SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT MALANEC, K. - MAZANEK, F.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001033120009-2
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 14, 2000
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT


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P. 15~1 (FT ZL MAD -SPW,,AU11CT1,:A) ('vkrqzf3wa, Poland) Vol. 9,no.6, June 1917
SO: Monthly Index of East European Accession (FEAl) 1A Vol. 7, No. c. l9rT

~~~C, Karel, inz.; CADEK, Josef, kandidat technickyah ved
Effect of tungsten on the kinetic parameters of the formation
of hypoeutectoid ferrite. Hut listy 12 no.6.492-500 Je 157.
1. Vyzkwal Vitkovicke zelezarmy Klementa Gottwalda, Ostrava
(for Mazanec). 2. Ocelarsky vyzkumny ustav, Praha (for Calak).

CZECH/34-58-3-7/23
AUTHORS:Likes", ii~! (Ing.), Mazanec Karel (Cand.Tech.Sci.,Ing.),
dadek, Josef (Cand.TecE-.9-ci.,ing.)
TITLE: Application of Statistical Methods for Studying the Isothermal
Decomposition of the Austenite. Part II. Methoda of Measuring
the Speed of Formation of Germinations and the Speed of Growth
(Poulitif statisticloch metod pfi studiu isotermick4ho rozpadu
austenitu, Cast II, Metody mereni rychlosti tvorby zarodku a
rychlosti rustu)
PERIODICAL: Hutnicke' Listy, 1959, Nr 3, pp 215-222 (Czechoslovakia)
ABSTRACT: Tbe first part of this work was published in Hutnickd Listy,
1957, Nr 3, p 216~ It was shown in Part I that the basic para-
meters which determine the kinetics of isothermal decomposition
of austenite are the speed of formation of germinations and the
linea- speed of their growth. The morphology of the decompos-
ition products which has a decisive influence on the mechani-
cal and other properties is determined primarily by the ratio
of these parameters. Therefore, for understanding the mechan-
ism of the influence of alloying elements on the decomposit-
ion of austenite, it is necessary to know the influence of
alloying elements on these parameters. Earlier work by the
authors (Ref 2) on the influence of tungsten on the speed of
Card 1/4 formation of germinations and on the speed of growth of hypo-_,,,,

il_~
CZECH/34-58-3-7/23
Application of Statistical Methods for Studying the Isothermal Decom-
position of the Austenite. Part II. Methods of Measuring the Speed of
Formation of Germinations and the Speed of Growth
eutectoidal ferrite during isothermal decomposition of austen-
ite has enabled arriving at important conclusions on the mech-
anism of the influence of tungsten on the ferritic reaction
and has also contributed to elucidating certain general char-
acteristics of the kinetics and the mechanism of this reaction.
Correct interpretation of the results of measurement of the
kinetic parameters presupposes basic knowledge of the present
theory of formation of germinations and of their further growth,
Therefore, the first, earlier published, part of this work was
devoted to theoretical fundamentals, This second part of the
paper is devoted to statistical methods of measuring the kinet-
ic parameters, Although in the first instance the authors
aimed at studying the decomposition of austenite, the work
went considerably beyond the scope of this problem, Measure-
ment of the speed of formation of germinations and the speed
of their growth is based on several basic operations of quan-
titative stereometric metallography, namely, determinat' f
Card 2/4

CZECH/34-58-3-7/23
Application of Statistical Methods for Studying the Isothermal Decom-
position of the Austenite. Part II. Methods of Measuring the Speed
of Formation of Germinations and the Speed of Growth
the phase composition,, determination of the number of part-
icles per unit of volume, determination of the specific
surface9 etc. For the purpose of determining the speed of
formation of germinations it is necessary to determine the
fraction of non-transformed austenite as a function of the
reaction time, the number of particles of a given decompos-
ition product per unit of volume, also as a function of
time, and the area of the boundaries of y-grains per unit of
volume (in cases in which it is necessary to ordinate the
speed of formation of ge-rminations to a unit of the area of
y-grain boundaries). In the first part of the paper the
authors deal briefly with the methods of quantitative deter-
mination of these three magnitudes and also with other meth-
ods of calculating the speed of formation of germInations.
In the second part of the paper the most important methods of
determining the speed of growth are dealt with.and- a method
of measuring the distance betweenlamellae, which is one of
the most important parameters affecting the speed- of growth,
is described. In view of the large number of available
Card 3/4 methods the authors could not deal with any of them in det3j_1

CZECH/34-58-3-7/23
Application of Statistical Methods for Studying the Isothermal Decom-
position-of the Austenite. Part II. Methods of Measuring the Speed
of Fo=at:lon of Gemmi-nations and the Speed of Growth
They propose to do that in later work which will be devoted
to a narrower field of investigation. There are 5 figures
and 24 references, of which 5 are Czech, 2 German, 1 Frenchl
4 Soviet and 12 English.
ASSOCIATION: Vjzkumnj ustav hutnictvl' geleza, Praha (Ferrous Metall-
urgy Research Institute, Prague)
SUBMITTED: September 13, 1958.
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6 ? -~' b9
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E073/E535
AUTHORS: blazanec, Karel, Engineer, Candidate of Technical Sciences
VZKD, Ostrava), &dek, Josef, En-ineer,
of Technical Sciences, Lilces', Jifi, En.,,ineer
(Vyzkumn'y' ustav hutnictVi leleza, Praha)
%
TITLE: Influence of Nickelv
n the Speed of Formation of
Germi ations and on the Speed of Urowth of lfypoeutect~.,-;~l
f'
Ferri
e
PERIODICA M Hutn3.cke listy, 1960, Nr 4, pp 232-287
ABSTRACT: Earlier work by the authors of this paper (Refs 1,2)
relating to the influence of W on the kinetic parameters
showed that in the case of high degrees of super-cooling
the speed of growth of the ferrite is controlled by the
diffusion of carbon in the austenite. Therefore the
authors considered it of interest to obtain information
on the influence of nickel, an element which does not
form carbides in steel. For the investigations two
steels were used of the following compositions;
Steel A: 0.27% C, 0.26% Mn, 0.29% Si, 0.033% P, 0.026% s.
o.i4% cu, o.0~'o Ni, 1.0% Cr;
it B: 0.31% C, 0.33% Mn, 0.25% Si, 0.033% P, 0.024%
1
Card 1/3 1
o.16% cu, 1.17% Ni, 1.03% Cr. ~'

97)'tq
Z/034/60/000/04/005/028
E073/E535
Influence of Nickel on the Speed of Formatlon of Germinations and
on the Speed of Growth of Hypereutectoidal Ferrite
These steels were produced in a 40 kg capacity high
frequency furnace and cast into ingots which were then
forged into rods of 20 mm dia. Prior to manufacture
the samples were subjected to sphereodisation annealing
for 4 hours at 7000C. Specimens of 10 x 10 x 2 mm were
homogenization annealed in special ampoules without
access of air for the duration of one week at 1050*C.
Following that the specimens were electrolytically coated
with a chromium layer about 0.03 mm thick, to prevent
decarburization. Austenization was effected at 1100*C
for 10 minutes in a vertical tubular furnace inside a
protective argon atmosphere. On the basis of the
obtained results it is concluded that%
1) Nickel reduces considerably the speed of ferrite
growth, particularly at high degrees of supercooling
(700* to 6500C). The influelice of nickel on the speed
of formation of germinations%%could not be determined.
2) The speed of ferrite growth in the range of high
degrees of supercooling is ob-iously controlled by the
Card 2/3 speed of carbon diffusion in the austenite since the

6.,/), c/
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E073/E535
Influence of Nickel on the Speed of Formation of Gerriiriatioriq 'Intj
on the Speed of Growth of Hypereutectoidal Ferrite
obtained activation energy of the growth (31 OOC cal/mul
for the steel A and 26 700 cal/mol for the steel B)
approaches the activation energy of the diffusioi) of
carbon in the austenite.
3) An arelysis was made of the isothermal ferritic reactiLn
and the activation energy of this reactioii was detf-r. Lued,,
The obtained values of the activation enorgy (37 500 calA101
for steel A and 35 000 cal/mol for steel B) lead tL) tl-ie
conclusion that the speed of diffusion of C in ttie
austenite probably controls not only the speed of growt,i
at high degrees of supercooling but also the entire
kinetics of the ferritic reaction.
There are 13 figures, 2 tables and 11 references, 3 of
which are Czech, 4 Soviet and 4 English.
.1
ASSOCIATIONSt Vyzkumny' fistav V&G, Ostrava (Research Institute
-VtKG. Ostra a) and V~zlcumny u"'stav hutnictvi Yeleza, Praha
(Ferrous Metallurgy Research Institute, Prague)
SUBMITTED: June 27, 1959
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Z/034/60/^-00/08/006,1030
AOJ~4E~35
AUTHORS: Lik4s, Jifi, tadek, Josef, a e , Karel and
Kud#1kovd, Jarmila
TITLE: Contribution to the Methods of Stereometric Metallography.
Part III. Method of Determining the Number of and the Size
of Disc Particles to Disperse Phase
PERIODICAL: Hutnick6 listy, 1960, Nr 8, pp 615 - 619
ABSTRACT: Methods of quantitative evaluation of the microstructure
of metals and alloys are gaining in importance in the
study of phase transformations. The kinetics of the
majority of such transformations can be described by two
kinetic parameters, the speed of formation of the nuclei
and the speed of growth of a new phase. Measurement of
these parameters is based on using statistical methods
of microstructural analysis. One of the most important
tasks is determining the number of particles in the new
phase per unit of volume of the specimen and the real
(three-dimensional) size of these particles on the basis
of the number and size of intersections of particles per
unit of area of a polished specimen or on the basis of the
Cardl/~ length and the number of segments created by the A/

80780
Z/034/6o/ooo/Woo6ob30
E?? 10AN all. ograph y.
Contribution to the Methods of Stereome
Part 111. Method of Determining the Number of and the Size of
Disc Particles to Disperse Phase
intersection of particles of a polished specimen with
lines drawn at random in the plane of the polished
specimen. Such particles can have a variety of shapes.
i.e. they can be spherical, cylindrical, acicular. disc-
shaped, etc. In earlier papers (Refs 1,2), one of the
authors dealt with spherical particles. For studying
martensitic and bainitic reactions it is important to
develop a method of determining the number of disc-
shaped particles. In this paper, the authors solved
this problem for the case of particles of equal size
with a random distribution and random orientation in
the body of the specimen. Expressions are derived for
the average number of particles per unit of volume and
for the size of the particles k, D whereby all the
expressions depend on the average number of intersections
n per unit of area of the polished plane of the specimen,
the average number of intersections n' per unit of
length of longitudinally-drawn straight lines and oi-i,
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Z/034/60/000/08/006/ 030
1107A/ef al
Contribution to the Methods of Stereometric io8raph-.-.
Part III. Method of Determining the Number of and the Size of
Disc Particles to Disperse Phase
estimating the value of p , the volume part of the
phase a . The value of k is then determined by
interpolation from tabulated y(k) values. In the
experimental part of the paper, comparison is made
between the average F of the areasof the polished
sections measured and the theoretically determined value
E(f) . Finally, the theoretically derived relations
are used for determining the number and size of bainite
particles. The here described method enables direct
measurement of the kinetic parameters of proceeding
isothermal, martensitic and, particularly, bainitic
reactions. Acknowledgments are expressed to VL_Atdha-
VtHZ, for his assistance in carrying out measurements
on the polished specimens and to J. Kazdova,_VNi. for
her assistance in carrying out calculations. There are
5 figuros, 4 tables and 13 references, of which 5 are
Card 3/4 Czech, 7 are English and I is Soviet. ~/.

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Z/034/60/000/08/006/030
E07A/Fjj~ography.
Contribution to the Methods of StereometrIc e
Part III. Method of Determining the Number of and the Size of
Disc Particles to Disperse Phase
ASSOCIATIONS: V J. zkumn' fistav hutnictvl" leleza. Praha
y y
(Ferrous Metallurgy Research Institute, Prague)
Vfzkumny fistav, VZKG, Ostrava (Re;Tearch Institute
VZKG, Ostrava)
SUBMITTED: Au&45t 25, 1959
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MALY,J., inz.; JAI4031KOVA V.,inz.;~IAZANEC,K.,inz.,Karidi,izit technickyc~ %,e-.
Oxy-acetylene cuttin.- of low-alloyed self-harden-ing.
steel. Zvar sbor 9 no.3:325-344 '60
1. Vyskumny ustav zvaracsky, Bratislava (for Ikaly)
2. Vyzkumny ustav, Vitkovicke zelezarny Klementa Gottwalda
(for Janosikova and Mazanec)

Z/034/61/000/001/007/021
E073/E535
AUTHORS: Mazanec, Karel, Engineer, Candidate of Technical Sciences
MMMSIM,- Emilie, Engineer
TITLE: Contribution to the Study of Surface Tension on the
Austenite Grain Boundaries
PERIODICAL: HutnicZe listy, 1961, No.1, pp.41-49
TEXT: The surface energies of melts have been measured by
numerous authors and adequate data are available. However, few
measurements have been made of the surface tension of solid
substances or at the grain boundaries. For steel, only the data
published by Van Vlack (Ref.2) on the absolute values of the surface
tension at the austenite grain boundaries are available.' The views
of Read and Schockley (Ref.3) on the properties of grain boundaries
have been experimentally verified as a function of the grain
orientation b a number of authors, for instance Dunn, Daniels and
Bolton (Ref .45 and Aust and Chalmers (Ref-5). So far, no work has
been published in Czechoslovakia on measuring the relative and
absolute surface tension at the grain boundaries of steel. In this
paper the results are published of measurements of the relative
energy at the grain boundaries of two different phases (ferrite and
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Contribution to the Study of Surface Tension on the Austenite Grain
Boundaries
austenite) and on the austenite grain boundaries. In the final part
of the paper an attempt is made to determine the absolute surface
tension of austenite by means of a modification of the Sears method
(Ref.7). The relative values of the surface tension at the
austenite-ferrite 0rain boundary for the isothermal decomposition
temperature of 750 C, determined by means of statistical evaluation
of the angles between individual grains measured in the plane of the
polished section, were found to be: a OLY =te- 0 - 7 ayy and
0 .9 Cr yy' For the interphase 6-ferrite-austenite, the
following re;ations were found to apply for the temperature range
1000 to 1200 C: a ~~ 0.83,a and cr..- 1.2 to 1.4 a6b.
by yy I
Further statistical data were obtained and a critical analysis was
made of the applied method of measuring the relative surface tension
between two phases. The theoretical frequency curve for angles of
850 between grains was determined and this curve is compared with
experimentally determined curves of frequencies with a modal value
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Contribution to the Study of Surface Tension on the Austenite 'rain
Boundaries
OfE)= 85'. The two curves were found to be in good agreement;
the modal value of the angle determined experimentally is in
agreement with theereal angle between the two grains investigated.
By means of vacuum etching of the surface of specimens, a method
was developed of measuring the relative surface energy a between
the austenite grains. The specimens were etched in the qmperature
range 1050 to 11000C far durations of 48 hours, maintaining the
vacuum at 3 to 5 x 10- mm. Hg col. Furthermore, a method was
developed for measuring the angles of "wrinkles" by the type MIS-11
profile meter and an evaluation was made of some of the data on a
method of measurement and the shape of the wrinkles which form
duping vacuum etching. For soft carbon steel and two alloy steels
(with 11% Cr and with 1% Cr + 1% Ni), the relative value ahr~ 0.6
to 0.75 CY vv which corresponds to an average value of the wrinkle
angles of &= 136 to 1450. By means of the modified drop method,
the absolute surface tension on the free austenite surface was
determined, using spectrally pure lead as a standard material. The
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Z/034/61/000/001/007/021
E073/E535
Contribution to the Study of Surface Tension on the Austenite
Grain Boundaries
experiments were carried out in a carefully purified atmosphere of
argon and unsaturated lead vapours at 900*C for a duration of
4 hours. On the basis of the equilibrium of the surface tension
vectors in the horizontal and vertical directions, the surface
tension was determined under the above given conditions for two
types of steel; for the soft carbon steel a = 1240 dyn/cm and for
the 30ChN2MA steel av = 1300 dyn/cm. FurthYrmore, an analysis was
made of the shape of the lead drops as determined in the transverse
cross-section on the surface of the specimen during measurement of
the a values. Finally, the absolute surface tension at the grain
bound'Kries on eliminating the influence of unsaturated lead vapours
was tentatively calculated. The surface tension at the austenite
grain boundaries at 11001C was found to be about 800 dyn/cm for
soft carbon steels. In evaluating the influence of lead vapours
on the wi~inkle angles, it was found that this influence is small
and in the given case brings about a change of the wrinkle
angles from 144.5 to 139*. So far, this quantity
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Contribution to the Study of Surface Tension on the Austenite Grain
Boundaries
has not been measured on other alloys investigated but work on
this point is continuingw Some of the measurements were carried
't Prague. There are 19 figures and
out by Engineer Kalik. FJ9,
28 references: 5 Czech, 1 Soviet, 1 French, 1 German and 20 English.
ASSOCIATION:
SUBMITTED:
, kuuln~ 0 V
V ustav VZKG,
VfKZG, Ostrava)
V
June 17, 1960
Ostrava (Research Institute
Card 5/5

OSIORYO Adam; HAZANEK, Karol
Application of carburation vith natural gas in the petroleum induBtry,.
Viad naft 7 no.9:211-213 S 161.

OSKORY, Adam; MAZAVEK, Karol
- -- -- - -
General infornatic-no on modern anrealing. To be contd. Wiad neft
7 no.10:233-23.4 161.

OSKOFffp Adaz; MAZANEK, Karol
General infornatirms on =&rn heat treatment of steel. (To be con+Z.)
Viad naft 7 no.11:254-255 161.
(steel)

OSKORY, Adam; MAUNEK. Ka
~~~ ~o
General informations on modern annealing. Conclusica.4fiad naft---k,
7 no.l2t279-28 161.
.00

Z/034/61/Aooil/008/002/005
E073/E435
AUTHORS: -Maza ~ec, Karel, Engineer and
Kamenskii, km-i-lie, Candidate of Technical Sciences,
Engineer
TITLE: Study of the influence of oxygen on surface tension
PERIODICAL: Hutnicke' listy, 1961, No.8, pp.561-565
TEXT: A number of authors have expressed the view that an
increased content of oxygen produced intergranular brittleness
in steel. J.Plateau, G.Henry and C.Crussard (Ref.2:
Precipitation Processes in Steels; Iron and Steel Inst. Spec.
Rep. No.64, 1959, PP-157-176) have pointed out that a relation
may exist between intergranular brittleness and segregation of
oxygen at the grain boundaries. In this paper, the authors
investigate other causes of this brittleness. An attempt is
made to determine more accurately the crystallographic
relations pertaining to stripes on free surfaces, revealed after
high-temperature etching at low pressures. Furthermore, certain
views are expressed on the properties of fractures, since
similar stripes were observed on fracture surfaces, particularly
in cises of braked fractures in martensite when the fracture was
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mostly along the grain boundaries. Under such conditions, the
formation of stripes has not hitherto been observed.
J.Be"nard, J.Moreau and J.Plateau (Ref.6: Zeitsch. Electrochemie,
61, 1957, pp.59-65) explain the stripe formation by the fact that
adsorption of oxygen reduces the surface energy, particularly on
some crystallographic planes. This facilitates changes on the
surface of the specimen caused by surface diffusion, enabling
formation of non-uniformities corresponding to those planes where
the surface energy is lowest. A certain analogy can be
anticipated between the character of these striped surfaces and
certain fracture surfaces which occur during intercrystalline
fractures. In the case of grain boundaries, the probable cause
of formation of stripes are oxygen atoms which are dissolved in
the metal and can be adsorbed at the grain boundaries. The
experiments were made on the steel 30ChN2MA produced in a 40 kg
high-frequency laboratory furnace in such a way as to obtain an
increased oxygen content (0.016%). After forging, the material
was homogenized at 1000*C for one week. From this material,
specimens were produced for studying the mutual orientations of
the stripes and the crystallographic planes. After careful
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preparation of the surface of the polished specimens, these were
Vacuum-etched at lC500C at a residual pressure of 3 x lo-3 to
I x lo-3 mm Hg for durations of 2 -48 hours. Under such
conditions, no continuous oxygen layers formed on the specimens and
Oxygen was only adsorbed at the surface of the material. For
comparison, the stripe-formation was also investigated after
studying braked fractures. These test specimens were austenized at
11000C for 1 hour and then water-quenched. After quenching, the
specimens were loaded for 1 hour with a static stress of 60 kg/MM2,
corresponding approximately to 0.35 ap of the given steel after
quenching. The braked fractures occurred after the load has been
applied for 30 to 50 minutes. It was found that the stripes on
the free surface were parallel to the planes (1111 or (100) .
The preferential etching of the plane 1100) indicates that the
adsorbed oxygen reduces the surface tension in this plane much more
intensively than in the planes (1111 which should have the lowest
surface energy, since they have the densest atom population. The
striping is attributed to a decrease in the surface energy. The
gained energy forms the motive force of surface diffusion on the
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grain boundaries and brings about stripe formation at spots which
are suitably oriented. It was found that a close relation exists
between str�pe-formation on the free surface and on fractures.
An explanation is given why stripe formation is difficult to observe
on fractures; it was observed for the first time on quenched steel
during tests involving braked fractures and on soft carbon steels.
J.Plateau et al (Ref.2) were not successful in detecting stripe
formation in the Fe-O system by means of optical fractography.
A direct relation exists between the adsorbed oxygen, the stripe-
formation and the strength properties of the steel. In
accordance with the theory of Griffith, a drop in the surface energy
in the presence of adsorbed oxygen on the grain boundaries leads to
a decrease in the critical size of cracks in intercrystalline
fractures, i.e. to easier fracture. There are 11 figures, 1 table
and 14 referencesi 6 Soviet-bloc and 8 non-Soviet-bloc. The
references to English language publications read as follows:
J.Plateau, G.Henry, C.Crussard: Iron and Steel Inst.Spec.Rep. No.64,
1959, pp-157-176; B.Chalmers, R.King, R.Shuttleworth, Proc. Roy.
Soc. A 193 (1948)pp.465-480; C.Andreade, R.F.Y.Randall, Proc.
Phys. Soc. B 63, 1950, pp.198-210.
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le w
ASSOCIATION: Vy'Zkumny. ustav V2KG (Research Institute VZKG)
SUBMITTED- February 16, 1961
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LIKES, Jiri, inz.; 142ANEC, Karel, inz., kandidat technickych ved
Contribution to the methods of determining the interlawl3w distance
of perlite. Elut liety 16 no.6:417-420 Je 161.
1. Vyzkumny ustav hutnictri zel ~za, Praha (for Likes). 2. Vyzk=ny
ustav, Vitkovicke zelezafty Klementa Gottwaldal Ostrava (for Mazanee).

MAZANEC Karel ins., kandidat techni+ych ved; KAMSKA, Emilie, inz.
Examination of the effect of oxygen on surface streBB. HUt IiSty
16 no.g.-561-565 Ag 161.
1. Vyzku3mny ustav, vitkovicke zelezarny Klementa Gottwalda.

'i /03'~ /62/000/00 -5/0021 /()(1 It
E () T~ /E 5 -) 5
',!a za 11 e 11 Y, i I I e er, co fit! i (1, t t v o I' r e C i I I I I C.,
AL
Sc i "I C O~ ;11111 ~_,;WlellSkA , ATIi I it-, '.11~4inC-01_
T I 1'i, E On the caiises of Cormation of 1)riikeo froctures- in
martonsite of high-strength steels
Hiitnick6 listv, no.15, 1962, 2o2-209
The ;111thOrs stiidied the formatimi of hr;iked fr.~ctkr(,~
in freshly quenched martensite of the steel 30
water quenchin1g. had a strength of 170 to 185 'k9/C1;1_. I,or.-;ion a.~
welt as tensile tests wero madv. on notched and non-notched
specimens. In soi,ie of the tonsile tets the kinetics of :)rO,,;i-
gation of tile cracks were deterriined by the cnanges in condilctivitv,
whilst the specimens were maintained at -200C (-20C) in g,1~011.n~
or, in the case of beiow-fr,-eziiig tnameratures, in a mi\tL1r(,' Of
,gasoline and CO,,. Ttie changes in the dynamic modillus and intornil
friction were d~etermined at various temperatures on quenched
and on rods after ageing. some of tile specimens were additionallv
subjected to cathodic saturation with hydrogen. It was fomid Lhat
braked fractures occur in martensite at stresses considerably lo,,-C,
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On the causes of formation of ... Z/()3'f A 2/0()0/0()-)/C)() 2/0o't
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than the ultimate strength of martensite. These cracks ;.T-.)-.,c-;~r(-d
primarily (70 to '~O-) at the grain boundaries of tht- initi.-Il
austenite, w-hereby this process was most marked imiaediatetv al'ter
quenching and became gradiially less with increasing ditration of
,
a, contrast to the view
geing at normal or at lows temneratures. Tri
of Troiano, the formation of braked fractures is not attributed to
the presence of hydrogen, since braked fractures also appoared
on specimens that were. subjected to vacuum extraction. 1'!10 UnIN~
effect of additional situration with hydrogen was to shorten the
incubation period. Thermomechanical treatment (deformation b,,,
abouL 1--%b in bendingg) directly after austenization, foliowed b),
raL~id quenching, increased annreciably the incubation period :-.nd
this is attributed to "strengthening" of the boiindaries of the
initial austenite, which also manifested in an increase Of
the bond strength. Tho following probable mechanism is
suggested: during martensitic transformations easily mobile new
dislocations are generated which behave essentially as individual
ones and during their movement they only need to OVel-Come the
PeLrls-Nabaro barrier. The reduced ability to form such
111~ird 2/~i

0! 1the C~Iuscs o f forl."'! r i oft of . . ./ /0 -) 11 li) -', /ooo/oo 3/
Z073/1:9,711
braked fracturei at lower temperatures is due to the temnor~k t
deperidence of the width of tile dislocations. Due to tho rel,-~tlvoly
low extornal stresses, thi,se dislocations will move and ;iccumul;it,
at obstacles (grairt boundaries); as a result of this a strv-~-,3
stote will devel.on which, combined with the microcracks dilr.,ng tne
inartensitic reaction, causes extension of the microcrac!,~!~ ;%ii(! tjj(-
formati(:)n of braked fr;ictures. if prior to apf)lying an e\tern,ii
load the material is aged at norria.1. or slightly hi g I i or t emi) e r~k -
turos, the mobility of the disIocations decreases,due to the f,,-.Ct
that they become I)artially "blocked" by point disturt)ances
1-c-ading to a decrease in their effective length. The easy
mobility of dislocations formed durLng the martunsitic reaction
was also confirmed by the high relaxation ability, vIlicl) at -'2(-) C
reaches 10.~ of' the acting stress. The imthors beliovt- that it
is necessary to study more closely the metallurgical rel;itiuns
that influence the fol-mation of braked I'ractiires, includin iL, t h
properties of the boundaries of the initial austenite,which
greatly affect the formation of such fractures. There are
18 figures and 3 tables.
Card 3/4

On the causes of forinition of ... Z/034/62/00(1/003/002/00'i
E073/E935
ASSOCIATION: V~zkutnn~ 111stav
('lesearch Institute
SUdMITTED: September 1q, 1961
Ca r d It /li

OSKORY, Adam; NAMEK, -Karol
Mai-.- - - -
Application of nitriding in the petroleum industry. Wiad naft
8 no.6:136-138 Je 162.

OSKORY, Adam; MAZAMT, Karol
Proper selection and application of construction steel alloys in
repairs of petroleum Installations. Viad naft 8 no.n:260-262 N 162.

MAZAITEC. Karel, inz.9 kandidat technickych ved; MNSKA, Emilie, inz,
Contribution to the study of braked fracture formation in the
Martensite of high strength steel. Hat liaty 17 no.3.202409 I-Ir 162.
lo Vyzkumy ustavp Vitkovicke zelezarny Klementa Gottwalda.

HYSPECKA, Ludmila, inz.; BALUSEK, Jaromir; MAZANEC, Karel, inz., Dr.3c.
Therzoomechanical treatment of structural steel. But listy 18
no.1:44-48 Ja 163.
1. Vyzkumny ustav, Vitkovicke zelezarny Klementa Gottwalda, n.p.,
Ostrava.

z/0065/h0./Q0Q/0D2/0251/V262
ACCESSION NRf~-:APJ002912.:.~-
11 Usl AKV-1%10 qp

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t

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-7
mat
-MO vZomer- n tal tr
a steel
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K
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zen
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Rail"i-i, a
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pbp t %Mfi,~: 2* 29-214% Cr ;1.8672.2%,Ni,-O. -0~39%
'
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0 8 vere 11
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i--'sp6id 0 75- Wait- AnA -1~6. tons ~Piejj- 9 uirsi 'TJ 4-~Ust or% rADI i in,g WD 20.8~conds

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so,*pb'_ *-~tllir*omi t w~ tbA
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micro-
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so, tausas ~ thahjii- i": gibmstr f iai~ienqita -~Iates.` ~ The:-
y ~_v tbAl
in a ie -austafifte
af be

a b .
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f
y' argai . res when " Orm S zatantsible austenite, and by
'
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.7, ix. reten
tion'even:afltar,*tbe,
ans ormation roza ~iu*ste e_
': to- martensite. Th
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:t
ibir momachanical tiebtment - li duw, o,subi antiil~avoidence of
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U!~ _o~.Fenstlk;due to ch- Ation" is ma alued_:
OrLs.
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h~i:
t figunii a, tables
sezirch~lnatitu 8~_.,Qf ,the( Ilement

i
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3
- - - - - - - - - -
-
NO.-REY Soy; a ;p

RYS, Premysl,, MAZANEC, Kaml
Prospect and trends of the neaearch in the field of
materials. Vestnik GSAV 73 no.212l2-221 164.
1. Corresponding member of the ""zechoslovak Academy of Sclen:~es
(for Rys).

ACCESSION UR: AP4041522 Z/0065/64/000/00310309/0321
AUTHOR B runka , Otak ar (Brzhuak nOtak n r) ; Mntyn n , Mi roa 1 nv
(Hatiash, Miroslav); Mazanec, Karel (Mazanets. Karel)
TITLE: Contribution to the study of steel properties at hlRh
deformation rates
SOURCE: Kovove materialy, no, 3, 1964, 309-321
TOPIC TAGS: dynamic hardnebs, high deformation rate, Armco iron
dynamic hardnesn, 30KhN2MA steel dynamic hardness, room temperature
dynamic hardness, subzero temperature dynamic hardness, explosive
forming, high energy rate forming
ABSTRACT: Armco iron and 30KhN2MA steel were subjected to dynamic
hardness tests with the purpose of studying their behavior at high
deformation rates. The method in based on shooting a Projectile
into a specimen. The dynamic hardness 11K is determined an the ratio
C:w, where S. in the energy consumed in the formation of the 1,mprensior
having a volume w. The dynamic hardneso tester consists of four
!parts: 1) a device for projectile acceleration, 2) a device for
1/ 3

iACCESSION 14R., AP4041522
measuring projectile velocity, 3) a device for determination of
ballistic pendulum deflection, and 4) a device for measuring the
volume of the impreaGion. A projectile 4 -5 g in weight shot with
a velocity of approximately 130 msec-1 and a kinetic energy of
approxiT-,iato I y 5 It p in lit ts a up cc I men p I ace (I In a b a I I in ti r pen du I um.
The deflection of Oic lat ter determines tiie consumed enervy. Th e
velocity of the pro Jecttle is determined by compuLer nod two 1111 to
cc I 1 9 . I d,,, rii ri i (-- iia r d n e 9 !1 ( -i 1" ) - 7
T~i e o f A rm c o t ro n a t !-2 q ,
and -190C a:~i(,,un(,i ro 180, -20,), -235, and -210 HI,, t.e., it;- ~i n Q, i t n
maxiini~i-.i at -71~C. ~Ie dyniiqfc !)ardnerr. of 10KI-it42MA iv,-endr~ on
IIC~Ilt LT(~11tMC11t. 11116 11~15 Its MaXirflUrl PL -30C. 'I'lle fact that il~. 'I,
first i;icrca.,;Cs and tlicri (I(,crPaF-,cq ir. explained by the a (I a I- t c
characLer of the deformation procc.9r, and the chango. of fh 11 Ue
a f .5 PC c i f k C 11 (' -I r. Thp cause of the J ifferent behavior f, I , th
te s te d M''i te -. i a I r; 11,-In no t Nle t been re 1 1 .11) ly explai fir''! . .1 r lyn an t C
liardne !i , me a.,, urcmoi. t t; , howo VC r , ji rovi ded va I uab I P ~' I rid I i. q ou the
Ica
mechanical [!w"opertica of the material n at. high deformation rill-Vf).
These findinga will rialic posalble a more dptalled determination of
the conditiono for aliaping, by unconventional metlioda, e. bv
explosive forminf,. Orig. art. has: 0 figuren, 6 forwulan, and I table.
2/3

'ACCESSION NR: AP4041522
IASSOCIATION: VAAZ, Ostrava; VUVZKC, QBtrava
.SUB14ITTED: 27Aug63 ENCLi 00
OTHERI 004
:SUB CODE: MM NO REF SOV: 006
;
I
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atbr f
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641-644
64
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:7
21103-66 EWP(w)/T/Ewp(-t)/WP(0 IJP(c) JDIEIWIJ(;.,
AM ' M., 1P6W8679 SOURCE: CODE: - CZ/0o65/6,5P)oo/oo5/o448/o46l
~..2yepecka-; ..'Ludzila-Giiietsiai Ludmilai B sek~' Jarouir--Valushek,
tii"ir;,-:- Mazanee Karel-Mazanete,. Karel.
~OPG: W.: V7.KG-, Ostrava
~The_ effebt- 6f --metallur ical factore.on strength properties of
9.
struettiral ~Cr'~-NI-Xo steels 4af ter.:'thermo-mechanlcal treatment
SOURCE Kovov* zaterialyi-no.:3j 1905,~:448463.
Top16 ~i -al r'-stiel at uctural- wte,el- tochanic'l h
r a eat treatment,
--~Dtj ~ength-property marten-site-,'austenite
_ABSTRACT,~
In, this- study the.- of fedt.-,of produc, tibn-. technology on the
Di6p9itit8~0 an:: alloyed. Cr--4is-Mo steelrafter thermo-mechinical.treatment
--:-Vax -deter -mined In 1_cases~ veatijattdAhere was.~an inerea.e'in
-eirength P'roperities~ f ter. the. ino-wnichanical' treatment I and in: some cases
in"-, melts-. with -higher ca Ao .n conte nts),,., there,. was- also an . increase in
h elat a m ri' g
plaoticity~- T 9 r ive aximu so in,the ultimate str a th.jor given
Was measure .d-iii,*moltt,e'melted.in.-tl.,o--air -whilo-the relative
vabii.~was',miaasuied -ailtiis in -vaid, 'lum from highly pure raw
&
ilto
_Motorii%14~, This finding was explik. o& *-~_the ~ so-called dynamic effe*cts of
xswtineite plateson the boundaries:of austenito grAins. It is most likely

L 34155-66 LWP(w)/T/EWP(t)/ET1 IJP(c) JI)
ACC NR3 AFOM6039 SOURCE CODE: Cz/0034/66/ODD/003/0182/0187
AUTHOR: Chamrad, Antonin (Ekigineer); Mazansc, Karel (Profeseorl Engineerl Doctor of
sciences) '2
ORG: Klement Gottwald Vitkovice Iron Works, Ostrava (VZKG)
TITLES Effect of the open hearth furnace manufacturing process of high strength
steels ~n their Inclination to undergo delayed fracture
SOURCE~s Hatnicke liety. no. 3. 1966, 182-187
TOPIC TAGS: material fracture, Industrial furnace, steel industry, martensite steel/
30CMHA martensits steel
KBSTRACT: Formation of delayed fracture in martensitic steel was investigated on a
t6del. The cracking was found to occur mainly on grain boundaries. Strengthening of
the grain boundaries, by means of alloying elements. substantially decreases the
tendency of the steels to undergo delayed fracture. Czechoslovak steel 30ChN2YA wag
strengthened by addition of Fe-Ti, and the tapdency of fracturing was eliminated.0
Oxygen increases the tendency to fracturing. nThe importance of investigating primary
production technology of metals when attempting to improve properties of steels is
discussed. Ori&. art. has: 13. figures and 2 tables. LBaoed on authorst Eng. abstZ
,CJPRSt 36. &�1
0
SUB ODDE: 3.1, 13, 05 / SUBM DATE? none / oRiG REF, W / On REF: w
Card 1/1 -t, 'j ~ " --- -- Bmt 649-15-194.55

MAZAIWC. K.
Young human embryo Pha 11. with developing head process. Blol.
listY 31 Suppl:148-154 2 Jan 19111. (CUM 20:9)
1. Of the Institute of Embryology of Charles University. Prague
(Read-Prof. Z. Frankenberger, M.D.). Author is M.D.

I' i'--, e. ~; - i " (-, (-, , /