of United Public States" ic Law a under the
The United States will maintain its capac- Stat. 244) .
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES GOVERNING UNITED ity to resist any resort to force or other forms
STATES POLICY WITH REGARD TO TAIWAN of coercion that would jeopardize the secu- Mr. Chairman, this reaffirms the com-
SEC. 2. United States policy with regard to rity, or the social or economic system, of the mitment of the United States to the anti-
Taiwan shall be governed by the following people on Taiwan. boycott provisions of Public Law 95-52
principles: Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will by applying it specifically to the Repub-
(1) The United States desires to preserve lit of China on Taiwan and insisting on
and promote friendly relations between the the gentleman yield? language from the law to insure clarity
people of the United States and the people Mr. QUAYLE. I will be glad to yield in reference to the Republic of Con Taiwan, as well as the people on the to my very distinguished chairman of might mention Republic, of China.
Chair
h r, . Chair-
China mainland and all other peoples of the the Foreign Affairs Committee. I
Amendments e II mention
Western Pacific area. Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, the man, athat title
II of the of E1977 xport prohibits
Peace and stability in the area are in gentleman from Indiana has shared his
the political, security, and economic inter- amendment with the committee. We Americans from participating in or sup-
est of the United States, are matters of inter- have studied the amendment. As the porting a trade boycott initiated by a
II(3)IContinued concern, extensive, and must be maintained. close, and friendly gentleman knows, the executive branch foreign lethe ig country States. against a nation friendly
appwas
was designed time it
commercial, cultural, and other relations be- bill did not mention security for Taiwan written this title the
ly
tween the people of the United?States and at all. The committee, in inserting the
the people on Taiwan must be assured. language, "of grave concern," certainly specifically to the Arab boycott of Israel.
(4) The future of Taiwan must be deter- . intended that if force was employed Neither the Arab States nor Israel is
mined through peaceful means without against Taiwan or an economic boycott mentioned by name, however; and the
prejudice to the wellbeing of the people on or embargo were imposed to prevent language is therefore applicable to boy-
Taiwan. Taiwan, as we say in the report on page cotts directed by any foreign country
(b) Any armed attack embargo to or 5, "o * * from engaging in foreign against any nation friendly to the United
use of force, aiwan from bengagingrin trade o with other trade," that it would threaten peace and States. The Committee on Foreign Affairs has
T
nations, would be a threat to the peace and stability in the region and be of grave directed that it a written Foreign in its report
has
stability of the western Pacific area and of concern to the United States.
grave concern to the United States. Studying the gentleman's language, he that the heArab applicable boycott. to any amendments mPRC boycott
are
Mr. ZABLOCKI (during the reading). puts in the legislation to a broader ex- considered Taiwan.
Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent tent the intent that the committee had. Inasmuch as language in the House
that these sections be considered as read, On this side, we are ready to accept the repnas has little eal psychological or
printed in the RECORD, and open to gentlemanMr. 's QUAYLE. I amendment. thank the distin- legal effect,- and we have seen this on
MAN. many occasions before, Mr. Chairman,
The amendment R any
CHAIR. Is there objection guished chairman. from Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, this understanding should be placed in
the Wisconsin? n? res of the gentleman from will the gentleman yield? the text of the bill itself to assure that it
W is properly understood and legally appli-
There was no objection. from Mr. Michigan, QUAYLE. I and yield to perhaps the we may gentleman be cable.
AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. QUAYLE able to expedite the matter. Mr. Chairman,- I urge the adoption of
Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Chairman, I offer Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, we this amendment.
an amendment. on the minority side have had a chance Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, I rise
The Clerk read as follows: to review the gentleman's suggested in opposition to the amendment.
Amendment offered by Mr. QUAYLE: Page 3, amendment. We have no objection on As was indicated earlier, the applica-
after line 5 insert a new subsection (6) to the minority side. bility of the antiboycott provisions of
read: Mr. QUAYLE. With that, Mr. Chair- the' Export Administration Act to
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III 1174 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
Taiwan is not just an interpretation of that Government that it is still the
the bill set forth in the committee's representative of all the 900 million peo-
report, it is clear in the bill itself that pie on the mainland and on Taiwan.
the antiboycott provisions of the Export Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Chairman, I move to
Administration A
t
ld
c
wou
apply to any strike the requisite number of words, ant'
boycott sought to be imposed against I rise in opposition to the amendment.
Taiwan by the People's Republic of . I think that this is a well-intentioned
China. but totally unnecessary amendment. The
The amendment, however, would committee, when it considered this legis-
change the whole thrust of this legisla- lation, was fully cognizant of the need to
tion because the amendment refers to protect Taiwan against the possibility o'
the Republic of China. The term "Re- a Peking-inspired boycott designed at
public of China" is_ a reflection of the some time in the future to bring Taiwan
claim by the government on Taiwan to its economic knees. We wanted t,
that it is still the government of all of make sure that in the event the People',,
China. That is its claim, and many of Republic of China should attempt to im-
the remarks which have been made dur pose a boycott on Taiwan that Americar
ing the debate have failed to reflect citizens and corporations would be legal-
that fact. It is not just the island of ly prohibited from cooperating with such
Taiwan that the authorities there they a boycott in precisely the same way they
claim to represent. In fact, the reference are now prohibited by law from cooper-
several times during the debate to the ating with the Arab boycott against
nation of Taiwan is.an incorrect state- Israel. Thus it was that the committer
ment because the "Republic of China," on page 4 of the bill, beginning on line 3.
the government on Taiwan, claims to be adopted language in the text of the bill
the government of all of China. There- which says that the laws of the United
fore, to use this phraseology in this States shall apply with respect to Taiwan
amendment would be to contravene the in- the manner that the laws of the
entire thrust of this legislation. United States applied with respect to
Consequently, Mr. Chairman, the Taiwan prior to January 1, 1979. That
amendment is unacceptable. means in plain language that to the ex-
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, will the tent the antiboycott provisions of the
gentleman yield? Export Administration Act were already
Mr. BINGHAM. I am glad to yield to applicable to Taiwan, they -would con-
the gentleman from Idaho. tinue to be applicable to Taiwan once
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. 'Chairman, as I this legislation was adopted. If there
understand, the People's Republic of was any remaining doubt about the in-
China contends that they own all the tent of the committee to make the rele-
real estate in Taiwan and on the main- vant provisions of. the antiboycott see-
land, and the Republic of China makes +i,;,,- ,.F .,.
We are talking about realitiPa_ This applicable to 'Taiwan in the future, it
e
we do mittee report from which I now quote:
It seems to me that that
not need
to worry about internal contentions. One such provision of particular import-
We can recognize them just as we have tion ante is
Act of section 1969 4A which the Export
prohibits U U.S. pesrsonons
I think U.S. pea
the People's Republic of China
.
that we, as a sovereign nation, the United
States of America, could make our rec-
ognitions on our own terms.
The name of the government operating
from the island of Taiwan Is the Re-
public of China. That is all we are say-
ing. There is no other recognized name.
We would otherwise be talking about
an island, and I think that it is per-
fectly in order to refer to a government
by its proper name, which in this case
is the Republic of China, and also to
give it the assurance that the United
States reaffirms its commitments with
respect to the antiboycott provisions of
the present law.
Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, if I
could reclaim my time, the gentleman is
well known for being opposed to what the
administration has done. He has made a
national campaign against it.
^ 1350
The phraseology used in this bill has
been very carefully worked out so as not
to appear to attempt to reverse the ac-
tion taken by the President that he was
recognizing the PRC as the Government
of China. That is why the bill refers
throughout to Taiwan, the authorities on
Taiwan, the people on Taiwan, and so
forth. To refer to the Republic of China
would be to give credence to the claim of
March 8, 1979
Unfortunately, there are many friends
of the old Republic of China who would
like to be more Chinese or more Tai-
wanese than the Taiwanese themselves.
They, the Taiwanese, have accepted cer-
tain portions of the negotiation that
have gone on. The bill that we have be-
fore us is an attempt to help resolve those
problems that still exist with the people
of Taiwan.
^ 1355
Mr. SOLARZ. I would simply add to
what the gentleman just said that the
only thing this amendment does which
is not already provided for in the legisla-
tion is to gratuitiously insert into the
text of the bill the phrase, "The Republic
of China," which, as my other good
friend, the gentleman from New York .
(Mr. BINGHAM) pointed out, could create
problems for us in terms of our ability
to pro:eed with the policy of normaliza-
tion.
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I
move to strike the requisite number of
words, ' and I rise in support of the
amendment.
(Mr. DERWINSKI asked and was giv-
en permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I
would like to have the record show that
I rose to debate this subject immediately
after the comments of my good friend,
the gentleman from New York (Mr.
SOLARZ). It is always my view that if you
are going to debate, take on a heavy-
weight.
I compliment the gentleman from New
York (Mr. SOLARZ) for his great leader-
ship in foreign affairs accurate as well
as occasionally inaccurate as it is.
I would like to point out to my good
friend the gentleman from New York,
that the gentleman really has not argued
rected against a friendly country. The bill superfluous. There is no claim ithat lthe
will ensure that those prohibitions would amendment does damage to the legisla-
apply with respect to any boycott against tion, no claim made that the amendment
Taiwan, in any way guts the bill, which is a nor-
I would submit that it is, therefore, mal phrase.
crystal clear, both in the text of the bill The point was made by the gentleman
itself as well as in the language of the from New York that the committee re-
committee report, that the relevant sec- port covers this subject, and therefore
tions of the Export Administration Act the language in the bill and in the com-
are already applicable and there is, mittee report makes this amendment un-
therefore, absolutely no need whatsoever necessary.
to add this language to the bill since the I would like to point out to the Mem-
purposes the gentleman seeks to achieve bers that using that age-old, gimmick
have already been accomplished by the of saying "it is in the report" really does
committee in this legislation. . not answer the question. The report, as
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the we know, is nothing but detailed com-
gentleman yield? mentary produced by the staff and
Mr. SOLARZ. I yield to the gentle- signed by Members. If reports were as
man from New York. valuable as we claim they are, we would
f
Mr. WOLFF I thank the gentleman principle, so as a mt hiding
for yielding. pbehind the rincipl, I take the position that hidLet me say I support fully what the weak argument against of a report Is a
an amendment
gentleman has indicated and alert the I looked at the amendment of the
House to the situation that exists under gentleman from Idaho (Mr. HANSEN).
this amendment, and probably other All he does is spell out more distinctly
amendments that will be forthcoming. what we all want to do. I do not see
This amendment actually should be anything in this amendment that.does
called the "Two-China Policy" Amend- a disservice to the intent of the Presi-
ment because it now sets up language dent, the intent of the executive branch
that is totally different from the intent or the intent of Congress.
of the bill in setting up a country as well Frankly, it would be far better for the
as dealing with the Republic of China. floor managers of the bill to accept these
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE H 1175
positive, helpful amendments, than to ^ 1400 sistent with the rest of the bill and so it
oppose them as they do in this case. Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the will conform to the language of the rest
Mr. Chairman, I now yield to my gentleman yield? of the bill, rather than present new lan-
friend, the gentleman from New York Mr. DERWINSKI. Yes, of course, I guage, which would create great prob-
(Mr. BINGHAM). yield to the gentleman from New York. lems for us.
Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, I do Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, would Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, will the
not know if the gentleman was on the the gentleman object or would the of- gentleman yield?
floor when I spoke. I did not make the ferer of the amendment object to an Mr. DERWINSKI. Yes, of course.
argument that the amendment was un- amendment to the amendment which Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, on page
necessary. The thrust of my remarks deletes the words, "the Republic of 10 of the bill, as I understand it, there
was rather that the wording of the China" and inserts "the People on Tai- is reference to authorities on Taiwan. Is
amendment is entirely contrary to the wan"? Or is it the purpose here to inject that correct?
main thrust of the bill, because the the two-China policy, not the boycott? Mr. WOLFF. Yes; that is correct.
amendment refers to the Republic of Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, this Mr. HANSEN. Let me ask the gentle-
China as a country. That is precisely is getting to be a Tinkers-to-Evers-to- man, what line is it on?
what this bill is intended not to do. Chance routine, and since the gentleman . Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, may
For that reason, the amendment is ob- is directing his question to the author of I suggest that time is probably run-
jectionable. It is more than unnecessary. ning out. I would hope that the two
the amendment, I will yield to the gentlemen will take additional time and
It is profoundly objectionable. gentleman from Idaho (Mr. HANSEN). reach an agreement. I would just like to
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I thank state for the record that I am not the
would like to remind my friend, the gen- the gentleman, for yielding. floor manager of the bill and I am not
tleman from New York, that earlier in If it would ease the pain among some the spokesman for the administration on
the debate I referred to the reality of the of the Members who are opposed to this this bill, but if any of the Members want
situation. The reality is that, whether legislation, I think that we might ar- free advice, I will be near the minority
we call it a country or not, there is a rive at some language that might be mu- table all afternoon ready to give it to
Republic of China and it is a sovereign tually agreeable. I do not know that we them.
state. As we know, a rose by any other can change the quote out of the previous _ Mr. Chairman, I yield back the bal-
name will smell as sweet. We could call law which refers to a "country," but I ante of my time.
it Taiwan. We could call it an entity. would think, if we wanted to refer to "the Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I
We could call it an institute. It is for government on Taiwan," I could go for move to strike the requisite number of
all practical purposes, the functioning that. That is a little more general, if that words, and I rise in opposition to the
government on the island. We could play would help the gentleman. amendment.
games with nomenclature, but I do not Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. Chairman, if the Members of this
think that this bill will be damaged by gentleman yield further? body would read the bill and the report,
the language offered by the gentleman Mr., DERWINSKI. I yield to the they would know the purpose of the bill.
from Idaho. All this really does is clarify gentleman from New York. . Now, we are not dealing here with our
what otherwise might be legally doubt- Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, in keep- relations with the PRC and we are not
ful. ing with the language of the bill, we con- dealing with legislation as to whether
Quite frankly, if I had any leverage tinually talk about Taiwan and the peo- we are approving the normalization with
in the State Department, I would sug- ple on Taiwan, but we do not refer to it the People's Republic of China. We are
gest that this kind of language helps as a country. In this amendment we refer dealing' with a bill to continue our rela-
their position. It certainly does not hurt to it as a country and also as the Repub- tions with Taiwan.
it. lic of China. Those seem to be the two This amendment, W. Chairman, I
Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, will the objectionable parts, because the rest of submit, would make it impossible for
gentleman yield for a question? the matter has already been covered in those relations to continue.
Mr. DERWINSKI. Yes, of course. the report and is fully consistent with This amendment deals with a key
Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, does the language and the object the gentle- aspect of the normalization which the
the gentleman feel that the government man seeks to achieve. President has negotiated with the Peo-
on Taiwan is the government of all of Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I under- ple's Republic of China. One of the con-
China? stand, but the gentleman is talking about ditions of the normalization was that we
Mr. DERWINSKI. No; all I am saying a collection of people, and we have to do not recognize the Republic of China
is that if they want to call themselves refer to them as something. My interpre- or Taiwan as a government. Whether
the Republic of China, if they want to tation, I would think, if the gentleman this was right or wrong is not the ques-
claim that they represent all of China, does not want to refer to them as the tion now. The question is whether we as
while the reality is not quite that, I do Republic of China, is that we should a people can carry on the same activi-
not quarrel with what I understand is refer to them as "the government on ties as a government agency would or as
their technical position. Taiwan" as a minimum. That would be officials would, so that our relations on
Mr. BINGHAM. The reality is not that. my interpretation. Taiwan can continue in a normal
Mr. DERWINSKI. The reality is not Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the fashion.
that, but the nomenclature is, they are gentleman yield further? Adopt this amendment, Mr. Chairman,
the Republic of China as far as they are Mr. DERWINSKI. Yes, of course. and we defeat the bill and defeat the
concerned. Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, through- very purpose that we are trying to
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the out the bill we define what we had achieve, to support the people of Tai-
gentleman yield? named as "the people on Taiwan" or wan. I say to the gentleman from Mary-
Mr. DERWINSKI. I yield to the gen- "the existing authorities on Taiwan" land, save the pieces.
tleman from New York. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the Mr. BAUMAN. The "bits and pieces"
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, the gen- gentleman from Illinois (Mr. DERWIN- was the gentleman's phrase.
tieman in his opening remarks indicated SKI) has again expired. Mr. ZABLOCKI. Bits and pieces.
he supports the purpose of the bill in (By unanimous consent, Mr. DERWIN- Mr. Chairman, I hope the amendment
order to facilitate the problems that the sal was allowed to proceed for 1 addi- will be defeated.
people of Taiwan are faced with. tional minute.)
Would the gentleman object to an Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I
amendment to the amendment? will yield to one or the other of the
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen- gentlemen.
tleman from Illinois has expired. Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, certainly
(By unanimous. consent, Mr. DERWIN- I cannot speak for the committee, I can
SKI was allowed to,proceed for 2 addi- speak only for myself, but I am asking
tional minutes.) for clarification in order to keep it con-
El 1405
Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to the gentle-
man from Maryland.
Mr. BAUMAN. I thank the gentleman
for yielding.
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H 1176 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 8, 1979
Mr. Chairman, I want to disagree fore the normalization went into effect,
heartily with the gentleman's statement I probably would have insisted on a liai-
that what is at issue here is not the po- son operation. But that is beside the
sition in which the government on Tai- question now. The question is: Are we
wan, which is the Republic of China, going to do the best for the people on
finds itself. The gentleman said the is- Taiwan?
sue before us is not whether the Presi- This amendment, in my judgment,
dent's decision to derecognize-if that would work to the defeat of that.
is now a word-the Republic of China, Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Chairman, I rise
is not the issue. He says the issue of that in opposition to the amendment.
decision is neither right nor wrong for This particular amendment achieves
the purpose of this debate. It was wrong. no useful objective that is not already
It is wrong. And this House's hands can- achieved in the bill. The ostensible pur-
not be tied by Teng Hsiao-ping or Jimmy pose of the amendment is to protect
Carter. We are here to exercise our in- Taiwan under the antiboycott provisions
dependent judgment. The gentleman of U.S. law. And yet, if you ' will look
does not surely mean we have no right on page 4, and beginning at the bottom
to vote on and discuss the fundamental of page 3, the guarantee is contained
issue that this legislation embodies- in the bill that the laws-of the United
why our Government should be throw- States shall apply with respect to
ing away an ally and embracing a Com- Taiwan in the manner that the laws
munist dict
t
h
a
ors
ip. of the United States -applied with re-
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I spect to Taiwan prior to January 1, 1979.
cannot quarrel with the gentleman's ob- Those laws, of course, include the
servation B t th
no vehicle to deal with the people, call
it, if you wish, the Government of Tai-
wan, no vehicle, to have continuing
relations between the United States and
Taiwan.
The purpose of the bill before us is to
do just that. And this is' the issue here.
Defeat our efforts, and you are defeating
the purposes of this bill and will. only
harm Taiwan, not the PRC. You will not
be punishing the People's Republic of
China; you will be punishing the people
of Taiwan. You. will be punishing our
own country, our own people, our busi-
ness interests, our cultural exchanges
and the relations we would have if we
would have normal diplomatic relations.
This bill is intended to provide the au-
thority for the President to continue
virtually all of the relations with Taiwan
as have been going on for the last 30
years, up to January 1, of this year.
Mr.? BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to the gentle-
man from Michigan.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. I thank the gen-
_ . ...
11 ___-
for
. u e question, in the final antiboycott provision; There is utterly
analysis, remains whether the President no need for the amendment if that is
will veto this bill, and then there will be its purpose.
^ 1410
This bill is an extremely important
initiative .in the foreign relations of our
country. ,
It creates the only possible mech-
anism by which the United States can
establish diplomatic relations ? with, that
one-fourth of the human race which
lives on mainland China and at the
same time maintain the friendship, the
respect and the integrity of our rela-
tions with our true and proven friends
on the island of Taiwan.
An official "two-China Policy". has
been rejected by both Taiwan and
mainland China. Both maintain that
they are part of the same nation. For
30 years both have consistently declared
a two-China policy unacceptable.
Within that framework of their mu-
tual sensitivities, this legislation seems
the only creative way in which we can
cultivate the friendship of mainland
China without abandoning the friend-
ship of Taiwan.
For every practical purpose, the legal
entity created by this bill possesses
port the chairman of our committeerI that our relations with Taiwan lwill con-
think think the question of whether we agree tinue essentially unchanged.
with normalization is not the question We shall continue to provide such mili-
here. Obviously, if this language was in tary weapons as may be necessary for
the bill, it would obviously bring about that island's defense. We shall continue
a veto. I think you would be doing a the. economic relations between us in
disservice, obviously, to the people of every mutually beneficial aspect. We
Taiwan, our business arrangements shall continue in force the 55 interna-
there, and so forth. It would not be in tional agreements that exist between us,
the best interests of our country. including trade credits, private invest-
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the ment insurance and every other U.S. pro-
gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. ZA- gram for which Taiwan and its people
BLOCK!) has expired. have been eligible in the past.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. ZABLOCKI The clear and unequivocal language
was allowed to proceed for 2 additional in this bill leaves no room for doubt that
minutes.) it is our official policy to oppose any
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I effort from any source whatever to sub-
yield further to the gentleman from ject this island state and its people to
Michigan (Mr. BROOMFIELD). military attack. ,
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I ' We state in no uncertain terms that
merely feel that this is a bad amend- if the government on mainland China
ment and would not be in the best in- wishes. to benefit from good relations
terests of our country. with this country, there must be peace
As I say, if I had any opportunity be- between the mainland and Taiwan.
The' Congress of the United States is
here asserting its full partnership in for-
eign policy. To do more would be to viti-
ate the opening door with mainland
China and to forgo any prospect of
friendship and' peaceful relations with
the largest and most populous nation on
Earth.
To do less would be to commit a craven
abandonment of an old and proven
friend and to raise questions everywhere
about our own reliability as an ally.
The representatives of Taiwan who
have talked personally to me are anxious
that we shall pass this bill expeditiously.
Since the beginning of this month, our
relations with Taiwan have been in a
state of legal limbo. To allow them to'
remain so through our inaction would
be politically irresponsible and morally
indefensible.
This is not the bill which the President,
sent to Congress; it is our own creation.
It goes further in several particulars
than he would have desired. Under the
circumstances, I believe it is the most
that we can do; and it is the least that
we can do. I trust that the House will
reject any amendments which would
upset the basic structure of the legisla-
tion, and will approve this bill by an
overwhelming vote today.
^ 1415
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman, I
move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, it appears to me that
we are really talking about two things
here. One, we are talking about whether
or not we should put specific antiboycott
language into the bill. I do not think
there should be any argument about that.
I think that since, the issue has been
raised, we should put it in. Furthermore,
the report recognizes that that is what
we should do. I do not believe there
should be any argument about that.
There is an argument, however, about
the language which the gentleman from
Idaho (Mr. HANSEN) uses. It would seem
to indicate a two-China policy. Person-
ally, I think we should have a two-China
policy; but I do not think this is the place
to do it.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to yield to
the gentleman from Idaho. I understand
he has an idea for an amendment which
might satisfy both concerns here. There-
fore, I yield to the gentleman from Idaho
(Mr. HANSEN). ,
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I thank
the gentleman for yielding.
Since there is concern about the use of
the word "country" at this point, which
is in the quote from the previous law, and
since there seems to be concern about the
use of the words "Republic of China,"
and since throughout the bill reference is
made to Taiwan per se, then perhaps
other amending language would be in or-
der, something to the effect that "in in-
terpreting boycott under the provisions
of this section, Taiwan shall be consid-
ered `friendly to the United States' under
the terms of title II of Public Law 95-52
(91 Stat. 244)."
Mr. Chairman, does anyone among the
opposition have anything to say about
that suggestion?
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 March 8, 197 9
Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. I yield to the
gentleman from New York.
Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, I would
like to ask the author of the amendment
a couple of questions about it before re-
sponding to his question.
His amendment is to insert a new sec-
tion at page 2, line 21; and I think that
that is an erroneous reference. I think
the gentleman probably intended page
3, line 5; is that correct?
Mr. HANSEN. If the gentleman will
yield further so that I may respond, this
has been brought to my attention, and I
ask herewith unanimous consent to- be
permitted to amend the amendment so as
to read "page 2, after line 22, insert a
new section and redesignate succeeding
subsections accordingly."
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Idaho?
Mr. BINGHAM. Reserving the right to
object, Mr. Chairman, may I point out
to the gentleman that the only reference
to "boycott" in section 2 occurs in sub-
section (5). There is no reference to
"boycott" until we reach subsection (5),
so I am going to suggest that the kind
of amendment the gentleman has in
mind would be appropriate, if at all, in
subsection (b) of section 201, where we
are referring to the applicability of cer-
tain laws.
With reference to the term "boycott"
in subsection (5), that has no reference
to the antiboycott legislation. It is sim-
ply a statement of one of the acts that
would cause us grave concern in this
country. Also, title II of the Export Ad-
ministration Act does not apply to sub-
section (5) in any way, to Taiwan or to
any other country. It does apply to Tai-
wan under the terms of subsection (b)
of section 101, so I would suggest, if I
might respectfully, that the gentleman
take those facts into consideration.
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, if the
gentleman from California will yield
further, so that I might inquire if I
should withdraw this amendment as
now offered and reoffer it at the point
the gentleman from New York suggests,
on the next page, would it be more in
order and more acceptable to him under
these conditions altered as I have sug-
gested?
Mr. BINGHAM. Speaking for myself,
providing we can arrive at acceptable
language to specifically refer to the anti-
boycott provisions of the Export Ad-
ministration Act, to include that specifi-
callv in subparagraph (b) on page 4, I
would see no objection to that.
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, if I
might respond, under those considera-
tions, I ask unanimous consent to be
permitted to withdraw my amendment
at this point.
-The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Idaho?
There was no objection.
The . CHAIRMAN. The gentleman's
amendment is withdrawn.
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I do
wish to offer the amendment at the ap-
propriate time.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE H 1177
The CHAIRMAN. The Chair. will state
that it is too early at this time.
Mr. HANSEN. I thank the Chair.
AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. ASHBROOK
Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, I
offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. ASHBROOK: Page
2, line 20, immediately after "cultural," in-
sert "defensive, political,".
^ 1420
Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, after
being in this Body for a number of years
I find that preambles, declarations of
purpose, and our extensive statements of
what we intend to do in legislation often
are meaningless. At other times they do
mean something. I would like to point
out to the members of the committee
that this is one of those times where I
think the Declaration of Principles does
mean something. I call the Members'
attention to several very carefully
phrased sentences in the "Declaration of
Principles Governing U.S. Policy With
Regard to Taiwan." If the Members will
look at subparagraph (2), we are inter-
ested in peace and stability in the area.
Of course, the area is defined as includ-
ing "the people on the China mainland
and all other peoples. of the Western
Pacific area." Yet when we get to Tai-
wan itself, if the Members will go down
to subparagraph (3), we are interested
only that "continued extensive, close,
and friendly commercial, cultural, and
other relations between the people of the
United States and the people on Taiwan
must be assured."
I understand we have an interest in
the defense and the security of Taiwan.
The gentleman from Texas (Mr.
WRIGHT), our majority leader, indicated
we wanted to keep those defensive con-
cerns and commitments in place and
that they would unravel if we unduly
amended this bill. I think it would be a
far clearer statement of what we want
to do in our principles if we would have
subparagraph, (3) read as follows:
0 0 o extensive, close, and friendly com-
mercial, cultural, defensive, political, and
other relations. between the people of the
United States and the people on Tai-
wan o 0 0
Whom are we trying to fool? If we are
only talking about commercial and cul-
tural relations with Taiwan, and we
specifically put that in the principles
governing the U.S. policy with regard to
Taiwan, that is a message about as clear
as can be sent anywhere that our main
interest is only commercial and cultural,
ballets and balance sheets.
The Members may say that is not that
important.
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ASHBROOK. I yield to the gen-
tleman from New York.'
Mr. WOLFF. I thank the gentleman
for yielding.
Does the gentleman imply that we
should become involved in the political
affairs of the people on Taiwan?
Mr. ASHBROOK. To the extent that
they want to maintain their freedom, I
would say.
Mr. WOLFF. What about the native
Taiwanese? There are a great number of
native Taiwanese on the island. Does the
gentleman believe that we should inject
ourselves into the political machinations
that might take place to provide the Tai-
wanese the equipment or the ability,to
overthrow the existing government,
Mr. ASHBROOK. I do not believe that
that is a policy that I would support at
all. We are talking about defensive and
political.
Mr. WOLFF. The gentleman included
"political" as well.
Mr. ASHBROOK. Yes. That is correct.
Generally when we talk in terms of polit-
ical rights we mean civil 'rights and
human rights. It does not necessarily
mean the protestations of the leaders
and what they want to do. We talk about
the people on Taiwan, the political rights,
and the defensive rights of the people on
Taiwan.
Mr. WOLFF. The defensive rights are
covered in other portions of the bill.
However, the one element that really dis-
turbs me is getting involved in the in-
ternal political affairs of Taiwan. I take
it the gentleman is at the present time
satisfied with the present authorities on
Taiwan.
Mr. ASHBROOK. Compared to what is
on the mainland. I would say I am
abundantly satisfied.
Mr. WOLFF. I just raise this point be-
cause this political element here raises all
sorts of questions as to how we should
proceed in the future.
Mr. ASHBROOK. I think the word
"politically" does not extend in the areas
my friend, the gentleman from New York
is indicating. I think all of t srknow when
we have cultural-commercial, cultural-
political relations with a country, what
we are talking about. We have had polit-
ical relations with the people on Taiwan.
I think we should continue those, and to
state in our Declaration of Principles
that we are only really interested in close,
friendly, commercial, and cultural rela-
tions I think belies what the gentleman
is saying he wants to do in the rest of the
bill. This is certainly not to throw a
snare, a time bomb, or to unravel any-
El 1425
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen-
tleman from Ohio has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. AsHBROOK'
was allowed to proceed for 1 additional
minute.)
Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, that
is precisely what I am trying to inject
into this amendment in the declaration
of principles; but if my colleague, the
gentleman from New York and others,
only think we should have commercial
and cultural relations and not defensive
and not political contacts, then possibly
they should vote against the amendment.
Mr. MARKS. Mr. Chairman, I move
to strike the requisite number of words,
and I rise in opposition to the amend-
ment.
(Mr. MARKS asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. MARKS. Mr. Chairman, I rise in
opposition to the proposed amendment.
I do so in light of the fact that the
amendment, I believe, could, be inter-
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1178 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 8, 1979
preted without much question to force
us into a defensive treaty with Taiwan
and force us, therefore, to send American
troops, men and women,. to defend that
island, which is against, in my opinion,
the public policy of this country and
against the feeling of the majority of
the American people.
Mr. Chairman, I also call to the at-
tention of the House, if I may very re-
spectfully, the fact that the amendment
proposed by the gentleman from In-
diana (Mr. QUAYLE). some time ago, and
accepted by this body, should be recon-
sidered to some degree as a result of
these words, and I will read them:
The United States will maintain its ca-
pacity to resist any resort to force.
I suggest very strongly that although
that amendment was accepted by both
sides of the aisle, and I certainly do not
say this in any criticism to the chairman
for whom I have great, great respect, or
to Congressman BROOMFIELD on our side
of the aisle, but I do suggest that there
may be more to be read into that amend-
ment than most of us would desire.
I was not on the floor at the time, but
I suggest in light of what has now been
offered by the gentleman from Ohio
(Mr. AsxsROOK) that we may be leading
ourselves into a very deadly trap.
Mr. Chairman, it is my belief that
the motivation, the timing, and the
method employed in normalizing rela-
tions with the People's Republic of
China were and are proper and justified.
Normalization of relations with the
People's Republic is in our self-interest,
economically, politically, and, I suggest,
strategically.
I would suggest also that this may be
the first time in too many years that we
have allowed, rightfully, those consid-
erations to guide our foreign policy.
Like it or not, admit it or not, we live
in an increasingly interdependent world
that includes not only the free Western
among nations can continue to expand
so that the United States can continue
to expand not only around the globe
but at home as well.
With such sudden attention to the so-
called "super powers," it may appear to
some that the Taiwanese have been lost
in the aftermath, if not that they are
the losers outright. I dare say they are
not.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr.
MARKS) has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. MARKS
was allowed to proceed for 2 additional
minutes.)
Mr. MARKS. Mr. Chairman, today's
bill affirms the determination of the
United States not to forget the friends
that we have on that island. Their right
to engage in lucrative international com-
merce and ability to remain secure have
been insured. Our relationship with the
authorities on Taiwan will continue in
fact, if not in appearance, just as before
recognition of the People's Republic
of China. I would even venture to esti-
mate that Taiwan stands to benefit from
the markets which Sino-American trade
will open up and from the enhanced
security which normalization will bring
to this area of Southeastern Asia.
It is the prerogative and duty of the
Congress to define the new authority on
Taiwan and to assert its intentions to see
that the people on Taiwan are allowed
to pursue their lives in peace and pros-
perity. Today's bill clarifies the entity
with which we will have dealings with
Taiwan, sets forth the mechanisms by
which this country can continue to deal
fairly with Taiwan, and restates a sense
of commitment to the people of Taiwan.
Mr. Chairman, I not only oppose this
amendment but support H.R. 2479, be-
lieving that it satisfies all of the parties
affected by our new enlightenment in
an age of realistic foreign policy.
nations, but the Eastern Communist na- Mr. Chairman, may I once again call
tions as well; and we enter this era be- the attention of this body to the fact
cause of our past reticence with less than that the amendment agreed to and
an enviable world stature. offered earlier by the gentleman from
The efforts to recognize the People's Indiana (Mr. QUAYLE) may be a venture-
Republic of China, a government repre- some one and may be in itself a danger-
senting fully one-quarter of the world's ous one. I hope we will have the oppor-
population, has my full support because tunity of discussing that at some future
it is evident to our friends and our foes time, perhaps in the ery, ear future.
that we are shedding those rose-colored Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Chairman, I move
glasses and are preparing to protect our to strike the requisite number of words,
interests through the best methods and I rise in opposition to the amend-
available. ment offered by the gentleman from
In normalizing ties with the People's Ohio (Mr. AsxaROOK).
Republic, we have neither found a new Mr. Chairman, I will just take a
friend nor befriended an old enemy. We moment to explain my reasons for op-
have simply renewed our acquaintance- posing the amendment. It is obvious to
ship which has for too long been anyone who has read the bill that this
neglected. bill does deal with political relations be-
We to not stand to profit enormously tween the people of the United States
in the short run from expanded sally and the people of Taiwan. It also deals
of agricultural or manufactured exports, with defense relations between the
nor from cheaper imports of a new and people of Taiwan and the people of the
ready source of oil. United States. That is obvious. Anyone
^ 1430 who reads the bill will see that.
But we also must recognize that the
We make no mistake, the Chinese are political relationship and the defense re-
bright and tough negotiators. Our basic lationship are of a very unusual nature.
purpose must be, however, to keep open If we want to take the room or the space
the international system in which the required at this point in the bill to define
exchange of goods, capital and ideas the unusual nature of this political rela-
tionship and the unusual nature of this
defense relationship, we can do it, and do
it safely.
But I feel that the balance of the bill
gives a sufficient elaboration of the politi-
cal and defense relationships that we are
by this bill establishing, and it is unwise
and unnecessary to add these words at
this juncture.
Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. Mr.
Chairman, I move to strike the requisite
number of words.
(Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma asked
and was given permission to revise and
extend his remarks.)
Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. Mr.
Chairman, I rise in support of the
amendment and I rise because I am
concerned about the direction of some
of the debate up to this point.
Many of us who are not opposed to the
recognition of the People's Republic of
China do not necessarily agree with all
of, the steps. that are embodied in the
legislation that is now before us. While
I recognize that constitutionally the
President has the sole power to recog-
nize a nation or not to recognize a na-
tion-and he has undertaken to employ
that power properly, although I would
not have done it in the same way-as a
separate and equal branch of govern-
ment we are elected to exercise our
judgment in terms of specific legislation
implementing how that policy is going
to be carried out, and we are not here for
the purpose of merely rubber-stamping
whatever comes down from the White
House.
As I heard that suggested from the
Democratic side of the aisle I was con-
cerned about what seems to me to be a
continuing apparent abdication of the
rights of this House so as not to upset
the executive branch down at the White
House.
^ 1435
I would like to have commented, if the
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr.
MARKS) had had the time to yield to me
that I was surprised by one of the things
the gentleman said during the argument
against this amendment when he expres-
sed the great fear, the great concern,
that this amendment could lead to send-
ing American men and women to fight on
Taiwan. I do not want to see that happen
either. But I. would say that from every-
thing I have heard coming out of the
White House and from the other side of
the aisle, I thought we were going for-
ward here on the assumption that we had
been assured that there is not going to
be an invasion. We are told that 'con-
stantly. We are told it is not in the best
interest of the People's Republic of China
or of Teng Hsiao-ping to invade Taiwan
so we should relax and not worry about
it.
Isn't the gentleman's concern mis-
placed, since we have already been told-
and I would assume the gentleman
agrees, from the position he takes-that
there is no danger of an invasion of Tai-
wan. So I think that is not really a valid
argument at this point.
Mr. MARKS. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
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March 8, 1979 cCONGnBIESS DIIAIL RIECORD - IHIOUSIE Illl~5
Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. I yield to peace and stability in the area or in the cannot act in committing any troops of
the gentleman from Pennsylvania. political security or economic interest of the United States without the full con-
Mr.. MARKS. The position of this the United States are matters of inter- sent of the Congress.
Member is that this amendment, what- national concern and must be main- just MrTEDWro ARDS ofpOklaht o ma. me
T ho a that we can pro-
p
?w-
b
h
e
e W na
ever one may have perceived t
House as saying, or other person as say- My only point is that I am not adding
would even be that strong.
Ining that
t this a
ing, since we are, talking abou re talking amendment, t suggest that this amend- My point is wheisthat we a must maibout the
le because it states, Na- in area ut when we talk about Taiwan, we are
strai is dangerous
tion would and send its ts young la o,oung g that meenn nd only saying continuing commercial and
flea would
women to defend Talwan. I suggest that cultural interests.
under no circumstances that I can en- My friend, the gentleman from Penn-
vision since the Vietnam war would we Sylvania, if he is upset at what I am say-
have ever sent American young people, ing in the third paragraph, ought to hit
men and women.. to *defend Taiwan. the ceiling with what is in subparagraph
which is one of the great, great reasons 2, because that is really a Tonkin-type
'why the President's China decision was declaration.
MAKS. Mr. Chairman, will the
so dramatic and so outstanding. It fi-
nally told the world, that if anybody was gentleman MARKS .
of Oklahoma. I yield
~ EDWARDS
under any illusion, that that would to the gentleman from Pennsylvania.
happen. Mr. MARKS. Mr. Chairman, I suggest, Mr. Mr
of Oklahoma.
reclaim MD time. I i if I may, to the gentleman from Ohio
_.. ,a v .......
-.I,- two
h
an if I a
,
e
that
will simply say that we have ----t points: One is that his amendment is -
been operating on the assumption ption that unnecessary, since he has pointed out ago. I~e One thing on Paget 3, keep In mind is
everybody can relax. We have proceeded that even stronger language is already the to do away with the defense treaty, the in the bill; and, two, that I am concerned part of section 101(b), which says:
a about the statement that the gentleman The President and the Congress s alloda-
we Mutual told se Treaty of
assured 1954, because
th are told can rest attack against that from Ohio pointed out. terminO, in
appropriate eccon co the United
thew is going to be no attack aI am concerned about this entire proc- States in response action any such danger.
the PRC. Taiwan from the ess which, quite frankly, it seems to me,
While I say I understand the gentle- was brought about because some Mem- So, no matter what we have in this bill,
man's t necessary.concern, we have been told it is bers in this House seemed to feel that any action in response to that is going to
no
not n their turf was taken over by the responsi- be--or at least ?v the;bill 3 1nhcop iid-
ferred to mae again, will the gentleman St-1 -1
ates.
yield? 0 1440
Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. I yield Therefore, I agree with the gentleman
to the gentleman from Pennsylvania. that I am concerned about what he read,
n
Mr. tiura~aazQ. I thank the gentleman,
for yielding. but more so about his amendment.
The gentleman from Oklahoma has Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, will
suggested something that is not factual. my colleague yield for. one last state
At no point in time has anybody ever ment?
laid down a guarantee to the gentleman Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. Cer-
from Oklahoma, or to anyone else, that tainly.
Taiwan would not be invaded by any- Mr. ASHBROOK. We are talking about
one, including the People's Republic. And what the people of Taiwan want. If there
therefore, suggest that the President, tthat tanything o they not have want our made, troops. clear, it is
They
won't haelse, is guaranteeing that that do not want
ou happen. does him and us an do not want our men. They . our defensive capabilities. They want to
in . EDWARDS of purchase and pay for that, incidentally.
Mr. Oklahoma. may They do want spare parts, but they do
reclaim my time, I thank nk the e H I
gentleman not want Our troops.
for saying that. I think he has, made a The The time of the gen-
very good point u and makes the point tleman from Oklahoma has again ex- that they would consult with congress
Shat pomapf these ught no seriously cone pined before taking any appropriate action. At
bider some of thnow that we a that are (At the request of Mr. WOLFF 'and by least in that instance, I certainly believe
being hereei now, now reraxpossibility we are aware unanimous consent Mr. EDWARDS of Ok- they would.
should be concerned about the possibil ty soma was allowed to proceed for 2 st ilcMr. e t KELLY . woMr. rd, and I rise in move to
' of an invasion of Taiwan. ; additional minutes.) art a the amendment
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen- Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the port of Chairman, I think that it would
xtremely important NCO try and re-
tIeMan has ex from Oklahoma (Mr. EDWAxDS) geMr. leman yield. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. I yield be eMr.
(By punanimous consent Mr. EDWARDS to the gentleman from New York. thisgin legislation perspective does reggarddading dx exactly not what
at
of Oklahoma was allowed to proceed for Mr. WOLF. Mr. Chairman, I should There gi none thing and dos bill that
1 additional minute.) not like the legislative history to stand There is not the security i Taiwan bill the
Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, will on the question that was raised by the defensive guarantees interest security the United States
the gentleman yield? gentleman just a moment ago with refer- in the Western st oic.
Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. I yield ence to unilateral action by the President 1445
to the gentleman from Ohio. in committing troops of the United States 0
Mr. ASHBROOK Mr. Chairman if my anywhere in the world. Mr. Chairman, if there is anything in
friend, the gentleman from Pennsylvania The point has been made, and made here that does either of those things,
(Mr. MARKS), will stay near the micro- time and again, that all the applicable then I would be glad to yield to any
phone, I will say to the gentleman that if laws of the United States are in force, and member of the committee or any Mem-
he is worried about what I would do in this in no way dissuades us from that ber of the House who would point- out
my amendment, in subparagraph 3, look position. The war powers resolution is the for us where anything in this bin pro-
at what is in paragraph 2. It says the guiding principle here, and the President vides for the security of Taiwan or for
ecause p
earner,
teed in this debate, arguing the merits or
demerits of the amendments, without
constantly hearing people fall back to the
fact that the President may veto this or
that the President made an agreement
or that the President worked this out.
The President is another branch of gov-
ernment. He is an equal branch of gov-
ernment, and I do not want us to con-
tinue to proceed on the assumption that
it is the responsibility of this House to
abdicate its responsibilities in the inter-
national affairs of this country.
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. I yield to
the gentleman from California.
-
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. I thank the gen
tleman. I would like to follow up on what
ident aria Lae uougre o aaa sww+.+a~+w. -
assume, with the War Powers Act and all
the other statutes.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen-
tleman from Oklahoma has again ex-
pired.
(At the request of Mr. LAGOMARSINO and
by unanimous consent Mr. EDWARDS of
Oklahoma was allowed to proceed for 2
additional minutes.)
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. I would like to
point out that although perhaps only a
few Members of this House would agree
with the administration that it had con-
sulted with Congress as required by the
Security Assistance Act of 1978, that the
administration testified before our com-
mittee and made it very plain that should
there be any action that would affect the
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1180 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
March 8, 1979
the defense interests of the United States colleague that that is why I inserted Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to the gentle-
in the Western Pacific. the word and did not cut out "and other man from Ohio very briefly.
What this bill is is merely an exten- relations."
sion of the policy of retreat which However, I think the gentleman will man for yie dingOK. I thank the gentle-
caused this House to take up this mat- admit that standing alone, it sounds as Stipulating all that is true, stipulat-
ter at this time. though we are only interested in their ing, as I would, that all that is true, my
Having established clearly that that is ballets. and their business, not necessar- only question is why would my learned
the case so that the American public ily in their political or defensive well- friend, the gentleman from New York
will not be deluded in any way by state- being. That is exactly why I worded the (Mr. WOLFF) object to upgrading slightly
ments to the contrary. I would then like amendmenj; that way.
to point out that the amendment of the Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, for our DecHAIRM of Principles?
gentleman
gentleman from Ohio will help to cause the purpose of legislative history' does The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen-
bill to be somewhat more beneficial the gentleman from Wisconsin der- tleman has expired.
than it is; but even with the gentle- stand correctly that the intent of the Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I ask
man's amendment, it is still going to be. Ashbrook amendment in including "de- fora" C vote.
no" a policy of retreat in continuation, fensive" and "Political" is in no wy to g The CHAIRMAN. The question is an
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I move mean a government-to-government reela- the amendment offered by the gentleman
to strike the requisite number of words, tionship; is that correct? The question
from Ohio question A was taken ; . and
and I rise in opposition to the amend- Mr. ASHBROOK. That was not my in- vision was takM B a d)
ment. tention. I may endeavor to offer that there (demanded by noes 40 ASHBROOK),
i will only take a minute or two. kind of amendment later, but it cannot ewere-ayes 3e, noes s0.
I rise, Mr. Chairman, to ask the spon- be done herein the preamble. Th the amendment was rejected.
sor of the amendment, my very distin- I Just merely thought that standing as The CHAIRMAN. Are there other
guished, able colleague, the gentleman it does, it sounds a little bit negative amendments NT OFFERED BY
front Ohio (Mr. ASHBROOK), who I know and a little bit demeaning to the people AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. HANSEN
to be a very astute legislator, if he will of Taiwan. For that reason, I wanted to Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I offer
advise the gentleman from Wisconsin as elevate the language, so to speak. an amendment.
to what is the intent or the purpose of Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I The Clerk read as follows:
this amendment, including the words thank the gentleman from Ohio.
"defensive" and "Political"? ? I wanted this on the record just in 3, Amendment immediately o afterl ine s, insert o new sec-
Is my understanding correct that the case, by any chance, his amendment tion as follows:
amendment tries to put government-to- should carry. (6)
the e-
o this section, t and In remainder
government provisions in the bill? Mr. Chairman, I urge that the amend- visions of this aiwand shall n the
be e eMr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman , if ment be defeated. "friendly of the bill, the a United States" under ethe
my colleague will yield, I think he knows Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, .will the terms of title II of Public Law under that I would do that if I could; but my gentleman yield?
answer would be that I do not think Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to the stat.244).
those two words add that, no. I do not man from New York. gentle- an Mir. HANSEN. Mr. that i this I ad-
believe
-believe that by inserting the word "po- Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, i thank unanimous con to, that this amend-
one could talk about government- the gentleman' for yielding, dons b tions b agreed redesignated all succeeding subsec-
to-government because we are talking There is one factor to be taken into e HRMAN. acchere oy.
about the people on Taiwan. I think my consideration if the gentleman is really The CHAIRMAN. Is eere objection
amendment would be considered in the concerned about the defense of Taiwan. to the request of the gentleman from
context of the whole bill. It is very clear He does not want it' in the preamble, Idaho?
that that does not mean government-to- necessarily, to the bill; he wants it, in There was no objection.
government. ' fact, in the bill itself. Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, this was
Again, I would say that I would like to, Mr. Chairman, I refer the gentleman pretty much aired earlier. I will read the
but I do not think that language would to page 3 of the bill which goes beyond amendment again because I think we
do it. the Mutual Security Treaty in defending have ironed out some of the language
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I am sure the gentle- Taiwan. that seemed to bother some -of the
man from Ohio understands the purpose The Mutual Security Treaty states as Members.
of the legislation before us, that is, to follows: In interpreting boycott under the Pro-
vi, authorizaton for continuing re- Each Party recognizes that an armed at- ofsithhee of bill, saiw n shall In In the remainder
lotions between the United states and tack in the West Pacific Area directed against friendly t to the United s es considered
the
provide Taiwan. That between the purpose of the bill. the territories of either of the Parties would terms to the of Public States 95-52 (91
Is be to own Would the gentleman from Ohio ad- and dde la essthatiit would act to meet the terms of title II of Public Law 95-52 (91
vise me as to what is the g Stet. 244).
amendment? purpose of his common den er in accordance with its con- E] 1455
stitutional processes. Mr. HANSEN. The
Mr. ASHBROOK. If the gentleman The bill itself states clearly that any amendment is to reaffirm the commit-
will yield further, I would say, as I tried armed attack against Taiwan or use of ment o the United States to the anti -
to explain in my brief statement in in- force or boycott or embargo to prevent
troducing the n in my brief explain in
to Law 95 and
me Taiwan from engaging r trade with boycott applying it, spec of Public
that the declaration of by applying it.spgua specifically to Taiwan ono
that our principles gov- other nations would be a threat to the insure insisting on
rfer ffrom to the Taiwanlaw to
clarity in reference n language
g policy with regard to Taiwan peace and stability of the Western
Taiwan.
is cast in a rather negative role when we Pacific area and of grave concern to the By handling it like this, I think that
indicate that we are interested in the United States.
area, ut ac- we have ironed out any problems re-
pace and re only interested a, but ac- It goes on to say the following: Taiwanyarding the designation of the entity of
Peace we ane,friendly stability of the acommercial and tin- (b) The President shall promptly- inform about Taiwan.
are now talking an will be
ued, clrel fwith the the congress of any danger to United states reassurance undr t that Taiwan will be tural
Taiwan. people Of' interests arising from any threat to the included under the antiboycott pro-
Mr. ZABLOCKI. And other relations security of Taiwan. The President and the visions of the law, as was stipulated al-
n Congress shall determine, in accordance with ready in committee language In the re-
which go far beyond political and de- constitutional processes, appropriate action port.
fensive considerations. by the United states in response to any such I think it is the concern of many
Mr. A3HBROOK. Right. danger.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Very many other ' [] 1450 Members that this protection against
boycotts be officially included d the lan-
kinds of relations. Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, will g -age of the bill. Therefore, in Therefore, I submit
mit
Mr. ASHBROOK. I would say my consin, yield? proved.
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111181.
8, 1979 C9NGR.ESS]EONAL RECORD-HOUSE
F ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, i rise -iue bill now ___--ving,
worki position to the amendment. under the principles +ha ham} enntioranee making a vital oan li ntributi on to the econ
f
t
s o
late on the gentleman's proposal interes
en the gentleman introduced his and the United States enjoy close com- They are worried about the welfare of
and other ties. Further, their families in Taiwan, and stated as
ultural
i
l
,
a
, c
amendment prematurely. As I said be- merc
fore, I think it is absolutely unnecessary. the measure states quite clearly, that much in a recent open letter to the com-
or embargo munity which was carried in the
boycott
med attack
,
,
Mr. Chairman, does the gentleman be- any ar
lieve, does anybody believe, that Taiwan against Taiwan would be an implicit March 1, 1979, Pacific Daily News. The
is unfriendly to the United States? Why threat to the peace and stability of the letter read:
must we say in this legislation that it Western Pacific and thus of immense AN OPEN LETTER the
Chinese must be considered friendly to the concern
Mr. chairman, Delegate from Community on Guam, would like to register
would insulting to the America's most westerly territory in the our indignation and feeling of bewilderment
United think it States?
I think
Taiwanese, to the people on Taiwan, and Pacific, Guam, I cannot help but feel loover mat cerelaCarter ns with the Republic o breaking
to the government of the people on strongly about this measure. The Chair- to Taiwan as the price for Republic fl nga
Taiwan. man of the House Foreign Affairs COm- relations with Communist China.
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, will the mittee, my good friend and colleague, the We firmly believe that the freedom and
? gentleman yield? Honorable CLEMENT ZABLOCKI, and his peace loving Chinese people all over the world
Mr. ZABLOCKL Yes. Does the gentle- colleagues are 100-percent correct when share the same sentiments. We are confronted
man believe there is any doubt in the they expressed their concern over the by a situation where a government built
gentleman's mind that we consider Tai- rapidly deteriorating conditions in the upon high ideals and principles has been be-
.wan Pacific. trayed by her long-time friend and ally for
.wan a friendly ally?
Mr. % Since the recent decision by the ad- the sake of expediency.
when government Chairman, I think a like the United ministration to forsake Taiwan in favor We recognize that it is beyond our ability
to alter the course the Carter administration
States severs diplomatic relations with of a new relationship with China that is has been pursuing, yet we would like to take
another nation, it would be considered of dubious benefit to this country, thou- this opportunity to make clear that we love
that we are committing an unfriendly sands of. Americans, including my own and admire the Republic of China. Further-
act, not the Government of Taiwan. Y constituents, have become increasingly more, we firmly support the Government of
think it hurts nothing for us to have in concerned about the future of Taiwan. the Republic of China simply because of the
this legislation a reassurance to them Let it be quite clear that I share this fact that what she has done in Taiwan re-
_ concern. fleets a spirit of human endeavor which must
not so much ibecause we are concerned This is not to say that the United bep mired by free people everywhere. The
Republic of China stands as a torch of light
about their attitude; perhaps they need States should not enjoy the closest poem beaming into the hearts of all our brethren
to know what our attitude is officially. sible political ties with Peking. No right on the Chinese mainland who live in the
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, if the thinking person wants American foreign darkness of Communism.
gentleman had read the legislation he Policy to return to the days of the "cold We are also confident that the Commu-
would know that throughout the entire war." ? It is right and proper that this nisi hierarchy lo the C inese, the mainland 111
bill, we refer to friendly relations, to Nation do all within its power to cement eventually collapse.
friendly people, to friendly commercial new and permanent ties with the world's Cho a the ht be a free an dsunitd one based
and cultural relations. The wording is largest body of people. Anything less Democracy, and Social Welling as set forth
replete in the legislation. I think the would not be in the best interests of this by our nations' Founding Father. Dr. Sun
amendment is absolutely unnecessary. country or the world at large. Yat-sen.
Mr. Chairman, I submit the best way I do protest, however, the belief that _ PARTIAL LIST of SPONSORS
we could demonstrate to the people on we must forsake our past ties with Tai-
Taiwan that we are concerned for them wan. They deserve our continued sup- The School of United Guam Chinese USA; Assssoci Inociation; n; Chi nese
inese
and are friendly to them is to pass this port. They have time and time again Travel; Guam Marine Products Inc.; First
legislation unhampered with amend- proven to be our good friend and ally Commercial Bank of Taiwan; Hsing-Lung
mats even when others have wavered in their Investment Co. Ltd.; Tumon Bay Shopping
Mr. Chairman, I hope the amendment support of us during times of stress. Center; Unity Development Corp.; winner
is defeated. . Although I will not take the time here investment Development Corp.; Central
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance to recount the many key provisions of Amusement Corps;
of my time this highly crucial measure, I do believe Johnson Yee & Associates (Guam); In-
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on its most salient aspect is the assurance vMart; allay tats (CGornp , )D nc; Pio ee Etur ne
the amendment offered by the gentleman it gives to our friends in Taiwan that we Mart; sea; Belen's Supermarkets; Rsea Guam
from Idaho (Mr. HANSEN). in Congress will not permit the United International Corp.; Peter Woo Co., Guam
The question was taken; and on a divi- States to readily terminate a relation- Ltd? Maxim's Corp;
sion (demanded by Mr. HANSEN) there ship which has proven mutually bene- Chinese Acupuncture; General Supply
were-ayes 37, noes 28. ficial since 1949. Inc.; King-Hue Restaurant; Smart Enter.
So the amendment was agreed to. To those who would say that mainland prise Inc.; Hafa Adai Textile Co.; S.K. In-
The CHAIRMAN. Are there other China represents a new "miracle" mar- ternational Inc.; Cosmos Enterprise; V-
ket for American goods, I say they are Lights Ent., Inc; L.K. Lucky Store; Hu's
amendments to section 2? fooling themselves. Peking wants to mod- Furniture;
Mr WON PAT. Mr. Chairman, I move Meaning Enterprises; Eastern Furniture;
to strike the last word. ernize, but they will not do so in a reck- L & T (Guam) Corp.; Ida Trading Co.; Tung
(Mr. WON PAT asked and was given less manner. They want high technology Hum Trading, Co.; Hot Ming Printing; Pa-
permission to revise and extend his re- and arms: not Coca-Cola, Fords, and cific Accounting service Inc.; B'B Furniture;
marks.) frisbies. They will be careful on how Seven Sea Ent.; Peking Restaurant;
Mr. WON PAT. Mr. Chairman, I rise they spend their limited foreign ex- Cheng's Furniture; Lin's Company; Rat-
in strong support of the bill at issue, change and they will not hesitate to tan Furniture; "Q" Furniture Inc.; Pacific
H.R. 2479, and ask unanimous consent cancel contracts that may conflict with Int.; unitu e; Thunderbird A Travel; Formosa
Store; MG
national policy as was shown several Corp.; o
to revise and extend my remarks. (Guam) Co.;
I am proud to add my support' to that days ago when Peking canceled $2.5 Genghis Khan Inc.; MSZ Inc.; Shining
of many of my colleagues for H.R. 2479, billion worth of contracts with Japanese Ent. Corp; Union Corp.; China Insurance
a bill which seeks to redefine U.S. rela- firms. Co.; Howard Kung Co.; Four Seas Inc.;
tions with Taiwan (formerly the Repub- I and almost every single economic ex- Goodwill Corp.; Genul Enterprise; and Chio's
lic of' China). This action is urgently Bert in the world believe that our eco- Optical.
needed in light of recent American ac- nomic ties with~Taiwan' will continue to It is clear that Congress has the re-
tions to strip Taiwan of its legitimate bring more jobs to Americans than will sponsibility to do its duty in the matter
political ties with this Nation in favor of mainland China. of protecting Taiwan. The image of
political ties with mainland China. in my own home island of Guam, we America in the Pacific is at stake. Our
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Im ILugZ CONGR]ESSXONA L RECORD-HOUSIE March 8,
_
friends wonder out loud if we will aban- to inform the Congress if specific threats, Amendment offered by Mr. KRAMEE
don them too when the going gets too listed
li
ear
er in the bill, impinge on Tai-
rough or when it TIME I
proves to be to our wan's security, or the peace and stabilit
SEC 101 ,.
y
A
G
s a
uximanlau, a also am deeply con- Those threats are the "Use of force, shall include, if requested by Taiwan, defense
cerned about the implications of our boycott, or embargo to prevent Taiwan materials incorporating the highest avauable
actions toward Taiwan in recent months, from engaging in trade with other technology.".
Will Peking take our refusal to publi
n
l
ti
'
c
y
a
ons.
Mr, KRAMER. Mr. Chairmad, the in-
defend Taiwan as a signal to seize what The amendment clarifies and strength- tent of this amendment is to strengthen
it regards as Communist territory? ens the current language so that there our commitment to preserve the peace
We in Guam have suffered greatly Is no doubt about what congress con- and the stability of the Western Pacific
because of a failure to keep war out of siders a "threat to the security of Tai- area by making available to Taiwan, if
the Pacific. We do not want, to see re- wan." By listing the various scenarios, necessary, the kind of equipment required
n
all too ripe for war. And we do ewed armed struggle in an area that is Congress can also demonstrate its vital to defend itself against armed attack
not
want concern for the to see our isla d become another battle dence of the Republic of Chinand a indepen- and offer Protect its interes.
this amendmerlttsto Insure our
ground over the interests of major super Mr. ZABLOCKr. Mr. Chairman, will friends on Taiwan that they will be able
powers. the gentleman yield? to purchase the best and most advanced
I salute Chairman ZABLOCKr and his Mr. LAGOMARSINO. I yield to the military equipment needed for their
Foreign Affairs Committee colleagues gentleman from Wisconsin. defense.
for their keen understanding of the Mr. ZABLOCKL I thank the gentle- It has been pointed out that Taiwan
critical nature of the situation In Tai- man for yielding, has already been refused much of our,
wan. I share their fear of the future and Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from sophisticated military technology, such
their desire to take a strong stand now California.(Mr. LACOMARSINO) has made as F-4 Phantoms, F-16 and F-18 fight-
Yor our friends in Taiwan. his amendment available to the commit- ers, F-5G planes, and missiles.
Finally, I must note that I have urged tee, and we had an opportunity to review Our refusal to sell Taiwan this equip-
the Secretary of State and this Congress it. The gentleman's amendment includes ment has been based on the contention of
to do everything within its power to language that deals with threats to the the State Department that such material
have Taiwan establish an economic office peace and stability of the Western Pacific is not purely "defensive," since these
in Guam. This action would` greatly fa- area. as well as to Taiwan, more advanced forms of aircraft are
cilitate the maintenance of economic Mr. LAGOMARSINO.: That is correct, capable of striking the Chinese mainland,
ties with that country. Mr. ZABLOCKI. And Includes any and other equipment is potentially
^ 1500 threat resulting from actions described adaptable to offensive uses. We must-re-
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I move in paragraph (5). In my opinion the member, however, that in the future
to strike the last work. amendment clearly spells out the intent Taiwan will face a serious problem as-the
Mr. Chairman, several Members have of the committee when it adopted this PRC continues to modernize its armed
as Ch irman it is our intention to amendment. Therefore we have no objec- forces, with the aid of our NATO allies.
omplete consideration of the bill tion on our side. The F-5E, Taiwan's mainstay .fighter at
Yes, tit a our iof the bileto the Mr. LAGOMA)~INO? I thank the present, is not an all-weather aircraft,
bill today, u intention eane what the hour is. gentleman, and Is capable of no more than a few
Theo day, CHAIRMAN. whe there 'other Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, will minutes of sustained combat over the
amendments R section Are the gentlemanyield? mainland. In other words, should the
There being none, the Clerk will read Mr. LAGOMARSINO, I- yield to the PRC chose to invade Taiwan in poor
title Y. getleman from Illinois. weather conditions, that nation's air
The Clerk read as follows: Mr. DERWINSKI. I thank the gentle- force, so highly touted by the adminis-
Clerk follows: man for yielding. tration, would be effectively grounded. At
TIT
I- OF IN
THE WESTERN PACIFIC
tiOn to offer Mr. Chairman, it had been my Inten- the same time, even given good weather,
PROTECTION OS UNITED STATES SECURITY line 15, which Iis tamendment on he exact point where striking those n same coastal airfields from
INTERESTS the gentleman is amending the bill.
SEO. 101. (a) In furtherance of the prin- I would have added, after the phrase lwhich
aunched. a PRC's attacks are being
ciples set forth in section 2 of this Act, the "the security of Taiwan" the phrase "or Moreover, Taiwan needs very badly
United States will make available to Taiwan the resort to discriminatory trade prac- the harpoon antiship missile and ad-e defense gai le armedeattackservices for its tices, boycotts, embargoes, and other vanced antisubmarine warfare equip-
(b) The President shall promptly inform similar measures." meant. Being highly dependent on foreign
the Congress of any danger to, United States The gentleman from Wisconsin had trade, Taiwan needs this equipment to
interests arising from any threat to the indicated he had no objection to that. assure that the sea lanes into and out of
security of Taiwan. The President and the In effect, the gentleman from California the island will remain open, and to de-
congress shall determine, in accordance with (Mr. LAGOMARSINO) is covering the same fend Itself against the PRC's large sub-
constitutional processes, appropriate action point I had intended to cover. I have no marine fleet. A similar argument can
by the United States in response to any. such particular pride in authorship and Ian- be made on behalf of Taiwan's need for
danger. guage, so I commend the
^ 1505 gentleman for new destroyers and modem radar
his amendment and I support him. I will equipment.
AMENDMENT OFFERED 'DY MR. LAGOMARSINO not bp offering my amendment.
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman, Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairmn, separateduP om tthe Chnese mainland
I offer an amendment. will the gentleman yield? by only 110 miles of water, and that its
The Clerk read as follows: Mr. "LAGOMARSINO. I yield to the ability to control the Taiwan strait is
Amendment offered by Mr. IacosARsrxo? gentleman from Michigan, the key factor which will determine that
Page 3, line 13, after of, insert the follow- Mr. BROOMFIET.n, Mr. Chairman, nation's future security and economic
ing: "threats to the peace and stability of we, also, on the minority side, accept the viability., We can do no less, I believe,
the Western Pacific area and of". gentleman's amendment. than to assure the people of Taiwan that
Page 3, line 15, immediately before the
period insert the following: ", including any The CHAIRMAN, The question is on we in the United States will sell them
threat resulting from actions described in the amendment offered by the gentleman the equipment they so badly need for
paragraph (5) of section 211. from California (Mr. LAGOMARSINO), their effective defense. This cannot be
(Mr. LAGOMARSINO asked and was The amendment was agreed to. antiquated, outmoded equipment; it
given permission to revise and extend AMENDMENT OFFERED DY MR. sRAMER must be up-to-date and capable of meet-ing
his remarks.) . Mr. KRAMER. Mr. ChairmanY offer be any offensive threat which might
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr, Chairman, an amendment. be posed against it . Our decision to sell th equipent must be this amendment requires the President The Clerk read as follows: regal dal to both our own intere is and
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sitivities of our new so-called "allies"
Peking.
This is why I feel it is imperative that
the Congress specify, here in this bill,
that it is our intention that Taiwan be
permitted to purchase from us the best
military equipment available, sufficient
to meet its defense requirements. I
strongly urge, therefore, that this
amendment be adopted.
^ 1510
We are not talking about offensive
weapons. We are talking about defensive
weapons here.
Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Chairman, will.
the gentleman yield?
Mr. KRAMER. I yield to the gentle-
man from Missouri.
Mr. SKELTON. The gentleman is in-
tending to insert the phrase, "the highest
technology," is that correct?
Mr. KRAMER. That is correct.
Mr. SKELTON. Would the gentleman
tell this body which other country,
which other ally we have in this world,
there is where we are required by law
to share with them the highest tech-
nology?
Mr. KRAMER. Well, I cannot answer
the gentleman's question.
Mr. SKELTON. As a matter of fact,
there is no other such ally. There is no
such other friend where we are required
by law to give them the highest tech-
nology that we have available to us?
Is that not correct?
Mr. KRAMER. Well, as I said before,
I cannot answer the gentleman's ques-
tion, but I do not think that detracts
from the merits of the argument we are
making. If we are sincerely interested in
protecting the ability of Taiwan to de-
fend itself under the circumstances it
is presently situated in, I think we ought
to have the opportunity of furnishing
it with the highest technology defensive
equipment, because if we are not willing
to do that, what would be involved, in
my judgment, is an exercise in futility.
Mr. SKELTON. Does the gentleman
not think we should have the right for
our Commander in Chief to make the
decision of what technology is used for
what ally?
Mr. KRAMER. Talking about offen-
sive weapons, I cannot agree with the
gentleman more. In defensive weapons,
we are talking about an entirely different
situation.
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. KRAMER. I yield to the gentle-
man from New York.
Mr. WOLFF. Does the gentleman
realize what he is saying in this amend-
ment? Would he provide them with nu-
clear weapons?
Mr. KRAMER. We are talking about
defensive weapons.
CONGI>gOSHONA RIECO) D e IHIOUSIE
in this amendment, but I would ask the
gentleman this question: If the require-
ments he has written into this bill, lines
10 to 12, will make available to Taiwan
defense articles and defense services for
its defense against armed attack, what
are we talking about there? Are we talk-
ing about horse-drawn equipment, or are
we talking about an aircraft left over
from World War II? I think if we are
really serious about providing appro-
priate defense equipment, we have got
to provide the best and most effective
that is available.
Mr. WOLFF. I think the point the gen-
tleman makes is a strong one against his
amendment, because we do have in here
the provision that we will have appro-
priate defense, appropriate action, and
appropriate weaponry for the defense of
Taiwan. I think if he is talking about the
the highest technology, he is going
far beyond the realm of what is possible
for us to be able to, in reality, perform.
Mr. KRAMER. Would the gentleman
answer one of my questions? He indi-
cates that we have explicitly provided to
the people of Taiwan appropriate de-
fensive weaponry in light of their par-
ticular situation. Might I ask where we
have done that?
Mr. WOLFF. In the area that we will
take appropriate action in response to
any danger.
Mr. KRAMER. Might I ask where we
have talked about where we are somehow
defining what constitutes appropriate de-
fensive equipment?
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen-
tleman from Colorado has expired.
(At the request of Mr. KELLY and by
unanimous consent Mr. KRAMER was al-
lowed to proceed for 2 additional min-
utes.)
Mr. KELLY. Would the gentleman
yield?
Mr. KRAMER. I would like to get an
answer to the question from the gen-
tlemna from New York.
Mr. WOLFF. The United States is
continuing in its pipeline this year
alone, even though we have had a hiatus
in new equipment that we are giving
to them or selling to them, we have
$850 million in the pipeline alone of
sophisticated weaponry.
^ 1515
To establish the legislative history
here, we do not mean that we will de-
liver to them outmoded, outdated,
horse-drawn vehicles. We mean that we
will deliver to them appropriate equip-
ment which is necessary to the de-
fense of Taiwan.
Mr. KRAMER. Does the gentleman
have language that he would offer to
substitute for mine to provide that?
Mr. WOLFF. I would be delighted to
find it in the report, in an attempt to
enlarge upon the instructions that are
given in the bill itself.
Mr. WOLFF. Well, there are some peo- Mr. KRAMER. The only point I
ple who consider nuclear weapons as de- would make to the gentleman is this,
fensive weapons. How about the F-14, is that if anyone were in the situation
that defensive or offensive? What about in which Taiwan finds itself now, and a
our own needs in this country? Do we statutory provision of this country said
furnish them to Taiwan first, before we that we would make available to them
can have them in our own supply? defensive arms and defensive services,
Mr. KRAMER. The limitations and they would have to have some really
quantities and numbers are not specified serious reservations about what that
IHI 1183
meant, about what that constituted,
and whether they could really assume
that they could be adequately protected
and be able to protect their interests
based on supplies coming from this
country without some definition of
what that statutory provision means.
Mr. WOLFF. If the gentleman will
yield further, in the language of the re-
port, on page 6, it states the following:
It is the committee's intent that the
United States will continue to make avail-
able modern weapons for Taiwan, and not
shift to a policy of supplying only obsolete
weapons. In fact, the United States should
make available those types of conventional
weapons and equipment needed for Taiwan's
defense and not upon the reaction that
supplying such defense articles or defense
services might stimulate.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the
gentleman from Colorado (Mr. KRABa)
has expired.
(On request of Mr. KELLY and by
unanimous consent, Mr. KRAMER was al-
lowed to proceed for 1 additional
minute.)
Mr. KRAMER. Mr. Chairman, I would
only make the comment to the gentle-
man from New York (Mr. WOLFF) that
if the report provides for modern weap-
onry, what is modern weaponry? To me,
modern weaponry is weaponry which is
of the highest available technology.
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. KRAMER. I yield to the gentle-
man from Florida.
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, I think
the gentleman's amendment is well
taken because we all-will notice that
there was nothing specific about what
would be provided. For instance, are
we going to get any answers to these
questions? Is there air-to-ground
capacity so that the defense of Taiwan
could start at the embarkation points
on the mainland of China, and will there
be antisubmarine warfare equipment
and the real means of defending a
nation?
There is nothing to indicate that Tai-
wan has those weapons now, that they
are in the pipeline; or that the United
States intends to give those weapons to
them. There is no assurance in this bill
which indicates that, and it is a sham.
As far as any reference to the security
of Taiwan or of the Western Pacific de-
fenses of the United States is concerned,
'that is what this bill is, a sham; and I
think the gentleman's amendment has
pointed that out.
Mr. KRAMER. Mr. Chairman, I thank
the gentleman for his remarks.
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, I move to
strike the last word, and I rise in sup-
port of the amendment.
(Mr. KELLY asked and was given per-
mission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, I would
like to pose a question to the gentleman
from Colorado (Mr. KRAMER).
Does the gentleman intend by his
amendment that the highest available
technology has reference to conven-
tional weapons, or is he including atomic
weaponry in what he describes?
Mr. KRAMER. If the gentleman will
yield, Mr. Chairman, I would say to the
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IHI H84
CONGRIESSEONAIL RIECORD"HOuSIE .
gentleman that I think that there are this bill is just simply closing the deal
various arguments which could be made completing the surrender.
on both sides of the question of what The administration by its policy of ab-
constitutes that type of weaponry. My dicating the interests of the United
judgment is that what we are looking at States in the Western Pacific just simply
is defensive weaponry only. is having that program and policy ex-
Mr. KELLY.. Is the gentleman talk- tended by this legislation. This is the
ing about conventional weapons only or final chapter in this particular episode,
is he suggesting that this language and that is all it is. There is nothing in
would require the United States to pro- this bill that provides any protection for
vide the officials on Taiwan with atomic our interests or Taiwan's, and I just want
technology? to keep reminding everybody of that.
Mr. KRAMER. I have to say to the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen-
gentleman that, in all candor, I could tleman has expired.
not really list for the gentleman what AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. WHITE AS A SUB-
might be considered as defensive atomic STITUTE FOR THE AMENDMENT OFFERED BY
weaponry. It seems to me that most nu- MR. KRAMER
clear weaponry is of the offensive type.
^ 1520
Mr. KELLY. All right, then the gentle-
man would intend this to be limited to
conventional weapons?
Mr. KRAMER. That is correct. That
would be my thought at this point. There
may be some technology I am not aware
of that in effect would make nuclear
g
technology defensive, but I am not in such quantity, and maintained by a pro-
aware of any such at this point. gram of continual equipment modernization,
Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, will the as can be effectively utilized for its defense
ield? against armed attack."
gentleman
y
Mr. KELLY. I yield to the gentleman
from Florida.
Mr. FASCELL. I thank the gentleman
for yielding. What the gentleman has
done is define the amendment to have a
different definition from the definition
that is already in the bill, and now I am
really confused' here. "Highest available
technology" does have a meaning or it
does not have a meaning. But the pro-
ponent of the amendment in responding
to the interrogator is now trying to de-
lineate the definition.
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, I would
like to regain my time.
Mr. FASCELL. The gentlemen used my
time before. I am just trying to get Some
of mine back.
Mr. KELLY. I think the gentleman is
in the.right place to be confused.
Mr. FASCELL. The gentleman asked
the question. I was just listening to the
answer
March 8'
modern weapons and not go into
furnishing of obsolete weapons.
^ 1525
illicitly stated. I have seen the weapons
on Taiwan and I can state the weap-
onry on Taiwan, particularly in their
aircraft, is in many instances obsolete
and not adequate to modern technology,
modern defense against a nation which
does have modern technology.
I think this particular amendment re-
flects the wishes of the American public.
All we are talking about is modern de-
fensive weaponry of a conventional na-
ture to preserve the integrity and sov-
ereignty of Taiwan as it now stands,
preserve it from attack from abroad.
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. WHITE. I yield to the gentleman.
from California.
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman,
I thank the gentleman for yielding. I
think the gentleman's amendment is
very apt. We should address this concern.
One of the things that concerns me
about what has happened is that the
President did not go into the aspect of
nuclear armaments, the nuclear non-
proliferation treaty and so on, in his
negotiations and agreements with the
People's Republic, nor with Taiwan.
I think one of the great dangers we
face in that area of the world is that
Taiwan, feeling completely isolated,
might go ahead and develop atomic
weapons. I, for one, do not think they will
do so; they deny any such intention.
I believe they have the capacity and
know-how to produce atomic devices. By
assuring them we will provide them with
conventional weapons of the latest tech-
nology, we' can avoid that; so I support
the gentleman's amendment offered as a
substitute for the amendment of the gen-
tleman from Colorado.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. WHITE. I yield to the gentleman
from Wisconsin.
,
. It is an institutional dis- a parliamentary inquiry. Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, the
Mr. KELLY.
gentleman .
ease, and the purpose the remarks s- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will in
troduced a from Texas substitute am (am dment has
his inquiry. introduced On
the gentleman from Florida (Mr. KELLY) this side we have an opportunity to re-
is to try and help straighten it out. There Mr. FASCELL. The substitute is sub- view the substitute amendment. Truly,
is not one person who is going to get up ject to an amendment, is it not, whereas it spells out harmony with the provisions
on this floor and represent to the Mem- an amendment to an amendment is not; of the Military Arms Export Control Act...
bers of this House, or to the people of the is -that correct? We find no objection to it. It is such an
United States, that Taiwan has the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman is improvement over the amendment of-
weaponry at the present time to defend correct. fered by the gentleman from Colorado
itself adequately. There is not one person Mr. WHITE. The reading of the that, on this side, we accept the substi-
who is going to get up and pledge the amendment itself conveys the meaning tute.
President of the United States to provide and the purpose of my amendment as a Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman,
such weapons. There is nothing in this substitute for the amendment offered before I accept the amendment, I would
bill that provides for it. The language in by the gentleman from Colorado (Mr. like to yield to the gentlewoman from
this bill is just vague generalizations that KRAMER). It says: New Jersey for a question.
are designed to delude the American peo- Conventional defense articles and services Mrs. FENWICK. Mr. Chairman, I
pie to cause them to believe that Taiwan of modern technology in such quantity, and wanted to ask if? I have understood the
and the defense of the United States are maintained by a program of continual gentleman's amendment correctly. I
secure; do not worry about anything; we equipment modernization, as can be effec- have not seen a copy, are we to furnish
will just keep retreating and we will not tively utilized for its defense against armed
disturb the world or anything that is attack, as requested "such weapons and such
they just say, "send
important to. the United States, which is This eliminates the question that has it," without paying?
all a great piece of nonsense. been raised as to whether or not we Mr. WHITE. Well, the President would
The world of freedom is shrinking, would give nuclear weapons to Taiwan. have discretion. This is merely assuring
This is a reason for it. It is retreating in This is talking in terms of conventional that whatever is furnished of a conven-
the face of communism. That is all it weaponry only. I know there is a provi- tional nature is modern.
amounts to. What the House is doing by sion in the report saying that it is the Mrs. FENWICK. Mr. Chairman, if the
Mr. WHITE. Mr. Chairman, I offer an
amendment as a substitute for the
amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. WHITE as a sub-
stitute for the amendment offered by W.
KRAMER: Page 3, line 11, delete all of sen-
tence after "Taiwan", and insert in lieu
thereof the following: "conventional defense
articles and services of modern technolo
y
(Mr. WHITE asked and was given per-
mission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. WHITE. I yield to the gentleman
from Florida.
Mr. FASCELL. I thank the gentleman
for yielding.
Did the gentleman offer an amendment
to the amendment, or is he offering a
substitute? I am sorry, I missed that.
Mr. WHITE. I am offering a substitute
for the amendment offered by the gen-
tleman from Colorado.
The CHAIRMAN. It is more properly
a substitute. It will be considered as a
substitute for the amendment offered by
the gentleman from Colorado (Mr.
PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY
Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman
I have
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March 8, .1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 11[185
1530 to give the authority to the Taiwanese
gentleman will yield further, it does not ^
mean we have to send them if they order (Mr. DERWINSKI asked and was people to make their own determina-
them? given permission to revise and extend his tions as far as their defense needs, and
obviously, as the gentleman from Ohio
Mr. WHITE. Oh, no. remarks.)
away the veto ASHBROOK) pow points er but, we the are People tak-
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, (Mr.
's
will the gentleman yield? basically my amendment would provide ing Republic. away This pow r of the Peo and
Mr. WHITE. I yield to the gentleman that in assuming, as we have in the ear- I support it.
from Michigan. her amendment and in the debate, that Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, we are speaking of defense articles and appreciate the fact that for the people
I am happy to accept the amendment. defense services for Taiwan, these sales s could th a eople
Mr. ?KRAMER. Mr. Chairman, will the of supplies and of these defense items in Foggy worrisome so Bottom fact
I specifically be a li le provided
gentleman yield? from the United States, under the pro- this amendment that the determination
Mr. WHITE. I yield to the gentleman visions of this bill, would be made-and of Taiwan's defense needs shall be re-
from Colorado. now I quote specifically from my amend- viewed by U.S. military authorities "for
? Mr. KRAMER. Mr. Chairman, I thank ment- forwarding with their recommendation
the gentleman for what I think is quite Without regard to the views of the People's the President and the Congress.
good language to clarify any ambiguity Republic of China with respect to the pro-
I had in my amendment. I hope the gen- vision of such articles or services. In other words, we still have the
'tleman's amendment will be supported. amendment then goes on and normal review of the capability we think
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, will the The they need. The President has his judg-
states that the determination of Tai- ment and the Congress has its judgment,
gentleman yield? wan's defense needs shall be reviewed by based on the recommendation of our
Mr. WHITE. I yield to the gentleman United States military authorities for military authorities, the point being that
from Florida. forwarding with their recommendation the authorities, military and political in
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, the gen- to the President and the Congress. That Peking, will not be callii}g the shots on
tleman certainly intends by this language is standard procedure. what we agreed or disagreed to in pro-
that they would have such air-to-ground I think, we all recognize the realities viding supplies and services to Taiwan.
missile capacity as would be reasonable of the situation. At some point down the Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, will the
for defense; that is, for them to be able line, not with the pipeline but 1, 3, or 5
to attack embarkation points on the years from now, the authorities in Pe- gentleman yield?
Mr. DE yield? Y. I yield to the gen-
mainland if an invasion was in progress? king are well apt to come to whatever tleman from Florida.
Mr. WHITE. I did not have in mind administration is in power in the United Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, is the
embarkation points. I do have in mind to States and pointedly object to some gentleman stating that his amendment
interdict attacking troops by ships or article that we have agreed to sell to would preclude the President of the
barges or ships of that nature. Taiwan. United States from considering what-
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, if the gen- All my amendment spells out is the ever factors the President wants to con-
tleman will yield further, that would in- fact that in the sale of defense articles sider when he authorized the delivery
elude the same type of capacity, would and defense services, this determination of defense equipment or services?
it not? shall be made without regard to the Mr. DERWINSKI. No, just the op-
Mr. WHITE. Ground to air and air to views of the People's Republic of China.
ground necessary in order to defend. posits. I am saying that amendment
Mr. KELLY. The gentleman specifl- I do not think we want to give the politi- provides that the President shall take
cally intends that that be included in this cal or military authorities in Peking a into account the recommendations to
veto power over what we decide we will him by our military authorities. But I
amendment?
Mr. WHITE. Yes, to that extent. provide Taiwan under this bill.
Mr. Chairman, I think this is a prac specifically stated in making the deter-
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on tical amendment. I would hope that the urination this will be made without re-
the amendment offered by the gentleman logic of it is obvious to the members, and gard to the views of the People's Republic
from Texas (Mr. WHITE) as a substitute I would welcome any support I can gen- of China. In other words, our President for the amendment offered by the gentle- erate. makes his own determination. Mr. FASCELL. In other words, the
man from Colorado (Mr. KRAMER). Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, will
The amendment offered as 'a substitute the gentleman yield? gentleman is trying by legislation to
for the amendment was agreed to. Mr. DERWINSKI. I yield to the gen- preclude that factor being considered by
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on tleman from Ohio. the President of the United States?
the amendment offered by the gentleman Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, let ^ 1535
from Colorado (Mr. KRAMER) , as me express my belief that the gentleman Mr. DERWINSKI. No. I am trying to
amended. '
The amendment, as
agreed to.
has come up with an excellent amend- preclude a situation where the People s
ment. Republic will attempt to exercise a veto.
We have heard so much about agree- Mr. FASCELL. The gentleman knows
ments, upsetting agreements, and nega- they do not have any veto. The Presi-
tive aspects of this bill that I think the dent decides after considering all
gentleman's words should be repeated factors.
because they are positive in mature. We Mr. DERWINSKI. They would have a
should not give the PRC a veto power. veto, if the alleged political or 'trade
The United States should be able to act leverage that they might have could be
independently if we are truly interested considered as such. ,
in the security of the Pacific area and The CHAIRMAN. The time of the
in Taiwan. I do not know how any Mem- gentleman from Illinois (Mr. DERWIN-
ber can vote against this amendment, sKI) has expired.
and I thank the gentleman for offering (On request of Mr. WOLFF and by
it. unanimous consent, Mr. DERWINSKI Was
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I allowed to proceed J or., 1 additional
am grateful for the support of the gen- minute.)
tleman from Ohio (Mr. ASHSROOK). Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, gentleman yield?
will the gentleman yield? Mr. DERWINSKI. I yield to the gen-
Mr. DERWINSKI. I yield to the gen- tleman from New York.
tleman from Michigan. ' Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, does the
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I, gentleman mean to infer that the Arms
too, think this is a very good amend- Export Control Act would not prevail in
ment. It is really what we want in order this case?
AMENDMENT OFFERED DY MR. DERWINSKI
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I
offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. DERwINSKI:
Page 3. immediately after line 18, insert the
following new subsection:
"(c) The President shall ensure that in de-
termining the number and kinds of defense
articles and defense services to be made
available to Taiwan, such determination
shall be made without regard to the views of
the People Republic of China with respect to
the provision of such articles or services. The
President and the Congress shall determine
the nature and quantity of such defense ar-
ticles and services based on the needs of
Taiwan and determined by the military au-
thorities of the people on Taiwan. Such de-
termination of Taiwan's defense needs shall
be reviewed by United States' military au-
thorities for forwarding with their recom-
mendation to the President and the
Congress."
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H 1186 C0kGP,2SSJ[ONAIL RECORID - HOUSIE March 8, 1979
.v r.,..rrc,vvuvanl. x4 o, no. announcement was made by the Depart- am sure Mr. DERWINSKI does not want
Mr. WOLF-P. It would prevail? ment of State that inadvertently infor- any doubt left as to the effect of that
Mr. DERWINSKI. Yes, it would. mation which should have been made sentence.
Mr. WOLFF. Then the amendment, available on December 15 was not. That The CHAIRMAN. The time of the
basically, could not be operative except information had to do with restrictions gentleman from Wisconsin has expired.
for portions of it, the portions of it with that the administration had agreed with (By unanimous consent Mr. ZABLOCKI
which I would agree. But certain por- the People's Republic as to delivery of was allowed to proceed for 3 additional
tions of it would not actually be opera- military supplies in- the pipeline for minutes.)
tive or could be operative. Taiwan. Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, as I
Mr. DERWINSKI. Would the gentle- So all I am saying now is that the stated earlier, the amendment would
man be specific? reality is that there has already been create a new mechanism for security
Mr. WOLFF. Yes. Let me read: interference by Peking authorities with assistance to Taiwan. The Arms Export
The President and the Congress shall arms shipments, defense arms destined Control Act provides specifically that
determine the nature and quantity of such for Taiwan. ' arms transfer policy is a foreign policy
defense articles and services based on the The facts of life are that, years down matter for which the Secretary of State
needs of Taiwan as determined by the mill- the road, they are going to try it again. has primary responsibility. The Presi-
tary authorities of the people on Taiwan. Insofar as I am concerned, this simple dent's
That is in contradistinction to the little amendment will policy of arms transfer c-
protect what I straint is also implemented under th-
e
Arms Export Control Act. know is the real intent.-of Congress. leadership of the Secretary of State.
Mr. DERWINSKI. That is an attempt Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, will the Excluding the civilian authorities on
to use the language of the bill, where gentleman yield? Taiwan and in the United States on
you keep referring to the people on Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to the gentle- arms transfer processes, as the amend-
Taiwan. man from New York. ment of the gentleman from Illinois
Mr. WOLFF. I am indicating that Mr. BINGHAM. I. thank the gentleman would provide, would deprive the Presi=
they would have the determination as to for yielding. dent and the Congress from relevant in-
this, and if it came to contradistinction Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Il- formation concerning proposed trans-
with the act, it would be different. linois (Mr. DERWINSKI) was so persuas- fers.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I rise ive that when I listened to him in the The bill as reported, as explained in
in opposition to the amendment. well I thought he had a reasonable the committee report, deals adequately
Mr. Chairman, I have carefully read amendment. But 'as I read the amend- with this subject. Therefore, Mr. Chair-
the amendment offered by the gentleman ment I am, frankly, astonished by it. It man, I hope the amendment is defeated.
from Illinois, and he provides in his includes the following sentence: Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, will
amendment "that in determining the The President and the Congress shall de- the gentleman yield?
number and kinds of defense articles termine the nature and quantity of such , Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to the gentle-
and defense services to be made avail- defense articles and services based on the man from Florida.
able to Taiwan, such determination shall needs of Taiwan as determined by the mill- Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, the
be made without regard to the views of tary authorities of the people on Taiwan. chairman's analysis is absolutely cor-
the People's Republic of China." ^ 1540 rect, in my judgment. This is a most
Nowhere in the bill, Mr. Chairman, do That is incredible. dangerous and mischievous amendment.
we imply, or in any way indicate, that Mr. DERWINSKI. No, it is not. It sets up by law a new decisionmaking
such views are to be our guidance in mak- Mr. BINGHAM. As the Chairman process within the executive. branch of
ing the determination. said, we do not do that- Government, and is doing it under the
However, the gentleman's amendment Mr. DERWINSKI. If the gentleman guise of trying to protect an ally. I am
goes on to state that the nature and will yield further- - not even sure that the Congress can in-
quantity of defense articles and services Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to the gentle- vade the Executive jurisdiction by law,
we supply shall be "as determined by the, man from New York. but it certainly raises a very, very ser-
military authorities of the people on Mr. BINGHAM. I believe the gentle- ious question for the President.
Taiwan." man from Wisconsin has yielded to me. Mr. ZABLOCKI. I thank the gentle-
I am amazed that the gentleman from . Mr. DERWINSKI. OK, fine. man from Florida for articulating my
Illinois would be presenting such an Mr. BINGHAM. All I want to say is views so adequately and so succinctly. It
amendment to the committee for consid- that the clear implication of that sen- would set up a new system, and I hope
eration. I am sure that the gentleman tence is that the judgment of the military the amendment is defeated.
from Illinois does not intend by his authorities of the people on Taiwan Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Chairman, I move
amendment to create a new mechanism would be conclusive. to strike the last word.
for security assistance, military assist- Mr. ZABLOCKI. It is mandatory. It is Mr. Chairman, I wonder if my friend
ance, and defense services for Taiwan, "shall", not "may". The gentleman from from Illinois (Mr. DERWINSKI) would be
on a basis far and beyond any other ally Illinois says, "shall". agreeable to an amendment to his
that we supply this military assistance Mr. DERWINSKI. If the gentleman words:
under the existing law. from New York would just adjust his bi-
Indeed, if the gentleman intended or focals and read the following sentence, of the people on by the military authorities
not, that is exactly what his amendment it says: people on Taiwan.
would do, Mr. Chairman. Determination of Taiwan defense needs That would then make the second-to-
Am I not correct on this interpreta- shall be reviewed by United States military the-last sentence read:
tion? I will yield to the gentleman to authorities for forwarding with their recom- The President and the Congress shall de-
answer that question. mendation to the President and the Con- termine the nature and quantity of such
Mr. DERWINSKI. The gentleman's gress' defense articles and services based on the
interpretation is not correct. It covers the President properly; ,it needs of Taiwan.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. It is not correct? covers the Congress. The Chairman, may I offer an amend-
Mr. DERWINSKI. Let me point out the Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Chairman, will ment to the amendment which strikes
fact that the gentleman is doing a great the gentleman yield to me? the words, "As determined by the mili-
job under adverse circumstances, and in Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to' the gentle- tary authorities of the people on
his zeal to help the administration in a man from Illinois. Taiwan," from the second-to-the-last
most difficult situation I believe the gen- Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. DERWINSKI, I sentence?
tleman is innocently reading more into think, is pointing to a quality of the last ?0 1545
my amendment than he finds there. sentence which, clearly contradicts the Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, will the
But let me point out that after the an- quality of the preceding sentence. If gentleman yield?
nouncement by the President of the both are allowed to stand in the amend- Mr. FINDLEY. I yield to the gentle-
change of recognition of China, some- ment, one would certainly put a cloud man from Florida.
time later, if the gentleman recalls, the over the effectiveness of the other. So, I Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, one of
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-1OUSIE 11,187
the problems left if the gentleman tries AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. FINDLEY AS A material that is necessary to the se-
to amend the amendment in that fashion SUBSTITUTE FOR THE AMENDMENT OFFERED BY curity interests of the United States.
MR.DERWINSKI These interests must be considered prior
is that we still leave the internal execu-
tive decisionmaking process with the Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Chairman, I offer to the interests of any other nation.
United States because the amendments an. amendment as a substitute for the Mr. FINDLEY. I agree with the
specifically excludes the other agencies amendment. gentleman.
of government. The Clerk read as follows: The CHAIRMAN. The question is on
Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Chairman,. if the Amendment offered by Mr. FINDLEY as a the amendment offered by the gentleman
gentleman will permit me, I recognize substitute for the amendment offered by from Illinois (Mr. FINDLEY) as a substi-
that there are other defects in the Mr. DERWINSKI: Page 3, immediately after tute for the amendment offered by the
line 18, insert the following new subsection: gentleman from Illinois (Mr. DER-
amendment. However, this would per- ..(c) The President shall ensure that in wINSKI).
tainly correct one of the problems. determining the number and kinds of de- The amendment offered as a substitute
The CHAIRMAN. If the gentleman fense articles and defense services to be made
will suspend, the Chair does not believe available to Taiwan, such determination shall for the amendment was agreed to.
that the debate currently is addressed to be made without regard to the views of the The CHAIRMAN. The question is on
pending amendments. Peoples Republic of China with respect to the amendment offered by the gentleman
Is the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. the provision of such articles or services. from Illinois (Mr. DERWINSKI), as
FINDLEY) offering an amendment to the The President and the Congress shall deter- amended.
mine the nature and quantity of such de- The amendment, as amended, was
amendment? fense articles and services based on the needs agreed to.
Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Chairman, I do not of Taiwan. Such determination of Taiwan's The CHAIRMAN. Are there other
have it in writing. Therefore, I will yield defense needs shall include review by United
back the balance of my time. States' military authorities for forwarding amendments to title I?
Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Chaaiman, I move with their recommendation to the President AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. KRAMER
to strike the requisite number of words, and the Congress." Mr. KRAMER. Mr. Chairman, I offer
and I rise in support of the amendment. Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Chairman, I have an amendment.
Mr. HYDE. Mr. Chairman, will the been informed by the gentleman from The Clerk read as follows:
gentleman yield? Illinois (Mr. DERwINSKI) that he has no Amendment offered by Mr. KRAMER: On
Mr. BAUMAN. I yield to the gentle- objection to this substitute language. page 3, line 15, strike all after the period
man from Illinois. It deals with the two points at issue. through line 18 and insert in lieu thereof
Mr. HYDE. Mr. Chairman, I thank First of all, it takes out the phrase "as tho following: the "The taitndl.n States V of
the gentleman for yielding. determined by the military authorities of the mutual defense treaty signed by the
I think it is important to note that the people on Taiwan." United States on December 2, 1954 and en-
not only did the administration agree It strikes that phrase completely. 'tered into force on March 3, 1955, to wit,
with the People's Republic of China to Then, the next sentence is changed to 'that an armed attack in the west Pacific
repudiate the Defense Treaty of 1954, state as follows: "Such determination of Area directed against' Taiwan 'would be dan-
but then it later came out that the ad- Taiwan's defense needs shall include re- gerous to its own peace and safety' and that
ministration agreed not to initiate any view by United States military author- the United States 'would act to meet the ...
new arms sales contracts with Taiwan ities," and so forth, thereby not exclud- danger in accordance with its constitutional
during the final terminal year of the ing other normal channels of review. processes.' In response to any other danger to
United States interest,
Treaty. Therefore, we effec- Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, will the President and the
tively did provide a veto. We acceded to Congress shall determine appropriate action
the gentleman yield? In accordance with constitutional processes.
their request not only to tear up the Mr. FINDLEY. I yield to the gentle- Mr. KRAMER. Mr. Chairman, I think,
treaty, but not to initiate any new sales man from Illinois.
contracts, so it is this veto authority Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, in what this than amendment restate does s is
what
which seems to be residing in Peking frankly, I am flattered that the gentle- really sum, our position nothing would more th in the ate of
which I think this amendment is ad- man from Illinois (Mr. FINDLEY) is try-
dressed to. Ing to help me by perfecting the amend- armed attack against Taiwan compared
Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Chairman, the ment. to that which it would have been had our
gentleman from Illinois (Mr. HYDE) is I accept his amendment in the con- Mutual Defense Treaty continued in ef-
precisely correct. That is why some structive spirit in which it was offered. fect after January 1 next. I believe this
language is necessary to reinforce the Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the amendment is necessary because despite
pious hope expressed in this section of gentleman yield? this bill, or this bill notwithstanding,
the bill that defense materials will be Mr. FINDLEY. I yield to the gentle- there is a great deal of uncertainty about
provided to Taiwan. That is all it is, man from New York. our defense commitments as a result of
and already the track record is as it has Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, I appre- the President's unilateral action to ter-
been described. ciate what the gentleman is trying to do. urinate our Mutual Defense Treaty with
The President not only sought to However, I would just like to ask one Taiwan. There have been doubts ex-
terminate the 1954 treaty, as the gentle- question: Which takes priority, the pressed by our allies separate and apart
man says, but he will not even live by needs of the people on Taiwan or the from Taiwan about the extent to which
its terms for the last year of its exist- needs of the people of the United States? the United States today is willing to con-
ence. Then he has the gall to come tinue to honor its defense obligations and
before the American public and say that Mr. FINDLEY. I am sure the percep- its commitments. There is overwhelming
that was a Red Chinese concession, that tion of Congress and of the President support among our own citizenry for
-he did not terminate the treaty im- would take into account the interests of continuing some of the obligations that
mediately, as the Chinese had wanted the United States as well as the weapons we agreed to in our Mutual Defense'
but waited a year as the treaty provided. needs of Taiwan. Treaty with Taiwan. For example, a poll
We have already seen, in those in- ^ 1550 conducted by Daniel Yankelovich earlier
stances, major interventions by the Red I certainly would want to clarify the this year indicated that a majority of
Chinese into the U.S. process of pro- legislative history with this amendment. Americans favor the continuation of our
viding defensive weapons to the free Mr. WOLFF. I just would refer back Mutual Defense Treaty with Taiwan by
Chinese. If the Red Chinese have made to the language: "The President and the a 57 percent to 12 percent margin. A
such demands once as part of the orig- Congress shall determine the nature and Harris survey released in September 1978
inal negotiation, undoubtedly they will quantity of such defense articles and revealed similar findings by a margin of
do it repeatedly in the future. services based on the needs of Taiwan." 64 percent to 19 percent, the American
We are being told that we do not need I do think we ought to clarify that the treaty wifavor continuing our defense
a law to guard against what is already needs of the United States come first.
happening. Obviously, we do need it. Mr. FINDLEY. Of course. In light of these facts, Mr. Chairman,
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the bal- Mr. WOLFF. One aspect of this is the I believe that it is imperative that the
ance of my time. shipment out of this country of defense position of the United States in terms of
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H 1188 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 8, 1979
the security and defense Interests of Tai-
wan be clarified. I think this amendment
does nothing more than do that. I would
point out that it does not In any way at-
tempt to readopt the " Mutual Defense
Treaty. All it does is clarify that the obli-
gations that the United States incurred
under the terms of that treaty to act In
the case of armed attack against Taiwan
continue after the treaty Is terminated
next January 1.
I do not see how we can do any less
today that we did 25 years ago in recog-
nizing the threat represented to our own
interests by an armed attack against Tai-
wan and declaring publicly our commit-
ment to take appropriate action in re-
sponse to such a threat. This amendment
does not commit us to take any specific
action. Rather, it simply puts forth
clearly the position of the United States
that a threat to the security of Taiwan
constitutes a threat to the peace and sta-
bility of the West Pacific Area and hence
to the interests of the United States.
By this clarification, it Is my intention
that the amendment would further pre-
serve the peace and stability of the area
by discouraging any potential aggressors
against Taiwan who might otherwise
suffer under an illusion that armed at-
tack against Taiwan would be of little
consequence to the United States. 1 hope
the Members of this body will support
this amendment.
p 1555
The CHAIRMAN. The Committee will
rise informally in order that the House
may receive a message.
Now, it does not define what form the a danger to the interests of the United
action could take. It does not say by States.
nonmilitary means or by all measures Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Chairman, will
short of war or any other such delimi- the gentleman from New York yield to
tation; so it must be assumed it leaves me?
open the possibility of a military re- Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Chairman, I am al-
sponse as a form of action to meet this ways happy to yield to my good friend
danger. from upstate.
In fact, I assume that is what the gen- Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Chairman, I
tleman means by putting it in the bill; so find it a little bit hard to understand
It raises this very fundamental question: some of the differences in language. The
Do we want to continue the defense obli- gentleman from Illinois (Mr. FINDLEY)
gation that the President seeks to terms- who spoke a moment ago said that the
nate by his decision of last December; amendment offered by the gentleman
that is, the termination of the defense from Colorado was dangerous because
obligation under the Mutual Defense it used the word "act".
Treaty.
In Yet on page 3 of the legislation we are
accordance with its constitutional process; now considering at line 17, the language'
But that is the very phrase that Is in
the defense treaty which is in the process
of termination.
Now, maybe other Members of this
body want to retain this defense obliga-
tion beyond next January 1. I, for one,
do not.
In fact, even in the absence of the
President's decision to normalize rela-
tions with Peking, I would have favored
terminating this defense obligation, be-
cause I have long felt it was outdated; It
was a relic of the past. It ought to have
been scrubbed from the statute books.
Mr. Chairman, I would hope my col-
leagues would join me in voting down
this amendment.
Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Chairman, I move to
strike the requisite number of words and
I rise in opposition to th
MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT a amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to asso-
NEDZI) assumed the chair.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The
Chair will receive a message.
MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT
A message in writing from the Presi-
dent of the United States was commu-
nicated to the House by Mr. Chirdon, one
of his secretaries.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The
Committee will resume its sitting.
UNITED STATES-TAIWAN RELA-
TIONS ACT
The Committee resumed its sitting.
Mr. FINDLEY. Mr Chairman, I move
to strike the requisite number of words
and I rise in opposition to the amend-
ment.
Mr. Chairman, this amendment goes
to a very fundamental point In the nor-
malization process. The Question It raises
is whether the United States should con-
tinue after January 1 of next year the
defense treaty obligation that is being
terminated as a result of the President's
decision of this past December.
The language that the gentleman from
Colorado (Mr. KRAMER) would insert in
the bill includes the very critical word
"act". In the event that any armed at-
tack directed the policy underathis amendment for the
United States to act to meet the danget.
is that in the event of an attack on Tai-
wan, "the President and the Congress
shall determine, in accordance with con-
stitutional processes, appropriate action
by the United States in response to any
such danger." And in fact the whip no-
tice uses the word, "act," rather than
"action."
What is the difference between this
kind of action and the kind of action re-
ferred to in the pending amendment? I
do not see any difference.
Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Chairman, I was not
the one who made the point about the
word, "action," to which the gentleman
just referred. But the fundamental dif-
ference between the word, "action, ' on
page 3 of the pending bill and the lan-
guage in the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Colorado (Mr. KRAMMER)
is that the language in the amendment
offered by the gentleman from Colorado
comes explicitly and clearly right out of
the text of the mutual defense treaty.
noes on this amendment. I think it is \1u is an effort,to insert into the language
very clear that if this amendment is of this legislation the mutual defense
adopted it would scuttle the entire policy treaty obligations which have been
terminated normalization. If we were to adopt treaty y by ethe Pursuant the terms of that
legislation with this amendment in it, by President.
to Ambassador Woodcock would be given _ t STRATTON. Mr. Chairman, a the
walking papers the day after news of genntl leman will yield further, thl Is
-
it arrived in Peking. exactly the language whic-n there
is in this leg-
There Is an old Brooklyn saying which instead ia of Maybe just an
"act." In o is other in words,
goes as follows: . In words, this If it looks like a duck, if it sounds like a on the blegislation
siso that If there is ne atHouse
tack
duck, if it walks like a duck, it is a duck. against Taiwan we have exactly the same
The gentleman from Colorado can rights and privileges under our constitu-
argue that we are not readopting the tional processes to take whatever action
Mutual Defense Treaty with the gentle- is necessary, and that is all that the
man's amendment. But the fact of the amendment offered by the gentleman
matter is that by taking the operative from Colorado (Mr. KRAMER) says, as I
paragraph of the Mutual Defense Treaty see it.
and putting It in the language of this So I do not see the difference. Whether
resolution, we are doing precisely that. the gentleman has borrowed the word
That is exactly how it would be inter- from the dictionary or from the previous
preted by Peking. It would be complete- treaty does not make any difference.
ly incompatible with the policy of Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Chairman, the Ian-
normalization. guage of the amendment specifically
Therefore, r think we ought to reject says-and I now quote-
the amendment and rely instead on what The United States hereby reafrms the
are the perfectly adequate assurances position taken in article v of the mutual
to Taiwan and the very strong signals defense treaty signed by the United States
we send to Peking in this legislation, on December a, 1964,
where we make it clear that any effort And
to resolve the problem of Taiwan by I would submit that it Is perfectly obvi-
force would be a matter of grave concern ous that if this amendment is adopted,
to the United States and where we make and this language is put in the bill,
It clear that any threat to the peace and thereby reaffirming obligations that
stability of the Western Pacific would be existed under the terms of the treaty, it
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March 8, .19.79 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE H 1189
will scuttle the policy of normalization
and it will obviously be unacceptable to
Peking. One of the conditions of the
policy of normalization was our termi-
nation of the defense treaty; and, if we
redo it now, we will have reneged on
our part of the bargain with the People's
Republic of China.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the
gentleman from New York (Mr. SOLARZ)
has expired.
(On request of Mr. STRATTON, and by
unanimous consent, Mr. SOLARZ was al-
lowed to proceed for 1 additional
minute.)
Mr. STRATTQN. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield further?
Mr. SOLARZ. I yield to the gentleman
from New York.
Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Chairman, in
other words, what the gentleman is really
objecting to is any reference to the treaty
itself; but as far as what we can do under
the terms of either this legislation or the
treaty, there seems to be no real differ-
ence. Is that not right?
Mr. SOLARZ. If the gentleman can
come up with language which does not
explicitly come from the text of the mu-
tual defense treaty and which itself is
not incompatible with normalization,
then I would be perfectly prepared to
accept it, but an explicit reference to the
mutual defense treaty in this- amend-
ment, which we would be reaffirming
through the adoption of the amendment,
would be completely incompatible with
normalization.
Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Chairman, if the
gentleman will yield once again., I think
we are at the guts of what is really in-
volved in this pending legislation. We are
really asserting here is the right to do
exactly what we would have done under
the former treaty; but we do not want
to mention the treaty because we have
already abrogated it. That is the only
basis, as I understand it, on which this
legislation is being accepted by the
House.
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, I move to
strike the requisite number of words.
Mr. Chairman, I would, like to con-
tinue the colloquy with the gentleman
from New York (Mr. STRATTON).
I believe that the point that is involved
here is that we have gone far beyond the
mutual defense treaty in this particular
bill because we consider not only an
armed attack as a threat to the security
but a boycott or an embargo, and, there-
fore, the language that is contained in
the bill goes beyond actually even the
mutual defense or security treaty.
The other fact involved here is that we
have enlarged upon the very basis of the
term, "Taiwan," itself and have included
economic acts against Taiwan as a threat
that we would make an act.
Now, on that basis, what is happening
here is the injection of the words, "Mu-
tual Defense Treaty," and the exact
language that has been in that treaty
does violence to the basic premise we are
trying to achieve here, and yet the
actions we are taking in order to meet
those threats are fully articulated within
the bill.
This language is totally unnecessary
inasmuch as it has already been outlined
very clearly in the bill to its fullest extent
and even goes beyond that.
^ 1605
Mr. STRATTON. If the gentleman will
yield, the gentleman said that he wanted
a "colloquy" with we.
Mr. WOLFF. Yes.
Mr. STRATTON. I have been listening
to the gentleman. I still cannot see how
the references that the gentleman has
made really have any application to the
issue we were discussing.
The opposition to the amendment, as
stated by the gentleman from Illinois
(Mr. FINDLEY), was that it was going to
get us into some kind of terrible military
action and, therefore, we should not put
it in.
The fact of the matter is still that the
wording of this legislation is almost iden-
tical to the terms of the former treaty.
And, in fact, the only way that you are
going to get the House to support this
legislation is if you convince the House
and the American people that if there is
an attack on Taiwan we can do under
this legislation whatever we would have
been able to do before. Considering the
mood of this Congress, if there had been
an attack on Taiwan 6 months ago we
probably would not have done anything
except issue a statement of some sort and
let it go at that.
But we do have our constitutional
processes and, under this language, we
could do exactly the same thing. ,
Mr. WOLFF. Would the gentleman
feel we would not go beyond what we
would have gone a year ago?
Mr. STRATTON. I am not sure. I think
the language that is being proposed is
exactly the same language, and so we can
do whatever we want to. To suggest that
somehow putting in the word "act" is
going to do terrible damage to our rela-
tionship is nonsense. Either we are going
to retain our military capabilities or we
are not.
Mr. WOLFF. The question is not the
word "act" or "action," because that ;
contained in the bill already. The point
that has been made in this amendment I-
that the United States reaffirm the Mu-
tual Defense Treaty. If we are going to
reaffirm it, we would not have termi-
nated the treaty.
Mr. STRATTON. That is what I said
to the gentleman from New York. The
only thing he is referring to is killing any
reference to the treaty. We want to kill
the treaty but we still want the same
capabilities to react that we had before.
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman,
I move to strike the requisite. number of
words.
Mr. KRAMER. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. LAGOMARSINO..I yield to the
gentleman from Colorado.
Mr. KRAMER. I thank the gentleman
for yielding.
Mr. Chairman, I think the arguments
we have heard here illustrate exactly
the reason for the necessity for this
amendment.
One gentleman from New York says
that this is going to impose on the United
States certain obligations to act that we
do not want to be responsible for, that
we do not want to live with.
I would suggest that if we do not want
to live with the realization that we have
to take some action or to act in the event
of an armed attack on Taiwan, what we
are dealing with here is a sham. The
bill before us, under those terms, has no
significance.
The other gentleman from New York
takes the contrary position. He says that
what we have done in the bill is to go
far beyond what we provided in the
Mutual Defense Treaty by reference to
economic matters, such as boycotts or
embargoes.
The question in my mind, and my
motivation for attempting to insert this
language, is that I am not exactly sure
what we are agreeing to do in this bill by
way of taking action, in light of any
future endangerment of Taiwan. I do
not think Taiwan will know, or the
people of this country will-know, or any-
one else will know, if we pass this bill as
it is presently structured.
I am suggesting that we pass this bill
not that we repass the Mutual Defense
Treaty. I am not asking to do that. I am
simply asking that we reaffirm to the
U.S. citizenry and to the people of the
world and the people of Taiwan that, in
case of an armed attack against Taiwan,
we are going to take the-same action in
accordance with our constitutional proc-
esses that we would have taken had that
treaty remained in effect. If we are not
willing to do that, I submit to the Mem-
bers that we are not willing to do any-
-thing at all.
^ 1610
Mr. WOLFF. In the first place, there
is nothing in this act that precludes the
President from taking whatever action
he deems necessary in line with the con-
stitutional process to react to any attack
that exists. That is point No. 1.
The second point I should like to ask
the author of the amendment is, does he
consider an attack upon Quemoy a
threat to the safety of the United States?
Mr. KRAMER. Yes, I do.
Mr. WOLFF. The gentleman goes far
beyond what the people of the United
States were willing to accept years ago.
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, I move to
strike the last word, and I rise in favor
of the amendment.
(Mr. KELLY asked and was given per-
mission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. KELLY. Mr. Chairman, I think
that at this time, in light of this amend-
ment, it is important to try and dispel]
anothed myth about this whole situa-
tion. By the action of the President, the
United States has no standing at the
present time to move in and out of Tai-
wan as they now do except by the grace
of the PRC. Somehow or another, the
predicate for all this discussion seems to
presuppose that we are at liberty to do
what we want to do with regard to Tai-
wan, just as we were before; but, that is
not the situation.
Unless we have the understanding that
the PRC can move -around Hawaii and
Alaska and New York Harbor with its
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H 1190 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
niat
the President of the United States did Mr. KELLY. The Shanghai communi- Hance
in his recognition process was recognize que provides that there is one China and Hansen
the PRC as the sole and legal govern- that Taiwan and mainland China are Harsha
ment of China. Now, what happens in part of it. Hinson
and about Taiwan at this juncture, by Mr. WOLFF. May I read to the gen- Holtenbeck
our own admission, by what our Govern- tleman what the Shanghai communique Hopkins
ment has established, is an internal says? Howard
matter of the People's Republic of China. Mr. KELLY. Will the gentleman read 1 ord
W
pearance'in e have no more right to make an ap- all of it? - Jefforas
Taiwan than we do to interfere ninrthe If I had thWOLFF. e The whole communique? Jenkins
ise
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. KELLY. I yield to the gentleman
from Michigan.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. I do not know
how the gentleman can draw that con-
clusion if he will read again the top of
page 3. Any armed attack against Tai-
wan, or by the use of boycott or embargo
to prevent Taiwan from engaging in
trade, and so forth, is a threat to the
peace and stability of the Western Pa-
cific: Really what this amendment is try-
March 8, 1979
Lungren Sebellus
McClory Sensenbrenner
McDonald Shelby
Marlenee Shumway
Marriott Shuster
Martin Smith, Nebr.
Mattox Snyder
Miller, Ohio Solomon
Montgomery Spence
Moore Stangeland
Moorhead, Stenholm
Calif. Stump
Motti Symms
Myers. Ind.' Taylor
Nelson
as
Mr. KELLY. Just the appropriate part. K
emp Nichols T
rib e
Mr. WOLFF. Let me read the pertinent Kindness Oakar Vander Jagt
area with respect to the U.S. position. Kramer Quayle Walker
Lagomarsino Quillen Watkins
Mr. KELLY. No. If the gentleman is Leach, La. Rhodes White
going to refer to the Shanghai communi- Leath, Tex. Rinaldo Whittaker
que, then let us have the language of LLent. Ritter evitas Robinson Whitten
Bob
that; not what the gentleman's unilat- Lewis Roth
Wilson, C. H.
eral interpretation of it is. Livingston Rudd Wyatt
Mr. WOLFF. I am not. I am giving the Lloyd Runnels Wydler
gentleman the language. Loeffler Santini Wylie
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen- Long, ' Md. Sawyereld efer tti~a
tleman from Florida (Mr. KELLY) has Lujan - Schulze
expired. NOES-221
The question is on the amendment Addabbo Ferraro Miller, Calif.
offered by the gentleman from Colorado Akaka Findley Mineta
(Mr. KRAMER)
Albosta Fi
h
.
s
Minish
of the bilateral Mutual Defense Treaty Mr. KRAMER. Mr. Chairman, I de- Alexander Fisher Mitchell, Md.
we had prior to the normalization, mand a recorded vote, and pending that, Anderson, Florion Moffetty
Mr. KELLY. If I can regain my time I make the point of order that a quorum Calif. Foley Mollohan
back, the significant language in the is not present. Andrews, N.C. Ford, Mich. Moorhead, Pa.
amendment is this, that they would act The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will Annunzio Ford, Tenn. Murphy, Ill.
Anthony Forsythe Murphy,
to meet the danger in accordance with count. Eighty-six Members are present, Ashley Fountain Murphy, Pa.
Pa.
the constitutional process. I think the not a quorum. Aspin Fowler Murtha
point is that because our President has, The Chair announces that pursuant to Atkinson Frenzel . Myers, Pa.
Bailey Frost Natcher
on behalf of this Nation
reco
clause 2
r
nized th
l
XX
,
g
,
u
e
e
III, he will vacate pro- Baldus Garcia Neal
sovereignty of Communist China over ceedings under the call when a quorum Barnes Gaydos Nedzi
Taiwan, if we do anything with regard to of the Committee appears. Bedell Gephardt Nolan
Taiwan it will be an act of war against Members will record their presence by - Benj m n Gibbboons Nowak
China, and we should follow a constitu- electronic device. Bennett Glickman O'Brien
Oberstar
tional process. I think it is important The call was taken by electronic de- Bevill Gonzalez Ottinger
that this language be in the bill. vice. Bingham Gore Panetta
Blanchard Gray Patten
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the ^ 1620 Boggs Green Paul
gentleman yield?. QUORUM CALL VACATED Boland Guarini Perkins
Mr. KELLY. I yield to the gentleman The CHAIRMAN. One hundred Mem- Bonior HOudger
all, Ohio Pickle
from New York. bers have appeared. A quorum of the Booker Hamilton Preyer
Mr. WOLFF. The gentleman is making Committee of the Whole is present. Pur- Brad mas Hanley Pritchard
a statement regarding the President's suant to rule XXIII, clause 2, further Brodhead Harris Rangel
action of establishing the sovereignty of proceedings under the call shall be con- Brooks Hawkins Ratchford
the People's Republic of China over Tai- sidered as vacated. Broomfield Heckler Reguls,
Burlison
Hefner Reuss
wan. Never has the President said this. The Committee will resume its busi
-
Never in any communication that has Hess. Burton, John Heftel Richmond
Burton, Phillip Hightower Roberts
been issued, or communique that has RECORDED VOTE Byron Holtzman Rodino
been issued, have we acknowledged what The CHAIRMAN. The Carr Hubbard Roe
pending the Chinese have said. We have not ac- ? ness before the Committee is the demand Carter JaHu Rosenthal
cobss Rostenkowski.
cepted that as our own principle. I do by the gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Chisholm Jenrette Russo
not think the legislative history should KRAMER) for a recorded vote. Coelho Johnson, Calif. Sabo
show that we have ever accepted that. A recorded vote was ordered. Contes'Bl Johnson, Oklcalo Sha nong-
Mr. KELLY. I do not think it makes The vote was taken by electronic de- Conyers Jones, Tenn. Simon
any difference what the legislative his- vice, and there were-ayes 149, noes 221, Cotter Kastenmeier Skelton
tory shows. I think the fact that I re- not voting 62, as follows: D'Amours KKazen Black
ildee Smith, Iowa
ferred to is established, and anything we Danielson Kogovsek Solarz
say is not going to change that. The [Roll No. 261 - Daschle Kostmayer Spellman
President of the United States has rec- AYES-149 Davis, S.C. Latta St Germain
ognized the People's Republic of China Abdnor Carney Dornan Dicks Derrick Lede Ledere Iowa Stack
as the sole and le al Applegate Chappell Dougherty Lehman Stanton
g government Of Archer Cheney Duncan, Tenn. Dixon Lehman Stanton
China, which Includes Taiwan. The Ashbrook Clausen Edwards, Okla. Dixon Long, Stark
Shanghai communique established that English Donnelly Donong, La. Steed
Badham Clay - nLowry Stewart
that was the situation, and the President Bafalis Cleveland Erdahl Downey Luken Stratton
reversed the role of the parties. As far Barnard Coleman Evans, Drinan
uca McCormac Sy ar
as we stand here right now, we'have no Beard, R.I. Collins, Tex. Gingrich Early Duncan, Oreg. Mc McCormack Tauk
ereur Ginn
McHugh Thompson
ater Ec
co
commitment and situation developed by Biaggi Crane, Daniel Goodling Edgar Maguire
Ullman
the United States. Bouquard Daniel, Dan Gradison
Erlenborn aguire Venik
nto
Mr. WOLFF. Would the Brinkley Daniel, R. W. Gramm Markey V Volkmer
gentleman Brown, Ohio Dannemeyer Grassley Ertel Marks
Walgren
point out to me in either the Shanghai Broyhill Davis, Mich. Grisham Evans, Ind. Matsui Walgren
communique or in the subsequent corn- Buchanan Deckard Guyer Fary Mavroules ' Wampler
AR Butler unique that was issued by the Presi- Burgener nerwinski, Hagedorn Fascell Mazzola Waxman
dent where those facts are borne out? Campbell Dickinson Hall, Tex. Fazio Mikulski Weaver
Fenwick Mikva ?Whltehurst
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RIECORD-HIOUSIE H1191
Whitley
Wolpe, Mich.
Yatron
Wilson, Tex.
Wright
Young, Mo.
Wolff, N.Y.
Yates
Zablocki
NOT VOTING-82
Anderson, Ill.
Holland
Rahall
Andrews,
Horton
Railsback
N. Dak.
Huckaby
Rose
AuCoin
Hutto
Rousselot
Beard, Tenn.
Ireland
Roybal
Bolling
Jones, N.C.
Schauer
Breaux
LaFalce
Schroeder
Brown, Calif.
Lee
Sharp
Conable
Lundine
Stockman
Gorman
McDade
Stokes
Crane, Philip
McKinney
Swift
de is Garza
Madigan
Traxler
Dellums
Mica
Treen
Dingell
Michel
Udall
Edwards, Ala.
Mitchell, N.Y.
Van Deerlin
Edwards, Calif. Obey
Weiss
Evans, Ga.
Pashayan
Williams, Mont.
Flippo
Patterson
Williams, Ohio
Flood
Pease
Winn
Fuqua
Pepper
Wirth
Hillis
Pursell
Young, Alaska
^ 1640
The Clerk announced the following
pairs :
On this vote:
Mr. Breaux for, with Mr. LaFalce against.
Mr. Beard of Tennessee for, with Mr.
Corman against.
Mr. Young of Alaska for, with Mr. Fuqua
against.
Mr. Rousselot for, with Mr. Mica against.
Mr. Philip M. Crane for, with Mr. Rahall
against.
Mr. COELHO and Mrs. BYRON
changed their vote from "aye" to "no".
Messrs. HOPKINS, SNYDER, and
NELSON changed their vote from "no"
to "aye".
So the amendment was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced
as above recorded.
^ 1645
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I
move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, during the rollcall
several Members inquired whether it is
the intention to complete this bill today.
I advised them, as the Speaker at his
press conference advised the press, that
it was the intention of the leadership
that the House complete this legislation
today. The majority leader in a colloquy
with the minority leader as to the calen-
dar for next week and the business of
today had advised the minority leader
that we intend to finish it today.
Mr. Chairman, I again announce that
it is our intention to finish this bill
today. It is my understanding that we
have one more amendment to title I, and
several amendments to title II. There
are no more than two or three major
amendments, however, which could be
controversial.
? Mr. Chairman, I would urge our col-
leagues to remain on the floor, and I
am positive that we can finish this bill
in time for those Members who have
plane reservations to make them.
The CHAIRMAN. Are there other
amendments to title I?
AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. LAGOMARSINO
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman,'
I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. LAGOMARSINO:
Page 3, at the end of. line 18, insert the fol-
lowing sentence: "Among the responses to
be considered to such a danger should be all
appropriate actions, including the possibility
of withdrawing United States diplomatic
recognition of the People's Republic of
'China.".
(Mr. LAGOMARSINO asked and was
given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman, I
will try to be brief. I think we can handle
this amendment expeditiously.
Mr. Chairman, this amendment would
require the President to consider the
possibility of withdrawing U.S. recogni-
tion from the People's Republic of China
if it threatens Taiwan's security.
The report of the committee makes it
very apparent and very clear that at the
very least the United States should seri-
ously consider withdrawing recognition
of the PRC if that should occur.
^ 1650
The real effect of the amendment
would be to emphasize that recognition
is not necessarily permanent. It would
indicate to the PRC that our recognition
is dependent upon the good behavior of
the Peking government. I think the re-
cent international adventures of that
government alone should be enough jus-
tification for approval of this amend-
ment. President Carter says that, at
least in part, his decision to recognize
the PRC was based on his understand-
ing that the PRC would not attack Tai-
wan and would not use force to liberate
Taiwan. Peking should be aware that
the reverse could be true also, that is,
that there could be derecognition should
they breach the faith that the President
has in them, rightly or wrongly.
I would like to stress also that the
amendment only lists derecognition as
an alternative for the President. It does
not require him to take that action and
it does not preclude him from taking
stronger steps if he so wishes. It simply
is a statement of congressional concern
that our recognition be based on the be-
havior of the PRC. I think they are
symmetrical. As I say, the agreement or
the decision to recognize the PRC was
based at least in part on the President's
understanding that they would not use
force to liberate Taiwan. I think the re-
verse should be considered.
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. I yield to the
gentleman from New York.
Mr. WOLFF. I thank the gentleman
for yielding.
I think the gentleman is well-inten-
tioned certainly with his 'amendment,
but does the gentleman really want that
sort of response as the prime response?
That we put in the bill that as the result
of an attack upon Taiwan, we would
withdraw recognition of the People's Re-
public of China?
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. I think that
ought to be one of the things that is in
the bill, yes.
Mr. WOLFF. But I do believe that the
gentleman is centering attention on
what perhaps could be the least desirable
action.
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. I would find it
highly unlikely that this administration
would take that action in any event, so
I do not think that it would really hurt
anything to have it in the bill. I think
it is well worth stating.
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the re-
mainder of my time.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I rise
in opposition to the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, although in my expla-
nation of the provisions of the bill in the
debate, I would say that if the People's
Republic of China were to use force to
attack Taiwan, or use force in an em-
bargo to stop Taiwan's trade, the very
least that we should do in response-
and it should be an adequate response-
should be the consideration of severing
diplomatic relations with the PRC.
Mr. Chairman, we discussed it, and the
gentleman from California discussed it,
in committee, and the gentleman from
California proposed the amendment
when we were in the markup stage. The
amendment was defeated on the basis
that we did not want to single that out
as the only or the priority response. We
would prefer to have in this particular
part of the bill no mention of the pro-
posal for the discontinuing or severing
of diplomatic relations with the PRC as
a response. We do mention on page 6 of
our report that this should be considered
as one of the options, but I hope that
the amendment will be defeated because
I do think it would be counterproductive
for the purposes that the gentleman
from California (Mr. LAGOMARSINO) in-
tends it to be.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to my col-
league, the ranking minority member,
the gentleman from Michigan (Mr.
BROOMFIELD), who has been helpful and
so cooperative in preparing this legisla-
tion and bringing it to the stage of per-
fection it is so that we can now have it
for consideration before the committee.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I
reluctantly also rise in opposition to the
amendment offered by my friend, the
gentleman from California. I think that
there is a question, a serious constitu-
tional question, regarding this proposed
amendment. The granting or withdraw-
ing of recognition of a foreign govern-
ment is a prerogative of the President of
the United States as head of state and
certainly does not fall in the realm of
the Congress.
^ 1655
So, therefore, I would urge the Mem-
bers to oppose this amendment.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I yield
back the balance of my time and call
for a "no" vote.
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I
move to strike the requisite number of
words and I rise in support of the amend-
ment.
Mr. Chairman, may I point out to the
Members that they really should take a
good look at this. Let me read just the
opening phrase:
Among the responses to be considered.
The gentleman from California is not
mandating anything. The gentleman is o.
not tying the President's hands. The gen-
tleman is merely Indicating that one of
the practical responses that might be
considered is the withdrawal of U.S.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 8, 1979
diplomatic recognition of the People's Erdahl
Republic if they wage aggression against Evans, Del.
Fish
Taiwan
.
Now, let me Fountain
point out, and this is Frost
where I would like to forget the politics Gibbons
ilman
of the day and point out something that GGingrich.
might intrigue those Members who are Glickman
historians. Members will appreciate the Goldwater
fact that both Chinas claim they are the Goodling
one China; the People's Republic claims Grammn
Taiwan is a province; the Republic of Grassley
China claims they are the legitimate gov- Grisham
Gudge
ernment for all the mainland; so if they G
uyerr
attack each other, it is a civil war. Hagedorn
In our own civil war, we caused great Hall, Tex.
diplomatic problems in the countries H clue dt
of Europe who were torn between the Hance -
legal status of the Union and their need Hansen
for Confederate cotton. Heckle
I think we could all agree that our Hollenbeck
Chief Executive, whether it is the present Holt
beloved Chief, Executive or someone less Hopkins
exalted who might follow down the road, Jacobs
should be guided by the Congress. Jeffries
All we are saying in this case is that Jenkins
whoever the Chief Executive is at the Kiiy, Okla.
time, one of the responses to be con- Kemp
sidered might be the possibility of with- Kindness
drawing recognition. I think this is a tool Kramer
a President could use. He could use this Laatttoamarsino
as a weapon to convince the authorities Leach, Iowa
in Peking not to invade their lost
province. Addabbo
Mr. Chairman, I think this is a positive Akaka
amendment. I think it ought to be ac- Albosta
cepted. I think in the long run it would Alexander
be welcomed by the executive branch. Anderson,
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman, Andrews, N.C.
will the gentleman yield? Annunzio
y
Mr. DERWINSKI. I yield to the gentle- Ashley
man from California. Aspin
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman, Atkinson
AuCotn
iley
I thank the gentleman for Ba
yielding. Bailey ,
I think the gentleman said it very Baldus
well. This-does not mandate the Presi- Barnes
dent to do anything. It provides an al- Bedell
Beilenson
ternative for him to consider. It is what Bennett
PRC. I think it makes a lot of sense. It
is symmetrical. I would hope the Com-
mittee would adopt it.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on
the amendment offered by the gentleman
from California (Mr. LAGOMARSINO).
The question was taken; and the
Chairman announced that the noes ap-
peared to have it.
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman,
I demand a recorded vote. I
A recorded vote was ordered.
The vote was taken by electronic de-
vice, and there were-ayes 169, noes 197,
not voting 66, as follows:
[Roll No. 271
AYES-169
Abdnor Buchanan Courier
Ambro Burgener Crane, Daniel
Applegate Butler D'Amours
Archer Byron Daniel, Dan
Ashbrook Campbell Daniel, R. W.
Badham Carney Dannemeyer
Bafalis Carter Davis, Mich.
Barnard Chappell Deckard
Bauman Cheney Derwineki
Beard, R.I. Clausen Devine
Benjamin Cleveland Dickinson
Bereuter Clinger Dornan qBethune Coleman Dougherty
Bouquard Collins, Tex. Duncan, Tenn.
Brinkley Conte Edwards, Okla.
Brown, Ohio Corcoran Emery
Broyhill Coughlin English
Leach, La.
Leath, Tex.
Lent
Lewis
Livingston
Loeffler
Long, La.
Long, Md.
Lott
Lujan
Lungren
McClory
McDonald
,McEwen
McKay
Marlenee
Marriott
Runnels
Santini
Satterfield
Sawyer
Schulze
Sebelius
Sensenbrenner
Shelby
Shumway
Shuster
Smith, Nebr.
Snows
Snyder
Solomon
Spence
Stangeland
Stanton
Martin Stenholm
Mathis Stockman
Miller, Ohio Stump
Montgomery Symms
Moore Synar
Moorhead, Tauke
Calif. Taylor
Mottl Thomas
Murphy, Pa.
Myers, Ind.
Nelson
Nowak
O'Brien
Paul
Pickle
Quayle
Quillen
Regula
Rinaldo
Ritter
Robinson
Roth
Trible
Vander Jagt
Vento
Walker
Wampler
Watkins
White
Whittaker
Whitten
Wilson, Bob
Wyatt
Wydler
Wylie
Young, Fla
Rudd Zeferetti
NOES-197
Findley
Fisher
Fithian
Florio
Foley
Ford, Mich.
Ford, Tenn.
Forsythe
Fowler
Frenzel
Garcia
Gaydos
Gephardt
Ginn
Gonzalez
Gore
Gray
Green
Guarini
Hall, Ohio
Biaggi Hamilton
Bingham Hanley
Blanchard Harkin
Boggs Harris
Boland Hawkins
Boner Hefner
Bonior Heftel
Bonker Hightower
Bowen Hinson
Brademas Holtzman
Brodhead Howard
Brooks Hubbard
Matsu
Burlison Ichord Roberts
Burton, Phillip Jenrette Rodin
Carr Johnson, Calif. Roe
Cavanaugh Johnson, Colo. Rosenthal
Coelho Jones, Tenn. Rostenkowski
Collins, Ill. Kastenmeier Russo
Conyers Kazen Sabo
Cotter Kildee Seiberling
D
anielson Kogovsek
Daschle Kostmayer
Davis, S.C. Lederer
Derrick Lehman
Dixon Leland
Dodd Levitas
Donnelly Lloyd
Downey Lowry
Drinan Luken
Duncan, Oreg. McCloskey
Early McCormack
Eckhardt McHugh
Edgar Maguire
Erlenborn Markey
Ertel Marks
Evans, Ind.
Fary
Fascell
Fazio
Fenwick
Ferraro
Miller, Calif.
Mineta
Minish
Mitchell, Md.
Moakley
Moffett
Mollohan
Moorhead, Pa.
Murphy, Ill.
Murphy, N.Y.
Murtha
Myers, Pa.
Natcher
Neal
Nedzi
Nichols
Nolan
Oakar
Oberstar
Ottinger
Panetta
Patten
Pease
Perkins
Peyser
Preyer
Price
Pritchard
Rangel
Ratchford
Reuss
Rhodes
Richmond
Shannon
Sharp
Simon
Skelton
Slack
Smith, Iowa
SolGari
St ermain
Stack
Staggers
Stark
Steed
Stewart
Stratton
Studds
Swift
Mattox Thompson
Mavroules Ullman
Mazzola Vanik
Mikulski Volkmer
Mikva Walgren
Waxman
Wirth
Yates
Weaver
Wolff, N.Y.
Yatron
Whitehurst
Wolpe, Mich.
Young
MO
Whitley
Wright
,
.
Zablocki
Anderson, Ill.
Fuqua
Pursell
Andrews,
Giaimo
Rahall
N. Dak.
Hillis
Railsback
Beard, Tenn.
Holland
Rose
Bolling
Horton
Rousselot
Breaux
Huckaby
Roybal
Brown, Calif.
Hutto
Scheuer
Burton, John
Ireland
Schroeder
Chisholm
effords
Spellman
Clay
J
ones, N.C.
Stokes
Conable
LaFalce
Traxler
Cormn
Lee
Treen
Crane, Philip
Lundine
Udall
de is Garza
'McDade
Van Deerlin
Dellums
McKinney
Weiss
Dicks
Madigan
Williams, Mont.
Diggs
Mica
Williams
Ohio
Dingell
Michel
,
Wilson, C. H.
Edwards, Ala.
Mitchell, N.Y.
Wilson, Tex.
Edwards, Calif.
Obey
Winn
Evans, Ga.
Pashayan
Young, Alaska
Flippo
Patterson
Flood
Pepper
^ 1710
The Clerk announced
pairs :
On this vote:
Mr. Young of Alaska for, with Mr. Pursell
against.
Mr. Philip M. Crane for, with Mr. Flood
against.
Mr. McDade for, with Mr. Rose against.
Mr. Mitchell of New York for, with Mr.
Ireland against.
Mr. Rousselot for, with Mr. Weiss against.,
Mr. Conable for, with Mr. Pepper against.
Mr. Beard of Tennessee for, with Mr. Fuqua
against.
Mr. Breaux for, with Mr. LaFalce against.
Mr. JONES of Oklahoma and Mr.
CONTE changed their vote from "no" to
"aye."
Mr. YATES changed his vote from
"aye" to "no."
So the amendment was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced
as above recorded.
^ 1715
The CHAIRMAN. Are there other
amendments to title I? If not, the Clerk
will read title II.
The Clerk read as follows:
TITLE II-MAINTENANCE OF COMMER-
CIAL AND OTHER RELATIONS
APPLICATION OF UNITED STATES LAWS TO
TAIWAN
SEC. 201. (a) No requirement, whether ex-
pressed or implied, under the laws of the
United States with respect to maintenance
of diplomatic relations or to recognition of
a government shall apply with respect to
Taiwan.
(b) (1) The absence of such relations and
such recognition shall not affect the applica-
tion of the laws of the United States with
respect to Taiwan, and the laws of the
United States (including laws relating to
rights, obligations, standing to sue and be
sued, legal capacity, or eligibility to par-
ticipate in programs and other activities
under the laws of the United States) shall
apply with respect to Taiwan in the manner
that the laws of the United States applied
with respect to Taiwan prior to January 1,
1979.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this
subsection, for- purposes of the Act of
June 27, 1952, Taiwan may be treated in the
manner specified in the first sentence of sec-
tion 202(b) of that Act.
(3) Pursuant to paragraph. (1) of this
subsection, interests in property, tangible or
intangible, acquired by the Republic of
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE III 1193
China prior to January 1, 1979, shall not be continuously employed by the designated Includes any statutes; rule, regulation, ordi-
affected in any way by United States recogni- entity with no break In continuity of serv- nance, order, or judicial rule of decision of
tion of the People's Republic, of China. ice, continue to participate in any benefit the United States or any political subdi-
(c) All treaties and other international program in which such officer or employee vision thereof; and
term Includes, as the
agreement which were in force between the was participating prior to employment by (2) "Taiwan"
United States and the Republic of China on the designated entity, including programs context may require, the islands of Taiwan
December 31, 1978, shall continue in force for compensation for job-related death, in- and the corporations ores, the and iother nhabitantentitiess of those
and
between the United States and Taiwan unless jury, or illness; programs for health and life aislands, ssociations created or drgahzed under La
terminated in accordance with their terms or insurance; programs for annual, sick, and s a lied on those organs d and the the
au-
otherwise in accordance with the laws of the other statutory leave; and programs for re- laws apt exercising those Isnmds, governmental control
United States. tirement under any system established by tho MAINTENANCE OF RELATIONS law or regulation, except that such employ- those islands (including agencies and instru-
ment shall be the basis for participation in mentalities thereof).
202. SEC. (a) Except as the President may such programs only to the extent that em- IMPLEMENTING REGULATIONS
otherwise se provide- ployee deductions and employer contribu- SEC. 208. The President may prescribe such
(1) dealings a the United conducted by or or Pons, as required, in payment for such par- regulations as he deems necessary to carry
through menu with such anoed shall be nongovernmental entity tity as the ticspation for the period of employment with out this Act.
as
President, after consultation al en with Taiwan, the designated entity, are currently deposited EFFECTIVE DATE
may designate (hereafter in this Act referred in the program's or system's fund or deposi- SEC. 207. This Act shall be effective as of
tory. Death or retirement of any such officer January
1, 1979.
to as the "designated a entity"); or employee during approved service with
conducted the or United the designated entity and prior to reemploy- Mr. ZABLOCKI (during the reading).
States Go (2) dealings ofvernment shall Taiwan be with
through thgh such instrumentality established d by menu or reinstatement shall be considered a Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent
Taiwan as the President and Taiwan agree death in service or retirement from Govern- that title II be considered as read,
is the instrumentality which is appropriate ment service for purposes of any employee or printed in the RECORD, and open to
for such dealings and which has the neces- survivor benefits acquired by reason of sere amendment at any point.
sary authority under the laws of Taiwan to ice with an agency of the United States Gov- there objection t0
provide assurances and take other actions on ernment. The the request of the CHAIRMAN. Is
gentleman from Wit
behalf of Taiwan with respect to the United (4) Any employee of an agency of the
States Government. - United State Government who entered into conSin?
(b) (1) The laws of the United States service with the designated entity on ap- Mr. BAUMAN. Reserving the right to
which apply with respect to agencies of the proved leave of absence without pay prior to object, how many
Chairman, could the C ir-
United States Government shall, to the ex- the enactment of this Act shall receive the man
tent the President may specify, apply with benefits of this section for the period of the desk?
The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state
respect to the designated entity as if the such service.
in T f- that there are 11 amendments at the
nelStates
designated entity were an agency of the (b) Any agency ent employingfal enUnited
United States Government. ernm desk.
(2) Any agency of the United States Gov- wan may transfer such personnel, with ac- BAUMAN. There are 11 amend-
ernment may sell, loan, or lease property (in- crued allowances, benefits, and rights, to the Mr. eluding interests therein) to, and perform designated entity without a break in service meets at the desk, and the chairman of
administrative and technical support func- for purposes of retirement and other benefits, the committee has characterized at least
Lions and services for the operations of, the including continued participation in any Sys- 3 of those as major. Yet, he has said on
designated entity upon such terms and con- tem established by law or regulation for the several occasions that he expects to fin-
ditions as the President may direct. Reim- retirement of employees in which the alien ish the bill tonight. I would hope that
rior to the transfer to the
ti
ti
i
pa
ng p
c
bursements to agencies under this para- was par
graph shall be credited to the current ap- designated entity, except that employment
plicable appropriation of the agency con- with oretirement purposes only to the extent
cerned.
ctions and employer con-
d
d
l
e
u
oyee
(3) Any agency of the United States Gov- that emp
ernment may acquire and accept services tributions, as required, in payment for such
from the designated entity upon such terms participation for the. period of employment
and conditions as the President may direct, with the designated ontity, are currently de-
without regard to the laws and regulations posited in the system's fund or depository.
normally applicable to the acquisition of (c) Employees of the dlgnated entity
services by such agency. shall not be employees of the United States
(c) Upon the granting by Taiwan of com-a and, in representing the designated entity,
parable privileges and immunities with re- shall be exempt from section 207 of title 18,
spect to the designated entity and its person- United States Code.
nel, the President is authorized to extend (d) The salaries and allowances paid, to
with respect to the Taiwan Instrumentality employees of the designated entity shall be
described in paragraph (2) of subsection treated in the same way for tax purposes
(a), and its personnel, such privileges and under the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 as
Immunities (subject to appropriate Bondi- salaries and equivalent allowances paid by
tions and obligations) as may be necessary agencies of the United States Government.
for the effective performance of their func- SERVICES TO UNITED STATES CITIZENS IN TAIWAN
tions.
SEPARATION OF GOVERNMENT PERSONNEL FOR
EMPLOYMENT WITH THE DESIGNATED ENTITY
SEC. 203. (a) (1) Under such terms and
conditions as the President may direct, any
agency of the United States Government
may separate from Government service for
a specified period any officer or employee of
that agency who accepts employment with
the designated entity.
(2) An officer or employee separated by an
agency under paragraph (1) of this subsec-
tion for employment with the designated
entity shall be entitled upon termination of
such employment to reemployment or rein-
statement with such agency (or a successor
agency) in an appropriate position with the
attendant rights, privileges, and benefits
which the officer or employee would have had
or acquired had he or she not been so sepa-
rated, subject to such time period and other
conditions as the President may prescribe.
(3) An officer or employee entitled to re-
employment or reinstatement rights under
paragraph (2) of this subsection shall, while
authorize any of its employees in Taiwan-
(1) to administer to or take from any per-
son an oath, affirmation, affidavit, or deposi-
tion, and to perform any notarial act which
any notary public is required or authorized
by law to perform within the United States;
(2) to act as provisional conservator of
the personal estates of deceased United
States citizens; and
(3) to assist and protect the interests of
United States persons by performing other
acts authorized to be performed outside the
United States for consular purposes by such
laws of the United States as the President
may specify.
(b) Acts performed by authorized employ-
ees of the designated entity under this sec-
tion shall be valid, and of like force and
effect within the United States, as if per-
formed by any other person authorized to
perform such acts.
DEFINITIONS
SEC. 205. For purposes of this Act-
(1) the term "laws of the United States"
strict debate on a matter of. this
importance. .
As a matter of fact, Mr_ Chairman, we
have done very little all week. This bill
was scheduled for Thursday, at a time
when it is most inopportune for most
Members who plan to leave on Thursday.
It easily could have been considered yes-
terday or on Tuesday or Monday.
However, if I could get some assur-
ances about not cutting off debate, I cer-
tainly would not object to the reading.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. BAUMAN. Yes, I yield to the dis-
tinguished gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, the
gentleman from Maryland (Mr. BAU-
MAN) knows that the gentleman from
Wisconsin is interested in saving time.
For that reason and that reason alone I
asked that this title be considered as
read and open to amendment at any
point.
Certainly the gentleman knows that
the pattern I follow and my policy, as
demonstrated today, is not to cut time
at all. PressurE was put upon the gentle-
man from Wisconsin by other Members
because they want to go home tonight.
Mr. BAUMAN. Precisely. If it was only
the gentleman from Wisconsin of whom
I had to ask this question, I would not
worry so much about it; but I do think
this issue is too important for us to jam
it through at the end of this week's
consideration.
Again, if we have this many amend-
ments. I would like some assurance that
we will debate them fully without cut-
ting off the time.
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H 1194 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE March 8, 1979
Monday, by the way.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. If the gentleman will
yield further, I might say that we have
been on this bill for 6 hours. We have
not jammed any part of the bill down
the throats of anybody. We have fully
tried to explan it and have given ample
opportunity for debate, ample oppor-
tunity for Members to debate amend-
ments
It is my understanding, Mr. Chair-
man-and I may be in error-that the
two major controversial amendments are
at the end of the bill.
Mr. BAUMAN. Will there be any
attempt to, cut off debate?
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I will be reasonable
about it. I do not intend to cut off debate
unreasonably.
Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Chairman, I object.
The CHAIRMAN. Objection is heard.
The Clerk will continue the reading of
title II.
(The Clerk continued the reading of
title II.)
^ 1720
Mr. ZABLOCKI (during the reading).
Mr. Chairman, on consultation with the
gentleman from Maryland (Mr. BAT-
MAN), my good friend and an amicable
Member of this body, I renew the unani-
mous-consent request that the title be
considered as read, printed in the REC-
ORD, and open to amendment at any
point.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Wisconsin?
Mr. BAUMAN. Reserving the right to
object, the gentleman from Wisconsin
mode the gentleman and, most of all, the
House.
Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my reserva-
tion of objection.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection
to the request of the gentleman from
Wisconsin?
There was no objection.
^ 1725
The CHAIRMAN. Are there amend-
ments to title II?
AMENDMENTS OFFERED BY MR. QUAYLE
Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Chairman, I offer
amendments, and ask unanimous consent
'that the amendments be considered as
read, printed in the RECORD, and consid-
ered en bloc.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Indiana?
There was no objection.
The amendments are as follows:
Amendments offered by Mr. QUAYLE: Page
6, strike out line 1 and all that follows
through line 17 on page 6 and insert in lieu
thereof the following:
MAINTENANCE OF RELATIONS THROUGH LIAISON
OFFICES
SEC. 202. (a) Except as the President may
otherwise provide with respect to those types
of dealings which are not normally conducted
through diplomatic or other official mis-
sions-
partners and as I have said, Mr. Chair-
man, we have had full diplomatic rela-
tions with Taiwan. Now, we are trying
to reverse the situation.
I know there will be argument saying
that this is going to wreck the deal, this
is going to perhaps hurt Taiwan. In the
spirit of bipartisanship and in the spirit
of cooperation among the branches of
Government, we have always worked in
concert in dealing with not only recog-
nition of other countries but in our for-
eign policy endeavors.
The Shanghai Communique in 1972
established a liaison office bn the PRC.
Now we have decided to change our
course in foreign policy. I think it should
at least establish this liaison office on
Taiwan.
Concerning the negotiating practice
that took place between our Govern-
ment and the PRC, we have been told
there was never a request to not use,
force. We have been told there was some
discussion of the liaison office but I
would imagine if the President would
tell the Vice Premier, or the proper per-
son in the PRC that it is the will of
Congress to have at least a liaison of-
fice, that it just may be a reality rather
than just a lot of talk.
Mr. Chairman, in conclusion I would
the ado
tio
f thi
p
n o
s amendment.
(1) dealings
of the United States Govern- It is not full diplomatic relations, it does
ment with Taiwan shall be conducted establish a liaison office and simply re-
through a United States Liaison Office on verses the situation.
Taiwan; and
(2) dealings of Taiwan with the United Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Chairman, will
States Government shall be conducted the gentleman yield?
through a Taiwan Liaison Office in the United f Mr. QUAYLE. I yield to the gentleman
States.
(Mr. ZABLOCKI) has been good enough (b) Upon the granting by Taiwan of com-
to suggest that there is a possibility we parable privileges and immunities to the
might conclude by 7 o'clock. There are its
nited persStnel, the Liaison President on Taiwan and
ze to
two major amendments, one dealing extend to theTaiwan Liaison Office in
the
with the Liaison Office and the other United States, and its personnel, privileges
with government-to-government rela- and immunities (subject to corresponding
tions, and then there are several others, conditions and obligations) comparable to
at least nine others at the desk. I am those extended by the United States to ac-
wondering whether or not we can reason- riecredited dih maeic missions such foreign
ns.
of coun-
ably expect to finish that many by 7 t Page and the members of such missions.
o'clock or whether it might not be better ge 6, strike out line 18 and all that
be better
.
m,
What if
to conclude our business, rise,
follows through line 4 on page 10 and re- Taiwan does s not establish this institute
back to this on Monda s sections 205, 206, and 207 as sec- by February 28 or the March 1 dead-
3' tions 203 203, 204, and 205, respectively.
"
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will line?"
the gentleman yield? Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Chairman, this I said, "Would it be possible for those
Mr. BAUMAN. Yes, of course I yield.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I thank the gentle-
man from Maryland for yielding.
I firmly believe that without dilatory
tactics and with some cooperation by
the Members of the House, and, of course,
with some reasonable limitation of de-
bate to a half hour or 45 minutes, we
can finish by 7 o'clock. But if we have
unlimited debate, if the gentleman is
going to insist that the gentleman from
Wisconsin at some point cannot reason-
ably limit time, and it obviously appears
there will undoubtedly be full debate on
the amendment, then we will not finish
by 7 o'clock. But it is my hope, and 7
amendment establishes a liaison office people to be deported from that country
on Taiwan. It simply reverses the situa- if they did not follow instructions from
tion which we have had for the past 7 our Government?"
years where we have had full diplomatic His answer was in the affirmative.
relations with Taiwan and a liaison of- I do not think it was a
ue
ti
f
q
s
on o
flee on the PRC. I do not think that the whether it was established but under
issue before us is, are we going to have what kind of circumstances it was es-
full diplomatic relations with the PRC? tablished.
Obviously we are. The issue before us ^ 1730
Is what kind of relationship are we going I would hasten to say it was estab-
to have with Taiwan. lished probably under a cloak of intimi-
There are a number of Members of dation, if not threat, from our Govern-
Congress who would like to see full dip- ment that this would have to take place.
lomatic relations for both Taiwan and Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Chairman, this
the PRC. This amendment does not call amendment in and of itself is in all like-
for full diplomatic relations, it only calls lihood unconstitutional because there
a
c
-?
?
office. stitution that belong solely to the Presi-
finish by 7 o'clock. Why would we want to put at least dent of the United States. The first one
Mr. BADMAN. I again express my a liaison office in Taiwan? First of all is the right of pardon; the second is the
concern that debate on an issue of this there is an ongoing government in that right to recognize or to receive amba,ts-
magnitude in a session in which we have country. It is a government we have sailors. This comes under that category.
done virtually nothing for 2 months recognized for 30 years. There are 17 We are invading the President's right to
would be literally pushed into an hour million people in that country. Taiwan receive ambassadors and establish any
and a half, but I do not wish to discom- has been one of our top ten trading type of diplomatic relations.
rom Mlssoufi.
Mr. SKELTON. Is the gentleman
aware of the fact Taiwan has already
established its corporate agency for work
with our like corporate agency? Is not
the gentleman aware of that?
Mr. QUAYLE. Yes, sir, I will tell my
friend from Missouri, I am aware of
that. As a matter of fact, I asked Mr.
Christopher in one of our committee
hearings concerning the establishment
of this institute
I asked hi
"
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE H 1195
I sympathize with the gentleman's po-
sition and understand it, but I think in
all sincerity the amendment is unconsti-
tutional, because we are invading the
sole right of the President of the United
States.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen-
tleman from Indiana (Mr. QUAYLE) has
expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. QUAYLE
was allowed to proceed for 1 additional
minute.)
Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Chairman, I would
just say that I am not a constitutional
lawyer, but I would say that we have
always worked in cooperation with the
executive in these particular areas. The
Senate passed a resolution by a vote of
94 to 0 that there should be some sort of
consultation concerning what to do with
Taiwan.
There has been a discussion of a liaison
office, and I think if the Congress works
its will and a provision for a liaison office
is put on the President's desk, it could
become a reality.
Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Chairman, if the
gentleman will yield further, regardless
of the discussions, we cannot change the
Constitution of the United States. It says
what it says. We have to live by it here in
Congress, as well as elsewhere.
Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman
for yielding.
Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Chairman, I would
just say that throughout the course of
debate in the committee the constitu-
tional aspect was never raised.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I rise
in oposition to the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, this identical amend-
ment was introduced and considered in
committee during the markup, and it was
defeated by a vote of 12 to 5.
Now, I fully realize that a committee
action is not necessarily an action to be
followed by the full House. But the com-
mittee has studied this issue very care-
fully, and I must say this, Mr. Chairman,
as to the amendment offered by the gen-
tleman from Indiana (Mr. QUAYLE), with
whom I would have some sympathy on
his proposal:
Indeed, Mr. Chairman, if I were called
for counsel by the executive branch prior
to the negotiation agreement, I would
have expressed my preference that we
have a relationship with the Republic
of China on the basis of a liaison office,
while having full diplomatic relations
with the PRC. We would then follow,
as we did for 7 years with the PRC, and
have relations with the ROC with a
liaison office. But I was not consulted,
and the situation has been negotiated
Today we have Just two choices: either
we have the opportunity to take the steps
and approve a bill which would continue
our U.S. relations with Taiwan and with
the people on Taiwan, as they had been
prior to January 1, 1979, but on a non-
governmental basis; or we would not
pass this legislation and not give the
President the authority to continue these
activities with Taiwan. If we did accept
the gentleman's amendment, we must
remember that the committee, as the
gentleman well knows, was told by the
executive, branch that the President
would veto this bill, and by this type. of mittee and of its leadership to the people
action, by adopting the gentleman's on Taiwan:
amendment, we would not be helping This is not something that all of us
Taiwan. have received with celebration, the
I am sure, as the gentleman admitted have received with celebration, the
earlier in the colloquy, that this is water change in China policy. The arrange-
over the dam. Not only have we an agree- ment that was made was not to our
ment and a commitment but this amend- complete liking or that which a num-
ment would cause some problems in ber of us would have done. Yet we are
keeping the commitment we made with taking this action to try to protect the.
the PRC, and it would also cause dif- people on Taiwan, to offer our friends
ficulties with our ally, Taiwan, since they the protections they need to provide the
have already agreed and created an en- continuation of the relationship that is
tity similar to ours called the Coordina- in the interest of the United States and
tion Council for North American Affairs. of Taiwan. I do not believe we can take
Now, this Taiwan agency is already any other action and still protect that
prepared to deal with its U.S. counter- interest.
part. The proposed amendment would Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman would
destroy this arrangement. be kind enough to yield further, I want
Certainly, upon further thoughtful to go on record personally as expressing
reading of the gentleman's amendment, my appreciation for the gentleman's
we can come to but only one conclusion: leadership through the years in support
Even though we may not agree with what of the people of Taiwan and for the
the executive branch and the President leadership of my ranking minority
have done in normalizing, or the terms member, and to say that I fully. share
under which that normalization was that position of support and would not
agreed to, everybody or, I would say, think of supporting this bill if it were
most everybody, in _ this country ap- other than what it is.
plauded the normalization of diplomatic Mr. ZABLOCKI. I thank the gentle-
relations. man for his contribution and particu-
^ 1725 larly his kind remarks about my efforts.
The only quarrel that we have, some
concern that Members of the Congress
have, is that it should not be done at the
expense and should not have been done
at the expense of Taiwan and the people
of Taiwan. In order that it will not be
done at the expense of the people of
Taiwan, is why we have this legislation.
This change from an entity to a liaison
office is both provocative and unneces-
sary. The legislation as now constituted
would allow us to operate through the
American institute in Taiwan in an en-
tirely acceptable manner. Taiwan has
agreed to set up its counterpart orga-
nization to handle its business here. Let
us not disrupt the proceedings and the
arrangements as they are now and which
appear to be workable.
Mr. Chairman, I hope the amendment
will be defeated.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of ? the
gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. ZA-
BLOCKI) has expired.
(On request of Mr. BUCHANAN and by
unanimous consent, Mr. ZABLOCKI was
allowed to proceed for 5 additional
minutes.)
Mr. BUCHANAN. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I yield to the gentle-
man from Michigan.
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I
would also like to add appreciation to
the chairman of our committee for his
leadership. I consider this one of the
most controversial amendments that
will be offered on this bill. I happen to
believe that, had the gentleman from
Wisconsin (Mr. ZABLOCKI) and myself
at least been asked for our advice prior
to normalization, both of us would have
insisted on a liaison office for Taiwan.
This was not done. I can assure all the
Members that their committee, has
worked very, very hard, in the absence
of this liaison office, to do everything we
possibly could to protect the interests of
the people of Taiwan, and I think that
the bill, as it has been presented here
with the amendments, is an excellent
piece of legislation.
Again, I think that had the admin-
istration afforded some of the Members
who are in support of foreign affairs an
opportunity to express themselves in
consultation before normalization, pos-
sibly some of these issues could have
been resolved. Since I was not afforded
.
man from Alabama. the opportunity to insist upon a liaison
Mr. BUCHANAN. I thank the gentle- office for Taiwan, due to the absence of
man for yielding. . consultation by the administration, I be-
Mr. Chairman. I would like to say that lieve that given the circumstances at this
the distinguished chairman of the Com- time, in view of the fact that Taiwan has
mittee on Foreign Affairs has spoken, as set up a council of North America to
usual, wisely and well. I think the Mem- handle its affairs, it is important that
bers of this committee and of this House we keep the committee language in the
ought to understand that there are no bill pertaining to the maintenance of a
better friends to the Republic of China relationship between Taiwan and the
or to the people on Taiwan than the dis- United States.
tinguished chairman of this committee ^ 1740
and its ranking minority member, the I strongly urge that the Members op-
gentleman from Michigan (Mr. BROOM- Pose this amendment so that this bill
FIELD). I know from long personal ex-
perience of the friendship of this com- Mr. ZABLOCKI. I thank my friend
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ZABLOCKI. I yield to the gentle-
Mr
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CONGMSSRONAL RECORD - IH OUS E March 8, 1979
and colleague from Michigan (Mr. ought to adopt the amendment regardless
BROOMFIELD) for-his contribution. I want of what Red China wants.
to take, Mr. Chairman, just a moment (Ms. HOLTZMAN asked and was given
to express my deep appreciation again permission to revise and extend her re-
for his counsel and advice as we were marks.)
working on the legislation. There were Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Chairman, I
no less than eight versions before it be- move to strike the requisite number of
came a bill ready for introduction. I ask words.
for a "no" vote. Mr. Chairman, I am very much in fa-
Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Chairman, I move vor of recognition of the People's Repub-
to strike the last word, and I rise in sup- lic of China: I think we should have es-
port of the amendment. tablished diplomatic relations a long
Mr. Chairman, it turns my stomach to time ago.
stand here and listen to the characteriza- But I am troubled by title II of this
tion of people, who are offering amend- bill, and I am troubled not so much, be-
ments on this floor to help the people of cause of the effect it- has on the Peo-
Taiwan, as the enemies of Taiwan. The ple's Republic of China or the effect it
kind of rubbish that the administration has on the Government of Taiwan, but
sent down here cries out for a decent because of the effect it has on the United
amendment as proposed by the gentle- States as a sovereign nation with sov-
man from Indiana (Mr. QUAYLE), estab- ereign dignity.
lishing a liaison office. A liaison office was I am very concerned that for the first
good enough for the Red butchers in time we are going to be conducting gov-
Peking for 6 years, but you say it is not ernmental activities through subterfuge,
good enough for our allies of 50 years' and I am concerned that a sovereign
standing. Power and a great nation like the United
Who are you kidding? Who are the States cannot conduct its governmental
enemies of Taiwan and who are its activities in its own name.
friends? With this amendment we are I find it disturbing and regretable. I
trying to maintain a government-to-gov- am also concerned about the constitu-
ernment relationship with a strong and tional precedent for this, and whether
longtime ally. Has this House become a the committee has examined the con-
rerun of Alice in Wonderland? Have you stitutional basis. Perhaps the chairman,
turned the whole world upside down? Do in terms of resolving my doubts on this
we not know what we are doing today? issue, can tell me whether or not the
Will we stand here and allow the Presi- committee has studied whether or not in
dent to dictate this fundamental betrayal fact it is constitutionally permissible to
of an ally? Are we going to follow him conduct governmental activities of this
down the same road? kind through a private agency.
Those are the issues the gentleman E1745
from Indi
ana is raising Now thi bill
.,s-
this bill is a monstrosity; only slightly
less monstrous than the administration
bill.
. This bill proposes a shameful policy for
this Nation. We are told this American-
Taiwan corporation will be a private en-
tity but that it is not really a private
entity; it will be run by'Federal Govern-
ment employees, but they are not really
Government employees; it is not fi-
nanced by the taxpayers; but it is fi-
nanced by the taxpayers.
Not in our entire history is there any-
thing like this; the United States sneak-
ing around in international back alleys.
At least the gentleman would substitute
an official liaison office. This is absolute
madness, this whole debate. I have to say
to the ranking minority member and to
the gentlewoman yield?
Ms. HOLTZMAN. I am more than hap-
py to yield to the gentleman from Wis-
consin, the distinguished chairman.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, may I
say to the gentlewoman that the com-
mittee has studied this matter and did
seek counsel. Indeed, it has obtained
counsel or advice from some of the most
prestigiou$ legal firms here in Washing-
ton and elsewhere, not specifically on the
issue of constitutionality, but on the
creation of this entity which would con-
tinue relations, exchanges, and activities
between the United States and Taiwan.
However, since I am not a lawyer and
certainly not a constitutional lawyer, if
ization for the use of force to assist Tai-
wan.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. If the gentlewoman
will yield further, I will say no, the term
"defense services or defense articles"
does not authorize the use of force to aid
Taiwan.
The definition, as intended in the law,
would be the same as the definition of
"defense articles and defense services"
as contained in section 47 of the Arms
Export Control Act. That definition is as
follows:
"defense article", except as provided in
paragraph (7) of this section, includes-
(A) any weapon, weapons system, muni-
tion, aircraft, vessel, boat, or other Imple-
ment of war,
(B) any property, installation, commodity,
material, equipment, supply, or goods used -
for the purposes of making military sales,
(C) any machinery, facility, tool, mate-
rial, supply, or other item necessary for the
manufacture, production, processing, repair,
servicing, storage, construction, transporta-'
tion, operation, or use of any article listed
in this paragraph, and
(D) any component or part of any article
listed in this paragraph,
but does not include merchant vessels di- (as
defined by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954)
source material, byproduct material, special
nuclear material, production facilities, util-
ization facilities, or atomic weapons or ar-
ticles involving Restricted Data;
(4)89 "defense service", except as provided
in paragraph (7) of this section, includes
any service, test, inspection, repair, training,
publication, technical or other assistance, or
defense information (as defined in section
644(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 90), used for the purposes df making
military sales;
(5),80 "training" includes formal or infor-
mal instruction of foreign students in the
United States or overseas by officers or em-
ployees of the United States, contract tech-
nicians, or contractors (including instruc-
tion at civilian institutions), or by corre-
spondence courses, technical, educational, or
information publications and media of all
kinds, training aid, orientation, training ex-
ercise, and military advice to foreign military
units and forces;
Nowhere is there any intention to au-
thorize the use of force in the definition
as set forth in our bill.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen-
tlewoman from New York (Ms. HoLTZ-
MAN) has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Ms. HOLTZ-
MAAr was allowed to proceed for 2 addi-
tional minutes.)
two friends of Taiwan who over the years ana linen that, or course, only the courts Ms. HOLTZMAN. I thank the Chair-
have, indeed, fought for a free China, could correct. man. I would like to say I appreciate the
halo wanted to extend fought f a f e China, answer to the gentlewoman from reassurances, but I still have a reserva-
who wan and not accept communism, freedom t the
New York as to whether there is any tion about the fact that title II repre-
mainland precedent, the one which comes to mind sents a humiliation of the United States
have been and n la a in sun an pt an this unenviable slegislation. most readily, although it is not identical and demeans the dignity with which we
t
They do not relish this dirty assignment to the creation of a nongovernmental conduct our governmental activities
and they have said it many times on the entity, would be Comsat which could be abroad. I am also concerned about the
al But let us not it ma out a compared in concept to what we are timing of this legislation, because at this
flo throw
decent amendment that will resto re and doing here. very moment Chinese troops have in-
least cent
Ms. HOLTZMAN. I thank the chair- vaded another country. We should not
partially the that will eat honor of
this countra, man for his comments, in any way be condoning that act of
As long as I have the time, I wonder aggression.
I hope Members will vote for this whether I could ask the chairman a The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen-
amendment. I cannot see how they can go question about title I regarding the defi- tlewoman has expired..
home having voted that 18 million people nition of the term "defense services," Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman,
be consigned to live under communism. Does that mean that the Government I move to strike the last word.
There was a time when America opposed of the United States could in any way . (Mr. LAGOMARSINO asked and was
communism. Now, you embrace it, you provide troops or military forces to aid given permission to revise and extend his
accept it. That is what the issue is. We Taiwan, or is this in any way an author- remarks.)
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSIB
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman, I
rise in strong support of the Quayle
amendment. I have the highest respect
for the chairman of the committee, the
chairman of the subcommittee, as I
pointed out earlier, and, obviously, the
ranking Republican member on the com-
mittee. But I must say that maybe if I
were in their place, I would feel differ-
ently about this, but I am not. If they,
are not outraged about what happened
to them-to all of us, but particularly
to them-in the leadership positions they
hold, I am outraged for them.
The law that was passed by this Con-
gress last year, the international Secu-
rity Assistance Act, very clearly points
out what the President was supposed to
do. Let me read to the Members section
26.
The Congress finds that-
(1) the continued security and stability
of East Asia is a matter of major strategic
interests to the United States;
(2) the United States and the Republic of
China have for a period of twenty-four years
been linked together by the Mutual Defense
Treaty of 1954;
(3) the Republic of China has during that
twenty-four-year period faithfully and con-
tinually carried out its duties and obliga-
tions under that treaty; and
(4) it is the responsibility of the Senate
to give its advice and consent to treaties en-
tered into by the United States.
(b) It is the sense of the Congress that
there should be prior consultation between
the Congress and the executive branch on
any proposed policy changes affecting the
continuation in force of the Mutual Defense
Treaty of 1954.
In my opinion-and there really was
not a very good defense of this bill by
administration witnesses-there was no
such consultation. I think one member
of our committee said he had been con-
sulted satisfactorily in his opinion. The
chairman said he was not. As a matter
of fact, he made the comment that the
last consultation or talk about the situa-
tion was when he was told that the
whole situation was on the back burner-
his exact words: "On the back burner."
The gentleman from Michigan (Mr.
BROOMFIELD) said the same thing. I
know that I was never consulted as a
member of the committee.
The question is, What are we going to
do about it? We 'can roll over. We can
say, "Oh, gee, that is too bad.,If we had
been consulted, we would have said so
and so."
We have a duty to perform. We have
our role and function as an equal branch
of this Government. I think one thing
we can do is to provide what we would
have done had we been consulted. I think
there is little doubt that had we been
consulted, we would have at least recom-
mended a liaison office. All we are doing
is turning around what the situation was
before December 15 when we recognized
the ROC and had a liaison officer in
Peking.
Let me point out one other thing.
Right now we have an intersection, a
formal, official Government body, Gov-
ernment personnel on the Government
payroll-there is no question about it-
in Cuba-in Cuba. Just a week ago the
President reiterated his opposition to re-
newing normal diplomatic relations with
Cuba while they had troops running all
over Africa. Here we are treating our
friends, our longtime friends on Taiwan,
in a different sort of a way.
It has been pointed out that Taiwan
has set up an institute. That is true.
They have set up an institute, and my
understanding is they did it, because
they were told if they did not do that, if
they did not go along with this bill, they
would get nothing.
? Mr. Chairman, are we going to be put
in a position of being blackmailed, or
are we going to do what we think is
right? We might not think it is right to
have a liaison office, fine. Vote that way,
then. But certainly if we think it is the
right thing to do, we should vote that
way and let the administration know.
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. I yield to the
gentleman from New York.
Mr. WOLFF. I thank the gentleman
for yielding.
I would just like to add to a couple of
points the opposed to what gentleman
the dminiist made. did
in the timely fashion it did. However, we
are faced with circumstances that are
virtually unalterable.
I might say on the question of the in-
tercession we have in Cuba, that is with
a Swiss embassy, and it is not a separate
entity. That is point No. 1. Second, on the
question of the Mutual Defense Treaty,
and the ability of the President to ter-
minate that treaty and the statement
that the gentleman from California
made, this is a statement from the
Georgetown Law Center:
0 1755
Recognition of the People's Republic of
China, as that of any other nation, is an
exclusive function of the Presidency beyond
the reach of the Congress.
Mr. KELLY. I move to strike the req-
uisite number of words and I rise in sup-
port of the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I find this is another
one of those junctures where it is im-
portant to try to get some perspective on
what is going on here.
There can be no doubt, Mr. Chairman,
that the interests of the United States
are really what is being debated here.
It is oftentimes sidetracked with some
reference to the fact that what we need
to do is, we need to do what is in the best
interest of Taiwan and we must keep our
word to Taiwan.
It has been mentioned here several
times that there is some question about
what the United States would do in the
event there was an attack on Taiwan.
The groundwork is being laid here right
now by what we are doing to be certain
that the United States will do nothing.
As the situation exists right now the
Government of the United States by its
joint communique has acknowledged the
Chinese position that there is but one
China and that Taiwan is part of that
China.
Mr. Chairman, I can hear the argu-
ment right now that really we should
not do anything about the military at-
tack on Taiwan by the Communist Chi-
nese, we should not in any way do
anything about an economic blockade
12197
to try to starve and strangle to death
the free Chinese on Taiwan, because it is
an internal matter, it is a matter purely
to be controlled by the Chinese Govern-
ment in Peking. That will come later.
Clearly we have a situation in the
Western Pacific where our defenses are
involved. What is at stake here is not
the security of Taiwan for the sake of
the people on Taiwan, it is not to try
and maintain our commitment and our
credibility in the world, but we are a
Pacific nation. Our 50th State is 3,000
miles into the Pacific. The Aleutian
Islands, a part of Alaska, extend into
the Pacific for hundreds of miles. Much
of our seacoast is in the Pacific.
Mr. Chairman, if we do not at this time
establish that the U.S. Government has
a right to deal with Taiwan as a free
nation, if we do not do that right now,
the time will have passed when we can
ever do it. If we do not do that then
clearly the argument is going to be that
any altercation between mainland China
and Taiwan is an internal matter.
The security of the United States de-
pends upon a string of defenses that
includes North Korea, Japan, Okinawa,
Taiwan, and the Philippines. No invasion
force can move into the Pacific area if
it must go by that string of defenses..
^ 1800
If we lose Taiwan, the defensive line
is compromised. So what we are dealing
with is the defense interest of the
United States of America. ' We are not
primarily concerned with what is in the
best interests of Taiwan; we are right
now trying to maintain that we have a
right to have an interest and a flex-
ibility in our foreign policy to do what
is in our best interest with regard to
the Taiwan question.
Mr. Chairman, by doing what the
President has done, all we are going to
do is give over the options to the Com-
munists, and that is not in the interest
of the people.
Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I
move to strike the requisite number of
words, and I rise in support of the
amendments.
(Mr. LIVINGSTON asked and was
given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Chairman, I
rise in support of the amendment offered
by the gentleman from Indiana to estab-
lish an official U.S. liaison office on
Taiwan.
Mr. Chairman, the decision last De-
cember by the administration to sud-
denly recognize mainland China came
without the consultation of Congress and
its accompanying action, and, in my
opinion, was just a simple case of the
United States giving our faithful ally,
Taiwan, a good "kick in the pants."
Mr. Chairman, I realize the present
and future importance of the People's
Republic of China in international af-
fairs. There is no doubt that open rela-
tions with China will result in increased
economic activity in the United States
which will ultimately be beneficial in re-
ducing our present trade deficit. How-
ever, the fact-of the matter remains that
in reaching an agreement with China
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1 11198 CONGRIESSIIONAIL RIECORD-HOUSIB March 8, 1979
our administration simply did some bad
"horse trading."
With the Soviet Union at China's front
door, Russian support of Vietnam's mili-
tary conquests at China's back door, and
the great desire by China for American
technology, the administration concluded
an agreement with the People's Republic
which did not guarantee Taiwan secu-
rity, and, most importantly, disruptgd
the confidence other countries had in the
American alliance system. It seems that
the forsaking of bonds with our loyal
allies is typical of the confusion which
has beset this administration's foreign
policy since it entered office in 1977.
The establishment of a liaison office on
Taiwan is-the least the United States can
do to clearly demonstrate to Taiwan and
the rest of the free world, America's com-
mitment to a philosophy of government
that insures economic and political free-
dom for all.
Mr. Chairman, we have heard many
arguments that this bill is in effect a
fait accompli, that we should take it or
leave it. I understand the problems and
the pressures upon the distinguished
chairman of this committee and upon
the ranking minority member, but it
seems to me that this committee is called
upon to offer constructive amendments
to correct what would otherwise be a
very-and it will be-regretful moment
and episode in American history.
For these reasons, Mr. Chairman, I be-
lieve it is imperative that the House ap-
prove the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Indiana (Mr. QUAYLE),
and I urge the committee to give it its
support.
Mr. MATTOX. Mr. Chairman, I move
to strike the requisite number of words,
and I rise in support of the amendments.
(Mr. MATTOX asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. MATTOX. Mr. Chairman, let me
say to the Members that I very seldom
take the well to speak, but as a Democrat
I rise in support of this amendment.
I would like to associate myself with
the words of the gentlewoman from New
York when she was speaking about the
disgrace over the way the United States
is about to conduct its relationships.
I have heard Members stand up today
and beat their chests and tell about
their friendship for Taiwan, but let me
say that my mother used to tell me,
"You have to test a man's friendship.
When all the cards are against you,
and you know when it is really hard to
fight back. Today Members have been
saying, "All of us are friends, but what
they are really saying is "we don't want
to fight back right now."
Let me tell you this: "You are not
much of friends if you don't fight back
when the going gets tough". That is the
test. It is a real test. -
I was listening to one of the speakers
awhile ago talk in terms of how we want
to maintain our dignity with the people
of Taiwan.
^ 1805
Well, that is a bunch of nonsense. The
people of Taiwan have great respect for
this body. They are angry with the Presi-
dent. They have great respect for the Mr.-MADDOX. I thank the. gentlemrr n
American people. for his remarks.
The reason that Taiwan consented' to Mrs. HECKLER. Mr. Chairman, I
this so-called corporation is because they move to strike the requisite number of
have been told that the Congress will not words.
stand up beside them. That is the reason (Mrs. HECKLER asked and was given
Taiwan was coerced into accepting it. permission to revise and extend her re-
What the administration told them ap- marks.)
pears to.be right. It appears to be right Mrs. HECKLER. Mr. Chairman, on
because we will not stand. But if we do September 13, 1978, candidate James
stand, I can- assure the Members that Earl Carter was asked by U.S. News &
it is a long way before this battle is over. World Report, "Would you envisage
We can get the administration to change. moving quickly to normalize relations
I guarantee that we will do a lot more with Peking-perhaps involving recog-
good if we do it. I have listened to some nition?" To which he replied, "No, I
of the really strong supporters of the don't envision that." And on December
state of Israel stand up here. And what 15, 1978, President Carter announced
they are doing is abandoning one of our thatas of January 1, 1979, 15 days later,
allies, a small island of 17 million people, the U.S. and PRC would formally rec-
and they are saying the administration ognize one another. This precipitous ac- ..
has to do this. What happens if the ad- tion was taken without meaningful prior
ministration turns its back on Israel to-. consultation with Congress and without
morrow and you have 3 million people the open diplomacy to which candidate
who are allies and they are sitting out Carter committed himself. While I agree.
there on an island surrounded by hostile with the essence of normalization, in the
nations? Are you going to say, "But this process of finalizing the status of repre-
administration has done it, we are not sentation for Taiwan should have been
going to fight back?" You will stand here discussed and advocated by the Presi-
and scream and holler and fight back. dent through the forum of open diplo-
I can call you by name, but that would macy which candidate Carter advocated.
not be proper. You know as well as I do That was the appropriate time to raise
that you should stand, and the time is the issue of the liaison office in Taiwan.
now for Republic of China. Therein lies the crux of the problem.
I remember the first time I went to Rather in the aftermath of the final-
the Chinese Embassy in 1967. I was an ized agreement we in Congress should
intern for a Congressman of this House. realize that upgrading the status of our
At that time I went in and I thought that ? diplomatic relations with Taiwan, as pro-
it was the most foolish thing in the world posed in this amendment would be a
to think that that Embassy was for retreat from the irrefutable reality of
Mainland China. I was then and am now mainland China and the People's Repub-
in favor of two-China policy. But to go lic of China. Moreover, such a step would
through this charade and think that the in no real way reassure the Taiwanese
people of Taiwan and the people of the as to their future. Whatever that future
United States are for this change in pol- may hold, we best guarantee its benevo-
icy is wrong. You ask the people in the lence for the Taiwanese by steady and
-neighborhoods. They will tell you they thoughtful suasion with the Chinese Gov-
do not want you to foresake our allies.-I ernment, not by a theatrical and pro-
would stand and ask for full diplomatic vocative switch-play in one of the most
relations. But that is not possible. In the sensitive diplomatic exercises in our re-
meantime, the thing we can do is to es- cent experience.
tablish a government-to-government re- Unless clearly understood at the time
lationship with our seventh largest trad- of recognition of the Chinese People's
Ing partner. They had a $2.3 billion Republic, upgrading of our presence in
favorable balance-of-payments last year. Taiwan now to mission status would in
Are you not going to recognize them? my Judgment have four undesirable ef-
That is foolishness. It really is. We need fects. First, it would be a gratuitous prov-
to recognize both of these countries and, ocation to our historically important new
in the meantime,. we ought to have the contacts on the mainland, whether they
kinds of relationships established by this are perceived as acquaintances or as
amendment. You should be real friends, friends; second, it would be of no real
You know, the old saying, "when the practical benefit to the Taiwanese since
going gets tough, the tough get going." alternative methods currently exist for
I will tell you, I do not want any friends the preservation and further develop-
if they do not stand with me when I need ment of mutually beneficial economic re-
the help. I ask you to stay with the Re- lationships; third, it might be directly
public of China. damaging to the Taiwanese themselves,
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman, since prospects for carefully developed
will the gentleman yield? and adequately reinforced guarantees for
Mr. MADDOX. I yield to the gentle- their future could 'be compromised, and
man from California. fourth, it could be dangerous for the
Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Chairman, United States itself, for falling in the
I want to congratulate the gentleman wake of the Iranian debacle, this kind
on his statement. I think that is one of of broken-field running might well jeop-
the most clear and precise statements, ardize further already damaged U.S.
putting this right where, it ought to be, prestige and influence throughout the
right in our lap, and if we will not stand world. For all these reasons, Mr. Speaker,
up to the challenge we do not deserve I urge the defeat of what is in essence
to be here. an attempt to second guess the delicate
Mr. Chairman, I commend the gentle- and tentative diplomatic understandings
man.. thus far reached.
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March 8, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RIECORD-HOUSIE H-H 1199
It seems to me that we are in a signifi-
cant stage in world history. It will now
be possible to provide support for a long-
time ally, the Taiwanese, in the face of
a changed world situation, and simul-
taneously to proceed with fostering a
new friendship with the People's Republic
of China. The two friendships need not be
mutually exclusive.
However gropingly, Mr. Speaker, our
country has taken an important step
into the future.
Let us not undermine it by passing this
amendment.,
. ^ 1810
Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Chairman, .1
move to strike the last word.
(Mr. SKELTON asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Chairman, if this
were a matter of friendship, that would
be one thing. If this would be a matter
? of expressing dignity, that would be
another. However, those are not the is-
sues before us today. The strength of
our friendship and the strong feelings
we have for those who live in Taiwan is
not the issue before us. We have heard
many moving and persuasive' debates to-
day, but I think the thing we should look
at is the bill we have before us and the
amendment we have before us, and the
Constitution that we are sworn to
uphold.
The Constitution gives the sole and ex-
clusive right to receive Ambassadors to
the President of the United States, not
to the Congress. Were we, any one of us
or all of us collectively, to be the Presi-
dent and to make that decision, it might
have been a different one, but the Presi-
dent has chosen in his sole and exclusive
right not to receive an Ambassador. The
extension of that right, of course, is not
to have a liaison office or an Embassy in
Taiwan. Consequently, the ball game is
not in that court.
^ 1815
The ball game is whether we accept the
bill before us.
I say this, Mr. Chairman, that if we
are truly friends of. Taiwan, we should
accept this bill because it is the only
thing which the administration backs.
It is the only thing which the admin-
istration will accept.
We are not in a position to choose
whether there should be a liaison office
or an Embassy. We are here to do the
only thing we can under law.
If we are their friend, we defeat this
amendment and pass this bill. If we are
not their friend, we adopt this amend-
ment because if we adopt this amend-
ment, the whole bill goes down the drain.
Then we have no relations with them.
We have no way to give them defensive
arms. We have no way to have cultural
relations with them. We have no way to
have any type of communications with
them whatsoever.
Consequently, Mr. Chairman, our
choice boils down to having to vote
against this amendment.
Mr. HYDE. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. SKELTON. I yield to the gentle-
man from Illinois.
Mr. HYDE. Mr. Chairman, would the
gentleman agree that it was really in-
cumbent upon the President, if not le-
gally binding, that he consult with Con-
gress before this package of commit-
ments and withdrawals - was finalized
with the mainland Chinese?
Mr. SKELTON. Of course, that does
not say that he consult with every Mem-
ber of Congress.
Mr. HYDE. Perhaps the chairman of
this committee.
Mr. SKELTON. I understand he did
consult with some Members of Congress.
Who they were I cannot specifically say,
but I do know that he did consult with
some Members.
Mr. HYDE. If the gentleman will yield
further, I would suggest that by passing
this amendment we are providing him
with advice and consent and the views of
this body, which he neglected to seek in
December because we were not in session,
that we prefer a- liaison office. That
would leave him isolated then, suggest-
ing that we have this quasi, semi, pseudo
corporation represent America over
there, but then the issue will be starkly
drawn, and he will have the benefit of
our advice and consent.
If he wishes to veto it, then we will
have to consider it at that time.
Mr. SKELTON. The gentleman is say-
ing that the bill says something other
than what it does. The President does
not ask us for our advice and consent.
Mr. HYDE. But he should.
Mr. SKELTON. The law says that he
should consult Members of Congress,
which he did.
Mr. HYDE. If the gentleman will yield
further, he may accede to the wisdom
of our collective judgment that we should
at least give Taiwan what we gave the
People's Republic of China under the
Shanghai Communique.
Mr. SKELTON. Were I the President
of the United States, my decisions might
well be different, but I am not.
Mr. HYDE. I hope the gentleman will
be some day. .
Mr. SKELTON. It was the President's
decision not to choose to have a liaison
office there. We have nowhere to go ex-
cept to defeat this amendment.
Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Chair-
man, I move to strike the requisite num-
ber of words, and I rise in support of the
amendments.
(Mr. SENSENBRENNER asked and
was given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Chair-
man, I rise in support of the amendment
offered by the gentleman from Indiana
(Mr. QUAYLE). .
Adoption of this amendment is essen-
tial if the United States is to maintain
the same relationship with the govern-
ment of the Republic of China on Taiwan
as it did with the Peoples Republic of
China before January 1.
Our country maintained a liaison office
in Peking for several years before Presi-
dent Carter decided to normalize rela-
tions with the Peoples Republic of China.
With the upgrading of the office in
Peking to embassy status, the American
people expect that our Government will
treat the Taiwanese Government no dif-
ferently under our new relationship that
it treated the Peking Government under
our former relationship.
Administrations of both political par-
ties saw nothing wrong in establishing
and maintaining a U.S. governmental
presence in Peking through the liaison
office. All the arguments in support of
that office-that it was necessary to im-
prove political, cultural and trade rela-
tions-apply with respect to opening a
liaison office in Taipei.
Mr. Chairman, fair is fair. What.was
fair to Peking before normalization of
relations with the Peoples Republic of
China should also be fair to Taiwan
under the present circumstances. Adop-
tion of this amendment can prove this
country's good faith to the people of
Taiwan in a meaningful way.
^ 1820
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I move
to strike the requisite number of words.
Mr. Chairman, this is a critical amend-
ment, but it is tough for many of us to
get up in the well of the House and dis-
cuss this matter because it puts us in
awkward contradiction with some of our
very esteemed and respected colleagues.
I might mention I have the deepest
regard for the chairman of the Foreign
Relations Committee. I think he has
done an admirable job under the pres-
sures that are on him from all sides. And
I have the deepest respect for those other
ranking members of the committee on
both sides who are also operating under
great pressure.
But, more important, I have a great
deal of concern about the inadequacy of
this legislation.
This legislation without the amend-
ment, Mr. Chairman, is similar in anal-
ogy to attempting to rescue a drowning
man with a rowboat that is tied to the
dock. We are operating under impossi-
ble restraint and that is just about as
successful as we are going to be in doing
anything for the people on Taiwan with
this kind of legislation. I think that their
enemies know this, and they are en-
couraging this weak-kneed approach.
We need to do something to repair this
situation, and this is the time to do it.
I am convinced that a terrible tragedy
is about to occur unless we act now and
act decisively. The case is at hand; it is
not for us to decide next year or the year
after. Are we going to prevent 17 million
free people, who have fled and fought
communism, from being forced back into
its very jaws?
Let me tell the Members, Mr. Chair-
man, when I was in Taiwan recently I
interviewed some refugees from the
mainland. If the Members of this Body
do not think this is serious business, let
me recite a couple of interviews.
There was one young fellow, 22 years
old, who, in trying. to get away from
communism and the so-called blessings
that some seem to extoll on the mainland,
swam the Straits into Hong Kong. It
is a hard 4-hour swim which only one
out of ten survives. Escaping is no easy
thing personally or for your family. His
brother was beheaded and his mother was
starved to death. That was the penalty
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21200 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 8, 1979
for escaping that great haven of human Mr LUNGREN. I yield to the gentle- time, I do not believe that sending high
rights, the Red Republic of China. man from Wisconsin. officials over here to drink Coca-Cola,
Another person related how the famous Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I eat at bar-b-ques and wear Texas hats
sayings of Mao were used in awesome wonder if we could have an indication gives a nation absolution from a history
exercises in intimidation. He told of a of how many more speakers there are? of human rights abuse. I find it difficult
friend who was arrested who contested it is my intention to let everybody to meld President Carter's statement
the right of the government to arrest who wants to speak on this amendment that "human rights is the soul of our
him because he had done nothing to be do so. It would be helpful however, if we foreign policy" with the untimely ac-
arrested for. He was informed that ac- had some Idea as to how many Members tions he tooks in December and the
cording to Mao the Power State is abso- want to speak. Therefore, Mr. Chairman, measures he asks us to condone today.
lute; "are you challenging the authority could we have an, indication of how many President Carter defends his action in
of the State?" He said, "But I have done Members want to speak? several ways. He correctly points out that
nothing wrong." They then said, "Ac- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman the United States can no longer afford
cording to Mao, no one is perfect, not from California (Mr. LUNGREN) is recog- to ignore one-fourth of humanity. I
even Mao; are you better than he?" They nized. agree; full diplomatic relations with the
intimidate and intimidate until they Mr. LUNGREN. Mr. Chairman, in Peking Government is justified. But what
break you. 16th century England, a liveryman is not justified is the not so thinly-
Another man, who contended he was named Thomas Hobson required cus- veiled abandonment of the Republic of
the only person among the refugees on tomers to take the next available horse China. Government-to-government rela-
Taiwan who had served time in a Red rather than permitting them to make a tions with both the PRC and the Republic
prison and survived, said, "Mr. Hansen, I choice among horses in his stable. For of China would strike an equitable and
am 63 years old. I was a schoolteacher on this, Mr. Hobson went down in history, appropriate balance. It would tell the
the mainland right across the Straits as the originator of the "Hobson's millions around the globe who depend
from Taiwan when the Red Chinese Choice." When Mr. Hobson was alive, upon us that we are not the sort of people
Government took over. They put me in a Hobson's Choice meant the difference who dump old friends.
a prison in Manchuria, because they ap- between taking the horse he chose ? ? ? The time of the gentleman from Cali-
parently thought I was too much a part or walking. 'Today it means a choice fornia (Mr. LUNGREN) has expired.
of the old establishment, even though I between two unpalatable alternatives. Mr. LUNGREN. Mr. Chairman, I ask
was not political. I spent 15 years there. President Carter has presented Con- unanimous consent that I may be per-
They forced my wife to marryy, another. gress with a Hobson's Choice in the mea- mitted to proceed for 1 additional minute.
They starved my mother to death. When sure before us today. Three months ago, The CHAIRMAN. Is- there objection to
I was released I went back to my village, the President exercised his inherent au- the request of the gentleman from Cali-
and they then paraded me before the thority in deciding to recognize the forma?
people to show me as an example of what Peoples Republic of China. In the proc- Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I re-
not to be. I could have taken this. But ess, he also derecognized the Republic of serve the right to object. I shall not ob-
then they told me that because I as im- China. Yet there was no substantive con- ject; but I ask unanimous consent at this
perfect, my son was also imperfect, and sultation with Congress before the time that all debate on these amend-
my grandchildren would be imperfect too. President made this decision. The leg- ments end at 6:35 p.m.
For my family there was no hope. I Islation before us today, the United ^ 1830
escaped and took my son and my grand- States-Taiwan Relations Act, imple- Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Chairman,
son with me." ments the decision that the President reserving the right to object, under that
The point I am making is we are push- made and announced last December.
ing these people, by making a govern- If Congress passes this legislation in- man I would like to esv the chanonentity out of them, back into tact, we will be acceding to a tragic po- man of reservation
committee, the very distin-
mental n (Mr.
the jaws of the Red Chinese. We are litical sell-out. If, on the other hand, we begushed gentleman from up until now has
giving a hunting license to the Red refuse to be party to this decision, we been a who n least up until now not
Chinese to do whatever they want to. do leave the Republic of China and her 17 after good friend tim: I sk the
to conquer or absorb these people, million. souls almost completely isolated. aften this-this why it is that question: ask too g "
f whether it is by economic oppression, This bill is the ultimate example of the around why it g can "g2 h offs
military action, or whatever. I do not "just hold your nose and vote" school of around here all week long, spend 2 hours
think there is any way we in the Con- legislating. on the floor yesterday, and then come in
gress of the United States can justify I find it difficult to support this bill her? and spend a long evening on this
treating people this way, people who have because it ? implements a policy with bill .
been our traditional and faithful friends. which I personally disagree. In the years change There travel l plans a and who have schedules had to
nd
The Republic of China, Mr. Chairman, since World War II=when American have made back in their plans thdistricts, ant
is
not our enemy. These people have blood and wealth brought freedom and now, once bd, here
committed no acts of hostility against independence to unprecedented mil- now, once that is all accomplished, hethe United States. They are not guilty of lions we have seen a steady erosion of comes the gentleman at 6: re and he but and hinge word faithful friends American repute around the world. For- wan hato is c u logical babout that? Whate is
mer allies oppose us. Former adversaries fair about that? There are a lot of Mem-
friends and allies are hard to find. become friends and then adversaries bers who wanted to catch airplanes at
The least we can do Is give them recip- again, meanwhile shaking their collective 6:15 but who could not do it and who
rocal status, give them a liaison office heads in bewilderment. Nations which have now decided they want to get into
even though the big recognition of an would not exist without our support regu- the debate.
embassy goes to the Red Chinese. At larly attack us at the United Nations and Mr. O'NEILL. Mr. Chairman, will the
least, this way they will have some other forums.
government-to-government recognition, In all these years, the one nation that gentleman yield?
which will provide some real and tangible Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Yes, I yield to
reason for their enemies real believe that has been our friend and supporter with- the distinguished Speaker.
we are not going to stand idly el and wit- out fail is the same nation we are about Mr. O'NEILL. Mr. Chairman, we had
we internationas cannibalism and to turn into a political nonentity. The agreed on both sides of the aisle with the
n
gangsterism ess ter where Cann is concerned. nation that will benefit from all this has leadership and with the chairman of the
been our most persistent opponent, even committee that we would rise after this
^ 1825 to the point of entering into armed con- amendment. We did not appreciate the
Mr. LUNGREN. Mr. Chairman, I move flict with us during the early 1950's. It fact that the debate on the amendment
to strike the requisite number of words. is a nation with a human rights record would just continue and continue and
(Mr. LUNGREN asked and was given punctuated by sheer barbarism. continue. As soon as this amendment is
permission to revise and extend his re- Mr. Chairman, I do not believe that finished-and the Members know this-
marks.) every nonsocialist government is en- the committee will rise at that particu-
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will tirely good or that every socialist gov- lar time, and then we will bring the legis-
the gentleman yield? ernment is entirely bad., But, at the same lation up next week.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE fl 1201
March 8, 1979
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will Mr. LUNGREN. I thank the Chair, than we will be recognizing our friends
Mr. Chairman, If President Carter's on Taiwan if we do not pass this
the gentleman yield?
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Yes, certainly China policy the china some as ysrious tesome amen ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, will
I yield to the chairman of the com- ,playing yie mittee. commentators have characterized it, Mr. theMge Y. of 1Florida. I yield to the
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I do Carter would be better advised to take up
not know to whom the gentleman was dominoes. That game has more to do gentleman from Wisconsin.
referring when he said we "goof off" with his foreign policy than any form o' mMr. ZA LOCK . I thank the gentle-
for yielding.
here. Maybe the gentleman knows. But I poker. if not Mr. Chairman, I am sure the gentle-
have been working Monday through Fri- In summary, this measure, man from Florida Chairman, (Mr. YOUNG) does not
day every week and everyday since the amended, presents us with two unpalat- mten to mislead Mthe r members of the
96th Congress convened. If th egentle- able paths. I. for one, reject the two intend toe, our colleagues, as to the
man has "goofed off," I have not. paths presented to us as a fait accompli United e o having udiplomatic es as rela-
may YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Chairman, by a shallow and disorganized adminis- UUnit with States h h. in do not have ela-
may I ask the gentleman, how much time tration. I will support this legislation tions with Cuba. We have
the House spend in session yester- only if it is improved to provide for a to stic atic, the Embassy of
day? continued American governmental pre- interest relations tions Switzerland section wt avana and the Embassy f
Mr. ZABLOCKI. The gentleman knows sense in Taiwan. To do less is to delude have an interest Havana vana Cubans
the answer as well as I do. the international community, our allies have an n er in section and the
h
snot So the
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Why, cer- and ourselves. Embassy here wrong when he sn. that.
tainly. How much did the House spend in Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Chair- gentleman is ys that.
Y want to reclaim time, Chairman,
session the day before that? man, I move to strike the requisite mum- Mr. YOUNG of Florida. h when he
I
have
Mr. O'NEILL. Mr. Chairman, will the ber of words, and I rise in support of the know the gentleman will not letbecause
gentleman yield? amendment. ension because I would not let him
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Yes, I yield to Mr. Chairman, I really had not in- kan nt extxtnsbate.
id not say that we have diplomatic
the Speaker of the House. . tended to get into this debate until we doff
relations d d wish CI said our oo i
Mr. O'NEILL. Mr. Chairman, I feel saw the direction it had started to take. I
that I have a responsibility to answer I just want to get,my 2 cents worth in, tion with Cuba.
be a said o level than will the question asked by the gentleman. I and there are some who think that is all ti wCuba with llbe at if higher level not pass
do not think the House is "goofing off" at it is worth-2 cents. it will be we do
CHment meat.
- The question is on
all. The gentleman knows the way and But I look around the world and % amendment-
the manner in which we have set up the notice that it is changing. I think may- the amendments offered by the gentle-
scheduling. be we are responsible for a lot of the man from Indiana (Mr. QUAYLE).
The scheduling is so set up that the changes. One of the changes that we see
divi-
committees will be able to do their work right here in our own hemisphere, for The lion (demand question ed was s take.en; and on QUAYLE) a divi-
and so that we will be able to have at example, is the Russian Mig-23's they wore-ayes 4d, noes 66.
some time, probably 2 or 3 weeks from are sending down to Cuba as well as the ,noes En VOTE
now, full schedules everyday. But this Russian troops and Russian pilots there,
has always been the case, and customar- and we see Cuban troops all over Africa. Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Chairman, I de-
fly we are just following the normal pro- ' And who knows where else the Cuban mand a recorded vote.
cedure in that we are trying to get as involvement is being felt id an attempt A recorded vote was ordered.
much legislative work done in the com- to subvert the free world to communism The vote was taken by electronic de-
mittees as we can, and when we are or to Soviet influence? vice, and there were-ayes 172, noes 181,
working in the committees, it is Impos- Mr. Chairman, I say to my distin- not voting 79, as follows:
sible to schedule the legislation on the guished colleagues in this House that if 81
we do not agree to this amendment here [RolAYl No. . 2 2
l -172
r
.
o
fl
o
eve
l
will enjoy a higher
b
C
a
u
tonight;
Y am sure the gentleman from Mary- land agrees with that because I have of recognition by the United States than
heard him make that statement many the 18 million people on Taiwan who
times. have been our friends for such a long
Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Chairman, I agree time.
with the Speaker. I always agree with Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, will the
the Speaker of the House. gentleman yield?
Mr. O'NEILL. Not always, but perhaps Mr. YOUNG of Florida. I am happy to
in this respect he does. yield to the gentleman from New York.
Mr. Chairman, I hope that answers the Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Chairman, I will ask
question. I feel that I cannot let that the gentleman, does he know how many
statement go unchallenged, the remark Russian troops are on the Chinese
that we are "goofing off," because we are border?
not "goofing off." The sooner we vote on Mr. YOUNG of Florida. I do not know
this amendment, the sooner the Mem- exactly. Can the gentleman tell me?
hers will be able to catch their planes. Mr. WOLFF. Yes, I can. There are
The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman about a million troops on the Chinese
from Florida (Mr. YOUNG) object to the border right now, and let me say that we
request of the gentleman from Wiscon- are not playing the "Chinese card" or
sin (Mr. ZABLOCKI) that all debate on anything like that, but if there is any-
these amendments end at 6:35? thing that is going to stop the Soviets
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. I object, Mr. from their moves around the world, it
Chairman. may be the Chinese in that particular
The-CHAIRMAN. Objection is heard. area.
1835
There is now pending a unanimous- [1
consent request for 1 additional minute Mr. YOUNG of Florida. I would say to
by the gentleman from California (Mr. my friend, the gentleman from New
LUNGREN). York, that I am not talking about the
Is there objection to the request of the Soviet troops. I am talking about the
gentleman
roxies for
Thee was from objection. a? CCubans. ubans have been involved agpis that the
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from the Russians in many parts of the world.
California (Mr. LUNGREN) is recognized What we are fixing to do, we are prepar-
Ing to recognize Cuba at a higher level
for 1 additional minute.
Anthony
DDunc a an, o na. KKi eases
Applegate
Emery
Kramer
Archer
English
Lagomarsino
BadSasai,kain,
ErErdahl dahi n
Leach, La.
Leath, Tex.
Bailey
Evans, Del.
Lederer
Barnard
Fish
Lent
Bauman
Forsythe
Levitas
R.I.
Beard
Fountain
Lewis
,
ter
B
nzel
Fre
n
Livingston
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Bethune
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Liv
Biaggi
Gilman
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Long,
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Ohio
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Goodling
Lungren
Bunton
GGradn
ramm
McC n ld
Campbell
Grassley
McEwen
Carney
Grisham
Marlenee
Carter
G gerorn
Marriott
Clausen
Hall, Tex.
Mathis
his
Cleveland
Hemmer-
Mat
Mill
o
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Clinger
schmidt
er, m
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Colima Tex.
x ncen
Moore
Conte
Harsha
Moorhead,
Corcoran
Hightower
Calif.
Coughlin
Coughlin
Hinson
Hollenbeck
Mottl
Murphy, Pa.
Daniel, Dan
Holt
n
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Ho
Myers, Ind.
Ps
Mye
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Dannemeyer W
ne
ma
Hopk
on
Da
Howard
Nichols
Davis, Mich.
Hyde
Nowak
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Deckard
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e
t
Derw
Dickinson
Jeffries
Paul
Donnelly
Kazan
Pickle
Dornan
Kelly
Quayle
Dougherty
Kemp
Regula
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 Approved For Release 2008/10/27: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100050013-8
IHI12 2
Rinaldo
Shumway
Taylor
Ritter
Shuster
Thomas
Roberts
Smith, Nebr.
Trible
Robinson
Snows
Vander Jagt
Roe
Snyder
Walker
Roth
Solomon
Wampler
Rudd
Spence
Watkins
Runnels
Stangeland
Whittaker
Santini
Stanton
Whitten
Satterfield
Stenholm
Wilson. Bob
Sawyer
Stockman
Wyatt
Schulze
Stump
Wydler
Sebelius
Symms
Yatron
Sensenbrenner Synar
Young, Fla.
Shelby Tauke
Zeferetti
NOES-181
Addabbo Fisher
Murtha
Albosta Fithian
Natcher
Alexander Florio
Neal
Ambro Foley
Nedzi
Anderson, Ford, Mich.
Nolan
Calif. Ford, Tenn.
Oakar
Andrews, N.C. Fowler
Oberstar
Annunzio Garcia
Ottinger
Ashley Gaydos
Patten
Aspin Gephardt
Pease
Atkinson Giaimo
Perkins
AuCoin Ginn
Peyser
Barnes Gray
Preyer
Bedell Green
Price
Beilenson Guarini
Pritchard
Benjamin Gudger
Ran el
Bennett Hall, Ohio
Ratchford
Bevel Hamilton
Reuss
Bingham Hanley
Rhodes
Blanchard Harkin
Richmond
Boggs Harris
Rodino
Boland Hawkins
Rosenthal
Boner Heckler
Russo
Bonior Hefner
Sabo
Honker Heftel
Seiberling
Bowen Hubbard
Shannon
Brademas Hughes
Sharp
Brodhead Ireland
Simon
Brooks Jenkins
Skelton
Broomfield Jenrette
Slack
Buchanan Johnson, Colo.
Smith, Iowa
Burlison Jones, Okla.
Solarz
Burton, John Jones, Tenn.
Spellman
Burton, Phillip Kastenmeier
St Germain
Carr Kogovsek
Stack
Cavanaugh Kostmayer
Staggers
Chisholm Leach, Iowa
Stark
Clay Lehman
Steed
Coelho Leland
Stewart
Collins, Ill. Lowry
Stratton
Cotter Luken
'
Studds
D
Amours McCloskey
Swift
Danielson McHugh
Thompson
Davis, S.C. Maguire
Ullman
Derrick Markey
Vanik
Dicks Marks
Vento
Dixon Matsui
Volkmer
Dodd Mavroules
Walgren
Downey Mazzoli
Waxman
Drinan Mikulski
Weaver
Duncan, Oreg. Mikva
Whitehurst
Eckhardt Miller, Calif.
Whitley
Edgar Mineta
Wilson, Tex.
Ertel Minish
Wirth
Evans, Ind. Mitchell, Md;
Wolff, N.Y.
Fary Moakley
F
Wolpe, Mich.
ascell Moffett
Wright
Fazio Mollohan
Yates
Fenwick Moorhead, Pa.
Young, Mo.
Ferraro Murphy, Ill.
Zablocki
Findley Murphy, N.Y.
NOT VOTING-79
Abdnor Flood
Pashayan
Anderson, M. Fuqua
Patterson
Andrews, Gibbons
Pepper
N. Dak. Gonzalez
Pursell
Ashbrook Gore
Quillen
Baldus Hillis
Rahall
Beard, Tenn. Holland
Railsback
Boiling Horton
Rose
Breaux Huckaby
Rostenkowski
Brown, Calif. Hutto
Rousselot
Broyhill Jeffords
Roybal
Chappell Johnson, Calif.
Scheuer
Conable Jones, N.C.
Schroeder
Conyers Lapalce
Stokes
Corman Latta
Traxler
Crane, Daniel Lee
,
Treen
Crane, Philip Long
Md.
Udall
de is Garza Lundine
Van Deerlin
Delluma McCormack
Weiss
Devine McDade
White
Diggs McKay
Di
Williams, Mont.
ngell McKinney
Williams. Ohio
Early Madigan
Wilson, C. H.
Edwards, Ala. Mica
Winn
Edwards, Calif. Michel
Wylie
Evans, Ga. Mitchell, N.Y.
Young, Alaska
Flippo Obey
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a- HOUSE March 8, 1979
^ 1855
The Clerk announced the following
pairs:
On this vote :
Mr. White for, with Mr. McCormack
against.
Mr. Breaux for, with Mr. Rahall against.
Mr. Abdnor for, with Mr. Fuqua against.
Mr. Ashbrook for, with Mr. LaFalce
against.
Mr. Michel for, with Mr. Pepper against.
Mr. Quillen for, with Mr. Williams of
Montana against.
Mr. Rousselot for, with Mr. de la Garza
against.
Mr. Wylie for, with Mr. Weiss against.
Mr. Latta for, with Mr. Charles H. Wilson
of California against.
Mr. Beard of Tennessee for, with IIr.
Flood against.
Mr. Conable for, with Mr. Stokes against.
Mr. Daniel B. Crane for, with Mr. Diggs
against.
. Mr. Philip M. Crane for, with Mr. Dellums
against.
Mr. Devine for, with Mr. Early against.
Mr. Horton for, with Mr. Corman against.
Mr. McDade for, with Mr. Traxler against.
Mr. Mitchell of New York for, with Mr.
Roybal against.
Mr. Young of Alaska for, with Mr.
Rostenkowski against.
So the amendments were rejected.
The result of the vote was announced
as above recorded.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Chairman, I move
that the Commitee do now rise.
The motion was agreed to.
Accordingly the Committee rose; and
the Speaker having resumed the Chair,
Mr. DANIELSON, Chairman of the Com-
mittee of the Whole House on the state
of the Union, reported that that Com-
mittee, having had under consideration
the bill H.R. 2479, to help maintain
peace, security and stability in the
Western Pacific and to promote con-
tinued extensive, close, and friendly re-
lations between the people of the United
States and the people on Taiwan, had
come to no resolution thereon.
GENERAL LEAVE
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that all Members
may have 5 legislative days in which to
revise and extend their remarks on the
bill and any amendments considered to-
day to the bill, H.R. 2479, and to include
extraneous matter.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Wis-
consin?
There was no objection.
FURTHER LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM
(Mr. ZABLOCKI asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute.)
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, I under-
stand that this legislation will be
scheduled Tuesday next as the first order
of business.
The SPEAKER. There is no business
scheduled for Monday, so we will take
up this bill as the first item of business
on Tuesday.
CREATING INTERNATIONAL DEVEL-
OPMENT COOPERATION ADMINIS-
TRATION-MESSAGE FROM THE
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED
STATES (H. DOC. NO. 96-70)
The SPEAKER laid before the House
the following message from the President
of the United States; which was read
and referred to the Committee on For-
eign Affairs and ordered to be printed:
To the Congress of the United States:
As required by Title III of the Inter-
national Development and Food Assist-
ance Act of 1978, I am writing to inform
you of the steps I have taken and pro-
pose to take to strengthen the coordina-
tion of U.S. economic policies affecting
developing countries.
I propose to create an International
Development Cooperation Administra-
tiorl (IDCA) as an independent agency
within the executive branch. The IDCA ,.
Director would report both to me and to
the Secretary of State, and would serve
as our principal. internatlonal develop-
ment advisor. The Director would re-
ceive guidance concerning the foreign
policy of the U.S. from the Secretary of
State. He would submit his budget to
the Office of Management and Budget
after consulting with the Secretary.
The principal responsibilities of the
IDCA Director would be to ensure that
the varied instruments by which the
U.S. contributes to development abroad
are utilized effectively and in concert,
and that the efforts of U.S. bilateral
programs and those of the multilateral
development institutions are comple-
mentary. To carry out those responsibili-
ties, the IDCA Director would establish
and control the budgets and policies of
IDCA's several component agencies, and
make recommendations to me concern-
ing the appointment and removal of sen-
ior officials of each component. IDCA
would contain:
-The Agency for International De- '
velopment.
-The Overseas Private Investment
Corporation, of whose Board of Di-
rectors the IDCA Director would be-
come Chairman.
-A new Institute for Technological
Cooperation designed to promote
scientific and technological research
in the developing countries, which
I have proposed through legislative
amendment.
In addition:
-Lead responsibility for policy and
budget for our voluntary contribu-
tions to the following international
organizations will be transferred to
IDCA: UN Development Program;
UNICEF; OAS Technical Assistance
Funds; ? UN Capital Development
Fund; UN Educational and Train-
ing Program for Southern Africa;
UN/FAO World Food Program;
FAO Post Harvest Losses Fund;
and UN Disaster Relief Organiza-
tion.
-Existing arrangements with regard
to the multilateral development
banks (MDBs) would be modified
so that the Secretary of the Treas-
ury will consult with the IDCA Di-
rector in the selection of candidates
for the U.S. Executive Director and
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