SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT NIZHEGORODTSEV, N. N. - NIZHNIK, A. T.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001137310007-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: January 3, 2017
• Document Release Date: August 1, 2000
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

8(0) SOY/112-59-1-996
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal. Elektrotekhaika, 1959, Nr 1, p 131 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Krest'yaainov, A. G., Vedyayev. Yu. M., and Nizhegaradtaev, N. N.
TITLE: Electrical Pickup for Short-Delay Blasting
PERIODICAL: Byul. tavetn. metallurgii, 1957, Nr 11, pp 26-Z8
ABSTRACT: Delaying the action of an electric detonator can be achieved by a
thyratron timer associated with a chargeable capacitor. The charging time
can be adjusted within 0. 0 1 - 0. 07 tec by 7 series -connected resistors. The
pickup is AG supplied at 120 or 220 v, 70 w; its dimensions are 25 x 35 x 15 cm,
weight 4 kg. The pickup circuit diagram is presented, as well as the method
for, and re"Es of its calibration and checking. The operating error found by
tests is + 10%. In open-pit work. the blasted area was increased from 2. 5 to
5 m, uniuitable-size pieces were cut to one-half. explosive consumption was
reduced, and safety increased.
G. 1. S.
Card 1/ 1

SMIOVATSUri, A4 ff1ZHwMnMMU-t-F-; MTTN"-P ALI; VIUMVICH, re,;
CHERTUMv T.; UTrROVjq ft.
In the oil regions of our country,
33 U. 062o
indiastry)
Reftlanik 7 no,1:30--
(KM 15:2)
(Petroleum

NIZHEGCRwfmvj F.
L friendly collective. Neftiani-k 7 no*9,129 3 162* (KMA 1647)
(Azorbaijan-Oil well dri-I'Llne;v I'llubmartne)

MURIGMOM, P.
UMCMA gdS PIPOILVA* KOftl(Udk 8 n*,6f2j A '63*
(Mn 16112)
1, Treat Asmarneftestroy,

NIZEMCRODWITI, T.A.
Role of color fA factoriesm K"hinostroitall nosIot24-26 160.
(NIU, 13: 10)
(ftatory nuagemant)

RIVILGOROMSEV, V.,, Inzh.
Technical aesthetics and the culture of production. SoV.
profsoiuzy 17 no.15:28-30 Ag 161. (KM 14:7)
1. Gosudarstivennyy proyektno-takhnologicheakLy i ikuperiwntallnyy
iwtitut "Orgstankinprom0g, rukovoditell proyakta IcKulltura mashinos-
troiteltwjkh predpriyatly".
(Industrial hygiene) (Labor productivity)
(Color-Physiological effect)

NnImmomazyr
KeebanIzing the cleaning up of industrial, areas. &sbin"traitell
nc..1:37-39 J& 962. (KM l5tI)
(yGgtgr)WS-V4A*&snance and repair)

KUZWNt V.V.t Inzh,;;,KI2=ROWA="X--A.q insh.
~ __ RRR
Technical trends in the improvement of the argmization of production
in machLnery plants. Vast.mashinoatr. 43 no.9:77-W Ag 163.
(MIRA 16:9)
(Machinery industry-Managewnt)

ff='SK1rj F. re.
H1ZHM'SX17,, P. Ye.t *The content of gases In a liqttAd matal bath during the
malting of the furnace charge in a basic open-heatth furnaco". Sverdlovsk,
1955. Min Higher Education USSR. Ural Polytechnic Inst inmeni S. M. Kirov
(Dissertations for the degree of Candidate of Technical Science.)
SO: Kniziinaya Lotools' No. 50 10 December 1955. Moscow.

137-58-5-8870
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiyd-, 1958, Nr 5; p 17 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Nizhel'skiv. P.
TITLE., The Influence of Carbon on the Solubility of Hydrogen in Iron
Carbide Alloys (K voprosu o vliyanii ugleroda na rastvorimosV
vadoroda v zhelezouglerodistykh splavakh)
PERIODICAL- V sb.: Fiz. -khim, osnovy proiz-va stali. Moscow, AN SSSR,
1 1957, pp 534-539. Diskuss. pp 650-655
ABSTRACT: The investigation was performed in a vacuum device. Porce-
lain and alundurn crucibles were employed in the melting pro-
cess. An ingot weighing 50-70 g and containing a specifted
amount of C (02-5%) was placed into a reaction tube which was
then evacuated for 1.5 hrs. The evacuation continued until 2111 of
the metal had melted. At this point HZ was introduced into the
device in order to clean it out and to effect a reduction of the
ferricoxides (three times). After another evacuation, during
which the temperature of the melt was kept constant, H? was in-
troduced once more in order to saturate the melt. The furnace
was turned off 5-6 minutes after equilibrium was attained. Ex-
Ca rd 112 periments were conducted under various pressures (ZO-500 mm

137-58-5-8870
The Influence of Carbon (cont.
Hg), the melt being maintained at a temperature of 15500C. It was estab-
lished that the solubility of H decreases with increasing concentration of C
(particularly starting at 1.5% C). A tendency toward increased solubility of
H was observed when the C content exceeded 4.3%. The rate at which H
dissolved increased with increasing C content. The shape of the solubilily
curve of H in Fe-C alloys is similar in nature to the liquidus line of the Fe-C
system.
Ye.T.
1. Hydrogen--Solubility 2. Iron alloys--Applications 3- Iron carbide allcys
--Solvent action 4, Carbon--Applications
Ca rd 2/2

UM1311r, P.T., daktor tekhn.nsuk prof.; KMOUXIM. X.2., icand.tsidinnauic,
dots.; NIZMIL(SXlr. P.T*.. ksnd.t~kbn.nauk
-- -.1-b
Iffect of early elog forrattan on hydrogen content in the
metal during the open-hearth process, frmdy Ural*polltekh.
Inst' no.75:7-19 159. (KM 13:4)
(S;sel-Hydrogen content) (Open-hearth process) (slag)

S/276
/63/000/002/012,1052
A052/AI26
AUTHORS t Pan'shin, I.F., Bershteyn, L.I., and Nizhollekiyj P.Ye.
TITLED The second stage of austenite decomposition and properties
of steel after refinement
PERIODICkLi Referativnyy zhurnal, Tekhnologiya mashinostroyoniyal noo 21
1963, 56, abstract 2B240 (Izv. Kurganskogo maghinostroit.
in-ta, 1, 1962, 77-01)
TUT The -dependence, of toughness and hardness of 30X2H2M (30Kh2-
lfm~~t!De 1-on-the-hardening-tomp(.~ature-and-on--tomperature-and--dural.- ion- of _-
tolaperihg was investigatedi -Forhardening, 10 x 10 X-55 mm, samples were
haated during 15 min in an electric furnace having temperatures of 890,
920 and 950OCp and they were cooled in calm air. By the magnetometric
method it has been established that austenite decompouition begins at
4204300C and ends bolow the martensite Point of 31000- Some samples were
oil hardened. (after heating to 8900C) for comparison. The hardness of air
and oil-hardened samples was HB338 and HB477 respectively. High tempering

Card I
6/276 63/000/002/012/052
The second stage of.-austenite ... A052/A126
~includijig hoating time. 'After tampering the samples were oil cooled. The
toughlneso:waa determined on samples at -400C. Curves of'the dependence of
stoel hardness on temperature and duration of tempering (after air and, oil
hardening) were plotted and tables of toughness and hardness are presented.
As a result of the investigation it has been established that the formation
of bainite structure in the procasa of hardening contributes to the in-
crease of the amount of residual austeni~.a the decomp
--- g- at __c'-_40_0__ qsition of which leAds--.-
C. As a result of hiFh

C.ara 2/2.'.
L 1302-66 EWT(mi/EWA(d)/T/EffP(t)/EWP(z)AW(b)/EWA(c) IJP(C)
f-Acc Ni'Al"FUU11608 SOURCE CON: UR/0148/65/0001-0i-2/6fil 0121'
AUTHOR: Nizbellskiy P, Ye.; Fsa'sbin, I. F.
ORGz Kurgan Machine Building: Institute (Kurganskiy washinostroitelInyy inatitut)
TrrLl;: Scallng resistance and structural state of qhromigm PaWnese stee"4
SOURCE: 1VUZ. Chernayo-metallurgiya, no. 12, 1965, 116-121
TOPIC TAGS: metal scaling, crystal structure, chromium a.teal, manganese steel,
Ai I"t'sAl )A'ItAL~A~41tl`l 14't&Q -increasing ~Lgniflca ched
ABSMCT.- Considering the fihortage of nickel, an
to the development of new gradef of stainless and heat-resistant a teal A., ~mlrc'h Hi P~,~
is completely or partial4y replaced with other alloy elements. In-aicaFive of

bin-e- __ ----- -- - - - -_ -U k'46%1-
in,, gcol
SCA11118 reel
rial of fu ~4nce with high-qem optimally com.- --
tial of fu
Mace ffStings. In thii Perature strength in the steals used as the Mate.
stance o
a connection# the authors investigated the scaling re-
sistance of 91921 Cr-Mn steel (0.6% C, 17Z Cr and 0.5Z si) and other steels as a
feuinction a
function of-ji~j -content.and the ambient medium. S"ling resistance was determined by
I
LSS!~d 1 /2
L IjO72-66
ACC NRI AP
heating anoealed and degreased specimens in muffle furnaces at 700. 850 and 10900C for
2, 4, 8, 24, 48, 86, and 100 hr, and, after cooling, weighing them in order t4 deter-
mine from their weeight gain the oxidation rate as a function of heating tiMeXrorro-_
sion resistance was determined by heating the specimens for 100 hr at 1000*C in a S02
aLmoaphere. The otructural state of the speciuens was estimated by tuagnatometric sea-
surements, metallographic analysis, and measurements of hardness and microbardneset
the steels containing 0-13% Mn haveamixed structure consisting of Ct- and -y-solid so-
lutions. Above 13% Mn, the structure is represented by the y-solid solution alone. It
13 at this transition point from ot- to -y-solid solution that the goo corrosion is the
omallent, which is why a 13% Mn content way be considered optimal. Thus, the scaling
resistance of viedium-carbon Cr-Mn steels is determined not only by their chemical
composition but also by their structural state. in this connection, it is worth
noting that the 13% Ma content of 91921 type steel is highly euitable. Orig. art. has:
2 tables and 6 figures.
SUB COM' 1l/ MM D&TRI l5jul64/ ORIG.Rat 007/ OM REVi 000
2/2
~-669-!15-194t 6i;a- -jtt

SOV/137-59-3-7088
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal. Metallurgiya, L959, Nr 3, p 30' (USSR~
AUTHORS-. Ipat'yev, V. V., Nizhel'skiy, V. F., Vladimirova, M.G.
TITLE: Atmospheric Oxidation of Cobalt and Alloy of Iron With 1376 Cobalt
(Okisleniye v. vozdukhe kobal'ta i splava zheleza s13076 kobal'ta)
PERIODICAL: Tr. Leningr. lesotekhn. akad. 1958, Nr 80, part 2, pp 47-56
ABSTRACT: The authors investigated the kinetics of atmospheric oxidation of Go
in the 700-12000C temperature range and of an alloy of Fe with 1350
Co (1) in the 600- 11000 range by the method of periodic weighing of
specimens without removing them from the furnace reaction tube.
It was found that the oxidation of Co and I is subject to a parabolic
law. Micrographic investigations revealed that at 900, 1000, and
12000 Go scale consists of COO with small inclusions Of C0304
grains of secondary origin. The I scale at 10000 consists of the
three following layers: RZ03, R304, and RO.
0. M.
Card 1/1

3 019
lob, //,S_0
S/137/6 2100010021 10P11 4
A060/Al0l
MY-MOPS. Viadimirova, M. G,, Nizhellskiy, V. F.
Oxidation of molybdenum and its alloys with iron In an air
PERIODICAL% Referativnyy zhurnal, 14etallurgiya, no. 2, 1962, 81, abstract 2155,0
("Nauchn. tri Leningr. lesotekhn. akad.", 1961, no. 92, Pt. 3,
105 - 115)
TEX"T The oxidation of Mo in the temperature range 350 - 5500C proceeds
basically aecording to the parabolic law.. Oxides forming on the-14o,in the.course
of oxidation in air consist of K602 and KoO The process of oxidation of Fe-Mo
alloys containing 5 and 10% Mo occurs acco~~Jng to the parabolic law and the tem-
perature dependences of the processes may be expressed by. the,equatlaas,
and
log K 39-685/4-67, T 7 44 (for the 5% alloy)
log K 40,535/4.57 T + 8.04 (for the 10%'alloy)
V(
The scale on Fe-Ko alloys with 5 and 10% Ho under oxidation In air (700 - 9WOC)
Card 1A,

S1 I 37/6Z/0OO/C0?/1O 1/14
A0601A 10 1
AUTHORS: Nizhel'akiy, V. F., Vladtmirova, M. G.
TITLE: On the problem of oxidation of cobalt In air
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurglya, no. 2, 1962, 81, abstract 21548
("Nauchn. tr. Leningr. lesotekhn. akad.", 1961, no. 92, pt.3,
117-119)
TM- In the course of oxidation of Cc covered with metallic Au, the
layer of Co oxide which forms in air at 800 - 950 0C grows on account of Co
diffusion (by 72%) and on account of 02 diffusion (28%).
Authors# summary
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 1/1

vV,ef r0 L 05121-67 EWT(--1)/EW['(0/C'r1 tip(c) j v/RW"V P,
ACC NRI AP60089-5 SOURCE COLE: UR/0O8o/66/rj39/oo8/i66q/iY63
AUTHOR: Nizheltalkly, V. F.; Vladiairova, M. G. //
1-40M.P" --- 411
ORG: Leningrad Forestry Engineering Acadegr im. S. M. Kirov (Leningradskaya
lesotekhnicheskequ akademiya)
0 0
TITLE: Oxidationi"of cobalt in sulfur dioxide and carbondoxide gas at high
temperatures (I
SOURCE: Zhurn&l prikladnoy khimii, v. 39, no. 8, 1966, 1689-1693
TOPIC TAGS: cobalt oxidation, sulfur dioxide corrosion, carbon dioxide corrosion,
gas corrosion, high temperature 01, tion
ABSTRACT: Specimens of 99.9%-pure electrolytic cobalt were tested for oxidation
rosietance in sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide at 600-1100 C. The oxidation rate in
aPfur dioxide was found to be parabolic and substantially higher then that in air
o4 in carbou dioxide (nee Fig. 1). The oxide layer formed In sulfur dioxide at
7�0-950C consists of cobalt oxides and sulfides (C04 SO. The layer formed at
t' I over 600 C :strongly adheres to the base metal. The sulfur content in -
treratures
layer formed at TOOC., amounts to 10.1h% and in the layer formed at 900C , to

L C7 7
AP6030695
61%. Oxidation in carbM dioxide at 900-1100C follows a linear rate. The
Meweswo 16' 7~0*
Viv
Fig. 1. Temperature dependence of cobalt oxidation
rate (mg/cm2-hr) in sulfur dioxide
1 In air; 2 in carbon dioxide 3
oxide laVer formed In carbon 4ioxide is a thin M14 consisting of Co 0. Orig. art.
his;_ 9 figures. Cw..4. Siw:j,
SUB COZE 139' U/ SUBM UATC: 2Tjun64/ ORIGEEF: 003/ OM REF: 004

I - -1--ld- -
NIZEMO, V. I. YEREMEWO V. K... and 1V1ZHCM?dCO,, YU. N.
"Measurement of Surface Tension in Metals U-sing tne Stationary
Drop Method" a paper read at the International. HetaUurgistsl
Conference', Moscow 26-30 -runs 56
SO: CS-3,302,240, 11 Jan 57.

SOT/24-58--7-31/36
AUTHORS: Yeremenko, V.N., Ivashchenko. Yu.N.,-_Wizhenko, V.I.
and Fesenko, V.V. (Kiyev) '
TITLE: Determination of the Surface Teasion of Metals of the
Iron Family (Opredeleniye poverkbnostnogo natyazheniya
metallov semeystva zheloza)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademil& nauk SSSR, Otdeleniye teldinicheskikh
nauk, 1958, Nr 7. pp 144 - 146 (USSR)
ABST4CT: The authors point out that wide discrepandes 6xist in
1, the published data on t,"e surface tension of iron
(Refs 1, 2) and nickel (Refs 3-5) and that only one
investigation has been made on that of cobalt (Ref 5).
They describe an invedtigation in whJGh the surface
tension of these metals (loss than 0.01% impurity) was
measured by two methods.' In experiments by the recumbent
drop method the drop was supported on pare alumina,
beryllia or magnesia in a water-cooled quartz tube with
suitable screening. Heating was by induction with a
graphite element, temperature measurement by a prexiousl-a
calibrated optical pyrometer to an accuracy of 20 C.
The apparatuB. shown in Figure 1, was provided with &a
Card 1/3

SOV/24-58-?-31/36
Determination of the Surface Tension of Metals of the Iron Family
optical system for photographing the shadow of the drop.
Tests were carried out in vacuo and also in purified
helium and hydrogen. The surface tension wasalculated
with the use of published tables (Ref 6). The reliability
of the method was checked by determining the surface
tension of aluminium and good agreement with published
data was obtained. A second series of determinations was
made with the bubble-pressure method (Figure 2). A
beryllium capillary was used, allowance being made for
wall 8hickness. Ketal temperatures were measured to
4+ 10 C with a type Ts11IIChM-l tungsten-molybdenum thermo-
Fouple. Purified helium &ad hydrogen were used to form
the bubble. T4e results obtained by the two methods at
1 470 - 1 650 0 are tabulated, showing that the accuracy
of both is about 1#5%. There are 2 figures 1 table and
12 references, 3 Uf which are Soviet, 6 English and
3 German.
Card 2/3

SOY/24-58-7-31/36
Determination of the Surface Tension of Metals of the Iron Family
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov
AN USSR (Cermets and Special Alloys Insti.tute,
Ac.Sc., Ukrainian SSR)
SUBMITTED: October 17, 1957
Card 3/3

at Hit
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Mal IN a;1
All INS
a IN!,
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HA
Nam's !grit
i: ev 4;i:1a -fl i- V-I Sal E
I.. M.t~; 'r

S/081j61/000/024/014/0e6
B138/B102
AUTHORS: Yeremenko, V. N., Nizhenko-, V. I., Ivashenko, Yu. N.
TITLE: Stationary drop me'hod of measuring the surface tension -f
metals of the iron group
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Khimiya, no. 24, 19619 94, abstract
24B690 (Byul. In-t metallokeram. i spets. splavov, All USSR,
no. 4, 1959, 65 - 71)
TEXT: An apparatus has been designed "or the measurement of surface
tension a of molten metals, both in a vacuum and in protective atmosplv7r~:,,~,
using the stationary drop method and h-f heating up to 17500C. L, Was
determined for aluminum in a vacuum and in a helium atmosphere. The
results are in agreement with published data. Within the limitations
experimental error, estimated at 1 5%, the h-f field did not influercp tir-
a value of molten metals under the conditions used in this case. a was
measured for metals of the iron group.IAbstracter's note: Complete
translatio I
Card 1/1

60967
0 o s/i8o/60/000/03/021/030
AUTHORS: Yeretnertko, V.N. , Nizhenko'E+W81n8A' Tay Shou-Vey (Kiyev)
TITLEIi Surface Tensionlof fiquid Berylli _ V7
PZRIODICALs Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR, Otdeleniye tekhnicheskikh
nauk, Metallurgiya i toplivo, ig6o, Nr 3, p u6 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Large grain size and the columnar structure of cast
boryllium cause difficulties in machining of this metal.
Since addition of surface-activo substances in one of
the methods used in grain refining, determination bf
the surface properties of beryllium and its alloys is of
considerable practical importance. Taylor (Ref 2),
using a semi-empirical formula, calculated the surface
tension of beryllium at its mdting point to be
2
1 620 erg/cm . The object of the investigation described
in the present paper was to determine surface tension of
beryllium experimentally., using the sessile drop method.
The measurements were made at 1 500 'C on refined -5
beryllium, 99.984,0" purity, melted in vacuum (5 x 10 mm Hg)
in berxilia crucibles. The density of beryllium at
1 500 C was determined from the dimensions of the drop,
Cardl/5 photographed at that temperature and from the weight of
e

80987
S11SC1160100010510211030
Surface Tension of Liquid Beryllium
the metal immediately after ~h-it experiment and was
found to be 1.,42 41. 0.04 C/cm . - The surface tension
of beryllium at 1 500 'C determined in thits way was
2
1 100 +-55 erg/cm The calculated value olue to Taylor
is 30% higher than that determined experimentally. If
the change of densit between the malting point of
beryLltum and 1 500 9C is taken into accommt, this
difference is reduced to about-Z512' and becomes even smaller
if the temperature dependence of the surface tension is also
taken into consideration. However, even then the calculated
and the experimental values differed by about 10%.
~Although the present authors were unable to determine the
oxygen content of beryllium, after their measurements,
they believe that the quantity of oxygen absorbed from
the beryllia crucible could not be excessively high; if
it is assumed that the affect of oxygen ort surface tension
of beryllium is similar to that on the atrface tension of
other metals, the value obtained by the present authors
Card2/3 is lower than the true value but the error probably

83666
S/073/60/026/004/004/008
.410 0 Bo$0054
AUTBORS: Yeremenko, V. N., and Mizhenko, V. 1.
..b-
TITLE: The Influence of CarbonvIon the Surface Tension of Liquid
balt and Yickej~ls Well As Their In's
1jqo v rface Tension
With Aluminum Oxide .--I
PERIODICALs Ukrdnekly khImicheskiy churnal, 1960, Vol. 26, 170~ 4,
PP- 423-428
TEM, As there are no data in publications on the influence of carbon
on the surface tension of liquid cobalt and nickel, the authors measured
this tension In liquid metals and alloys and the wetting angles at high
temperatures (1550-i6oo0c) in vacuo or in protective gas. Inductive
heating by much improved apparatus (as compared with Ref, 1) was used
for this purpose. figs. I and 2 show this apparatus schematically. The
vacuum was produced by a vacuum pump of the type1jBfi -100 (TsVL-100);Iand
a forepump of the type MH -20 (RTM-20 PTable 1 compares the autho'ral
data for the surface tension with data in publications (Refs. 4-6),
Fig. 3 shows the isothermal line of the surface tension In NL-C alloys
Card 1/3

83666
The Influence of Carbon on the Surface Tension of S/OT5/60/026/004/004/008
Liquid Cobalt and Nickel As.Well As Their Inter- BO16/B054
face Tension With Aluminum Oxide
at 155000t &a& Fiff. 4. the isothermal line of 0-adsorption in liquid
nickel. In weakly surface-active substanaes, the laotherm&I line of Fig.3
follows well Shishkayakiyts equation. The curve of Fig, 4 was obtained by
differe nti&tion of this equation and introduction of tho values of ?d-r
~ -0
in Gibba(a adsorption equation for ideal systems. The Laothermal line of
the surface tension of Co-G alloys is shown in Fig~ 5. Ldsorption Increwes
linearly with the concentration within the concentration range investieafe&
Prom; a coaparisoit of the influence of carbon an the surZace teasion of
nickel and oobaltf the authors conclude that carbon in liquid nickel is
more surf&~e-aativw than in liquid cobalt. Finally, the authors calculmtei
the adhesion energy w and the tension er at the interface
a solid-liqu
between liquid matal and solid aluminum oxide for IR-C and Co-C allo7s
(Table 2). There are 5 figures, 2 tables, and 12 references: 4 Soylet~ I
British, an& I German.
Card 2/3

S/07 3J60/026/005/009/019
0c) B004/Bo63
AUTHORS* Yeremenko, V. N. and Nizhenkop V. I.
TITLEs Wettability of Aluminum Oxide by Heans of Liquid Tin-
Titanium Alloys and Their Interfacial Stress on the
Boundary With Aluminum Oxide
PERIODICAM Ukrainskiy khimicheakiy zhurnal, 19609 Vol. 26, No- 5,
pp. 605-608
TEM In a previous work (Ref. 2). the authors had found that an admixture
of 0-083 % by weight of Ti lowers the surface tension of tin at 3000C from
539 erge/cm2 to 155 ergs/cm 2. An Sn-Ti alloy containing 0.2% of Ti has a
wetting angle that is much smaller than 900. This may be of practical in-
portance when soldering ceramics with ceramics or metals. From this point
of view the authors have studied the effect of adding Ti to Sn on the
"tress on the Interface between the Sn alloy dnd solid oxide (Al 203).
Using the date of Ref. 2 on the surface tension (Y liq of Sn-Ti alloys, the
Card 1/0

86457
Wattability ofAluminum Oxide by Means of S/oT3J60/026/005/009/019
Liquid Tin-Titaniua Alloys and, Their Inter- E004/B063
facial Stress on the Boundary With Aluminum Oxide
wetting angle and the surface tension 6 ad or solid Al 203 which was
set equal to 1050 ergo/cm.2 according to Ref- 4P the interfacial stress was
calculated from the relation T int , C a-a coo 9 (1) - At 3000C, the
ad q
following values were obtained for an increase in Ti concentration Cs
Go g-atom/1-104 (Y liq , erg/cm2 degree 6i.to erg/cm?-
0.00 539 .140 1465
12.86. 292 149 1300
0-53 155 146 1190
This effect was, ascribed to a reaction with oxygen. Though the concentra-
tion of 0 at 1o-4 an Hg does not affect the surface tension of Sn, the Ti
2
admixture acts as a getter and adsorbs oxygen which, in turn, lowers the
surface tension. The iridescence observed Is also Indicative of a reaction
with.oxygen. Experiments with a Ni-Ti alloy in hydrogen, have shown that
Card 2/4

URDMO,, V.N. (Kiyev); NIZMMO, V.I. (Kiyev); NAIDIGH, Yu.V. Wyev)
Surface tension of cert~An molten intermetallides. I zv. AN.
4SSR. Otd. tekh. nauk. Met. i topl. no.3:150--154 My",Te 161.
(HM 24:7)
1. Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallvqkh splavov AN USSR.
(Surface tension) (Intermetallic camponds)

24655
S/076/61/0 351006100 7/013
B127/B203
AUTHORS: Yeremenko, V. 11. anJ Nizhenko, V. I.
- - I--- - - ----------
TITLE: Effect of titanium admixtures on the surface tension of
nickel and cobalt and on their interfacial tension with
aluminum oxide
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal fizicheskoy khimii, v. 35, no. 6, ig6i, 1301-1306
TEXT: The present paper deals with the effect of titanium admixtures on
the surface tension of Ni and Co, which metals are used in powder metal-
lurgy as binding agents for titanium carbide, titanium nitride, or
titanium boride. The surface tension is determined by the method of the
drop lying on a horizontal base. For the alloys, 99.99 % pure Ni and Co,
as well as titanium iodide with less than 0.07 % impurities, were fused
together in the are furnace. The tables of Bashforth and Adams in a
modified form were used to calculate the surface tension. Besides, a new
table was compiled with the values 4iin direct dependence on x/z of the
drop (Fig. 1) at ff -600. The function Ras 0 b2/0(2x)2. The surface
tension a was calculated from 6 -1(2x)~ fg. The error of measurement saa
Card 1/0

21655
S/07 6110W55100610071013
Effect of titanium admixtures on... B127PB203
3-5 %. in the system Co,To,Al 203' the study was conducted in vacuum at
1010-4 mm Hg and 16000C. The titanium content w%s 1.96 %. Titanium
admixtures of 0.23 9-atom/1 and more showed no effect on the surface
tension. With 0-05 g-atom/l Ti, the inter5acial tension at the boundary
Cc -A120 3dropped by more than 1000 erg/cm . The adhesive power increased
simultaneously with the reduction of interfacial tension. Thus, a
considerable interaction between alloy and Al 203base took place. In the
system Ni,Ti nd Al203' the same results were obtained as for Co. At a
vacuum of 1-;Oa-4 am Hg, the specimen was always covered with a thin, but
noticeable oxide layer during the experiment. The same phenomenon
appeared in the case of BeO instead of Al 203 as a base; likewise, in
higher vacuum obtained by freezing the vapors of the oil diffusion pump
with liquid N 2* On addition of Ti, a reduction of the Hi surface tension
was observed. All this changed abruptly if the experiments were made in
H2 atmosphere. in this case, no activation by Ti on the interface Ni- gas
was observed. The interfacial activity increased at the same time. The
Card 2/6

S/07pn/035/006/007/013'*
B
Effect of 'titanium admixtdres on ... B127 B203
same occurred by melting the specimen in H2 medium, 'and subsequent separa-
tion of H 2 by evacuation. In the system Sn, Ti, Al 20Y a high surface
activity of titanium was observed at the interface of the liquid Sn. This
effect is explained 15j the adsorption of 0. Te a!-due4 from the vacuum by:Ti.
0 causes the surface activity. Adsorption of Ti at the metal -Al 0
2 2 3
interface. In the Ni and Co system, Ti develops higher interfacial
activity due to high formation energy'of the lowest Ti oxide. With the
use of the Gibbs adsorption equation, the excessive Ti concentration at.
the interface metal -Al 0 was calculated.(by graphical differentiation of
2 '3
the curve). Fig- 4 shows-the results for Cc -Ti and Ni -Ti on A12 031 orn
the maximum of the curve, the corresponding thickness of the adsorption
layer is' 2-7-10- cm. It is assumed that the lattic*e nodes occupied by
0 Ions are the active centers of adsorption of Ti atoms on the Al .203
slirface. In maximum adsorption, every Ti is bound to an 0.' The authors
mention joint papers by V. 27. Yeremenko with Yu. V. Kaydich and
Card 316

24655
S/07"61/035/006/007/613*--
Effect of titanium admixtures on... B127X203
A. A. ITosonovich: ---lektronika, no. 4, 136, 1959; Zh- fiz. khimii, 34,
1186, 1960. There are 4 figures, 2 tables, and 11 references: 8 Soviet-
bloc and 3 non-Soviet-bloc. The most recent reference to the English-
language publication reads as follows: Kingery U. J. Amer. Ceram.
Sog. 37, 42, 1954.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov (Izfititute
of Pozder Metallurgy and Special Alloys)
SUBTNTITTED: , September 25, 1959
Fig. 1: Diagram for'calcialating the
surface tension from the form of the
drop.
4!
Card 4/6

5/07 11/096/004/004/0"
102P/3116
AUTHORS t Iterevianko. 'V.N.,, Hishanko. V.1"F rayt.-Nel., and
Bogatyrenko# BeS,
TITLEt Surface tension of liquid alloys of binary metalia syn-
tems having maximum on the liqddus curve
'kiy khimL
PERIODICAL.* Ukraine chaski
-y zhurnalg Y~280 na*4j 19620
500-505
TEM The surface tension and the density of liquid, alloys of nick-
el with aluninum at 35400C and nickel with beriliuK at 150000 were
determined, It was found that the formation of the alloys in the
studied ayatems, Iff accompanied, by chemXaal interaction which eama
decreasing of volume and neeRtLve deviation of the Lootherm of the
a eLrie volumes from the additive vftluese,
T91oo analogy botwein the t%,pe of diafTms surface tenaion/oomponit-.
Ion and the diagnim of state is stated., The oompound. NiBs, la Ln-
active toward botba the components of the eyattita' Tha~ dompound NiAl

ACCESSION NR: AT4030795 8100001631000/0001009710109
Ysrammko,, Ve K.; Yjx
TITLE: Surface properties of nickel based alloys
SOURCE: AN WSSR. Xnatitut matallokeramiki L spat6is1'ny*kh splavov.
Poverkhnostqy*yi yavIt4ya v rasplavakh L protsessakh poroahkovoy metallurgii (gur-
face phenomena in liquid metals stud processes In powder metallurgy). Kiev,
Tzd-vo AN MrSSR's,1963.# 97-109
TOPIC TAGS surface property, nickel based alloy, powder metallurgy, infusible
surface,p nickel, slumimun oxide, surface tension, binary alloy,, copper co-ataining
alloy
ABSTRACT: The resulte of the investigation were compared with diagrams of condttions
for the sama aystems . The authors concLuded that the isotherm of surface tension
for alloys in a system with inorganic solubility in the goLidl, as well at the liquid
state, was given by AukhovitakiyCs. equation (A. A. ZhukhovitskLy, ZhFKh, voL. 19,
1944, p* 214) for an ideal solution (nickal-copper). ra the binary liquid systems
examined, the component with the leace surface tension, had an active surface rela-
tive to the second component, The lowering of the surface tension in these systems
racticaLly ceased In a composition which corresponded to the monotectic point
E
ard 112 - -

ACMSSION XR: AT4030795
coordinate (nickel-silver). Surface tension in a nickel-chromium, system was studied
and the isotherm of the surfaca tension showed a very slight deviation of the sur-
face tension in alloys from the additive val-eg. It was established that in systems
with maxima, on the fusibility curves corresponding to the congruently matting
electron compounds having an electron concentration of 3:2, extrema points in
form of a maximum (nickel-beryllium) or a point of bend (nLckel-alum1num) Vere
tected on the isotherms; of surface tension. In the nickeL-tin system, such poinl-s
were not detected although the isotherm in the region of the composition of the
electron compound NilSu having an electron concentration of 1.75 had an abnorn.-.1
path. Orig. art. bas:~ 12 figures.
ASSOGIATION: Inatitut matallokeramiki i spetsial'ny*kh splamov AN OkWR(rnstittuta
of Pawder Hata3larirland Spealil'A.Uoysp' W4 UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: 23Xav63 DATE ACQ..- 16Apr64
SUB CODZz HL 50 REF 6cwt 019 Gas

IF'REWNFOO V.N.; M141ENKO V I
I - I.-I -A-- 4~ ~ #
Surface properties of Ki-Au-&1203 liquid alloys. Zhar,neorg.khlm,
8 no.9-.2124-2127 S 163. (MIRA 16:10)
1. Institut metallokeramiki i spetsialtnykh splavov AN UkrSSR.

YEMCKOI, V.N.; NIZHERKO V.I.
Surface properties of nickel-baaed liquid alloys, Part 1. Effect
of silver-an the surface tension of nickels Mrs Was shur, 29
no.lltll57-1160 t63. (1URA 16:12)
1. Institut metallokeraniki i spatsialinykh splavov AN UkrSSR.

ACCZSSXM Us AP402=1
A=Oltt WiIhIAMAT-10;Yermankoevow,
TZTLE: Oct the gutfaca active additions in liquid ustals
SOURCE: Poroshkoveya satallurgLya, no. 2. 1%4. 11-18
TOPIC TAGS: liquid setal, addition, surface activity, sublimation, matting tm-
perature
ABS7P-4=: In this paper the authors discussed the criteria of surface activity.
The differences in the specific heats of gublimation of the dissolved substance and
solvent, as well as the differences of full potential barrierg,.are proposed as now
criteria. They graphically present relationships between the specific beat of sub-
11mation, and the matting temperature of the metals, the specific heat ~-f sublimation
and the hardness of the metolsp the total potential barrier and the free surface
energy, the totat potential barrier and the molting temperature, and the total po-
tential barrier and hardness. Properties of tha elements used for evaluating ths;
reliabilitr of tha criteria of surface activity in the matal systems are presented
in a table. This rallability was. checked by experimental data of over WO metal
systems. 7ha beat criteria proved to be the dif f=ence, between. tha free surface
CG(d 112

ACCZSSXOX XRt "AM019201- .......
'ener&iex, fuU potential barriers and specific beats of sublimation of the dissolved
substance and the solvent. To verify. the reliability of the criterfts it is nec"a-
ary to obrain experimental data- and ewura for the purfty of the x&t0TfAIS Used.
orig. art, b"t I tablet I figures and 3 fb=wlas.'
ASSOCrATXONt Mastitut problm naterfalovedenlya Alf SM (Lotitute, of Natal
Behavior Problms. M 880)
D= an: 2"Se" UM& 00
ffoaa=: IGAug"
;a= C=z In IV 2"t 0:13 O=S 0%

lug MP.501su!"W"Mram
ACM=ICK XR: AIAW1975
.....................
TrffZ: Surface pro rties or liquid alloys based ott nickels
I* The EL-ft-AIL2 03systmo
SMCZ: Ukrainskiy khinicheskiy zhurnal, vo 50'r no* 2., 196ko 125-M
TOM TAM: livid nickel alloy,, nickel tin alloyo metallocerandcal, surface
property,, surface tensiong density, density temperature functLonj, speciffe volums,
Isotherm
nickel, surface tension temperature function., tin,, surface active
adatives N'yof NL,, Sa2p caplilai7 propertr.. refrutorys, nickel tin alumina
systen,, wetting abilityp refractory wetting
ABSITAM: Surface properties am very significant In the processing of mt&Uo-
cerandcas ExperimentaL studies vere therefore sift of the surface properties of
UWd allnp based on nickel. at the interface with the gas pbase and with the
interface in contact with the surfaces of refractory materials., The density and
its dependence on temperaturG of Liquid, alloys of the Ki-ft Wateu were determined
The apecific volume isothern of these alloys at 30 end 1%* C shoved a 810"icaut
1/5

ACCMr09 M: AAM1975

deviation fre- additive values. Tbe.di~qLty-tewpemture relationship of liquid
NL Is approximated by the equation: r = T. 78
- 0.0006(t-IA55) go/cO. The surface
tension of Ki was 'determined in the L50047W 0 temperature interval; the surface
terision-temperature relationship is described by the equation: cc 17k5 - 0,54
(h-15W)erC7cn?. Por On the vurface tengion-toemperature functiom is described by
9 a 510 - o.oqe(t4W)erg[4~~.-Tlie surface tension at L500 C of various &U,0yS
(including NYk and '(Yn~ ), oi the Ift-Sh systen was also determined. The devia-
tion or the surface tension-concentmtion, isothem frost tbe isothem for an idesa
solution is explained by the retention#. im the liquid state, of groups of atows
corresponding to the lu'Wroatal1ide ft,~n* Ttq effect of the addition of up to
-1.0% On ou the surface tension of Kip and on its Interphase tension at the inter-
face with. A1205 we Investigated; Sh in .smaU anounts is a surface antiv* additive,
The watting of AJ~Q 5 with liquid K-ft allo7a was determined by measuring the angle
Of QMtANt 0 R A1205o .2he capillarr proper Los of these Ni-ft ALloys mw deternIzied

7-:7 -
ACCMIat NR9 AA021M
W wasurim tbo =Cie or cont4wt on Ai2o The capiliary pr%m jes or anew
KlAs allop at 15M 0 st the interfam vith A1205 %vn eslaW&W. ftft. afto
b"t 7 figums, 1. tabla and 5 eqmtims.
M=U=: rwtLtat tUte Of
Not4alocarmfta *Ad ftec ~U~.s AX UkrSM)
BUNU=t _L 25ftt6i MW ACqt ogApr& =M: 00
610 CM: M# pg.. NN Mwe ow: Ms
M=t 005

9- SOURCE COD -u[ U V
ACC NR, AR603540
AT11MOR: Nizheako, V. I.; Yeremenko, V. I.; Sklyarenko, L. L
:;TIT : Use of the lying drop method to determine the surface energy and density of
liquids, that vat the subatrate material
SOURCE; Ref. zh. Metallurgiyao Abs. 9A51
IZEF. SOURCE: Sb. Povarkhnostn. yavlaniya v resple-vakh i voznikayushchikh iz nikh
tvard. fazaYji. NaVchik, 1965, 211-215
TOPIC TAGSi surface property. liquid property, surface energy, fluid dennity mca3ure-1
Izent, calciura fluoride, copper
ABSTRACT: It is shown thet the lying drop method can be used fox- an exact determina-
tion of the surface energy and density of liquids by forced formation of a sy=ctric&l~
!drop of the wettinG liquid on a substrate even at contact angles 1033 than 45'- "he
, -ethod vr-3 verified on CaF and Cu. Mn data obtained agree with the earlier dater-
im 2
;minations. 4 illustrations. Bibliography, 11 titles. (From M Fiz.) [Tranalatioa
o-' abstract]
SUB CODE: 20 11
Card

ACC NRt AR6035403 SOURCE; COM URIG13TI66100010091AOOTIAOOT
AUMORt Yeremenko, V. No*, Hizhenko, V. L; SkIyareako, Lo Z*
LIT10t Surface properties of chrome-nickel alloys
SOURCE: Refo, z4o Hetallurgiyal Abso 9A44
We SOURM Sb, Poverkhaost, ymvleniya Y rasplavakh i Yoznikayumhchikh Lz nikh
tvard, fazakh. Mallchik, 19659 297-301
IMPIC "LAGS: surface property, surface tensicag uichrome alloy, temperature
molten metal
ABSTRACTI: The surface tension a and the density of nichrome alloys were investigated
by the large-drop method in e. helium atmosphere as a function of the temperature and
concentration. 7he chromium reduces the a of liquid Nil especially when the chromium
content exceeds 10 at*%@ A minimum, is observed on the isotherm of a at concentrations
near 50 &to% Cro A study vas made of the temperature and time dependence of the con-
tact angle when Al 0 is wetted by molten nickel or Cr-Ni. The best adhesion charac-
teristics in the FrZIL melt + A120 system is possessed by nichromes containing up to
30 &t,% chroaLum; with ftrther Inclessi of tile chromium contento the temperature at
which the contact angle becomes minimal increases. Therefore nichromes containing up
1/2 uDc: 669.2412"54s532.61.

NRs AR0354oa
to 30 at.% of chrcmium are the most suitable bladcro in cermets of the Ke-Al 0 type
up to 1550*. 5 illustrations, Bibliography, 9 Utless As Granovskayme
of-abstract]
SO CODE: 206 11
Card

92
AUTHCR: 'r4remenkop V. N. (Kiev); Nizhepkp,.j. I. (Kiev); kU4-&--inko, L. I. (Kiev)
ORG: none 6
TITIZ: Surface tension d density of molten alloys of the system Mi-Ga and their
miscibility with Al sEr%nO sub 3
SOURCE:. AU SSSR. Izvestiya. Ketally,.no. 2, 11766, 168-192
TOKC TAGS: surface tension, molten metal, nickel alloy,, gallium alloy,, aluminum
oxide, alloy phase diagram,, metal property, specific density, specific volume
ASSTRACT: Thi's report shows that a the thorn of tree surface oaergrl~
(Cr ) or molten alloys of the ayateuql-,&~A/There is a clearly pronounced
point or LarLection correaponding4-compositiod to the Congruently molt-
ing intermetallide MiAl. (kiliumila an anaxag or aluminum and therefore
it was of interest to atudy- the surface properties of the Hi-CkL system and
,to compare them with the phase diagram.
The toxperature and concentration relationships of the density or
Alloys in the Ki-as system were determined. rt was established that
~speciftc volumes of alloys bothia the molt-on and In the solid 4tat-es, dirfor
.sharply from additive YLIUSS.
The temperature s,ad concentration relationships of the free Aurface
energy or molten alloys in the KL-G% system were studied.
It was shavu that the isothsrm.pl4~~tad from experiment4L da,tL pmases

ACC N" AR7000856 SOURCE CODE: UR/0058/66/000/009/EO111EOII
AUTHOR: Yerernenko, V. N. ; Nizhenko, V. N. ; Sklyarenko, L. 1.
TITLE: Temperature dependence of the free surface energy of molten iron
SOURCE: Ref. zh. Fizika, Abs. 9E92
REF SOURCE: Sb. Poverkhnostn. yavleniya v rasplavakh i voznikayushchikh iz
nikh tverd. fazakh. Nallchik, 1965, 287-292
TOPIC TAGS: temperature dependence, molten metal, carbonyl iron, free
surface energy, surface energy
ABSTRACT: The surface tension (a) of molten iron in the 1540-1750C tempera-
ture range is measured by the lying-drop method. The object of the investigation
was carbonyl iron, annealed in hydrogen at 1000-1200C and remelted in a 10-
zrm Hg vacuum. Consideration of all possible measurement errors leads to the
expression a-*1Mt2A4.23i:0A # -W4) . The thermodynamic
characteristics of the molten iron surface are corriputed from the data of a and
dolar . A. Vertman. [Translation of abstract] INT)
SUB CODE: 20/
,,,d I / I

aU (1) GD
AT6020 -tbJURCE CODE: UR/0000165/000/000/0155/0160,
AIJTHOR: Hizhenskly,, A# Do- S. S.
Khrlzman,
OM: Institute of Zlectrodynamics, AN UkrSSR (Institut elektrodinamiki. AN UkrSSR)
TITLE: Design of a temperature stabilized reference voltage rource using a Zener
d1ode
S,NRCE: All Ukr9SR. Preobrazovaniye I stabilizatsiya elektromagnitnykh protsessov
(Conversion and stabilization of electromagnetic processes). Kiev, Naukova dumka,
1965, 155-160
TOPIC TAGS: voltage stabilizer, Zener diode, temperature stabilization, thermistor,
voltage reference
ABSTRACT: A design procedure for a temperature stabilized voltage reference circuit
is given. The addition of a compensating circuit to a Zener diode considerably Im-
proves its pqrformance as a voltage stabilizing element. rigure 1 shows the circuit.
The reference voltage is developed across the Zener diode D. The emitter follower us
ing transistor Q1 Is driven by the reference voltage. The input impedance of the
emitter follower Is high and the output impedance Is low; thus the loading on the re-
forence diode is much reduced, as is the effect of the external load across the out-
put of the emitter follower. The perfamance of the reference diode can be expresred
Card 1/3

-Q7201-6 ~
.C.C ATW-~&
U
Fig. 1
in terms of the stabilization coefficient
KU, which is the ratio of the relative
change in the supply voltage to the relative
change in the reference voltage. This co-
efficient can be given In tares of ctx-%;---!t
parameters as
K = Ra 0 R d+ R3
U "d + R3
-Where R. is the dc. resistance of the Zener diode, and Rd is the dynamic resistance of
the Zener (20 ohms for the particular unit). Under given conditions, Ku turns out to
be 500, 1. a., a 20% change in supply voltage (nominal 16 volts) causes 0.04% change
in the reference voltage. The experiments indicate that the primary error sources du
I iDg the operation of the stabilizing circuit are the dependence of the reference
voltage and the emitter-to-base voltage of the transistor on the temperature. By
adding a thezmistor R to the emitter load, these errors can be effective ccmpen-
ly
Card 2/3

r r7201-67
ACC NR.- AT6G20430
sated for. The following expression for stabilization of the output reference volt-
age U, Is derived:
AUA RzRgAR,
U, (R, + Rj I R4 (R, + R, + Rt) + R. (R, + R,)l
For given values of RZ .,RT and.R4, the value of 1~ can be calculated assuming a desir-~
ed value of voltage stability. This circuit was tested over a te-,uperature range of
10 to 500C and proved to be stable within 0.02% over the total range--an improvement
by a factor of 160 over the performance of an uncompensated circuit. Orig. art. has:
16 formulas, I figure.
SUB CODE: 09/ SUBM DATE: 260ct65/ ORIG REF: 006
Card 3
11b

ACC NRt AP7004255- SOURCE CODEt UR/0432166100010021002810030
LUMORS xiqniv~ IL 1). f Khrimang S. S. (Candidato of * technical sciences)
MG: none
TITLiCa. Righ-accuracy ss=lconductor stabilizer
SOURCE: Makhanizatsiya 1. avtomatizat iya uprarleniya,-no. 2, 1966, 28-3D
TOPIC TAGS.- zeniconductor -- bi - current stabilizerg current stabilization
ABSTAAM Tho developement (at the
Institute of Electrodynamics, AH UkrSSR)
of a high-accuracy current stabilizer
based on a voltage-regulating S1 (Zener)
diode is reported. The distin 1sh'
features or the circuit used rsee f,
igure
are: (1) A high-input-'resistance emitter
follower is employed as a load of the
Zener diodel this enhances the stabilira-
tion factor of the circuit; (2) A
temperature compensation of the reference
voltage In the output circuit of the
emitt,ar follower to used; the compensation
112
UDCc 621-316-722.1:621.382

ACC NPs AP7004255
circuit is designed froK temperature characteristics of the Zener diode and the
eaitter follower. rn the figaret I - controlling transistors 2 and 3 - two-stage
transistorized, amplifier, 4 - emitt4r follower# D - voltage-regulating DWS St. diode.
Experimental datat Voltage variation of 0.02 is caused by a temperature variation
of 10-5W; stabilizer error, of 0.1% is caused by a supply-voltage variation of
:t 20%; a load variation of 0.1-150 ohms causes a stabilizer error of 0.03%; after
a continuous 10-hr operations the stabilized current differed by t 0.04f& froK the
current obtained after a 15-min operation. The above stabilixer has been in
operation sinca 1963 in an automatic differential calorimieter outfit. Orig. art. hast
I figure and I formula.
SUB GOD& 09 SM DiTZe amw ORM RM 003
Card 212P

ACC N11
- AR7000956 SOURCE COD*V!,: UR/0275/66 /000 1011 /VO25/VO25
AUTHOR:,_Nizhenskiy, A. S.; Khrizman, S. S.
TITLE: High-precision semiconductor current regulator
SOURCE: Ref. zh. Elektronika i yeyc primeneniye, Abs. 11VI65
REF SOURCE: Mekhaniz. i avtomatiz. upr. Nauchno-proizv. sb., no. 2, 1966,
28-30
TOPIC TAGS: current regulator, transistor, cascade amplifier, voltage regulator
ABSTRACT: A current regulator, developed at the Institute of Electrodynamics,
AN Ukrainian SSR, was assembled using a circuit with a regulating transistor,
a twin-cascade d-c amplifier, and a reference.-voltage source with a silicon
stabilitron tube connected in series to the base circuit of the output-emitter
repeater. A variable standard resistance and a load resistance are corulected to
the emitter circuit of the regsulating transistor temperature compensation. accord-
ing to the dondition cited, is accomplished with the aid of a network consisting of
a linear resistance and a thermoresistor connected ta parallel to the reference
Card 112 UDC:

ACC NR- AFL7000956
voltage divider. For insuring temperature stability, a reference stabilitron tube,
the emitter repeater transistor, and the thermore'sistor are placed in a heavy
thermostat of red copper. With a temperature change from + 10 to + 500 C, the
reference voltage showed a change of about 0. 02%.' With a change in. line voltage
of + 20, the load resistance changed within the limits of 0. 1-150 ohms and the
oui-Put current ahowed a change of /,0. 04%. The voltage regulator has operated
in a differential -calorimeter circuit since 1963. With an uninterrupted operation
of 6-8 hr per day, the current instability has not,exceeded + 4. 11fo. The bibliog-
raphy contains 3 titles. (Tranalation.of abstract] INT)
STjB CODE: 09, 20/
2/2

NIZHBITSKIII O.K
Kachines for zo=facturing capron fibers. KbIm.wIck.
no,507-44 162. (HIEtA 15:U)
1, LaninVadskiy zavod in. Karl& Karksa.
(Nylon)
(Textile machirary)

NIMMITSKIYO O.N.
--....- % 11
InvesLigeting the causes of the breaking off of the pen,-2uluz bob'-- -4n
holder from the friction cylinder on zacUnes processing syntbetic
fibers. Izv.vys.ucheb.zav.; takh.tekst.prom. no.5-.123.-129 064.
(MIRA l8o)
1. taningradskiy institut tekstillnoy i legkoy prcmyshlennostj iru-nf
SIM,Kirova.

NIZHIBITSKIYp O.N.
Vibration and self-centering of the elastic support of pendulum
bobbin holders. Izv, vyse uchebo rAvo; takhe tekso prom. no,6:
1-18-123 165. (MIRA 19:1)
1, Laningradakiy inatitut tekstillnoy I. legkoy promyshlennosti
imeni S.M. Kirova. Submitted txay 11, 1965.

Wks irA toM, d, (Can. C. f. ss-wf~- Vcfmity "I ~Wtmf
in 11141(f (411 at Ztl*I (A 17ZI tqj (4 (1114M tz.'4, mo.
WOM Ut", UftAIMI MM "Vol(JAM IXItc. &CCA11014
IM. Ue4k.-Pt will# 11M, litelceft'41(f I", I-IcIdUe
C114116 1231, 101'100111 1270. it C,11,,4111 Mile. I'lit'll
lv.~40. phi-lo: ClIC11(t III )MV IW'. 11telf:
*ICCI((tlgt)Fl Wo. I,%%,[($ Wo. MvittIf Ifkv'. "WI,
frw INI. tw"WA-(xLcjk-(w 1114. For R4114 it* 4w. Cit.
tMICt""t Of the R11MA RAO C40144. ill 00; )A4 i1aKCITkW
(KAvim-ro It It I' M M. 0. U. KoftolAt-N

NIZHUW,A.K.; PEM,F.Z.
--woftmogo",
Capylog dIffractiam gmttW. 1xv. AN SUt. Ser. fis. 19
no.1:35-36 J&-r 155. (ML 8:9)
(Spectmu analysis) (Spectronater)
f.

SKRIFNIKP Yu.A,; A.f~.
- ---------
Selecting the pover-supply frea-uency fcr an autr.)zatic
bridge with a differential. indicator. 1zv.-.rys,uCheb.za~.;prib. 7
no.5:14-211 164. (MIRA 17:12)
I. Kiyevskiy politek1micheski-y lnstit.u~.. Re~amendovano kafedroy
izmeritellnykh ustroyaftv.

III711INSKII~ MI [I[izbyr&mtkyiq 11.1. kandspodagogensuk
Foral code cea bullAer of . Vauka i zhyttia 11
no..12.-39-40 D 161. (MA 15-2)
(Moral education)

NIZHMNKOj L.N., aapirant
Copper content of the teeth under normal conditions and :Ln alveolar
pyorrhea. Stomtologiia 40 no.ls32-35 J&-F 161. (KIU 140)
L.- I's kmfedry termpevticheskoy stommtolag~i (zmv.,-, prof. Yajo.
Platonov) i, iaXedry obahchey khimii (zav', - dotsent A.A.Zats)
Moskovskago maditainskogo stamatologicheskogo instituta (direktor -
dotsent, G.N.-Heletskiy).
(capm IN THz BoDr) (GM-DISFASES)

FMHMAN, M.Z.; NIZHKOVS~-'!Fli. ~rirdr.aala -l.-L,
Effect of t~x nnd.1tims of cr, the
prop.rties of natural rubber. Kau~h. '- rez. 24 nG.6:42-45 Tc, fir
k, ;, 1.-;~ Rt, -,, 9 . -, )
1. Orenburgsk.ly zavcd re-zino-tekhnicheokikh 1.zde'Aiy.

N171INF.V
- . ... r-
Raise the quality requirements for crossing installations under
roads. Strol. trilboprov. 8 m22i29 D 163. (ICIRA 17:4)
1. Stroitellnoye upravleniye No.14 tresta Mosgazprovodstroy,
Podol'sk.

NUSYMNSKIT, We,, kand. tekhu. nauk; TUMMED, O.D.. inzhZ RUMOMMO,
,,-JA,~inxh. I -
Vsking large precast reinforced concrete slabs In conctructiou
yards. RuZ, xtrol. takh. 22 no.4:1-4 Ap 155. (MM 11:12)
I.WeutralOnS7 nauchno-iteledovatel'skir institut pronshlamlykh
soormshenly. (Concrete slabs)

BERDICTATSKLY. G.L. Imad.takhn.nauk; DKITRrM', S.A., kand.teldm.nauk;
KI M YLOV, K.T.. kand.takhn.nauk; GTOZEZT, A.A.. prof.. daktor
takhn.nauk; MMA q T.Ta. prof,q doictor tathn.nau1c; BUWJKOT,
V.S., kand.taktm.nauk; TASILOY&T, A.?.. kand.teldm.nauk; MGEWMAT.
I.Te.p Icand.tekha.nauk; KULM. U.K.# Icand.takhn.nauk; SMOV, A.A..
kand.takha.nauk; PRZWJLI, I.K,s kandtakhn.nank; MOBROV, I.K.,
Inzhe; XMOT* NoGop inzh.; MITMX, G.S.. lazh.; SMAR. B.L., inzh.;
SHILOT, Te.T.,Jazh.; VAIM 0. I.D.. Iazh.; NIZHNICHMMO, I.P., inzh.;
MWPOVA, G.P., Inzh.; HIZEUM, B.N., nd.takha.nauk; GM1TRM'D#
U,K., kand.takhn.nauk; BALATIYET, P.r.. kand.takha.asuk; BARBAIUSH,
1*P** kand.takhn.nauk; HITOMS. L.B.. kand.tekhn.nauk; SHIFRIN, K.A..
kand.tekhn.nauk; FZTROTA, V.V., redolzd-va; TWIMA, Te.L.. tekha.red.
ET"emporary Instruction on the technology of makIng prestressed re-
Inforced concrete construction elemental Tramennais iustruktaila po
takhnologil Izgotovlanils predvaritelino napriazheanykh zhelecobe-
tonnykh tconstruktaii. Koakwa, Gas.izd-vo lit-ry po stroit.. arkhit. I
strolt.materialam, 1959. 255 P. (KIRA 12:12)
(Continued on next card)

B=IGMSIaT. G.I.--(continued) Card 2.
1. Akadecdya gtroltellstva I arkhitaktury SSSR. Institut betona
J shalazobatona, Perovo. 2. Mauchno-IssladovatelIddy institut
betona I zholazobetona Akademil stroitallstva I arkhitaktury SSSR
(for dvozdav, Y.V.Kikhaylovi Berdichavokly, Bulgakov. Vasil'yov.
Dmitriyev. Tsvpnlyev. K.V.Kikhaylov, Kulin, Svetov, Frankel',
Belobrov. Matkov. Kitnik. Sklyar. shilov). 3. Unuchno-isaledovatel'-
skiy iastitut organizataii, makhanizateii i takhpamoshchi Akadenii
stroitelletva I arkUtektury SSSR (for Kaianko, Nizhnichanko, VI-
lippova. Kizernyuk. Shaynfelld). 4. Mauchno-Assladovetel'skiy insti-
tut Glavmosprometroymaterialov (for Halatlyev. Barbarash). 5. Mauchno-
lasladovatel'skly Institut po stroltelletv-a Kinstroya RSYSR (for
Kitgarts. Shifrin). 6. D9yatvItalInyys chlany Jkademii stroitallstva
I arkbitaktury S&9R (for Gvozdav, V.V.Mlkhaylov).
(Ftestresaed concrete)

I A.
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respondence oourse~j Strciteilriala fizilkL;
posobile dlia.
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Separation djn4jumjrom waste ptoducta of tinc profte-
floti. 11. HY 0c Lendcal bentficlAtfun of indfurn raw ma-
KAAr Mad. Nauk.
Mr. in P-13131an, i~; in unglish,
84~1 -The P-\tn, of lit (rum wa3te produca of gint: rtw
finin requItes extensft Prep, [pit eventually, the waste
can deye! (a a continuous sofirzt. Of Tn.' DirestiolL
;of WMte Products with 111,90t and nibsequenE ppta. of ba
with other colored metak on metallk tinc apptars to EA- the
most favorable method. In leaching- of the material with
Insufficient amounts of 10% Iffsod. In to" In Soln. qvW In I
of mitallic Zrx and L-wes of to 35% In Into
'sotn. have been obs"vtd. Use of & 9 to, 300/4 sola. a
H*SOt and materiat of I"s thatt 60 tnt* (U.S. &adrdl
assures con pf-te extn. of In. The content of In [a the
'conccnlxateii;abotit6timeiti2atotthcr4vtnattriat. The
sofa. catt bt used for c%ninacial wq%rery C4. in, Cd. and
other elements.

- 1. - -1.6.4 IV V " I

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KITTMTA. ?.T.; NIMSM, A.?.
raster method for determining gallium In the by-products of z1ac pro-
ductIon. UlcrAbla.zhur. 24 no.6:790-793 '58. (KIRA 120)
(Gallium-Analysts) (Polarography) Ohodamine)

5(2)MO
WHORS: 111zhnik, A. T., Chausp I. S. SOY/75-14-1-6/32
TITLE: On the Question of a Polaro-raphic Method for the
tj
Determination of Indium (K voprosu o polyarografichaskon
metode opredeleniya indiya)
Fill"ICIDICAL: Zhurnal analiticheukoy khimiig 1959, Val 14, Nr 1, Pp 37-410
(USSR)
ADSTII'ACT: Among the methods for the quantitative determination of indium,
the polarographic method is nowthe most widely employed. This
method calls for the complete separation of copper and cadmium,
as the half-wmve potentials of these elements are very near to
that of Indium. For the determination of indium in industrial
products containing one-hundredth percentages of indium or more,
the authors suggest the amalgam method for-the preparation of
the solutions. The initial solution, which besides indium
contains 20"' of free sulfuric acid or an equivalent quantity of
other sulfates, is worked up with zinc amalgam at normal
temperature* All elements causing disturbance to the
polarographic determination of indium are removed from the
Card 1/3 solu-11ion, while indium is maintained in the latter.

On the Question of a 11olavo,,,,rVphic ;.-I-ethod
fo-- the Determination of Indium
Sodium chloride or another coluble chloride (alout 1G-','
acight of colution) 13 added to the purified soluLion, ~aZ ,
indium is then polaro_-,raphed. The addition of !*,iUl 0"'Cct-
normal reduction of indium ions in --ulfuric acic~
which the polaroaraphic wave of indium does not Lakc t)l:,.c(,
without the chloride addition (Pofs 13-16). relv?. J'o-r th~;
retarded rcdudtion of indium ions in iulfuric ac!--'J zolutioll,.,
lion in the fovwrtior. c)f i.-omplex anions of indiun. '-:Ihic .1.,rocc-,-s
is independent oi' the r1ritti--c a' Ulo oation ot~ tho oul..':aLoc
introduced (hydro,'I-en or mcu'al). Ilia half-;,aave potential of
ind-Jum in hydrochloric icid solution amounts to -0-597 V
(T.ith respect to a saturated calonal electrode), vhereas it i3
-1.o6 V in sulfuric acid solution, and that. of cadmi,= in
culfuric acid solution in -0.642 V. The threat dEference in thc
potential valueL; permits the complete separation of indium and
cadmium in sulfuric acid colutions by the aid of zinc amalgam.
As, 3b, Bi, Cu, Tl, Se, Sn, Ti, Fe(III) and some othe= elements
are reduced by zinc amalgam. Higher valency elements are reduced
Card 2/3

On the Question of a Folarographic Mothod SOV/75-14-1-6/32
for the Determination of Indiiim
to lower ones. (Pe(III), V(V), Cr(VI), Ti(IV)
mathod elaborated ia accurately described. It was tested on
several indium-containing raw materials. The ranults are
described. There are I figure, 2 tables, and 20 roferencaj,
16 of which are Soviet.
AS S(~Cl A '210 Institut obshcho,, i noorGanicheskoy khimii MT US".~'~., .,iyev
(Tnnti-jute of noneral and Inorganic Chemistry of the AS UkrSSR,
Kiyev)
~Ul~! 24, 19:~-'/
Ca-rd 3/5

NIZEIK,Ilr, A.T.
Axalgamtion nothad for the production of apectraI4 pare, h4ftly
dispersed zinc sponge. Ukr.khlm.%hur. 25 no.1:138-140 159.
(9,T;?A 12:4)
1. rustitut obahchey L ueorganisheakcq Wnii AN USSR.
(AxOgamation) (Zina-ZlectrometaUargy)

NIZHNIKv A.T.; ZVAGOLISFUIYA9 Ye*V,
hilitv and electrode potentWf in the --fetsm - wreurro
-.f ~O v9sorgskh1m, 6 noe4tIO064008 P . I i-
.4. (KM 24- -4)
(Ganium) ..., (Ifar=7).

"S too 1097
AUTHORS: Ai!~_n~ and Bykova, M. I.
TITLE: Electrochemical study of indium-bismuth
PERIODICAL: Ukrainakiy khimicheskiy zhurnalp
21670
S/073161/027/002/003/004
B1017B208
amalgam
v. 27, no. 2, 961, 171-175
TEXT: The problem of the present paper is the extraction of indium from
tailings of non-ferrous metallurgy in the form of amalgam in the presence of
bismuth. For this purpose, the behavior of In in the ternary system
In-Bi-ffg was studied. The equilibrium potential of In-BL;H amalgam was f irst
measured at 0-5 a/m2, 180C. The amalgam surface was 2.6 IM31 platinum was
used as cathodej the electrolyte consisted of 35 9/1 InC13 and 10 g1l HC1. K
The maximum sclubilit;, of Bi in EEg being I .49 wt~, amaigam was prepared in
different In/Bi ratios in such a way that the total concentration of the two
metals was 14. Fig. 2 shows the change of the potential as a function of
the In/Bi ratio. Minima were observed at atomic ratios of 2 : 1 and 1 : 1,
correspondicg to the compounds In.Bi and InBi. kn examination with pure
indium, amalgam and In-Bi amalgam with the same indium content confirmed this
result. As the maximum deviation of the potential of In-Bi amalgam as con-
Card 1/6

8/073/61/027/002/003/004
Electrochemical study B101/B908
pared to pure In amalgam was 0.022 v, it was assumed that the interaction
between In and Bi in Hg would not considerably influence the electrodeposi-
tion of indium. This was studied experimentally with amalgam having a ratio
of 47 : 53, corresponding to In 2Big and 65 : 35t corresponding to InBi. A
15X4 mm platinum plate served as a cathode. The current density was
0 04 a cm2, and the terKinal voltage 4 v. Amalgam and electrolyte
(;0 g 1 InC13, 73 9/1 HCO were stirred with 250-300 rpm. Fig- 5 shows the
change of the anode potential. It could be seen from this and from the
analysis (determination of In in amalgam and electrolyte polarographically,
and of Bi by spectrum analysis) that about 99% In may be obtained from an
In-Bi amalgam. Electrolysis was finished as soon as the thiourea added to
the electrolyte indicated the diasolution of Bi in the electrolyte by a
yellow ccloring. The electrodeposited indium was investigated by spectrum
analysis. It contained 0.018-0.020 wt% of Bi. Fig. 4 illustrates the effect
of Bi on the limiting of a 1% In amalgam. The reduction of the limiting
current in the presence of Bi may be explained by impeded diffusion of the
indium atoms in In-BL-9g. There are 5 figures, I table, and 9 references:
6 Soviet-bloo and 3 non-Soviet-bloc. The 2 references to English-laitguage
publications read as follows: Ludwick Maria Thompson, Indium, New York,
Card 2/6

2108
S/073/61/027/002/003/004
Electrochemical study BIOI/B208
1950, 20; 1. M. Spicer, G. 1. Banick, J. Am. Chem. Soc., U, 9 # 2268, (1953)-
ASSOCIATION: Institut Obahchey i neorganicheakoy khInii AN USSR
(Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: August 7, 1959
Card 3/6

5,411)0
AUTHORS:
TITLE.-
PERIODICAM
10, 21
Nizhnik, A.T.p and Bykova,
Electrochemical investigation
gallium-zinc-mercury
Zhurnal prikladnoy khimiit
1554 - 1561
2
S/080/61YOR/007/00VO16
D223/"305
M.I.
of the system of
V. 34t no. 7o 19619
Th'Ux Mletallic gallium obtained from residues during Pb and Za pro-
duction always contain the latter as an impurit The difference
in the potential of zinc (-0.76 v) and gallium TO-0-52 v) suggest
the possibility of electrolytic separation of the two netals. The
present work deals with the possibility of electrolytically sepa-
rating zinc and gallium and also with the optimum conditions under
which this separation can take place. To carry out the investiga-
tion metallic Ga, Zn and IIg were used of following purities: Ga =
9().q9 % with trace implarities of Alt Zn, Pb and Cu: Zn - 99.999 %;
Mercury was purified by method employed in polarography (polaro-
Card 1/7

22434
S/080/61/034/007/009/016
-Electrochemical investigation ... D223/D305
graphic analysis). The polarization curves were obtained by the
usual compensating method, the measurements taken on the potentio-
meter system M-1. The proportional volume ratio of amalgam and so-
lution was 1:10. All measuremente were done at room temperature
(,,,2000). The gallium estimation. was done colorimetrically. 'he
data obtained on current density and its effect on the cathodic
and anodic potential of zinc and gallium amalgam in 1 N H2304 is
given in Fig. 1 of IN H01 in Fig . 2. From this data it may be Been
that the polarization curves of zinc and gallium amalgam in H2SO4
and HOI solutions are similar# Zn is seen to be more positive than
gallium on the cathodic side and the cathodic potential of Zn/lig
at current densit of '400 mA/cm2 in equal to -1.5 v while Ga/.ug
potential was -1% v (in respect of IT.K.C.). Similar relations
hold for the anodic process where for the same current density,
the zinc potential was 0.74 v and gallium -0.47 * (in respect of
N.K.C.). Here zinc is seen to be more electronegative than gallium.
These relations suggested the possibility of electrolytical sepa-
ration of two metals. The author then briefly describe their in-
J-1
Card 2/7

22434
S/080/61/034/007/009/016
-Electrochemical investigation ... D223/D305
vcstigation on stability of Zn and Ga amalgams in respect Of H2304'
The results show that the gallium amalgam is more stable than zinc.
Lfter 3 hours the transfer of gallium into 211 H2304 solution is
0.5 % hence the small solubility of Ga amalgam in H2S0j explains
the absence of gallium on the J1g cathode. Composite po arization
curves, of Zn and H2 and Ga and H2 were recorded as well as the
individual curves. This is done by association of' part of the to-
tal current with the deposit of one of the elements under investi-
gation, and the current density is worked out from the material
balance of cathode and the composition of products. This approach
is adopted when there are several elements present and current is
associated with each one. As long as experiments for the potential
determination and electrode balance are carried out under same
conditions, the above approach is valid. The electrolyte used was
a IN H2SO4 solution containing 3.33 g/1 of Zn and 2.33 g/I of Ga.
The ;esults indicate that the maximum quantity of gallium on ca-
thode was 0.4 wt. %. From the individual polarization curves of
zinc and gallium, it was shown that Zu emerges at potential - 1.1v
Card 3/7

22h3h
B/080/61/0704/007/009/016
Electrochemical investiontion ..Do D223/D305
and gallium at -1,45 v giving a difference of 0.35 v which is auf-
ficient for the complete separation of the metals. The actual se-
paration experiment was investigated on a solution of 50 mls con-
tainIng 0.05 gr Ga and 0.5 gr Zn. cathode 4 mlB of Hg with surface
8 cm ; Anode Pf foil with surfac; 48 mm2; stirring rate 200 revs/
min; temperature 200C. The results obtained are givea in tabulated
and graphic form. With the increase in acidity, starting with 2H
H2S04 and higherp the codeposition of Ga with Zn in an amalgam
falls sharply. A similar process occurs in the H01 solution.The
increase in current density increases the codeposition. The beat
conditions for separating were found to be: Minimum current densi-
ty with maximum acidity, i.e. Dk = 0o03 - 0.05 A/cm2 and 2H sol.
Of H2SO4. The time effezt on the cathode poteatial is also shown.
The depooition of Zn proceeded initially at Potential 1.29-1-32 v
and after 62 mine. the entire Zn waa deposited and immediately
followed by a vigorous evolution of hydrogen wtth traces of Gao
PriLctically 100 ~G of the Zn was deposited using 2N H2SO4* 0.03 A/
cmi! Zn: Ga = 50:1 giving a current yield of Zn 65-70 % and the
'*ard 4/7

S/080/61/034/007/009/016
2lectr,ochemical investigation ... D223/1)V5
-6 figureaq 3
,,_f;~ amalgam contained. only 15y/51 mle of-Ga. Tliere are
rencest 8 Soviet~-bloo and 4 no -Soviet-bloc. The-
tables and 12 refe n,
references to the English-language publioation~ read as follows:
ZIO Dennisp A* Bridgemant J*Am*Chem* Soce't OF 15p'31o 1918; T.'
Riohardep A. BoSer# J. Am. Chem.-Soo'.p 43# 275P 1921; W.M. )~atlm*rr
The.oxidation States of the Element~ and their Potentials in Aque-.
..~,-Ous Solutionst N.Y.t 19380
SMITTED: July-40 1960
Pig. 1. Effect of current density on anodic and cathodic p'btenti"
ale of Zu and Ga amalgams in 1H solution of RpS04.
X;3.
Legend: A current density (m.A/cm2); B - potential (v); It2#3
-anodic curves corresponding to 1t2#3 gr.atome met/1 Of H9 4t5*96
cathodic curves corresponding to Ip2t3 gr. atom/1 Ng. I galliump
11 zinc.
'Card 5/7

20741
.%IOL
S/020/61/137/002/015/020
B103/B215
AUTHORs Nizhnik. A. T.
TITLE: Amalgam method for the recovery of rare dispersed metals
PERIODICALi Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, v. 137, no. 2, 1961, 366-368
TEXT: The author suggests an amalgam method of extracting and refining high-
purity Indium and gallium to eliminate difficulties in conventional methods.
The extraction of thallium was discussed by M. T. Kozlovskiy et al. (Ref 11s
Tovetn'yye Metally, .1, 30, 1956), and A. A. Shokol# L. F. Kozin (Ref. 12:
Ukr. khim. zhurn., -29 no. 2, 249, 1959. The principles of the author's
method are sucht a,~considerable solubility of these metals in mercury
(In,-575, Tl 45, Ga^-'2A; b) stability of their amalgams in aqueous solutions;
c) no chemical interaction between these metals and mercury; d) overvoltage
of hydrogen in amalgams, whereby reactions in sufficiently acid solutions
become possible; e) intensive diffusion in amalgams allowing the application
of considerable current densities; f) strictly observed order of transition
from the metals of solutions into amalgam, and vice versa; g) homogeneous
Card 1/6

20741
S/020/61/137/002/015/020
Amalgam method fo,. the... B103/B215
(ideally amooth, ), amalgam surface, and small interface separating the solution,
thus eliminating side reactions (absorption, passivation' , formation of
galvanic elements, etc) and guaranteeing stable potential of the system; h)
high specific gravity of mercury and amalgams, which nay lead to the accumula-
tion nf considerable quantities of metal in a small volume of amalgam ( - 10 kg
Inin 11of Hg). The production of In and Ga is based upon their transfer from
solutions into amalgams by cementing on amalgams of metals which are more
strongly eleatroneptive than rare metals, e.g., Tl on ZnjHg or Cd(Hg; In on
ZnjHg and Ga on NajHg. The metals are extracted from the developed amalgams
by electrolytic (anodic) dissolution the rare metal is simultaneously deposited
"Ifide separation of indium from heavy
on the cathode. Fig. I shows the ou
metals. Bi, Cu Sb, As, et al. are first depoaited;by ZnS additiUkIS, after that
In is bound. The extraction of indium by ZnjHg, and of gallium by Nalag are
illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 (T.T.Mityureva, I.S.Chaus and Z.V.Shekhter as-
sited). Cd is cemented together with In, as their potentials are so close to
each other (xy2ln= -0-58, xj/2 Cd- -0.60 v). In and Cd, however, can be quantita-
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Amalgam method for the ... B103/B215
ii~rely separated from sulfates containing an excess of sulfate ions. The
indium otential is shifted by the formation of an indium complex aniin
(In(SO 432 )-. Is. V. Zvagol'skaya proved that hydrochloric media are most
suitable for the selective transfer of indium from amalgam. 90% of spectro-
scopically pure indium is 2obtained on the cathode at a current density
between 0-05 and 0.1 a/,,'a . Further experiments of the author showed that
under an electrolyte layer mercury starts evaporating from indium amalgam
after 5 hr at 500C so that mercury impurities in indium are eliminated.
Table 3 gives the purity of indium refined by thia.method, and other types
of indium. The purity was,tested by B. I. Verkin and B. N. Aleksandrov by
physical methods. Hence, the author concludes that the indium. he refined
is one of the purest types, There are 3 figures, 3'tables, and 19
referencess 12 Soviet-bloc and 7 non-Soviet-bloc. The reference to the
English-language publication reads as follows: Ref; 181 El. Reisoner,
R. Zdanis, Phys. Rev., 109, no- 3, 681 (1958)-
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B103/B215
ASSOCIATIONi Inetitut obahchey i neorganicheskoy khimii Akademii nauk
USSR (Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the
Academy of Sciences UkrSSR)
PRESENTEDo Noirember 3, 1960 by A. N. Frumkin, Academician
SUBMITTED: October 13, 1960
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Elll/E152
AUTHORS: Nizhnik,- A.-T-j and Chaus, I.S.
TITLE: tiethod for the polarographic determination of indium
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Khimiya, no.11, 1962, 14o,
abstract 11 0 85. (In the Symposium: 'Khim. fiz.-khim..
i spektr. metody issled. rud. rodk. i rassayan.
elementovl '('Methods of chemical, physico-chemical and
spectral investigation of rare and dispersed ore
elements'), M. Gosseoltekhizdat, 1961, 92-95)
TEXT: A simplified method is described for the determination
of small quantities of In in industrial products.and wastes.
This is'based on preliminary separation of the interfering
elements (As, Sb, Bit Cut TI, So, Teo Moo Ti(4+), Fe3+, Cd,
Cr(6+), V(5+)). by reduction with Zn amalgam in a sulphuric-acid
medium and subsequent polarography of In in the purified solution.
1-3 g of sample are decomposed by heating with a mixture of HN03
and H2SO41 the liquid is evaporated till evolution of H2SO4 fumes-
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on cooling the residue is treated with water (with filtration wnen
there is a large precipitate), H2SO4 is added to give a final
concentration of 201" and cementation with Zn amalgam is carried
out with stirring (250-300 rev/min) for 40-50 min at room
temperature. When cementation is finished the solution is
filtered, about 10 wt.~4 NaC1 is added and polarography is carried
out. The method developed for the determination of In is
considerably shorter than those which have been described in
the literature.
abstractor-s note: Complete translation.1
J
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D235/D302
AUTHORS: Nizhnik__A, T. and Shekhter, Z, V,
TITLE: Study of the effect of certain impurities on the cemen-
tation of gallium with sodium amalgam
PERIODICAL~- Zhurnal prikladnoy khimil, v. 35., no, 2, 1962, 295-300
TEXT: Dependence of the rate of separation of Ga into the amalgam
on the temperatures rate of stirring and on alkali concentration
was first studied. The degree of cementation increased with an in-
crease in the speed of stirring and with rising temperature; the
optimum conditions were a,temperature of 500C, a speed of stirring
of 400 rpm and an alkr.li concentration of 50 k1l. In order to inve-
btigate the effect of impurities small amounts of Zn, Al, As, Sb
and Mo were added to a solution containing 50 g NaOH and 0.4 g Ga
per liter. Under the optimum conditions 10 ml of 11% Na amalgam were
added to 50 ml.of solution and cementation was allowed to proceed
for 90 minutea. Al and As5+ were not reduced by sodium amalgam;
zinc, like Ga) was reduced by the amalgam to the metal and easily
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Study of the effect ... D235/D302
3+ 3+
dissolved in the mercury. As and Sb were reduced to the element,
but did not dissolve in mercury and in the case of As, AsH 3 -was
evolved. Mo and V were energetically reduced to the lower valency
state. The consumption of sodium amalgam during the cementation of
gallium in the presence of the studied additions increasec in the
series Zn