SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT VISHNYAKOV, A.V. - VISHNYAKOV, D.YA.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001860110004-0
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 1, 2001
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

VISHNYAKOVS A.V.
Carding Machinea
B.V. Vladimirov's article "Aerodynamics of the scutching chamber,R A.V. Vishnyakov,
Tekst. prom. 12, No. 6. 1952.
Monthly List of Russian Accessio2!,, Library of Congress, October 1952,. UNCLASSIFIED

VISHNYAKOV, A. V.
Vishnyakov, A. V. -- "The Effect of Blowing Off Carbon Monoxide on the
Quality of Steel Melting in Electric Furnaces." Cand Tech Sci, Mos-
cow Inst of Steelf Moscow 1953. (Referativnyy Zhurnal--KhImiya,7o_ 1,
Ta_n_R7-_ .1-1 1 V~ -_:, -,-.
Sol SUM 168p 22 JUlY 1954

Ussli/Enginecring - ~L-tailurgy FD-13~3
Card 1/1 Pub. 41-10/18
Author Vi!Anza~ov. A. V. and Samarin, A. M., Corresponding *mber,
Academy offt9c"re"Mces, USSR
Tit:le The effect of blowing with carbon monoxide on the quality of steel
made in electric furnaces
Periodical : Izv. AN SSSR. Otd. Tekh. nauk 3, 102-109, 1954
Abstract : Discusses possibility of purifying molten steel through removal of
hydrogen and nitrogen by blowing with carbon monoxide, this accelerat-
ing steel melting because part of oxidatiun period may be replaced by
blowing with carbon monoxide during reducing period. Also discusses
purification of steel by removal of sulfur, oxygen, and nonmetallic
inclusions. Tables, diagrams, micrographs
Institution :
Submitted : March 25, 1954

. ..
V -L D-1 17, 1 E, -1 , It . Y .
YXIDNVUL. F.P., doteent.kandidaf4,~,tekhnicheakikh nauki.. ~SHNTAKOV, A.V.,
kandidat tekhnicheskikh rai, .
Protection of immersion thermocouples during temprature measurements
in electric furnaces, Sborolustostali no,32;161-166 154,
(NLRA 10:5)
(Thqrwcouples)

VISMrMOV, A.Y., kandidat takhnicheskikh neuk.
Calculation of torque imparted by the centrifugal force of the
windmill vane relative to the axis of motion. Sel'khozmashina
n0-12:17-21 D '55. (MLRA 9:3)
(Windmills)

VISOYAKUV. A.V-, kandidat tekhnichookikh nauk.
Approximation method in calculating the aerodynamic moment of
windmill wings in relation to the axis of rotation. Sel'khoz-
mashina no.2:16-20 F 156. (MIAA 9:5)
(Windmills)

VISHNTAXDV, A.T dotsent.
Calculating intersecting forces and bending moments from the
aerodynamic forces of a windmill vwtq. Stl1khossashins. no.4:23-26
AV '57. (WindmillO . 1. (XIaA 10:4)

L 26421-66 EWT(m)/EWP(t)/ETI IJP(c) JD
ACC NR, AP6013070 SOURCE CCDE: UR.,'0048/66/030/004/0637/0643
AUMOR: Bundoll.A.A.; Vishnyakov,A.V ; GalaktionovS.!S.; qq&~~_&Y_A'A_Jo 4LAQ_V,_GZV___-S'
Kamenskaya,S.A.; Kreytavr,,K,;k.-It'-Okahdvdkaya,T.V ; Chrahch i.V.A-
ORG: None
TITLE: On the effect of the preparation conditions on the formation of traps ilk Zfts
and ZnO base phosphors and the influence of predecomposition phenomena in solid solu-
40 In ZnS on their luminescence /Roport# Fourteenth Conference on Lumines-
tions O;CSeu
cence WId in RigaJ16-23 September 19657 -
SOURCE: AN SSSR. Izvestiya. Seriya fizicheskaya, v. 30, no. 4, 1966, 637-643
TOPIC TAGS: luminescence, crystal phosphor, zinc sulfide, current carrier,
ABSTRACT: Introduction of new experimental methods has increased rather than dUced
Of Zi
the disagreement among different investigators regarding the structure no 7ulfide
luminophors. On the basis of previous investigations of glow curves and the polarity
of the photocurrent carriers the authors showed that for the most part the discrepan-
cies are due to inadequate control of the synthesis conditions, i.e., that the phos-
phors studied by different groups differed as regards structure owing to uninten-
tional variations of the preparation conditions. Experiments show, for example, that
truly self-activated ZnS exhibits only one glow curve peak, but that if the compound

L 26491-66
ACC NRt AP6013070
0
is exposed to rxygen, even at low pressure, during heating a second glow-curve peak
appears and this is nccompanied by change in the polarity of the photocurrent carrlcrs~
(from n to P). Various experiments were carried out with pure, self-activated and i
impurity-activated US and ZnO (including surface oxidized specimens) and several
series of glow curves are reproduced. Data an the polarity of the current carriers in
photoconductivity a" also adduced. The curves and data demonstrate the effects of
the synthesis conditions. A series of phosphors was prepared by heating different
mixtures of US with Cu2S without flux at 1000 0C. followed by reheating with quartz
powder (to prevent caking) in scaled tubes it 10500. rhese ZnS:Cu phosphors were
studied immediately after preparation, after various h.3at treatments and after storage
for some months at 20o. Their attributes differed cotutiderably, again indicating the
importance of synthesis and other conditions. It is pointed out that understanding of
the peculiarities of the complicated chemical system constituted by copper-activated
zinc sulfide luminoph~ors requires further thorough invastigation of the Zns-cuo-cu
system. Orig. art. has: I formula and 6 figures.
SUB CCDE: 20/
SUBM DATE: GO/ ORIG REF: 008/ OTH REF: 008
U

Vi:,Iil.'Y,',KOV, A.V.,,
--'n zh. inz~..; 'EIULYOV,
V.-
Propertle,q of otooL nill-o of InFoti with closod pilm.
J11. 24 no. 9 812- 814 S 164. (1-lim 1'1..-LO)
t
I . S) b troki-y me tallurgi chr,,,~k I y i ns d tut ,Wzriet ski y me tal lijrgl che ski-y
koinbl.nat i NovosibInikLy ,-.,,I.fJ.~lurgJ.rhoakty -.&v9d.

VISH11YAKOV, A.Va
Design and calculn.-tion of the fluff cati;h(-- system, with in-
dividual nozzles for spinning machinese vyse uchebe
zav.; telrh. tekst. prom, no.6tW-151 `0 (MIRA 17:8)
1. Mosk-voskiy tel.JinologichesUy institu'. 11,yasnoy i molochnoy
promyshleiuiosti.

VISHNYAKOV, AS.
*-,
Pouring killed steel into ingot molds without riser heads. Stall 23
no.12i22M-.--,D t63. (MRA 17%2)
I-%-
1. Sibirskiy metallurgichaskiy institut.

VISHNYAKOV, A.V.
Regulation of the pressure in the nozzles of spinning machine
separators by the length of the central air duct, Izv,vys,
ucheb.zav.; tekh.teket.prom, no,W30-138 163. (KRA 16s6)
1. Moskovskiy tekhnologicheakiy institut oyasnoy imolochnoy
promyshlennosti. (Spinning machinery)

VISIRIYAKOV A V.; DAITILOV, P.M.; METELEVA, G.G.j BORODnEl, A.I.,-
IKICHEVY I.S.; PLEKILANOV, P.S.
Fil3ion of closed shrinkage cavities in killed steel ingots.
Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.; chern. met. 5 no.8t44-52 962. (141P)t 15:9)
1. Sibirskiy metallurgicheskiy institut i Yuznetgkiy metallurgichoskiy
kombinat.
(Steel ingots-Defecto)

M
116,00
397h8
s/148/62/000/006/001/005
E071/E435
AUTHORS; Danilov, P.M., Meteleva, G,G.1
-Borodulin, A.I., Tkachev, I.S., Plekhanov, P.S.
TITLE: Casting of 7 ton ingots of killed steels with closed
shrinkage cavity
PERIODICAL: I.zvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Chernaya
metallurgiya, no.6, 1962, 32-38
TEXT: The possibility of teeming 7 ton ingots with a closed
shrinkage cavity which is suffi4fiently clean as regards non-metallic
inclusions and segreations to becomo welded togbther on rolling
was demonstrated. For insulatIng the closed shrinkage cavity
from air, a skin of 3 to 5 mm thick wo'uld be sufficient but for the
fact that on reheating the ingot such thin skin can inelt and,
therefore, the thickness of an ihsulating layer of 20 to 100 mm is
desirable. Thv principle of the method is to-form a bridge in the
shrinkake cavity soon after teeming. This bridge will divide the
abrinkage cavity into closed and open parts. , The closad part will
ta"ird 1/2

Casting of 7 ton ingots
s/148/62/ooo/oo6/ool/605
E071/E435
weld together during rolling so that only the open part of the
cavity has to be cut off. Altogether five modifications of
teeming practice were tested (described in some detail and
illustrated). Depending on the teeming practice, the size of
the cut off end varied from 3 to 7%. Subsequent testing of the
vertical cross-scction of an ingot with closed shrinkage cavity
for the segregation of carbon, phosphorus and sulphur showed that the
degree of segregation was small and did not exceed the degree of
segregation encountered in normal ingots. There are 4 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Sibirskiy metallux-gicheskiy institut i Kuznctskiy
"411 metallurgichoskiy kombinat (Siberian Metallurgical
I ?"
Institute and Kuznetsk Metallurgical Combine)
SUBMITTED: May 20, 1961

VISHMKOV, A.V. -
Engineering method for calculating loads on tho nt-chz~td;;i-,
peller pitcb cauBed by, blades of arbitre-r,,
changes in pro
stagger. Izv.vys.ucbeb.xav.; av.tel:b. 3
(14IRK 13-0)
1. Mookovskiy tekbnologicbeskiy institut wyannoy i nolot,
pronyahlonnosti. KafAdra vysshey matematiki i toorotichm.-;Lcy
makhaniki.
(Propellers, AerIal)

VISHNYAKOV, A.V., kand.tekhn.nauk dots.
Casting ingots with closed shrInicage,cavitites. Izv.v7s.ucheb.,
zav.; chern.met. 2 no.9:47-52 S 59. (MIRA 13:4)
1. Sibirski7 metallurgicheakiy institut. Rekomendovano kafedrov
elektro-mets' urgii SibIrskogo metallurgicheekogo instituta.
(St!lel ing3ts)

(59313
S/147/60/000/01/002/018
E191/E531
AUTHOR: Vishnyakov, A.V.
TITLE: An Engineer ng Method of Analysis of the Load on the
Pitch Changing Mechanism of a Prope de49
___ 1jer Due to a Bla
of Arbitrary Span
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya vysshikh uchobnykh zavedeniy, Aviatsionnaya
tekhnika, 1960, Nr 1, pp 12-27 (USSB)
ABSTRACT: An engineering method of computing the blade pitching
moments about the torsion axis due to aerodynaff-ic and
centrifugal forces is presented, distinguished by the
explicit form of relating this moment to the geometry
and the dynamic parameters of the propeller and its
blades. The main purpose of the method is the rapid and
physically clear introduction of modified parameters
during development work. Instead of using the aerodynamic
curves of aerofoils as in other meth.~Pds, a family of
curves of geometrically similar propallers is used as a
basis, being more representative than two-dimensional
Card l/ 3 aerofoil characteristics. The contr:i.bution of the

69313
S/147/60/000/01/002/018
E191/E581
An Engineering Method of Analysis Of the Load on the Pitch Changing
Mechanism of a Propeller Due to a Blade of Arbitrary Span
profile drag forces to the pitching moment is neglected.
In the contribution of the lift forces, integrals are
separated which depend purely on the geometry. The
aerodynamic moment coefficient is assumed proportional
to the relative thickness of the profile at both
subsonic and supersonic velocities. The lift coefficient
is assumed proportional to the incidence. The elastic
twist of the blade in operation is neglected as
insignificant. The pitching moment due to the lift
forces is expressed in terms of the blade geometry in
which only the pitch angle of a representative section
and the total built-in twist are considered. The
planform is determined by the course of the sweepback
angle between the direction of flight and the line joining
the centre of gravity of the section to the blade torsion
axis in a plane perpendicular to the plane of rotation,
The cases of a constant sweepback angle and variable
Card 2/3 angle (corresponding to a special l.Lght aeroplane

69" 13
S/147/60/000/01/002/018
E191/E!i8i
An Engineering Method of Analysis of the Load on the Pitch Changing
Mechanism of a Propeller Due to a Blade of Arbitrary Span
propeller and a swept back heavy load carrying aeroplane,
respectively) are considered separately alongside the
usual case of zero sweepback. The aerodynamic moment
due to the displacement of the aerodynamic centre is also
expressed in terms of blade geometry. A coefficient
which represents the details of blade geometry is almost
independent of the conditions of operation. The pitching
moment due to centrifugal forces is composed of two
parts. The first part, independent of the sweepback
angle, is expressed in terms of the polar mass moment of
inertia of the blade and a certain mean pitch angle. The
second part, which depends on the sweepback, is computed
separately for a constant and a variable sweepback angle.
There are 4 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Kafedra vysshey matematiki i teoreticheskoy mekhaniki,
Moskovskiy tekhnologicheskiy institut atyasnoy i molochnoy
promyshlennostl (Chair of Higher Mathematics and
Card 3/3 Theoretical Mechanics, Moscow Production Methods Institute
of the Milk and Meat Industries)

18-3200 77134
Soy/148-59-9-4/22
AUTHOR: Vishnyakov, A. V. (Candidate of Technical Sciences.-
-Docent-Y-- - --I-----
TITLE: Casting of Ingots With Closed Shrinkage Cavity
PERIODICALt Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Chernaya
metallurgiya, 1959, Nr 9, pp 47-52 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: An experimental,casting of Ingots with closed shrink-
age cavity for the purpose of Increasing the output
of sound steel by welding the cavity during hot work-
Ing of metal by forces of pressure. The welding of
cavity is a process of drawing together its surfaces
to the distance of atomic interaction. Such drawing
together may be interfered with by the scale, gas,
nonmetallic inclusions, temperature, and the degree
and the type of deformation. The author tested 4
methods of casting 1F'ie ingota with closed cavity,
and evaluated their reliability in sealing the cavity.
They were as follows: (1) pouring into molds without
Card 1/6 hot topping and without covering the surface of metal

Casting of Ingots With Closed Shrinkage 77134
Cavity SOV/148-59-9-4/22
Card 2/6
by a heat insulating material; (2) pouring into molds
without hot topping but with spraying of the surface
of liquid metal by water; (3) pouring into molds -erith-
out hot topping but with laying on the surface the
floating metal lids; (4) pouring into molds ,-iithout
hot topping but with immersion of metal plates into
the liquid metal. The author gives an analysis of all
of the above methods. Ile states that the first and the
second methods do not insure a reliable sealing of the
cavity from the atrao,3pherc. He 1:,,-iv,:~L; t1io calcLzlated
opeedu OL- (;avj.tj i'OVI-1:ation !I,, tale iiiz;u-antly po-,~-,-cd inl-otus
Of 0.7, 2.8, and 7-toll TI-le dirion,,,lon o.' in_'Ots
(avera,e cro-.;:~ it, ;111,1) wcr(~:: 320 ,', 320; '1` 510
and 700 x 700; if/D 3 iIL Ll-I. (;aL;oo. The of
oolidii'led ;.,i(---'Ga1 wa:-; calc~ila',;cd. T;i(2
c1--;;-;'L;allizaUojt wa;~ zi;; 2.6 CIII Illin-1/2, an(I
a1r,1-e a:; 3-~% (Fil"'. 1). The aiitiiov in,*ot po~jr-
vineii viatuj- L~pvaylri- c..'
InE practl(--c of' ~O j(-,LtrL; a;
metal wa3- pop~ilar. Ile ofi'cv,; a ;;i;,:1;c~L;tion 21, tiiat
1n tho~;e dayo the thiciccitlil"- OL' tILL' ltl!~~Ot CV,IL;t (01,
cloL;Iri,~, of f lavi.~) co--tlci ucciti, diii-in - Lhe -,;trippin -
and tr-ani;porLation oL- thc lri,ot (at"the exponsc o---:'

Casting of Ingots With Closed Shrinkage
Cavity
77134, SOV/148-59-9-4/22
Fig. 1. The change of speed of shrinkage cavity forma-
Card 3/6 tion depending on time and the ingot weight: (1) ingot
0.7 ton; (2) ingot 2.8 ton; (3) ingot 7.0 ton.

Casting of Ingots With Closed Shrinkage
Cavity
1110
77134
sov/148-59-9-4/22
Fig. 2. A schematic diagram of thickening of the crust
of solid metal over the shrinkage cavity at the expense
of the liquid core of the ingot: (a) ingot's position
during pouring; (b) ingot's position during transporta-
11 platforms to ~hj soaking pits of
Card-4/6 tion from thmeiTyyrjn
thl rolling solid metal; 2 liquid metal;
3 ;hrinkage zone.

Casting of Ingots With Closed Shrinkage 77134
Cavity SOV/148-59-9-4/22
I
liquid metal in the core). The third method is based
on the principle of external cooling of metal (Fig.
6).
2
3
Fig. 6. A schematic diagram of ouring Ingots by the
third method: (1) metal lid; (2~ mold; M ingot.
The pouring of ingots (method 10 with immersion of
metal plates into liquid inetal plates Into liquid
metal, in most cases assures a good sealing of the
Card 5/6 cavity but there is always a possibility of flaw

Casting of Ingots With Closed ShrinkacL- 7713,4
Cavity PJOV/148 -c 9-9-4'/22
formation on the perlphe-ry of' the plate. Therefore,
all the methods of ingot pouring with closed shrinkage
cavity based on the formation of the crust (over the
cavity), which Is not thickened later on, are not
reliable. For improved %-,,elding, the ingot Is cavity
should be as narrow as possible and not, cone entra ted.
The author fa-,,ors the Idea cf cast-Inir the iziCOts
two shrinka6e cavitiesopen and closed. The upper
portion of the cavity is open and subject to o.xldation
and, during hot working by the forces of pressure, does
not weld. The rolled parL of this portion of in-.-ot
Poes into scrap. The lower p,)rt of the cavity in the
ing-ot is well _*,~;ulu~,,,u frori the atmosphere and v;elds
well. The outpout; of z;ound metal .-lith this method is
considerably high,.~r than with the others. It is recom-
mended to continuc the inve:ftigation of a possibility
of instillation of this method in the Induot-rial prac-
tice. There are 8 flLvires; and 5 Soviet references.
_,Ical jn.;titute (Sibirskiy metallur-
ASSOCIATION: Siberian Metalltirf,
giche.;kiy ins-titut)
SUBMITTED: January 19, 1959 Card 6/6

VISIINYAKOV, A.V latnd.tekhn.nank, dotnont; VOINOV, S.G.. knnd.tekhn.nank;
Inzh.
Changes in impurity incluaion In metals between furnace and
mold. Izv.vys.ncheb.zav.; chern.mat. no.6:47-53 Je '58.
(MIRA 12:8)
1. Sibirskiy metallijrgicheskiy Institut, TSentrallnyy nauchno-
iseledovatellakty Institut chernoy matalliirgit I Kuznetakiy
metallurgicheski.v kombinat. Rekomendovano kafedroy elektro-
metallurgii stali I ferrosplavov Sibirskogo metallurgichoskogo
instituta.
(Steel--Defects)

"' TZSHMKOvg'A.T.g kand. tekhn. nauk, dots,
' -
Iziareasing the output of usable steel fromineots. Ity. yrs.
ucheb. zav.-, chern. mt. no.4:55-59 Ap 158. NM 11:6)
1. Sibirskly metallurgicheekly institut,
(Steel 113gots)

-VISffNj'~Knv,7A.-v.
Raschet na prochnost', na vibratsiiu i opredelenic krutiashchego wraenta ot tsentro-
bezhnykh sil serii metallicheskikh vintov. (Tekhnika vozdushnogo flota, 1?37, v-11,
no-4. p.27-47, diagrs.)
Title tr.: Stress analysis, vibration characteristics and the couple required to
vary the pitch of a family of metal propellers.
TL504.T4 1937
SO: Aeronautical Sciences and Aviation in the Soviet Union, Library of Congress,
1955.

L 18763-66 DIT(WDIP(t) IJP(c) JD
ACC NR: AP6003771 SCURCE CODE: UR/0181/66/008/001/0115/0119
AUTHORS: Bundelf A. A.; Vishn dkov, A. V.
ya
ORG: Moscow Chemical Technology InsiTt-d-C91-rii. D.'I. Mendeleye
(Moskovskiy khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy institut)
TITLE: Supersaturated solid solutions of Cu,,S in ZnS and their q)
luminescence properties
SOURCE: Fizika tverdogo tela, v. 8, no. 1, 1966, 115-119
TOPIC TAGS: solid solution, copper compound, zinc compound, optic
material, luminescence, luminor, optic activ4-ty, luminescence center
ABSTRACV: This is a continuation of earlier work (Abstrdet, Doctorall
Dissertution, Moscow State Univ., 1956) dealing with tte luminescence!
properties of zinc-sulfide luminors activated with copper, and Is i
devoted to a study of the Influence of low-temperature annealing on. i
the luminescence spectra of rapidly quenched luminorE.as a function
of the activator concentration ZnS.Cu luminors with concentrations
LCard_ J/2,.

L 18763-66
~ACC NR: AP6003771
5 x 10-4, 1 X 10-3j 2 x 10-3 and 4 x 10-3 g Cu/g ZnS were tested,
The preparation and quenching of the material a~e described. The 1u
minescence was excited with a 365 nm line and measured with a
monochromator (UM-2), a photomul-tiplier (FE-1U) and a galvanometer.
With increasing quenching time, the lumine3cence color changed sue-
from green to yellow to red to blue. The maximum of the
lluminescence spectrum also shifted towards longer wavelengths with ln~
,creasing activator concentration. The results are interpreted as i
!being due to a close interconnection between the luminescence aeinters,l
especially those responsible for the yellow and red luminescence, withl
Ithe segregation of copper and formation of Guirtier-Preston bands,
land with other processes preceding and accompanying the decay of the
',solid solution. Orig. art. has: 4 figures.
ISUB CODE: 20/ SU13M DATE: 03qul65/ ORIG REF: 003/ OTH REF: 009
Card

VISMAKOV. A.Z.
Punching die with an automatic floating cutting blade. TraIrt.i
sellkhosmsh. 30 no.2:45-46 7 160. (KIRA 13:5)
1. Rostsellmeb.
(Punching vachinory)

VISr:NYAKOV.,, A.Z.
Consecutive action stamping die for the manufacture of parts
with curling. KtLz.-shtam. Proizv. 1 w.8:45-" ~Ag ( 059.
MfRA 12:12)
(Metalworking machinery)

,,,VISM-AKOV,A.Z.,Inzh.
Selecting optium gaps for punching machinery partefrom heated metal.
Trakt. I selikhossash. 30 no.7:43-44 J1160. (MINA 13:10)
(Notalwork)

A N-Ri JC6 [0-0 - -Vi- 7_1
cc-- -AP?oo2466_--_-__' SOURCE 60DEt UR10363 V0 12 /ii3 2f6
AUTHORS Vishnyakov B. A.; Osipovp K. A.; C+.opkov, P, Ps
ORGI Institute of Metallurgy im. A. A. Baykov, Academy of Sciencest SSSR (Institut
metallurgii Akademii nauk SSSR)
TITLE1 Study of the deposition of tin and silicon films from their organic compounds
under the influence of an electron beam
SOURCES AN SSSR. Izvestiya. Neorganicheskiye materialyl v. 2, no. 12, i966t 2234-
2236
TOPIC TAGSt tin, siliconp metal deposition, electron boam., silanep organotin com-
pound
ABSTRACTS A recently develoDed method of depositing thin films by decomposing organic"
compounds subjected to electron bombardment was tested on tetraothyltin and tetrapro-~
pyliin (for deDositing tin) and triethylvinylsilane (for depositing silicon), and the!
factors affecting the growth rate of the silicon film were studind. lbo docomposition,
of triethylvinylailano molecules was studied in particular detail. It was found that
the growth rate of the silicon film during 5 hr changedlinearly with time. At sub-
strate temperatures of 135-2000C, the growth rate also varied linearly with changing
current density of the electron beam. The growth rate decreased with rising substrate'
temperature and was ind"ndent, of the electron energy. A linear relationship was ob-
UDC1 621

ACC NRs AP70OZ4,06
served between the vapor pressure in the chamber and the growth rate of the film.
The electric resistance of silicon films obtained under various conditions was meas-
ured. (Yrig. art. has$ 2 figures, I table and 4 formulas.
SUB CODES 07911/ SUBM W29i 16Nov63/ PrH Wi 005
2

77777~~~&3~000 ~001/ 00-Z/035
--=-]x 7'iw
:~AUTHORs Viahnyakoy A. and Popov, k, T.
INTLE: Electron gun with tantalum cathode
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnall Blektronika i yeye primeneniye,
no. 1, 1963, 8-9l abutract 1A 32 (in collection: "El-
ektrom.--uakor-i-t-elii.-Tomak,__Tomakyy un-t, 1961,
203-207-
TBXT:- Electron - guns (G)-in experimental assemblies necessitate
the Use of cathodes (C) with good emission ability, whose longevity'!
does not depend on the operational vacuum of the system. The-C
should allow for a large number of disturbances in the hermetic
closure of assembly. In consequence, oxide 0 are not as good for
these purposes as are metal, particularly tantalum, 0. Foils of
tantalum are easily worked and hence a or any configration can be
made. The'emissivity of tantq~lum at 2400001 is >2A/cm and vapor
pressure does not exceed 10-0 mm Hg. The 0 is best heated by bom-
barding it with an electron beam from an auxiliary heater G, for
Card 1/3

0/00
8/275/63/60 1
Electron gun wi th 11459/D308
-1j,
ins uance fr om a radially diapoaed tungsten epiral around the a
(made from a %iire of 0.-1 mm diameter). It should be noted that
C is heated by bombardment with an electron beam, the inter-
~~`ieleotrode capacity decreases considerably arid this is important
operating with short pulses. Schematic drawings are given of
1-1,.,two electron G whose parameters are 'alike: the shapes of G and elGc"'
.:_,;!~trodes have been oalculated, but the;fina.L shape of G electrodGI3
i,has been chosen experimentally. Photographs of both G are shown.
~The general G with tantalum 0 operates at the voltage of 70 kV,
!;.,:with current impulses of 1 A (2/usec-long). The heater G has the
';~-:Working voltage of 4. kV and constant carrent of 0.1 A. The me-
thod of fixing the t talum disc to the electrode is interestiag;
this is done through n inte.-mediate ring while stretchers made of
tantalum strips 0.1 mm thick, are point-soldered to the ring and
the disc. This ensures small heat escape to external fixtures. The
,TC are beat prepared of strips of tantalum 1 mm thick. Thid secures
f rm heating of C and large thermal inartia of the system, which~
C Uni 0
in turn enables us to obtain high emiusion atability of a general
lectron G. without the need for special stithilization of incandes-1
dard 2/3

6;3/D3
Electron gun with ... A
08
cence and of heating with auxiliary G. The G electrodes were pre-
pared of steel, nickel and copper. The anade is of copper in order
to improve heat dissipation.'The edges of electrodes are rounded
band polished. Internal elements of G can operate without necessarily
cooling them. Heat is conducted to the body which io water- or air-
cooled. The principal circuit of G is shown. The heater circuit
contains a rectifier to suppress undesirable electron emission from
.---the back.of tantalum G. 2 references, Z-Abotracter's note: Com-
Plete translation.

ACC NRiAP7005892 --- SOURCE COD13.
AUTHOR: Vishnyakovp B. A.; Osipov, K. A.
;ORO: Instit' te of metallurgy im,
Imetallurgii N SSSR)
ITITLE: Deposition of molybdenum
1hexacarbonyl under the action of
ua-/0181/C6/008/012/3706/3708--~1
SSR (Inatitut
A. A. Baykova AN S
carbide films from molybdenum
the electron beam
SOURCE: Fizilca tverdogo tela, vo 8 'no, 12, 1966, 37o6-3708
4. cc C - -4 V, - C,-*-
TOPIC TAGS: thin film.4,molybdenum Lc_rbide
,yfv*atw vapor deposition, f&W_Svw.,W%- re"y-U-44-m electric
vanadium aaa'U"e.
ABSTRACT: Molybdenum-carbide films, 1100-8800 1 thick, were made by vapor deposi-
tion of molybdenum hexacarbonyl molecules (MO(COW on a quartz or a
mica-coated glass substrate at -30, -25, -15,.-5, +5 and +10*C, in a
vacuum of 2-10-6 = Hg. A stream of Mo(Co)~ molecules was directed onto
the substrate simultaneously with the electPon beam at a current density
of 0.3-1.5 pamp/cm2 and an accelerating voltage of 250-*600 v. The film
2 UDC: none
- ----------------------

~'ACCNR,
growth rate was found to increase lineirly with time and current density.
The experimental data on the film growth rate agreed satisfactorily with
the theoretical, The electric resistivity Of the obtained MoC films
varied f rom 180 to 29,300 oWcm2. Orig. art , hae t 1 f igcre and
I table. [MSI
SUB CODE -:20, 11 SUBM DATE: l5jul66/ ATD PRESS', 5117
Cafd 2/ 2

CHELNOKOV I. I., doktor tgkhn. nauk, prof.; YL~JWAXaV,-JLI-, Inzh. ;
6ARhU?,OV, VJ4. , Inzh. ; F-STLING, A, A., kand, tekhn. nauk;
DOWTOV, A.A., kand. tekhn. nauk, rvtirensentj SARANTSEV,
YU.S., inzh., red.; IISENKO, L.A., tekhno red.
[Vibration dampers for railroad cars] Gasiteli kolebanii va-
gonov. (By] I.I.Chelnokov i dr. Moskva, Transzheldorizdat,
1963. 175 p. (MIRA 16:5)
(Railroads-Cara-Vibration) (Damping (Mechanics))

VISMAKOV, Me, inzh,,; ESTLING, A.A.., inzb.
~O -
Methods 6f testing vibration dampers for passenger cars. Sbor.
trud.LIIZHT no.183:69-94 162, (MIRA 16s2)
(Damping (Mechanics)) (Railroads-Passenger cars-Vibration)

Expe7,j-o--nr-e !n Ih,! ct hid.-aulic vibration daqp,,~:-e
of t~e cen',.r5l stiige of paagenger car Buopension. Sbor.
,Ud. 17TZMT no.21'~~1412-159 164.
t- i_ ~.- L (~CRA 17,12)

VISRNTAKOV, B.I., inzh.
Effect of the wear of the parts of the wheel turning lathe on
wheel eccentricity. Sbor.trud. LJIZHT no.197.-71-86 162.
(IUFU 16:8)
(Car wheels-Teating)

- VISHNYAKOV, B. I.
Supplements to the standard for wheel pairs of railroad
care. Standurtisat-eiia, 24 no.6:28-30 Je 160.
(MIRA 13:7)
(Car wbeele-Standards)

BEZTSFIRTYY, Viktor Ivanavich, Inzh.; PETROV, Vasiliy Afannslyovich, kand.
tekhn. nauk; SAKWOV, Mikhail Borisovich, inzh..; TUROVTSEV, Va-
siliy Ivanovich, kand. tekhn. nauk. Prinimal uchastiye CMUIYSHEV,
P.N.., inzh.; XHUDOKORMOVY V.I.., inzh., retsemzent; EVIN, G.D., lnzh.,
reteenzent; DERGACH, Ye.S., inzh., retsenzent; GROKHOLISKIY, N.F.,
kand. tekhn. nauk, retsenzent; EIKOLAYEV, K.I., kand. tekhn. nauk,
retsenzent; %URAGDOVj G.I., kand. tekhn. niuk, retsenzent; ZOLOTNI-
xov~ I.M., kand. tekhn. nauk, retsenzent; :USHNYAKOV,_B.I., aspirant,
retsenzent; ARSHINOV, 1.1J., inzh., red.; MEDVEDEVA, MA., tekhn. red.
(Car repa5ring at factories] Hemont vagonov na zavodakh. By V.I.Bez-
tsennyi i dr. Moskvaq Vees.izdatellsko-poligr. ob"edinenie M-va pu-
tei soobshcheniia, 1961. 363 p. (MIRA 14:12)
1. Kafedra "Vagony i vaggonmye khozyaystvoll Leningradskogo instituta.
inzhenerov zhelesnodorozhnogo transporta (for Grokhol'skly, Nikolayev,,
Smaragdov, Zolotnikov)
(Railroads-Cars--Maintenance and repair)

VISMAJOV, B.1.0 insh. (Ioningrad)
Using vinyl plastics in railroad trans;ortation. Zhel. dor.
transp. 41 no.5:64-66 My 159. (KIM 12: 7)
compounds)
(Vinyl
(Railroads-Squipsient and supplies)

VISMIYAKOV, B,I., inzh.
Iffect of the rigidity of the wheel lathe on the cachining precision
of the roller face of wheel flanges. Stor. LIIZHT no.168:221-230
16o. (MIRA 13: 10)
(Car wheele)

CHELNOKOV, I.1.,, dr. tt~khn. nauk, prof., VjS111N',YAr---,Vj B.I., kand. tekhn.
nauk; VAFAVfi., V.I., kand. inzh.;
SMIRYKIN, L.'L.,
Test be-e!h for the vibration dampers of railroad vehicles.
Sbor. trud. LT1ZHT no.219'i160-170 '64. (YjRA 17-12)

8/030/63/000/001/008/013
B117/B186
AUTHOR3 Vishnyakov, B. S.
TITLEs Discuscion'of scientific problems of modern technology (Joint
session of the otdoleniy tekhniobeskikh nauk Akademii nauk
SSSR (Departments of Technical Sciences of the Academy of
Sciences USSR) i Akademii nauk Ukr;inskoy SSR.(and of the
Academy Sciences Ukrainakaya 65
PERIODICALt Akademiya nauk SSBR. Vestnikt no. It 1963, 114 - 117
TBXTi The Joint session held in Xiyev from October 29"to November Is, 1962
by the Departments of Technical Sciences of the All-Union siad the Ukrainian
Academies of Sciences was attended by more th 'an 800 scientists of various
spatial f Lelds. The work was divided into plarutry meetings and foar sec-
tions (power engiiieeringi mechanics and automationj mining'I metalluawl.'a-
Surveys of actual. probleins were given at the plenary meetings. Acadex OUn
Do YA. Patopt President of the Academy of Sclenoss UkrSSRO opened the seaWon
and stressed the Importance of science to Communism 'and, the necessity for.
closer.contects between theory and practice. Acadenician-A'. A.'131agoixrevov.
Onalyned the present state of the principal toohnical fields paying special

31030163100010011008/0
Discussion of.scientific-probless.o; B11?/Bt86"
~ettemtiqn to 'thicrstlc~al,probl one i - GR V. Samikonov, Corresponding Member AS
UkrSSR, reported~ an the.cooperation of the individual Institutes of the, AS
UkrSSE. "tween one aitoth6r,.:and with the Industry and schools of higher
edueatj6ni Acadiejatoian B. Ye. Paton dealt with problems of-eloatric welding
updreporked on'vark d6nejn, this f ield at. the. Ins titut elaktreavarki is.
A -1r
Y
e. ),Patozi (gleetrio, Weldipg, Atiltuto Iftenijee, Oe Paton) conoerning the
'ienVoUneafts-to m;V*h4iAiz* and autonato.welding procoeses, develop-
-ne* weldi" do and'the,c an
of orreoponding Apparatus. Academio'i
No-To 01.0nik6t dealt.wAtl~.8cie4tiflo And,teohnical problems to improve
-pit --sd`N1ng'.qa-,th~ejbjois ~Df, complex mec
open hanisati4n and automation, and
at'.'eased the, aOn6a 0 sportapoe of,this working. method. 1. N. Fmntsevich,,
..JLosdeaIC1Asi.:AS':.YkrSSRt reported on work done by thp Inatitut metallo-
of Powder Uetallurgy and Special
Illoysi) to.'dqv*l6p.'r*f rectory, alloys (bin%ryi ternary, -atid quaternary
a items) 'It4 isittug points isboV6.1700.- 200000. Le-R. Neymeno Correspond.-
Y .0
I" Member 'roblems of electrical engineering and re'--
P
conmondeA that nev briao"hesi'should bG OCt up in schools of higher education
to train I iota A. 11 Iyushin, -Corre6ponding Xember AS USSR, Te-',
viewed-the main trends in the-res'earoh of strength and plasticity of
"atetials. A. V.- Xavaleako, Academician 'A9 UkrSSH, reported on wort- done
card 2/5

23/0 3 q/6 3/OoO/OO 1/008/0 1
Discussion of scientific probleaw ... BI WB186
in the technical theory of plasticity! Seotion "power Onginsering"s
V* Se Kulebaking Academiolang and V. A. Venikov, Doctor of Technical ScierAw,
delivered ah eagerly discussed report on how idoreased frequency *~fsats the
basic parameters of electric systems. Profossor 1. M. Postnikoy reported
theoretical and experimental work on the direct trinsformatiolft of beat'into
electricity by magnotohydrodynamic generators. M. V. Kostenka, 046rr*#.ipondis%g
Member AS USSRt spoke about long-:diatanoe linee for extra-high a-o voltagen.
D. A. Zavalishin, Corresponding Member A3 Xr,23Rj, spoke about exciting systeso
for* large synchronous machines. I. L. Povkb, Corresponding Membar AS Ukr3SH,
about the application of electromagnetic hydrodynamics to technology.
0. A. Kremnev, Doctor of Technical Sciences, spoke about the possit1lity. of
using geothermic heat. Section Naechani,.~.~ 74nd autonatiou"s
A*. A. II Iyushin, Corresponding Mpmber AS 6o:iR, spolct about the inelastic,
stability of thin-walled constructions# S, Ve Seremeng Academician AS
UkrSSRp dealt with problems of estimating reserves of strength. A. 1. Luitlyet
Corresponding MemberAS USSR* dealt sith problems of optialsation In '
m'echanics. A.,0. Ivakhnenkop Corresponding Member AS UkrSSR, spoke &bout
control principles of complex self-idstructing systerts. M. A. Ays*rmaa#
Doctor of Technical Scienceaq spo)re about the technoloir. of automatic
pneumatic printers and now possibillties of pne.umatia automation. Saa.tton
Caid 3/5

8/03 63/000/001/008/913
Disaussion -of scientific problems... B t 17%186
"mining"s No It AgoshkOvt Corresponding,Member AS USSR* ropOrt~d 04 im-
~vestigation results o *btained during undergrou 'nd workings In &he Krivay Beg.
Basin, Go I* Manfkovskiyg Corresponding Uember AS USSR# reported on
methods of- solving, problems of rook f reezIng, particularly on the complex
method of 'calculating frost walls developed at the Inititut jorpogo OU
-1m.- A., A.' Skochinskago (Mining Institute Imuni A. A. Dk4bbinekly)o
1.' No Plakein, Corresponding Member AS USSR* ap6k* about problem of
dressing mineral rtaources# particularI7 iron or* and'ooali and about the
complex use of ores from -the Ukrainian SSH. - X. 1. Tatomirg Corresponding
Member AS UkrSSH, .' ap6k* about soientif ic f undazenials of working at great
depth*. 5. So.Polyskovt' Corresponding Member 13 UkrSSR# spoke about results
of invostigation.18 th&.-%4phnoloj7 of.ore mining. K. So Doriseako,
06rresponding. Member AS UkrSSR, spoke about the Increasing efficiency of
-pneumatic power *in mining* Seotion "metallurgy"t, L. 9, Pedoreboako#
Academician At UkrSSR dealt nith possibilities and problems of powder
metallurgy in 4eveloping.new materials. A. 1. Tselikovq Corresponding,
:Xeab6r AS LOSRp spoke about scientific research problems in developing mew
metallurgical equipment. - Z. 1, Nekrasovt Academician AS UkrSSXp spoke -
about theoretical fundamentals and praoticai results in the operation of
blast furnaces with combined blowing eyetew. Do I. Qhishikov, Correspondift
Card 4/5

3/030/63/000/001/008/013
.DisoussioA of scientific problems... Bill/B186
Member AS USSR p reported -on now methods of producing and prooemaing heavy
nonf irrous inetale's' X., K. Khrenov g Corresponding ***bar AS USSR# s&k*
about problems of cold welding of metals. The subjects mentioned In this
article form only part of the reports delivered at the session. - The final
.'.~-plenary.meeting established the basic trends of scientific r*soarch# listed
~.the main problems connected with production and technical progrea4, &a4
suggested mdasuree for training specialists.

FOMIN, A.A.; _T~gHUAJKQ~, P.S.; FROKHOFOV, V.P.j- KHAYEV., V.M.;
SHVEDSKIY, A.I.; ORLIN, A.S.,, doktor tekhn. nauk, prof.,
retsenzent; VASILOYEVA, N.G., inzh., red,
(Modern tractor diesel engines; atlas of designs] Foy-
remennye traktornye dizeli; atlas konstruktaii. Moskva,
Mashgis, 1963. 232 p. (MIRA 16:12)
(Tractors-Bngines)

0 to
,
1 JIM315 xJYMPI Alit 101 It m a v v is P

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1 -~q o

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-00
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00 Heat-resid-t 01"1s lot $team -=tured. boilers and
b1b.presintre loam hats.
1,-
Ile -00
00
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;
i-00
1937. 1, 4017-18~Thc tesistance (A stctis (Lw stich I&---
00 to beat and tactwia-ion was tested. lti%SUggV%LIJIhAI 94
in Ungland 1.1 15% Cr steck mul 22-Mo7o Ni OUCIS AIV
-00
00 j towd(cor such purposci. Altivitigh Xi ftmims art unfirAtri
00 4 rinSt alm,lid iolitit. with Fir. actreftlick-uNi stecliare wit -00

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- - --*NNNNNW--- --- -
VISHNYAKOV, D. YA.
VISHNYAKOV, D. YA. CA: 37-6536/6
Trudy Vaesoyuz. ?rai. Akad. im. Stalina 1940, No. 2;
Khim. Referat. Zhur. L, No. 7-8, 29 (1941)
The heat capacity of melts.

VTSIDTYAKOV~ D. Ya. Dr. Tech. Sci.
Dissertation- "Properties of Yolten Salts Used in Tank Furnaces." Moscow Order
of the Labor Red Banner Inst. of Steel, imeni I. V. Stalin, 23 Jan h7-
SO: Vechernyaya Moskva, Jan, 190 (Project #17P36)

VISHUYAXOV, D. YA
Vishnyakov, D.Ta. 'Qu9sching liquid.' reprot (Mosk. in-t stali Im. Stalin&)
26, 1948, P. 58-75
SO: U-2888, Letopis Zhurnallnykh Statey. No. 1, 1949

D. "A.
D. Yp.. - "The prpertics o, saj,,-,
Sbornik (14o3T-. in-t 3ta-11 -'m -It.n-lina,~, '7, 1?4?, p. V-6-76,
SO.- U-30/,2-t 11 lltxch 53, (Letonts IZ~-.urn,--l Inyl-h T-Atoy, Mo.

VISWAWV, D.U., professor, doktor.
Nuff"Noww-
Xffect of the speed of quenching after tempering on the mechanical
properties of steel. Sbor.Inst.stali no-31:133-139 '53.(KLRA 9:9)
;'~ - I , . j___ I
f , I V.
1*Kafedra metaiiovedani-ya i termicheskoy o'braSo'tkA.--
(Steel--Testing) (Tempering)

j11SHAIYAK&41o 0- Y-V-
ANOSOT. Pavel Petrovich, 1797-1851.- TOLODINA, 9.1o, redaktor-, BARDrg, 1.1?.,
skmd =1 . redaktor; GM)TSOT. X.T.i ak~Aomik, redaktor; SAKARrY. A.M..
redak-tor; STA$W, B.V., rodaktor; PROKOSHVIF, D.A., doktor tokhni-
chealkikh nauk, radaktor: VISMAXOT, B.T&,, dottor tekhatchaskikh
na*, redaktor; DAV 0,7,--v.-w.-T-dvtw-takhnicheskikh nauk. redaktor;
RAST16AYBY, H.V., kandidat takhnicheskikh nauk, redaktor; SMOKIN,
Tu.N*,, kandidat tekhnichenicikh nauk, radaktor-, HURSIN, I.L. Inshener,
redaktor; ASTAFIYIVA, G.A., takhnicheskly radaktor
[Collected'workel Sobranie sochinsaii. Moskva, Iscl-vo Akadenti nau
sm, 1954,, zo4 p. NLRA 7:10)
1. Chlon-korrespondent AN SSSR (for Samarin, Stark)
(Met&llurA7)

ViSMffAxOV to Nit 6AXJakovlevich; PAISOV, Ivan Vasillyevich; LAKHTIN.
redaktor-, ATTOPOVICH, M.K., takhnicheividy redaktor
(Laborator7 manual for steel and heat treatment of steel] Posobie
k laboratornym zaniatiian po metallovedenitu i termichookoi obra-
botke stali. Moskva, Goo. nauchno-takhn. iud-vo lit-r7 po chernoi
i tovetnoi metallurgit, 1955. 113 P- (K= 8:7)
(Steel)

ALF-Ph-OR.
-U-L-.
IVIS13n Y.0
-Vi-n-11-skly-, A.G., Engineer. 129-4-1/17
TITLE, Wear resistance of carbon and high chromiilm steels. (Isnoso-
stoykost' uglerodistykh i vysokokhromistykh staley.)
PERIODICAL: "Metallovedenie i Obrabotka Metallov" (Metallurgy and Metal
Treatment), 19579 No. 4, pp. 2 - 9 ~U.S.S.R*)
ABSTRACT: Certain problems of the dependence of the wear resistance
of annealed carbon and high chromium steels on their struct-
ure were studied. The chemical composition, hardness and the
initial structure of the investigated carbon steels are given
in Table 1, p.2; the chemical compositions of the investi-
gated chromium steels are given in Table 29 P-3 and their
mechanical characteristics are given in Tdle 41 p.5. The
compositions of the Fe-Cr-C alloys were selected in such a
way that various quantities of a given type of carbide were
obtained for an equal degree of alloying. Dry friction tests
as well as friction tests with an abrasive intermediate layer
were carried out on an Amsler-type machine, using a method -
applicable for open hinges of a track chain. The top speci-
mens, 10 x 10 x 16 mm, were made of the investigated material,
whilst the rolls were made of a Cr-Si steel (1.30 to 1.60c/" Cr
and 1.00 to 1-3W,, Si) hardened and tempered to a hardness of
Card 1/2 Ro = 45 to 48. The diameter of the roll was 36 mm and its

--C-ard--2/2 'Wear resistance of -carbon and- high chromium steels. (Cont.)
129-4-1/17
speed 200 r.p.m. The wear was produced by vertical oscill-
atory movement of the top specimen with a continuous variation
of the specific pressure on the friction surface. In tests
with an abrasive Intermediate leVer the wear intensity was
3 to 9 times as high as the wear in the case of dry s3iding
friction and depends on the composition and the structure of
the steel. Increase of the quantity of the carbides in
carbon and high chromium steels brings about an increase in
their wear resistance and this applies to the tests with an
abrasive intermediate layer and also, in the case of d:ry
friction, for all the structures investigated in the ex~eri-
ments. The influence of the quantity of carbides on the wear
resistance of high chromium steels in the case of tests with
an'abrasive intermediate layer are considerably lower than in
the case of dry sliding friction; for an equal quantity of
carbide and an equal structure of the steel a higher wear
resistance was observed for cubic chromium carbide than for'
steel containing trigonal carbide. In the case of dry sliding
friction ruVI)ing pairs consisting of a high ohromium alloy
with a Cr-Si steel of the above mentioned composition has a
higher wear resistance than carbon steel rubbing pairs.
? figures, including graphs and micro-photos. 4 tables. 5
references, all of which are 43xy4AjW-
ASSOCIATION: Moscow Aviation Technological Institute (Moskovskiy Aviatsionn
yy Tekhnologicheskiy Institut)

AUTHORS: Vishnyai&v D Ya., Doctor of Technical Sciences Prof.
:~& I
and U1 Ild ovoy c1
I V~0;. *S., Candidate of Technical S '~ic
I
TITLE: Pearlitic transformation in chromium steel cloliti-Mg*
niobium. andzjj~conium. (Perlitnoye prevrashcheniye v
khromistoy stali, soderzhashchey niobiy i tsirkoniy).
PERIODICAL:"Metallovedeni,ye i Obrabotka Metallov" (Metallurgy and
Metal Treatment), 1957, No.~, pp.18-21 (U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT: The results are described of experiments relating to
isothermal transformation of the austenite of chromium steels
containing niobium and zirconium. The tests were carried out
by preliminary heating to 1000 C and -sinz an Akulov
"anisometer" and a microstructural metbod md'hlBb by preliminary
heating to 1300 C and using solely a micro~tr*uctural method.
The kinetics of isothermal transformation of the austenite
and the microstructure of its decomposition products proved
analogous for all the investigated alloys. Therefore, the
results are given for only two steels with the following
compositions: 0.35% C, 0.3% Mn, 0.28% Si, 2.15% Cr, 0.25% Nb,
010N S , 0.030% P and 0.37% C, 0 51% Mn, 0.25% Si,
Card 112 2.07% Cr, 0.05% Zr, 0.017% S and O.Oi6% P. On the basis
of the results the authors conclude that during isothermal
transformation of super-cooled austenite of chromiumk steel

Pearlitic transformation in chromium steel containing
niobium, and zirconium. (Cont.) 229-9-5/14
with niobium and zirconium the form of the separated out
pearlite changes in the pearlitic range with increasing
super-cooling below the temperature of the upper bend of
the S-shaped curve and the evolution of acicular pearlite
formations can be observed. In the upper part of the
intermediate range the isothermal transformation of austenite
into acicular troostite does not proceed fully, a certain
fraction of non-transformed austenite remains whicMfter a
certain time,becomes transformed into acicular pear ite.
There are 5 figures (graphs and micro-photographs), and
two German references.
AVAILABLE:
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V I 60 by quenching the specimens from
10000C (Pteel M13) or 950*C (steel Khl7N2). After a heat
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Properties of Carburized X193/z483
treatment consisting of quenching from 1000- 1100*C, cooling to
-60*C and tempering at 1600C, carburized specimens of all the
steel* studied had hardness Re >61. The object of the next
series of experiments was to establish how the mechanical
properties of the core are affected by both the carburizing
process and the subsequent heat treatment. To this and, specimens
of the stools studied were hold at 950*C for 14 to 15 h without -
the application of the carburizing medium. After cooling in air,
the specimens wore anneal*d'at 6500C and used for the preparation
of test pieces which were then subjected to the heat treatment
identical to that applied earlier to the carburized specimens.
The results of mechanical tests carried out on these test pieces
are given in Table 4. The symbols used7 in this table denote the
f0ll0wing3 Ob - U.T.S.; 00.2 - 0.2% proof stroax-;-
6 elongation; (P - reduction in areal aH - impact strength;
RC Rockwell hardness (scale C). The transverse bending
strength of carburixed test pieces, subjected to various heat
treatments, was determined next. It was found that increasing
the quenching temperature from 1000 to 1050% brought about a
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Properties of Carburized ... 9193/9483
decrease in the transverse bending strength ai and deflection f
of carburized steel M131 in the case of steels 2Khl3 and
Khl7N2, only ai was affected in this manner. 1"lis results of
the next series of experimentv are reproduced-in Fig-7, where the
impact strength (7H, kgm/cm2) of steel M13 (left-hand diagram)
and steel Khl7N2 right-hand diagram) is plotted against the
quenching temperature, curves 1 and 2 relating, respectively, to
notched non-carburized and unnotched carburized test pieces. it
will be seen that the impact strength of stoels studied decreases
sharply after carburizing and that it depends (to some extent) on
the properties of the core material. In the next stage of the Ix
investigation, the wear-resistance of carburized and heat-treated
steels was studied with the aid of a Skoda-Savin testing machine.
Cemented carbide grinding wheels were used'in these tests which
were conducted "wet", with a jet of K2CrO4 solution impinging on
the ground portion of the specimen The results are reproduced in
Fig.8, which shows the volume (10-3 mmS) of the metal removed after
500 revs of the grinding wheel from (a) nitrided steel 38XMIOA
(38KhMTUA)l (b) carburized, nitrided'and hardened and tempered
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]Properties of Carburized E193/t483
steel M.13; (c) carbitrized, nitrided and hardened and tempered
steel Khl7N2* The effect 0i various heat tr*atments on the wear-
resistance of carburized test pieces is shown in Fig.9, where the
volume (10-3 mm3) of metal removed after 1000 revs is plotted
against the quenching temperature (9C) for uteel Khl7N2 -
quenched, subjected to sub-zero treatment and tempered (curve 1),
steel Khl7N2 quenched and tempered only (curve 2) and
steel 2Khl3 quenched and tempered (curve 3). Finally, corrosion
tests were carried out on carburized, fully heat-treated, and
polished specimens, immersed for 2 months in kerosene or in tap
water, or for 1 month in artificial sea water. Only in the latterK
case was the evidence of corrosion, confined to a few isolated
Is pots, observed. The following conclusions were reachedi
(1) Stainless steals of the ferritic type can be gas-carburized to
a depth of 0.7 to 0.8 mm by 14 to 15 h troatment at 950*C.
(2) The best combination of mechanical properties can be imparted
to carburized components by the following treatment: oil-quenching
from 1000*C; subzero treatment at -6oOc; tempering at 160*C.
The hardness of the carburized layer after this treatment is
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Properties of Carburized ... E193/E483 VI(
62 to 65 Rc (for all stools studied). The properties oll the core
nre given in Table 7. The properties of carburized specimens after
the optimum treatment are given in Table 8.
(3) The wear-resistance of carburized stainless steels is comparable
to that of nitrided steel 38KhMTuA. Their corrosion resistance
in kerosene and tap water is excellent; in sea water it is
comparable to that of steel XIB M18).
G.A.Slepoy and N.A.Bystrova participated in the experiments.
There are 9 figures and 8 tables.
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