SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT BRAGER, A. - BREGER, A. K.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000206820016-6
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 9, 2000
• Sequence Number: 16
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

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BRAGER) A.
USSHIChemistry - Vanadium Nitride
Chemistry - X-Ray Study
Jul/Aug 1946
"An X-Ray Examination of Vanadium Nitride. III. The System VN-40,11 V. Epelbaum, A.
Brager, X-Ray Lab and Lab of Solid Compounds, Karpov Inst Phys Chem, Moscow, 3 PP
"Acta Physicochimica UHSS11 V o1 XXI, No 4
Shows unit cube edge of solid solutions VN--VO changes linearly with the concenti'ation
of the comDounds from the unite cube ed,-e of pure vanadium nitride (4.129 A) down to
that of pace vanadiuI4 oxide (- 4.08 A). Recieved 15 Aug 1945
PA 52T9

BRAOER A-
PA 54TU
USE/Pbwols- - Nov 1
9
Specific Beat
"The'Sdperficlal Density of Specific Heat," A. Brager
A. Zhukhovitskiy, 18 pp
"Acts. Pbysicochimica URSSO Vol III, No 6
Investigates Influence of surface on thermal vibra-
tions of a solid following Debye's approximation 'Which
results in a,caloulation of superficial density Of
specific heats of solids. Considerable difference
botv6en specific heat of graphite and that of aoti-
vated oharcoal, observed by Simm and Swain, explained
on basis of theory elaborated in the paper. Received$
54T84

BREGE~-11 A. Kh. ~A
USM/Ohemistry - Atme Apr 1947
Chemistry - Adsorption
"A Possible Mechanism of Interaction Between
Adsorbed Atamn,".A..Kh. Breger, A. A. Zhukhovitekiy,
7 pp
"Zhur Piz Xhim" Vol XXI, No 4,02-430
Largely mathematical discussion aemonstreting the
possibility of the existence of far reaching forces
among adoorbea atoms,the cm,,rgence of these forces
in connection with a change in the energy of the
electrodes of the adsorbent, conditioned by the
fact that the adsorbed atom "excludes" a definite
area from resonance and thus changes the nature of
the movement of the remaining adsorbent electrodes..
14Tg6

A. Kh.
PA JFr92
UMJOhmistry - Vibritions may 1947
Chowletry - Nnergy
"The Independence of Surface Excess of Energy of
Thermal Vibrations on Forms of' Bodies," A. Kh. Breger,
6 pp
"Zhvx 71Z Xhim" Vol XXI.V No 5,162-13-c-V
Experiments resulted in eshowing arTore in vork con-
duoted by Frenkell and Gubanov in computing the energy
of vibration variations vith calculation of the in-
fluence on the surface. Pablished in Moscov on 20
Oct 1946.
1M92

NUcit'r on
Svm ..ce Temion
the Surfam"a Couft*-~
tration. of"tbe Spiaific Beat of an Ilectron Gae*~,w
A. Xh. S~Oger,, 5 pp
'02hur rite m1w Vol =(I, NO 8,9.20-q2,+
kidlom tonpersture reUtion of the enrfae'a con-
46~~iou of the energy "of wh elvctro~~ gme;4howa
I* direct. reUtionablp betweem,-temperAturq
Coefficient- -Or--v w,+,owttm,*f ~:wtele and
t,empwrati;re coafflel6ut of - surface, boncentratlaw.-
4"
VWMVvies (Contd) Aug 118,
li'J.,britmist -to Ityeahle lawsp reUtionehips of,
*iaifaca taxislon of mtalz,to ton". Is"
oarlie,-r tbabry, W, Nurfilee Concei2tiation t of.
,tbo ~ spacific h6ut of sollds to metale.' Submittod
251FOY 11 T.
,~.,..55149M

SUBJECT USSR / PHYSICS CARD 1 / 2 PA - 1522
AUTHOR BREGER,A.CH., BELYNSKIJ,V.A., PROKUDIN,S.D.
6o
TITLE An Apparatus for Radiochemical Investigations by means of a Cc
Gamma Radiation Source with the Activity of 280 Curie.
PERIODICAL AtomnaJa Energija,,I, faso- 4, 131-138 (1956)
Issued: 19-10.1956
Here such an apparatus, which is in operation, is described. The advantages
offered by such radiation sources are pointed out. At first such devices for
radiochemical investigations by means of Co 6o , as are mentioned in literature,
are discussed.
The apparatus described must satisfy the following conditions;
A) Investigations to be carried out with a dose of 20-50 roentgen/see or up to
100 roentgen/sea for a volume of the object to be irradiated of up to 1 1 or
from 20 to 30 milliliters.
B) It must be possible to introduce samples and devices easily into the chamber
without any additional irradiation of the operating staff.
C) Physical and chemical experimental conditions and processes should be under
remote control and observation without the object being moved (shaken).
D) Sipple and reliable remote control of the motions of the radiation source and
the container, and blocking of all dangerous operations.
E) Possibility of c"rgina the container with the radiation source and of
exchanging the container on the spot.
F) It must be possible to erect the apparatus in buildings and premises of the

Atomnaja Energija, 1, fasc. 4 131-138 (1956) CARD 2 / 2 PA - 1522
usual type.
q-) This model is to serve as a model for stronger apparatus, (to be used by the
same institute). The apparatus described here had already been in operation for
one year when this paper was written, and more than 500 experiments had been
carried out with it, which proves its serviceability.
The apparatus K 300 consists of the following principal parts: radiation
source, containery operation chamber, concrete block, charging mechanism, con-
trol desk. The apparatus is mounted in a cabin (area 9 m2, height 3 M) the walls
of which are of sheet iron.
Carrying out work with the apparatus described: The object to be irradiated is
introduced into the apparatus by means of one of the charging devices, on which
occasion the X -radiation source is in the closed container. All further opera-
tions (opening of the container, placing the container with the radiation source
under the operating chamber and transferring the source from the container into
the operating chamber) can be carried out only by means of remote control while
the cabin door is closed, because of a blocking mechanism.
There follows a short description of the principal parts of the apparatus, with
which it is possible to irradiate various objects with a volume of from 30 to
800 OM3 for 120 to 30 Roentgen per second.
IRSTITUTION:

~/WMMATIGN VOWfiAZIOCNEWCAL MVESTMATIO-IM
V,7-1HA,22y- URm OF wMA RADIATIO WMI AN
'y 0 2 -*qvij.!RAD1U'A .- -
ACTIVI.Ty 0 280 A.-
i"A j.- ljme~-rx
P,kro~u~
_056).
A description Is given of Ln Installation in use for ir-
radjaiion of 5ubEtancesby Go" -y r2diation (M 1;-oquiv.
raditim) for radjoehemital Invest'."ons wM L'to use c1
a stand"d Coll preparatilm The appam,lus was dovekq)ed
on thv basis of a CTIUC93 examination of imBiAlalions de-
scribed In U* 11tera-turs whieh are used for such invastiga-
vionz, 4n4 in coelarmity~wUh the dommndo rnmda upon
modern radlochwfilem axpprlma4 4ork-.11io design of
the apparat Is* su'ch As-io, per,xnit vAriou,s p1,y.IC:3ch=Icaj
mr~suremaas durlnglm.41allon, under safe condiLlons
ior Lbs apamtors. The &.w rate in the JrTadizUon of ob-
inctA 2D tn 'In re In ~nlum. lu 12n v)-Deft--4- %~A I- NA-t~

BREGER, A. Kh.
"The Sources of Nuclear Radiaticns.11
report presented at Scientific Conference at the Inst. for Physical Chemastry
imeni L. Ya. Karpov, Acad. Sci. USSRP Nov 1957.

BREGER,- A. lKh., BELT11MY, V. A., K&MW, V. L., PROKUDIN, S. D., OSIFOV, V. B.
"Strong CO 6o gamma ray source for radiatloh chemical reoe3rch (21000 G.
equiv. of radium) '11 a -Doper submitted at the International Conference on Radio-
I
isotopes in Scientific rxoseori:h, Voris, 9-20 Sep 57.

AUTHORS: Bre er A:--Kh! Ormont, B. F., Kutsev, V. S.,
'r L-
111effin5g, B. and Ghapyzhaikov, B. A.
TITLE: The Use of Brake Radiation of a Betatron for
Characterizing the Oxygen Content of Semi-Conductors
and Metallic Materials (Particularly Titanium Oxy-
Carbides). (Ob ispLolizovanii tormoznogo izlueheniya
betatrona dlya kharakteristiki soderzhaniya kisloroda
v poluprovodnikovykh i metallicheskikh materialakh
(v chastnosti, v oksikarbidakh titana)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal Neorganicheskoy Khimii, 1957, Vol.II, Nr.3,
pp. 696-699. (USSR)
ABSTRACT: This is a preliminary report on the development of a
radio-activational method for determining non-metallie
impurities in metals and semi-conductors. The
possibility of deter;llning oxygen In the system Ti-G-0
from the reaction 016 ,A)0" with the use of brake
radiation from a betatro hhs been demonstrated.
Preliminary calibration curves for preparations with not
less than 1% oxygen have been constructed. The method
Gard 1/2 is non-destruotive and requires about 10 min per

78-3-30/35
The Use of Brake Radiation of a Betatron for Characterizing
the Oxygen Content of Semi-Gonductors and Metallic Materials...
determination. There is 1 figure and 7 references,
of which 4 are Slavic.
ASSOCIATION:-The Physico-Chemical Institute imeni L. Ya.
Karpov. (Fiziko-khimicheakiy Institut im. L. Ya.
Karpo-~a.)
SUBMITTED: August 15., 1956.
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress,
Card 2/2

MT=211) A. Mi.
"On the Nature of Surface Tension of Metals."
Hydrodynamics of Molten Metals (Gidrodinamika rasplavlennykh metalov; trudy pervogo
soveshchaniia po teorii liteinykh protsessov. Moskva, Izd-vo Almd. nauk SSSR, 1958,
25 7 pp -
(Proceedings of the First Conference on the Theory of Casting Processes)
Physico-Chemical Institute imeni "L. A. Karpov"

?NASX X BOOr RXPLDITATION SOV/1297
TMONCYWORY15 ASUChno-tekhttlChOokaya kot-Xerentalya po prlmozenlyu
r~dloaktlvnYkh I stabillnykh lzotopov 1 lzluchenly Y narodnow
khor"Yetre 1 nauke, Moscow, 195-t
POIU4b8nL" Isotop". Moshchnm gamosm-ustanowki. Radlowstrlym
1 dox1mortri7a; trudy konrorentall... (Isotope Production
Xlgh-*Mrgy Gammams-Radiatlon Facilities. Rsdiometry and J50mi-
aftryl Transactions of the All-Uhlon Conference on the Use of
Radioactive and Stable Isotopes and Radiation In the National
Z4cnomy and Balance) Moscow, ltd-vo AN SSSR, 1958. 293 0.
5,000 sopleB printed.
Sponsoring Agencys Akadesi" cauk S3SH; Glarnoys upravlonlye po
Impollsolaalyu - . atonnoy onergil SM.
Sdlt*rW Boards Frolov, Tu.S. (Romp. td.), Zhavoronkov, M.M.
(Deputy Rasp. 9d.), AglLntmov, K.K., Al*kseyev, B.A., Dochkarev,
V.Y.. ZembohIssokly, X.1 k Y, T P., Sinitsyn, VA., and
Fopovat O.L. (3omrstaryi; T14.4.1ho Xd.; Sovichkov, N.D.
MMPWSI TXU collection Is published for scientists, technologists.
perfOng Omg&l*d In medicine Or medical research, and others con.
earned with the production and/or use of radioactive and stable
Isotopes and radiation.
COVIRADIs Thirty-eight reports are Included In this tollsotion
Under three main subject dIvIxjonm2 1) production or isotopes
2) high-energy 30moms-radlation facilLtiotaland 3) radlosetry and
doolmetr7.
?ABXJK OF COWTERMs
PART 1. MCD=ION Dy 13(noMS
?"I", Tu.S., V.V. Boahkarev, and T9.T*. Nullsh. Development of
isotope Production In the Soviet Union - 5
This ropon to a general survey of production mothods,
apparatus, raw materials, applications, Investigations
an* future prospects for radio isotopes In the Soviet Union.
Ca" 2/12
or A. Kh., VA. Belynakiy, V.L. Karpov, S.D. Frokudin
Facility for RadiatLon-Chealcal Research
C;awma4tadLation Source With on Activity of
21,000 g-ow Or %dlux 182
A 9-20000 Cc gamma-redLation acurce, cited as the
9600t powerful In the world according to avallAble data,
is described and basic parameters tabulated. The unit
Is provided with a control panel and a system of periodic
observation and Is capable of 1200 rls*r dosage per 0.4
Liters and-100 r/osc per 100 liters volume. Working
chamber capsel. Is-300 liters. The source. comprising
56 standard Co96 preparations, the authors state, is cars
for attending personnel owing to a "dry' nethad
especially developed for this unit,
Card 8112
Ar,
\I)

BREGER, A. Kff. AIM RYABUKH171, YU. S.
"Modeling Isotope Sources of Radiation for Potential Industrial Radiation-
chemical Instal-lations.I. Investigation of Dosage Fields in the Operational
chamber of Apparatus K-1400"
,Z~ Tranmetions of the pirst Confere=e on ReAlOaCtiOU CheMISUTs MOSCOVs
lzd-vo AN BMj, 1958- 3300-
Conferewe -25-30 KM--h 1957., HOr-COV

8ov/81-59-16-56983
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal. Ehimiya, 1959, Nr 16, jp 145 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Breger, A.Kh.
TITLE- Sources of Nuclear Radiations for Radiation-Chemical Investigations
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Probl. fiz.khimii. Nr 1. Moscow, Goskhimizdat, 1958, pp 61-72
ABSTRACT: The development of the sources of nuclear radiations for radiation-
chemical investigations in connection with the development of radiational-
chemistry is considered and the perspectives of their further development
are pointed out. The complex of sources is described which have been de-
veloped in the Physical-Chemical Institute imeni Karpov and which are of
different type (isotope sources, accelerators) and energy (28o - 6o,ooo
g-equ Ra for isotope sources and 0,180 - 20 Mev for accelerators). A
detailed description is given as well as the plans of the isotope in-
stallation K-20,000 with a Co6O-source of ?-radiation with an activity
of 21,000 g-equ Ra corresponding to the principal demands of modem
radiation-chemical investigations.
Z. Sokolova,
Card 1/1

SOV/81-59-21-74749
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Khimiya, 1959, Nr 21, p 158 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Breger, A.Kh., Belynskiy, V.A., Karpov, V.L., Prolmdin, S.D._
TITLE: Installations for Radiochemical Investigations~l Comm. I!. An
Installation EnsurIng a Dose Intensity or-u-b-to 30C Roentgeli/sec,,~*n
a Volume of 30 ml and of up to 100 Roentgen/sec in 1 1 With a Coo'*'
Iff -Radiation Source With an Intensityof --,, 40c) g-equ Radium
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Deystviye ioniziruyushchikh lzlucheniy na neorgan. i organ.
sistemy. Moscow, AS USSR, 1958, PP 379 - 394
ABSTRACT: This a review of installations for irradiation. with the 1"-radiation
of Com in radiochemical investigations as well as a description of the
x- 14oo ig stallation of the Physical-Chemical Institute imeni Narpov
with a Co 0 f -radiation source with an Intensity of 1, 111~0 g-equ Ra
ensuring a dose intensity of 300 roent-on/sce ill a vollime of 30 ril "=1
100 roentgen/see in ! I.' The Jnstallation has beon developed blse~` --In
Card 1/2 the requirements of the modern radioc-hemical exporiment; it is equipped

SOV/81-59-21-74749
Installations for Radiochemloal Investigations. Comm. II. An Installation ]Ensuring
a Dose Intensity of up to 300 Roentgen/see in a Volume of 30 ml and orup to 100
Roentgen/see in 1 1 With a Co6O f -Radiation Source With an Intensity of 1,400 g-equ
Radium
with a desk for remote control and observation of the conditions of the experiment
and the processes taking place in the objects of investigation during irradiation.
There are 22 references. Communication I see RZhKhim, 1957, Nr 12, 41580.
Z. Sokolova 0
Card 2/2

1
AUTHORS: Pollevodov, A. P., Nikashina, V. A.) Gordiyevskiy, A. V.,
Senyavin, M. It., _AE!~ggerA.. Kh. -
TITLE: The Radio-Chemical Stability of the Ion Exchange Ret~ins Under
the Influence of r- and P-Rays on the Cationites (Radiat.sionno-
khimicheskaya us"oychi-,rost' ionoobmennykh smol. Deystviye r- i
P-izlucheniy na kationity)
PERIODICAL: Naur)hnyye doklady vysshey shkoly. Khimiya i khimicheska~ra
tekhnologiya, 1958, Nr 4, pp 761-764 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The radio-chemical stability of the cationites KU-2, KU-11 SBS,
RF, KB-4 under the influence of f- and P-rays was investigated.
Cobalt 6o was used as r-radiator. In the irradiatior the capacity
of the cationites is reduced. The chemical stability is reduced
by the irradiation and the capability of swelling of the resins
KU-2 and KB-4 decreasesq whereas it increases with the resins
KU-11 and RF. The quantity of the functional group of the
cationites becomes smaller with increasing activity. The ion
exchangers of aromatic structure are more stable than _resins of
Card 1/2 aliphatic structure. f- and 0--irradiation has the same influence

SOV/156-58-4-39/40,
The Radio-Chemical Stability of the Ion Exchange Resins Under the InflUence
of J- and F-Rays on the Cati,onites
on the cationiteso The irradiation of cationites in air under
the influence of t-rays causes deeper destructive changes in
the cationites. There are I figure, 2 table3, and 3 So7iet
references.
ASSOCIATION: Kafedra tekhnollogi-i radioaktivkvkh,redkikh i rasseyannvkh
elementov Moskovskogo khimiko-tekhnologicheskogo instituta im.
D. I. Mendeleyeva (Chair of Technology of the Radioactive, Rare
and Elements at the Moscow Chemical and Technological
Institute imeni D. 1. Mendeleyev)
SUBMITTED: March~ 24, 1958
Card 2/2

SOV/138-58-5-4/9
ATTTI,,'ORS -Tarasova, Z.N.,
Kaplunov, M.Ya.,
Dogadkdn, B..,,,
V.L.
BreL,er,
77_77
TITLE: Vu-1-carisation by Nuclear Radiation (Vulhanizat-civa
pod vozdeystviyem yaderi%y1rh izl,,zcheriy)
PERIODICz`~-L: Kauchuk i Rezina, 1958, '_NTr 5, pp 14-?l (USSR)
ABSTRACT- Du_vin- recent years it vias found that polymeric
materials undergo deep structural changes wl-ieia
irradiated with high, energy rays (X-rays and nuclear
radiation). Investigations on the vulcanisation of
rubbers and rubber mixtures by radiouctive irradiation
were carried out (Refs.1-7). This method of
w,lcanisation is called "radiation" vulounisution,
The authors investigated the structure and the
properties of radiation vulcanisates obti~,ihed by
irradiating rubbers and their mixtures in an atomic
reactor and by E;amma radiation from C060. They also
determined the conditionss for -preparing tLe homo~enecuS
Card 1/5 6

ISGII/l 3 (.-5 P~ -5 -4/9
r
Vulcu-,Asatio2L b, TTucle~-r R-adiation.
solid ard multi-layer articles 1),. tL--e cticr-
of iaucl-~-r radiatiola. TLe follov,,in~~ rub ers were
tested.: natural, but aeLie-ne-styr ene SKS-36A L~2,-d
SKS- 0' , isor.-rene SiH aiid sodium-butudiene SKB. Vac
3 -:X L,
rubbers were vulcanised in thin layer's in steel or
al-aminituri moulds. The deLree of croc---lirjzing of
the molecular chains of i-abber durinL-, irr-,,diatio.-Li
valcanisation dr,-T)erds on the admixtures in the
ruIbber ard on the molecular iveight of the rubber and
also affected by the presence of oxy,~en. The
influence of the medium in ,vhicl%- r&diation ta2-es- place
on the degree of structure formation of purified
nuturall rubber durinL, radiation vulcanisation is
shoi,,,n n-raphicully in Fig.!: the iii.fluence of the
mediui:-i or- the kinetic formation of cross-linl-s durinE-
radiation vulcanisatior- is tu'L-)I,-latedM-:L)le 1~. on
stud,vir~; the infra-red spectra it -~','as-toted 11-L-at the
-rreserce of -Itronjy inhibited
the oxidation processes durin,~, irraeliation. Spectra
of lelectron. pararzjii~,,,,netic resonance. shcvred tbc,-t
Card 2-/5 sainples- O-f SKS-30-A-M irradiated on (-,.Lir had il,creused

Vulcanisa-lCion by Nuclear Radiation
SOV/136-5 E-5 -4/9
ccntent of free radicals (Table 3). The ef--:'ect of
.~~rti-oxida-ntz on tl-.,e properties of racli-ation
v-alcarisates is due, to a cor~7iderable extent, to t,-e
decre--sed ruamber of double bonds in 411-Le p-resence, of
anti-oxidants. Fir.-.9: the relaxation of tersion of
rubbers subjected to radiation vulcur-isation in air;
Fi6.3-' depeiidence of the cor-stant of "he rute of
relm:atio:'- Of L.Le ~-,'-)ov-e'v,,,-lc,*-.nis~-)-t---- On J0112e Of
cros--linIcs. Due to the high of penetr-atio-11 of
nuclear ra-T,-, un-iform vulcanisation is ac~-Aeved
thTou,,-~-'~,out the Sample (Table 4). TL,.e thic'rne-ss of
the 'kralcanisini~ Exate is defined by thile of
.bsorbed energy, by the type and com-Osit-on of 1-1 e
L
v,-,bber, by the Lanount of fillers, nIJCL-tiCi2erS and
apti-oxiL,,nts in the m il-Iture and the co~iditioz-.- of
irradiatior, as Yoll. otltler fuetorL;. TLe
vule~,-uisates h err., o -vie c 1-e
V e StUbilitl- Of
Card 3/5 r"te Of clle-"ilic(~J f~
I relaxation Of

S07/13 n-5'-'-5 -4/9
1, C ~
Vulcanisation by Nuclear Rudiation
Durij the iTTU(IiatiOrl Of Tpurified rifober.-
L
oxidation occurs; this lead.,.-, to complete ioss of
u_ns.at'aration .,;1tion the dosa,-e of irrLidiutio)i = 60 ne-u
& QI
r002T'-~;en. Ir- this case the wriount of doifille bor-ds
is decre"sed to 30". Conditions for prepariii,~
homok~eneous vulcCLnisation C,,rates found to be
independent, fron the thickness of the scaliples (within
t he 1 im it s o f 0 .1 - 40 m-m ) .The physico-mechunical.
and technoloi-,-ical properties of rubbers prepxed by
Vulcanisution radiation were 'Ues'Lod (Taile 5 It w-:1 s
found th~it these vulc6iiiisates r--Sistunt to
ther-~nio-oxidative ajSgin VILL11 SUlp1L1Ur-V`L11CUniSUt---S-
(4 - 5 times at 130 C), I'LladeTLI-0
deformation, show lo-.-? hysteresis und lai8~-h recovery
-L U
~-O)~~ec'ed to repeated deforLiation. The
whei L j
vulcallisation of Model tYre cl~si'~---,: 7.50 x 20,
1/5th nat'Ll-rul size, 'w"s curried out (Fii~.B). Chur~Cs
in the )AVsico-mechunicul c1hur-eteristic-1 of v~-xious
tyre cords durin~L, irradiation in .0, du-omic reactor
Card 4/5 are r,-iven in Table 7. Ilembers of the Institute
C-1

SOV/138-52-5-4/9
Vii1canisation by z,,,,uclear Radiation
im. L.Ya Xcxpov: V.B.Osipov, V..~ ' Golldin, V.S.Po`_rovs,,:iy
and V.P.-Ifonin L-Lssisted durii~, these experiments. Ttere
are 9 fiL;U.Tes, 7 tables and 14 references of vviAch
10 are Ep lish and 4 Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: -,~Ta~Lielmo-issledovatolls-T--.iy instuitut shirmoy
promyshlqnnosti (Scientific-Re search Institute for
the -Tire*Industry)
Card 5/5

BREGE.Rs- "Kh - Prinimali uchantiye:,KARPOV, V.L., kand.khim.nauk;
BELYNSKIY, V.A.; OSIPOV, V.B... PROKUDIN, S.D.; TYURIKgi, G.S...
kand.khim.nauk; GOLIDIN., V.A.; RYABUKHIN, Yu.S.; KOROLEV, G.N.;
APONIN, V.P.,- POKROVSKIY, V.8.; KULAKOV, S.I.; LEKAREV, P.V.;'
FEDOROVA, T.P.; KOROTKOVA, M.A.; KHARLAMOV, M.T.; NIKoLENko, G.D.;
LOPUKHIN, A.F.; YEVDOKUNIN, T.F.; KASATKIN, V.M.; RATOV, A.V.
Nuclear radiation sources for radiational-chemical studies.
P,rob:L.fiz.kh:Lm. no.1:61-72 158. (MIRA 15:11)
1. Nauchno-issladovateltakiy fiziko-khimicheskiy institut,
im. Karpova. (Radiochemiatty) (Radioisotopes)

21(9) SOV/89-5-5-4/27
AUTHORS: Ryabukhin, Yu~ S., Breger, A. Kh.-
TITLE: The Circiilation Loop of a Nuclear Reactor as a Radiation
Source, Especially for Radiation Chemistry (Tsirkulyatsionnyy
kontur yadernogo reaktora kak istochnik izlucheniy~ v
chastnosti d1ya radiatsionnoy khixiia-)
)0. Vol TTr 5, PP 533-541
PERIODICAL: Itomnaya enert-,iya, 19' (IISSR)
ABSTRACT: JAI substance to be activatei;.s sent through a loop which
passes throual, the react-,)r and is connected with a radiation
chamber. The y-rad-Lation emitted by the s-ab3tance is used
in a radiation chamber (e.,-. for radiation-chemical work).
The problem to be solved is to determine by calculation the
optimum du.-ation cf time during whJch the substance to be
activated should remain in the reactor, -in the radiation
chamber, and in the connecting tubes. Po:r this purpose it
is necessary that with a given neutron flux, with oiven
activation properties of the substances, and an assumed time
of operation of the loop, the average ellerg-d Of 7-radiation
emizted per second in the radiation chamber per liter of the
Card 1/3 activated substance must bG a m3ximum. The probler, is solved

SOV/09-5-5-4/27
The Circulation Loop of a Nuclear Reactor as a Radiation Source, Especially
for Radiation Chemistry
only for an isotope, which is not a radioactive product
1--jroduced during activaticr... The correspondint~c formulae and
families of curvos are given.
The calculation of a loop in villich liquid indilm circulates
is particularly instructive. Tile nei;tron flux is as.-itimed to
be jol3n/cm2.sec, the volume to be activated in the reactor - 1
duration of the circulation of the 1nop - 50 days, length
of connectina tubes - 20 u, the smallest uermissible cross
2
section in the connecting tubea -- 0,5 cm ; -with a maximum
velocity of flow amounting to 0,1 m/ ,sec. From these data it
folbw3 that the average energy of T-radiation amounts to
2 700 W/'-.., which corresponds to a preparation with an activity
of 2,7.10 5 gram equivalent Ra in one liter.
In the case of optimum working conditions the ener_-y of
y-radiation can 'be increased to 4 900 "V/1.
Professor V. I. Veselovskiy gave general directives with
respect to the investigations to be carried out, and results
were discussed with V. L. Karpov.
Card 2113 The mathematical derivation of the principal formula is

SOV18,51- 5-5 -4/2 -1
The Circulation Loop of a Nuclear Reactor as a Radiation Sou-,~~e. E'speciall.-,
for Radiat-fon Chemigtry
SUBMITTED:
described in an appendix. There are 4 figures, I table,
and 10 refererces, 1 of which is Soviet.
March 15.. 195516
Card 3/3

RA
Is I
4 V U q
fill
oil

o6a,
21(8) sov764-59-6-+8
AUTHOR: Breger, A. Kh
TITLE: Some Scientific and Technical Problems of the Development of
Radiochemical Apparatus
PERIODICAL: Khimicheskaya promyshlennost', 1959, Nr 6, PP 474 - 481 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Radiochemiatry, which owing to the development of the nuclear
industry has become a special branch of.chemistry, may be re-
garded as one of the most important fields of application of
nuclear power in the national economy (Refs 4-6). Units of the
series 1111 (Refa 8-12)-designed and installed at the Fiziko-
khimicheskiy institut im. L. Ya. Karpova (Institute of Physical
Chemistry imeni L. Ya. Karpov) (i.e. units "Km300" ' "K-6oo,,,
"K-1400", t'K-2000011, 11K-20000-b."t and."K-60000" with Co6o

-
emitting rays of an activity of 300 to.60000 gramequivalent
l
ed favorable for radiochemical investigations. Since
y
of Ra) p
relevant publications have not so far carried suggestions for
the design of apparatus for radiochemical investigations, this
question is dealt with in the present article as well as in
papers published earlier by the above.-institute (Refs 18,19).
The principal variants of sources of nuclear radiation are
listed (Table 1) and it is stated that heterogeneous ByStems
Card 1/2 are better suited for radiochemical investigations than bomo-

o6ai
Some Scientific and Technical Problems of the SOV/64-59-6-3/28
Development of Radiochemical Apparatus
geneous ones, and that systems with trays from Cc 6o and Cs137
have some advantages to offer. After a discussion of the various
applications of the different sources of T.radiation for
radiochemical processes on an industrial Beale the author
arrives at the conclusion, on the basis offdata concerning the
activities of rays obtained in nuclear reactors (Table 2),
Ihat prospects it- present are best for the use of heat-radiating
parts of the nuclear reactors. The principal requirements for
the development of radiochemioal apparatus are discussed in
great detail (classed in five groups). A comparison of such
apparatus with apparatus for radiation-biological investigations
makes it apparent that most apparatus aesigned for biological
investigations are not suited for radiochemical investigations.
There are 3 tables and 41 references, 35 of which are Soviet.
Card 2/2

21(9) SOV/89-7-2-5/24
AUTHORS% Ryabukhin, Yu. S., Breger, A. Kh.
TITLEs The Circulation System of a Nuclear Reactor as a
Source of Radiation ',Tsirkulyatsionnyy kontur yadernogo reaktora
kak istochnik izlucheniy)
PERIODICALs Atomnaya energiya, 1959, Vol 7, Nr 2, pp 129 - 137 (USSR)
ABSTRACT; The task described in reference 1, 1. e. consideration of a
circulation loop containing one single isotope, as a radiation
source and computing the strength of this source, was e.xtended
for such cases when several isot.opes form in the substance to
be activated and these isotopes have a series of radioactive
decay products. The absolute maximum output of such a circulation
system and the neutron consumption per output unit was theo-
retically calculated for the following elements: Na, Sc, Mn) Ga,
Br, In, Sb, La, Ir which can be considered as materials to be
activated in the circulation. It was found that In and its
alloys can be best utilized. A circulation was separately
examined in which the substance io*be"activ'ated contained fissile
isotopes (uranium-circulation). It was-proved that the specific
Card 1/2 capacity of this kind of circulation under the same conditions

The Circulation System of a Nuclear Rea-.tor iOV/89-7-2-5/24
as a Source of'Radiation
is less than that of a circulation in which metal Indium,or
its alloys are being irradiated. As a special case they examined
in an irradiation apparatus the uranium circulation of fuel
not completely burned out in a reactor. The authors show that
in this case the capacity can be increased 2-4 times in com-
pariaon with a device in which fully bqrned out fuel elements
are used only once. The theoretically developed formulas for
the specific capacity of circulations are separately derived
in an annex. There are 3 figures, 2 tables, and i6 references,
6 of which are Soviet.
SUBMITTED: July 25, 1958
Card 2/2

5.

AUTHORS: Vaynshteyn, B.I., Y~~ S/06 59/000/07/002/035
Y
Syrkus, N.P. B005
B123
TITLE: Computation of a Radiation-chemical Apparatus With a Strong
Gamma Radiation Source for the Oxidation of Benzene7to Phenol
PERIODICAL: Khimloheakaya promyshlennoBtl# 19.59, Nr 7, pp 560-565 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: A radiation-ohemical process which could reach practical
importance, is the direct oxidation of benzene to phenol with
oxygen, in the presence of products of water radiolysis
(Refs 1-3). Under certain technological conditions stated in
the paper, this process becomes a chain reaction. Th6 yield then
amounts to 30-60 molecules per 100 ev absorbed ener6 The
'
41'
is de
technological scheme for carrying out this oxidation
scribed in publications (Ref 3). The authors of the present
paper calculated the capacity of radiation-chemical apparatus
of various constructions that work with intengive jr -rays. The
sources from Cc 0 preparations
computations were made for r
Z
with a total activity of vio g-equivalent radium or from the
fuel elements of a reactor, type VVR-Ts with a thermal power
Card 1/3 of 10 Mw. The capacity of such an apparatus is computed from

67783
Computation of a Radiation-chemical Apparatus S/064/59/000/07/002,/035
With a Strong Gamma Radiation Source for the B005/3123
Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol
the formula: wGM capacity of apparatus in kg per
N
hour; K - coefficient considering the dimensions of the ap-
paratus; w = dose rate of the source of r-radiation in watts;
G - radiation-chemical yield (number of molecules per 100 ev
absorbed energy); M - molecular weight of the product in g1mol;
N = Avogadro number; 'it efficiency of the radiation-chemical
apparatus fproportion of dose rate of r-radiation that is
absorbed by the chemical system, to the dose rate that is
supplied by the source). For Phenol it results for G = 30:
Q - 1-05-10- 3wj . The computations made are described in detail.
Detailed data of the construction of radiation-chemical
apparatus and the optimum dimensions of the radiation source
are given. Figure 1 shows schematic cross sections through some
possible variants of a radiation-chemical apparatus for the
oxidation of benzene to phenol. Table 1 gives the working
characteristics for various variants of such radiation-chemical
apparatus, where 0060-preparations or the fuel elements of the
Card 2/3 VVR-Ts reactor are used as radiation source. Table 2 shows the

Computation of a Radiation-chemical Apparatus s/o6 59/000/07/002/035
With a Strong Gamma Radiation Source for the B005YB123
Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol
accessible dose 15 of /--radiation of a source consisting of all
fuel elements of the VVR-Ta reactor. Table 3 shows the relations
between the capacity Q and T - i (T - working time of the fuel
elements in the reactor, i - time of cooling). According to
calculations of the authors the yearly production of phenol in 41
one of the apparatus described, with a radiation-chemical yield
of G - 60 molecules per 100 ev in a reactor with the thermal
power of 1000 law, amounts to about 10,000 t. In the present
paper a previous article of the authors is referred to that was
submitted to the konferentsiya po mirnomu ispolizovaniyu atomnoy
energii (Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy), held
in Tashkent from September 28 to October 3, 1959. There are 8
figures, 3 tables, and 8 references, 7 of which are Soviet,
Card 3/3

AUTHORSs SoLkKusi-INT. Pr. , BEMELALE~: S/064/59/000/08/00i/021
ravnshtevn i
V B1151BO17
TITLE: The Fundamental Teohnologioal Characteristics of Apparatus for
Carrying out Redioohemical Processes (Mainly for the Polymerization
of Ethylene)7on an industrial Scale
PERIODICALs Khimioheskaya promyshlennoet', 1959, Nr 8, pp 647-652 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In the present paper the first attempt of a general consideration
of the most important technological characteristics of a device
for carrying out radlochemioal prooesses is described by the
example of a spherical apparatus. Besides, the technological ohar-
acteristica of an apparatus used for radiochemical polymerization
of ethylene were calculated. The efficiency of a spherical appa-
ratus with a radius r and a monochromatic gamma radiation point
source in the center of the sphere with an energy of q curies was
oalculatedq and a formula was deduced. The method used to deter-
mine the energy of the absorbed gamma rays was employed for calcu-
lation which had been suggested at the Conference for the Peace-
ful Uses of Atomic Energy in Tashkent from September 28 to October
3, 1959. k diagram of the dependence of the function K, - Or'~ Oc -'
Card 1/3 X(trvS ) on z at different values of the parameter 0( 11 .5t 2.0 and

The Pundamental Technological Characteristics of S/064j59/000/08/001/021
Apparatus for Carrying Out Radiochemioal Processes B115/BO17
(Mainly for the Polymerization of Ethylene) on an
Industrial Scale
2-5) is given (Fig 1), where E is a constant which depends on the
conditions of th rocess (0!EE