SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT ZHEMCHUZHIN, D.K. - ZHEMCHUZHNIKOV, G.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R002064710015-5
• Release Decision: RIF
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• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 20, 2001
• Sequence Number: 15
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

i
1114EIIIII ldfll 11 IPIV

AUTHOR:
. 1 SOV-118-58-
Zhemchuzhin, D X Engineer 9-6/19
Complex'Mechanization of Repair and Maintenance Operations
in Peat Cutting-Fields;(Kompleksnaya mekhanizatsiya.rabot
po.remontu. i soderzhaniyu poley dobychi frezernogo torfa)
ERIODICALs- Makhanizatsiya trudoyemkikh i tyazhelykh rabot, 1958,
Nr~q, pp 19-21 ~(USSR)
ABSTRACTi During poat.mining operations.*mechanization is carried out
by~new or modernized machinery. The article presents vari-
ous machines used by the Predpriyatiya Lengostorfa (Lengos-
torf enterprises). For the rooting out, the RKSh stubbing
machine with automatic rotor control.is used, kith a produc-
tivity of415.ha per shift. In 1957, at the Torfopredpriy.
atiye'Pel 'gorskoye 0s PellgDtdwye Peat Enterprise), 'the, XS
stubbing machine was introduced, a suspended device mounted
in front of
the,DT-54, with,a mechanized lifting and.lower-
,
ing devicel equipped with a BM-54 winch. By using PX load-
ing cranes and TE-2V excavators, the loading of stubs is
also mechanized. There are 6 photographs.

oduotion 2. Mines--Equipment
Peat--Pr
Card.1/11

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7- R,__ 1PO-167-9 SOURCS CODEs
_/048
UR1007916610361063 O/W3
AUTHOM BlUnkuk, IN K,% Kolojq~yqts. Aa rv;,K~ achap Z* a Lovskaya. Ge S.J.. _11jr
410m_L~". 3 0 Go
ORG All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Phytopathology (VsesoyuWW,nAUchno_
~issledovatellskiy institut fitopatologii)
TiTLE,: Reaction of phenolates with ethylene thlorohydrin awl dia.11VIchloro
phosphates in aquoouo,oolutions.
9i Zhurnal obshchey k1drdi, v- 36, no. 3, 1966, Im-m3
56URC
TOPIC TAGS: phonol, chlorohydrin, phouphate, aqueous solution, chemical ayntJiosis,
reaction rato,chemical kinetics
ABSTRACT- The synthesis of aryloxyothanols and dialkylar-YI i b
)hosDhRtps y
the reaction of phenols 'vr1th ethylono chlorohydrin and dialkylehlorophosphatod
respoctively, in the presence of, aqueous alkmlies was studiod. A ch-zigo In
:-the ordor of mixing, of the reagents was found to vubstantially increa4a the
:Yields of the products. This was achieved by simultaneous synchronoua
addition of the al)W1 -(or aa~!) halido and solutlon of alkali to the phonol 4t,
a temperature sufficient for a relatively rapid reaction. 'Me rata of
addition of the. reagents In each concrete case was regulated so that the
roacting substances would not accumulate in the reaction mixturo during the
Card 1/2, UDC% 542.562:542.951-3/4:546-185-

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BALYATIAT, AnstolV IVanoriehl UMCHMH196 AJ-'I-#JdMIrA*AikTm"NOVi-,---
Lidiya Alek"yevna; 614aAniumut proressor, doktor,# retsenzento,
InOTOTHIKOTO A,K.j professor' doktort reteensent; CMMIOT, A.N.,
rsdaktor; ARKEU OBLIAKAU. M.S., redaktor isdateltstya; ATT.OPOVICK#
&K., takhnlchaskiy rsdaktO
[Pbgroical chimilstry of so luble salts] -'lisichaskaia khizilm rgsplavlez~-
my'kh solvi. Moskva Goi'- muchno-takhnisd-ve lit-rr po ghersoi i
talrettIOL imstallu4ii1o, 195?. 359 P. (MIRA 10:1j)

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8--4--6569
Translation from-, Referativnyy zhurnal, Metaltur8iya, 1958, Nr 4. p 36 (USSR)
AUTHORS:. 'Belyayev,~A.L, Zhemchuzhina, Ye.A., Firsanova, L.A.
TITLE: An Investigation of the Physical Chemical Properties of Alum-
inum Bath Electrolyte Containing Magnesium Fluoride (Is'sle-
dovaniye fiziko-7khimicheskikh svoystv elektrolita alyumi-
niyevykh,.vann,,.soderzhashchego ftoristyy magniy)
PERIODICAL: Sb. nauchn tr. Mosk. in-t tsvetn-met. i zolota i VNITO.
'tsvetn. metallurgii, :1957. Nr 26, pp 143-161
ABSTRACT: MgF depresses the temperature of onset of crystallization
of Na.F+AlFirnelts more than does CaF The rate of-solu-
tion of A1203 in melts containing MgFZ is higher than that of
melts containing CaF2. MgF2 increases the wetting angle of
coal by Na F+AlF3 melts more than does Ca F2. The critical
D of melts of NaF+AlF3 with added MgF2 is greater.than the
critical D of the same melts containing CaF. Losses of At in
melts of NaF+AlF with added MgFZ are smaller than the
losses of At in me?ts with added CaF?. When direct current is
Card I/Z superimposed, the losses depend upon the Dk, while wheti

5_ --------
AUTHOR; Belyaev, A.I., Zhemchuzhinal B.A. and Firsanova, 14-A.
TI(I; Tests of magnesium fluor-i-d-57-asi-a-bomponent ~3&uz_
bath electrolyte. .(Ispytaniya.ftoristogo magaiya kak kom-
ponenta elektrolita alyuminievykh vann.)
PEMODIOALt "Tovetwe Mslal3sll (Non-ferrous Metals), 1957, No-5,
pp. 70 - 74 (U.S.S.Re)
ABSTRACT: -In the first section of this work laboratory experiments
to elucidate the joint influence of magnesium and calcium ,
fluorides on the properties of alum-inium-bath electrolyte are
described. The results are shown graphically as-s. fusion .
diagram for the quasi-binary systems- [2.5 NaF.AIF 5 wt %
CaF. + 5 wt; % MgF21 Al 0 - as a graph showing Ne+ infl-
P ~Sq
uence of magnesite calcininj temperature on thg rate of its
solution in cryolite-malts at 1 000 and 1-020 C; and as
plots of solubility of aluminium in the electrolyte, solubil-
ity,of alumina angle of wettingg conductivity, densit7 and
The lab-
melting point against the weight % of CaF. and MgF2
oratory results indicate electrolytes should contain 6,95 7%-
Card 1/2 MgF for a total content of the fluoride of up to 10 wt a
suifable cryolite ratio being 2*5 - 2*6. The second part of
the paper deals with full scale tests of magaesium-fluoride

Tests of magnesium fluoride as a component ofjgumijum-bath
electrolyte. (Cont.) _5_n 14
containing electrolytesq started at the Ural Aluminium Works
(Uralskom Alyaminievom Zavode) in 1955 and is still continuing.
These tests have shown the following favourable effects of
MgF2 additionsi increased 7iold with reapeat to current and
energy; a lower bath working temperature; decreased consump-
tion of anodic material; higher CO content in the anodic
gases; lower consumption of alum!~~ fluoride; better oper-
ating conditions and improved working of the bath. Reasons for
these effects are discussed and it is noted that favourable
effects have also been obtained at aluminium. works in Czecho-
slovakia and at Fushun in China (Chu Tzu Sen. "Influence of
magnesium fluoride on the electrolysis of cryolite-alumina
Card, 2/2 melts". Dissertation, Malden, 1956.). At the latter workal
sixteen M02-eOntaining baths are working at the present time.
Thexe are 7 references, 5 of which are Slavic.
ASSOCIATION:'Mintovetm6tzoloto.
AVA ITA BM

?,M'H - Tj:ll~idlro-vioh-PAT(N- ;-Yes-.-otvi-rediv;-ASNISp~-.
!4--MIKOT, .-ev-rdy~ --' _--- , , B
AiYe,, red,; NAZIMIROT, kA.-,-red,; MMTAR, B.I,,, red,;

180)
'ITHORSz Belyayev, A. ~.I.
aAmchxztjaAL_j!:~ SOV/1 63-58-4-16/47
TITLEs 'Investigation of the Leaching of North Ural,Bauxites by
Highly Concentrated Caustic Soda Solutions at Atmospheric
Pressure (Isslsdovaniye vyphchelachivaniya severourallskikh
boksitovlvysokokoritwntrirovannymi rastvorami yedkogo natra
pri atmosfernom davlenii)
PERIODICALs. Nauchnyye doklady vysshey shkoly. Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 4t
PP 94 100 (USSR)
ABSTRACTs This investigation concerned the intensification of bauxite
leaching by increasing the concentration of the alkaline
..solution and by Increasing the boiling temperature under
atmospheric pressure. The investigation also concerned the
possibility of decomposing North Ural bauxites by melted
caustic soda (with a subsequent leaching of the agglomerate
-formed by boiling watar)v as well as decomposition of the
same bauxites by concentrated solutions of caustic soda at
different temperatures and atmospheric pressure, The North
Ural bauxites investigated had the following compositions
57.6% Al20V 18.96% Fe 20 3' 6.24% S102 2-306 TiO 2 remainder
card 1/3

Investigation of the Leaching of North Ural sov/163-58-4-16147
'Bauxites by Highly Conoontrated,Caustio.Boda
Solutions at Atmospheric Pressure
-13-8%. The mineralogical composition was determined by
means of thermal and X-ray structure analyses. The outputs
of aluminum.oxide Poreases with the rise of temperature and
reaohes.82% at 450 . The endothermic effect of the dehydra-
tion of diaspores (a hydrous aluminum oxide) contained in red
mud due to the incomplete decomposition of the bauxite dec-
reases with the rise of temperature. The maximum end8thermic
0
effect is observed at 350 P it is mu8h smaller at 400 and
disappears oomplately.at 450 and 500 . The endothermia effect
of the dehydration of sodium aluminum silicate inoreassap
however, with the rise of temperature (temperature of the
interaotion'between the bauxite and the melted caustic soda).
.(The sodium aluminum silicate is formed at the.leaching of
the bauxite.)- To investigate the influence of temperature on
the leaching of North Ural bauxite at atmospheric preseure,
ooncentratod caustic soda solutions with high boiling points
were used. The data obtained show that temperature has an
essential influence,on the output of the aluminum oxide Al 03
Card 2/3 2

11

80 (5)
AUTHORSs Zhemchuj;hjn&#.~~. j Belysyevt A. 1. SOV/163-59-2-10/48
TITLE: The Influence of the Ratio of CaF and VgF to Cryolite on the.
2 2
Solution Rate.of-r- and in Cryolite Melts (Vliyaniye
OC-A1203
kriolitovogo ot.nosheniya CaP i MgF na skorost, rastvoreniya
2
Y- i cL-A'203 v kriolitovykh rasplavakh)
PERIODICALt Nauchnyye doklady'vysshey shkoly.~Metallurgiya, 19590
Afr 2, pp,-56-6o (USSR)
~ABSTRACT's The,Polution rate of and ot-Al 0 In pure NaF+AlF mslts~wae
2 3 3,
investigated andthe results are given in figure 1. Results
show that is more quickly solved in the NaF+AlF melt
T'A'203
than K-Al 203. The solution rate of as well as of o(PAl 0'
2 3
rises with the increase of the cryolite ratio. The solution
rate of Y-A'203 in malts with different oryolite.conoentrations'
and changing ratio between CaP 2 and MgF. was investigated and
Card 1/2 the results are given in figure 2. From the course of the

--,soon%
The Influenceof the Ratio of CaP and Mg.F2 to
Cryolite.on the,Solution Rate of and c&-Al 0 in Cryolite Melts
2
curve s it is eoncluded thatrAl 203 is solved more quickly in
melts with higher.VgF -content (Fig 3). The'solution rateof
2
%,-A1 0 in melts with different cryolite ratio and changing
213
ratio-between KgF2 and CaF 2 was investigated (Fig 4), The
solution. rate of, Ot-Al 0 changes only inconsidera'bly in the
2 3
case of-& change*In the cryolite ratio and in the presence of
and,magnesium fluorides. The solution rate of
is higher than that.of ot-Al 0 in the presenoeof.
V1203 2 3
119F2 and CaF2'in pure NaF+AlF2_melts. There are 5 figures and
6 ref erenoes 4 of which are Soviet, I Erglish and I HungftriM-
ASSOCIATIONs. Uoskovskiy institut tsvetnykh metallov i zolota (Moscow
Institute of Nonferrous Metals and,Gold)
PRESENTED: July 31t 1958
Card,2/2

18(4) SOV1163-59-2-11148
-AUTHORS: Zhemchuzhina Ye,,A., :Belyayevt A. I*
ITLE.-
-2
Investigation of.the-Losses of Magnesium in Its Eleottolyti
Production seledovanlye potorf magniya pri yago elektro-
liticheskom poluchenii)-
PERIODICAL~:, Nauobiiyye.doklady vyashey shkoly. Metallurgiya, 1959s Nr 2,
(USSR)

'ABSTRACT a rule the yield.of magnesium in its electrolytic produe-
.
fion is
85%. The loss*of 15% is caused by secondary pr
ocessess
The -influences of, the following factors.are investigated:
~1) Reaction between magnesium and electrolyte. 2) Oxidation
by atmospheric oxygen on the surface of the ellictrolyte.
3),Reaction with chlorineq and 4) influence of the applied
potential#,'The reaction between magnesium and the electrolyte
and atmospheric oxygen was investigated by placing magnesium
rode weighing 5.g into the salt melt. The loss of magnesium
in percent by weight was ascertained after 1 :hour. By re-
posting the experiment in argon atmosphere, the fraction of
the.oxid.ation by atmospheric oxygen could be determined as a
difference. Figure I shows the dependence of -the magnesium
Card 1/2 lose on the sodium chloride content of the melt,and the

Soyl163-5,9-2-11148
Investigation of the Losseo-of.Magnesium in' Its Eleotrolytic Production
fraction falling to the oxidation. The reaction: Mg+2NaCliMgCl 2
+ 2Na is indioated as a cause of the losses in sodium-obloride
melt. The influence ofthe chlorine settling on the anode was
investigated..~y.the blowing through of chlorine. Figure.2
shows,that the magnesium lose by the reaction with chlorine is
proportional to the current velocity of the chlorine. Figure 3.
shows the influence.of the cathode potential on the magnesium
The terminal voltage was varied between 0.01 and 3-0 v-
The maximum loes lies at O-5v. This maximum corresponds to
the beginning discharge of monovalent Mgt-ions on the cathode.
At 2.8,v,tbe decomposition volta e of the magnesium chlori4e,
the losses,only amounted to 0.12;. There are 3 figures..,
ASSOCIATION: Moskovskiy inatitut tsvetnykh metallov i zolota
(Moscow,Institute
-for Nonferrous Metals and Gold)
SUBMITTED: June 160, 1958
Card 2/2

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5.46ou,'i8.3000
sov/Ag-6o- i - 13/2--,
AUTHORS: B(,-Iyayev, A. I.,

-TITLE.- Investigation of Effect of' Graphite and Salt Additives
on Quality of.Anode Maus
~PERIODICAL: ~Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenly. Tavetnaya
metallurgiya, 196o, Nr 1, PP (USSR)
.-ABSTRACT: Graphite, (natural and artIfIcIal), NaCI, NaF f AIF
3
(in molar ratio 4:1), and a salt mixture (60%
BaCl + 40% NaCl) were compounded with coke (coal or
2
petroleum) and binder (pitch),, and baked and tosted
for electrical conductivity, mechanical strength,
cruInblin?;, and oxidation. The results are shown in
Figs. 1-4, The authors note that the reslstivLty-of
anodes at room temperature clecrear3es with salt additions
since at room temperatures, these Salt8 are solid.
When fused and highly conductive .(as duping the actual
.Card 116 electrolysis) the resistivity will be even lower. The

Investigation of Effect.of Graphite 77724
and Salt Additives on Quality,of Anode sov/1 49 -6o- 1 -1 3r?-7
,mass
crumbling test was carried out by heating specimen to
1,000 for one hour and wei umbled portion.
gh ing the cr
At the r3ame time the oxidation of samples was deter-
inined by establishing their weight loss. The authors
-conclude that for better conductivity and lower
oxidation rate, 10%~Artiftclal or natural graphite.
should be added.to the dry weight.of the anode mass.
The collaboration of-V. A. Sazhina (senior laboratory
a3sistant) is acknowledged. There are 4 figures.
-ASSOCIATION: Krasnoyarsk Institute of Nonferrous Metals. Chair of
Metallurgy,of Light Metals (Krasnoya,,skiy inztttut
Tsvenykh'metallov. Kafedra metallurglyt legk1kh
metallov)
SUBMITTED APr11 10) 1959
:Pard 2/6

Investigation of Effect of Graphite and 77724
Salt Additives .on Quality of Anode Mass sov/14q_6o-l-l3/27

%V

UV1
LU fij
J, fe 44 V 14S
Fig. 1. Specific electrib realstivity of anode mass
prepared from cokes-, pitch (a) petroleum (b) and

their Mixture (c) versus i .
nfluence of additives:
(1) Nacl; (2) NaP 4- AIP ;
3 (3) artificial graphite;

(4) natural graphite,
(5) BaCl + Nacl.
2
Card 3/6
Ulm"
W
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r'.11 7qj!~
iq

iri
11'Urn 1
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,

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r - . ! t
t z . il : 't I
1 1 '11 ~l ~ ll I i ~ I *- i ~'Il v I I I t
. i t q z - t 4

Invest igat Ion of Ef foot 0 V Goaphite ~-md
Salt Addltive.,i al Quality Ov ATIOd'r;

tj

S/136/60/000/04/011/025
E091/E235
AUTHORS: Belyay6v, A..I.,and,Zhemchuzhina Ye. A
.,,..TITTjE: Properties of, Industrial Lluminium Cell Elecirolytesi
Containing Magnesium. Fluoride
PERIODICAL: Tsvetnyye metalli2.1960, Nr 41 pp 45-48 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The:aim of the investigation was,to determine the most
..important physical and chemical properties of industrial
electrolytes containing magnesium,fluoride and to make.
a comparison between the properties of such electrolytes
and electrolylves not containing magnesium fluoride.
At an aluminium plant working with additions of caustic
magnesite, samples of electrolyte were taken from 44 vats
approximately 1 hour before operation and their fusibility,
density, electrical conductivity and volatilityvere.
tested. The~cryolite ratio of these electrolytes was
2.2,to~2.78 and the MgF2 content was 2.56 to 7.6%. The
average CaF2 content was-3-5 to 4%. The fusibility of
the above-electrolytes,is shown in Tablel. The
temperature at which MgF free electrolytes crystallise
is higher by,approximatei;.30.to 3500 than that of
Card~-l/i+ electrolytes containing MjSF2 (see Table 2). 'The densit
F,:

S/136/60/000/04/011/025
E091/E235
Properties of Industrial"Aluminium. Cell Electrolytes Containing
'Magnesium-Fluoride
-electrolyte samples taken~from the vats and shown n
o
f i
~Table 2 was determined in the molten state by hydrostatic
weighing. No distinct relationship was found to exist
between the density of theelectrolyte, the cryolite ratio
and the MgF2 content4- However, on raising the MgF2
content, the de sity usually increases and this increase
n
may precede the decrease in density of the melt by
lowering the cryolite ratio. At a certain MgF content,
electrolytes with,'a higher cryolite ratio can gave-a
lower density than electrolytes with a lower cryolite
ratio if their MgF content is high (Table, 3, Fig 1) In
2
Table 4 the results of.specifie electrical conductivity
measurements are shown for electrolyte samples from DAZ
vats working with caustic magnesite additions. Fig 2
shows the relationship between specific electrical
conductivity and temperature of electrolytes containing
MgF2. The specific electrical conductivity at 10000C of
electrolytes containing various percentages of MgF2 is
shown in Table 5. The volatility of industrial electro-
Card 2/4 lytes, as well as of synthetic ones', at a constant
114111 W''91r; V.4

E091/E235
Properties,of Industrial Aluminium Cell Electrolytes Containing
.Magnesium Fluoride.
oryolite.,ratio decreases as the MgF2 concentration
increases.. On increasingthe MgF2 frbm:3.5 to 6% the
volatility of the electrolyte decreases noticeably
(Fig 3). 'The authors arrive at the following conclusions:
1 - Electrolytes of industrial aluminium cells containing
M972 have.s. lower, melting point, approximately the same
density and a somewhat lower electrical conductivity
and volatility than those without MgF~; 2 - The following
conditions are favourable for the app ication of MgF2 as
one of the constituents of industrial aluminium electro-r
1,ytes:, cryolite-ratiol- 2.5 to 2.65 and MS-7 0 5 to 5 5%.
Such anelectrolyte crystallises at 930 to L'55'C (i.e.*
9
30 to 350C below the melting point of a similar
electrolytq without MgF2);. it has a density of 2.090 to
2.036 g/cm-?-(i e. practically the same a's a corresponding
electrolyte free frot Mg~?) and an'electrical conductivity
of 1.97 to 2.07 ohm- cur (i.e. lower by 0.16 -to 0.14 ohm-1.
Card, 3/4 am than that of an,analogous electrolyte free from MSF2)-

-ACC --NRi
---AT6022716 -----SOURCE _COD31
-IM/2848/66/000/04i/03i6/0321
AUTIHOHSt Kazakevich, A,.; Zhemchuzhin&0,Ye.__A.
ORG: Moscow Iiatituts for Steel AtA Alloyaq DoWtment for Yamxfftiurs of Pare
&18 WiEvroldy Ina itut stall 1 8
an& Badcond0or Merl A&VOTs Ufeb& PrOis-
yodstva ohistykh metallov i poluprarodulkM& materislor)
:~TlMi Wetting,of high melting metals with a ailver-oopper alloy
SOURCE: Moscow. Institut stali i oplavoro Sborniko no* 41P 1966. FizicheokV&
khimiya'motallurgichookikh protsessov i sistem (Physical chemistry of metallurgical
~Processeo and systems), 316-321
TOPIC TAGSs titaniump niobium, molybdenum, titanium oxide, silver containing salqyp~.
copper.containing alloyt.surface tension
ABSTRkCTr The angle of contact between TR' P?L9. land Nb vand the ai c er alloy
_gpp_
(orate 72% Ag9 28% Cu) was determined. The experimental procedure
otio mixture:
followed that of A. I. Belyayev and Ye. A. Zhomehuzhina (Poverkhnostnyyeyavleniy& v
metallurgicheakikh protsessakhv Notallurgizdat, 1962). The experimental results are
shown graphically (see Fig. 1), The effect of oxide films of different thicknesses on -
the surface of Ti upon the wettability of the latter by the Ag-Cu alloy was also
studied, The specimens were oxidized in air at 800 and 900C for a period of 30t 60,
and 120 min. The results are shown graphically, (gee Fig. 2). It is concluded that
therate of wetting o.f oxide-coated Ti specimens by Ag--Cu. alloy depends, to ooze
:A_ Card 113-

!C--N4R_,-AT602271 -SOUR CE-CODE s- -UR/244_8/ 6/Wq)
A
C
JOTHORt ZheMChUZhinap Yes As
010i Roacow Inotitmte for Steel and Alloys, Department of Hsnufa~tura of Pure Metals
and Semiconductor Materials Wookorekly institut stali I splavorg rafedra prolw*Utu
_.-chistykh metallor. f-poluprovodnikovykh materialov)
L
TITLE: iInvestigation the 1"welding of tungsten4d, d_ mielts of i=9 gold
and pure silver, as well as by, these metZe =oyed with glatinum
41t 1966. Fisicheekays
SOURCE: Moscow. Institut stali i splavov. Sbornik, no
A-himiya, metallurgich4skikh.proteessov i siatem (ftysical chemistry of metallurgical
processes and sYstemab 420-427
-TOPIC TAGS: tungsteng molybdenum, goldp silverp platinum containing alloylaurface
tension
:ABSTRACTs The wetting of solid surfaces of W and:Mo by molten gold and silver and by
molten platinum a=oys of these metals was studied. The cuntact angles were do-
termined by means of the inetaliation shown in Fig. 1. The experimental results are
presented graphio2lly (see Fig. 2). It was found that the.wettability of W and Mo by
the polten metald'and by their Pt alloys followed the following series in the order
or.increaeed wettability
Tungsten
Au -+Au+5%Pt-*A49+J2%
go. after 15, all 0 22') 021') ill I*!- 1211
Card

J

_EWT_(A)/ZWP(Q/ET1 UP(o) 4D
-ACC-NRf_KrOUi6Cj1> WU1CUb - UUM I _: UH/ ZU4U/00JUVU/UL1LL/UJJA/UJ4,!P
AUTHORSs Poliatanskiyp Yu, 0,1 Zherwhushinaj Yeo Asy Baturlin, As Is
"j,
ORGI Moscow liatituto for Steel wA Alloyo, Deportmont for Xanafaoture of Pure,-
Motala vZd Somio a or Mt institut otali I splayoy, Wodra
proizvodetva Wdstykh metallov- I po1uprovodniJcMkh mlaterialov)
TITLEs Synthesis and alloying of lead telluride
V7
SOURGEs Moscowe Institut stali i opUvo Sb -Fisichaska
Vo a no* 41, 1966.
khimiya metallurgicheskikh protsommovi, mists* (Physical chemistry of metallurgical
Ms
processes and syste 311-315
TOPIG TAGS#- lead containing alloyp tellurium containing allojr,, sodium containing.
aUoyg.somiconductivity
nt methodsi,
ABSTRAM The synthesis of lead telluride was carried out by four differa
a) heating a stoichiometrio mixture of Fb and To in quartz ampules at 900C for 30 mini
b) heating a mixture of Pb'and To at 950G for 20 min (15% excess of To over the
stolchiometric composition) in the pros noo of B203 flux; c) heating a mixture 6f,
Pb and To at 9500 for.20 min (5.5% exce:s To) in tfie presence of MCI flux, and . "
d) heatin' 9,
g a mixture of Pb and To eW for 20 min (5.5% skeess To) in the presence
of MCI - Na2G?3 outect"o' mixture an flux* The thermal omf and electrical conduct
of each product obtained by-the different synthetic methods-are tabulated* In
additionj the.propertion of the NPItype conductor obtained by introducing Na intq
Card
1/2

-ACC NRs AT6022715
PbTo were studiods This Na was intr6duced into the PbTe either directly, in the
elemental state or in form of law-sodium amalgame The experimental rssultvare:.
presented in graphs and tables (see Ifige I)# The experimental result a conf im
Fig. 1. Temperature dependence
of the therviia W coefficient
j
04 and specific cvnluctivi~
of lead telluride "PIt type
.0
I onductor (sodium content
240 -
0 d 44"g in the lead telluride
CC
H % equals 0.1 Vt-%),.
14W Lv 4~~
300
A70 XV
Nagnerls theory regarding the mechanism for the sodium'addition to-PbTa
Sb
Tormoolaktriohaskiya materialy i preabrazovatelip lad-va Mirg 1964).' Orig.
bast 1 table# I graph9 and 2 equations,
SUB CODSt U/ SUBK DAM ORIO Uri 002/ OTH RVe
not

ZHMCHUZHINA, Ye.A.; BARMASH,, V.A.
Surfa omew and the electromotive force of polarization
ce phen
in,an aluminm ba,*. Izv'. vys, ucbeb, zav* Itovet. met.
no.6t86-92 162i (KMA l6sJ
.1. Moskovakiy institut stali isplavov,, kafedra proizvodotva
chistykh metanOV I poluprovodnikovykh materialov.
(Alminwi.-Zlectrometallurgy)
(Surface chomi8tr7)

I t! 1 TO ivi

S/OBY62/000/009/047/075
16 n
A JIS-6 10 B 6 144
AUTHORS: Balyayev A, I.p Zhemchuzhina, Y
e.
-T I T L E'. "Ietting of metallic~and refractory materials by molten
lithium
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Xhimiyap no. 9, 4962, 404, abstract
(Sb* nauchn. tr. In-t.tsvetd. meil%rA. M. I.
Kalininap v- 33t1960, 132-142)
TEXT: The wetting of some typeo.of heat-reaietant and tainless steel,
iron, nickell,'graphite and refractory materials by molt Li at 200-4000C~~
d 3000C wets stginle~o steel and heat,.~;'-
Ls studied. Molten lithium at 200 an
resistant steels worse than it does Iron and nickel, At 4000C it is the
carbon steels g12 (U 12) and YIO (U 10) that are most vetted by lithium.
Graphite is worse wetted,by molten Li than corundum or tale-magnesite.
At 3000C the wettability of graphite by lithium is better than at 4900C#
fAbstracterts note: Complete translation,
Card 01

8/137/62/OW/005/004/150
AOO6/A1O1
AUITHORS: Belyayev,' A.
TITLET Wetting MeAl and refractory materials with molten lithium
PERIODICAL: . Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurglya, no. 5, 1962, 8, abstract 5A53
C'Sb.' nauchn, tr. In-t tsvetn. met. im. M, I. Kalinina", 1960,
vol. 33, 132-142)
:TEXT-. The.optical method waslused to measure contact angles of wetting
with molten Li surfaces 'of Fe, steel, ~Ni, graphite and some refractory materials
in chemically pure argon atmosphere. Within the 200~~7 4000C range, carbon and
stainless steels are less effectively wetted with,molten Li than Armco-Fe or
Ni.- Graphite is worse wetted with Lithan corundite or talc-magnesite. Curves
which represent graphically,the temperature dependence.of the contact angle of
wettins with Li of Fe or graphite surfaces, pass through a minimum (70- 80 0
at 300 C. It is shown.that In all cases an oxidized metal surface Is stronger
wetted.
Complete translation] V. Lazarev
[Abstracter's note:
Card 1/1

S/149/61/000/005/008/lDO8
A0061AI01
AUTHOR: Zhemchuzhina, Ye. A.
TITLEs A discussion on thestructure and properties of liquid metals
PERIODICAL- Izvestlya vyashikh uchebnykh zavedeniy, Tsvetnaya metallurgiya,
no. 5, 1961, 201-20
TW: 'A discussion on the structure and properties of liquid metals was
held at the Institute of
'Metallurgy AS USSR, from January 31 to February 2, 1961.
The following reports were delivered- M. 1,.Shakhparonov on "Some problems of
th6 theory of metal alloys"; A. V. ~omanova on 11X-ray investigation of the
structure.of liquid metals"- ~ A. S, Lashko and A. V. Romanova on "X-ray investi-.
,gation of the structure of liquid metal alloys with eutectics on the phase dia-
gram"; G. M. Martynkevich on ."The mechanism of evaporation and structure of
condensate"; P.N. Gelld and M. S. Petrushevskly on: "Isotherm of surface
energy of liquid silicon-iron.alloys"; V. N. Yeremenko on surface tension of
some
melts; P. V. Umrikhin, N. G. Kurochkin, B. A. Baum on
hydrogen surface activity in liquid iron and some of its alloys; V. K. Grigoro-
vich on "The structure of liquid metals in connection with their electronic
Card 1/2

a,/149/61/000/005/008/008
A discussion on the structure A006/A101
structure"; V. V. Nikonolva, 0. M. Bartenev on some peculiarities of phase
diagrams of eutectic type binary alloys in connection with the structure of
liquid.eutectics. The reports were followed by a discussion which took 50% of
thetime. The majority of the participants referred to Sh,&khparonov's report
and rejectedhis opinion an the absence of a connection between the structure of
liquid and solid phases., A. 0. Spasskiy stated that presently the opinion an a
heterogeneous liquid metal phase has been confirmed and submitted a number of
examples. A film was shown on the effect of ultrasonic waves on the nature and
rate of crystallization. The assembly decided on future trends in studying the
liquid state of metals and recommended the,investigation of a number of special
problems.
Card 2/2

10til win
8/149 1/000/t02A1
/AO0l
Belyayev,1 I Zh6mohuzhina, Ye.A., FIrBanova, L.A,
AUTHORSt
TITLEx The All-Union Conference on Physical Chemistry of Molten Salts and
Slags
PERIODICAL, Izve4tiya vyeshikh uohebnykh zavedeniy, Tsvetnaya metallurglya,
1961',No. 2 pp.,169-- 165
TEXTt The All-Union Conferenceon physical chemlmti~y of molten saltsland
slags was convened from November 22 - 25, 1960 in Sverdlovsk at the Inatitut, elek.
trokhimii Urallskogo filials AN SSSR (Institute of Electrochemistry of the Ural
'Brooch AS USSR). The Conference heard the following reportat Academician A.N.
Frunkin's introduotory.report onthe actual development of problems relating to
the physical chemistry of molten electrolytes) Yu.K, Delimarskiy, Kiyev, on
"Kinetics of Electrode Processes.in Molten Salts"j N.K. Voskreaenskaya,'MoscowJ,
on the present state of investigating thermodynamical properties of molten saltsj
Yu.V. Baymakov,,Leningrad, on "Molten Salt - Metal Rquilibriiw?, A numberof
reports dealt with results from investigating physiao-ohemioal properties of salt
systems, including papers delivered bys M.V, Kamenetakly, Uningrad, on "Ternary
Card 1/ 4

2A16/M7
A
N6
'rAO0
The All-Union Conference on ftsioal Chemistry of Molten Saltsand Slags.
Systems of Barium, Potassiumo Titanium Chlorides and of Birlum., Sodium and Tita-
niud'i V.0, Selivanov, Dnepropetrovsk, on results of investigating the physioo-
chemical properties of molten fluoro-borate oxide:m'Na'M,~. Vetyu and rad
fluoro-titanate t
-oxide , (NgL2Ti?6 NaF TiO2) aye ej ;Mnlng
on the ~ropertiss and structure of melts of the sodium fluoride . aluminum flu-
oride system;' L.A, Firsanova,,Mosoow, on the physioo-chomioal properties of,cry-
olitio melta.and.of aluminum bath:sleotrolytes containing barium ohlorddej Kh.L.
Strelttea, Leningrad, on,results of Investigations into physico-ohemical proper'-'
ties of melts of systems corresponding to the electrolytic composition of mag-
nesium baths,and containing CaC12 and B&C12 A.I. Belvayev,-Moscow, on results
of investigating molten salts with the aid ;f radio-aotive gamma radiationj 1,D.
Sokolova, Moscow, on "Surface Tension 'of Molten Salts!'j R.V, Chernov, Y.1yev, on
investigating specific electric conductivity of TiCl MeCl meltal B,F, Markov,
Kiyevl, on eleotro-oonduativity.of binary salt melts K connection with phase
diagrams; ~G.V. Vorobyev, Sv#rdlovsk,-on results of measuring elec.trieconduetivi-
of systems of molten alkali metal carbonates, A number of reports dealt with
results of investigating molten salt-metal systemal N.F. Bukun, Berezniki on
Card 2/4

S/1419/61/000/002/t 16/t 17
)A001
The All-Union Conference on Phys ioal Chemistry df,Molten Salts and Slags
results of investigating magnesium dissolution in molten chlorides; A.P. Palkin,
"Voronezh, on peculiarities In the reactionof salts with metals in mutual systems
of displacement In molten state; S,A. Zarstskiy and V.B. Buena-Machukaa, Moscow,
on equilibria of 201 + Ca X=22K + CaClL:, and Na + KCI.~~11941 + X; Ye.A. Zhem-
ohuzhina, Moscow, on "The Effect of Metallic Admixtures In Aluminum on Interphass
Tension and Its Losses in Cryolitio-Alumina Meltd; The electrochemical extraction
of zirconium from malts on potassium fluorozirconate base rP ) and Alkali
metal chlorides was treated In the following reportsi A.I.YevXZL, Moscow,
on positive results of electrolysis in closed oells with neutral,atmoopherej M,V.
Smirnov, Sverdlovsk, on equilibrium potentials of zirconium in chloride and mixed
fluoro-ohloride electrolytes;, 12%o following papers were concentrated on physical
chemistry of molten slagal V.L. Kheyfets, lAningrad, on "The Conditions of Metals
Dissolved in Non-Ferrous Metallurgical.Slago!'; D,M. Chizhikov, Moscow, on some
physioo-ohomioal properties of silioate malts, containing heavy non.-ferrous metalal
I.N. Zakhatov, Sverdlovsk, on results of investigating the solubility of ohrmium
oxide In molten slags; A.A. Velikanov, Kiyev, on "Electrochemical Investigation
of Molten Sulfides of Heavy Metalal The Conference recommended to coneentrata.
Card .3;4

it~:
4
'JI'll q::
I - . :L, -,.. V

s/149/61/000/'001/002/*013
A0061AO01
AUniORS: gj~~~~elyayev, A.I., Gavrilov, O.R., Drashar, Ya.
TIM: The Effect of Magnesium Oxide on the Properties of Electrolyte in'
Aluminum Calls
MMODICAL: Izvestlya, vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy, Ts vetnaya metallurglya,
.1961, No. 1, PP.,71 76
TEXT: It was previously established that the presence of magnesium fluori-'
de (W2) in the electrolyte.of aluminum cells had a favorable effect on electro-
-Aysis. Pra-atica.11y, however,, magnesium -oxide in the form of caustic or metallurgi-
cal magnesite (MgC*3),iroasted At, 700 or 1,2000C, is used instead~of-MgP2, The
authors studied the effect of magnesium oxide on the fusibility, surface proper-
,...:ties and the oryolitic ratio of the, electrolyte of aluminum cells, The fusibility
of cryolite melts was studied by determining the temperature of beginning crystal-
lization of melts using th#rmal a.nalysls at a cooling rate of 2 - 40 per minute.
The temperature of beginning crystallization of NaF+AIF melts was Investigated
after dissolving in.the Im a maximum amount of mag'nesRe.within one hour at
0
1,010 C. Data obtained show that a drop of temperature of begInning crystallize-
Card 1/~

8/09/61/boo/001/002/013
A006/A001
~Ihe.,;Eff eat of Magresium Oxide on.the Properties of Electrolyte In Aluminum Cells
tion was observed in all eazeB,when roasted magnesite or pure magnesium oxide were
added. to the N_aF+A1F inelts Tempereturo curves of beginning crystallization of
these:Imelts with and 3without addition of MgF2 were located much higher than li-
quidu Is lines of melts containing magnesium oxide, The drop of,teTperature under
-theeffect of MgO is obviously caused by the decomposition of a portion of cryclite
~,by magnesium oxide accordin actrUons 2Na IN _~ 7P2 + 6NaF +
g to the're 3 3ML
AlF + 3M90
a.,
+ A12N (1). Changes In the wetting contact angles , eurfa6e properties were
..establlshed by+measuring'the contact angles at 1,0100C of NaF+AlF-i melts with a
aryoliltia ratio of 2.2; 2.4; +12.5; 2.6 and 2.7, ocn-tainIng roas'z"ed magnesite In
an amount napable of being dissolved within 1 hour at the given temperature. it
was found:thaT. the contact angles-inareased with a higher cryolitic ratio. This
was'obviously caused_by the increased solubility of both caustic and metallurgical
magnesite due to a higher.oryolitic ra-tio and due to a stronger effect,of surface-
active complex, MgF - ions f orminS mainly In leaz acid melts Na3A1F6 + 3KgF2
3NaMgP + Alp (a) and reducing the activity of Na+ ions. To- compare the effect
of Mgl?3 Ld MgPadditions on changes in the contact angles and consequently on the
'interfacial tension of NaF+AlF melts on the border with carbon, the contact angles
~'of these melts were measured 2 a different cryolitic ratio in the presence of 5
Card-2/f

S/i4q/6i/ooo/bol/002/0~3:'
A0061AOC) 1
.4.
The'Effect'of Magnesium Oxide on the:Properties of Electrolyte In Aluminum.cells
-,weight magnesite~.or 5% MgF~- 'It was round that In melts with a Molitic
ratio'equal to 2.5), and 2.71 the addition ofMg0 had a lesser effect on the
Increase of.dmterfaciAl tension than, W2. ..The degree of changes in the electro-
lyte aryolitio'ratio'after additionof ~%O, was investigated by melting in a. cor.
undum orucible at 1POOOOC, 35 g NaF4AlF3
salt mixture with a definite cryolitic,
ratio, containing 5-weight.% A120_3 and a given amount of MZO. The cryolitio ratio,
of the..melt was determined by calbulation and by titration~with sodium fluoride,
The calculation was based on the full interaction of the whole magnesium oxide-ac-
cording toreaction (3)- 3mgo ->3W2 + A1203' The calculatio'n of the,
_,cryolitic ratio after titration was-made by the formula ~a - 2b where a is the
a + b
electrolyte batch in g, and b is the N&F-weight In g used for titration. In all
cases, when adding MgO to the cryolite-alumina melt, an increase in the cryolitic, t
s Ilar dAa on changes of this ratio, being determined
ratio was observed. Dis im.
by hot titration and by calculation, show that more complicated processes.than a
simple Interaction of MgO with A-IF3 take place In the NaF + AIF3 melt when MgO Is
~Antroduced This may result from reaction(3) and from the Interaction of magnesium
pard 3/7,

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-ACC NRI AP`7OOO7W SM13CE CODE:
(A)
-!::AUTliOR,. Bulkin) Yu. M.; Zhirnov),A# D. If.; Konntantiov, L. V.-P
AUkolaye';IN" A. 6tenbok,'1-,A.; Lobanov, V. B. Filippo o v, 11. A.
ORO: ~none
1, 'TITIZ Research and.educational reactor IR-100
SOURCE: Atomnaya,energiya).vo 21, no. 5, 1966, 363-368
TOPIC TAGS: research reactor, n Iuclear reactor characteristic/ IR-100 rc..,ctor
ABSTRACT: Ube authors describe the construction, the physicol and technical charac-
teristics, and the experimental capabilities of a research reactor with Uhcrmal rating
of 100 kw, intended for scientific research work and also for trainine of specialists
in'the field of atomic energy. This is a water-cooled and water-moderated, viimming-
pool reactor with all the equipment situated in, a central building. It ures enriched
UO" (100%) ,with a minimum critical mass of 2.6 kg of U235, and a graphitu reflector.
The maximum thermal and faBt'neutron fluxes are 2 x 1012 and 2.2 x 101~2' respectively.
The various channels and the possible research that can be carried out with the re-
actor, aswell as the general construction, are descrilied in some detail. Orig. art
has:-2 figures and 2 tables.
'sit SUBM DATE; 28 Jul&/ ORIG R 002/ :0TH REF: 003
18/ E7r:
V
-621.039'520.21
u
Dc:

7 11 IIJ 't- 1 , , , 4 - I ~ -1 , -

USSR/
rA rei
A iit~, -)rs
T", t 1 ~ I
Pmrir-Alcal
Abstract

j;j
I t
I

Ah:

-, z . * Al - - - - -I
Ili
H .

23415-66 ETIT (~_~EwTIM)Z~yT(~L)/~WA(d)/'EviP(v)/T/Et,P(t)/g?iP(k ..Arw I'
-MV
ACC NR- AP6004137 r4 SMCE COM UR/0125/66/000/00110034/0039
AUTHOR: Zhemchuzhnk "0,, -9., V.; CUreako, V. S.; Karats, N. L.; Kotenko, 94 V.
ORG: Institute of Electric Welding im. Ye. 0. Paton, All VkrSM (Inatitut elaktros-
varki)
TITLE: Effect of stres concentrators an the strength of steel following preliminary
deformatiotyand agin
-,-.----WURCE:-Avtomaticheakaya-a-va--t7i6CV-n- 6101966, 34-39
TOPIOT.AGS: stress concentration# lovearbon steeli lou alloy steel, plastic de-
metal . aging, britt ness
ABSTRACT: The brittle cracks ariaing in metal structure under the action of Istatic
loads in most cases originate f ow structural or technological stream concentrators 1-i
and hence in recent years spe at attention has been paid to re~_e_earch into the ct
a
of notching on brittle stren h. This is particularly important considering that Vork
~h ;
hardening due to the welding traightening or overloading of the structural elements
and the concomitant aging o the metal, although it greatly affects the suaceptibilitj
of steel to geometric stveaXoncentrators, has previously been relatively uninvest-
iigated although it is an important factor in structural strength. On the basis of
tensile tests of notched specimens of rimmedlow-carbon sheet seel at frou +30 to
112 UDC: 621.791.762:539.56t669.140

L~ 23445-66-
ACC NRi AP6004137
-190*C it is established that the.transitton from ductile (fibrous) to brittle
fracture (at +20*C) is not accompanied by any significant decrease in strength: if
the loading is applied uniformly, the rated rupture stresses remain aboVe the yield
point. This implies that the-ductile- to-bri ttle transition LeWSraturie"As far from
always dangerous. The critical temperature at which rated strength shArply decrectaes
(in the above case, -700C) is several tons of degrees lower that% the transition
temperature, and for most grades of low-carbon and low-alloy steels this critical
temperature is below -60*C. This means that when In natural state (in the form of
structural elements at normal temperaCures of the atmosphere) these steels are sufft-
ciently resistant to brittle cracking. Work hardening and the attendant aging, howeve
may markedly enhance the brittleness of steel and displace the threshold of rated
strength in the direction of positive temperatures, as established by preliminmLy
107. plastic deformation of notched specimens with their subsequent furnace aging at
up to +250*C for 2 hr. Thus, preliminary deformation at 100-2500C causes particularly
marked embrittlemen't: the critical temperature of transition from ductile to brittle
fracture rises nearly 100% as compared with metal in natural state. Oria. art. has;
3 tables, 6 figures.
SUB CODR: 11, 13/. S= DATE: O6Ju165/ MIG RIO: 004/ UM REP: 006
LCrd 2/

-I U , M -r-%r,L',4 04)
OMCE CCDE~:--UR/0089/66/020/005/0450/0451
836,~
UTHOR: Zhemchuzbnijbj.jL
~ORGt none,
TITIZ: Conference. on research reactors
SOURCEi- Atomnaya 4~nergi7aj v. 20 no 5j 19669 450-451
TOPIC TAGS: nuclear physics e6nferences.reaearch reactor, neutron flux, nuclear
reactor, neutrino,,~reactor control,, nuclear reaetor techno'logy/MR-research reactor,
-SM-2 research~reactorp VVR-M nuclear reactor, I~T nuclear reactor, VVR nuclear
''reactor, VVR-S nuclear reactor
ABSTRACT: The Fourth Working Con rence on Ph-voice and Engineering of
11fisearch Rea'~t_ors, he in Budapest in November- 1965, as attended
by. representatives from Bulgaria.' Hungary, East Germany, Poland,
Rumania, USSR, Czechoslovakia, the Chinese People's Republic, and the
Joint Institute of Nuclear Research. A t6tal (if 102 papers dealingwith
)'the modification of existing research reactors, reactor dynamics, and
~_critical assemblies were p
resented. The highlights of some of these
'Papers are given below.
S. M. Feynberg.(U~PSR), presented a paper, -on the future development of,!
COM

i resea c reactors, - He reported that during the. past decade, the thermal Z
neutron flux intensity in research reactors has increased from 3 x 1014 to
3 X 10". n/cm.2 - sec, and pre .sent trends, indicate a further ine.rease to
-5 x 10.16 n/cm2 - sec The specific power In the core ten year
2 s ago
amounted td- only about 50 kw/I as compared with the present 2500 kw/1
(SM-2 reactor). Feynberg also.discussed some problems associated
"beam"-type reactors and pre-
with the development 'of "loop-" and
sented some data on the MIF beam-type reactor which generates a neutron
flux of 1011 n/cm2 - sec tt the, bedm-tube exit. He" also disclosed certain
design features of'a, neutrino generator which, during operation in high-
power pulsed regimes.-can produce a favorable relationship between- the
cosmic and radioactive background and the useful effects; this would
permit the use of research reactors in anewfield research onthe proper-
ties of neutrinos.
The paper "Physicial problems izi thiF development, of fast power
reactors" presented by ko cat interest
M. N. Ni layev (USSR) aroused gr
at the conference. ' He discus ed the,present status of reactor and neutron
physics and the basic problems whichhme arisen in the development of the
ciirrent fast power reactors.
6rd 2/5

A _f ^m ~o, r~_
V. V. Goncharov and,,V. A.. Tsykanov reported on the operation of
I enearch rparinra- -'They described the results of the
the ~X_
J
testing of indivigual reactor cogpon~n s, the operation of experimental
4oops and channels-, and the radiation stability of reflector materials and
other internal structures. Considerable attention was devoted to the
problem of Increasing the power of currently operational IRT and VVR
reactors to 5-10 Mw.and higher,
_G. N. Zhemchuzhnikov and P. M. Yegorenkov (US presented
new methods of increasing the power of a typical IRT reactor by emploidhg
new types of fuel elements and new methods of heat removal from the
reactor core,
A. plan for modernizing the VVR
-wreactor-W6rder-to expand its
experimental capabilities was piesentdd by, K.
A. Konoplyev.-(PSSR),
He-propon'ed Installing a special hot chamber above the reactor; this
would be equipped with a viewing aystern -and, manipulators.
Ye. Aleksandrovich (Poland) reported on the Worik being done to'
Irnodify-theXY-A reactor to raise4ts power from.4 0
12_L_~Iw bX installing,
'fuel element ass emblles~ similar to those used in VVR -M. reactors. Simi-'
Card 315

4018-364
;li~r-effdr-ti~-wdr-i~-dd-sc-rib~e-d-by-r-eVresentatives from Czechoslovakia and
'Hungary. Reports were als ' Im
o presen'ted on the current status of experl ental;
research being, conducted on IR T and VVR reactors.
The representatives from Hungary and Bulgaria described some methods'
of measuring fuel, element tem ratures., A number of papers were devoted
pe
to1he development of mbdern control and measuring equipment for the
;reactor control and safety systems. The Rumanian representative in his
paper on an "Automatic control system for the VVR -S r9ctor" described
'the use of standard time functions for setting the power level and insuring
that it varies exponentially, thus eliminating the process of taldng logarithms,
and *differentiating. The unit of the standard time functions consists of
two bperational amplifiers - an integrating and a summing amplifier. Tho
!feedback of the integrating. amplifle r circuit, and the initial conditions
land the gain are different for different operating regimes.
The paper entitled "New simplified semiconductor- ype co trol and
!measuring equipment for a confrol-and safety'syste for an experIjnentaL_____/
,.__LnMcIear reactor" (Poland) outlin4birthe dynamics'of the operations of the
i new system under various regimes- This system makes it -possible to in-
crease -starting reliability and improve static accuracy and the dynamic
Card 4/5