SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT BIRGER, I.A. - BIRGER, N. G.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000205320015-3
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 8, 2000
• Sequence Number: 15
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

30373
S/572/61/000/007/oo4/oO6
Calculating flexural ... D221/D302 ~
Legend-to Fig. Bs The diagram for calculaLing a connected ring.
Card 4/4 -
-- - - .

BIRM., I.A... doktor tekhn.naukp prof*
Determining the yield of intermediate partis of a
threaded joint.
Vest, mash. 41 no. 5241-" MY 161. (MM 14:5)

IMLININ, Ilikolay Nikolcqevich; BIRGER, I.A.,
doktor tekhn. nauk.
prof..'retsenzent; P011MUM) S.D.p doktor tekhn.
nauk,
prof.,, red.; BYSTRITSKAYA, V.V.,, red. izd-va;
UVAROVA, A.F.,
tekhn. red.
(Strength of turbomachines]Prochnosti
turbomashin. Moskva.,
Mashgiz, 1962. 291 p. (Turbomehines) (MIRA 15tlO)
4ft

IC-1, .BIRGER,_
Methods of determining residual stresses in disks. Zav.labo
28 no.7:859-86/, 062- (MTPA 15:6)
(Strains and stresses) (Metals-Testing)

S/032/62/028/005/007/009
B117/B101
AUTHOR: Birger, I. A.
TITLE: Methods of determining residual stresses in bars and plates
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya laboratoriya, v. 28, no. 5, 1962t 599-604
TEXT: Mechanical methods of determining residual stresses in
samples during
the removal of metal layers are discussed in detail. These methods
have
already been discuss.ed by a number of other authors (N. N.
Davidenkov,
Ye. Id. Shevandin, M. M. Saverin, M. A. Babichevp L. A. Glikman,
D. 1. Grekov)
earlier. They consist in determining the surface tensions by
measuring
deformations appearing in thesample after removal of the metal
layers. The
deformations are assumed to be of a plastic nature. Equations for
determining
the residual stress in bars with rectangular or any cross section,
as well
as in plates are derived. The Engliah-language reference reads as
followes
R. Treuting, W. Read., J. of Appl. Phys#q vo 22, no. 2, Febr,
(1950-
Card 1/1

S/032J62/028/007/009/011
B104/B102
AUTHOR: 1r er, 1. A.
~g
TITLE: 17,ethods of determining residual stresses in disks
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya laboratoriya, v. 28t no. 7, 1962, 859 -
864
TEXT: Four methods are described and compared., (1) a drilling
method in
which the radial displacements and-oiroular deformations are
determined
at the internal and external radii of the disk; (2) an
'annular' methodp
in which a ring is out out of the disk, and the resulting
changes in size
are determined; (3) another annular' method whereby-the
changes in
diameter are determined;,(4)*a 'cubic' method, in which strain
gauges are
affixed to the disk, and cubes are then out out. Formulas are
derived
for calculating the residual stresses from the changes in
shape of the
disk as determined by---,,the foui methods. ..The first method
requires strain
gauges or a precise med-suring microscope. Using either of the
'annular'
nethods the mutual displacements of the measuring points are
greateri
The 'cubic' method is very simple, but the stress pattern is
difficult to
obtain. There are 6 figures.
Card 1/1

;?0()
.01
0670
S/032j62/028/009/004/009
B104/B102
AUTHORs Birger, I. A.
TITLE: Determination of the residual stresses in thin-wall6d tubes
PBRIODICALt Zavodskaja laboratoriya, v. 28, no. 9, 1962, 1112 -
1117
TEXTt Formulas for determining residual stresseb in thin-walled
tubes by
the ring and strip method are derived. With the ring method the
residual
stress in the ring zone (da) is made up as folloves 0*(a) - U,(a)
9
+ 0,1(a) where (14(a)-is the circular residual stress in
' '92() ' 9
the zone da (Fig. 1), 6,(a) is the,original
circ'ular.residual-st'ress in the
zone a and the other three terms represent the residual stresses
produced
by cutting off the ring, slitting it and chipping off thin
layers. Using
the strip method a small*strip id cut out of the tube and the
residual
stress is determined from its deformation (Fig- 5)- dzil . 6Z + a
ZB' holds
for the residual stress in the strip where dz is the axial
residual stress.
in the tube and 6 zB the additional stress in the strip due to
cutting out.
Card 1/4

B/032/62/028/009/004/009
Determination of the residual ... B100102
Expressions are worked out for all of the terms and are used to give
as (a) If$ (a) + 1, F, (a)]; (27)
crja) IF, (a) + t,,F# (a)J. (28).
where
h I E(h- a) F, (a) -!E- a + 'LE- h -
Fg(a)=2 Eap - x IS 2 311
D2 2 a) 34
CP d/
and (a)-4(h-a)j(a)+
d8 + 2E r2h-3a+t db d E. (20) a
X d-a 3 ) D2 (Q -dt +2 f(E)d (26).
0
The method by N. N. Davidenkov (Zhurnal tekhnicheskoy fiziki, v. 1,
no. 1
(1931)) is improved by taking account of the stresses that occur in
cutting out the stripe, obtainingi
Card 2/4

S/032/62/028/009/004/009
Determin,ption of the residual ... B104/B102
Elp h
0, (a)2
(I-j&I)Dc2P (2
-E(h-a)l d a
3 (1 112) DI (a) da
.a
+ 2E ~2h-3a+f dB -d6)- (35)'
3 (1 -Ow
D' (E) d4
where 6 is the increase of the tube diameter affer the strip
is cut out.
p
There are 6 figures.
Card 3/4

Determination of the residual...
Fig. 1
S/032/6/028/009/004/009
B100102
Fig- 5
f8
4
z
ttv 4
f8
Card 4/4

9'1 o0
43092
5/032/62/028/012/01.1/023
WOW
AUTHOR: -.Birger, I. A.
TITLE: Determination of residual stresses in hbllow and in
massive
~cylinders
PERIODICAL:. Zavodskaya laboratoriya, v. 28, no. 12, 1962,
1482-1484
TEXT: Assuming the radial and tangential residual stresses in a
thin disk,
cut from'a cylinder, to be the same as those in the cylinder;
assuming also
that the axiil stress across tV thickness is constant and that
the fesidual
stresses have axial symmetry, the theory of elasticity is used
to arrive at
the formulas
resdr,
for the radial and taneential stresses.
redr.
r)
a*(r) and a*(r) can be determined
r
Card 1/3

S/032/62/028/012/011/023
Determination of residual stresses... B104/BI66
by known methods as described in a previous paper (I. A.
Birger, Zavodskaya
laboratoriya, 28, 7, 659 (1962)). Ilere a method of determining
the axial
residual stresses in a cylinder is described. Two symmetrical
Lqrooves are
cut from a cylinder (Fig. 3) and the strain ~ 92 (r) on the
outer surface is
then determined. NeglectinE the edge effects on the bottom of
the grooves
and the radial strain the axial stress is
air (r) = -E dF (r) (15),
2IL(I+p)r dr
where F(r) (r)f(r) is a known function which is approximated
parabolically. Using the formulas (10), (11) and (15) one can
thus calculate
the residual stresses in a cylinder from the strain that arises
*ahen thin
disks and prooves are cut out. There are A figurQ3.
C.q.rd 2/3

BIRGER I A - KOLOSOV, M.A., Insh., retsenzent;
BYSTRITSKAYA, V.V.,
nzn,, red.; DEMKINAp N.F., tekhn. red.
f1lisidual stresses] Ostatochnye napriazheniia.
Moskva,
Mashgiz, 1963. 231 (MIRA 16!11)
(Spuins and stresses)

BIRGERt I.A. (Moskva)
T
Method of additional deformations in problems of the
plasticit
1;6
theory. Izv.AN SSSR.Gtd.tekh.nauk.Mekh.i mashinostr.
no.1:47-
Ja-F 163. (MM 1612)
(Plasticity)
(Deformations (Mechanics))

~AM4008928 BOOK EXPLOITATION S/
Birger, I. A.
Residual Stresse'st-" (Ostatochny*ye nsprya%heniya) 140scov,,
Hashgizs 1963,, 231 Pe
illusos biblio.s 4sOOO copies printed,
TOPIC TAGS: residual stress, rod., plates thinwalled tube,, turbine
disc., cylinders
x ray determination, turbine blades steel l8KhNVAs steel 18WIMA,
steel rhVG$, alloy
EI 437A. alloy EI 437 M
PURPOSE ATD COVERAGE: This book discusses the formation of residual
stresses in
inetals and their influence on strength in static and cyclic
loading. Methods of
determining and analyzing residual stresses in rods, plates,
tubes., discs, cylinders,,
and the surface layers of parts of complex configuration are
described, The book
is intended for engineers,, designerss and researchers working in
the machine build-
ing specialtiese
TABLE OF CONTENTS;
Introduction - - 3
Ch. I. Formation of residual stresses - - 5

BIRGi-Rq I* A. (Moscow)
"The methods of elastic solutions in the problems of
the theory of
plasticity and creep"
report presented at the 2nd All-Union Congress on
Theoretical and Applied
Mechanics, Moscow, 29 Jan - 5 Feb 1964.

.;ACCESSION XR3 AP4018"4 8/0179/SVOOO/002/0194/0198
AUZAOR:
.:TITLE: Theory of plastio flow with conisothermal loading
~SOVRGB: All SSSR. lav. OtAs tokh. nauk, Valchanika L
maskinostroyaniye, no* is
1994, 193-196
T
TOPIC TAGS: nonisothermal loading. thermal deformation, slastiolty,
pliability,
def ormation, plastlio deformation, plastio flow, elastio
deformation, strain, strosoi
ABSTRACT-. The law of plastio deformations with non-isothermal
loading, was studied
by Pra&er (See Prager, V., Heizothermiohaskoye deformirovaniye, Sb.
"llakhanika",
To.
~L 5 (57), IL, 1959), but praotioal use of this work is difficult.
The present
t
article is a generalization of the theory of plastio flow in the
*&so of non-iso-
.thermal loading. Deformation ourves are givene Origo art. hass 6
figures.
Is formulas,
ASSOCIATION: none
SUBUITTEDs WfarS3
RATE ACQs MrS4
1WOLt 00

'ACCESSION NR-. AP40184"
'SUB CODEs AP NO RjW Boys 003 OTMI 001

:Card 2/2
MR

BIRGER, I.A. (Mos1na)
" I
Methods of elastic solutions in the theory of a
plastic flow.
Izv. AN SSSR. Mekh. i mashinostre no* 2:116-118
Mr-Ap 164.
(MIRA 17:5)

-5--l
,-- ~ -~ ' ~lf ~mderaoes no deformation due to bending. A.Dorc,:,~- ~, ~
- , ~ ~ ---,- - I - Vl 1~

BIRGERI, I.A., doktor tekhn. nauk, prof.
Using Bayes' formula in problems of technical
diagnostics. Vest.
mashinostr. 44 no.10:24,-25 0 164. (MIRA 17tll)

BIRGERp I.A., doktor takhn. nauk~ pr'of.
Strength calaulation of rings. Rasch.na proch.
no.10131-.64 164.
(MIRX .18RI)

,~- , -, -. \ - - - -
- - -

~ T ~- I-
~ " I ~ ;
1 ., -~'.
1.

t~7 MI

SOURCE CODE: UR/0000/65/000/000/0003
AUTHOR: Birger, I. A.
ORG: none
TITLE: General case of deformation of shells of revolution
SOURCE: Prochnost' i dinamika aviatsionnykh dvigateley
(Durability and dynamics
of aircraft engines); abornik st.ateyp no. 2p Moscow, Izd-vo
"Mashinostroyeniye,"
1965, 3-35
TOPIC TAGS: shell of revolutiouo cylindrical shellt shell
deformation, variable
thickness shell
ABSTRACT: Strains in shells of revolution of variable thickness
are discussed,
assuming the validity of the hypothesis of preservat of normals.
The shells
are exposed to an arbitrary system of external loadveld
additional (e.g. thermal)
stresses. A system of integral equations for determining strains
in shells of
revolution is derived which contains unknovu functions accounting
for the effects of
the basic and supplementary loading, temperature, and boundary
conditions. This
system can be solved without differentiating the geometric
parameters of the shell
so that the method of successive approximations can be used be i
4t st ex-
,, n , a mo
sqn
pedient form. A particular problem of determining the strain a
cylindrical shell
is solved as an example and the details of the proposed met a are
explained. Ex-
pressions for the abeve-mantioned unknown ftanctions of loading
and boundary condition
Card 1/2 UDCt 621.43-215:539.37

--ACC NRs AT6001260
are derived, and from them formAas are deduced for determining these
functions in
a case of axisymmetric deformation of a cylindrical shell. Orig. art.
has: 9 figur
and 177 formulas.
SUB CODE: 20/ SUBM DATE: MuM/. ORIG REF.# 005/ ATD PRESS:

BIRGER, I.A.
A general case of the deformation of shells of
revolution.
Proch. i din. av. dvig. no.2:3-35 165. (MIRA 18:12)

-BIRGER, I.A.0 red.; DAREVSYIY, V.M.; KINASOSHVILI,
H.S.; SERhTSEN,
S.V., red.; SHORR, B.F., red.; RODZEVICH, S.S..,
red.
(Stability and dynamics of aircraft engines]
Prochnost' i
dinamika aviatsionrykh dvigatelei; sbornik stated.
Moskva,
MaBhinostroenie. No.l. 1964. 287 p. (MIRA 18:10)

BUKIN, Mikhail Andreyevichi_.P~~l'~Somenovich,,
WDVEDEV,
S.R., zaal. dayntell nauki 1 tekhniki RSF5R, Laureat
Gosu-
darstvennoy premii, prof., red.; UKUN, A,,, red.;
CHEPELEVA, 0.~
tekhn. red.
(Largest in the world; history of the oonotmotion of
the Volga
Hydroaleotric Power Station (22d Congress of the
CPSU)] Krup-
neishaim v Mire; k intorii sozdaniin Volzhskoi GES
imeni KIII
9"ezda KPSS. Moskva, Sotsekgiz, 1962. 225 P. (MIRA 16W
(Volga Hydrooleotric Power St ation (22d Concress of
the CPSU))-
Design and construction)

13 , &&,
B !,?!AtX
Tab-
Iffec o reflections an the p'
t'1 over-output-base calibration of stand-
ard-signal oscillators used for superhigh frequency
bands. Ism.takh.
no.5:40-43 3-0 156. (WRA 10: 2)
(Oscillators*
ftectron-tube)' (Calibration)

BIRGAR, L.A.
. ....
Rvaluating the noullnearity of diode mixers. Ism. tekh.
no.6r77-80
N-D 157. (MIRK 10t12)
(Blectroule instruments)

15/6
9,1300 (2 70-Ij e0-3 1/00 B01 9/BO58
AUTHOR: Birg2l~
TITLE: Nonlinearity of a Cutoff Attenuator Caused Through
Load
Reactance
PERIODICAL: Izmeriteltnaya tekhnika, 1960, No. 11, PP- 49 -
51
TEXT: In the introduction it is stated that the load
reactance has a
great influence on the nonlinearity of the attenuation of a
cutoff at-
tenuator. The calculations mentioned here are based on an
equivalent
circuit, representing a series connection of the voltage
source and the
impedances of the attenuator. A formula is derived for the
nonlinearity
of the attenuator:
A - 4.34 1 2 e-O.1Ao + 2x 10-0-05Ao (14)
(1 +
x/xo 1X1
where x - From this formula it can be seen that the
XIAO R
0.5144
0/000/011/011/013
S11
Card 1/2 tX

657hh
Nonlinearity of a Cutoff Attenuator Caused
S/1I5j6O/OOO/O11/O11/Oi3
Through Load Reactance B019/BO58
information on the exact parameter values is immaterial
for calculating
the nonlinearity. On the contrary, the initial
attenuation Ao, experi-
mentally determined, enters the formula. Furthermore,
the nonlinearity
greatly depends on the ratio of the reactive and active
load component.
Wide-band cutoff attenuators possess a great reactive
load component
and the field strength decreases proportionally to the
increase of ini-
tial attenuation. The nonlinearity of attenuators
operating with fixed
frequency may be reduced by resonance tuning of the
electrode circuits.
There are 3 figures and 2 Soviet references.
Card 2/2

S/194/61/000/006/065/077
D201/D302
AUTHOR: Birger, L.A.
TITLE: Errors in the superheterodyne method of attenuation
measurements
PERIODIUL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Avtomatika i radioelektranika,
no. 6. 1961, 19, abstract 6 1109 (Tr. in-tov Kom-ta
standartov, mer i izmerit. priborov pri Sov. Min.
SSSRI 1960, no. 44 (104), 10-27)
TM The block diagram of a superheterodyne measuring amplifier
is given, the main sources of errors shown and formulae
derived for
their evaluation. The formulae which determine the overall
errors,
make possible the choice of rational methods of measurements;
e.g.
when measuring small attenuations (up to 30-50 db), the power
kDplied to the attenuator should be such as to produce a
maximum
signal at the mixer output of about 1-5 microwatts. When
measurirrg
large attenuations the poimr of the signal should be increased
to
Card 1/2

S/194/61/000/006/065/077
Errors in the superheterodyne ... D201/D302
decrease the effect of thermal noise. As an example, the
evalua-
tion of measurement errors is given for attenuations of about
30
and 80 db. The e erimental data confirm the given estimate of
overall errors. rZatracter's note: Complete translati(M2
Card 2/2

S/194/61/000/010/062/082
D271/D301
AUTHOR: Birger, L.A.
----- -------------
TITLE: Determination of the effective temperature of noise
radiation of non-uniformly heated loads
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Avtomatika i radioelektronika,
no. 10, 1961, 12, abstract 10 185 (Tr. In-tov Kom-
ta standartov, mer i izmerit. priborov pri Sov. Min.
SSSR, 1960, no. 48 (108), 42-47)
TEXT: Calibration of noise generatord is performed by com-
paring spectral densities of noise radiation of the calibrated
and
standard generator. A comparison amplifier is used for this pur-
pose. Its input inevitably generates some noise radiation;
switch-
ing from one noise generator to the other causes a change of the
circuit impedance connected to the amplifier input, the level of
amplifier noise is changed an in consequence an error occurs in
mea-
suring the ratio of spectral densities. Reflections can also
cause
Card 1/2
1

S/194/61/000/010/062/082
Determination of the effective ... D271/D301
errors similar to those occurring in the measurements of
monochrom-
atic signals. A method is presented for calculating calibration
errors of noise generators caused by reflections in a real
measur-
ing system. The block diagram of the comparator and calibration
procedure, for which it is used are described, and a formula
is der-
ived which makes it possible to calculate errors in given
conditions
of measurement or else to determine permissible values of the
reflec-
tion coefficient corresponding to a given accuracy of
measurement.
The numerical example which is given shows that even when an
ampli-
fier with a very low noise input is used and the noise sources
are
very accurately matched for equal values of full output
impedances,
the calibration error is still fairly substantial; impedance
match-
ing mentioned above can be only obtained by the use of brdige
cir-
cuits. 2 ftypres. 4 references. L/ Abstracter's note: Complete
translation-/
Card 2/2

V3 t S/1;W91/000/010/060/082
6,9y,520 D271/D301
AUTHOR: Birge-, L.A.
TITLE: Calibration error of noise generators due to reflec-
tions
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Avtomatika i
radioelektronika,
no, 10, 1961, 9, abstract 10 162 (Tr. In-tov Kom-ta
standartov, mer i izmerit. priborov pri Sov. Min.
SSSR, 1960, no. 48 (108), 48-53)
TEXT: Standard noise sources are used for calibrating gas
discharge and diode noise generators in the microwave range;
these
sources are matched loads heated to a comparatively high
tempera-
ture (11black body", thermal noise generator). Because of the
large
dimensions of this type of load, in practice it is not
possible to
achieve the necessary uniformity of temperature when ovens of
tech-
nically acceptable dimensions are used. The problem, therefore,
arises oE computing the effective temperature of noise
radiation
Card 1/3

31839
S/194,/61/000/010/060/032
Calibration error... D271/D.301
of a non-uniformly heated load and of calculating losses of
the
thermally insulating sector of waveguide. The method of
solving
this problem is considered; it is based on Nyquist's theorem
for
four-terminal networks. A formula is derived, according to
which
noise in the load of the line composed of quadripoles
connected in
cascade is the sum of noise entering the input of the line
attenua-
ted by the total propagation factor of the line, and of
noises con-
tributed by individual quadripoles. The contribution of a
given
quadripole is determined by its temperature and insertion
losses,
and by the attenuation of the line between the quadripole emd
the
load. It is proposed applying the above formula also to a
non-uni-
formly heated lossy waveguide line: for this purpose the line
is
imagined divided into elementary sections by cross-sections
perpen-
dicular to its axis and spaced by a small distance dx; the
entire
waveguide is now considered as a cascade connection of
quadripoles
each i.;,ith a temperature of T(x) and power transfer
coefficient
exp[ -2r(x)dxj ,w I - 2 -t (x)dx uhere 'f W is the
attenuation per
unit length. An example of computation is given, in which
numerical
Card 2/3

1 39
S/1 4 61/000/010/060/082
9~1
Calibration error... D271 301
data correspond to a standard source for a 5 cm band which had
been developed. 3 fi4ures. 3 references. Z-Abstracter's note:
Complete translation-/
Card 3/3

83912
W S/108/60/015/010/005/008
Bol
B012/BO60
AUTHORt Birger, L. A., Active Member of the Society
q- WNQ- gor
TITLEs Analysis of the Stability of Circuits.With Automatic Phase
Control of the Klystron Frequenovp
PERIODICALt Radiotekhnika, 1960, Vol. 15, No. 10, PP. 41-47
TEXT: In systems serving for the automatic phase control of the
klystron
frequency, a feedback designated here as "amplitude" feedback
may appear
in addition to the normal "phase" feedback. Experiments showed
that this
"amplitude" feedback is often the cause of the circuit
instability. This
parasitic feedback is investigated here. The principal block
diagrams
relating to an automatic phase control of the klystron frequency
are
shown in a Fig. (Refs. 1,2) and described. Condition (2) is
written down
for the stability of a system serving for the frequency
automatic phase
control, and formula (10) is derived. The first term at the
right side of
this formula denotes the normal functioning of the system. The
second term
denotes the-flarasitic amplitude feedback. The characteristic in
this term
is the absence of multiplier Y (ratio of the reference signal
amplitude to
Card 1-/3

83932,
Analysis of the Stability of Circuits With
S/108/60/015/010/005/008
Automatic Phase Control of the Klystron B012/BO60
Frequency
the klystron signal amplitude). This is indicative of the
fact that there
can be an amplitude feedback and hence the possibility of a
self-excitation
also in the oase of a switched-off reference signal.
Condition (12) is
then derived for stability, which determines the admissible
asymmetry it
the balanced mixer for the signal from the klystron at a
given intensity
of the reference signal and at a given holding band (polosa
uderzhatiya)
The fact is pointed out that the present work does not
consider stability
in the simultaneous action of phase and amplitude feedback.
Formula (12)
was derived for the block diagram of Fig. a). Formulas (18)
and (19) were
derived in the same way for the block diagram of Fig. b). The
following
conclusions were reachedt (1) The stability of a circuit
constructed
according to Fig. a) and involving the use of a reference
signal of low
intensity (f o/ 5-109 eV and atomic nuclei,
showers
with few particles are likely to be formed in the case of many interaction
acts
in the case of the energies mentioned. In this case only the
characteristics of
those interaction acts are considered on the occasion of which at least
four
secondary particles are emitted. The corresponding data for these showers
are
CARD 1 2

,SUBJECT USSR / PHYSICS CARD 1 2 PA - 1848
AUTHOR BIRGER,N.a., GUSEVI,V.V.9 XOTELINIKOV K A ,
MAKSIMUXO,V.M.,
RJABIKOV,S.V., SLiVATINSKIJ,S.A., STAK;V:G.M.
TITLE The Analysis of the Cases of the Production of Mesons by
Par-
ticles of Cosmic Radiation. II.
PERIODICAL Zurn.ekap i teor.fis,11, faso.61 982-986 (1956)
Issued: ; / 1957
Three such oases are described here. For the direct measuring
of the energy
of the particles producing elootron-nuoloon showers the authors
in the winter
of 1955-1956 added a further WILSON chamber fitted below the
gap of the elec-
tromagnet to their apparatus (described by BIRGER et al.,
Zurn.eksp.i teor.
fis, J-1, 971 (1956)). The charged particle is deflected after
passage through
the upper chamber by the field of the electromagnet with a
field strength of
about 104 orated. In the lower chamber the trace of the primary
particle can
be followed on a beryllium plate, and from the traces of the
secondary par-
ticles the point of the production of the shower in the
beryllium plate is
determined. From the deviation of this point from the direction
of the action
of the particle before being deflected in the magnetic field it
is possible to
determine the momentum and the sign of the charge of the
shower-producing
particle. In the case under inveetigation,pma3~-50 BeV/c.
However, by using
two WILSON chambers the "light intensityl of the device was
consider-
ably diminished. Altogether, four pietures of showers with more
than four
charged secondary particles were taken, from which it was
possible to determilie

VILISOB,Dzh. [Wilson, J.G.1, red.; BAYYBR, V.N. [translator];
KAKSIMMO,
V.K. (translatorls URYCOVA, L.I. (translator]; BIRGER,,Mu_
red.; ROZZNMt. I.L., red.; KAXH KSON, I.G., red.':"-iiii1KOVSKAYA,
L.K., takhn.red.
[Physics of cosmic rays; modern achievements) Tizika kosmicheskikh
luchei; soyrownup dostisheniia. Soot. gruppoi avtorov. Pod red.
Dsh.Villsona. Moskva, Ind-vo inostr.lit-ry. Vol.3. 1958. 444 p.
Translated from the Uglish. (MIRA 13:6)
(Cosmic rays)

CONCMING A PECULIARITY IN THE INTM-kCTION
OF PARTICLES WITH ENERGY,'~- IL-) 11 ev
N. Birger, S. Slavatinakiy., Yu. Smoradin
Kinematic analysis is applied to photographs of the
interaction of nucleons
of energy E0 > 1011 ev with nuclei. From conservation laws
it follows that
the magnitijdande, Z (E, - P - ) + Py (I - Cos is close to
the mass of the
target. _L I
In most cases of the observed interactions summation over
all registered
particles yields a value on the left-hand side that is close
to the mass of a pi-
meson. If the possibility of a loss of pi-meson emerging at
angles close to
900 is excluded, then the pi-meson should be considered as
the target in the cases
considered.
Report presented at -the International Cosmic Ray
Conference, Moscow, 6-1.1 July 1959

24(5)
AUTHORS: Birger, N. C., Smorodin, Yu. A. SOV/56-36-4-30/70
TITLE: On the Kinematics of Elementary Interactions (0
kinematike
elementarnykh vzaimodeystviy)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal eksperimentallnoy i teoreticheskoy fiziki,
1959,
Vol 36, Nr 41 PP 1159-1167 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The investigat' n of the interaction between
high-energy
particles (> 10ev) and nucleons and nuclei meets with difficul-
ties caused by the following two main reasons: As no complete
theoretical description of the interaction processes is
available, the existing experimental material cannot be
analyzed
according to uniform points of view; the experimental devices
used today for the purpose of investigating the interaction
of fast particles (cosmic radiation, accelerator) do not
render a complete determination of the processes observed
possible. The object of the present paper is the consideration
of some kinematic methods of analyzing nuclear interactions of
fast particles. This analysis furnishes individual partial
process characteristics which are free from representations
using the similarity method (model representations).. By
Card 1/3 employing the theorems of conservation, the authors
derive a

On the Kinematics of Elementary Interactions
SOV/56-36-4-30/70
number of interaction relations; thus, an expression is given
for the number k of particles contained in a given solid
angle
for the case in which, in the c.m.s., the nucleons fly off
isotropically. Also for k max a formula is derived. The
relations obtained are finally applied to experimental data.
The analysis of such interactions observed in cloud chambers
and photographic emulsions in the c.m.s of the colliding
particles (of tables I and 2) supplies angular and energy
characteristics of the interactions. The results obtained by
these investigations are discussed in detail. The authors
thank the staff immbers 4f the Laborator iya kosmicheskikh
luchey FIAN (Laboratory for Cosmic Radiation of the Physics
Institute of the AS) and of the H=aF (Scientific Research
Institute for Nuclear Physics) for discussions. There are
5 figures, 2 tables, and 13 references, 7 of which are
Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Fizicheskiy institut im. P. N. Lebedeva
Akademii nauk SSSR
(Physics "Institute imeni P. N. Lebedev of the Academy of
Sciences, USSR)
Card 2/3

ATYMORSt
T~j
8/058/16 1~=A 10/t 18AOO
A001/A101
Birger, N.G..,.-Slavatinakiy, S.A., Smorodin, Yu.A.
On one peculiarity of interaction of particles with average
energy
of 2DO Bev
PMUWICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Fizika, no. 10, 1961, 96,
abstract 1OB502
("Tr. Mezhdunar. kenferentaii po kosmioh. lucham, 1959, v. Mos-
cow, AN SSSR, 1960j-, 154 - 156)
TEXT: Kinematical method of analysis is applied to
investigations of in-
teractions of particles with average energy of 200 Bev. The
method makes It
possible to determine effective mass of the-target nucleus.
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 1/1

BIRGER, N. G., SMORODIN, YU. A.,
"On the Interactions of Mesons and Nucleons."
report sulnitted for the Intl. Conf. on Cosmic Rays
and Farth Storm (1UPAP)
Kyoto, Japan 4-15 Sept. 1961.
-kR

924,N WANG KANG-CHIANG; WANG TSIU-T&G; TING TA-TSIAO;
UTYSM
-9-a
9 -KOPYIDVA, D.K.; LYUBIHOV, Y.B.; WGUEN
iu. KLADNITSWA, Ye,Nov
DIN TY; HIKITIVp A.Y.) PODGORETSK17, H.I.; SOLOVIYEV,
M.I.
[Inelastic interaction of 6.8 Bev/o JT--mesons and
nucleons]
Neuprugie vzaimodeistviiaSr- -mezonov a impullsom 6~8
Bev/s s
neuklonami . Dubna., Ob"edinennyi in-t iadernykh isol.,
1961. 30 P-
(MIRA 14:11)
(mesons) (Nucleons)

V
AN OAN-CHAN [Wang Kang-ch'ang]; VAN TSU-TSZEN [Wang
TSu-tsing];
DA-TSAO (Ting Tatotao]; KATTSHEV, Yu.V.; KLADNITSKAYA,
Ye.N.;
KOPYWVA) D.K.; LYUBIMOV, V.B.; NGUYEN DIN TY; NIKITIN..
A.V.;
PODGORETSKIY., M.I.; SMORODIN, Yu.A.; SOLOVIYEV, M.I.;
TRKA, Z.
Inelastic interactions of 6.8 Bev./o 7t-moons with nucleons.
Zhu. ekep. i teor. fiz. 41 n0.5:1461-1474 N 161. (MM 14:12)
1. Ob"yedinenMy i=titmVypderrqkh-iev1*dov%n
(Coll"i6ns (Ibwlear pb Bice)
(MOBOUO) Hucleow)

39677
S/05 62/043/001/049/056
B102YB104
AUTkORS: Bayukov, Yu. D.1 Birger, N. G., Leksin, G. A., Suohkov,
D. A~
TITLE: The nature of elastic nN and pp scattering in the region of
large transferred momenta
2zTi I OD 1 dAL: Zhurnal eksperimentallnoy i teoretich eskoy
fiziki,, v.; 43,
no. 1(7), 1962, 339-341
TLXT:. The results of experimental and theoretical papers
concerning
elastic n1T and-pp-scattering with transferred momenta >0.5 Bev/c
are
reviewed, discussing mainly.the energy course of the differential
elastic
scattering cross section. Investigations of the asymptotic
behavior of
2 WO-13
the scattering amplitude point to a relation da el/dt = f(t)s
where t is the square of the transferred four-momentum and s is
that of
the total particle energy in the c. m. 9. Numexical results from
several
papers are used. io study the ltl,- dependence of 1(t) at
t-values of from
0.5 to*2.4 (Bev/6)2 and B'UP to 52 (Bev )2. It is found that l(t)
drops
Cark! 1/2