SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT BERG, L.G. - BERG, P. P.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000204910010-4
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 8, 2000
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

DMO, Lev G., Kazan State University
"Qualitative phase gas volumetric analysis"
(Section IV)
report to be submitted for the Second Conference on Clay
Mineralogy and Petrography,
Prague, Czech., 10-17 May 1961-

PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV / 5 917
Berg, Lev Germanovich
Vvedeniye v termografiyu (Introduction to Thern-ography)
Moscow, Izd-vo
AN SSSR, 1961. 367 p. Errata slip inserted. 3500 copies
printed.
Sponsoring Agency: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Kazanskiy filial.
K-himicheskiy
institut imeni A. Ye. Arbuzova.
Resp. Ed.: A. Ye. Arbuzov, Academician; Ed. of Publishing
House: N. G.
Yegorov; Tech. Ed.: G. A. Astaflyeva.
PURPOSE: This book is intended for chemists, physicists,
engineers, min-
eralogists, and other persons interested in the relationship
of heat
effe-7cs to the properties of substances.
COVERAGE: The book is a comprehensive treatise on
thermographic analysis,
the study of phase transformations of substances or systems of
substances
on the basis of thermal effects (including those which take
place under pressure
Card 10

Introduction to Thermography
SOV / 5 917
accompanying these transformations. The book contains
photographs,
drawings, and structural diagrams of thermographic equipment and
thermograms of various- substances, systems, and mixtures of
substances.
Tables of data on the nature of the thermal effects of various
salts and
minerals up to temperatures of 1260* C may be of bpecial
interest, The
author thanks M. L. Blatt for preparing a number of the
illustrations in
this book. There are 1367 references, primarily Soviet.
TABLE OF CONTENTS [Abridged):
Foreword
introduction
3
5
Ch. 1. The Essentials and Method of Thermography 8
CIL II. Apparatus for Thermographic Research
22
Card 2/4

SAIBDVA, M.T.~~. ~I.G. ~
Thermographic phase analysis of some salt miztures.
Uzi, khim.
zhur. no.1:15-22 161. (KM 14:1)
1. Institut khimii AN UsSM i Xhimicheakiy institut
Usanskogo
filiala AN SSSR.
(Salts)

MG, L.G.; ANOSHINA, N.P.
Thermography and gas,*lumstry as a method of phase
analfais of
building and binding materials. Izv.Kazan.fil. AN SSSR.
Ser.khim.nauk no.6sI98~-204 161. (NIRA 16:5)
(Building materials) (Thermal analysis) (Titration)

BERG, t.G.; ANOSHINA, N.P.
Gas volumetric determination of boric acid.
Izv.Kazan.fil.
AN SSSR. Ser.khim.nauk no.6:198-204 161. (NIRA 16:5)
(Boric acid) (Titration)

BERG L G.- BORISOVA, L.A.
Metastable equillbria in the quinary reciprocal system
Na*, Mg**,
If If
Ca** // C039 S04 - H20 at 25'and PC02 - 1 atm.
Izv.Kazan.fil.
Ser.khim.nauk no.6;11.10-217 161. (AURA 116.,4)
(Systems (Chemistry)) (Solubility)

EERGO L.G.; BURMISTROVA, N.P.
Simultaneous recording of electrig conductance on a
thermogram as a
method for determining the solid's line in salt Systems.
Izv.Kazan.-
fil. AN SSSR. Ser.khim.nauk no.6t2L8-221 161. (NMA 16:5)
(Salts-Electric properties) (Phase rule and equilibrium)

EERG, L.G.; SIDOROVA, Ye.fe.
Use of the thermographic method in the determination of
molecular
weights; report No.l. Izv.Kazan.fil. AN SSSR.
Ser.khim.nauk no.6:
222-226 161. (MIRA 1625)
(Thermal analysis) (Molecular weights)

YAGFAROVI M.Sh.; BERGp L.G.
I
Straight-line heating. Izv.Kazan.fil. AN SSSR~
Ser.khim.ro-,L, :-Z%U~
2127-230 t6l.
i., -
(Thermo,~ouplos' (Eleotric ; ~)

P
ACCESSION NR: AR4015649 S/0081/63/000/021/0028/0028
SOURCE: RZh. Khimiya, Abs. 21B159
AUTHOR: Berg, L. G.; Yagfarov, M. Sh.; Gortalova, T. A.
TITLE: A study of the dependence of the thermal characterisitics
of some sub-
stances on temperature
CITED SOURCE: Izv. Kazansk. fil. AN SSSR. Ser. khim. n., no. 6,
ig6i, 231-237
TOPIC TAGS: temperature registration, thermographic temperature
registration,
thermal flux measurement. thermophysical characteristic
measurement, temperature
difference technique, heat capacity measurement, thermal
conductivity measurement
ABSTRACT: The thermographic method for recording heating curves
was used to de-
termine heat capacity, the coefficient of thermal conductivity and
temperature con-
ductivity by measuring differences in thermal fluxes passing
through the experi-
mental substances.and a standard control. The test unit containing
both substances
was heated in a quasi-stationary environment. Cylindrical,
thin-walled, metall-ic
shells were joined by means of a heat insulating material and were
then placed in-
side a cylindrical block, In which a temperature field was created
with a zero
nradient on the exterior surface of the zzylinder. The substance
under investiga-
tord 1/2

ACCESSION NR: AR4015649
tion was placed inside one of these shells,'the other serving as an
air stan'dard.
The temperature field inside the block was measured with the aid of
two differential
thermocouples which recorded temperature differences between the
shells as well
as between the air standard and the block itself. The accuracy of
measurement of
.the thermophysical characteristics was about 0.5% (verified for
A1203 and KCI).
L. Reznitskiy
DATE ACQ: 09Dec63 SUB CODE: CH ENCL: 00
it
Cr.rd 2/2

BERG, L.G.; BUZDQV, K.A.
Synthesis of ferrous carbonate and its thermal
dissociation. Zhur.-
neorr.kbin. ~ no.9:2POI-2008 S '61. (MIRA 14:9)
(Iro'n carbonate) (ThermochemiFtry)

S/02o/61/137/003/024/030
BIOI/B208
AUTHORS: Berg, L. Goo and Borisovat L. A.
TITLE; some relations in quantitAtive thermography
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSRp v. 137, no. 3,
1961, 631-633
TEXT: The authors discuss the comparability of the faces S
measured on
thermographio differential curves in substances with
varying heat trans-
fer coefficient K. K is defined as the sum of all factors
that determine
the heat transfer. It has been proved in Ref. 1 (L. Go
Berf, Tr. I
soveshch. po termografii, Izd. AN SSSR, 1955, str- 59
(Transactions of
the First Conference on Thermographyt Publishing House of
the AS USSR,
1955, P- 59)) that such a comparison is possible if the
faces are reduced
to the same K value: S11 . SIAVI/Atl M. At', At" are the
tempera-
ture differences between substance and furnace. If K
varies during the
phase inversion, its mean value is measured, and Eq. (I)
obtains the form:
311 . SI(6t" + 6tt1)/(6t11 + &t2') (II). The purpose of
the present
1 2
study was the experimental proof of the validity of Eq.
(II). The faces
Card 1/#

S/020/61/137/003/024/'030
Some relations in quantitative B101/B208
were measured, which occur in the thermogram in the
polymorphic conversion
of KNO 3' K was varied by adding substances with different
heat conduc-
tionp with all other conditions including the heat capacity of
the mixture
being kept constant. The curves were recorded on an '311IT-09
(EPP-09)
recording potentiometer whose sensitivity was increased by
reducing the
resistance of the slide wire shunt from 235 to 4.5 ohms. Table
1 gives
the experimental results. The curves of experiments 1, 3, 4,
5, and 8
are presented in Fig. 2. S was reduced to the face of curve 1.
It was
confirmed that the error of quantitative phase analysis is
reduced, arid
the thermal effects of a thermogram with a maximum error of 3%
may be
rendered comparable by this reduction. There are 2 figures, 1
table, and
1 Soviet-bloo reference.
ASSOCIATION: Institut fizicheskoy khimii Akademii nauk SSSR
(Institute
of Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences USSR)
PRESENTED: October 29, 1Q60p by B. A. Arbuzov, Academician
SUBMITTED: October 15, 1960
Card 2/4

4-R0 L G I SAIDOVAj H.T.
Physicochemical studies of some metanine hydrates.
Uzb.khim.
2hur. 6 no.*504-W '62- (MM 15:12)
1. Inotitut khimil AN UzSSR-.
(wrates) (Thermal analysis)

BERrx
., L.G.; BUZDOV, K.A.
Determination of the thermal effects of the reaction
of
P0003 dissociation. Zhur, neorg, khima 7
no.8%1773-1779
Ag t62, (MIRA :L6: 6)
1. gazanskiy gosudaretvannyy universitat imani U11
ova leninaa
(iron earbonate) (Thermal analysiS7 -

MPRG, L.G.; BUZDOV, K.A.
Solid solutions of iron (II) carbonates and marg9nese
(II), iron
(II), and magnesium. Zhur.neorg.khim. 7
no.9:2207-2212 5 162,
(MIRV, 15:9)
1. Kazanskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet imeni
Ullyanova-loc-nina.
(Solutions, Solid)

BERGI L.G.; PJRIBYLOVY K.P,
Gas volumetric investigations at reduced pressures.
Zav.lab. 28
no.7.-828-830 162 (MIRA 15:6)
1. Kazanskiy gosudarstvenny7 universitet im.
V.I.Ullyanova-Unina.
(Volumetric apparatus)

BERG), L.G.; KOVYRZINA, V.P.
Thermodynamics of dissociation of ferrous and manganous
hydroxides.
Zhur.noorg.khim. 8 no.9t2041-2045 S 163. (MA 16:10)

BERG, L.G.; KOVIRZINAI V.P.
Effect of admixtur8a on the dissociation of cadmium
carbonate.
Dokl. AN SSSR 151 no.IM7-119 JI 163. (MIRA 16:9)
1. Khimicheakiy InGtitut im. A.Ye. Arbuzova AN SSSR,
Kazan'.
Predstavleno akademikom A.Ye.Arbuzovym.
(Cadmium carbonate), (Dissociation)

BERG.. L.G.; SIDOROVA, Ye.Ye.; VIASOV, V.V.; SOZIN,
Yu.I.;
-.. ~~Z,lt,: AVVAKUMOVA, K,N.
Cadmium nitrate totrahydrate and the producto of its
dehy--
dration. Zhur. neorg. khim. 9 no.3:538-546 14r 164.
(MIRA 170)
1. Khimicheskiy institut AN SSM i Kazanskiy filial
AN SSSR.

BERG,L.G.,- PRIBY&W, K.F.
Gas-voluemtri-- 1-nvestig-ation of the proceov of
-,'hermal de-
hydration Of ODSOMILe at 'JOVCT'rid pressuros.
Zhu,,. neorg. khim.
9 no.6:1514-1516 Ofi 16-1 (MIRIA
1. Kazan sk i..v go sildcwolv etlm-yy ur, I ver a J
txit..

KRG, L.G.-, YOITYq,",TNA. A.P.
,article by , r, ~ - ~ 'i. ;" - .. 1 - -
I I - w I, -
"I .'r,; f~:-n 1, lial ~ h --, rm,~ 1 nn~~-, , - ~
of Cll,";04.5~120 [1111 reviewed by rz--*nq. Z r.
neorg.
- V , 'h a
khiTn. 8 no.12-2842 D 163. 04IJ-1, 17-,q)

-Bh.-',"Ct) L.-G.,; FRIBYInVI
T
.Ll,e=.al deh70ntiovi of -'r~;G '/,.7"')(1 rL-- 1-44
pre~;Oura!s. - 7,,r . -rY.9 . -u c h e b .
zr,v.; khh). i klilma. tekh. V na.Z:535-539 164.
(I-RA .17:12)
I. Kazansrkty Foawiiir;3Lvcnryy iizi-lvf!,-.Jtt-,t ;.I.
Lt~n~Lnn, hafedra nf.~cri~anlchachv

BERG, 4L
J, I, -jrj,,.,j, 0 V, V. V
'5mi-11 of tle br~twf~en kaclinito5 and sodium
~;;drcx'de.
khAm. i 8 no.2--181-185 165.
(MIRA 18:8)
Kaz~~nokf.y gc.Fid."ratv~:nny- a -e a
y univeralbat imeni Ullyancnv -L nin
kateme. ne cirgrina --.he skcy khimli.

BERGY L.G.; PRIBYLDV, K.P.
Determination of the thormal offeatti of ille"04 .
7i'20 dohydration.
Zhur. neorg. khim. 10 no.6:1419-1422 Ja 165.
(MIRA 18:6)
1. Kazanskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet.

I-447B.-66 EVITWA/PiNt
ACC NRz Ap6o22894
/ETI IJP(,-) JD/AM/X/JWD
ATICHOR: Berg, L. G.; Yasnikova, T. Ye.
..' -I'MMZ=M-
SOURCIE CODE: UP/Oo78/66/011/oo4/0886/0889
ORG: Kazan State University in. V. I. Ullyanov-Lonin (Kazanskiy
gosudarstvennyy
universitet)
TITIB: Thormographic determination of the heats of polymorphic
transformations,-"
SOURM: Zhurnal noorganicheskoy khimiip v. 11, no. 4, 1966p 886-889
TOPIC TAGS: phase transitionp heat of transition, thermogram
A3STIRACT: An experimental study was made to determine the heats
of pol7morphic trans-
formations recorded on various thernograms. The calculation was
carried out by using
the formula
11 = N-S-1
Q2 S2
where Q1 and Q2 are the heats of the phase transformations,, S1
and S2 are the reduced
areas of differential Deaks, and x is a conversion factor. The
chosen substance with
,a known heat,(Of polymorphio trapsformation was KNO3. The
substances studied were
Vk ~
V114Br, NkC1, Ag-NO),, and NIF41NOrA41((which had three different
heats of transfomation),
and the coErFesponding determined directly from the
thermograms,were found

L 4287M6
ACC NR, AP6022894
to be in good agreement with data reported id the literature.
Orig. art. hast 2
. figures, I table, and 4 formulas.
iSUB CODE: 07)z O-um DATE: 16jan65/ OUG REF: 0051 CrTH REF: 005
d
)

ACC NR; AP?006231 (A ) ' '-souns
CoDr~,i-'UR/0078/67/012/001/,)213/0215
AUTHDRI Borg, L. G.; Malkovap T, I.; Favlova, A. K.
OIRGI none
TITLE: The PbTo-PbI2 system
SOURCE: Zhurnal noorganichaskoy khimii, v. 12, no. 1p 1967,
213-215
TOPIC TAGS: lead alloy, tellurium alloy, iodide, load compound
ABSMACT: The PbTe-FbI2 section in the ternary system Pb-To-I2
was studied by dif-
ferentia-1 thormal analysis. The thermograms showed two
distinct and characteristic
endothermic effects. The first effect is at 380-385OC; the
tomporaturo of the second
effect drops from 9170C (malting point of pure PbTe) to 4250C
at 0.5 mole ~ PoTo and
99.5 molo % PbI2. A phase diagram of the PbTo-Fbl2 System U-ig-
1) was plotted from
Fig. 1. Phase AV[
diagram of the
PbTo-Pbl,2 system
Fi~
Pno ey.
Card 1/2 UDC: 541.-423.2

ACC NRi AP7006231
these thermographic data. It is a diagram with a degenerate
outectic. Z-1 order to
detect traces of a liquid phase in the system during heating of the
alloys, a ther-
mogram was rocorded with simultaneous recording of tho eloct'"'ric
conductivity. The
results of differential thermal analysis were checked byx-ray phase
analysis, which
confirmed the -oresence of only two ohases, PbTe and FbI2.
Yeasuramont of the thermal'
er-f showed that all the alloys in the system were of n type.except
i3ura PoTo, which
4-
had a D-~ype conductivity. Honces a gradual addition of FbI2 to
FbTe causes a change
in the conductivity sign (which occurs at 3% PbI2 + 97% FbTo).
Orig. art. has: 5
figures.
SUBB COI)Et 07,20/ SUEM DATES 27Mar-65/ ORIG.REFt 004/ OTH REFS 001
r-,A 2/2

akademik; NIKOLISHY, G.V.., otv. red.; OBAUCIEV,
.9 :uk, otv. red.; GE1LIEI*, S.Yu.,red.;
D.V. doZk-tor~#6I,,,,.,qp
GE'ISMOV, I.P., alcademik, red.; OLIGORIM ', A.A.,
akademik,
red.; KALESIUK, S.V., red.; LINDBEIIG, G.U., red.;
VIARKOV, K.K.,
red.; I-WIMAYEV, red.; MKOLISKAYA, V.V., red.;
PINLOVSKIY,
Ye.N., akademik, red.; 9VEYOVIDOV, A.D., red.;
S.BLIN"t, T.B.,
red. izd-va; TEGOROVA, V.F.,, takhn. red.
[Selected works] lzbrannve trudy. Voskvrl, Izd-vo
Akad. nauk-
SSSR. Vol-5. (General biology) biogeography, and
palooichth-
'vologyyology1ObsY-;haia bioloElici$ biogcoffafiia i
p,,:lc-o-
L
ikhtiologiia. 1962. 513 P. (MIlUi 15:10)
1. Chlen-korrespondent Akaderii nauk SMZ (for
Kalesnik.,
Ilikollski-y 83vetovidov).'
(Biology) (Geo aphical distribution of aninal mid
plants)
FFishes, Fossil)

EERG, L.S. [deceased]!
Reeurring ethnographical subjects. Izv. Kir. fil. Geog.
ob-va
SSSR no.40-14 163. (MIRA 16-12)

F.V., red.; MIG, St. nauchm. L;OtT-., rud.
[I',: at cr I a I s of th I., ,~Cierit It' Ic Te
: ',.,rir)J oi !.I ep.] ConIff, renee
on the i'roblems -in tho of' 1-%chimiry for
1.11owitain Lumbering Campo aul in the Tneronse
Of
Produc t..Iv Ity 3 tm, ato E. 'I, ro y
11,11,mv-11im- tel:lml t: I If-, okui
po Vopro.,111,1 onzdaidin t,c i ror, 11
vysheniin Ili-jidas Krmmcmar,
~O%retskrlla- Ilubaill)" 196-,- -10-1 1).
danipt tek)-nihi (;crnyhb Je,,5t)-u,,oicvok ipt
p't
Izvoditellnocti truday 1(1~(,,. ;~. INclin"'I'Ah
1,,ftvb-,17okr)jrQ 1,111pla
-,o inntituta J eiwirl-- t~kl lesnoy
qjE--.hIenno3tI (for 'Mla~-.arov). '3.
!'~w~rhn,~skly filial 'Iser.t-
ri~Llrogo nnuc hric-11 s,, I ed ova tel I sho~-o
irAlti2ta rekhviuiza-
toli i energetilki 2esnoy pruii-y-shleralof~tj
for

IM, M.
. Ravine regulations for vriting off automobiles as
beyond repair.
Avt.transp, 32 no.6:34 Je ~54. OUJU 7:9)
(Automobiles)

awl-M.,
Revising truck braking-distance tables*
Avt.transp.'j3 noel:
35 Ja155. (MLRA 8:3)
(Automobiles-Drakes)

DMITRIYEV, V., starshiy inzh.; BERG, M., starshiy
inzh.
Seagoing passenger liner with accomodations for 750
people.
Mor.'Llot 24' no.1:31-32 Ja 162. (MIRA 15:1)
1. Gos*udarstvennyy proyel-,tno-konstruktorskiy i
nauchno-issledo-
vatellskiy ins.titut morskogo transporta.
(Merchant ships--Passenger accomodations)

PASTUKHOV, A.;_BER_G.,_._g.
The dry-cargo motorship "Murom.11 Mor. flot. 24
no.11.40
N 164, (MIRA 18:8)
1. Glavnyy spetsialist Gosudarstvennogo
proycktno-konstruktor-
skogo i nauchno-issledovatellskogo instituta morskogo
transporta
(for PastuRbov). 2. Vedushchly konstniktor
Gosudarstvennogo
proyektno-konstruktorskogo i
nauchno-issledovatellskogo instituta
morskogo transporta (for Berg).

GARN R, L.; JOG, M.A. [translator]; SHAMSMM. V.1..
redaktor; VORONIN, K.P,
tekhnichosHy---re-Taktor
(Transistors and their application. Translated fron the
lnglish3
Poluprovodnikovye triody i ikh primenente. Perevod 9
anglUskogo
M.A.Berg. Moskva. Goo. onerg. izd-vo. 1956. 55 P.
(Masnovaia radio-
biblioteka, no.254) (MIRA 10:2)
(Transistors)

Jt C. A".
it. AL 3w.
lk-k-
VP-
I, A IT
f- A. rs"~
la moo
(c An
C--
A. w r"-
L L r-.,..
LU, 3."-
b- A. a--
C---
0, JL fp"~.
& IL it-
L11 SA&M
11.
M, IL
L R a-
rdsawma tw 1,00 omasmaw nmtll4 at tbb polosta" T.6bifti.1
*.I.*, t
be"- U-six-ftO MR XIBD%rlftl OammmlmUaw 20. A. (T=2)#

9.2572, 9,11--510, c) .), 5,110
AUTHORS: Berg, M. A,, Garyalnov, S.
TITIX- SemiCO!I(ILICtor Two-Terminal
Resistance
A.
De,'Ice ~41-,;,i N e C, tv e
PERIODICAL: Radlotelchnilka i elcktrontica, 1960, Vol N:-.

'01 _50~
p _-11 -_ ') (USSR)
p
ABSTRACT!,
A number of papers published in the last few y e a
r- s

deal with problems of multielectrode devices 'with nega-

tive resistance, based on an avalanche-type multuiplication

of
charge carriers in a p-n Junction, to a reverse

voltage is
applied, Since these devices are very

valuable in oscillatory,
amplifying, changeover, and

computer circuits, it is of Interest
to nvest4_gate

simple two-terminal devices having a sectlon of
ne~fative

-e s -1
Istance in their, volt-ampere characteristics_ Ti-,e

simplest
method of copstructIncy sLich a de,,-Ice is
C_

proposed by A.. Reaves, R. W. Cooke (Llor~de Elec-.r.que,

ard l/
6
-22,, 1), describing a poInt ont-act --ermaniu,Ti

Ser-niconduc-.or
T-.-jo-Ter,minal Device
With INTeo-a"'P',e
Resistance

diode with a negative t,eslotance oti the
florT~,'ar,-_i brar"c'JI-1

o ve r,
tile volt-ampere characterlstic The%, ~_izied -i ~s'

,qllre wlt;h
a smiall (Ionor a&A,:ture Tj~(- re;:-_i,

re-ol.stance appeare&
after an electrlc 1 t t or);-

U, F Pe t oThe autho.,,s
i~eproduced 'a ,~ImljZar'

cind f Iscovered a negative -esl~-tance
on bot'h -Ole

forward and r~eturn branch of the volt--_~4.ypmere
el'. a r_'. c t e I, i z~

tlie more stable portion being on I-Jie
retovn

Is pcobal)le that an n-p-n structure ~Ievelope,_-I unJel
"he

contact. Flat and asymmetrical ILI-wo-electrode s~,,sterris

of
P.-i I
p-n az d p-n-p types wei,e investigated by U.S,

ocientists S. L,
Millev ancl J. Bbers Tsee U.S. refj)

Tt,,eve were. however, no
comprehensi.%~e analyses madie

of phenomena leadIng to the
development of nega--i%e

resistance. The authors experimented
with two-electro(Jle

devices of the p--n,-r- type const,ructed by
melting, inlll;rr

Into electronic germanium. The vesuliLs of
thoLe e"~-pcrll-

are given in this paper. The

o~ ac-1-ileving
negative resistance are disc!',ssea.

a-uproximated analytical
expressions 01, the
Card
0

h,~iracterlstie are developed, and .,ome jal-D 0"I the

SemiconductoL,
, -7.., ,
Two-Te!~orriin~A De'vice
With Nef,-.
t Ive
he , I'l t;) r) (! Q Is o v

arc rjvevi. (1) Po,~,Blble
Phy3ic~31 p1'OCc~:,L:,CI

c-st-I ~I I) I Ih! I I C~ of a rlogLlt
iVC CeO 13t- allO I C~C

ov devicco. The

net,-,atLvc L,esistntice
in two-clect.-O(ic send-col;dUct-o-

device!; in:
-AU

-there the minus. before L\u all

of Conductivity of the
clevIce .~iith Lncrez~s-~, c)--:'

rent, D, d a considerable
1-tic"l-ease of 11-he mv-, be- of Cur-

verit cai-iers In the p-n
junctLans (,Due to

lon!,Zatlon Is possible only 111, comb-lif"71
*411.4111, ~--, 1-cseriera-

tiVe 1,)VOOCSS StillUlated by a
positive fee6ba-.~;~ Ln thc

device Thus. two condLICtiVity -We

mich ~~ .,:,IV

onc. C1.3"Wes a C. 01, "CILii ,on., in:~

by t)ie
otrjei~. A s t, I i e s e, c o n cl C 0 111, C e. C ~~ 1e. !
Ie.

C a 1,~d
4" - - -it ioll 0 f, (~ )ID C 'IPC' 1'L, :-1 11 ~, C
I I le rm, ~I I "] 0 1 ~ e- 1

'P!~! I I I DC! v 1 i~e
ve !1'e ;A nce SOV/1
DG T ~3 0 '~ I o DGTse12 point contact Oio,lles:
eoe ~1(2vlces have a otr,ong incvt1LtL nonlItle'.-I.1tv,
pa"amet'(21-s' ot'.cmtly d'opendent Ot, I
on e r 1 4~"hem nse1ess D) the
(2) a second p-n junction, with an inject.-Ion of C_Ul-i,~Ont
ine've"Isinj" v"11,11 the Cul-en",
df_~vice usinir the effe-_-t, ot' Lit,lit, the Sii2ti(- ,,,
, ~ ~_, I,! i j ,-- _~ 1' et -, e3
Slil"'t cuoL'ent of the exLer,~ial soup,
of the p-n Junction at wh1ch the reverse vol t-if'e, 3
applied These conditions can be e3tabilsj!eil In t-he
-hown on Fig . 1 . Th it-,itlal
serr. !conductor 3tructurc as F, 7 - '~ I-
current incvease -In such a system 1:3 achieve6 by t 11 e
use of multiplication Lit the DOlariti, t shown In FLg. 1,
the junctlon 11 1 (further called emitter) il~ shil'ted
'ahile the jUr1CtiO',1 (fUl"uht2l' CL11110,i ~~0_1-
lector) is Shifted in the roverse dlvectlun. A 4D '3
.roll-ago loa-v than the cvi'lc~il U 'It
iun1:';1t-.1o11 twj-'Ins' a cur!'Ollt' of the 0,"110- o" th,~
~.oi
Cal-d V10 lector sLittwation flows thi,ow"11 the p-tl-p

Semiconductor Two-Terminal Device
With Negative Resist;nce

41)

p

Ive U,
IF ig. I p-n-p Type ~Aructure
733
SOV/10-9-5-2-105/20'
_U
Electrons entering from the collector charge the base
ne-gatively, lowering its potential, thus Increasing
the hole current throufh the einitter. Them r,atio of
tile increane of tile full cl-11'rent lu,o the incre~'Ise Of
the r-,*I.eci-r)n current at tile colleCI-o- 11aiction
equil!,.:
Card I_'Vlb

Semiconductor
Two-Terminal Device 7733
With Negative
Resistance
SOV/109-5-2-16/-

~I

where GLO /92 /32 o1c is trans-

pe

mifi3ion
coefficient of laolo,.i from the emitter to th-

I

pe is
emitter effectiven.---...-
collector;
7

Ipe + Ine

131 is coefficient of electron transmission from

collector to emitter (here, CL 1 and
<
13

0
,
and, therefore, CL
> 1); 1
, I
' I
I I

e
ne
nk
pe
Pk

are hole and electron components of emitter and

collector
currents. The avalanchelike increase of

current may lead to a
flooding of the collector

junction,-xhich causes there a
lowering of potent1.-:'.

and subsequent appearance of a
negative rcsistan(-,,~

section of the volt-ampere
characteristic, ( "3)

Development of an expression for the
volt-ainpere

characteristic of' the p-n-p structure in a
ti,;o-te- -

inal device. Ignoring the part of the electron
cl~;-~--.,.t
Card 6 /16
reaching the collector junction, In
comparison wi-n

Semiconductor Two-Te-minal Device
With Negative Resistance
othei~ curvents the followln~~ tao -pe 'written:
0)
(5)
w1hel'o M11 is electrol) 111i.11UP! Coefl,ic-lent'. 114P
1101C Inu It ip I icat lon coot' f I C iont, .('00 ff I C I
ent, 81
1:3 detorlillned 1'rom the equallty ol.' the
!-e(,,ombiriLition
C111-1-ent." of holes 'Ind eluct-,?,0113 1.!1 tho
0 IN) 0,- - 31) "'1'-
Conside~ ing that I I I, from It
-ind (5) follo-vis:
K
(I -- Cx,,Af,,) + aoilf,, 0 N) /I-.g
Al
The ctwpents in Eq. (6) may be fOLWICI by LIOIVIAI,~r the
equations of continuity and diffusions, and after sub-
stituting these values (6) can be tvansfornied into
where the currentin, ai
-e exppe:3-ed with reference to
Card 7/16 a unity area of the Junction:

Semiconductor Two-Tepininal Device
With Nef;ative Resistance SOV/1(1")_-,_.,~_1 -42r`
where j J a, c-, hole an(I elect."Onic comrone,114Uo of
tlic" lot) C.Iwl,ent.
J1, ct 11 01,11) Ch I
01
+ 1),0
Z is base width; L diffusion lengtl~ of holes It
p
I's .1001-11TIf3d that UU + Uk ~ M =. MP = M11. This
equation is valid only for the beginning of the section.
of negative resistance, but it permits evaluzation of
the further behaviour of the p-n-p StrLICture. Equation
('() shows that the shape of the volt:-Lirnpepe charnotel-
isftlc 1.,3 basically (Ictez,mined by the tomi 1 '/1 1 -CI
0M .
FIF-Sure 2 shows an ideali,_,ed volt-ninporo chn :Act cristic
Card 3 //-16 1

Semiconductor Two-Tor-minal Device
With Negative Resistance
Fig. 2. Idealized
volt-tunpere charac-
teriBtic of' a p-n-p
type structure.
rr ( 8 --11
SOV/109-5,2-16/26
Uj L', U, U
For U