SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT KOVELMAN, G. M. - KOYENSKIY, I. I.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

SAIMIOVSKIY, inzh., lailreat St&linakoy premli; EDVELIMAN, G.M., kand.
tekhn.nauk
Boonomizing sheet steel in making metal construction elenerits.
Stroi.prom. 27 n0,7;15-18 J1 149. (MIRA 3,3:2)
(Sheet steel)

KOVZLIMAN, G.M., kandidat tekhnicheakik-h nauk.
Oatstanding %esian engineer - Vladimir Grigor'evich Shukhov (Aug.26, 1853 -
Feb-2, 1939)." Stroi.prom..31 no.10:42-46 0 '53. (MISA 6:11)
(Shukhov, Vladimir Grigorlevich, 1853-1939)

KOVELI
The most outstanding Russian engineer. Vladimir Grigorlevich
,%Ukho,r (1853-1939)- Trudy po ist,tekh. no,8.-6h-88 '54.
(MLRA 8:2)
(Uhukhov, Vladimir Grigorlevich, 1853-1939)

KOVE14LAN. G.H.. kandidat tekhnichaskikh nauk.
. "
'-
From the histoz7 of metal construction elements as used in Russia.
Stroi.prom. 32 no.6:42-46 Ja 134. (KIRA 7:6)
(Building, Iron and steel)

KOVSL'W, G.K., kandidat takhniches)dkh nauk.
MMUNIMMOM
Selectio4 of dimensional series for assorted metal girders.
StandiLitizateM so.4:7-11 J1-A9 156 (KM 9:11)
(Girders-Standards)

KOVALIMAN, Grigorij Morkovich; P02DIM, A.I., inzh., nauch. red.;
BEGI-X, B.A., red. izdZ~v~, MWINA, Ts.L., takhn. red.
[The work of Vladimir Grigorlevich Shukhov, ang-aear and
hono"red acadenioian] Tvorchestvo pochetnogo skademiks in-
zhenere Yladinira Grigorleviche ShUkhova. Moskve, Goa.
12d-vo lit-ry po stroit., arkhit. i stroit. materislan,
1961. 362 p. (MIRA 14:3)
(ShWehov, Vladimir Gri.morlevich--1833-1939)

I Va
o1cervalle facie%$ IIIIII-ith I
Owl. Moomoka 1439. Nw 11. ~Nll W .% liv.
lilt- twwm '4 111,- 1.01 All, 4 111, 1,
-itut 1-1,
Ate It a &IIALIVOOKat illf"IfAr LtAII11FKA11col
%Va., il"AsIv.
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KOVELIMWI kand, tekhn. nauk; GALKIN, Ya.G... kand. tekhn. nauk..
nauennyy red.; TUMARKIN, D.M.$ inzh., red. izd-va; VORONIN, K.P.,
tekbn. red.
[Special building materials; a short handbook) SpetsialInye
stroitelInye materialy; kratkii spravochnik. Moskva, Gos.izd-vo
1it-ry po stroit., i arkhit., 1952. 250 P. (MIR& 15:1)
1. Vaohallnik otdola stroitelInykh materialov TIntrallnogo insti-
tuta informatsii p0 stroitelistvu (for Kovellman
(Building materials)

KOVILIMLN. I.A., kandidat tekhnichaskikh nank; SOLDDOVNIKOVA, I.F., inshener,
---redaktoi.- --
(Gypsum tiles and sheets for partitions and dry plastering] Gipsovye plity
i litty dlin paregorbdok i sukhoi shtukaturki. [Doklad podgotovlen I.A.
lovellmanoml Moskva, Goa. iud-vo lit-ry po stroitel'stvu i arkhitakturs,
1953. 25 P. (MLRA 6:10)
1. Moscow. TSentrallnyy institut informatsii po stroitel'stvu.
(Gypsum) (Plastering)

SOKOLOVA, Ye.B., kandidat arkhitektury, starshiy nauchnyy sotrudnik; KOVIL'-
__MAL_ v, imndidat tal-chnicheekikh nauk, nauchnyy redaktor; ---
TYAMN, B.G., redaktor izdatel'stva; KELINIGEIENKO, F.P., takhni-
cheskiy redaktor.
[Now face materials for facades] Novyp fasadnve oblitBovocluwe
izdaliia. Moskra, Gbs. izd-vo lit-ry -po stroit. i arkhit., 1956.
22 'D. (Ratsionalizatorskle i izobratatellekle predlozhentia v
stroitellstve. no.133). (MLRA 10:8)
(Ceramic materials) (Facades)

. 414,1 -
,
KOVELIMAN, I.A., kandidat tekhnicheskikh nauk.
1.
krocI.M.I.Imm, s6 of concrete blocks-abroad. Opyt stroi. no.1:54-
62 856. (Bu.'LlAing blockel (MI2A 10:4)

USSR/Chenical Technology. Chemical Products and Their Application -- Silicates.
Glass. Ceramics. Binders, 1-9
Abst Journal: Referat Zhur - Xhimiya., No 2., 1957., 5277
Author: Kovellman, I. A.
Institution: None
Title: Experience with Utilization of Vibratory Grinding in Production and
Activation of Binders
Original
Publication: Byull. stroit. tekhniki, 1956, No 5, 19-22
Abstract: Review of researches previously published in periodicals.
Card 1/1

KOVELIMAN, I.A., kandidat takhnicheskikh nauk.
"'m
Mineral wool filled heat-indulating jackets used in piping
systems. Opyt stroi. no-5:75-80 156. (HLRA 10:4)
(Mineral wool) (Water pipes)

I
-,!9A.M1w4AmJ=iidat tokhnichookikh nauk.
Experience in vibration grinding In producing and activating tAnding
materials. Biul.stroi.takh. 13 no-5:19-22 Ky 156. (KM 9-8)
1. TSentralinyy inatitut informatail po stroitelletvu.
(Binding materials)

KOVELIMAN, I.A., kandidat takhaichaskikh *auk.
Production aid uce of "Ttong' gas concrete products abroad. Biul.
strei.takh.13 no-7:35-38 Jl 156. (MLRA 9:9)
I.TSextralls" imstitut informataii pe stroitallstvu.
(Swedem-Lightwelght concrete)

XOVIM'MAN, I.A.,kandidat takhhIcheskikh nauk.
Vermiculite and its use In the construction industry abroad. Biul.
stroi. tekh. 13 UQ.9.:45,-48 s 156. (MLRA, 9:11)
1. TSentrall-W institut informatell, po stroitallstva.
(Vermiculite)

NOVIKOV, I.I.I. lie rid. iskusstvovedeniya arkh.; MAIMRIKOV, A.P. , kand.tekhn,
nauk; 8300Y, A.P., k~ndsarkhitektui7; KONTUSIXOV. A.M., kand.tekhn.
nauk; SOKOLOV. Te.Be, kandoarkh1tektury; SHATSKIY, Ye.Z., kand.
tekhn.nauk; KRICHNVSICAYA, Ye.I., kand.tekhn.nauk; SHLEINA, L.A.,
kand.tekhn.nauk; KOVELIMANt ~At,jwnd.tekhn.nauk; AGASYAN. A.A..
kand.tekhn.nauk; USMO. Y.M., kand.tekhn.nauk, nauchnyy red..;
BARSKOV, I.M., Iznh., nauchnyy red.; YUDINA, L.A., red.izd-va;
PECHKOVSKAYA. T.V., tekhn.red.
[Building practices In the pe%iles' democracies. Based on reports
by delegations-of Soviet biulderal Opyt stroitel'stva za rubezhom;
v stranakh narodnoi.demokratii. Po materialam ochetov delegetaii
sovetekikh spetsialistov-stroitelei. Moskva, Goa. izd-vo lit-ry
po stroit. I arkhit., 1957. 253 P. (MIRA 11:4)
1. Sotrudniki TSentrallnogo instituta nauchnoy Informataii po
stroitel'Btvu I arkhitekture Akademii stroitelistva I arkhitektury
SSSR (for Nov'ikov, Handrikovi Sedov, Konyushkov, Sokolov, Shatskiy,
KrichevskaysL- Shleins, Kovellman, Agasyan)
(Bui;Aing)

KDVIILIW I. kandidat tekh.nicheekikh nauk.
__ - - - - - --
Using "Stramitem straw pulp blocks in England. Stroitell no.4.-21 AD '57.
(Great Britain--Building blocks) (MLRA 10.6)

EDVELINAg, -I.A., kand.tekhn.nauk
Production and use of swollen perlite in construction abroad. Opyt.
stroi. no.9:3-16 157. min 11:6)
(Perlite (Mineral)) (Concrete) -

KOVELIUM. I.A.. kand.tekhn.mauk
Materials and products for covering floors. Opyt stroi, 15:42-67
158o (MIRA 11:13)
(Floor coverings)

TOVXLIKAN~._I.A. kand.tekhn.nauk
Acoustical soundproofing materials and products. Opyt stroi.
15:68-86 158, (MIRA 11:11)
(Acoustical materials)

KOVELIMAN, I.A.,kand.takhn.nauk
I
Producing and using lightweight ceramic aggrpgates abrodd.
Opyt Btrot. no.18:26-45 '58. (MIRA 12:1)
(Ceramic materials) (Lightweight concrete) *

KOV31CLIMAN, I.A., ktind.toklin.unuk
~~' -
Construction products made of glass reinforced plastiefi. Stroi.
prom. 16 no.9:41-45 S 158. (W*.R& 11:10)
(Glanq rainforced plantica)

_t~nd.tokhn.nauk;MZINSXAYA, O.V., kand.tekhn.nauk
Production a~hd use of local building materials and products.
Opyt atroi. 'no.21:3-30 159- (MIRA 12:11)
i'(Buiiaing materials)

KCIVELIMAN, I.A., kand.tekhn.nauk
Utilization of organic compounds in construction abroad. Stroi.
mat. 8 no.7;38-40 JI 162. 04IRA 15:8)
(Organic compounds) (Building materials)

KOVELIMA I.A., kand.tekhn.nauk; VASILIYEV, V.A., red.; YAKHONTOVA, T.D.,
tekhn.i~bd.
[Concrete and reinforced concrete products and details; precasting
practices and use] Betonnye i zhelezobotonnye izdeliin i detali;
opyt zavodsko o proizvodstva I primeneniia. Moskva, Gosstroiizdat,
1963. 65 P. &ademiia stroitel'stva. i arkhitektury SSSR.
TSentrallnyi institut nauchnoi informqtsil po stroitellstvu i
arkhitekture. Opyt zarubezhnogo stroitel'stva, no.13). (MIRA 26:12)

KOVISATSKIY, A., inshener.
Seauring a proper adjustment.of automobile brakes. Avt.tranap-32
no.4:34 Ap 154. WaA 7:6)
(Automobiles--Brakes)

XOVMIDI, A.
A SiTple Method for Obtalping Chlorides of Dichloroacetic Aiid.
Revista De Chimie (Journal of Chemistry), #I:-13:JTan 55

BUCHWALDY P.; KOVENDI, A.
Experiments for utilizing the o-nitroethylbenzene. Rev
chimie Min petr 15 no. 5:261-264 My 164.

arc-
C-n a ce c c

"Pali
uc

13UCHWALD,P.; KOVENDIOA.; HEEW,M.; RUSUpI.
A new laboratory method for preparing pure 2-methyl-4-chloro-
phenoxyacetic acid. Rev ohimie Min petr 11+ no.n/12-.647-649
IN-D'63.
1. Institutul de cercetari. chimico-farmaceutice, Cluj.

VEZA, M.; BUGHWALDIP.; KOVMMvA.
Verw substances prepared from bitroethylben2wne vith supposed
pesticidal action. Rev chimie Min petr T4 no.11/1,U6.88 V-DIO'3.

KMEMM , L., prof.; CSOGOR, I., dr.; KOVENDI, Erzaebet, dr.; GRAUSER,
Judit, dr. ~- ---
The differential diagnosis of non-I'milial hepatocellular jaun-
dices with the aid of intradermal tests with Congo red. Med,
intern. (Waur) 17 no.2:3-49-155~ F'65-
1. Lucrare efectuata in Clinica de boll infectioase, Tirgu Mare.9,
(directort prof. L. Nelemen).

TIT ?T TT tit I t I W
en I!
V 0 V ~F PNOMS" IND FAMRVICA m.
bme dtpwu of load. zinc. gad andmony In northern of
Sara, and Turhal), V.Kovrisko.
Alt
'00
No. 37. 61-93(in French 70-95)(IV47). cf. C.A. 4J.
027W.-Tbe mint at I)mtk Is in vrins in litut-
stonearwAr the nuklact with hitrualve grantAkwite and
quark diurlit. Pyrite aml galena are the ptincil-Al -at
mhmab. lrbe patagrnplic soccrushms SAX pylife.
411d VhAfllljlysit~,
;narftlitt. qtWM and calcile. At AUae. ore ixcur*
n limestone and cryst. schisto near the contact with
00 0 bintite stanife. The pampmetic sum-i-tt was pyrite,
hernatite. chakwpyrite. ophal.,slit, gairna. Throe tie.
* q '7i so
I clasned as cintitet pyrometawmiatic. 111)
.31 ""V - ' L09
And L .111cfals6 Including stitutitc, vwJrna, imad artsentlau
tritAbeddle, occur in quatts vrins cutting antiesitic lava%
ire the Zam region. "Amilar v0sts ntur Turbal contain
littleft,
r4 4 hilinsam rtwks are Igive". N1101arl FIrl"Chrr
P, Vj 010
ot
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Voo
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----------
ACC NRt -AP7002400 CODE: ~/00' i12134/ 21)o
SOURCE birc~6~16 2-/Oi
AUTHORI Sorebryakova, T. lo; Kovenskayat B. A.
ORG: Institute of MIAtorials Science-Problems, Academy of Sciences# UkrSSR (Institut
problem-materialovedeniya Akademii nauk UkrSSR)
TITIS: Physical properties of boride phases of chromium
SOURCEI AN SSSR. Izvestiya. Neorganicheskiye materialyp v. 2, no. 12, j966, 2134-
2135
TO?IC TAGS: chromium compound,, boride, resistivity, thermal expansion, hardness
k3STRACT: Some physical properties (resistivity, coefficient of thermal ex-nansiong
characteristic temperature, microhardness, etc.) of the phases Cr4B, Cr3B2, CrB, Cr3P4
and CrB2 (prepared by sintering) were studied. It was found that all the phases
studied have mainly a metalli typo of conduction. A tendency of the resistivity.to
decrease with increasing B/Creratio was observed. In all casesp there is a certain
deviation of the temperature dependence of the resistivity from linearity. A correla-
tion was established between the nature of the change in melting point and the magni-
tude of resistivity. The coefficient of thermal expansion decreases in regular fash-
sfactorily ac-
ion as the B/Cr ratio increases. The relationships established are sati
uDc: _r4.761271:541-12

21-58-7-121/27
AUTHORS: Frantsevioh, I.b. , Corresponding Member of the AS VkrSSR,
Kalinovich, D.F., Kovenskiy, I.I., llonlkovskiy, V.V, and
Smolin, M.D.
TITLE: Electrodiffusion of Tungsten in an Iron - Tungsten Alloy
( Elektrodiffuziya vollframa v splave zhelezo - vollfram
PERIODICAL. Dopovidi Akademii nauk Ukrains1koi R3R, 1958, Lr 7,
pp 736-739 (=3R)
ABSTRACT: The role which is played in highly heat-resistant alloys
by the increase in the strength of interatomic bonds in
metal solid solutions is well known. The strength of in-
teratomic bonds is essentialyy increased by the donor-
acceptor interaction between the atoms of elements which
compose the alloy. The availability of information on
this interaction makes it possible to theoretically base
the selection of a composition with optimum characteris-
tics of heat resistance. The electrotransfer method is
the best for studying the donor or acceptor ability of
the alloy components. This article describes an invest-
igation of tungsten migration in its solid solution in
Card 1/3 iron being subjected to a constant electric fieid~ w1hich

Electrodiffusion of Tungsten in an Iron - Tungsten Alloy
21-58-7-12/27
185
was carriod out by moan-~,. of the radioactive isotope V!
Experiments on electrotransfer were conducted at 900; 950;
1,000; 1,050; 1,100 and 1.150 0C, and at exposure times
from 40 to 110 hours, It has been established that in the
solid metal solution of tungsten in iron, the former mig-
rates, under the action of a constant electric field, tow-
ards the cathode. On the basis of experimental data, ve-
locities of the tungsten atom displacements have been com-
puted, as well as the charges of tungsten ions and trans-
fer ratios at all investigated temperatures. It has been
shown that the migration speed and transfer ratio values
increase with an increase of temperature from 900 to
Card 2/3 1,0000G while the charge remains constant. At a further

El6ctrodiffusion of Tungsten in an Iron - Tungsten Alloy
21-58-7-12/27
rise of temperature 0a11 these quantities decrease and
reach zero at 1,150 C. There are 2 graphs, I table and
3 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykb splavov ,*,I; TIkr33R
(institute of Metalloceramics and Special Alloys of the
AS UkrSSR)
SUBL'ITTED: February 15, 1958
NOTE; Russian title and Russian names of individuals and in-
stitutions appearing in this article have been used in
the transliteration
1. Iron-tungsten alloys---Diffusiori 2. Iron-tungsten alloys--Temper-
ature factors 3. Tungsten isotopes (Radioactive)--Applicatio-,is
Card 3/3

FRARSEVICH, 1-11-[Frantsevch, I.H.3; KALINUViM, D-F. Llalynovych, D.F.j
,P!MqPy,__j,j-_L"venfi'kYI, 1.1-J; fzNlKOVSXIY, 7-y- [Penlkovelkyi.
V.V-j
Migration of components of solid metal r-)lutions in a direct current
field. Part 2. [in Ukrainian with summary in Englishj. Ukr; fizo zhur.
Supplement to 3 no.1:64-67 '58. (MMA 11-6)
l.Instit,.-.t metalokeramiki i spetsaplaviv All URSR.
(Ions--Migration and velocity)
(bolutions, Solid--Electric properties)

FRARTSEVIM, I.M. CFrantsevych, I.M.1; KALINOVICH, D.P. CKalynovych, D.F.];
KOVENSKIY. I.I. Clovenalkyi, I.I.1; FZNIKOVSKIY, V.V. [Penlkovslkyi,
On the migration of solid metal Solution ComPonents in a direct
current field [In Ukrainian with summary in English]. Ukr.fiz.zhur.
3 no.1:124-133 JA-F 158. (MIRA 11:4)
l.Institut metalokeramiki spetatallnikh a laviv AN URSR.
(Heat resistant alloys5
(Electric fields)

KO the-A/ 5 /~ -[/;/~ J-- -7-,
FRANTSEVIGH, I.N. [Frantsevych. I.M.'J; MINOVICH, D.F. lr'Kalynovycb, D.P.];
KOVENSKIY, I.I. [Kovenalkyi, I.I.]; PEN,Kovsny, v.v. [Penlkovslkyi, V.Vj
Migration of the components of solid solutions of metals in the field
of a direct current. Part 3 [with summary in English). Ukr.fiz.zhur.
3 no.4:552-559 Jl-Ag 158. (MIRA 11:12)
1. Inatitut metallokeramiki i spetaiallnykh splavov AN USSR.
(Diffusion) (Solution, Solid) (Iron)

AUTHORS: Frantsevich, Z.-N., Kalinovich, D. F., SOV/2o-121-2-23/53
Kovenskiy, I. I., Pentkovskiy, V. V.
TITLE: The Role of Iron a n Acceptor in an Iron-Carbon Alloy
(Ob aktseptornoy roli zheleza v zhelezo-uglerodistom splave)
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1958, Vol- 121, Nr 2,
pp. 277 - 279 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The stability of the interatomic binding in the crystal
lattice is essentially important for a number of properties
as e.g. the heat resistance. The stability of the binding
depends on the donor-acceptor interaction of the atoms of the
alloyed components with the atoms of the base metal of an
alloy. From the number of indirect methods of investigating
the donor-acceptor interaction (X-ray structure-, magnetic-,
thermochemical analysis, measurement of the electric resistance
etc.) the most effective method is that of electric transfer
- the migration of the atoms of the alloy component in a
steady electric field. In their investigation the authors
used S8MDles of Fe-C-alloys with 0,6 mm diameter and 60 mm
Card 1/3 length, produced from electrolytic iron with 1% C; the central

The Role of Iron as an Acceptor in an Iron-Carbon Alloy SOV/2o-121-2-23/53
parts of the samples were covered electrolytically by radio-
active Pe59. The coordinates of the radioactive investigation
zones were measured by means of a comparator. The investigations
were carried out in the temperature range of from 900 to
11000C, the samples were exposed to these temperatures for
from 12 to 40 hours. The displacement of the boundaries of
the activated zones is in the order of some tenths of a mm
up to some mm (the displacement of the anode boundary is
almost ten times higher than the displacement of the cathode
boundary, if T < 10000), the velogity of displacement of the
zone boundaries is about some 10- cm/sec and decreases with
increasing T. If T - 11000C a migration practically does not
take place any longer (see Table 1)There are 1 figure, I table,
and 15 references, 6 of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Tnstitut metallokeramiki i sDetsiallnykh splavov Akademii nauk
Card 2/3 USSR(Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys,AS UkrSSR)

The Role of Iron as an.Acceptor in an-Iron-Carbon Alloy SOV/2o-121-2-27/53
PRESENTED: January 15, 19569 by G.V.Kurdyumov, Member, Ac.ademy of Sciences,
USSR
SUBMITTED: January 8, 1958
Card 3/3

SOV/180-59-1-13/29
AUTHORS: Kalinovich D.F.) Lovenskiy I,I,, Smolin M.D. and
Frantsevich I.N. Miyev)
TITLE: Investigation of the Migration of the Components of an
Iron-Tungsten Alloy in a Constant Electric Field
(Issledovaniye migrats1i komponentov splava zhelezo-
vollfram. v postoyannom elektricheskom pole)
PERIODICAL% Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSRI Otdeleniye tekhnicheskikh
nauk, Metallurgiya i toplivo, 1959p Nr 17 PP 71-71+ (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The authors point out that one of the best methods for
studying the donor-acceptor electron interaction in alloys
is to study the migration of the components under the
action of an el e2tzic field. In the published data for
solid metal alloys, however, only one component is
considered and the possibility of donor-acceptor inter-
action is not examined. The authors describe their own
work on the transfer of the components of a solid solution
of 5 wt. % tungsten in iron. For studying the diffusion
of tungsten W1 5 was introduced by diff~asion into the
central part of an eleot-olytic-imon wLre 60 mm.long and
Card 1/3 0.6 mm in diametei,,, The activity was determined along
the test pieca befi)re and after its heating by the

SOV/18cl-59-1-13/29
Investigation of tho Migration of the Com~onents of an Iron-Tungsten
Alloy in a Constant Rle(:~trio, Field
passaga of a direct e~urrent. For studying the mobility
of iron, the no~,,mal isotope of tunpten was introduced by
diffusion into a similar specc.,imen Wiameter 0.65 mm) over
its Whole langth. Fe59 was then deposited electrolytically
on the central zone o-V the speoimqns and the distribution
of this radioactive iisotopa cver t> cross-section was
secured by annealing. Aftez, heai-
Ung by the passage of a
direct current the wi--e was ---'Ut into sGetions whose
activities wel'a det-ermine&A. The beating temperatures
were 900.,, 9.;.509 1000, 10509 1100 and 11500C t the
times baing 4-0-110 ho-firs foz- the tungsten mobility and
10-40 for Vne iron. mobility experiment's. Fig 1 shows
'~Ypical distributions of activity along the length of the
0
specimen for Fe - W185' (95 OC~ 40 hours); Fig 2 the
distributions for Fe - W - Fe)9~ The distribution
obtained when an alternating c-arrent was used is shown
in Fig 3. The autl~ors deter-mine the transfer numbers of
tungsten and Jaon for the vaiious temperatures on the
Card 2/3 basis of equations p-re-~Iously deduc:ed (Ref 1) and
published data o,.q diffusi-on nceffi4~:ients (Ref 2).

, SOV/180 -59-1-13/29
Investigation of the Migration of the Components of an Iron-Tungsten
Alloy in a Constant Electric Field
They conclude that it has been shown that at 900-11000C
the valency electrons contributed by tungsten atoms go
to fill the vacant 3d-levels of iron atomsq producing a
Card 3/3, donor-acceptor interaction.
There are 3 figures, 1 table and 3 Soviet references.
SUBMITTED: June 4, 1958

SOVA 70- 5 94- 7/20
AUTHORS: Frantse-ii6h,.I.N., Kaliriviich, D.F.j Kov'engkiy, I.I., Smolin, X.D~
TITLEi On~Electrioal Transfer of Tungsten in Nickel-Tungaten Alloys (0b
elektroperenose vollframa v nikelevollframovom splave)
PERIODICAL: Inzhenerno.-fizicheakiy zhurnal, 1959, Nr 4., PP 47-51 (USSR)
ABSTRACTs The.present paper describes the resulta of investigations into
electrical transfer of tungsten-in solid oplution in nickel.
Experiment6 were pe'rformed with pieces of nl0tt-1 wire o.61 mm in
digmeter and 60 mm-long. Tungsten marked with radioactive
W 5- isotope was introduced into the central portions of the
specimens'by. .diffusion. The tungsten content in't~osq
portions am6unted to-O-54 per cent by weight. The tungsten trans-
for through a constant electrio-field was studied at temperatures
of 850,900, 95Q-t 1,000, 1,050'and lplOOOC. It was shown t 'hat
.tungsten atoms migrate-towards the cathode, i.e., in the alloy
.
under investigat 'ion they are dtonoro of electrons, Charges on
tungsten ions and the, numbers of electrons transferred are cal-
culated by formulae derived by the authors. It turned out that
the effect of electrical transfer increases with an increase in
Card 1/2 temperature from 850 to 9500C, and then begins to fall reaching

06567
180) SOV/170-59-9-8/18
AUTHORS: Frantsevich, I.N., Kalinovich, D.F., Kovenskiy, I.I., Smolin, M.D.
TITLE: On the Donor-Acceptor Interaction of Components in a Binary Iron-Chromium
Alloy
PERIODICAL: Inzhenermo-fizicheskiy, zhurnal, 1959, Nr 9, pp 62-68 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Electric transfer of components In solid metallic solutions furnishes
Important information for the development of the electronic theory of
alloys. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the be-
havior of the components of the solid solution of chromium iron in a
constant electric field. Radioactive Isotopes Cr5l and Fe5pwere em-
ployed for marking atoms migrating in the process of electric transfer.
It was established by experiments that the chrome-plated zone in all
samples was shifted towards the cathode; hence it is concluded that
chromium in its solid solution with iron is a donor of electrons. The
study of electric transfer was carried out at temperatures of 1,000,
1,050, ~100 and 1,1500C and at various durations. It turned out that
the electric transfer of chromium ions increases with an increase in
temperature and duration of experiments. This relationship is shown in
Card 1/3 Figure 2. The study of the electric transfer of Iron ions was carried

06567
SOV/170-59-9-8/18
On the Donor-Acceptor Interaction of Components in a Binary Iron-Chromium Alloy
out at temperatures from 900 to 1,2000C and various durations. The rate
of migration of iron ions grows with an increase of temperature until
1,0500C and then falls down to 1,2000C. At a fixed temperature, the
effect of electric transfer increases linearly with the duration of ex-
periments. This is shown in Figure 4. The experimental data obtained
made it possible to determine the charges and numbers of transferred ions
of chromium and iron at various temperatures. These data are presented in
T4b!q 1_.Thus the existence of a donor-acceptor interaction in the iron-
chromium_aiio-y has been established; It diminishes with an Increase of
temperature above 1,0500C. This finding agrees with a conclusion.by P.L.
'7 that chromium strengthens interatomic interaction in the
Gruzin fRef 17
Card 2/3 iron latticet/t temperatures below 1,1000C.

06567
SOV/170-59-9-8/18
On the Donor-Acceptor Interaction of Components in a Binary Iron-Chromium Alloy
There are: 4 graphs, 1 table and 17 references, 8 of which are Soviet,
6 German, 1 French, 1 Indian and i unidentified.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsial'nykh splavov AN USSR (IrLstitute of
Ceramics and Special Alloys of the AS UkrSSR), Kiyev.
Card 3/3

FRANTSEVICH, I.R.; KALINOVICH, D.F.; KOVENSKn. I.I.; SMOLIK, M.D.
Some quantitative relationships of donor-acceptor interactions in
alloys. I?iz.tver.tela 1 no.i:62-66 -Ta '59- (MIRA 12:4)
(Alloys) (Electrons)

67689
SOV/126-8-4-11/22
AUTHORS: Frantsevich, I.N., Kalinovich, D.F., and lo-v-enak4-y-,.~
TITLE: The State of Carbon and Iron in Steell~
PERIODICALs Fizika metallov i motallovedeniye, 1959, Vol 8, Nr 4,
pp 574-578 (USSR)
ABSTRACT; The authors point out that much of the work (Refs 1-8)
on the ionic nature of carbon in alpha and gamma iron
had the d4qadvantage that the migration of carbon was
found indirectly, and that some methodological
deficiencies also occurred. This and other (Ref 9) work
Indicates that in austenite there are positive carbon
ions, considered by some authors (Refs 8, 9) to have a
charge of 3 to 4 units. Hume-Rothery (V. Yum-Rozeri)
(Ref 10), however, has a different theory, which the
authors' present work has contradicted. This was
carried out using radioactive isotopes C14 and Fe59)
one of which was introduced in the middle part of the
wire specimen. After prolonged high-temperatuze treating
by the passage of a di~re!~t current the shift of the
Card radioactive zone was determined. A typical act-ivity vs
1/3 distance curve for 8 hours at 1100 OC is shown in Fig 1.4~/
Experiments were carried out at 950, 1000) 1050~ 1100

676E9
The State of Carbon and Iron in Steel
SOV/126-8-L~-11/22
and 1150 OC2 the specimens being pure iron. The effects
of ordinary diffusion were allowed for by parallel
experiments with alternating current. All tests showed
that all the carbon in the austenite participates in the
movements contrary to Hume-Rothery's views no negative
carbon ions are present. This is.confirmed by micro-
structures of the specimen cross sections, showing that
the anodic zone is.completely decarburized by passing
direct current. For studying migration of iron the
radioactive iron isotope was introduced into a wire
specimen carburized uniformly over its whole length with
stable carbon. Experiments were carried out at 900,
950~ 1000~ 1050 and 1100 OG, a typical activity vs
distance curve (30 hours at 950 OC) being shown in Fig 3.
Calculations using an equation previously published by
two of the authors (Ref 13) show that the carbon atoms in
the austenite lattice participating in the migration have
Card only 1.1+ electrons each over the whole temperature range
2/3 studied. The iron atoms at 900 OC accept 4 electrons
each, 3.5 at 950 OC, 3 0 at 1000, 2.2 at 1050, and
none at 1150 OC. ~he Lthors discuss the donor and

67689
The State of Carbon and Iron in Steel SOV/126-8-4-11/22
acceptor roles of the atoms of the added element in a
metallic solid solutiong coming to conclusion in harmony
with modern ideas.on the electronic structure of such
solutions (Ref 15).
There are 3 figures and 15 references, 10 of which are
Soviet, 1+ English and 1 is German.
ASSOGIATIONs Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov
AN SSSR
Card 3/3 (Institute of Cermets and Special Alloys, Ac.Sc.
USSR)
SUBMITTED: August 25, 19~8

.12-7
S/170/60/003/008/009/0"14
B019/BO54
AUTHORSt Glinchuk, M. D., Kalinovich, D. F., Kovenskiy, I. I.1
Smolin. M. D.
TITLEt A Method of Determining Diffusion Coefficients in Solids
PERIODICAL: Inzhenerno-fizicheskiy zhurnal, 1960, Vol. 3, No. 8,
PP. 78 - 81
TEY.Tt The authors investigate diffusion along an infinitely long
cylinder with the radius R. It is assumed that at the beginning the
diffusing substance is distributed at one end of the cylinder in a thick-
ness 6R and a width of 21. The authors proceed from the diffusion
equation (1) and obtain the approximate equation (4) for the distribution
of concentration along the cylinder. Equation (5) indicates the concentra-
tion distribution of the diffusing substance after diffusion at the
temperatures TI and T 2 for the durations t 1and t 20 and the diffusion
coefficients D1 and D 2 are calculated from (4) and (5), Formula (7) gives
the quantity of the substance diffused. By the method suggested h-ere, the
Card 1/2

A Method of Determining Diffusion Coefficients S/170/60/003/006/009/014
in Solids B019/BO54
authors determined the diffusion coefficient of chromium in nickel.
Table 1 gives the mean values of the diffusion coefficients for various V/C
temperatures. The diffusion coefficients were calculated by formula (9).
Fig. 2 graphically shows the diffusion coefficient of)lbhromium inv'hickel
as a temperature function. The method suggested allows the determination
of diffusion coefficients for various temperatures on a sample. The
accuracy is designated to be satisfactory. There are 2 figures, 1 table,
and 2 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetssplavov AN USSR, g. Kiyev
(Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys of the
AS UkrSSR, Kiev)
SUBMITTED: March 8, 1959
Card 2/2

81902
S/126/6o/oio/oi/oo4/oiq
Elll/E335
AUTHORS, Kalinovich, D.F., KovenskiX, I.I., Smolin, M.D. and
Frantsevich, I.N.
TITLE. Mobility of Chromium Atoms in a Nickel-lomium Alloy
Under the Action of a Direct Electric Field
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, ig6o, vol.lo,
NO. 1, pp 42 - 46
TEXT. The authors point out that the study of migration of ions
in alloys can give indications of the hi.gh-temperature stabl-
lizing role of alloying elements. They describe their work on
the migration of hromium in a 0.63 diameter, 60 mm long wire
containing 4.3651,/* weight. The central part of the speckmens
was electrolvtically coated with a 5-micron thick layer of
51
Cr . After annealing at 1200 OC for 60 hours, the specimens
were electrolytically etched to remove the surface layer.
Longitudinal radioactivity distribution was measured with an
MST-17 counter. Specimens were then placed in an argon
atmosphere and a direct current passed through them. Activity-
versus-position plots before and after passage of current at 0
:~'000' oc'icor 120 hours (Fi&l) and for 950, 1000, 1050 and 1100 C Vr
Gard 17

81902
P( a(Ro/oio/oi/oo4/oi9
-c
Mobility of Chromium Atoms in a Nic e -c romium Alloy Under the
Action of a Direct Electric Field
showed appreciable migration of chromium towards the cathode.
Allowing for diffusion the authors calculate the speed of
migration of chromium (average values rise from 2.70 x 10
at 950 to 29-71 x 10-8 cm/see at 1100 OC). By removing the
outer layer of treated specimens and repeating the activity
measurements (Figure 2), migration within the specAmen was
found to be less than near the surface (7.20 x 10 1-7-
1.55 x 10-8 cm/sec). For both there was a linear relation between
the average displacement of the chromized-zone boundary and
duration of experiment. Using Einstein's equation (Raf.4) the
authors calculate effective chromium-ion charge values in solid
solution in nickel to be 57.6, 42.5, 34.7 and 27.6 at 950. 1000,
1050 and 1.1.00 OC, respectively, which is in line with Weve'r's
values for higher temperatures (RefoO.
There are 2 figures, 2 tables and 6 references; 2 Soviet,
2 English and 2 German.
Card 2/3

V
2549,0
5/02 '61/000/005/011/012
D215YD304
AUTHORS: Frantzevych, I.N., Corresponding Alember of AS UkrSSR,
and Kovenslkyy, I.I.
TITLE: Investigating electrotransport in some alloys with
high electric resistance
PERIODICALt Akademiya nauk Ukrayinelkoyi RSR- Dopovidi, no. 5t
1961, 636 - 639
TEXT: The paper is concerned with the investigation of electro-
transport of iron and chromium in the alloys Fe-Cr and Fe-Cr-Al,
also with that of ironp chromium and nickel in the alloy Fe-Ur-lft.
In the experiments radioactive isotopes Fe55, or 51 and Ni63 were
used, on samples in the form of wires approx. 0.6 mm thick and 70 V/--1
mm. long. The methods of the experiments have been described (Ref.
4: D.F. Kalinovich? 1.I. Kovenskiy, M.D. Smolin, I.N. Frantzevich,
Fizika metal. i metalloved~ 10, 42, 1960). A thin and narrow layer
of the radioisotope of the element was brought onto the central
Card 1/6

Investigation electrotransport ...
25490
5/021/61/000/005/011/012
D215/D304
part of the sample with the aid of electrolysis. The samples were
heated by direct current and the direction and velocity of electro-
J_
Uransport was studied by observing the displacement of the radio-
active zone. To obtain more accurate data, diffusion coefficients
were measured on the same samples according to methods described
in M.D. Glinchukq D.F. Kalinovich, I.I. Kovenskiy, M.D. Smolin
(Ref. 5: Inzh. fiz. zhurn.t 8, 78, 1960). Results are given in ta-
bulated form. The magnitude of the effective charge of ions does
not vary with temperature within the limits of experimental error
while investigation of other substances has shown that Z- diminish-
es when T increases. For the temperatures interval of this experi-
ment one can put, with great accuracy, p = po + T, being the elec-
tric resistance. On the other hand it is known that = Al +A2 =
= (11?1)+('/?2) = '/?' A being the conductivity (the indices 1 and
2 refer to electrons and holes respectively), i.e.
Card 2/6

25490
S/021/61/000/005/011/012
Investigation electrotransport D215/D304
1 0 1 = 1 . + 1 . 1 (3)
a T + Po I T + 0-1 a2 T + ?02'
7 al a2
Here ?010 ?02 and a2 have the same physical meaning as p. and a
but they take into account the electron and hole conductivity. In
a special case ?0/' :~_ 9,11a -'= ?02/a, i.e. when 901 /?02 =* const.
in the tewerature interval investigatedv the function Z = f(11
(T + go/a)) is, according to DI.D. Smolint I.N. Frantzevich (Ref. 7:
DAN SSSRP 136, 82v 1961) a straight line. Using the formula
8X_/03 (e2/h)ln2/ /3 [Abstractorts note:~tll~ appears to be a mis-
print], h being Planck's constant, the authors of (Ref. 7: Op-cit.)
obtained in this case
z z - 1,273*104ni Y3di a 1 + 1.273#104n2 V3e 2(a1 - c1l).
1 T + 90 1
Card 3/6 (4)

25490
S/021/61/000/005/011/012
Investigation electrotransport D215/D304
T + (4)
a
The quantities z, njP d,,, n 2t d2can be considered constant within
the tem erature interval of the experiments described here; there-
fore (4~ becomes
Z z + X 0 ?0 - z + ZIP (5)
+ a
where K = 1073,10 4n Y3d 1) 1,273- 104n V3 is a con-
2 2 4 - a 1 1 all a 1
stant. If a is very small the condition 9011?02 = const will be
realized with sufficient accuracy, and since a is small for the
alloys treated here the effective charges of the components of
these must satisfy the equation (5). From the fact z / f(T) it
Card 4/6

2549o
S/021/61/000/005/011/012
Investigation electrotransport ... D215/D304
follows that the result Z const could be obtained only in two
cases: 1) if z' = const ~ 0) 2) if z' = 0. The first case is im-
possible since the expression for z' contains the variable T. In
the second case it is necessar that X be equal to 0. This is
again possible in two cases: 1~ if the two terms of which K con-
sists are equal, 2) if they are both nearly equal to 0. The first
condition means that the interactions of electrons and holes with
the ions are equal in magnitude, which can be written
n1/3
1 (1, = ,, - 1 (6)
0 a2
2 0`2
or in a two-component system
d1l d" (7)
F2' = d2".
Card 5/6

25490
S/021/61/000/005/011/01.-C
Investigation electrotransport D215/D304
(I refers to the first and " to the second components For a three-
component alloy one must add the ratio dl"/d2l" in (7). It follows
that equal magnitude of the terms in z' is generally possible but
has very small probability. The case of both terms being nearly
equal to 0 is much more probable. It can be expected in alloys with
small concentrations and mobilities of the carriers of current and
small temperature coefficient of the electric resistance. The in-
vestigations described here confirm thisp as the alloys studied Be-
iisfy these conditions. If K is nearly equal to 0, i.e. Z* does not
vary with temperature, one can assume Z* = z within the limit of
experimental error. It follows that magnitudes of ion charges were
obtained. There are 1 table and 7 references; 5 Soviet-bloc and 2
non-Soviet-bloc. the references to the English-language publications
read as follows: K, Compaanp Go Havent Trans. Faraday Soc. 52t 786,
1956; 11. Wever, Proce Sympo Not 9, Phys. Chem. 2Lp 2t 1958.
ASSOCIATION: Instytut metalokeramiky i spetsialnykh qplaviv AN
URSR (Institute of Metallogeramice and Special Alloys
AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: January 19t 1961
Card 6/6

28692
S/021/61/000/009/010/012
D274/D304
AUTHORS: FrantBevych, I.M., Academician AN USSR, and
Kovenslkyy, I.I.
TITLE: Investigating the electrical transfer of carbon in
metals of the iron group
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk UkrSSR. Dopovidi. no. 9, 1961,
1169-1171
TEXT: The temperature dependence of the effective charges z of
carbon in its solid solutions PeC, CoC, and NiC are obtained. The
charicter of the experimentally obtained temperature dependence
of Z corroborates the theoretical predictions which led to the
expressions
zX = z - njc1jlj + n2"~212
Card 1A

28692
S/"021/61/000/009/010/012
Investigating the electrical ... D274/D304
and
Ax2 + BxZ .0- CX - Z)K + z = 0 (3)
where z is the ion charge, n1, 0`1 , 11 and n2, c"2 , 12are the den-
sity, scattering cross-section, and free path of the electrons
and holes, Z 4 is an effective charge which can be experimentally
determined from electrical transfer by means of Einstein's rela-
tionship (and taking into account the correlation factor
f):Z4eD = BkTf, where D is the diffusion coefficient at the tem-
perature T and B is the ion mobility; A,B and C are constants re-
lated to the conductivity parameters and those of electron- and
hole scattering by migrating ions. The temperature interval of the
experiments is taken as large as possible and the ion mobility
has to be high. These requirements are fulfilled by the investi-
Card 2/ 4

28692
S/02 61/000/009/010/012
InvestigatJng the electrical ... D274YD304
gated solid solutions of carbon in iron, cobalt and nickel. The
specimens were wire pieces 70 mm long and 0.6 mm in diameter. The
middle part of the specimens was labelled by radioactive isotopes
14 0
0 . The temperatures ranged from 600-1400 C. Up to 8000C, the
specimens were heated in a furnace; for higher temperatures, a
direct current was used. The diffusion coefficient for carbon,
as well as the rate of electrical transfer (the transport rate),
were measured by means of the radioactivity of the tracer. The ob-
tained values of Z* were processed by the method of least squares.
Thereupon, the temperature dependences of the effective charge of
carbon in its solid solutions FeO, CoC, and NiC were obtained.
The parameters of this dependence are listed in a table. In all
tAe alloys, the carbon migrated towards the cathode; as thereby
Z exceeded z, the influence of a "hole wind" on the electrical
transfer is established. The ion charge of carbon in austenite
was found to be nearly 4 units, thus confirming T.A. Lebedyev's
assumption (Ref. 1: Metallurg, 5, 12, 1934). This charge decreases
on passing from FeC to CoC and NiC. There are 2 tables and 9
Card 3/4

28692
S/02 61/000/009/010/012
Investigating the electrical ... D274YD304
references: 7 Soviet-bloc and 2 non-Soviet-bloc (including one
translation). The reference to English-language publications reads
as follows; K. Compaan, Y. Haven, Trans. Faraday Soc., 52, 786,
1956.
ASSOCIATION: Instytut metalokeramiky i spetsiallnykh splaviv
AN USSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special
Alloys AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: April 28, 1961
Card 4/4

21359
S/02 YD 61/000/011/007/011
D299 306
AUTHORS: Frantsevych, 1. M., Academician AS UkrRSR_, and
I.-Kovenslkyy, I.I..
TITLE: On the transport of carbon in titanium, tantalum and
tungsten
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk UkrRSR. Dopovidi, no. 11, 1961,
1471-1474
TEXT: Blectrotransport of carbon in titanium, tantalum and tLuig-
sten is investigated (with a carbon content of approximately 0.1
weight %). The radiactive isotope C 14 wa,'s used. In order to in-
crease the accuracy of calculations, the diffusion coefficient of
carbon was determined from the same specimens as were used for atu-
lying the electrotransport. The specimens were appr. 70 mm long and
had a diameter of appr. 0.6 mm. The middle part of the specimens
14
was labelled with C . The specimens were heated by a direct cur-
rent; thereupon, the distribution of the radioactiirity was measured
Card 'A

213 9
~t 011/007/011
S/021/61,000/
On the transport of ... D299/D306
at intervals of 0.1 mm. As a result, the carbon dic;tributioi,, in re-
lalive uni-11"s was obtained. From the concentration r~urve, the dif-
fuslon 00'-~ficient of carbon was calculated, atid fy,om the dispLice-
ment of the radioacti.ve zone - the rate of electrotransport of the
-.arbon at. the various temperatures of the experiment: )50 - 10'500C
4-n ti'uinium, 600 - 2600oC in tanta2um, 1800 - "HOOOC iii tungston.
A table lists the obtained diffusion coefficients aad the corl-02--
pond-Ing activation energies. The experimental results were -ased for
determin-'Lng the effective charges Z,*; thereupon, th-e riethod of
least squares was used for calculating the paraiaet,~rs of equat--L",,.-)n
Z* z + a T 10
(3)
2
Ax + BxZ*, - Cx Z* f z 0 (4)
Z/4

21359
S/021/61/000/011/007/011
On the transport of ... D299/D306
0(,is the temperature coefficient of the alloy, P is the electrical
conductivity, the parameters A, B and C characterize the scatter-
ing of electrons and holes by migrating ions, and the temperature
dependence of P. It was established that the effective charges of
carbon in titanium and tungsten follow a temperature dependence
expressed by Eq. (4), whereas the effective charge for tantalum-
carbon satisfies a linear equatiok. For the first 2 alloys, the
parameter A in Eq,.(4) can be neglected. For all 3 alloys, the
electrotransport took place towards the cathode. The magnitude of
'~-he effective charges exceeded in all cases z. A table shows that
the carbon charge decreases in the order: Ti-C, W-C. An explana-
tion of this decrease in charge is attempted in terms of the eher-
gy of the d-sublevels. There are 2 tables and 9 references: 5 So-
viet-bloc and 4 non-Soviet-bloo. The reference to the English-
language publication reads as follows: K. Compaan, Y. Haven, Trans.
Faraday Soo., 52, 786, 1956.
ASSOCIATION: Instytut metalokeramiky i spetsiallnykh splaviv AN
USSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special
Card 3/4

21359
S/021/61/000/011/007/011
On the transport of ... D299/D306
Alloys AS UkrRSR)
SUBMITTED: May 24, 1961
Y
Card 4/4

20106
ID LI 1 114 18' S/161/61/003/002/004/050
19.1ro B102/B204
AUTHOR- Kovenskiy, 1. 1.
TITL-Ez Diffusion of tungsten in an alloy on cobalt basis
PERIODICALt Fizika tverdogo tela, v. 3v no. 2, 1961, 350-353
TEM The diffusion of tungsten in Co-W alloys was theoretically and ex-
perimentally investigated. First, a cylinder of infinite length (radius
R) is studied, on which at the time t-0 a 21 long and AR thick layer of
the material is located, whose diffusion is investigated, The concentra-
tion of this material is taken to be C 0 at every point of the layer. The
diffusion equation then reads 1 ac a2C 1 ac + a 2C 'he initial- and
D aT - ar2 r ar 3,2
boundary conditionst
C = C 0 with IzI 41, R4rj~_R+AR with 0
C = 0 for all other z and r
8C/'3r Ir-R+AR = 0
Card 1/5

20106
S/181/61/003 ';"N2/004/050
Diffusion of tungsten in an,.. B102/B204
The solution of the diffusion equation is of the form C F(r~t)Q'(Z~t)'
where Q'(Z't) - CO[erf z+1 - erf z-1 J- 00 rfe 1- 1 erfe Z+l (2).
-2- -27577 -2 77 2 Is -2Y-rt - -2M]
The concentration distribution along the specimen is given by
Cf
0 Z-1 Z+l 1/2 = C,B/2 and B is a con-
Q(Z,t) - 7 [erfe WD"t erf c. -2-,T"t], where 00
stant, the total quantity of diffusing substance in the specimen. As in
Z+l C
practice mostly -27rt )2, 0 erfe 2 If we study the dis-
2 27DIr
continuous case that firstly, during the time t,, diffusion occurs at the
temperature T , then at T , during zhen Q,(z,t,) - Lo erfe z - T
N' 1 2Q1 2 "2' 2 2YD It 1+D2
i.e. -L holds. The investigations were carried out on 60 mm
D2 ~-t 2
long pieces of wire (diameter 0.62 mm) of the following composition
(expressed in % by weight)8 98.66 co, 0.82 W, O~-14 Ni, 0,04 0, 0.03 C,
Card 2/5

20106
S/ial/61/003/002/004/050
Diffusion of tungsten in an... B102/B204
0.01 Cu, 0.02 Si, and 0-14 Fe. The tungstenized zone was about 3 mm, long.
The various specimens were heated to various temperatures (T1), and after
the end of heating and diffusion, the distribution of the diffused
substance along the wire was measured by means of a method described in a
previous paper by the author (Ref.1a I. N. Frantsevich, D~ F. Kalinovich,
1. 1. Kovenskiy, V. V. Penlkovskiy. DAN, 121, 277, 1958). This distribu-
tion was equal to the measured activity distribution of the W185 isotope.
The specimens were then again heated to temperatures (T 2)' which differed
from T I'. Hereafter, the activity distribution was again measured. Hereby,
for each specimen, two curves (T1,T 2;tl,t2) were obtained; such a curve is
shown in Fig.l. From these curves the diffusion coefficients were V~
calculated by means of the initially given equations. For the various
temperatures the following mean diffusion coefficients were obtaineat
Card 3/5

20106
S/181/61/003/002/004/050
Diffusion of tungsten in an... B102/B204
0 10 2
Temperature C D-10 . om /sec
1100 0.39
1150 1~05
1200 2.08
1250 4A6
1300 9.51
1350 18.6 2/
These data obey the following equationt D 2.88 exp(-68000/RT) cm /sec.
The D-values claculat-ed spread by not more than 8%. In order to obtain
more exa--t values, it is necessary to operate with larger diffusion
shifts, I.e. the holding times ti, t2 must be increased, There are
2 figures, 2 tables, and 4 Soviet-bloc references,
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki I spetsaplavov AN USSR Kiyev
(Ins-titu-,,P, of Metal Ceramics and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR,
Kiyev)
SUBMITTEDi April 1, 1960 (initially) and July 25, 1960 (after revision)
Card 4/5

Diffusion of tungsten in an...
Joe -
zoo
too
-~Vlpf Of,
Pmc. 1.
Fig. I
20106
S/181/61/0~3/002/004/050
B102/B204
Card 5/5

S/18 61/003/010/034/036
B I 25XB 102
AUTHOR: Kovenski
TITLE: Degree of silver ionization in a siiver-palladium alloy
PERIODICAL: Fizika tverdogo tela, V. 3,, no. 110, !961~ 3239 - 3241
TEXT: The author used radioactive Ag 110 to examine the electrical
migration of silver in an Ag-Pd alloy with 30~o' by weight of palladium.
According to H. E. Schmidt (Z. f. Mettalikunde, 4 , 113~ 1958), alloys
of this kind having a palladium content up to 44
V O~b possess only electron
conductivity. The method of examining the electrical migration discussed
here had been described earlier (D. F. Kalinovich, I. I. Kovenskiy, M. D.
Smolin, I. N. Frgntsevich (FIV, 10-- 42, 1960)). Six measurements made
from 850 to 1100 C yielded the quantities in the relation
+ n Z' is a certain effective charge which
2, - Z - nidill 2a212 (1)'
takes account of the effect of conduction electrons and conduction holes;
if this effect does not exist. the effective charge equals z; n 1 is the
conduction electron density; 6 1 is the scattering cross section of
Card 1/ 3

S/18 61/003/010/034/036
Degree of silver ionization... B125XB102
electrons from the migrating ions; 11 is the electron mean free path, The
subscript 2 refers to holes. Z* was determined from the Einstein relation
and taking K. Campaants and Y. Haven's (Trans. Faraday Soc., 52, 786, 1956)
factor into account. z = +0-85 � 0.26 was found by the method of least
squares. The mean value CT, . 3-10 -16 cm2follows from the six equations
(1). The attached table presents the mean values found by the author
for migration rates, electrical conductivity, and electric charges. No
experiments were made on the electrical migration of palladium. z = -0.3
was found for palladium in the alloy examined. The effective silver-ion
charges were found to be by one order of magnitude lower than in pure
silver. This may be exDlained by the increased resistivity and verifies
the assumption that the role of the electron action is reduced with
increasing resistance. I. N. Frantsevich, Academician of the AS UkrSSR,
is thanked for a discussion, There are 1 table and 8 references: 6 Soviet
and 2 non-Soviet. The reference to the English-language publication
reads as follows: K. COMIDaan, Y. Haven. Trans,, Faraday Soc., 52, 786, 1956.
Card 2/ 3

S/181/61/003/010/034/036
Degree.- of silver ionization... B125/B102
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov AU1 USSR
Kiyev (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys
of the AS TJkrSSR Kiyev)
SUBIM'ITTED: Iday 9p 1961 (initially)
June 23, 1961 (after revision)
legend

C; (2)
-1 to the Table: (1) temperature,

electrical conductivity,
-1
I
TounspeTyps, 0C
YA*AhM&?1A*.1P6-j
j1poto

.0P*2PA2x?P0-1

%WPORTKY
-c
ohm
silver m
; (3) migration rate of
ions, cm/sec; (4).eff6otive
850
.31000
2.3-10-8
-2.9
charge. 90D
950
IODD 28M
27000
2499D 5.4 - 1"
1,2. J(P-7
2.4. iCr,7 -2.6
-2.4
-22
10so 231so 4.4 - io 7 -2.0
1100 22260 9.2. 1D-7 -1.8
Card

S/~- 631,/61/003/011/019/056
BI -f;
I/E 104
AUTHORSi Kalinovich, D. F., Kovenakiy, 1. 1., and Smolin, M. D.
TITLEt A contribution to the problem of determining partial
velocities of electrical transfer with tagged atoms
PERIODICAL% Fizika tverdogo tela, v. 3, no. 11, 1961, 3367-3370
TEM To determine the velocity of motion of a tagged ion during electrical
transfer it is necessary to have a coordinate system firmly connected
with a fixed point. The origin of coordinates can be put at one end of the
sample or at a mark which is located in a nonhealed area (the mark can be
obtained by the impression of a microhardness teat). When investigating
the electrical transfer of each alloy component, it is possible to tag the
components to be studied either along the whole sample or only along a
narrow part in the oenter of the heated zone with a radioisotope. In the
first case, a new distribution of the concentration of the component in
question is observed, while in the other case the motion of atoms of this
component during electrical.transfer is observe-11 directly. Under such
Card 1/4

S/151/61/003/011/019/056
A contribution to the problem of ... B'25/B104
conditions, the temperature distribution curva will pass through two
symmetrical points in regions with a stron6 de,-,rease along the sample. In
these points, the mobility of atoms is practically zero. The following
two cases were investigatedt (1) If migration of atcms of all components
in one direction is observed, ions of all components willarrive at the
boundary surface of the mass flux which is located in the direction of
transfer. New lattice planes are formed. Simiiltaneously, atomic planes
are removed at the boundary of the heated zone located on the opposite side.
Therefore, all atomic planes located in the heated region are shifted
opposite to the direction of transfer by the wilth of the built-up or
removed zone. The equation of displacemezit i~: gi by U-1j, u, (1)
i
where Ax/t viyi(2). U denotes the total transfer number; u,, v,, and
J/j denote partial transfer numbers, velocity, and molar share of the i-th
component; Ax denotes the width of the built-up (remo-ved) zone; t denotes
the duration of test. Ax/t may be regardud as the total transfer
velocity. The shift measured during electrical transfer for a tagged
Card 2/4

I i/ ! i, 1,/61/003/011/019/056
A contribution to the problem of
atom in the heated zone is equal to the sum of _114~fto due to partial and
total transfers v W (3), where v* denotef-~ the velocity determined
V +
i i I
experimentally from the shift of the tagged atom In the case studied, a
transfer of matter will always take place. (2) Atoms of the components
vill migrate in both directions. In both regions limiting the flux, atoms
of one type are supplied and atoms of the other type are removed. Under
these conditions, Eqs. (1) and (2) will also describe the total mass
transfer in general, When determining partial vc-locities of electrical
transfer with tagge atoms, the motion of these atoms has to be considered.
The method of tagged atoms shows various advantages over the method of V/
fixed marks. Especially, a chemical analysis of plate and cathode space
of the sample is not required. All conclusions In this paper are only
valid if the geometrical shape of samples does -.ot change during the tests.
There are 3 non-Soviet references. The reference to the English-language
publication reads as followat R. P. Johnson. Ph.-~i~ Rev., JA, 459, 1938.
Card 3/4

3/11~,1/61/003/011/019/056
A contribution to the problem of ... B125/B104
ASSOCIATIONi Institut metallokeramiki i spetajallnykh splavov AN USSR
Kiyev (Institute of Powder Metallurgy nnd Special Alloys
AS UkrSSR, Kiyev)
SUBMITTEDs June 5, 1961
Card 4/4

1145 15S5
18.15-00
22826
S/1 7 0161 /0 04 /Of) 5/01 2A 1
B1 11 /B21 4
AUTHORS: Kalinovich, D. F., KovQpQkiy, I. I., Smolin, It. D.,
Frantsevich, 1. 11.
TITLE: The diffusi.-n of nich,~.l in a nickel xol-bdPnum a11,;%- In W';
electric field
PERIODICAL: Inzlienerno,-fi--Ic,],esl:i.,,? -,Mirnal, v. 4, rjo~ 5, 1961, 106-110
TEXT: The electric fiell produces a directed displacement of the atomic
shell in the crystal lattice of a pure metal and solid solutions. Two
forces act on the ions: the electric field and a force depending on the
momentiim transition between ions and the conduction electrons or h-,les. The
electrotransportat ion of Ni ions in a solid solution of molybdenum in nickel
is investigatgd in this paper (molybdenum content 9.24% by weight). The
tracer was Ni 3 which was measured by a counter of the type T25-0A (T25-B!4
The temperature of the sample was measured by a pyrometer of the type
xr-mmAn (KhGIMIP). The direction and rate of electrotran3portation could be
determined from the displacement of the boundary of the radioactive zone.
The diffusion was eliminated by relating the rate of electrotrans-nortation
Card 1/3

22826
The diffusion
S11 70/61 /00-1/005/01 ?/015
BI11/B214
to the arithmetic mean of the diapla,tement nf the boiindlarj of th~,' activ,,
zone. The force acting on Fin ion mpty b(-,- writt-i -is
F=Ee(Z -n 0) '~ n O'l.)
1 1 1 2 C -
where E is the potentiall r- the elnc~tronie charge.; z tl:,- tbo
in multiples of o; n 1 COnCeLtration of th,~ conduction ol!--otrc,na, 31.. +h~?
scattering cross section of the oondutc-tion rilectr,.~rs )r, the migrating ion;
and 11- the mean free path of the electrons on th--~ Fermi surface., The
index 2 denotes hole conductivity. The quantit.,,, 7. - n10131+ 2
is the effective charge which is Fwqual to the true charge in the absence of
the effect of electrons and holes. Applying Einst~ninls fcjrTiula one may
write for the effective charge z*: z4 300 v~.qkTf/Oe (2), wher-~, v is
the rate of electrotransportation; X, the electrical conductivity and
area of the cross section of the samiple; f - 0-78 (for a face centered
lattice); I the current strength; and D the diffusion -oeffi-,ient. The
derivation of the diffusion coefficient has been gJven in IPZh, No. 8, 78,
1960. The value found is D = 2.68 exp 1-65600/RT). The 6xrerjmientO
conditions, the rates of e3ectrotransportation, and the effective 'uh-arges
Card 2/3

h826
S/17o/6i/004/005/0'12/015
The diffusion
B111/B214
calculated according to (2.) ar~ collected in Table 1. All the experiments
showed that nickel migrates to the anoide. There are-1 table and 10 refer-
'
ence's: 6 Soviet-bloc and..4 non-Soviet-bl
oo. The three most recent refer-,
ences to English-language publicationeread as follows: 1) Compaan, K.,
Haven G.- Trans. Paraday Soo.' ' 52,'786, 1 Pr~c- of Symp.
956; 2) Viever. H.:
No. 9 of Chem. , ~Ll , 21 1958. ,
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splav*ov All USSR*g.
Kiyev (Institute of Powder Metallurgy 'and Special Alloys AS
UkrSSR, XIyev)
SUBMITTED: SePtel~ber 30, 196o
Legend to Table 1:
I n 3WIM11MINA 3apflA
epet--q;;,,-,-..A 3.p-A
T
.
C Doemg
1 - Temperatur6 in' OC; 0 ,ac
C
CAP- .
2 - expprimental time
7
-8 25
in hours; 3 - ratelof 1150*
' ,
200 1 10
2: 20,9

rtation ..1200.
ele
ctrotranspo 150
18,0
16
4

1250
in CM/sec; 4 effective
0D 100
, 1,5 0
7.36. 10"1
100
13
charge.
Card 3/3

z-;/126/61/011/002/020/025
E02j./E435
AUTHORS: Kalinovich, D.F,,_Kovenskiy, I.I, and Smolin, M.D.
TITLE- Diffusion and Electrotransfer of Chromium into
1,1r, I --I-, ri(~niiin
I
PERIODICAL. Fizika metallov i me-tallovedeniye, 1961, Vol.11, No.2,
pp,307-309
TEXT: The electrotransfer of chromium into molybdenum in the
solid state was Investigated, Pure molybdenum wire samples,
0.5 mm diameter and 60 mm length, were saturated with the stable
isotope of chromium by diffusion to a chromium content of 9.92 wt.%.
The central 3 mm of wire were covered with a thin film of
radioactive Cr5l, The wire was then annealed in a protective
atmosphere at 1400"C to give uniform distribution across the
section, The distribution of cr5l along the length of the wire
was then found by measuring the activity of portions 0.1 mm in
widths A direct current was then passed through the wire wh:Lch
was surrounded by argon, This heated the wire to a chosen
temperature, measured by an optical pyrometer, Then the
distribution of' Cr5l was again measured, The graph shows the
Card 1/3

Diffusion and
S/126/61/011/002/020/025
E021/E435
distribution before and after heating. Experiments were carried
out at 1200, 1250, 1300 and 1350*C and in all cases migration of
the chromium occurred towbirds the cathode, The amount of
electrotransfer depended linearly on the length of the experiment
and increased with increase in temperature. The rates were as
follows~,
Temperature, 'C
Rate of' electro.-
transfer (cm/se~,)
1200 1250 1,300 1350
1.5 x 10-8 8
2.6x 10 4.2 x 10-8 7.1 x 10-
The coefficient of diffusion was found and it obeyed the
follow�ng relationBh1p5
D z 4.3 exP (-72700/RT) CM2/sec.
The rate of transfer was measured with an accuracy of + 5 to 8% and
the coeffic ent of diffusion with There are 1 figure and
2 Soviet references,
ASSOCIATION-~ Institut, metallokeramiki i spetsial"nykh splavov
AN UkrSSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special
Card 2/3 Alloys AS UkrSSR)

Diffusion and ...
s/i26/ft/on/002/020/025
B021/B435
SUBMITTE D: June 3, 1960
Figure. IAsplacement of the Radioactive zone during heating by a
direct current to 1300*C for 150 h in the Djo-cr5lsystem,
imp/min vs mm
left of diagram anode; right of diagram cathode.
UHnIMUH
400
A
3.00-
KGMq
Card 3/3

ANO
AviocAe,

201
-27 26 29 j0 Vd 141
ipsillia pOATIOBYTHBHOR SOHN nPI1 Harpene o6-
CliMMa MO-CrA'- CMeWlItle
1103U8 nOCTOFIIIIIIAM TOKOSI npit 1300* C n Teqejj)jc 150 qBCOS:
t.Ao marpegia: 2-noeme marpess.

FRANTSEVICH, I.N. [Frantsevych, I.M.], akademik; KOVENSKIY, I.I.
[Kovens1kyi, I.I.]
State of carbon irl titanium, tantalum, and tungsten. Dop. AN
URSR no.11:1471-1471+ 161. (MIRA 16:7)
1. Institut metallokeramiki i spotsiallnykh splavov AN 1JkrSSR.
2. AN UkrSSR (for Frantsevich).
(Alloys-Electric properties)
(Carbon)
(Ions-Migration and velocity)

S/849/62/000/000/008/016
A006/A101
AUMORS: Frantsevich, I. N., Kalinovich, D. F., Kovenskiy) I. I., Smolin,
M. D. - ------
TITLE: On the behavior of components of metallic solid solutions in an
electric force field
SOURCE; Vysokotemperaturnyye metallokeramicheskiye materialy. Inst. metallo-
ker. i spets. spl. AN Ukr.SSR, KieV,'Izd-vo AN Ukr.SSR, 1962, 75 -
83
TIXT: The method of electric migration makes it possible to estimate di-.
rectly the donor-acceptor interaction in metallic golid solutions. Previous I . _1~1
studies were directed on the electric migration of the alloying component, with-
out investigating the behavior of the base metal atoms; in a constant electric~
field the possibility of a donor-acceptor ihteraction between the atoms of the
components was not taken into account. In.the present article the authors stu-i
died the mutual electric migration of both components of some binary alloys,
such as Fe-C, Fe-Cr, Fe-W, Ni-W and Fe4o, using the method of radio-active(iso-~
Card 1/4

s/84q/6?_/ooo/ooo/ooB/o16
On the behavior of components of... A006/A101 -
topes. The component under investigation was marked with the corresponding
radioactive isotope and introduced into the contral section of wire specimens,
0.6 mm in diameter and 60 mm long. The distr I1bution of radioactivity over the
-ti1r., electric heating. Activity..
specimen length was measured.prior~tq_a
p4~~O
graphs were plotted to determine thebrlenii~t'ion and dislocation of the radio--
active zone boundaries during the process of electric migration. It was found
that carbon, chromium and tungsten migrated under the affect of the electric
field towards the oathodo..- Molybdenum migratos toward the anode and is, contra-
ry to C, Cr and W, an electron acceptor. The electric migration of Fe in binary
solutions of C, Cr and W in iron was found to be directed toward the anode, but
only a portion of Fe atoms, proportional to the amount of donor-atoms of the ad-
mixture component, participated in the migration. On the basis of experimental
data obtained, migration rates of the investigated components were calculated
and tabulated (Table). The experimenta,*'ehaW'th&t a donor-aoceptor interaction
exists between the components of the Fe-C, Fe-Cr and Fe-W systems. The donor or
acceptor nature of admixture atoms is predetermined by the mutual position of
energy levels of incomplete shell electrons of the admixture atom, and the Fermi
level of the base electron spectrum. Theappearanoe in the lattice of admixture
card z/4

S/849/64/000/000/008/016
On the behavior of components of... A006/A101
atoms with excess charge is connected with the deformation of-energy bands of
conductivity near these atoms, and the formation of a charge of the opposite
sign, screening the excess charge of the admixture. This screening charge is
partially distributed in the conductivity band, and partially in the band cor-
responding to the internal incomplete shell of the base atom. The temperature
dependence of the electric migration effect is explained by the dispersiAg ef-
fect upon the electrons of the conductivity zone of atoms, which are iii a state
of thermal oscillation at the crystal lattice points, and also by changes in the
degree of the donor-acceptor interaction. It can be assumed that the magnitude
of the electric migration effect depends upon the correlation between the exter-
nal electric field forces and the forces resulting-from the transfer by conduc-
tivity electrons of oriented pulses to the ions. There are 4 figures and 1
table.
Card 3/4

S/849/62/000/000/008/016
On the behavior of components of... AOO6/A1OI
Table. Migration rates of metal alloy components'under the effect of an elec-
tric field, in v-cm/see
Alloy Imigrated Experimental temperature in
~nvestigated;~ element
850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200
Fe - C C - - 8,06.10--4 11,67-10-6 14.44 -10-3 31,39. 10-6
39,14-10-1 -
Fe- C Fe 3.41-10-6 2,51-10-6 1.39-10-6 0.57-10-0 0 -
Fe- Cr Cr - 6.8 .10-1 9,4 -10--' 12.5 - 10-'. 18 8 .10-1
Cr Fe
3.00. 10-' 4,01 - 10-'
4,87. 10-'
6,26.10-' 5,35.10-'44. .10-7 2.18. 10-7
'i
Fe- W w 4.72.10-16X.10-1 8,90-10-1 5.68-10-1 1,35-10 0
Fe - W Fe - 1,25. 10" 1,67. 10 Z44-W6 1,50-10-1- 0,32. 10-6' 0
Ni - W w 1,25-10 2.78. 10-' 3.89. 10-' 1,86-10-7 On.10-1 0
Fe- Mo Mo - 4.40-10 ~ 5.63-10-1 .7X.10-1 7,78-10-7
card V4

0
39765 -
S/126/62/013/006/oi4/ol8
B193/r.-383'
AUTHORS: Kalinovich, D.F.', Xgx and Smolin, M.Do
TITLE: Electrotransport of tungsten in cobalt
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, v-13, no. 6,
a962, ~930 - 931
TEXT: The mobility of metal ions in a metal in a constant
electrical field depends both on the diffusion mobility and on
the characteristics of interaction between the ions,on.the one
hand, and the electrons and holes,on the other. Useful
information on the mechanism of the diffusion and electrical
conduction' can therefore be obtained from studies of mobility
of ions-and the object of the present investigation was to
study the electrotransport of-tungsten in a cobalt alloy
containing 99.48% Co, 0.240,6 Ni, 0.03% C, o.o4% o, o.olo, c,
0.0250' Si and 0.149'0 Fe. Tungsten was introduced into the experi-
mental specimens (60 mm long, R.62 mm in diameter) by diffusion-
annealing (150 hours at 1 200 C) in tungsten powder, dry argon
being"used as the protective atmosphere. This treatmeat was
followed by homogenizing annealing (80 hours at 1 350 C),
Card 1/0

S/126/62/013/006/ol4/oi8
Electrotransport .... E193/E.383
after which the tungsten content of the alloy was '0.82 wt.9'..
After electrodepositing a thin layer of the radioactive isotope
jj185 around the circumference in the middle of a specimen, it
was sealed in an argon-filled tube and connected to 6 DC source,
the electric current serving both to heat the specimen to the
required temperature (in the 1 100 - 1 350 0Crange)'and to set
up an electrical field, each test lasting 150 hours. The sign
and extent of electrotransport was determined from the
distribution of radioactivity along the specimen before and
after each test. Typical results a3Ce reproduced in Fig. 1, where
the radioactivity (pulses per minute) is plotted against the
distance (mm) from the anode end of the specimeb.,. the circles
and crosses relating, respectively# to results obtained before
and-after the test which consisted of 120 hours at 1 200 0C.,
The absolute values of the rate of olectrotransport of tungsten
in cobalt, calculated from the experimental results, increased
from 2.84 x 10-9 at 1 100 OC 'to 1.36 x 10-7 em I/see at 135 OC
Card 2/4

S/l26/62/Ol3/Oo6/oi4/ol8
Electrotransport .... E193/E383
The effective charge of the'tungsten ;Ions,-calculated from the
known Einstein relationship, was found to be of the order of
tons of electron units, which indicated the predominant part
played by the hole "wind" in determining the sign of the
electrotransport-in the case under considpration.
There is 1 figure.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavoy
AN Ul~tPSR (Institute of-Powder Metallurgy and
Spebial Alloys of the.AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: February 12, 196-2
Card 3/4