SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT MEDZHIBOVSKIY, B. A. - MEDZHID-ZADE, A. P.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Document Release Date: July 12, 2001
• Sequence Number: 20
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

1. ~TMZHIBER, A.M.
2. u-qsR (6oo)
4. Electric Locomotives
7. Use of electric locomotives at conmuni3t constru:-tion projects, Elek.sta. 24 no. 3, 1953.
9. Monthl List of Russian Accessions, Library of Congress, APRIL 1953, Uncl.

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00 fird) Qmwv4 that a hishvir matent of Siand Mn lcad~ ill .00
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ra INFLUENCS OF TBZ BASIC FACTORS OF OM-HURTH/PRACTICS
ON THE qUALITY OF Ang STZEL PROLUCZD IN DEEP-TIA111 FiRNACFdS*
M. godshibashokiy. (Stal, 1940. Ito. 2. pp. 11-16). (In
9Ui`stan)_.__W"u&1itY air the stool woo estimated on the basis
of the surface defeats in bloom and the presence of non-
metallic inclusioxxit detected in machiniMg. The effect of the var-
ious factors an both types of defeat was Investigated by XOO
,3
statistical treatment of nutioraus market data and by some zoo
sea i experimental heats. An inorosse in the mangano"_ and silicon 06 so
contents of the stool tended to increase the non-metallic
Inclusiam. Relatively high carbon content was favourable. too
also
**:a It was found that surface defeats and tho wo,,rronas of non-
Jr metallic inclusions varied together. Shortening the melting a,**
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..lea
74 period. and lengthening and intensifying the boiling process '409
were favourablo. The optla= carbon content after melting was saoie
1-1%. The charge for the 200 ton hosts consisted of pig Iran see
"id 7 ana eorspW%. The acdttion of are for refitting after melting woo
should equal between 2% and 4% of 1kho weight of metal charged.
t
40 0*121i The period of melting (inolvding charCkr%)#h~oula bo as short 1100
jigsaw %I-01i o's
talc" Wit GMT 94% 4#1431 0" 611
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thill b4th. M, Va. 7, Ar, -14
(1047).-The odftW aiinotifirs anti the dcc;&rburitA-
tkm in :in open hearth take placir its art atilt. det"ent in
I). Thit slows down tile openallon 011 Ilse forslaiiT anit
Im"CS"itafts the Addil. of ace And et"IsequCtItty iii-,o blue
to 4AK t tic silkewls rolvSK"Itillf. (4t It.. xv, ThewmIdn'.
re,lurt the temp. of the bath, thereby litolonging tile run
still more. Tests were carrietil tmt Oil supplying 0 to
I
he trivit fly blowing air into it. The Air waq stipplimi
'hwough oil iron pilic protecird by tile -I.,v And till).

fiwric"l ithout 'Rkt full'. below (tic ulffAcr 4 fliv mvtAl. fee
I'lic vals-A. vid. ill air irsititird was L1.4 4-ij. in. jwt Inju
I tic pfm Wis wits conshhorAbly accrICIA(cd. 111V ('Ate of
'l-arburi4ition Increased irmi 0.017 to jj.IWI~ C W
min. and the nin dwreasirtl from 5 hrt,. A min. to :1 firs. CO

A:inlin~ l1loviing"I air had a gikxl effect ALW(ml dephos- :
phorm,ii,iti 4 the unit;.l. The hin rimitrut was r"Jifted
00 in tf;U, The FeO in the A.S %v-, not Alc~tr,j
gt,stly title the Fet(h is substantially mlui,~l As coin.
1-rrd to runs vdieve ore is Added. The quality of the Steel
frinitlard the sante And iterhaps -Amtr-hat improve,f. Thr
N "lutelit ill tile ItC1.1 WAS fullill. ImIly illptifficially and
ago
"Itfultigh it.) tin'ttle Anti%. writir noti-ed further Study Is Fr.
plilt-,U *1 tic filittace itwill WAS snljj,,,i t fit grouter vAr.
bal 1111- 1.41i1 1w pfevrw-1 by milltit Clit'ller., in design.
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LLPITSKIY, V. I.; IIEDZHIBOZHSKIY, M. Yao
Mbr., Dnepropetrovsk Metallurgical Inst-'Itue, -c-19LF,
Gand. Technical Sci.
ItIrregularities in the propertLes of slag in the vat of z)asic open hearth
furnaces,tt Stalt No. 6, 1M.

~"-117VIn-C17F-SYIYj1 14. Ya.
':Ibr., Dne-r--,f-irovsk Metal Inst., -cl9lF-; rrTbr., Dneprodzerzhir,sk
Metallurgical Plant, -c1048-. "A Device for Serer&ting Slag Specimens
in a Martin Furnace at Different Depths," Zavod. lab., 14, No. 1, 1948;
"An Immersion Viscosimeter for Deteridning the Fluidity of Open-Bearth
Slag," Zavod. Lab., 14, Na. 2, 1948; "Irregularieies it, the Pr-pprtt7-0
of Slag in the Vat of Pasic Oppn Hearth Furnaces," Stall No. 6,

Irthomotousilly III slag CUT?uAilton in basic opois boatcho
I Lapll,kil ..till lit. %,I. Mrsislolmils,kil Vai S.
Hit. wa, ill
4 4adat it. ArAlum, I.'VrI' Slall
1.100ta.4, It'l... 0,A, 111111A.. V%1111 , 'Jwtial app
A.Iit, 1, -$,A JAI, it it" 4.g ..A I ll vvl, At fit,
'Atilt- little Irmp f""Iltilp orl'. made m Ih,- J.'Ic ."'I-
"Ild istriAl surfAcr, mid 014? vtw~gtv Ad Ili, -lag at file -am
pivif k-v,,[, wa. Airi'l 17114, tottil Itlickile" 'A( llic .144 a.,
till) lm? if I W It'll mill - 1,11'r 11111k Ali
A.Moslig PeAlln wheto file V
stir ,ompt" " k' , -
".111clof voinil 1A 41 l'ut 4.101111 millpfirl wrtv lakru M
its t boin it 1, e , bmit ilk.. 11i'lat
* I., tilt Aas all mirclare. tilt I, 111. IVA."I And fit,
-Ov &VITIAWd 1ltVVe-4VeW III file -Mr -111i's-11M) Ilir
F
At .4 t1tv Aalt darkelled, file lesup 'Al Ifir AMA
AIM lite 1,11 k.-ma-d rile .11fles.,11, r Ili F"4 t.
111" J~"Jj'lllj a'j'j fill, I. V'rj, "fit 111,
1-4-11111, 14 lite -1411 O"Iff4ty ill file 'Pi'll "'I till
1,414. 44 k' ~mcjalwoos mA-awd %till Ow CMI "441,
['fit, I, rNplAme'l I'v Ifir dillorli". m k%t 'lat'llily
Airfm it difuttli.11" flom t.np (At litAt"111 lAvo I'lic 1110corm. v
ill lite AN& -.opti At vatioti, Irvel, 1, f,w die it
Ili file llf,fal JA114- ,lily "Wiltil I., III.- J;~
-4dr StAllbrill At, Ow J"ll; valt I I bm,# *It.. Atilt
it... metol %I I ho-wit

jt,-;]-)ZjjjBO2'Jf3KIY, M. Yll -
)f
sior viscosimctor f",Dr J)Ctc,-Minl:q~ the
..n Immor
,,. ~t
Sla,S, ' Z:;%rod. Lobo, 14, Nc 2, 1.11"r
Dr,c-prc- Metallugical Inst., zi,-,6 Dncproczerzhi:-.sk I tol-lur6i(~Ol PI.3,-t.
petrovsk I

xxxHIBOUMY, Hiron Yakavlovich, kandidat takhalchasklkh nauk; 301010T, I.A.
N.I., rodaktor; 99AROP4. 7.D., redaktor; SILPAX,
Ye.G., toktuilchookly rodaktor.
Clast method of computing open-hearth furnace charges] Uskereanyl
method ranchota martenevokei shlkhty. Moskva, Gos.wwchx*-tekh%.lxd-
vo lit-ry po, chariot t tovelaoi metallurgil. 1955. 59 p. WaA 9:6)
(Open-hearth process)

MRDZHIBOZHSKIY,H.Ya.
Assaying technique for the deternination of ferrous and ferric
oride in solidifying slag. Zav.lab. 21 no-3:299-294 '55.
(MIRA 8:6)
1. Sibirskly metallurgicheskly institut.
(Iron ores-Analysis) (Slag-Analysis)

137-58-6-11690
Translation from Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 6, p b8 (USSR)
AUTHOR7 Medzhibozhskiy, M.Ya.
TITLE --E-mployment of Blower Air to Speed Decarburization of Metal
in the Scrap-and-ore Open-hearth Process (Primeneniye kom-
pressornogo vozdukha dlya uskoreniya reaktsii obezilgiero-
zhivaniya metalla pri martenovskarn skrap-rudnom protsesse)
PERIODICAL. V sb. Prirneneniye kisloroda v metallurgii. Moscow,
Metallurgizdat, 1957, pp 146-159
ABSTRACT- In experimental heats using a small furnace, air blow of the
metal made possible a 2001o reduction in heat time and a 25jo in-
crease in output. The rate of C burn-out, VC, was 0.05-0.010%
C ?er min. The consumption of compressed air was 10- 15
m /min, and the duration of the blow was 10 - 15 min. Com -
pressed air blow yields the same results as 0? blow. Experi-
ments run for several years at the Kuznetskiy Metallurgical
Kombinat (KMK) showed that heats may be considerably speeded
in large-capacity furnaces as well by blowing compressed air
into the bath. At an air pressure of > 4 atm and a flow rate of
Card 1/2 25-30 m3/rnin, the Vc in 185-t heats-was 0.8-1.0% C per hour.

137-58-6-11690
Employment of Blower Air (cont.)
The time required per heat was cut by I or 2 hours. The heat is also speeded
by the acceleration of the process of slag formation. The compressed air is
introduced through the roof. Minimum splash and dust results when the tu-
yere is immersed deep into the metal ~ >200 mm from the top of the slao).
In experimental heats, the fuel heat consumed on the average was lower by 25
mill. kcal per heat than in standard heats. The temperature rises during the
period of-thlt~Aqfow. A table of change in temperature during the period of a
blow is presented. The rise in temperature of the metal not only does not
lag, but actually leads the burnout of the C. The quality of the metal is not
worse, but in some respects even superior. ak is distinctly higher than in
ordinary melts. The gas contents are lower than in the usual heat. Investi-
gation of microstructure shows that the metal from heats run with injection
of oxygen into the bath is of lower oxide and sulfide rating and of finer grain
than metal from standard-type heats. In experimental heats, the yield of
first-quality rails was 96%.
1. Metals--Processing 2. Carbon--Reduction 3. Compresseq air S.L.
--Applications
Card 2/2

SOV/ 137-58-10-20559
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, ivietallurgiya, 1958, N'r 10, p 30 (USSR1
AUTHOR: Medzhibozhs
TITLE: Procedure for Dephosphorization and Complete Slag Control
Prior to Fusion in Large Open-hearth Furnaces Employing
Artificial Stirring of the Bath (Provedeniye defosforatsii 1 pol-
noy navodki shlaka do rasplavleniya na bol'shegrtizzlykh
martenovskikh pechakh pri iskusstvennom pererneshivanii
vanny)
PERIODICAL: Tr. Sibirsk. metallurg. in-ta, 1957, Nr 4, pp 69-84
ABSTRACT: Twenty experimental heats of rail steel were run in 2-
runner large-capacity furnaces fueled with a ri~ixture of coking
and producer gases. It is found that scale and ore may be
added prior to complete fusion of the bath without interfering
with energetic melting and with acceleration of the burning-off
of C and P if the amount of these additions is relatively small.
0.5-0.8% of the weight of the heat is added each time, at inter-
vals of about 15 to 20 minutes. Lime added to the unfused bath
dissolves with considerably greater difficulty. Under these
Card I/Z conditions, a pronounced increase in melting time may be

SOV/ 137- 58- 10-20559
Procedure for Dephosphorization and Complete Slag C.ontrol (cont.)
prevented by the employment of artificial stirring of the bath (by an agitator
or by compressed gas). Approximately I hour prior to complete fusion,
bauxite and scale or ore are added to the bath, and the bath is then stirred
with an agitator. The resultant fluid slag is carefully skimmed by means of
a charging box, lime and bauxite is addedland the bath is again stirred with
the agitator. Subsequent stirrings of the bath are performed after addition
of Fe-Mn (at the end of the ore boil) and of the last lot of ore (at the onset of
pure boil). The total duration of stirring is on the average 15 minutes per
heat. In furnaces kept working constantly, the duration of the melt is reduced
by 38 minutes on the average. This procedure cannot be used for furnaces
operating from the cold condition. The thermal conditions and the composi-
tion of the materials were the same as in ordinary heats. The experimental
heats witnessed a more rapid rise in (CaO), (FeO), and the basicity of the
slag. At the end of the melt, ~ PI came to 0.020-0.030%. Also observed is
a higher rate of C burn-off. The consumption -)f oxidizers, lime, and baux-
ite is identical with that in ordinary heats. The conditions of deoxidation and
pouring in the experimental and standard heats were identical. The mechan-
ical properties, the gas contents, and the yield of good material are approxi-
mately equal to those of the standard heats, and the content of nonmetallic
inclusions is lower. 1. Steel--Rrod-uct ion 2. Phosphoi-us--Separat ion 3. Slags--Contro
Card 2/2 4. 5.1ags .... Control 5. Metals--Fusior S. L.

SOV/ 137-58-7-14358
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 7, p 58 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Medzhibozhskiy, lvf.Ya.
TITLE: On the Oxidizing Capacity of Open-hearth Furnaces (0b okis-
litel'noy sposobnosti martenovskikh pechey)
PERIODICAL: Tr. Sibirsk. metallurg. in-ta, 1957, Nr 4, pp 85-105
ABSTRACT: An examination is made of problems dealing with the intensi-
fication of the open-hearth process and methods of saving fuel.
Experimental heats were run in 190 and 380-t basic open
hearths. The limited oxidizing capacity (0C) of the working
atmosphere was due to the low OZ excess. It is demonstrated
that it is possible to substitute Fe ore as the oxidizer of im-
purities in the metal (Me) by oxygen, an excess of which is
created by the delivery of blower air or oxygen into the jet of
flame. Oxidation of 1% C by ore (at 1500'C) reduces the temp-
erature of the Me by 2410, whereas oxidation of a like amount
of C by the oxygen of the flame raises the temperature of the
Me by 104', thereby permitting a saving of 75 million kcal of
heat and considerably shortening the length of the heat. The
Card 1/2 factors affecting the OC of an open-hearth furnace during all

SOV/ 137-58-7-14358
On the Oxidizing Capacity of Open-hearth Furnaces
periods of the heat are set forth, and equations for calculating them are pre-
sented. The calculated OC of open hearths of various capacities are set
forth in tabular form, as is the rate of oxidation of C when the furnace is
operated at full and at half heat input. It is demonstrated that in practice
the use of blower air as an intensifier of the open-hearth process is little if
at all inferior to oxygen blast, although at low tC j 0? will burn off the C
about 10-20% more rapidly than air blow.
M. K.
1. Open hearth furnaces--Performance 2. Chemicai impurities--Oxidization
3. Fuels--Economic aspe.2ts
Card 2/2

.,,,kandi4&t takhnicheakikh nauk.;SOKOLOV, I.A., inzhener.
Increasing the tenTerature in open hearth furnace baths by com--
pressed air blasts. Stal' 17 no.3:220-227 Mr '57. (KLHA 10:4)
1. Sibirskiy metallurgicheakiv institut i Kuznetakiy metallurgiche-
skiy kombinat.
(Open hearth furnaces) (Compressed air)

SOV/ 137-58-9- 18573
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 9, p 56 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Medzhibozhskiy, M.Ya., Sokolov, I.A., Shestakov, N.A.,
TITLE: Compressed Air Blowing of Liquid Metal in Heavy-duty Open-
hearth Furnaces (Vduvaniye kompressornogo vozdukha v zhid-
kuyu vannu bol'shegruznykh martenovskikh pechey)
PERIODICAL: Izv. vyssh. uchebn. zavedeniy. Chernaya metallurgiya, 1958,
Nr 2, pp 34-47
ABSTRACT-. A report on the resuits of 40 experimental smeltings carried
out in the 390-ton open-hearth furnaces of the KMK (Kuznetsk
Metallurgical Kombinat). Compressed air at a pressure of 3.5-
5.0 atrn gage was introduced into the hearth at a rate of 2500-
2800 m3/hr by means of two water-cooled tuyeres installed in
the crown of the furnace. The blowing commenced 1- 1. 5 hrs
prior to melting and terminated at the beginning or the mid-
point of the pure "boil" period. In the course of the experi-
mental smeltings, the rate of decarbonization becaine consider-
ably faster, the dephosphorization process more efficient, and
Card 1/2 the content of FeO in the slag increased by 6% at the end of the

SOV/137-58-9-18573
Compressed Air Blowing of Liquid Metal in Heavy-duty Open-hearth (cont.)
melting stage. Instead of 1.0-1.5'C/min, as in the case of a standard smelt-
ing process, the temperature of the metal increased at a rate of 2.0-2.50C/
min; this made it possible to reduce the consumption of conventional fuel by
an average of 7 kg per ton of ingots. In the process the degree of utilization
of 02 contained in the compressed air by the molten metal is increased by a
facto r of 4-8 owing to the increased supply 02 from the atmosphere of the
furnace. Compressed-air blowing at a pressure of 5.5 atm gage is equiva-
lent in efficiency to blowing with pure 02. The duration of a 390-ton melt-
ing process was reduced by 38 minutes on the average. The amount of dust
being evolved during blowing does not exceed I g/m5. No noticeable wear
was observed in the furnace lining. Overoxidation of metal in the course of
the blowing process was absent; at the same time the content of N amounted
to only 0.00331o. The finished metal contains H, 0, N, and slag inclusions
in quantities analogous to those contained in standard metals. Mechanical
properties of the steel were not impaired.
V. G.
1. Open hearth furnace--Performance 2. Metals (Liquid)--Processing 3. Compressed
air--Applications
Card 2/2

130-58-4-10/20
AUTHORS: Medzhibozhskiy, M.Ya., Candidate of Technical Sciences,
L.A. , Engineers.
TITLE: Effectiveness of Blowing Compressed Air into the Bath of
a Cold-charged Open-hearth Furnace (Effektivnost' vduvaniya
szhatogo vozdukha v vannu martenovskoy pechi pri skrap-
protsesse)
PERIODICAL: Metallurg, 1958, Nr 4, pp 17 - 19 (USSR).
ABSTRACT: The proposal to blow compressed air into the bath of
open-hearth furnaces was made in 1939, when trials were run at
-the "Krasnyy Oktyab2" Works. These (and later ones at the
Ku--rLetski,7 metallurgichesk-1kh kantLnat (Kuzn-_hsk Metallurgical
Combine) ) showed that production increases of 15 - 20 and
8 -- 10% could be obtained thereby on 10 to 30-ton and over
185-ton furnaces, respectively. The authors discuss this work,
explaining the action of the injected air to be that of stirring
the bath and thereby facilitating contact with the hot furnace
oxygen. They cite work at the above and also at the Serp, t
Molot Works to show that air blowing is advantageous with cold-
charged furnaces, giving as illustration details of one
experimental heat at the Kuznetsk Combine carried out by
Medzhibozhskiy with the participation of I.A. Sokolova and
Cardl/3 M.M. Bazhenova in 1954 (Figure 1). The authors refer to

130-58-4-10/20
Effectiveness of Blowing Compressed Air into the Bath of a Cold-
charged Open-hearth Furnace
development work on the process at the Serp i Molot Works
on 70-ton cold-charged furnaces carried out with the
participation of engineers Ya.L. Rozenblit, G.V. Sviridov,
L.A. Smirnova and A.D. Zaytseva, which led to the adoption
of the method in 1951. This work showed compressed air to be
as effective as oxygen and since 1953 air has been used
preferentially. Analysis of results shows that with a
blowing time of 30 - 40 minutes, the chajgng-to-tap time is
reduced by about 40 min below the unblown value (Figure 2).
Decarburisation rates are about the same as with oxygen
blowing, the value of the ratio (oxygen for carbon-oxidation)/
/(total oxygen blown into the bath) being 1 - 1.5 for oxygen
and about ? for air. Long experience at this and other works
shows that steel quality (including nitrogen content) does
not suffer through air blowing, and the decrease in furnace
life through splashing, etc. is not great. The use of
lagged lances has increased lance life and enabled immersion
depths to be strictly controlled, thus mini-mising splashing.
There are 2 figures and 2 tables.
Card 2/3

130-58-4-10/20
Effectiveness of Blowing Compressed Air into the Bath of a Cold-
charged Open-hearth Furnace
ASSOCIATIONS: Sibirskiy metallurgicheskiy institut (Siberian
Metallurgical Institute) and the "Serp i Molot" Works..
Card 3/3

18(5) PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/2858
medzhibozhskiy, Miron Yakovlevich
intensifikatsiya martenovskoy plavki-v-duvaniyem kompressornogo
vozdukha v vannu (Intensification of the Open-hearth Process
by Means of Compressed-air Blast), Moscow, Metallurgizdat, 1959.
172 p. Errata slip inserted. 2,500 copies printed.
Ed.; V. P. Tunkov; Ed. of Publishing House; L. V. Yablonskaya;
Tech. Ed.: A. I. Karasev.
PURPOSE: This book is intended for personnel at research institutes,
for metallurgical engineers, and for advanced students.
-COVERAGE: Theoretical principles of intensifying the open-hearth
process with compressed-air blast are explained, calculations for
the intensification process are presented, and various methods of
introducing oxygen and air into the bath are described. Inform-
ation on experimental heats, together with technical and economic
data on the intensification process, is also givan. No personal-
ities are mentioned. There are 97 references: 77 Soviet, 15
English, 3 German, 1 French, and 1 Italian.
Card 1/4

24(8) rRA-3Z I BOOK ILXPLA31TATIOII SOV/2117
aoYeshcho.nire PC skaperinentallnoy toichnike I motodam vyackCtespera-
turaM isoledoTanly, 1956
Rkspenna6tallnija takhnika I noted Laslodovanly pri vysoklkh too-
Paraturakhj trUdy soveShChanlya Experimental Techniques and
r
athodo of investigation at Hig%aperaturea; Transactions of the
Conference an Experimental Techniques and Methods of Investigation
at High Temperatures) Moscow, AN SSSR, 1959. 789 p. (Series:
Akadeal" nauk SSSR. Institut motallurgli. Konisslya PC fixiko-
Ith'alchaskin canovas proizvodatva stall) 2,200 copies Printed.
Asop. 24.s A.M. Samarin, Corresponding Member, USSR Academy of
3clonceal Ed. of Publishing Houses A.L. BiLnicyltaer.
YURPOSEs This book Is Intended for metallurgists and metAllurgleal
engineers.
COVERAGIt This collaction of scientific Papers IS divided Into six
PRrt43 1) thermodynamic activity and kinetics of hixh-tearerature
Processes 2) constitution die ram t dl a 3) physical proportion
at liquid metals and sLaga 41 ncw2a=;t1ca1 methods and pro-
auction of Pura metals 5) pyrometry, and 6) general questions.
For no" specific coverage, see Table of Contents.
V. MONSTRY
ST~t# D.Ya. Modern Itadiatlon Pyrometry 546
Budnlts=.,A-A- 0-0c0upl.. far Measuring High Temperatures 5,63
Seem Th
SultabLi YPOD f thermocouples wars Investigated for their
Ity for use at high temperatures (mostly in the 1700-
2-1;00' C rang
040 Of plao)' The most eatlsfectOrT tYPOS-VOTA found to 1.
th tinum and rhodium alloys tfOr us:.Ln the 1300-1850-
C rang*)- An Advantage of th hGfm0C0uPl 10 the stabil-
ItY Of their thermoelectric ce:rat
h Gtoriotles in an Oxidizing
taQsPhQrG, an inert-gas atmosphere, And In vacuumi a reduc-
aing Atlftmaphors~ however, Is harmful to this type of therm,
couple.
Tot, D.TA., and Ys. S. Lipin. Tag?-2M Automatic Photoelectric
tical Pyroaster
Syti~_Qr. To. Z. ?ezparature Measurement in Vacuum Malting 580
hlbozhaki;l R.Ya. Us* of Submerged Thermocouples for Doter-
in Temperature of the Open-hearth Bath During the
of Compressed Air Through the Natal 586
Measuzromeento of metal temperatures with a thermocouple made
It possible to show that In the blowing of comproosed air
through the open-hearth bath the rise In temperature Is more
rapid than In ordinary boiling and takes place In proportion
to the acceleration In the rate of carbon combustion, The
onation of carbon during the blast takes place primarily
as result of the oxygen absorbed by the bath from the atmoo-
pharo In the furnace (heated to about ITOO'C), which assuras
a substantial heat effect and a sharp glee in the temperature
of tho motal. With a blast of 12-15 aJ/ain and a pressure of
3.5-4.0 &to (gauge) the rate of Increase in the temperature
of tbe metal amounts to about 3'/xin-
-4

MMZ.H,IB.O.ZHSKIT, M.Ta., dote.. kand.tekhn.muk; KORDCHKIN, Te.l.,
Frothing of open-hearth furnace slags . Izv.vys.ucheb.zav.;
chern.met. 2 no -8:39-44 Ag '59. (RIBA 13:4)
1. Sibirskiy metallurgichaskiy institut. Rokomandovana kftfedro7
metallurgli stali Sibirskogo metal lurgi cheskogo inatituta.
(Open-bearth proceas) (SlM)

MEDZHIBOZHSKIY, M, YA*q Ooc TECH Scit At INTENSIFICATION
OF THE MARTIN PROCESS BY FORCING COMPRESSED AIR INTO A
blAk p
Mill o SVERDLOVSK9 1960. (MIN OF HIGHER AND SEC SPEC ED
RSFSR. URAL POLYTECH INST Im So M. KIROV). (KI-9 2-61t
206).
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A16l/AO30
AUTHORS: f4edzhibozhskiy, M.Ya.; Zinov-1yev, V.T.; Geyneman, A.V.
TITLE: The Effect of Some Factors on the Carbon Burning Rate in the Open-
Hearth Furnace Bath
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Chernaya metallurgiya, 1960,
No. 6, pp. 47 - 53
TEXT: Most authors consider that the oxidation of carbon in the open-hearli
bath is limited by diffusion links, but some point out that it may also be limit-
ed by heterogeneous chemical reactions on the boundaries gas-slag, slag-metal and
metal-bubbles. The question of in whatregion the process takes place, diffusion
(limitation by diffusion links) or kinetic (chemical links) can be answered by
determining the effect of the temperature on the speed of the process. With rel-
atively slow chemical reactions the process rate will change with temperature in
accordance with the Arrenius equation E
K = Ko e RT (1)
where K is the constant of the chemical reaction rate; Ko the so-called preexpo-
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A161/A030
The Effect of Some Factors on the Carbon Burning Rate in the Open-Hearth Furnace
Bath
nential factorj e the base of natural logarithms; E the activation energy,
cal/mol; R the universal gas constant, 1.986 cal/mol OK; T the absolute temper-
ature, OK. 'It follows that
4.575 lg
E -_ I - 1 (2)
Tj T2
K, and K2 are constants of the chemical reaction speed at Tj and T2 temperatures.
The process is in the kinetic region if the activation energy value is high (>
r50,OOO Cal/mol), and in the diffusion region if it is relatively low (>30,000
cal/mol). The authors studied over 400 heats in 380 and 190-ton open-hearth fur-
naces firing mixed coke and generator gas; temperature was measured by means of
a submerged platinumrhodium-platinum thermocouple. Over 1,200 carbon oxidation
rate values were determined (vC) at different temperatures (tM) and C content In
metal. The relations shown were verified by mathematical statistic methods. The
effect of the C content in metal, of the specific surface area of the slag-metal
boundary, and the quantity of oxygen was also studied. The results are illustrat,
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A16i/Aw
The Effect of Some Factors on the Carbon Burning Rate in the Open-Hearth Furnace
Bath
ed by diagrams (Figs. 1, 2, 3). The low activation energy proves that the proc-
ess is in the diffusion region. Low activation energy values in the steel de-
carbonization process had also been obtained in laboratory experiments by S.I.
Filippov (Ref. 1) and in shop experiments by P. Vallet (Ref. 7, Iron and Steel,
1955, No. 11). Conclusions: 1) The carbon burning rate does not depend on the
carbon content in metal if % C>0-3%. 2) The effect of the temperature of the
metal on the carbon burning rate is not strong at superheating above the liquidus
point > 200) and corresponds with the apparent activation energy of the decar-
bonization process amounting to 15,000 - 22,000 cal/mol. This means that the
process takes place In the diffusion range. 3) The decarbonization rate depends
on the intensity of oxygen feed into the bath and is not limited by any of the
heterogeneous reactions on the boundary's gas-slag, slag-metal and metal-bubbles.
4) At % C