SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT MANENKOV, A.A. - MANENKOV, P.V.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Document Release Date: March 13, 2001
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• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

M.ANEMKOV, A. A.
MAKENKOV, A. A. - "Paramagnetic rearnance in certain cr;m-v@unds of elementa in the
iron and rare-earth groups". @oscow, 1955. Acad Sci USSR, -h7sics Inst
Imeni P. N. lobedev. ( Dissertatinn for the Degree of Candidate of
Physicommthematical Sciences.)
SO: Knizhnaya Letopi,91 No. 46, 12 [e-mail] 1919. Moscow

[@Cj F i I' -V' E- N r, U'4 F@ I fj .
USSR/Physics Paramagnetic resonance FD-2366
Card 1/1 Pub. 146 - 31/34
Author Manenkov, A. A., and Prokhorov, A. M.
@iws
.Nwimw@
Title Fine structure of the spectrum of paramagnetic resonance of
Cr34' ion in chromium corundum
Periodical Zhur. eksp. i teor. fiz. 28, 762, Jun 1955
Abstract The authors investigated the spectrum of paramagnetic resonance in
the solid solution A1203-Cr203 (chromium corundum) for concen-
tration of chromium of 0.05%, which compound was earlier studied
by S.-Kh. G. Kashayev (Dissertation, Molotov University, 1954) but
without successfully explaining the observed spectrum. They in-
vestigated this compound at two frequencies, 11970 and 8960 mega-
cycles, and at room temperature. They note that paramagnetic
resonance of chromium salts have been best studied in alums (V.
Bleaney, Rep. Frogr. Phys. 16, 108, 1953). The authors observed
two lines at 8960 and four lines at 11970 and in agreement with
theory find that the relative intensities of the lines depend upon
the angle between the axis of symmetry of the crystal and direction
of the radiofrequency field. Two ref.
Institution Physical Institute im. F. N. L-ebedev, Academy of Sciencea USSR
Submitted February 26, 1955

AAMMOV, A. A., and PROKHOROV, A. (Moscaw)
"Fine and Superfine Structure of the Paramagnetic Resonance in Bivelent
Europium," a paper submitted at the International Confeeence on Physics of
Keggdtic Phenomena, Sverdlovsk, 23-31 May 56.

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JSSR / Radio s, Application of Radio-Physics Me' iods.
,kbs Jour : Ref Zhur - Fizika No 3, 1957, ":,,) 713'ti
Abs r@ract - riftt:irai frequency -,' :;he resoDitur, -"-!F) !'ru@"Vm;t' _", W,c- ;-If,,110-
rator, and Irl,"C's j@j the !,esoriant f' .-oqtieric... o' Li-e ,i" -netic I'lield.
Card : 2/2 - @11 -

51-4-10/25
AUTHORS:-Manenkov, A.A., Prokhorov, A.M., Trapezaikova, Z.A.
and Fox, MqVf' t4l,
TITLE: Application of the paramagnetic resonance method t5y-study
of the activator state in phosphors. (Primeneniye metoda
paramagnitnogo rezonansa dlya issledovaniya sostoyaniya
aktivatora v fosforakh.)
PPERIODICALOOPtika i Spektroskopiy-',' (optics and Spectroscopy),
1957, Vol.2, No.4, pp.470-474 (U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT: This paper was presented at the 5th Conference on
Luminescence in Tartu, June, 1956. From the nature (or
absence) of the paramagnetic resonance spectrum of a crystal
it is possible to deduce the valency state (and changes of
that valency staLe) of paramagnetic ions in crystal. This is
more difficult for powders when the paramagnetic absorption
lines may be very broad due to relaxation or anisotropy.
These difficulties are particularly pronounced for the case
of ions whose paramagnetism is due to unpaired d-electrons.
Results are reported for powdered SrS:Eu, SrS:Gd and for
artificial CaF2:Eu monocrystals. Measurements were carried
out at 9340 Mels and at room temperature. The apparatus used
is described in Radiotekhrlika i Elektronika, Vol.1, 469,
1956. Some of the present results were reported earlier
Card 1/3 (A.A.Manenkov and A.M.Prokhorov, Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSH,

.51-4-10/25
Application of the paramagnetic resonance method to study of
the activator state in phbophors. (Coat.)
1 107: 402, 1956). In SrS:Eu and-CaF2:Eu only the Eu2* ion
1
19 1/i-state).is effective; Eu3+ i 41on-magnetic. For-Eu2+
( S7
the.# ectroa,sPia is 7/2 and therefore 7 electron transitions
are possible due to ckystal electric field splitting. In
SrS:Eu only one of these transitions 1/2 war, found;
the.others could not be observed due to anisotropic broadening.
This one transition was split into 12 hyperfine structure
(h.f.s.) components by the interactio4 of the nuclear spins
of the two Eu isotopes: EulA and Eu153 with the electron Spim.
The SrS:Eu paramagnetic spectrum confirms that'the europium
activator is in the Eu2* state. In the'fluorite (CaF2:Eu)
spectrum all 7 electron transitions, each with 12 h.f.s. com-
ponents, were observed. From the h.f.s. of the paramagnetic
spectra of BrS-.Eu and CaF2'Su the ratio of the magnetic moments
of the Eu151 and Eu153 nuclei was found to be A .1 gl/ A153
+2.24 t 0-03 huclear magnetons. Frequency of the a sorption
lines for CaF :Eu monocrystals was found to depend strongly
on the crysM,orientation with respect to the applied constant
Card 2/3 magnetic field. This indicates that the crystal electric-field

@UBJECT: USSR/Luminescence 48-5-53/5A,
AUTHORS: Manenkov A.A., Prokhorov A.M., Trapeznikova Z.A., and Fok N.V.
TITLEj Application of Paramagnetic Resonance Method for Investigation
of the Activator State in Phosphors (Primeneniye metoda para-
magnitnogo rezonansa dlya issledovaniya sostoyaniya aktivatora
v foeforakh)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya, 1957,
Vol 21, #5# p 779 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The paramagnetic resonance method was applied to determine
the valence state of an activator in crystallophosphors and
to detect the changes of valence during the excitation of
phosphors.
The paramagnetic resonance was investigated in the phosphors
SrS-Eu; CaF 2-Eul SrS-Gd and SrS-Tb at the room temperature by
means o a superheterodyne radioapectroscope. It wag estab-
lished that Eu in phosphors is in bivalent state (&V+), and
Gd and Tb are in the trivalent states (Gd3+ and Tb3*').
The ratio of nuclear magnetic momenta of Eu 151 and Eu153
Card 1/2 nuclei was determined to be 2.24 1 0.03 by observing the

48-5-53/56
TITLEs Application of Param W etic Resonance Method for Investigation
of the Activator State in Phosphors (Prizeneniye metoda para-
magnitnogo rezonansa dlya issledovaniya sostoyaniya aktivatora
v foaforakh)
superfine structure of Eu 2+ and gd3+ ape a, The values of
nuclear magnetic momenta of Gdl5D and GdM were estimated to
be approximately equal to 0.2 of nuclear magnetons.
One Russian reference is cited.
INSTITUTION: Physical Institute im.Lebedev of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
PRESENTED BY:
SUBMITTED: No date indicated
AVAILABLEi At the Library of Congress.
Card 2/2

'AUTHORS: Manenkov, A. A., Prokhorov, A. 14. 56-5-5/46
TITLE: A Determination of the Nuclear Moments of Gd155 and Gd157 From
the Hyperfine Structure of Paramagnetic Resonance (Opredeleniye
yadern.vkh momentov Gd155 1 Gd157 iz svorkhtonkoy struktury par&-
magnitnogo, rezonansa)
PERIODICALt Zhurnal Eksperimentallnoy i Teoreticheskoy Fiziki, 1957
Vol. 33, Vr 5, PP. 1116-1118 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The gadolinium spectrum was recorded by means of a superhetero-
dyne radiospectroscapa at 9383 MHz. The magnetic field was mea-
sured by means of the proton resonance. A SrS-Gd preparation
was used for measuring the paramagndtic resonance, in which case
Gd155 or Gd157 respectively, were found accumulated in enriched
state (-93%) in the test pieces.
The following results were obtained:
I - 3/2 for Gd153 and Gd157
J@(Gd155)j : j/)A(Gd157) I = 0,73 + o,o3
From a comparison of the decomposition uf the hyperfine structure
of SrS - Gd3+ and SrS - EU2+ results:
Card 1/2 1@,(Ju_151)I - J@C(Gd157)1 - lo,6. + -,-3

A Determination of the Nuclear Moments of Gd'55 and Gd157 From 56-5-5/,46
the Hyperfine Structure of Paramagnetic Resonance.
Let @t be assumed that 316 is the (theoretical value) of
/j@Eu 51), it hence results from the ratio measured:
l,k(Gdl55)1 o,25 atomic magnetons
J@.(Gdl57)1 604 atomic magnatons
There are 1 table, I fi&ure, and 11 references, 3 of which are
Slavic.
ASSOCIATION: Physics Institute imeni P. N. Ltbedev of AN USSR (Fizicheskiy
institut im. P. N. Lebedeva AkaGemii nauk SSSR)
SUBMITTED: M&,Y 11, 1957
AVAILABLEi Librarj of Congress
Card 2/2

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nkITENKOV, A. M. (FLU, MOSCOW)
"Molecular Amplifiers and Generators".
report presented at the All-Union Conference on Statistical Radio
Physics, GorIkiy, 13-18 October 1958. (Izv. vyssh uchev zaved-Radiotekh.,
vol.,.2, No. 1, pp 121-127) CONPMTE card under SIFOROV, V. I.)

SOV/56-34-6-50/51
AUTHORS: Zverev, G. 11J., Korniyenko, L. S., Manenkov, I.. k.,
Prokhorov, A. M.
TITLE: A Paramagnetic Amplifier and Generator on the Basis of Chromic
Corundum (Paramagnitnyy usilitell i generator na khromovom
korunda)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal ek3perimentallnoy i teoreticheskoy fiziki, 1958,
Vol. 34, Nr 6, pp. 166o-i66i (USSR)
AB@,TRACT: The spectrum of Cr3+ in corun um was investigated in previous
papers (Refs 6-9). The ion Crg+ '
within the corundum is placed
in an axial electromagnetic field which splits up the spin
quadruplet of the lower singlet orbital level into 2 dublets
with the distance 2D - - 0,3824 cm-1 between them. For the
construction of the paramagnetic amplifier the authors use
the levels which (in the case that the crystal axis is orient-
a.ted parallelly to the external constant paramagnetic field)
are characterized by the quantum numbers M - 3/2, + 1/2. If
the crystal axis is turned the states are intermi)@e_d and the
Card 1/2 transitions between all 3 levels are allowed. The levels

SOV/56-34-6-50/51
A Paramagnetic Amplifier and Generator on the Bats of Chromic Corundum
M = - 1/2, 1/2 are used for the amplification and the auxil-
iary radiations excitate the transitions between the levels
11 = 1/2, -3/2. The frequency at which the amplification
(or the generation) is carried out is equal to -3000 mega-
cycles and the frequency of the Suxiliary radiation was equal
to - 15000 megacycles. At T - 2 K the system was excitated
by itself and changed over to the function of a generator.
The exact data concerning this amplifier will be published
later. The authors thank A. I. Shallnikov for his help in
carrying out the experiments at low lemperatures. There are-
I figure and 10 references, 6 of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Fizicheskiy institut im. P.N. Lebedeva Akademii nauk SSSR
(Physics Institute imeni P.N. LebedevAS USSR)
SUBMITTED: April 1, 1958
Card 2/2

5'(4
AUTHORS: Rode, T. V., Manenkov, k. A. SOV/76-33-2-43/45
TITLEs Letters to the Editor (Pistma v redaktsiyu). 0 *n the Problem
of the Valence State of Chromium Ions in Compounds Formed in
the Thermal Decomposition of Chromic Anhydride (K voprosu o
valentnom sostoyanii ionov chroma v soyedineniyakh,
obrazuyushchikhsya pri termicheskom razlozhenii khromovogo
angidrida)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal fizicheskoy khimii, 1959, Vol 33, Nr 2, P 503
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: It has previously been found (Ref 1) that in the thermal
three chemical compounds form, and at a
decomposition of CrO
3
pressure of 250 atm CrO -s formed in addition. Chemical
2
analyses showed that these three compounds are the decachromate,
dichromate, an,'. monochromate of chromium. Since it was possible
that because of a disproport-Jonation of the chromium "wet"
analyses had yielded incorrect results on the valence states
investigations using the method of electronic paramagnetic
resonance were carried out here. The measurements were taken
Card 1/2 at a frequency of 9375 megacycles. In CrO 3 no electronic

Letters to the Editor. on the Problem of the SOV/116-33-2-43/45
Valence State of Chromium Ions in Compounds
Formed in the Thermal Decomposition of Chromic
Anhydride
paramagnetic resonance was observed, while decachromate and
dichromate showed absorption lines corresponding to a
g-factor - 1.9 and a width of about 100 gauss, which was
attributed to paramagnetic resonance of the trivalent chromilm
ion with an electron transfer M = 1/21@ kT .If ha2l\@, kT,
n n A exp/c, t)+(n n with T =_1/aj@@, 1/W W is the probabilit
5- 2 = A @ 1 3- 2)eq 1 31' ik Y
of a transition E i-,@E.. In this case the temperature dependence of the
relaxation time is very .,ieak and at hi) 3@ kT it vanishes. (b) E 3- E2@@ kT,
'&-T. For hL., ",/', kT, f .or the 21-1 transition n _n @ Aexp(a t)+(n - n
32 2 1 1 2 @re
=_1/aj:-t1/W 251 i. e. the temperature-dependence is strong (exponential).
:',id-resuits indicate that the temperature dependence of the spin-lattice
relaxation time depends on the relation between level splitting and kT.
.63cc TION Fizicheskiy institut im.
P. N. Lebedeva Akademii nauk SSSR
(Physics Institute imeni P. N. Lebedev of the Academy of
Sciences USSR)
SUBIdITTED: December 26, 1961
Card 2/2

6/053/'62/077/001/001/003
B-117/B112
@.'J'THORS: Zverev, G. M., Karlov, N. V., Korniyenko, L. S.,
Manenkov, A. A. , Prokhorov, A. IM.
T I!, Application of paramagnetic crystals in quantum electronics
lzli!ODI'AL: Uspekhi fizicneskikh nauk, v. 77, no. 1, ,962, 61 - ioa
yn : I
@:estern and Soviet studies during the period 1952 - 19062 concerning
@he -,roCress in th@ application of paraua@net4
@c crystals for building
C''U.-nium devices are reviewed. In these devices, which are used in the
fields of radio and optics, negative temperatures are produced by
auxiliary radiation. The following problems are discussed- energy levels
of paramagnetic ions in crystals; relaxation phenomena in paramaanetic
crysTals; (paramagnetic) quantum amplifiers of the radio range (para-
magnetic resonance amplifier :;7,lj (Iq@U), paramagnetic progressive wave
amplifier (PUBV)); quantum generators and amplifiers of the optical
range (optical quantum generators with ruby and fluorite, quantum ampli-
fiers, (@ui_,ntum counters). Finally, the great progress achieved in quantum
electronics during the short time of its existence is pointed out&
"ard 1/2
1

3/053/0'2/077/001/001/003
Application of paramagnetic... B117/3112
estaolisnment of highly accurate frequency stanr@ rds 'or various purpose3;
-a
,eve--oiment cf love-noise paramagnetic amplifJers of the radio range and of
optical 6anerators havin- a 'h_J,3h degree of coherence and hi6h spectral
radiation density. The quick progress of quantum electronics and Zts nro-
zisinJ prospects,are the consequence of its development on the 3a sis 0f
already existing. technolo.zy. Progress was first achievea-in the radio
range, ana later in the optical range. At present work is in progress in
developing the entire range, including the submillimeter- and distant
infrared range. There are.27 figures and 134 references: 45 Soviet-bloc
and 99 non-Soviet-bloc. The four most important English-language refer-
ences are: J. R. Singer and S. -11'ang, Second international Conference on
a n. Lum, Electronics, Berkeley, 1961; W. G. Wagner and G. Birnbaum, Second
7ntcrnational Conference on @uantuz Electronics, Berkeley, 1961;
H. Hell-aarth, Phys. Rev. Lett., v. 6. 19 (19061)i A. L. Schavilow,
G. Devlin, Phys, Rev, Lott*,, v. 6, 96 (1961).
Card 2/2

5/18 63/005/001/036/064
B I 08YB 180
AUTHORSt Lushchikov, V. I., Manenkov, A. A., and Taran, Yu. V.
TITLEi Dynamic polarization of protons in lanthanum-magneBium binary
nitrate
PERIODICALt Fizika tverdogo tela, v. 5, no. 1, 1963, 235 - 236
TEXT: Earlier work on the dynakc polarizdtion of protons (FTT, 5, 5503,
I.961) is continued he're. (La,Ce)2Mg,(NO,)12-24H20 single crystals were
gycrwn from a saturated La (NO solution with an appropriate addition
2Mg3 3)12
of Ce2Mg3 (NO 3),2, The sample was placed in a resonator so that the hexa-
gonal crystal axis was always perpendicular to 5Ho the external maenetic
field. In this position, g., - 1-83 for the Ce + ion. The increase in the
polarization of the protons in the crystal on saturation of the epr was
det@.rmined from the Jncreased amplitude of the nmr signal from the proton.
With fixed epr frequency typical polarization peaks were observed at
H + AH, which corresponds to the forbidden transition at the frequency
0 2
Card 1/2

S/18 63/005/001/036/064
Dynamic polarization of... B108YB180
Vexc nucl* The greatest increase in polarization was found at 1.60K in
a field of 3700 oe for a crystal with 0-5@4 Ce, In this case, the proton
polarization was 170 times greater than in thermal equilibrium. This de-
creases somewhat when the temperature falls to 1-50K. MeacurementB of the
coefficient of dynamical increase in polarization in dependence on the power
of epr saturation showed good agreement with the simple phenomenological
theory of spin diffusion (0. S. Leifson, C. D. Jeffries. Bull. Am. Phys.
Soc., 6, no- 3, 1960; Phys. Rev., 122, 1781, 1961). The same ap3lies to
the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time in dependence on the Ce I concen-
tration in the range 0.2 - 1@@ (at constant temperatures between 1.5 and 4
1.70K). Between 1.5 and 1.70K, the relaxation time is proportional T_
at any Ce3* concentration. There are 3 figures.and 1 table.
ASSOCIATIONi Fizicheskiy institut im. P. N. Lebedeva AN SSSR, Moskva
(Physics Institute imeni P. N. Lebedev AS USSR, Moscow)
SUBMITTED t August 6, 1962
Card 2/2

S/181/63/005/002/009/051
B104/B186
AUTHORSs Kessenikh, A. V.# Lushchikov, V. I., Manenkovj and
Taranp Yua V.
TITLE. Proton polarization in irradiated polythene
PERIODICKM Fizika tverdogo tela, v. 5# no* 2t 19639 443 - 454
TEXT: The aim is to find materials suitable for polarized proton targets,
and to investigate the physical properties of irradiated polythens. To
this end the studies-of dynamic polarization in high-density polythene
irradiated with fast protons (V. I. Lushohikov, A. A. Manenkov, Yu. V. Taraiat
--FFT, 3o 35039 1961) were continued. The dynamic nuclear polarization wail
measured at 77, 4.2 and 1.60X in a magnetic field OfAJ3400 06 using a
device desoribed in a previous paper. The 1799-6 mm test pieces were placed.
in the coil of an autodyne n.m.r pickup, with the axis of the coil per-
pendicular to the long side of the resonator. H102 oscillations with a
frequepcy of 9440 Ho/s were set up in the resonator. The dynamic polarize-
ijon factor of the protons was determined from the amplification factor of
the n.m.r. signal at saturated e.p.rof the free radicals formed when the
Card 1/3

S/m 63/005/002/009/051
Proton polarization in... B104YB186
polythene was irradiated. Resultat In the He temperature range, the oross-
relaxation under conditions of non-uniform e.p.r. line broadening plays an
important part in the dynamic polarization of the nuclei. This can be used
to explain the increase i-n the broadening of the dynamic nuclear polariza-
tion maxima as the temperature decreases, and the fact that the dynamic
polarization factor does not depend on temperature. The time dependence of
the n.m.r. lines is described as the sum of two exponents with relaxation
times of T 1 and T.. The nuclear relaxation depends lineaily on T 1 and T 21
this result being contrary to theoretical predictions (0. S. Leifoon,
C. D. Jeffries, Phys. Rev.f 122, 1781, 1961). it io explained on the
assumption that the action zone of the paramagnetic centers is equalized at
the expense of fast spin diffusion. The dyncmio polarization coefficient
diapends linearly on the molecular weight of the initial material. There
are 6 figures.
ASSOCIATIONs Fizicheskiy institut im. P. N. Lebedeva AN SSSEk (Pbjaioo
Institute imeni P. N. Lebedev AS USSR)j Nauohno-issledovatel'sMy
fiziko-k4,Wheakiy institut im. L. Ya. Karpova, Moalcva-
(Boientiflo,.Fhysiooohemical Research Institute imeni
Card 2/3 L. Ya. KarWv, Moscow)

8/181/63/005/002/009/051
Proton polarization in,.* B104/BI86
SUBMITTE.Dt August 69 1962 1
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RITUS, A.I.; MANENKOV, A.A.
Splitting of the paramagnetic resonance lines of' Cr3+ ions in ruby in
an external electric field. Fiz. tver. t!li 5 no.12:11590-3593 D 163.
(MIRA 17:2)
1. Fizichaskiy institut imeni P.N,Lebedava AN SSSR, ?4oskva.

4- -@ , - " - '
".-! .-.-..-I

MANENKOV, A.A.; POLISKIY, Yu.Ye.
Relaxation processes in paramagnetic resonance of Gd 3* ions
in CaF crystals. Zhur, ekBp. i teor. fiz. 45 no.5:1425-
1-429 & 163. (MIRA 17:1)
1. Fizicheskiy institut imeni P.N. Lebedev@L AN SSSR.

ACCESSION' YR: AP4019845 S/0181/64/006/003/0827/0830
AUTHORIS: Kessenikh, A. V.; 14anenkov) i. A.;_Tyatnitskiy, 0, 1,
TITILE: Discussion of experimental data on dynamic polarization of protons in
irradiated polyethylenes
SOURLE: Fizika tverdogo tela, v, 6. no. 3, 1964, 827-830
TOPIC TAGS: polarization,@polyethylene, ultra high frequency irradiation,
ma,@netic resonance
magnetic property
AASTFUCT: The authors have investigated samples of polyethylene of high density.,
conn,aini,ng 1016 - 1019 cm-3 polyene radicals: CH2-(CH)a,_,-CH2, where 1-1 >2*
Studies were made at 77, 4.2, and 1.6K. The frequency of the ultra-high-frequency
generator was kept constant, but the magnetic field was varied., and the intensity
of the nuclear magnetic resonance signal was measured in its relation to the
magnetic field. It was assumed that the relations between the probabilities of
different spin transitions, during iatra-high-frequency irradiation of paramagnetic
centers with irremlarly ekpaaded electron paranagnetia
Card 1/2

ACG-;'SS701%1 NR: APLO198L5
resonance lines, are determined by the relations among rates of establishing
equilj:brium within the spin system and equilibriwii of spin with the lattice. The
dynamic polarization of protons was found.to decline very ra@pidly (negative values)
Q
with increase in magnetic field, reach a minimum, then increase very rapidly
tpassing tilirough zero) with further increase in field, reach a maxim.La, and then
decline again. Theoretical values were found to correspond closely. to experimental
values in values of mtgnetic field where tihe minimum and maximums @occur, but the
theoretical values of,the minimum and maximum, proved to be numerically greater than
the ez/.2eririental values. The authors point. out that it is possible to compute,
within the framework of the model they employ, the effect of combination spin
transition saturation ca electron polarization, which cannot generally be neglected
in calculations. Orig. art. has: 2 figures and 3 formilas,
ASSCICLkTION: FiziIko-Ir:himichesIdy institut im. L. Ya. Karpova, Moscow (Physico-
chemical ::nr,-zitWve)
SUBI@=ILD: 02SeP63 DATE ACQ: 3314ar64 EXL: 00
SU3 GODEE: SS, EG NO RL? SOV: 004 OTHER: 003
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KARLOV, I.V.; MAKENKOV, A.A.
Quantum paramagnetic amplifiers; review. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.;
radiofiz. 7 no.1:5-45 164. (MIRA 17:3)
1. Fizicheskiy institut imeni Lebedeva AN SSSR.

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