SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT KOZLOV, V.V. - KOZLOV, V.YA.

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SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT
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I T D~ lu . V --T ye . K. ;Idlin-i toldl. 4 no.3-47l'-,481 1: 1.0) ',:o.-,"-.ovskiy institut narodnogo ilio-.yaystva imeni Flel~lanova.. ::w v,-Iva orgardrhoskoy khin-ii. (Azo iiyes) (Anthraquinone) KOZLQV, V.V.,,- DAVYDOV, A.A. Anthraquinone series. Part 281 Characturiatics of the reaction involving the chlorination of 0~-anthraquinonesulfonic acid by salts of chloric acid. Zhur.ob.khim. 30 no.10:3456-3464 Q - ,61. (MM 14:4) 1. Moskovskiy institut narudnogo khozyuystva imeni G.V.Plekhanova. (Anthraquinoneou.Ifonic acid) (Chloric acid) I KOZLGV .,, DAVYDGV, A.A. Anthraquinone series* Part 321 Ozidative chlorination of anthraquinone-o(-sulfonic acid. Zhur.ob.khim. 31 no.6:2049-2052 Je 161* (KERA 14:6) lo Institut narodnogo khozyaystva imeni G.V.Plekhanova. (Aathraquinonesulfanic acid) (Chlorination) ((kidizing agents) BBLOV, B.I.; KOZLOV, V.V. P.iazo compounds. Part 14: Diazotization of aromatic amines with nitrite in solutions of saturated carboxylic acidsi Zhur.ob.khim. 31 no.7-2212-2217 Jl 161. (MIRA 14:7) 1. Moskovskiy institut narodnogo khozyaystva imeni B.V. Plakhanova. (Amineb) (Diazo compounds) KOZLOV, V.V.; BELOV, B.I. Diazo compounds. Part 15: Diazotization of aromatic-S~Ues with ni-trite in oxycarboxylic-acids. Zhur.ob.kbim- 31 no.7: 2217-2221 J'l 161. (MIPI 14:7) 1. .14oskovskiy institut narodnogo khozyaystva imeni G.V. Plekhanova. (Amines) (Diazo compounds) KO, ELOVSKAYA, I.K. Naphthalene series. Part 21: Action of amnonia on naphthoates and certain naphthol esters. Zhur.ob.khim. 31 no.8-2662- 2667 Ag 161. (MIRA 14:8) (Haphthoic acid) (Armonia) (Naphthol) KOZT,OV, V.V.; VESELOVSKAYA, I.K. Naphthalene series. Part 22: Amination of dihydroyynaphthalenes. Zhur.ob.khim. 31 no-9:3030-3033 S '61. OURA 14:9) (Amination) (Naphthalenediol) KOZLOV, V.V.: SUVOROVA, S.E. Naphttialene series. Part 23! Oxidativenitration of &-selen- ocyanonaphthalene and naphthalene v~, oQ-diselenide. Zhur.ob.kbim. 31 no.9:3034-3037 S '61- (MM 14:9) 1. M-iskovskiy institut narodnogo khozyaystva imeni G.V.Plekhanova. (Selenocyanic acid) (Naphthalene) (Oxidation) KOZLOV V.V.- KOLESNIK, Yu.A. A :-:-, Anthraquinone series. Part 33: Reactions of anthraquinonesulfonic acids with basic dyes. Zhur.ob.khim. 31 m,10:3448-3453 0 161. (MM 14 ilO) 1, ~bakovukiy institut narodnogo khozyaystva imoni G.V.Plekhanova. (Anthraquinonesulfonic acid) (Dyes and dyeing) KOZLQV, V.V.; DAVYDOV, A.A. Anthraquinono series. Part 34: Spocial featureo of chlorination of/9-sulfonic acid of antraquincne to chloroanthraquinone. Zhur. ob. khim. 31 no. 11:3665-3667 N 161. (MIRA 14:11) 1. Moakovskiy institut narodnogo khozyaystva imeni G.V. Plekhanova. (Anthraquinonesulfonic acid) (Anthraquinone) SOLNTMA, R. R.; KOZLOV, V. V. Insoluble azo dyes from diazotated aminoanthraquinones in capron dyeing. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.; khim i khim. tekh. no.5:800-803 162. iMIRA 16:1) 1. Moskovskiy institut narodnogo khozyaystva imeni Plekhanova, ka.fedra organichaskoy khimii. (Azo dyes) (Dyes and dyeing-Nylon) KO OY,_V_V~.4 SUVOROVA, S.E. ~ZL Derivatives of benzene. Part 1: Oxidative-hydrolytic conversion of nitrobenzenemonosulfonic acids. Zhur.ob.khim. 32 no.4:1235- 1241 Ap 162. (MIRA 1534) 1. Moskovskiy institut narodnogo khozyaystva imeni G.V.Plekhanova. (Benzenesulfonic acid) KOZLOV, V.V.,-..KOLESNIK, Yu.A.; SILAYEVA, T.D.; KAZITSINA, L.A. Sr dies of the anthracene and anthraquinone series. Part 35: utraviolet absorption spectra of anthracenemonosulfonic acids. Zhur.ob.khim. 32 no.4:1241-1245 Ap 162. (MIRA 15:4) 1. Moskovskiy institut narodnogo khozyaystva imeni G.V.Plekhanova. (Anthracenesulfonic acid-Spectra) KOZLOV V V.- VOLIFSON, T. I.; IODKO, M. 0.; KOZLOVA, N. A.; G.. S. Naphthalene series. Part 26: Conversions of monosulfonic aeldo of naphthalene to dinaphtb3rl sulfones. Zhur. ob. khim. 32 no.12:1+(Y74-4076 D 162. (MIRA 16:1) (Naphthalenesulfonic acid) (Sulfone) KOZLOV V. VOLIFSONP T. I.; IODKO, M. 0.; KQZLOVA, N. A.; ~L- - ~-V - - TUBYANSKAYAp G. S. N4phthalene series. Part 273 Conversions of naphthaleneeml- fpyl chlorides to dinaphthyl oulfones. Zhur. ob. Aim. 32 no.22:4077-4079 D 162. (MIRA ;61i) (Naphthalenesulfgnyl chloride) -.(Sulfone) KOZLOV, V.V.;-ZIL'BERMANq N.I.; BROZOVSKIY, D.I.; DEMOVA, L.h.; SILAYVA, T.D. Fusion of 2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid with alkalies (naphthoresoreinol and trioxynaphthalene). Zhur.prikl.khim. 35 no.4.-880-88i Ap 162. (MIRA 15;4) (Naphtho]3ulfonic acid) (Naphthalenediol) BELOV) B.I.; KOZLOV, V.V. Diazo compminds. Part 16: Particular features in the diazotization of diamines by nitrite tn carboxylic acids. Zhursobekhim, 52 no,10;3362-3366 o t62. (MMA 15:U) 1, Mookovskiy institut, narodnogo khozyaystva imeni G.V. Plekhanova. (Amines) (Diazotization) KOZLOV? V.V,! VOLIFSON, T.I.; KOZLOVA, N.A.; TUBYANSKAYA, G.S. Naphthalone series. Part 251 Formation of sulfones by the action of chlorosulfonic acid on napbithalene. Zhur.ob.kbi-. 32 no.10:3440-3"5 0 162. - (MIRA 15:3-1) (Sulfoues) (Sulfonic acid) (Naphthalene) BEWVY B.I.; KOZWV) V.V. Advances in the chemistry of aromatic diazo compoundo. Usp.khim. 32 no.2sl2l-153 Usp.khim. 32 no.2tl2l-153 F 163. (KM 1614) 1. Moskovskly inatitut narodnogo khosymystva imeni O.V.Plekhanova,,, (Diazo compound4o KOZLOVI V.V6; TUffANSKAYA, G.S. Naphthalene series. Part 281 Alakaline fusion of disulforLic acids of 2,21-dinaphtbyl sulfone (5,51- and 7,,71-dihydroxy-~ 2,,21-dinaphthyl sulfones; 5-hydroXY-51-sulfonic acid and 7-hydroxy-7t-sulfonic acid of 29,21-dinaphthyl sulfone). Zhur. ob.khim. 33 no.2:660-664 F 163. (MIRA L%J --.1 (Haphthalenedisulfonia anid) (Sgilfones) .-KOZLOV, V.V,.L IODKO# M.O.; RMPK, A.L.; KOZLOVA, N.A. Naphthalene series. Part 29: Formation of aromatic divulfones. Zhur.ob.khim. 33 no.2:661+-667--F 163. (MMA 16z2) (Naphthalenesulfonle acid) (Sulfones) KOZLOV, V.V.; KOLESNIK, Yu.A. Diazonium salts of arYl MlfOnic Uldso Infrared spectra in the region of stretching vibrations of tho SO grot1p. Zhur.ob khim. 33 nc~.304Z17154 Mr 163. MRA 16:P) 1. Moskovskiy inAitut narodnogo khozyaystva imeni G.V. Pleksanova. (Sulfonic acids) (Diazonium empounds) (SpectruiN Infrared) KOZLOV, V.V.; BELOV, B.I. Diazo compounds. Part 171 Nature of diazotizating agents in a medium of carboxylic acids. Zhur.ob.khlm. 33 no.6:1951-1955 Je 163. (MIRA 16:7) 1. Moskovskiy institut narodnogo khoz,vaystva imen-i G.V.Plekhanova. (Diazo compounds) (Acids, Organic) PEREVEZENTSEV, B.N., inzh.; KOZLOV, V.V.,, inzh. ...... I.- -- Welding titanium with copper-bass alloys. Svar. pro'-zv. no.9slS-2.9 S 164. (~Grk 17t!2) KOZLOV., V.V.; SUAYEVA, T.D. Diazo compounds. Part 20: DiazotlzatLon of aromatic aminef! in orthophosphoric acid. Zhur. org. khim. I no.9:1663-1667 S 165. (14IRA 18:12) lo Moskovskiy inatitut narodnogo khozyayatva imeni S.V. Plekhano7a. SuIxAtted July 2, 1964. KOZLOV, V.V.; MMAYTI, K.M. Effect of recent fractures an the d1sposition and morphology of glaciers of the Trans-Ili Alatau. Izv. All SSSR Ser. geog. no. 1c 73-74 Ja-F' 066 (MIRA 19t2) 1. Vseso)uznyy nerologicheskiy treat Ministeretva geologii SSSR. BRYUKIIANOV, V.N.; KOZLOV, V.V.; SILIDI-KOIMRATIYEV, Ye.D. Earth under a stereoscope; aerial photography helps geologistR to determine mineral resources. Priroda 55 no.1:23-32 Ja 'a . (MIRA 19:1) 1. Vsesoyuzriyy aerogeologicheBkiy treat, Moskva. K 0 SOLNTSEVA' R.R.; KO 0 V-V?~ prof., doktor khim. naukil red.; KOROLF,OrA-, AA.Pj-' A"". P. 0 [Wslc information on olectronic concepts in organic chemistry; a manual for independent work by students] NachalInye evedeniia ob elektronnykh predstavloniinkh v organichaskol khimii; rukovodtjtvo dlia studentov 1,,ri samostolatellnom izuchonil. Pod red. V.V.KozJova. Mo- ,qkvaj Mosk. in-t nar. khoz. lm. G.V.Plekhariova, 1965. 56 p. (mll-m 19:1) KOZLOV, V.V. Block structure of the Ft-mirs-Alay deep-fault zone. Geol.sbor. [Lvov] no.9:145-150 165. (MULk 18:!2) Mlilovp V.V.; SAGALOVICH, V.P* Reaction of primary aromatic 4ninea wlth heteropoly acids. lzv.vys.ucheb.xav4; khim.1 khim,takh. 8 no.4:609-614 '615. (MIRA 18-11) 1. Mookov3kiy institut narodnogo khozyayatva Imoni Plrikhariova, labaratorlya orgenicheakoy khImit. KHRUSTALUA VA., POKOVA, K.V.-. PATfikV, A,A.,; BELOV, B.I.-, SAGALOVICH., V.P,,-. KCZI;jV, V,V~: prof, -ed.-: 13AYEVA, I EA.;, red. [Organic chemistry] Orgarii-r;~-51c5~r~ Rhimlia. Nlosliva. Pts.3-2,~ 1W,-.. MiRA 100;12) 1. Moscow. nar.-.dn,,,g, Kafedrr, -rga- ni c Yiesk,)y kh i La! i . KOZLOV, V.V., prof. Ninth Mendeleev Congress of General and Applied Chemistry. Zhur.VKHO 10 no-5:482-496 165. (MIRA 18-11) 1. Zameatitell predsedatelya organizatsionnogo komiteta IX Mendeleyevskogo s"yezda. PONIKAROV, V.P.; SULM-KONDRATOYEV, Ye.D.; RAZVALTAYEV, A.V.1 KOZLOV, V.V. Tectonics of the Syrian Desert and the history of its formation. Sov. gaol. 8 no.4%112-122 Ap 165. (MIRA 180) BClRT-`C,,V, Y,%IRPOLAYEV, M.A.; KAMRFELID, G.N.; N.A.; LIN*; IXUDARSKIY, K.A., SELT-7, A.k--.!';--ftOLoV, P.M.; KWI,AK, ~-~,A, I'vanovitih Ku;~herovp 1891-1965; (~bltvfkryo Zzve V,-,e7j, ~eogf 0 I-va 97 n,~-4088-390 JI-Ag 165o (~TIRA 7.8.8) KOZIOV I I ~,., . Fffr.ct of~ ammonia ddditives or, thr: iJ 1.1 fusion of thr~! of aromatic sulfo acids. NHm, pron:. 41 no.50313- 34'35 1%, 1 ", ~y z WiFl KOZLOV, V.V., prof. Honorarv members of the Mendeleev A-11-Unlon Chemical Society. Zhur. VFJI() no.50.572-575 164 (miru! 1831) KOZLOV, V. V. "Certain Changes in the procese of Cell Division Durinw &zcitatlon rif the Nervous System," Tezisy IV konfer, aspir. i I'din. crdin. T14I (Theses IV Jonference of Aspirants and Clinical Orderlies of Leningrad Medical Institute), page 12, 1953. KOZLOV, V. V. "Reflex Cbanges in Mitotic Processes in Normal Tissue and Malignant Tumors of Animals." Cand Med Sci, First Leningrad Medical Inst imeni 1. P. Pavlov, Leningrad, 1954. (KL, No 1, Jan 55) Survey of Scientific and Technical Dissertations Defended at USSR Higher Educational Institutions (12) SO: Sum. No. 556, 24 Jun 55 XOZLOV, V.V. -- % Lowered mitotic activity in Zhrlich's carcinoma in animals sub- jected to general excitation. Dokl. AN WAR 105 no.1:176-179 N '55. (HLBA 9:3) 1. Pervyy Loningradskly maditeinakiy inatitut imeni I.P. Pavlova. Prodstavleno akademikom L.A. Orbeli. (CANCIR) (IARTOKINWIS) 6o-Z_LWt, V-V' EXMRpTA Mj(;A sgo.5 vol.9/lo am.Pathaloo Oct 56 7 2932.. KOZLOV V.V. lot (Pavlov) Mod. Inst., Leningrad. The relations I-e-M-een reactivity and developmental conditions of tu- mou r cells (Russian text) DOKLADY AKAD. NAUK SSSH 1955. 105/2 (380-383) Tables 3 In earlier work the intensity of mitosis of the tumour cells was shown to be de- pendent on the excitation of the experimental animal (Strong generalatimuli led to decrease or mitotic activity). These investigations had been carried out in com- pact turnours linked with jhe organism through vessels and nerves. New-experi- ments were performed in mouse ascites carcinoma, in which the cancer cells pro- liferate freely in the ascites fluid. without forming compact nodes. After intra- peritoneal turnour inoculation. the experimental animals were exposed to electric- at stimulation and the mitoses in the ascites turnour celLs were counted (50no cells). No change In mitotic activity was observed, although ahter parts of the body. e.g. the cornea, showed a distinct decrease (down to 8 1%). Consequently, in the Judgement of the mitotic activity, not only the kind of tumour and the in- tensity of stimulation, but also the mode of development of the lumour are signi- ficant. Brandt - Berlin (V. 16) AUTHOR: Kozlov, V. V., 20-6-47/47 - ---------- TITLE: The Influence of a Graftea Tumor Upon the Reactivity of Tisoues and Upon Oic Level of 4',.',itotic Activity in thc Organism (Vliyaniye privitoy opukholi na reaktivnost' tkaney i na uroven' :.Iiticheskoy aktivnosti v organizLie) PERIODICAL: Doklady AN SSSR, 1957, Vol. 117, Nr 6, pp. luag-lo9l (USSR) ABSTRACT. The author several times observed the differoat reaction of healthy and tumor-bearing animals to external influences. E.-. the mito- tic activity in the epithelium of cornea (? horny layer) of tu. mor-bearin- animals in the case of a total excitation chan.aed less than in healthy animals. The observations wirre made with mice. Ehrlich-carcinoma was subcutaneously transplanted to animals of the same age and sex. After the tumors were la=e enough (after 2o-3o days) part of the animals was mechanicallf irritated (by slight pinching with a forceps) or excited by means of low-vol- tage current (10-15 V). The rest of the mice (ias not irritated ones. (First series of tests). The second series of tests were healthy mice half of whom were in the same manner mechanically or electrically irritated. The results of the reduction of mitotic activity are shown in table 1. The activity of the control group Cs~rd 1/3 vias set up as lool/116.From table 1 is to be seen that the reactive in- Thp Influence of a Grafted Tumor Upon the Reactivity of Tissue~i 20.6-47/4T and Upon the Level of Mitotic Activity in the Organism. hibition of cell division in healthj mice in thi- epithelium is much more distinct than in animals with transplanted tumor, when other influences upon both groups were equal. This referred to the painful, the mechanical and the electrical irritation. The ihten- oity of cell division in healthy animals v;aB almost entirely sup- pressed (by 91-93'), which was never observed in animals affected with cancer; Thus the reactivity of cano=us animals and this abi- lity of their normal tissues is reduced. This reduced reactivity also occurs undtr conditioli3 of the stimulation of cell division, e.g. in the case of additional illumination of the aniuals (re- furcnci~- 4). The same is confirmed by some clinical observations (refcrences 596). This phenomenon apparently is the expression of the ~iiodifiaation of those functions of the nervous s;jstem which is observed in the case of cancer (references 7,8). Table 2 shows the results of tests with healthy and tumor-bearing mice with regard to tht intensity of mitoses in the epithelium of cornea without any irritation. In healthy mice the numbc. of cells in the state of karyokinesis was much higher than in cancerous ones. The in- flucilce of a malignant tumorT upon the processes of cell division Card 2/3 apparently is not specific. he case here is, as it may be assumadt 'I'lie Influence cif a Grafted Tumor Upon the RP-activity of Tissues 20-6-47/47 and Upon the Level of Mitotic Activity in the Or.-ganisin. the jnneral chan,--,~es occurring in the: organism in connection ,-ith a patholojical process. Nevertheless the above -ment ioned P11t.-I~GM-CIM GUOU that the development of a malignant tumor does not occur locally and isolated, but that it causes certain changes of tht processes in the entire organism, such intimate processes, as the reproduction of cells, not excepted. There are 2 tables, and 9 Slavic references. ASSOCTATIONt First Ieningrad Medical Institute imeni. I.P.Pavlov (PL-rvyy Lcningradskiy meditainakiy institut im. I.P.Pavlov PR~ZEITTED August 15, 1957, by L.A. Orbeli, Academician SUBMINTED; Au-unt 9, 1957 AVAIJA BLE; Library of Conqrtso Card 3/3 STRELIN, G.SV KOZLOV, V.V.(Laningrad, P-154, Zhdanovskaya nab., d-11 kv - 3) Problem of neurohumoral effects on cell division processes Arkh.anat.gist. i embr- 36 nio.2:3-21 F 159- (" 12:4) 1. Kafedra gistologii, i embriologii (zav. - prof. G.S. Strelin) I Leuingradskogo meditsinskogo instituts, imeni akademika I.P. Pav- lova. Adres Stralina: Leningrad, ul. L. Tolatogo, I Meditsinskiy institut, kafedra gistologii. (GFILL DrVISICH, neur~humoral factors, review (Rua)) (NERVOUS SYSTEM, physiol. neurohumoral eff. on cell division, review (Rua)) XOZIOV' V.V. Restoration of Coll division following reactive depression during inhibition of the sympathico adrenal system. Biul. eksp. biol. med. 47 no.1:92-97 Ja 159. (MIRA 12*3) 1. Iz kafedr7 gistologil i embriologii (zav. - prof. G.S. Strelin) 1-go laningradBkogo meditsinskogo instituta imeni I.P. Pavlova. Predstavlena de7atvitelinym chlenom AMN =R V. H. Chernigovskim. (CELL DIVISION reactive mitotic inhib. after prolonged electric stima- lation, eff. of epinephrine (Ras)) (EPINAMUM, effects, on reactive mitotic inhib. after prolonged electric stimulation (Ras)) -KOZLQV-j-V,.-V~ UTTS v R.A. Fibrous polyp of the epidardium. Arkh. pat.22 no. 12:61-63 160. (MIRA 14:1) (PMCARDIUM-TDIORS) t- .4 Soil/ 2o.-12o-I -45/63 AUTHORS: Kazriiinq Yu.B., Kozlovq V.V., Solov'yeva, M. 11. TITLE: On the Middle Carboniferous Deposits of the Zaalayakiy Khrebet(Range) (0 arednekamennougollnykh otlozheniyakh v Zaalayskom khrebte) PERIODICAL! Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1958, Vol. 12o., Ur i, pp. 166 - 167 (USSR) ABSTRACT: Until the latest time here the geological structure, especially the stratigraphy of the upper Faleozoic sediments, was only weakly investigated. They are far spread at the south slope and in the axis part of the chain. A historical survey of the investigation of this region (References 1,2) is given. Here until now no reliable data on faunally proved Middle Carboni- ferous sediments existed. During the compilation of the g6ologi- cal map of the mentioned chain (1955 - 1957) man.- new data were obtained, which make possible the exact definition of the strati- graphy of the deposits which are diocusued. Here especially marine, faunally characterized Middle C;arboniferous sediments were discovered. They vrere found in the catchment area of the Card 1/14 Korzhenevskiy-glacier at the basis of the ri~;ht boundary of the On the Middle Carboniferous Deposits of the sO'j/2c-l2c-l-45/63 Zaalaysk-i,- Khrebet (Range) valley. They pass over to the left boundary only in the top- moot parts of the glacier. In the west their exposures are covered by uninterrupted corn snow fields of the massif of the Lenin Peak.In the East they are out off by a steep overfault which brings tho Lower Formian and the Falcogono oodiniento into contact with each other. At the baniu of the exposed part of the Middle Carboniferous cross section lies a pack of black massive limestones. A list of the numerous foraminifers which were found beneath lily crinoid members, brachiopode fragments, ,and bryozoanat is given. Because of this fauna these sediments certainty can be ascribed to the Kashirskiy horizon of -- Moskovskiy stage (Middle Coal Age). The visible size of the pack is 50-6om. Higher up a pack of mutually dark platy shale limes and loamycarbonate shales follows with rare and little thick (5-7m) interstrata of andesite-porphyrite. Its thickness is loom. The finding of Choristes priscus speaks for a Middle Carboni- ferous age (after V.S.Gubareva). Upon the mentioned Middle Car- boniferous sediments lies, without visible discordance, a mass Card 2,'4 of marly shales, conglomerates, limes, and effusives of an On the Mliddle Carboniferous Deposits of the jYI/ 2o-12o-1-45/63 Zaalayskiy Khrebet (Runge) average cw1position. According to the fauna this nar's corre.,.-ponds to the lower part of the SchwaEerina- horizon. Fro,--i the cha- racter of the cross section of the ',4.ddIv Carboniferoua in the Zaalayskiy chain and from the number of :,pecien of the forarlini- fers the supposition on a uniforri sedi-.-.e;.tation of the region of the Alayokiy and Zaalayukiy chain ard' apparently of the Darvaz can be made. There are I fii-,urc anti I refcroncOSI 4 of which are Soviet. A"J'001"LITIOIT: Voesoyuznyy aerogeologicheskiy trost (All .-Union AerogeologIcal Trust) PIIE:~7_-,'TED: January, 25, 1958 by N. S. Shatskiy, lle-ibor, Academy of Sciences, USSR "I! ~ 137:11"i ED: January 23, 1958 3/4 I(-. ;ar~),)i; ~. f !ro!jj Depo3itlj of the a.Tebet (Range) 1. Geology--USSR 2. Geological time--De,.ermd*na-ticn --USSR 4. Paleoecology--Applications KOZLOVY V.V. New data on the stratigraphy of Faleogeno sediments in the Trans-Alay Range. Gool.-sbor. [Lvov] no.7/8:311-314 161. (MIRA 14:12) 1. Vsesoyuznyy aerogeologicheakiy treat, Moskva. (Trans-Alay Range--Paleontology, Stratigraphic) SOLOVtYEVA, 14.14; KAZHIF, Yu.B.;_.KO__ZI_D_V,_Y.V__ Structure and stratigraphy of Paleazoic sediments in the trans-Alay Range and the northern Timan Ridge. Izv.AN SSSR. Ser.geol.27 no.2:64-72 F 162. (MIRA 15:1) 1. Geologicheskiy institut AN SSSR i Vsesoyuznyy aerogeo- logicheskiy trest, Moskva. (Alay Range--Geology) (Timan Range---Geology) ACCESSION NR: APWO9628 S/0293/63/001/003/0460/0464 AUTHOR; Khodak, Yu. Aq Kozlov, V. Va; Tomson, 1. N.; Khoroshllov, L. V.* TITLE: Significance of geographic and geological methods In lunar studies SOURCE: Kosmicheskiye Issledovaniya, v. 1, no. 3, 1963, 460-464 TOPIC TAGS: lunar research, lunar geological study, lunar geographic study, lunar structure, lunar relief, lunar history, meteorite lunar theory, astronomy, moon ABSTRACT: The report offers a brief review of lunar research to date, clarifies the significance of geographic and geological methods for future studies of lunar structure and relief, proposes close coordination of such methods (giving considera- tion to comparative terrestrial material) with astronomical methods, evaluates I various studies of geographic and geological aspects completed thus far,'and dis- 1 1 cusses the meteorite approach to an explanation of the evolution of lunar structure - and relief. It Is suggested that It will be Impossible to clarify the origin-of lunar structures and relief, or their pattern of distribution, without the parti- cipation of geologists, nor will it be feasible to compile adequate topographic$ geographic or solenological-geological charts or~ diagrams. "The authors acknow- ledge the contribution of Dr.-A. G. Masevich In posing the problenfl. GrIg. art. Card 1/2 iACCESSION NR: AP009628 ,~as: no graphics. :ASSOCIATION: none !SUBMITTED: 09May63 'SUB CODE: AS DATE ACQ: 30Jan64 NO REF SOV: 019 ENCL: 00 OTHER: ~039 Ccrd 2/2- KOZLOV, V.V (Moskva); STILIDI-KONDRATIYEV, Ye.D. (MoBjrva) Karst phenomena in the eastern Mediterranean regipt. Prirods. 52 no.9;116-117 163. 4aPA 16:11) *0- SULIDI-XONDRATIYEV, Ye.D. (Moskva); KOZLO.V, V.V. (Ma~kva) Extinct volcanoes of the Syrian desert. Priroda 52 no.10: 113-114 163. (MIRA 161l2) KOZLOV, V.V.1 SULIDI-KONDRATIYEV,, Ye.D. (Moskva) Gross bedding in coastal Mediterranean deposits. Prirods, 52 no.11:119-121 163. (MIRA 17:1) ACCESSIO14 NR: AP4040510 S/Oo26/64/ooo/oo6/oo44/009 1AUTHOR: Kozlov, V. V,; Sulidi-Kondratlyev,.Ye. D.- TITLE: Lunar"geology" SOURCE: Priroda, no. 6, 1964, 44-49 TOPIC TAGS: astronomy, comparative planotol--gy. moon, lunar geology, lunar ourfdco, lunar tectonics, lunar meteor crater, photogeology, geology ~ABSTRACT: Various aspects of lunar geology are discussed. Principal emphasis iis on the'comparison of the hypotheses of th-t meteorite and volcanic origin of the craters on the lunar surface. The authors are supporters of the Ivolcanic hypothesis and present a variety of facts in its defense. It is noted that there is a clear periodicity in the formation of lunar relief, malting it possible to establish a definite sequence in the formation of craters of different age. The studies of Troitskiy are interpreted as con- ,firmation of the volcanic hypothesis, since it has been demonstrated that the lunar interior is hot. The.spectral observations of the emission of gases :,from the crater Alphonsus are cited as further evidence. The nature of lunar I- _ i Card ,ACCESSION NR: AP4040510 crocks then is discuseed,.'with references to recent Soviet studies in this !field. The well-known conclusions of Troit6kiy are summarized briefly: !the surface is very porous,- consisting of matter similar to pumice and shaving a low heat conductivity. Lunar matter is close to terrestrial alumino- silicate rocks,- Radio observations have detected little meteoric iron in ithe surface layers of the moon; the brown color of-the surface can be attributed ~to various other factors than the presence of iron. The presence of bright irays emanating from certain craters and their absence elsewhere may only be due to-a change of color with time. Erosional factors undoubtedly operate on i ithe mopn; the factors responsible and their.,"chanismr. areT discussed briefly. 'Photographs clearly show that tectonic forces have played an exceptional role in the development of lunar relief, more so than on earth; there are important idifferences in the tectonic patters of the lunar seas and continents. Endogenic processes obviously were of enormous importance on the moon and fit in with ,the volcanic hypothesis. The matter of lunar mapping and photogeological ;interpretation of its surface are discussed in relation to the geochronology lof the moon, but only briefly. It is noted that such work is essential for selection a-site for lunar landings. The advantages to be obtained from 7 ACCESSION NR: AP4040510 development of the science of comparative p1nnetology are presented. It is noted that although the influence of the moon on terrestrial ocean tides has been thoroughly investigated, too little has yet beeii done on study of its influence on earth tides. The authors are opposed to the coining of special words to apply to lunar phenomena and favor use of the words applied to equivalent earth processes. Orig, art. has: 8 figures. ASSOCIATION, Vsesoyuzny*y.a9rologicheskiy trest, Moskva (All-Union Aerological Trust) SUBMITTED: 00 ENCL: 00 SUB CODE, AA NO REF SOV: 000 OTHER: 000 3/3 PONIKA.ROV,l V.P.; SULIVI.-KONDRATIfEV, Yq.D.; KOZLOV~ V.V.,, KAZIMIN, V.G. Tectonics of the northern part of thle Arabian Platform. 11 Sov. geol. 7 no.109-48 Ja 164. (MIRA 17s6) SULIDI-KONDRATIYE:V, Ye.D. (Moskva); ~_qZLOV, V.V. (14oskva); TAMRAZYAN, G.P. (Baku); FRANK-KAMENF,TSKIY, D.A., prof.'(mOskva) Articles on geological cycles. Priroda 53 no.1:102-111 164. (MIRA 17:2) KOZLOV, V.V.; SULIDI-KONDRATIYEV, Ye.D. Lunar "geology." Priroda 53 no.6:44-49 164, (MIRA 17:6) 1. Vsesoyuznyy aerologichoskiy trest~ Moskva. '-KOZLOV,_:~J,~_ Problems of volcaniam. Priroda 53 no. 12;94-96 1(1.40 (MIRAI.18 3 1) 1. Vsesoyuznyy aerogeologiclieskiy treat, Moskva. ;,.,C) ", - - - , "" -, . ~ . , - 7 r') - tl:. 1, - . IiA w ) I . - . ~ , 0~ 61.11- t- . I - . I .. . ,-.. I In tr.cl " 'I . 1~ I I I . - . I i , ~; I. 1. 11 - . . -f,, I; . .. BRYUKH.e)'IIOV, V.11.; KOZLOV, V.V. Methods for speeding-up medium scaled geological r-,aFping. Sov. geol. 7 no.6tI28-134 A 164 WIRA 18:1) 1. Ysesoyuznyy aerologicheskiy trest. IVLLOV, V. V!__ - Iffect of the preser, system on mamoas of the Neshchsra lovland. Zool-shur. 33 no.4-.925-944 J1-Ag 154. Omu 7:8) 1. Okskly gosuderstvannyy sapovednik. (Hashchara-Wild life, Conservation of) (Wild life, Conser- vation of-Heshchera) xOnov, V.V. -,-. "; Y~~ ~ Mass mortality of wild ducks in the Oka Game Preserve (Ryazan Province) during the spring 1949. Zool.zhur.)5 no.3:472-47) Mr 156. (MLRA 9:7) I.Okski7 gosudaretvannyy sapovednik. (Ryazan Province-Dacks) KOZLOV, V.V. I - Asphyxiation of fishes in the Oka River. Zool.zhur. 35 no.6: 936-937 Je 156. (MLRA 9:10) 1. Goaudarstvenrqy zapovednik "Stolby." (Oka River--Fishes) AUTHOR: TITLE: Kozlov, V.V. 26-12-8/49 Pollution of the Yenisey River (0 zagryazneni.-- reki Yenisey) PERIODICAL: ABSTRACT: ASSOCIATION: AVAILABLE: Card 1/1 Priroda, 1957, No 12, P 40 (USSR) The author complains about the Yenisey river being polluted by industrial installations in Krasnoyarsk and its suburbs. These industries are located on both sides of the river covering an area of many kilometers. Most of the plants are lacking in purifying devices and discharge their sewage directly into the river. A number of chemical and metallurgical plants dump their waste material and rubbish in winter on the ice, along both banks, in the neighborhood of the city. All this rubbish even contaminates the waters of such a rapidly flowing river as the Yenisey, killing fish and rendering bathing impossible in an area of many kilometers. Similar violations are tolerat- ed in many cities located along rivers, and the author suggests that urgent measures ought to be taken to prevent the fatal effects caused by the pollution of canals and rivers. State Game Reservation "Stolby" (Region of Krasnoyarsk),(Gosu- darstvennyy zapovednik "Stolby" (Krasnoyarskiy kray) Library of Congress 1 1' 1 ~r~ V r, I /_ ___ t~)V. V KOZLOV, V.T. ... b, oars it Ryazan Province (with gummary In Ah-glish]. Zool. shur. . 37 no.1,142-143 ja 158. (MIRA 11.62) 1, Gosudarstvannyy sapovednik "Stolby." (Ryazan Province--Wild boar) KOZLOV.V V.V. (Moskva); SULIDI-KONDRATIYEV, Ya.D. (Moskva) Speed of eolation In the Syrian desert. Priroda 51 [i.e. 521 no.5:114 163. (MIRA 16:6) (-'~rrlan desert-Wentlierine) BLINNIK~ Lazar' Borisovich; KOZLOV, Vladimir Va TUCHINSKIY rr,,", Naum Vlad imiroviabl'17=212, ok. ~.veftred. ; SAMMOTSKIY, I A.I., inzh., red.; SOROKINA, T.H., tekhn. red. (Efficient conditions fo; the aging of cast iron]Ratsionallnye re- zhimy starenila chugunnykh otlivok. Moskva, Filial Vses. in-ta nauchn.i tekhn. informatsii, 1958. 12 p. (Peredovoi nauchno- tekhnicheskii i proizvodstvennyy opyt. Tema 3. No.M-58--112/5) (MIRA 16:2) (Cast iorn-Hardening) -.3r EPSM1711; nri.khi r rei,senzent; V.L;V.. red. [Hand'o.)ok cf 7!1. !~tcri-nt-" Spravocbmlk po kIdn'di djia .1. Gill en-kor r-e 0 er. t "IN W-, OTO R~ I MINE kFM,?- $9 MIN ~N I, ~W. 'lip OWN ".2 RA Kolj -T, i-,4, J. K"", AAAA, M ~,11 JAE.K.-L.R4111, 1 .1 . - j--- I -- I . w 7 1 . I . . .I I . . I Uk'~,(~V, V.V.; PRONYAKOV"I, V.M. Narjhth,ilf)nt) sor~es. Par~t 30: 0~ ~;ur.orqyI I Ichim. 1 no.31,193-497 Mr 165- 1", ~fi:l 18:4) 1. Moskovskly in;3titut ruirodnogo khozyaystva lia. V.V.; DAVYDOVI AoA* Benzene derivatives. Part 3: Oxidative chlorination of benzena.- sul-'F'onia acids* Zhur.org.khim. I no-3:559-562 Mir 165. (MIRA 1914) 1. Monkovakiy Institut narodnogo khoz.vaystva imeni G.V.Plekhan~,-ia. -1 ---nzl:.; Yc)z,oll, V.fap~ kanJ. t,~,V~.n. na-ak; SOIDA,Toll, G.A~;, irin;. Con, -I'fugal rdli I'--,r the gr-irl(lijig Stek. kFr. L! A'Ieksyiik,, K~7,1-:-Iq (for Soljatcv, Y /J 137-58-5-9689 Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 5, p 118 (USSR) AUTHORS: Entin, S.D., Kozlov, V.Ya. TITLE: An Electromagnetic Instrument for Determination of Ferrite in Welds in Austenitic Steels (Elektromagnitnyy pribor dlya opre- deleniya ferrita v svarnykh shvakh austenitnykh staley) PERIODICAL: V sb.: Fiz-khim. issled. austenitn. splavov. Moscow, Mashgiz,V957, pp 255-259 TT, ABSTRACT: The linear ratio of the magnetization to the intensity of the magnetic field at 1000-1500 oersteds and the proportionality between the slope of the magnetization curves and the quantity of ferrite phase has been employed to develop an instrument using A-C and a differential network to determine the amount of ferrite in austenitic alloys. The basic electrical circuit of the instrument consists of a field winding I having 8000 turns of PE wire, 0.7 mm gage; 2 measuring windings 2 of 0.16 mrn gage PE wire, 7000 turns each, in differential connection; a one-amp A -C ammeter 3 to measure the current in the field winding; a 25-microfara-d capacitor 4 connected in series with Ca rd 1/3 the field-coil circuit to increase the current therein by reducing 137-58-5-9689 An Electromagnetic Instrument (cont. the phase shift between current and voltage; a 17-mv galvanometer 5 to mea- sure the emf when the test specimen is introduced into one of the m-easuring windings; a DGTs8 germanium diode 6 to rectify the alternating emf; a gal- Eli I =7, 2- 2- 1 77 7T ~2 ZOV Te t specimen vanometer shunt 7 for up to 15 ohms to vary the sensitivity of the galvanometer; a step-down trang-former 8 to feed the signal tube and the ferro-resonance stab- ilizer 9 with 40 v to stabifize the voltage in the field winding. The instrument is usecTwith specimens 5 mrn in diameter and 60 mm long. It can be used to Ca rd 2/3 137-58-5-9689 An Electromagnetic Instrument (cont. ) determine the amount of ferrite in austenitic alloys with an accuracy of 0.2%, if this content does not exceed 5%, and with an accuracy of 0.5-0.7% if the content is up to 15%. V.S. 1. Ferri'Les--Determination 2. Welds--Chemical analysis 3. Chemical analysis ---Instrumentation 4. Electromagnetism--Applications Card 3/3 82280 S108916010091011021017 BO14/BO7O AUTHORS: Dolgov, V. V., Kozlov, V.,-Ya., Kochetkov, L. A, Sudnitsyn, 0. A., Ushakov, G. N. TITLE: Investigation of the Starting Conditions of an If 0M C Power Station With a Uranium Graphite Reactor Working With SupeTheated Steam /I PERIODICAL: Atomnaya energiya, 1960, Vol. 9, No. 1, PP- 10-15 TEXT: In a specially adapted steam-to-water loop of the first Soviet nuclear power station, the investigation mentioned in the title was carried out by three methods, where the steam was generated in the reactor of the power station. The heat engineering parameters were measured by means of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1. The analysis of the methods applied must satisfy the following requirements: (a) The method applied at the start must permit a rapid rise from zero to the rated power. (b) Under the transient conditions the maximum temperature of the fuel elements must not exceed the temperature which the fuel elements have at Card 113 kr 82280 Investigation of the Starting Conditions S/089/60/009/01/02/011 of an Atomic Power Station With a Uranium B014/BO70 Graphite Reactor Working With Superheated Steam the rated power. (c) Under the transient conditions, it must be possible for the temperature of the fuel elements to be continuously increased. (d) The method applied at the start must require minimum operation of the technological equipment. In the first method, the transient is characterized by the following: (a) The temperature of the fuel elements can be increased by 100 - 1500C in a minute. (b) The transition to super- heating does not take place simultaneously in the various channels of the steam-to-water loop. (c) In the secondary cycle, a marked change of pressure takes place, which necessitates an intensive blowing of this loop. During the transient the second method produces a definite cooling of the channels in which the steam is generated. Thus, the whole transition takes place with a minimum of reactor power. With the third method it is possible to prevent an upward temperature jump by lowering the reactor power from the moment of transition to superheating conditions. The abrupt fall of temperature is shortened by a smaller reduction of the reactor power and the blowing through of the channels in which the steam is generated. All results are graphically represented, Card 2/3 1/r Investigaticn of the Starting Conditions S/089/60/009 01 02/011 of an Atomic Power Station With a Uranium B01 4/BO70 V1,2 2 ~ Graphite Reactor Working With Superheated Steam A team of engineers under P. 1. Aleshchenkov participated in the solution of the technical problems. A. K. Krasin and A. N. Grigorlyants followed the work with interest. There are 7 figures and 3 Soviet references. kK SUBMITTED: August 17, 1959 Card 3/3 8Z731 B006 B056 AUTHORS; 31"..r". ? C-1t.. SjorjL,,, 0- 7 g kox, L, A :3 - _a-t - r~-- x -, -LIE-1- 7- Y.. TITLE: In' :S&I4j.ti.ft Of the Tr.n.f.r Of R.11 ... till 11 n V tar and the Cb-Ical StabilLty of Zoposits St.;. . 3dt Water Cycle Of the Pirst Atate ?aver P PERIDDICILi At*...ya .-Ciy., 1960, Val. ~, No. 2. pp. 98-103 Th. q ... tity of r.di-ti.. 0-1.4 .1..g I= U ill reactor. by ate- and later. their depositing an th* I.- .11 On a. 411.~ J.1p ... as .. 11 .$ the wwr. and th. 'I'sa*1,;,,Js essentially c. ". code Of th. r-s.r an, I" *. I~., :1 -,: ~f ,he rrvy. at.-!;: (FIr I. ?,..r author. I .... s~. Yl~' hi,h r&41:4c% I j_... are c.rrI.d.aIcAg by and later. They d.t.-In.4 the 4s;..itl-.C ... f-l- the inner co!l ;%I.. pipe. -1 tbIII" ., th up Isa . hu I. th- Card 1/4 !n,, rrobl,-.*,cf the d ... Illation .*%. art, or t~ Of .. use, If ih Th. S.--vat- loop of is* circuit. of .%saIof I.'r"4'X IMION5T), .41.h are 1-1.1.4 ;C- I "each other. 74 1 ;h*,O.I~h, .b1: I Cie.. data 0. 1;. 1.Ir- It. y . act U.I.. or inary di:till.4 six,tex bi.b ... kept In cir-ImAl.c. by sa- of p-~zp.. 'be I.- IS-%I*-s lure carried -at sith sOp.rh.s,%.d ..J A.. -p-h-st.4 at.-, r tS.p.risturse, In tb,.fir.% ... % m-t.j 2T55C 8t ;4' 0- 1:- 265 i.k.2 Sj,sO in YJ C. 11 -t NY 4a mt.aux.l .11 the P- and r C%IvI &,A .Sltr of the dry r.sfiu.. the ;2-I ...... .. 11 as th.tradIoI.otopLe,'h*Iqu 1. . .I. , of ths C-t..Ima sit. n * and 11 011:1 4.%to.4 .are Th. Ir far of red, live Ub :no O:.ths, change in r.dl ... ti'll %b Ilong th. tr y of: dry 4U9 2 &1, -.1... of the r.dl-tt.ity f %I,. dry r.- aid.. of It. IormIned &I w-lows pla". In circuit LI. The Card 2/4 at ;,ariou.. p'4z-l of the I. -I I..satt- ph aIn b lz y t-star -1 .0 1 -1 1, are gll-m In It Tab ry r.:Ilu. I.-IL'itj Ip th;o -. 30 C11-concentr!-ti ~ .1 1 .*I. s, 7), pg. Co 1: 2 3 60 roi- and Cr3*-4.n- Th. comtmal-iiln c... I.t.d of: 1.5 . Cr 51. 45 (4-10~ of the total &ctlvjj7), 24, CUS4, 1.65. Zi3l. 56 C. < I .h-r KA (90-96% of she %.%.I sctillty). CO.DD-t. Lth T1/2 tot t.k Thu radioactivity and ah-tcal ~%4bLI%j of :,r* Ira, -1 by =. A. of a . p.: I a,- 4 .1 I..h . ad:,, on"Ing of Sea .1-2 tub fr. -.~d-695 (St-695) D.t. 0. 4thtcs- , r,41-1i,lty, i.d of th- -11- .:%. n Tr.:fds,p..L CI,amIb.1 0 in able , 1: coast.% f . 6.'ry.159, Cr 51,C,5 2T 4.7.) (70%) _4 Card 3/4 X.24, C.", %t.51. X115. ..4 301 (TI/2 Ig 13 hours) (30,,4). FlousIly,a Nt report 1. ellsta* "I it.. u-d-rT.- -11h -l-u- sider-st,... Jt -L;h.ut I.hibit-. A C% RCI - 71 Ir.pin -a . 5~ X203 - 2% 0:1 . X,Cr.0 7 ""t I.. (- 0.05 &/1) lure as: ,a .01.ti-A. L%h t.hlbll-s, and s, 5,4 H103 -I - 5-T:; H-.1 val,U,ou, < xperim-to ;*r, rto 4Thr b:1 ~c . a, 4.6 ad I. cr!orb!n~'% K- -f r hi. 1. t.r' r I .. Illation. There --r~2 fl4t"r... .far .... :1 4 3-10 and 2 03. SUPKITMI: NO ... bar ?q. IqSq 6 and U-i"aluy, "Sir~-lo-Pauo Suporhoat 2:)t-l~p at tho L"cuic rjport procontod at tho L= %i;ij)coiu-a on Pc-.:,-r Parotor Z~-,j-ri--ont3 ia Vleji~na 1,,.)ztria, 23-27 Oct 19051- (rol;ort prooonted by 1. 1. Bondnvnko) 25373 5/089/61/011/001/002/010 B102/B214 AUTHORSt Yevdok-4mov, Yu. V., Koz1ov, V. Ia., Konochkin, V. G. Kochetkov. L. A., Krasi-n-~~K~., Lytkin, V. V., Severlyanov, V. S., Semenov, B. A., Ushakov, G. N. TITLEt Experience from work with the First Nuclear Power Plant PERIODICALt Atomnaya energiya, v. 11, no. 1, 1961, 12 - 18 TEXTs The First Nli,-~Iea-- Power Plant Ar the USSR, which was the first in the world, has been. successfully operated for seven yearsi this paper presents a short survey of the experiences accumulated during the first six years at this station. The station itself possesses all the eqipment available at a large research reactor., The construction of the Beloyar&aya GRES (Beloyaruk S,,atq Regional Ele-,tric Power Plant) represents a further development of the Firet Nuclear Power Plan-.. The working of the reactor at different power levelst in the 3o-called llcol.d state", at 0.011"L of the nominal power, ~he rea,~tor has the lowest powev level at which the automatic power regulator can functionj the rise -.n this level is checked by measuring the neutron flux; the power level. ~~an be doubled within 20 sec. Card V9 Experience from work with 25373 5/089/6'' /C11/001/001/010 B102/B214 Heating begins with a riae of the power level to 5Vo of the nominal power (-first cycles 160-11!OOC. preRsure in the SP;Coj,d c;yz2et 7 - 8 atm), then to 1011'o' of "he nominal power (-emperature at The entrani~e to the reactors 1900C, steam preSsure 12,.5 atm); these parametera remain unchanged on further increase uf power. The total heating time for the system is 3,5 - 4 hours; during this time, nit-rogen is blown in the graphite system to remove oxygen. The parameters of the power station for 50, 75. and 1001% of the nominal - n power are given- Table 1. On shutt4ng the reactor, it is first cooled, by utilizing the natural icss of heat. to the temperature of water in the first cycle (110-12-00C), which requires 1.r-.-2 hours. The cooling water is then removed from circulation and cooled; -his enables the reactor to be cooled rapidly. Reliability and duration of the reactor's operation depend on the quality of the fuel elementj the station works with tube type ele- ments. The fuel is contained between two tubes of nonrust4ng steel (the inner is 0.4 mm thick and the outer 0.2 mm thick). This kind proved to be particularly reliablet Not a single element has been dislocated during the whole period the station has been in operation. The system of partial renewal of the fuel element is used for guaranteeing the deepest possible burning. (N. A. Dollezhai et al. reported on this at the Second Geneva Card 2/ 9 25373 S/O8qj6-1,/OIII/00II/002/010 Experience from work with ... B1102/B2114 Conference, 1958). Numerical data abcut the oonsumption are given in Table 2. Deformation of the fuel elements were chocked, a deformation of 14.20 + 0.02 mm of the element jackets was found. Experiments relating to the boiling of water in the fuel channels and determination of the hydro- dynamic characteristics of the fuel elements in the reactor were started in 1956. The preliminaries were completed in September 1956, and one channel was brought to boiling operation. This first boiling channel worked for 400 hours at thermal loads of (0-45 - 0.85)-10 6kcal/m 2~ hr (steam content 5 - 206 by weight, flow rate 250 kg/hr)~ As the system proved satisfactory, more channels were brought to boiling operation; in "he middle of 1957 there were 70 such channels, more than half of the total, The boiling operation was characterized by the following parameters: Steam content at the exit 1 1 2 of the channels: 5 - 25% by weight, thermal load (0.6 - ',3)"06kcal/m -hr water flow rate 0.7 - 1 m/hr at 100 a;m and 190~'C at t'.,.e exit. Since superheating of steam constitutes one of the most important methods for increasing efficiency, experiments in this connection were carried out in the following years with a special experimental loop (Fig. 1) to study the methods of bringing the steam to a superheated state. For this, a method of Card 3/9 25373 S1089V6~10"ICV10021010 Experience from work with 3102/ _~2il starting was perfected which requires only such equipment as is 113ed in normal operation. During the period of transformation of the superheating operation, the superheating channel could either be closed, or it could work without cooling ("dry operation"), or with water cooling. The last named method had a number of advantages. The following starting methods were studied: Starting wiLh continuous inarease of the reactor power, starting with decrease of the reactor power, and combined methods (first the former, and then the latter but lowering the power only for about 60 - 70%). To increase the safety of the reactor, a special system was built in 1959 which prevents the escape of the gas - steam mixture into the ventilation system when the 'ubes of the experimental holes break down. This system "for localizing the damage due to accident" (Fig. 2) not only serves this purpose but also helps to purify the gas after the accident has occurred. The system consists of a cylindrical tank (6.2 m3) whose lower part (1.8 M3) is filled with water; in it are placed the cooling coils and special nozzles through which the steam - gas mixture streams into the water in the case of an accident. The gas is introduced in a sensitive gas container. The whole system is placed in a protective container equipped with manometeis, thermometers, and dosimeteis There Card 4/9