SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT SHULTS, M.M. - SHULTS, P.S.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001550210005-2
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 23, 2000
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

8h626
Some Problems of the Thermodynamics of S/076/60/034/010/003/022
Heterogeneous Multicomponent Systems, III. B015/BO64
The Relation Between the Changes of the
Chemical Potentials of the Components and the
Isothermal-isobaric Changes of the Phase
Composition
that in a change of the composition of ternary two-phase systems along the
isothermal-isobaric curxre of the phase equilibrium the chemical potential
then passes through a maximum when the molar ratio of the two other
components in the coexisting phases is equal. A simultaneous application of
equations (1) and (3) permits to establish the position and also the kind
(maximum or minimum) of the extremum. of the chemical potential. The authors
emphasize that only a joint analysis of the equilibrium conditions and the
stability conditions of heterogeneous systems permits to determine the
character of the changes of the chemical potentials along the total length
of the isothermal-isobaric curves of composition. If one of the coexisting
phases may be regarded as ideal the following holds:
(dx (2)~
> 0 (4) which means that the total molar ratio
dx- P,T,x
I - k/xl
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84626
Some Problems of the Thermodynamics of S/076/60/034/010/003/022
Heterogeneous Multicomponent Systems, III., B015/BO64
The Relation Between the Changes of the
Chemical Potentials of the Components and
the Isothermal-isobaric Changes of the
Phase Composition
of the respective component of the heterogeneous system and its molar ratio
in the ideal phase change in the same sense, For a system with an arbitrary
number of components the following holds:
(k) (k)*
C111. (dx~":'
0 if X X X
k x_ i_1 i+1 n-1
~d ~x P.T, ~O M
P~T X x x x
n n n rL
i_e, the chemical potential (the partial pressure of the i-th compon'ent of
the heterogeneous system) and its molar ratio changes in the studied k-th
phase in one and the same (in the opposite' direction if an addition of the
corresponding component to the heterogeneous system leads to an inicrease
(decrease) of its molar ratio in this phase, By solving the Gibbs-Duhem
equation for each of the coexisting phases
Card 4/7

Some Problems of the Thermodynamics of
Heterogeneous Multicomponent Systems.
III. The Relation Between the Changes of
the Chemical Potentials of the Componentf
and the Isothermal-isobaric Changes of
the Phase Composition
x 1)... XW
n n-i
d1i lxn 2 -
1 -2 -n-1
I dPno
(8)
X(I)X'
I" (r
T-1 -2 n(
1XI "'Xn(~L2xn
X(,)... X(r) X(r)
,,(I) I'dPn
n-2 n -i
x n('.)
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84626
S/07 60/034/010/003/022
Bol5yBo64
is obtained, so that from (8)
and the stability conditions one
obtains-equation (9) for the
conditions of an extremum. of the
ohemical otential of the i-th
P
component on the isothermal-
isobaric curves of hetero-
geneous systems, consisting of
n components and n-1 phases:
i -

8h626
Some Problems of the Thermodynamics of S/076/60/034/010/003/022
Heterogeneous Multicomponent Systems. B015/Bo64
III. The Relation Between the Changes of
the ChemicalPotentials of the Components
and the Isothermal-isobaric Changes of
the Phase Composition
X1 Xi-IX;i Xi+l--- Xn-1
[disilp.-r 10, conn . . . . . . . . . . . . .0. (9)
X X ixn
The practical impbrtance of equation (8) consists in the fact that from
the data on the composition of the coexisting phases and on the changes of
the chemical potential of one component only, it is possible to determine
the changes of the chemical potentials partial pressures and activities-
of-all other components of a system that is monovariant and heterogeneous
unaer isothermal-isobaric conditions. There are 3 figures and 15
referencess 14 Sovieit and 1 USo
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84626
Some Problems of the Thermodynamics of S/07 60/034/010/003/022
Heterogeneous Multicomponent Systems, B015YI3064
III. The Relation Between the Changes
of the Chemical Potentials of the
Components and the Isothermal-isobaric
Changes of the Phase Composition
ASSOCIATION: Leningradskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet im, A. A. Zhdanova
(Leningrad State University imeni A, A., Zhdanov)
SUBMITTED~ November 15, 1958
V\//
Card 7/7

S tk-) 06
_3 -riole56-Al205 be?ave like Li + electrodes at pH 3 - 12.
(4) This effect oL' Al..O decreases with increasing content of Li 0 in the
. - 3 2
.-lass; there-fore, higher Al 203 admixtures are necessary to obtain a Li+
function. The measured values were well reproduci'--le both w th rising
anr_ failing DH. The behaviur of lithiu,_~ alumino silicate electrodes
is explained by the formation of-lattice points with excessive negative
char--es during the introduction of trivalent aluminum in the silicate
lattice with the coorainat--on number 4; in these lattice points, the
hydroEen ions have no lon~-er a covalent but a: weaker bond. The follo--ving
'nolas + O._LIho-"a,+ + Ka,,+) - 0.50'109[1/(a aXa,+)+ +CX ya:4)~
C~ ~ - J1 H+ a- 2
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5/Oj4/62/000/003/007/010
Study 01' Lne electrode... B101/B166
Thert~ are 7 fi~;.~res and 1 table. The most important ~;nAliSh-lanzua-ge
reference i.-3: G. i:,. L. 0. Rudin, J. 14. Casby, Science, 126, 331,
191
S -IJ;-Ijv, ITT Eli JulY 7, 19061
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L-1 I Ii
'COI- x /008/01o
A Sh"! I t_~ Belyustin, A.
T 1, _-'lectrode T)ro:jerties of sodiuzi silicate glasses containing
a r._~:. , tr,,-3 um , o_r i nai um oxi a es
C Lenin~;raa. Universitet. Vestnik. -Szeriya fiziki i khi.-Ai,
no. 5, 1q,_:,2, 116 - 124
S "--'Lr ~~ nt, eff e c Ls of I'm7las s -f or:.,.in-" and ":-.iodify ing" o.~_ides or. mhe
: L~
:unction 11. = f(j-.q) have been studied for sodium. 3ilicate glasses with
22 Nal.0 and with difl"erent concentrations bf Al 205, Ga 03, JIn2- , or
2 S, U3
BaO, by :-_3E~rind the e.:.f of the element Ag!AgCl, 0.1 HCIJ-las
b"ffer :~oi_tion IacPjKCl solution, saturated, !Hg. The constant 'K
-, ! H32C12;
C, = 0 . 1 N or
sa
0 NaAl V
_olf' the equation (g + log(a H +Ka Na) and the value !C = K /K a were
_24 -,A!
Nz
dete~-t;dint_-d, whert A i~- the constant for sodli,-m al_~izinc silicate -lass,
an d K '.he constant for sodium silicatQ glass. Admixin.,:T, small. amounts
,of A12C,3 -ave the curve 2 - f(pq) a stepwise course due to different
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Oj4 162 3/008/C 1 G
Electrodc- pro-jertics of ... B101/B186
bl-in-_in-s o--' the hycroren icns to the SiO and A10 tetrahedrors of the
C, 4 4
Slase stracturE.. Al 203 acts as a ti-pical glass former. The range of the
Na+ function in the Z-vtz:rsus-~jH curve extends with rising A! 0 content.
0 2 3
Ga 0 also acts as glass former, but its modifying capacity beco=es
2 3 01 +
evid,~nt in shi.'Tin-- the transition from the H+ function to the Na function
towards pH. It is concluded that gallium enters the glass both as
Ga!V (glass formcr) and as Ga VI (modifier). In 2 03acts still less as
glass former and sho-..%s even more intensive uodifier action by a wide range
of the H+ function. kdmixture of BaO (Tilodifier) to Na-Al giaszes rduces
the effect of ~.he second -lass for,aer (Al 0 ), making 'he E'-versus-jil
2 3
'lar
c-rves s .;. To those for Na-In glasses. The-d4fference between glass
-Por-er and aaodifier can be seen from loa ;_4 =B, Al,
~L . ( = f ( _-2 -
Ga, ii., 3). A small X is characteristic of modifiers. Vh e r eare
4 fizures and 2 tables. The most -important English-langLage reference is:
G. _`:isv::..-.an, D. U. Rudin, J. M. Casby, Science, 120S, 631, 1957.
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'/034
/62/000/003/006/010
Zlectrucb-, properties of ... Blol/B186
Z U 3ITT E L November 27, 19061
Fie. 3. Log?( versus .1.11 okla 0 Na 0 - Al 0 SiO
1 2 L 2 r2 - 2 3 2'
Na 201 < 2 5 m. u 1 egO' ; ( 2Na 20 A1203 Sio 2' INa201>25 molej(~; (3)
-Na 0 - 3 0, - Sio (4) Na 0 - Ga-0 Sio ; (3)-Na 0 - In 0 Sio
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2'
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W.
i,j I
S/020/62/142/000'/017/019
3101/B144
An'11GRS Nikol'skiy, B. Corresponding Member AS USSR, isakova,
IT. F. , and qnul ts , m. I,,-_
TITLE: Composition of boron alumosilicate --lasses and its effect
upon their electrodic and acid properties
PERIODICAL: ~Ikaademiya nauk SSSIR. Doklady, v. 142, no. 6, 19062, 1331-1334
TEXT; The present paper vas read at the session of the OS Otdeleniya
khimicheski'~-h nauk AN SSSR (OS of the Department of Chemical Sciences of
t'e A.S USS-R) oil Miay 30, 1957. It concerns a new method of solving -lass
i1 I C, 1~
electrode problems and such related to hyalurgy in general. The electrode
Potential as a function of the PH o"' the electrolytic solution was mea3ured
or, silicate glasses with a content (riole0,0') of 0-16.3 of B 2 05) 0-2 of A120 3?
0
10-22.7 Of I~a20, and 0-6 .4 of CaO: i~' = L? +--blog(a.. + Ka~
',a.), where
2 .3RTIF; K - aH' NNa ' /a, is the exchange coefficient between Na+
a
and HT+ With increasin- PH, each -lass passed from the hydrogen function
Card 1

S/020 to-2/142/006)/Cl 7/019
Composition of boron alumosJlicaze ... -:"J-VI73I,44
0
(,o +,'J~lo- az,.) -Uo the sodium function: + ~jllogKa
INa* T 'N' a
This results in the relation: -logK log(a,./a A
Na'
de~o`endence of K on the ratio bet-vieen the strong acids and the sum of
stronC and weak acids in the glass was found. -logY is a unique function
of the molar part, a, of the stronug acids in the glass:
a = I 'I
I B 0 + Al 0 /FlIa O(ca) + CaO(~'O)] . The transition from the
L 2 3 2 5 j ~ 2
hydroL_-en to the sodium function occupies a wide zone of the diaGram in
glasses with a comparable content of strong and weak acids, and a narrow
one in Elasses -.-iith a prevailing content of either strong or weak acids
(Fi---. 3). There are 3 fi.a-ures, 1 table, and 8 references: 7 Soviet and
I non-Soviet. The reference to the English-lanjuaCe publication reads
as follows; B. Len6yel, E. Blum, Trans. Farad. Soc., 30, 461 (1934).
k'"SOCII31ON khimicheski.v institut Lenin-rads-
kojo gosudarstvenno-c-o universiteta im. A. A. Zhdw~nova
(Scientific Research Chemical Institute of the Lenin,~;rad
State University imeni A. A. Zhdanov)
SUBIMITTED: March 11, 1961
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NIKOLISKIY, B.P.; SHULITS, M.M.; BELYUSTIN, A.A.
Influence of the nature of the second glass-forming oxide on
the sodium and potassium electrode functions of silicate glase-es.
Dokl.AN SSSR 144 no.428"-848 Je '62. (MIRA 15:5)
1. Leningradskiy gosudarstvennyy universitat im. A.A.Zhdanova.
2. Chlen-korrespondent AN SSSR (for Nikollskiy).
(Electrodes, Glaae) (CIxides)

SHITLITS. M.M.; PESIEKHONOVA, N.V.; ROMANOVA, L.M.; ANDRIANOV, A.A.
Study of the electrode properties of lithium alun,:inosilicate
glasses. Vest. LGU 17 no.16:108--U5 162. (MIRA 15:9)
(Electrodes, Glass)

NITKOLISKITY, B.P.; SIJLvL?T~, M.N.
Some aspects of glass eiectroaq thaor7. 7.1hur. fiz. khir.. 30'
no.6t1327-113310 Je'62 (KIRP, 1740)
1. Leningradsk-iy g~-,sud,-Ir5rv,:~nnvy wn-*~Xersltlet.

card )/.? --.. -- --- ---
M~~

I ---- -- ---- --- -

TITLE:
PERIODICAL:
TEXT
Glasses containing 24, 27, pr:,30-'_mole% Li- 0 and an addition of T-
2
.
I
Ca
-0
ud curves
tting the
plo
MgO, or ~ BeO . were :at ied by
.20 mole% of BaO,
a P11. Results: BaO shifts the upp e H+ function
E versu er.limit of th
0-3 pH units into the,alkaline region. In some casest
range by 0.1
+
ion,
also the lower, limit of the B_ -function.~is shifted in positive direct
The exchange constant of Li _.'.Ba-glasres::Ls s6mekhzit lower than that of-.!.--..
0 f e
binary glass. CaO addition narr ws i.~e unction rang in-the
reasesJ
alkaline region, extends the transiti.on~.range by ,A pH unit, and inc
Card 113

S/054/63/004/001/012/022
Study of how alkaline earth oxides~ B101/B215
the exchange constant. MgO has the.same effect but much more intensivelyl:-.-%,:~~':_.
the shift in the upper limit of the e function caused by 15 mole% MgO*,,.,_t_,_,
at 27 mole-/.' Li 0 is 3.3 pH units, but that due to 15 mole% CaO ijr~_Mv
2
3 pH units at no more than 2,.5
unit. The shift caused by BeOis 2
mole%; at'15 - 20 mole/. BeO,"this shift in.d6id direction is 3-4 PH-
units. The-effect on the exchange constants increases-as follows:
BaO