SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT MIKHAYLOV, G. P. - MIKHAYLOV, G. S.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001034010011-0
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 13, 2001
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

4 L
5- k 600
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AUTHORS: Mikhaylov, G. P., Sazhin, B. 1.
81975
5/07 60/02 9/07, C 5/ 004
B0?r'f'1B0P
TITLE: High-molecular Dielectrics
PERIODICAL: Uspekhi khimii, 1960, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 664-861
TEXT: The aim of the authors was to illustrate some laws governing the
electric properties of polymers on the basis of own results and those
published by other research workers. Attention is devoted chiefly to
dielectric losses and polarization studied in dependence on the structure
of high-molecular compounds with respect to chemical composition,
stereochemical structure, amorphous and crystalline states, and also to
the cha acter of thermal motion, since the electric properties of the
polymer4are largely dependent on zhe last-mentioned characteristic.
In the chapter dealing with dielectric losses and polymerization of
non-polar polymers, the dependence of the dielectric constant El, the
square of the refractive index n2, and the dielectric loss angle tang
D
on temperature 4nd frequency (Fig. 1) for amorphous polystyrene, the
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High-mol-ecular Dielectrics S/07 60/029/07/03/004
B020~M68
temperature dependence of El and tan8 for atactic and isotactic
polyetjyreneej~Fig. 2), of &I and tanS for low and high-density
pLl2ethylenes'land polytetrafluoroethylene 4-41 F-4) (Fig. 5). the
dependence of tang of high-and low-density polyethylenes on the
concentration of the strongly polar )C=O groups ~Fig- 4), the
temperature dependence of tang for polypropyleneq(Fig. 5) and poly-
ethylenes at 3.109 cps are graphically shown. In Table 1, densities of
non-polar polymers, their measured E,'-values as well as values of
molecular polarization calculated from these densities and the
refractions of bonds are given. The last column of this TaDle shows
differences found between the experimentally determined and calculated
polarization and refraction values. In the chapter dealing with
dielectric losses and dielectric constants of polar polymers, the
temperature deperx1ence of V_1 and tang for polyparachlorostyrene (PPCS),
polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymonofluorotrichloroethylene (~ -5(F-3))
(Fig. 7), and three crystalline polyesters (Fig. 8), of tang for
styrene - methylmethacrylate and styrene - methylacrylate copolymers
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High-molecular Dielectrics S/074/60/029//07/0/'/O()4
B020 /BG(,;~
(Fig. 9), the frequency dependence of tang for 8tyrene - methyl-
methacrylatexpolymers (Fig. 10), the temperature dependence for
acrylonitril - butadieneA(26:74) and acrylonitrile - styrene (28:72)
copolymers, of the relative volume changes for styrene - methyl-
methacrylate copolymers (Fig. 12), of f-' and tang for a polystyrene -
benzylbenzoate mixture (Fig. 13), of tan& for a mixture of grafted
polymers and homopolymers of acetobutyrate cellulose with polymethyl-
methacrylate (Fig. 14), for polyethyleneterephthalate with nylon
(Fig. 15), and the dependence of the logarithm of frequency of
maximum tanS for dipole-elastic and dipole-radical losses on 1/T
(Fig. 16) are graphically shown. In the chapter dealing with electrical
conductivity and breakdown of polymers, the time dependence of the
logarithm of the current flowing through the polymer with U - const
(Fig. 17), the temperature dependence of volume resistivity of PVC
plasticized with 4.5% dioctyphthalate (Fig. 18), the dependence of the
logarithm of volume resistivity of low-density polyethylene on 1/T
(Fig. 19), the dependence of loggvol - 'f(l/T) for polyvinyl acetate,
polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl formal, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl
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ethylal, and polystyrene (Fig. 20), the dependence of the electrical
conductivity of polyethylene and polymethylmethacrylate on 1/T (Fig. 21),
and the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of
polyvinyl alcohol, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinylchloroacetate,
chlorinated high-density polyethylene, mica, polystyrene, high-density
polyethylene, and polyisobutylene (Fig. 22) are graphically studied.
A. F. Ioffe is mentioned. There are 22 figures, 2 tables, and 46
referencea; 26 Soviet, 12 US, 6 British and 2 German.
ASSOCIATION: Institut vysokomolekulyarnykh soyedineniy Akademii nauk
SSSR (Institute of High-molecular Compounds of the
Academy of Sciences, USS ). Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy
institut polimerizatsionnykh plastmass, Leningrad
(Scientific Research Institute of Polymer Plastics,
LeningradT
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21136
JS-bO 22rA,1172 ~ 0_Q,10 1043, IL111 8/19 61/003/004/011/r,14
B1 01 X207
AUTHORS: Kabin, S. P., Malkevich, S. G., Mikhaylov, G. P., Sazhin, B. I.
Smolyan8kiy, A. L., Chereshkevich, L V.
TITLE: Study of the dielectric losses and polarization of some fluoro-
plasts
PERIODICAL; Vyeokomolekulyarnyye soyedineniya, v. 3, no. 4, 1961, 618-623
TEXT; This paper studies the effect of crystallization upon the dielectric
constant E and tan 6 of the dielectric losses. Substances with the following
parameters were studied:
Substance: Denotation d2001 9/cM3 E, 105
00C cps,tan 6, 105
cps, OOC melting
point, OC
polyvinylidene flu-
oride F-2 1.86 7.0 0,19 180
copolymer from tetra-
fluoroethylene and
fluorovinylidene 1:4 CF-1 1.86 6.4 0.18 145
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S/19 611003100410111C,14
Study of B1 01 YB2C7
Substance: Denotation d2009 g/CM3 6, 105 cps,tan 6, 105 melting
C)OC cps, OOC point, OC
ditto, ratio CF-2 1.91 a.6 0109 16o
1.2
ditto, ratio CF-3 1.98 8.0 0 08 205
1:1
k and tan 6 were measured between -1500C and melting point of the polymer at
frequencies of 5-1o7 cps on 0-1-0-5 mm thick samples according to a method
described in Ref. 4 (G. P. Mikhaylov, B. I. Sazhin, Vysokomolek. soyed.,
1, 9, 1959; Zh. tekhn. fiz., ?1, 2186, 1955). The maximum error was less
than IVlo. Fig, I shows Z and tan 6 as a function of temperature. The
maxima occurring therein which are caused by relaxation, were also observed
when tan 6 was a function of frequincy. Since tetrafluoroethylene has a
symmetrical molecule with small dipole moment, the increase of E and tan 6
in the copolymers, is due to the polarity of vinylidene fluoride. Three
ranpes of dielectric losses owing to relaxation were observed. 1) hi,7h-
frequency relaxation at CF-2 and CF-3 in the range of from -180- -1000C
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23-136
Study of
S/190/61/003/004/011/014
B101/B207
(maximum of tan 6)1 2) medium-frequency relaxation in all substances investi-
gated in the range of from -5D- +500C , and 3) low-f requency relaxation at
+100--+2000C in all substances. Experiments carried out with hardened CF-3
showed a falling of high-frequency relaxation and a rise of middle-frequency
relaxation as compared to the non-hardened polymer. Fig. 4 shows the
frequency of the maximum of high-frequency and medium-frequency relaxation
as a function of I/T. The discussion of the experimental data led to the
following conclusions: 1) The dielectric properties in the rance of from
100-2000C cannot be explained by relaxation only. The structural transforma-
tions must also be taken into account. 2) The maxima of low-frequency re-
laxation lie close to the melting point of the polymers concerned, thus due
to thermal motions in the crystalline phase. 3) The dielectric losses de-
crease with the degree of crystallization of the copolymers. 4) OrientationY
of polymers, i.e., increase of the degree of crystallization, may be ac-
cotapani3d by a considerable increase of C. There are 4 figuree, I table,
and 11 references: 6 Soviet-bloc and 4 non-Soviet-bloo. The 2 references
to English-language publications read as follows: M. E. Convoy ot al.,
Rubb. Age, 1-6, 543, 1955; A. H. Willbourn, Trans. Faraday Soc., JA, 717,
1958-
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MIKHAYLOV, G-.,P.; IORANO~, A.M.; SHEVELEV., V.A.
Temperature dependence of the dipole-elastic relaxation time of
polymers. Vyvokom.soed. 3 no.5:794-7c/7. Yq 161. (MIRA 14:5)
1. Institut, vyookomolekulyarnykh soyedinenly AN S SSR.
(Polymers)

MIKHAYLOV, G.P., doktor fiziko-matematichoskikh nauk
Electric properties of polymers. Zhur.VKHO 6 no.4:404-431 161.
(KERA 14:7)
(Polymers-Electric properties)

25219
S/074/6 I 'O3O/O07/'3O','SC 1
115.3 5*0 BI 17/'B215
AUTHORS. Mikhaylov, G. P., and Borisova, T. I.
TITLE: Study of molecular relaxation in polymers by the dielectric
method
PERIODICAL: Uspekhi khimii, v. 30, no. 7, 1961, 895-913
TEXT: In the present paper, some conclusions are drawn on character and
mechanism of relaxation on the basis of publications on the examination
of relaxation processes in polymers by dielectric and mechanical methods.
The relaxation observed by the dielectric method is characterized by the
fact that the energy of the electric field applied to the polymer sample
is mainly distributed by relaxants with polar groups. The molecular re-
laxation observed by the method of dielectric losses and polarization can
be classified into two basic types: relaxation of polar radicals or of the
monomer member of the macromolecule, and relaxation of the same radicals
together with sections of the main chain, i.e., relaxation of sections
This was found for polymers of different structures: linear, ramified,
structures with links in the chain, partly crystallized, and completely
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31/~~,7 4, ;1 1 j.1- - 'Q, U,_ 7 ZOO 1 i'~ 0
Study of molecular relaxation in B117/B21L)
amorphous structures. Usaally, it is assumed that the one type of relaxa-
tion in relation with the mobility of lateral polar radicals, the so-called
dipole-radical losses, can only be observed within a certain temperature
range which corresponds to the glass-like state of the polymer. The other
type of relaxation, the so-called dipole-elastic losses, can only be ob-
served in polymers above vitrification temperature. In the case of poly-
methyl methacrylate, the authors succeeded in observing dipole-radical
losses at temperatures much higher than those of vitrification (Ref. 2:
Polymer Sci., 605 (19~8); Ref. 3: ZhTF, 28, 132 (1958)). Hence, it
may be assumed that dipole-radical losses are by no means restricted to the
glass-like state of polymers since they have also been observed in the
-ubber-like state of polymers. Dipole-radical losses reflect the relaxa-
tion process caused by the motion of lateral polar groups. The main chain
remains immovable during the examination, If the period of the applied
field is long enough, dipole-elastic losses are observed at certain temper-
atures. They are due to the Joint displacement of sections of the main
chain and of polar side groups, i.e., they are related to the thermal
motion of sections in the polymer. There are hardly any differences be-
tween the relaxation processes in ramified and nonramified polymers, This
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S/074/61/030/007/0(~1/001
Study of molecular relaxation in B10~/B206
me ans that the ki neti c uni ts are much sho rt er than the di a tanc es be tw e en
the points of ramification, and thus do not affect the mobility of the
sections. According to publications, the relaxation time T of dipole-
elastic losses is prolonged by an extension of the polymer sample which
causes an orientation of the main chain. Probably, this is no general rule,
The change in the chemical structure of the monomer link of the polymer
chain has an even higher effect on dipole-elastic losses than on dipole-
radical losses, In this case, the introduction of polar and unpolar
groups takes effect, which may be added direct)y to ti.e :rain chain or to
a lateral radical. In recent papers, much attention has been paid to the
spectrum of the relaxation time. 'I
unfortunately, the possibilities of
applying this method are restricted to those cases vvhere the shape of the
distribution function of the relaxation time is iniependent of temperature.
This is a prerequisite for tnis method. The effect of the structure of the
macrochain on molecular relaxation becomes evident in the examination of
dielectric properties of copolymers. '"he elasticity of the macrochain and
also the character of molecular interactions may change if the percentage
of the one or- the other component of the copolymer is changed. This was
observed durinv the examination cf 1(-lectri(, losses and polarization of
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5 '074/61/030, O~J-,, OC'
Study -)f 7.olecular relaxation ii. B 10 '1/B 20 6
copol~mez s, methyl methacr~ I ate e, i tr. .9 tyrene (Ref. I , :T. i, bc:isova,
P - M i k t, ay 1 c v , Vy s o k o mo I . s o y e d16 5. t) 7 49 9ar, d T, e t hy I
acrylate Aith styrene (Ref. 20: P. blikhaylov, L. V. Krasner, "hTF, 26,
1738 '1956)). The examination of molecular relaxation in isotactic poly-
methyl methacrylate and polystyrene by t.,.e method of dielectric losses
showed that the steric regulari ty of the chain greatly chariFes the re-
laxation roperties cf polymers (Ref. 25: Authors, Vysokomol soyed , 2,
619 (1960 ~). The temperature- and frequency dependences of dipole losses
were studied in polyester on the basis of diane and some aliphatic and
aromatic acids (Ref. 24: ~;. P. Mi,