INTERNET

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 23, 2007
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: October 29, 1982
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
 Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
dIA 1'. 49-
The ability to relay signals in real time will considerably increase
our ability to deal with crises. During the recent Falkland Islands crisis,
for example, it was necessary to move monitors, editors and teletypists
from Panama Bureau to Asuncion. Had we had INTERNET, we could simply
have moved as much of .the signal as we wished from Asuncion to Panama.
Coordination
The concept of INTERNET was well received by the DD/S$T in an
extensive briefing presented by FBIS early in 1982. The DD/S$T as a
result included the network concept in his guidance to D/FBIS on the
FY-84 budget submission. The program was consequently included in the
FBIS Modernization Plan and a five year funding profile developed. The
plan includes equipment and personnel costs.
Because INTERNET involves communications, we have carried out
extensive coordination and consultation with the Agency's Office of
Communications. D/OC has indicated to the Comptroller and FBIS that
he concurs with the planning steps taken and the need for INTERNET.
The name INTERNET was developed to avoid confusion with OC activities
in the congressional budget hearings.
A considerable amount of coordination has also been carried out with.
other agencies, specifically NSA and State. The NSA director of communi-
cations was briefed by FBIS and endorsed INTERNET. A series of meetings
have been held with various State Department officials, including the
under secretary for administration, the director of communications, the
Chief of INR, and various legal officers. FBIS has agreed to keep State
communications and legal officers informed of the progress of INTERNET.
Extensive liaison with foreign PTT's and U.S. military organizations
will be necessary as the program evolves. In many cases assistance will
be necessary to file appropriate forms and applications through both U.S.
and foreign channels.
Preliminary System Description
INTERNET will operate through a communications system with send and
receive earth terminals at each individual bureau. These terminals will
transmit to and, receive signals from a.satellite servicing the area. A
particular bureau will transmit a signal to a satellite which will relay
it back to earth where it will be recovered by the recipient bureau or
Headquarters.
There are many technical details to be worked out. We must acquire
the appropriate capacity on the satellites in question (two will be
needed to connect all the bureaus -- one over the Atlantic and one over
the Indian Ocean). We must define the size and character of the earth
terminals, identify the location of a control terminal, and develop
a protocol by which the network will operate. The size and character
2
A 1 !STKt Tr; - IN ' ERNAL USE ONLY
Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
 r,..nea.venmrnAIr0;? FT_.M' V:lj :!F"' f. ,1;i "
Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
0 ?
of the earth terminals will affect the amount of bandwidth that can be
handled. The minimum requirement is a full time voice grade circuit to
and from each bureau. Such a circuit will support the output of a
receiver, a real time conversation between two individuals, multiple
teletype channels or combinations of the above. Variables are the
transmit power, modulation (FM, AM, digital) methods, and antenna size
to ensure adequate quality of. the signals.
Location of the earth terminal antennas will determine the
permissible size and therefore system performance. Location on
embassy grounds would be advantageous because the cost for the
satellite rental would thereby be at U.S. domestic rates which
typically are a factor of three less than foreign rates. While
this is highly desirable it is not essential to the concept, and it
is understood that some embassies simply cannot support antenna instal-
lations. Other options include acquiring separate land, collocating
with host country earth terminal facilities, current FBIS antenna
sites, etc..
Network protocol must be clearly established. One site's full
utilization of the system in terms of data rate might preempt others.
To avoid this we could rent more capacity on the space vehicle or
increase antenna size. Present estimates are that this will not pose
a major problem, and we should be able to move all the data we wish in
real time.
We have contracted with Collins/Rockwell to study these issues.
Technical parameters, tradeoff options, cost/schedule alternatives are
being analyzed by Collins/Rockwell, an organization well experienced in
satellite communications. The study will be carried out in FY-83 to
provide a system definition for implementation beginning in FY-84.
Program Schedule
INTERNET has passed from the conceptual stage, through the initial
coordination phases, and now is in the definition area. To this end
it has been included in the FBIS Modernization Plan, incorporated in
the FY 84-88 budget planning, and is the subject of continuous
reevaluation as events unfold. At the current stage of planning the
following is the projected schedule:
9/82 - 8/83 Definition study/analysis.
9/82------- Liaison/coordination with State/NSA/others.
12/82 - 7/83 Field surveys of potential sites.
4/83------- Coordination and formal application to
foreign entities.
11/83 - 10/84 First phase implementation of INTERNET system
(Procurement of equipment for selected sites)
ADM N!STRAT!VE - RNTERNAL USE OL'D'
Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
 Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
~7t-10JSSii CS~~?: S8'i, 5... ~'. i3:+.. vCa l7
11/83 - 6/84 Aquisition of communications satellite lease.
6/84 - 6/85 Testing and initial operating capability (selected
bureaus and relay station/node).
10/85 - 10/86 Additional bureaus equipped with earth terminals.
Expanded interbureau ops and staffing complete.
10/86 - 10/87 Initiation of remote system hardware development,
targeting, and planning.
Final phase of INTERNET implementation. (Final
bureaus equipped)
10/87------- Ongoing operations finalized.
Establishment of field organization and rotational
aspects.
Procurement of maintenance equipment and spares -
determine life cycle/replacement schedule.
The need to phase INTERNET implementation is driven by several factors
but the two most important are (1) realistic budget expectations and (2) the
perceived difficulties in dealing with foreign entities. Additionally a
phased approach lends itself to installing the terminals first in the
areas or locations of least resistance and allowing the most difficult
sites to be dealt with last, thereby providing the maximum time for
foreign entity coordination.
Planned Actions
As part of the definition analysis now underway, Collins/Rockwell
will survey various potential sites. As a result of these surveys,
Collins/Rockwell will recommend. terminal equipment of minimum cost and
physical size but with performance. levels needed for reliable communi-
cations. Collins/Rockwell will also provide a report along with
accompanying documentation describing the frequency coordination
within each particular country. The procedures to be followed shall be
documented. Details of solutions to interference problems shall be
documented in detail.
We will soon be asking selected bureaus to brief embassy officials
and request permission for a survey team to visit. .In.some cases, the
proposed site may well be the embassy itself and in others it will not.
In all cases Headquarters will be.requesting the bureaus to identify the
local government officials responsible for frequency allocations,
appropriate local construction contractors, and carry out such other
liaison as may be necessary. One of the tasks of the survey team will
be to identify the necessary forms to file and the procedures to follow
to establish an earth terminal. Bureau officers will be involved
AMP' 111STRA T - I" 'ERHAt USE U 111Y
Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
 Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6
'I ~ .,, 1 t: 11 :0
throughout the survey and will participate in'all Collins/Rockwell
meetings with embassy and local officials.
FBIS Headquarters will maintain a constant dialogue with State
and the military commands here at Washington in order to ensure their
continuing support. Outside the government, Engineering Division will
of necessity work closely with whichever contractor is selected to
implement the INTERNET system. In addition, FBIS will have to develop
working relations with INTELSAT (the international consortium that owns
and operates the satellites themselves) and COMSAT (the U.S. representative
to INTELSAT).
FBIS will have to recruit and train a technical staff that can
maintain and operate the various INTERNET-terminals. As currently
envisioned the control terminal will be manned around the clock and
also be the location of an emergency maintenance team. This team will
be on call to service any malfunction. Each terminal should be manned
by an operations officer after the initial activation phase. These
positions are included in the budget for INTERNET.
The realization of INTERNET will have considerable effect on
field operations. Some of the benefits are the capability for
remote operations, teleconferencing and interbureau work load sharing.
Other benefits will undoubtedly become apparent as the system evolves.
Production Group has suggested a system of geographically distributed
PMUs which would use INTERNET to reduce delivery time of printed news
media. Other suggestions are welcome from all bureaus as INTERNET
evolves and its capabilities become apparent.
S T
2112jila. Pt
Approved For Release 2007/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00024R000400270011-6