SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT BALANDIN, A. A. - BALANDIN, A. A.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000103210014-9
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: January 3, 2017
• Document Release Date: July 27, 2000
• Sequence Number: 14
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

2o-119-4-27/6o
Iv&novg Pe Ge* Balandin, A. Member, Academy of Sci
AUTHORS: ences,t"
TITLE: On the Thermal Ionization of Hydrogen and Hydrocarbons in the
Presence of Metal Catalysts (0 termiehookoy ionizataii vodoroda
I ugleyodorodov v prioutetvii metallicheskikh katalizatorov)
SSSR,,
PERIODICALt Doklady Akademii Haukiv-1958, Volo 119, Wr 4,
PPo 727 - 730 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The aim of the present work is the direct detection of the
occurrence of charged particles in the gaseous phase in the
presence of metal surfaces with catalytic properties. The con-
atruction of the measuring apparatus is discussed on the- asis
of a schematical dravring. The device was evacuated to lo ~ ma
mercury column before the experiments began. The results obtained
by ionization tests were represented in form of time-tempera-
ture diagrams (the abscissa stands for the time Ir- and the
ordinate for temperature). The more intenne ionization becomes,
the more will the course of the curve extend toward the a-va WA
downwards. A further diagram Illustrates the result: for Ly-drogen
Card 1/4 in the presence of electrodes made from palladium, aluminum and
On the Thermal Ionization of Hydrogen and Hydrocarbons 2o-119-4-27/6o
in the Presence of Metal Catalysts
copper. Accordingly, the number of ions begins to increase
noticeably below looO. It must bebme in mind that -with
an increase of temperature the Ionization of hydrogen de-
pends on the material of the electrodeal it is in all cases
reproducible and reversible. Ionizability can, e.(;. be charac-
terized according to that temperature at which the inverse
discharge velocity amounts to 6o asconde. The lower this amount
t6ot the greater ionizability will be. In palladium electrodes
this tegperature is very low for hydrogens amounting to only
t6oo 90". For palladium and aluminum electrodes it holds that
t6o" 1000 and in the presence of copper electrodes it holds that
t6o" 1350,In a similar manner also the ionization of the vapors
of hydrocarbons of different structure wao studied: H-heptane,
2,214-trimeth.r)- pmtanej- cyclohexane; benzenel decaline, tetra-
line and also cyclic ketonol these experiments were carried out
with different electrodes. In all these cases ionization occurred.
Experiments carried out with hydrocarbons were reproducible
Card 2/4 with the exception of cases with hysteresis, Also in this case
On the Thermal Ionization of Hydrogen and Hydrocarbons 2o-119-4-27/6o
in.the Pressnoe of Metal Catalysts
the ionization observed depends in a high degree on the elec-
trode material and therefore occurs on the surfact of the metal.
Besidesp such an ionization depends on the nature of the gasl and
therefore it occurs on the layer of molecules adsorbed on the
gas. On the electrodes the electrons rapidly enter into the me-
talt and therefore there-is no equilibrium in ionization under
the oonditions described. In tetraline and decaline there may
be a hysteresis bsoause of the presence of a sterio factor-. The
sequence found here is parallel to that, of the catalytic activi-
ty of the metals in hydrogenitation and dehydrogenization. The
phenomenon found here devel#jh within the same intervals of tem-
perature as also the catalytic reactions mentioned. The now
effect proved to.%oxist here is important for catalysis. It is
not taken into account by hitherto developed electron theories,
of catalysis, but this must# without doubt, be done in the case
of a further development of the theory. The investigation is
continued. There are 4 figures, I table and 2 references, now Of
which'are Soviets
Card 3/4
On ths, Thermal Ionization of Hydrogen and Hydrocarborin 2o-li9-4-27/6o
in.the Presence of Metal Catalysts
ASSOCIkTIOH: Moskovekiy goeudaratvennyy universitet im. M. V. Lomonosova
(Moscow State University imeni M. V. Lomonosov)
SUBMITTED: December 269 1957
Card 4/4
SOV/ 20-120--2
AUTHORSI HnIAnAin, k. A.. Member, Academy of Sciences, USSR.
Bogdanovat 0. K., Shcheglova, A. P.
T1TLEt The Production of Isoprene by Catalytic Lehydrogenation
of Isopentenes
(Polucheniye izoprena putem kutaliticheskoy degidrogenizat-
sii izopentenov)
PER10DICILs Doklady Ikademi.i. Nauk BSBR, 1956, Vol, 12o, Nr 2,
pp. 297-300 (USSR)
ABSTRACTs This synthetic production in connection with the polyme-
rization of isoprene and the production of iaoprene-rub-
ber with better properties than natural rubber makes the
method of isoprene production a problem of topical inter
eat. Cheapest and most promising are mineral oil and its
derivatives as raw material. The mineral-oil industry
disposes of considerable supplies of isopentane and iso~
pentenes which can be utilized for the above-mentioned
purpose by the method mentioned,in the title. The con-,
ditione of reaction according to publications (Roferences
1-4) are given. For determining the optimum conditions
Card 1/2 the authors investigated this reaction at different tem-
The Production of Isoprome by Catalytic Dehydrogvriatiu;. JOV20-1120-2-19163
of Iaopentenes
peratures and supply velocities of isopentenes as well
as by different dilution with steam. The results are
given in table 1 and figures 1-5, The beat conditions
for the dehydrogenation of ieopentenes to isoprene aret
temperature 580-62oOC, supply velocity per I liter cata.-
Vat 5000-8000 ml/hour, and dilution with steam I ' 2,~-5,3
(by weight). The catalyst does not need regeneration for
a longer period of time. Experiments of reaults were also
made at 6ooOC and supply velocities of 67oo-72oo ml/liter/
hour as vall aa a 3tca-n dilution of 1 t 3. The results
are given in table 2., Finally the kinetics of the reao-
tion was investigated and a velocity conotant of 4,3
ml/min at 5300C and 12,25 Ml/min at 5900C was determined.
The activation energy of the reaction is equal to 23,3
Koal/mol.
There are 3 figures, 2 tablesand 5 regerences., 1 of
which is Soviet.
ASSOCILTIONt Institut organicheekoy khimii im. N~ D. Zelinskogo
Akademii nauk SSSR (institute of Organic Chemistry imeni
N. D. Zeline kiyJS USSR)
SUBMITTED* March 7, 1958
Card 2/~ 1. leopentones-Dehydrogenation 2, loopentenes-Polymerization
3. Synthetic rubber-Produation 4. Mineral oila-Applicationo
AUTHORS: .,_Jalaa~Ljn, A._A,,-Xember, Academy of SOV/20-120-4-24/67
Sciences, USSRt Sovalova, L. I., Slovokhotova, T. A.
TITLE; Catalytic Transformations of 2-1lethyl-Thiophene Under Steam
Influence (Katalitiche 8ki c prevrashcheniya 2-metiltiofena
pod vliyaniyem parov vody~
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1958, Vol. 120, Nr 4, PP. 775-
778 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Difficulties were bound to occur in connection with the prob-
lem of the applicability of the reaction of the catalytic de-
methylation to the thiophene derivatives because of the spe-
cifio behaviour of the latter on metallic catalysts in the
presence of hydrogen (Refs 6-11) which is known to be a pro-
duct of the said reaction. Ni/Al 20 and Co/Al 0 3 :ere used Re
catalysts. The velocity and the p4ducts of t9e r action of
2-meth,yl-thiophene with water change gradually if its vapors
are allowed to pass above a fresh catalyst (Fig 1, Table 1).
2-mothyl-thlophone separates the mathyl group and in subjected
to a small extent to a ring cleavage. The existence of lateral
methyl, groups rendere the ring system more reactive. During the
Card 1/3 first minutes of the experiment the liquid catalyzed product
Catalytic Transformations of 2-Idethyl-Thiophene BOV/20-120-4-24/67
Under Steam Influence
contains thiophene which vanishes as soon as the velocity of
the gas separation has attained a constant value. The quantity
of C02 first exceeds that of the saturated compounds, vanishes
then, however, together with thiophene. Unsaturated hydrocar-
bons and 1128 occur at temperatures higher than 4000. The co-
catalyst has an effect similar to that of Al. Table 2 shows
the dependence of the composition of the liquid and Z;aseous
products on the temperature, on the quantity of water, and on
the composition of the catalyst in the experiment with methyl-
thiophene. Within 1 hour of heating in hydrogen the consumed
catalyst is restored, unless it had lost its activity com letely
before. A longer heating increases its activity (Table 3~.
Her qfrom it can-be concluded that methyl-thiophene is demethy~_
lated in the reaction In question. The complete cleavage of the
methyl-thiophene molecule which occurs as well may develop with
the participation of either hydrogen or water. The dealkylation
of methyl-thi.ophene thus determined is a model reaction for the
production of thiophene from alkyl.substitukd. The present
Card 2/3 paper in principle shows a poasibi34ty of obtaining accessible
Catalytic Transformations of 2-Mothyl-Thiophons
Under Steam Influence
SOV/20-120-4-24/67
raw material for the synthesis on thiophene basis from sul-
furous mineral 6ile and slate resins (Ref 12). The reaction
can be carried out on a mobile contact mass with a con-
tinuous regeneration of the circulatinj; catalyst. There are
2 figures, 3 tables, and 19 references, 12 of which are Soviet.
SUBMITTED: February 18, 1958
1. Thiophene aldehydea--Catalysis 2. Metal catalysts-Chemical
effects
Card 3/3
21(8), 5M
AUTHORS: Baland cademician. SOY/2o-121-3-28/47
Dobrosel I skaya, N. P. , Mikhayle.,,_u, i. Ye ., Spitsyn, Vikt.I
Academician
TITLE: Rn,dionotive Catalyets (Radio&kt1vnyye katall-.ntory) The
Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Over the Stiphntes of Magnesium
And Sodium(Degidratatslya talklogekennola nad sullfatami
magniya i natriya)
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSOR, 1?1W-0, Vol 121, Nr 3,
pp 495 - 498 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Some recent investigations used the irradiation by y-rays
or neutrons for the influencing of the processes of hetero-
geneous catalysis. In the present paper, however, the catalyst
itself is used as a source ol" the ionizing radiation for the
heterogeneous catalysis of gaseQus substances. This cata-
lyat contained various quantities of the radioactive iso-
tope (0-radiutor). It is assumed that the continuous bo's-
bardment by P-particlea will energetically influence the
processes whichoccur on the bounclary solid body-gas. Theren
Card 1/4 may be also an influence of the radiation on the structure
Radioactive Catalysts. The Dehydration of Cyclo- BOV/2o-121-3-28/47
hexanol Over the Sulphates of Magnesium and Sodium
of the catalyzer (especially a change of the, properties
of its surface ) and a radiation-chemical influence of
radiation on the gaseous reagents even before their
contact with the catalyzer. The object of the investigation
was the catalytic dehydration of cyolohexanol over the
sulphatea of magnesium and sodium, in which the sulphur
was subst1puted by various quantities of radioactive
sulphu* S*7~~. The investigation was carried out by
means of a catalytie apparatus of the flowing type with an
inserted, reactor. This apparatus was placed in a tubular furnace
with automatic feeding. The radioactive preparations MgSO 4
and the measurement of the radioactivity of the catalysts
are then diooussA.No gaseous products were generated by this
reaction. The apparatus did not indicate the presence of
any radioactive contailininta, The more non-radioactive
sodium sulphate in added to the maenesium zul,,)htkte , the
more does catalytic activity decrease. Also an"...-.,xas soiium
sulphate is a catalyzer for tiie dehydr%tion of cyclohexanol,
Card 2/4 although it is rather leso active than mnt;nesium sulphate.
R' d1oactive Catalysts. The Dehydration of Cyclo- SOV/2*-121-3-28/47
h:xanol Over the Sulphates of Magnesium and Sodium
The degree Aof the conversion of oycloheianol into
cyclohexene increases with an increase of the radioactivity
of thqcatalyst, but these increases are not proportional
which respect to one another. The Arrhenius (Arrenius)
equation, can be applied to the cases discussed in this
paper. The paper showed experimentally that the radio-
active radiation.of the catalyst has an influence on cata-
lytic activi.ty and on activation energy. Finally, come
possible explanations of the results of this paper art
discussed. The discussed phenomena are a completely now
effect of simultaneous action of the electrons and active
centers of the catalyst. It may be assumed that the P-
particles act upon the catalytically active centers which
had adsorbed cyclohexanol molecules. The P-particles
diminish the activation energy of the dehydrhtian of
cyclohexanol. InvestigLtions are being continued. There
ara 4 figureep I tabie, and 8 referencea, 5 of which are
Soviet.
Card 3/4
Radioactive Catalysts.. The Dehydration of Cycle- SOV/'2*-121-3-28/47
hexanol Over the Sulphates of Magnesium and Sodium
ASSOCIATION: Mogkovskiy gosudaretvennyy univeraitet im.U.V.Lorionosova
(Moscow State Univernity itieni M.V.Lomonooov)
Institut fizicheskoy khinii Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute
of Physical ChemistryAS USSR)
SUBMIJTED: April 23, 1958
Card 4/4
WTHM; Jazarova, N. i4'.,. ~alaniin, A. A,, QCV - 2 01
Member, Academy of_3-c1znrr-s-,U4Sa,_Fj%yd31A# L. Kh.
:.'I T L Catalytic Alkylation of n-butnne by Means of .,thylene at High
remp3raturea and High rressures (Katalitichookoye
alkillrovnniye n-butana etilenom pri vysokikh temperaturoxh
i davlaniyakh)
P,ORICnICALi Lok1ndy Akadwaii nauk 333,41 1958, Vol. 121, Nr 5,
pp. 865-868 (USSR)
ABSTRAM The authors already previously found (Refs 5) that a cata-
lytic alkylation of normal paraffin hydrocarbons by clefino
ible at increased temperatures (450 1, ona incroaned
i:e:Oeu8re (500 atmospheres of excess pressure). This work is a
P
continuation of those referred to above. The tests were
carried out under flow conditions. The equipment, the methods
of both test and analyses have been described already pre-
viously (Ref 1). The results have shown that the reaction re-
ferred to in the title yields a complicated mixture ~f hy4ro-
carbono. The expected hexane fraction (nNilintion p.,..iu