SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT RYSAVY, L. - RYSEVA, S.N.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001446510002-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 26, 2002
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

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Abstract No abstract given,
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2 4
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polyvi v1 chlo r I d e emule Ions were obtalnee
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U, 'F/61Ax)8/012/004/0'
E112/E953
(I'l-1, RyYa ~, Drahom*'
OR: vy
A
TITLE: Inhibited oxi ion of polypropylene
PE R -T. 0 D i ' ,k LChemic!4 prdmysl, no.12, 1961, 663-665
TEXT: Th
e mechanism of ageing of atactic polypropylene i
presence of phenyl-2-naphthylamine (PBNA) as antioxidant is
studied. It is characterised by an induction period. In general,
an optimum concentration exists fror each antioxidant, below which
additional antioxidant decreases the rate and above which addit-
ional antioxidant increases the rate. The fact that such an
timum is observed indicates that these materials function in
opt
more than one way.- The author has-.alre,ady (Ref.l: Vys.sojed,v.3,
19611 464) shown plots of induction times a.--ainst concentration of
PBNA and drawn attention to the existence of a critical.tempera-
ture, at which a steep rise of theinduction period.took place. Its
numerical value.can be computed fro,m
k2 (RH)
k
~5
Card 1/3

31752
.Mhibited oxidation of Z/000/61/000/012/004/005
E112/E953
where k rate.constant of chain propagation, k rate constant
2 ~O
t4 on a
of chain termina nd '(RH) =-concen,tr,ation of hydrocarbon. The
author now presents a study of the second maximum on the induction
plot, namely the point at.which furthor additiorsof PBNA remain
without.effect. xoe j ~ im e n t a 1 :Propylene was converted-into the
atactid polymer by mearia of TiC.13-AlC13 or AI(C2H5)3 as catalysts,
The reaction mixture was then exposed to atmospheric moisture to
decompose U
-he catalyst system. he powdered polymer was imorer-,
nated with an acetone solution of PBNA, and -Pressed into foils.at-
2500C. Tbe rate of oxidation inhibition was assessed from.the,-in-'
auction -oeriod at 1800C, i.e. from the period in,which no absor-o-
tion of oxygen tooxll-_ placce. Results showed considerable discrepan-
that the fected
.(~iez and scatter of points. It is.concluded Q y are af1L
fundamentally b~f the mixed crystals of TiC13-AlC'17,,, used as a
catalyst. increased quantities,of the catalyst will offset tile
function of the antio,xidant. Incompletely reoxidised mixed
crystals-of TiCl _AlC1 have a particularly deleterious effect, As
3 3
ctiveness is c ommen
-CO the action of PBN ~ its effe surate with its
solubiliti- in 'c.,',ie polymerisation system and its concentrat
ion
Car(I

SI/1
90/61/003/007/019/021
.
Oxidallion of Isotactic pol,ypropylen.e., B*01/B230
tube, was measured by a Wheatstone bridge, VI-I
-1-atile acids were deluermined.
.
by passing 0 2 through theheated reaction -re.ssel and, subsequent bubblirg
through Bai OH) Acid quantity absorbed was deter M4
by litrati
2 LI ion, For
determining the acetaldehyde and formaldehyde.. the.g4seaus products were
trapped in a 0,
I molar solution of LiOH; the aldehydes were determined by
:
,
,
pol.arography. Acetic acid was determin'ed by conversion to.ca"Icium ace-
tate, heating to high temperature, and reacting the acetone prcduced with~
0-nitto-benzaldehyde.in alkaline medium, Reduc,ing the sample with mag-
nesium powder, presence of -formic acid was proved by drop reaction with
phenylhydrizin hydrochloride and potassium fe.rrocyanide., Passing the reac-
,
tion products with 0. in the absorber failed to turn out reproducible.
results, These were obtained by following arrangement of-experiment.- A:
test tube, lined inside with solid KOH. was-placed into the reaction
vessel. into thistest tube the polymer film:(Q'I mm thick, weight 0403
:9Y
,
wound around a glass tube was introduced leaving a clearance of about

~mm between KOH.and film, Fig...5 shuws the experiment results at 150'.Cl.;
3
The maximum.oxidation rate w was rapidly attai,ned after the beginning,of
Card 2/5
p

S/1901161/003/007/019/021
Oxidation of isotactic polypropylepyri,,-,~,~ B10-YB230
oxidation, It was depending on the surface area of-the sample and, here..
with., on the rate of diffusion, After consuming 0.74 moles of 0 per
.2~
mole of monomer links, oxidation -ceas.ed, About 50 ~-of the original
weight of the sample were left over... In the oxidatien products were
found*. acetic and Tormic acldB; acetaldehyde and formaldehyde:ocourred
only in subsequent phases of oxidation.. For:formaldehyde, merely qua-
litative determination was possible. probably, for being cxidized either
to formic acid or to CO Formation of.acetaidehyde and acid products
2'
was in correspondence with the Arrhenius equation, For the formation of
Volatile acids E = 22 kca'~, for the formation of ar;etaldehyde E = 30-4
kcal was calculated., Various~possible types of reactions were discussed:
.1) Isomerization of the peroxide radicals with formation of formaldehyde
and acetaldehyde; 2) decomposition of peroxides with form6tioh of alcohol
-groups in:the chain; 3) breaking the chain and decomposition of hydro-
CH
3
peroxide; formation of the radicalL CH.-CH-R forming again a~ peroxi(
2 2
Card 3
/5

S/ go/6!/00'1/O0'f/0!9/021
B, 1/.B
Oxldatton o~ polypropylene 0. 2zO
this may decompose a),forming an alcohol group at the a n d o the chain;
b) forming,formaldehyde and acetaldehyde~ From Fig, 5 it is.deduced that.!~.~.:
the rate of formation of volatile acids is lower.by.two orders of magni-
tude than the rate of 0 absorption, At maximum oxidation rate merely
2
8 % are ascribed to -reactions 1) and 3b), Accordingly. in the first,
phase of oxideltion, predominantly alcohols are fvrmed~ Mentioned are$
V. B. Millei~, M- V; Neyman, V, S. Pudov, Ya-~ A~ Shiyapnikovi and L, 1,,
Lafer.- There are 6 figures and 5 references: 4 Soviet-bloc and.1 non-
Soviet-blo: The reference to English-lang-aage publication reads as
follows: W. L., Hawkins, W, Matreyek, F_ H_ Winslow, Papers presented at
0
Boston Meeting of American Chemical Society. 30, 1959,
ASSOCIATIONA Scientific Research inst-itute of Macromoleoular
Chemistry, Brno,
SUBMITTED$ Yanuary 7 1961
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Surveying, v, 2 CZECH/1253
TAKE OF CONTENTS:
PART IV. MEASUFOEMS OF ELEVATIONS.
General Remarks
3-1
Ch. 1. Geometric Measurement of Elevations 12
Ch* II. Trigonometric Measurement of.Elevations
I'Considerations of accuracy
Trigonometric deteimination-of height of a -Doint
15
Trigonometric determination of differences in elevation 16
Elevation computation taking Into account the refraction of light rays and
the,curvature of the earth's surface
17.
Formulas for computing differences in elevation 20
Reduction of reciprocal measurements of zenithal.distances
Determination of refraction coefficient 26
Accuracy of elevations from non-reciprocal trigonometric observations.
Weight of observations
~6
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Surveying, -v. 2
CZECH/1253
Ch.-III. leveling
28
1
Basic principle. General remarks -
28.1
A. Level Rods 29
Graduated rods 29
Rods with target 31~
The invar rods 32
Stadia ro.ds. 32,
Footplates for leveling rods. Pins 33
D. Levels .331
Levels, type I
Levels type II
39
levels, type III
Levels, type TV
43-

Lodvels, type V 44L
Testing of collars
45
Error of the optical axis of the telescope
Testing the parallelism of axes in revers ible spirit level
Adjustment of levels for measuring 48
Comparing various types of levels,
49,
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7

Surveying, v. 2, CZECH/1253
Additional devices and some modern level designs 50
Wild qnd. Kern reflecting prisms 51
Plane-parallel device serving as an optical micrometer on level 52
Telescopes on the modern levels 54
Brief description of some modern levels 55
Zeiss-Opton N12,level 59
C. Universal Levels ("Leveling Tacheomdters") 6o
D. Aids and instruments for ApproxJnate-Leveling and for Rough
Measurements of Elevations 62
Leveling sights ~62
Communicating tube level 62
Prism used as a leveling device 62
Hose type level
63
Hydrostatic leveling 64
Mason level 64r,,,.
Pendulum level vith a collimator
66
Bose pendulum level 66
Abney reflecting level 66:
Hand level
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Surveying, v, 2 ~CZECH/1253
E. Basic Leveling Methods :67
Foresight.leveling .67.,
Differential leveling
Comparison of leveling by.differential and foresightmethods 71,
Trigonometric and inclined leveling
71
Trigonometric non reciprocal leveling 71
Trigonometric, differential leveling ~74
Comparison of differential and1trigonometric leveling methods 75
Aiialysis of'Leveling Accuracy
Accidental errors.in leveling, Elimination of their effects from the
measurements 76.,
Consider, --ions on accuracy of leveling results and on their weight 81
'Differential leveling 82
Accuracy required in leveling operations, Maximum allowable errors,
and discrepancies :85

c
Precise (scientifi. leveling
86
New formulas 86,87.1
G. Precise International Leveling 88
H. Various. Leveling Methods 93
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Surveying, v. 2 CZECH/1253
Leveling methods.for nets of
Leveling with levels having a
orientation
General principles for correc
Crossing a wide river
I. Tying-in Technical Levelings
:Benchmarks
Unified Czechoslovak National
Various methods of point fixiLg.
:shapes and types of marks
J. General or Ordinary Leveling
Adjustment of precise technic
K. Detailed Leveling
Leveling of a strip of,ldnd
Area leveling
Square net
Contour lines, contour map
'Card 6/17
st order 93
plane-parallel prism and a wedge-type
9
leveling procedure
96
o Fixed Elevation Points. Placing
96,
Control Net. ..97,
Tying-in the points. Various
98
or Technical Purposes 100
a levels 102
104
104
105
.105
-
;
'
106

Surveying, v. 2 CZECH/1253
L. Longitudinal and Transverse Profiling 108
~Measurement of water channel 110
M. Leveling Problems
Ch. IV. Barometric Leveling 1.16
A. Air Pressure Measuring Instruments 116
Mercury barometers (tvin-tube and cistern types) 117:1
Wild-Fuess standard-barometer 115
Aneroid,(metal) axo meter 120
'Adjustable aneroid 119
B. Basic Bexometric Equations 119.
Derivation of formulas
Corrections to mercury barometer readings 121,
Corrections to aneroid barometer readings
Paulin aneroid barometer 1:26
Soviet differential barometer 127
C. Computation of Barometrically Determined
Elevations 129.-1
.
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General remarks
Hemwr-Fennel tachymeter
Kern micropticalidade '157,
"Dah1ta" tachymeter
157-
Jeffcott tachymeter 158
Sanguet self-reducing tachymeter 158
'
Other tachymeter designs with fixed stops (Kern,, Balu, Blanc.".
Charnot) l62
Field technique with fixedL-stop-tachymeters 163
self-reducing tachymeter "Redtall,
Bossharclt-Zeiss 164
.
Kern double-image reducing tachymeter 166
Wild reducing tachymeters 166
Self-reducing tachymeter Wild RDS 166_:',
Self-reducing tachymeter Wild RDH 169,
Soviet automatic Stodolkevich 'Gachymeter 172
Stodolkevich-type microptic alidade 173
C. Tachymetric Worm-type RangeFinders
173
D. Tachymeters and Measuring Methods of Engineer Tichy 175

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Surveying, v. 2 CZk=/1253
Tichy tachymeter W5
Measuring technique in using the Tichy tachymeter 177
1
Logarithmic method .
178,
Ch. III. Tachymetric Measurements of Large Areas 181
Net of observations 181,
Prominent points.
:Prellminarysketch 183
,
General organization of fieldwork. Measurement work on the observation ~
point 185~
Tachymetric field-book, 187
Tachymetric tables 18T
Tachymetric slide-rul& 189
Graphic aidL and protractors, i96
Plotting the maps 190
Tachymetric measurement in inaccessible terrain 192,
-Ch. TV. Accuracy of Stadia-hair Tachymetry 193
Ch. V.: Precision Tachymetric Methods .196
General remarks. Precision technical tachymetry,
.196
Rod graduation of specialdesign. Barot optical micrometer,
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,Survey:Lng, v. 2 CZECH/1253
Werffeli rod 198.,
Heckmann rod graduation l9p;~
Barot optical nicrometer 199
.
Polar method of public land surveying with accurate optical distance ,
measurement 200.
PART VIII. COMPILING MAPS
Materials for map drafting 0 2
A. -Drafting Instruments 2102,'
-Plotting rulers ancl triangles
demus plotting set
6tefekand Zvolsky plotting set 205*.,
Aids for drafting a sectional, rectangular or square grid
Plotting points 'by adjusted coordinatesi Ordinatogrephs and coordinato-
graphs 207,
Courbier ordinatograph 207.
Frame-type coordinatographs
Polar coordinatograph
Coradi
coordinatographs .209
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17

Surveying, v. 2. C=/1253
B. Map Reducing Tools
Suspension pantograph.
Compass-type pantograph 211p.
Reducing ruler' 212
Photographic reductioz. 2121,
PART Dc. AREA MEASUREMENT
General Remarks
213~
Considerations on desirable accuracy in area measurement 213,
Formulas for (Maximum) allowable error in area measurewent PJ6.
A.- Calculation-of Area From Actual Measurements ~216
Review of formulas
Measure ent of plots of irregular shape
Remarks on numerical computation.
Examples of area computation 222.:
B. Area Determination From Maps. Area Measuring Instruments
Relationship between the actual area and its projection on,the map ~,227._
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Surveying, v. 2 CZECH/12.53
'Various graphical methods for determining areas from map 227-
Alder hair planimeter 230,_-.
C.- Planimeters
.~233
~Polar planimeter 233
Basic formulas for area computing with polar planimeter 234
Linear planimeters 23TIII ''I
Transformation of the basic formula
237,
Compensating polar planimeter 238
Tegting and adjustment of polar planimeters 239
Measurement of areas with a polar planim ter 242
Accuracy of polar~planimeters 246
Coredl precision planimeters 248
Disc planimeter 248
Carriage-.type (Spherical) planimeter 250.
Cax-riage and circular disc planimeter
252
Transformation of,the:basic formula 253,
-Pantograph planimeter (pantoplanimeter)
Area measurements with.Coradi planimeters
Prytz and Schnb6kel arm-type planimeter
Accuracy of various types.,of planimeters 25g
Square net for area measurementa ~25
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Surveying, v. 2 CZECH/1253
D. Computation of Areas from Direct and graphically Measured Distances
-(semi-graphical method) 256,
E. Shrinkage of Paper
Area shrinkage. Area adjustment for shrinkage 257
Longitudinal or linear shrinkage. Longitudinal adjustments for
shrinkage 26o
F. Computation of Areas In a Large Block t P Land ~61
General principles 261:
Computation of areas according to publiqland regulations
Computation of group.areas~"
Computation of single lot~areas 265
PART X. SU13DIVISION OF AN AREA AND AWUSnENT OF BOUNDARY LZENES
A. Subdividing an Area
266
Dividing a triangle L*6
Dividing a trapezoid 269-
Dividing a quadrilateral 0
27
Dividing more irregular forms 2T3
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surveying, v. 2 CZECH/1253
Dividing areas of non-uniform value 275
B. Boundary Adjustment, :270"
Graphical boundary adjustment 2T7
Analytica-1 boundary adjustment 277
Numerical problem on.boundary adjustment 278-
PART Xi. THEORY OF ADJUSTMENT
Adjustment of indirect observations 280,
General solution 280
Solution of normal equations 283
Numerical tests
Computation of mean errors and weights 287:
Review of the adjustment procedure for two unknowns 289
Examples on adjustment of indirect observations 290
Determination of a cross-hair type range-finder constant 291~
Determination of both constants incross-hair type range finders 293
Determination of constants In worm-type range finders. 296,
Determination of constants of aneroid:barometers 297-
Determination of street axis direction 298
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Surveying,,v. 2 CZECH/1253
orientation of basic direction. -The weights of measureddirections 299
Adjustment of coordinates of.a point determined .by foresight 301
Numerical problem 306
'Adjustment of coordinates of a point.determined by backsight 312
Numerical problem '315
of alpoint-determined b~ combined.metbod.,: :318
Numericalproblem ~319
~Common adjustment of coordinates of two points
3,23
Adjustment of coordinates of a point.determined .by.~distances..., 326
Ch. II. Adjustment of Correlated Observations. 328
...General Solution 328,
tests 332.
-Problems on Adjustm4~nt~by.Correl~Lted,Observations
Adjustment of angles in a triangle;,; :333
Adjustment of angles around a point
Adjustment of,vertical,piroj6ctions 336
Adjustment of a-level net from correlated observations 337
Adjustment.of a level net from indirect observations
342
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Fev a~6d -Ploikiga,
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1,61
itigation.--bi,
--y
eq resul s-:
resDondine'l
noriiial incid6hcii'---thia.~. _g_'est..,r-oiinVo6c~urs
creising incidence' angle'jAhe. highest-acount anj
derice angle of appx.:,60p a twift ..a
peak: occurs ; r
~ro-a
---i -~-~
grows faster'thiin h ittiins- -a so ute:;n~
to.zeroat.,900. Cartesian,and..I~olii~- a~e representati(
'4;i iat AheAritens t they're ected-v~
are shown.. The. r
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L1050
S/058/62/000/008/028/134
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AUTHORS: Rysenko, A. G., Ulmanis, U. A.
TITLE: -Angular distribution of the reflected gamma radiation intensity
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Fizik.a, no, 8, 1962, 59, abstract 8B423, c
(In collection: Radioakt. 1zlucheniya i matody ikh i,sled.,
Riga, AN LatvSSR, 1961, 21 26)
TEM A scintillation spectrometer was used to study the angular di~'t4ribu--
~tion of the reflected gamma radiation intensity as a function of the angle of inci-'..
-060
dence of primary gamma radiation. C .-CS1371 and TuI70 gamma-ray sources were
used along with Plexiglas, Al, Fe, and Pb scatterers. The scatterer thi c~zness c6r_';
responded to that of.saturation, measured at the angle of ine.idence(p = 00. The
anisotropy of the angulaz5 distributi,on.of thereflected radiation intensity Was, ob-,
served to increase with the angle of inicidence. The intensity rose with a drop,,of.,.':
the scatterer Z value and an increase of~the angle of incidence of primary radia-
0
and.with a Plexiglas
tion It attained a maximum at an angle of incidence of 75
most anisotropic intensity distribution as al function.of..the angle:
ofiincidence was,obtained for scatterers with average and high Z.Values and a.pri-
mary.gamma-radiation energy E T > 500 'cev. The investigation reSultsare presented
Card 11-1h 4

133-12-6/26
'AUTHORS: 'Bedellyan, L.P., Zhilyakov, I.G., Kanevskiy, V..M.,
Rysev, A.II) and Urinson A.I., Engineers.
-,TITLE: Operation of 185-ton Open Hearth Furnaces on Patural Gas
(Rabota 185-t martenovskikh pechey na prirodnom gaze)
PERIODICAL: Stal', 195?, No.12j pp. 1082 1085 (USOR).
ABSTRACT: Operation of a 185-ton open hearth furnace fired with
natural gas carburised with fuel oilis described. Originally
designed and actually used gas-oil burners are shown in Figs.
1 and 2, respectivelyand the gas installation used in irig-3
J!'or the atomisation,of the fuel oil, the use of.gas and-steam:
was tried. Operational indices of best heats and a comparison.,
of the furnace oneration lahen fired with gas-fuel oil, ~as-fu6l.~
oil (atomised with steam) and fuel oil alone.are given in
Tables I and 2, respectively. It is concluded that on transfer
of furnace from oil to natural gas (10 atm.) firing the output
will not decrease only if high pressure-superheated steam is
used for the atomisation of fuel oil The flame obtained with
natural gas, carburised with 2716 of oil has similar properties-,
..as fuel-oil flame.. A:proposal -is made to carry out experimenta
on firing an open hearth furnace with natural gas preh~eate&~to
C,~as well as with gas of:increased pressure (13 15
There are 2 tables and 3 figures.
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SOURCM Fisiblog It.-shurnil.,
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phys lo iii -tt" io
_timhnique ~ A: filter attuned to" the' A'
.Wthm of- t 4 Wi,~
am be iiside a~ ght source:-Is -, APPLI a;p appearsmo:; a
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.~ ~ 1. EXCERPTA M)
11 1189. RYAA0 R'IBin:

Abstract No abstract given,
Carl 1/1

C Ou". OM-1,

catqn-cry -h(3Lnl cal 7-ro ft ur e a r. c'
O~lafnicAl Technrulov
v.
, _
Thal v Apr
311 c R tlona Svnthct4..c TblymcrF,
0 .3. tj 0 U V. Ra _"Zb uir llmm. Va IC, .4-tics.,
3693"
ku k'-, ho r RTSOVY IDS
n
T i t The PrndactAon' a-f ~.Pcl_Yvln-lclq,.crPe fo, he
P., 6 1 J of pastv"~
O.r.1c Dlb. Gn e ir, Pr turiv i 1
Abs' ract nvakitlp'atlorl a
yarlous v~ethadv, (Ory5,na~in an ~ P, tom I z i n gr O'e.18, -
1 e rs i nd . pre W J. hl'.
lacntor.' on rol rk c I rl ta tion
'Al (80 14. Wai ea*.ablishcd- tna t tho -be S t
2 4
ir-'8ul't8,-in the prolf uct-lor. o f pas ter;; - frcim:',~,
polyvi v1 chlo r I d e emule Ions were obtalnee
n
,
by drying in an, atomilzinp* elialccator. -Riald
'_
-
,q e' t'1830_'j
drying vohdit-lons.- (for ex
~3tc-ed~"of~'at 1620
) re-dude-E the ablil-ty of I
.
stablP r.,-wtGa, whl,.ch Is cc-nflr%.ed,:
,rp L 9- nLz ~t,
Opr .1citilarly, :by a. comrr _t.' v ~ 4rrl p L
of I S'3E'E~ J ngr excal-I ent pa c t ig
C a n.,
7777~t~

2
U, 'F/61Ax)8/012/004/0'
E112/E953
(I'l-1, RyYa ~, Drahom*'
OR: vy
A
TITLE: Inhibited oxi ion of polypropylene
PE R -T. 0 D i ' ,k LChemic!4 prdmysl, no.12, 1961, 663-665
TEXT: Th
e mechanism of ageing of atactic polypropylene i
presence of phenyl-2-naphthylamine (PBNA) as antioxidant is
studied. It is characterised by an induction period. In general,
an optimum concentration exists fror each antioxidant, below which
additional antioxidant decreases the rate and above which addit-
ional antioxidant increases the rate. The fact that such an
timum is observed indicates that these materials function in
opt
more than one way.- The author has-.alre,ady (Ref.l: Vys.sojed,v.3,
19611 464) shown plots of induction times a.--ainst concentration of
PBNA and drawn attention to the existence of a critical.tempera-
ture, at which a steep rise of theinduction period.took place. Its
numerical value.can be computed fro,m
k2 (RH)
k
~5
Card 1/3

31752
.Mhibited oxidation of Z/000/61/000/012/004/005
E112/E953
where k rate.constant of chain propagation, k rate constant
2 ~O
t4 on a
of chain termina nd '(RH) =-concen,tr,ation of hydrocarbon. The
author now presents a study of the second maximum on the induction
plot, namely the point at.which furthor additiorsof PBNA remain
without.effect. xoe j ~ im e n t a 1 :Propylene was converted-into the
atactid polymer by mearia of TiC.13-AlC13 or AI(C2H5)3 as catalysts,
The reaction mixture was then exposed to atmospheric moisture to
decompose U
-he catalyst system. he powdered polymer was imorer-,
nated with an acetone solution of PBNA, and -Pressed into foils.at-
2500C. Tbe rate of oxidation inhibition was assessed from.the,-in-'
auction -oeriod at 1800C, i.e. from the period in,which no absor-o-
tion of oxygen tooxll-_ placce. Results showed considerable discrepan-
that the fected
.(~iez and scatter of points. It is.concluded Q y are af1L
fundamentally b~f the mixed crystals of TiC13-AlC'17,,, used as a
catalyst. increased quantities,of the catalyst will offset tile
function of the antio,xidant. Incompletely reoxidised mixed
crystals-of TiCl _AlC1 have a particularly deleterious effect, As
3 3
ctiveness is c ommen
-CO the action of PBN ~ its effe surate with its
solubiliti- in 'c.,',ie polymerisation system and its concentrat
ion
Car(I

SI/1
90/61/003/007/019/021
.
Oxidallion of Isotactic pol,ypropylen.e., B*01/B230
tube, was measured by a Wheatstone bridge, VI-I
-1-atile acids were deluermined.
.
by passing 0 2 through theheated reaction -re.ssel and, subsequent bubblirg
through Bai OH) Acid quantity absorbed was deter M4
by litrati
2 LI ion, For
determining the acetaldehyde and formaldehyde.. the.g4seaus products were
trapped in a 0,
I molar solution of LiOH; the aldehydes were determined by
:
,
,
pol.arography. Acetic acid was determin'ed by conversion to.ca"Icium ace-
tate, heating to high temperature, and reacting the acetone prcduced with~
0-nitto-benzaldehyde.in alkaline medium, Reduc,ing the sample with mag-
nesium powder, presence of -formic acid was proved by drop reaction with
phenylhydrizin hydrochloride and potassium fe.rrocyanide., Passing the reac-
,
tion products with 0. in the absorber failed to turn out reproducible.
results, These were obtained by following arrangement of-experiment.- A:
test tube, lined inside with solid KOH. was-placed into the reaction
vessel. into thistest tube the polymer film:(Q'I mm thick, weight 0403
:9Y
,
wound around a glass tube was introduced leaving a clearance of about

~mm between KOH.and film, Fig...5 shuws the experiment results at 150'.Cl.;
3
The maximum.oxidation rate w was rapidly attai,ned after the beginning,of
Card 2/5
p

S/1901161/003/007/019/021
Oxidation of isotactic polypropylepyri,,-,~,~ B10-YB230
oxidation, It was depending on the surface area of-the sample and, here..
with., on the rate of diffusion, After consuming 0.74 moles of 0 per
.2~
mole of monomer links, oxidation -ceas.ed, About 50 ~-of the original
weight of the sample were left over... In the oxidatien products were
found*. acetic and Tormic acldB; acetaldehyde and formaldehyde:ocourred
only in subsequent phases of oxidation.. For:formaldehyde, merely qua-
litative determination was possible. probably, for being cxidized either
to formic acid or to CO Formation of.acetaidehyde and acid products
2'
was in correspondence with the Arrhenius equation, For the formation of
Volatile acids E = 22 kca'~, for the formation of ar;etaldehyde E = 30-4
kcal was calculated., Various~possible types of reactions were discussed:
.1) Isomerization of the peroxide radicals with formation of formaldehyde
and acetaldehyde; 2) decomposition of peroxides with form6tioh of alcohol
-groups in:the chain; 3) breaking the chain and decomposition of hydro-
CH
3
peroxide; formation of the radicalL CH.-CH-R forming again a~ peroxi(
2 2
Card 3
/5

S/ go/6!/00'1/O0'f/0!9/021
B, 1/.B
Oxldatton o~ polypropylene 0. 2zO
this may decompose a),forming an alcohol group at the a n d o the chain;
b) forming,formaldehyde and acetaldehyde~ From Fig, 5 it is.deduced that.!~.~.:
the rate of formation of volatile acids is lower.by.two orders of magni-
tude than the rate of 0 absorption, At maximum oxidation rate merely
2
8 % are ascribed to -reactions 1) and 3b), Accordingly. in the first,
phase of oxideltion, predominantly alcohols are fvrmed~ Mentioned are$
V. B. Millei~, M- V; Neyman, V, S. Pudov, Ya-~ A~ Shiyapnikovi and L, 1,,
Lafer.- There are 6 figures and 5 references: 4 Soviet-bloc and.1 non-
Soviet-blo: The reference to English-lang-aage publication reads as
follows: W. L., Hawkins, W, Matreyek, F_ H_ Winslow, Papers presented at
0
Boston Meeting of American Chemical Society. 30, 1959,
ASSOCIATIONA Scientific Research inst-itute of Macromoleoular
Chemistry, Brno,
SUBMITTED$ Yanuary 7 1961
Card 4/5

Surveying, v, 2 CZECH/1253
TAKE OF CONTENTS:
PART IV. MEASUFOEMS OF ELEVATIONS.
General Remarks
3-1
Ch. 1. Geometric Measurement of Elevations 12
Ch* II. Trigonometric Measurement of.Elevations
I'Considerations of accuracy
Trigonometric deteimination-of height of a -Doint
15
Trigonometric determination of differences in elevation 16
Elevation computation taking Into account the refraction of light rays and
the,curvature of the earth's surface
17.
Formulas for computing differences in elevation 20
Reduction of reciprocal measurements of zenithal.distances
Determination of refraction coefficient 26
Accuracy of elevations from non-reciprocal trigonometric observations.
Weight of observations
~6
Card 2/17

Surveying, -v. 2
CZECH/1253
Ch.-III. leveling
28
1
Basic principle. General remarks -
28.1
A. Level Rods 29
Graduated rods 29
Rods with target 31~
The invar rods 32
Stadia ro.ds. 32,
Footplates for leveling rods. Pins 33
D. Levels .331
Levels, type I
Levels type II
39
levels, type III
Levels, type TV
43-

Lodvels, type V 44L
Testing of collars
45
Error of the optical axis of the telescope
Testing the parallelism of axes in revers ible spirit level
Adjustment of levels for measuring 48
Comparing various types of levels,
49,
Card 3/1
7

Surveying, v. 2, CZECH/1253
Additional devices and some modern level designs 50
Wild qnd. Kern reflecting prisms 51
Plane-parallel device serving as an optical micrometer on level 52
Telescopes on the modern levels 54
Brief description of some modern levels 55
Zeiss-Opton N12,level 59
C. Universal Levels ("Leveling Tacheomdters") 6o
D. Aids and instruments for ApproxJnate-Leveling and for Rough
Measurements of Elevations 62
Leveling sights ~62
Communicating tube level 62
Prism used as a leveling device 62
Hose type level
63
Hydrostatic leveling 64
Mason level 64r,,,.
Pendulum level vith a collimator
66
Bose pendulum level 66
Abney reflecting level 66:
Hand level
dard 4/17

Surveying, v, 2 ~CZECH/1253
E. Basic Leveling Methods :67
Foresight.leveling .67.,
Differential leveling
Comparison of leveling by.differential and foresightmethods 71,
Trigonometric and inclined leveling
71
Trigonometric non reciprocal leveling 71
Trigonometric, differential leveling ~74
Comparison of differential and1trigonometric leveling methods 75
Aiialysis of'Leveling Accuracy
Accidental errors.in leveling, Elimination of their effects from the
measurements 76.,
Consider, --ions on accuracy of leveling results and on their weight 81
'Differential leveling 82
Accuracy required in leveling operations, Maximum allowable errors,
and discrepancies :85

c
Precise (scientifi. leveling
86
New formulas 86,87.1
G. Precise International Leveling 88
H. Various. Leveling Methods 93
Card 5/17

Surveying, v. 2 CZECH/1253
Leveling methods.for nets of
Leveling with levels having a
orientation
General principles for correc
Crossing a wide river
I. Tying-in Technical Levelings
:Benchmarks
Unified Czechoslovak National
Various methods of point fixiLg.
:shapes and types of marks
J. General or Ordinary Leveling
Adjustment of precise technic
K. Detailed Leveling
Leveling of a strip of,ldnd
Area leveling
Square net
Contour lines, contour map
'Card 6/17
st order 93
plane-parallel prism and a wedge-type
9
leveling procedure
96
o Fixed Elevation Points. Placing
96,
Control Net. ..97,
Tying-in the points. Various
98
or Technical Purposes 100
a levels 102
104
104
105
.105
-
;
'
106

Surveying, v. 2 CZECH/1253
L. Longitudinal and Transverse Profiling 108
~Measurement of water channel 110
M. Leveling Problems
Ch. IV. Barometric Leveling 1.16
A. Air Pressure Measuring Instruments 116
Mercury barometers (tvin-tube and cistern types) 117:1
Wild-Fuess standard-barometer 115
Aneroid,(metal) axo meter 120
'Adjustable aneroid 119
B. Basic Bexometric Equations 119.
Derivation of formulas
Corrections to mercury barometer readings 121,
Corrections to aneroid barometer readings
Paulin aneroid barometer 1:26
Soviet differential barometer 127
C. Computation of Barometrically Determined
Elevations 129.-1
.
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- ------ --- -
Surveying, v. 2 CZECff/1253
General remarks
Hemwr-Fennel tachymeter
Kern micropticalidade '157,
"Dah1ta" tachymeter
157-
Jeffcott tachymeter 158
Sanguet self-reducing tachymeter 158
'
Other tachymeter designs with fixed stops (Kern,, Balu, Blanc.".
Charnot) l62
Field technique with fixedL-stop-tachymeters 163
self-reducing tachymeter "Redtall,
Bossharclt-Zeiss 164
.
Kern double-image reducing tachymeter 166
Wild reducing tachymeters 166
Self-reducing tachymeter Wild RDS 166_:',
Self-reducing tachymeter Wild RDH 169,
Soviet automatic Stodolkevich 'Gachymeter 172
Stodolkevich-type microptic alidade 173
C. Tachymetric Worm-type RangeFinders
173
D. Tachymeters and Measuring Methods of Engineer Tichy 175

Card 9/17 ,

Surveying, v. 2 CZk=/1253
Tichy tachymeter W5
Measuring technique in using the Tichy tachymeter 177
1
Logarithmic method .
178,
Ch. III. Tachymetric Measurements of Large Areas 181
Net of observations 181,
Prominent points.
:Prellminarysketch 183
,
General organization of fieldwork. Measurement work on the observation ~
point 185~
Tachymetric field-book, 187
Tachymetric tables 18T
Tachymetric slide-rul& 189
Graphic aidL and protractors, i96
Plotting the maps 190
Tachymetric measurement in inaccessible terrain 192,
-Ch. TV. Accuracy of Stadia-hair Tachymetry 193
Ch. V.: Precision Tachymetric Methods .196
General remarks. Precision technical tachymetry,
.196
Rod graduation of specialdesign. Barot optical micrometer,
Card 10/17

,Survey:Lng, v. 2 CZECH/1253
Werffeli rod 198.,
Heckmann rod graduation l9p;~
Barot optical nicrometer 199
.
Polar method of public land surveying with accurate optical distance ,
measurement 200.
PART VIII. COMPILING MAPS
Materials for map drafting 0 2
A. -Drafting Instruments 2102,'
-Plotting rulers ancl triangles
demus plotting set
6tefekand Zvolsky plotting set 205*.,
Aids for drafting a sectional, rectangular or square grid
Plotting points 'by adjusted coordinatesi Ordinatogrephs and coordinato-
graphs 207,
Courbier ordinatograph 207.
Frame-type coordinatographs
Polar coordinatograph
Coradi
coordinatographs .209
Card 11/
17

Surveying, v. 2. C=/1253
B. Map Reducing Tools
Suspension pantograph.
Compass-type pantograph 211p.
Reducing ruler' 212
Photographic reductioz. 2121,
PART Dc. AREA MEASUREMENT
General Remarks
213~
Considerations on desirable accuracy in area measurement 213,
Formulas for (Maximum) allowable error in area measurewent PJ6.
A.- Calculation-of Area From Actual Measurements ~216
Review of formulas
Measure ent of plots of irregular shape
Remarks on numerical computation.
Examples of area computation 222.:
B. Area Determination From Maps. Area Measuring Instruments
Relationship between the actual area and its projection on,the map ~,227._
C ard 12/17'

Surveying, v. 2 CZECH/12.53
'Various graphical methods for determining areas from map 227-
Alder hair planimeter 230,_-.
C.- Planimeters
.~233
~Polar planimeter 233
Basic formulas for area computing with polar planimeter 234
Linear planimeters 23TIII ''I
Transformation of the basic formula
237,
Compensating polar planimeter 238
Tegting and adjustment of polar planimeters 239
Measurement of areas with a polar planim ter 242
Accuracy of polar~planimeters 246
Coredl precision planimeters 248
Disc planimeter 248
Carriage-.type (Spherical) planimeter 250.
Cax-riage and circular disc planimeter
252
Transformation of,the:basic formula 253,
-Pantograph planimeter (pantoplanimeter)
Area measurements with.Coradi planimeters
Prytz and Schnb6kel arm-type planimeter
Accuracy of various types.,of planimeters 25g
Square net for area measurementa ~25
Card 13/17

Surveying, v. 2 CZECH/1253
D. Computation of Areas from Direct and graphically Measured Distances
-(semi-graphical method) 256,
E. Shrinkage of Paper
Area shrinkage. Area adjustment for shrinkage 257
Longitudinal or linear shrinkage. Longitudinal adjustments for
shrinkage 26o
F. Computation of Areas In a Large Block t P Land ~61
General principles 261:
Computation of areas according to publiqland regulations
Computation of group.areas~"
Computation of single lot~areas 265
PART X. SU13DIVISION OF AN AREA AND AWUSnENT OF BOUNDARY LZENES
A. Subdividing an Area
266
Dividing a triangle L*6
Dividing a trapezoid 269-
Dividing a quadrilateral 0
27
Dividing more irregular forms 2T3
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surveying, v. 2 CZECH/1253
Dividing areas of non-uniform value 275
B. Boundary Adjustment, :270"
Graphical boundary adjustment 2T7
Analytica-1 boundary adjustment 277
Numerical problem on.boundary adjustment 278-
PART Xi. THEORY OF ADJUSTMENT
Adjustment of indirect observations 280,
General solution 280
Solution of normal equations 283
Numerical tests
Computation of mean errors and weights 287:
Review of the adjustment procedure for two unknowns 289
Examples on adjustment of indirect observations 290
Determination of a cross-hair type range-finder constant 291~
Determination of both constants incross-hair type range finders 293
Determination of constants In worm-type range finders. 296,
Determination of constants of aneroid:barometers 297-
Determination of street axis direction 298
~:Card 15/17

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Surveying,,v. 2 CZECH/1253
orientation of basic direction. -The weights of measureddirections 299
Adjustment of coordinates of.a point determined .by foresight 301
Numerical problem 306
'Adjustment of coordinates of a point.determined by backsight 312
Numerical problem '315
of alpoint-determined b~ combined.metbod.,: :318
Numericalproblem ~319
~Common adjustment of coordinates of two points
3,23
Adjustment of coordinates of a point.determined .by.~distances..., 326
Ch. II. Adjustment of Correlated Observations. 328
...General Solution 328,
tests 332.
-Problems on Adjustm4~nt~by.Correl~Lted,Observations
Adjustment of angles in a triangle;,; :333
Adjustment of angles around a point
Adjustment of,vertical,piroj6ctions 336
Adjustment of a-level net from correlated observations 337
Adjustment.of a level net from indirect observations
342
Card 16/17

Card, 2/3

-
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- - - -
- - - - - - -
22

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ABDULIN Y A.A... ka .nd. geolIogo-mineralogicheskikh nauk; IMAYEV, D.S., ke-nd.

-;. I I I...
on ~.f
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Card 2/3
--",:,SI.798/61'/000j000
6 ~'rel iti6n ship --bitwidri'lh6f
gjj
gyk q-v~
i6ities, of. the'-,;s-catterer and

pzarrs..,i,o.werj~i Duvrxses.Jr
,0iiiiiiiis;, U-.~A i"i same ~.conij
170'
.~6'jrgy~-i.k,
a diaition,with a 3.w-kev---
c!nergy
aII-b,ed6
;~ri~O 6 -a ix -,A L.
an,~ -h-a-ral alb,dd 61' Om ql~~
Fev a~6d -Ploikiga,
r

d,'!y.! radiatli
1,61
itigation.--bi,
--y
eq resul s-:
resDondine'l
noriiial incid6hcii'---thia.~. _g_'est..,r-oiinVo6c~urs
creising incidence' angle'jAhe. highest-acount anj
derice angle of appx.:,60p a twift ..a
peak: occurs ; r
~ro-a
---i -~-~
grows faster'thiin h ittiins- -a so ute:;n~
to.zeroat.,900. Cartesian,and..I~olii~- a~e representati(
'4;i iat AheAritens t they're ected-v~
are shown.. The. r
Card 1 2
ction wit i
-at
an in
on as,l;

L1050
S/058/62/000/008/028/134
00'
A
-I/Aibi
d
AUTHORS: Rysenko, A. G., Ulmanis, U. A.
TITLE: -Angular distribution of the reflected gamma radiation intensity
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Fizik.a, no, 8, 1962, 59, abstract 8B423, c
(In collection: Radioakt. 1zlucheniya i matody ikh i,sled.,
Riga, AN LatvSSR, 1961, 21 26)
TEM A scintillation spectrometer was used to study the angular di~'t4ribu--
~tion of the reflected gamma radiation intensity as a function of the angle of inci-'..
-060
dence of primary gamma radiation. C .-CS1371 and TuI70 gamma-ray sources were
used along with Plexiglas, Al, Fe, and Pb scatterers. The scatterer thi c~zness c6r_';
responded to that of.saturation, measured at the angle of ine.idence(p = 00. The
anisotropy of the angulaz5 distributi,on.of thereflected radiation intensity Was, ob-,
served to increase with the angle of inicidence. The intensity rose with a drop,,of.,.':
the scatterer Z value and an increase of~the angle of incidence of primary radia-
0
and.with a Plexiglas
tion It attained a maximum at an angle of incidence of 75
most anisotropic intensity distribution as al function.of..the angle:
ofiincidence was,obtained for scatterers with average and high Z.Values and a.pri-
mary.gamma-radiation energy E T > 500 'cev. The investigation reSultsare presented
Card 11-1h 4

133-12-6/26
'AUTHORS: 'Bedellyan, L.P., Zhilyakov, I.G., Kanevskiy, V..M.,
Rysev, A.II) and Urinson A.I., Engineers.
-,TITLE: Operation of 185-ton Open Hearth Furnaces on Patural Gas
(Rabota 185-t martenovskikh pechey na prirodnom gaze)
PERIODICAL: Stal', 195?, No.12j pp. 1082 1085 (USOR).
ABSTRACT: Operation of a 185-ton open hearth furnace fired with
natural gas carburised with fuel oilis described. Originally
designed and actually used gas-oil burners are shown in Figs.
1 and 2, respectivelyand the gas installation used in irig-3
J!'or the atomisation,of the fuel oil, the use of.gas and-steam:
was tried. Operational indices of best heats and a comparison.,
of the furnace oneration lahen fired with gas-fuel oil, ~as-fu6l.~
oil (atomised with steam) and fuel oil alone.are given in
Tables I and 2, respectively. It is concluded that on transfer
of furnace from oil to natural gas (10 atm.) firing the output
will not decrease only if high pressure-superheated steam is
used for the atomisation of fuel oil The flame obtained with
natural gas, carburised with 2716 of oil has similar properties-,
..as fuel-oil flame.. A:proposal -is made to carry out experimenta
on firing an open hearth furnace with natural gas preh~eate&~to
C,~as well as with gas of:increased pressure (13 15
There are 2 tables and 3 figures.
uardl/9tm-)'_