SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT LUSHCHEVSKAYA, G.M. - LUSHCHIK, CH.B.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001030920008-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 13, 2001
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

VYVALiKO, I.G.; DUSIM-CM11. A.I. [deceased]; LUSHCIWSKLYA, G.M.; MATKOVSKIY, K.I.;
SAVINOV, B.G.; SHIWV, Te.A.; TAMKOV,--Ao-fl~--
Biosynthesis of carotene. Vitaminy no.4:159-163 '59.
(MIRL 12:9)
1. Inetitut organicheskoy khImil Akademii nank USSR I Institut
zemledliya Ministerstva sellokogo khozyayatva USSR, Kiyev.
(CAROTP.P)

BIIAY.1 V.I.; VERNER, D.A.; ZAKORDOIETSI A.I.; LUSHCHEVSKAYA, G.M.
A stimulant of plant growth isolated from Fumtrium miliforme
Sheld. Izv. AN SSSR. Ser. biol. 27 no.1:1+2-47 JA-F 162.
(MIRA 15:3)
1. Akademiya nauk Ukrainskoy SSR, Ki V*
(FUSARAIr
(GROWTH PROMOTING SUBSTANCE4)

KUCHAYEVA9 A.G.; ZENEVICH9 V.Yti.; LUSH,CHE;VSKAYA, G.V.; SHIROKOV, O.G.
Conditions of gibberellin formation.by different Fusarium strains.
Izv. 0 SSSR. Ser. biol. no.2:271-277 Mr-Ap 161. (14IBA 14:3)
1. Institut mikrobiologii Akademii nauk WSR i Institut milcrobiologii
i organichebkoy khimii'Akademii nauk USSRp kafedra biologii poohvy
Moskovskogo osudardarstvennogo universiteta imeni MN.Lamonoeova.
. . ~GJMERELLINS) (FUSARIM) I

WMLUDIKO, I., kandidat tekhnichookikh naulrA T,-B., inzhener.
Gas-fired vater heater. Zhil.-kom.khoz. 6 no.5:26-28 '56.
.(Water heaters) (Km 9:11)

%uQ,"4x,gIY, V.
.
;st7
"'r
Innovator of the Riga harbor. Sov. profsoiUZ7 ? no.14:37-38 J1 '59.
(KIRA 12:103
(Riga--Harbor)

I ~ uzmtwxly, V. P.
4756. LUSHCHEVSM, V. P. Opyt skorostnoy obrabotki sudov v kaliningradakom
mDrskom portu. m. mar. transport. 1954. 36s. so ekhem 20 sm. (b-ka po
obmenu opytom na, mor. transporte). 1,000 ekz. 55k na, obl. zagl. serii:
13-ka. obmena, opytom na mor. transporte, (54,58048)P 656.61.073.2 st.
SO- Letopis' Zhrunal nykh Statey, Vol. 7p 1949

LEPESHKOV, Stepan Ivanovich; MEDVEDEV, Fedor Konstantinovich;
1,11'nupys'" V_ - red.; AKIS, I., tekhn. red.
(From the bottom of the sealSo dna moria. Riga, Latviiskoe
gos. izd-vo, 1962. 196 p. (MIRA 16:1)
(Baltic Sea-World War, 1939-1945-Naval operations-Submarine)

L'USHCMSKIY, Ya. (Itiga)
All difficulties can be overcome in a close-knit group. Sov.
profsoiuzy 3.6 no.18s28-30 S 160, (MIRA 13:10)
(RIg&--Ships-HaIntenance and repair)

LUSHCBEVSKIY, Ya.p red.; SPORANE, V., tekhn. red*
(Soviet Baltic Republics.in the fraternal family of Soviet peoples)
Sovetskaia PribaltikA v bratskoi semle narodov SSSR; materialy.
Riga, Latviiskoe gos. izd-vo. Vol.6, 137 p. (Min 14:11)
1. Mezhrespublikanskly sefainar-sovesbehaniye, Riga., 1960.
(Baltic States-Economic corAitions)-

8/138/6Z/000/0)0/007/008
A051/A126
AUTHORS: Gull, V.Ye., Lushcheykin, G.A.
TITLE: A method of investigating electric charges occurring in repeated
deformations of vulcanizates
PERIODICAL: Kauchuk i rezina, no. 10, 1962, 51 - 52
TEXT: A method has been developed to detqrmine the magnitude and sign of
electric charges forming in repeated deformations of polymers at various temper-
atures (from -100 to +2000C), and deformation frequencies from 16 to 14 cps. The
suggested method, using the instrument shown in Figure 1, can also be applied to
investigate the relation of polymer deformation to'temperature and deformation
frequency. The charge generated in one cycle was determined accumulated in de-
formation on electrodes and sample. The 3 0-53 (EO-53) AC oscillograph was.used
for this purpose, with an additional amplifier (Fig. 2). The magnitude and sign
of the charge were estimated from a.curve on the oscillograph. The charge mag-
hitude was determined in two different wayss a) by measuring the maximum pulse
V, in volts and calculating the charge magnitude, from the formulat Q w CV (C
Card 1/4 ~z

S/138/62,/000/010/007/008
A method of investigating electric charges .... A051/A126
capacitance of the ingoing circuit); b) by measuring the energy W, entering
the system per cycle from the transmitter, consumed either for the charge of.'the
ingoing capacitance C, W = CV2 jDE , or for the heating of the total resistance
U2 C
circuit:Z; W = fZ . where U is the acting value of the voltage, v; f - fre-
quency, cps. From the latter two formulae an expression for calculating the
charge per cycle is derived: Q = U Similar results are obtained from
both methods. There are 3 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Moskovskiy institut tonkoy khimicheskoy tekhnologii im. M.V. Lo-
monosova (Moscow Institute of Fine Chemical Technology im. M.V.
Lomonosov)
Card 2/P - ,'

40576
S/07o/62/007/005/013/ol4
E132/E460
AUTHORS: Gull, V.Ye., ~,!i~haYk:~ni-G,,A.., Fridkin, V.M.
TITLE: Electrets from elastic polymers
PERIODICAI.: Kristallografiya, v-7, no-5, 1962, 797-799
TEXT: The production of elactrets by the orientation of
molecules in an electric field*while the specimen is heated and
cooled is well-known. Howev~erl'the Production of electrets by
cross-linking (vulcanization) has hitherto not been described.
The possibilities of forming very high stability electrets by this
method are obvious. For these experiments natural rubber with
the usual content of vulcanizing compounds (100.parts by wt.-rubber,
3 parts sulphur, 1 part mercaptobenzothiazol, 5 parts ZnO) but
without a filler. The mixture was vulcanized in a press und.er a
pressure of 70 kg/cm2 between.sheets of Al foil which were
insulated from the press by 6 to 8 layers of cellophane. Fields
of 5 to 10 kV/cm were applied during the process. Heterocharges
were formed for low fields and homocharges 'for higher fields.
The change of heterocharge with time could be expressed by
Card 1/2 s = slexP(-t/xl) + s2exp(-t/-t2)

5/07o/62/007/005/013/014
Electrets from elastic polymers E132/E460
where Tj = 110 min and T2 = 104 min. The heterocharge is thus'
due to two mechanisms, the first dipole orientation (relaxation
time Tj ) and the second the macroscopic displacement of the ions
the long relaxation time of which (x2) is due to the high specific
resistance of the material. The production of charges of the
same sign on both sides of the sheet can be explained by the
different numbers of positive and negative ions moving towards
the electrodes. Besides the surface charging the piezomodulus was
also measured. The latter was found to be directly proportional
to the surface density of the charge and reached a value of
1o-7 c.g.s.u. The full time of vulcanization was 30 min at
143'2C. After vulcanization,specimens could not be electrified
and it is clear that the electrets are locked in by the
vulcanization. There are 3 figures.
ASSOCIATIONS: Moskovskiy institut tonkoy khimicheskoy tekhnologii
im. '.I.V.Lomonosova (Moscow Institute of Fine Chemical
Technology imeni M.V.Lomonosov)
Institut kristallografii AN SSSR (Institute of
SUBMITTED: January 16, 1962 Crystallography AS USSR)
Card 2/2

L 198LJ6 31WWP(j)/kfV0)/8WP(q)/W(m)/BDS AM(;/ASD Ps-4/Pr-4
Pc-4 ~ Fx/W/a
ACCESSION XR: AP3004083 8/0069/63/025/004/01412/0417
AUMOR: Dogadkin, B. A.; Gullp ve Ye0j, Lushcheykin, G. A.
TITIB: Study of electric charges produced during t4e multiple _deformatio of
vulcanizates and their effect on Latigue strength
SOURCE: Kolloidny*y rhurnal,,V-, 25, no. 4, 196% 4i2_417
I
-.= ~' .- _J' rubber _)m tr1l
~-rub e-, -loaded a
A VUIC ate 418~ft-._condictil' -tic
i~~_O_ -_ - - - _-_. _- -_
ture -inner origntation,
polarizations outek-surface charge buildup vulcanizate
Tatigue strength, Rezakovskly machine, fatigue strengths, compression.electric
charge
ABSTRACT: The effect of temperature,, polymer typi, an~L filler on. the magnitude
of electric - charges produced during multiple deformation In the compression of
vuleanizates has been studied by, means of the two apparatus whose diagrams are: t
shown in Fig. I of the Enclosure. In apparatus I, (maximum] deformation Is con-
stant (condition 1).. and the charge is determined by measurement-of Pee-% voltage
Card

L 24283-43
Accmsm mt: AnooW83
atus n deformation to conducted under constant
at the lower,alectrode. In appar
load (condition 2 land-the charge generated during one cygle is first amplified
and then compited,/The e.xperiments were conducted with lithium butaftene (SKBM)\'Q
or nitri - lip-14 VSKN-26, SKN-40) rubbers having an identical degree of cress-
a
linking. The effects of polymer type and temperature are presented in the-form
of plots, shown in Figs. 2 and 3. , The charges are maximum under, condition'l at
temperatures somewhat belov and under condition 2. somevhat above the glass tran-
sition temperatures. In channel black-loaded vulcanizates ,the charges are mini-
mum for black contents.corresponding to maximum development of a continuous car-
bon black conductive structure. Discussion of the results Indicates that charges
are produced both owing to innOr orientation polarization and to outer-surface
charge buildup. The effect of electric chargqd on the fatigue strength of ar- i
bon black-loaded.butadiene-styrene'i(.,' 1IM-30A) -.3atural, . 1,4-cis-polyisoprene qSKI),
canizAtee was studied with Incised speci-
and carboxylated (SKS-30-1) rubbe 11
mens, Dutch were subjected to 5FRUng-torsion tests on the Reznikovskly machine.
ng'the deformation of the
Fatigue,strength was lowered by charges produced duri
vulcanizates. This phenomenon is considered to be the result of the generation
of voltages -Adch can activate both oxidation and degradation and of the rearrange.
ment of vulcanization linkages. The fatigue strength of carbon black ;nLIcanizates
Card

DOGADKIN, B.A.; GULI, V.Ye.; ANFIMV, B.N.; LUSHCHEYKIN, G.A.
7~-,
Dielectric properties of unfilled vulcanizates of various structure.
Koll.zhur. 25 no.5:515-519 S-0 163. (MMA 16:10)
1. Moskovskly institut tonkoy khimicheakoy tekhnologii im.
M:V.Lomonosova. I

GULI, V.Ye.; LUSHCHEYKIN, G.A.; DOGADKIN, B.A.
Electric charges due to the deformation of polymers. Dokl. AN
SSM 149 no.2:302-304 Mr '63. (KRA 16:3)
1. Moskovskiy inatitut tonkoy khimichaskoy tekhnologii im.
M.V.Lomonosova. Predstavleno akademikom V.A.Karginym.
(Polymers) (Polarization (Electricity)) (Deformations (Mechanics))

ACCESSIOU HR. A113001569
I V.
S/0069/63/OW003/0334/6346
-# q I- ., -.
B. A.
X ZA" A.X&T
SOURCE. no,,: 3 '71963 -.334-340
Kolloidn h
yy~.z urna
fir
TOPIC TAGS: electrochemistry, polymer deformaticn, polymer dielectric, rubber
..property, rubber.,research, electroalastic effect
JABSTRACT: The purpose-of,this wcrk'~ w to-i ti
as nves gate the nature of the electra-
elastic. ~phpnbmenon: and'the:'e-ffect of'(1iffarent.factors on it The ~Dvestigation
of the' d6v6l6pme ni o-f- -electric '511-arg-e* during defonnation (if rubberlwas. conducted
under static compression as well as under static expansion-tonditions. In both
cases methods were used which would m-ininize the possibility of producing charge
due to friction. oL- producing contact patentiaL difference. The obtained results
indicate that the.observed effect is not caused by the orientation of dipoles in
the dielectric.or - by,'any special deformation of the vector of polarization, but is
a result of a change-in the charge density on the surface during deformation of
the specimens. The initial development of charge on the specimens, which is
responsible for the alectroelastic effect# may occur as a result of electrat type
Card 1/2
Rill
010 ~-W :V
MEN M N- 1 %8 Rl-~, M Am
W9001

L 25738-65
d
.ACCESSr0ff1WR:1
-,-.bulk Po ariza ion- 1he .-eleetret state was obtained in vu3canized rubber as a*
result of orientation under the actioa of the mechanical field of chain molecules,
containing polar, groups; The stability of the polarization increases with an
increase in the degree of crosslinking and with a reduction in the relaxation time
of the macromolecular.segmentr.. "In conclusion the authors express their gratitude
to the senior research fellow V. M.- Fridkin for his valuable suggestions during the
~discussion of this work." Orig. art. has! 12 figures and 2 tables.
I
iASSOCIATION., Institut fonkoy khimicheakoy.tekhnologii, Moscow (Institute of Fine
:Chemical Technology
ISUBRITTED, Mec~62- SUB CODE. MT, CM
EITCL: 00
NO REF GOV0. 005 OTHER. 004

L 03033-67 0dP(J)/EWT(m)/'1' __LJPL
q) iam
!,-'ACC NR- AP6023065 -P) SOURCE CODE: UR/0191/66/000/004/0038/0040
J
P'UTHOR: Antonov, S. N*; Gurman, 1. KovHga, V. V,; Lushcheykin, G* As
ORGs none
TITLE: Electric properties of epoxy resins Of different molecular weight
SOURCE: Flasticheskiye massyp no. 4, 1966p 38-40
TOPIC TAGS: ePOXY Plastic, dielectric property, dielectric loss, molecular weight
ABSTRACT: The authors studied the effect of molecular weight, temperature, and time
of curing on the angle of dielectric losses (tg S), dielectri~jpermeability ( E ), and
specific electric volume resistivity (P..) of epoxy resins ED-5y- F.D-6, and ED-L (see
Table 1), obtained by condensation of diphenylolpropane an ep:rchlorohydrin. Dielectri,
properties of the noncured resins Improved with an increase in molecular weight and
as their curves of tgS ='f(t) and E =, f(t) shifted toward higher temperatures. The
values of dielectric properties of pured resins decreased with an increase in molecu-
lar weight. The curing conditions of the epoxy resins affected tgS more than E or
Orig. art. has: 5 fig- and 1 table.
t5.01 : 537.226

L 03033-67
ACC NR: AP6023065
1 2 3-
4
0 2 34,
8- 0,47 5 15 4/0 14
5
7 408 S' 13 ei
13 Q~ 408. /z
5 .~407 12 ADO.
405-
-11 .402
.10 0-
-6 V-UW41-40-20 a 20 40 50 60 100 A/0 180
g;
-Izor -80 -40 0 40 80, .--Izq
t,.C
Figure 1. Dependence of tg S(1-3), E (4-6), Figure 2. Dependence of tg 9 and of t
and Pv (7-9) of the noncured resins on temper- cured resins on curing temperature;
ature; 1, 4, 7-sZD-5 resin; 2, 5, 8-ED-6 resin; tg% : l-ED-5; 2-ED-L; 3-ED-6; 4-ED-5;
3, 6, 9-ED-L yesin P.,r : 5-ED-5; 6-ED-6; 7-ED-L; 8-ED-5;
1 and 8 were cured by diethylenetriam:L
.iTable 1. Characteristics of e~2xy resins and 2s 30 4o 50 6. and 7 by maleic an-
- hydr~ide
RcsInj Concnp X.I_YAole weightl Melting temp.,~
ED-6 1 16.3 1 450-550 1 8-15
ED-L 9.3 800-1000 40-60
SUB CODE& -M11/ SUBM DAM none/ ORIG REF: 005/ OTH REF: 002

5(4) SOV/69-121-3-6/25
AUTHORS: Gull, V.Ya. and Lushcheykin, Yu.G.
TITLE: The Effect of Molecular Interaction on the Electric
Strength of Vulcaniz~11.tes
PERIODICAL: Kolloidnyy zhurnal, 1959, Vol XXI, 1Tr 3, pp 28'3-288
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: The authors report on an investigation intended to
ascertain the dependence of the electric strength of
pure vulcanizates on the intensity of molecular inter-
action (the magnitude of spLcific cohesional enerL;-,
For the experiments samples 0.1 + 0.4 mm thick were
used, in order to reduce the heterogeneity of the
field. The ex.-eriments wore carried out so as to
ensure an electric breakdo-;.,n, a procedure utterly
suitable to set forth -the effect of the natiu-c of the
polymer. The ex~-,eriments proved the statistical
character of the electric strength (which has much
in conomon with mechanical strength): the character
Card 1/3 of the distribution curves, the dependencr of

SOV69-21-3-6/25
The Effect of IVIolecular Interaction on the Electric Strength of
Vuleanizates
electrical and mechanical strength on the thickness
of the sample and its temperature. In the field of
high elastic states molecular interaction does not
exercise a remarkable influence on electric strength.
In the field of transition from a high-elastic to a
vitrified state, however, the factors which determine
the mobility of the links of chain molecules, exercise
a considerable effect on electric strength. The ex-
periments further proved that -the maximum value of
electric strength is directly proportional to the
specific cohesional enerCy, provided that the remain-
ing characteristics of the chemical character of the
polymer remain unchan~--ed. With the lowering of tempera-
ture, the electric strength of vulcanizates increases,
reaching a maximum at the temperature of vitrification.
It decreases, hoi,,rever, at a further lowering of the
temperature. The authors ascertained a linear depen-
dency between maximum electric strength and vitrifi-
Card 2/3 cation temperature for rubbers of similar chemical

SOV/69-21-;-5-6/25
The Effect of Molecular Interaction on the Llectric 3trength of
Vulcanizates
structure. In the field of t1ransition from the hiGh-
elastic to the vitrificd st-ate electric and mechanical
strength are characterized by analogous dependencies
on different factors (measures of the sample, tempera-
ture, period of activity of the mechanical or electri-
cal field, specific coliesional energ-T of the high-
polymers). The -authors mention the Soviet scientist
G.M. Bartenev Z Ref 117. There are 8 graphs, 2 dia-
grams and 13 references, 12 of which are Soviet and 1
En-lish.
0
ASSOCIATION: Moskovskiy institut tonkoy khimicheskoy tohhnologii
im. M.V. Lomonosova (Liosco:.-i Institute of Fine Chem-i-
cal Technology imeni M.V. Lomonosov)
SUBMITTED: 26 December, 1957
Card 3/3

GERSHANOK, R.A., inzh.; PROKHOROV, V.N., inzh.; ~,U P4 ~
n-zh
Block segmented prestressed concrete trusses lacking_Oruta and
with a span of up to .36 m. Prom. stroi. 40 [i.e. 411 no-4:
17-24 Ap 163. (MIRA 16:3)
I. Proyektnyy institut No.1 Goostroya SSSR (for Gershanok).
2, Lening'radskoye otdaleniyA Vsesoyuznbgo gosudarstvennogo
proyektn go instituta. stroitel'stva elektrostantsiy (for
Prokhorov). 3. Trest Sevenergostroy (for Lushchik).
(Trusses) (Prestressed concrete)

LU14-HIKI- Ch. B.
Dissertation: "Investigation of Electron ~;onters of ALtractiun in Alkali-lialide
Crystallcpnosphors by the Method of Thermal Irradiation." Cand Phys-Math Sci, Leningrad
State U9 Leningrad) 1954. Re-ferativnyy Zhurnal--Khiniya., Moscow, No 13, Jul 540
SO: SUM No. 356, 25 Jan 1955

UPWphysice Spectral~analysia
Card i/1
Pub. 4~:_ 26/62
Authors C
Lushchiks '~_Chs Be
The spec ru,
Iitle t m of .,electron entrapme
nt -levels, in allcali-halide crystallo-
..:Phosphorus
Periodical vIzv. AN SSSR Ser. fiz.18/6j page 687,, Nov-Dec-1954
Abstiadt ulThe op A of-th6rmal activation,energies 9'1
PC rum, wa nvestigated for the ea-
..tilapmant centers of fifteen crystallophosphori to determine the inertia char-
acteristic's of the compoinds. It was found that a predominant majority ot
entrapment centers representsthermal microdefects of the basic substance and
~is in''no* way connected Ath the presence of activator ions in the crystal.
It.waa also.observed that the spectrum-of electron entrapment levels becomes
highlycomplicated if-the phosphorus bass is in the form of a mixed crystal.
Two referencest. I USSR-and I USA (1949-1951).
Institution: Acad* of Sc.0 Est. SSR, Inst. of Physics and Astronomy
%bmitted

USSR / Optics
K
Abs Jour: Referat Zhur-Fizika, 1957, No 4, 10-174
Author LushchUi,__Ch-B-
Inst Uo-tGiven '
Title Recombination Mechanism of Afterglow of Certair- Crystal
Phosphors.
Orig Pub: Tr- In-ta fiz. i astronom: AN EstSSR, 1955, 110 1;, 57-71
Abstract: A parallel investigation of the thermal glow (TG) of KC1-TlCl
phosphor, exposed to X-rays at 2DI C and of the thermal discolor-
ation of the F and M bands (550 and 850 rdllizicroLs) in KU cry-
stal exposed to X-rays has stown that- the tr;mTerat-,ares of th~-
maximum velocity of discoloration of F and M bands (410 and 3250
K respectively) coincides with the temperaturas of the thenml
glow peaks (PTG). Praliminary exposuie of the ;excited phosphor
of KC1-TlCl to light at ~ = 555 0l- 850 millimicrons atteruates
the peaks at 410 and 3250 K reapectively. Aralcgou5 coincidence
is observed between the temperature of ',he dis.-cloration of the
Card 1/3

USSR / Optics
Abs Jour: Referat Zhur-Fizika, 1957, No 4, 10374
K
Zl band and YCl-CaClp and 'the PTG temperature (36oo x) of the
KCl-CaCl2 -TlC1 phosphor. It is concluded that the presenco~-
of different PTG is due to the localizati~.)n .3f the electroDs
in various capture centers, preeent already in the pure basic
matter and independent of the glow cente-ris (ion3 of the acti-
vator). This, in the author's opinion, prov-as the probability
of their recombination phospho-rc-scence in alkali-halide phos-
phors. The following glow mechaniam is p-roposed: the light ex-
cites the activator ions. Part of these is cororerted into the
ground state with radiation of flue.resc.ince and pat is ion-
ized. With this, the -=lectrons are localized at the d~~_fc-cts
of the fundamental lattice (F, M, and other centers), on the
impurities (Ca4+, Sr++ etc.), and on the activator ions (TI").
The recombination of "he freed electrons with th.~ ionization
glow centers passes through an excited state of 'he latter.
It is established that in the phosphors CdBr2411b, CdBr?-Mn
Card 2/3

USSR / Optics
Abs Jour: Referat Zhur-FiziYa, 1957, No 4, 10374
K
and CdBr2-Au there are the same localization levels, and the
glow spectrum is characteristic for the activator ions. Con-
clusion is reached that the prolonged aftez,glcv of all the above
phosphors is of recombination character. BibliographY, 36 titles.
Card : 3/3

USSR / optics K
Abs Jour: Referat Zhur-Fizika, 1957, No 4, 10'-180
Author : Klement., F.D.., Lushcrik, Ch-B.
Inst : Not Given
Title : Diffusion of Activator in Alkali-Halide Crystal Phosphors.
Orig Pub: Tr. In-ta fiz. i astronom., AN EstSORI 1955., No 1, 72-94
Abstract: An investigation was made of the diffusion of ions of Cu _'Pb
and TV' in single crystals of KC1 and NaCl in the temperature 2
range from 500 to 7400. A layer of activator (CUC1, AgCl, PbCl
and TlCl) was distilled on single-crystal plates of the base in
vacuum, was heated for 30 minutes, flaked into layers approximately
0.01 cm each, and the absorption spectrum was measured for each
layer. The coefficient of absorption km at the maximun of the ac-
tivator band of absorption is proportional to the activator con-
centration in the layer and makes possible determination of var-
ious characteristics of diffusion from the curves km = f(x) where
Card 1/2

USSR / Optics K
Abs Jour: Referat Zhur-Fizika, 1957, No 4, 1038o
x is the distance from the surface of the crystal to the investi-
gated layer. The depth of penetration (i,e., the depth at which
is e times less than on the surface) of the ions in KC1 after
3~ minu7tes at 7400 is (in centimeters): Ca 0.21, AeO.052, Fb--'
o ol4, Tl+ < 0.01; in NaCI the vahaes are Cu+ 0 .097, Ag -r o m6.
The activation energy Q for the diffusion of the Cu-" and Ag-t' ions
in KC1 is respectively 1.1 and 1.4 ev. For K-t' in KCI, according
to the data in the literature, q = 1.6 ev. This difference is attri-
buted to the fact that the radii of the Cu + and Ag_~'ions are lesE
than in K*t-. Bibliography, 31 titles.
Card 2/2

LUSHCHIK, CH. B
"Study of Trapping Centers in Crystals by the Method of Ther-
mal Extinquishing," by Ch. B.-lushchik, Institute of Physics
and Astronomy, Academy of Sciences Estonian SSR, Izv. AN Est-
SSR 1955, No 2, pp 217-229 (from Referativnyy Zhurnal -- Fi-'
zika, No 10, Oct 56, Abstract No 29780)
"The method consists in plotting curves of the absorption coeffi-
cient km ratio at maxima of various additional absorption bands of the
..excited crystal to the temperature T at uniform heating. A theoretical
analysis of the curves km ~ f(T) permits determination of the thermal
energies of ionization ET uf trapping centers and the correlation be-
tween the recombination probabilities P p and a recurrent trapping P3 of
freed electrons. For alkali haloid crystals P 3 Pp. On the basis of
coincidence of temperatures of the maximum velocity of decoloring of
x-irradiated.KC1 with peak temperatures of thermal glowing of phosphor
KU = TlCl it is.concluded that the peaks are produced by the freeing
of eiectrons from F- and M- centers. An analogous coincidence of KC1,=
CaC12 and KC1 . OaCl;?~- TIC1 shows that the peak of thermal glowing
at 365 OK is produced uy ionization of ZI -banda at 580 Mo (Cu+ ions),
It was computed from experimental data that ET for F-centers in KC1 and
Z, -bands in KCI F CaC12 and KC1 = SrC12 equals, respectively, 1.02,
0.86, and 0.80 ev."
sum. 1287

us
USSR/Optics - Physical Optics
Abs Jour : Referat Zhur - Fizika, No 5, 1957, 12931
Author : Lushchik, Ch.B.
----------
Inst : Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Academy of Sciences, ~!Sro v I A ~j
GSSR
Title : Concerning the Theory of Thermal Glow.
Orig Pub : Dokl. AN SSSR, 1955, lol, No 4, 641-644
Abstract ; The author considers the optimum, conditions of thermal
glow of crystal phosphors for the case of small probabi-
lity of repeated localizations of electrons on the cap-
ture centers compared with the probability of the recom-
bination vith the ionization centers of the glow. An
analysis is made of the dependence of such quantities as
dispersion, resolving paver, and light intensity of the
thermal-glaw method on the experimental conditions.
Card 1/2

USSR/Optics Physical Optics, K-5
Abst Journalt Referat Zhur - Fizika, No 12) 1956P 35774
Authors Lushchik, Ch. B.
Institution: Institute of Physics and Ast.?ZMGMY Academy of the Ratonian SSR,
Tartu 0
Title: Energies of Thermal Ionization of Dye Centers in Alkali--RELloid
Crystal Phosphors
Original
Periodicals Dokl. AN SSSR, 1955, 101, No 5, 833-836
Abstract: Using the curves for the thermal glow of crystals of NaBr, KC1, KBr,
and KIJ, activized by copper, silver, and thallium, the energy of
the thermal ionization ET and the factor P0 in the equation for the
probability of the thermal ionization of dye centerst
p a P0 exp (-ET/kT) was determined. The majority of the peaks of the
thermal glow is independent of the activator-and of other admixtures
and corresponds to thermal ionization of the dye centers in pure
alkali-haloid crystals. The connection between the ind-f-e-dual peaks
Card 1/2

USSR/Optics - Physical Opticoj, K-5
Abst Journali Referat Zhur - Fizika, No 12.. 1956) 35774
Abstract: ik ~he thermal glow and the absorption bands of the dye csnters
tll-eBtablished by selective optical decolorizing of the indivLdual
bands. For the F-centers the values of ET are (ev): NaCl -- ~~03,
NaBr -- 0-78, KC1 -- 1-03, KBr -- 0.82, and KI -- 0.65. The values,
calculated by S. I. Pekar (Isaledovaniya po elektronnoy teorii
kristallov CInvestigations on the Electron Theory of Crystal!./P'1951.)
are in poor agreement with the experimental data. The causes 6f
the discrepancy are analyzed.
Card 2/2

L u 5 VA c1h t V, , C~,. (~.
USSR/Optics - Physical Optics K-5
Abs Jour : Referat Zhur - Fizika) No 5, 1957, 12946
Author : Lushchik) Ch.B.
Inst : - ------- - ----------- %_
Title : Method of Thermal-Optical Glow.
Orig Pub : In-ta fiz. i actron. AN EstSSR, 1956) vo 4, 42-52
Abstract : A new sensitive method is proposed for the investigation
of the capture centers and for the kinetics of the rela-
xation processes in phosphors, a method based an the measu-
rement of the brightness of the optical flash of glow at
different instants of time after cessation of the excita-
tion, with heating the phosphor with a constant velocity
("method of thermal-optical glow"). The influence of ther-
mal luminescence is eliminated by modulating the gloving
light and recording the glow by means of an electron mul-
tiplier. The influence of the temperature extinction Is
elimenated by working in a pulsed heating modewith
Card 1/2

C,ooo~
USS Cal Che~. Crystals B-5
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - laiimlya, Wo 7, 1957, 2212b
Author Ch. B. Lushchik F - N. Zaitov
Inst o
, even
Title Relaxation processes in phosphors with a complex spectrum
of penetration levels.
Orig Pub Tr. In-ta fiz, Astron. Ali Bet 'SSR, 1956, No 4, 53-80
0
4bstract Thermal decolorization and therwo-optic lu4inosity in the sys-
tem of impulse heating are the object of this study In order
to permit an examination of the distribution of electrons (E.)
and holes on the levels of penetration. Stimulated phosphor
is submitted to constant heating until it reaches a tempera-
ture T, and then it is quickly cooled to To. At To the spec-
trum of absorption Of StiLlulated phosphor or tile spectruin of
stimulation -If the optical flash are measured. After that
the tempe7--ature again is quickly increased to T then the
phosphor is submitted to constant heating; up to 12- At that
point the t~%Tperature is rapidly lowered -to To and so on.
The examination of the absorption of the stimulated KCl-CaCl2-
AgCl and NaCI-Ar~Cl showed thot the distribution of E and
Card 1/2 ..43-

--------------------------- --- -------
Categor)r: USSR Physical Chemistry - Crystals B-5
Abs Jour: Referat Zhur-Ehimiya, No 9, 1957., 29733
Author Lushchik Ch. B.
Inst ny-orTc-l-ences Esthonian SSR
Title Anisothermal Relaxation Processes in Crystalphosphors
Orig Pab: ENSV teaduste Akad. toimetised. Tehn. ja faus.-matem. teaduste seer.,
Izv. fill estSSR, Ser. tekhn. i fiz.-matem. n., 1956, 5, No 1, 12-21
Abstract: Methods available for the investigation of relaxation processes
(determinations of temperature dependence of luminosity of thermolu-
minescence) conductance and photodielectric effect) are considered,
and methods are proposed for thermal decolorization (determination of
dependence of absorption coefficient of capture centers upon tempera-
ture on uniform heating of excitated phosphor) and thermal-optical de-
excitation (periodical determination of the luminosity of optical flash
on uniform heating of excitated phosphor). The two lazt mentioned
methods, and the method based on determination of photodielectric effect,
make It possible to utilize Impulse heating conditions, which is most
Card 1/2 _28-

Category: USSR / Physical Chemistry - Crystals B-5
Abs Jaur: Referat Zhur.:.nimiya, No 9, 1957., 29733
advantageous in the case of investigation of phosphors having a complex
spectrum of capture levels. Basic theoretical correlations between
experimentally determined quantities and elemental characteristics
of the phosphor, are given. Some applications are considered of the
method of thermal decolorization and of the method of thermal-optical
de-exitation, in the study of mechanism and kinetics of luminescence
and investigations of capture centers of phosphors.
Card 2/2 -29-

- ~ -z - ~ - _, '! -~, T-4'7.44tv W-It M. X 14. I;Viii:~l kloEu"
., I .- , I - - . 1, ~- IF, -V- ' -T Ettoman Zhur, IllsiX, I Tv PH
I., =io,. coistinuation of sm k by Lumh`c5llil
I ., . Nauk Eamian S.S.R. 4,2(15M)) a !ormasb
(livewl.Aka . .. . . . . - .

Category USSR/Optics ksical optics
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika, No 1, 1957, No 2378
K-5
Author Lushchik?. Ch.B.
Inst Institute of Physics and Astronomy of the Acad. of Sciences Estonian SSR
Title Investigation of Capture Centers in Crystals by the Thermal-Discoloring Method
Orig Pub :Zh- eksperim. i teor. fi;.iki, 1956, 30, No 3, 488-5oO
Abstract :Presentation of the theory of a method for the investigation of capture cen-
ters in alkali halide enystals by thermal discoloring (TD), caused by thermal
liberation of electrons (holes) from their localization aenters. One measures
for this purpose the temperature dependence of the absorption coefficlent4te M
at the maximum of the absorption bands of capture centers of a definite type,
the crystal being uniformly heated. It is assumed that the capture centers
are of exactly equal depth, that the TD has a bimolecular mecahnism, and that
A;A is proportional to the concentration n of the capture centers. The TD
metTod was used to investigate the capture-centers in IT1 exposed to X-rays
and also in KCl.CaCl2 and KCl.SrCl2 (0.5 mol. % of Ca2 or Sr2*), excited with
an aluminum spark. Two bands are observed in the KC1 absorption spectrum, at
555 z4u (F-centers) and 225 qkt(V-centers). KCl.CaCl produces bands at 580, 350)
and 225 mu, while KC1.SrClp produces bands at 590, 150, and 225 m;'. The bands
at 580 and 590 r4u correspond to Z centers, while those at 350 r4u are attributed
Card 1/2

Category USSR/Optics - Physical optics
Abs Jour Ref Zhur 4 Fizika, No 1, 1957 No 2378
K-5
by Seitz to V, centers. It was established that the shape of the curvesAY, m
(T) is independent of the initial value no. This is evidence of low proba-
bility of repeated captures of electrons by the color centers. The energy
of the optical and thermal dissociation of the capture centers (E,\ and ET)
depends on the type of impurity. For KC1, E,\- 2.22 ev and ET - 0.97--l.02
ev. For KCl-CaCl2, E,\= 2.12 ev and ET = 0.85--o.86 ev, while for KC1-SrCl2,
E), - 2.08 ev and ET - 0.80 ev. The author concludes that thermal glow in-
volves the liberation of electrons rather than holes.
Card 2/2

4 G
LUSHCHIK,_.)1.; LUSHCHIK, CH.
"On a model of centers of 11)minescence in alkali halide crystallophosphors.11
P. 5 (UURDfUSED. TRULY) No. 6. 1957
Tartu, Estonia
SO; Monthly Index of E-st European Accessions (EEAI) LC. Vol. 7, no. 4,
April 1958

LUSHCHIK, CH. and others
"Problem of migraLion of energy in alkali halide crystallophosphor."
p. 63 (Wrimused. Trudy) No. 6. 1957
Tartu, Estonia
SO: Monthly Index of East European Accessions,(EEAI) LC. Vol. 7, no. 4,
April 191-8

SUBJECTt USSR/Luminescence 48-4-8/48
AUTHOR: Lushchik Ch.B.
TITM Now Methods for Investigations of Relaxation Processes and
Capture Centers in Crystallopbosphors (Novyye metody issledo-
vaniya relaksatsionnykh protsessov i tsentrov zakhvata v
kristallofosforakh)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya, 1957,
Vol 21, #4, P 504 (USSR)
ABSTRACT% The following new methods for investigations of relaxation
processes are considered:
1. The thermal decolorization method,
2. The thermo-optical de-luminescence method,
3. A version of the Bull and Mason Method,
4. A method based on measuring dependence of "negative
excitation absorption" on temperature of heating a phosphor.
Applications of these methods for solution of various prob-
lems are mentioned.
Card 1/2

48-4-8/48
TITLEs New Methods for Investigations of Relaxation Processes and
Capture Centers in Crystallophosphore (No:vyye metody issledo-
vaniya relaksatsionnykh protsessov i teentroy zakhvata v
kristallofoeforakh)
Direct investigation methods of distribution of electrons
and holes by capture levels during ralaxation prooeases are
also considered.
No other references are cited.
INSTITUTIONt Institute of Physics and Astronomy of the Estonian Academy
of Sciences.
PRESENTED BYt
SUBMITTEDs No date indicated
AVAILABLEt At the Library of Congress.
Card 2/2

V-)
48_-_27/56
SUBJECT: USSR/Luminescence
AUTHORS: Lushchik, Ch.B., Zaitov, F.N., Kark, V.Ya., Teyss, L.A, and
-
Yaekq r.-V
.
TITLE: Investigation of Capture Centers and Kinetics of Relaxation
Processes in Alkalii-Haloid Crystallophosphors (Issledovaniye
taentrov zakhvata i kinetiki relakeatsionnykh protsessov v
shchelochno-galoidnykh kristallofosforakh.)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya, 1957,
Vol 21, #5, Pp 693-694 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The role of capture centers of various types in recombinational
luminescence of alkali-haloid crystallophosphors was studied by
several methods,,
Capture centers of a basis substance (p, Fl?, M, 0 P, etc) ind
'2+
+
capture centers created by bi-valence admixtures C a and Sr
are manifested in thermal de-luminescence and optical flash.
The number and main characteristics of these centers can be
considerably changed by means of plastic deformation and tem-
perature treatments
TI +
Pb 2+ and Mn 2+
Cu+
The effect of several activators (Ag+
,
,
,
on the spectrum of excited absorption, thermal de-luminescence
Card 112 and thermal decolorization of phosphors based on NaC1 and KC1

156
TITLE: Investigation of Capture Centers and Kinetics of Relaxation
Proces8ee in Alkali.-Halold Crystallophosphors (Issledovaniye
tsentrov zakhvata i kinetiki relaksatsionnykh protseasov v
shchelochno-galoidnykh kristallofoaforakh.)
was investigated. Especially many electrons are stored in-phos-
phors with two activators (e.g., NaCl-Ca2+, Ag+). Activator
capture centers are also manifested in recombinational lumines-
cenceg but their existence is often disguised by temperature
quenching,
The distribution of electrons and holes over capture levels
essentially changes during the processes of decay and flash.
This distribution, which is established in the result of a
lasting excitation by X-rays, is not a temperature equilibrium
one,, The degree of filling capture levels by electrons can be
as high as 30 %, but is not completed The report was followed
by a discussion, One Russian reference is cited.
INSTITUTION: Institute of Physics and Astronomy of the Estonian Academy of
Sciences and Tartu State University.
PRESENTED BY:
SUBMITTEDi No date indicated.
AVAILABLE: At the Library of Congress.
Card 2/2

65971
6, C, SOV/58-59-4-9433
Translation from; Referativnyy Zhurnal Fizika, 1959, Nr 4. p 288 (ussp.)
AUTHORS: Lushchik, Ch.B., Liyd'ya, G.G.
TITLE: Exciton Capture Centers in Alkali Halide Crystals Activated by Mercury-
Like Ions
PERIODICAL: Tr. In-ta fiz. i astron., AS EstSSR, 1958, Nr 7, pp 193 - 226 (Eng.
r6sum6y-- -
ABSTRACT: The authors investigated the changes that arise in the absorption and
in the excitation spectra of KBr crystals activated by mereury-like
ions (Ga+, In+, Tl+, Ge2+, Sn2+ 1. and Rb2+) after X-ray irradiation and
illumination by ultraviolet radiation in the region of activator and
exciton absorption bands. On the basis of the obtained results and the
data in the literature the authors examine the interaction of excitons
with impurity and intrinsic crystal microdefects serving as 11exciton
dissociation centers" and "exciton ar
.,sihilatio t
n cg.ers ,Fe former
may be divalent impurity ions, e.g. M + + ex -> M + ex --;o, + e + p with
subsequent hole localization in the cation vacancy (this was demonstrated
Card 1/2 experimentally for KBr-Pb, KBr-Ge, and KBr-Mn), while the latter may be

65971
SOV/58-59-4-9433
~Xciton Capture Centers in Alkali Halide Crystals Activated by Mercur7-Like Ions
rponovalent impurity ions, e.g. M+ + ex --1, M+ ex. ---- 14+* --1-- M+ + hV (M is the impurity
ton, ex. is the exciton, e is the electron, and p is the hole), The phenomenon of the
Oe-exciting action of X-rays was investigated in NaCl-Pb, KBr-Tl, and KC1 phosphors.
The authors discuss the exciton mechanism of this phenomenon. The de-exciting action
of excitons in KBr-Pb is experimentally confirmed. A study of the optical decoloration
spectrum of the F centers in KC1-Ca, Ag showed that the F centers become decolorized
pot only in the F and V absorption bands but also in other electron absorption bands.
The bibliography contains 84 titles.
G.G. Liyd'ya
Card 2/2

24.(?), 24(Y) '30V/48-22-11-16/3x
AUTHOR6; 1,urhchik. Ch. B., Lushchik, N. Te.
TITL'.,. ~:o,,~ctroscopy of'-Luminfscence !.enrern Jn 'Ikuli-Halide Crystal
J.
Phosphors -activated '.iith Mercury-Type Ions (-Ipektroakopiya
t2entrov lyuminestsentsii v shwiplochno-1-galoidnvkh krisrallo-
fosforakh, aktivirovamykh rtutepodobnymi ionRmi)
PERIODIC4,0,1 lzvestiya Akadenii nao? "..' JI, 'Priya f'lzichesknya, 19~-18, VOL 22),
Nr 1,1, pp 151i)-15-V,
ABFTR!CT: The structure of electron absorption spectra (excitation spectra)
exhibits the same basic features in all kinds of' phosphorn: A
wide (sometimes split) band and a group consisting of three
wf7ak(-.,r long-nave bancts. A quantitative comparison of the char-
acteriotics o; free ioris and of' trit- luminescence centers dAm-
onstratpd, norever, tnut thti vrrp-~rties of the I'mercury-type
ions" are modified by the intramoleca.lar field tc a much greater
degree than t~hose of the rare-(,!ir-fn ions. !7lich ions are
Ga Ge I n and Pb ionii Oef 18). Por all
metal impurities in Avali-halidp crystals the "compression
Card 1/ 4 coe!.Tici(-ntII o ~- F9 F:k> 1, that in to say the field of the

!3OV/48-22-11-!6/53
5pectroscopy of Luminescence Centerij in !',lkali-flalide Crystal Phosphors
Activated With Mercury-Type Ions
crystal lattice causes an approximation of the energy levels of
tne impurity cation centers. For imDurity anion centers an in-
verse regularity had to be expected: o4!~..1. The mutual position
of' the energy levels of' the electron configuration 3po, 3P19
5P 29 and 1P1 is modified if an ion is introduced into the lattice
field in a direction which indicutes a weakening of the (L, -I)-
bond by the crystal lattice (Ref 3). It aDDeared that approx-
imately o - 1 4- aE. (Ref 3). This approximate relation permits
9
to make some important, if only rough estimates. The intra-
crysTalline field causes a splitting of' the levels of mercury-
type ions into three sublevela. The electron vibrational struc-
ture of the spectra has been investigated by Pekar and coworkers
by exact methods and. by means of series expansions (Refs 22-25).
The elementary emission and absorption bands of the luminescence
centers of phosphors which have been activated by mercury-type
ions exhibit a shape approximating that of Gaussian error curve,
Card 2/4 which is due to the heavy energy losses in Stokes' fluorescence

SOV/48-22-11-16/33
Spectroscopy of Luminescence Centers in Alkali-Halide Crystal Phosphors
Activated With Mercury-Type Ions
Card 3/4
(1 - 2 eV). This was also predicted by the theory of Pekar
(Ref 22) and can be concluded from thr Klick model (Ref 16). The
parameters of the potential curves of luminescence centers com-
puted according to data provided by measurements at different
temperature!,. demonstrated that 1, (,', and ~;eare dependent upon
temperature, I being the quantum number, E e the energy of a
pure electron transition, and Q the activation energy of the
temperature extinction of luminescence. The Klick-Wallems model
can be considered a good first order approximation of a descrip-
tion of the luminescence centers. This model can be success-
fully used in describing a number of important spectral reg-
ularities in a semi-quantitative manner. Quite recently a new
physical phenomenon, that of an "optical extinction" in the im-
purity centers of the crystals was prea:cted on the basis of
this model. Taking into account this eiTect criteria of the
existence of luminescence and deviations from the Vavilov rule
(Refs 32,3,33,8) were investigated. There are 2 figures and
33 references, 24 of which are Soviet.

SOV/48-22-11-16/33
Spectroscopy of' Luminescence Centers in Alkali-Halide Crystal Phosphors
Activated With Mercury-Type Ions
ASSOCIATION: Institut fiziki i astronomii Akademii nauk EstSSR (Institute
of Physics and Astronomy, AS Estonian SSR)
Card 4/4

PHASK I W;Z b=wETAT LON SOV/jl'40
AkftdeMIya nauk Ukratnakoy lnn~lt,jt rI=IkI
PotoolaktViaheakiya I optLah,!akiyo yavlentya v polup.-ovadnikakhl
tnAy parvogo vacaoyuztjaKj ~cv.jahcjjanLya po Cato. lektrlCheakla
I Optiahaakim yaVlenlynm %, poluprnvadnLk.1kh. g. Klyevj 20-26
DaYabrys 2957 g (Pnotoolaacnc and Optical Phonam~na In Semi-
conductorej Tranm4atwnz of the First conforanco an Photoelectric
And Optical Phanomuna In Samloondu4tora... ) Klycv. 1959. 403 9.
4,000 copies printoa.
Additional Sponsoring Agcncyi Akadamlya, nauk =R. Presidium.
Kondestya po poluprovodn'kami.
Xd. or Publishing House: 1. V. Kinina; Toch. Ed. : A. A. Katvoyahuk;
Beep. R4.3 V. Ya. Lashkarev, Acadmlalanx Ukrainian SSR& Academy
or Sciences.
VURIOS., T
1
Is
,
Intendcd for scientists in the field of semi-
~i
:
d
to
.
.
.
~
p oll'i atate spectroscopy.
u and semiconductor
4
3
---------- 4
devices. The collection wTr1-1;o Tunefii-Y-tdidvance(T students In
universities and InstItuteA or htgn~r' tochnical training
specializing In the physics and tealinleal application of semLt-
conductors.
COMANs The collection contains ropart3 and Information bul2at1no
(the letter are indicated by a3tnr1Ak--) read at the First kIl-
Union conference on Optical an.1 fhoriclectric Phenomena in 3=1~
conductors. A wide scope or problem3 In semiconductor physics
and technology are considereds photoconductivity. phatoolectro.
matIv* forces. optical properties. photoelectric calls and
photoresistors. the actions of hard and corpu9cular radiations.
the properties at thin films and complex 3em1conduCtor sy3tma,
*to. The materials were prepared for publication by E. 1.
Itashboys 0. V. SnItkov K. D. Tolpygo. A. F. Lqbchenko#&nd M. K.
Sheynkman. References and discus3lon rollow, each article.
pt,ato.jectric and Optical Manassas (C~Mt- 30V/3140
Ir., X p. Za"archany!. and P, Pavinakiy.
lowv. a .49
4M,ItiW., an (Theaell
Pestrnyak, X. PhotA~I*Ctrlc Properties of A MOt&1-3--
----auarcr 152
coo -cormact
X- N- All ,:nd A_k_ftvaahg The
r, t or slame, an Iron Impurl t a on Me FAct06100tric
tra 158
p4rtles of Cuprous Oxide
AndriyGvXk,jy. A. I., and A. L. MMItiLY. The "enomenon
or Photoelectric -p&tjgsbIjIty1j3ens.%tIv1tY DiminutIonj in
cuprous Oxide 164
Yu and A.ZZaka~ The- arfec t a r an Ionic
"ZoAn! o the I-Inemosoce or Cuprous Oxide 173
to d
-8iUplobcXtjrllokph~oGtobxm=a't6rir-a'ti~Nves~~igatvtonanof EleCtron-Hole and ExcIton
1,notoelectric and Optical Phenomena (Cont. SOV/3140
rr,,essos in Alkali-MAIVId Crystals 180
gative Photoconductivity of Selenium
C.110. With positive Sign of the PhOtO*10atec- 191
active Force
Kolonlyets. B. T., and jj_ZLXov. Displacement or the
d In ~
r-xmrption Band In reous Sealconductorn or the 201
SYitam A025*3-As2T*3
jC_j_ X d.A..K J101:n~1;v.
aabi.~a_~ ;,,. ..-t1gation
.0;;.!n
His.
or the composition or lAnd Sulfide PhQtorealators According

SOV/51-6-1-28/W
A7jTHOR3j Gh.B. and Moskvin, A.V.

TITLE: VII Cv-..fterenni on L,,zminrs,-en--:e kGrystal Phosphors). (VII Soveshchaniya
po ly~=-,-neetsentzli tkristallafoafory) )
NRIODIGALs Optika i Spektroskoplya, 1959, Vol 6. 11r 1, pp 122-124: (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The 'o-11 ~'.~-nferoaca on linmine-scerv:a was hold in Moscow between June 26
and J1.7.1y 3, 1958. It vas organi!:ed by the Physics Institute imeni
P.N. Lei-rd6v of the Academy of Sc-ionces of the U.S.S.R. and by the
Scientific Coun-il an Liiminescrnice. Tne conference was devoted to
the phy-7ics, chemAstry aryi applications of crystal phosphors. Over
3E0 delegatts from 24rcitier. ana towns in the Soviet Union attended the
conferea". Hungarian, Polish and East German scientists were also
present. Over 100 papers 'were road at 4 plenary and 14 sectional
sessior.c. The conference was split into two parallel sections on the
physics and on the cheinistry of crystal phosphors. Papers on the
physics of crystal phosphors could be divided into the following groups.
(1) nature of the luminescence centrea, (2) processes of transfer of
energy in crystals, (3) Idnetics of recombination luminescence and the
naturs of capture 2entreg, (4) physical processes occurring on
excitation with electric fields, electron beams and hard radiatiaw;.
Card 1/6

VII Conference on Lumineac6nce (Crystal Phosphors).
SOV/51-6-1-28/30
The authors review first the papers on the nature of luminescence
contras. These papers Included -work on quantum-mechanical calculation
of a luminescence contra in KCl-T1 (N.N. Kristofell), a discussion of
alkali-halide phosphora activated with mercury-like Ions (N.U.Lushchiki
work: on halide phosphors in which the activator ions were saju to be
distributed along crystal lattice sites (F.D. Klement), a discussion
of surface affeett in luminescon" (P. Shvist ana N.I. Ivanova), a
paper on crystRls in whir~h luminescenct contras are in the form of
complexep zitamted on the surfacq ki J.A. Shamovekiy and A.A. Dunina).
Z.A. Trapamiko7a, M.L. Kats and NMN.Lushchik shmai that in phosphors
with one activator several types of ~amlnasconce contras are possible.
The effect.5 of uniform pressure of 7000 atm on luminescent properties
of %SiOrMn and of halilo -pbosphors wore reported by Ya.Ya. Kira.
Z.L. Morgenshtern reported viork on lumInescance of non-activated
alkali-halide crystals. The temperature quen~!hing of luminescence
of ulkuii-haliia phc,4r2hors ani the rolationahip between optical and
thermal proportioa of impurity cantra-? were reported in a paper by
K.K. Shvarts. 1.K. Plyavinl ahcywed that tile short-duration emission
Card 2/6 of alkali-halide nhoophors is of metastable nature. A number of papers

VII Conference on Luminescence (Crystal Phosphors) SOV51-fi-1-28/30
dealt with capture ~~entres in alkali-halide phosphors kI.A. Parfianovich,
F.K. Zaitor, L.Ya. Uybo, ?.Ik. Khellentirme, A.Kh. Khalilov,
A.M. Polonskiy and others). Ch.B. Dishchik ana G.G. Liydl-ya
investigations of the intoraction of 6xcitons with various d6facts ot
the crysta.1 lattice. MschaNlamj of eleetron and hole processes producing
recombination 1=4.narnan,!F, in all;6Q.1-halid-a phosphors were discussed
in papere, by M.L. Kate., I.A. Parfianovich, L.M. Shamovskly, Ch.B. Lushohik,
Hh.F. Kyaembrs and I.V. Yask. A grDup of papers dealt w1th kinetics of
recombination luminescence and interpretation of relaxation relationships
in terms of the band thgory -of ph"ph,~rs (rl.A. Tolstoy, A.A. Ryakin,
M.V. Fok, F.I. Vergun% K.4. Reban%4~ Yu.M. Popov). Flash emission by
US phosphony, vai reported by N.A. Tolatoy and his zo-Workers. The
effect or infrared radiation on recombination luminescence was discussed
in papers 'by 'P.F ',Poland) and K.S.K. Rebane. V.L. Levshin
and B.M. Orlov stutJo(l. -;~;&jrmo-optical maximum of electron liberation
from capture levelm. In papers and discussions at the Conference it
vas stressed that sinadies of ra-~ombination luminescence kinetics should
in~,,lude not only ele,:tron and electron-hole processes, but also exciton,
sensitizing, ionic, dislocatien and electron-,7ibrational processes. Only
a sr-all number of papers dealt -nith luminescent and electrieal prop-.rtlav
Card -3/(3 of pho-sphora (.O.V. Agaahkin, I.K. Vli-.ol, Ya.4. Okc=n --, ',, - , i -1i - -,;,

VII Conference on Lumineacenc6 (Crystal Phosphors) UOV/51-6-1-28/,30
F.Ye. Ramazano-t-). Professor Vad, (Vagy) of Hungary, V.V. Antonov-
Romanovskiy, M.V. Fok and others discussed the mechanism and kinetics
of electroluminescence. V.Yo. Oranovskiy and B.T. Fedyushin reported
their investigations of anisotropy of electrolum 'inesconce in synthetic
US crystals. V.Ya. Oranovskiy and I A. Trapotnikova read a paper on
sulphides activated vith rare earths in ohich they established the
identity of emission contras responsible for photoluinineseence and
pplications of olectroluminesconce wert;
electroluminesconce. Practical ap
dealt with In the papers of N.N. Orlev ard I.Ya. Lyamichov. Papers on
cathodolumineseence of crystals in-~ludad one by M.D. Galanin and
A.V. Rayevskiy on temperature quenching of 1:uminescence of US-Ag
excited with ot-particles . The papers on the chemistry of crystal
phosphors dealt with a great variety ef subjecta. Many of them
described preparation of now photo-phoirhorc (Yu.M. Loonov and
F.M. Pokerman), cathodo-phosphor, 4-11va" --T
"ii,A. GuAAchova, B.M. Ougell , L.Ya. hLiArIcovsny ana V.r. Ndrdrul7a) and
alectro-phosphors (T.K. Vozneseaskaya, O.M. Kazankin and Z.I. Klabukova)
Luminescence of oxides (M.A. Kona tantinova -Shlatinger) , observations on
behaviour of ouropium in silicates and phosphates (Yu.S. Blank and
Card 4/6 V.P. Nazarova), relationship between tempDrettare quenching and stability

VII Conference on Luminwicence (Crystal Phosphors) 8011/51 -(i -1 -28/30
of crystal lattlam of tungstates (Yu.M. Loonov) and ageing in
cathodolriminesnerive (BA1. Gugell) were also reported. Interaction of
Oblue" ana "samarirtml centres in sulphide phosphors activated with rarer-
earth ions 'was reported in a paper by Z.A. Trapeznilcova. Excess zinc
and silver as activatora of sulohide; ware discussed by A.A. Bundel,
ano a.A. Chorapney. The offe-t of oxygen in formation of luminescence
contras was dealt with by A.A. Biand el 9 , A.Y. Gurevi eh and Yu.M. Loonov.
Existence of a new crystal phate in the murtzite-sphalarite system was
dia,covered by S.A. Fridman who al-4o reported woric on rare-earth activators.
PreFuration of Fulphide monocryatala was described by Ye.l. Fanasyuk.
Phase analysis of willemito was reported by V.V. Odko. Many papers
dealt with phoophors prepared by sublimation and with luminescent,.
scroens. Sztermicn of the range of aztivatora and bases used to
prepare screens by sublimation, was also reported. Practical applications
of such screana were dealt with by E.Ya. Arapova, Ye.I. Blazhnova,
card 5/6 N.A. Vlasonlcv and V,V. Golubata. There were only a few papers on the

VTII Conference 6n Lumin"cence, (Crystal Phosphors) S CI/ 51 -3 -1 - 2 e/30
industrial processes of preparation of phosphors and on purification
methods. Application-of luminescence to the study of phase equilibria
(Y.V. Osilco)and to the study of reactions in the silicate phase
(A.K. Trofimov and TaX. Leonov) vere also reported. The authors of
the report point out that the Conference showed lack of coordination
of studies of phosphors and seralia*nductors and some examples of lag
of theory behind experiments and vice versa.
Card b/6

-24
67133
SOV/23-59-4-6/10
ATJTHOR: Lushchik, Ch.B., Candidate of Physico-Mathematical
TITLE: The Mechanism of the Lum~nesce ce of Alk~ji-Halide ++
Crystals Activated by Ga', Ge' , Inr , Sn , Tl , Pb
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii nauk Estonskoy SSR, Seriya tekh-
nicheskikh i fiziko-matematicheskikh nauk, 1959,
Vol 8, Nr 4, pp 287 - 295 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The author discusses the nature of the centers of
luminescence and the mechanism of the processes of
transferring energy from the basic substance to the
centers of luminescence in activated alkali-halide
crystals. The present report was submitted to the
III Vsesoyuznoye soveshchaniye po teorii polupro-
vodnikov (Third All-Union Conference on the Theor4
- of Semiconduc ors in L'vov o-n-7-1-pril lq~)q, and to
the Mezh unarodnaya konfereritsiya po fizike i khi-
mii kristallofosforov (International Conference on
Card 1/4 the Physics and Chemistiy of Crystal Phos For-us) in

67133
SOV/23-59-4-6/10
The Mechanip of+Pe ine~qence,of A13~ali-Halide Crystals Acti-
LF
vated by Ga , Ge in , Sn--, Tl-, Pb
Greif swald (GDR)* on 28 April 1959. The author re-
fers to the,-classical investigation of alkali-halide
crystals activated by thallium, Z-Ref 1-7 at the
Pohl School in Gbttingen. The results obtained
were generalized in the well known work of F. Seitz
Z__Ref 2_7. Later on, the ideas of F. Seitz on the
mechanism of luminescence of activated alkali-
halide phosphorus were subjected to an experimental
check and theoretical processing in many written
works Z~~Rlef 3 - 9-7. Principally, alkali-halide
crystals activated by thallium. were examined. Cry-
stals with an admixture of lead Z-Ref 2 and 10_7
and tin Z_Ref 10 - 13 7 were studied less fully. j
During 1955 to 1957 N_. Ye. Lushchik synthesized
a number of alkali-halide monocrystals activated
by indium, gallium and germanium /-Ref 14, 15-7.
This made it possible to examine "binary homologous
Card 2/4 series" of crystal phosphorus on the basis of KC1,/,

67133
SOV/23-59-4-6/10
The Mechani~m of+Pe L~minepqence of Aj~ali-Halide Crystals Acti-
vated by Ga Ge , in , Sn T"", T1+, Pb
KBr, KI, NaCl, a$tiva~Td by,6 io~~-anajogouT+of the
mercury atom: Ga , Ge , In', Sn I Tl I Pb .
The author and his collaborators (F.N. Zaitov,
V.Ya. Kark, Kh.F. Kyaembre, G.G. Liyd'ya, N.Ye.
Lushchik, E.S. Tiysler, K.K. Shvarts and I.V. Yaek)
carried out a comprehensive study of the alkali-
halide crystals activated by all these "mercury-
like" ions L/-Ref 14 - 27__T On the basis of these
results and the literary data, it is possible to
examine the problem of mechanism of luminescence
of phosphorus of this class in more detail than
20 years ago. As a result of his studies of alkali-
halide crystals activated by mercury-like ions, the
author comes to the conclusion that they are typical
crystal phosphorus. The processes causing their
luminescence cannot be reduced to electronic-
oscillatory processes within the centers of I ~Umi
Card 3/4 nescence. The crystal lattice of the basic sub- tell""

67133
SOV/23-59-4-6/10
The Mechani~m of+Pe Ineppence,of Altali-Halide Crystals Acti-
vated by Ga , Ge L~M* Sn~'F', Tl~, 'rr
, in , Pb
stance does not only serve as a disturbing medium
and thermostat, but also as a medium that accumu-
lates and transfers the excitation energy. The
mechanism of luminescence of activated alkali-halide
phosphorus is complicated and when examining it, it
is necessary to take into consideration the active
part of the electron, hole type, exciton and sensi-
tizing processes as well as the complicated "chemi-
stry" of the point, linear and surface defects of
the crystal lattice. There are 6 graphs and 52
references, 40 of which are Soviet, 8 English and
4 German.
ASSOCIATION: Institut fiziki i astronomii Akademii nauk Estonskoy
SSR (Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Academy
of Sciences of the Entonskaya SSR) lk
Card 4/4

LUSHCHIK, Ch. B., YAEK, I. V., LUDIYA, G. G., LUSHCHIK, N. Ye., and SHVARTS, K. K.
Physical Processes in Alkali Halide Phosphors
Activated by Mercury-Like Ions
Ch. B. Lushchik, I. W. Jack, 0. 0. Lu'dja, N. E. Lushchik, and K. K. Schwarz
Physics and Astronomy Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Estonian S.S.R.,
Tartu, U.S.S.R.
A number of alkali halide phosphors activated by monovalent and divalent ions
having the electronic configuration of neutral mercury were prepared. Diffusion
and precipitation of activator ions were investigated as were absorption, emission,
and radiationless processes within the impurity center. Energy transfer by means
of excitons and electron-hole pairs between the luminescent center, the host
crystal and color centers were also studied.
Report presented at the 117th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Chicago,
1-5 May 1960.

LUSHCHIK, Ch. B., LMYA, G. G., and YAEK, I. V.
"The Mechanism of Formation of Color Centers in Ionic Crystals by Ultraviolet
Irsadiation."
report presented at the International Conference on Semiconductor Physics, Prague,'
Czechoslovakia, 28 Aug 1960.
authors all of the
Univere ity of Tartu

21019
S/058/61/000/005/027/050
A001-PlOl
AUTHORSi Lushchik, Ch.,B, Tlysler, E.S.
TITIZ-. A spectrophotometric investigation of delocalization. of excit-a-
tions in ionic crystals
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal: Fizika, no 5, 1961, 182, abstract 5V387 ("Tr.-
In-ta fiz. i astron. AN Est,9SR!', 1960, no 12, 125 - 148, Engl.
summary)
TEM The authors investigated changes in absorption spectra of alkali
halide crystals activated by,mercury-like ions,,qaused by. 'the action of ultra-
violet radiation which was.absorbed by lumineseence.centera. They consider pos-
sible processes of delocalization of excitations in ionic crystals, -There are
42 references..
[Abstracter's notei Complete translation.]
Card 1/1

23335 S/058/161/000/006/021/C63
rd 0 ~ //3 7/ //,3 3 ?S-) A.001.IA101
AUTHORS: Dishchik, Ch.B., Uybo, L.Ya,
TIT TIS ExcVon, electron and hole nr,~cessss in ammonll.,T~_halide crvz-,alline
phosphors
PER70D"rCAL- Referativnyy zhurnal, Fizika, nc, 6, 1961, 177, -abstract &V320 ("Tr~
In-ta fiz, I aetron, AN EstSSR!', 1960, no. 12, 275 - 277)
TEXT~ The following conclusions were drawn frcm investigations of elec-
tron, hole, exci-.on and other procer.~Cs In alkali-halide (1) and ammonium-halide (71)
.j
crystals, carried out in Tartu during a number of years: 1) optical characteris-
t, !^-s of excitons in I and !I are similar, excilon processes in them proceed in a
lIke mannerl 2) optical characterietics of electron color centers in 1 and 11 dif-
fer sharply, whereas optical and thermal characteristics of hole color centers in
and I! are similar; 3) hole processes taking place in low-temperature (100-30-00
es ob,~ained the
+hermolumInescence differ slightly, Comparing the regulariti
al~.1-!-urs conclude that physi:!al phsncmena affecting the anicn subla,~tice -)f Cry=_'-al_s
are very similar in I a-rid 11; b-a* proceeses o2curring, accordIng to modern notlon4
in the cation sublattIce of the ment,ioned crystals are essentially different.
[Abstracter's nctez Complete translation] N. Maksimova
Card 1/1

68332
,Z t14, '3 SD 1D Ij
AUTTIORS s Kark, V. Ya., Lushchik, Ch.B. and Yaek, I,V. JO //51 -6-1 -5,9/40
TIMS: On Sensitized ?hosphorescenco of Halide Phosphor Crystals
FZ Ri OD I GA-L Optika I spektrosicoplya, 1960, Vol 8, 'Fr 1, pp 144-146 (Ussa)
-vjTRACT.- The paper deals with sensitized phosphoroscen,!e of activatod alkali
halide crystalr.. The Liechanism of this phosphorescence diffors
radically from rjensitized phoulphorescanco of organic molacul,)a ".1of 11)
and from sonsitized luminesconco of ZnS phosphors due to mit-ration of
holes. The authors in,7est1--LLte3 the excitation spectra of phosLhoreGc&acs
(the technique was described earlier, Rof 13) of KBr-.Tl,In. It was
found that recombInation luminesconce of Tl+ ions is excited or,
absorption in the thallium ittsorption bands and i~hos ph ores conce of
indium on absorption in the indiun absorption bands. The phosrhor
seem to %tremember" the nut-.;ro of excitation. 3emitized phosPhoresconce
did not occur in KBrsTl,ln. Following a zug~estion b- or.5 of us,
Shvarts and Zirnits Inveitigated sonGitized fluoresconze of several
poly-activated phosphoru (Ref 14). In RZreement with the data reported
by American viorkenj (Rof 15), a transfer of onergy bet-we-5n Fb+' and
I'M44. was observed In !TaG'-sFb,Mn and KGlsPb,Lfr. phosphors. Shrarts a.14,
Zirnits found alio ti-risfer of energy froi,
Tl+ and In+ Jens to LL-0" ions
Cam 1/1, in NaolM,Mn and NaUiln,11-n phosphors . '.~alyshc,-7 found similar

68332
SOV/51-6-1-39/40
on SerBlti7ed Phosphorescence of Halide Phosphor Crystal&
behaviour In CdBr2sPbMn and rdl2sPbMn syrtemz (Ref 16). The
present authors attempted to find aensitized Ehosphorescence In
systems In-which sensitized fluorescence was observed earlier,
e.g. GdBr2sPb,Mn which exhibits strong recombination luminescence
(Ref 3), A figure on p 145 shows the excitation spectra of
phosphorescence of Pb+~ (curve 1) and Mn+~' ions (curve 2) of the
latter phosphor. The spectra are identical and they correcyond to
the activator absorption by lead (transitions ISO -+ IF, and IS. -0 3F1
transitions in Pb'l*+ ions). At 2930K phosphorescence of Mn++ ions
ras observed many seconds after excitation In the absorption bands
of Fb++ ion2 (IS.-* 6P1 transition), this is, of course, sensitized
phosphorescence of G-JBr2-.Pb,Yn. The figure also includes the
luminescence spectrum of CdBr2sPb,Mn (curve 3) excited in the absorption
band at 3.9 eV, the latter corresponding to the electron tr-ansition
Is 0--:P, 41 in Pb++ ions. Two bands appear in luminescence, one of which
was observed also Jr. CdBr2.Pb and corresponds to this transition
'p, --~ 1% in Pb++ ions. The second band In curve 3 (at lon6er
.-rd wavelengths) appears after introduction of manganese into CdBr2sPb Vr

68332
on Sensitized Phosphorescence of Halide Phosphor Crystali 3011/51-6 -1-759/40
and corresponds to tranzitions A-G-AB 'in hftit+ ions. The fi,-,vrY an
p 145 includes also a qualitative pho3phorescance spectr-tun of
OdBr2sPb,Un (curve 4), obtairtod. after excitation in the 3.9 eV bani.
The similarity of the sioctra at the moment of excitation and of
subsequent phos phores cone o indicates resonance snargy traymier to
Mn++ ions after excitation of Fb+-~ Ions and as a result of
Intermediate recombination proceHses. There are I fiEure and
17 references, 15 of which are Soviet and 21 Zn&lish-
SUBMITTED: June 10, 1959
(;q.qd 3/3

S/051/60/008/02/036/036
AUTHOR: Lushchik. Ch.H. F,201/E391
TITLE:
PERIODICAL: Optika i spektroskopiya, 1960, Vol 8, Nr 2,
pp 283 - 284 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: A conference on physics of alkali-halide crystals was
held in Tartu on June 30 - July 4, 1959. The conference
was convened by the Nauchnyy sovet po lyuminestsenteii
(Scientific Council on Luminescence), by the AN Estonsko
SSR (Ac.Sc., Estonian SSR) and by the Tartuskiy
gosudarstvennyy universitet (Tartu State University).
Over 100 delegates from thirteen cities of the Soviet
Union heard 36 papers presented at eight sessions. In
the opening and closing addresses, M.D. Galanin (Mdscow) a)id
F.D. Klement (Tartu) discussed the main physical properties
of alkali-halides. A large number of papers dealt with
luminescence.lil~
I.A. Parfianovich (Irkutsk) reported on optical flash in
crystals with non-uniform distributions of colour centr~-'-.s,
M.L. Kats (Saratov) discussed changes in the absorption
spectra of crystals produced by ionizing radiations.
Cardl/6 Ch.B. Lushchik, I.V. Yaek, G*G. Liyd'y and E.S. Tiysler

S/051/60/008/02/036/036
Conference on Physics of Alkali-halHoel~P~2ials
(Tartu)N4ealt with the mechanisms of electron, hole,
excitohNand sensitization processes in luminescence of
activated alkali halides.
Luminescence of NaCl-Ni was discussed by Ye.I. Shuraleva
(Irkutsk).
I.V. Yaek (Tartu) reported data on the excitation spectra
of recombination luminescence and the "sp*ectra of colour-
centre formatlon".
Interaction of excitons with lattice defects was dealt
'with by G.G. Liyd'ya (Tartu).
Z.L. Morgenshtern (Moscow) reported her results on
luminescence of non-activated CsI crystals.
Another group of papers dealt with theoretical and
experimental aspects of luminescence centres in alkali
halides*
M.I. Petrashen' (Leningrad) reported quantum-mechanical
calculations of the optical properties of impurity centresA,
in crystals.
Card2/6 N.N. Kristofell (Tartu) and I.V. Abarenkov (Leningrad)

S/051/6o/oo8/o2/036/036
E2 J/Jj9l
Conference on Physics of Alkali-halide Cry2 a
reported quantum-mechanical calculation of the adiabatic
potentials and spectral characteristics of certain special
types of impurity centres, such as luminescence centres
in KCl-T1 and F-centres. 1~ Spectroscopy of luminescence in
crystals activated with various impurity ions was discuss(-d
in a paper by N. Ye. Lushchik and Ch.B. Lushchik (Tartu).
K.K. Shv arts (Riga) discussed thermal, optical and
migration quenching of luminescence in crystals with
mercury-light activators.
I.K. Plyavin' (Riga) reported results on the temperature
dependence of the duration of photo-scintillations, this
dependence being related to metastable energy levels in
luminescence centres.
Ya. Ya. Kirs and A.I. Laysaar (Tartu) discussed the effect
of hydrostatic pr:essure on the spectral characteristics
of centres. A very promising method of investigation of
the anisotrop;;40,f centres, using uni-directional compressior,
of crystals, was reported by A.A. Kaplanskiy (Leningrad)
T.A. Abdusadykov (Alma-Ata) and --- 97. Mdlyshe:~7a- (Tartu)
Card3/6 discussed spectral properties of alkali-halide and

S/051/6o/oo8/02/036/036
E2 j4y~ql
Conference on Physics of Alkali-halide Cry-2
alkaline-carth-halide phosphors with large amounts of
activators and other lattice defects. In several papers
the nature of the colour centres in alkali-halide crystals
was discussed.
A.A. Shatalov (Kiyev) reported his results on the photo-
chemical and ihermal transformations of colour centres
in heated crystals.
Anisotropy of colour centres was dealt with by O.A. Shmit,
(Riga).
A.Kh. Khalilov and his co-workers (Baku) reported their
results of -an investigation of capture centres in alkali-
halide crystals containing various impurity ions.
I.K. Vitol, Ch.B. Lushchik, I.V. Yaek and M.A. Elango
(Tartu an Riga) dealt with non-isothermal relaxation
processes in alkali-halide crytals.
Thermal ionization of F-centres was discussed in detail
by L.M. Shamovski (Moscow).
A special session of the conference was devoted to
dislocations and their effects. V/
Card4/6 T

S/051/60/oo8/02/036/036
E2 J/TJ91
Conferea,::e on Physics of Alkali-halide CryR a
M.V. Klassen-Neklyudova and her co-workers (Moscow)
discussed mechanical properties of pure alkali-halide
crystals and their relationship with the presence and
motion of dislocations.
The effect of impurities on "etch-figures" in KI crystals
was dealt with in a paper by L.M..Shamovskiy and
A.S. Shlbanov (Moscow).
R.I. Gindina-(Tartu) reported "decoration" of dislocations
with non-isomorphic impurities and the relationship of
"decoration" with luminescence.
A.A. Shatalov (Kiyev) discussed visu&tization of crystal-
lattice defects by additive coloration.
Physico-chemical properties of alkali halides were dealt
with in papers of the Tomsk school of physicists.
A.A. Voroblye and his co-workers (Tomsk) established
a relationship between composition of solid solutions,
such as NaCl-KC1, KC1-KBr, etc. and their physico-
chemical properties.
Ye.K. Zavadovskay , M.S. Ivankina, I.Ya. Melik-Gaykazyan
Card5/6 and M.N.Treskina (TomsIcT-discussed the effect of decomFo-sition

S/051/60/008/02/036/036
Conference on Physics of Alkali-halide CrEy2fi/ffl9l
of solid solutions of alkali halides on their physico-
chemical properties.
Some new results on the structure of alkali-halide
phosphors, obtained by X-ray diffraction methods, were
reported by A.Ya. Pao and A.A. Khaav (Tartu).
Spectrophotometric investigation of diffusion of
impurities in crystals was discussed by O.G. Mankin and
N. Ye. Lushchik (Tartu).
In a long paper L.M. Belyayev and his co-workers (Moscow)
dealt with preparation of activated LiF crystals and their
luminescence. Interesting papers were presented on
electrical properties of alkali halides.
A.N. Arsenlyeva-Geyll (Leningrad) discussed external
photo-effectVin alkali-hallde crystals with F-centres.
~.K. Vitol (Riga) reported results of investigations of
the photoelectric properties of alkali halides with
defe6t-gradient layers using a "dynamic capacitor" method.
In an extensive paper, A.A. Voroblyev and his co-workers%
(Tomsk) discussed their results on electrical-breakdown
of alkali halides. Second conference to be held on phys' S Of,
Card6/6 alkali-halide crystals in summer of 1961 in Riga. 7

80554
8/0 51/60/008/0 6/015/02 4
S201/3691
AUTHORS s Lushchik, N.Yo. and Lushc *B.
- Ng~
TITLZ: Spectroscopy of the Luminescence Contras in Alkali-Halide Crystals
Activated with Homologous Series of Ions
PERIODICALs Optika I spektroskopiya, 1960, Vol 8,'Nr 6, pp 839-846 (USSR)
ABSTRAGT% This paper man first presented at the Conference on Physics of
Alkali-Halide Crystals hold In Tartu in June 1959. In alkali-halide
crystals activated with mercury-like (G&+, Go++, Int, Sn++, Tl+, Pb4+)
and other ions ono,ia dealing with "direct activation* when the
luminescence contras retain -any characteristics of free ions. This
was found to be true for N&01, KG1, KBr and KI activated with the
mercury-like ions listed above (series I, cf. Fig 1), an wall as
for two other homologous seriess Cut, Ae, AO (series 11, cf. Fig 3),
and Cut. Sr+, B&+, In+, GO (series III, cf. Fig 4). quantitative
analysis of the results (Fig 2) showed that the "compression" coefficient
e (the ratio of the energy of transition in a free ion, If, to the
energy of the corresponding absorption band maximuin, Be, of the same
Card 1/2 ion acting as a luminescence contra in a crystal) rises linearly an

80554
S/061/60/008/06/015/02A
R201/Z691
Spectroscopy of the Luniusecanco Contras in AlkLli-Halide Crystals Activated with
Hozologous Series of Ions
increase of Efs
e - IWIL = -1 + Oaf
latimtes obtained using Nq (1) showed that "direct activation* of
alkali-halidis crystals with other homologous -series of ions is -also
possible, at least In principle. A pronising line of investigation
in wdirect activation" of alkali halides with go+, Ti+*, V+, Zr++,
Wt and Hff+, which 4 If f or fran mercury-like ions by the &be once
of a filled d-sholl. There are 4 figures and 30 references, 19 of
which are Soviet, 9 English and 2 German.
SUEMITTEDs aeptenber 28, 1959
Card 2/2

AC 1-h - f-I
81917
5/0-'1/60/009/01/012/031
B201/3691
AUTHORSs Lushchik, Gh.B., Liyd'ya, GoGov ~aek. IoVp and Tipler, B.S.
-------------------------
tints The Mechanism of the Recombination Luminescence of Activated Alkali-
Halide Grystals
FERIODICALs Optilca I spoictrookopiya, 1960, Vol 9, Nr 1, pp 70-76 (USSR)
ABSTRAOT: This paper was presented in an expanded version at the Conference
on Physics of Alkali-Haltdo Crystals (Tartu, June 1959). The author*
report and discuss the results of an Investigation of the recembiratioa
luminescence (due to recombination of eleetmms and holes) and
photochemical transitions (optical bleachi~S) in 101, Or and KI
crystals activated with GO, GO+, In+, Sn?'P, T1+ and PbJ'+. Tha
crystals were excited with X-rays and lig)it in the regions of amUtor,
and aotivator absorption bands and of the '1bw%d-b&na*' transitions.
The role of electron, hole, exciton and awxitization proceage* it
discussed. The discussion in illustrated by excitation, lumin"conce,
thermoluminescence, optical flash stimulation, optical and thermal
bleaching spectra (Figg'1-5). There are 5 figure* ard 32 referonc,,A,
30 of which are Soviet and 2 Inglish.
SUBMITTSDi September 28, 1959

840573
S/051/60/009/002/011/013/XX
21j 2.0 S E2oi/E491
AUTHORS: Lushchik, Ch.B., Lushchik, N.Ye. and Shearts, K.K.
TITLE: Electronic-Vibrational Processes in Luminescence
Centres of Ionic Crystals
PERIODICAL: Optika i spektroskopiya, 1960, Vol.9, No.2, pp.215,-222
TEXT: The paper was first presented at the Eighth Conference on
Luminescence held in October 1959 in Minsk.
The authors report a detailed study of electronic-vibrational
processes in luminescence centres of alkali-halide crystals
activated with Hg-like ions. The luminescence and absorption
spectra were recorded and the luminescence quantum yield was found
as a function of the exciting-light frequency Ve and temperature.
Thin was done for KCI.-In, KBr-In, KC1-Ga, KBr-Ga, KCI-TI, KBr-Tl,
NaCI-TI, KC1-Pb, KC1-Sn, KBr-Sn and other crystals. Some of the
results are given in Figs.1 to 4. Fig.1 shows the luminescence
spectra of NaCl-Tl at 5500K excited with 254 mii (curve 1),
280 mjL (curve 2) and 289 mp (curve 3). Fig.2 gives the absorption
and luminescence spectra of NaCl-Tl (1), KCl-Tl (2), NaCl-Pb (3),
KC1-Pb (4) and KBr-Pb (5). Fig.3 shows the energy diagrams of
KC1 and KBr crystals activated with Tl+, Pb++, In+ and Sn".
Fig.4 gives the quantum yields of luminescence of NaCl-Tl at
Card 1/2

84678
S/051/60/009/002/011/013/XX
E201/E49i
Electronic-Vibrational Processes in Luminescence Centres of
Ionic Crystals
R80*K (1a) and KCl-Tl at 6oo*K (1b) as a function of the.exciting-
light frequency; curves 2 and 3 represent, respectively, the
absorption and luminescence spectra of NaCl-Tl (a) and KC1-Tl (b).
It was found that radiative and radiationless transitions occurred
in luminescence centres after equilibrium was reached between the
vibrational energy distribution in a crystal and the same
distribution in excited centres. The quantum yield depended
step-wise on Ve : within ind�vidual electronic-vibrationai
absorption bands the yield was independent of '9ev but it was
different for different absorption bands. There are 4 figures,
1 table and 45 references: 35 Soviet, 9 English and I German.
SUBMITTED: November 30, 1959
Card 2/2

S/051/60/009/000/018/018
9201/E191
LUTHORt Lushchik,,ChB.
TITLE: International Co,
Semiconductors
PERIODICALs Optlka I spektroakopiye.7 1960, Vol.9, No.6. PP 797-798
TEXT: The International Conference on the Physics of
Semiconductors was held on August 29 - September n:~,t 196o, in
Prague. Over 500 scientists from Czechoslovakia, Hungary7 Poland.,
Bulgaria, USSR, East Germany, West Germany, Britain, Fran,.-,e, USA
and Belgium, etc. took art. At the plenary session
A!~ademician A.F. Ioffe MSR, deceased) spoke on "New approaches
to semic~;onductor physics", and the Nobel Laureate-W, Shoc-kley
(USA) dealt with "Problems connected with p--.,i Junctions in
s-ilicon". Over 100 papers were presented at sectional sessions.
The Yeviewer deals only with papers on ionic crystals and
excitons. The Soviet contributions on these twc subjects
Inc:luded: Pekarls paper on the theory of local elect,.ron
.,A,, Shataloy's paper on photo-hemical
centres In c.,'Vystals; -_A
trans formations of colour centres In alkali-halide ,,rystals;
Card. 112"

S/051/60/009/006/0-1,R-/01P
E2-01/E191
International Corlferenc~a on the Physi.-Is of Sem.l-,-!cndj;,~to-,s
a.. :;owunlcation from Ch.B. Lush-chilk, G.G. Llydya ai,,d I'.V. Yaek
cn formation of eolour centres in
ele-tronic, exuLton and lldelocall.zatlon" meohanl.=5 of Y-cent':'e
formation-, and. E,F. Gross's conti-ibutlon on 110ptlx~al arid.
magneto-optlr!al effa-,As n-semicond-actors",
There are no figures, t;aqles or references.
car a 24:'

AUTHORSi F., Luahchik, Ch. S,10 r 3/60/ r, 7 0/ OAA 100, 8/"
0 6
B
0 /BO 1
TITLE" Conference on the Physics of' Alkali Hal-_'d~
PERIODICALi Uspekhi fizicheskikh nauk, 1960, Vol 70, Nr 4, pp 73~-718 (USSR)
TEXT3 This Conference was held at Tar-.-). frnni Juna 1~0.-~o July 4. 191;9; it had been
convened by the Nauchnyy sove,~ po Iyumines-Isentsil pri Ot-delenii fiziko- matewa~
cheskikh nauk AN SSSR (Scientific Council for Liminescenco at the Departmx~.nt of
Physical and Mathematical Sciences of the AS TJSSR)., 7ha Aka4emiya nauk Eaton-3koy
SSR -(AcadeuLy of Sciences. Estonskava SSR), and th~~ Tar?_-,_:SK4.y gosudars+lvennyy
versitet (Tartu otate University). Alkali halide crystals ~,onstitut-e the classical
investigatic,i object of the properties off sol-ide,; basic, research in this fiell has
been made by-Al-P. loff ~ V. D. Xuznetsov, and F. S. Tartakn-skiy along with rh~-Ir
students. The delegates at this Conferenc-&.; totalling ._~~rpr ~00 per-rc-n-. repreger'-.-I
the follcwing institutes~ Moscows, Fizicheskiy ins-Itur (Physico instl-ru"-~, *rns-_
tut kristallografii AN SSSR (Institute of Crystallography of the AS USSR), Vs;,S~~Yl.-.Z--
nvyinstitut minerallnogo syriya (All-Union. Tnsri~lute for Mineral Raw Materiale)
and others; Leningrad: Universitet (Universlty), Elektrotekhnicheskiy inst i",_%,
(T nstitute of Electrical Engineering), and r~therB! Tomsk- Pell-.tekbnicheekiy ins-.
t,lt (Polytechnic Institute) Universinet (Un~vers-_"ty.)-, Kharlkr~-~- Fil-.-a", 1REA
(IREA Branch) and others; Kiyei,! Uniiersi'.~,- 0Tn1vr-rsi_~Y.',. Po1,.-1,hnicheskiy ins-..-
Card 1/5

Conference on the Physit:s of Alkali 11alidp .9/053/6n0/07G/()4/008/C,.
Crystals B006/BO-.'.
tul- (Polytechnic Institute), thp ITwive?rsitirms of Sararo-,~, TrVu-~sk, and Riga, Th,
ln.5tizut fiziki AN Lat-i.SSR (Physiss Inatitute of the A9 Latvian 3SR) In F-`ga;
B~iku. Institut fiziki. AN AzSSR (Physics Tns-,ir,;--o rf -ft~ AS A-SSR); Mirsk. Tn~*~-
tut fiziki AN BSSR (Physics lnsti~ute of the AS BSSR); Uni~ars~-t~, (Thi -.7 er -
giry); Alma-Ata,- Pedagogicheskly instltl~' (Pedagogical Tnstitii7=). Tartu, .'ns i -u-.
f.`ziki .1. astronomii AN ESSR ('nstl,~ute c~f the Physics of Astrcnomy cf .he All' FSSR)
and University. Altogether 36 lecturen were delivered. They were W%vote-i to ~kkz~ fol-
nditio ys-nal , 0 -r
lowing main subjectsi 1) Local co c r, -3 Ivminpseence- and colo
.,ps i n
centers, 2) Electron-hole and exitonWocesaps, 5) c r'v-stal structure., ionic and
dialocaticn processes. The lecturers warzi, 11. T. pptr-~Sh~-111 (Leningrad) on th~-
quantum-mechanical calculation of certain optical properti of th--- :.,mDurity :er.*
ir Crystals (the school of S. 1. Pekar is jp~,nnicn,~-d), N. N. Xristofel' ( 'Tar,, -.,.-I c. n
the quantum -mechanical calculation of the adiabat.ic porential- and of th~- absorp~ior--
and emission spectra of the luminescence cenfera In KCII-T!, I. V, kbarenkr,~y.
(Leningrad) on the calculation of the adiabatic potenti.als 3f the F-centers in
paim-lattioe approximation, Il. Ye. Lu5hchik and Ch. B. Ll;ph~hjk sn 'the sp-~r.-
scopy of luminescence centers, K. K. SIVIAPt-~~ -,n iumineseen~p ex-inct,.-ori
prcoesses, I. K. Plyavin' (Riga7-on thp kinetics of shor--ime lum~r--scenca,
Ya. Ya. Kirs and A. I. Laysaar (Tart,,.,..) on -.h- -inf',,.~en-? of -z 1-1niform
Card 2/5

Conferen.-,:7 on he Physics c" Alkal-I FaIJAdP
C rys t a 1
8/053/60/070/04/008/0''
B006/Bolt
'up tlc 6COVO atm) on tho anI on spectra of alkali halidp phos-
usadykc-%- on 'h;~
phor~c T. Abd rpt?ctral characteristics of the
nescence centers with hi6h t--on*en. in rhe crystal, A. F. I'Aalysheva
(T,-,.rllr,) r)n -he spectraldiaracterist~.,~s )f ~Irystal phosphors activated with TIT
Pb4~ (il. A. Rebanr- book par" in ~he dincu3siori): Z. L. Morgenshtern on the part
played by variou-~ dpfpcts .p Jor crystals- (11. P. Feofilcv is mentioned), A. A.
Kaplvanskiv (Leningrad) on a novel method of investigating the anisotropy of th,?.
centers in cubic crystals, 0. A. Shmir (Rig-r).) on the real and "induced" anisotr:)Py,
of the centpro, A. A. Shatalc,2~ (Kiyev.) on photochemical and thermal transformation5
of ''defect centers", L. M. Shamovqkiv Ollcscow) on the energy of thermal ionizati-.n
Of the F-centers in alkali crvsl..-Is and A, Kh. Khal-'Llov. E. Yu. Salaye-v,
T. D. Alivev~., A, P. Nlamedo- an.-I P. ,,. rsay!~,~ (Baku) on comprehensive investi-
gat,ions of the spectral charactnr3sti-s NhC2, KC1, anI KBr. To the second ma!("
subject belonged the lectures by A. N. Arsen'.ywa-Geylt (Leningrad) :-.n
the outer photoelectric effect on alkali nalide crystals, Ch. B. Lushchik, G. G.
Livdlyv, r. V. Yaek, and F S, TIy,,jji parr p'ayed by eleolron-h-i
(Tarlu) o)n the A
+ T r! Sn Tl'-, and Pb"
an-I exiton proce9sea in th~, lumincl--ren,~e of Ga G;-
ions, T. V. Yaek (Tartu) concerning photorhefmal processes leading to the re-
cornbinal..,tjLi Luminescence and electron color centors; V. V. Antonov-Romanzvskiv
Card 3/~ lv~

Confercnce on the Physics of Alkali 11alido S/0;13/60/070/04/008/0..
Crysr.als B006/Bolw!
hils method of ionizing Eu~' in Sr-L~:, phosphrr-=1 by rjelan3 -.f' paramagnet'Lt- r,~3-onan,:~-,
G. G. Livdlye (Tartu) on dislocation and annlhi'atJon of exitcns in the J*n1erac7-cr
I IL 1 .1 ~ I I
with crystai defects, M. L. Kar-a ("Saraccv) -,n the change in absorption spectra
brought about by the ion of ionizing radia~*~-Dn, Ye. I. Shuraleva (Irkutsk) on
the 1~x-ninescence of a-,om---'c centera in 1. A. Parfianovich
-sk) the mechan-sm cf' opticai scint-,Ala~4 F. A. Khe 1, 1 e nurme 1 r.
ut ~ - V. -L - .,:)n (' Took part.
k
-the discussion), 1. K. Vi~ol, Ch. F. Lushchl:!,, i. V. Yaek, and 11.1. A. Mango (R4&9.,
Tar-,ii) on comprehensli'1'2 -;-; r,e!Pxr-t,L,,n processes with electric ana
magnetic methods (P. iL. Yiirachkovjkiy -look part; -r the discussion), and T. V.
Vltcl (Riga) spoke on the photoelectric prop~:,r'-Jes of "rlr~f ec-, -gradien-- "layers -..,i
alkali. halide crystals. Tho following lectured nn. he third siibjec~.~. M. V.
Ni-k]yudlova, G. V. Bprezhkova, V. G. Govcrk--,-~ G. F. Dobrzhanski ; V. L. ldpnbom~
7.77 Regelf, G. Ye. Tomi'lovokiv, A. A. Urlisoynkay,'), and M. A,, Cherrxyshev
cn the mcchanical properties of alkali halide crystals, L. MI. Shamovskiy and A. -5.
Shibanov (,'Joscovi) on dislocation and polyhedral substruc~uve ot ~ry3-La.La in thr,
presence of silrface-active impuritle~~ (IrJ), ~- A. Shatalr--v (Kiyev) on the develip-
ment of lattice defpcts, R. Ya. Gindina ' (Tartu) on tne marking of defects in NaCL
and VX! by no-nisomorphic impuriti,91 A. Ya. and A. A. Khaav (Tar+-u) on
.-." A-Tay .9 true tural analyses, 0. C. Mank-~n and H. Ye. Lushchik (Tartu) on ab3orp i~in
Card 4/5 1Z

Conference on the Physics of Alkali Halide
Crystals
S/053/60/070/04/008/0i:
BOo6/BOII
+ + 4- +
investigations of the diffusion of Ga , In , Sn Cu , and Ag ions, L. M. Be
jy2yqv, G. F. Dobrzhanskiy, V.-V. Chadayeva, V. P. Panova, Z. B. Pereialinal and
V,, N. Varlolomeya-v k ... uscow)-Fn -the- activation of Lith fluoride, A. A. Vorobl-
lev, P. A. Savintsev, V. Ye. Averichev, A. A. Botak~j V. Ya. Zelenko, and 14. N.
Ignat 1.)reva_, (Tom-s--k7on the relationship of ele trical, optical, mechanical, and
other properties with the composition of crystals, Ye. K. Zavadovskaya, M. S.
(Tomsk). infli7ence o
Ivankina, I. Ya. MelikrGaykazyan, and M. N. Treskina on the '
7"h-edecomposition of solid solutions upon their properties, and A. A. Vornbovev
G. A. Voroblyev, K. K. Sonchik, V. D. Kuchin; A. V. Astafurov~, aina M. A. Me.L-
.ai~koy_(Tomsk) 'held the final speech, which was followed by a discussion.
Card 5/5

.2q, D207YI)301
AUTHOR: Lushchik, Ch. B.
TITLE: Principles of spectral transformation of light by ionic
crystals
SOURCE: Akademiya, nauk EstonskoySSR. Institut fiziki i astronomii.
Trudy. No. 14, 1961. IsBledovaniya po lyuminesteent8ii
3 - 30
TEXT: The author discusses the mechanism of luminescence using the
experimental data obtained in Tartu and Riga on alkali-halide phos-
phors activated with mercury-like ions: Ga+ , Ge ++ , In+9 Sn++, Tl+
Pb Luminescence centers in these phosphors were assumed to be
the activator ions at cation siteB. The author considers the foll-
owing cases of transformation of light by alkali-halide phosphors:
~1~ Participation of two electron states of a luminescence cen 'ter;
2 participation of three or more electron states of the cent-er;
3 sensitized migration of energy between centers; (4) participa-
Card 1/3
S/61 61/000/014/001/019

S/613/61/000/014/001/019
Prinoiples of spectral D207/D301
tion of elementary excitations of the crystal matrix; (5) optical
stimulation of excited crystals. It is concluded that the quantum
yield of luminescence for a single emission band depends step-wise
on the frequency of exiting light-dexc* In the absence of nonlinear
effects within a single absorption band the quantum yield is inde- V1
pendent ofj,,,; The yield is, in general, different for different
absorption b . The lack of dependence of the quantum yield on
the excitation frequency within a single absorption band is a con-
sequence of the quantum equivalence law of Einstein (1905) which
says that each absorbed quantum produces one emission quantum. The
principal reason for the constancy of the quantum yield within a
single absorption band is the thermostat-like action of the lattice
surrounding "absorption centers". Acknowledgments are made to the
author'a co-workers P.N. Zaitov, Kh. P. Kyaembre, G. G. Liyd'ya, N.
Ye. Lushchik, E. S. Tiysler, K.K. Shvarts and particularly to I.V.
Yaek, whose experimental work formed the basis of this article.
There are 10 figures and 87 references: 65 Soviet-bloc and 22 non-
Soviet bloc. The 4 most recent references to the English-language
Card 2/3

S/61 61/000/014/001/019
Principles of spectral ... D207YD301
ubli-cationB read as follows: M. lax, J. Chem. PhyB., 20, 1752
1952); D. Dexterg C.- Klickand, G. Russell, Phys. Rev.t 100 6J3
955)1 P. Johnson and F. Williams, Phys. Re.v.9 95t 69 (1954); Ch.
R
B. Lushohik, "Color centers in alkali halides", International Sym-
posium, Oregon, U.S.A., 1959p p. 29.
SUBMITTED: August 11, 1960
bard 3/3

S/6' 61/000/014/009/019
D207YD303
AUTHORS: Lush,hik, Ch. B., and Uybo, L. Ya.
TITLE-. Physical. processes in ammonium-halide crystals
SOURCEs Akademiya nauk Estonskoy SSR. Institut fiziki i astrono-
mi-i. Trudy. No. 14, 1961. Issledivaniya po lyuminest-
s en t s i J_ ~,. ! 90- 2 1 i
TEXTt The authors review Pub:ished work on various physical
(mainly optioal) properti-es of ammon-'um-halide crystals (AM) and A~'
c_cmpare them with the known propertiee of alkali.-halide crystals
fAL" notIng similarlties and diife.-ences. The interest in AM cry-
stals -a the next logical.. step after exhaustive studies of the
3iMpieStv ;~ryBtals which are alka-11 halides. NH4F9 NH4C19 NH4Br and
NH41 are mentioned by the au11'-h.-,rF?, but. only the last three are dis-
nuesed in detail. 11i+ bone. 14ke alkall lone, are bound to halogens
4
by ionic bonde. AM rrystals, 1.1ke AL compounds, are cubic in struc-
Clazd 1/3

S/6113/61/000/014/009/019
Physical- P--o-.eeses in ... D207/D303
ture: NH4C.1 and NH4Br are b.c.,,.t. (CsCl tYpe), but NH41 is f.c.c.
(NaC7- type). Cooling AM t:ryE-'W-a'Le produceB transformations from
NaCI to OsCI +,Ype and to less symmeTric structures. AM crystals
sublime easily and in th'-e respec-A they differ from AL compounds.
V-c.ent-ers (-"U, Where v is a cation vacancy and p is a hole) and
TI lent-era are aimila,:~- in AM and AL cryatale, but F-centers (v e,
whers -,- is an. anion racancy and e is an eleatren) differ in AM
and AL ~rystale. This difference is due to F-oenters interacting
with NH+ one in AM crystals and with alkali ions in AL crystals;
4 ~
V-oenters and T1+ centers inlera,'--t with the same halogen ions both
in AM and AL compounds. Optical characteristics (absorption) of ex-
ci-t-ons of AM and AL crystals are similar and exciton processes are
analogous. Hole color centers responsible for low-temperature
thermoluminsscen,.-~e and hole proceaees are SiM4 lar in AM and AL cry-
Stale. All these obser-,-ation--, show that processes or properties
involving the an.jon Publattice are very similar in AM and AL cry-
Card 21 3

S/61 61/000/014/009/019
Physical processes in ... D207YD303
stals because that sublattice consists of.halogens and is, there-
fore, nearly the same in both types of crystals. Processes and pro-
perties which involve the cation sublattice are different in AM
and kL crystals because NH+ and alkali ions differ considerably in
4
properties. The complex luminescence mechanism of ammonium-halid
phosphors is considered in some detail. Acknowledgments are made
to G. G. Liyd'ya, N. Ye. Lushchik and I. V. Yaek for their help in
preparing this paper. There are 9 figures and 59 references: 35 So-
viet-bloc and 24 non-Soviet-bloc. The.4 most recent references to
the English-language publications read as follows: M. Veta, M. Hi-
rai and H. Watanabe, J.. Phys. Soc. Japan,.14, 253 (1959); D. Dex-
ter, Phys. Rev,9,108 707 (1957); R. Knox and N. Inchauspe, Phys.
Rev., 1-116, 109 1956 J. Eby, K. Teegarden and D. Dutton, Phys.
Rev., 116, 1099 195 9
SUBMITTEDs July 25, 1960
Card 3/3

S/61 61/000/014/019/019
D207YI)303
AUTHORS: Zazubovich, S. G., Lushchik, N. Ye., and Lushchik, Ch. B.
TITLE: Polarized luminescence of the KC1:Bi phosphor
SOURCE: Akademiya nauk Bstonskoy SSR. Institut fiziki i astrono-
mii. Trudy. No. 14, 1961. Issledovaniya po lyuminest-
sentsiig 292-293
TEXT: The authors investigated the luminescence of the KCI:Bi
phosphor and found that Bi 3+ emission was polarized. The degree of
polarizationg P = (III - I_LWI I/ + I_L), for the 3.5 - 3.9 eV exci-
tation band was not greatly affected by the exciting frequency and
reached 0.8. Comparison of the angular dependence of polarization
with P. P. Feofilov's theory (Ref. 3: Polyarizovannaya lyuminest-
sentsiya atomovp molekul i krietallov (Polarized Luminescence of
Atoma, Molecules and Crystals), GIFML, Moscow, 1959) showed that
fundamental oscillators where linear electric dipoles aligned
along C4 axes, i.e. along the cation-anion direction. The absorp-
Card 1/2