SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT ZINGERMAN, YA. P. - ZININ, B.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
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• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 16, 2001
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

...... [a IR 111111111111 U11 "1 U HARD I I 111110111111i11 i Kill
AZZ NR, AR6031867
without local modulation coils. 1b the latter case the auto.dyne frequency is'~ modulat
ed, while spurious AM is eliminated by the transmission of a compensating 1-f
voltage to the transmitting tube girid. A circuit which auto'mati6all~ binds'autodyne.
frequency to the measured field is connected for measurements~of field top6gra phy
and for especially complex measurements. A block-diagr'am and a photo of the
instrument, as well as a schemaltic diagram of the h-f unit, are given in the
original article. Errors occurring with measurements wich the IMP-3 instrument
are analyzed. V. Mamayev. [Translation of abstract]
.SUB CODE: 20, 09/
Card 2/2

MO

L
USM ec rcmcs Zlec~ ro:nic and Rinic zmissi~n H!.2.
Pa
Abs Jour Referat Zhur Fizik1j" No 5~190$i 12274
Author zingerman" 'ra.p.

Dist
-Institute of Fh*cs.j Acaidew~ of* aan':SM'
Sciences Ukrsii
Title Anomlous, Emissioa S'al',,uration:0f: Effective Thei~61
Cathodes.
Orig Pub Ukr.~fiz. zh- 1956 Nd 2, 13~-142
Abstract -An investigation was.~Iiside.':bf ~t1id -i1nomalous satikkti oil bf
the voltage-current, cluwacterlatclLea of, t~ie ;kf ~,ct .0
de-barrier and L--emthindes at higli tempemturd tind hl~~
emission-current density. The mmauremexits 6~1~he viAta-
ge-current chamateoristics was rAde, in a diode~lfith :rA
l
etwe
flat anode and with a cathode, the d1staxice ~ b
the two beiag varic4 from 0.5 to 1,7 =. To aroid e~04-1
gee in the physical eltate of the cathode Wien i~rmwitia a
Card 1/2

XOROZOVSKIT
ZNGBRW, Taf.
Investigating the nonuniformity of work Junctions on metal surfacea
.Prib.1 tekh.eksp.no.3:65-~-69 X-D 1,56* OMU 10 2)
it Institut fialki AIT UW11R.
(110-6-tr6ii emission) (Oscillators, Xlectron-tube)

BOW 112 -~5716 -:13.020
Translation from: Raferativnyyihurnal. Elaktrotekhn1ka,::::19S7':!4r 6,- p 194 (USSR)
AUTHOR; Zingerman, Ya. P.
TrrLE: LT&VI~Dn by Porous Metal Cathode$
(Elektronnaya emissiya metal,loporietykh katodov)
PERIODICAL: Tr. In-ta fiziki All UkrSSR, 1956, Nr 7, pp' 24-34
ABSTRACT- Emission from porous metal cathodes consisting Of 4 tungstenisponge
of 60-70% density filled with pure BaCO: has beem a Itudied. Jhd investigatibn
3
hzs been conducted at low temperatures ~with emission~:curr(~nts under 10-3 amp.
Under these conditions, the space-charge effect and the variations of active-
film state are absent. The shape of the ~experimental.~urveq of electron
emission in the accelerating field lgla a f( V_E) indicates that the emiUiion',
activity is nonuniform over the cathode surface.' A comparison of theoretical
and experimental curves has -permitted determining the linear. dimensions of
active spots and the work-function nonun'iformity & 5o.,.:,whichare about,10- -cm
and about 0. 6 -0. 7 ev respectively. In order to explain the 1 ,irfearity of'the
characteristics of initial eiectron velocities lgIa f(~) however, the
Card 1 /Z

. ....... ........
SOVI 112-57-6-13020
Electron Emiasion by Porous Metal, Cathodes
nonuniform work-ftmction valu6s should be increas,ed t*Valuo bv~er I ev.:.The
linearity of these characteriaties also testifies to the.M~xwewz4 characIter of
electron -velbcity distribution. The value of the work-fu~ctioA nonuniforxiiity
determined from the Richardson lines agrees well with the value determined
from the -accelerating -field curves. The same method was used to deterlirline
the mean work-function, equal to 2. 1 ey, and the corrqspondij~g emissiom
constant A 5 a/cm?- degree?,.
Ya. N.S.
Card 212

Ya. P. Zingerm-an, Physics Institute A-ademy-Sciehaes-UL-raintan
Izvestiya Aka
SSRf demii Nauk SSR, Serin FizichesMya, '1131 20"
10W (abbreviated report; full text published
Ho 9 Sep 56, p
as follows: first part in TE~k IFAN Ukr SSR, 7, -24 119561)
second part in Ukrain, 1z. zhur., 1, 134, 1956)
The work consists of two parts and-it is devoted:to experimental
.studies of thermionic emiBsion of porous metallic film, the so-called
L cathodes with an ihitial pize barium carbonate filling. The electroni;~~'
emission of the above-mentioned cathode is ar-alyEed in. the first part..o''
the report in a flat diode system in a retarding and.aA accelerating fi
A. low temperatures of 600 to 9000K. In this temperature ruge-the ret~!
e j
.3f ~ log Iato U. was found to be strictly linear In th'~ retaid-ing field
a
w
-hin a xe dete
it wide range of plate current. The electron tq4eratv
from the slope of this ratio concurred with that of the cathode measure
bya thermocouple. However, in the accelerating field the YCIt-amperd
characteristics in the same temperature range exhibit6d.an ainomalous-
Schottky effect. The analyslis of these:effects allowed, the envaluatio
the degree of heterogeneity in the distribution of thq4 outp4t vbrk,Qn
surfaze--,oif-the- us MULL"Le-f ta hodw'o
t

AUTHORS: Zingerman, Ta.P. and Soltyk, V#Ya. 1.09-12-6/15
TITIE: Chemical Action of Oxygen on the Electron Emission of
Porous Metal-film Gathodes (Ir-cathodes) (Khimicheskoje
vozdeystviye kisloroda na 61ektronnuyu~emissiyu poristogo
metallo-plenochnogo katoda)
M,RIODICAL: Radiotekhnika i Blektronika, 1957 Vol. 11,.No.12
pp. 1512 - 1518 (us..
ABSTRACT: The method employed for this investie;,ation is similar zto
~that used by Wagener a;,nd Kulik (Refs. 2, 3). This consists' ~of
measuring periodically the emission of theinveetigated'eathoide
during its operation in an atmosphere of gas at ~ EL Certain,
constant, known pressu.,ce. The measurement of the emission
current was done by means of exponential pulses having aAuration
of about 100 Usee and 4). repetition rate of about 2 p.p.s.,, The
experimental cathodes wore of the rod type,: having a diameter
of 3 to 5 mm.; these were filled with a triple oxide and a
tantalum- owder activator; their emissivity was of the order
of 3 A/cm~ at a temperature of 1 000 OC. The effect of the
.,pa.rtiaI_o3cygexL. pressure on the emission of the' cathodbs. is
illustrated in Figs. I to 6. Yigs. 1 illustrate the increase
in the oxygen pressure as a function of time (in minutes)i and
Cardl/3 the corresponding decajr of the emission current. Fig. 2 shows the

109-12-6/15
Chemical Action of Oxygen on 'the Blectron Emission of Porous Metal-'
f ilm Cathodes (L-cathodes)
6
effect of the oxygen poisoning at a pressure p 2-5 x 10
mmHg at three different temperatures, while Figs. 3 show~the
poisoning effect and the reactivation of the,bathode at
p = 1 x 10-6 mmHg and the cathode temperature ,k 1 010 .:0C;
-6 0
similar curves for p 1.7 x 10 and T' 1 010 C.WYi$i.4j The~
effect of nitrogeh on the emission current o.fth6 cathobs is
illustrated by the experimental curves of Vig. '/. From these,
it follows that the presence of nitrogen is harmless at .: ~
temperatures higher thmi 1 100 OC and at pressures-lowev than
5 x 10-6 mmHg. It was also found that the presence of hydrogen
does not poison the catilode, provided it is operated at
temperaturez above 850 C and at~pressures of less than 10~5
mmHg. The main conclus~.on derived from the investigation is
that a satisfactory operation of an L-cat~ode requires that
at operating temperatures of about ~ 000 0, the p~Lrtial
pressure of oxygen be less than 10--( mmHg. The author expresses
his gratitude to Corresponding Member of the Ac.Sc.Ukrainian
SSR N.D. Morgulis for his valuable advice.
Card2/3

11 .11,411.11,11, "MI lilt ill,[
10c)-12-6/15~
Chemical Action of Ox,7gen on the Electron Emission: Of 150rous metal-
film Cathodes (Ir-cathodes)
There are ? figures and 12 references, 6 of which are Slavic.
ASSOCIATION: YSSR Kiyiav
.jInvt MR-;, g. MyevT
-~j AN'
SUBMITTED: May 8, 1957
AVAILABIS: Library of Congress
Card 3/3

109-12-10/15~
AUTHOW, rman~~a.P, arul Uorozovskiy, V.A.
TITIE: Electron Emission,and the Rate ol Evaporation of Barium
from Porous Metalt-tilm Cathodes (L-catho'des) flaving
Barium-oxide Dispensers (Elektronnaya emissiya i skorost'
ispe0leniya, bariya iz poristykh metallo-plenochnfth katodo-V
s oksidno-bariyevym napolnitelem)
PERIODICAL: Radiotekhnika i Elektronika, 1957 Vol-19V NO-121
PP. 15361- 15.43 (USSR)-
ABSTRACT: One of the shortcomings of the "classioal" Ir-cathode is
the fact that it employs carbonates of rarelearths (Ba, Sr~
and Ca). The electrical properties of the cathode can be.
improved by introducing into the dispenser a~pre-determined
quantity of different activating materials (Ta, W', Se. etc.)
which serve as the reducing agents. This problem',was first
investigated by the authors in 1955, and a speciallmethod'of.
preparing the cathodes was then worked out. The method con-
sisis of building the dispenser in the form of two closely
fitting cups and filling them with a mixture of the oxide and
a powdered, metallic activator. The tiampule" (dispenser):so
prepared is then pressed in a protective atmosphere of nitrogen
in order to achieve good vacuum tightness. The present work
describes some of the investigations cetrried~out on the
Cardl/3

~rll fill fil 1111, 111M i I llfl Ill 111P41111
~09-12-1:0/15
Electron Emission and the Rate of Evaporation of BariumIrom Porous
Metal-film Cathodes (L-cathodes).
cathodes of that typell The cathode is shownAn detail in
!
Fig.1; it consists of: 1) a tungsten plug- 2) the ampule-.~.-,
with barium oxide; 3) the lower,support; 4) the internal
c5linder; 5) the ext&rnal cylinder; 6) heater', and
heater hol The diameter',of the tungsten plug was
3 - 5 mm and the investigated cathodes diffei?e'd from each
other by the~composition of the active mixture in the ampule
and the potosity of the tungsten'plug. Them cathode was
situated in a special experimental tube (see,Fig6,2)., The
electron emission in the tube was measured by meahs of
exponential pulses applied to the anode. The experimental~
results are shown in Figs. 31 4, 5, 6 and 7 Ond in two tables~
(on pp. 1539 and 1540). From the data obtained, it is
concluded that for a given type of plug tungsten) and a
given material of the aqpule, the replacement of iFfl~h-tantalum~
activator by a tungsten activator results in a. decrease III
the rate of evaporation Of barium, while the,emission of the
cathode remains unchanged. An even greater decrease in the
rate of evaporation can 'be obtained by usinga molybdenum
Card2/3 activator) but, in this case, the emissivity of the cathodo

II II till 11141~- i WIMP 111111111 Off 11111 IN II'li
.109-12-10/15
Electron Emission and the Rate of Evaporation of Barium,from Porous
Metal-film Cathodes (L-cathodeis).
also decreases., Furtherinore,.it was found that the activation
process ZAm the latter cathode was very difficult,
The authorsthank Corresponding Member of the Ac.86. Ukrainian.
SSR N.D.,Morgulis for hii~ constant interest and valuable
advice. There are 7 figurest 2 tables and ? ;-refer'ences4a
of which are Slavic.
ASSOCIATION: Physics Ihs
-titu'te.:- AS.'Uk~ainian Klyev
g. Klyev
SUBMITTED: May 8, 195?
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 3/3

r77777
-AUTHORS:
TITLE:
................
-. .............. A1111
spvlld~-~3 8-o~
Zingerman Ya.P..and Alorozovskiy, V. X.
Investigation of`~-the Procoss of the Pbaet~atioll of
Barium throuCh: the . Porous Plug, of aj~ 1~-cat-ode
(Issledovani,7e protsessa prokhozliden1ya bariya.'skvoL,'
gublcu poristoGo flietalloplenochnogro terinokiltoda)
PERIODICAL: Radio telchnik,!i i Elsktronika, 1958~~, Vol. 3, gir &1!
pp 1017 - 10,4.i3 (USSR),
ABSTRACT: Measurements were carried.out by meano of :a special. 'tube
(F-Ji~,ure 1) which was in the form of a,~diode; this; oon-~
tained the investigated cathode 'A and the anode .13
The an-ode was in the form;of a movabli~, tuxl,gsten plate
urhich could be -poriodically cleaned ihsidd -the tube' by'
raising its tem. (!irature up to 2 0OG PC bj wear-s of: them
electron bombarftient, provided from a,'tungsten helit.
The cathode vias lixed on movable sup-ports and could be.
set in two diffei-ent fixed positions. In otie of theze
positions (Fi6ure lai , the plug of th~6~ cathode vlas~ ia
front of the anode; the olectrort emisi~ion ead them irelicity
of the evaporatidn of barium were measured in this~~osltion.
In the second poeition ~Figure 16), the aperture of;th~
cathode chamber was in front of 6he anode and the iwou~t
Cardl/4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .
SOV/1 343-~ 6/18
Znvestigation of the ProcesS of' the Pel~etration B11riun throlur,.~-;.-h'
the Porous Plug of an L-cat'laode
of barium issuing from the: aperture was me,; sured. The,
barium evaporation velocity from the. ~'P.Iug ~ And If rom the;
cathode chamber were determined by PidtiSuri6(---, the variation
in the Nvork function of the anode which Nvas subject~ed to
a bombardment by barium. k is-quin(S f rom ithe aperture in the
cahmber the plug),, This method of measurement was d'es-:
eribed in detail in an earlier work by'thelauthors 1( R,,e f : 2
The ex-nerimental t'ube of Figure 1 was also',used to measilre
the electron emisiBion of the c,,--ithode Ay usinG7 'eypanehtiiil
voltage pulses at the anode. The pulses had, a time
constant of about,100 lisec'and a repet .itioa frequendy of
1-2 pps. Three types of cothode were Bused;' the chepic~'tl
comvosition of theze, theiroemission'Clensity and the~ev~-
poration velocity ~in J-ig/cm"h) are shollin in- the tablb oc'i
p 1Q20. The depejadence:of.the barium .:VapoijIr: pressu Ire on
-ewerature for the cathode of the~fir t type is~:
the t U a U
illustrated in ffiC,'ure 2; Curve 1 showo the pressure;.inside
the cathode chambeir, mhile Curve 2 ,:,ivt)s tbe pressure above
the cathode plug., Similar curves for the cathode o~~,the
Card2/4 third type ~see the table)'are shown in FiE',;Ure 3.

I If, 4':!i- I lit I "I
SOTI/1001-3,-6 6/18
Investigation of the Process of the Penetration :f B* i thioup
:'0 ar um
h;:
the Porous Plug of an L-catlaode
a, nd p.
inside
The quantities p. ~/in these figures reprIeseylt the T5ressuires
the c4ambe d
/abover tMe cathodes Plug'. The ratio of p as a
X/P
T
function of tempe"rature, for the cathode Of the third Vrpe,
is plotted in ivigure 4., From the aboy *e inVestigatio!nll it
is concluded that the migration of barium through the
plug can be explained by two processes. At loyj pres .s ur e s ,
the mechanism of barium transler can.be exl'Jlained by the
migration of'barium along the walls of the :pores of, ithe~i
tungsten plug. On the other hand, at high'barium-vapour
Pressures transfer:is
(inside the cathode chamber) th.
caused by the Knudsen-type: leakage of 4,he ~ubstaace', through
the pores.
The authors make aknowledglement to Corresponding Member. of
the Ac.Sc-Ukraini4m SSR N.D. h1orgulis for his interest
in this work and for valuable advice.
Card3/4

sov/ '109-3--B-6/18
-Investigation of the Proce0s of the~Penetratio,n of Sar'ium th:vDugh
-c,
the Porous Plug of an L sthode
There are 4 f igures, 1 table and 10 rLeferences:l 6 of~
which are Soviet end 4 English.
ASSOCIATION: Institut ftziki Ali USSR, Ziyev (Insti*tute of,
'3R X1
Physics of the Ac.Sci UlkraiiiianB iyav)
SUB M-ITIM D: January 29, 1958
1. Bar ium-Frojiert ids:-, 2. Cathodes (~i6etro;'-' t.ube) --Pq: r~fon.Mance
Card 4/4 3. Baritun-Vap6rization 4. Thermlonic:emissloli

q4089
$/i8l/66/002/009/P3~2/0..~6
B004/BO56-
137
13?j
AUTHORS: Zingerman, Ya,, P., Iqhchuk, V. A.-, Mo zovskiy,: V
A
TITLE: The Electronic and AdsorpUon Properti63' oUpilms
Barium Atoms on Tungsten
PERIODICAL: Fizika tverdogo tela, :1960, Vol. 2, ITo:i.g, pp~.. 9276-2286
TEXT: In an earlier paper (Zaf. 1),.the authors described; a new method'!
of studying the kinetics of adsorption processes. Inq:the prosent worl.~
this method was used for the adsorption of barium on'tungdt,m surfad~001~
The experimental tube and the,measuring methods are,dascribxpd.in Ref; 1-~
A target made from a polished,, 0-5 mm thick sheet ofjhigh-;plarity t1ahesteh,
whose surface was purified by electron bombardment dt,T >:26060K, wa6!used,
The target surface in this owie had a microorystallitto stru6ture (sio
of the microcrystals 50 - 100u ). In individual case6 20' ihick tungsten
sheets were used, and the microaqTtalslattained a sioeo_f 0.2-0-7;mm
bombardment. "bATW-1, "UTP) getter pil:[i.
with 991i1 -of
Ba were used as a bari m souroe. The investigations.1r1are oarried outiat 1:
u
(1 - 2)-10-9 torr. Tho change in the work function of the':tixngsten during
Card 1/4

84089.
The Electronic and Adsorptidn~Properties of S/1!81/66/0102/009/03,2/0~6
Films of Barium Atoms an Tungvten ~BO04
o 5.6
covering with barium.atoms waa measured,by means. of'aln~el6.ptron.beam.; The
dependence ofby.on the surface concentration n of Ba was: -determined iby
two methods: a) By measuring the desorption heat Q as!! a fuhotion of..n:;
b) by measuringdq as a function of the.adsorption time t In a constaM
atom stream N,. The experimental data are given in Pig. lt!lon current
recorded by an ~IT7-09 (EPP-09) potentiometer as a function of t and 'of
the temperature of the W target (300 - 1,6500K)i -Pig- .2i surlface-conc~elhtr4'-
tion n of the barium atoms as a function of,time and. 'tempetature; FJ91. 3:i
desorption heat Q and modification of the work functin '60 a fundtlon'
.0 1 - s
ae a!
of n; Fig. 4.',dq as a function of t and temperature;~ Pig. ~tjt
function of t and temperature ;in a W ta lot purified, I)Y' hat Fig.; 6s
r9 I
g
dto. in a target purified by.electron bombardment; 7t'Q,,as a fu Inotion
of the coating degree The dependence~ of ALO on temperature and oh'th4
manner of treating the target (occurrence of a minimum forZ~ (n) at : low
temperatures), which was found in,this p!ELper, is explt~ined by the chaige
in the impurity content of the adsorbed barium film. The iti-ourities. cure
probably atoms of the residual gan whose" stream is of ~the dame~orderl6f
magnitude also at 10-9 torr as the stream of barium atoms.1his could~be
Card 2/4

The Electronic and Adsorption'~Propertieb of, S/i~81/66/60~/009/ ~210~6
-Films of Barium Atoms an Tungsiten B0000~6~
experimentally proven by the Adsorption:of Ba on aW~i target obvered.'-4rithi
an adsorbed residual gas film (Fig. 8),Electron bm~6rdm4nf loads "U6 a.1
lower durability of the residual gas on the target (tig. 5). The change .,':in
61 is related to the dipole affect p of the adsorb Iea atofik.~The follo~vin Ig
n: (p;
relation is obtained from equ at ion 4~ - 41rpn (2)%
(4), where c~ is the lattice constant. This interrelation jiao; confl. 4d-b
experimental verification (Fig., 10). The authors dre'jr the j follow ng
conclusionst The adsorption of the barium atoms on:the tu6gbten surf4oe:,
is not activated~ The coildensation coefficient equals unity, .and with a!
covering degree of from 1P:P1 'to V~ I ~ 5 it does not delpendi,on the latter~
nor on temperature. In the adsorption of barium atomd'on iT bombarded with
electrons, the value of AV monotonically approaches: a~ limli 'which in 'nsdr
the work function for compact Ba,, This limit in atta'ined :in the case: of;:
14 2
.Monatomic covering n Ce(5 - 6)-10 atom/cm . The authors. thank I. At.
D.Vkman. Candidate of Physical, and Mathematical Sciences, ~fur his asdistanoe
and discussions. There are 10 figures and 11 references: :6 Soviet,.2 USO
3 British, and 1 German.
Card 3/4

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V I INVII I I I I 1113 UN I; L I I I I fit. I R I LIJ !,I I I I I I I I[ ~j I I &111111 HIII I I LI] Ill.,] 111111111L I I UJIM1111 I I Off I 1414111,411 Ili Will, Of I V I I W I W1 I MJ111
89281
S/1 8'1/61 /OGj/00 1 /0 14/04 2
BO06/B056
42
AUTHORS: Zingerman, Ya. P.~and Morozovskiy, V. A
TITLE; An ionization metbod of investigating the kin~itics of adborp-
tion processes on the surface of solids
PERIODICAL: Fizika tverdogo tela, v. 5v no. 1, 1961"4 1?3-131
TEXT: As the conventional methods of investigating the adsorption and'de-'
sorption have several drawbacksp the authors have dev6'.opPd'a:new experi-
mental method which is based upon measuring the InteriBity of atom beaM9 by,
means of their ionization by electron impact. The funlamentals of WE;
method, the method itoelf, and 'the experimental mealic qro deocribPid init-he
present paper. The ionization inethod of investigating the kinetics of,sorr.,
tion prnic-saes, suggested by Zi:agerman, -is deacribed on. th-?-jb-isis of Fig. 1.
Fig. la szhematically shows,the main elements uf the tilbe -,,-i:ed ror them'
experiments: 1) is the source of the atom or moleculp:'b eam.7: 2)) is th~':
diaphragm through which thelatter paose3, 3) Is a recqrdin4 and mea3pi-ing:
devicej 4) is an ionization ohambert and 5) ir. the targot-,inorbiont, Th,!t
beam may be quickly shut of by As J) adJOins 5), Rot C,111:i the dimut
Card 1/

1-I IM I it I At I Is IIII I] I III I II III 1111:1 1113MI'Mili
89281
S/161/41/00.~/001/014/042
An ionization method of... B006/0,56
atom beam, but also the reflectod and desorbed atoms (coming from:the
target surface) fly through the chamber. Therefore, the ion*: current iri the
collector circuit is due to ionization-,% by both direct ,jn.d r~eversod atoms..
These two intensity components for tile atom fluxes N and N iare
1 Z given .by
11=,~111 and '2-'~Y OkI is related-to the~ion charge, thp imp~ac t, icnizatioA
cross section of the atom, tile intensity and geometry of the~bombardin-g
electron beam, the flux intensity distribution in the ionization chamber
and the temperature of the sources of N and N It is,therefore possible-,,~
2-
by measuring I and I and their dependence on time and,'tempbrature of the;
1 2
adsorbents, to obtain the entire. complex of experimentalidata necessary:
for investigating the kinetics ol sorption.'prooessea. The eip~rimental
realization of this idea met with a number.of difficulties which are
described in detail. Provided c;ertain conditions are satisfIed, they may
be avoided. In compliance with these conditions, ti tubo was:constructed,
which is shown in Fig. 2. The ti irget is a hot tantalum cylihdqr (1) which
may be placed above the auxiliar,,r tungsten .electrode (V), above the ion'lza-:
tion chamber (II), or above the Olectroll gun (VI). The Ionization chamber
Card 21
M. -0-1 11M. W-.., mWIMMM.PM.Ow M-R DUN.

I-T! 11 lit I-I'll it .1 IIINIIII if INII 11111111:1119 1111111 WIM111111111111 11101111 VID41414 liv 114:11
89211
s/iai/61/bo~/doi/6~4/
- ---- ---- ------
---An -Aonizati-on~-method-of
is a three-electrode system (Cathode, anode, collector). The entire~system
is surrounded by a cylindrical shield (electron reilector)." The ioniiati6n
chambe, has an operating volume of only 0.-5-0.6 cm .: ~By means of a 11'~. beam
the tube operatjd under the follcwing~conditions: V ~- 200 V, V =i-90 V
an: oath
10 2
Ie = 4- 5 ma.- The Ba ion flux was 10 a~oms/cm .sec ?, which. oorrespor&s to
-13
an ion current ofAJI10 a. IV,denotes the molecule gun~(thL~ electron, gun,
.VI,.serves for measuring the work functiri In by thr, contpl-et-p6tential method),
and III is the shutter for shutting off the atom beam. Studies of the'.,
AIM and n(t) curves by me Ians of this tube are finally disOussed. Fi13- 4
shows &I as a function of the duration of adsorption of Be 11toms Oil W;~
the dependence of the surface concentration of thq Be ittom.,vcn the ad'zi3rp-
tion time was determined from these curves; Fie- 5 show's thp n(t) Ourvi'lls
thus obtained. As the adsorption of Be on W does not es3entially af:fpOt
the work function of W, the determination of the adsorptiou'propertiols" of
the system W-Be is practically impossible: by the use of conventional
methods (electron emission, contact-potential difference); ~y' means of* the.
method described here, however,~this is viell poisibLe~.~ Thajautl-orz thank'
Professor N. D. Morgulis, Corresponding Membe-r AS UkrSSR, for discussions.;
Card 3/~

89211
S/181 611/00-3/001/014/042
An ionization method of... Boo6yBO56
There are relloes:
Ya. M. Kuoherov is mentioned :5 figures ands 6re&
3 Soviet-bloc and 2 non-Soviet-bloo.
ASSOCIATIOR: Institut fiziki A.N IJSSR, g. Kiyev (Institute of Phyj I on:?
AS UkrSSR, Kiyev)
SUBMITTED: February 22, 1960 (initiall
May 3, 19 0 (aftdrrsviaion~
Card 4

2~.039
np
Tifi 00 07 ).;2 14
CZ X /oq
AUTHORS: Zingerman, Ya, Tahchuk,' It. A. and M,,.1)rozo~Skiyt V. A
TITLE: Adsorption of atoms of the al%aline-earth group: oln
polycrystalline tungsten
PERIODICAL: Fizika tverdogo tola, V. 3f not 4# 1901:: .1 4 411053
TEXT: With regard to the adsorltion of al~-aline ear4-
h It; ytungsten, the.
literature is still very incomplete and tho published dtita d1v,eVL:,0.
Therefore, '1:io authors planned vvx. exhau--tive of the.
therm-ionic and adsorption properties of atoi7,ic of all al"Kaline
earths on tun,-nten. The system Ba w.,s already stuoierl 11Y in a'
previous article (rief. I: FTT, 11, 9, 2276, 1960) wlicXc', "i"; here, the'
i.i;)thod uoed was one newly deve14)jjed by the. autharm.
L::-.Iled "ionization method for the inveatigation of
011 surfaces of solid- bodies" -aad is dooaribed. in-Ref. ~6 T~
1960) The results of invest igat ions relative to the: of th:
recidual alkaline eart1h on tuns,:L~,ten are alven in the pro-I.ent jl,'Ipp~'. Tilte
ani o
ionization method was used to study the adoorption of f or~ Sr
Card 114

111.111! 111 till Ill ill I [till It . .....
2,2 0 3 9
'181 /6 1 /00 3 /004/005~
Adsorption of atuoms
and Ca the simpler mothod of.cont,act potential Via!; vjb'ihl~
is based i-n the mon-tiLromont, of tho changki W ourp ~ttuicLiiiit i-u* t tin 1~,:'Dt: o r
during isobaric ad,iorption. TIM- lattor njethod wav
in Ref. 4 (Yu- S. Vvilula, V. I.I. Gavrilyuk, UPZh, 3, 6~2, 19:513). V1.0
mctalla Sr, Ca, and M~, obtairod fron i'33rO, Gaus 'Alld ru'o'pactively'
by ther~:ial reduction witi) tantalum. 'Be waa obtnin,~d from repi-rified
cheraically Dure Be metal by ovapo rat ion. The tung,-,,tc-!i~ ;4arge,t nn*
optically polished tunGsten plate of high purity, ptcrl..~iiz!d in vacuo e 1!
electron bombardment at T > '26000K. it, had a polycrystallirie structuro
in the final state with a c.. -otiitllite- rize of 50-100 Ii.' T'he. resiiltn of
the invostigat ions are illuzitra-l;cid iii the form of diag4-ams, :oome of t1*
typical ones being reprodoced horo. Humovical. data aro collectuti in P-!
-table. For examplep Fib,.,~. 3 and 4 (.1113", the Work function function
-ton n of the Zadiiorbed atomn. The I
of the curface concentrat. hooratioaL
3/2
relations 4RP n/(1+9an n"/-- '1T.P n/q(,/ip-i/9a,:as aell as:
0 0
the values and n in the maximum of curve -A'p np: n J3
0 A 'Po 0 Of
and n (qc4/~0-2/3
0 are correctly reprodiwed by thle rerults:: of meanure~'.ienfi
Card 2/~

I III Ailt 1111MCIIIII Tim. . I,
i22039i
3/18.1/61/03/coo4/00/03q
Adsorption of atome BI 002 1
P denotes the dipole moment f si)r n 0 6nd a the polai*izabillit of thp,
0
adsorbed atoms. The experimen).al results lead to thio!;follalwing:
conclusions: 1 ) The condensat ion coefficient of Ba,: 14gg apd:136 on Uin
a large range of T and n equals one. If the flux of: the atoms,~ being,!
adsorbed is constant, the rate of adsorption is constant, which indi64'teP1
on:adsor' io~n
the mobility of the adsorbed atoms in the.surfatie layer 6
of Be on W the adsorbed atom shows no marked dipole,moment~' The work!
function of a thin atomic layer of Be on W equals 4.53 ev.- 3) The adoorp-
tion of Ba, Sr, Ca' and Mg an .,polyarys tall Ine W wb1oh, has bee In heateid: to:'
remove gas impurities and subjected to electron bombardment,. showa a~
monotonic decrease of 0,? of V during the f ormation ~ . a ~ natomic
.of Mo coating.
Adsorption of the same atoms con a cold (T=! 3000K) W;surfl~.ce leads to, the
usual maximum of the 6(f(n) curve, which is a conoequence cof interaction;
of the adsorbed atoms with thia, residual:gas on the W..surface. 4) Vie:
change of Ay on adsorption of Ba, Sr, Ca, and Mg on.1W can' be. described
theoretically if the dipole moment of the adsorbed atom at n - 0, ito
polarizability, and the surface concentration ii of- the adsorbed atoms
in a monatomic layer are taken into considerati on- 5) DeVorption of.
Card

~.20391;~
)j61 /0'03/004/005/ 030
Adsorption of atoms B102/B214'
alkaline earth from W is chsxa6terized b~ a linear dec~,`rease; of the
desorption heat:Q with,increasing n. This must te explained :as due t
the.adsorption inhomogeneity of W, and not to a &hangs in t16 inter-J!
action energy-of the adsorbed atoms. The, electrostatic tin'din betw6d~n
9
alkaline earth and W appears to be unimportant for adeorpt;Lon. The
authors thank Yu. G. Ptushinskly, Candidate of P~iiysical and Mathematidal
Sciences, and Engineer B. A. Chuykov for' the mass-speotrome.tric analysis.
There are 7 figures, I table, and 11 references.-.' 7 Soviet-bloc and 4.non-
Soviet-bloc.
ASSOCIATION: Institut fiziki~.AJT USSR K.iyev (It'le-titule of.PhyE3ics
AS UkrSSR, Kiye*V)
SUBMITTED: May 24, 1960
Card

37
S 8YM2/004/007/015/0
'B
B102 B1104
AUTHORS: Zingerman, Ya. F., and Morozovqk~fy' V. A'.'
TITLE: Interaction of molecular oxygen with the 13Urfa0e Of,tUngslea~
PERIODICAL: Fizika tverdogo, tela, v. 4, no. 7, 1962, 1833-1840
TEXT- The adsorption of molecular oxygen on solid tungsten was
investigated by a version of the ionization method used for invest in
igat g':
the kinetics of adsorption whioh the authors publishe4 in FTT,.v.3, 123,
1961. Data relating to the kinetics of adsorption are derived from
measurements of the time dependence of the ion 6urrent I I +io,+i-+I;.
3
The components of I are the ourrents of moleculoo atrlking~the targett
the burrents of molecules elastically reflected from the target, the
currents of molecules thermall:F desorbed by the target, and the curr4n~tu !
of the residual gas molecules in the ionization chamber. Ore ing the
~relations between current and flux: 1 0: NJ io a a V ig
0 0 g
and -A I = I + i + i as sell as the quantities,illustraied in Fig 3
1 0 9
it is possible to:describe the surface ooncentration of adnorbed inoleoules; by
Card 1/4

39.979
3~990~
1004~
7s/ 81162 10 8 ~024/~041
S/181/62/064/008 ' /OW641,
B102/B1041
AUTHORS: Zingerman,'Ya. P., and IS'hohuk, V. A4
-------------
TITLE: Adsorption of bar4um atoms on tungsten
PEKODIiJAL: Fizika tverdogo tola) v- 4j no. 8, 1962,~:22124213
TEXT: The authors cpntinue to study the dopondenoo of the tungsten 4crk,
41,:nct ionf on the degree 0 of' coating. For W-Ba, W-4,13, VI-Sr, 71-Mg the
a
q(8) curves had been found to depend greatly on the stvzraoe terler tu e
durinL; the coating process (of. FTT, 2, 227'6, 1960;~3, 1044, 1961 P'""d.-
Ilero the system iV-Ba was again investigated undor s6~aewhat modifi d
conditions (better vacuum 10- 10 mm 11S, oontrolled gas d~ou re e- use of .'i hl
t n& Y~
purified polycrystalline 20-A 71 film- short-period annealing at 30WV~~
lon,3-period at 25000K). Results, The mean work fl7nctioh'.of tungsten 39
a monotonic function of the quantity of adsorbed Ba atoms. The presefi.ce
of gas impurities in the zoating leads to the occurrence of a minimum in
Thus it is confirmed that the presence oflel6ctro-jiegative gas
Lolecules in the adsorbed layer,of,alkaline-earth metals causes a
Card 1/2

i, AccEssioN-NR, AP4028h48 s-/o18V6hjo06/W4/U?2 81
AUTHORS i Zingerman$ ra, P, I Xoh(::huks Ve A,
TITLE: The role of the surface LAYer in the:interaction of ~oleoular
a tungsten surface
SOURCE% Fisika,tvardogo tela., V6,6, no* 4j 1964j 1172-21,61
or
boAq 01-4=i~Orpti0n# W! k
sorption,$ wqgen, tungstenj molecular
TOPIC TAGSt ad
function., surface layer
-th~
ABSTRACT: The authors measured the work function as a m4ans of, 'studying inter-o
ji aM tWjg8t
action between-a molecular bean of MW90 a an sor ace.0sp freed
from impurities by heating at 3000K in a vacuum of about -16-9 ca US* It 'walsfound
that the curves defining the change in work function with time of adsorption dirfez~
in a number of featureat in the temperature interval 300-850K they differ t each
ji end of the interval both in initial angular,coofficient of the function
between tho
limiting value., but the change inwork function is steady;
the change in function is not stefady but reaches a maxim= more'rapidly
the temperature of the target dwing adsorption; the initial e~eqpness of the
work-function curve remains coastant throughout this terq.-4rat=6 Interval except
at the 650K boundary, whire it doolines sharply and agaim rwains consit#~* "in the
Card
11/2

ACCMWON NR: AP40
28448
higher temperature interval (850-3.04CK); inUis second interval- a
Plateaui to
vreached on the curvej, the value depending on the temperat a' tj,
ur . of the targe
regardless of the value of the plateau., the curves after tho~plat4au are roughly,
en"
parallel. These features indicate that the formation of a-cheminorption oxyg
filmwith a work function.of about 1.8-1.9 ev on a tungstewsurfzi6e is an activw
process at low temperatures (300-8,50K) associated.with the tjransi~
ion of the:
adsorbent film from one adsorbent atate to another. The a&-' tion of oxygen at' a
tungster. surface at temperatures above 850K is -a6c the' introduction of-
-ompanied i7, .
oxygen into the near-surface layer of metal. In the.temperature range 85o-io4m;
the amount of introduced oaxygen ini:reases with temperature td posaibly,2 or 9-5 ; I
times the qu&nti of oxygen adsorbed on the surface, Orig art last 8 f Agures.
t7
ASSOCIATION: Institut finiki. AN M:rWR,KievTInstitut4 of Pblysical. An MWSSR);
SPHITTEDt- 301ov63
EMLs 00
M
SUB COM SS NO MW SOV j 003 Mumi 012
2/2,
At-

f d 'q' Wll- IllwIr',
ISHCHUR V.A
Use of the electron-stl,mulated desorption method, in utudying
oxygen-t-ungsten interaotiarl. Fiz. twer. tela 7 xib. 1: 227-237
Ja 165. (KRA 18:3)
1. Inatitut fiziki AN 1.11=SSR, Kiyev.

Z~NGEWAN. Ya.p.; ISHOIRIK, V.A.
Role of a subsurface layer in the interacLion of~rcolecular
oxygen with a tungsten murface. Fiz. tver. tela, 6 no. 4:
1172-1l8l Ap 164- (MIRA V:6)
1. Institut flziki AN Ilk-rSSMY Klyav.

%
3~ A-W 11M -(c)
000/s
59
77' 9-7i
ri~~
AMOR: Zingermn, U, P* ZIsh ~_hl.
Tl'.'LU -. Some featurea of the intirvi,ctlizzin bi~twtinl ~,,4gen iLa4 tile sqrjl,'a4e of
or
SaTRIGEr Ftzika tverdogo tala, v. ^j, no, 8, 1965, 2569-2511
TOPIC TAGS. wcygen, tungatean, riijj,!,lLcn crys-tal, surface ac-~lwi ageat., metal cmidA-
tion, V.Sorption
AMMACT: This is a continuation a--" eza-lier work (TTT v. 6,
27, 1965) an the interact.,lon be-,veen ~xyrti~ uv! nrc
Im.rpose of -the present -7 !...v
e -, e : 7n~ n e1
vil un.

;7
L 859c,-66
ACMSION HR:' A,1019896
ftea t tero ~j~ iew
the t~,ro am-racefl, on the cloffor FaC144 cil~
b
she Idsorbed oyygem at