SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT VINOGRADOV, G.V. - VINOGRADOV, G.V.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001859910017-0
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 1, 2001
• Sequence Number: 17
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

S/152/61/000/004/003/009
B126/B219
A'UTHORSs Vinogradov, G. V., Podol'skiy, Yu. Ya., Shepeleva, Ye. S.
TITLEs Examination of mineral oil additives as seizing protectors
for steel
PERIODICALt Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Neft' i gazt no. 4,
1961, 63-67 1
TEXTs In this article, a new method of determining the effect of
additives on seizing and welding through friction of metals is described.
This method is based on a continuous change in the sliding speed over a
wide range. The tests were carried out on a four-sphere device with
automatic recording of the friction coefficient. The speed variation of
the upper sphere from 0 to 19-5 o103 rpm was accomplished by a specially
constructed appliance. The spheres had 12.7 mm in diameter and were made
of UJX6 (ShKh6) steel hardened to 62 R 0; all the experiments were carried.
out at 200C. The naphthenic paraffin fraction of the oil MC-14 (MS-14)
was used as a base oil, with the following additivesi 1) 0.15 mole/l
dibenzyldisulfide, 2) 0.05 mole/l 1-trichloro-5-methylpentane, 3) 0.05molell
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22282
8/15 61/000/004/003/009
Examination of mineral ... B126YB219
dibutylester of methylphosphinic acid, 4) 0.05 mole/l tri-(trichloro-
ethyl) phosphite. With naphthenic paraffin in oil, seizing occurred at
a considerably higher speed and at low load; an increase of the load at
relatively low speeds initiated seizing. When dibenzy1disulfide was
addedg seizing occurred at sliding speeds that are between those at
which seizing is initiated and those at which repeated and very intense
seizing occurs with naphthenic paraffin oil. A trichloromethyl additive
had a slight effect at low load and became more efficient on increase of
the latter; the friction coefficient remained low up to the limiting
speed; a further increase in load reduced the effect of the additive.
The ester of methylphosphinic acid affects the seizing loads very much.
Organic phosphorus compounds are very efficient and have the ability of
modifying the friction surfaces; the addition of chlorine derivatives
considerably increases the already high critical values of these
additives. These results show that the new method facilitates the
examination of the efficiency of additives. There are 4 figures.
V I
ASSOCIATIONs Akademiya bronetankovykh voysk im. I. V. Stalina (Academy
of Armored Troops imeni I. V. Stalin)
SUBMITTEDt October 1, 1960
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69126
S/065/61/000/003/001/004
1. C1 4, 0 0is E194/E284
AUTHORS: Arkharova, V. V. and Petrov, A.A.
TITLE: The Anti-Wear anaAnti-Frictional Properties of
Hydrocarbons (0
PERIODICAL: Khimiya i tekhnologiya topliv i masel, 1961 No. 3~
pp. 48-54 'A
TEXT: Four-ball machine friction and wear tests were made
on the following hydrocarbons and mixtures of them: Tetracosane;
7-hexylootadecane; 1.5-dicyclohexyl-3-heptylpentane; 1.5-diphenyl-
3-heptylpentane; 1.1-diphenyldodecene-1; 1.1-diphen,71dodecane;
cyclohexyltetralin and dicyclohexyldecalin. The balls were 0.5"
diameter of ball-bearing chrome-steel hardened to 62 Re. Atmos-
pheres of argon, air and oxygen were used in the tests. All the
tests were carried out for one minute at a sliding speed of
23 cm/sec, in the tests with argon and oxygen the gas was blown
through at a rate of 12 litres per hour at a temperature of
100 1 10C, After each test the load was increased and the balls
were rotated to present a fresh wear-surface but the lubricant
was not changed. Tests were made below, at and well-above the
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89126
S/065/61/000/003/001/004
E194/E284
The Anti-Wear and Anti-Frictional Properties of Hydrocarbons
seizure load. The results are presented in the form of log/log
graphs of wear against load, wear being assessed by diameter of
wear-sear. The tests in argon atmosphere display considerable
variation in seizure load and shape of wear curve. In general,
however, in argon the seizure loads are low and the wear is small
at loads below the seizure loads. The seizure is easily broken
down. The test results of hydrocarbons in argon are similar to
those observed for low-sulphur lubricating oils. The behaviour
observed is attributed to the presence of traces of oxygen or
oxygen compounds in the hydrocarbon that are capable of replacing
the oxide films on freshly worn metal surfaces provided that these
are not produced too rapidly. When argon is replaced by air the
seizure load rises because both metal and hydrocarbons are more
easily oxidized. In an oxygen atmosphere the seizure loads are
still higher and the wear curves rise smoothly. These smoothly
rising wear curves are most typical of the easily oxidized and
relatively low viscous hydrocarbons such as cyclohexyltetralin.
The more viscous and less readily oxidized hydrocarbons often have
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8912
S/065 61/000/003/001/004
E194/E284
The Anti-Wear and Anti-Frictional Properties of Hydrocarbons
a step in the wear curve, presumably because as the viscosity
increases access of oxygen is hindered. However, in an oxygen
atmosphere the graphs of wear-sear diameter against load lie
within a very narrow band for a wide range of hydrocarbons
including not only those tested but many others besides. At loads
below the seizure load the wear is often heavier in oxygen thar. in
air or in argon and this is attributed to oxidation of the steel
during friction. Combined oxidation of steel and hydrocarbon
under heavy friction conditions occurs during the exposure of
fresh metal surfaces in the presence of frictional heat. The
conditions are quite different from those in normal oxidation
tests. The results show that molecular oxygen and organic sulphur
compounds which react with steel act as anti-seizure additives
and as substances which increase the chemical wear of the steel,
thus behaving like extreme pressure additives. The separate and
combined influences of dibenzy1disulphide and oxygen as extieme
pressure additives are described. The main conclusions of the
article are that the anti-friction and anti-wear properties of a
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89126
S/065/61/000/003/001/004
E194/E284
The Anti-Wear and Anti-Frictional Properties of Hydrocarbons
large number of hydrocarbons are very similar in an oxygen atmos-
phere. Friction and wear tests with steel balls and hydrocarbon
lubricants take place in the presence of oxidizing substances
which can have an important anti-seizure effect comparable with
that of sulphur-containing extreme-pressure additives. It is
claimed that individual high molecular weight hydrocarbons can be
used as model substances for the study of anti-wear and anti-
friction properties of low sulphur lubricating oils. There are
7 figures, 1 table and 6 Soviet references.
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5-o0
28937 3/063/61/006/004/004/010
A057/A129
Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Belkin, 1. M.,
AUTHORS- _jLr~o~Fa~~v 0
KonyukF, 1. V.
TITLE- Method for studying rheological (viscous) properties of polymer
solutions and melts
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal vsesoyuzetogo khimicheakogo obshohe3tva Imeni D. 1. Mendele-
.yeva, v. 6. no. 4, 1961, 417-421
TEXT- A short review of methods for studying rhoological :properties of
polymers by investigating viscosity oharaoterlation of solutions or melts is
given in the present paper. After discussing principal aspects for these
methods, capillary and rotational viscosimetry is described. Some niw testing
methods and devices developed in the Institut neftekhimich*akogo sinteza AN SSSR
(Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis of the Academy of Sciences USSR) are also
presented. Viscosity is expressed by Newton's equation as % - ~ D (1)
( t - shear stress, D rate gra4lent). Rhoological characteristics of fluid
systems were determined by the form of the fluidity curve T w f (D) and the
values of the parameters. In nou-Newtonian liquids 11 depends on D and T , thus
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28937 S/063/61/006/004/004/010
Method for studying rheological A057/A129
by determining the latter the viscosity can be estimated by means of absolute
viscosimeters. Two types of visoosimeters were generally used, viz., capillary
and rotational viscosimeters. The latter are especially convenient for reat
D values. Capil ary viscosimeters operate in the range of D w 10-2 _ log spc,
and T - 10 - 10 dyne/cm2. To avoid "outlet effects", devices with two
capillaries of different length but equal diameter were used. Constant pressure
Is secured by a weight pressing on a piston which floats on thepAymer syst,~m.
Compressed gas or extruders can also be used to effect the pressure. In the
Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis a load-type mioroviacosimeter (Fig. 1) is
used for polymer melts, a gas viscosimeter with constant pressure for melts and
concentrated solutions of polymers, and a spring viscosimeter with variable
consumption and pressure for solutions CAKS-2m (AW-2a) type] and melts
[AKS-5 (AKV-5) type]. A device Identical to the visoosimeter in Fig. 1 was
developed by 1. A. Marakhonov in the NIIPPlastmass (Lertingrad). Small amounts
of the polymer can be investigated in this m1crov1scosimeter. The gas capillary
viscosimeter contains several cylindrical removable reservoirs of different
volume with floating pist6ns, The latter are connected to the manometric panel
at one end, and at the other to the pressure regulator, manostate and cylinder
with inert gas at 150 atm pressure. Also a set of calibrated cylindrical
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28937
3/063/61/006/004/004/010
Method for istudyirg rMo~ogioaj ... A057/A129
capillaries of different le"gth and diameter in used with the vigoosimeter. All
the three types Of viscOBIMOUM Mentioned can be used up to 350 C. Rotational
viscoulmeters can be used in this determination of relaxation and elastic charac-
teristics of polymer systems for studying the Weinsenborg effect or the estima-
thn of the transitions om elastic deformations to fluldity. On these devices
the intervals of D - 10.1 to jo5 zoo and T - 10-4 to 101 dyne/=2 can be measured.
Generally devices with coaxial cylinders were used. Many modern rotational
viscosimeters have electronic mechanisms for registration and regulation or
programmed changes of D. A viscosimeter of the cone-plane type (Fig. 2) was
developed in the Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis for investigations of
concentrated solutions or malts of solymors in Inert gas atmosphere or high
vacuum at temperatures of up to 300 C. Ono friction surface is the bottom of
the rotating ouP 4 and the other the plans of the cone 3. The rotation of the
latter, effected by the polymer 5, Is controlled by tonsiometrio or inductive
gages. By means of a servo mechanism (which controls the hydraulic drive 10)
chapgos in the rate of rotation of the cup 4 can be programed. By a quick stop
of the latter the relaxation of stresses can be0determined. Some typical curves
obtained with high-pressure polyethylene at 220 C are shown In Fig. 3. Curves
OAB demonstrate the dependence of the shear stress on deformation (diagrams 1-4;
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28937 P/063/61/006/004/004/010
Method for studying rhoologlaal A057/A12q
deformation rates 0.75, 2.1, 2.8 and 21-soo- respectively). Curves BC show
the process of shear stress relaxation at a momentary stop of deformation in
points B. On the flow curve (lift upper 'comer In Fig. 3) the points 1-4 are
shown corresponding to the stop on the"strese-deformation" curves Investiga-
tions of concentraod polymer solutions at temperatures below 100 6 - 120 OC are
carried out by the present authors on viscosimeters with coaxial cylinders of
the type I.BP-1 (FVR-1) describod bi V. P. Pavlov (Ref. 21: Trudy tret~ey Vses.
konf. po kolloidnoy khlpll (Transactions of the third All-Union conference on
colloid chemistry), Izd. AN SM. N., 1956, p. 144], and Yu. P. Deynega V. P.
Pavlov and 0. V. Vinogradov [Ref. 44: Zav. lab., 26, no. 3, 353 (19601. There
are 3 figures and 45 referenoes: 13 Soviet-bloc and 32 non-Soviet-bloc.
ASSOCIATIONt (Abstrawter's not9a apparently the Institute of PetrochemInal
Synthesis Is the authorls Institute.]
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24750
S/191J'61/000/007/jc8/010
&0 B1O1/B215
AUTHORS: Kut1kov, A. A., Vinoe~radov, G,-Y.-
TITLE: Lubricant layers on the surface of plastics
PERIODICAL: Ple.sticheskiye masay, -in. 7, 1961, 38-41
TEAT: Based on the use of polyamide resins, such as polycaprol-antam
(caprone), anide (nylon), polyamide 6f.3, AIK-7 (AK-7), ~54- 548 and poly-
urethane ITY-1 (PU-1) In slide bearings, th,: pre2ent I;a-)er deals %ith the
following problems: 1) proof of the crient-eiticr, of oil molecules of
polar activity on the surface of the polymer through electron diffraction
studies. 2) Examination of the causes of molecular disorientation on the
surface of the polymer. 3) Determination of the carrying capacity of the
lubricant layer on the polymer surface. The orientation of the lubricant
layer on the surface was proved by the IM-,3 (EM-3) electron microscope.
Conolymer 60-40 and polycaprolactam were used for the study. Commeroial
oii 20 (spindle oil 3), and commernial oil 45 (ma,,,hine oil C (S)) were
used an lubricants. The oils contained 0.5 ~j of clelc acid The electron
diffraction pictures were taken at 30-400C. Polymer films were obtained
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24750
5/19 61/000/007/008/'010
Lubricant layers on the surface B101,XV21c
by the following method: Copolym,-r 6C-40 wai lissGIved in methanol, and
a drop wa.9 p-ut npon the surface of -Nat..-. The thaln film ':hus fcrZed 'r-as
separated from. the water b,.., a sieve and' thon applied to the sample accorl
ing to the method described by Z. G. Pinoker (Ref, 1: Diffraktsiya
elektronov (Diffraction of Electrons), izd. AS SSSR, 1949). Exposure
in the electron microscooe at 30-400C aho4ed a crystalline struiture with-
out point reflexes for the polymer film -Nithout cil Myer. Polymer filM3
with oil layers showed point reflexes whi.,h proved the orientation of thq
molecules in the boundary layer. The internlapar spacing d for the
electron diffraction patterns was calculated from the equation rd- L4.
It proved to be in agreement with the data of Ref. 1~ A 15-day storage
of the sample in a chamber free from dust showed that the point reflexes
did not disappear, i.e., the lubricant was not absorbed by the resin.
The point reflexes disappeared on heating and disorientation set in. At
30-400C the electron diffraction -)attern: corresponded to -a crystalline
substance, and at 900C it changed into that of an amorphous substance.
The critical temperature at which disorientation sets in was found to
correspond to the yield point of the polymer concerned. The carrying
capacity was determined by A. A. Kuttkov's method (Izmeritellnaya
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2,'j750
S/19 61/000/007/008/010
Lubricant layers on the' surface... t101 215

I ekhnika LO 0 11 (1959)). Results are shoin in Fig. 4. G. I. Puke and
R. M. Matvevevskiy are mentioned. There are 4 figures and 23 references:
20.Soviet-bloo and 3 non-Soviet-bloo.

-Pig- 41 Carrying.capac~ty
:
-
,-
of lubrkoant layers on the

surface of polycaprolactam. q x
X11
I

Legend: 1) Commercial -
oil 45 (machine oil 3); 4 H
A
i
i1 20
l
2)
commerc
a
o
(spindle oil j); a) carrying p x
capacity P, k0/om2j b) film o
tLicknese h, V.

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.. I w. DEYNWA, Yu.F.; DUMANSKIY, A.V.; -jINQ-GRADQV,,Q.V.,_
I. . Electrization and rhoological properties of nonaqueous plastic
disperse systems. Koll. zhur. 23 no.lt25-30 Ja-F 161.
(MIRA 17:2)
1. Institut obahchey i neorganicheskoy khimii AN UkrSSR, Kiyev.

I.qJ000 S/032/61/027/001/030/037
B017/BO54
AUTHORS: Bezborodlko, H. D., Shabarov, L. I., Podol'skiy, Yu. Ya.,
and Vinogradov, G. V.
-;or Testing the Wear Resistance and Antifriction
TITLE: Device
Properties of Plastic Materials
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya laboratoriya, 1961, Vol. 27, No. 1, Pp. 104-106
TEXT: A device was developed for testing the wear resistance and anti-
friction properties of plastic materials. The plastic material is applied
to one of the end surfaces of a thin-walled cylindrical tube, and its
friction is determined with a metal surface. The moment of friction is
determined tensometrically. The resistance of caprone and Fluoroplast-4
to wear by 40X (40Kh) steel was established by determining the friction
coefficients. Results showed that the friction coefficients Increased with
time, then slowly dropped, and finally remained constant. This course of
change can be explained by an increase in temperature of the contact
surfaces. There are 3 figures and 3 Soviet references.
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VINOGRADOV2 G.V.
The basic problems of theory and testing methods in the study
of polymer rheology.
Report presented at the 13th Conference on high-molecular compounds
Noscow., 8-11 Oct 62

.76-76
s/179/62/000/002/008/012
A 4'") CIO E194/E435
AUTHORS: Bezborodlko, M.D., Vjna~ ~Moscov)
TITLE: Friction and wear of steel in the presence of atetallic
and copper sulphide powders
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Izvestiya, Otdoleniye
tekhnicheskikh nauk. Mekhanika i mashinostroyeniye,
no.2, 1962, 75-83
TEXT: The results are described of 4-ball machine tests carried
out with a) dry powders of copper, nickel, iron, tin (as used in
cermet manufacture), aluminium and brass; b) the powders in the
form of pastes or suspensions in two different mineral oils and
in glycerine; c) iron powder modified on the surface by
phosphiding and sulphiding. At very high contact loads powders
of copper, copper sulphide and some other metals have very good
anti-wear properties and greatly improve the anti-wcar properties
of mineral oils. The presence-of a.l:Lquid lubricating medium
loifers the very high friction of powders. Suspensions of
phosphided and sulphide& iron powder in oils behave similarly to
the usual organic phosphorus and sulphur additives in lubricants-4
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S/179/62/000/002/008/012
Friction and wear E194/E435
Lubricants which actively promote surfacereactigns with metal
greatly reduce the friction and wear of hardened steels in the
presence of metallic powders such as those.of nickel and iron.
An important function of the lubricant is to modify the wear
products (metal particles) adtbat not only are friction and wear of
hardened steel in their presence greatly reduced but also that the
wear products themselves become able to act asmanti-scuffing
additives in the oils. The experimental data presented is of
interest in connection with friction and wear of cermets,
combinations of lubricants and certain metal powders, and the
interaction between lubricant and.wear products. There are
9 figures.
SUBMITTED: March 16, 1961
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S/683/62/000/000/008/020,-
AUTHORSt pe.zboroctl-kot M.D., V-Ln2Xr v
-Ad
Podollskiyq , Yu,'. Yn. and Shabaro.v,
T ITLE Your "b a I I friction machitio-s and mo4if icati,oiis -of -theri.
f 6r, :..siudylng theanti-frictlonal propiortles and wear
resistance, of- plastic&
SOURCE-: '...1jet6dy ispytaniya na iznaxhivaniye, trudy.sovesh.chahiyaj
so*'toyav'she86sya 7-10 dek. 196n. 'Kdi,~ by
M., Khrushchov. Ploscow. 1zd-V* AN SSSR -.1962. 81-88-
TEXr. Plastic-parts are now being #jxtensively "Sea usioer
.conditions of' sliding with a wide range of. lon.ds.and speeds. flivy
differ fro'm meials.inthat their thc-rmal, co'nduttiv.ity in low, in.
t1iikt*-.they 't end: to: be, of' unif orm t riAc ture thiotig.hout.,, and In ~that
lubricant .additIves.,inny not act on thein in the lame way as they do
on M,Ptals~' The Aliding properties of plastica 'Ahould.be studi4d on
various matiiriiils,'~ an-d with varioun kindie ol"'lubricatIon Four-ball
machines can be used, or fixturc-,; adapted for testIng t~6 hollow
cYlindrir,a1,*peciipens'in edl:~e contact which cAti. be' fitted *ither in
a four-ball *machine -or in a norma I drilling MaOiine- A detailod,
Card

Four-balX fri~ii' S/083/62/000/000/Oob/020
on, machines and
description*, is.41~ren'of the fixture for wak-ing, friction toots
bet:ween 4wo- hollow."ey'lindern. The test specimen .b4iing insulated
4rom th mach'ine'.. sha.ft and from the rrame, it is'~'
q possible to atudr
el,&Ctr4al effects in friction* or the influene-w--of electric etkrront-
on'triction between" plastic and metal. The. frictional torque is
measured by a strain -gauge arrangement. In- tooting$ 'it is, important
t
-hsure'that the;~Iquality of surface finish and contacting of the'
ot0
's"cimens throughout the surface is uniform.,.Surfaes-finish.is
ex"iined with: a binocular microscope and plastic specimens way be
..polished by running-in against a lul3ricated metal spt~cimon. Vith
~the equipment-doo'cribed it was poosible to test thermoplastic and
thermosetting~materials, including reinforced -plastics at specific
1:,,`pjnps sures -in thig''izange 2.5 to 300 kg/cm2 for flat .sp*cimonz and 'up.
-12
%to,8000 kg'
/cm in "the case of plastic balls- at sliding speeds.
1, 20 m/sec. The frictio"l 'aystoms could bo
:4*~Tlging frowo '.-j0
operated At:-temperatures up to 20o *C by circulating a hoat-tr no -folk
midium. Test -results obtained with variou's combinations of pl:at*44
M~tals and. ldbri~anto are described and it is- shown that the antl-~
-on
fiictiona'f,tr6perties' and wear-resistnnce of plastics sliding
als,*.,~depe.n4~-very:'Sreatlv on the nature of the lubricant.
t
Cltrd'2/2, .~,:There are 6 figures.

S/883/62/000/000/015/020
E194/E155
AUTHORS: Y_1na_Kradovt__%Y,, Podollakly, Yu.Ya., and
Bezborodlko, H.D.
TITLE: The use of point-contact friction machines to assess
wear of metals and the wear- and friction-reducing
properties of lubricants
SOURCE: Metody ispytaniya na J.znashivaniye; trvidy,moveshchaniya,
sostoyavshegosya 7-10 dek. 196o. Ed. by - I
M.M. Khrushchov. Moscow. 'Czd-vo AN SS-5R. 1962. 152-163
TEXT: lJoint-contact friction ittacnines sucii as,four-lAaii, two-
'-ball and two-cylinder types are useful for fundamental work on
friction and wear, besides their more usual practical applications,
Accordingly, the Institut neftukhinticheskogo sinteza (Institute of
Petrochemical Synthesis) has developed an integrated series of
such machines and this article reviews their published descrip-
tions and the principal results which have been obtained with them,
Machine MT -5 WT-5) is a two-ball machine; the rest can use
either four balls or two cylinders. Machine MT-2 is used at medium
speeds and moderately high temperatures. The upper frictional
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The use of point-contact friction ... S/883/62/000/000/015/020
E194/E155
element is driven at speeds in the range 50 - 1200 r.p.m. by a
hydraulic motor, and loads up to 500 kg are applied hydraulically
to the lower elements. The frictional elements can be thermo-
statted or operate 'd in a controlled atmosphere. Machine MT-3 is
used for high speeds (up to 20 000 r.p.m.). A lever loading
device is used at low speeds because of its sensiti,%~ity, and
hydraulic loading at higher speeds to overcome vibration
difficulties in the lever system. Lubricant can be'circulated
during test. Machine MT-4 is used for tests in vacuo or in
atmospheres of special gases in the speed range up to 3000 r.p.m.
with temperatures up to 500 *C. The brake is in the vacuum
-chamber and torque is measured by strain gauges. Two-ball machine
Mr-5 in which both balls can be driven, the lower one at a low
speed, is used when it is required to produce sufficient wear
material for analysis. It offers a wide range of sliding speeds
which is useful in studies of cold wgt1ding and other methods of
working materials under pressure. Vacuum and special gas
atmospheres are also possible with machine MT-6, which differs
from MT-4 in that very low sliding speeds and higher temperatures
can,be useda, The test temperature can be varied during the test
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s/883/62/000/0,00/013/020
The use of poiht-contact.friction.., E194/E155
according to a pro-set programme. The following conclusions have
been drawn 'from published work carried out in this ser*iea of
machines. Under-severe conditions the lubricating properties of
refined naphthenic oils depend mainly on viscosity, The presence
of oxygen or oxidation products greatly improves performance under
boundary lubricationicanditions and can help to prevent seizure,
An important functioA of lubricants is to deliver oxidants to the
friction zone, and this is why seizure may be more catastrophic
in oil bathe than with thin film lubrication. Studies have been
made of the.modes of action and limitations of sulphur-, chlorine-
and phosphorus-containing additives, of changes in the metal
surfacest of the effect of additives in modifying wear debris# and
of'the effect of soft and hard particles suspended-in the oil.
Studies have been made of various salts as lubricants.
The mechanism of abrasive wear has been studied.,
There are 5 figures and I table.
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-, A .-J, -, -
S/11_~f[62/000/005/01 0/012
Bi 1 O/Bi 01
AUTHORS: Bezborodlko, Y1. D., Vinogradov, G. V#!. Shabarov, Lo I.
TITLE: Friction and wear of plastics'.at high contact.pressures
PERIODICAL: Plasticheakiye massy, no- 5, 1962, 53-57
TEXT: Friction was studied at point contact of 19-05 imn diameter balls
.k ~2) glass plastic Ar -4 (AG-4)
made from: (1) phenol-formaldehyde resin,
on the basis of phenol-formaldehyde resin - 60)~fl glass fiber of 5-7 A
diameter), (3) phenol-formaldehyde resin with - 60/7 sulfite cellulose,
(4) metal balls from WX-6 (ShY.*t-6) steel with 62 Rc hardness. Under
5-100 kg loads the -following lubricants were uved: (1) tlie nonpolar
naphthene paraffin frac-zion of HHTI-MC-20 (UPF-1,IS-20) oil, both pure and
with 4, by weight admixtures of tributyl phosphite and "khloref 40";
(2) castor oil and nolten stearic acid; (3) cumene; (4) water and aqueous
solutions of hi&h heat capacity and thermal conductivity, (5) glycols and
multivalent alcohols. The minimum load giving rise to irreversible
deformations, served as a criterion for 'Lubricant efficiency. Only a
slight effect of the lubricants was found for the pair plaBtic-plastic.
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S/,191/62/000/005/010/012
Friction and wear of plasties.at B11b[B101
For the pair steel-plastic, intensive wear and surface destruction were
observed when using the following lubricants: water; aqueous 5~ solution
of t,artaric acid, citric acid, pentaerithrite, trimethylol ethane; phenol
me,lt,and alcoholic solution of formaldehyde resin. Corrugation of the
.-6moo'th' surface was found for lubricant L~MA~N,4-2101 (TaIATIM-201)0
!HTr4,_MC-20 (Npf MS-20), Npf MS-20 + 2~~" kh1oref 40, Xpf MS-20 + 2% tributyl
phosphite, castor oil, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and glycerin.
Hole glycerin proved best, since the diameter of the depyession did not
increase and the surface of the plastic balls remained smooth over the
total load range, even for 5-06 hr. The anti-wear and anti-friction
properties of glycerin for the pair steel-plastic may be ascribed to
modification of the steel surface (regeneration of the oxide layers and
formation of ferrous glyceratea). There are 6 figures and 1 table.
Card 2/2

BEZBCROD KO, M.D.; YIN
q1!~C!~aL,,Vq_KRIVCSHEIN, G.S.j MAN GO-LIN'
[Liang Kuo-linj; PGUOLISKIY, YuJa.
Investigating uear-preventing properties of lubricants under
rolling-friction conditions. Tren.i immash. no.15:420-431 162.
(Lubrication and lubricants-Testing) (MIR& 15:4)

VINOGP,ADM,, G.VO; LUN G06-LINI LLiang Ku+jj PAVLOVSKAYA, N.T.
Wear preventing and antifriction properties of lubricating,oils
under heavy friction colkUtions. Trenai iansmaah. no 15:432-477
162. (Lubrication and lubricants-Testing) iHIU 15W

5/069/62/024/006/002/009
B101/B180
AUTTIORS: Deynegas Yu. F-#_KinqgradoY, G. V., Lobastovat A. V.
TITLE: Temperuture and frequency dependences of the dielectric
parameters of non-aqueous plastic disperse systems
PERIODICAL: Kolloidnyy zhurnalv v6 24, no. 6# 1962, 659-666
TEXT: The and tantrwere measured on sodiu'm castorato ("Konstalin"),
calcium soap ("Solidol"), and lithium stearate (201 greases) at various
temperatures and frequencies f. Fixed oriented structures were obtained
by sudden~,r stopping the viscosimeter rotor. *In the case of "Konstalin",
C and tanV were independent of f below 50 kc/aec ' but 6 f
a ta:Yls when
f~ 50 kc/see and also as the deformation rate rise 0 reaches a
maximum at log f -6. The effect of f on tend' diminishes and E drops, wish
increasing particle orientation. Rising temperature shifts '-Min and tanU max
to higher frequencies. S rises between 20 to 80 0C and drops a little at
980C. The temperature coeff 'icient of tandris positive at low and negative
at high frequencies. The frequency dependence of E is not strong for
Card 1/3

5/069/62/024/006/002/009
j Temperature and frequency dependences B101/B180
"Solidol", and increases only by 10% when temperature is raised from 20
to 6o0C. For grease 201, 6 was independent of frequency between 20 and 80 0C.
The dielectric constant of "Solidol" fell with increasing Particle
orientation, but there was no orientation effect with grease 201.
Conclusions: The effect of orientation on the dielectric prope!rties can be
studied with solidified oriented structures of a disperse phase containing
Anisodiametr-ic particles. In the case of non-aqueous systems containing
a hydrophilic disperse phase, 6 and tandrare strongly dependent on f in the
fudi9frequency,:range. This is attributed to electrical polarization due to
interfacial ion transfer, i. e., along the particle surfaces of the
disperse phase. The relaxation time, which was found to be of the order of
10-T sec, is the most important quantitative characteristic of surface
polarization. Non-aqueous systems in which electrokinetic effects are
produced by an interfacial double layer, display surface polarization and
varying dielectric characteristics. The intensity of surface polarization
and its effect on L and tand'are dependent on the orientation of particles
in the disperse phase. Polarization diminishes as the angle between the
'E' '
Card 2/3

s/o69j62/024/006/002/009
Temperature and frequency dependences B1O1/B180
preferred direction of the principal axes of the disperse particles and
that of the electric field increases. Within the low-frequency range
taW increases with rising temperature as a result of higher bulk
conductivity. There are 4 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Institut obshchey i-neorganicheekoy khimii AN USSR# Kiyev
(Institute of General and Ingrganic Chemistry of the
AS UkrSSHt Kiyev)
SUBMITTED: September 28, 1962
card 3/3

s/o69j62/024/006/003/009
BIOI/B180
AUTHORS: Deynega, Yu. F.t VinogKy,,~ovj G.
TITLE: Effect of an electric fteld on the rheological properties
of non-aqueous plastic disperse systems
PERIODICAL: Kolloidnyy zhurnal,'v. 24, no. 6p 1962# 667-673
TEXT: Mineral oil thickened with 20.6% sodium castorate was subjected to
a voltage of *100 v in a rotary viscosimeter in which its stationary outer
cylinder and rotating inner cylinder acted as capacitor plates. Shear
stress T, was measured and plotted versus time' t. or dropped sharply when
voltage was applied, due to electrokinetic effects. Under the influence
of the electric field a wall layer enriched with the dispersion medium iq
formed on outer cylinder. Serrated T--versus-t curves were obtained by
alternating the potential of the rotor during deformation. This was due
to the passage of the dispersion medium through the lubricant, leading
gradually to uniformity, when T approached a steady value after several
cycles, Conclusions: In plastic lubricants there are double electric
layers at the interface between the hydrophilic disperse phase and the
Card 1/2

V S/069/62/024/006/003/009
Effect of an electric field on the ... BIOI/B180
non-polar dispersion medium. The phase transport caused by the electric
field entails reversible or irreversible structural changes, depending
on conditions. Phase transport in an electric field can be used to
change the concentration of the dieperBS phase on solid surfaces and to
adjust the wall slip. Simultaneous deformation and phase transport may
give rise to the repeated structuralization and destructuralization of
the plastic system. There are 3 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Institut obshchey i neorganicheakoy'khimii AN USSR, Kiyev
(Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the
AS UkrSSR, Kiyev)
SUBMITTED: September 26, 1961
Card 2/2

AUTHORS:
TITLE:
PERIODICAL:
5/020J62/143/004/021/027
B101/B138
Deynega, Yu. F., and Vi-nogradov.-G. V.
Effect of strong electric fields on the structure of non-
aqueous plastic disperse systems
Akademiya nauk SSSR. Doklady, v. 143, no. 4, t962, 898-901
TEXT: Because electrokinetic effects have been observed with non-aqueous
pseudogels of soaps, it is thought that double electric layers and diffuse
layers may exist on the interfaces of such systems. This structure sensiti-
vity to the effect of electric fields was examined by a polarization-optical
method. Some "Solidol" (mineral oil thickened with calcium soap) was put
between two glass plates, on the outer surfaces of which aluminum foils
were attached.ae electrodes. The electrode spacing was 0.6 mm, and a d.c.
field with-a gradient of 15 kv/cm was applied. An oriented structure was
created by spreading the lubricant perpendicular to the electric field. It
was found that (1) the dispersion medium (mineral oil) migrates toward the
cathode; (2) the dispersion medium exhibits no birefringencel(3) the
atructural framework is pressed against the anode causingo besides cata-
Card 1/3

S102 62/143/004/021/027
Effect of strong electric fields... BIOIYB138
phorj:i:;,etrong interaction between the anode and negatively charged
part 1 (4) the opposite occurs with pole reverealt which can be re-
peated any number of times; (5) if the direction of the hardened structure
coincides with that of the electric field, the migration,effects are less
intense. Konstalin (spindle oil, thickened with 20.6% sodium castorat
was used to study the successive destruction and thixotropic restorati
the structure under-am, dw trio field in the pla6toviaoometer, rotor and body
~of which were the electrodes; potential diffqrence was 100 vt and speed
was 96 rpm. 'When a negative potential was applied to the rotor, the readi-
ly deforming mineral oil collected around it, and the shear stress dropped
to some fractions of the initial value. Here as well, the effect could be
repeated by pole reversalo When the potential was switched off, ihear
stress returned rapidly to its initial value. Thust by varying the
resistance of a system to deformation, it is poesiblQ to increase or reduce
its surface slip. There are 2 figures.
Card 2/3

S/020J62/143/004/021/027
Effect of strong electric fields... BIOI/B138
ASSOCIATION: Institut obahchey i neo'rganichookoy khizii Akademii nauk USSR
(Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy
of Sciences UkrSSR)
PRESENTED: September 23, 1961, by V. A. Karginp Academician
SUBMITTED: September 19, 1961
Card 3/3

VINOOPADOV., GeorgLy Vladimirovich
"Anti-vear and anti-friction properties of mineral oils and other lubricants"
report to be submitted for the 6th World Petroleum Congress,
Frankfurt am Main, W. Germany, 19-26 Jun 63.

r%AVI
VINOGRADOV G.V. KONSTANTINOV, A.A.; PAKSHVFR, F.A.; FROWVA, A.F.
44~~~
Study of viscose viscosity. nlm.volok. no.103-38 163.
(fEFA 16;2)
1. Institut neftekhimichaskogo sinteza AN SSSR (for V:~nogradov,,
Konstantinov). 2. Veesoyuznyy nauchno-iseledovateliskiy
institut steklyanogo volokna (for Pakshver). 3. Kalininskiy
kombinat iskusstvennogo volokna (for Frolova).
(Viscose) .(Voscosity)

I
FAKSHVER, E.A.; VINOGRADOV., G.V.; XONSTANTINOV, A.!.-, FROLOVA, A.F.
Varying viscosity of viscose during-the process of ripening
prior to formation. Xhim.volok. no+3"l 163. (KIM l6s2)
1. Voesoyuznyy nauchno-isoledovatellskiy institut ateklyanago
volokna (for Pakshver). 2. Institut neftakhimicheakogo sinteza
AN SSSR (for Vinogradovo Konstantinov). 3. Kalininsidy
kombinat iakusstvennogo volokna (for Frolova).
(viscose) (Viscosumetry)

PAKSHVERY E.A.;
Evaluating the polydispersity of viscose by its viscosity. Khim.-
volok. no.2s25-29 163. (MIRA 16-5)
1 4Vaesoyuznyy nauchno-~issladovatellskiy institut staklyanogo
volokna (for Pakshver). 2. Vessoyuznyy nauchno-loaledovatel'akly
inatitut'neftesintezm:AN SSSR,,(-for Vinogradov).
(ViBa~se) (Viecosity)

GLUKHOV Ye.Ye.; YINOGRADOVY G.V.; KLAZ, S.I.
J,
Rhoology of polymers. Rheological properties of polymer
melts under high deformation rates. Vysokca. soed. 5 no.10:
1543-1548 0 '63. (MIRA 17:1)
1. Nauchno-issledavatellskiy institut plastichaskikh mass.

~ I
-W
DEYNEGA, Yu.F~; V-11TOGRADOV, G.-V,
Jump In the electrcsLatl~~ p0ential Lt the m4nz of stto~page
Of the flow of plasti.:~ disperse system. Koll. hur. 25 no-3:
. -T
I.tr
379--380 e 1~6,3. 2-1-.10),
3. lln;,-t-~tii-,~ obAchey ine c rganiche ti ircy
k1lilm! i, tTkrSSF., Vy,~v.

h5157
S/020/63/148/002/032/037
B192/,BIOI
AUTHORS: Belkin, I. M., kargin, V. A., Academician
TITLE:- high elasticity, shear strength and development of a statiormay
viscous flow in flowing polypiers
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Doklady,. Y. 148, no. 2, 19631 369 - 372
TEXTz The transition from elastic deform4tion to the development of a
stationary viscous flow in polymers was ii3vestigated on the substances
Alkathene-2 (polyethylene) and block-polyptyrene. With a rotary diffrac-
tion viscosimeter the shear stress t-as a funcfion of the deformation r
was measured at various temperatures T for different constant deformation
rates Calibration curves i( V at '114, 140 and 1950C with, values from
-1
0.028 to 21 see are given for polyethylene. For all selected temperamms,
the curves at low k first rose monotonically with r-and then levelled,to a-
constant value; but, for higher ~ values they rapidly rose to a maximum
and then dropped monotonically to a constant value. For the deformation
where Z~turns constant, there holdsi A + B log r", B being about
Card 1/2

S/020/63/146/002/032/057
Ifigh elasticity, shear ... B192/B101
2 for all temperatures, and A decreasing with rising temperature. For
monotonic curves the transition from the solid state to the development of
a stationary flow occurs without a change in structure, for curves with a
maximum, a change in structure takes place when passing the maximum. The
good reproducibility of the calibration curve when the experiments are re-
peated, as well as the fact of the energy of activation being almost the
same both at the limit of resistance and when the flow-becomes stationary,
lead to the conclusion that the change in structure is reversible and un-
attended by any destruction of the macromolecules. The modulus of rigidi-
ty G ras ascertained from the rise of the curves at ~-- 0. For small
there resulted the functionality G - a + b.log where b - 4 for poly-
ethglene in the temperature range investigated, b 8 for polystyrene at
160 C, b - 2.5 a't 2100C. With rising 1~, G(') makes a distinct kink for
the value of,y-,, corresp6nding to a maximum 4pears in the curves 't( ), and
turns constant where the substance enters the field of'high elasticf)ty.
There are 4 figures.'
SUBMITTEDs June 12, 1962
Card 2/2

-L 10�12-63- EPR/F.PF(c)/EWP(J)/E~T(m)/BDS--ASD--Pr-4/Pa-4/Pe-4-RK/%rd
ACCESSION RRs AP3000732 S/620/63/130/003/0574/0577
AUTHORz Vinoiradovt 0. V.t Malkin, A. Ya.; Frozorovskaya, N. KaEELn. V. A.,
Member of-acadewW of =ceKoes~
TITLE: Rheology of polymers. Temperature-invariant characteristic of anomalous-
viscous systems
SOURCEI AN SSSR. Doklady, v. 150, no. 3, 1963, 574-577
TOPIc TAGS: rheology of polymers, temperature-invariant, viscosity, high pressure
polyethylene, alkatene 2 block polystyrene, isotactic polypropylene, Newtonian
viscosity, rate of deformation
A alkatene 2, block poly-
ABSTRACTi The viscosikr~of high pressure polyethylene~.
_styren&nd isotactic polyprop-vl;neqwas determined in a wide range of tempdiralures.
This data, i.e., Newtonian viscosil. Beta sub N and the rate of deformation D at
different temperatures, was plotted using logarithmic coordinates. When the
Newtonian viscosity was plotted against temperature T, an invariant curve was ob-
tained for each polymer. This method can prove useful, for determining vincosity
values in a greater range of D rates than can be obtained experimentally: all t1hat
is required e2perimentaUy is data for one T curve and the Eta sub N at 3 or 4
Card 1/2

777MMM
L 10832-63
ACCESSION NR-, AP3000752
temperatures so that the temperature-Uvariant eurve can be drawn. Orig. art. has.
4 figures and 2 equations.
ASSOCIATIONt Institut neftekhimcheskogo sinteza Alkademil nauk SSSR (Institute of
Petrochemical Synthesis, Academy of Sciences SSSR)
SUMITTEDs 074"an63 DATE ACQD: 21j=63 EXCL; 00
SUB do NO REF SOVz 003 OTHER: 006
Cq0
Card 2/2

L 1M3-63 EPF(c)/t~T(m)
ACCESSION M AP3004426
Pr-4
AU29ORSo Noynee, Yu, To I Vino"ov 0 Ve
=, ~74.~ -4.
TMEt Behavior in an electric field and sUbilities of nonaqueous plastic
dispersed-systems-
SOURCEs AN SSSR* Doklady* v, 151# no@ 4o 19639. 879-882,
TOPIC TA03s. surfactant, polarize& light, barium dialkyldithiogulfatat Dr-1,
Ca-greasep 11-greasel Is-greaseq phase transition# electric fteldq charge ex-
change# dispersed phaset syneresis.
ABSTRACTs Earlier investigations by the authors reveal,?d the possibility of, study-!
Ing the influence of surfactants on the structure and electrical prpperties-6f
plastic system by observing the solidified orientated flov structures in polarized;
light. Admixtures of Wit solution of barium dialkyldithiosulfate'I(DF-I lin oil
(5 - 15%) were mixed with hydrated Ca-greaset U-grease and Ila-grease and changes
in the morostructure of the system and phase transition in an electrio field
were observed by a method described in the previous papers. The results are
presented in 15 color photographs* The action of an electric field can cauce a
reversible compression of the three-dimensional structural framework in plastic
Card

L 17543-63
ACOP-MION NHI AP3004428
dispersed systemes Charge oxebange of the dispersed pbase is observed in the
presence of surfactants Differently charged particles tan exist on the bcandary
of the phase reparatio When the greases are storedq Kie change of the s%=face
of particles in the dispersed phase can have a deciding effect on syneresia.
Orig. art. ham 4,figuress
ASSOCIATIMs , Institut obehohey i neorganicheakoy khimil Akedomil nauk USSR
(Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Acaderl of Science$,UkrS R)
SUBMMEDs 25Dec62 DATE ACO 21Aug63 ENCLr 00
Sn CODEs PHt CH NO REP SOV 1005 MHERS

vq~qg'~Yp G._-V,~; NAIAMIN~ N. S. ; NOSOV, M.
"Antivear & aatifric properties Of P01YOrganosiloxanes and their mix with hydro."
report submitted to Tntl Lubrication Conf, Washington, D.C., 13-16 oct 64.

ACCESSION NO: AP4024413 S/0204/64/004/001/0170/0175
AUTHOR:' Vinogradov, Go V.; N&metkin, No So; Nosov, Me I*
.1 TITLE: Synergetic lubricating action of polysiloxanes and
hydrocarbons
SOURCE: Neftakhimiya, v. 4, no. 1, 1964# 170-173
TOPIC TAGS: lubrLeatton, synfrgism., pol3isiloxanes, hydrocarbons.
antivear lubricant, antifriction lubricant. antiwear test, antifriction
-test, petroleum product lubricant, silicon lubricants
~ABSTRACT: The previously reported synergism in lubricant mixtures of.
polysiloxanes with some petroleum lubricants enriched with aromatic
hydrocarbons has been further investigated by determining antiwear and
antifriction properties of the following individual hydrocarbons and
mixtures of them with polyethylsiloxanol liquid: diphenylmethane
(isomeric mixture) (1), di-o-xylylmethane- (H), 6,41--giisopropyldi-
phenylmethane (111). 1,1-dL-o-xylylethane (TV), 4-mono-isopropyldi-
phenyl M, cumene (V.1
.), and ;,6-dirtert.-butylapthyl banxene (VII).
The tests weri carried out on the four-ball HT-4 friction apparatus at
Card 1/2

NO: "4024413
50C qnd a sliqno spqed of 23 cm/sec. The results (shown graphically)
!,indigate that Aow-molecular-weight aroms.tic hydrocarbons (such as
III #nd VI), which &~e readily oxid,ized to form hydroperoxides, possess
highxantiwe:riand aniifriction lubAcating properties'. Sharp synergism
wasipbserve or the 'mixtureslof IIX andVI witk the-polyethylsiloxanol
~Jiqutd ovar a wide range of concent1ration of components. The role of
ato+ oxygenjin the.,improvempnt of,the lubricatIng properties of hydro
carbon lubric4nts and',the ro le of hydroperoxides in transporting no-
~'lecular oxygen to the,metal:surface is discussed in detail. The
effe~tivenasslof mole~cular oxygen as an additive to lubricants depends
,;on the nature of the hydrocarbons which constitute the lubricant and
on the ability of the hydrocarbons to form hydroperoxides. Orig.
art.t'has: 4 figures.
:Asso,~TATIdN: ins'tit4*t nef t 4himicheskogo sinteza AN SSSR in. Ae Ve
Topchiyeva (Initituti of Pstra"chemical Sjnthesisj AN SSSR)
ZXCLs 00
SUBMiTTED: 27Juu63 DATZ ACQ: 17Apr64
sun COUXI CH No Ray i0VI bit &"ILI act
Card 1/2

'G. V.
t im 3 to 1 7
3 0,-3 50) Mr-11;
1. lbsLlLul C., :3 t ~l

ACCESSION NR: AP4040605 S/0204/64/004/003/0510/03171
AUTHORt Vinogradov, Go Vo; Nametkins No S.g Nosov,, M. I,
TITLE: Effect of oxygen and oxidation initiators (hyAroperoxides)
on the antiwear and antLfriction properties of polysiloxanes
SOURCE: Neftakhimiya, v. 4, no. 3, 1964, 510-517
TOPIC TAGS:' lubricant, P;Iysiloxane, polysiloxane lubri*cant
antiwear propertypantifriction property,.oxidation, polyethylailoxane,
polymethylphanylsil6xane, methane. 4.4'diisopropyl-, hydroperoxide, ,
oxidation initiator, 'isopropylbenzens hydroperoxide, seizing, friction
coifficient
ABSTRACT: The affect of the oxidative activity of the ambient gas
phase and the agents which intensify the oxidation on the antivear
and antifriction properties of polysiloxane fluids under heavy loads
was studied at the Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis imani A.
ve
Topchiyov, AS USSR, A polymethyloiloxdneo a p6lyethylailoxane, and
,two p'olymethylphanylailoxanes with a medium and a high~content of
phenyl groups in the molecule, designated Polymer I and Polymer 2
-ICard 1/3

ACCESSION NRt AP4040605
respectively, were used; in some experiments 4,41-dLisopropyldiphenyl-
methane was added to the polysLIoxane fluids to determine the effect
of the presence of an easily oxidizable hydrocarbon. The experL-
ments were conducted on a four-ball machine. Variations in the
oxidative activity of the ambient gas phase were achieved by conduc-
ting the experiments in vacuum. in the air, and by blowing oxygen
at the rate of 12 1/hr through the lubricant in the four-ball chamber.
In some experiments, varying amounts (0.5-3%) of isopropylbenzene
hydroperoxLde were added to the lubricating fluids as the oxidation
initiator. The dependence of the wear on the load, frLction-vs.-
time diagrams, and dependence of the friction coefficients on the
load were obtained for temperatures of 50, 120, and 200C. It was
found that the oxidizing agents and easily oxidizable hydrocarbons
exert the same effect in polysiloxane fluids as in hydrocarbon
lubricants, namely# a decrease in seizing, which becomes degenerated
and is terminated. This effect on the lubricating properties of
lpolyaLloxanes increases with the decrease of the thermaxidative
!stability of the latter, 6,4g., in the sequences
polyethylailoxana -0 Polymer 1 -0 Polymer 2.
''&rd 2/3

~.-ACCESSION NRS AP4040605
The effect is weaker than that observed in hydrocarbon lubricantse
!The antifriction properties of the polisiloxanes are more susceptible,
Itban their antiwear properties to the effect of the ambient,gas I
"phase and the composition of the lubricating medium* Orige art# hass'
i5 figures.
IASSOCIATION;. Inatitut neft~ekhimicheskogo sintaza, AN SSSR im. A$ V,
~Topchiyeva (Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis-, AN SSSR)
ISUBMITTEDt 25Jun63 DATE ACQ: 06Jul64 ENCL: 00
SUB CODEt P, &C, NO REP SOV: 0.10 OTHERt 007
rd 3/3

-11 t ~~ ~ ", I ~' ~ - l., 4'. ~', ~-~. -z-... ~. -. ... .II .- '- '~Z -t~ "T ,
~e~07e,' -4 -1-:1-N ej
.ACCESSION NR: AP4043281 S/0065/64/000/008/0050/0053
'AUTHOR: Nosov, M. I.; Vinogradov, G. V.
.TITLE: The effect of additives on the antiwear--and anrifriction
properties of polysiloxanes
SOURCE: Khimiya i tekhnologiya topliv i masel, no. 8,*1964, 50-53
TOPIC TAGS: organosulfur additive, organochlorine additive,
orgnnophosphorus additive, polysiloxane, polyethylsiloxane, poly-
methylphanylailoxane. triphenyl phosphate, antiwear property, steel
Iseizing, lubricant
~ABSTRACT: The effect of certain organosulfur. organochlorine. and
rorganophosphorus compounds-as additives in various polysiloxanea was
'studied for the purpose of determining the specific action of
additives on the boundary friction, establishing the relationship
between the activity of additives and the nature of polysiloxanes,
and determining the effect of molecular oxygen on the activity of
the additives. The polysiloxanes used were polyethyloiloxane (PES)
:liquid, polymethylphenylailoxane liquid with a low-phenyl group
Cor~ -i1/ 4
-------------------

ACCESSION NR: AP4043281
content (polymer 3),and polymethylphonylailoxane with a high phenyl-
igroup content (polymer 2). Triphenyl phosphate (1), dibenzyl di-
Isulfide (2), sulfole (3), isohexylthiophane (4), a-butylthiophene (5),
12-acetonylmercaptothiophene (6), 2-mereapto-57ethyl-3-thiophene-
acid (7), 2-mercapto-5-ethyl-3-thenyledenimine (8), 2-
,benzim.idazolethiol (9), N-methyl-2-benzimidazoletl)iol (10), and
,chlorinated paraffins (C2511SIC1 to C25114OC112) (11) were used an
additives. The additive concentration was taken as 1% sulfur in the
lubricant for sulfur-containing additives and 0.22 phosphorus for
triphenyl phosphate. The additives did not dissolve completely in
the polysiloxanes, but formed suspensions. It was proved that the
highest activity of the additives can also be displayed in the
emulsified or suspended state. The experiments were carried out on'
a four-ball apparatus at 50C and a.t a sliding velocity of 23 cm/sec
by a step-loading method with no change in the friction surface. To
determine the effect of the nature of the polysiloxane on the
effectiveness of the additives, polymer 3 was tested with additives,
2, 3, 7-9, and polymer 2 with additives 1-3, 9, 11. The antiwear
property of polymer 3 was not improved by any of the additives. Only
chlorinated paraffin improved the antiwear property of polymer 2 for
I_ _ ,
Cord 2 / 4

ACCESSION NR: AP4043281
small loads. Additives which are highly effective in hydrocarbon
lubricants in respect to preventing seizing of steel are less
effective in polysiloxanes. Their activity sharply drops in the
transition from polyethylsiloxane to polymethylsiloxane and drops
even further in the transition to polymetliylphenylsiloxane-whicit
oisesser, thermooxidation stability. It was proposed that in the
p
decomposition of widely known additives-which determines their
effectiveness against the seizing of steel, a chain reaction is
ini:tinted in which the basic components of the lubricating oils take
t; part, The effectiveness of the additives against seizing decreases
in lubricating media with increasing stability,in respect to reactions
with free radicals. The ineffectiveneas of additives in the poly-
mcthylphenylsiloxanes can be explained by this phenomenon. It is
noted that the activity of certain polysiloxanes as lubricating
media must be taken into account in studying *the additive action ajzdnst
the seizing of steel in polysiloxanes. On the basis of comparison
Of the experimental results for solutions of additives in polyethyl-
siloxane in air and in vacuum, it was concluded that molecular
oxygen influences the effectiveness of the additivea'in different
ways. Orig. art. hast 2 figures and 1 table.
C6rd 3 / 4

ACCESSION NRt AP4043281
ASSOCIATION: -tNKhS AN SSSR
SUBMITTEDt 00 ATD PRESS: 3084 ENCLi 00
SUB CODEt FP NO REP SOV: 008 OTHER: 007
Card 4/4

MUSTAFAYEV, E. [deceased); MALKIN, A.Ya,; PLOTNIKOVA, Ye.P.; V~.NOGRADOV, G.7.
Rheological properties of poly-lisobutylene. Vyaokom.soed. 6 no.8:1515-
1521 Ag 164. (MIRA 17tlO)
1. Inatitut neftekhtnicheskogo sinteza AN SSSR, laboratoriya reologil
polimerov,
C.

VINO RAD.OV.,-G-,'j.; ZABUGikJA, M.P.; KONSTANTINOV, A.A.; KONYUK11, 1.V.; MALKIN,
A.Ya.; PROZOROVSKA-vA, N.Y.
Viscosity measurements of polymers In the condensed state bf rotatory
and capillary instruments. Vysokom.soed. 6 no.9:1646-1650 S 164-
(N'IRA 17: 10)
". Institut neftekhimicheskogo sinteza. AN SSSR.

NOSOVP M.I.; VINOGRADOV, G.V.
Effect of additives on the &ntiwear and antifrictional
properties of polysiloxanso. Xhia. i tekh. topl i nasal
9 no.800-53 Ag 164. (MM 17:10)
1. Institut neftekhimicheBkogo sintess. AN SSSR.

FAMMMI, R.M.; KORYTOVA, Ye.~.; MIYUM, 1.1i.; 0.7,
Rheology of polymers. Effect of the fractional c-,mF-)z,--.jrr. of
high-pressure polyethylene on the viscosity characts-istics
of the melt. Plast. massy no.11:31-34 164 (PIRA 18:1)

Acassiou im. Ap4o37175 8/0069/64/026/003/0296/0300
AVMOR: Deynega, Yu. F.; Vovnenkoj A. Me; Vinogradov, Go Ve
t: TITIE: Electric conductivity of plastic dispersion systems under static and dyn=-;
;.ic conditions
,~SOURCE: KoUoidny*y zhurnal.. v. 26., no. 3.- 1964j, 296-300
TOPIC TAGS: lubricant electroconductivity.. soap oil greasep plastovisc=eter
condenser., lubricant specific resistance.. dielectric lubricautp electrokinetic
,,phaze change.. electrolysis.. lubricant elastic deformation
'ABSTRACT: This electroconductivity was studied in soap-oil greases, with a
w re isols.-:
,~rotatory plastoviscometer in which the interior and exterior cyclinders e
ted and which could be rapidly stopped serving as a condenser. The equipment is
described in detail Di current resistance was measured with a megaobmmeter.
Standard exi. r was I 1-5tl 10%. Structural changes of the greases in the electki6
.fields were determined by the polarization-optical method. The greases studied
were sodiun,# calci= =d lithi=-baaed soaps tblck=ed with mineral oll; 20.6% Na
of castor oil acids, 17.5% hydrated Ca soap of cottonzeed oil acias WA 10%
soap

ACCESSIONYR: AP4037175
technical Li atearate. A double electric layer is kaown to exist In soap-oil
Its presence is reflected in the dielectric
greases on the boundary surface.
;characteristics of the Ipbricants. The typical soap-oil greases had a specific
!resistance of 3.010 - 1014 obm/cm (U highest., Ca lowest). Upon applying a constant'
electric field,, the specific resistance of these system will increase with times
Change of the charge sign of the electrodes will cause a sharp drop of specific
irecistance. These effects were connected with various -nifestations at the
~electrodes (e.g. electrolysis,, and gas bubbles). As a result of electrolysis,,
water gradually disappears from the system., affording electrokinctic phase changes
At the surface of the negative electrode a layer of the dispersion mediun is forxed,
Simultaneously the structural framework is compressed at the positive electrode andi.
the thickness of the boundary layer increases with the duration of electric field
action. A drop of specific resistance occurs as a result of grease deformation.
:Upon abrupt stopping of the plastoviscometer-condenser., a sharp change of specific
resistance is also registered. Under the influence of the force of inertiap
ielastic deformation of the structural framework takes place. This may pull the
material off the rotor surface. Upon return of this framework., the material will
~Jagain make contact with the rotors, This explains the rapidly alternating increase
Icand decrease of specific resistance vpcm sharply decelerating the systems
r
---- - -----

ACCESSION XR: AP4037175
Moisture plays an important part* Orig. art. has: 3 figures*
ASSOCIATION: Institut obahchey i neogr=icheskoy,kh4mJj AN UkrSSRv,Xi*v(r=titUt8
of General anl Inorgenic Chmistry AN UkrSSR)
SUECITTM: O10ct62 ENCL* 00
80 CODE: GCp EM NO FW SOV: 007 on=: 003
3/3-

LEONOVp A.I.; MALKIN, A.-fa.; LJI~~A4Pqj G.V.
Effect of the rigidity of dynamometers on the resultB of rhadlogical ,..1
measurements. Kollo zhur. 26 no.3s335-340 Yq-Je 16 ."
&IRA 17 19)
1. Institut, neftek-himteheskogo sinteza AN SSSR-imeni Topchiyeva.

, i, , ~,
I.oi,** .", .." ..!I. . I
?h,3,-i' cr'~:gCL I:Tc7~r~,',3s C-"Y-Lf!t' 1 1 r.' . ;, I , I - ~ ~ - , - .
. I , - - 1.
I,- L.!f ~n c, . 3 j r,~ ~~O 164 . I . ! -, " j

L 16376-65 zrf * m F;
AUCEMN NR: AP4045404 S/000/64/Q26/005/0567/0573
AUTHOR: V!n2gEadoy, _G--.- V. Dogadkin, B_. A. I Prozorovskaya, N. V.-; Neverov,
A. P.
TITLE: Rheotogy of polymers, Study of-v-isco-us properties of divinylstyrene-
rubber N4
SOURCE: Kolloidny*y zhurnal, v. 26, no. 5, 1964, 567-573
15
TOPIC TAGS: rubber viscosity, viscossimeter, deformation, shear stress
ABSTRACT: The visrous properties of elastomers were determined by measur-
ing the mean rate of deformation (5) in the rapillaries as a function of shear
stress on their w~ill~-,, (Tf~) F