SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT GARBER, ILYA BORISOVICH - GARBER, R.I.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000514310020-5
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 19, 2001
• Sequence Number: 20
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

GARBER, Illya BorI!gv;ch, ZHILINA. OlIg" Vladiojirovna. ROKANOV, Aleksnndr
KOROLIKOV. I. L. red.; ZABRODINA, A.A.. tekhn.rede
[Experience in the centralized repair of electrical equipment Pt
electric power stations of the Leningrad Regional Power Authority].
Iz opyta toentrallsovannogo remonta elektrooborudovantin na elektro-
stataiiakh Lenenergo. Moskvn, Goo. energ.izd-vo, 1956. 70 p.
(MIRA 11:9)
(Electric apparAtun nnd npplinnceo-Knintennnee and r"pair)

25(l)
AUTHOR- "InT,!CL '-!u I!, in" er
SOV/91-59-8-12/28
TITLEs A Device for Removing Heavy Coupling Flnnges
PERIODICAL: 'Energetik, 1959, Nr 8, pp 17-19 (USSR)
ABSTRACT% Until recently, hc;i-vy coupling flanges of large electric motors
were removed by means or different screw devices. Three to four
men were required because of the considerable weight of these
devices. Using the experience of Sverdlovenergo, a hydraulic de-
vice for removing heavy coupling flanges was developed by Lenen-
ergo, as shown in fig.l. The device consists of a telescopic U-
shaped frame which in mounted on a three-wheel carriage. A small
hydraulic press is connected to the frame. Its position may be
adjusted according to requirements. only one worker is required
for removing the coupling flange of an electric motor. The devi-
ce may be used for removing coupling flanges of up to 500 nun
diameter, even when the centers of the motor shaft are 1.5 in
above the floor. The weight of the entire device is 64 kg. Tur-
Card 1/2 bine oil is used in the hydraulic press. The height of the hy-

SOV/91-59-8-12/28
A Device for Removing Heavy Coupling Flanges
draulic press is set by a winch. The author describes the pro-
cess of removing a coupling flange in detail. There are 4 dia-
grams.
Card 2/2

GARBER) I.B., in-zh.
Voltage indicator for electrical systems with voltage up to
500 volts using a cold-catilade thyratron. Energetik 11 no.10:
29-31 0 163. (MIRA 16:11)

GARBER., I.B., inzh.
Improvement of manual lever shears. Energetik 12 no.1:21-22
Ja 64- (MIRA 17:3)
PIr

GARBER, Isaak Semenovich; LYUBIMOVA, T.M., red.
[Magnetic pulse modulators] Magnitnye impul'snye mo-
duliatory. Moskva, Sovetskoe radio, 1964. 158 P.
(MIRA 17:11)

GARBER., K.S., dotsent; NIKITIN, A.I.; LYAUDIS, B.V.; MALINOVSKIY,
B.N., kand. tekhn.nauk; BFL'SKIY, 0.1.; VOLKOV, L.G.;
KUZNETSOV, M.P.; KUTSENKO, A.D., SOROKIN, A.A.; STAKHURSKIY,
A.D.; TRUBITSYN, L.M.; TRUSEYEV, A,I.; SHAFRAN, I.K., inzh.;
SHESTAK, P.I.; ULIYANOV, D.P.
Automatic control of converter smelting by means of compu' rs.
Stall 23 no. 7:60&610 Jl 163. (MIRA 16:9)
1. Dneprodzerzhinskiy metallurgichesliy zavod-vtuz im. M.I.
Arsenicheva (for Garger). 2. Institut kibernetiki AN UkrSSR
(for Malinovskiy). 3. Zavod in. Dzerzhinskogo (for Shafran).

GARBER, L.A.
Development of an ear for harmony and timbre in preschool
children. Vop. psikhol. no-5:103-112 S-0 164 (MIRA 18cl)
1. Podagogicheskiy institut, Taganrog.

GOBIR, Mieczyalaw
-A,- I "
@r'e .
Selection of leads In vectocardiography. Postepy hig. mod. dosw. 11
no.4:461-478 1957-
(VJCTOCARDIOGWRY,
selection of leads, review (Pol))

POLAND / Human ard Animal Physiology (Normal and Pathological). T-4
Blood -
Abs Jour :Ref Zhur - Biologiya, No 13, 1958, No- 60325
Author :Ankanse, Z.; Garber M.- Luka3ik, E.; Stopczyk, M.;
Wajszczuk, W@7-@@
Inat :Not given
Title :The Comparison of the Stereocardiogram with the
Perspective Vectorcardiogram
Orig Pub :Polski tygod. lekar., 1957, 12, No 35, 1341-1344
Abstract :No abstract given
Card 1/1

EXCERPTA MEDICA See 18 '101 3/8 Cardio. D13. Aug 59
MW Spatial VCC(OrC2rdiogram. Influence of altered placement of electrodes in the
Grishm2n's lead system and variations due to respiratory movements fazy
oddechowej i przernieszczenia elcktrod w ukladzie Grishmana na wektokardiO,"Tanii
Przestrzenny. GARHFR .11. and N%'AJSZCZU1C AV. IN% Klin. Chor. %Vewn. A.M., Wars-
zawa, Kardiol.-TirT95 ",15 (313-322) Graphs 18 Illus. 12.
Small displacement of electrodes (about 2 cm.) in most cases showed no marked
influence either on the VCG or on the interpretation. Deep respiratory movements
in some cases caused deformation of the loop. This deformation may be misinter-
preted as a sign of myocardial damage or vice versa, It is suggested that in doubtful
cases the VCG examination should be repeated on full inspiration and complete
ex ralion,
expiration.
@

GARM..,,,'Kisczys1aw; HIGHALOWSKI, Adam
Primary cancer of the liver in connection with the observation of two
cases of that disease. Polski tygod. lek. 13 no-91306-311 3 Var 58.
1. (Z IT Kliniki Chorob Wevnetrznych AA. w Waresawis; kierownik;
prof. dr Z. Askanas i z Zakladu Anatomii Patologicznej A.X. w Warazawie;
kierownik: prof. dr L. Paszkiewicz) Warszawa, Oczki 6, IT Klin. Chor.
Wewn. A.K.
(LIVXR NICOPIASMS, case reports
primary cancer (Pol))

ASKAHAS, Zdzislaw, GIMER, MiecjnystAw, LUKASIK, Nlzbieta, WAJSZCZUK, Waldemnr,
STOPCZYI, Nariusz
Stereocardiogrnnhic changes following commissurotomy. Polski tygod.
lek. 13 ao.)Ss,541-546 14 Apr 58
1. (Z IV Kliniki Chorob Wewiietrznych A.M. w Wnrszawie; kierownik:
prof. dr med. Zdzislaw Askanas). Adres: ul. Oc%ki 6, IV Klin.Chore Wevn.
A.M.
(COKMISSUROTOKY,
poStOD. Spqtinj vectorenrdiorrnphy (Pol))
(TWrORGARDIOGRAPHY,
spntial. nfter commiesurotomy (Pol))

GARM, Mieczyslaw(Warsznwa, ul. Oc-.ki 6, IV Kl. Morob Awn. A.K. )
Acate poisoning by isonicotinic acid hydrazide in attempted
suicide; case report. Polski tygod. lek. 14 no.18:823-825
4 May 59.
1. (Z IV Kliniki Chorob Wewnetrznych A. M. w Warazawie; klerownik:
prof. dr mad. Zdzislaw Ankanas).
(ISONIAZID, pois.
in attempted suicide, case report (Pol))
(SUICIN
attempted by isoniazid pois., case report (Fol))

GARBETt,-J1ieczyslaw __
Synergistic therapy of edema with spirolactone and chlorothiazide.
Polskie arch. med. wown. 31 no.12:1641-1648 161.
1. Z Rhode Island Hospital-Providence, R.I. V3A
(ALDOSTERONE antag) (CHLOROTHIAZIDE t;er) (RDEM ther)

GARBER, M. I.
Dekorativnoe shlifovanie i polirovanie. Moskva, 1-fasligiz, 1948. 185 P.
Ornamental grinding and Folishing.
SO: @%nufscturing and Yechanical Engineering in the Soviet Union, Library of
Congress, 1953.

KAKHLffICH, Lev Takovlevich. Prinimali uchantiye:--GARM X I ; mMuIEN,
ttA--!@ --7@!
T.D.; SIDOROT, T.I.. BZTMTVM, ItTa,, red,; XAT@=A, L-.A.,
tekhn.red.
[Machine repair shops in clothing factories] Remontno-makhani-
chaskie masterskie shveinykh predpriiatii. Moskva, Vaes.koop.
izd-vo, 1959. 254 p. (MIRA 13:5)
(Clothing industry-Equipment and supplies)

GARBAR, M.I.
Special considerati6n should be given to the quality of Plasticso
(KUU 13112,
Plast.massy no..lltl-2 160. '31
(Plastics)

C-dARBAR, M. I. -
Expand the us.: -3f plastics in agriculture. Plast.r-ar-sy no.1:1-3
161. (MIRA 14:2)
(Plastics) (Agriculture)

BADALOVA, E,I.; GAFMR) M.I.; STRIZENSM, I.V.
Anticorrosive bitumen insulation vith a 3trenghtening envelope
made of a fiber glass material. Sbor. nauch. rab. AMI no.2:94-97
160. (MIRA 15:5)
(Pipelines)

GAHi3!!R, M.I.; SHLUGEIII, Z.I.A., doktor takhn.rAuk, retzqenzen@;
ULIM-20(, L.A., doktor tekhn.nauk, Prof., red.
[Decorative grinding and polishing] Dekorativnoe shlifo-
vanie i polirovanie. Izd.2., dop. 1 perer. Moskva, Ma-
shinostroenie, 1964. 190 p. (1-111-Ut 17:11)

SHAWHAZAROVs A.Be. profs*,, GARBER, N.M. (Simferopol').
- -
Side effects of ACTH. Vrach.delo no.11:1201 N158 (MIRA 12:1)
@. Klinika diagnostiki vnutreurqikh bolezney (zav. - prof* A.Be
Shakhnazarov) Xr7makogo maditainakogo institutae
(ACTII) -

25(l)-
SOV/117-59-4-16/36
AUTHORS: Morozov, V.T. and Garber, la.M., Engineers
C3
TITLE: Cementation with a Special Paste
PERIODICAL: Mashinostroitell, 1959, Nr 4, p 32 (U3SR)
ABSTRACT: The use of cementation paste is recommended for ce-
menting machine parts, instead of the conventional
solid carburizer. The article gives detailed re-
commendations on the preparation of a paste consisting
of 85 weight parts of gas soot, 10 parts of soda ash,
5 parts of potassium ferricyanide, and 200 parts of
waste spindle oil. The paste is put on the work in a
3-4 mm layer, and the work surface that is not to be
treated is covered with a paste made of 6TIlo fireclay
and 40% chamot with a quantity of water glass needed
L3
to form the paste. The boxes with parts '11 be placed
l
6w
into a chamber furnace heated to 920-930
c
. After cemen-
tation,, the parts will be cooled in air together with
Card 1/2

OSOV/117-59-4-16/36
Cementation with a Special Paste
the box, or hardened in the conventional way. The ob-
tained surface hardness is R,= 56 1 60.
Card 212

SHAKHNAZAROV, M. N.; LAKISOVA,, 0. V.j @4pp,j%.,m. (Simferopol')
Results of the clinical study of the new Soviet preparation,
etafen, for the previntion and treatment of stenocardia. Vrach.
delo no.3:143-145 Mr 162. (MIRA 15:7)
1. Kafedra diagnostiki vnutrennikh bolezney (zav. - prof. A. B.
Shakhnazarov) i gospitallnoy terapii (zav. - prof. P. A.
Tepper) lechobnogo fakul'teta Krymskogo meditsinskogo instituta.
(VASODILATORS) (ANGINA PECTORIS)

SHAKHNAZAROV, A.G., prof.; I-G"- =1-67
Case of a typical grave course of eosinophi-le pneumonia. Vrache
delo no.8:108-109 Ag@160. (NIRA 13:9)
1. Kefedra diagnostiki vnutrennikh bolezney A.B. Shakhnazarov)
Krymskogo meditsl@tskogo, instituta.
(PNEUMONIA)

ALIN, Aleksandr Dmitriyevich, doktor tekhnicheskikh nauk, professor;
NNGHSTOY, G.P., inshener, retsenzent; QA@ @ , inzhener.
redaktor; MATVJCYJCYA, Ye.N., tekhniche-skTy redaktor
[Mechanization of operations in improving meadows and pastures]
Hekhanizatsiia rabot po ulushcheniiu lugov i pastbishch. Moskva,
Goe.nauchno-tekhn.izd-vo mashinostroite lit-ry, 1957. 327 P.
(Pastures and meadows) (XLRA 10:9)

BOKOLYAR) Isaak Moiseyevich; GARBER, M.R., inzh., retsenzent; DOBRITSYPA,
R.I., tekhn. red.
[Machinery and equipment for asphalt-concrete work) Mashiny i obo-
rudovanie dlia asfal'tobetomr1kh rabot. Moskvaj Gos. nauchno-
tekhn. izd-vo mashinostroit. lit-ry,, 1961. 155 P. (MIRA 14:1.1)
(Road machinery) (Pavements,, Concrete)

Earrov-7 by ..a
("T A ll,:2)
T k no.3:'-4, '5'-
1. V-,P-,o:,uzny_,
ins U

GAPJ3ER, M.Ye.; TSYPIII, I.Z.
rys. Biul, tekh.-,@!,on. inform. Gos. nauch.-
Wear resistant allc 17 no.4-@86-87 Ap 164.
issi. inst. nauch. i tekh. inform. (@uRA 17:6 )
vl.

GUTM,Ull, V-11,.-, GA!-0;,;t 1;.Yc.. jj,-!,-2st-;yv: Z-.;Llic!A!;,
YA 2
GIUN:D@;AGJ, A.Ya.;
Raising the wear resistance of equipmrit parts operating in a hydrauLic
abrasive modium. U,-Ol' 39 no.9-61-63 S '64.
1. vsovoylull@w( i
inotLtut alol'110.1-0

GARp,gq , . I. (Drepropstrovsk)
. _. , 1;
f T.,reshly Infected '4ounrls in the !,I,,ht of Fxperii-
"Primary Excision o plntll
N OV4 Arkh. JJ19 'Voj.3@, Pa.-Cla 21;3.-300, linelm-sif ied
-Plir , Q

/V,
ReparativiTfe protmwW Y kostnoi, tk-W. Uabenii gFarAtA)--
genrmea ostsuctielita penitaillinomo @@ingy processoo im, tbe
bcae tissm during pmioillin tAcroW of bemtogenovj vateo-
myeUU97 nimrgliz, Moskva No. 6 Am 51 p. 2L--),,
I, Of th3 Sur[Acai Clinic (Director-Prof. IN. 1. Garbar)..
Children's Clinical Hospital of Daspropetmak-
Institutea

APCESSION NR: AT4016316 S/0006/62/000/000/0338/0341
AUTHOR: Panova, A. N.; DobVoyinskaya, Ye. R.; Garber, P. R.
TITLE: Scintillation and luminescence properties of NaI(TI, Cu) "d NaI(Cu)
crystallophosphors
SOURCE: Vses. soveshch. po fiz. shchelochnogaloidn. kristallov. 2d, Riga, 1961.
T@udy*. Fiz. Bhchelochnogaloidn. kristallov (Physics of alkali halide crystals). Riga,
1902, 338-341
TOPIC TAGS: luminescence, phosphor, crystallophosphor, scintillation, alkali halide,
alkali halide crystal, sodium iodide, copper, coyner@@mlnescence activator,
scintillation counter
A13STRACT: The effect of Cu-admixtures on the scintillant properties was studied in
NaI(TI) crystals in an effort to perfect nuclear radiation counters in which the crystals
are essential. The study included the distribution and assimilation of Cu in the crystals,
the dependence of the scintillant effectiveness on the Cu-concentration and the resolution
and spectral characteristics of the orystals. , The cherkical. analysis of specimens,
grown by a liquid-phase convective mixing process, showed that the admWures readily
Card 1/2 a

ACCESSION NR: AT4016316
assimilate and are distributed according to the Pfann equation, the distribution factors
being 0. 03 and 0. 13 for CU20 and CU212, respectively. The luminoup efficiency of the
crystals grown from Nal with Cu I admixtures of 1. 10-4 to 5 . 10-"i weight % Cu showed
212
a drop to 40-50% of its initial v ue for concentrations of Cu as high as 5 - 10-2%. In
contrast, the crystals activated with Cu2O showed an equal drop for 2. 5 - 10-4% Cu.
The luminescence of NaI crystals with @Z) I - 10-4% Cu was found to produce a narrow
intensive 375 my band and a broad, less Intensive 465 mju band. Cu-admixtures were
found to reduce the resolution of a scintillation counter with a Nal crystal. "In conclusion,
the authors express thanks to A. B. Blank for his constant interest in the work and to
Z. B. Baturicheva for help in making the measurements. 11 Orig. art. has: 3 fig@res and
1 table.
ASSOCIATION: VNII Monokristallov (All-Union Scientific Research Institute for Mono-
crystals)
SUBMITTED: 00 DATE ACQ: 06Mar64 ENCI. 00
SUB CODI;; 6T, NO REF SOV: 000 OTHER: 000
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COOMplittely dw vwdAwwm cd twin fogmatloo. R. G.
11 a - S L A 29YALLUNCAL LOVO&IM CLUWICAION
An A s a ow 0 4 2 0 1
161 010 0010; 0 0 0 069960090046 0
& & 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o a
-00
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300
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1 10 . - A- 41 @11 --L -L I I - -
Is 11 4 a 6
-IW
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UL
& & a ;96i@Thm kyall"t1my.1i
(d. C. A. W. 41046) fthm Pbw 1w A tmwP- f-
-too to 440% 7% usedorm" of ekatic twisaws
re wo no AM for temVIL wo I
time -1190, 6@ "bile bw@ "" bmul
at be I=*. a" fA dMmw 6=p& ift liwk
'd denticky do INVINNIMISMIS=
&$A-ILA MINTALL"GICAL UTIMATO" CLAgWICAIMM
wx IIIIII&FIR ----
via.. V@Ifll
-00
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.40
0
'00
boo
k*&@
Iwo 0
0 gr 'A 9 A, ID of; 4 j i ; -6 i ; i i i i 1; 1 1 56 0 4 1 1v p5 A 0 1 9 v
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ore 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 Joe*
0 a 0 0 0 9 0 0 a * 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 & 0 0 0 0 0

I
'AA
I
00 A
00
0 0 d
00
go
06
Go W
1 a. I L A
U 19 V go U
SAW W041)(I" u"610- Hyrn' though
Arm amijettfigg rif cold-worW cryttats was :a_
=,d to ruaft it& a le"Ing of the yield pAnt
I =rearindrim is rodwWoamwing &I a highertemp.
(-66. for'-sact) *" do Aw.J. Elucidation ot the
relation bittims (am tkstk stresses and strenCh *a%
Mught -- -U an calcite crymals where t*in.
nips in p1slok-M.".11.
IN*- list to fto'z@@ stresarvalinn. l4rcla"gow.
W1.411411c Phil" *-21) M"t. Inag. the 1:1 x 4
It, I X 0 wo.) colevisling with Ilsovyinturtry jdane A the
talwo mn. sabocted to 4eformatlan multitid in a
twimwd aM alM the .. sactlats. The *W polat Y
was ". ft sk , - S' oboavvion of the twin layer
1 =10memboWls; the sitnest dgtn. was repeated after
F In 5 cesm out of 24 did Y remain uu-
clutard; tbese Cates mwdl- 12 bri. at 430'
to 10 cola. at =DO, rate of cooling 240-MI/hr. In all
the remitivisill cam. Y roo- utter appealing, the istio of
locrew brial; for iimpk, 1.31 (S min. at 40)"), 3.5
(A bm at 4,11)"). and 4.3, 3-34% SJM (from W-W to I W
jsq@-mm') few 3 WA44" treated together ( " hirs. at
.1. Than Is no explaftlion for the unchanged Y In A
ease% nor h 11twe va obvious relation between the chan4w
Its Yand tk condkiom of earstallag It W however,
been testabliskd that amwallus of Mattel CZ-1tv, "ever
n-Adts In a lowering of V and mostly mises it. The rc-
Qual chutses can only be located at the boundaries be.
IW"u the twinned layer and the unaffected part til The
-Y%W- That the latter Am not mutlified was olcmun.
&ITALLUKKAL LITI Strated by citestorittim of On original condition through
tvtnat id twinalog *ad wbatlont renewril twinning
Mogmado. A new IniWas layer. produced after 44" *W1019
anneallaig of the aristasd am. thom time UMW Rnv Y, 1111AII mov w
s boat 100 as comparted with about 3W for tboc I It 9 31F it 9 A a 1 0 9-
amweled X. Tbou
wee
110411

1wvw

IT -V I- C.Of-v.
4
_4
1
.40
mack"im of Calcme and after t-imnind U640C PtAk1kc
I'h
defamatim
j
(IT N S It I
K
1
4@ J
; 1
.
.
.
.
.
*
y
KU . * 14
, It.'
. 11
'Kiiji6l; ; cf
c
I
41
.
.
..
.
,
I-IMr.-ill tWiVINIVIS Utkkt PLPIk-dri-11111411.111 1. 11CICIT11411
of 4dMinct 14 the .00
1110 VItAl, fk%jn41@Vvv III '1,11141k' h.4111,jItIM k0l
o.lole Iin 14yrts. arml 1hitlirtsins 4 Ifir 1*41 A
qw ftd)h4 Is ileftlilsetl ItW lbr sarkplerown4l enredepawn 1`410
00 It MALCS ft littvv,tiblor 1'. 0,1-1 %, dt.-
of t cr
stA zut(Acr t1wing the fumutitut A
040 y

of mor tante. ItI,dcnt-o.-
I be con tarl futlatv 14 of pr late Imi
'
tetl that iticrraw tw derrrast in euKthorthickor@-441se,
114 v.Go
"eta-tic t-i-- 6 dttd. Ivy tunditiont or& tbvir 6xilAtty
00
0 0 mulacm Tbv 44malk,4% of $,cvIy@yntbetk %-ivx* i. .%. 1
pLined. Methods ase giren for the thichu-si 00 0
0 L4 layerl. hl. Blocher, Jr. 4 1
1 5:0 0

Physico-Technical Institute
A cadeaW of Sciences of the Ukrsdrd nan @x
,
SSRY

_VO 0
t1.00

A a L S jVAj11:r1,KAk L11140441 U*9
weal
11 10 11 91 it R a tj rt 19 C1 ' "13 4 0 14
a
*
0 sees so 0 0 0 41
*
0

WWWWOSOOSOOOO *-* 411F
IS W 10 X :1 U
A I 1_-L--L 4 1, r q o I T I AA It 1A M I I
4[
411,411,
00 .*14tiV41 by twat -(WAI IM lit FtW 0-13
(orntAtim of ellistic twim Ow lot at votwit.of (tit liwl neat -00
the contact point (it the ((%$I and the Cfy1tal 6 e-mential. .00
MWAjIM of WwLg of calcite a;d of so" n6s bY since only under special contlttt-@ Is the oece@ay luctitit.
"OA 44jaralld". (JArbri. HX?d- TAJ-d- tion of twin nuclei warranted. M toots G. tLwd apbcrw@l
hy.. cf.C.A.41, nl I! IIIII("I knm for which the ovical conditionl; of
r
7314S .-,Vew exilts. Of Whichitmillibletb4cilWP460111 the I r"tkin of the intriferrlice IshrmwivnA wrtv
00 ri- of the Newton title !m Fillp furnwd on the "Ufa" UIS a StartScoLACISP AeUPPMAtY. Die 14VIRAIkOn 14 the V14%IW
ekiteeMialinemisetwittgaletks4tL.ptdbodtatA.shuw Itaint, is wrly arnsilicely 11,41w.Ilni Ily 414111vilonq oI lite
%be ctialractesittitic dwkistument atio-called cla3lic twins Initial regular IntMerrou'v 41.10 of "Italtes. The ululliple
in qlW fint stage of gilding end p1glacic ykM. The el"tic fornuIj,, of polysynthelic UntellAs I* esitc@Ltilr well ob- @00
twins arv VT1y thin at 114;M1 603111as in the Interior '"'I nd illmleaved in IL iluperliciij roughening of the 00
0,' of the cry-tAl =N11tick ,.w AA a functilm of 11tv 'l11vChk-kn-4Ib.IdivWuJ
0 J, load Alml ell4no to thicker twin 141-11" under b"vir ria.tirtain jmj@114q Wonly Ito thronhi tit The nagullude of "4110
"I Wiab at a SAW SIAV. The rl"tic twin lauwltm an rr- 11.1-1,lj olier,,n. Hot SPY w-roo,14tr growth Italy calls be
00 vmItIk. I.#. tbcy, _ be _L-t by unloAding the vhjngrl unde, IL%ui jAp olk Ilm,nint. noil nt@natcvlk:
crpt,b. OcnpionWly, jh- are also artwersible phr- irtm of more or it-" lbkk ordiamy twm systrins w=
0 totAlly rcimbed but follow Ij* "me ru" ot cryst. phic ntj I is was
P01331lUk Of APUSHC lWillIt Whkb "fe n"( Allogm crie k in VA
remain p&dly slabk clpeciatty if -14 niter it prrswd under
a Stu,$ of a wptilp-Ghap"t t,.A (e.g. a bLuk of a knife). p-i.xi'ly dv@@rtl-d Sty 114-Imb, IIJ11111114int, %turf9r,
The@e tms@.Alled -wedvd clAstic twin%- "V. however. tv- ;-111-11. AItAI IMMY ollh-r So llulotriCAI dAtA
tv I. .... oLac talcill, on lh@ ali'lialt
t-Llhlo- jtIj 111,, Lit- gri-th o( OW IAHICIIAI. W. I"tO zoo
WIMP 1; .00
CLAISIFKAYlcm
14, *'1.
T I I I',- - ", I-
It m it it 41 it It An I I a 1W 0
It - It 1 24
a tt It
dill 411' 410 11111 11111 0 q! 000*0 0000 111110 9 00 0
1-0 * 411 0 0 Ole 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11111 * 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0
TO - Is 4D 0 40 Ill 0 49 0 0000 le 0 0 0 'D 0 * 0

a Ji 6 i Mor W-w- W--,w--
0 1 is 14 it M ly is As it jj a A A A ;) A A 1; 1, W 1) p 0 h. I` so
L a 9 r 4 A I 1 1 1-1 1 1 .0 a %x W U I a k - d - f
it, AO 1 .1, "1 sit .,tole
i
Ilorst orp'tioure of twinned crystals of calcite and sods
P
o niter. RAX'Arbrr. J.Evpd.
:0 ac, 17. W-709117)(In Russolan)-*rnt: "wedgril ClAltil- 10111"
insisted by the plaStic deformation o(calcite or @.IA niter
0* "Y41414 UtUltr lV1441 life 1191-tAbIC When hC-A(Ctl. C9VItAlt.
withi xi,tingfixin IttinellAtotthlo kind (cf.
040 -66
were br,&W its ;sstirmlain, SIA-, Or Silk-it XIA%4 C4HnAirWfN to
ternin. uraf t1scir in. orJecusupts. tesnp@.: cAkite in Wiling
S (It. 441 *) or its a muffle furnAm it) 1*00) anti VOL)'.: MXIA
ititcr let I.Whis [wrizoplittione (b. MOAV) or naplithAlvite 00
(*-,Is*) (W water. The higher Ilk- rximmum tensp.. the ni-ve Kee
promptly asul completely the wedged rListit: twits lank-114%
slitaistwared (nonseraois pholotnk-ropaphs show sletaili). =00
It 6 incht. remarkable that normally no new crrtn. nuclei 40
0 are obscrvrd fumintr in the acithborhootl of the At,tic
twin lnncJIA-. It Is throvlorr c"frill That mernin. does =00
00 1 take pWc lit Such trwhank-ally delocaned plistic ina. 900
trti'lliby twist gliding. Only raimly I, it ots@,-ml thAt the
00 A Iwin% am subdi"ItA to Smaller twits amiss litfore dimispear- go*
ing, And net% nuclei of emm. are fortned. W. E.
AJL-z I :
:40 0
a*
200
lua t% W6i, 0 A., k#4
OCAL LITERATUNIE CLASUIFICATION tie 0
@r L r t.i I L, go
b U AA I I 1 '-0 0 1 OF 04 -3 AS 0 3 2
to '10 is, 11 It 61 of it Ogg strict life Ana,
000 0!
0 411 0 0 0 li@

OAR13ER I R. 1.
Nov 1947
USSR/Chemistry Sodium Nitrate
Chemistry Crystals - Toinning
"Effect of Mosaic on the Resistance of the Mechanical Twimiing of Sodium
Nitzate," R. I. Garber, S. Ya. Zalivadnyy, V. I. Startsev, Physiotechnical
Institute, Academy of Sciencs of the USSR9 Khar1kov, 2pp
DAN, Vol 58, No 4, p. 571-2.
Process of teinning in both sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate crystals
is very similar. Authors #tempt to show that a futher study of this
process has resulted in the observation that some multicrystals of sodium n
nitrate show anomalies of great resistance to mechanical twinning.
Subtrdtted by Academician M. A. Leyontovich, 13 May 1947.
PA 38TIO

OMER, R. 1. FA
Nor
'Plastic beformtIon,
4020trqWeBsive 81,11)page ZUring-the Matic Dmfor--
mtIon'of ,Book ftlti* R. I. Garber, Phymicctscb
IOC Aca& 66tIME 21 pp,
vftk Ak Nauk SM" Vol, LIMIT, No 3
jt@trogi-eosive' sUpp4a must be considered a
Ownwal prope;rty of rock.skIt crystals. Its
1x$orta;ice,In the theory of plasticity to that
the process of tie f6runtion and. disappearance
:cf.slippsge'zonse Is,-In acme respects, like
such a'process in tvIn layers.:.Sa'bmdttea by
A@S& M @I. @Tavllov I Oct h8.

twinned crystals of Iron. R. r. Goiber,
'GindEn. M. G. KonstantinovAlf. and V.-T:-St6x-W-v-(Ahys.j
InsL., Acad. -1-J. Ukr. S.".. Xharkov). DoWdy,
U S S R ".1kd. Vuk S.S.S.R. 74, 34JV4(l060),--SpecIm=z of C-;
ifree steel were annmled at 300' for 3 hra., eltmpted
then annealed 8 day3, Increaftig the temp. gMuaUv from,
4W to FM' to g1vt an av. train she of 1.5-2 tAm'. The
specimens were then broken under tension at temp. of
liquid N, lotming twinned crystals In grains near the frac-
ture. Twhwcd layers. began to d1uppear after 10 hrs' '
nnealing at &W*, and all had d1uppeared after M hrit. at
followed bX 60 h.. at QW'. H. W. Rathm,ar:o
A

I-Ae @@7
L-Ifutrin of slectral at. R r an
in ec ov
-Sinicring o
1=110= -
=,d-
i."UrdCby' roographs 1aljnrp=U@jUf1dentWiCaa31
areas after I" at 1'. ternp. Irregular projec-
timu; were rounded and shortened but not eliminated.
Cavities diminished gradually and finafly bridged over, but
at no time were the original sharp outlines of the cavities
destroyed, though some rounding of the surface edges took
The rate of Nlace wth and cavity filling was
but fluctua 't.= as a function of aging.
This fluctuation, greater than the cxptl. error, w-as at-
tributed to fluctuating proccw3 of cry3t. rcronstructkin (d.
Lukirskil, CA. 39, 4MI). The processes werL idtntical
but more rapid when the powder wa3 aged at 100 and' 150'
n

fISSR/Solid State Physics - Keechanical Properties of Crystals and Polycrystallize
Ccimpounde, E-9
Abst Journal: Referat Zhur - FizikaY No 12, 1956, 34862
Author: Garber, R. I., Gindin, I. A., Kogan, V. S., Iazarev, B. G.
Institutiont None
Title: Investigation of'Plastic-Properties of Beryllium Monocrystals
Original Periodical: Fiz. metallov i metallovedeniye, 1955, 1, No 3, 529-537
Abstract: Specimens made of Be (99.7%) were subjected to single-axis compression at
-t@empe-ratures from -253 to 8000. The speed, of deformation was constant (0.03 MM/sec).
At higher temperatures, the tests were perfo=ed in vacuum. The specimens were shaped
as rectangular parallelopipeis. The axis of the compressing forces was in the plare
o-f-the base (001). Over the entire temperature range, the deformation of Be was ac-
companied by the appearance of twin streaks. The twins occurring at -253 ard 1960,
were characterized by small thickness (2-4 mu) owing to the considerable reinforcement
on their boundaries with the mother crystal. At higher temperatures, thicker streakz
are f,,)rmed. When tha individual streaks merge with each other, the entire volume of
the crystal is transformed into the twin state without damage to its solidity. The
1 of 2

USSI.R/Solid State Physics - Mechanical Properties of Crystals and PolycrYstalli'-nf--
Compounds, E-9
AbeL vrournal: Refe-rat Zhur - Fizika, No 12, 1956, 34862
Author: Garber, R. I.A Gindin, I. A., Kogan, V. S., Lazarev, B. G.
lns-@-'itution: Nona
Title: Investigation of Plastic Properties of Beryllium MonocrystbLls
Or-�ginal PerixUcal: Fiz. metallov i metallovedeniye, 1955, 1, No 3, 529-537
Abstract: transition of the Be monocrystal into a fully-tvinned state is related to
the prccess of mechanical twinning in the (102) plane, and is particularly easy to ef-
fe--t at 4000 and above. Im addition to the principal system of twins along (102), on'a
observes also tudlns in tlie (101) and (103) planes. The mechanism of slipping of Be
depends substantially on the temperature and orientation of the specimen. In scoa
specimens,, base slipping is observed even at -1960. The plasticity of Be, which in-
creases monotonically with temperature, reaches a maximum at 4000 (@ = 26%) and di-
minishes somewhat at 6000., and increases again at 8000. The mechanical charact,-!r-
istics of the plasticity of manocrys-tals of beryllium are determined. and their de-
p-sindence on temperature. The yield point when slipping along the (100) and (101)
planes diminishes by approximately 4 times when heated from 200 to 8001.
2 of 2 - 2 -

-X, @' tl-i.' .
.- f
IAMK. H.H.; GAHMM. R.I., professor, 'Otvetatvennyy rodakt-o-r; LUTSIM. B.S..
t a khnTchddk1V.`V4`akt or
LHydrodynamic theory of metal cutting and its practical applicatioll]
GidrodinazicbeekA& teori-la7rezaaiiaC metallov i praktiba ee primenenita.
Kharikov, 12d-vo Murs-kovskogo gos. univ. Im. A.M.Gortkogo. 1956.
243 p. (MIRA 10:1)
(metal cutting)

L
Catpgory,: USSR/Soli@ State Physics - Diffusion. Bintering
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika, No 1, 1957,No 126o
Author -Garber R I., Folyakov) L.M.: Mikhaylovskiy, V.M.
Title inveatle;@Ion of Processes in Roasting of Copper
Orig Pub Ukr. fiz. zh., 1956, 1, No 1, 88-97
Abstract
Card
Card
E-6
The tearing strength of a junction of copper rings, formed at various com-
pressions and roasting temperatures, was studied at room temperature, The
roasting Vas done in v"u= (lo-5 = m cury) - The strength of the joint
is proportional to the compression, and the proportionality coefficient in-
creases with temperature. The dependence of the loguLtithm of the strength
of the joint plotted vs! the reciprocal of the roasting temperature is a
straight line, the slope of which can be used to determine the activation
energy of the roasting process. The latter is 27.6 kcal/g-atom at a pressure
of 0.7 kg/mm:2, and decreases with increasing wompression. The growth of the
crystal grain does not influence the strength of the joint, which depends on
the true contact area. Diffusion processes of surface displacement of atoms
contribute to an increaseaL joint strength. The reduced activation energy re@
sulting from the increased pressure is attributed to the influence of the
- 1/9
2/2 U

Ortegory : USSR/Solid State Physics - lNechmical Froportir. s of
Crystals and Crystpllino Co-,npounds
Abu Jour i RoV Zhur - Fizilm, No i, 1957? 140 6787
1 0
i.uthor : 2GLPrbor, R,.L. Gindin, I.A., Keg=, V.S., Ltzar(.v, B.G.
Inst : T-hysico-Tochnicni Institute, Acedony of Sciencczi, Ukr!@ino SSR
Title t X-ray Investiption of the FIrstialty of Singlc Crystals cf
Beryllium
Orig Fub i Izv. AN SSSR, sor, fiz., 1956, 20, No 6, 639-64.1
Abstract X-ray diffrt-etion, m6tallography. and micrc-inte-foro-metry
have been used to invostigrte single crystals of beryllim,,
cut in the forri of rcetmStilaY prrallolopipeds, with one
of the faces aligned with the plr--io of t@e base. Thb
sDocinans were deformed by unill?teral comprossinn at tc,:.-
paraturos from -253 to 8C.00, The results of th,-@ invosti-
gations era survarized in a trblo.
Cerd 1/2

SUBJECT USSR PHYSICS CARD 1 / 2 PA - 1479
AUTHOR GARBER,R.I., GINDINJ.A., KOGA11,V.S., LAZAR1,V,B.G.
TITLE The Recrystallization of Metals at Low Temperatures.
PERIODICAL Dokl.Akad.Nauk, 110, fasc.1, 64-66 (1956)
Issued: 11 / 1956 reviewed: 11 / 1956
This work deals with the direct observation of the microetructure of technical
iron (0,03@-" C) and nickel deformed at the temperature of liquid nitrogen. The
examination of iron and nickel makes it possible to explain the influence exer-
cised by the principal forms of plastic deformation, namely of twin-formation(?)
and creeping on the creation of inhomogeneities of the crystal lattice caused by
deformation and on the occasion of processes of recrystallization which are due
to these inhomogeneities. Fine- and rough-grained samples with 25-301@ and 100
- 200p. diameter were examined. Deformation was brought about either by rolling
or by pressing a hardened ball through an immobile thin-walled tube in liquid
nitrogen. The degree of deformation was between 5 and 14'o. The X-ray structure
analysis was carried out: a) in the initial state, b) immediately after the de-
formation in liquid nitrogen without heating up to room temperatures, c) after
a '80 to 12 hours' stay period at room temperature. Parallel ,,iith X-ray investiga-
tion a metallographical investigation of the samples was carried out.
In the Case of the iron and nickel deformed in liquid nitrogen the structure was
refined by recrystallization after heating up to 200. A microphotograph of the
structure is attached. While the ball is pressed through the tube (in liquid
nitrogen' a deformation structure is produced in the sample which is destroyed
INSTITUTION: Physical-Technical institute of-the Academy of Science in the
USSR.

AUTHOR: qqybQr,__HJ_,, Kogan, V-S- and Polyakov, L.M. 113
TITIE: Coagulation of pores in poly6onised com:@-,on salt. (Koagaly-
atsiya por v poligonizovannoy kamennQy soli.)
IT,-RIODICAL:"Fizika Metallov-i -Iletallovedenie7 (Physics of Metals and
TI-etallurgy), 1957, Vol.IV, No.1 (10), pp. 89-93P (U*-S.S.Re')'
0
ABSTRACT: Annealing at 780 C of com@aion salt single crystals under
natural conditions or subjected to slit;ht plastic deform-
ations causes polygonisation. Utilising the translucency of
specimens, it was possible to study optically the process of
coagulation of pores at the surface of blocks and the macro-
mosaic of blocks forming during the process of polygonisation.
It is shoym that the point boundaries of the blocks forming
during polygonisation of pure single-phase substances consist
of chains of coagulated pores. The formation of a step-wise
relief at the surface of the crystal near the pores have been
established which has the shape corresponding to the orient-
ation of the faces of the cube and the faces of a rhombic
dodekhedron lattice of common salt. Comparing the results
described in this paper with knovm observations of polygonis-
ation processes in metals, it can be assumed that metallo-
g3whic de-i,-ection of blocks is apparently possible only in cases
in which -the metal possesses pores, admixtures or other

Coagulation of pores in polygonised common salt. TV032t
easily diffusing components, aithou'gh blocks can also ocaur
which cannot be detected metallograp U4 cally.
7 figarest. 12 references, 5 of Which are Russian.
lb7aico-Technical Institute,
Aco,.ft,-Ukraine. Recd. May 3, 1956.

r rt
ti of an @%ter-vy Conferenir on
ReWa on Phe ena nPure Me als and Alloys SOV-3-58-9-25/36
2 - 4 A-Dr 1958, Moscow Inst. of Steele.
'Institute) covered the resilient reaction of spring alloys,
various physical and technological effects on it and the
methods of its measurement. Ya.P. Seliaskly (Institute of
Procision Alloys TsNIIChM) told of subsiding oscillations
of ultrasonic frequency in some ferromagnetic solid solutions.
R.I. Garber and A.I. Kovalev (Physico-Technical Institute
UkrSSR AS in Khar1kov) spoke of the temperature dependency
of moduli of elasticity of iron.
C&P&Q*

GARBER, R. I., GINDIN, I. R. and POLYAKOV, L. M.
"Fractioning and Sintering of Microblocks during the Plastical
Deformation of Crystals."
pftper presented at the Conf. on Mechanical Properties of Non-Metallic Solids,
Leningrad, USSR, 19-26 May 58.
Physical-Technical Instlitute of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kharkov.

@ARBER, R; I., Ye. A. TSUNIZEPI.ING,
r M. A CHERTfSHENA
"Problems of Mechanic Twin Formation of Crystals."
reVort presented at the COnfOre=4 on lmeat'gm@tion of 148chwItca`1 Pmpertiao of
Non-metals, by the Intl. SOCIStY Of P=e WA APP"ed Pbya'cg and the AS USRp
at Leningrad, 19-A N&Y 1958- 109-111)
(vest. Ak *auk SM.0 19582 00- 9, pp.

GARBER, R. I.
"Mechanical Properties of Single TwdA layers."
r presented at the Conf. on Mechanical Properties of Non-Metallic Solids,
Ieningraa, LW, 19-26 may 58.
Physical Tech. Inst., Acad. Sci. Ukr WRY Xhar.!kor

SOV/126-6-5-29/43
AUTHORS: Garber, R. I., Kogan, V. S.Jand Polyakov, L. M.
TITLE: -DrsTo-ca-tions or Pores? (Dislokatsii ili pory ?
PERIODICAL: Fizika Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 1958, Vol 6, Nr 5,
pp 934-935 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Hirsch et al. (Ref 1) reported direct observation of
dislocations which appear in aluminium foils rolled down
or otherwise reduced to 0.5 il thickness, annealed in
vacuum and etched in a dilute hydrofluoric acid solution.
These dislocations were observed by means of an electron
microscope. The present authors suggest that the
electron micrographs given by Hirsch et al. may also be
interpreted as assemblies of micropores at boundaries of
blocks of polygonized aluminium. Such micropores were
observed by the present authors (Ref 2) in their studies
of polygonization of rock-salt. Comparison of optical
micrographs of polygonized rock-salt with electron
micrographs of aluminium films (Fig 2, taken from Ref 1)
shows that they are very similar. In both cases the
mutual orientation of adjacent blocks is almost the same
Cardl/3 (1-20) and the distances between defects distributed

Dislocations or Pores@? SOV/126-6--5.-29;(43
along block boundaries differ by three orders of
magnitude, simply because of the difference between
the magnification in the tvo @,ases (40OX op-11-ical,
100 OOOX electron-microseopic). in phctographs reproduced
by Hirsch et al. there are li@es, marks', spots, etc.
inside polygonized blocks. These are ascribed to
dislocation lines and traces. The present authors point
out that such marks, lines et,-,. may also be due to non-
uniformities which are produced in-s-ide polygonized
blocks by deformation. Lnnealiag br t'-le
microscope beam prcduces gr---inS z,.' -vacp-:--cies along such
oi-e-- L
non-uniformities and soire such groupin:@s may migrate
to the block surfaces. The autllio-rs fcnelude, therefore,
that the results of Hirsch et al. c@annct be taken as a
proof of the presence of dislccoatioas in. their aluminium
samples. in contrast to et -.11 . "Ref 1) , Heidenreich
(Ref 4) did not observe any disl(catiolls or po2?e3 in
aluminium foils produced by r.)-,-I.L-).g a-nd ele3trolytic
etching with intermedia-te a-r-meal-4r.-. This may be due to
@I
Card2/3 insufficient saturation with va-lancies of such foils,
because Hirsch et al, reduced Vae thickness of their

Dislocations or Pores ? SOV/12E--S-.-9-29/43
samples to 0.5 4, while samples wea:s of
125 g thickness.
There are --- figures and 4 2 of whi",h are
Soviet and 2 En-glisb.
ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tokLni@.hes-Jy SSSR
(Phys-4co-Technical Institute, !,.:!.'FC.i@Ssp,)
SUBMITTED: August 26, 1957
Card 3/3

AUTHORS: Garber, R.I. , Kovalev, A. I. 32-t-24-4--46/67
.Iimlim'@WQ@@P
TITLE: Investigations of the Temperature Dependence of the Elasticity
Modulus of Iron (Issledovaniye temperaturnoy zavisimosti moduley
uprugosti zheleza)
PER ODICAL: Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1958, Vol. 24, Nr 4, pp. 477-479 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: S.A. Lavrent'yev (Ref 2) suggested a system for the determination
of normal ela3tioity and of the bending moduluz at low fre-
quenaie3. However, the method causes difficulties if measurments
have to be carried out in a vacuum and at high temperatures as
well as in the case of determinations of damping decrement. A meth-
od is described which can be applied for determinations at the
above mentioned conditions at temperatures of up to 10000 C and In
~ high vacuum at frequencies of from I to 12 c. It may be seen from
~ schematical dravring that the sample under investigation@ which 4-9
in a molybdenum resistance furnace, is fastened above to a sill
beam, whereas the lower end ia connected with a pendulum. A plat'.n-
um-platinum/rhodium element is welded to the upper part of the
sample and the weights are welded onto the ends of the pendulum.
Card 1/2 The weights at i-he same time 3er7t as thi magnetio cores for two

Investigations of the Tempirature Dependence of the 32-24-4-.46/67
Elasticity Modulus of Iron
magnets each. Or-e pair of the latter is used for rotation and the
other for the benSing of the sample. A rAvolving drum with a pho-
tographio paper which racordi the bean of light reflected by a
mirror on the penduLlum and thua also the motions performed by the
pendulum. In tb-5 cou-.--,i3 of the determinations of the eiasticJty-
and bending modul-as the logarithmic damping decrement did not ex-
oeed 0-3, so that the ma J-1m error amountei to 0.2%. R-33ulis were
computed according to gi-Ter. formu.IoLe. The total maximum error at
increased temperatures amowii-.93 tc 2.,5%. From the mentloned,
a hysttrees-LV phancmanon at the teirrperutura Jr-OP at 9000C is
mentioned, which had a-'-eaa_v been by Kbs-'e7 (Ref 5). Ther-_
is good agreemen'. betiveen re,sui-@a obtained by ana pUb.-
lished data., according to which tha of irDn AoWs a sharp
rise i-- the course of palymorphous traasfoma-t@.ons. For -.:Ie paper
under discussion Poissanva raf.-*o, which rises sharply at -
@505 and
attains its maximum at 9WO, is considered to be a
characteristic of plastic-14,y- There are 2 figures, ax..3 6 rtT@renoes@
3 of which are Soviet.
1. Iron--@1echanical properties 2. Iron--Test methods
3. Iron--TemperaX_Uie__TTOtors
Card 212

24(2)
AUTHORS: jq@rber,,P,_I., Kogan, V. S., Polyakov, L. M. SOV/56-35-6-7/44
TITLE: The Growth and the Dissolution of Pores in Crystals
(Rout i restvoreniya por v kristallakh)
PERIODICAL. Zhurnal eksperimentallnoy i teoreticheskoy fiziki, 1958, Vol 35,
.Nr 6, PP 1364-1368 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In the present paper the authors describe the experimental
determination of the time-dependence of diffusion processes of
sintering and of pore coalescence in rock salt. The results obtain-
ed agree well with the theoretical formulae by I.M. Lifehits and
V.V. Sledov (Ref 1): V-(4/9).Dv9vr, (T) - 2 ( D v,,T) t/ Q "Aand
v 0
OL. oVco/kT (D v- diffusion coefficient of vacancies,T= duration
of sintering, Q. = total initial oversaturation, 6. surface taidw,
V - the volume of a vacancy, co - vacancy concentration; the first
equation describes the law of pore growth,.the second the time-
depqndence of the zone breadth in which the pores dissolve).
The authors'numerically determled a number of parameters
Card 1/3 characterizing diffusion in rock salt, as e.g. the diffusion

The Growth and the Dissolution of Pores in Crystals SOV/56-35-6-7/44
coefficient D(T), T in OK:
T C further, the time-dependence of the breadth
693 7.9-10- 10 of the sintering zone for 500 and 650*C
-9 (Fig 4), the dependence of pore dimension
773 3-1-10 on sinterin of long duration (t-5000C)
923 1.6.10-8 (Fig 5), Int / ) as a function of ln
10-7 (Fig 6), etc. Attached to this article are
1023 0-7- very good photographs of salt-, iron-, and
magnesium single crystals, of pores and salt
crystal bridges in various degrees of enlargement, at various
sintering temperatures, and.various durations of sintering (up to
60 hours).. It is- shown -that- sintering phenomena develop not only as
& xesult of the..dissolution of pores.and the direct exit of the
vacancies an the.free surfaae.-but also-via an intermediate stage
in which the vacancies accumulate on maorodefects with subsequent
formation-of large negative crystals on the latter. Coalescence of
pores was observed in the annealing of single crystals of metallic
samples-, the preparation method of which (vacuum distillation etci)
is made responsible for the initial porosity. Thus, the vacuum
treatment of iron crystal took 42 hours at 10000 C (Fig 11), that
Card 2/3 of the Mg single crystal 60 hours at 400-420 0C. In conclusion

Tho'Growth and the Dissolution of Pores in Crystals SOV/56-35-6-7/44
the authors thank Professor I. M. Lifshits and V. V..Slezov for
discussions, and V. K. Sklyarov for his help in carrying out the
experiments.-There are-12 figures, 1 table, and 4 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATIOR: Fiziko-takhnichookiy institut Akademii nauk Ukrainskoy SSR
(Physico-Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences,
Ukrainskaya SSR)
SUBMITTED. June 17, 1958
Card 3/3

AUTHORS: Garber, R. I., Mo,@il lni':ov, T. T. 2o-3-17/59
TITLE: Internal Fricti3n ai,d Plastic Defor=ation of Over3treased
Micro-Regions in a Solid (linutrenneye treniye i plastiches-
kaya deformatsiya perenapryaz hen nykh mikrooblastey tverdogo
tela)
PERIODICAL: Doklady A117 355R, Ic.156, Vol. 115, Nr 3, pp. 479-482 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The increase of the viscosity with the a-,plitude of the
oscillation must be attributed to the influence of the
overstresses which are located in the micro-re@jons
(mikroblast'). Here the following must be assumed: At every
cycle of the chanL:e of the stress in such zicro-regi=s a
certain part of the elastic ener.-y is consumed for the
work, which has to be performed in t@.e plasic deformation.
But various basic ideas of t-'-.o- theory of the elastic -
plastic deformation disatrree with such an assumption.
Obviously this theory, includin6 the plasticity of the
overstressed micro-reSions, has to be examined more closely.
The inhomogeneity of real solids becomes manifest in
Card 114 completely different investigations. Very small deformations
.rl

Internal Friction and Plastic Deformation of Over3tresoed 2o-3-17,."59
Micro-Re&ions in a Solid
seem to divide the solid into nicro-blocks. The plastic
deformation of such a block must lead to a new distribution
of the stressec in the micro-region, which surrounds this
blockv by which the plastic blocks can become plastically
deformed. T'--e authors here investigated the dependence of
the logarithmic decrement of the dampinj; of oscillations in
lead on the additional (with advnnci-C time increauing)
stresses. The performance of these investii;ations is
shortly described. Provicinnal investigations showed that
the decrement of the dampin.- in lead at rorxi temperature
does not depend on the amplitude of the oscillations. The
same decrement does, at these conditions, not depenl of
those additional stresses either, which in a thin-walled
tube are caused by the susperided stress and by the pressure
of the compressed air inside the tube. The results of the
measurements are illustrated in dia@;rams. The v_nrious
curves, which are contained in this dia.Tram, correspond
with the oscillograms taken tip tit the v,%rious pressures. The
difference between the initial values anti the final values
of the decrement decreases with the decr2ase of tAat
Card 2
pressure at which the oscillo-rams were ta%en. As soon as

Inte-"nal "riction and Plastic Deformation of Overstressed 2o-3-17/59
Micro-Re&ions in a Solid
the increase of the pre3sure in the tube was interrupted
the decrement of damping immediately decreased to the initial
value, and this independent of the fact, if pressure in the
tube is present or not. The observed increase of the
decrement of damping obviously depends on the velocity of
pressure rise and also on the maEnitude of the additional
stress. The result of this work can be interpreted as
follows: In the case of the elastic torsion-oscillations of
the tube a part of theelastic energy ic consumed for the
plastic deformation of the overstressed micro-regione which
occur on occasion of the increasin '- of the additional
stresses at increasing pressure inside the tube. There are
2 figures and 5 references, 3 of which are Slavic.
ASSOCIATION: Physical Technical Institute of the AN USSR, Kharlkov
(Kharlkovskiy fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut Akademii nauk
SSSR) Pedago.-ical institute imeni G. S. S@ovoroda, Khar1kov
@harlkovskiy pedagogicheskiy institut imeni G. S.
Card 3/A Skovorody)

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33

GAnM, R. I.
Mechanical properties of one of twins interlayers. Yiz.tver.tela
1 no-5:814-825 My 159. (MIRA 12:4)
1. lisiko-takhnichask institut AN USSR. Iharlkov.
(Calcite crystalml (Dislocations in crystals)

GARBF.R. R.I.; GINDIN, I.A.; STAROWBOV. YajD.
Thermal hardening of twinned layers of iron crystals. Fiz.tver.
tela 1 no.12:1801-1805 D 159. (MIRA 13:5)
1. Fiziko-tekhnicheski7 institut All USSR, Kharlkov.
(Iron--Heat treatment)

66900
SOV/126-8-i-.18/25
AUTHORS: Garb ar,._ Gindin, 1. A., Kovalev, A.I. and Shubin,Yu-,V.
TITLE: Study of the Plastic Properties of Monocrystal 7% of
Beryllium. II.
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, 1959, vol 8, Nr 1,
PP 130-139 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In the present paper slip processes in monocrystals of
beryllium which have not been submitted to preliminary
twinning have been studied and the relationship between
slip and fracture of beryllium in the white temperature
range has been established. Specimens were made from
monocrystals of a beryllium block grown by slow cooling
of the melt in vacuum. The purity of the original
material was 99.7%. Cutting of the block was carried
out by an electro-corundum disk on a grinding machine.
The worked layer was removed by etching the beryllium
with an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid. The
specimens had the shape of a rectangular prism,
3.5 x 4.0 x 7.0 mm. All prism facets were ground. Two
side faces (3-5 x 7.0 mm - type-a face and 4.0 x 7.0 mm
type-b face) were polished. From the Lauegvams it was
Card 1/5 evident that the crystals were undistorted. The experi-

SOV/12@_"89-18/25
Study of the Plastic Properties of Monocrystals of Beryllium. II.
ments were carried out under conditions of compressive
deformation on a special press (Ref 6) at a constant
deformation rate (0-03 mm/sec) at temperatures of -253,
-1.96, 20, 4oo, 600 and 800*C. The specimens were
orientated in such a way that the basal plane (0001) made
an angle of 45 + 1.50 with the axis of the compressive
forces (Fig 1). The side face of the specimen was
parallel with the crystallographic plane of the primary
prism (1100) and subsequently also parallel to the primary
diagonal L11205 . The metallographic and X-ray methods
used for the studies have been described earlier by Garber
et al. (Refs 1,7). Indexing of the exposed elements Of
plasticity and fracture was carried out according to the
traces of deformed bands and cracks on previously polished
specimen faces. The results were plotted on a standard
sterecgraphic projection of the basis plane of the crystal.
An X--ray analysis method was used for the orientation of
specimens and for the supplementary control of elements
of slip and fracture, The structure of the bands of basal
slip was studied also electronmicroscopically. In Fig 2
Card 2/5 traces of slip occurring in monocrystals of beryllium at

66901
SOV/126-8-1-18/25
Study of the Plastic Properties of Monocrystals of Beryllium. II.
various temperatures are shown schematically. Photo-
micrographs of the surface of specimen faces after
compression at 200C are shown in Fig 3a and b and the
micro-interference picture of the relief of these
surfaces in Fig 3b and 2- The slip bands have been
resolved electronmicroscopically as slip packets. At
-196 and +200C the thickness of the packet is the same,
namely 0.1-0.3 il (Fig 4). The magnitude of slip can be
estimated from the displacement of a scratch intersecting
the trace of the slip band in a type-b face (Fig 5)-
In Fig 6 compression curves for monocrystals of
beryllium (curves for various slip temperatures along
the abscissae axis) are shown. I mm along the abscissae
axis corresponds to 60 4 deformation; I mm: along the
ordinate axis corresponds to a load of 18 kg. Fig 7
shows the temperature dependence of the mechanical
characteristics of monocrystals of beryllium- a s - yield
stress in compressioni ab - UTS in compression; 6 - total
residual compression; 6 - residual compression
prior to the appearance of tfle first sUp bands. Fig 8
Card 3/5 shows the prismatic slip in monocrystals of beryllium.,
a - slip trace in a type-a face. Compression at 200C by

-66 01
SOV/123_3 1-18/25
Study of the Plastic Properties of Monocrystals of Beryllium. II.
1.2%; X 10 000; b - trapeze-like slip trace in a type-a
face. Compression at 4ooOC by 1.5%, X 432. Fig 9 shows
photomicrographs of cross-sectional microcracks formed as
a result of non-uniformity of shift in the slip along the
slip bands. Fig 10 shows slip traces of a polygonized
monocrystal of beryllium. The slip planes are wavy.
polygonization blocks can be seen. The treatment
consisted in compression by 0.6% at 20*C, annealing at
800% for 3 hours, followed by repeated compression by
o.8% at 200C. x 8ooo, The table on p 137 shows the
crystallographic elements of slip, twinning and fracture
and the temperature region in which they occur. Fig 11
is a standard Stereographic projection of the basal plane
tOO01) of a monocrystal of beryllium. The orientation
of monocrystals of beryllium is shown in Fig 12. The
authors arrived at the following conclusions.
1. The essential aspect of plastic deformation of
beryllium in a wide temperature range (--1960 to -,-8oo0c)
is slip along the base (0001) in the direction rJ12'
Card 4/5 The slip in beryllium differs fundamentally from that in

669c/
SOV/126-8-i-18/25
Study of the Plastic Properties of Monocrystals of Beryllium, II,
other hexagonal crystals. Beryllium has a large number
of different crystallographic twinning systems.
Mechanical twinning is not responsible for the great
brittleness of beryllium. Re-.forming of twins within
an entire crystal leads to an increased plasticity and
strength of the crystal in subsequent slip. An
unevenness in movement along basal slip planes has been
observed. This causes the formation of microcracks
along prism and secondary pyramidal planes. Thus the
brittleness of beryllium is associated with a large
number of cleavage planes which are exposed particularly
strongly because of the non-uniformity of slip at low
temperatures.
There are 12 figures, I table and 13 references, 8 of
which are Soviet and 5 English.
ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-toklinicheskiy instJhit AN UkrSSR qz@
(Physico-technical Institute, Ac.Sc.. UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: December 24, 1957
Card 5/5

67771
/Y. 7,5-00 SOV/126-8-5-24/29
AUTHORS: -Garber, R.I., and Kovalev, A.I.
TITLE: Determination of the Relaxation Per od in the
Polymorphic Transformation of IroV
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, Vol 8, 1959, Nr 5,
PP 785-788 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: According to Oster (Ref 1) and Bratina and Winegard (Ref 2),
in the polymorphic- transformation temperature regions of
cobalt (Ref 1) and zirconium (Ref 2) a considerable
increase in the logarithmic decrement of elastic
oscillations takes place. This should lead to a sharp
t
fall on the decrement-versus-temperature curves when
phase changes are completed and the temperature is
increased. The position of the fall does not change when
the frequency changes which makes it difficult to
determine the relaxation characteristics of the effect.
This can be overcome by determining the dependence of the
decrement on frequency at a fixed temperature.If there is
Card a maximum at a definite frequency, the product of the
1/3 relaxation period and the cyclic frequency is
approximately unity. The present investigation of
internal friction of iron at the alpha-gamma transformation

6777k
SOV/1206-8-5-24/29
Determination of the Relaxation Period in the Polymorphic
Transformation of Iron
temperature was based on this. The test pieces and
method were as previously described (Ref 3). The
0.04% C iron test pieces after machining were vacuum
annealed at 950 OC for 15 hours and cooled to room
temperature. The test temperature was then attained at
1 C per minuteg being maintained for 10-20 minutes to
eliminate temperature gradients. Oscillographic
recording of torsional vibrations was carried out at
10-15 00 intervals (8 OC in the transformation region).
Five series were carried out with frequencies of 1.087
1.80, 2.6o, 5.00 and 6.80 c/s. Results for 0-1000 OC
at 2.6 and 6.8 c/s are compared in Fig 11 while Fig 2
gives the curves for 800-1000 OG at 6.8 cJs obtained on
heating and on cooling. Fig 1 shows that at a given
temperature the decrement depends on temperature, the
greatest difference being at the temperature of the
Card sudden change. Fig 3 was therefore constructed2 giving
2/3 the greatest value of the decrement, obtained at the
alpha-gamma transformation, as a function of the
oscillation frequency. The curve has a pronounced

67771
SOV126-8-5-24/29
Determination of the Relaxation Period in the Polymorphic
Transformation of Iron
maximum at 2.6 c/s, corresponding to a relaxation process
whose period is 0.06 seconds. The authois attribute this
to transformation processes localized at phase boundaries
and compares the period with activation processes at
phase boundaries at the transformation temperature. They
obtain an activation energy of 61+ kcal/ atom, that for
the coefficient of self-diffusion being 97, suggesting
that the polymorphic transformation can be envisaged as
the transfer of individual atoms from the lattice of the
old to that of the new phase. The authors have
Card insufficient data for a similar treatment of the gamma-
3/3 alpha transformation.
There are 3 figures and 5 references, of which 2 are
Soviet, 2 English and 1 German.
ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut AN USSR
Physico-Technical Institute, Acad.Sci. Ukr.SSR)
SUBMITTED; April 107 1959
77"

05743
28(5) BOV/32-25-10-32/63
1UTHORS: Garber, R. I., Miller, Tu. G.
TITLE: Accelerated Method of Computing the Oaaillation Decrement
From the Oscillograms
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya laboratoriyag 1959# Vol 25, Nr 10, p 1235 (USSR)
ABSTRICT: In investigating the Internal friction in metals, the oacil-
lation decrement is generally computed from the oacillograms
by measuring the amplitudes, and a diagram of the dependence
of the logarithm of the amplitude on the number of integral
oscillations is then drawn. The tangent of the angle of In-
clination of the straight@line obtained represents the de-
crement. As in the case of several oncillograms much time
is required for measuring the amplitudes, it is more con-
venient to draw a net of curves, or a series of patterns,
according to the equation
-6n
Y = + Ace
(1)
(n - number of integral oscillations, and 6 - logarithmic
oscillation decrement). If the oscillation period, or the
scale of the oscillograma obtained, ia chenged simultaneous-
Card 1/2 ly with the damping value, the diagrams drawn according to

05743
SOV/32-25-10-32/63
Accelerated Method of Computing the Oscillation Decrement From the Osaillo-
grams
equation (1) are photographed and projected on the oacillo-
gram on an enlarged scale. The scale of enlargement should
always be chosen in such manner that the number of periods
in the oscillogram agrees with the interval of the values
for n (taken from equation (1)) (Fig). There is I figure.
ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy Inatitut Akademii nauk USSR
(Phyaical-technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences
of the UkrSSR)
Card 2/2

24(2)
AUTHORS: Gqrl Gindin, I. A., Shubin, Ytx. V. SOV156-36-2-5163
TITLE; The Slipping of Beryllium Single Crystals at Low TemperaturesIII
(Skollzheniye monokristallov berilliya pri nizkikhtemperatura',%
III)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal eksperirentaltnoy i tooreticheskoy fiziki, 1959,
Vol 36, Nr 21 PP 376-384 (USSR)
ABSTRACTt
Card 1/3
This paper is a continuation of parts I and II (Refs 1, 2), in
which the authors had investigated slipping along the basis
plane (0001) of technically pure beryllium single crystals
(99.7%) at various temperatures. The investigations described
here were carried out with purer Be single crystals (99-98@-'))
at 77 and 200K. Further, slipping on (0001) under the influence
of a deforming force forming an angle of 450 with the plane
(0001) was investigated. The direction of displacement in the
case of basic slipping was parallel to the lateral face of the
investigated crystal - the diagonal of first order [1120] .
Deformation was brought about by means of a machine which was
especially constructed for operation at low temperatures
(Refs 3, 4); tha rate of deformation was 0.03 mm/sec.
The char,@.cter of slipping was found to be hiGhly dependent on

The Slipping of SOV/56-36-2-5/63
Beryllium Single Crystals at Low Temperatures III
the stage of deformation. In the case of weak deformations,
there is no immediate slipping along the strips, and
displacement occurs in a thin layer resting against the strips,
Thus, the part of the crystal between two strips is displaced
as a whole. Residual stress causes elastic displacement of the
opposite sign in the crystal layers resting against the str-Jps.
In the case of strong pressure slipping takes place along the
strip, and strong relative displacement occurs. The formation of
a saw-shaped profile of the crystal face is characteristic of
this stage; tLs may, according to reference 8, be looked upon
as a result of twinning on planes with large indices in the
case of basic slipping. The discontinuity of displacement is
explained as being due to the existence of impurities.
Purification of the beryllium contributed towards rendering the
course of displacement along each strip more continuous, which
leads to a higher degree of plasticity. At 770K the formation of
whole packets of stripa can be observed, which is very clearly
shown by figure 7. The method of building up the face profile of
deformed crystals makes it possible to determine the basic
dimensions of the fine structure of the elementary slipping
Card 2/3 strips and of the packets. The twist noticeable between the,

Tho,Slipping of SOV/56-36-2-5/63
Beryllium Single Crystals at Lor Temperatures III
strips can, in the first stage, be considered to be due to
residual stress; this twist, which increases with deformation,
must necessarily be explained in the advanced stage, Yhen it
attains 30, as a result of twinning. In conclusion,-the authors
thank 1. M. Fishman for constructing and producing the replicas
and for maki'ng electron-microscopical recordings. There are
9 figures, I table, and 13 references, 10 of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATIONt Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut Akademii nauk Ukrainskoy SSR
(PhygiCD-Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences,
Ukrainskaya SSR)
SUBMITTED: July 16, 1958
Card 3/3

24(2)
AUTHORSi Garber, R. I., Polyakov, L. M. sovl56-36-6-.3166
TITLE: Investigation of the Initial Stages of the Plastic D3formation
of Rock Salt Orystals(issledovaniye nachallnykh stadiy plasti-
cheskoy deformataii kristalloy kamennoy soli)
PERIODIOAL: Zhurnal eksperimentallnoy i teoreticheskoy fiziki, 1959,
Vol 36, Nr 6, pp 1625 - 1630 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The authors give a report on investigations of deformation
processes in rock salt in the case of the formation of ele-
mentary displacements constituting a special deformation state
(further deformation leads to the formation of individual gliding
bands). The following stages are distinguished: Elas-u`ic defor-
mation (6 100);
isotropic light scatter (Tyndall,,,) le)(6>120); as te::-ism (d > 600);
destruction (d >2000). Thed-values give the normal tensiola in
g/=2. The activation energy requi.red for ax,nP,',1ing the rks.`dual
stresses in elementary displacen, ants is twi ce r@.s small as that of the
splitting bands. Additional atten-aat -ion of I-ight was de tec ted near ihe
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Investigation of the Initial Stages of the Plastic SOV156-36-6-.:@166
Deformation of Rock Salt Crystals
traces of the elementary displacements. It is suggested that
this is due to the effect of the line inhomogeneities which
are differently orientated on both sides of oach trace. Some
traces of elementary displacements have been found to c,3nt:-act
after the load is removed as in the case of elastic twir,6 of
sodium salpeter. The trace of the elementary displacemeiA on
the lateral surface of the crystal was found to have a smooth
profile extending over 1500 2. Thic smooth profile can bi
satisfactorily explained by the effect of the aurface ten.-,'Lon
forces which are in thermodynamic equilibrium with theadd.'-tional
residual stresses. The figures partly show very good photc-graphs
of elementary displacements. Fig-are 1 shovs the photogiapb of
a crystal with incomplete traces oE an elemen+,arl di@3placement
with respect to the (110)-plane, which was taken by means -if a
polarization microscope (25--fold enlargement); compression
tension along the (010)-axis 709/mm 2; figure 2 shows anelgetron-
microscopic picture (25000-fold) of a disturbed elementary
displacement; figures 3 and 4 show photographs of elementary
displacements (also 25 times enlarged), and figure 6 is a very
Card 2/3 good reproduction of disturbed interference strips; figure 7

Investigation of the Initial Stages of the Plastic SOV/56-36-6-3/66
Deformation of Rock Salt Crystals
is an electron-microsoopic picture. The authors finally thank
V. K. Sklyarov and I. M. Fishman for assisting in carrying out
the experiments. There are 8 figures and 10 references, 8
of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut Akademii nauk Ukrainskoy SSR
(Physico-technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences,Ukrains-
kaya SSR)
SUBMITTEDt December 20, 1958
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24'(2) 30120-128-3-10158
AUTHORS:
Stepina, Ye. I.
Gar]je
TITLE: Etching Patterns of Elastic Calcite Twins
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959,, Vol 128, Wr 3, PP C'_-'Q'
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: It appeared to be of some interest to investigate the -tc.-ing
patterns of the crystal during the formation of elastic @Iviins,
which differ from twin intermediate layers by their vedgI-
shaped appearance. Besides, the original position of the
crystal planes is not yet found when investigating the elastic
tidn formation in the mother crystal. Strong deformations are
thus caused in the neighborhood of the elastic twin. The
latter have already been described by R. I. Garber (Ref 4)
(see also G. B. Rays, Refs 1, 2). An elastic twin of th-;@ or-
dinary shape was completely contained within the sample ar.d
did not cause any particularities on its surface which occur
on etching. It was particularly interesting that the twin left
the crystal for the shear plane. The performance of these
experiments is briefly described. Etching traces in the form
of small slits occurred on the face along the line of inter-
Card 1/3 section of the elastic twins and the aurface crystal face.

EtAing Patterns of Elastic Calcite Twins SOV/2o-128-3-18/58
The etching patterns of the elastic twins are illustrated in
a figure. They expand with decreasing thickness of the twin.
Narrow lines occur on the etching of deformed crystals. The
former are probably special deformation lines, which have
not yet been found in calcite. By changing the distance from
the point of contact of the wedge with the crystal up to the
polished face, and also by changing the strain, it is possible
to obtain various cross sections of the elastic twin with
polished surface and, consequently, with different length of
the etching trace, provided the twin length is given. Another
figure shows the formation of a parallelogram on the etching
pattern near the vertex of the elastic twin. This parallelo-
gram forms the base of a roof-shaped cavity which is formed
at the sharp edge of the elastic twin or etching. The fourth
figure illustrates the arrangement of the traces of the cleavage
faces on the shear plane near the peaks of the elastic twin.
The formation of the latter may be regarded as a rotation of
the ranges of planes about a definite angle within the twin
range. According to the thickness of the wedge and the value
of angle a at the boundaries of the twin range, different
shift of the mixed ranges of each plane is obtained by the
Card 2/3 rotation. If this shift amounts to an integer k of the parameters

Etching Patterns of Elastic Calcite Twins SOV/2o-123-13-18/58
Ila, the deformation at the boundary may assume its least
value; otherwise defects of the kind of dislocations RoulJ
occur. The least relative elastic deformations are found
in the ranges of the least values of the above integer k.
Certain deformations are periolically arranged along the
boundary of the wedge-shapod twin at distances of Ila 0?
The typical etching pattern ia formed only when the oryatal
emerges on the face. Thero are 4 figures and 4 references,
3 of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut Akademii nauk USSR
(Physical-technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of
the UkrSSR)
PRESENTED: April 15, 1959, by I. V. Obreimov, Academician
SUBMITTED: April 13, 1959
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