SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT ZHIVOTOVSKIY, I.L. - ZHIVOV, V.G.

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CIA-RDP86-00513R002064830003-5
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S
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December 31, 1967
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SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT
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A U T IOR ovsjkci nov, A., FERIODE UAL: Ref erativnyy zhurnal, Mekhanika, no. 3, 1963, 111 ab- 4. st.ract 3B0691 (Gidrotekhn. str-vo, 1962, no. 10, 4i-49) TEXT: Different results obtained in calculating the head loss of a suipension of solids in water from different farm;.Ias induced aL-t-:~--rz to vw-ke -f-Jeld teats ~451- n J, diameter. The solid phase i a re p re 3 0 ZIt -ad by oan,-,, Lj c Dn -,a in ~,nf:-, ve- -,---~e-frac-61ors, and by 1'-,ne gra-vt-,-.f C L n L3 a:,(? o-,-3er-, un D-juran's jaramoters. '-",e for contalnln4 a_ranc;e of " I ~~ Uard 1/1 ~ ~" ;~ Irliffil !R fl~ &111 .1 jt Z.-i ,t I : 1, " . ! ; t, 1 1, 1 V' ,.- ~'., I - 'I f 4 t 14- : i : I i j ,~ ~.ii , I ~ 1 - '4 -1 11 f u ~,O ~ 11: 1: 1 io~ ~J:qp 1~1 11 " ,i, If. ~ ~ i , , 1. 1. .1111 ~ .; 1 .1 i~q i, 10 E .. . - I I ~i i , . - I ` I ~ I T ~ V I , . - I .-~ ~ I ~ I '.. Ii. E~ i~ Al ii~l I I ~i -7 . , , I . An % , ~ I . . . I.-.. ! ~ : I ~'. i f 4 . . .. ,::". ~ I I ~~ 1 11 "! 1 11 It I ~ i. J. i I "I . . ~ I UMMOV, Sargey Rikhaylovich- ZHIVOV NOVIKOV, 1.1.0 I --LOV k--l-lN'ft,M.'T%U.,ktakhn. red, re*tsenzent;- SEGAL rag.Aft ~~; 1 ~~ t, I ~. ~k :. .1 ..I I . " I , ~ N, - ~ i . A I I i A"*AMA 4-4 A InAM- 144,,l takh..aknn. Inform. no.12: li, -,W! 1. ~ '! i i 11 1 P. z -P ~~ il 1111,11HIP""N I ~ , H-4 fl i. ~ ", 'ILegau W ; Calc ard ,w rMe A-of -6, as 'Us Ily Ths At _664 Um' Add[, &0 a good 0094 Ulm C0.1"'. ODOM tie mpoedh no sLaw - A ft *bm op .,d to the, lak u** iz depends. anuoln, ft cm' 51d tio "a -&cut% in trA scrArstof Ormpon T, Ugs nuattr c wbkh AIIA r-Astulco mdsono nimunt lpeed on I in_ Or-rtjvOvW3 tho 3clk on Inscrt owmm IrA Imirtifts andl rat TbO Multf conw6td L moth ej PQP bccoM &. &iva but to I d 16tion of Word Le V. %ILA 7T N wl~ MI I w M w ZHIVOT,L.G., kandidat tekhnicheakikh x1sku KUIWIN,V.1., kandidat -bebhlfthealdl+ "m1r; KOZLIK,V.I., ~~hener Grizzlicts vith mash hetited.W ele6tric qrrent. Goro shur. no,9:4&48 S '55. (=A 8;8) (Sereei= Iii Aill ll'i ! H iI "Fill ir I ii I II I !:, ; 1, 4 -. . i ii , ".11 ~ I I - '' I i ~ I i ~!;! I ~l , I i i I I ~`, ~ '111 [ i: ! Iif P~ 14". : 11: 1 i I t, -.1" i i~~ ? ~-,GUSAROVA# ZHM"A. VIO-Z doMOPWOOS's . kh nauk, retsenzent; OA~TTNOT, 0 P., inshener, rets6nient-, IR170107# Tu.,T9, Anshener. reteentent; TARASOT. L.Ts., xe.dski~i; .- SK61bTAIV# !!Ys-.# redaictor izdatellstva; VAYNSEMBYIF. Te.B.. tekhnicheskiy~.redaktor enote-c iozLtr 'I and automation of si=mper loader hojgtg] Djstautgto&-~ avtomattOlskoe tipravlants skrepers3vt lebecitaxi. Xoskvs Goo* aiiLebsio'-tskbn.Is&--!vp 1- t-!,ry pc chernoi itavatnoi metallurgii, 195? 222 Ps (KLRA 10:9) (Automatid,control).... (2zoavating machinaz7) Gr or$ Talentirls Fetroyna; GlADILIMp L.Y., i,~ ij I H 1111 i ~~t 13 V -11/30 .127-58-5 :A UTHOR Zhivov, L.G.J.-Cand-..' -ate of Technical Sciences TITLE:' Auto at, 6~, ~a .1 ge Hoistings of Low Capacity (Avtomati- m on zataiya:kletlyevykh podlyimov maloy moshchnosti) PERIODICALt Gornyy Zhurnall 1958P Nr~5, pp 33-36 (USSR)'. ABSTRACTs Besides the main~hoisting machines, auxiliary hoisting winches of 50 to'300 kw capacity are used in the mines of forrous.and hon-ferrous metallurgy. Their automation can cut labor costs since the cage hoisting can be op3rated by one worker, accompanying the cage while moving the people or.,pushing the button in case of lifting freight. It is expedien't to apply the generator-motor system as a drive. Specialists of the NIGH and Ingulets Mine Adminis- tration (Krivoy Rog Basin) have automated a one-oagu hoist- ing inI.the.blind shaft Nr 5. This.hoisting has a 70-kw . machine and serves 4 working levels. It is working 8 5% . , , of the time. It is provided with both hand and automatic operation. A detailed description is given and the mode of operation is described, The hoisting machine has oper- Card-1/2 ated for more tha In one year and proved to be reliable. It Automation of Cage Holstings ofLow Capacity 127-58-5-11/30 reduced the number of attendants by one machine operator and 10 workers.. To ensure communication between the cage moving in a shaft and the hoisting machine, a cable is necessary; it is recommended that cables of the.GRShS type be used for,:o,hafts up to 300 m deep. There is one circuit diagram. ! - I ~ I Pi : ~ I i I i 4 E t -. 3, f - : ~ a j., ;, ,- , I I :! t I , I a ! - - ~ .! . . , .T 1; .! I 0~ ~ ! t . I I ! ! ;J, . c - i ------------ 8(2)j. 26(l): SOVII05-59-5-191;9 AUTHOR: zhiv,ovp L. Go) Docenty Candidate of Technical Sciences, TITLE: Automation of Mine Elevator.-Installations With.Speed-Regulation -by Means of Frequency pod." yemn.*kh~' (4vtomatizataiya kletlyevykh ustanovok'putem regulirovaniya Gkbrosti chastotoy) PERIODICAL: Elektrichestvoi 1959t 11r 5p PP 78-80 (USSR) ABSTRACT: An e#erimental oelevator. instal lati on -with -a ~capac_tty_ of- ~100 kw was mounted under the directlon..of.-the-amtham-in--a. mine, of the Krivbass in 1957-58. During_.the.deilay,and.th6_. drawing up,(dotydzhka) of the mJn.e,caget..the.-Induction.motor_,I to a voltage vith-the-frequency-of 3-75 cycles (while it was disconnected.from.the voltage-with...a.frequency of 50cycles vhen the mine oage,approachad.-the point,6f--le- ginning delay). Ata normal maximilm.-apeed..of.the.leage,of 3 m/feec, the frequency of 3.75 cycles causes a-apaed of 0.23,m/sec~duringthe approach.of the.cage.to-the- terminal . point *'The elevator ;unit. consisted- of...e.-mlas - cage- o-and a counterweight. The osaillograms recorded.-and.shown-hare indicate that the'delay of the mine cage gives satisfactory results, by regulating with low frequency at any sign, and Card 113 load moment.. It is shown that the wirings for the automition fir SOV1105-59-5-19129 -Automation'of Mine Elevator Installations 'Fith-Sbeect-RegulatiozL -by Henna of Frequency c,of'elevator units must comply W:Lth Aha..f ollowing. condltion:,_ the magnetic.flux: of the machine must be regulated irL,depen-_ dence on the load moment*' The voltage. must be regulated in the activelresistor of the stator in consideration of.its drop. Inthie casev the magnetio--flux.vill-only. depend an the load, and the voltage-regulation..Iaw,lo,axprasaed by formula (4) (Ref 2, formulas (504)) -,When. ~connecting_the_ motor-to the voltage.with low-frequency,-.the.spead.of the motor decreases,,and.the transition-processAn.-this aase.is expressed by formula (5). When the-.motor is connected to.tlae voltage with low frequencyt the motor-rotor circuit must:be ~connected to a higfily effeotive.resisto'r..*.W.ith.L-..darrajla&.Am-,. speedp the resistor' is switched--toft-again., -and.-tha--motor. softly passes over to pulling ..up-to.,.the.-terminal-.poizLt.--Tlm,-,.. - change of load demandel'ac ormula (4)9,.a regulation... cording.to.f of the magnetic flux, i&e.. a ~ change- of.. the. amoitnt.-I IL_y is not regulatedv,,the speed during-.Ahe_._approach_Ao. tha-terminal oint (if the.~loads_ are. heavier--than-.calculatedL) dacmeaaas- ~p so much that as the tests have shown - the motor stops, or the a roach to the terminal point takes a long timee Finallyf pp '_Card 2/3 the. capacity of the frequency transformer is inveatigatedo IF ~A R f .80VII05-59-5-19129- Automation of,Mine'Elevator Installations., With, Spea'd. Regii1ation-by-Meann.'. - of )Fiequeno y and.fo rmula ~(6)-(Ref 2 f Ormula (4,94) is given -f or-Ahia- the fiiqusnoy transformer,-during-.brak4mg..-It..-is.-.!... . finally said-that by-,means of speed regulation frequency the problem of delay and of the approach of the non to the tArmi-nal ntatlon nAn In he POI-VAn- ThAPA Ara A (=r 16 je In z - Am al I i 1.J His ~j a ji: FIFP krx At A Mr- Eli, fit Er A .' Elf 4 if. E r K! 8, 1 Er Or rEr E . F , SfIrp I 117 ; S-F. If Ir' if ale Orr Egli , , - '!~;~ i ..- . 1, me I" - i '~ I .' ~' t. ~: I!, ; 0 ~' 'i ~' . - 'I, kfllill"Mt~ Ar , H 1. 'i , , "i I~r i 111 "ir-112'11 a TIT-171 H ~- '': 1 '; ;, ': ~:`; I. ' ~ z~! -, I ~, ~ ; , ~, ; , T ~ i - 1~ ~ : :A,~l I ~ 1. 1 ~ 1. 1 . ~ t, T,~ I I 77,~~ ~;. El~, ~,~ - I I F : ACC-NRs -AP6026506 over- controller and associated elements: 8! 10! heating an phasei-break protection; WS -- winder d starter. Theabove stabilizer, whose operation is 4 eXplained in some detail, maintains- a temperature of 1206C within''it 0. 3 to 0. 511/6 and the-level within -0. 1 toO.3 mm. Metric number. spread is within + ZL ~Jt is planned to introduce the above stabilizer ZHIVOVJ- L. I.* ZHIVOV,'L., I. "Investigation ofIth4- Pro.cess of Enclosed Sinking." Sub 28 Moscow Order of Labor Red Banner Higher Technical School imeni Bauman M C! Apr',52,, J: 1, ti, .;. I , * 1,11 ~I~t .:;, .1 1 " 11, 1''; ~ 11111i ."'I ~ All-I 111111APHIIA '..; . "i 11 ! z ~ ; , ; , h,;U,W .113 1 " ~ 111 i ii 1 1 11 'T-Jlt~~ BJ/145 /60/0010/006/014/015/XX The typical load graph.of closed ... D221/D304 .'.,~~.sumed that varies lin6arlyi The ratio (H/D is empiricalp and is. )d within the limits ~of - 0. 15 -.to ~ 0. 25. ., The length of the flash is usual- ly 1 e blank,sizes are held in proportion h A Th /d = 2 2.5. f 0 0 The curve of efforst.dueto closed die stamping has 3 sections. The first corresponds to free'forgingy when the friction forces at the faces.of the,,'Llank produce a,.barrel shape. The current dimension of workpiece is defined by-the barrel-shape coefficient ~Vlhen the blank is in contact,yrith the tool along the maximum dimen- sion Ithen the metal flow is characterized by a knee of the.curvef The effort atlzhat instance is related to.the sizea of the unfilled corners with a corresponding equation for its calculation. The de- formation changes again when the radius of the corners.is equal to the clearance A , The further.inorease of pressure causes -the outflow, of metal and the.formation of-the flash. The effort in the third aec- tion of the curve P f (A h) is given by 3 Hd 11 1/2(H/'))dl F F 0.2 (11)2 d O's D d 1.5(11 n + D) d + 1.5 4 3 x (H/D) d Card 2/4 60/000/006/014/015/xk The typical load graph of.-blosed 1)221YD304 2 1 `3 + + 7; However, the::actual machine~is'characterized by the rigidity of:its construction and the friction in its,members# Elastic deformation of the machine affects the, deformation process, especially in the're- a gion:.of high pressures#.~Thiecausea'a deterioration of the energy indices of,the unit..The.frictioxi incurs losses during the stroke -and:also inthe-paosage of~dead center.which is determined by the, fric'uiorl circle* Therefore, the load.curve of the machine indicates the,acTive forces of deformationt and also the load and unloading due to rigidity, The path of the slide S, is given by 3 = 6h + Al, where.Ah is,the absolute deformation,of the.blank and Al the elas-L-~ tie'deformation of -the machine.which.corresponds to the active load ~at-that instant. In'small machines the energy losses due to loading d~ are, small, but.they.-attain 10 -- 15 % of the total energy during the working period in the case of large units. The load graphs of an ac-. tual horizontal forging machine with a nomina force of 1250 t at analyz d. The. efficiency of the unit is com-..- 27 strokes per min. are e Card 3/4 '4 ; ti. . i ! i . I ; , ,I I :~ ;. 1 ., ~ I ;- . T(M)/DIA(d)/EWP(.Y)/EWP(t)/EWP(k)/WP(h)/aiP(z)/D (b)/ge(l)/ EWT(d)/Dl P . L -3948-66 (c) 14 141jWW XCOESS1 OUX M/0304/65/000/005/007 621-97 AUTHORS I ~jo 1. lCandidate 'of tedmical soiences)i Dubinam V.-I, (Rag-Wer) TITLE i Reverse extrusi of large ahpj= puts on orankohaft Rresses BMRCEs MashinostroyeMye, no. 5# 190y 75-77 -1250, press j AOO'--at 800 IOLVA Wsil~ektrubion On ~M -aluminu UBA a!- XhUM''te _AQ alumfiu= Al, teel-0,WA -yteel; -ate 0l ABSTRACTs.: 1he. procew. of x ext~ii diametor x 215-m high x averse sion. z85-mm_ 40 _mM qk a-lutin ---thi um-cups- has:'been developed at the Zoporo 0 5" 45 zh kiy - ' l ~ i d inatittit, r m6ahinostroitel (Zavo - nyy # n MachineXX construction Institute The icritical c6nditions'were found-to be the alignment and parallel location of the . d l l I 11 t Pi I th E d th l ll l i ) ( ower es s- an a see on osure e no an upper eir Para e d g, 4 p placement, The stamp has four guiding Posts 7 and bushings 3 attached to the upperl plate# 7he upper and lower plates are madq of 70-m thick normalized steel 45 slabs Iand the die and plunger are mounted on them against hardened steel inserts V ' (steel U7A) and 10 (steal UU). The die end plunger are made of Kh1ZH steel (HRO -62 respectively), polished to a 10-11 class finish and chrome plated 56-58 and 60 ,card 1/3 Mims EM"MOMMIMM A ACCESS1ON'NR:;'-AP5023340,' --he& _ti~_31 0- re --Al~w1#pronY -The 41ijiduum -,blanks AOOP -tii& 000 1 11", t h6ld--' t~'thit:: teaVera~ure~ for- 50~60: iinutea and air coolc-4 IRD 15-92). U eaf a Animal-fate and mixtures -of Wlindir oil with beeswax were used as lubricants* It was found that the deformation stress',varied between 38-56 kg/=2 v the maximum temperature rise wag 150-1600t azA that spherical cup bottoms required 10-15% lower !plunger forces than flat-bottomed cups. Experiments were performe4 on model DS J00/1250 press as well as on 630- and 500-ton presses* Orig, art, hasi I figure. ~Ll i1CC -NRi AP6009625 EINP(e) EI(P V I "EW00 1jP(C) D/N /Jk YJ AUTHOR: Zhivov, L. I.; Semenov, Tu. N.; Skornyakov, Yu. N., Shmakov, G. S. 6 ORO: none -TITLE: _~-.-,-Investigatton' o'f'hoe co:moacting.and extrusion7~of dintered coppex-boron,aitridy- .-allo ~vas eted-~-under-:4~t/-cnit-~t)res-iiUte'intb'-briqijattiis--38-mm-.ir~-diam4tet--.iind--.~30-1~m~ high. we're 1 10 800 ... or- _Br 4uettes -s n ered-At 920C_ for'-2 hr n ammon a ~iv i - gas' band extruded at 7C T_A00C-.-`t6:l29 -16, and 20:nm-'in diameter, i. e., with respective extrusion ratios -C - 2.41, 1.87, and 1.39. With these reductions the bars bad a density of 98%. Lower reduction (C - 1.2) produced bars with 95% den ity whose electric conductivity was found to be lower. Examination of the microsti 2ctur; and hardneas tests of allop annealed at 300-800C showed that reegstallizatioi Fu0bef copper-boron "Itride alloys procedes much slower than that of copper. Sintered copper underwent a complete re crystallization in two hours at 800C, while copper-boron nitride alloys still had the deformation textures The alloys with a high content of boron nitride require a hish -Card 17/2- UDC:- 621-i9844-5 r 9!, MV MINE, . I ";'!A. i~ I INT ''I, I 111i'll II 11 f 14 " , ~!' 'j, ~~ ;f j . ~' ~ ; - t~ ? c ~ ~ ~! 1 j - : I f ; ! !:. , Pj ~ t, -.: 1 11;! - I I I 11 ,, AN li i I i J N 4 1 14 1 ! , k i I , ; 1~k ; ;~ '~' : i I - : STROMYATNIKOV. I.A.; GRUDINSKIT. PoG.; PS M T, I.I.; EDROLIKOVA. V.I.; i 6LI , : k, f 1~ - - , - !;- - I :. P, - . : 41 11 . 'I- l..' ' " 1 '. I ; ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ i ; 1- :.-4 1 ! ! " , - 91 1, ' 'it, :::i ; '; i J"' , ~ : f : ; ~ I 1~ P. T" I", ' 11: 1 ~ w:' I f p 11 11 ; I ~ "' P, i ~` ; 1 1 1 - i I . 4 - i : ~ 1 "' . , i.~ 4 . 0 1 v - I ~ ; " : i F . . . i: , V -, IIU~,Nlii `~H 1;~~ Illf 1: 1 1 ! E: 11 ~ 1~ I , . .; . i .= . ; : I T, ::'I 1 1 : ~~ : ; , A~ ~~ . r ~ 1 ~ 4'11P~11,,Ig :,: 1: 1 ~5 f ~~ , ;~ 1 1 . . . -------- ------ VO,~X.S. lnzh.., red.; BOL'SiAll SOKOLOVy B.A.", inzh. red.; 4H Q Ya.H.,.inzh.,'red.;.KUZNET3OVp M.P.., inzh., red.; ZILI.BERMAN, R.I.$ inzh... red.; IFTINKA, G.A., red.izd-va,- MOCHALINIA Z..S.,.:tekhn, red. I (Construction.specifications and regulations] Stroitellnye normy i-pravila., Moskva,- Gos8troiizdat. Pt.3. Sec.I. cb.6JElectrical systems; regulations for organizing and carryingout.the work,':~acceptance of1he works] Elektro- ustroistva; pravila organizatsii i proiz- yodstva rabot, priemka v ekspluatatailu (SNiP 111-1. 6-62) 1963, 134 P. (MIRA 16:10) 1.~ Russia (1923-~.:U.S.S.R.) Gosudarstvennyy komitet po de- lam stroitellstva.:.2. Gosudarstvennyy komitet po delam stroitellstva-SSSR (for Sokolov). 3. Mezhduvedomstvennaya komissiya po peresmoiru'stroitelinykh norm i ravil Akademli -SSSR stroitellstva i-arkbitektury. (for Zhivov~. Gosudax6 stvennyy proyektnyy institut,Ministerstva stroitellstva RSFSR (forBollsham, Kuznetsov).~S. Vsesoyuznyy gosudarst- vennyy proyektnyy institut Hinisterstva energetiki i elek- trifUc~tsii SSSR (f6r:Ziliberman).. (Electric power.distribution) 11 1 , 1- f I I I- I ~! I -, I . A : I . I I: . I I V OkSJTPJ Lqt TV I AI .-U. . V AVVWT In M U --4 - - - - - - 0-- .. -.. --- --- . 1 .1. 1 -, V. - 9 iMil ~-Ii [;I 1 11 - - 2 3 1 - , ~: u ~ - , - - . , '. --- I Ulm" M-~ in. ~ .: I I 11213M [HI A m f I I I ~j - , - . . . , v~~, -I , . : N ~. P .. "Id Hilill I I r1 , i . A . f 5. I F I A~ ~-: i. - C5, ~ I i - I 1~' "1 11 -H -- - -- . . ! I I ~! P ACC NRs AP6036713 SOURCE CODES UR/0119/66/OOO/Oll/OnO3/0006.1 AUTHOR., Zhivov, N. P. (Engineer)' ORG:- none s of industrial application of standard pneumatic.sy TITLE: Perspective stems of automate d checking and control, SOURCE!: Priborostroyeniye, no.. 11, 1966, 3-6 TOPIC TAGS: Vneumatic:control system automatic pneumatic control, automatic control equipment, electronic equipmentj data processing equipmenti industrial automation ABSTRACT: Perspectives of using standard pneumatic systems of automatic control in industry are discussed citing as an example PUSK-3, a system of pneumo-electronic centralized and automatic monitoring, regulation, and remote control of continuous technological processes. The data units and servomechanisms of the system are primarily.pneumatic.. PUSK-3 forms the second stage of a hierarchical multistage pneumo-electronic complex of-the "Kompleks-EPE" type; it.also can be used inde- pendently:as a control panel system. A multistage automatic control structure is assembled by breaking up a complex system into its functional stages, arranging these according to increasing complexityi and making the lower stages independent, as these ar,~,~ relatively stple andcoinmenin application to a variety of technological processes.~ Fig. I represents a,functional diagram of "Komplex-EPE," and Fig. 2 Card i/4 UDC: -62.525 ACC AP6036713. ':' Fig. 1. Functional diagram of no H HC , "Kamp leks -EPE" D - Data units; N standardization; VOK - co mputation of generalized K ;6ordinaw; VKP - computation.of ~complex indexes; VTEP,- computation ' and economical indexes; of technical PF - search for the purpose function .(investigation of the technological process); I - investigation; E.- ex- J . 1perimenting',jes - investigator; 0 - optimization; K - checking- OY - operation control; SO - senior N M Kif operator; PU - program control; I Or - operator; St.- stabilization; AZ -'automatic con- protection,. TPN ' tinuous technological process,, IM servomechanism. a functional diagramof PUSK73- PUSK-3 includes a pneumatic, and an electronic part.- The -pneumatic'ona consists entirely of elemen tsof the Universal System of Elements .of. Industrial Pneumoautomation'(WEPPA). The pneumatic'part tan perform all control'. _~q.ro 'A14 t 'jj A C C, 44 R': AP6036713 Flgt 2. Functiondl diagram of PUSK-3 IM Sarvomechanisms; TP techno- logical process; D - data units; POT - primary processing of.in- lot ' d 1 ' formation; RI information dis- . ; J . tribution; ICh information part of PUSK-3 (sensor fields); AR.- automatic. regulation; KN - correct- ing nominal values; POKU - panel of,' operation checking and control P K (sensor-driving fields); NA - tuning : "I KH of algorithm; VI - output of infor-. 09 mationinto a superincumbent or a external system; SV signalization a L of overshoots; AReg automatic., recording (analog and digital), -01 -7 operational and nonoperation- N measurements and~recording on calli 09 operational.checking on the, state-of regulators and servomechanisms;'OU operational control of regulators and servomechanism; PiP - reception and transformation of information from a super-incumbent system; Or operator* Card 3/4 VI 44 v A C--- f V 6 1 T -4 A L SO -0 ft It A 0 0 ~ goo AL&O"Is too 240 A F. 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