SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT SHAPIRO, B.A. - SHAPIRO, D.A.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001548320001-7
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 9, 2001
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

CHERNOMORDIKOV, M.Z.; SHAPIRO B.
,=,,.A~_ __
Dependence of the final recovery~factor o*L t17A quantity of
water withdrawn from a pool. Nefteprom. delo no.7--3-7 164.
(MIRA 17:8)
1. Azerbaydzhanskiy nauchno-issledovatel'sIdy institut po
dobyche nefti.

CHER11alORDIKOV, M.Z.; SHAPIRO, B.A.
Determining the optimal distancea between wells in the development
of oil pools. Neft.khoz. 43 no.4:25-28 Ap 165. (MIRA 18:4)

ALIYEV, Sh.N.; GIIFIINOMORDIKOV~ 14.Z.; SHAPIRO, B.A.
Efficient proffli- fo:~ the filter section of a hole. Nefteprom.
delo no.4:12-15 165. (KRA 18:6)
1-.. Azerbg-.vdzhanskly nauchno--issledovatellskiy institut po dobyahe
nefti.

SHAPIROY B.E.; DOLOTOV, V.V.; KACHURA, B.S.; MITSMAKHER, I.D.;
BERGER, K.V.,red.; LUUSHCH12,IKO, N.L., tekhn. red.
(Organizing and planning the work of enterprises building
apartment houses] Organizatsiia i planirovanie raboty do-
mostroitoltnykh kombinatov. (By] B.E.Shapiro i dr. Kiev,
Gosstroiizdat USSR, 1963. 91 p. (14IRA 17-.2)

K A F
b',
ar'c -Lr
-7
Subi-i"O"eii Feb!,uary

NOM(I`K~J%rrv~', L.N%; SHAPIROY B.I.
Erdiphysis and subcommissural organ of some verlebratAu. Arkh. anat.1
~clist- i embr. 48 no.2:30.-44 F 165. (~MU :L8:8)
1. laboratoriya sravnitellnoy fiziologii tsentrallnoy nervncy
sistemy (zav. - chlen korrespondent AN ArmSSR i A.I.Karamyan)
Instituta evollitsionnoy fiziologii imeni I.M.Ser,,h-enova AN SSSR,
Leningrad.

SHAPIRO, Z-erta Illinishria; l.`-lli-ll'ir,(JV, Ya.k., prof., otv. red,
[Cpticovegetati7e connections of the diencephalon;
comparative morphoptWsiological study] Optiko-vageta-
tivnye sviazi mezhutochnogo mozga; aravnitellnyi morfc--
fiziologicheskii ocherk. Moskva, flauka, 10,65. 112 p.
(MIRA 18:11)

V.
"'-~-L SCVfJLS'Ka~%-;~ 1.11.1 kV.7'
S-ubcomc,issural organ In pho-~.c-,--nic cazaiepsy. :--rkh. am~-., g-, St.
u
i embr. 46 nc.6:42-4.9, Je ',`4- R-i~ 1S.3)
(zav. - doktor
L. Dd;oratoriva evolyutsii dv-l-:-atellnoy deyate, 'IC St4
bio,logich-3kirkl. nauk Prof. Yhul o-.,r) i laboratori-ya gistofizio-
K
lo,:ii (zav. - 'vand. biol. nau'u- '~oiSLyeV' T.,,.Stituta --,~clyu-s4on-
~ I I . - ) - - U
ric,-)- fiziolo,-ii ili-ien-i Sec;e-vva ','~ SSSlt, :,enln---rad.

KA?~.~ANOVA, Lit
B.
Yu 0
L
gr~n;:~
hypotlhala:;i~~Is Ln p, c:
no.7: 34-," Jo
L
1. Lal~civatGriya razvitiya i rt~g~-~yw-si~
~z;iv. Jl)'ftor
I
Lol og 11 za v. Ye . A. I
k;
f vmi I.:'- SL;, '.

-.---SRAYIROI--B.I.
'kriations of the branches of the middle cerebral artery in mgn*
Trudy Gos.nauch.-iasl.psikhonevr.inst. 28t69-77 162. (MIM 15:12)
(BRAIN-BLA)OD SUPPLY)

SHAPIRO, B.I.
Innervation of the liver in guinea pigs, rabbits, and white mice.
Mat. po evol. fiziol. 3:51-60 '58. (MIRA -12:4)
(LTVXR-INNERVATION)

S!bII'DO' B. K.
Osnovy rascheta glushitelei shwma vykhlopa. Moskva, Oborongiz, 1943.
62, (2) p. diagrs. (Tsentrallnyi institut aviatsionnogo motorostroerd.ia.
Trudy,, no. 0)
Bibliography: p. (6h)
Fundamentals of calculating the mufflers of exhaust noise.
DLC: TJ789.SL,"
S : Manufacturing and Yechanical Engineering in the Soviet Union, Library
10
of Congress, 1953.

USSR/Aeronautics
Engines, Aircraft - Detonations
Fuel, Aviation
Apr 47
'!Electric-aaoustic Methad of Recording Knocks in Plane Dagines, 11 A. S. Sokolik, Dr Chem
Sci, A. S. Sokolik, B. K. Shapiro, Cand Tech Sci, M. I. Rodman, 7 pp
"Tekh Voz Flota" No 5 (230)
In the Drocess f testing plane engines and fuel, in connection with a knock, it is most
important to have objective registration of theknock to determine the critical point of
cylinders and to be able to record the data on a scale. This article explains a new
method of recording the knock by acoustic means and is meant to ffamiliarize specialists
with the new development. The author Dresents apparatus layout diagram and also photo-
graphs of oscillograph recording of an engine under normal operation and when there is
a knock.
PA 28T9

Dissertation : 111.1-irpl-,olotzical Changes in the LLm-s in Kidney and Liver Infections."
Cand 4-.eA -ici, Kir,~iz "'.:edical lnst, 2S ' - 54. 30vetskaya Kir~;iziya, Frunze, 18 I-IaY 54.
-a. -
1.
-.~-' * 2c,4, -)() '70V 1954

USSR /Human and Animal Physiology. Excretion. T-6
Aba Jour :Ref Zhur - Biologiya, No 1, 1959, No- 3478
Author :Shapiro.,
Inst Kirgl_-~ State twdical Institute
Title S't--6y on the Basic Argyrophilic Substance of the Inner
Organs in Ligations of the Ureters, the Renal Vessels
and in Nephrectomy
Crig Pub :Tr. Kirg. gos. med. in-t, 1956, 8, 86-89
Abstract :The state of the argyrophilic fibers in the inner organs
was investigated in 53 rabbits following ligature of the
renal vessels, the ureters, or after a one-sided
nephrectomy. The preparations were fixed by the method
of Fut. The surgical procedures on the kidneys were
accompanied by changes of the argyrophilic fibers not
only in the renal tissue, but also in other.organs (lungs,
myocardium, liver). Soon after the operation, melting of
Card 1/2
44

PAYEVSKIY, V.A., otv. red.; KOROTKOVA,L.,
red.lza ' A. tekhn. red.
-va; EEL'SMV, jP
[Auditing financial statements of a cooperative society]
Schetnaia proverka bukhRalterskogo otcheta potrebitellskogo
obshchestva. Moskva, GDsfinizdat, 1962. 78 p.
(M~IRA 17: 1)

71,H'OKOV, V.V.; SIJAPT~110, B.M., dctsent, nauchnyy rul-ovoditell rabctv
Immnological characLaristics of cytotoxic nephritis in a chi-onic
expe'riment. Trudy KiraNOAGE n,,.2jl27-129 165-
Characteristics of the begim-iin.- of recovery- in chronic Masugi
naphritia. lb-Ld..1129-130 WRA 18-'-"L)
1. Kirgizskiy gosudarst-verrkrr meditsinskiy instuitut,

ZIiAHENSKIY, M.S.; SHAPIRO, B.M.
Teratomas of the retroperitoneal space. Sov. zdrav. Kir.
no.6:50-52 V-D'62. (MIRA 16:6)
1. Iz khirurgichoskogo otdelaniya (z r. - kand.med.nauk V.S.
Kononov) Kirgizskogo nauchno-issled%'-Vatellskogo instituta
okhrany materinstva i detstva (dir. -: kand.med. nauk A.A.
Illin) i kafedry patologicheskoy anatomii (zav. - zasluzhen-
nyy deyatel' nauki Kirgizskoy SSR B.F.Malysher) Kirgizskogo
gosudarstvennogo medistinskogo institata
(RETROPERITOBEAL SPACE-TUMORS)

I !IT , 1 1 -1 SHAPIRO, B.-M.,, clotsent
Develoment of rned'i call scle-ce ir. the Ki--,--hia S.S.R. Sov. ze-ra-r.
Kir. n~-4/5t9-19 Jl-0163 (MIRA 17--l)

SHAPIRO, B.M. , (Moskva)
Changes in the pancreas in myocardial infarct. Arkh. pat. 25 no.11:50-
58 163. (MIRA 17:12)
1. Iz k-fedry patol-,gicheskoy anatomii (zav. - chlen-korrespondent AMN
SSSR prof. A.I.Strukov) I Moskovskogo ordena Lenina med-itsinskogo insti-
tuta, imeni Sechenova.

ALIPERT, Ya. L., CHUDESENKO, E. F. and SHAPIRO, B. S.
"Results of Studies Conducted in the Outer Region of the Ionosphere by
Observations of Radio Signals of the First Artificial Earth Satellite."
In Book -- Preliminary Results of Scientific Research by Means of the First
Soviet Earth Satelllites and Rockets, pp 40-108, Moscow 1958.

GIIMIN. Ye.Z.; LHMIN, G.A.; IIOZIMIY. A.M.; MASXVICH, A.G.; ALIPM, Ya.L.;
CHURMMKO. 3 Fi; SEIAPIROP B.S.; GALKIR, A.M.; GORIDV, G.G.; KOTOTA,
A.P.; KOSOV, A.D.; CHWHOT, V.N.;
YAKOV13V. V.I.; MIKHATIOV, A.A., otvatstvanuy7 red.; BIMIKOVA, I.P.1
doktor fiz.-mat. nauk, otvatstvenny7 red.; SIIKIN, B.I., red.;
PCDOLISKIT, A.D., red.; PWSaOVA. T.A., tekhn. red.
[Preliminary results of the scientific research on the first
Soviet artificial earth satellites and rockets; collection of
articles in the llth section of the IGT program (rockets and
satellites)] P~redvaritallnye itogi nauchnyykh Issledovanii. s
pomoshch-liu pervykh sovetskikh'iskusstvennykh sputnika7 zem3:i
i raket; abornik litated (XI razdal programmy MG - rakety i
sputniki). Moskva, Izd-vo Akad. nauk SSSR. No.l. 1958. 148 p.
(MIRA 11:10)
1. Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) Mezhduvedomstveixvyy komitet po
provedemiyu Mezhdunarodnogo geofizzichaskogo goda. 2. Chlen-kor-
respondent AN SSSR (for Mikhaylov).
(Atmosphere. Upper-Rocket observations)
(Artificial satellites)

AUTHORS: All pert, Ya. L. , Dobryakova, F. F. , SOV/53-6----2--1/4
Chudesenko, E. F. , Shapiro, B. S.
TITLE: On Some Results Obtained When Determining the Electron
Concentration of the Exterior Domains of the Ionosphere by
the Observation of Radiosignals Emitted by the First Earth
Satellite (0 nekotorykh rezul'tatakh opreaeleniya. elektronnoy
kontsentratsii vneshney oblasti ionosfery po nablyudeniyam za
radiosignalami pervogo sputnika Zeml--')
PERIODICAL: Uspekhi fizichesk-ikh nauk, 1958, Voi. 65, Nr 2, p . 161--174 (USSR)
.P
ABSTRACT: The first Sputnik was equipped vrith an automatic radio t-rans-
mitter which operated on frequencies of 20 and 40 megacycl~n.
The low degree of absorption of these radioviaves in the iono-
sphere made it possible to draw important conclusions on the
strength of these radiosignals i-rith respect to the properties
of the ionosphere.
The authors of this paper discuss one of the possible methods of
utilizing the radiosignals emitted by the Sputnik; this method -.1-9
based upon the determination of the "radio-risirig!' and
Card 1/ 5 "raa-io-setting' of the Sputnik, which takes place earli-er and

On Some Results Obtained When Determining the Electron SOV/53-065-2-1/14
Concentration of the Exterior Domains of the Ionosphere
by the Observation of Radiosignals Emitted by the F---.st
Earth Satellit-e
'at-er res-Pectively than aptical rising and setting, These ob-
serva,r,iors made it possible to determine an electron concertz-ation
(which is at about 320 km) , of the concentration of neutral
part--cles, as well as of the "boundary" , where the atmosphere of
the earth comes into contact %vith the interplanetary gai. It f~.a
not claimed that these first data obtained about the outer ion---
sphere are accurate; they merely serve as a first means of
orientation -.,rith respect to prevailing cond-it-ions. The authors
car-'ed out their investigation on the basis of radio observations
of the Sputnik which were made on the 5. June and -. October 19r-,-7"
among the available material which comprised about 600 statemems
of time of the beginning and end of radio signals- there were from
60 to -t0 cases which could be utilized in practice for the dete::,-
mination of
W, WC WC ;b CU,
- < and W 3 reespecti-Tely.
Card 215 W W

On Some Results Obtained When Determining the Electron SOV/53-065-2-1/14
Concentration of the Exterior Domains of the Ionosnhere
by the Observation of Radiosignals Emitted by the Pirst
Earth Satellite
(Co = transmitting frequency of tke Sputnik, W3 = the boundary
values of frequency, WC = 3,18-1011~1, N1,1 = 11=11r=1 Of electron
concentration). For electron cancentrations higher than in the
case of the maximum, concentration the authors obtained the follow.-
i
- g formula:
n N = 1,8.10 6e-3,5-jo-3(z-32D) (z = height in km)
The region above an altitude of about 600 km is called "exosphere"
by the authors. It vras found that at altitudes of several 1000 km
the state of the earth's gas shell approaches the state of the
interplanetary gas- The authors obtained the following values for
the electron density and the densizy of neutral particles:
alti-
t-ade in
km 2CO 320 400 1150 1800 2460 3120
elec- 6 6 5 104 103 2
trons; -10~-, I.-S.,10 114-A0 10 10 cm3
rieutm, 1 -10 5-104 ^, j02 < I CM3
Card 3b particl--~~5.109 -2P. Ica( 6.108)(2.jo5) (2,10) (2c)) (< 1) /cm3

On Some. Results Obtained Jhen Deteimining the Electron SOV/53-065-2-1/11,
Concentration of the Exterior Domains of the Ionosphere
by the Obser-ration of RadiosipTials Emitted by the First
Earth Satellite
The following vra-luea were obtained for the electron recombination
coefificiant o( and the solar radiation S:
z,,,, 3 20 Ian Sjj 0,2 erg(CM 2 sec 0( 11 -10- 10cmYsec
'7M 4C0 RY, SLI 0 3 e --g/ cm 2sp-c C(Y-io-11.3/sec (Table 1)
z >, 1000 IGn 3,5, 0,6 erg/cm2sec 010 _10-12an3/see
(The index b! denolues the maximum electron density in thf, raspec-
ti-re region). The folloAng values were obtained for the life
of the electrons and the t-; between ionization acts -
Te Ime LH:
z ( Ian) VH
=320 -5,107 -13
.--5,1
Card 4/5 - WO - 3. jo7 7.1o4 (26)

On Some Results Obtained 'When Determining the Electron SO'1/53-65-2-1/14
Concentration of the Exterior Domains of the Ionosphere
by the Observation of Raaiosignals Emitted by the First
Earth Satellite
z(km) T-H Ve
a: 1150 -2 107 -107
c~i 800 , 2: jo7 1108
n!~50 -2.lo7 '109
vrith 're ~--: I/oCN and tH = 73Tt-1
For the quasi-steady ratio rVIT , 'Ca/Te with (26) the values
given in brackets in table I are found for the concentration of
the neutral particles. There are 9 figures, 1 table, and 9
references, 5 of which are Soviet.
1. Satellite vehicles 2. Radio transmitters--Performance
3. Electrons--Determination 4, Ionosphere--Properties
5. Radio waves--Absorption
Card 5/5

ra -
ec n -once,
e on a .3 1
C.n

,,ne-hr'
t.- -
~-j
j
n r)
Ka Zell!
-o

~m
ad
kl ,
.
a
Do
us S R,~

Til 0

ta
t
L
n

n
M-t, cq,
.
-
-
-
-
on these data are based ~ ~i COXLCQ
"a

',7~ n t
1 A
L t
s a - c e e
i"e :zt, nn -j s o .vk- rt i a nJ n
j* v s L
e ad y
C km tiit2 ~-C)jjcc- '.1-atJon of
Tint.-, to
n S q,
t~t
~hos~ ;:-Iti -
unon tl
u r t
t lid e%

Or, 'the by Determi-i-I*nF, the ltactron ?oncentrr~-Lon of
-"-,.-tern a I Ru~zl on o" tlie Ton on ~k, Bn Li ~ (j,' ",vil J r) 2i :~na,
I_)Iv t 1, 1 c., 7 ir F- trhn t c11. i t e
of
1 5 ote~ n' kov r
c i rv, LI S S; IR
SU,`~.: 1TTE'D _Febr,~,ar-! 1-, 1'.)r,,ii
1. Electrons--Abundance 2. Ionosphere--Analysis 3. Radio
signals--Applications 4. Satellite vehicles--Applications
rd

PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/5743
'Akademiya nauk SSSR. Mezhduvedomstvennyy komitet po provedeniyu
Mezhdunarodnogo geofizicheskogo goda. Vrazdel programmy MGG:
Ionosfera.
Issledovaniya Ionosfery; sbornik stat~y (Ionospheric Researches;
Collected Articles. No. 3) Moscow, Izd-vo AN USSR, 1960.
100 p. 2,000 copies printed.
Resp. Ed.: N. V. Mednikov, Candidate of Physics and Mathematics;
Ed.: L. A. Trofimova; Tech. Ed.: T. V. Polyakova.
PURPOSE : This IGY publication is intended for geophysicists,
astrophysicists, and other scientists concerned with the
Ionosphere and radio atmospherics.
COVERAGE: The collection of articles contains the results of
investigations on the ionosphere and radio atmospherics, based
chiefly on IGY observational data from USSR stations. The
articles may be grouped into the three following categories:
Card 1/5

Ionospheric Researches; Collected (Cont.) SOV/5743
1) studies of the morphology and physics of both quiet and
perturbed ionospheres; 2) methodology of evaluating absorp-
tion and drifts in the ionosphere; and 3) questions on the
use of Ionospheric observations for practical purposes. No
personalities are mentioned. English abstracts and refer-
ences follow each article.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Foreword 5
Shapiro, B. S. An Investigation of the Distribution of
1_oii_!_zaU_oh With Height 7
Kessenikh, V. N. Certain Peculiarities in the Geographic
Distribution of the Maximum Electron Concentration in the
F-2 Layer Over the Urals, Siberia, the North Caucasus, and
Soviet Central Asia (1957-1958) 18
Card 2/5

Ionospheric Researches; Collected (Cont.) SOV/5743
Struin, 0. N.)and Ya. I. Felldshteyn. Nondeviating Absorp-
tion of Radio- 94ves in the Auroral Zone
Gusev, V. D., and S. F. Mlrkotan. On Certain Anomalies
During an Investigation of Ionospheric Drifts
Rapoport, Z. Ts. On the Question of Determining the M3000
Coefficient
.'ik-hter, Ya. I., and G. I. Terina. Certain Results on In-
vestigating the Intensity of Radio Atmospherics (Strays)
at Moscow
Rodionov, Ya. S. A Possible Method of Determining Effec-
11-1ve Recombination Coefficients and the Rate of Ionization
j
-r-, the Ionosphere
Zakharov, V. I., and Z. K. Shibayev. Effective Recombination
66
77
83
go
95
Card 4/ 5

POTAPOVAJ, 4441.; SHAPIRO, B.S.
N(h) profiles of the ionosphere over Moscow during the ionospheric
mttffnetic disturbance in November 1960. Geomag. i aer. 3 no.1;63~-72 Ja-F
163. (MLRA 16:4)
1. Institut zemnogo magnetizina, ionosfery i rasprostraneniya radiovoln
AN SSSR.
(!~Ioscow-Magnetic storms-1960 (November))

0
0939
S/570/4/000/017/009/012
E032/E514
AUTHORg Shapiro, B.S.
TITLE?~ On the prognosis of the geometrical parameters and the
altitude-frequency h'f-characteristics of the
ionosphere
SOURCE-~ Akademiya nauk SSSR. Institut zemnogo magnetizma,
ionosfery i rasprostraneniya radiovoln. Trudy, no.17(27).
Moscow.1960, Rasprostraneniye radiovoln i ionosfery,
216-239
TEXT. This is a continuation of the work reported by the
present author in Ref.2 (Trudy NIIZM, no-7. 23, 1953). In the
first section of the present paper the author shows that the
h'f curves can be approximated to by parabolas and occasionally
(daytime, equatorial latitudes) by triangles. The type of
approximation made is clearly illustrated in Fig.l. Once the
parameters of the parabolic and triangular distributions have been
determined, the true altitudes can in principle be deduced,
However, the experimental altitude frequency characteristics
(ionograms) are not always available. Nevertheless, it is argued
Card 1/#~~
2

30939
On the prognosis of the S/570/60/000/017/009/012
E032/E514
that h ma and YM can be deduced from tabulated ionospheric data
as descrige I by the present author in Ref.2. hmax and y M can
in fact be found through the simultaneous solution of two equations
involving the experimental values of the coefficients M, h ' a
min
f and f where M = fl /f f is the critical frequency
0 min3 max 0 0
and V is the frequency of an obliquely reflected wave (Ref.3a
N, Smithz Proc, IRE, 27; Not332, 69, 1939). A study is also made
of the diurnal, seasonal and eleven-year variations in h max) Ym~
their geographical distribution-0 day-to-day variations and their
behaviour during disturbed days. The information thus obtained is
then used in the prognosis of h max' Ym. Use is made of the linear
dependence of these quantities on the relative number R of
sunspots, N.P, Benkova ardl, 1. Potapova (Ref6. Paper presented
at the Jubilee Session of the Tomsk University, 1957) have shown
that the variability of f 0 and h max may approximately be
described by a normal distribution and the present author shows
Card 2/6 S

On the prognosis of the S/570igg)POOO/017/009/012
E032/E514
that the variation in y also obeys this distribution. A
simplified method for caTculating the variance in the latter
case is described. The method used in the long-range prognosis
is summarized as follows; 1) In order to predict R from the
linear relation between this quantity and h max" YMV a determina-
tion is made of the monthly averages of the hourly values of
hmax' Yml~ This is then used to calculate a prediction chart for
hmax' YM for a number of standard stations for each month
and each value of R. 2) The h'f-characteristic is then
constructed from the values of h max~_Ymi read off from the
chart,and the predicted values of f 0 The latter process is
facilitated by families oCtypical" h;f/f curves, some of
which are given in the present paper, 3 Inoaddition to the
long-range prognosis of the mean monthly characteristics, the
author also describes a procedure to be used in order to predict
the variation in the effective altitudes. This is done by
evaluating the average values of the variances of h
, max'y
without taking into account cyclic variations. 4) rhe ratwer small
Card 3/0 ~

30939
On the prognosis of the S/570/60/000/017/009/012
E032/E514
variation in the geometrical parameters"of the ionosphere leads
the author to the conclusion that the short-range prognosis of
h~f curves for quiet and weakly disturbed days can be deduced
from the long-range prognosis of the monthly averages for the
geometrical parameters and the short-range prediction of the
criticaj. frequencies. 5) Comparison of the results of measurements
was fGund to lead to satisfactory agreement with these predictions.
It is pointed out that the procedures described in the present
paper for the prediction of the geometrical'parameters and hIf-
charazteristins can be further improved by detailed studies of the
geographical distribution of the geometric parameters, particularly
at low 'Latitudes,and by obtaining more extensive data on the
dependence of these parameters on the solar activity, The
variation in the ratio of the critical frequencies of the Fl and
F2 layers has an important effect on h'(F2) during daytime in the
summer.*~mpro-v.ement of the prognosis of the h5f curves would require
an improvement in the prognosis of the critical frequencies f0
There are 8 figures, 4 tables and 7 references. 3 Soviet (1 a
translation from English)and 4 non-Soviet. The English-language
references read as follows:~ Ref.l,,. J.,A.Ratcliffe, J.Geophys.Res.,
Card

3'),-'39
On the prognosis of the ... . S/570/60/000/017/009/012
E032/E514
56, No.4, 463, 1951; Ref-3: Quoted in text; Ref.4: E.V.Appleton,
W.I.G.Beynon. Proc.Phys.Soc., 52, 318, 1940i-59- 331, 1947;
Ref-5: D.H.Shinn. J.Atm.Terr.Phys., 4, No.4-5,240,1953.
Card 510 1.?

S/203/61/001/005/018/028
A006/A101
AUTHORS: Shapiro, B. S., Shashunlkina, V. M.
TITLE- Motions in the F-layer of the ionosphere over Tbilisi during the
eclipse on February 15, 1961
PERIODICAL: Geomagnetizm I aeronomiya, v, 1, no. 5, 1961, 760 - 765
TEXT: It was previously stated that the effect of solar eclipse on the
F-layer was indirect, manifesting itself in the appearance of additional motions
In this layer and a corresponding redistribution of ionization. To study this
phenomenon during the eclipse of February 15, 1961, the authors employed iono-
grams of vertical sounding to calculate and investigate N(h), i.e. the ionospheric
profiles (distribution of ionization N with height h). They were calculated with
the electronic "Strela" computer for the day of eclipse and the control day (19,
2. 1961) by the integral laminar method by taking into account the terrestrial
magnetic field. Moreover, variations of median values of ionization N for an al-
titude of 240 km (N240) were calculated for 5 magnetically most quiet days in
February 1961. During the eclipse a decrease of ionization was observed on all
levels investigated in the ionosphere with a minimum at 11 hr 20 min longitudinal
Card 1/2

S/203/61/ool/oo5/oi8/O28
Motions in the F-layer of the... A006/AlOl
time. At levels above 200 km the Nlh(-t) curves show two minima. In Nflax values,
minima and maxima are less pronounced. Changes in N during the eclipse are ac-
companied by corresponding changes in the height and thickness of the F2 layer.
Variations of the term of motion during the eclipse (me) and median variations
during the control days (Mc) are represented in curves and show a slight increase
Of Me at the beginning of the eclipse and a further considerable decrease of M.
with a minimum in the second half of the eclipse. The results obtained are com-
pared with data from analogous investigations of other eclipses in lower and middle
latitudes. The authors thank V. V. Andriyanova, N. A. Bogacheva, V. G. Golovkova
and S. P. Yes'man for their assistance. There are 4 figures, I table and 8 ref-
erences: 2 Soviet-bloc and 6 non-Soviet-bloc.
ASSOCIATION: Institut zemnogo magnetizma, ionosfery i resprostraneniya radiovoln
AN SSSR (Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Propa-
gation of Radiowaves, AS USSR)
SUBMITTED. August 4, 1961
Card 2,12

BEN'KOVA, N.P., doktor fiziko-mat. nauk-, otv. red.; SHAPIR
nEi~"
otv. red.; GANGNUS, A.A.,, red.; SHEVCHENKO, d.N., tekhn. red.;
SINKIN, G.S., tekhn. red.
[Papers],S'bornik statei. Moskva, Izd-vo Akad. nauk SSSR. (Re-
zulltaty issledovanii po programme Mezhdunaroanogo geofiziche-
skogo goda). No.10. [Ionospheric studies]lonos-ferrWe issledo-
vaniia. 1962. 154 P. (MIRA 15:10)
1. Ak-ademiya nauk SSSR. Mezhduvedor-stvennyy geofizicheskiy ko-
ultet. V razdel progra7,W MGG. Ionosfera.
(Ionosphere)

45211
S/203/63/003/001/006/022
Ao61jA126
AUTHORS: Potapova, N. I., Shapiro, B. S.
TITLE: The 14(h) profiles of the ionosphere over Moscow during.the
magneto-ionosliheric disturbances in November 1960
PERIODICAL: Geomagnetizm i aeronomiya, v.' 3, no. 1,' 1963, 63 - 72
TEXT. The variations of the parameters of N(h) profiles over Moscow.
in the November 1960 disturbances are compared with the variations of
July 1959. The N(h) profiles were performed on'the "Strela" digital com-
puter using the integral method. The following' results are collected in
three bulky diagrams: 1) The variation of ionization with time at alti-
tude intervals of 20 km, and the variationg of ionizati-on maxima. 2) Va
riations of the altitudes for given N/Nm ratios (N denoting ionization,
Nkm the ionization maximum). 3) Deviations of the parameters fro 'm, a given
profile. The results are discussed to show that the keneral character of
the variations of ionization in middle latitudes during intense magnetor
ionospheric disturbances is about the same both in winter and in summer*
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~S~203/63/003/001/008/022
The.N(h) profiles of the ionq)s,phere .... rAq61/A126
There are 4 figures and 2 tablVs.
ASSOCIATION; Institut zemnogo magnetizma, ionosfer
.y i.rasprostraneniya
rddiovoln AN SSSR (Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism,
ionosphere and R4dio Wave Propagation AS USSR)''
SUBMIT TED July 28, 1962
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S/726/58/000/001/001/004
E032/E414
AUTHORS: Allpert, Ya.L., Chudesenko, E.F., Shapiro, B.S.
TITLE: Results of studies of the outer region of the
lonosphere based on observations of radio signals
from the first artificial earth satellite
SOURCE: Predvaritellnyy itogi nauchnykh issledovaniy s
pomoshchlyu pervykh sovetskikh iskusstvennykh sputnikov
Zemli i raket; sbornik statey. no.l. XI razdel programmy
MGG (rakety i sputniki). Moscow, Izd-vo AN SSSR. 40-52
TEXT: A method of measuring the electron density distribution in
the'lonosphere above its principal maximum is reported. The
method is based on the determination of the time corresponding to
the''Iradio rise" and'k-adio setting" of an artificial earth
satellite. It was found in practice that the radio rise and the
radio setting of the first Soviet satellite could be determined
to Y~iithin 5 to 6 sec. Orbital data were then used to determine
the-projected coordinates of the satellite on the earth's surface
at these two instants of time and the horizontal range of the
satellite. Next, specially prepared synoptic charts of the
Cara 1/4

S/726/58/000/001/001/004
Results of studies E032/E414
cri;tical frequencies and of the positions of the lower boundary
and the maximum of the F-region were used to determine these
paxiameters at points corresponding to 1,2,3 and 4 in Fig.4.
Theoretically computed ranges were then used to estimate the
parameter x in
N e-1-NN,,,exp H(Zc - zo
where NM is the electron density at the principal maximum,
N is the electron density above the maximum and zo is the height
of the lower boundary of the ionosphere. The quantity x was
regarded as a characteristic of the reduction in the electron
density above the density maximum of the ionosphere. In these
calculations the lower part of the ionosphere was assumed to have
a parabolic electron density variation. In the final analysis
experimental values of the maximum range of reception were
compared with theoretical results for different values of M
and hence the optimum value of this,quantity was chosen to yield the,
be9t agreement between the experimental and theoretical results.
The resulting values of x (or the possible values of x in the
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S/726/58/000/001/001/004
Results of atudies ... E032/2,10.4 -
case of an ambigumis situation) were then used to estimate the
variation in the elactron density above the principal maximum.
Analysis of the results of observations obtaincd for three days
was found to yield the following average valueq: position of the
lower boundary of the ionosphere - 200 Rim; position of the
1;rincipal maximum relativ*e to the lower boundary - 120 km;*
electron density variation
(') -3.5 x lo-3(z - 320)
N - Nme W (z Z~') = 1.8 x 10 a
The latter formula is said to hold in the region 320 to 600 kni
above the earth's surface. Extrapolation of these data to
to 3000 km shows that the electron density in this region
is-of the order of 200 to 300 c,11-3. Estimates of the neutral
particle concentration at these heights showed it to be of the
order of 1 cm-3. It is, therefore, suggested that the height of
the outer boundary of the iono_~phcre, i.e. the region'in which it
is in "contact" with the interstellar gas, is of the order of
2000 to 3000 km. There are 8 figures and I table.
Card 3/4 . ;

Results of studies ...
S/726/58/000/001/001/004
E032/Llij-4
Card 4/4

7
S/203./63/003/002/010/027
D207/D307
AUTHORS: Vinnikova, T.L.
T IT12 Prog,~mnting of calculations of the true heights of
the ionosphere on an electronic computer
P M-:,1IODIC.AL: Geomagnetizm i aeronomiya-, V. 3, no..2, 1-9637 269-
276
TJ-__"K'T: Investigations of the vertical distribution of the
onization with the height h in the ionosphere below the maximum of
the F2 layer require labor-consuming calculations. Electronic com-
puters are used to ease these calculations. A program of calcula-
tions of the true heights of the ionosphere, suitable for the Strela
computer, has beezi described by- B.S. Shapiro (Sbornik 'Issledovaniya
iono--fery' (Collection 'Investigations of.the ionosphere) no. 5,
Izd. AN SSSR, 1962, 121). The present paper gives the!formulas and...
C2
the program for the calculation and subsequent analysis of the true-,.
heights, suitable for the 63CM-2 (BESM-2) computer. . BM,1-2 deals:,
simultaneously with 16 h(f curves, where f is the frequency, with az,~..
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S/203/63/003/002/010/027-
Progrnmming of calculations ... D207/D307
maximi-im of 75 ordinates for each curve: in the case of Strela 8
curves are dealt i-rith (a mmcimum of 100 ordinates for each curve).
The average timme for dealint., with each h(f) curve by BES1.11-2 is about
15 sec, compared with 30 sec.in the case of Strela.
ASSOMMON: Institut zemno[~O magnetizma, ionosfery.i rasprostran-
eni 'ya radliovoln AN SSSR (Institute for Terre--trial
Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radiowave Propagation, AS
USSR)
Aust 14, 1962
SUBMIMVED: Au-
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