SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT RAPOPORT, I.B. - RAPOPORT, I.D.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001344210008-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: January 3, 2017
• Document Release Date: August 1, 2000
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

/62/000/005/oa6/112
B I 62/B, 01

AUTHOR Fal kovskaya, it.-A., Vavul, A. Ya. , Khey.ets, Ye. !4.
Rapoport, I..B., Listov, V~ it. Pety-,.kinu, Ye., 1,
Ef f I c ic n c y ol' f3ome molybdonum anI oreawszii --u r c ompoLkni. as
,4
a r , P-41 1' tives to I v, br .;cf; ti nIg uo
Pl~ 3. 101, T C Refe-rativnyy zhurnal. no. 5, ,)6,,~, o
2 4 k i k mz.~ 3 1 a m i to v 1 -1".
"Pri
G,~~stoptt!khlzdatj 1~61# 71-79)

'I L iz
ITE'i T
, contaiLninr a
hat the addi 0
t i Ve -15/30
(V-15/
diovn -%
,
,
-
c 0 m P I'-, x compound of 4o, ~-r--atl improves the antive%r DroDertiez of mineral
and synt'hetic lubrxicatin~ uiteriv,13; il-s fiction is p-rticult-rI.: effective
h a n ,; ~3 v ~Jo Wi; xith orgi;I~Ic C':;:7,pounds contal. 6, CI olthar

1 ----M^ en o . A i;ctor- th-arMal
--I of the aliitive i3 izz; un3:~ T i z Y
stability in certain high -tezipera' ture lubricating materials. The ~Io-organic

--ditive ca t i o.- o f
,~ (B-15/1) can be u5ccl ,or prelinir-ary i-,p.
a
antifriction noncorroding films on friction surfaces; J. n thio- case,
,ari i, 2

D'
D247.

0 Ll Fo .I nll.~.
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at flovi rate
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f 0.4 1/1 c aa y s t /I iV - A. trE':
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thu
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vobled. T
here Lxe 4 tables? -,j ep --fe-ren-cs: S
L uC "nr! 1 nu-n-SovleL-bloc
U I i t'l IT B D i n e;~7 10,60

N,Fz~Deb-le, N,Gd. anzh- L.-ureat flosudarstvenroiv P -r em I I
C 7 . Z
kilim. inauk, zze" . .. ....
'SH.
J.. BABJ ~ KINA, S ved: rad,
Z.1., tekhn. red,
r troleurn
etrPle.UM chemji~Al technologyj procesaes of pe
P
-11 Syr,
chpmi, thesisl Neftekhimicheskain tekhrologila;
V kh Imicheakogo sint-lzl.. Pod red, .1-7'
pro',!3e:!5y rielte
Rapoport's 'Mo s k-ya, Gostoptekhizdat,' 19631~ '531 P,
Translqted from. thei Rumanian, (MIW, 16'il'~
trolemm cirlemical3N!

6i6" lr:i~-i~D3i

4COESSION N:Ri:' AP5614945 ENCLOSUREv 01

=1, jw
121V
k

10

I 7ig, 1. T.Overliture'vAriation in a layer
-to the time of
of'catalyst with respect

Lvity (from.the.beginning of,:
its act:
synthesis), Temperature of catalyst's
"reductions OCt 1- 450; 2- 600~

Coid 3/4

-P.i-!l;lIi:~il, I ;z.
ITSIKSON, KII-4'YI-TITS, Ye.m. ( I i f, ~ I ~ I
I s

ACC NR. AF7002569 SOURCE CODE: UR/0413/66/000/023/0061/0062
INVENTOR:. Fal'kovskaya, A. A.; 6berfel'd, M. Sh.; Khey f e to ,Ya- M_; Rapoport, I. B.;
Puchkov, N. G.; Borovaya, M. S.; Reznikov, V. D.
ORG: none
TITLE: Improving the antiscizure and anticorrosion properties and thermal oxidative
stability of lubricants., Class 23, No. 189109 [announced by All-Union Scientific
Research Institute for Petroleum Refining (Vsesayuznyy nauchno-isaledovatel'skiy
institut po pererabotke,nefti)]
SOURCE: Izobreteniya, promyshlennyye obrazts.y,.tovarnyye znaki, no. 23,,1966, 61-62
TOPIC TAGS: lubrican t, EP property, anticorrosion additive, thermal oxidative
stability,:xanthate additive,-lubricant additive
ABSTRACT:
An Author Certificate has been issued for a method, for improving the anti-
seizure (EP) and anticorrosive properties, and thermal oxidative stability
.of -lubricants. The method provides.for the addition to the lubricant's-of
1)ranched
xanthates- of the formula HDCSSR', vhere R and R1 are higher and
alkyl radicals.
J-
SUB CODE; 111, SUBM DATE: 02Jul65/ ATD PRESS: 51
12
Card, i/I TMV! 621.AQ2.84

T. D.
WCFCF'Ty .
PA 16OT81
q I II

7 -
- - I - ..

4KTATION SPECTUA OF la&.TICLU or CCSMH ftAOI
LON IN THE STRATCSPrEn
_
RISC- AWSALaW
-7
A
It
B
Ser
FiZ
519-24(1654
Fr
-orj
'
.
.
.
.
.
)
p~s
o,
1
i L
""
d
'1
4 0
amle ray Inteft4fies s
'
e
Ing to tM
'
number a(tharged
r-lictj
pCk a and study of the Ionization,
Created by these pa"fclas to the stratosphere Indicaw the
Ptclence of a well deflW4 beam of loafted particles which
coal butt % to thq total Ionization. Experiments w0 alade
(for,findt"t the Origin at these strongly ionizing particles)
to *Wroulne the spectrum of Cosmic ray particles secor4-
Ing to the Ionization created by ~hrm. These works were
carded out durlag the years of 1951 to 1953 In Moscow at th
loest latitude. Two variations of experiments were used, In
the first the InvestIgation of werlical particle beams with
the range larger or equAl to 1.7 C cm-t, %ad In the second,
Ionization Impulsee.we:rv registered independently from the
rango or 41rection of the particto motion with the minimum
registration limit of 0.4 order and meart Impulsecreated by
A relativistic partIcle. Both experiments were carried out
simultaneously at the same installation with ammall.
spherical, thin-wAlled aluminum Ionization chamber with
a
l
t
h
i
1l
JTT L

s vo
roc
ume Ispec
ibm
ca
wu~d with
g
y r
seefortheelve-
troole component. (R.V.J,)

SOV/120-58-06-14/32
AUTHOR: Rapoport, 1. D.
T
I91L,,-, An-Am litude Pulse Integrator (Impul'snyy 9-'
-E -amplitudnyy inte
rators
PER-10DICAL:, Pribory i tekhnika eksperimenta, 1958, Nr 6,,P ?5 (USSR)~
ABSTRACT: 'The summation of the amplitudes of a train of successive,.
pulses can be done by adopting the following principle. Each
input pulse (signal) is transformed into a "Packet" of iden-
tical pulses;.the transformation is done in such a manner
that the number N of pulses in the packet is uniquely de-.
termined.by the amplitude V of the input signal. The
a
number of pulses in the packets is registered by acounting
device and, since N_~is proportional to V- the recorded~,
a
count is equivalent to the summation ofthe amplitudes.
Simultaneously, another counter is employed which records the
number-of packets. From these measurements i tis possible vo
determine the average value of N and -the average value of
theamplitude of. the input signal, that isl
V a + bN This principle was used by,theauthor for
a
the.recording of the average value 011' the amplitude Of Dulses
0
Card 112

SOV/120-58-6-25/32,
~AUTTHORS:Grigorov, N. L. Rapoport,_I. D., Murzin, 7. S., Savin, F.D
TITLE:' A Registering Device for the Amplitude Recording of 49 Pulses~
of a Large Dynamic Range (Registrator d1ya amplitud,noy
zapisi 49 impul'sov s bollshim dinamicheskim diapazorLom)
PERIODICAL: Pribory i tekhnika eksperimentEL, 19,%, Nr 6, pp 1U9-1101
(USSR)
ABSTIUCT: The, instrumen t is-jised for tiie recording of pulse4:~
duration is ec. it corasist-s 0~-
longer than 3 x10 S
miniature osoillob-raE.Inc type 81,029~ tha
which can be- pbotographed onto a single fra-me. . The
m
occupy a square area, having dLleiisions of 64 x 64- c~.
circuit of a tabe is -as s3nown iri the figure on p 11C,
seen that. aparv from the voltacle supplies, the C i re -_ i
tains an amplifying stage; this has a of 36 all(I 61 li,e S* CL
Card 1/2

~XT'-O;
TITLE: A e t h o d for the lileasure~.-.ent of -the Ener-y of 11~7L-ticlcs
b ve loll ev (."'etod i'l 'e-
In a 'Zan.-c A o
t i v oblaoti vyshe 1611 eV)
~kERIOD:CAL:
eoretic;.e--koy Fiziki-
Zhurnal Eksperimental 'noy i T 1'51,

5o6-5o7 (USS1
V 0 1 34, "r 2,
AISTWM:
Uriorov su.-y6ezt~"!' a cnethod f0 r the
More than 2 yeprs '-o
lear-active
determination of the enerey of a s1n(;le nuc
-e,~s on t of t"-a
p.-?rticle. Thic aethod is4based on the urc,.
total enerjy, e:7.issior, in a denue medlum b y at I v, e c a. id ry
p,Lrticles whielf had been fori.-.ed or, the 1- ss~t,~e of print~---
particle through a. thick layer of sub3ttlncb. A formala for
the- enerLy E of the primary particle is 0, veil. T-he authors
carried out doxperimenta,wit*.% v. specially deait~ned npparv-tus
A
at, altitudo of 3'~Co m -,'Love --ea The presen -.,ork
i~ivez a short description of "hi3 %P2virat'Z3. It cC".'::istS of
ht of l'o cmthe iipper crou.- :iectio~,
a step-pyramid of a hei
i
of which i e about 0,6 m and the lower-cross sectior,
Card 1/
1,~LyCrS 3: t3t
0,3. 1.12 1 t,-.ic- pyra.::id t h- r a

Cor the Meaoure-ment of the Ener; of Part -cles, In
.-',.bove loll ey
thickness of 65 cm- In thc-. selection of, t lie ah, sort, Or 46 4~
compro=ise between the followin,~; demawils :bust be~
Thle ran,~~e of the electron-photon avalarche must be
the ran6e f w,,cleur reaction, b), The material of
ab~;orbent must be sufficiently dense. For the me-st n.-P-=ent
of the ionization cylindrical impulse lorization
~of. iron or brass with vralls 1 mm thick are usell in thir,
apparatus. These chambers are f illed rith pure ar..-,on at a
I - -he ionin,~--tion
pressure of uP to 5,",at.excess'presoure. T
chambers- cxe mounted in 6 3eries between the Iron lal-ieru of
the apparatus. Llto,~:ether the appurmtu,,
cliaribers. ~ chamberc each are connected to an amplifier. T h,
electric imlmlse-- formin,.r the ianizntian
registerod by photo.-Iraphin~,-- the screens Of -L11 t
Be~-ide,o the ioniz--tion chamber's the app,,-~ratus co,.tt-,ins ~.i
telescope consistini~ of count.2rr~ an 7,011 as seve.-~J C-aZin-3
C e rs tu
with hodoscopic count Th-:~ control of the app, r:1 2,43,
i;!-.ortlZ~ deccribed., Thp Animum- iwlizuticni ,.ti'Ll
!~orresoom,n to C- -',~ultlaneou.-,, -lar'sa;
-~e of 5-10 rel-Aiviotic
P~~rticles throt.-h th-~; chamter. Of
Ori
re,;istered case.,) r e i~) i oi i n 1 e c t

ili~

AUTHOR., Rapopor-., I.D. 56-34- -4~-W60

ITLE: f D
atectIng Dense Showers of Charged
Metod detektiromniya plotrykh
livney zaryazhennykh ch"tits)
FERIODICAM Zhurnal ek3petimentall aoy i teoreticheskoy f iziki, 1958, VO
L 3kP"
I
Nr.4, PP. 998-1000 (USSR)
13STRACT.- The spectrum Pf the radiation of most lutainapbores us ca iii pmo-
tice for the x,.-Lvrd1ng of charged particles usually agrew with
the range of such waviengths, as are the most acti+e for photo--
sensitive materia-1-1 3500 to 4500 A)~ This circumstance can
be utilizel for the detection of the showers of charged par-ticies:
especially of eleotronnucleon showers ALich axe formea in I
nuclear processes of high enex-gy) by direct. contact photography
of the acintillator-s excited by the current of the sho"r par-,
ticlvs~ Siiv-h a possibility can be realized if the denaity of the,
impinging particles i--.,ffices fox- the generation of a 3ufficiently.
powerful 14 t-energy c'.xrr-3nt on a- surface urxit of the photo--
Card 1/3 layer, Thi3 llght-energy curr-~nt. ma-lit be more, powerful than the

The Photogrdphtc of D,~ke7,tlng Dep:-~- Stow~_r.3 5 6 34 -Y41 60
cf Charged Pariicles
sensitivity.threAold, The detector suggested is sultel for the
0
-Inantal investigation of the interacti n betvreen cosmic
radiation of -.iAr~y high energy and matter.. For the purposa of
malldng thia pcssible varlo%L-3 lunicescent materials weri used.,
Besides ~he anorgari hosphor-A (which are activated vri~h t"hal-
c, p
also pla.:~tlc t=ipopaorei (&nthracene, terphenyl 'r- poly-
$,.Y-.1n-.) are i1sed, 7.,hit1h ar-e stdted for the produstion of de-
of.
tector-i rnth large surfaces., Thtt shower was imitated b,y means
a collim.--ited eleotron beani (oliameter of the oollimeter 3 mm)- of
rcz-3 p3" -an -.,ms dinrtst-.i in
the Xadj'L j Sr,90- The team
a ti re and a
vert Cal PCs I I n on to the sur~face of the 'uminop~,Io
o
photogitAphic ewu,~on vaL~~ in close contact with the luminapho
The best, ef f ect -jag at taip.-,3 by f I.drg the photof ilm between 2
thin lumine-~ic9nt iayer,,;~ recording the pariiele by means
of suct a 5 - I 7,Fa-5 a V-
sys t!m a lcwv~r bourdairl value of r.,
ta~xed., The lumineseence rrith the ghortest mave ,va3 found to be
the most aoti,qe, With increasing density cP the pa.rticles also
t ken creases in acco.-aance with the char-
the dexi-ii.y of black ing in,,
acteri:Btic bI0%.*k-_rjng curves of photcmaterial Prevaous
Card 2/3 calibration of th~e detF~ctor make.9 t nossible to. detemine the.

The Photographic kethod of Detecting Dense Showers 56-1 --4-34/60
,54
of Charged Particles
density and number of the particles in the recorded shower. The-~'
rea e photo-
t photographic "vidth". of modern highly sensitiv
g
graphic materials (no 10)) and the possibility of sinultaneously. -
using several film of different sensitivity provides for a
practically infinite measuring range. In practice, the best re-,
cted from a~d
sults may-be expe eteotor consisting of a set of
several luminescent and photographic layers which are in contaot'.
s also suited
and alternate with one another. Such a detector i
to be used as an'indicator for electron-nuclear showers which
are produced in dense matter by particles of excessively high.
energy. In conclusion the author thanks N.L.Grigorov for his
ralua'ble advice. There are 3 references, 2 of which are Soviet,
ASSOCIATIOW Yloskaq-sk:~y gosudantvennyy uni-ier3itet (Mos cow State University).-
SUBMITTED: December '13, 1957
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card. 3/3

1-0-i - "i t
f
r, n
a %7 r ci
L f, 'ki t i-,Or ij;-~ C? 10 Q r
v or- 7 c ~z v c- -n
a r vu a t ion
tt v ra -rro
o T. j. z. .j t ni
n v i -Aioll
ra
oil 1 * . .
r o u;7 ir. J e I-el v i z i

I. or
rq;
c orro 1-in- to t kv7, mu f ni.
~Iy 6 t liee rt r t
o cal, tite to"n.1 f- o K ct:'o i6
Pfllx~
he~p!;!~ Y.-if 19 km. Tho heif-:-t dr er d
r,-.e,teriittic c' '.Pie 'scIt:tndvv*v r.
--ir ~uo
ir ltvno;~ obs, rt,
~I u i 0.11
k, t rr-
-on f I!. t F.-,
-14
-P pe
-.11- '!!o; rc,~ uc e:: ---acti Y~!ni

On 'on f the *or, '-'nerpv -Iectron-Photon Component of 'he (:os;
le 11011rcee 01 L
(I !itraton ohere
Tjayfl 4 h
the f I ux of -the ~,econdrirv protons oc me re,- c tiono on tho 0~0
H14 (which produce ~~X(qted and ;"-act,~ve, final nuclei) are:
Poc:iible. The total Prergy contribution made by the proNl!~C:",
discussed in thip Paper to the production of electrons and
nhotons with low energies may be determined when data con-
rernIing the density of ecneration of neutrons . -;n the atr:ogch-rj!~
are availafle . According to the available *dat-- -210- ~ 3~1
Iwith respect to ener,-,y) of the, short range electrons
2%
6"' < 1,7 9/cM j. farv in a grenctic connection rith tl~.e rroduc~z
of the nuclear spallationn. There are 1 figure, 1 tabip, and
25 references, 8 of whicli are Soviet.
`
T' ki-, gooudarstvPnnyy universitet -x ~`t a t eUniversi
0 C , T I ON '-.Toskovs
~2U BY.1" If TD 'ecc-mber 50, 19571
cossic rays--Properties 2. Electrons-Sources Photons
j

ZVICI C',T H, D, P-4
,TI:;!,. WTIFI IRON A ND
Kri. P. 3al-ayan, N. L. GriEorov, M. M. Dibrovin,
V. S. I'4urzjnY V. A. SobirVrakov, and 1. 1 Rapoport
1. Tile lise of the ionization calorimeter" which c-)-~prises a lari-e xrwiber of
ionizat*on chambers ma ~e it possible toinvestigate the interaction of !)articles of
known enerjry
2. Studies carried out in 1957 at 31906 m above sea, level -Tid 41 r, 125~1-59 at
-ood al.-reement. From
3200 r4 above sea, level. have prodl)ced results that are in F~
-theseresul",s the following conclusions may ~,e drpwn:
al) when interacting with Fe nuclei,,/e, -1e ~ev particles lose, as a r,ile,
nearl-%~, all their ener[7 in the production of mesons:
there is a large probability that as a reslilt of collision with,a nucleus
b
y f win ic hamounts
there, are produced a..smAll nimber of particles, the total enerl-,, 0
to or the enerEy of the primary particle (in the majority of cases these
oarticles-are not nucleons):
fItic6jauons are obs r
gy transfe to 4, -mesons.
c erved in energ
R
--port presented at the Interna-t-46nal Cosmic Ray,Conference, moscow, 6-11 JIY 1959

'OV 'l2j-:;9-4-18/-Q
I D.~
AUTHGR: qjRRpap2Et
TITLE: A Hodoscope with Sequential Signal Transmission
PERIODICAL: P~ribory i tekhnika.,eksperimenta, 1959. Nr 4, pp 86-90.
(USSR).
ABSTRACT: :Two instruments for record-ing*and transmitting the signalS'.-
from trays of.counters are described; in one the signals.are
recorded byneon indicators, and in the other by hard-valve
circuits (Figs 1 and.2 respectively). The circuits are.des-
igned to be.extremely economical in current (they are meant
for use in stratospheric balloons). Fig 1 shows one unit
designed~for use with 30 counters, in which one cycle of re-.
cording takes 20 msec; it is stated that thecircuit can be
modified to require only 100~isec per channel. The indi-Oidual'.'
channels have a resolving time of about:-10-1,see., The second
unit (Fig 2),uses heptodes connected in a Kipp relay circuit
to record the pulses.(these heptodes replace the neon lamps
of Fig 1). These~heptodes are al o usea to transmit the sig-l''
s
nals.' Fig 3 shows the voltage waveforms appearing at various
Card 112

r-

.2

AUTHORS; 1; rigorov, N. L. Murzinj V. S. Rapop.-Irt, I D
TITLE: Invootigatton of '~~c Jntvract~or- of Par I W..
1 12
-)f .10 :0 ev,With.Iron Nuclei (ILucheniye_
11 12

__V s yalram! z e' a 1.
chastits s energiyey 10,, 10 h
PERIODICAL Zhurnal eks erimentallnoy teoreticheskey f i Z i k i~9'0
p
Vol, 36, Nr 4, PP 1068-1079 (U,SSR)
ABSTRACT., The present detailed paper consists' of 7 settinnG. Se --l-c-f
discusses th problem and* the measur-.n-
in its introduc'ion e 6
method. The energy of a primary particle 2 is delermir,:,d a~

'hr- ion pair prjdv--o.,
11;ording.to a new method from
and the ionization, I(x)dx generated, In an.absol,ter 'ft~e-
2 2
the thi~:kness dx g1cm in the depth, x 9/c=. 4 f X, .4 S e

he absorber. It.hollds thst 1
thickness of t IT 7L
principle ofthe device used,has already been des:rl_'Z~il ty

ence 2. Energy determination was carried otil.
refer by a I r: -1 a
Card 1/ 5 measurements, and therefore t-hp devioe Is desc :as

17
I n e s t i g a t ic- of the Inter a ction, of P a rti c, ee. '41
2
40 10' e-,r
Wi t h lror~ Nuclei
zat i on Qa.lor-imeter". Measurements we-re carried .i ri

q I t i tu d V eve'.. Spatl 'In 7, 1 ~he
e of 3860 M abo e sea !
;~~:ribes-;I'he apparatus. The. ionization
?zsentially of a large block of 7 Iran iaye rs
~nesses, bet-.%een which 6 rows of Dulse ionizal-.on
arranged. Batches of 3 of. th se.-chambers were
paralleland formed an ionization detei-_~r; each 4.7-, ~r 'vr-' ,
cc)nnected wlith a pulse amzlifier. The aevice
chamber; which formed 35 indepc-nd-n
of '05 ionization
I -is a schematical
ation detectors. Figure. I
t~e device. Section 3. deals -with the eva.],_istlon: of me as-;
results. it'Ls'discussed I n short. hD
'pulses are photographed by means of a mul - i - zhan-,6
graph onla cinematographic fl,m. Each lm' s
'on ar-
gauged. The pulse amplitudes and ionizat.
and diagrams similar to that, of figure 2 are malt-. Tn~-:;- j
the r)urpose of determining the angle of f
11primary" parti ClLes. In section 4 meastring resu's ar-:~

Card 21... e t a by a tab! Th ~,b
cussed, which are giver. in, d

L t I on
inve s ig a -~f ~he int -raz f P a 1 f~ z, W P_ r i~:` e s
7; i t h i r

40) '0' he
pn_rt; e energi 0. 9 1
a n s -a t a or.,~F-rni ng
(0 1 250 ~o -,hp- the t) 1 ac cf the
e r-1, c', ti on :
f rs~
nt
~ f p r ima r y par-i ~1
c-E; (0 4 300 th
e
~
.
1
'
'
L. in C e r -, f pa r t s r, 'r: e f I r S + = ay, I'M11 "40 6000) r. d
tl,,e se-~Dnd maxim,.im ('1p 1500), and, Tinally, the ru b e r o f

ng e"e~`r~ns (bet-ween. ani -30'.. A total of '0 a s I?s
C. M P a r. y L

alyze.d in behind 2 arbitrary rcws of
a a,
more thaii 250 rellativist-_~c parti-~Ies occurred. Sec -,i.on 5 Ti s -
-zsses results. Figure shows an exampIe of a nuclear- casca.4e
4r
form of a diagram, Jn which the number of ele--trons Is
'0 the abzorber th;~ckness. Figur, 4 shows the depender_7e
Iayer U-14-~kness
,~r th~- numbev- of interactions.
,
rapng,~, a -,~aiue of L
-2
-1. -a r r appiroaf~h to t~e vallt P z r e S p
~I el nh i - , i s ea nding
e a nu~'_*?ar ec:;,cn ofir
a ge~zm
0
2
i05 glcm Investigatior of the average inelastic-Ity
gejm

C', r a
-10
i -he T, e ras 3 -n 041 -.u-,-.,r?ar-act_ive partIcIes of

Pa r + s Ene-o~ e5 f
L n v e n, -;f "re jateraction of
'0
0 e "r 1,7 t h I r o n
r'~~t by a n tm~- 73; n --rernge
:r-, he, r, ~i s~ j f." I E;-
for d s~ t c, rm. i m r g Fx* ~j r g
d t
0 5 w1 r4 In ti i! ,: t 1, o T~ 6 the ~-A th~-
s F,( 6)
rari.~jf by neutrul. picnb aro-
71 la gi 'rer, iu
e rg y r i n sm ttcd by umc n I
--O~ 4 0. of primary partizle energy. Secti n 7 f r
t s o b ta i n e J 1~y determ~ 4.ng th!~ fi-nergy f.,,ix
a:* s w h tile
pt 4 r., c, f n u e eir i.ve par-.i energy a gr r~,a n~ r
or ckrnssi~-~4. De e.,,rninat was ~~,rrle6 m e a-, s c-
ne i on z. a t o r, The energy ~f '~;x dc,--ri~-sza V x
deP'n, for th~-
2-,!0 ecticn made r. -:~n-
range L i 'a giver ~an I c,.rr
at
rat n -ro ii -en F- s a a i f 7 0 g 'T-
f irally tnaT,Ak V S., K a f t r- G. Y?t n a n
laborat,~cr.. T-rt- an~ f ~F-n-
a b'..,~ and 16 rer eren -,c 4 of .4 h, i s, h a-rt- S,~ i
Card A4 ii

82887
;Z 1: 0 S/12o/60/000/02/Oi8/052
~2/K3�2
AUTHORS: Rapogort, I.D. and GoryuKol
TITLE: A Hodoscope Based on.Semiconductors
PERIODICAL: Pribory
1 ekhnika eksperimenta, 1960, No 2,
~pp 72~- 74 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: A detailed circuit~diagram of the equipment is shown in
Figure 1. All th transxstors in this device are.Soviet-
made, type P 13 __1while the diodes are of the type.DIB.;J
The upper portion of the circuit elements in the fijure
consists~of 25 transistorized gcted units;, themiddle
'portion contains 25 bistable trigger circuits, while
''the lower portlon contains,a-uni.vibraior and a blocking
oscillator. The bistable circuits are' the basic units of
the system* The transition of a.bistable circuit from
the first state of equilibrium into the second st-i~ady
state is effected by a voltage pulse from a corresponding
counter C.. The circuit, remains in'.the second steady
state till the instant of reading the state of the bi-.,
stable circuits;. it acts therefore,as a memory device
Card 1/1'3 containing.the information relating to a,given hodoscopic.
number. The negative pulses from the counters C are

82887
S/l2o/60/000/02/Oi8/(fi2
E192/E382.
A Hodoscope Based on Semiconductors
applied to the collector circuits of the gated input
units. These Dulses are almost fullv sunDressed, if,
signa.L. r is aosent. wnen rne posiLive
is applied, the circuit is unblocked and thus
from C can actuate-the bistable circuits.
,ing time for the coincidences between -C band
is of the order of 5 4s. The system operates
irily if the-amplitudes of the counter pulses.
2.5 V and those of the gating pulses are about
ie process of signal transmission is initiated
.ing pulse P (Figure 1).. This.signal.aeltuatles
ktor and opens.a blocking oscillator which
Lerating a tra.in,of positive pulses having an
of 4 V and a duration of 7 Its.. The pulses
ed at intervals,of 200 ps. These pulses are
theAnput circuits of all the bistable circuits:.
if thediodes (Figure 1). The first pulse
.1 the WAable triggers to their original steady
Card 2/3 state. Consequently, the collectors of these circuits

S/12o/60/000/02/0.18/052
A Hodoscope Based on S Iemiconductors E192/E382
produce transients which actuate the neighbouring trigger
circuits. In this, way.successive resetting pulses from
~the.blocking oscillator produce a shifting of the infor-
mation stoked in,the triggercircuits. As.a result of
this operation positive pulses are produced at the output
of the last bistable trigger. The hodoscopic channels are
-arranged in groups of 25, each,group being provided with
its own blocking oscillator4 The out ach
put signals of e,
group are applied toa common output circuit., The blocking
oscillator produces 30 pulses, since the monostable multi-,
vibrator returns to-its steady state after, the interval
corresponding to 30 periods of the blocking oEcillatort,
There are 1 figure and, 5 referemees, 1. of which is English
and 4 are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Nauchno-issledovatellskiy~institut yadernoy fiziki
MGU (Scientific-Research Institute.for Nuclear Physics of
MGU)
::SUBMITTED: March 161 1959
~Card'3/3

85362
S/12o/60/000/005/036/051
E032/E3i4
AUTHOR: Raeoport, I.D.
TITLE:* Method of Increasing the Sensitivity of Photogra hic
:9
f Charxed particle
Recording of Dense Showerso
PERIODICAL: Pribory i tekhnika eksperimenta, 196o, No. 5,
PP. 130 - 131
TEXT: In an earlier paper (Ref. 1), we described a method of
deteating dense showers otcharged particles based on contact
photography of scintillations produced by electron-nuclear
showers generated by,ul,trahigh energy cosmic mys. This kind
of.'indicator facilitates the detection of high-energy nuclear-~
ed with the aid of emulsion
interaction events investigat
chambers and stacks, but is also capable of,providing additional
nformation about the 'density of particles in.the shower and
their angular distri.bution., In oir-der to extend this method to
the region of lower densities and also to ensure more reliable,
~_rec6rding of~showers, it may be pos sible to reduce the
detection threshold.. In Ref. 1 this threshold was estimated
as ~-.10 relativistic. particles (passing through aregion of
Card 1/3

85362
S/12o/6o/000/005/036/051
E032/E314
Method of Increasing the Sensitivity of Photographic Recording
of Dense Showers of Charged Particles
12
O.J. cm radius), which corresponds.to an energy of 10 ev of
the primary particle initiating the shower. By using suitable
materials and improved design, it was possIble to reduce the
detection threshold very considerably. In the new detector,
we employed a high-sensitivity X-ray film (Agfa-Rapid) and
a - tungs tat escreen (UFD-2))-48 the phosphor. The
_,X-ray film, which was coated,~;_n -both"sides, was placed between
two luminescence screens, tightly pressed against it,
Experiments showed that this arrangement increased the
sens'itivity of the film to fast electrons by an order of
magni-tude (Fig. 1). According tothe calibration curve (Fig.2)
2
for a collimated beam of electrons (10 mm cross-section)
10
.'Obtained from a Sr - sources this system can be used to record
3
showers of --10 particles, i.e. with primary particle energy
in the range ~10 eV. The photorecording layer and the-
phosphors were in direct contact.with a lead filter (thickness
Card 2/3

85362
s/i2o/6o/000/005/036/051
E032/E314
Method of Increasing the Sensitivity of Photographic Recording
of.Dense Showers of.Charged Particles
of tile order of one radiation length) which was used to
develop the electron-pho.ton shower initiated by high-energy
~pho,tons-(electrons) incident on the filter, or produced inside
the filter by a nuclear-active particle. The high atomic
number and the high density of the medium ensured a high particl
flux and small shower radius. ~This detector can be incorporated
as.6 useful component in emulsion chambers.
There are 2 figures and I Soviet'reference,
ASSOCIATION1 Nauchno-issle-dovatel'skiy institut yadernoy
fiziki MGU (ggientific Romparcli* Tn;tt f fute n f
Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University)
SUBMITTED, September 21, 1959
Card 3/3

AMIORSr Babay!an, Kh.P., Grigorov, N.L. Dubrovin, M.M., L.G
YurzIn, V.S., Sarychsva,~L.1_ Sobinyakay, V.A., Rappop~;rt, I.D.
TITLE t Investigation of Interact!on or ioll io 12 ev snergetle particles
with nuclei of ircn and graphiln
PEPI ODICAL, ReferAtivny7 zhurnal, Fi%ikr, no. 10, 196.1, 5-5 abatra&. low"06
("Tr. Mezhd-.mAr, konferents'.1. po kosmich. lucham, 1959, v, 1", Mor, -
cow, AN SSSR, 1960, 176 - 182)
-Ine authors present the remults of an Invnntlgat*.-~n, carried out. I
means of &n Ionization calorimeter, of Interactions or 1011-1011~ ev particles
WV~h nuclei of iron and Sr Iaph.it* on the Aragats mountain (3,200 m Abov4 sea levei).
la z,~Kown that.- 1) Coefficient of Inelasticity of 'Intera-ctIon of particloo
w1th onergy E. :~-' 2;1011 ev with iron nuclei rop, w 1.0 ~j 0.09; 2) in t1he intor,
a~-tlrr, with the Iron nucleus of a ZA1011 ev nualoon, one onargnttcally outstand-
rart!cle Is produced with average energy of^.*Eo, probability of this occur-
rvnce being close to unity; most probable this p&rtlOle Is a Z'-meson; 3) P,*
rean coefficient ofinelasticity of interactions of particles with E0 jr to, ey
card 1/2

or lzteraction
L. Dorman
[Atztra~ter's,note- Complets transle,t
Card
212
)rl

33143
S/120/61/000/006/009/04i
E039/E485
AUTHORS~ Goryunov., N.N., Rapoport,- 1,,D.
tit elements
TITLE,, A hodo,scope system using magn
PERIODICAL., Pribory i tekhnika eksperiment no,6~1 1961, 59-~61i*
TEXT,~ A hodoscope system is described which uses ferrite-
transistor:elements and hence is 'small and light with a low
energy consumption, It is designed for,use with a.very large
number-of Geiger counters (lo3 to~104). The.circuit shown in
the figure is one section of the apparatus which operates with
20 channels, There are:two basic processes!- the recording.
and subsequent reading of the hodoscope signals. The record is
produced on toroidal.ferrite,cores which-have.a. rectangular
hysteresis loop, The speed of the system is determined by the
maximum permissible rate.of reading and is limited by the time
consta,nt-of the circuits coupling the cores. At Li~= 100 uh,
Ci, jif, the permissible reading frequency is about 50 kc
It is practicable to vary the values of Li and Ci in the
circuit, with the given triodes and cores, to bring the
frequency,-up to about 1001kc. The construction is economical.~
it is claimed to requireonly half the number of components per
Card 1/1

S/560/61/000/010,/014/016
D299/-D'zO'G'
AUTHORS:. Grigorov, N, L~- Zhuravlev,.D, A, Kondratlyeva
M11 A,. Rapoport, I, ~D, and Savenko., 1. A.
Searc 4- i or
TITLE: if -T-Or'an t i a t t e in cosmic rad-41 a =d
space
SOURCE,;. Akademiya nauk SSSR. Iskusstvennyye s p u tn~ J_ k
96-97
Zemli, no 10. Moscow, 1961,
TEXT,, --contain~ncr 439 emulsion layers of
An eamulsion flask
2
type 'P (BR)~, size 10 x 10 cm - thickness 400 --was placed
on the 2nd Soviet Sputnik~- The flask was exDosed for about 24
hours,at an altitude of 30O.-km, Brought back to earth, the
flask was chemically,treated and:then analyzed, The analysi 9
was:carried out by means of the microscope MEYI-D.(MBI-2) with
total magnification 105~ Thereby, the multi-charge nuclei and
"stars" created by tnese nuclei, which werestopped-in the
Card (1/D

-.S/560//61/000/010/014/016
Search for, antimatter.,4 D299/D302
3
emulsion, were observed, In a volume of 656 Cm . of emulol-on,
442 ordinary riuclei were found, as.well as 320 "stars." None
~of the "i3tars" posBossed the characteristica pertaining to
ihilation of multi-charge particles which come to rest. 'As-
suming Chat antinuclei-have the same energy spectrum as ordinary
,and t ing into consider tion that out of 442 mult-"-
nuclei ak- a
charge nuclei not a single anti-nucleus was found, it follows.
that the fraction of antinuclei with Z.> 2C in cosmic radiation
ordinary nuclei of. the same charge.
does not exceed 0.,,230 of
Asimilar result was obtained by D, M-, Haskin et al (Ref.. 1~'
Trudy Mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii.po koemicheakim 111cham (Inter-
national Conference on Cosmic Radiation), vt III. Izd-vt) Ali
'Assuming antimatt
SSSR,, 1-960, p, 138)~ ler be scattered, in the
as ind it is Poss;ble to make an
solar system i-vidual atoms~ i
Upper estimate of antimatter density as fol.1ows:, The flow of
rama- quanta with energy of the order of 10 ev Is
i
ff, a
Card 2/4

s/12o/62/000/003/016/048
;'135
E039/L
!Zapopoz I.D.
T IT LIZ ~'ecordinL the wtiplitude of pulses from a large
ivu%i')er~ of counters
1,)62
Pribory i toklinika eksperinicnta. 110-3, 75-78
a.'~:T: Description of an econo-mical system for recording the
Ili:ZU(IO o,'-'
f ro:i'. 1000 radiation det ctors. -Considered to
be t""Ic fir6t ti..ie ail zc)!iaratus has been built to handle this
nu.::, C
be.- of counters. om:.,tutation is achieved by means of a
J
circuit containing i.iechanical and electronic switches. Electronic,
s~,-iitclws cre tized for switching grouped channels; for the
Sa,)arate groups mech'anical conitutators of,small*volume with 100 to
200 seg;-ients are- tuied. The circuitry and its operation are
:deserib';~d in r(sa-t5o.-inible detail. The amplification characteristic
of the preamplifiers collsists of two linear sections, i.e. firsts
rart litiear up to 5 volts input (1,0 volts output) and the second.
a r t coiizinties linearly up to - 100 volts input and output.
't -,Isitivity is achieved by the use of control
oi-"atic Control Of 5(:
's I -'Ila l!5 of anapl _(5 m.0 Analysis of the recorded data
itude
Card 1/2

F;, S-.3 m
NEMEN wmm~ -

ACCESSION NR: AR40321S4
coupling,, which. is alternately connected by*the selector switch
to all the channels. The experimefital setup is designed for 40
lj~ switch bla.des -The stator., of the switching unit is. made of Plexi-
rglas and-Icontains'40 sections. witb:metallizod surfides. Anl.air,
Tcapacitor-is formed between each s4ction~and a metillized track on
c-
the surface of the rat&r.whinever.tbi latter passes through -the: so
tion.~ Tho maximuid c ikcitance produced:in this caseis 30 pF. The
Ap
between.the pick-off.track~.of.the,rotor.and the output is.
also.capacitive (950,pF). The construction provides for screening
and,removal of th*.electric charge which may.arise on the surface of.*
the Plexiglas when the rotor turnwrapidly. Thi~.influence.of the
r-ross-coupling networks, of the rotor.speed,.and of other factors
on the accura with which the pule* anplitudes are transmitt dis.
CY
analyze .d in detail. Calculations A" rimental characte Iri:tics
expel A
are presented for,the:switching unit.~ The transfer characteristic
is linear in an input 'amplitude r!azqe from 0.5 to 450 V., The volt
7transfer cooffici*nts of the diffewent channels do not differ by.
-C~wd 2/3_.

1 -1: -- iii ;;~Z'-~,~~ I ~ ~ I
I

~ACCESSICN NR: AP4009625 S/0253/63/001/003/0436/o442
~AUTHORS4 Grigorov, N. L.; Zhuravlev, D A.; Kondrat'yev, M. A.; Rapoport, 1. D.;
Savenko., 1. A.'
TITLE: Investigation of-cosmic radiation beyond the limits of the atmosphere
SOURCE: Kosmicheskiye issledovaniya, v. 1, no. 3, 1963, 436-442
TOPIC TAGS: cosmic radiation, extra-atmospheric cosmic-radiation, cosmic
radiation-measurement, cosmic radiation intensity, cosmic particle ionization
ABSTRACT: Tests conductedon~the traces of charged particles in an emulsion,
subjected to radiation at 6 height,-of 306-339kilometers, showed that the
y.of the,record,ed.radiation.was, sree times that of primary cosmic radia-
tensit t
tion.-iApproximately 50*Xof the excess particles are nonnuclear-active particles
w,i th minimal ionization'(in al).likehhood, these,are electrons). -The remaining
excess.particles are highly ionizinr, and are the products of nuclear splitting.
Fig.1 of the Enclosure indicates ~helresults of,te5ts carried out with.-counters,
on the second.cosmic ship,. as.wei,'. as the.intensity of cosmic radiation measured
'by A. 14. Cha'rakhchlyan and.T. N, Charakhchlyan. (A. W. Charakhchlylan, T.
CharaWich-yan.,Zh.~ eksperim. I teoret'. fiz.. 35, 1088, .1958). it is pointed ourz
tp stence .if excess'-radiation in the form of charged particles
co ,,.qugh the exi-
yt

ACCESSION-NR: AP4009625
has been noted in a number. of papers dealing with radiation studies at heights. of
~200-300 km the nature of this radiation and the mechanism of its formation is.
not yet.c.lear (that Is, whether they are protons of the internal.radiation belt
or, whether these excess particles are genetically related to primary cosmic,radia.-
tion). on the second cosmic ship a photo-aniulsion unit was installed, consisting
~'ofMq layers of emulsion NIUVIR" loxio cm2, with a layer thickness of 400
micronr,..,Since the emulsion recorded all particles integrally not discriminat.-
ing_thLm in terms of time for purposes of comparison of the emulsion data with
the counter-tube data, it was necessary,to average the latter for the entire
'flight time, considering the time the instrument was located at different lati-
:tudes and.the dependence of radiation intensity on observation site latitude.
Emulsion sensitivity was sufficient to provide reliable recording of particles
-with minimal Ionization. The absolute intensity of the particles was determined,
.to ensure that all the particles recorded by the counter-tubes were also recorded
byIthe emulsion. it was found that more than 60%,of the emulsion-recorded pa,rti-
cles.are particles with minimum l6izaiion, while 40% of the particles showed an
[onization.of 9/9- ir>,~] .4 (9 - grain density) The author explained the techntque'~
m
used..to determine what partof the h.igh-lionization particles was . formed by
.nuclear.splitting. This method-.Was based on the fact that at various heights in
the atmosphere streams of high-ionizing:particies,,under various filters and in.
the air are Identical and proportional, to thestream of the star-generating
Card 2/5,li

ACCESSION NR,; AP4009625
component at a given height; that is, to the number of"starg' formed in Icc,
of emulsion per unit time., in order to determinc the number of stars, three ob-
ifica
servers were used to inspect an emulsion area of 0.072 cc, with a magnt t$on
or,1450X. Stars were recorded With a number of'grey and black traces Nh?3. The
authors 1'ound 2260 + 170 stars/cc/day,with N >3' that is, from nuclear splitting
one may anticipate 0*.25 +.0.04 particles/c 2~~Sel
m c. The author also concluded
protons of the inner.radiation belt, incident in an i
onization interval
2.4