SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT ARKHAROV, V. I. - ARKHAROV, V. I.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000102110006-0
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 6, 2000
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

S-S .... ..
~S. :4 of moke ected as (n th;z -g abstr. witit
ltnlod,by x-ray diffractlon. "t c rtain In6tirs of
th, pattern wrfr noted and other lines were present. the
peAttit agreement wai oboorml bttwern smoke W:lcles
ImndMnOsudMnOj. No other oxides wen found.
D. -Q&L~

, ---
. -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . - -
-1~7 I - eu Z- , . - I - -1
I - - lriwiq~ - -.. - -
tl!fl f~jjja a 'A---
-~, Fl- --I, I ) T I tl~ dift- w " " mw t.n. 1---l ~
~ -

Ir-2611norm" t, A a6diUms 6t tanitmon on frmtjd dif-
-and T_ V". CW"Uht T-dy p *-:IMF
R.. A~-ak_. 11 '. mc,
21 -it '1 115
Thmry of the nmt ,I h, . i I
m.rizesi. Red its prest.,tt..n. .,,e 'I"I'd i" 't
WP 7nO*. A; Into por, ~ " k,i dl- - i
wi h o.mt-,i 7% sh rh, wy,r is xaoi,i ah,,
'4th . -In Tbe (I,?-
belng etched .
luskm front of Al into j rv Cu Is cither miatmin or sit
1.11)
iniltntrd, blit Its diffusinit into Cu,%b alloys shows
larfe
wedliell grain Wittlearipm obich inctea." ~ th the gm,,
size, tmit btxvmc smalle. witil higher 81, concrts -
thou,"i
the wid' ,h of the difluslor, zone gnwwy front 22 J, for
pure ~:tj
to 458 . for the allrry coatti~ 4.72% Sh. The 13 1 tattive
of Cu is expanded by larger Sb atoms thus riving Ax
diflusion. In low-% all,,cq; Sb conens inddr M thr miwv
and at the boundaries di brci,,%r ni Its homphilk priiii-
crUes. and the mte of d.flurdon is greater &I' :, along
irmiti
bouaftries, showing Itself in wedges penetrating along it
at c
boundaries far ahftd of the av. fmnt. In 1111-F It
n on
qat"p the wedgi IF t is le3s prorours"A acrount i
ronouncrd &Idecl ce but the thickneas N
th7d,:9".X. t.", I. M'a"ter here 1). Gat_
44

ARXROOV, V.I.; GOLODSHTEYN. T.Yu.
Iffect of small admixtures on the dissociation process of super-
saturated solid solutions. Trudy Inst. fis, met. no.11:104-113
150- (solutions SW;raaturated) (KM 1018)
bissociation)
(Metallography)

USWPtOWics - Austenite 11 Feb 50
Steel
"Connection Between the Crystal Lattice
Parameter
(Gftting Spacing) of Austenite and the
Beginning of
Xtrtensite Conversion in Iroa and Carbon
Alloys,"
V. 1. Arkharov, Inst of Phys of Metals,
Ural Affil-
late,Acad Sci USSR
"Dok Ak Nauk SSSR" Vol LXX, No 5, pp
833-836
Sadovskiy and Yakutovich first
discovered that, at
temperature of beginning martensite
conversion in
all carbon steels, grating spacing of
austenite is
identical no matter what the carbon
content. This
critical value of grating spacing was
found to be
M 165T56
USS/Physics - Austenite (Contd) 11 Feb 50
3-60T A. Arkharov theorizes that this is
fundamen-
tall.y due to moa-tensite I a
coefficient: of thermal ex-
pansion being substantially less (2-2.5
times) than
that for austenite. If changes in
grating spacing
Of martensite lattice are extrapolated
to high tem-
peratures, it can be established that
difference of
dlWnals of lattice cells JoInIn in
conversion is
higher at high temperatures and
decreases with cool-
Ing. Beginning of martensite conversion
can be
Iij*ed with attainment of a critical
value by this
difference. Submitted 8 Dec 49 by Acad
1. P. Bardin;
'M-. I- 165T56

Ry\- )A hi~ ovj V
PHASE X TREASURE ISLAND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REPORT AID 655 - X'
BOOK Call No.: AP501905
Author: ARKHAROV, V. I.
Full Title: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY OF THE HARDENING OF STEEL
Transliterated Title: Kristallografiya zakalki stali
PUBLISHING DATA
Originating Agency: None
Publishing House: State Scientific and Technical Publishing
House of
Literature on Ferrous and Nonferrous Me,'Callurgy
Date: 1951 No. pp.: 144 No. of copies: 5,000
Editorial Staff
Appraiser: Volovik, B. Ye., Prof., Doe.
PURPOSE AND EVALUATION: This book is intended for scientific
workers
and engineers engaged in the field of metallography and heat
treat-
ment of metals. The presentation of the subject is descriptive
with-
out bringing experimental data. A number of diagrams shou in a
geo-
metrical form the different combinations of transformation from a
face-centered cubic lattice of gamma-phase of austenite to a body
centered cubic lattice of alpha-phase in martensite as suggested
by
0. V. Kurdyumov and supplemented by the author's own remarks.
Among
many books which discuss problems and theories connected with the
crystallography of the austenite to martensite transformation,
the
Y4

Kri8tallografiya zakalki stali
AiD 655 - X
Table
of
Contents
Page
Preface

3
Ch.
1
Crystalline Structure of Metals
and their Alloys

2
Ch.
2
Elements of Structural Analysis
1
Ch.
3
Structural Elements of
Steel, their Microscopic

and Roentgenographic Characteristics
42
Ch.
4
Mechanism of Recrystallization
55
Ch.
5
Roentgenographic
Projection of the Regularity in

the Lattice Rearrangement in the
Process of Hardening
73
Ch.
6
Crystal-Geometric Picture of an
Ordered Transfor-

mation of Austenite into the 0(-phase in the

Process of Hardening
96
Ch.
7
Dimensional Relationships at a
Diffusionless Ordered

Transformation of Austenite into
Martensite
100
Ch.
8
Grain Structure of Hardened Steel
112
Ch.
9
Changes in the Crystalline Structure of Hardened

Steel during
Tempering
127
Ch.
10
The Principle of Orientational Dimensional
Relation-

ships during the S~tructural Changes in Crystalline

Bodies
1~3
Literat

ure
1 2

3/4

AbUM4"MAW I I T * A. *
Basic concepts of the theory of phase transformations
in solid bodies.
Izvest. Akad. Wank S.S.S.R., Otdal Tekh. Nauk 151,
1744-51.
(CA 47 no.14:6729 133) (KLRA 4:11)

CX
Sw"t Im "onis at ark"fatle"al GR4 dimeasloatal Came
fola"M Ii ale, ptar"OsIlle, tylittidwriou" of fibbloniff in
09*1 v I ' "! I vivil. A W. N4 it & S S S K .
.iwr I is. is. b"r! --All villcut itiall Otmile 141 (111.1 ill
file
atitilinhe latlk* t e strumurv which will fcirrit tit A
diffusillan-freir transformittkut. It Is shown that The thermal
r1la"4011 CWff of to "
W 6 11111ril tilliAllirf then
The vowtb aml shallecif marterisitir
t'fY%t4f% is ditivilsaril, S. I'a6wer

HOWIW Cal Abstracits
July 19
Properties of Metals
17'
on of Adw IN nalbalk.
8, 1 ) Wit- fw~'-
R. ' 2 Variations
7
... P - 4111:111"W.
in the distribution o Ag In MAV-0'89~.A' n. have been
studied. Shoot' speolitions measuring IQ x W x I rem.
were hold at the tomp, of max. solubility of A
11 (1180' a)
for 2 hr., quenched lit wator, thou Immomd n 250 ox.
" regia at 2W-25' C, for 5 min. 1 durinf this Period a
surface kyor 2-5 x, 10-6 om. thick was rernoym corresponding
to a lose In weight of 0.6 ing. (surfate aft - 11,2 ems~
After remaybig the specimen fkam the acid, wulting, Lad dry.
Ing, the cycle of themial and thetti. treatmenta %%s r"Uted
80 OMM, thii weight being determined before and after
.each etching. There was no,chango in *vight during heat.
treattuent I tit$ total IOU In weight was 50-5 mg. Tit* same
pottion ofatebant was Used each time, the resulting WAL Wng
evAporateia to dryness "4 tht waidsio (1) anal)-sed Apectro.
graphically. lit control experintentv, i spocinteri licat-tftsted
OgRa rtg1d at 2V V. (1044 111 ~1%lt '. 50 24,113)l slid 60 Mo.
pute Pt mad 0-2a m pure. V were w ve lit another
portion ofdold (M).
to dryness and ititalys6d. A 5-amp, D.C. arc between Hilger
pure 0 cloctrofk& 2-tum. givp, and 2-mia. expmuro ivere
used. The Intensities of flut Ag lities (33SM and 3480-7 A.)
relative to those of Pt (3004-1. 29210-s, aiio !(Z9.4 A.) ivoro
lea
for U and M thaii for 1. abouing that In the quenched alloy
the concentration of Ag in tho atirface lajors in grvatur titan
Itamean concentration, ie. there lit litoitivo Werital admirp.
tbut. To confirm title, 2-5 g. filingit (0-0-41 nun.) ofthe alloy,
heated at 118010, for 40 mlij. own quout-hed, urro given a
single etch lit aqua regia for 5 min., 60 mg. being dimolvixI.
Analysis of the auln. again gavo mort- intoitso Ag litim than
in tile CIL% Of tho "twl w1n.-O. V~ J.." T.

USSR/Engineering - Tools, Spark Cutting 1
Jun 51
U"uses of Improvement in'Durability of
Cutting
Tools Due to Electric Spark Working," V.
1. Ar-
kharov, Z. P. Kichigina, A. A.
Spiridonov, Inst
Phys of Metals, Ural Affiliate, Acad Sci
USSR,
and Ural Polytech Inst
"Wr Ak Nauk SSSR" Vol LXMIII, No 4, pp
673-6T6
Several assumptions on subject are as
follows:
Residual wustenite formed in the surface
layer'.
of steel. is additionally alloyed with
certain
elements from electrode material and from
sur-
rounding medil=, e.g., with nitrogen from
air.
Mis cau;--es hI.gher stability of
austenite and
164T41
USSR/Engineering - Tools, Spark Cutting
IJun 51
(Contd)
hampers its decompa at elevated temp
during cut-
ting process. Due to these features of
austen-
ite, martensitee, result of
transformation of aus-
tenite during cutting, has hardness
higher than
that of martensite obtained by ordinary
heat
treatment of steel, of which cutting tool
is made.
Mw-re is definite connection between
conditions
of cutting process and conditions of
spark work-
iug on the tool. Conducted expts to study
influ-
ence of cutting conditions on durability
of tool
strengthened by elec spark working.
Submitted
by Acad I. P. Ba-rdin 9 Apr 51
184T41
C>
I

------- ____
ARKHAROV9 V. I.
Width of zones-of inter-orystallite internal adsorption; Criticism; S.
M. Vinarov.
Reply; V. I. Arkharov
Zhur. tekh. fiz. 22 No..29 February 1952 1
SO: MLRA. August 1952.

0! SWRIt (Jr--tali ()I I,-L--
~'~ - . I....: ~- N-omllO~ " .[;! -7~v
M. - - -7~-
-.- - 44'a-1 &.111 . ol - A, -4-- 1 lp
., --/,6, -,,~

EISSR/Metals - Titanium, Oxidation Apr 52
On the Role of Nitrogen in the Process of
High-
Temperature Oxidation of Titanium in the
Air," V. I.
Arkharov,' G. P. Luchkin, Inst of the
Phys of Metals,
"Ural Affiliate, Acad Sci USSR
~
"Dok Ak Wauk SSSR" Vol LXXXIII, Nu 6, pp
837-839
Describes X-ray expts explaining vhy
oxidation of
titanium at temp over 1,1500 in the air
is more
intensive than oxidation in oxygen.
Precision measuze
ments of lattice consts of basic oxide
phase in
titanium scale, rutile, revealed
difference in their.
values for these 2 cases of oxidation due
to factcyr
that 1: o~- thu ale enters rutile
la-ttice in forr, of
3 Sub
triva-Le nt ic;nc !I,- zubstituting for
02- ionc.
ardin 18 Feb 52.
223T49

V. i.; VNISh.-AA) A. Z.MiAVL.'-VA, FI.O.; CHUFtj?(;~, 1. ;.
2. U~;3R (600)
4. (aldes
7. Reduction of i"tures of magne-LIc ferric oxide wita nickelo-us
oxide and cobaltous
oXi(le. 1)01~1. Ali L'L3~~,( 87, No. 1) 1952
1 0
9. Monthly List of Russian Accessions, Library of Congress,
iebruar,. __ 1953. Unclassified.

fti-onrA w_?A~ n&1-1. In tbg metal taustry.,
-
,
F
"
W
tt
kh
S
S
R
S

es -
v
.
a
a
47
114 O.
.
.,
er.
&__IRtOv._
.
).-The ponibilitics and limitatiorm of the
TTFNR053
IIlawl applications of x-ray attalysis are critically evalu-
10 111

tc 1. 1 cittol. and quant, analysis of phases and col ms..
itt 4 1)
i
S

I If Ins.; (2) tcitore and crystallite orientat
0 so
so
on; (3)

site and shape of crystals. (4) tensions and elastic
strains
types). (5) Allah.sis of fine struclum. Rild Iloncefull.

rharactedStics'. (0) Inwic situcture: (7) Microu"Alysis.

The qua).
and quant 91TON'SiS 15 linliteft by MI". SMIN. Of

V-q
jillase necessary for itIctitiheat6ott: for example. 1% Co,
it a Co + WC2 "tech. mist. is obstrVable
but after sill.

,
tering only 10% Co can In %letected. Ali error In rotten.
dew. (from parAmeter changes) can vary. for example, by'
t6t
C
d 0
r Ctt
\i
Th
l
ti
A
22% f
f
0
04

u au
.
t
.
e
aws
o
.
or
lra
g
%
of strains of the 3rd kind Wcvialloits of atom Ixtsitimis
front the tiCKICS of all Ideal lattice) as a function of trillil.

AV
1111111 stress is vrt~' fruitful ill the Miltiv of %oheryst.
strue-
"le, retrallsitiolk StsitcS near Order grottilingt, etc. The
4

11j; practical allpli"6011% of X-r y allalvKk Rrv Coll-
11110

sidercil as pfoinisisig: (A) study of wrial

alid
surface-active Invinirities, doidrilie litiointimim, movaic

structure atld add1vt., illivroltial 11, colltellt): (11) Itut
and

cold Intel%. trealolvilt nil-I hl'isintlellev oll %irtsclure
noll

Stribis; (C) SlAilly of (1tv nging of Hiloy q. (D)
illfluriltv 1A
,
Ri 11

tighokpCed (11ttilig)
(in int-tal sirnewre:
clitting (C-sliechl
(F.) study of tv1#10,6 Ilm(tvtive ctuitim,%: (V) rowtol of
YeV ya"~C pmr4ler nietalfittgY
rettactnrieq.
V

Mst&jjUrgj=a'Abst.
Vol. 21
May 1954
Properties Of Metals
41 no. A7.'.
DI U414 0 M=
amf4h
and u. D.
'-Akdd Neal 477 IMS, W MW
UR-W,
.'Xling of single crystals of A] between 100', 400', 500',
or'
C. and 180 0. (by quenching) reaulta in changes in the
-jorm of the L*ue spot& on X-ray-diftrattion
photogii-aphs.
ts
ts on erpW3 of decreasing din. show the beginning
!of hwiges In the spots at an increasing numb" of cyclok
f hW4
th lostb Astle
-8 that the X-My chang" result from Fil
h I.'
tio
d Ion Induced by temp. gradients. It Is concluded
fatigue Is caused by tr,% giradients and that,
t8 of the fatigue depends Mosaic stnicture.
Vthe. 031
b the U.S. National ~ience Foundation
M.P.
N
A

1. V. 1. ARMAROV, S. G. IGNAT I EVA, IU D. KOWNOV
2. USSR (600)
4. Aluminum
7. origin of aluminous minerals in bauxitic rocks. Dokl. AN
SSSR 88 no. 3.
1953.
9. Monthl List of Russian Accessions, Library of Congress,
APKII ---'1953, Uncl.

I V* ID
USSR/Metallurgy - Ironp Diffusion
Mar 53
"Frontal Diffusion in Commercial Iron," V.I. Arkharov, K.A.
Yefremova, S.I.
Ivanovskayat A.K. Shtolits, B.A. Yunikov; Inst of the Phys
of Metals, Ural
Affil, Acad Sci USSR
DAN SSSRI, Vol 89, No 2, pp 269-270
Studies diffusion of number of elements, such as Nis Fdt C%
Cr, into Fe and
effect of admixts on diffusion rate. In case of Cr and Al,
diffusion zone is
uniform in width and has even front line. But in diffusion
of Nis Pd, and Gas
front of diffusion zone had protuberancess showing tendency
of element to
prefer diffusion along intercryst boundaries. This tendency
is shown to lesser
extent when Fe has small contents of Ti. Nb, Mo and B.
Diffusion of Ag in
alloy of Fe with Pd is also discussed. Several
photomicrographs are given.
Presented by Aced I.P. Bardin 12 Jan 53.
Yet. 3,1J04
Source #264T50

KWNO-V, V. 1.

etallurgicaLl Abst.

vol. 21 May .1954
Propertieu of 1jetala

Vr4l. 3, a - +
too the Eft"t 01 DgrJAW Dinolved Esmizis on 04 7
ot1w
00.011 Allver Into Po
1. Ivanovskam at,
4W. Nauk B.6..N.B.. Av.1j, DIVY, I n littissiani
1116 effoots Ott the doffusion of Ag of the pmwam of high
Iooncentrations of Be, Sh, or Fo in the giiin hounilarip., j)f
Cu (even though the overAll oonoentr&tion f t1to addo.
elements il low) were studied motallographivally. Bo
retards the diffusion in the grain boundaries, but th; effect
is masked by the diffusion within the grains, and the diffusion
zone is smaller than that for pure Cu. Bb and Fo Romlorate
diffusion and cause penetration along the grain houndarica.
which is more intense in the cam of Fe. Theeffectsol'yarying
mixtures of the three addn. clements were studied. and It wAs

Shown that in all taw one of the elements had a predominant
effect. (Translated by the U.S. National Soience Foundation
(NSF-tr-68)).-D. hL P.
z;'
Allo;e

Chus In the lattice parameter of
d ntercrystallthe interrill, a ". lit
11. N~ N ~qtltva y. DoNady Akad._*1+._V
RElty,
ratiMMIlon iswed its If.$. -
Atomic Ettergy.Conj.. NSM"t-1991i, 15 pp.(1953)).-I ntercryst.
Internal adsorUtion (IIA) lit polycryst. alloys of Cu contil.
Sb, Be. and Ile was studied by measuring the lattice const.
as a function of grain size, Cu-Sb alloys in the coarse-
gra!ned state have a larger lattice cowst. thait lit the fitte-
ed state. The results show that the concu. of Sli
n the gralus decreases with reduction In rrain size.
When the total Vol, of U16 Intercryst. transition zones In
creasell the amt. of Sti in the.% zones incren4". Thus Sb
In Cu Iuv; pos. IIA. With Cu-De alloys the chauge lit lat
tice'const. with grala ske Is oppo4tc to that lit C'ttSb alloys.
Since Be reduces the lattice const. of Ot, Ile in Cu .1190 has
IIA. The IlAof Ite In Cu cannot be obscrved directly
use of the small effect of 117c an the lattice const. of Cu.
=
The pm. IIA of Fe In Cu was demonstrated by use of Icrtiary
u of c la
alloys. The thickness of the intcrcryst. transition zonesi
was estd. at 3504M A. for the various alloys. D. 'T, C. I
A

I. AIMP, ARMY, V.T._; VA'R';KOYI B.N.; S1,'OMYAK()V3 N.v
2. TTSSR (6oo)
4. Alloys
7. Causes of the effect of small dissolved additions on the
kinetics of alloy aging,
V.T. Arkharov,, B.N. Varskoy) N.N. Skorniakov, Dokl. AN SSSR 89
no. 6, 1953. Inst
Of Physics of Metals, Ural Affiliate, Acad Sci USc;?!. ~ /Llo3_4
Investigates acceleratinC effect of Sb oil li'llif- of Cii-Ar:
alloys and sirdlar
effect of Ag and Zn oil RE111C process in Al-base !I"' Gil-alloy.
Concluder, that acceler-
ation of afaiV, process in all cases is attri-buted to internal
adsorition of small
additions. X-ray method for studyine ch,111Les in alloy-; was used
in invcsti_f~ations.
Presented by Acad I.P.2ardin 12 Jan 53. 259T20
9. Monthly List of Russian Accessions, Library of Congress, APRIL
1953. Unclassified.

t3-. ths Neirbl. 11 0.- -
I I -
I
f -
-
I
. j ~
, , , "o , ~

-1
Vonnturcrptafte Intemol 4domtkn Ln ptityl: AM&
n
"Ild molutims. V, 1,
AtItharov. - Pudy Isis$. Fi2* Ifew.,
-

Tv. 4 -25(Mrk) -H6
I . 16
4W. Nqui STrM UW-
W.

111trIM that te"d I mnulAte preferentialiv it tht inter.

tTvst
Itunuil,vt rmt M mmit,i *,IW -ir.. ~?. Octurti as
Y'
th- ttA.lt
--urnutal tt khe cIv.taffit't

~tr 'I,
mall I e I,- th- tile wtild Av t,
'mm 1 ~'P..

a,*, sn'"Ut, k. the mtc,"yst enr~ at elc,at~l ternpi up to

,he w-Av at th tInnP Upon slow cooling. these Orments
at
k
h
'tj
dtffli,k im,, the but dtiring f~m cotil
ni: t
ey

Or' 'j
'll'tpi-tti intheinterffi~at --ticass"p phamandwivilro-
'

I hi, 1,vha~i- eltriam- ~h F sir-3s
duce a brittle nit-uctur,

a parruti) alenticid in analYitx anti
miu-stmetwr may,
f

iff'" in tn~t' pmpe'tws ftnd fm --h phr..-nenu
d

w5 1-mpel broticrtz" %C 1 4 13tLk, . m.n' f'.~(wrr of
It"], ;nrc l2bar n 1,1 of cwhalc It- t 0"l. told -At1woort

'1~r
h'-pthe-
-ftill
C dnla -
-, H
Al
i
d

t
.P
T
an
ng ~
g
ac
3'. gi~"' X. Raawatun
7

FD 359
USSR/Physics Activation Energy
Card 1/1
Author Arkharov, V. 1.
Title Clarification of the concept of "activation energy" and
"elementary
act" for the solid state of substances
Periodical Zhur. tekh. fiz. 24, 375-387, Mar 1954
Abstract Attempts to give more accurate expression to
characteristics of
molecular-kinetic processes in solid phase. Considers a greater
accuracy as indispensable for analysis of such processes in which
temperature dependence of reaction rate may be represented on
semi-
log graph by a straight line.
Institution
Submitted June 23, 1953

USSR/Ketals Iron scale texture
Card 1/1 Pub. 153 - 9/18
FD-439
Author Arkharov, V. I.; Blankova, Ye. B.; and Simonovao M.
1.
Title Texture of iron i6ale. VI: Variations in texture
when the air is
replaced by atmospheres of lowered oxygen pressure
Periodical Zhur. tekh. fiz. 24, 677-685, Apr 1954
Abstract Investigate the structural changes in the iron
scale for initial
oxidation in air, for water vapor, and for the cases where
the
air is replaced by a water vapor-hydrogen atmosphere and
by a
pure hydrogen atmosphere respectively.
Institution : -
Submitted z June 27, 1953

USSR/Physics Decomposition of Ag and Cu FD-901
Card 1,11 Pub. 153-lo/26
Author : Arkharov, V. L and Polikarpova, I. P.
Title : Effect of small admiytures of iron on decomposition
of super
saturated solid solutions of silver in copper
Periodical : Zhur. tekh. fiz. 24, 1244-1246, Jul 1954
Abstract A small admixture of iron accelerates the
decomposition of a
solid solution of Ag and Cu. This effect is particularly
strong
at temperatures of 400 to 5000 with short, exposure;
thereafter
the effect levels out. Taking Into consideration that the
pres-
ence of Fe does not affect the solubility of Ag and Cu. the
authors assume that the accelerating effect of Fe admixture on
the decomposition of the solid Ag-Cu solution is caused by in-
ternal adsorption. Seven references.
Institution
Submitted December 15, 1953
)NJOV)I'k~- -

--USSR/Physics-i~~--Soltbility--of -Ag-_CU-ARkfiAftOv~ FD-902
Card 1/1 Pub 153-11/26
Author Arkharov,, V. Lp Vangegeym, S. D.., YAgat, L. M. and
Polikarpova, L P.
Title Solubility of silver and copper in presence of smal2
admixtures of
beryllium or iron
Periodical : Zhur. tekh. fiz. 24, 1247-1253, Jul 1954
Abstract : Study lattice parameters of solid solutions of various
cmposition
using x-ray techniques. Reuults confirm former assumptions on
the mechanism governing the effect of admixtures on kinetics of
aging. Kinetics are based on inteftal, adsorption of admixtures.
Five references Arkharov et al. Tables; graphs.
Institution.
Submitted December 15, 1953

*Dtdumon cq SlIver tnto Irtl)
Adq~rpiuon 0 ftHadiujt AllDyj &nd I.t#,",
-r- - T
PMac" "D VR, - T-ArkhAro~ &n,,
"il-1v Ahid V." .1
kr

d,,t.
ow

A I I -- ., .
, . I I I

Category: USSR B-9
Abs Jour: Zh--Kh, No 3, 1957, 7559
Author : Arkharov, V. 1. and Mardeshev, S.
Inst : Not given
Title : Radiographic I.,vesiigation of Active Diffusion in
the Cu-S System
Orig Pub: Fiz. Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 1955, Vol 1, No
2, 273-280
Abstract: The reaction between Cu and S vapors in vacuum at
ZO-6000 has
been investigated radiographically. Above 3000 the surface of
Cu is covered by a scale consisting of an external dense
layer
of CuS (having a growth structure of the CuS (110) type
parallel
to the external surface of the sample), an intermediate
dense layer
of Gu2S strongly bonded to the CuS layer, and an internal
porous
amorphous layer of Cu2S. A more or less pronounced gap is
formed
between the scale and the Cu surface. The completeness of
the struc-
ture of the external layer decreases as the temperature is
lowered
Card 1/2 -17-

Category: USSR B-9
Abs Jour: Zh--Kh, No 3, 1957, 7560
Author: Arkharov, V. 1. and Mardeshev. S.
Inst Not given
Title Radiographic Investigation of Active Diffusion in the Gu-Se
and Cu-Te Systems
Orig Pub: Fiz. Metallov i Metalloveden.;ye, 1955, Vol 1, No 2,
281-285
Abstract: The products of the reaction between Cu and Se in vacuum at
350-5000 and Cu and Te at 6000 have been investigated radio-
graphically. The reaction products consist of Cu?Se and Cu?Te,
respectively. The layer immediately adjoining the Cu surface
consists of porous randomly oriented crystals, weakly bonded
to the Cu. In isolated regions of this layer there is observed the
development of large needle-like GuZSe (110) and Cu2Te (010)
Card 1/2 _19-

Category: USSR
Abs Jour: Zh--Kh. No 3, 1957, 7560
B-9
cr4/stals perpendicular to the exterior surface of the
sample. It
is shown that the needle-like structure results from the
strongly
anisotropic growth rate of the CuzSe and CuZTe crystals
and the
markedly preponderant diffusion of Cu. The direction of
maxi-
mum growth in Cu2Se is (110) and in Cu2 Te (010). A
comparison
with the results from the investigation of diffusion in
the systems
Cu-0 (Arkharov, V. 1. and Voroshilova, Z. A. , Zh, tekhn.
fiziki,
1935, Vol 5, 1625; Arkharov, V. L and Kichigina, Z. P. ,
Zh.
fiziki, 1948, Vol 18, 215) and Cu-S (see preceding
abstract) shows
that the relative importance of Cu diffusion increases
with increas-
ing atomic weight of the metalloid, whereas the importance
of
metalloid diffusion decreases.
Card 2/2 -20-

ARMOOT, T. 1.
-,., -
More ekbout the concept "Activation energ7n for the
solid state of
matter. 7ix.met. i wetall*ved. 1 no.2:384 155, WaA
9:4)
1. Urallskiy filial Akademii nauk SSSR, Institut
fisiki metallov.
(Introw) (Solids)

USSR/Physical Chemistry - Crystals, B-5
Abst Journal: Referat Zhur - Xhimiya, No 1, 1957) 209
Author: Arkharov, V. I., and Mardeshev) S.
Institution: None
Title: X-Ray Investigation of Reactive Diffusion in Binary
Systems Formed
by Copper with Halogens, Phosphorus, and Silicone
Original
Periodical: Fiz. metallov i netallovedeniye, 1955, Vol 1,
No 3, 510-516
Abstract: None
Card 1/1

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a
f".
1 Z-
-
. A

r' I" U V

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tugs structural studI*X of metatiurgic aid owl
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ImhW
o
b
d
ti
l diff
l
ol

ase
wu6b
an isac
ona
us
m In
ldi
s
pr
pimses. V. 1. Arkhwov and S. Madeshev, Vesiniki

11, No. 8 (Whole No. 122),;

IO-2D(l9B5).-ReYJ*w of existing,materialI on dMuslon in-

solids U related to the
problems of metallurgy (d. CA.:

49. RIM). Results at diffusion studies an systems
of Cu

!with P3 Phases Conti. CJ, Or, 1. 8, Be. Te, P. $1, and Znj

are discussed.
With ha

logens the diltusion of Cu Is mostf

IMPOMIll'the revolt M

ow h 611nifimt
only In theCu-Cl-

syst
hi
em. Thb caused
her halo
s
I
by the lvp Ionk, dimenolont ot the
t
f C
ith 0
8

g
mai
diff
,
ems o
n sys
U w
, or Se. the
.
w
n factor assin Is the dLffu3km of Cu, althou h some 0
l
I
I
I

us
on
SCInt. In 8yetems of Cu with
s skP
or 51 the

AlPfulkleat of both components is Important. The myitwi

Cu-2n b a
special cam of complex nature cauml by nearly

eqt%l diffolvityal both components.
G.M.Kosolapoff

1w

I V 11 1 11 1 w 11

TORM I - =1 ! i
E WIMM19141-IMMA

q - - -
I rml

ARKRAROT, V.I.
ldj* between the mw"- and microscopic "presentation of
d1sistegra-
tits In solid solutings Trudy Ise%, fis-met- 10.16:26-39
155.
(Solutiomv, Solid) (Notallograpbjr) (MA 9:2)

ARIMAROV, V.I.
,_--2-11"11"---'
Clarifying the concepts mActivation energym and
Ollemostary act!
u*4&' in connection with the solid state of matter.
Trao last. '
f1s.met. zo.16:40-52 155. (MIRA 9:2)
(Diffusion) (Physical metallurgy-Termizology)

V. L. and IVANOVSKAYA, S. I.
"Simple method of research on diffusion in solid metals",
appearing in the
"Works of the Institute on the Physics of Hetals, Issue 16,
Collection of Research
Papers on Diffusion and Internal Adsorption in Metals and
Allova",, (Trudy Instituta
Fiziki Hetallov, vyrusk 16, Sbornik Rabot Po losledvantyu
Diffuzii I Vrutrennei
Adsorbtsii V Metallakh I Splavakh), published by Ural Branch of
the AcadwW of Science
USSH) P 53, 1955.

ARKHAROVj. V. I. and YEFREMOVA, K. A.
"Concerning the diffusion front form during the diffusion of nickle
and other
elements in iron and the influence of small admixtures solutioho on
it"$
appearing in the nWorks of the institute oh the Physics of Hetals,,
Issue 16, Collection
of Research Papers on Diffusion and Internal Adsorption in Hetals
and hlloys"~
(Trudy Instituta Fiziki Metallovj, vypusk 16# Sbornik Rabot Po
Issledovaniyu Diffuzii
I Vrutrennei Adsorbtsii V Metallakh I Splavakh), published by Ural
Branch ofthe
Academy of Science USSRO P 560 1955.

~ln .. - ~ - &M -
4 r " --f - - I-,
I - -1 1 1 , T
i:,:, I -- -7" ~, " - ,
"-- -, I -p

*1 . I . - . -
, I

Zfml

ARKHAROV. V. 1. and LUCHKIN, G. P.
nX-ray research on the high-temperature oxidation of titaniwn
and its alloys
with iron", appearing in the "Works of theInstitute on the
Physics of Metals,
Issue 16, Collection of Research Papers on Diffusion and
Internal Adsorption in
Metals and Alloyall, (Trudy Instituta Fiziki Metallov, vypusk
16, Sbornik Rabot. Po
Iseledovaniyu Diffuzii I Vrutrannei Adsorbtaii V Metallakh I
Splavakh), published
by Ural Branch of the Academy of Science USSR, p 101p 1955,

ARXHAROV. V.I.; BOGOSL&VS1IT, V.N.; ZHURAVL19VA, M.G.;
GMJFARCIV. G.I.
-,or
Study of the reduction of iron oxides with graphite.
Ztmr.fis.khim.
29 uo*2:272-279 P 155. (KUU 8:7)
1. Ural'skiy filial Akadeall nmi SSSR, Institut kh1mU I
mtallurgil,
Sverdlovsk* (Reftetion. Chemical) (Iron oxides)

W01,125owmm Wmmmm

, -41C 'k- /7/jqeV V11 t~ f,
tIM/Chemistry - Physical chemistry
Cad 1/1, Fab. 22 - 27/45
.-Authors i Arkharovo V. 1. t anCHardeshey, Sabir'.
Title i Mechanism of reaction diffusion durbig reaction of solid Cu
with certain
gaseous elements
Periodical i Dok. AN SSSR lo3/2, 27 3-276, jul no 1955
Abstract I The meohanism of reaction diffusion was inventigated. in
binary systems
We up of solid Ou and numerous elements (Cl, Br, J, S, Se, To, Po Sit
Zn)
in gaseous phase. The diffusion phenomena observed in various systems
are
described. The origination of texturas in tho layer of diffusion
1'roducts
is explaihed. Seventeen references: 15 USSR imd 2 'USA (1945-1954).
Table.
Institution s Aoad. of So.p USSA, Ural Branch, Inst. of tho Phys. of
Metals
Presented by : Academioian 1. P. Bnrdinj February 28, 1955

V V1 J e
USSR / Diffusion. Sintering. z-6
Abs Jour Ref Zhir - Fizika, No 4, 1957, No 9339
Author Arkharoy V.I. Gerasimov, A.F., Gruzin, P.L.
Inst ~i~ versity USSR
Title Investigation of the Phenomenon of Internal Adsorption on
the Boundary of an Aluminum Silver Alloy with Oxide Film,
Using the Radioactive Isotope Method.
Orig Pub Fiz. metallov i metallovedeniye, 1956, 2, No 2, 294-302
Abstract Plates of the alloy Al -- 0.29% N) containing a small a-
mount of radioactive igot6pe Aki were subjec ted to a
six-hour exposure at 5500 in vacuum, (10-2 -- 1o-3 mm mer-
cury)-to obtain a thin (50 -- 100 A) oxide film, and to
rapid cooling. After this, successive layers 500 -- 600 A
thick were etched away from the specimen (the thickness of
the removed layer was estimated from the decrease in weight
of the specimen), and each layer was etched away in a dif-
Card 1/2

z j _1 /7
Cdtegory: USSR B-9
Abs Jour: Zh--Kh, No 3, 1957, 7558
Author Arkharov, V. 1. and Kozmanov, Yu. D.
Inst Not given
Title On the High Temperature Oxidation of Tungsten
Orig Pub: Fiz. Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 1956, Vol Z, No
2, 361-369
Abstract The phase composition of the scale produced on
tungsten by
oxidation at 500-1350' has been investigated by radiographic
methods. The scale formed in the indicated temperature range
consists of two layers. The outer layer below 1, 0000
consists
of 0( -WO 3, and above 1, 0000, of C-~, -WO3; the inner
layer con-
sists of V -W03' A change in depth of the lattice constants,
ascribed to the formation of anion vacancies is observed in
the
ou%er layer. The change in the structure of the scale with
tempe-
rature, experiments with inert indicators, and the change
in depth
Card 1/2 _15-

us 6,c~ ChqWn. (/6ZLS B-5
Abs Jour IL-f Zhur - J(himiya, No 7, 1957, 22110
Author V- I. Arkharov
Inst :'Not g'Iven
Title About the litter of 3.1). t;erzr1hen: "Concerning
the problcm
of the mechanisia of dif fusion."
Orig Pub Fiz. metallov i metallovedeniye, 1956, 2, No
2, 379
Abstract It is shown that there are very strong
defortnations of the
lattice in the intercrystallina zonez; which cannot
have as
their only effect the formation of a large nwbar of
vacan.-
cLes. 'Rieso defoiwations influence the eneray of th,!
activa-
tion of' the movei,,ient of the atoris on the limits,
which is not
tahan-into account by S.D. Gerzriken.
Card 1/1 -35-

'DV 660~
1951
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shoo
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cov%~, IvPco oe& 0
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,ON t - 01%
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10,5 0 ~Or J\~
\to
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tj.& 'DO 8. 'bl
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k,el 0,4 9P9 'bO
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k,%NO I TIV, V~ 0 t0rtk-o ON)~
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zol . 06 S,0,01, t~,O &ZOTV C,&,Xe 14 O'C-1 Joe
6 Oda \P. T k;to ID- Ckxe
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-7 ~

_'~rl gAAOV V.I.-.,BORISOV, B.S.
Hematite strucluFe in the external layer of iron ocale.
liz.met.
i metallove. 3 no-3:460-467 156. NLRA 10:3)
1. Institut fisiki metallov Urallskogo filiala AN SSSR.
(Iron oxides--Ketallograpby) (Diffusion)

I ~ '~ I.,-- ., -l - :,.- -, - I ---- r~ 11 -ju-
~-*-"
I e, P

I SOV/1 37-58-8-17694
Translation from: Referat-lvnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya,
1958, Nr8, pZ13(USSR)
AUTHORS: Arkharov, V.I. , Moiseyev, A, 1. . Pol ikarpova,
1. P.
T IT LE: An Investigation of the Effect of Small
Quantities of Additives on
the Kinetics of Aging of Alloys (Issledovaniye vliyaniya
malykh
primesey na kinetiku stareniya splavov)
PERIODICAL: V sb. : Issled. po zharoprochn. splavarn. Vol
2, Moscow, AN
SSSR, 1957. pp 92-97
ABSTRACT: Hardness measurements were employed in an
investigation
dealing with the combined accelerating and retarding
effect of
time - rate-affecting additives on the early stages of the
aging
(A) rocess of Cu alloys containing lip to 60/6 of AR, Sb
(up to
0. 5;0,) and Be. (tip to 0. 30/6) served respect ively as
the accelera-
ting and retarding additives. The alloys were prepared from
0
electrolytic Cu (99. 9./o pure), Ag and Sh (both 99. ()/o
pure),
and Be (97. 7/oxure). Following a two hour anneal at a tem-
perature 01 800 ~ and a period of cooling in the turnace,
the
ingots were forged at room temperature, in order to reduce
their thickness from 8 mm to 6mm. and rolled until their
final
-Card 1/3 thickness amounted to 5 mm; they were then
homogenized in a

SOV/1.'7 -58 -8 17694
An Invt.,stigation of the Effect of Small Quantities
(cont. )
charcoal pacl6ng for a period of .50 hrs at a
temperature ot 8000 and were
allowed to cool in air. After a two-hour expot~ure to
780 -7qOo. the spec;-
mens were quenched in ice water. The A was (:arried out
at kf.Oo the
first stage of the process (up to maximum hardness of Ow
allov) retloiring
from 0. 5 to 2 hrs; the total duration of the process
an-iounted to 1-5 hrs.
Every 15 minutes the specimens were taker out of the
turnace ard were
cooled in water, after which their hardness was measured
The a, erage
rate of aging was determined from the curves showing the
hardness as a
function of the A time. 11, was established that the
accelciating and retard-
ing time -rate -affecting additives, present
concurrenfly in a so',-d solution
undergoing decomposition, do not have an additi, e
effect upon tile process of
A. A maximum rate of A was observed in an alloy w-th a
minimum amount
of Be additive (in the presence of Sb): the absoluie
magnitude oi th'. i rate is
greater than the rate of A in an alloy with the same
coiicertralon of Sb but
containing no Be. The absolute magnitude of hardness c)j
allovs contain:ng
both Sb and Be is greater than that of alloys containing
rc addA'N es or only
one of the additives. The strong influence of snia)l
amounts of Sb and Be on
the rate of A is explained by internal adsorptiovi of
SI, avid Be in di-,torted
zones of the junctions of the primary regions with
:ncreased density of Ag
concentration, or in zones of new-phase nuclei with
their surrounding solid
Card 2/3

SOV/1 37-58-8- 17694
An Jnvestigntion of the Effect. of Small Quantities
(cont. )
solution. Owing to adsorptional concentration changes
'In these transitional
zones, the rate of Ag diffusion, which is instrumental
in the expansion of
primary zones of increased densit.y and in further
growth of newly-formed
crystal nuclei of the precipitating phase, is greatly
changed. Bibliography:
18 references.
V. N.
1. Antimony-beryllium-copNr-silver --lloy----
hnalysis 2. Antimony-bery3.lim..-coppor-silver
alloys-4ging
Card 3/3

137-58-6-13316
Translation from: R eferativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya,
1958, Nr 6, p 308 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Arkharov, V. 1. , Borisov, B. S. , Mardeshev, S.
V.
TITLE: Diffusional Self-hardening as a Factor of High-
temperature
Deformation (Diffuzionnyy samonaklep kak faktor vysokotem-
peraturnoy deformatsii)
PERIODICAL: V sb. : Issled. po zharoprochn. splavam. Vol
2, Moscow,
AN SSSR, 1957, pp 120- 124
ABSTRACT: The phenomenon of diffusional self-hardening of
metal was
studied under conditions of high- temperature heating.
Experi-
ments were performed on cylindrical specimens (S) of poly-
crystalline, non-texturized Cu freely suspended in the
center
of an evacuated and sealed ampoule on the bottom of which a
certain amount of fine shavings of CKbrass had been placed.
After heating the container to a temperature of 8500C for
several hours, the S was withdrawn and a "texturogram" of
its surface was taken by means of standard methods. The
result was a sharply defined texture (T) characterized by
the position of the (I 10) plane parallel to the external
surface.
Card 1/2 The appearance of T in the surface layer of the S
is

137-58-6-13316
Diffusional Self -hardening as a Factor (cont.
connected with the process of recrystallization (R) which
clearly indicates that
the surface layer of the S has become hardened, inasmuch as in
their original
condition, prior to the diffusion experiment, the S's were not
hardened. The
appearance of hardening and the R resulting from it are
attributed to the
diffusion of Zn from the gaseous rnediun-i into the surface
layer of Cu. It is
pointed out that directional character of the resulting
stresses is of great im-
portance in this phenomenon (in a plane parallel to the
external surfqce of the
S)-, this is attributable to the radial direction of the
diffusion flow which, in
turn, determines the alignement of the resulting T of R. The
formation of
the T takes place Within a relatively narrow range of
temperatures. It is
assumed that a temperature "threshold" of R exists at low
temperatures
below which no R occurs; also, at exceedingly high
temperatures, R does
not take place. Analogous experiments dealing with the
diffusion of Zn into
single crystals of Cu were also performed. It is established
that, as a
result of the diffusion of Zn from the (Y brass, the single
crystals acquire
polygonal shape, as is apparent from the separation of spots on
Laue diffrac-
tion patterns. Experimental data obtained corroboraiethe theory
on the func-
tion of diffusion in producing lattice distortions. Diffusional
self-hardening
reaches macroscopic proportion only under special conditions
(under high-
temperature plastic deformations); at low-temperature plastic
deformations
its role is almost negligible. 1. Metals--Deformation 2.
Metals--Temperature factors
Card 2/2 3. Metals--Test results

137-58-5-10445
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 5,
p 223 (USSR)
A UTHORS: A. rkha rov, V.I. , Vangengeym, S. D.
TITLE: An Investigation of Internal Intergranular Adsorption iii
Alloys
by Means of the Reversible Changes Occurring in the Lattice
Parameter with Changes in Alloy Grain Size (Issledovaniye
mezhkristallitnoy vnutrenney adsorbtsii v splavakh po obrati-
myrn izmeneniyarn parametra reshetki pri izmenenii velichiny
zerna splava)
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Issled. po zharoprochn. splavam. Vol 2. Moscow,
AN SSSR, 1957, pp 125-130
ABSTRACT: Alloys of Ag with TI. Be, and Zn are investigated. It is
shown that when alloy grain size changes, reversible changes
in lattice spacing occur, indicating the prescnce of intergran-
ular internal adsorption in these alloys.
L.V.
1, Silver alloys--Adsorptive properties 2. U"rystals-Lattices
3. Grains (Metallurgy)-Metaliurgical effects
Card 1/1

137-58-6-12854
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958,
Nr 6, p 239 (USSR)
AUTHORS- Arkharov, V.I., Kozmanov, Yu.D.
TITLE- Some Problems of High -temperature Oxidation of
Tungsten and
Molybdenum and Iron-tungsten and Iron -molybdenum Alloys
(Nekotoryye voprosy vysokotemperaturnogo okisleniya vol'-
frama, molibdena i splavov zheleza s vol'framom i zheleza s
molibdenom)
PERIODICAL: V sb.- Issled. po zharoprochn. splavam. Vol 2.
Moscow, AN
SSSR, 1957, pp 131-134
ABSTRACT: The oxidation of Mo. W, and their alloys with Fe
within the
500-13500C temperature range has been investigated. It is
established that during the oxidation of W the predominant
phe-
'!n~imenon is, the diffusion of 02, whereas during the
oxidation of
fc~lncf Fe-Mo-alloys the diffusion has a two-sided
character:
Fe diffuses toward the surface, 01 toward the interior. At
low
temperatures the oxide scale of Fe and Fe-Mo alloys consists
mainly of oxides of Fe; at high temperatures the scale of
low-
alloy compounds has the same content. The scale of
high-alloy
Card 112 compounds at temperatures of 800-8500C contains
oxides of W

137-58-6-12854
Sorne Problems of High -temperature icont.)
or Mo, also complex oxides, the diffusion in this case has
a one-sided char-
acter. 02 diffuses into the interior. During.the oxidation
of AV, Mo, and
their alloys with Fe the volatility of the oxides effects a
lowering of the heat-
stability(refractorinesslof these metals. Delicate
structural changes in tile
crystalline lattice of W, Mo, and the complex Fe-W? and
FC-Mo oxides ii-lay
considerably change the volatility of the oxide phases.
Modification of tile
structure tinoculation) of the oxide phases is proposed to
improve the re-
fractoriness of these alloys.
G. K.
1. Tungsten alloys-.-Oxidation 2. Molybdentm
alloys-Oxidation 3 . Teave~~al-,ze
Card Z/2

ARKHAROV, V.I.; MOISEYEV, A.I.; POLIKAJMVA, I.P.
Investigating the effect of small additions on kenetics of
aging in alloys. Ise] - po zahropr. splav. 2:92-97 157.
(MIRA 11:2)
(Alloys--Hardening)
(Crystal lattices)

SOV/ 137 - 58-7- 15374
T ran slation from: Referativnyy zhurna I, Metallurgiya,
1958, Nr 7, p206 (USSR)
AUTHORS: A r kh a r gy...Y",,,._ Bogoslovskiy, V.N.,
Borisov, B.S.,
Kichigina, Z.P.
TITLE: Details of Scale Structure and Their Significance
in the Pro-
cess of High-ten-iperature Oxidation of Iron and Steel in
Rela-
tion to the Problem of Heat Stability (Detali struktury
okaliny
i ikh znacheniye v protsesse vysokotemperaturnogo
okisleniya
zheleza i stali v syvazi .9 problemoy zharostoykosti)
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Issled. po zharoprochn. splavarn. Vol
2. Moscow, AN
SSSR, 1957, pp 98-119
ABSTRACT: Review of works on the problems of high
-ternperatu re oxi da -
tion of Fe and steel performed by the diffusion
laboratory of the
Institute of the Physics of Metals, Ural branch, Academy
of
Sciences, USSR, jointly with the chair of solid-body
physics of
the Ural State University. The authors consider the
problem of
increasing the cohesive forces in the lattices of the
oxide
phases and the determination of the relationship between
the
concentration of alloying elements in the metallic phase
and in
the oxides to be of primary importance in the development
of
Card 1/1 heat stability. Bibliography: 23 references. L.
A.
1. Metals--Oxidation 2. Metals--Temperatu-re factz.~rs

I . 1
ARXUR0V,_.j.I.; BORISOV, B.S.; XARDZSnZV. S.Edeceased]
Difftinion self-hardening as a factor of high temperature
deformation.
Isel, po tharopr. splav. 2:120-124 157. (MIRA 11:2)
(Deformations (Mechanics))
(Solutions, Solid)

ARXHAROV, V.I.; TANGIMOLTM, S.D* -
r- Investigating interral intergranular adsorption
in alloys
by- reversible transformation of lattice parameters
with change
of grain size. 1s94. po sharopr. sPlaT. 2!125-130
157*
(MIRA 11:2)
(Solutions, Solid)
(Orystal lattices)

ARKHAROV. JIJ&B0111SOV. B.S.
Texture of iron scale. Part 9. Zlectronographic
investigation
of textures in the hematite layer at varying stages of
iron
oxidation in the air. Fis. met. I metalloved. 4
no.1:76-83 157.
(MLRA 10:6)
1. Institut fisiki metalloy Urallskoj;o filiala
Akademii nauk 83SR.
(Iron Uides--Mstalhgr~phy)
(Electron diffraction examination)

AUTHDRS: Arkharovq V I and Simonova, M*. 1. 126-2-14/30
TITLE: ~_Ont e Ftextiure 0~f iron scale. 1'. Texture of
Wastite (FeO)
Scale'. (0 teksture v zheleznoy okaline'o X. Tekstura v
Vyustitnoy okaline)'.
PERIODICAL: "Fizika Metallov i Metallovedeniyell (Physics of
Metals
wad Metallurgy), Vol.IV, No,21-19579 PP-278-290 (USSR)..
ABSTRACT:In the complex structural picture of multi-layer scale
certain characteristics can be detected which permit
elucidation of the details of the mechanism of high tem-
perature oxidation and one such characteristic is the
texture. In earlier work of the authors of this paper
relating to investigation of the texture of scale, im.-
proved data were obtained of the mechanism of oxidation
of iron (1 and 2) and also of a number of other processes
of reaction diffusion (3 to 7). The textures were inves-
tigated for cases in which the conditions of oxidation
were such that higher oxides could form, namely,*30203 in
the case of oxidation in air and Fe104 in the case of oxi-
dation in steam'. In these cases FeD (mustite) forms as
card 1/5 the internal layer c~of-the scale. For gaining a
better
conception of the mechALAism of oxidation of iron the
authors considered it advisable to study oxidation under

On the texture of iron scale. 1. Texture of Wast VIt- (FeO)
Scale. (Cont'.) 126-2-1 20
conditions when only FeO could form but not Fe203 Or
Fe30 ' Such conditions exist during oxidation of Iron in
'JUosphere with an adequately low partial pressure of
an a
oxygeng particularly in mixtures of*steam with hydrogen
at sufficiently high hydrogeri contents. The aim of the
here-described work was to study the texture in the scale
in the case of oxidation of the iron in a mixture of
water vapour with hydrogen,when the scale consists solely
of FeO, In the experiments Armoo iron specimens of cylin-
drioal shapet-7 mm dial 110 and 30 mm long were used; at
both ends of the.specimen holes were drilled to enable
their suspension. The surface was polished with emery
paper and them the specimens were cleaned in alcohol. The
oxidation was effected inside a vertical tubular electric
furnace. The oxiding atmosphere with a reduced partial
oxygen pressure was obtained by drivi33g hydrogen with a
continuous speed through a saturator with water which was
placed inside the heated thermostat. From there the mix-
Card 2/5 ture of water vapour and hydrogen moved along the
tubeg
which was fitted,with a heater and thermal insulation, and
fed to the lower end of a quartz tubel from which it then

On th,e texture of iron scale. X. Texture of Wustite (FeO)
Scale. (Cont'.) 126-2-14/3o
flowed through the furnace and was led away through the
upper end. The flow speed of thehydrogen was controlled
b means of a rheometer and maintdined constant throughout
M the experiments'. A growth texture was observed under
conditions which exclude the possibility of formation of
higher iron oxides when the oxidation of the m *etallic iron
produces on the surface a singlephase FeO scale. Me crystal-
lographic type of the growth texture of FeO depends.on the
oxidation ability of the medium and the temperature. For
a given temperature,. intensification of the oxidation
e f f e c t of the medium produces successively the following
types of texture: (100)9 (410)9 (210)9 (430)9 (110). For a
given composition of the medium,reduction of the tempera-
ture in the range of 1150 to 900 C brings about an anala-
gous change in the types of textures. The observed correl-
qLtion between the character of the texture and the external
conditions of oxidation are in agreement with the concep-
tion of oxygen adsorption playing a predominan role'. In-
Card 3/5 crease of the quantity of oxygen in the adsorption
layer,
which depends on the speed of feeding oxygen from the ex-
ternal medium and on the slowing down of its removal into

On the texture ofiron scale'. X. Texture of FeO)
Scale'. (Cont'.) &!Ml%~
the ~ -b-od'y of the crystal lattice,leads to. a dis-
placement of the type of texture in the sequence mentioned
above. Thereby speeding up of feeding of oxygen is funda-
mentally linked with an increase of the oxidation ability
(increased oxygen content) of the medium and a slowing-
down of the removal of oxygen into the lattice with de-
creasing temperaturetwhich slows down diffusion into the
. r
solid pha e. For correlating the observed changes in.the
types of texture of the FeO with the change in the magni-
tude of the surface energy of the respective orystallo-
1raphic faces, the authors propose obasideration of the
ensity of filling with atoms of the surface layer (instead
of the reticular lewity of the lattice),determined.au a
packet of planes parallel to the external surface of the
crystal in which the atoms do not screen each other'. It
is thereby assumed that adsorption of oxygen distorts more
those packets which have a regular configuration of atoms
Card 4/5 (the surface energy of which decreases more slowly)
than
p ac k i3 t s of a more complex configuration'. The consequence
of this is a change of the relative magnitude of the sur-
face energy of arystallographically differing faces and a

7V T
AUTHORS: Arkharov,.,V. I. and Vangengeym, S. D. 126-3-7/34
TITLE: investigation of the inter-crystallite internal
adsorption in silver base alloys. (Rentgenograficheakoye
issledovaniye mezhkristallitnoy vnutrenney adsorbtsii
v splavakh na oanove serebra).
PERIODICAL: "Fizika Metallov i Metallovedenlx,e2_11 (PlWsics of
Metals
and Metallurgy), 1957, Vol.4, No. 3, pp. 439-446 (U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT: The reversible changes in the parameter of the lattice
of a solid solution during changes in the Grain size can be
utilised for investigatin6 the inter-crystDllite internal
adsorption in alloys. It is necessary that the coarsening
and the breaking up of &rains is effected alternately on the
same specimen since only in this case can it be ensured that
the change in the lattice parameter is not due to secoL-dary
causes (burning off of an admixture during heat treatment or
liquation non-uniformities in the original ingot). In an
earlier paper the author has utilised this method for
investigating the inter-crystallite internal adsorption of
Sb, Be and Fe in copper and,from measured reversible changes
of the lattice parameters of the alloy during measuring of
oftr4 1/3 the grain size,conclusions were arrived at on the
positive
inter-crystallite internal adsorption of Sb and Be in copper.

.126-3-7/~4
X-ray investigation of the inter-crystallite internal
adsorption in silver base alloys. (Cont.)
In solid solutions containing two or three admixtures inter-
crystallite internal adsorption took place predominantly by
one of them,depending on the ratio of their concentration
in the alloy. It was also found zhat, depending on the
composition of the alloy, the thickness of the inter-
crystallite transient zone varied between 350 and 90U
In this paper X-ray investigations are made of the inter-
crystallite internal adsorption in systems specially sebcted
and an evaluation is made of the width of the intercrystallite
transient zones on the basis of measurement of the lattice
parameter in fine and coarse grain states of 'the alloy. The
experiments were made on the binary systems AG-Tl, Ag-Bej
Ag-Znv AS-Bi and Ag-Pb. Table 1, p.440 lists some of the
characteristics of the components of these systems and
Table 2, pp.441-11111, lists the changes in the lattice
pararaeter
caused by the changes in the grain size. Reversible changes
in the lattice parameter during changes in the grain size
were observed in specially selected silver base alloys
containing various admixtures. The si&n of the changes in
-the lattice parameters indicates positive intercrystallite
internal adsorption of Tl, Be, Zn, Bi and lead in silver.

X-ray investigation of the inter-crystallite internal
adsorption in silver base alloys. (Cont.)
If two of the above enumerated horoptlilic admixtures are
contained in an alloy$ one of them will be subjected to
preferential internal adsorption. For various concentration
ratios of the horophilic-elements in Ag-Tl-Bel thallium
will be subjected to preferential adsorption even if the
concentration of Be is relatively higher.
There are 2 tables and 12 references, 9 of which are Slavic.
SUBMITTED: January 17, 195?.
ASSUCIATION: Chair of Solid Body Physics, Ural State University
imeni A. M. Gorky. (Kafedra Fiziki Tverdogo Tela Ural'skogo
C&M 313 Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta imeni A. M. Gorlkogo).
AVAILABLE: Idbrary of Congress
R
AUTHURS: Arkharov, V. I. and Vangen(Leyms S. D. 126-3-8/34
bi--fh-e--f-a-c-t-o-r-s--In-flueneing internal adsorption in Solid
TITLE: solutions. (K voprosu o faktorakh, VliYaYushchikh na effekt
vnutronney adsorbtaii v tverdykh rastvorakh).
pERIODICAL: "Fizika MetallOv i Metallovedeniyell ics of Metals
and-Met911uT-6Y), 19571 Vol.4' NO 7 ~49, (U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT: According to earlier work of the author (1)9 a stimulus
for internal adsorption is the tendency of the system Of
Vioms forming the solid solution to reduce the excess energy
possessed by structural non-uniformities,by regrouping. A
particular case of internal adsorption is intercrystallite
internal adsorption. If the dissolved component is horophilic
it will lead to an enrichment of the intercrystallite transient.
zones by this component; this enrichment will not exceed a
certain limit and will not in itself lead to the evolution of
a new phase# The experimental material accumulated so far
is inadequate for formulating theoretical horophilitv criteria
in concrete systems of alloys- In the general formulation Ot
the problem it can be assumed that for a small concentration oi
the dissolved component,as compared to the solubility,a factor
favouring adsorption is the larger local distortion in the
Cut 3./2 lattice, i.e. a large deviation of the ratio Of the atomic
radii from Unity- The effect of internal adsorption in a

./- I 1~; r, . ,
T T
..
T
AUTHORS: Arkharov V. I. and Pen'tina, A. A. 126-1-10/40
TITLE: Investigation of the influence of mutual orientation of
crystallites on phenomena taking place in inter-
crystallite groupings. (Isaledovaniye vliyaniya
vzaimnoy oriyentatsii kristallitov na yavleniya,
protekayushchiye v mezhkristallitnykh sochleneniyakh).
II. Influence of the mutual orientation of the
crystallites on the degree of non-uniformity of the
distribution of the concentration of horophilic
admixtures of antimony in copper. (Vliyaniye vzaimnoy
oriyentatsii kristallitov na stepen' neravnomernosti
raspredeleniya kontsentratsii sorofillnoy primesi
surlmy v medi).
PERIODICAL: Fizika Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 1957, Vol.5,
No.1,
pp. 68-73 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Part I of this paper "Technique of Investigating the
Influence of the Or M tation of Neighbouring Crystallites
on Intercrystallite Diffusion" was published in Vol.IV,
No. '31 1957? pp. 536-539 of this journal. The
investigations described in this paper are devoted to
the further development of the conceptions on the effect
Card 1/6 of internal adsorption and distAbution of horophilic
admixtures on the basis of crystallographically differing

12-16-1-10/4-0
Investigation of the influence of mutual orientation of
crystallites
on phenomena takinES place in intercrystallite groupings.
II. Influence of the mutual orientation of the crystallites
on the
degree of non-uniformity of the distribution of the
concentration
of borophilic admixtures of tuitimony in copper.
distribution of horophilic admixtures. Literary data
on -the influence of disorientation of adjacent
crystallites on the boundary enerGy and intercrystallite
diffusion can be summarised thus: it was established that
the "surface enerfSyll is dependent on the mutual orienta-
tion of groupinGocrystal grains for disorientation angles
not exceeding 50 and that thic depondence is character-
ioed by an increase in the excess unei-L~y of the inter-
crystallite zones from zero -to maximum for a specific
value of the disorientation cingle; a dependence was
established of the speed of diffusion along inter-
crystallite boundaries on the disorientatlion anFle of
adjacent Grains; a dependence was established of the
qu,-uitity of separations in ageinG alloys on 68 which
also indicates a chanCM in the diffusion speed urith
changing . The problem f ormulated in this paper was
solved by elucidatingthe quantitative dependence of
Card 3/6 the speed of the metalloGraphically detected inter-

12E-1-10/4-0
InvestiCation of the influence of mutual orientation of
crystallites
on phenomena taking place in intercrystallite groupinGs.
II. Influence of the mutual orientation of the crystallites
on the
degree of non-uniformity of the distribution of the
concentration
of horophilic admixtures of antijaony in copper.
crystallite diffu2ion of the indicator component (Ag)
from the ambience into the alloy (Cu-Sb) wbich contained
a horophilic acbaixture (Sb) on the disorientation of
crystallites grouping along a boundary where diffuvion
was observed. The selection of these three elements was
based on a niunber of factors including the fact that the
assumption of the horophilic nature of Sb relative to
copper was confirmed by a number of experimental results.
The applied technique of investigation has been described
in detail in the previous part of this papor (Ref.1).
The initial materials were of hiGh purity, the copper had
a 99.99% purity the antimony had a purity of 99.97%;
the investigatea Cu-Sb alloy contained 0.25% Sb. The
results are described Euid discusseJ. The established
influence of disorientation of adjacent crystuallites on
the degree of nonuniformity of i,.,.etallograpbically
detected intercrystallite diffusion Provesn that there is
Card 4/6 a nonuniform distribution of the antimony
concentration

126-1-10/40
investigation of the influence of mutual orientation of
crystallites
on phenomena taking place in intercrystallite groupings.
II. Influence of the mutual orientation of the crystallites
on the
degree of non-uniformity of the distribution of the
concentration
of horophilic admixtures of antimony in copper.
along the zones of grain grouping3with differing mutual
orientations. The disorientation of neighbouring grains
also affects the quantity of horophilic admixtures
adsorbed in the microcrystallite transient zone which
groups them together. This nonuniformity of the
internal adsorption along various intercrystallite
boundaries also manifests itself on the nonuniform
diffusion of silver in the Cu-Sb alloy. Due to the
accelerating influence of the antimony,which is dissolved
in the copperion the diffusion of silver in such a solid
solution the nonuniformity of the diffusion of silver in
the solution of Cu. + 0.25% Sb is less 'pronounced than
during diffusion of silver into pure copper where the
nonuniformity is due solely to various magnitudes of
the excess energy and intercrystallite groupings with
various degrees of grain disorientation. The character
of the distortions in the intercrystallite zones, which
Card 5/6 bring about some acceleration of the diffusion of
silver
rull UUU."j. -
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress.
Card 6/6

126-1-39/40
AUTHORS: Arkharov Konev, V. N., Tra-khtenberg, I. Sh.
V.
S. V.
TITLE; Oxidation of chromium in air and in oxygen.
(Okisleniye khroma v vozdukhe i kislorode).
PERIODICAL: Fizika Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 1957, Vol-5, No-1,
pp. 190-191 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: On the basis of experiments of various authors it can be
concluded that the scale on chromium oxided in oxygen
as well as in air consists of rhombohedric Or 20 3*
On the basis of indirect indications the
assumption was expressed of the existence of y-Cr 203
but this has not been established experimentally.
The'influence of the air nitrogen on the process of
oxidation has not been taken into consideration by
previous authors, although in principle such an influence
is possible at elevated temperatures. In other work of
one of the authors (Ref.5) formation of a nitride was
observed on the X-ray diffraction patterns as a result
of nitriding of chromium which was similar to that
interpreted-in earlier work (Ref.4) as a sign of
presence of y-Cr 2030 For getting a more accurate
Card 1/3 picture on the mechknism. of the phenomenon, the authors

Oxidation of chromium in air and in oxygen. 126-1-39/40
investigated the oxidation of chromium in air and in
oxygen. At various temperatures the kinetics of the
scale formation was studied (from the gain in weight of
the specimen) and also the phase composition and the
texture in the layers of the forming scale (by X-ray
diffraction) and the microstructure of the layers.
The specimens of electrolytic chromium were made in the
form of hollow cylinders by a method described in
earlier work (Ref.4). The oxidation in air was effected
in a vertical electric furnace whereby the specimen was
suspended on a tray of an analytical balance located
above the furnace, so that the weight increase could be
determined without removing the specimen from the hot
part of the furnace. Oxidation in oxygen at a pressure
of 160 mm Hg was effected in a closed vertical quartz
tube placed inside a tubular electric furnace; by means
of a special gate the specimen was displaced from the
top, cold part into the hot part without disturbing the
atmosphere,j/4the tube and,after a fixed oxidation time,
the displa as in the opposite direction. 0 Oxidation
in oxygen was effected at 700, 880 and 1000 C; only a
Card 2/3 single phase was observed in the scale. Oxidation in

Oxidation of chromium in air and in oxygen. 126-1-39/40
the room atmosphere was effected at the same temperatures.
The outside appearance of the scale was the same for
both series of specimens. In the X-ray diffraction
patterns an additional diatropic maximilm was observed
from the layer located between the metal and the
outside layer of the rhombbhedric 6romium oxide; the
Debye pattern of this layer is in good agreement with
that obtained for the hexagRnal- Cr,,N and the
diatropic maximum d - 1.37 A also btilongs to Cr2N_
Metallographic investigations confirmed the
presence of two layers in the scale of chromium oxided
in air.
There are 7 references, 4 of which are Slavic.
SUBMITTED: May 29, 1957.
ASSOCIATION: Ural State University imeni A. M. GoAiy.
(Urallskiy Gosudarstvenn~7 Universitet imeni A,M.Gorlkogo),
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress.
Card 3/3

AUTHORS: Arkharov, V. I. and Yesin, V. 0.
12ITLE 0-n-t-he mechanism of reaction diffusion in the systenw,",
Cu-Se, Cu-Te, Ag-Se and AS-Te. (K voprosu o mekhanizme'N..,
reaktsionaoy diffuzii v sistemakh Cu-Se, Cu-Te, As-Se
and Ag-Te).
PERIODICAL: Fizika Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 195?, Vol.5, No.2,
pp, 246-250 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: It was found in earlier work of one of the authors
(Refs.1 and 2) that during reaction diffusion a particular
type of acicular growth texture develops in certain binary
systems of the type metal-gas,which is due to a strongly
pronounced anisotropy of the speed of growth of the
crystals which form chemical compounds, whereby the
diffusion of the metal in the longitudinal direction of
the acicular crystal, through the lattice,to the tip is
of primary importance. The length of the acicules can
reach relatively quicklY 5 to 10 mm with thicknesses of
0.1 to 0.3 mm. For obtaining nore acourate data on the
mechanism of this phenomenon the authors attempted to
determine by X-ray methods the concentration gradient
along large acicular Cu Se crystals under conditions
Card 1/3 similar to those descrNed in earlier work (Refs.1 and 2),