SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT RAYNES, R.L. - RAYS, G.B.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001444410019-3
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: December 30, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 19, 2000
• Sequence Number: 19
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

- A 1. ~ 47 - -1 -1 1
"- ? I ~ , z , , ~ 'x, .
GORYAINOV, O.A.; RALYHES, R.L.; GINZBURG, S.A., redaktor; FRIDKIN, A.M.,
takhnicheski)r redaktor.
[Remote control] Teleupravlenie. Moskva, Goa. energ. izd-vo,
1954. 511 P. (KL'IA 7: 12)
(Remote control)

AID P - 2341
Subject USSR,/~leclu-riclty
Card 1/2 Pub. 27 - 5/30
Author Raynes, R. L., Eng., Moscow
Title Principles of a system of telecontrol with static
components
Periodical Elektrichestvo, 5, 24-26, MY 1955
Abstract The author presents a new approach to telecontrol in
which most of the relay-contact components are replaced
with contactless st-tic ones. He describes an experi-
mental installation developed at the Central Scientific
Research Electrical Laboratory in which components of
input signals and all the path that initiates control
action are executed by static elements. The installation
uses a 50 cycle current. A 30-km long overhead steel
line was used as communication channel. Step-by-step
1~1_jI04_ line finders were used as signal distributors. All
, auxiliary circuits employed a total of 5 contact relays.
During a 1 1/2 year period about 4000 experimental tele-
transmissions were carried out with satisfactory results.
Five diagrams.

Elektrichestvo, 5, 24-26, MY 1955
Card 2/2
Institution: No data
AID P - 2341
Submitted : Ag 24, 1954

RAY111~1.~11 9 R. 11.
"Installation of Remote Control of TsNIEL*in Electric Power Systems"
(Ustroystva teleupravleniya TsNIEL v energetiche:7kikh sistemalel) from the
book-Telemechanization in the National Econo , pp. 189-202, Iz. AN SSSR,
Moscow, 1956
(Given at meeting held in Moscow, 29 Nov to 4 De~jby Inst. of Automatics
and Telemechanics AS USSR)
Raynes identified with Central Scientific Researchj4*~t*W)W# Electrical
Engineering Laboratory of the Min. of Elec. Power Stations (TsNIEL HES)'

v)
iAl-15013204 BOOK EXPLOITATION UR/
621.398
iRq~~e,_Roman Lazar h; Goryeinov, Oleg Aleksandrovich
7-
;r,"Mote control (Teleupraveniye) 2d ed., rev. Moscow, Izd-vo "Energiya", 1965."535 p4~
'willus., biblio. 15,000 copies printed
!TOPIC TAGS: remote control system, remote signalling system, Information theo
ry,
:coding, remote control, signal separation, m1tichannel remote control
Isystem, remote control equipment, pulse generator, distribution unit, decoding
unit, coding unit, trigger unit, telemechanics
PURPOSE AND COVERAGE: This book is intended for specialists in the field of
Wesigning, construction, and operation of remote control and telemechanical equip-
ment, as well as for students at schools of higher education taking related courses.'
The book contains information on the main elements a d its of remote control
n
equipment and also onindustrial remote control devicesl The principles of message
coding and the fundamentals of information theory are discussed. Th,2 authors expres.s
their gratitude to the reviewer, Candidate of Technical Sciences N. D. Soukhoprudskiy---
l
and the editori Candidate of Technical Scietices A. N. Yurasov. The introductioni,
lChapters 1-4, 6 fexcept foi 5 6-4, b and 5 6-7-,a and b), 7 ?except for 9 7-3,d),
9,10 and 8, 9 8-1, 8-2, 8-6-8-9 were written by R. L. Raynes, 5 6-4, b,.� 6-7,
Card 1/7

L 20329-66
AM5013204
a and b, and S 8-3;-8-5., by 0. A. Goryaninov, and Chapter 5, by Candidate of Techni-
cal Sciences V. A. Zhozhikadhvili.
ITABLE OF CONTENTS!
Foreword 3
Introduction 13
Ch. I. Fundamentals of information theory 20
1. General information --- 20
2. Basic concepts and defintions -- 24
3. Noise. Methods of combatting it -- 46
Ch. II. Methods of Separating Electric Signals 51
1. General information -- ~l
2. Pulse indexes -- 55 7
3.' Circuit method of signal separation 63.,
4. Frequency method of separation -- 64
5. Time method of separation 66
Card-2/2

20-329-.66-..
AM/)007086
6. Cophase motion of distributors 70
7. Phase separation of signals -- 76
8. Separation of pignals according to level 76
9. Separation of signals according to shape 77
10. Combined separition 78
Ch. III. Co
mmunications coding 79
1. Basic concepts and arithmetic systems 79
2. Code classification and characteristics -- 85
3. Conversion of code combinations into an electric signal 1.15
4. Conversion of a signal by coding 118
5. Graphic representation of codes 120
6. Geometric model of a signal 122
7. Graphical method -- 124
8. Devising error-correcting codes -- 127
9. Nonuniform-and optimum codes 136
IV. Signal'structures and Systems of Remote Control (AC) and Remote Sign*alUng
kRS) -- 140
Basic terminology and definitions- 140

2. General characteristic of RC systems - 143
3. RC- HS~ systems of the first group (short range) 148
4. Multichannel class of RC-M*' systems -- 149
5. Combination class of RC-RS devices - 166
6. Mixed type of RC-RS devices -- 176
I. V. Reliability of RC-RS devices 196
1. Basic concepts and definitions 196
'2. Exponential law of reliability 198
3. Dependence of the coefficients of the degree of damage to elements and parts
on various factors -- 202
4, Probability of trouble-free operation of RC-RS devices 205
',h. VI. Elements 6f'equipment in RC-RS devices -- 216
1. General considerations -- 216
2. Electromagnetic d-c relays -- 220
3. Electromechanical switches used in the equipment 232
4; Contactless relays and devices -- 234
5. Frequency selection devices -- 267
6. Stable frequency oscillators of sinusoidal. oscillations 283,
Card 4/7

L 20329-66
AM5013204

7. Inertialess switch -- 283
cal elements -- 288
8. Logi

Ch. VII. Basic units of RC-RS systems 300
1 . Functions and structures of units in RC-R-c devices 300
2. Pulse generators -- 303
3. Distribution units -- 319
4. Decoding units -- 357
5. Coding units -- 399
6. Coders and decoders of pulse indexes 403
7. Triggering units -- 409
8. Individual units of a remote signal system 417
9. Individual RC'units -- 426
Ch. VIII. RC-RS devices for concentrated objects 429
1. General characteristics 429
2. UTS-3 type of RS device 436
39 RST-1 type*of RC-RS device 440
4.' UrM-1 type of RC-RS device 443
5. BTTs-1/1-0 type of RC-RS device 449

Card 5/7

L 20329-66
FAM5013204
6. TME-lH type of RC-RS 455
7; BRT-F type of RC-RS device 464.
8. BTS-1 type of calling RS device -- 470
9. UTES-62 type of RC-RS device -- 477
Ch. IX. RC-RS devices for dispersed objects 480
1. Basic premises -- 480
2. RS device based on the intensity method 482
3. Complex telemechanical device -- 484
4. BChST-1116 type of RC-RS device -- 487
5. Circular frequency RC devices -- 493
6. Centralized traffic control (CTC) -- 514
Ch. X. Short Range RC-RS devices -- 520
1. General information -- 520
2. Principles for designing RC-RS devises with individual wires 521
3. Multiwire RC-R9 device using separation diodes -- 524
4.- RC-RS device without signal relays -- 525
5. RC device with several power supply sources -- 527
6. RC device based on the phase principle 528
Card 617

L 20329--~66
NO REF SOV: 103
Card 7/7

RAYNES, R.L., kand. tekhn. nauk
Present-day status of remote control in electric paver distribution
systems. Trudy VNIIE no.121l4-30 161. (MIRA 18s4)
1. Vsesoy-uznyy nauchno-issledavatellskty-inatitut slektroenergatiki.

RAY]j'ES, Poman Lazarevich; GORYANOV, Oleg Aleksan6rovIch. Prinimal
uchastlye ZlIGNIKASHVILI, V.A.., kand. tekhr. nauk;
SUFFOPHULSKIVY, G.D., kand. tekhr.. nauk, retsenzent
YU-ItASOV, A.N., md.
Denote control'] Teleupravlenie. Izd.2., perer. Moskva,
Energiia, 1965- 535 P. ("!DA 18:2)

RAYNES? R.L.P inah.
Use of renot* eantrol, in electric power systens. Trudv VNIR
no.70-16 158,
Hathods for-increasing the speed of a time distributed code.
Ibid.:91-114 (MIRA 16t12)

6A3.3
1
nbm;rud,~-., oortow.-kh
iLch3ne-r~," Len
3 didgrs t--ibles.

BYKHOVSKIT. Ta.L., kand. tekhn. nauk; 4YNIS, R.L., inzh.; SOKOLOV, T.B.,
inzh.
Selection of telemetering ecj~dpmsnt. Blek sta. 30 no.2:76-77
y 159. (MIRA 12:3)
(Telemetering-lquipmeut and supplies)

ter 7
tech Sci
Of ~zmta-sh XiltZ
for -M-Moto con"vollf. moscrlw, pp (Mlin Hie~ier Educ Lus-R) 1MGSco-'~ C)rder
of Umin Pcy"r` ErL`JMOVIRI~' TnoL), ('OPIOB (KL, No 4, 1959, L7()

AID P - 1885
Subject USSR/Electricity
Card 1/2 Pub. 28 - 2115~
Authors Azimov., B. A., Mellnikov, M. I., and Raynin, B. L.
N~_ -- 4ft_"W^W'
Title Operation characteristics of electric drive of drilling
hoist
Periodical Energ. byul., no.- -21, Mr 1955
Abstract The authors present the results of their analysis of
observations of the electric drive operation of the
U2-5-4 drilling hoist of the "Uralmash-4E"
petroleum drilling out-fit, a very late design,
equipped with two 330 kw motors of MAB-138-6 type.
Five diagrams and two tables accompany the text.
The second table provides detailed information on
lowering and hoisting drilling tools and casing, the
techniques involved , and the time and power consumed
by each operation.

Energ. byul., no.3, 13-21, Mr 1955
Card 2/2 Pub. 28 - 2/5
Institution : None
Submitted : No date
i
AID P - 1885

IONAS, B.Ya.; GIROVSKIY. Y.F.; RAYNIN, S.N.; SYRTSOVA, Ts.D.;
USMISKIYI V.V.; SUSS,
Basic financial problems of housing and public building construc-
tion in Moscow. Gor.khoz.Mook. 28 no. 7:15-20 Jl 154. (XLRA 7:7)
(Moscow--Construction industry) (Construction industry-
Hoscov)

H-YN'Iltlj 147.1-e.,
cf a : , , . . , , . , -
ll.~ I A lr ~ ,., -1- 7 - ~ - I.- .:
loess-like li-Euns. lZV, ~'! c-'~ -

/V "2'
BTJLGARIA/C'LL1tivatcd Plants - Potatoes, Vegetables, Melor.s. M-3
Abs Jour Ref Mur - Biol.) NO 3, 1958, 10839
Author RayqMold, Y., Gloch, V.
Inst
Title New, Improved Bulgarian Tomato Varieties.
Orig, Pub Ovotilichitrstvo i GradinarsLvo, 1957, NO 1, 44-47
Abstract A comparative greenhouse trial, conducted in Bulgaria,
of 6 Bulgarian varieties selected by Professor Daskalov,
4 widely used German varieties, and 4 Dutch heterozyse
varieties has demonst-rated the superiority of the follo-
wing Bulgarian heterozyse varieties in yield: No 10 x
Bizon, No 10 x Plovdivsl-dy konservnyy, and Kometa x Zarya.
The German variety, Helfrucht, was in the fourth place.
All the other ten varieties gave significantly lower
yields. The Bulgarian varieties were outstanding for
their heightened resistance to cladosporiosis.
Card 1/1
7

BEDFAR, Zdenek, inz.; HOSEK, Ihil, inz. ; -RAYKC!", Bedrich
Contribution to the information on fir regression in the
former Olomouc region. Les cas 9 no.7:649-672 J1163-
1. Ustav pro hospodarskou uprava lesu, pracoviste Olomouc.

i M n N X C, ty -4~

A
IGIV" PO-UP-3 -'5/Pq-VP9--4--w
708-6~ EWWP:!~ V~ -o
ACCESSION NR, AT5014771 UR/2552/65/000 04 /0083/0087
3
AVMOR- Bagramyants, V.O.; Ranot
TITLE: Some results of the investigation of marine gravimeters made by VNIX
geofiziki W"t
10
SOURCE: Moscow. Veesoyuznyy nauchno-isaledovateil'skiy instLtut geofizicheskikhd:.~'
metodov razvedki. Prikladnaya geofizika, no., 43 19-65,: 83-87
TOPIC TAGS: marine gravimeter error, overdamped ship gra,vimeter, universal-jo'in't.
supported gravimetergyrostabilized gravimeter,.platform supported gravimeter
ABSTRACT: Earlier results-of gravity measurements on surface vessels during
large accelerations could not be explained by the generaltheory of gravitation of
moving frames (A.1. Frolov, P.A. Stroyev,.Opyt.opredeleniya sily tyazhes na' move
a zatushennymi gravimetrami, Symposium Prikladnaya geofizika, N0.37, , t4
Gostoptekhizdat, 1963), Consequently, the-answer.was sought itk simultaneous ob-
servation of differently supported gravimeters (universal joint-and gyrostabillied--
platform instruments). This became possible In 1963 when the VNIZgeof Lzf*i pro7~
I
rs use~at sea on a hydrograph c,ship
duced and mounted overdamped gravimete or
(6000 t displacement).,
7

---~5008-65-
'ACCESSION VR. AT5014771
With 8-9 point waves,.tho'heeling of the specially.-Stabilized shi -rarely exceeded
10-150. The SZ-4 gravimeter was mounted on a 'short-period universal -joint and ie--,
used a visual registration approach, while the SZ-11 and*SZ-7 gravimetere mounted':
on the gyrostabilized N-55 platform used photographic registration. Tests shoved-.
that data from the universal-joipt supparted,gravimet."er agreed with the theory of.
perturbing acceleration effects on the reading:(Brown corrections), Howevdr.in.
the gyrostabilized gravimeterreadings, -the systematic errors-were not,correlated
with the amplitude of the perturbing.accel.eiationso'.,The use of.two gravimeters: at,
appropriate locations of the common gyrost.abilike-d.platform considerably reduces
-formul
the influence of the acceleration compouent.'Orig._ar.t. has-: -.5, as a_#,d.;,~.,._-...,-.,,.,:,
2 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Vaesoyuznyy nauchn6.4491sdovatal sk*y institut.geofixichesk,
odav rarvedki, Hoscow (All-Union Scientific Research Institute bf Go
met op
Surveying Methods)
7,
SUB11ITTED4. 00
:0
TOM SM
0
NO PM SOV: DOI OML. 000
LCard 12
L-2 -

RADIOLOGY
BUWA,F6A
RAYNOVI,-k,, IVANOV, B., and KOLAROV, V., Chair of Pathophysiology
(Director, Prof. St. Pisarev), Advanced Medical Institute, Sofia; Scien-
tific Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene (Director, Docent Iv. Niko.
laev); Institute of Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Director,
Academician G. Hadzhakov)
"Protein Synthesis in Protected and Unprotected White Mice with Acute
Radiation Sickness"
Sofia, Eksperimentalna Meditsina i Morfologiya , Vol 5, No 1, 1966t
pp 13-18
35
Abstract: The inclusion of methionine S into the tissue proteins
of white mice irradiated with X-rays in a dose of 525 r was studied.
Some of the mice were protected before irradiation by intraperitoneal
injection of thiophene-2-carboxylic acid N-phenylamidine or ergamine.
112

Pilysiology
BULGARIA
RAYN~V,,A., KOLAROV, V.: Chair of Pathological Physiology (Head Prof. St.
PIi.sdrev)) Higher Medical Institute, Sofia
"Disturbances in the Intensity of Protein Synthesis on Multiple Exposure of the
Organism to Streptococcal Infection"
Sofia, Eksperimentalna Meditsina i 14orfologiya, Vol 5, No 3, 1966, PP 179-182.
Abstract: In experiments conducted on rats, the intensity of protein metabolism
in the brain, heart, liver., kidneys, and adrenals was studied by injecting
35s-methionine and determining the activity in these organs. For healthy, unin-
fected animals the rate of assimilation of methionine decreased in the order
kidneys > liver > adrenals > myocardium > brain. Upon infection of rats with
streptococci, the rate of assimilation of methionine decreased in comparison
with control anim ls. The extent of the decrease reached a maximum in the brain,
liver, adrenals, and myocardium after the third infection and in the kidneys
after the second infection. After the fourth (last) infection, a tendency towards
an increase in the intensity of protein synthesis developed, as indicated by the
rates of assimilation of methionine. The initial rates of assimilation were not
reached', however. The infections were carried out at intervals of 14 days.
Tables., 10 references (8 USSR, 2 Western). Russian and English sumraries. Man-
uscript received Oct 65-
TjArjto~, _K. K. , DEREVITSKIY, P. F. , SENOTTENKO, 11. A. , A. P. ,
SIDEL'KOVSKIY, L. N., and Malets, A. M.
Furnace for high-temperature roasting of fine-grained pyrite.
USSR patent 102,612, 25 May 1957

DURA3S;, G.S.; ~AYIIOVq K.K.
Technical development of the manufacture of sulfuric acid by the
contuct process. Zhur.VKHo 6 no.1:27-38 161. (IMPLA 11-:3)
(Sulfuric acid)

PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION 319
Raynov, R., Professor
Meteorologiya (Meteorology) 2d rev. ed. Sofia, Universitetska
pechatnitsa, 1948. 520 p. (Universitetska bibliotekA, no. 356)
PURPOSE: This is an improved (second edition) manual of meteorology
for university students.
COVERAGE: The book covers the entire field of meteorology, weather
forecasting, and to a certain extent the field of climato-
logy, with-special emphasis on conditions in Bulgaria.
Relatively small attention is paid to the practice of long-
term and short-term forecasting. The following meteorolog-
ical instruments are described and illustrated by figures
(photographs or drawings): three types of psychrometers;
the Richard thermograph; two pyrheliometers; an actinometer;
two heliographs; a soil.,thermometer; 4-katathermometer
(of the Hill type); a coolometer (called here a "frigoro-
meter"); a meteorograph (mounted on an airplane); two
evaporation gauges; a hygrograph; a hygrometer; a nephoscope
(of the Besson type); three rain-gauges (one of them a
Card 1/20 pluviograph); a snow-gauge; an aneroid barometer; a thermo-

Meteorology
319
barometer; a barograph; four wind vanes. Many of these instru-
ments were made by R. Fuess, Berlin-Steglitz. There are 198
figures (including maps) and no references.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS: Introduction. Subject, Fields and Methods. Meteorological
Observations. Meteorological Stations. 1
Ch. I. Atmosphere
1. Height of atmosphere 5
2. Composition of atmosphere 8
3. Dependence of composition on elevation 13
4. Layers of atmosphere 16
5. Physical features of atmosphere 20
6. Specific heat; conductivity; light and heat
absorption 20
7. Gas laws 22
8. Equation of state (for gases) 25
Card 2/20

Meteorology
9. Barometric formula (of pressure)
10. Weight of one cubic meter of air
11. Adiabatic process in atmosphere
12. Changes of temperature with pressure
processes
13. Poisson's equation
14. Potential temperature
15. Entropy and potential temperature
16. Changes of temperature with elevation
processes
Ch. II. Atmospheric and Terrestrial Radiation
1. Laws of radiation
2. Solar radiation
3. Thermal intensity of solar radiation
4. Bouger law
5. Lambert's law
6. Measuring of solar radiation
7. Calorimetric method
Card 3/20
319
in adiabatic
in adiabatic
27
29
31
33
34
35
35
36
38
39
4o
4o
43
44
44

Meteorology
319
8. Compensation (thermoelectric) method 47
9. Bimetallic method 48
10. Actinoipeter of Arago-davy type 50
11. Heliograph 51
12. Daily Rate of solar radiation 53
13. Annual rate of solar radiation 55
111. Change in intensity of solar radiation with elevation 56
15. Dally, monthly and annual amounts of solar radiation 57
16. Thermal spectrum of solar radiation 6o
17. Terrestrial radiation 62
18. Results of observations 66
19. Radiation characteristics of various soil surfaces 69
20. Reflection of characteristics of land surfaces 70
21. Physiological Radiation [i.e. intensity of
insolation in physiological action on vegetation] 72
22. Atmospheric radiation 73
23. Thermal radiation in the atmosphere 73
24. Dispersed radiation in atmosphere 74
25. Observation results 75
Card 4/2o

Meteorology
319
Ch. III. Temperature Conditions in the Earth Crust and Soils
1. Measurement of soil temperature 78
2. Warming and cooling of soil 79
3. Utilization of solar heat by various soils 81
4. Temperature variations of land surfaces 82
5. Harmonic function and analysis of simple periodic
waves 82
6. Diurnal temperature rate on land surfaces 85
7. Annual temperature rate over land surfaces 86
8. Distribution of heat in soil 87
9. Temperature changes with depth 91
10. Isopleths of soil temperature 91
11. Influence of soil temperature on snow- and vegetation-
covered surfaces 92
12. Influence of position of slopes on soil temperature 94
13. Temperature of water surfaces 95
14. Distribution of temperature on water surfaces 97
Card 5/420

Meteorology
319
Ch. IV. Temperature Conditions in Lower Atmospheric Layer
1. Warming and cooling of air 98
2. Measurement of air temperature 100
3. Measurement of temperature of near-surface
layer of air 105
4. Diurnal rate of air temperature lo6
5. Irregularities in diurnal rate of temperature 110
6. Mean daily temperature ill
7. Annual rate of air temperature 112
8. Isopleths of air temperature 116
9. Disturbances in annual rate of air temperature 117
10. Nonperiodical fluctuations in temperature 119
11. Horizontal distribution of air temperature 120
12. Displacement of isotherms 192
13. Mean temperatures along parallels 123
14. Temperature anomalies 124
15. Theoretical investigations of distribution of
temperature above surface 125
Card 6/20

Meteorology
319
16. Specific conditions in the near-surface layer
of atmosphere 127
17. Temperature conditions on flat and barren surface 127
18. Temperature conditions on vegetation-covered surface 129
19. Influence of temperature on vegetation 136
20. Temperature of vegetation 137
21. Problems of frosts 139
22. Frosts forecasting 141
23. Protective measures against frosts 144
24. Problem of freezing 14
25. Effective temperature 14Z
26. Katathermometers and coolometers 149
Ch. V. Temperature Conditions in Upper Layer of Atmosphere
1. Vertical distribution of temperature 151
2. Temperature changes with elevation in mountains 154
3. Vertical distribution of vegetation 155
4. Temperature chan�es with
" elevation in
free atmosphere 157
Card 7/20

Meteorology 319
5. Temperature fall with elevation in troposphere 16o
6. Equilibrium of atmosphere in vertical direction 161
7. Temperature inversions 164
8. Stratosphere 165
Ch. VI. Water Vapor in Atmosphere
1. Evaporation 168
2. Measurement of evaporation 169
3. Observation results 171
4. Daily and annual rate of evaporation 172
5. Moisture in air 173
6. Measurement of air moisture 176
7. Vertical distribution of moisture in atmosphere 181
8. Horizontal distribution of moisture at earth surface 182
9. Daily and annual rate of moisture 183
10. Effect of air on rate of evaporation (and relative
humidity] 185
11. Special moisture conditions of near-surface layer 185
12. Effect of vegetation on moisture 187
Card 8/2 0

Meteorology 319
Ch. VII. Condensation of Atmospheric Moisture
1. Evaporation and condensation 189
2. Condensation nuclei In atmosphere 191
3. Conditions of air cooling 193
4. Pseudoadiabatic processes 195
5. Equilibrium of moist air in vertical direction 197
6. Adiabatic expansion of air and condensation 198
7. Hydrometeors 200
8. Types of hydrometeors 200
9. Formation of dew and sleet 201
10. Formation of fog 202
11. Formation of frost 2o4
12. Formation of ice on ground 205
13. Condensation of vapor and its evaporation with
ascending air currents 2o6
14, Classification of clouds 2o8
15. Formation of cloud types 220
16. Formation of water and ice clouds 224
17. Height, direction, and velocity of cloud movements 22
Card 9/2 0

Meteorology
319
18. Cloudiness 228
19. Cloud systems 230
20. Relationship between cloudiness and duration of
solar radiation 230
21. Formation of precipitation through coagulation
of water and ice particles 231
22. Clouds formed by water and ice particles 233
23. Formation of sleet and hail 234
24. Formation of rain 237
25. Composition and temperature of rain water 239
Ch. VIII. Precipitation (Rainfall)
1. Measurement and estimation of precipitation 24o
2. Rain gauges 24o
3. Typical precipitation and estimation of
precipitation data 244
4. Nonperiodical fluctuations of precipitation 245
5. Observation of precipitation and interpolation 246
6. Daily rate of precipitation 247
7. Annual rate of precipitation 248
Card 10/20

Meteorology
319
8. Horizontal distribution of precipitation over
earth surface 253
9. Orographic precipitations and increase in
precipitation with elevation in the mountains 254
10. Distribution of snow over earth surface 257
11. Earth's water balance 2~9
12. Influence of vegetation on precipitation 2 0
13. Influence of precipitation on vegetation 263
Ch. IX. Atmospheric Pressure
1. Measurement of atmospheric pressure 267
2. Mercury barometer 268
3. Reduction of readings of pressure in mercury baro-
meters 269
4. Aneroid barometer 271
5. Thermobarometer 272
6. Barograph 273
Standard measuring units of atmospheric pressure 27
k
e Daily rate of atmospheric pressure 274
Card 11/20

Meteorology
319
9. Annual rate of atmospheric pressure 278
10. Nonperiodic fluctuations of atmospheric pressure 279
11, Relationship between pressure and temperature
at various levels 280
12, Distribution of pressure on earth's surface 281
14. Distribution of pressure by definite region 284
1 . True mean atmospheric pressure on 6arth's surface 285
15. Vertical distribution of atmospheric pressure 285
16. Atmospheric pressure and vegetation 289
Ch. X. Air Currents (Winds)
1. Wind; its direction and velocity 290
2. Baufort's Scale 291
3. Wind measuring apparatus 292
4. Measurement of wind in free atmosphere 295
5. Observed maxima in wind velocity 296
6. Evaluation of o,bservation data on winds 296
7. Structure of wind 299
Card 12/20

Meteorology
319
8. Movement of air masses 301
9. Daily rate of wind intensity 303
10. Daily rate of wind direction 305
11. Annual rate of wind direction 307
12. Increase in wind velocity with elevation 307
13. Influence of surface irregularities on wind 308
14. Wind in near surface atmosphere 310
15. Influence of vegetation on wind 311
16. Influence of wind on vegetation 314
Ch. XI. Source of Horizontal Air Mass Movements
1. Sprung's experiment [original spelling uncertain] 316
2. Circulation around warm center 317
Circulation around cold center 319
Slope of isobaric surface 321
5. Baric gradient 321
6. Deviating effect of earth's rotation 324
Friction 325
Equation of Guldberg and Mon [original spelling
uncertain) 325
Card 13,120

Meteorology
319
9. Conclusions from this equation 327
10. Baric law of winds 328
11. Stephenson's law 329
12. Movements around warm and cold center affected
by rotation of earth 329
NO Cyclonic movement 330
1 . Anticyclonic movement 331
15. Centrifugal force 332
Ch. XII. Typical Air Currents
1. General circulation in atmosphere 332
2. Tradewinds 342
3. Monsoons 346
Ch. XIII. Synoptic Meteorology
1. Changes of weather 348
2. Synoptic method 349
Card 14/20

Meteorology 319
3. Synoptic analysis 353
4. Air masses 355
5. Aerological diagrams 357
6. Geographic types of air masses 359
360
7. Fronts 362
8. Warm fronts 364
9. Cold fronts 365
10. Occluded fronts 366
11. Cyclones and anticyclones 368
12. Convergence and divergence
is
d 369
13. nes
Changes in baric field with elevation and cyclog
14. General character of cyclone and anticyclone as
frontal disturbances 371
15. Development of a cyclone 371
16. Horizontal and vertical cross-section of a newborne
cyclone 376
17. Isallobaric regions 378
18. Displacement of cyclones 379
19. Nonfrontal depressions 382
20. Anticyclones 383
Card 15/20

Meteorology 319
21. Cyclone groups 387
22. Main, secondary or partial cyclones 390
23. Tropical cyclones 391
Ch. XIV. Some Phenomena of Weather
1. Thunderstorms 395
400
2. Windstorms (along a horizontal axis)
3. Vortical storms 402
4 Sea and continental breezes 4o6
.
5. Mountain and valley breezes 4o7
6 Foehn 41o
.
7. Bora 414
8 Mistral 415
.
9. Local winds (foehnlike winds) 416
10. Dry or black winds 417
11. Weather and vegetation 417
419
12. Correlation method 426
13. Ecological method
Card 16/20

Meteorology 319
Ch. XV. Weather Forecast
1. Short-range forecast 427
2. Synoptic forecast 430
3. Weather forecast 430
4. Examples of forecast 431
5. Long-range forecast 434
6. Synoptic methods 435
7. Synoptic presentation of long range weather
processes 436
8. Basic types of synoptic processes 4
7
9. Multanovskiy's method of long-range forecast ~
4 5
10. Statistical method of long-range forecast 446
!I. Tendencies to steadiness 447
12. Differences between atmospheric processes for
various seasons and regions 449
13. Relationship between atmospheric circulation
and weather in northern hemisphere 451
14. Gulf stream and temperature conditions in Europe 452
15. Ice conditions in polar regions and European weather 453
Vard 17/20

Meteorology
319
!6. App-lication of correlation for monthly and
seasonall weather forecast 454
17. Baur's method of decade forecast 455
18. Periodicity in long-term forecastS 456
19. Baric waves 457
20. Precipitation 460
21. ClaytPon's experiments in forecasting 460
Ch. XVI. Climatology
1. Climate 462
2. CIJ imatic factors 462
3. Radiation climatic factors 463
4. Circulation climatic factors (advection) 465
5. Types of climatic circulation
6. Additional climatic factors (topography) 469
7. Climatic types and zones 470
8. Climate of equatorial zone 470
9. Climate of tropical hionsoon zone 472
Card 18/20

Meteorology
329
10. Climate of trade wind tropical. zones
11. Climate of subtropical zones
12. Climate of moderate zones
13.. Climate of sub-arctic (and Bub-antarctic)
.14. Arctic and antarctic climates
15. Plateau climates
16. Microclimate and macroclimate
17. Mountain climate (and vegetation)
18. Bioclimate
19. Climate in Bulgaria
20. Factors contributing to Bulgarian climate
21. Mean atmospheric pressure and air currents
connected with it
22. Winds
23. Air temperature
24. Absolute humidity and correctim for water
25. Relative humidity
26. Cloudiness
27. Fogs
28. Precipitation in Bulgaria
Card 19/20
zones
vapor
473
474
476
48o
481
482
482
483
483
485
485
487
490
492
497
497
498
4.98
498

Meteorology 319
29. Climatic changes
30. Variations of climate
31. Periodicity in vibrations
32. Secular changes in climate
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress (QC861.R34,1948)
Card 20/20
MM/Vm
6-3.1-58
503
503
503
505

RATNOV, R., dotsent; CBEMZOVA, Ye.; MIIKOV, G.
Etiopathogenesis ofacute pancreatitis. Vest.khir. 83 no.10:29-31
0 159. (MMA 13:2)
1. Iz kELfedry operativnoy khirurgii (zaveduyushchiy - dotsent Rayko
Raynov) Sofiyskogo vysehego meditsinskogo instituta (Rarodnaya Res-
publilm Polgariya). Adres aytorov: Bolgariya, Sofiya, ul. Georgi
Sofiyski, 1, Vysshiy meditainskiy institut.
(.PANCRKATITIS etiology)

14jkKKAVEYEV,, N., prof.; RAYNOV, V., inzh.; KOSARSKIY, P., inzh.
Laboratory bivestigation of channel formating processes at
river bends. Rech. transp. 20 no.11:29-31 11 161. (MM& 15:1)
(Hydxaulie models)
(Rivers-Models)

Bulgaria/Military B-572
RAYN SKI, Dimitur, Podpolkovnik, Med Ber; author of an
ar "17cle entitled "Pneummediattimm -- a Never Method for
Roentgen Diagnosis." (Voenno Meditsinsko Delo, Sofia,
Mar 61, PP 51-57)
24
(1)

PAYIIUS, E. S.
Building panel houses in large-scale block planning in Lenin-
grad. Trudy MIRI no.14:345-348 '59. (MIRA 13:1)
1. GlavrVy inzhener stroytresta NO.3 Glavleningradstroya.
(Leningrad--Precast concrete construction)
(Rpartment houses)

RATNUS, L.S., inzh.; S1[LYAPNIKOV1,, A.G., inzh.; KIM""M&N, I..N., inzh.;
- -ROBINSON, D.V., inzh.
Folding -type stairs. Suggested by L.S.Rainus and others. Rats.
i izobr.v stroi. no.9:8 159. (MIRk 13:1)
1. Po inaterialao stroltellnogo treBta No-3 GlavleningradBtroya.
(Staircases)

RAYNUS, L.S., inzh.
large-panal construction in Czechoslovakia. Biul. takh. inform.
po stroi. 5 no.7:29-32 J1 159. (MIRA 12:10)
(Czechoslovakia--Apartment houses) k0oncrete slabs)

RAYNUS, R.N., inzh., BARANOV, I.A., red.: FREGER. D.P., tekhn.red.
[Core mixtures based on "soluble glass" binder used for non-
ferrous alloy castings: practices of the 'Ekonomaizer" Plant]
Sterzhnevye smesi na kreDitele "zhidkoe steklo" dlia otlivok iz
tsvetnykh splavov; opyt zavoda *Ikonomaizer." Leningrad, 1955.
11 p. (LeningrAdskii dom nauchno-tekhnicheakoi propagandy.
IrLformatelonno-tekhnicheskit listok, no.80(768)) (mIRA io:12)
(Founding)

RAYON. A. 1. Prof.
,Iasic nrinciDles and results of surgical treatment of cancer of the
stomach. Khirurgiia, Sofia 10 no.6:483,488 1957.
1. Akademila na meditsinskite nauki n& SSSR-leningrad onkologichen
Institut.
(STOKACH NZOPIASMS, surg.
(Bul))

fir,

- D
ljw
Idol
S
U
S
w eftyltskri;x. A- en i
imkil--& Aj-~A-.X. 14;
Ar
WN.

.
.
.
UAY 25. Ar. Haub

'D

5

51-5
(02) SSl.%
- * - *
an R- Md=.lQ,ff, 2ad ed. rev. Sofia
1.1-
nitsa, 1943. 520 P. 198 rigs., tal)lci% refs., cqs., f4ble of symbX p. 517. DLC-An ap-
patently standard college tmtbnok on irmtearology, this edition contains a number of unugual

as
features vrhkh make it especiallyowhil for training government nalemoloxists as we"

1p,
Of
nd

ad
X'.
I
l Ci
XI
Genera
rculation and monsw ke C P. 1;'
P.
ij~
tee C6p. X111; Storms of various types, Ch2p. XIV; Short r2age d lidif; range
I t K. Mp. XV. and.Clismattology, Map. XVI. The hat named chapter is especially
slanted toward6 the climate of Bulgaria as many of the illustrations atad APPUMOD" in the
otherchaptem The point or view or a synoptic dywmk ractcornlogists N or coiirsc mentioned
in all of the discusdan an climatology. but the particular (i.e. agricultural) aprg;=4-m~and the
interests of the instrumental workers are w)t neglected. Subjra 11mafisgi: 1.
textbooks I.Climstolary 3.Butg&dIL-3t.R. A6%
IUW

RATNOV, R.; VASILEV, I.
Filatov's tissue therapy-. Had. letopisi 42 no.5-6:5C.9-516 May-
June 50. (CLML 20:7)
1, Dro Rafto Raynovs Chief Assistant; Dr. Ivan Vasilev, Assistant.
2. Surgical Clinic. Medical Academy, Sofia.

nap
I I~ A"* 114 V*V(S~-

2625. T1N IN THE GOALS OF TIR KUZNXM BASIN. Borovick & A and
9 Ra
aynsky V M (Gueptos read acad ml U.R.S.S. 19", 1
,5, 12D-LU).
*
-00
Si4itrographic artalys6a of coal ashes prepared at 6 00
C. are given .00
Sows with a high tin contest are confined t6 the 3m1W Rafts. -6*

-00

00
r.00

6 '040
;Z9
40
s0
100
A-Se-LA ARIALL44CICAt LIT11RATUSE CLASSWK0100
moo
go., 441 4211110" #$IASI aw a- 4sf
A-
u Is V 00 Is a rjw 0 AI I Af Im 9 a a 2
11 AS I U It it KW n A14
dab 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 00 90 0
a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0
0 a 016 a a a ~ Ab a mb~ a A-0 0 a adl W410 0:00 a a, rGA

3/879/62/000/000/068/088
D234/D308
AUTHOR: Raynus, G. E. (Leningrad)
TITLE; -Design of a three--!dimensional cable lattice
SOURCE: Teoriya plastin -1 obolochek': trudy II'Vsesoyuznoy konfe-
rentaii, L'vov, 15-!21 sentyabrya 1961 g. Kiev, Izd-vo
AN USSR, 1962,- 387-390
TEXT: -The author considers a shallow net consisting of flexible
elastic cables fastened to a rigid frame and subjected to a ver-
tical load. Relative elongations, horizontal displacements, flexu-
ral and torsional rigidity of cables are'neglected. The equation
of equilibrium is reduced to:
b2z a2 Z
Hx H (7)
y
~x_2 + y. 37Y_2
Card 1/3

S/879/62/000/000/068/038
.D234/D308
Design of a three-
Boundary conditions are formulated for the case of preatreased
cables and
x2
z bzo
Hx(yo) =.H.(yo) + 0 (y ) T_ - -,rx Y)21 dx;
x 0
Jy=yOY ly
x
y
+ .1-C,
(x' oy
~.2
~zj Cozy Ix 2 1 dy (11
Hy(x,).= Hy(xo 2 y 0 X--X oy
=x)
yl
is obtained. It:is stated that the relevant equation is obtained by
substituting (11.) into (7). The author describes in detail a poss.-
.Card 2/3

-1k
.. 41
i 3 a --. v .
NIU" u
';jjiA.;j Nit --j gil .9 1
no
10111
Xj

39

RATIMS,N.S., inzhener
Iarge panel cement and slag concrete walls. Sbor. mat. o nov.
tekh. v stroi. 17 no.6:1-3'55. (KLRA 8:9)
(Walls)

-RAYSUS,.-Grlgqriy-Eliozarov.ic,h; LINETSKIY, V.D., kand. tekhn. naqkt
-.dotsent., nauchnyy red.; FREGER, D.P., red.izd-va; BELOCONOVA,
I.A., tokhn. red.
(Static analysis of cable trusses]Staticheakii raschat form iz
torsov; stenogramma lektsii. Nauchn. red. V.D.Linetakii.
Leningrad, Leningr. dom nauchno-tekhn. propagandy, 1962.P4 P.
(MIRA ),6.-2r
(Trusses) (Roofs, Suspension)

RAYNUS, L.S., inzh.
r,6~a materials as a rederve source of supply for large-panel
construction. Biul. tekh. inform. po stroi. 5 no.4:10-12 Ap '59.
(141 RA 12: 8)
(Building materials ) (Apartment houses)

--.2A TRUS A,119A ~ a b. NOV. Inoviy Vladimirovich; KLYACIIKO, A.L.,
inzhener, na chnWyy re ktor: XAPLAN, M.Ya., redaktor Izdatel'stva;
PULIKINA, Ye.A., takhnicheskiy redaktor
[Building of large panels without framework; experience in large
panel construction in Leningrad] Krupnopanellnyt beakarkasnyt dom;
opyt stroitallstya krupnopanallnogo dow v Leningrade. Leningrad.
Gos.izd-vo lit-ry po stroit. i arkhit.. 1957. 101 P. (MIRA 10:9)
(leningrad-Apartment houses)

RAYAS, O-S--
Cast reinforcements for reinforced concrete construction
elements. Lit. proizv. no.9:41-42 S 160. (MIRA 13:9)
(Reinforced concrete constr-Letion)
(Cant iron)

SOV/ 137-58-10-21583
Translation f rom: Refe rativnyy zhu rnal, Metallu rgiya, 1958, Nr 10, p 160 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Raynus, O.S., Demidova, N.M.
TITLE: Investigations of Cast Low-Mn Steel (Issledovaniya litoy niz-
komargantsov.istoy stali)
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Dokl. 16-y Nauchn. konferentsii prof. -prepodavat.
sostava Leningr. inzh.-stroit. in-ta Leningrad, 1958,
pp 449-45Z
ABSTRACT: From the results of an analysis of the cornposition and the
properties of 1000 successive smeltings of low-Mn steel em-
ployed for profile casting of excavator components, the follow-
ing factors were determined: 1) The limits of C and Mn con-
tents in the steel; 2) the values of 0-S , 0-b , 6 ,~, a�; 3)
LTs/ (T b ; 4) the relationship between the ak values of C arpy
and Mesnager impact-test specimens. By processing statist-
ical data, it was established that more than 60% of all melts
contain C and Mn in amounts varying between the limits of 0.3
0.380/6 (0.3-0.4, according to Technical Specifications) and 1.2-
1.41,/'o (1.2-1.5%, according to Technical Specifications), respect-
Card 1/2 ively.. Maxima of curves were observed at the following values~

SOV/ 137-58- 10-21583
Investigations of Cast Low-Mn Steel
(Y. curve, 37 kg/rnm2; (T curve, 63 kg/mm2; 6 curve, at 20%;
ctArve, at 35 ; ak curve Nvestigations were carried out on 12 specimens)
0.5 kgm/cVin the case of Mesnager-type specimens, and 3.3 kgm/crnz in
the case of Charpy-type specimens. The agreement between the ak values
according to Mesnager and Charpy impact tests was approximately 1.50%.
StUd-,es were also performed in order to establish the effect of cooling rate
(CR) on the mechanical properties in the range of critical temperatures.
The specimens were heated to 9000C and were then cooled in the 900-6000
range at rates of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 200-3000/hr. CR's ranging from 25
to 3000/hr did not have any appreciable effect on mechanical properties of
specimens. The CR of 1000/hr is the only exception in which the values Of
ak and are sharply reduced.
1. B.
1. Manganese steel castings--Properties 2. ~hnganese steel cast4ings
-_"es~ -results
Card 2/2

KUZNLTSOV, K.A.-; RATHUS. 0.S. kand.tekhn.nauk
Cast-iron cages for reinforcing concrete structures. BetA zhel.-
bet. no.12:564-566 D 160. (%HIU 13:11)
1. 6hlen-korrespondent -Lkademii strottellstva i arkhitektury (for
JLuznetsov).
(Reinforced concrete)

IA NYS , -t.l.
-y- - It- ---Xuk,; VOLKC;VA,.
Semigraphical method of constriaction hyperbolic netvorks in
geodetic operations uslng rndio waves. Gecfiz. razved. nr;.C'.:
124-129 161. (KRA 15:4)
(Caspian Sea-Gravity prospecting)

BERKOVICH, T.M.; SURNELI, D.D.; DVORETSKAYA, R.M.; RAYNYSH, Z.B.; NOVIKOVA, D.A.
Autoclave method of producing non-hygroscopic Asbestos cement.
Trudy NIIAsbesttsementa no.16:108-115 163. (MIRA 16:8)
(Asbestos cement)

"A N i~ 'n . n
-Ji -,ri rn!t ~u-i-z th (,I de~zr-~,e aggrega-.j cn cf -.cwders
S b-- tr-,-,d . V.'i T:NSM 146- -76 163.

RAYNYSR, Z.B.; BERKOVIGH~ T.M.
Heat and moisture treatment and the hardening of asbestos cement
on I.A.Chernato's unlined mechanized production-line unit. frudy
NIIAsbeettsomenta no.15:57-63 162. (MMA 16:7)
(Asbestos cement)

IVYAIISKIY, G.B., kand. tekhn. nauk; POLYAKOV, V.I., kand. tekhn.nauk;
AAM"ITIL-2G, S.M., inzh.; CHEREPAK11111, N.V., inzh.;
V.P., red.; THUBIN, V.A., glav. red.; SOSHIF,
AN., zem. glav. red.; CHINEVICH, G.P., red.; YEPIMTOV. S.Pop
red.; 01TUFRIYEV, I.A., red.; KHOKHLOV, B.A., red.; ZINN, P.A.,
red.; PEREVAIYUK, M.V., red. izd-va; 11AW.CVA, G.D., tekhn. red.
[Erection of completely precast apartment houses]Montazh polno-
sborrykh zhilykh zdanii; spravochnoe posobie. Pod red. V.P.
Proskurnina. Moskva, Gonstroilzdat., 1962. 94 P. OADU 15: 11
1. Akademlya stroitel'stva i arkhitoktury SSSR. Institut organi-
zatsii, mekhanizatnii i tekhnicheskcrj pamoshebi stroitellstva.
(Apartm,nt houser.) (Precast concrete construction)

S/139/62/000/006/004/032
E039/E435
AUTHOR:. Rays, G.B.
TITLE: The motion of dislocations in twinned crystals of
calcite
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Fizika,
no.6, 1962, 22-24 ~ 'L~
TEXT: Experiments are described on the etching of twinned
crystals of calcite in HCL solution. it is shown that the position
and motion of dislocations in the double part oof the crystal is
connected with the twinning process. The boundaries between the
parent material and the mechanically twinned part of the crystals
are always covered with etching figures, thus confirming the
dislocation structure of these boundaries. Distortions and non-
uniformities due to scratches, flaws and ste'p patterns etc are
also disclosed by the etching process. In the double part of the
crystal the etching figures show a parallel series of divisions at
the twinning boundaries. In addition the cleavage planes are
shown and the transitions from one plane to another which must be
connected with the twinning mechanism. There are 3 figures.
Card 1/2

S/139/62/ooo/oo6/004/032
The motion of dislocations ... E039/E435
ASSOCIATION: Kharlkovskiy institut mekhanizatsii sellskogo
khozyaystva (Kharlkov Institute for the Mechanization
of Agriculture)
SUBMITTED: July 21, 1961
if/.
Card 2/2

AUTHOR: Rags, G.B, 70--3-3-12/36
TITLE: The Distortion of a Crystal Lattice at the Tuin Boundary of
a Mechanically-twinned Crystal of Calcite (Iskazheniga
kristallicheskoy reshetki na granitse razdela mekhani-
cheski sdvoynikovano-ogo Icristalla kal.tsita)
PERIODICAL: Kristallografiya., 1958 V:-.)! 3, Nr 3, pp 325 - 328
~ three plates (USSR),
ABSTRACT: It has been shown experiirientall.y that intermediate
regions exist at the boiindaries of separation between the
parent part of a !rystal of cal--fte and a mechanically
produced twinned part. These -regions have been de-tected by
etching in strong and weak HC1 and examination with a micrc-
interferometer at 550 X maEiiification-. The intermediate
region has a small volume and extends for a short distance
each side of the boundary of separation; in it there is a
great concentration of lattice imperfections which make up
the strained region extending from 5 to 50 ji each way, The
existence of this disturbed region and its disclosure by etching
show that the energy residing in the crystal on its plastic
deformation is mainly concenturated in this reCion in the form
of potential energg of elastic strain,
There are 10 references, 0. of which a-re Soviet and 1 English.
Cardl/2

70-3-.3-12/36
The Distortion a Crystal Lattice at the Tv.~.Jn Boundary of a
Mechanically-twin-ned Crystal of Calcite
ASSOCIATION: Kharlkovskiy institut mekhanizatsii sel'skogo
khozyajstva (KhaAcov Institute for the blechanisation
of Agriculture)
SUBMITTED: June 3, 1957
Card 2/2

8OV/Dl-6-3-16/2b
UTHOR: Rays, G.B.
'111TU Fresnel's Formulae for Incidence of an Ordinary Wave on the
Twinning Plane of a Transparent Uniaxial Crystal (Formuly
Frenelya dlya sluchaya padeniya ob yknovennoy volny na
ploskost' dvoynilcovanlya odnoosnogo prozrachnoeo kristalla)
kz,iIUDICAL: Optika i Spektroskopiya, 1959, Vol 6, Nr 3, pp 384-388
(USSR)
AbSTR,ACT: The author derived the expressions for the reflection (Roo,
Roe ) and refraction (Doo, Dog) intensity coefficients when
an ordinary wave falls on the plane of separation between
twins in a transparent uniaxial crystal. These exuressions
are given by Eq.,'%16):
Roo ~ u2v2(p2 - ,,2)2/ + V2) -t- uv(p2 + P2) 2
% 1 2 [plp2(u2 1 2 1
Doo ~ p 2p 2(u2 - '7'2)2 /Ip-'p (U2 + V2)+ uv(p2 +P 2] 2
1 2 2 1 2
Card 1/3

SOV/ U1 -U -,A -16/ --'b
Fre.snei'm Fot-mulao for Incidence uf an Ordinary Wave on the
Twinning Plane of a Transparent Uniaxial Crystal

e )2(u

PlP2uv(P-l __ P2
__ 4)2

PlP2 2 2)+ uv(p2
(u + v _tp2 210
1 21
D
00 )2(u
PlP2uv(PI + P2 + :f )
.2/
[PlP2 U2+ V2)-t uv(p2+ p2)]
( 1 2 2
where subscripts "0" and "a" denote the ordinary and extra-
ordinary waves respectively,? p1 and P2 are the normal
oomponents of the wave vectorg of the ordinary and extraordinary
waves respectively; v = cos u = n2 sin2 is
?a, 1 ?0; G
the angle between one of the optical axes and the twinning
plane (Fig.!), When P2 = 0, Doo = Rog = Dos = o;
i.e. the incident ordinary wave is totally reflected. This
is shown in Fig.2 where Roo and Rog are plotted against
the angle of incident3a d--. The total reflection angle
(P2 = 0, Roo = 100% and Roo ~ Oj~) is given by
Card 2/3 s in cr_0= r_ ./n 0

SOV/51-6-3-16/28
Freanel's Formulae for Incidence of an Ordinary Wave on the
Twinning Plane of a Transparent 'Uniaxial Crystal
At angles of incidence cc 0, P2 becomes imaginary
and an incident ordinary wave 6ives rise to ordinary
reflected and refracted waves only. The paper is entirely
theoretical. Acknowledgment is made to R.I. Garber for
suggesting this subject and advice on it. There are
2 figures and 7 references, of which 6 are Soviet and 1
English.
SUBMITTED: January 6, 1958
Card 3/3

!UYS, G.B.; BROMMG, MJ~
I
Investigating the etching of twinned ionic and --atallic single
crystals. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav..; chern, met. no.2:130-134 160.
(SIZE--- 15:5)
1. KharIkovLjkdy institut mekhanizatsii sel'skogo khozyaystva.
(lictallography) (1-fietal, crystals) (Ionic arritals)

RAYS , G.B.
Now method for determining the refraction Indices of umLsual vayo
of twin monoaxial negative dielectric crystals. Kristallografia
3 no,'1:101-104 158. (NM 11;5)
1. KharIkovskiy institut mekbanizataii i elektrifikataii sel'skogo
khozyaystva.
(Crystallography) (Refraction)

AUTHOR: Ray s , G. B.
SOV/r/0-3-1-22/26
- - ------- 1F
TITLE: A e_w__Y_e_t_Eo_d'for the retermination of the Refractive
Index of the Extraordinary Wave in Twin Uniaxial Negative
'Dielectric Crystals (Novyy metod opredeleniya pokazatelya
prelomleniya neobyknovennoy volny dvoynikovykh odnoosnykh
otritsatellnykh dielektricheskikh kristallov)
PERIODICAL: Kristallografiya, 19581 Vol 3, Nr 1, pp 101-104 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: To explain the principle of this method, consider the
reflection of light from the separation boundary of a
twin uniaxial dielectric crystal. The directions of the
reflected and refracted ordinary and extraordinary waves
may be obtained using the geometrical construction due to
MacCullagh (Ref 4). These surfaces consist of a sphere
of radius no (refractive index of ordina y wave)
surrounding an ellipsoid of revolution with semi-axes
no and n e (refractive index of extraordinary wave).
Consider the case when the plane of incidence is
perpendicular to the principal section of the twin crystal,
since in this case the reflection of ordinary and
Cardl/4 extraordinary waves is a maximum. Figure 1 shows a section

SOV/70-3-1-22/26
A New Method for the Determination of the Refractive Index of the
Extraordinary Wave in Twin Uniaxial Negative Dielectric Crystals
through the refractive index surfaces by the XZ plane
which is perpendicular to the principal section to the
twin crystal. The spherical surface gives in this figure
a circle of radius n 0 while the ellipsoid of revolution
gives an ellipse with a somewhat reduced major axis GG
The axis OX is a trace of the separation boundary and
OZ is normal to it. 10 is the direction of the wave
normal of the incident ordinary wave. The wave normal
10 of the incident ordinary wave is extended until it cuts
the wave surface belonging to the given wave normal. A
straight line NIT parallel to the OZ axis is drawn
through this point E . The lines connecting the centre
point 0 with E, El, K, K' (points of intersection
of the stright line iilf with the wave surfaces) give
the directions of the wave normals for the reflected and
refracted ordinary and extraordinary waves. As can be
seen from Pigure 1, tL-e angle of incidence aL of the
Card2/4 normal of the ordinary wave is equal to the angle of

SRVI-
/0- ~-1-2jn/J6
A New Method for the Determination of the efrac ive ex of the
Extraordinary Wave in Twin Uniaxial Negative Dielectric Crystals
reflection and the angle of refraction of this wave. The
reflection and refraction normals for the extraordinary
waves are larger than a . When the angle of incidence
of the normal of the ordinary wave is a 0 (in this case
the line NN touches the wave surface n e ) the wave
normals of the extraordinary waves graze the separation
boundary, while for --incidence angle greater than a0 I
the extraordinary rays disappear altogether. From Figure 2,
it is clear that:
sin a0 e/ no
This formula may be used the new method for the
determination of the refractive index for extraordinary
waves in twin uniaxial neSative dielectric cr7stals.
To determine n, by this method a twin S"Decimen is set
up on a goniometer so that the plane of incidence is
perpendicular to the principal section of the twin crystal
Card3/4

SOV/70-3-1-22/26
A New Method for the Determination of the Refractive Index of the
Extraordinary Wave in Twin Uniaxial Negative Dielectric Crystals
and the angle a is found at which the reflected and
extra- 0
refracted/ordinary rays disappear. The value of n e can
then be calculated from the above relation since no
can be ea.sily determined by other methods.
There are 4 figures and 5 references, 1 of which is
English and 4 Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Khar'kovskiy institut mekhanizatsii i
elektrifikatsii sel'skogo khozyaystva.
(Khar'kov Institute of Mechanisation and
Electrification of Agriculture)
SUBMITTED: April 4, 1956
Card 4/4

RAYS . G. B.
Movement of twinning dislocations in calcite. Izv.:,7s. ucheb.
zav.; fiz. no.6222-24 162. (MIRA 16
1. Kharskovskiy institut mekhanizataii sellskogo khozyaystva.
(Dislocations in crystals) (Calcite)

SOV/70-4-4-21/34
AUTHORS: Ray~!_ G.B..and Bromberg, M.I.
TITLE: Thermal Etching in Vacuo of Twinned Single Crystals of
Zinc
PERIODICAL: Kristallografiya, 1959, Vol 4, Nr 4, PP 594-596 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Twinned zinc crystals were heated to 400 0C for 25 min
under a vacuum of 10-4 mm HS . After cooling, the surface
was examined interferometrically. Etch figures due to
selective evaporation were observed. The surface was
covered with etch figures, the form and orientation of
which were connected with the symmetry of the given
crystal. The method could be applied to metals, Be and
V alloys for example, where there are no suitable chemical
etches. For twinned crystals of Zn preferential etching
takes place in twinned regions of the crystal and begins
on the twin boundaries and near to them. On heating
crystals of Zn in vacuo the formation of etch figures
proceeds preferentially on different surface defects, or
the steps of cracks and scratches. The experiments show
that the formation of etch figures on heating mechanically
Cardl/2

SOV/70-4-4-21/34
Thermal Etching in Vacuo of Twinned Single Crystals of Zinc
twinned single crystals of Zn in vacuo proceeds primarily
at active parts of the surface and that, together with
other surface defects, places with increased energy are,
in particular, the boundaries between undeformed and
twinned parts of the crystal. There are 4 figures and
9 references, 8 of which are Soviet and 1 German.
ASSOCIATION: Khartkovskiy institut makhanizatsii sel'skogo
khozyaystva (Kharlkov Institute for the Mechanisation of
Agriculture)
SUBMITTED: June 18, 1958
Card2/2

AjjA G~. 11 -
Dialocations in calcite twine obtained by mechanical deformation.
Dokl. AN SSSR 117 no-3:419-421 N '57. (MIRA 11:3)
1. XharIkovskiy Institut mokhanizataii sel'skogo khozyaystva, Pred-
stavleno akadertikom A.V. Shubnikovym.
(Dislocations in crystals) (Galcite)

AUTHOR: Rays, G. B. 20-3-17/52.
TI TLE: Dislocation in Calclt-~ Crystale~ Tdinn-zd
kalltsita).
PERIODICAL: Doklady AN SSSR, Vol. 117, 14r 3, pp. 419-421 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: According to the author's opinion the natural twins do not
differ at all from the original crystal except by the
symmetric orientation of the atoms of the crystal lattice.
In the case of twins formed mechanically under the action
of exterior forces, the part of energy remaining in the
deformed crystal must change the state of the crystal
essentially. The author here investigates the dissolubility
and the production of etched figures on calcite. The
carrying out of the experiments is described. From these
ex5eriments the following results were obtained:
1. In the case of a plastic deformation of calcite mono-
crystals by the formation of twins part of the absorbed
energy is distributed uniformly over the entire volume of
the deformed crystal particle. I large part of the absorbed
energy is concentrated on the boundaries of the twins.
Card 1/3 2.) A considerable part of the dislocations is created by

Dislocation in Calcite Cry9tals It-chanically Twinned 20-3-17/52
plastic dufor:_~_, .. :' mainly at the dividing
boundaries of the twin cryatal ~,r_d also in the deformed
part of the crystal on the shift-lines of the process
of separation.
3.) In some cases dislocations in the deformed part of the
crystal occur in form of so-called negative crystals; in
other cases they occur in form of continuous etching spots,
the axes of which are parallel to the separating boundary.
4.) The separating boundaries are not constantly shifted by
the formation of twins in plastic deformation but they are
shifted discretly (shift, pause etc.). The discrete and the
continuous spots may be connected with simple and spiral-
shaped dislocations. The distance between the etching
fieures is -v 1o4 cm. There are 4 figures, and 7 references,
2 of which are Slavic.
ASSOCIATION: Kharlkov Institute for the Mechanization of Ai~riculture
(Kharlkovskiy institut mekhanizatsii sel'skogo khosyaystva)
Card 213

Dislocation in Calcite Crystals Wchanically Twinned 20-3-17/52
PRESENTED: June 10, 1957, by A. V. Shubnikov, Academician
SUBMITTED: June 6, 1957
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 3/3

Category USSR/Solid State Physits - Structure of Beformabie Naterials E-8
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika, No 1, 1957,50 1311
Author Rays G B
.4
_~~e Question of the Existence of a Transition Lay in
Title ce er
MechwAcal 1 y-Tvinned Crystals
Orig Pub Dokl. AN BSSR, 1956, lo6 No 5, 841-844
Abstract It-was established that th~ measured and calculated angular dependences of
the ikensity of light reflected from the boundary of Winned layers in
calcite'agree with an ace.uracy of 1 -- 2%. Inmmuch as it,was assumed in the
calculations that the layers have sharp boundaries, the Lifshita theory (Zh.
eksperim. i teor. fA-.ziki, 1948, 18, 1134), which denies the existence of
macroscopically distorted layers, is more acceptable than the Kontorova theory
(Zh . eksperim. i teor. fiziki, 1942, L2) 68), which leads to the conclusion
that a transition layer exists with a thickness-on the order of 500 interatomic
distances.
Card 1/1

RAYS, G-.B.
T ins or cracks? Izv.vys.uch.zav.; fiz, no.4:79--82 162.
wi
(14M~ : 5 : 9 )
1. Khartkovskiy institut mekhanizatsii sel'skogo khozyaystva.
(Crystallography)