SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT CHERNYSHOV, G. V. - CHERTKOV, V.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R002200530012-6
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 9, 2001
• Sequence Number: 12
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

USSR
Wc 669.14.018.821
OKENKO, A. P., Candidate of Technical Sciences, KMIKOVA, 14. N., Engineer,
and CHEMSHOV, G. V., Krassnyy Oktyabrt Plant
"Investigation of the Causes of Reduced Ductility in Ingots of Steel 08Kh19NjOB11
Moscow, Stal', No 10, Oct 73, pp 934-935
Abstracti A comparative study of the microstructure and phase composition of
sound and defective metal showed that failure during rollinc, in the range
1060-11800 C occurs by the stratification of lamellar phases of niobitLm
carbonitrides and niobium oxides. In a defect-free metal there is only
niobium cartonitride, which is thinner with a smaller number. The presence of
n1obium oxides testifies to the inadequate deox1dation with aluminum. 0A large
quantity of the carbonitride phase is procipitated also In the 0600-600 C
interval as a result of soaking the ingots prior to setting, Addition of 0
powdered aluminum during the refining period and guaranteed setting at 800 C
made it possible to increase the hot ductility of 08Kh19N1O3 steel during
rolling. 1. 1. TETERIN and V. 1. KONONENKOV, Engineers# participated in this
work. One figure, three bibliographic references.
1/1
- 49 -

~,Lrine and Shipbuilding
USSR
uDc: 624.1,j1.43+539.21.084-492.3
VDOVICHENKO, L. L. , ~~AERUYSLOV, Sj.
"Exuerimental Investigation of the Effect Which the Size of the Specimen
Has on the Compression Strength of Sea Ice"
V sb. Seysrostoykost_' gidrotekhr. i port. sooruzh. Primor'ya. Ch. 1
(Seisnic Resistance of Hydraulic and Port Structures of the Coastal
Region--collection of works, Part 1), Vladivostok, 19T1, pp 247-253
(from RZh-Mekhanika, No 7, Jul 72, Abstract No 7V545)
Translation: Experiments are done on compression of cubes of sea ice
measuring 10, 20, 30, 115 anci 60 cm on an edge. The saliriify of the ice
was from 14.11 to 8.3lea, and the temperature of the specimens was about 40C.
The loading diagrams were similar for specimens of different sizes. Each
suca diagram consists of branches of rise and fall in loads. The duration
of the rise in loads was as a rule 2.5 times that of the load fall-off.
There was an increasp in the tLre of rise and fall of loading with an
increase in the dimensions of the specimen.
Pal appreciable reduction in compressicn strength is noted with an
increase in specimen dimensions. For instance the 10-c.- cubes had an

USSR
VDOVICHEITKO, L. L., CHERITTYSHOV, S. I., Seysmostoykost' rzidrotekhn. i
Dort. scoruzh. Primorlya, Ch.-l-,- Vladivostok, 1971, pp 247-253
average compression strength of 19.3 kg-cm-2' which decreased to 3.2
kg-cm-2 for 45-cm cubes. A comparison of the rules governin7- change of
strength of sea-water and fresh-water ice showed that ':e strength of sea
ice decreases more intensively with an increase in the dimensions of the
specimen than does the strength of fresh-water ice. It is concluded in
this connection that the scale effect for sea ice cannot be estinated from
relations found in studying river ice. K. F. Voytkovskiy.
212

Stress Analysis and Stability Studies
UWR UDC 539.4:624
MIMYLOV, A. A., YELMOV, V. A., CHERNYMV 8. T.
W-Z~ -r r-r_--T -~q Z~Clvn;Lq !;rrCqI'U-
V sb. Materialy 2-y Nauch.-tekhn. konferentsii DallmorniiDroyekta (Materi-
als of the Second Scientific and Technical Conference of Dallmorniiproyekt),
Vladivostok, 1971, pp 47-60 (from RZh-Mekhanika, No 10, Oct 71, Abstract No
lov632)
Translation: The article is devoted to exmerimental studies of the carry-
ing capacity and deformations when compressed and uncom-pressed masonry
courses of 40x 120 mm blocks in grade 10 mortar are subjected to a hori-
zontal load. Single-story models were made in the form of two walls
measuring 3100 x 300 x 40 = with an inside spacing of 320 mn. Reinforced
concrete plates served as floor and roof. Horizontal displacements of
the floor plate were prevented by fastening it to a special metal frame.
Vertical cor.Dression of the masonry was created by tension on rods 3 and
5 mm in diameter arranged in pairs outside of the masonry and on the
inside surface of the walls. The tension was checked by strain gauges
112

USSR
MIEHAYLOV, A. A. et al., Materialy 2-y Nauch.-tekhn. konferentsii Dall-
morniiproyekta, Vladivostok, 1971, pp, 47-60
with a 50 mm base cemented to the rods. Horizontal forces in the models
were applied at the rocf plate level both in the plane of the walls and
perpendicular to them. It was found that vertical compression has an
appreciable effect on the carrying capacity of the models. In the case
of the 3 mm tension rods, no cracks appeared in the masonry until the model
was destroyed. In the case of 5 mm tension rods, the structure was de-
stroyed abliquely along the masonry joints. At the time of fracture, an
increase was observed in horizontal deformations of models with tension
rods by a factor of 9, and in the carrying capacity by a factor of 5.5
as compared with an uncompressed model. It is concluded that vertical com-
pression of masonry walls has an overall positive effect on their carrying
capacity. A. V. Cherkashin.
212
- 74 -

USSR
UDC: 621.373:530.145.6
POKROV`SKIY, Ye. IN., CHEMYSHOV, V. A.
"Experimental Study of Helium-Neon Laser Discharge in the Low Current Regi.on"
Elektron. tekhnika. Nauchno-tekhn. sb. Elektron. SVCh (ElLectranic Technology.
Scientific and Technical Collection. SHF ElectronicsT, 1970, vyP. 8, pp 40-47
8
(from RZh-Rad-Lotekhnika, NO 11, Nov 70, Abstract No 11D27 )
Translation: An investigation is made of the effect which the ballast re-
sistance, sbunting capacitance, length of the anode lead, length and diizezer
of the capillary and design of the active medium in a laser have on the
minimum current of stable discharge arcing. Discharge instability in the
low-current region is due to the development of oscillations in the plasma.
Resume.
1/1

Psychology
USSR
UDC: 591-185-1:678,083
ZM~2~111_T ~... (hair of Entomology, Ibscow State Univer'sity
"Psychological E~rrors in Detenuird-ng the Orientation of Living Objects"
Moscow, 2hurnal Obshchey Biologii, Vol 31, No 6, NoVIDec 70, pp Wt2-M,8
..P -
Abstract: The orientation of living objects in relation to natural and ortificial
magnetic fields and polarized light vr,.s studied. The methods used im%rollvodl: 1)
determining the orientation of the object during --m exmerimenl, in v4iich ti-,e
ion of the bcdy mis widt the w-wle of ori-entation were sihniultiericouUy a-
gainst a ra.Lnd scale idth north-south and east-weSt wces, 2) deeterminin- orienta-
tion during the e:Teriment by fixation of the direction of the body nc._`.3 in the
form of a straight lilie, and irm-couring the orientation jingles -at the conclusion
of the experLmEn-t usi-ng the rcxmd scale as the standard, 3) determinin- orientat4 on
by the so-cal led photography method, in i-Aiich the direction of the body zxis is
detennined by am_ mitifr-e of the object on a horizontal plaiie, -and t'ie orientation
angles are measured; s:Lmruitr~neously -with detslerirdmat4 n -of the direction ct:,.' the
body axis or after preliminax-T fixation of this direction. Dexrestid I-eetles
(Dermestes sibiricus &r.) wad swLflower seeds were used as expez-Lynental cbjccts.
The cbjects were placed in Petri dishes ud"Uh filter p-apar or rourJcd cL-rd-board on
which a round scale into de.-rees LLoncr Uh,~! arid
1/2

-No
USSR
0
CHMNYSHEV, V. B., Zhurnal Obshchey Biologii, Vol 31, No ", Nov/Dec 70, Pp 742-748
had been drawn. The exi)eriments established errors, ma-inly of a p,-Ychologicpl na-
ture, ikdch tended to distort the true picture of orientation. These errors -r-re
due primari-ly to the terylency of the results to concentrate in the area of the naLn
axes of the round scale in the ILdi-st method, practica-Ily random orientation in the
second, and a similar accuTailation of the results at everY 5-10 degrees a-long the
main axes in- the third. The raurfuer of errors mas smaller in the third riethod than,
in the other two. It was established that these mit-hods cannot be used in scien-
tific investigations i~ftere precise measurement results are sought.
2/2

USSR
CHERNYSHOV k7. N S.
., PAVLOV, A.
UDC 624.07:534.1
"F,xperimental Study of Cylindrical Shells With an Initial Bend Under
Combined Loading"
V sb. Prostranstv. konstruktsii v Krasnoyarsk. krave (Three-Dimensional
Structures in the Krasnoyarsk Region -- Colfection of Works), Krasnoyarsk,
1972, pp 162-167 (from RZh-Mekhanika, No 3, Mar 73, Abstract No 3V309)
Translation: Qualitative results of an experimental study of the stability
of smooth and waffled cylindrical shells with initial irregularities sub-
jected to the action of a combination of external pressure and axial. com-
pression are presented. The waffled shells were prepared by the cl)emical
milling method. Radial displacements were measured during the stepwise
loading of the shell by a transducer of the potentiometric type. Initial
and total bends were expanded into Fourier series and the amplitudes were
obtained as functions of the external load for each o-F the harmonics. The
value at which the rate of growth of the am-plitude of one of the harmonics
of the total bending became infinitely large was taken as the 'breaking load.
1/2

- - . CHERNYSHOV, V. N., PAVLOV, A. S., Prostranstv. konstruktsii v Krasnoyarsk.
kraye, Krasnoyarsk, 1972, pp 162-167
It was established that the greatest effect on the magnitude of the breaking
load out of the entire spectrum of initial defects is shoiin in the initial
amplitude of the resonance harmonic. 0. 1. Terebushko.
2/2
- 119 -

USSR UDC 624.07:534.1
CHgRNYSHOV. V. N.
"Iteration Algorithms for Studying the Subcritical State of a Rod With an
Initial Bend"
V sb. Prostranstv. konstruktsii v Krasnoyarsk. krave (Three-Dimensional
Structures in the KrasnoyarsK Region -- Collection of Works), Krasnoyarsk,
1972, pp 167-174 (from RZh-Mekhanika, No 3, Mar 73, Abstract No 3V328)
Translation: The possibility of the linearization of nonlinear differential
equations for the equilibrium of elastic systems by an iteration process in
matrix form with the substitution of an inverse nonsingular Jacobi matr-'x by
an inverse matrix of the linearized equations is noted. An algorithm is
constructed on this basis for solving a nonlinear differential equation
expressing the subcritical state of a compressed rod with an initial bend.
Comparative results of a solution obtained on the Minsk-22 computer on
solving this problem in the nonlinear and linear formulation are presented
and discussed, and represented in the form of graphs in dimen5ionless coor-
dinates as a function of the initial bend and the compressive force. A. F.
Anishchenko.
1/1

US3R UDC 621.396.6-181-48
GORLOV, Lt. I., YFMKIJIN, V. S., NEKRASOV, V. A., and CHERNYSHOV.. V. V.
"Character of the Changes in the Noise Properties of DTL Type (Diode-Transformer
Logical) Integrated Circuits Depending on Type of Testing"
Sb. tr. p So
Q ppluprovodnikovym materialam,.priboram. i ikh primeneniyu (Collected 1 rk3
on Seuiconductor Materials.. Instruments and Their Use), Voronezh, 1971, pp 182-188
(from RZh-Radiotekhnika, No 11, Nov 72, Abstract No 11 V223)
'Pranslation: The authors analyze the results of tests perfomed on four sets of
micrGeimuits with approximately the same noise level values for each set. The
microcircuits were subjected to various types of influences: effect of humidity,
thermocycling, tests for cold and heat resistarre, and, in addition, all micro-
circuits were subjected to testirg for 500 hours with respect to operational re-
liability at +1250 under switching conditions. Original article: five illustrations,
one bibliographic er-try. N.S.
95 -

043503
uR o482
Soviet Inventions Illustrated, Section I Chemical, Derwent
2"991 Re"yq HESNEMM OF POLYMER hELTS
for 16yntbatte yarns :[a sns~ad by-incor-
porating a nozzle, consisting of two concentrit
finned tub" between the pump awd the spinneret
unit In a spinaLng block. The melt from the pump
passes first thto annular cavity B between the
internal wall of casing I and the external wall of
finized tube 3. The aelt then passes through orifice*
4 In tube 3 and Into cavity T_ between tubes 2 & 3
his agitates the welt and heats It from both
T
aides. During the passage of the melt, its film
thickness is reduced and its viscosity equalised,
ensuring a high degree of uniformity in all
characteristics of the melt. The melt in then
fed to the spinneret unit via cavity A
5.5.67. as 1151538/28-12, SVIRID, S.A. et al.
Synthetic Yarn Producing Machines Res. Inst.
(20.11.68) Bul. 25/6.8.68. -Class 29s, Int. CI.
D Old.

AA0043503
0-
2 B -JA
)7
A
AUTHORS: Svirid, S. A.; Semiletov, V._ A.; Chernyshov, Yu. A.
Vsesoyuznyy Nauchno - Issledovatel'skiy_Institut
blashin dl a Proizvodstva Sinteticheskikh Volokon

i j 3- SR
D c V, -IT
v V .?la
"Realizatirn of :~t --for -1.3-i
"ne 7 1-L
nation of the lxn~irnvters of an,
(if
jUlma-].-Aa, v.
and 1,1 or
o I,
2 "'o 6, INbo-'ract i'o 6"
otion CIven of ~1' rrc,,-
comc-uti-, 4Df 01rr
of a
Ll
procesain,g- of
part ui the paper is Ithe exll,,Lnati-,,n of an a,'lProxitlat Lori
method for dctermininC the inatrix of ;;ucond partial doriwativ(-2.
Authors' abbtract

'IC Y N TH E5 ~r
NITROGEN COMIP'UhD, 0ilGAN
RiES-IMICTI IONS
C LA S I F If ECI
PROXY
C. I R IC C S

~~~ m

USSR UDC 624.07:534.1
CHERNYSHOV. V. N.
"Iteration Algorithms for Studying the Suberitical State of a Rod With an
Initial Bend"
V sb. Prostranstv. konstruktsii v Krasnoyarsk. kraye (Three-Dimensional
Structures in the KrasnoyarsK.Region -- Collection of Works), Krasnoyarsk,
.1972, pp 167-174 (from RZh-Mekhanika, No 3. Mar 73, Abstract No 3V328)
Translation: The possibility of the linearization of nonlinear differential
equations for the equilibrium of elast1c systems by an iteration process in
matrix form with the substitution of an inverse nons ingular Jacobi matrix by-
an inverse matrix of the linearized equations is noted. An algorithm is
constructed on this basis for solving a nonlinear differential equation
-expressing the subcritical state of.a compressed rod with an initial bend.
Comparative results of a solution obtained on the Minsk-22 computer on
solving this problem in the nonlinear and linear formulation are presented
and discussed, and represented in the form of graphs.in dimensionless coor-
dinates as a function of the initial bend and the cob-pressive force. A. F.
ktishchenko.

USSR uDc 621.396.6-181.48
y]WKHR11 V* s.., NEKRASOV, V. A.., and CHM
GoqLOV. NYSHOV, V. V.
nCharacter of the- Changes in theNoise Properties of Dn Type 'Diode-Transformer
Logical) Integrated Circuits DVending on-Type of Testing"
Sb. tr. M poluprovodnikovym materialam,-priboram i ikh primeneniy4 (Collected lVorks
~oii Smiconductor Materials,, lastruments and-Their Use), Voronezh, 1971, pp 182-188
(from RZh-RadiotekhrWcas. No 11, Noy 72P Abstract No 11 V2_23)
Translation: The authors analyze the results of tests performed on four sets of
microcircuits with approximately the s&-ae noise level values for each set. The
microcircuits were subjected to various types. of influences: effect of humidity,
thermocycling, tests for cold and. heat re.sistameil and,. in addition, all micro-
.-Circuits were subjected to testing for 500,hours with respect to operational re-
liability at +125o under switching conditions4 Original article: five illustrations,
one bibliographic, entry. N.S.
95

0043501'
uFt o482
Soviet Inventions Illustrated, Seetiam:I Cherical, Dervent,
22.3991 MVENKM OF ?OLTMER MEUE
foc'.~Yntbettc y#m fig endutied by-incor-
cone-toting of:t*~:
parating &.0iiiXIS concintric
fina" tubas hatwsan-tbe~' pump sx(d~the spinneret
unit In a so L;MLU6 olock~ Th e ftelt:from.the pump
passes firat',. Liao. annular cavity Bbetween
intemal wall of 'casing 1.1 and thceimernal wall of
finned.tube 3. The. malt,then passes through orift cm,
4 In tube 3 and intozaVityj- between tubes 2 & 3
This agitot". the melt And. heats - Lti from both
of.the z4lt, its film
sides. ~, During the 0assage
thickmessAe'reduced and1ts viscosity equaLised,
mouring. a high, degree of uniformitj in all
cbm4atertatics olf: the melt.. The imelt is then
fed to the spinneret-unit vlacavity A
5 .5-67. as A151538/28-11. L SMID, S A. et al.
Synthetic Yam PivOucing.Machines Res. Inst.
(20A1.68) Bul. 25/6.8.60-, -Cl"s:29&, Int. C1.
0 Old.

T.'
'AA0043503
2 -JA
JA
om
Svirid,_.�.. _L; Semiletova V.___ A. Chernyshov, Yu. A.
Vsefiuvuznvv Nauchno,-Issledovatel'skiv Institut
Volokon
13761.8:96

USSR UDC: 519.2
AM SOIT-VEL SKIY G. K. BEIM, TOVA, IT. V. , and CIMRINYSHOVA 1. B
"Realization o-JP- a Method for Estimating the Error in the Determi-
nation of the Parameters of an Rxperimentally Specified Function
les"
of Ilany Variab-
Alma-Ata, v. sb. Vopr. obshch. i -nj~-ikl. fiz. (Ftoblems in General
and Applied Physics--coilection of: worjI,-,s)_9_fa*uka," 1972, pp 63-65
(from RZh--Natematika, 1972, No 6, Abstract No 6V187)
mulas
Translationt A description is given of algorithms and for,
of a program for compating a matri-,c of errors; :obtained in the
from f parameters in the
determination of deviations estimates o
processing of physical.and Chemical 6xperimentto. 2he most in-
teresting part of the paper is the explanation of an approximation
method for determining tfie matrix of fiecond partial derivativea.
Airthors' abstract
- -- - -------

L A S S I F I E D' -~~',!PROI:ESSIING DATE--13NOV70
009:
TITLE-_14DOLE CHEMISTRY. XV. CON 11 ER'S I ON OF AR,YLHYDRAZI~NIVS OF DELTA
OX0.14 IT A I LE SINTO ALPHA CARBOLI.NeS -U-~,
CHE R NY 5.4.
AUTHOR- (03) -YUDI N L.G2., KOST A p N OVAilN.B.
C, 0 UN T R YOF IPJFO--USSR
s ouRC, E-- K H VM .G so Eo I,%. 1970'~ (4), 484--~B
_TEROTSIKL
:DATE PU3LISHED ------- 70
-T AREAS--CHEMISTRY
_SUBJEC
JOPIC TAGS--lN00LEj _p-.KGANIC t4lTRILE COMPOUND, HYDRAZONE, HETEROCYCLIC
7~
NITROGEN COMPOUNDt ORGANIC SYNTHESIS
CONTROL MARKING--NO RESTRICTIONS
:DOCUMS1.1T CLASS--W;CLASSIFIED
REEL/F -3006/1020 S TE F~ NO--UR/O-'tO9/7O/OOQ/OQ4/Olr64/)433
-P.RL.?XY.. R A M E -
';:~SION NC-0013402
CIRC A CC
77
AT I;

;71777-777
2/2, 00c) UNCLASSI.FiEb'! PROCESSING DATE -13NOV70
-~C:IRC ACCESSION Nf)--AP0134732
.._A:BSTRAcT/EXTFACT--(U) GP-0- ABSTRACT. A~M[XT. OF 3.1 G
_METHYL,5jOXQC4PKGN1TKlLE AND 2.7 G PHNHNH SUB2 W AS H E TED 3 HR ON A
WfATER 3ATHt THE SEPD. WATER REMOVED THE f4iXT. EVAPD.11 12.0 ML
-'~A_UH, AODEV TO THE:RESIDUEY A ND TVIE~- MIXT' ~REFLUXED l0IHK:T0 YIELD
_32 'CENT I (R EQU4LS R PRPNE3 EQUALS:H,.'. PR I M I F UALS R 114L-2
OPEk Q ?k
-3UEGRFES (C SUB& H SU86); ACETYL DERIV. (R ;)Rll.1'3) M.
EQUALS ME) , M. 262 c
'132"3DEGREES (ETOH) SIMILAiRLY WERE OBTAINED I (Ri-R PRIMElp R PRIME2,
-P -50EGREES
~_PPVIF3, M.P,, AND PERCENT YIEW GIVEN).: I H, MEt Fir H, 25 7
-(SIC), 8; ME, ME, Hy Hu 260-2_DEGKEl:-'S,' 7; : ME, ~ ME , ME v Ht 268-9DEGREES,
r.-.22.5; d, ME, Ht ACv ll()-11UEGREES,,.93; Pi.Ej 14E, H, AC, 12L-2DEGkEESt 85;
'4E ME, AC,
.,.ME t ~ f 152-301-GREESt,84 FAC I LI TY: MOSK~ GOS. LJNIV.
'JiM. LOPIONOSOVAt MOSCOWYUSSR.
UNC LASS 1 F I

USSR UDC 546.8-4i,543.432.o6z
LUKIN, A. M. t TITOVI V. I., (DECFASED). CffMSHOVAL To V., and YEVDOK1-
MOVAp No No
"Spectrophotometric Determination of Thorium with Chlorophosphonazo III in
Phosphoric AciW'
Moscow, Zavodskaya. Laboratorlya, Vol 39, No i0j Oct 73, pp 1174-1175
Abstracti In the determination of thorium witb chlorophosphonazo III in
phosphoric acid, the reaction takes place in the internval of 2-0-003
molar phosphoric acid with Bear's law observable up to concentrations of
20 Micrograms/5 ml thorium for a reagent concentration of 2.5 - io-5
nolar. This method makes it possible to increase the selectivity of
thorium determination in comparison to Zr, Til Fe, and other metals and is
also more selective than the method u5ing,hydrochloric acid. This method
has been used for analysis of monazite ores. Two figures, one table,
tbree bibliographic refemences.

m
USSR UDC 621-791-75
CMINYSHOVA, T. A., and IMUBRM, M. A.
"Intergranular Slippage in a Fused Zone of Welds Produced by the Electric
Are Under Continuous and Pulsed Welding Conditions"
Moscow, Fizika i Khimiya Obrabotki Materialov, No 1, J--n/Feb 73, pp 120-123
Abstract: Uninterrupted welding of EI-435 allO.Y with tungsten electrode.-, in
argon resulted in much more extensive slippage compared vrith I)IL'sed w-eld-ling.
Slippage amo,,mted to 1.094A( along the transverse gmin boundaries and 1.07,u
along the longitudinal boundaries of the central axial crystallites. These
figures in the case of pulsed welding were. 0 .7,20 and 0 - 590 A4, respectively.
The higher slippage produced by con-t-Inuous welding~lis attributed to (1) much
higher internal stresses within the high-t-emperature, region, (2) slower cool-
ing rate of the hardened metal, and (3) much smoother grain shapes. The
mte
4 rgranular slippage along transverse boutidaries of cz~f6tallites grolm next
to the fused grains within the m1d. zone is larger than along the longizudinaf
grain boundd I
ries, The share of graffis in -both cases, is detormined by the
cooling rate, which is much faster in the case of a pulsed welding.

USSR 'UDC 6214791,052.0104,9.5t669.245
SHORSHOROVj 1-1. KH., Doctor of Technical Sciences, CHEJWSHOVAr~ T. A., Can-
didate-of Technical Sciences, and LOSEVAI G. I., llrn'gineerp Institu
Metallurgy imeni A. A. Baykov
"Grain Boundazy Migration and Intergran-j"'ex Slip in the Veld-Seam Eetal of
Nickel Alloy Joints"
Moscow, Svarochnoye Froizvodstyo, vo 4, Apr 73, pp 6-8
Abstracts The effect of the type and conuantration of alloying elements on
the processes of boundary xi~5cation andAntergranular slip was investi,-,~ted
in alloys of nickel with aluniinun (up to 11 at. %) and n1obiuja (up to 6.5f)
a the -ni
at Alloying of nickel with Al and ospecially Ifl) lower. slip na, -
tude. This Is related to strengthening of the solid solution, i. e., to the
.,th In the grain volume and retardation of dislocatioii
Increased shear strer.-
moven-ant. Measurements of microbardriestand. lattice pzxaneterz sholled tl~at
niobbin strengthens the nat-rix z-oxe strongly than aliminum owing to Inx-o
lattice dis`ortions. hoxeover, in the grains of the Ni-Mb solid solution,
transverse sliD is retarded in connection ~dth the siGgnificantl lo~.erin- of
atacldng Sault, eAera. The effect, of the type of alloying element on slip was
also associated with grain boundary shape. In W.-Al ~Llloys the grain bo-ondariez
are even -and smooth while In Ni-hb alloys the Nb promotes formation of conlplex-
Q I

---- - ------
USSR
SHORSHOROV, M. KH., et al., Svarochnoye Proizvodstvo, No 4, Apr 73, pp 6-8
shaDe boundaries with a high degree of enevoness which prevent slip. Con-
sequently, alloying of nickel with Nb helps prevent:the formation of hot
~cracks for the reasons give above, while aluminum al-loying increaues groirth
~of crack formation in relation to incxv.~ased aluminum-content. Two figures,
13 bibliographic references.

-7
USSR UDC~669:620.179.2
SHORSHOROV, M. Kh. ---T-A~ .KRASOVSKIY, A. 1.
'.,Testing of Metals for Weldability"
Ispytaniya Metallov na Svarivayemost' (English Version Above], Metallurgiya
Press., Moscow, 1972, 240 pages.
Translation of Annotation: Weldability is one of the most important techno-
logical characteristics of a metal, used to evaluate its suitability for the
manufacture of structures.
.In this book, primary attention is given to methods of evaluating
changes in the structure and mechanical properties of welded joints.
Problems of the theory of phase and structural conversions, technological
strength during welding, and various types of brittle rupture of welded joints
are discussed. The criteria formulated for evaluation of weldability can be
used to select methods, technologies, and modeslof welding.
The book in designed for a.broad rar4ge of engineerste-chnical personnel,
and researchers involved in the development and production of utructural mater-
~ials and in the welding and heat treatment of metul structureis, 125 Figures;
12 Tables; 1,51 Biblio. Refs.
miz OF COM"s
Foreword 5

USSR
SHORSHOROV., M. Kh, CREFUNYSHOVA, T. A., KRASOVSKIY, A. I., Ispytaniya
Metalloy na Svarivayemost', Metallurgiya.Press. Moscow, 1972, 240 pages.
Introduction
Chapter I.. Structure and Properties of Welded Joints in Metals and
Alloys
11
1. Phase and Structural Changes in Metals During Welding 11
2. Criteria for Selection of Technology and Mode of Welding and
-Subsequent Heat Treatment of Welded, Joints 39
'Chapter Ill. Methods of Estimatir.. c-.he Inf luence of W61ding Mode and
Subsequent Heat TreL.-,onent on Structure and Properties of
Welded Joints
75
1. Methods of Studying Kinetics of Phase Conversions UrAer the
Conditions of Thermal Cycles of Welding 76
2. IMET-1 Methods 84
3. Tests for Studying influence of Technology and Mode of Welding on
Zone of Thermal Effect
Properties and Structure ox. 89
4. Testing of Resistance to Ageing 98
5. Methods of Determination of Mechanical Properties of Welded Joints 99
Chapter Ill. Tests of Welded Joints for~R.esistanceto Formation of
Hot Cracks 109
1. Mechanism and Condition of Formation of ffot Cracks 109
2/4
71

USSR
SHORSHOROV, M. k%., CHERNTSHOVA, T, A., KRASOVSKIY, A. I., Ispytaniya
M&tallov na Svarivayemost', Metallurgiya Press,:Moscow, 1972, 240 pages.
2. Analysis of Methods of Determination of Resistance of Metal of
Seam and Near-Seam Zone-to Formation of Hot Cracks
3. Methods of Mechanical Testing of Metals in tiie Brittleness
Temperature Interval
4. Determination of Resistance of Metal of Seam and Near-Seam Zone
to Formation of Hot Cracks by Forced Deformation
5. Technological Tests for Evaluation of Resistance of Welded Joints
to Formation of Hot Cracks
6. Some.Examples of Estimation of Resistance of Alloys to Formation
of Hot Cracks
Chapter IV. Testing of Welded Joints for Resistance to Formation of
Cold Cracks
1. Methanism and Conditions of Formation of Cold Cracks During
Welding
2. Methods of Quantitative Evaluation of Resistance of Welded Joints
to the Formation of Cold Cracks
3. Technological Tests for Estimation of Resistance to Formation of
Cold Cracks
4. Comparison of Methods of Testing for Resistance to Formation of
Cold Cracks
3/4'-
113
115
117
132
147
152
152
159
164
172

"F 7- 7= ~7
USSR
SHORSHOROV, M. Kh., CHERNYSHOVA, T. A-., KRASOVSKIY, A, I., Ispytaniya
Metallurgiya Press:, Moscow,1972, 240 pages.
Metallov na Sxrarivayemos't,
Chapter V. Testing of Welded Joints for Resistance to Brittle Rupture 17S
1. -Basic:Regularizies in Formation and Development of Cracks lis
-Criteria for Evaluation of Resistance of a Material to Formation
2
.
and Development of Cracks 179
3. -Methods of Testing of Resistance to Brittle Rupture Under Static
Loading% 185
4. Methods of Determination of Resistance to Brittlp Rupture with
Impact Loading 191
5. Methods of Initiation of Cracks in a Brittle Layer 197
6. Methods of Testing for Local Rupture~of Metal in Near-Seam Zone
with High Operating Temperature 203
~7. -Testing for Resistance to CorTosion Under Various Copditions 209
8. -Examples of Estimating Rcsistanco~ of,'Materials to Brittle Rupture 224
-Chapter VI. Testing of Welded Units and, Specimens of Standard Struc-
tures Under Conditions Imitating Operating Conditions 227
Bibliography 237
4/4
7P

Welding
USSR UDC 621.791.011
KANTOR, M. m., LUJg"QOVA T;. A,., IGNATOV, D. V., and
:SHORSHOROV, It. KR., Moscow
"Electron Microscope Study of the Structure of Welded Joints
of the Alloy TsM-2A"
Moscow, Fizika i Xhimiya Obrabotki Materialov, No 2, Mar-Apr 71,
P -97-100
P
Abstract: F-lectron-micro scope studies were made of the structure
H . -,ade by cathode ray welding in
of welded joints of Ts, -&A alloy, a
various modes. It is demonstrated that processes of crystalliza-
tion of the welding bath and decomposition of the solid solution
n the cast zone of ;;elded joints can be controlled by changing
L C)
the thermal cycles of welding. Decomposition of the solid
solution with separation ol" i-nolybdenum carbide __qlon- thLe grain
boundaries was found n the cast formation of the second phase
epends on the thermal cycles of weldina. Decreasing the ctiemi-
d C3 U
cal heterogeneity of the cast metall by welding in seve-re miodes
or by holdina; at temperatures above the phase separation point
1/1 1
can be used to prevent formation of the second phase.

A.; 10. A.
7-~.'nfL c,.
A,-c Under
:A i
mo-cow,
Uzi L!
No
of
re sul-,'-~~d exten.,,-.-
If- tlic T", 5' jT 't
"CS
'11ong L "0'i L!
f-,[Turc-,
Tilt-,
C-ed ccn-.-ti
in
inter - -14
e S e bound r! e, c-
tG
ispa cl.-II-in'.., n t
ow
ill L
C.Q0

USSR
SHORSHOROV, M. KH., et al., Svarochnoye Proivvodstvo, No 4, A-)r 73, Ip 6-6 ,
shape boundaries with a high dogree of eneveness which preverit 6lip. I:c,n-
sequently, alloying of nickel with Nb helps prevent the forlaz tion of E A
cracks for the reasons give above, while alumintmi alloying ii creases g ~()wth
of crack formation in relation to increased aluminum content, Two figxes,
13 bibliographic references.
212

USSR
UDC 669:620.179.2
SHORSHOROV, MI. Kh. , KRASOVSKIY, A. 1.
"Testing of Metals for Ifeldability"
Ispytaniya Metallov na Svarivayemost' [English Version Above], Metallurgi-a
Press, Moscow, 1972, 240 pages.
Translation of Annotation: Weldability is one of the most important --.c-iio-
logical characteristics of a metal, used to evaluate its suitability -or the
manufacture of structures.
In this book, primary attention is given to methods of evaluat-.ng
changes in the structure and mechanical properties of welded joints,
Problems of the theory of phase and structural conversions, techno2:)gicEl
strength during welding, and various types of brittle rupture of wLded Join.;s
are discussed. The criteria formulated fcr evaluation of weldabil-ty c,,n be
used to select ra--thods, technologies, and trodes of welding.
The book is designed for a broad range of engineers, technicil. pereoi,ael,
and researchers involved in the development and production of strctural mater-
ials and In the welding, and heat treatment of metal structures. a.
2 Fi, u*-e
32 Tables; 151 Biblio. Piefs. TABIX, OF CONTENTS
Foreword 5
1/4

USSR
SHORSHOROV, M. Kh., CHEINYSI[OVA, T. A., KRASOVSKIY, A. I., Ispytaniva
Metallov na Svarivayemost', MetalluTgiya Press, Moscow, 1972, 240 pags's.
Introduction 8
Chapter I. Structure and Properties of Welded Joints in Metals and
Alloys 11
1. Phase and Structural Ch;-:nges in Metals During Welding 11
2. Criteria for Selection of Technology and Mode of Welding and
Subsequent Heat Treatment of Welded Joints 39
Chap-cer 11. Methods of Est4-mating the Influence of Welding Mode and
Subsequent Heat Troatment on Structure and Properties of
Welded Joints 75
1. Methods of Studying Kinetics of Phase Conversions Under the
Conditions of TheTmal Cycles of Welding 76
2. IMET-1 Methods 84
3, Tests for Studying Influence of Technology and Mode of Welding on
Properties and Sti,ticture of Zone of 'I'llerillal L:ffect 8
4. Testij~g of Resistance to Ageing 9,;
5. Methods of Determination of Mechanical Properties of Welded Joint~ 9)
Chapter 111. Tests of Welded Joints for Resistance to Formation of
Hot Cracks j;J9
1. Mechanism and Condition of Formation of flot Cracks 11)9
2/4
- 71 -

USSR
SHORSHOROV, M. k
Ch., CHERNYSHOVA, T. A., KRASOVSKIY, A. I., Ispytanjya
Metallov na Svarivayemost', Metallurgiya. Press, Moscow, 1972, 240 jages.
2. Analysis of Mi-thods of Determination of Resistance of Metal cf
Seam and Near-Seam Zone to Formation of Hot Cracks 113
3. Methods of Mechanical Testing of Metals in the Brittleness
Temperature interval 115
4. Determination of Resistance of Metal of Seam and Near-Seam Zone
to Formation of Hot Cracks by Forced Deformation 117
S. Technological Tests for Evaluation of Resistance of Welded Joints
to Formation of Hot Cracks 132
6. Some Examples of Estimation of Resistance of Alloys to Formation
of Hot Cracks 147
Chapter IV. Testing of Welded Joints for Resistance to Formation of
Cold Cracks 152
1. Mechanism and Conditions of Formation of Cold Cracks During
Welding 152
2. Methods of Quantitative Evaluation of Resistance of Welded Joints
to the Formation of Cold Cracks 159
3. Technological Tests for Estimation of Resistance to Formation of
Cold Cracks 164
4. Comparison of Methods of Testing for Resistance to Formation of
3/4 Cold Cracks 172

USSR
SHORSHOROV, M. Kh., CHEINYSHOVA, T. A., KRASOVSKIY, A. I., Ispytaniya
Metallov na Svarivayemost', Metallurgiya Press, Moscow, 1972, 240 pages.
Chapter V. Testing of Welded Joints for Resistance to Brittle Rupture 17S
1. Basic Regularities in Formation and Development of Cracks 175
2. Criteria for Evaluation of Resistance of a Material to Formation
and Development of Cracks j79
3. Methods of Testing of Resistance to Brittle Rupture Under Static
Loading 185
4. Methods of Determination of Resistance to Brittle Rupture with
Impact Loadina 191
5. Methods of Initiation of Cracks in a Brittle Layer 197
6. Methods of Testing for Local Rupture of Metal in Near-Seam Zone
with High Operating Temperature 203
7. Testing for Resistance to Corrosion Under Various Conditions 209
8. Exam les of Estimating Resistance of Materials to Brittle Rupture 224
p
Chapter VI. Testing of Welded Units and Specimens of Standard Struc-
tures Under Conditions Imitating Operating Conditions 227
Bibliography 237
4/4
72

Welding
USSR UDC 621.791.011
KANTOR, M. If., QERITY~HQLA. T. A. , IGNATOV, D. V., and
SHORSHOROV, M. Mr., Mfoscow
"Electron Microscope Study of the Structure of Welded Joints
of the Alloy TsM-2A!l
Moscow, Fizika i Khimiya Obrabotki Materialov, No 2, Mar-Apr 71,
pp 97-100
Abstract: Electronmicroseope studies were made of the structure
of welded joints of Ts*A-2A alloy, made by cathiodE ray welding in
various modes. It is demonstrated that processes of crystal~iza-
tion of the welding bath and decomposition of the solid solution
C,
in the cast zcne o_f --elded joints can be controLled by chancing
the thermal cycles of welding. Decomposition of the. solid
Solution with separation of molvbdenum carbide along the grain
boundaries lwas found! in the casl- 4-ormation of t-he second pnase
depends on the thermal cycles of welding. Decreasincr the chem4_-
0 ti
cal heterogeneity of zhe cast metal by welding in severe modes
or by holding at temperatures above the phase separation point
can be used to prevent formation of the second phase.
1/1

USSR L_ UDC 539.4
LOSEVA, G. I.,, and CHERIMHOV..-T. A*. Moscow
IlBoundary bligratiOn and the Intergranular Slip in Veld Seams
of Nickel"
Moscowl Fizika i Khimiya Obrabotki Vilaterialov, No. 5, Sep-Oct 71,
pp 143 -146
Abstract-: Quantitative investigation data of the migration of
grain boundaries and the intergranular slip in ,-,eld se ams of
nickel are Dresented. The investigated specimens viere of pure
nickel, their seams %,iere produced by electron-becan meltinr7, --nd
the grain slipping .-ias investigated by help of an interferometer.
The investi.zation results are discussed by reference to micro-
photographs showing the migration of grain boundaries in the weld
seam and of interference lines on the grain boundary. 21. diagrm
shows the slin dcDendence of the grain on its di.--meter. The dis-
location structure of the weld seam ahere the mi-,ration passed
shows that the migTating boundary `aa-shes off " crys-tUalline imper-
fections by producing a material with a correct-ed crYstalline
1/2

USSR
LOSEVA, G. I. and CHERTMZHOVA, T. A., Fizika i Xhimiya Obrabotki Materialov,
No 5, sep-Oct 71, PP 143-146
lattice. In the reqion Tahere the boundary migration passed, the
microhardn-ess is 10 ~'~ lower than near the stationary bo-wridary
and somewhat lower th;--n the hardness in the grain center. Four
illustr., 11 biblio. refs.
2/2
113 -

LW,R
uDc 669-295.dt6.43
MJBAN, N. N., DAVYDOVA, T. YA., CHERNYSHOVA, T. A., KOPYLOVA, YE. A.,
KOLDOBSKAYfL, K. N.
""Solubility of Tita-mium Tttrachloride in Melts of Alkali and Alkaline-Earth
Metals"
0 rastvorimosti c1le' .-,-rek!Lkh1or-_;sto,7o titana v rasDlavakh shchelochn,,,I~h i
shchlochno-ze~-elln-,.,*--',--.-.et,allov, instizu_te of Vetallurgy and 3eneficiation,
Kazakh B Academy of 6ciences,, AL-na-Ata, 1970, 88 pp, ill, 11-entry
bibliography (from RZh-!,.-3tallurF,-iya, No 4, Apr 71, Abstract 110 4G227DYeP)
Translation: The results of stiidying TiC11, solubility in melts rmde up of a
mixture of chlorides of alkali and alkaline earth v:etals, which has signifi-
cance in the processes of chlorinating raw material containing Ti and when
purifyJng TiCll,, are diE;ci1fjsed. The solubility of TiC11, dependr, little on the
temperature or the composition of the solvent. It depe_Ls -to sc!.'lc extent on
the duration of the ex-e_-irnnts. According to infrared spectroscopic anad
petrographic anallycis data, the solubility of V.Cll,. In a melt of chlorides of
alkali and alkaline earth metals is directly related to the pretence of
residual water in it. 'Iffiere are 6 illustratir-is, 5 tables, and an 3-1-enLry
bibliography.
7C

Welding
USSR
LTDC 621.791.011
A., IGNATOV, D. V., and
KANTOR, M. M., ~CHF
Oyla
SHORSHOROV, M. KH., ~R68GOW
"Electron Microscope Study of the Structure of Welded Joints
of the Alloy TsM-2A11
Moscow, Fizika i Khimiya Obrabotki Materialov, No 2, Mar-Apr 71,
pp 97-100
Abstract: Electronmicroscope studies were made of the structure
of welded joints of TsM-2A alloy, made by cathode ray welding in
various modes. It is demonstrated that processes of crystalliza-
tion of the welding bath and decomposition of the solid solution
in the cast zone of welded joints can be controlled by changing
the thermal cycles of welding. Decomposition of -the solid
solution with separation of molybdenum carbide along the grain
boundaries was found in the cast formation of the second phase
depends on the thermal cycles of welding. Decreasing the chemi-
cal heterogeneity of the cast metal by welding in severe modes
or by holding at temperatures above the phase separation point
can be used to prevent formation of the second phase.
1/1

112 032 UNCLASSIFIED PROCESSING OATE--040EC70
TITLE--REMOVAL OF A:ETYLENE IMPURITIES FRO OM GASEOUS HYDROCARBONS?
POLYMERIZATION OF ACETYLENE ON A COPPER ALUMINUM SPIWEL CATALYST -U-
AUTHOR-(03)-CHERNYUAl G.P.j AGROSKINg I.l.t FLID# R-M-
.'CCUNTRY.OF INFO--USSR
~.--SOURCE-NEFTEKHIMIYA 1970Y 10(2)o 201-8
~OATE PUBLISHEO-----70
SUBJECT AREAS--CHEMLSTRY
TOPIC TAGS-POLYMERIZATIONt ACETYLENEt CATALYST ACTIVITY, HYDROGEN,
ETHYLENE, COPPER, HEAT OF REACTION, CATALYST REGENERATION
.CONTROL MARKING--NO RESTRICTIONS
.~..DOCUMENT CLASS--UNCLASSIFIED
~'PROXY REEL/FRAME--3006/0954 srEP NO--UR/0204/70/010/00;-1/0201/0208
CIRC ACCESSION NO--A1101.54672
t j'j" 1 C LI-F

2/2 032 UNCLASS IF I ED PROCESSING DATE--OttDEC70
CIRC ACCESSION NO--AP0134672
ABSTRACT/EXTRACT--(U) GP-0- ABSTRACT. THE PREPN. OF THE CATALYST WAS
DESCRIBED EARLIER (G. P. CHERNYUK, ET AL., 1970). THE CATALYST ACTIVITY
DEPENDS LARGELY ON ITS ACTIVATIO N (OR REGENERATION) TEMP.; THE OPTIMUM
IS 900DEGREES FOl' 1-2 HR. DUE TO HIGH CATALYST ACTIVITY ITS SP. SURFACE
AREA HAS LITTLE EFFECT ON THE REACTION RATEi AND SPACE VOL. VELOCITIES
LESS THAN OR EQUALS TO 30,000 HR PRIME NEGATIVE1 ARE POSSIBLE ON THE
SOLID BED CATALYSTS. THE CATALYST SHOULD CONTAIN 20-5PERCENT CU; LOWER
AMTS. OF CU PROMOTE THE FORMATION OF H AND ETHYLENE AS WELL AS OF THE
SOLID POLYACETYL.ENES (1). -THE EFFECT OF TEMP. ON THE REACTION RATE
CONST. IS GIVEN BY K EQUALS 11.34 EXP(MINUS 5100-RT). THE POLYMN.
ACTIVATION ENERGY AND THE EXOTHERMIC HEAT OF REACTION ARE 5 PLUS OR
MINUS I AND 60-70 KCAL-MOLE RESP* THE HEAT OF I CONOUSTION 15 9-10
KACL-G, WHICH SUGGESTS THAT ON THE INDUSTRIAL SCALE THE FLUIDIZED
CATALYST BEDS ARE NECESSARY FOR ADEQUATE HEAT DISSIPATION DURING BOTH
THE POLYMN. AND REGENERATION CYCLES*
A 5 s ! F I F 101

-1/2 023 UNCLASSIFIED PROCESSING DATE--040EC70
.TITLE--EFFECT OF PHASE AND CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS.OF COMPONENTS OF
~.~..SAUSAGE MEAN ON ITS THERMOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS,-U-..
,AUTHOR-(02)-BABANOVv G.* CHERNYYP Ao
COUNTRY OF INFO--USSR
SOURCE-MYAS. IND. SSSR 1970* 41(2)9 31-4
OATE PUBLISHED ------- 70
,SUBJECT AREAS--B-IOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
TOPIC TAGS--FOODt PROTEIN, THERMAL DIFFUSIONP THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
'~~.CONTROL MARKING--NO RESTRICTIONS
DOCUMENT CLASS--UNCLASS[FIEO
"PROXY FICHE NO ---- FD70/605015/007 STEP NO---UR/9086/70/041/002/0031/0034
CIRC ACCESSION NO--AP0140599
UNICI_' AS S IF IE D_

2/2 023 UNCLASSIFIED PROCES S ING DAT E-04 Dl--k. i
.CIRC ACCESSION NG--AP0140599 16-
'ABSTRACT/EXTRACT--(U) GP-0- ABSTRACf. EMPIRIC FORMULAS ARE GIVEN FOR Til,,-
CALCN.,OF THE COEFFS. OF THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY AND CONDUCT13ILETY A%9 OF:
I BEEF AND PORK ME-AT AND OF P(JRK FAT SHOW1 G
THE SP. THERMAL CAPACITY OF t.:
THE HEAT EFFECT AT 20-80DEGREES. FACILITY: UK.R. NAUCH, ISSLED,
INST. MYAS. MOLOCH. PROM.o USSR*
L A S S 1 F I E f)

uR o482
AAOP40740
Soviet Inventions Illustrated, Section I Cbemical, Derwent
~42325 ARC !?~M"ING,4URXACE hearth is siy~tric-
ally 'donvex so"that it expands towards the
charging window.ind narrows towards the notch,
whilst the electrodes lie in the narrow portion to
provide continuous iron making. The charge is fed
in continuously into the bath (3) df molten metal
and thei charged lumps draw heat from the metal
whichhas been produced by the arc between this and
the electrodes (4). The position of the notch (6)
ensures that the bath meniscus remains at a constant
level. Surplus flows out thus to a teeming arrange-
ment for re-pouring Ato cast product. Slag also
runs off continuously thus keeping the bath clean
and receptive to the heat from the arc. The
hottest metal flows off continuously, some of it
is turbulised near the periphery and returned to
the bath to melt the slag component.
A.et al.PEHZA
19.5.67 as 11-57178/22-2.CHERNYI.A.
cOMPRESSOR WORKS. (2.9.69) Bul 15/25.4.69. CLass
3191. int.CIJ 27 b.
19750406

AA0040740
19750407

AA0040740
AUTHORS: Chernyy, A. A.; Grachev, V. A.; Marienbakh, L. M.; Ivanbv,
D. P.; Kurbatskiy, 1. L.; Scom-s---nov y, e. .; anul PavleDko,
N. S.
Penzenskiy Kompressarnyy Zavod.
19750408

o482
4AO040704- uR
7el
Soviet Inventions Illustrated,. SectionI Chemical, Der-went,
240946 'IRON SMELTING TN A GAS-FI~2 CUPOLA blows it
previousry thermallycracke~d hydrocarbons
during melting so as to promote assimilation by the
iron of the carbon involved. This gas is themally
cracked by passiig it round in conduits let into the
cupola lining and thus emerges as a heated mix of
carbon black and gaseous hydrogen. This is suitable
for continuous carburising of the iron in the cupola.
1.2.66 as 1052704!22-2. GRACREV.V.A.et al.(19.8.69)
Bul 1311.4.69. Class 31a. Int.Cl.B 22b.
AUTHORS: Grachev) V. A.; Chernyy) A. A.; Mariyenbakh, and
KU-r-B-ats ly,
1-- 0 C-

I=
uDc.. 621.791-76-.621
SCROCHINSKIYI A. P., Candidate of Technical Sciences, KONVISHER, B. YA., RYNDEWKO,
V. V., and CLWRM. A. SH.. Engineersq Planning-Design Bureau of Electrohydraulics,
NikD3.a.7ey
*Welding by the Electric Exploding of the Conductor"
Lievg AvtomatIcheskaya Svarka, No 91 Sep 73t pp 54-56
Abstract: Welding by the electric exploding of the conductor involves the follow-
ing: electric energy is fed from the storage device (a capacitor bank) to current
conductors where a wire explodes and forms a powerful shock wave which moves in a
radial direction. Under the effect of the shock wavet the element being welded de-
forms and moves at a high rate of speed towards the surface of the fixed element.
Welding takes place during the collision of the elements.Good joints were produced
from sufficiently plastic uniform and differing materials. Factors which affect
weld qual-ity are indicated.
72 -

Szlr-2-3~z Ana-1-1 -zts and Stabil-*,-~,..- I,--,,d-*,-23
LI '4 u rc 4:L i + 6 2 2 + 6,26-131
3 . 1 CP- E-H G a~! (.'.!I
v CV, L )
Deformirovanive srect ~ri 6~,,-.amicheski?h ("efcrra"GII of
t4cm-ressible Ledia Under '-,:nam4c Loads), Kiev, 1111'aukcva. dullika", 1~71, 175 r-F,
bi-blic, ilbuc, 1,CCO ccTiP5 yrinted
The -,cncFr--r,- ccnc-4,ders -",bc- rrccezscs of de-f'crme---"cr. z;n(,' i--revcrzible (~efc=aticn
of loose ratprials. T7-1-sults zr-~ c 4wn of thcoreUcai i~-1.,diils c*' ~hc d-,n~-o-.-Jic- c7'
'lie Irc ation of dctonation waves in natuxaily
Lpelastic ccr-Tres.,z7,ibI-c- r~cdia and -6 ~ -~ag
derosited soils and rE-.sF:arch results cn the r-easuremmt of 6eform.-aticn ficlcis
w in the zones c'L -'~nfbiiencc- of detcnations. Laluati(ns of state of co~.i~sive oilsarr:
7
metal row-flers are orta~.icd e;qcxjrerta1Iy for i.,i-,ilsive loIndir-i- and w~xiolls
time ramnevrs. The criteria for correqcndence of c;q r-r],mcrJual and ti-Fo-etical
research are diocuss(A.
The r.-,,,cnqrzh is intended for use by cngincerin[--.-,~~chnical 7..-orkers, tcacchr;rs
and stur-le-its at the
Tlic mtIcrs v-pre ht:..I,,-cd by lcaden-'cian G. S. Fis~?xc.-.-Lko in Ue wcrk.
112

`.A.Voi%lc3 G. 1. 'Chrmy, A. G, Smirnov, T-jefomation of
D,nardc Lo~:,ds, hiev, 1571, 175 rr, ccn'uld
vonterits
Fcreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 3
llh~~.Ftcr 1. The Fatterns of Befornaticn of Ccnmrressil I I C., 1 ~'e di- a 5
Martor II. Txjer-Ir.,ental Studdes of tb,, Froragat-ion of Irlastic and
Elastic Ccrression -,~.!aves Diring LxFlosicns '.llitli I.--al
S)"-=,,etry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
CMrter 111. of Ue Deformatien of Cettain Loc,-;e i.aterials . ... E 3
Charter IV. Fluctuaticri of 7-11tration and Otul-z-r OhLrec-u ristics cf

,ohesive Soils during Fefor-.aticn . . . . .
C
. . . . . . . . 135
(,'hart(,.r ~'. Scrp I-'et'nccir, !4-id 1'cans of Var~-ing the 1-arrmr t~-,rs of Stress
,,~.aves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I . . . . . . . . . . 155
H blil or,rny h.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

USS R bDC 591.3.85.5:577.37:598.97+612.819.8.014.423.019
GOLU9EVA, T. B., CHEWi-YYj A. G., and WYICHEV, V. D., Soil Biology Faculty,
Moscow University 'Imeni-M-T-lomonosov
"Tctal Responses of the Auditory Nerve in Relation to Parameters of Acoustic
Signals in the Owls Asio otus and Athene noctua"
Leningrad, Zhurnal Evolyutsionnoy Blokhimii i Fiziologii, Vol 6, No 2, Mar/Apr
70, pp 215-224
Abs',ract: The relationship of totai responses of the auditory nerve to the fre-
que.icy, intensity, duration, and sharpness of increase of sound signals, and also
to :he length of the interval betwtc~a paired signals, was studied in the owls Asio
otui nnd Athene noctua. To determim the response, the potential of the C-ochlea
was measured bilaterally by means of permanently implanted electrodes. A maximum
of nensitivity was found at 4-5 and 3-4 kc for Asio otus and Athene noctua, re-
spei-tively, which corresponded to that established in studies of bird behavior,
and was close to the frequency range of noises emitted by rodent prey. These
nois,ea are used by the owls to locate their prey (the source of high-frequency
sour.d. can be located more precisely than the source of sounds of lower fre-
quer,cies). Characteristics of the sensitivity of hearing in owls with respect
to frequency were related to morphological differences in their auditory systerns,
1/2

US,'R
UDC 613.6-07:612.143
ZU."M&NOVICH, V. A., Institute of Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Krivoy
Rog
"Type of Work and Arterial Pressure"
Moscow, Gigiyena Truda i Professional'nyye Zabolevaniya, No 3, 1970, pp 16-19
Abstract: The effect of physical and mental work on the incidence of arterial
hypertension was studied in 6000 workers employed in the mining industry. The
sub.jects were subdivided into groups according to their diurnal energy expendi-
tun!s. It was determined that arterial hypertension occurred significantly more
ofti-n among workers engaged in mental work than among those doing physical work.
Subjects performing hard and medium-hard labor showed more arterial hypertension
thatt those. doing MV,11t phyllical warK. The desirability of Lratiorerring miners
with elevated blood pressure, operating within the "danger zone" or those with
arterial hypertension to light physical work is questioned.
1/1

III. Mathematical Cybernetics
A. Theory of Controlling Systems
USSR
CHERNYY, D. YE.
"The Connection of Partial Mill and Moore Automata"
Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zavedeniy. Matematika (News of Higher Edcuational
Institutions. Mathematics], 1973, No 4, pp 113-119 (Translated from
Referativnyy Zhurnal Kibernetika, No 9, 1973, Abstract No 9V428)
Translation: A method is suggested for conversion of a partial Mill
automaton into an equivalent partial Moore automaton which continues
it and vice versa.' It is shown that if the initial automaton is re-
duced (that is its states are incompatible by pairs), the converted
automaton is also reduced. The method suggested is a generalization
of the method of Ibarra (see Russian translation in El Tekhnich. Kiber-
netika, 1967, So 25) to cover the case of partial au
and sufficient conditions are found for which the partial Mill automaton
will be a Moore automaton with shifted label function.
1. GrnnskiN
1/1

USSR uDc 629.7-018.3
CH2kRNYY, G. G., C"orres-ccnding Member of the USSR Academy of SC4ences,
CHE UTYAVSM, S. Yu., Scientific Research Institute of Mechanics, Moscow
State University imeni M. V. Lomonosov
"Motion of Blunt Bodies at High Velocity in a Hydrogen--Oxygen Atmosphere"
Moscov, Doklady Aklademii -Nau.R SSSR, Vol 212, No 2, 11 Sep 73, pp 316-319
Abstract: To determine the conditions of existence of a stationary detc-
nation wave, an experimental study was done on the influence of pressure
of a stoichiometric hydrogen-oxygen mixture 2112 -f' '2 Z~nd ight speed on
the Dattern of flov ar=,nd a spherically blunter-, cylinder 12.7 mn in
eter. The models were fired from a gas gun into the mixture. T'he flow
pattern was studled by the schl-Jeren method usinE: a spark light source with
fle--h du_-a-_4_cm of D.n-:: vs. The -Dressure of the mixture was varied frcrrl 50
to 380 mm Hg, and model velocity was varied frnm somewhat ],~sq thnn Lhe
detonation vc1celty tQ valuer, appreciably greater thart the detcnratiorl
7elacity. Station-ary f1c;-_* conditions were observed at velocities below
the detonation velocity (up to 2.88 km/s). An abrupt change in the flow
pattern occurred when the model of the velocity -was increased to '-3.006 'lumn/S
112

USSR
CHERNYY, G. G., CHEEPNYAVSKIY, S. Yu. , Doklady Akademii NaLnk SSSR, Vol 212,
No 2, 11 Sep 73, pp 3106-319
with initial pressure of 186 mm Hg. The detonation wave does not arise in
the flov zone in immediate proximity to the model, but moves in the direc-
tion of flight of the model at the normal detonation velocity. Steady-
-state flcw can be maintained with increasing velocity if only the pressure
is increased simultaneously.
212
- 31

.112 048 UNCLASSIFIED PROCESSING DATE--30()CT70
T ITLE:--UNS I L A UY ONE Oli-ILNSIC1,1AL MOTIONS OF INFLAMMAGLE GAS MIXTUqEs WITH
I ThE FGf,"MATICti UF DETCNATiLIN TYPL WAVES -U-
AUTHlit-,-(04)-Kfil~L)BEYNIKLIV, V., LEVIN, A., IMEOVEDEV, S.A., CHER;,JlYl, G.G.
COUNTRY GF INFC--USSR
SGURL i:--Ml0SK'-VSK I I UN IV ER S 1 1 ET l V ES T,% I K r SER I I A L ME rE MAT I KA ,PlICKHANI KA ,
: 7VOL . 25 , i"AR. - APkl . 1970, P. 12'~- L34.
DATE P:JbLISHED----7G
S U 3J L F t:;". S i4Y S 1 C S , P Ri-D, PL) L S 10 N AN D FU E L S
f G A t G T 611111 f4 T 1 ~ I., , D Eo i%i iA r I C t, s fic c K vat v ~Ei
REY-%JLi)S l,.Ui`lbER
ENTI-CL lvA~Klt,.G--N0 RESTRICTIONS
DOCUt-':_t~J CLtSS--UNCLASSIFIED
PRJXY fEfL/FKAM.E--I999/I491 STEP 2510L '~'4
CIRC AC-CESSICN N'fj--AP0lZ33l)4
U!IJC- L-A S ~ 1 F 1, F D

2/2 048 UNCLASSIFIEU PRGC E J'Al T E3 0 T 7 C
ClRC ACCESSILIN N!3--AP0123394
ABSTRACT/EXT', ACT--(U) GP-0- ABSTRACT* THEOKETICAL STUDY F ~ GROUP _Jf-
PkLi;3LE:,YS (:CNGERNlNu THE UNSTEADY ONE DIMENSIONAL HiCiTION U -: ;~',EACTING GAS
MIXTUkLS IN THE PRESENCE OF DETONATION WAVFS. IT IS SHG~-' 'N T H AT
SUPi-RCOMPRLSSLU DETONATION WAVES, SUCH AS ThOSL PrtoDUCEa 6v THE
OF it PISlClv OR DUE TU THE INFLUX OF EXTERNAL ENEkGY, ARE TRANSFORMED
IN't-1) CHAPN*,A;4-JCUGUET SELF SUSTAINING lAAVES v%HEN THE HEAT DfSCHAkGE: ZONE
IS .-iNFINITELY THIN. A CONDITION IS FOUND UNOER WHICk-L A PLANE UErO-~,;ATION
WAVE FKL-NT ALAKENED BY A TRAILING REREFACTION WAVE CAN BE TRANSFO-01ED
INTO A CHAPKAN-J'OUGUET WAVE BY AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD AT SMALL
MAGNETIC REYNOLDS NUMBERS. A MATHEMATICAL CRITERION FOR THE ASYMPTOTIC
CONIfEf-,SION UF A DETUNATION WAVE WITH A DOUBLE FRONT STRUCTURE INTO A
CHAPMAN JGUQUET WAVE. IS DISCUSSED,
UNCLASSIFIED

ReCO17ders and TransdUcers
0"21-391.82:621-396.2
LUTSENIKO, Ye. Ye. , CIIEPdkrYI', G. P. , BONDAR-ENKO, V. P.
"A Device for Fecording the Two-Dimensi oral. Distributilon Function of Pulse
Noises in Co=runications Channels"
USSR Author's Certificate No 253117, filed 15 Apr 68, nublishei 9 Mlar "10,
(from RL7h-Rad-*~o~.e.-~,in-*-"r---, fllo -0, Peb 71, Abstract No 2j'-;181 F )
Translation: This AuthcrIs Certificate introduces a device which Derm-its
recording a t-wo-dimensicnall distribution fixnction of' Dulse noises (with
respect to tire rate) on m- gnetic ta-pe vith a high dec-fee of reliability
which is independent of the intensity of the pulse noise. A unit which
shapes a pul.se series is connectedl -at the channel out-,)ut between the out-ut
of the device and arm)lltlirle selectors with a common ~lol'rit. which is connected
to the input circuit through a circuit for JiSolating the noj.-.;c voltar,(!
lope. The nurm:ber of pulses in the series is proportional. to the mm.-Cizmun
abso'Lute vallue o-r' the noise envelope which exceeds the optr-ratinF thrf--shold
of the k-th se-lec-~ar, wh---re Ir is the nunber of selectors Which have ouerated.
The devic-~ iS -.s a chiannei u'vicli is not taken uD wl th inz-ormation.
A. K.

MIS 573~8
20 octobor 19':,.
HYDRAULIC JET FLOW OF AN IDEAL LIQUID
AND GAS-LIQUID MIXTURES
Selacted translations from Russian- languagr! periodical
.L No 19 197 1, pp 3-9, 9-14, 14-24, Kiinv.
CONTENTS G E
rerfor=nce at a meaction Engine with an Fjccto,~ Shroud
(0. V. Logvinovich) ..................... ....................
Numerical Solution to Clio Problem of Cooling u Hot Gas Bubble in
Liquid
(V. M. lvchenko. ot al.) .....................................
On the Theory of Gas-Ilydraulic Propulsion Engines
(I. M. Chernyy, at al.) ......................................
2::
USSR
Qc

UIX21 522-5219-5,331-,-6,
al,d vnny:~,,r
CHERMCL-JI-M. 'IFIR11MOD'IM, Pl. A.jl Y,I. G., Tristil-1,A,:: of
mechanics of the Acaderv of Sciences of the ULrainian Soviul; Sccialict
"To the Theory of Gas-lliydra,jj~c En ine Inst-M-lations"
Gidromekhanika,,
T'I'lic nf : ')c, of
the
J.n t-le of

Oll `::,70 ot, C r
v c c I; CC.

j;j,

11
U-
1 Cl
J.'
t e c

G

IL Combinatory Analysis and Graph Theory
A. General Combi-natory finalysis Theory
USSR UDC: 519.1
MI RKIN, B. G. , CHERNYY, L. - B.
"Some Problems of a Space of Partitions"
Novosibirsk, Mat. analiz ekon. modeley--sbornik (Mathematical
Analysis of Economic Models--collection of works), Ch. 3,
1972, pp 126-147 (from RZh-Kibernetika, No 5, May 73, abstract
No 5V426 by A. Lapshin)
Translation: The authors consider the problem of measuring
the proximity between different partitions of a finite set of
objects. On the basis of some fairly natural conditions the
authors introduced a system of requirements to be satisfied
by the measure of proximity of partitions, and showed that
this system of requirements uniquely characterizes the un-
known measure of proximity, namely the Hamming distance
between the contiguity matrices of the partitions. A number
of expressions are introduced which relate the distances be-
tween partitions to specific features of different types.
It is found in particular that the mutual relations of ordered
1/2

USSR
XRNYY,_~_.P,., Mat. analiz ekon. modeley, Ch.
MIRKIN, B. G.,
39 1972, pp 126-147
and unordered partitions in the resultant space do not appear
sul"ficiently natural; this shows that the measure of proximity
found by the authors should be used very carefully in the
presence of arbitrary features, although this does not preclude
its use for features of identical type.
The appendix gives an a-program for calculating the
measure of proximity between-qualitative features of arbitrary
type in accordance with formulas given in the article.
2/2
- 38 -

USSR
TSAREGRADSKIY, L. Ye., CHERNYY, N. Ye., MAKSIMNK0, A. A.
"Trce.-'Fyep File Processing Subroutines for the Minsk-22 Digital Computer"
Avtomatiz. Upr. Prom. Predpriyatiyami [Automation of the Control of' Indus-
trial Enterprises -- Collection of Works], Kiev, Tekhnik.1 Press, 1972, pp 107-
110 (Translated from Rcfcrativnyy Zhurnal Kibernetika, No 4, 1973, Abstract
No 4V646, by the authors).
Translation: Problems of the organization of tree-type files encountered in
development Of automatic control systems are studied. A set of standard
programs for processing of tree-type files is described. In particular, the
set includes the operations of formation of information retrieval files, as
well as certain other -standard file processing operations. The problem of
placement of information in the file is presented as a "knapsack Problem."

US5R UDC 621.735-043-016-3:66a.14.016.252-3
CFERM-YU~ F-, ALISrRATOV, L. I., BEREZIN, A. A., GAMIN, A. A., KOVIKO,
V. S. # KULIKOV. N. I. , SPUSKA!,iM, V. Z. , and SRrOKM..AN, A. D.
"Industrial Introduction of Technique of Hydropressing of Tool Billets From
Steels R18, R12, R9"
Moscow, Kuznechno-Shtampovocrnoye Proizvodstvo, No 8, Aug 71, pp 11-12
Abstract: Experimental investigations at Dnepropetrovsk Phy'sicotechnical
Scientific Research Institute, Academy of Sciences Ukrainian SSR, showed
that the cold plastic deformation of billets of bigh-sppeed steels R18, R12,
and R9 by the hydroDressing method results in significant refinement and more
uniform. distribution of the carbide phase. Investigations of R18 steel bil-
lats following hydropressing, annealing,and heat finisning shoved an increase
in the mechanical properties and thermostability of the steel, while Droduc-
tion tests of 10-mm-diameter reamers showed a 60-70 percent increase in tool
durabil!-ty. Hydropressing of cylindrical round-.qection billets from R18,
R3.2,and R9 bars up to 30 mm in diameter has been introduced at one of the
1/2

USSR
CHERNYY, YU. F., et al., Kuznechno-Shtairpovochnoye Proizvodstvo, No 8, Aug
?1, pp 11-12 1
Donetskaya Oblast plants. A model P479 hydraulic press is used for billet
deformation. The hydropressing setup consists of a hiRh-r)ressure multilayer
contoiner, rod and die with gasketing, an upper and lower plate, and a cer,
terer and fastener. The tool billet bydropressing process provides for the
preparation of initial billets, straining of the billets,and their subsequent
treatment. h'bl2M steel (HRC 57-59) is used for the die. The economic advisa-
bility of using the technique of high-speed steel hydroorassing for the
fabrication of tool billets is based mainly on the increased tool durability
as a result of the improved structure and physicomecb&nical properties of
the steel after deformation. There is a saving in high-speed steels because
the billet comes as close as possible to the tool size.
2/2
- 20 -

Foraing
USSR
UDC: 621-777.01:669.14.253
CH--PdP---Y Yu,.P SPUSYJt1'.Y_jX, V. Z. , and VfADSICLYI~1, A. -4 -
"Cold Plastic Deformation of R18 Steel by the Hydroextrusion
Method"
Moscow, Kuznechno-shtamDovochnoye proizvodstvo, No. 5, 1971, pp
12-13
gations into
Abstract: This article gives the results of investi~
the conditions of hydroextrusion of R18 steel rods, the structure
and characteristics of th~_- steel after the deformation, and the
8trength of an instrument made of the extruded rods. T-he extruded
specimens were made in machines mounted on hydraulic Dresses, model
P474A, providing a stress of 100 tons, and model DOA37, witil a
stress of 500 tons. The machine consist-s of a high-prcssure con-
tainer, a piston,and matri---is with gaskets for centering and fix-
ing, the produced material. Durin.- the experimentation, the pres-
sure in the operating cylinder of the press is recorded thrcur4h a
manometer and a recording device; Fromthese data and the results
of load calibration, the specific stress of the extrusion process,
i.e., the pressure on the transverse cross section olf the container
opening, is computed. Initially, the steel usud was R18, hot-
rolled and annealed; it was then tempered by heating to 730-7700 C
112

Cn-R14'YY, Yu.
No. 5, 1971,
Yuznechno-shtampo-v-ochnove proizvodstvo;
for one hour and cooling in
rods, measuring 20-35 mm. in
tion and determination of t
stated that the techniques
with a diameter of UP io 30
duction Drocesses of one of
oil. The mechanical qualities o
diameter, were measured after de
e hydroextrusion stresses. It i
f hydroextrusion of hi6h-speed s
mm have been introduced inio the
the Donets Oblast enterprises.

UDC 533.95:538.4
KUKSA, Yu. 'G., MOM, A. S., KHMARA, I. S., and D.
"Action of Electrodynamic Three-Dimensional Forces Under Pulse Excitation
V sb. 7-ye Sovesch. Do magnit. gidrodinamike. T. 3 (Seventh Conference on
Magnetohydrodynamics. Vol 3 -- Collection of Works), Riga, "Zinatne,"
1972, pp 61-64 (from RZh-Fizika, No 11, Nov 72, Abstract No 11G16)
Translation: Several magnetoacoustic quantities are evaluated theoretical-
ly, particularly forces excited in the action of a pulsed field on liquid
metal in a crucible Dlaced in an inductor. The action of magnetic field
pulses on zinc and aluminum in a ceramic crucible after the cooling curve
enters the horizontal segment was analyzed in accordance with the theore-
tical data. The pulse duration of the action was 10 ~sec and the pulse
repetition frequency varied in the range 0.16-2 Hz. It was found from an
analysis of the data that pulse electrodynamic action is assisted by reduc-
tion of the grain; liowever, the degree of reduction depended on the frequency,
and the optimum was within the limits 0.16-1 11z. A uniform distribution of
p9rosity over the entire volume of the metal was observed in all modes.
Also tested were resonance conditions for pulsed action on the crystalliza-
tion of steel castings. In this case resonance and reduction in grain size
was observed at a pulse repetition frequency of 25 Hz. V. L.
1/1

USSR UDC 534.2.001.5
CHERNYY, Z. D. , and SHIKAMET, Yu. M.
"Theoretical-Experimental Investigation of the Electrodynamic Method of
Producing Different Types of Ultrascund Waves in Metals"
Tr. NII Introskopii (Transactions of the Scientific Research Institute of
A VyT) 6, 1972, -PP 3-1-P (from ReferativnT), Zhurnal -- !,etrolo~i-
Introsco'D I - , 7 ~ .
Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No 9, 1972, Abstract Ile-To 9.32.5021/
Translation: It is reported that the investiCation of the possibility of
producing, different tmes of ultrasound waves and of the conditions far obtain-
ing them in samples is one of the basic problems to be studied with the new
electromar--netic-acoustic converter in ultrasound deltectoscopy. The electro-
dyramic method of producing elastic .raves in norLmagnetic electrical cond,.lc-lin~7
isotropic sar,-;-)les by means of a constant or variable mar-netic field is ccn-
sidered. In order to carry out appraisable calculations and to obtain
'lie qj,_._j4t..;Qt,
converter sensitivity, an expression was found for the elect
intensity and stress, consisting of a superposed roll in tne constant ma, -,netic
field obtained by different orientations of the latter. (7 illuStrationS,
1; bibliographic entries)

USSR uDc 615-917:547-234-9'222-2
AMMEWA., ZH. I. , _(Z and BOLTUSIRCINA, L. A., institute of iabor
Hygiene and Occupati-onal Diseases, Leningrad
"Pathogenesis of Granosan Intoxication"
Moscowl Gigi.yena Truda i Professional'nyye Zabolevaniya, Na 11, 1972, pp 21-24
Abstract: The effect of t;ranosan was studied by subcutaneo;.ts injection of
5 mg/k." twice a week into Tale white rats weighing 180-240 Vrams and intra-
peritoneal injection into ra-le mice weighing 18-25 grams of 5 rr,,g/k~, daily for
20 days. The threshold of electrical stimulation was measured, the berialiora-1
effect of phenamine, apomorphine and reserpine was studied and urinary levels
of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, epinephrine and norepinephrine were st,ldied.
Serotonin levels were measured in brain and stomach tissues. It was observed
that changes included increased irritability, lessened effect of phenamine,
apomorphine and reserpine action compared to controlsY and altered tryptophan,
serotonin and catecholamine metabolism, althou6h no change in norepinephiine
levels in the brain was found.
1/1

USSR
ABRAMOVA, ZH. I., CHERNYY Z KH
UDC 577.1:615.7/9
"Mechanisms of Adaptation to Industrial Poisons. The Role of Blood Circulation
of Catecholamines and Serotonin in the Formation of Protective Adaptive Re-
actions"
V sb. Nauch. osnovv sovrem. metodov gigiyen. normirovanniva khim. veshchestv v
okruzhavus~chey srede (Scientific Principles of 'Modern 2~!ethods of Hygienic
Normalization of Chemicals in the Environment -- collection of works), Moscow,
1971, pp 105-110 (from RZI-i-Biologicheskaya Khimiya, No 13, Jul 72, Abstract No
13F2139)
Translation: This is a brief survey. Data are presented on the basis of which
the authors draw the following conclusions regarding the possible mechanism's
of the formation of protective adaptive reactions of the organism to the effect
of extremal stimuli, including those of a chemical nature: neuro-reflex and
neurohumoral means of mobilizing the physiological reserves are insured by
the mono=ne-energy structures supporting the ergotropic &nd trophotropic
functions; the increase in circulation of the pyrocatechinamines (especially
noradrenalin) and seroLonin is the basic triggering mechanism of mobilizing the
reserve possibilities of the organism.
75

USSR
BOLTUSHKDIA, L. A., ABRAMOVA, Zh. I., PROMOROV, V. N., and CHEIRdEY, Z. Kh.
OUlcerogenic Effect of Chlorophos"
V sb. Nauchn. sessiya, posyyashch. itogam raboty Leningr. NII gigiveny truda
i Prof. zabol-evaniy za 1968-1969 gg., 1970. Tezisy doki. (Scientific 3ession
Devoted to the Results of the !-.ork of the Leningrad Scientific Pesearch Ln-
stitute of 1--.bor Hygiene ard Occupational Diseases for 1968-1969, 1970: Sun-
maries of Papers -- Collection of V.Torks), Leningrad, 1970, PP 29-30 (from
RM-Farmakologi.va, Khimoterapevticheskiye Sredstva,_ Toksi-kologiva, No 4,
Apr 71. Abz;tr-.-tct No 4.54-709 by A. A. AVIGiBIRNKO)
Translation: Chlorophos in a dose of 150 mg/kg for 10 days was administered
internally to male rats. Findings: change in acidpepsin 'Lactor; positive
Pauls' index; inhibition of blood cholinesterase activity; insic-nificant
changes in serotonin. content of subcortical brain for:,ztions and gastric
tissues. Un,-:Ier the combined action of chlorophos and ulcerogenic facLors
(reserpine 5 mg/kg, atophan 500 mg/kg, stress) destructive lesions of the
gastric wa-1-1 were --ore pronounced. The authors conclude that chlorODhos
affects thei gastrointestinal tract.
1/1

1/2 022 UNCLASSI FIED PROCESSING DATE--040EC70
TITLE---STEROLS IN FUNGI OF THE FAMILY BOLETACEAE -U-
YU.P.t SHIVRINA, A.N,
COU NTRY OF INFO--USSR
SOURC(:--MIKOL. FITOPATOL. 1970, 4(2), 187-93
:-DATE PUBLISHED ------- 70
SUBJECT AREAS--BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
TOPIC t'AGS--FUNGUSv PROCESSED PLANT PROOUCTv AQUEOUS SO(AIT(ONt SOLVENT
-:EXTRkCTION, CHEMICAL PURIFICATION, STEROLv IR SPECTRUMt UV SPECTRUM
CONTROI. MARKING--NO RESTRICTIONS
DOCUMENT CLASS--UNCLASSIFIED
PRWY FICHE NO ---- F070/605001/EI2 STEP NO--UR/9063/70/0041002/0187/Ot93
CIRC ACCESSION NO--Al'-0139385
UNCLASSIFIED

2/2 022 UNCLASSIFIED PROCESSING Dt-TE-04DECY0
~-'IRC JiCCESSION NO-AP0139385
ABSTRIiCT/EXTRACT--(U) GP-0- ABSTRACT. THE AIR DRIED, HO~;OG"':'11ZED F-UNG1
SUILLUS BOVINUS, S. VARIEGATUS, AND LECCINUIN AURANTIACU-M WERE EXT0. WfTif
ETOfl IN A WATER BATH. THE EXT. WAS SAPONIFIED WITH 5PERCEINIT ALC. K-11-il
SOLN, FOR 4 HR. AFTER SHAKING SEVERAL TIMES WITH ET SU32 0, THE Ef SUB-'
~Q E)T. WAS EVAPD. IN VACUO. THE RESIDUE WAS DISSOLVED IN C SU86 It SIJ86
fNO TRANSFERRED TO A COLUMN FILLED WITH AL SUB2 0 SUB3. Tw: srER~3L
COMM. WERE SEPD. BY ELUTION WITH PETROLEUM ETHER, C SIUBO H SUB6, Er
SUB2, 0, ET SUB2 O-MEOH ( 1: 1 AND MEOH. THE ELUATES SHOWING A-
LIEBERMANN 6URCHARD COLOR REATION FOR STEROLS 4ERE COMBINED. THE
STEROLS WERE SEPD* BY USUAL METHODS AND RECRYSTD, FROM VARIOUS SOLVENTS.
ALL.16 STEROLS SEPD. WERE DERIVS. OF ERGOSTEROL. BY UY AND LR SPECIRA
AND M. P. DETN., ERGOSTEROLt 5*01HYDROERGOSTEROL, AND
22,01HYDROERGOSTEROL WERE IDENTIFIED. FACILITY: BOT. INsr. im.
KOMAROVAt LENINGRAD, USSR.
UNIC L I

'M- Jj+
fihi- _auah' i U M -1
by-, i the u.,
_2Vtp 4P 0~~
-- ------ _0 UM-PP.
ModulA ion--
PU
1,11oscow, Radiotekhnika i elektronika, No 8, 1972, pp 1628-1631
Abstract: The essence of the method for -,rotectinn, auantiLm para-
magnetic amplifi-ars from saturation by test pulses in pu1se radio
relay communication is Civen in an earlier paper by the second of
the authors named above, published in the same journall
1968, p 2019). The function of the present paper is to sho,.-,- that
the transient Drocess of steadying the inversion coeffi.cient can
be fully or at least substantially eliminated in IL-he amr.-lifier it-
self by varying the initial waliie of the coefficient. A 1,-ossib_-;_e
method of realizine- this variation, by regulatin- the duration of
the muses in th.-_- ami:1-iloier operation, is examined. The results
of an experimental s-Uudy of the repeated inc-1-usion of puiziping as
a method of elim-IiIII-ating slow transient processes are presented,
and an osci'lcgram of~~ these nrocesses in a ruby is re-
produced. A description of !he experim-ental apparal;us _JS C, iv e n
1/2

USSR UDC: 621.~75.8
SMIR1,11011A, T. A. , CHERPA-Z, 1'. T. , and SH.L!16~~PLOV, Yn - -1, -
"Special Case of UTHF Ruby Quantirn- Amplif ication"
Gorlkiy, Izvestiya VUZ--Radiofizil-.a, No 10, 1972, pp
Abstract: This brief commiunication reports the exnerimcntal obser-
va,,ioil of simult~anreous inversion olf the 1-2- and ',',--4 1(,ve,1 1o,-,u_1a-
tions in ruby at a w~~velength of approximately 4 cm. The quantim.
paramgnetic amplifier used in the experj=acnts had --n ampli-fica-
tion factor of G = 20 dB and a band width of 1_,sf = -1 .5 Pa1z, and a
resonator completely filled with dielectric. The I)ulll)in(-- 1;avu-
len"th was 1.5 cm and thr- mametic field inti_~nsity H = 1.7 k0e.
The possibility of obtaining the populatic)n inversion iii the Zee-
man ievels of the 1-2 and ~-4 transitions by I;hc- usse of a puM.,A-M~
frequency coinciding ~.,rith the 1-4 trzansition J.'requei-icy Im- been
predicted, 4L,-11 an earli~~,r paper (11. D. ot .1"&_%r...1Y1tDV,1,1e
usiliteli -- Quantum -f-m-pl-ifiero -- In--! t i t u 1. na u c -hr, -,Y 1i 21i 1" 0 1, 1 a_1; 11
Ito,,,i nailki, seriya Fizika, .1966).

USSR UDC 539-89 +
532-78
BERTMAN, A. A., YEPA14CHINTSEV, 0. G., Academician SAMA.RIN, A. M.(deceased),
CHFAP9V n- R. and SHENYAYEV, A. Ya., Institute of Metallurgy imeni A. A. Baykov,
AU-cFe-nq of Sciences USSR
*Structure and Properties of Cast Iron Crystallized under High Pressure"
Moscow. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR (Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences USSR).
Vol- 195, No. 1. p 67-70, 1970
Abstract: Experiments have shown that pressures of the order of 1000 atmospheres
applied to melts during cooling markedly affect crystallization of metal and im-
proves its structure. This is especially true for alloys, including cast iron,
having so-called colloidal microinhomogeneities. The structure and properties
of cast iron melted and crystallized under pressures of 3 to )0 kbar are studied.
Barothermic tests were made on gray cast iron having the eutectic composition of
3.8% C, 2% Si. 0.3% Mn, 0.25% S, and 0.15%P. The sample was heated to 12000C
under 30 kbar pressure. The test pressure was applied by a 200-ton press and
was reached in 3 minutes, whereupon the sample was heated. The sample melted at
approximately 11900C and was h" at 12000C for 1 to 2 minutes. Then the sample
was cooled slowly ((" 3 dog/sac) or rapidly (-v 200 dog/see) to room temperature.
1/2

USSR
BERTMAN, A. A., et al, Doklady Akademi-i Nauk SSSR, Vol. 195, No. 1, pp 67-70, 1W0
Pressure was then removed. The initial structure of the samples was perlitic,
with branching inclusions of graphite. After barothermic processing, the graphite
inclusions disappeared. Slowly-cooled samples exhibited a structure typical of
pre-eutectic white cast iron with primary austenitic dendrites and ledeburite.
Elevated pressure noticeably increases the quantity of austenite and produces a
fine structure. Metallographic analysis showed a dark component at the boundar-
ies of the austenite dendrites and fine inclusions of a light phase. The dark
phase was enriched with Si; and the light, with Mn. Both contained carbon. The
structure of the fast-cooled sample resembled tempered steel and had dark needle-
like components reminiscent of martensite. The hardness of the slowly-cooled
mWles increased by a factor of almost 3 as compared to the original metal. and
wear resistance increased sharply. Orig. art. has 8 refs.
2/2
- 146 -

USSR
WC 4".26g5".45g543.226
MSEYEVA, T. I., CHEFSTVMOVA, YS. P., NIKOL-SKIYo V. A.o and DENNOVA, V.I.
ODsterainaUou of Free Carbon In Metallic Beryllium"
Xoscow, Zavodskaya Laborstoriya, No 4, 1973, PP 397-400
Abstracto A therzogravisetric study was made of the rate of burn out of
metallic beryllium and its carbide. The analysis was done in air on a
thernobelance, with continuous weighing with slow - warm-up of the furnace up
to 11200 0. The beryllium carbide produced by caking of metal oxide with
carbon black contained 7.4% 0, 6.4% free Co and 33.3% bound C. The free C
was found to oxidAze more rapldly and at a lower temperature than carbon
carbide. Theo suggested method of determining free C in metallic beryllium
la Wwtd on burn up of a weighed mwple of the material in a stream of
mtygen with subsequent gas-chromatographic measurezent of the separated
carbon dioxide. The quantity of carbon carbide In any of residues after
d1rect deteralnation of free carbon was found to be equal to Its Initial
content. Results of the activation analyala confirm the accuracy of the
Wthod. Three figures, three tableaq eight bibliographic references,
1/1

USSR
UDC 536.46:533.6
ZARKO, V. Ye. , MIKHEYEV, V. F., ORLOV, S. V., ICRELEVNOY, S. S., CHERTISHCHIS,
"On the Characteristics of the Ignition of Gun Powder by a Hot Gas"
V sb. Goreniye i vzryv (Combustion and Explosion -- Collection of Works) ,
Hoscow, "Nauka", 1972, pp 34-37 (from RZh-11ekhan1ka, No 3, Mar 73, Abstract
No 3B933)
Translation: Combustion characteristics are investigated under conditions of
c.inductive and convective heat transfer from a hot gas and the lirAts of ap-
plicability of the thermal theory are determined. The objects of investi.aation
were nitro-lycerine gun powder and compressed nitrocellulose. It is shown that
there exists a region of condition in which ignition is determined prcferentially
by the parameters of the solid-phase reactions for substances with a complex
reaction mechanism (in the solid and gas phases). The preponderance of -lis-
phase reactions is achieved under conditions of conductive heatino by a rise in
pressure (due to ballasting of the reaction inIxture by inert gas); under ccnJi--
tions of convective heatinc, it is due to intense escape of gaseous products of
1/2

USSR
ZARKO, V. Ye. , et al, Goreniye i vzryv., Moscow, "Nauka", 1972, pp 34-37
the decomposition of the high-speed gas flow. The second method of heating
0
is less suitable for the study of nitroglycerine gunpowders and othcr explo-
sives, the melting temperature (softening, liquefication) of which is lower
than the ignition temperature. 5 ref. Authors' abstract.
2/2
q -1

USSR UDC: 669.2951293:669.788
MIMEYEVA, V. 1. , CHERTKOV, A. A-., Moscow
"The Hydrogenarion of Alloys of Titanium with Niobium"
Moscow, Jzvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Metally, No 6, 1973, pp 96-100
Abstract: The authors studied the hydrogenation of T.i-Nb system alloys and
certain properties of the hydride phases formed. It was established that the
absorption of hydrogen by alloys containing up to 79 at. % Nb remains
practically constant and corresponds to 2 g.at li/g.at Me. For hydrogenated
alloys containing less than 79 at. % ni.obium, a face-centered cubic lattice
similar to that of CaF? was established, while further increases in the con-
centration of niobium Eause the appearance of a second phase with a body-
centered cubic structure similar to niobium monohydride. The products of
hydrogenation of alloys with tip to 79 at. % Nb, characterized by the maximum
absorption of hydrogen and face-centered cubic structure, can be looked upon
as solid solutions of substitution of titanium dihydride and niobium
dihydride.
1/1

USSR
UDC 778-37
VANMOV, M. P., YEVDOKD-IOV, S. V., HILOV, YE. V., and.~HEM~0.11A. A-
"A Laser With Periodic Modulation of Quality for High-Speed Filming"
Moscow., Kvantovaya Elek-tronika., No 3, 1971, PP 108-110
Abstract: This brief article examines a laser which emits individual series
of light pulses at a wavelength of 530 nm at a repetition frequency of the
pulse train of 15 kHz. The authors examine the design of a quality modulator
of a master oscillator operating on neodymium glass. They describe the
theoretical circuit of the radiation converter and cite the results of testing
the oscillator. Figure 1 shows the master oscillator operating at a wave-
length of 1060 nm and describes the operating elements. The quality modulator
is an optico-mechanical system consisting of rotating rectangular prisms. The
radiation frequency converter operates in visible radiation, since the photo-
graphic film used has a comparatively low sensitivity in the infrared band.
The supply unit consists of 20 condensors,-_iPOO A4f each, and 20 inductance
coils of 40 jjh. This supply source ensures laser operation at a repetition
frequency of 1160 Hz. Tne required power does not exceed 500 w. The authors
found that the radiation has the form of ordinary gigantic pulses from the
laser. Their duration is 40-50 nsec and the scatter in amplitudes of the
1/2

USSR
VANYUKOV, M. P., et al., Kvuntovaya Elektronika, No 3, 1971, pp 108-110
pulses does not exceed 20-25% for the first 10-12 pulses.
energy of 2000 J the total energy of the series of 30 pulses
at a vavelength of 1060 nm. After converting the radiation
harmonic, the total energy of the series of light pulses was
length of 530 nm. The authors mention that the frequency of
obtained in the series is not maximal for equipment of this
increase in frequency, the efficiency of such an oscillator
tends toward the value of the efficiency in a mode of free
article contains 2 figures and a bibliography of 6 entries.
2/2
With a pumping
comprised 16 1
to the second
2.1 J at a wave-
pulse repetition
type. With
is improved and
oscillation. The

Radiobiology
USSR UDC 617-001.-?8-06:616.441-089.87)-092.9-089:616.419-089.843
CHERTK V. I. L* Professor, NDIENOVA, N. M., Professor, NOVIKOVA, M. N.,
KOTLYAROV,--A-.kf, MALANINA, V. N., UDALOV, G. A., ROGACHEVA, L. S., and
SHEPSHELEVICH, L. I., Laboratory of Myelo-Hemotherapy of Acute Radiation
Sickness, Pathological Anatomy Laboratory, and Cytological Laboratory,
Central Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, USSR 111inistrv of
Health, Moscow
"Transplantation of Allogenous Bone Marrow to Thymectomized. Irradiated
Monkeys"
Moscow, Problemy Gema,~ologii i Perelivaniya Krovi, Vol 16, No 3, Mar 71,
pp 45-53
Abstract: Since transplantation of allogenous bone marrow to Irradiated
animals for the purpose of alleviating radiation sickness gives rise to
a secondarv disease due to differentiation of the transplanted tissue Into
lymphocytes tinich enter into an immunological reaction with the host, a
study was perfamed in w-hich thyra-ectomized mon-keys were irradiated with
800-1,000 r and thert given allogenous bono. marrow transplants- The th-;nior--
tomy did not prevent the development of the secondary disease, but made it
1/2

USSR
CHERTKOV, I. L., et al., Problemy Gematologii i Perelivaniya Krovi, Vol 16,
No 3, Mar 71, pp 45-53
considerably milder and promoted regeneration of hematopoiesis of the
donor type. Histological examinations indicated that bone marrow stem
cells play an important role in the development of the secondary disease.
2/2
- 19 -

Radiobiology
USSR uDc 612-ool.28-092.9-089:616.419-089.843-06.616-013.13
UDAIDV, G. A., and CHERTKOV, I. L. Central Institute of Hematology and Blood
Tran fusion, moscow
"Chromosome Aberrations in Bone Marrow Donor Calls Transplanted to Irradiated
Mankeys))
tT
Moscow, Byulleten, Eksperimentalnoy Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol 71, .1o 2, Feb 71,
PP 97-101
Abstract: Baboons and rhesus monkeys were irradiated with Y-rays in a dose
of 800-100 r for 1 1/2-2 hours and then giXen transplants of autologous or
allogenic bone marrow in ar-ounts of 2-5.10- viable, nucleus-containing cells
per kg of body weight. Feriales were used as donors and males as recipients
in the allogenic transplantation. 3ince allo-enic bone marrow produces ain
mDnkeys a pronounced secondary disease with differentiation of aemopoietic
lyrphoid cells and rapid aller.-ic breakdown of the emerging irwaunocytes, this
portion of the study was condiucted with thymectomized monkeys (operation was
performed 1 1/2-3 months Prior to the experiments). No pronounced secondary
illness developed in these animals. It was found that 10-15 days after
irradiation, up to one third of the hematopoictic donor calls oxhibited
112

USSR
UDAWV, G. A., A al, Byulleten Eksperimentalnoy Biologii i Eedits:LnY, 'V01 71,
No 2, Feb 71, PP 97-101
structural chromosome lesions: chromatid and isochromatid- fra.=ents. Within
three weeks, the nuaber of injured cells was reduced. Similar damage to
hematopoietic cells was observed also after autotransplantation of bone marrow.
It is proposed that chromosome aberrations are caused by viral Lnfections,
%hich are quite probable under the conditions of acute radiation sickness.
2/2

Hydrobiology
USSR
CHERFMV.1 V.J? Special Correspondent of Pravda in Kryr=kaya ObInst.
"Are There 'Intellectuals' in the Sea?"
Moscow, Pravda, 13 Sep 73, p 6
Translation: Perhaps he was fated to solve the riddle of dolphin lan-uaUe, but
he did not naruia--e to do it. And possibl~y he did not manage. to prove the cropo-
site, that the suppositions concerning the intellect of these inysterio-'as anim13
are unfounded. Either way, had lie lived longer he would certai.r.!,,r have contril-t-
uted somethiDg to our knovledge of dolphin life...
Arkadiy Sergeyevich Sheiu -- he vas called the mstm of a thousand ideas.
He was simply br:L-. ming, with ideas. And the rernoy-y he left behind him vas c;f a
man rich in talent.
Slnein loved the sea, and many of his 1-1.nventions were linked to it. 1113
directed a laboratory of hydroacoustics, grew emormous crystals artificiall,
and used thhem- to create va--lous acoustic effeetts.
I recaLl- hrov Ser,;eyevich di-agged us away to t-lie sea in order to
actually show us the new acoustical devicc. lie had thouzlit u-o. A cale was blowinl-
and evening mas coming, and we did not want to leave the cor:Xortable 1n:Dn-r-atorf
1/8

USSR
CHERMOVY V. I Pravda, 13 Se'-3 73, p 6
at all. But you could not get around his tempernent! We gave in. And -then when
we were on the deck in the whistling wl-nd, he said:
"I am trying to solve the riddle of dolphin
In recent years I have had an opportunity to talk. with rany scientists Vao
were investigating the life of the dolphins, their body which is extr-acmdinarily
perfect for swimung, and t1neir matchless "living locater, " which is capable of
finding a three-millimeter ball in a swimming pool. All of them recog-lized the
resourcefulness of these animals., but as soon as things cajr,e to a auestion of
-Whether they are intelligent creatures, the answer invariably followed: "Long
years of observation have not confirmed this, although..."
In fact, there is a great deal that is winning in the behavior of dolVhinc.
upon meeting them -, one is amazed at many things. Several years ago I chancr;-d to
spend time with sailors in the I-Torth Atlantic. Once., nDt far from. lfewfa%indland
I believe, we noticed a great movement itt the or-~ean. 'Foe dolphius were 'passiu7-~;-
7herc were so "-ny of them, both large and on-all, that it all reseifoleI come kind!
of Grandiose marine migration.
Everyone poured out on deck. The dolphins were !-~iready rubbing arainst
the side and jur.Ting high above the waves, plainly not v-~~ntin- to palt with thke
humans.
2/8

USSR
CHERTKOV) V., Pravda, 13 Sep 'T3, p 6
"Kostya, play somethin.g, they love it," someone asked the cook.
He run and got his accordian and the strains of "The 'Waves of the Amur"
floated over the ocean. The "stupid" gulls continued their tiresome screechin~-
behind the stern) breaking their wings in the battle for scraps, but the dolphins,
they were suddenly transformed. They gathered in a group at the bov of the ship,
as if taking the first rows in a theater, and began to i,~histle- 14hat vere they
expressing? Was it ecstasy or were they trying to catch the rnielody? In an- case,
they were plainly not indifferent to music.
"Look, they are talking with. us, " everybody said..
Probably it war, this episode that sharpened nW interest in dolphins. And
when I had an opportunity, I tried to meet people who itere ctudyinlcr, the 'Life and
habits of t-he "intellectuals of the sea."
But are they intellectuals? S'Ludying the structure of the cerebral cortex
of dolphins, V. Kesarev, associate at the Brain Institute of the Academy ar
ical Sciences, came to the conclucion that this .9tructure is prinitive and
If monotonous." The brain of dolphins is lar~;c in reig because of the stron-ly
)it
developed sutucor-tical fom-ations "~wtich are related to the v,:,rk of the sonar
apparatus and processing aural information, while in the huran the wei~~ht is in
the cortex."
3/8

USSR
CHERTICOV) V., Pravda, 13 Sep 73, p 6
HiLman attention to dolphins becwn,-- especially great in connection with
the experiments of the Arrerican biologist John Lilly, who began his studies of
dolphins about 10 years aGo. He is the one who proclaimed the dolphins "intel-
lectuals of the sea."
The scientist was amazed that he was able to t;each one of his dolphins
several English words and even certain phrases such as: "more, " "ul),w,-- rd, " and
"tall-, louder".. Allut after all, talking parrots are also well-luiown. T'nere are
even phenomenal ones. I knew a Leningrad machinist who had a parrot that aeliv-
ered whole tirades, and they were even recorded for radio.
Lilly was unable to teach the dolphin to speak in but his work
gave impetus to further study of these animals.
Does this mean that we will never establish oral contact wltli the dolphin?
But then we do not derand that dog speak with us in huran laan;~uaa , "Dut the
.1 6a.
dolphins are the dogs of the sea," I was told by Anatoliy Titov, a young scien-
tist at the Karadag Biolo_.Acal Station who has conducted experiments i-dith dolphi"2s
for several years.
"It would seem to be true that dolphins can be t:c-,Ar:r,,d rapidly," Anatoliy
pys. "But it is not. There have been cares wlicra we were n(A able to get
21C

USSR
CBERTKOVI V., Pravda, 13 Sep 73, p 6
anything for two months even though we suggested something elementary to them
such as coming at a signal ... Any mongrel dog would have understood v-hat vras
wanted of it."
I know that many will find that this destroys the pretty fairy tale of
the dolphins. But we also love our four-legged friends, who have perfo=~ed many
services for humanity. They were the experimental aniixils for Academician- Pavlov,
they were the first to fly in space, they have dragged children from fires and
wounded men from the field of battle, and they protect the borders ... The dolphin
too can be domesticated and used extensively in the sea. It is possible that he
will be just as rmach a friend to humans as the dog has been. The American
"s
aquanaut have already used a dolphin as a courier. Worth-inile w3rk vill be
found such as finding sunken ships, protecting people against sbarks, and drivinE
schools of fish into nets ... M3ere in plenty of work in the sea, vhere man is
penetrating nore and more often.
Elolphims are surprisingly contactable anO. good-rAturccd. 'fhey often rrake
friends with people and, as with many ira=~als and birdn, it in ea y to
s k, F~_,et then
to resDond to artificially produced siLmals. Once a dolphin nar-ped Grays escaped
from the dolphin station. In captivity lie had ke-pt to hincelf and been a little
5/8

USSR
CiMRTKOV,, V., Pravda, 13 SeD 73., p 6
bit wild. Suddenly a report ca:ne from Yevpatoriya that Gyi-kys i..,as roalrang near
the children's beach and, causinf, panic among the mothers, had begun to play witn
the young swiTaIers. Finding hi-:,iself in freedom, the dolphin had not left the
coast; he was drawn to people. And when he was captured in order to be returned
to his place, he fought; he did not want to leave the children. If it had not
been for Nikolay Baryshnikov, a man who loved thbse creatures and is no,,,, prepar-
ing a book about them, we do not what would have happened to Gyuys.
Ni-kolay began to whistle like a dolphin. And I rmst say that in his souna
signals he even catched the individual nuances. With this lie has often embar-
rassed experimentcrs who huve rushed to record the whictleo,, thirjkJnf-, that they
were coming from the animals. So Ilikolay began to "talk" with Gy-Litys, who calmed.
down.
Of course, there could not be any conversation between them. They sirmly
loved one another and Gyuys was listening in order to imitate the voice of
Nikolay Baryshnikov, who had elicited a response to an artificially proluced
signal.
Experi-ments have been undeniay at dol-phin statieois for a long tim-a but
-V led by Anatoliy rRit':W
there are still riany myst-eries. One of thern was r c--
6/8

USSR
CHERTKOVJ V-, Pravda, 13 73, p 6
was mentioned above. There were cases where dolphins stopped using echolocation,
and for long times. That was strange. Nature had given them a perfect location
apparatus so that it would work constantly; it carried precise information on
surrounding objects and even helped find food at night. It would seem that life
w1thout It would be unthinkable. But suddenly they "swltch it off." For a ti-me...
The refinement of dolphin movements is amazing. Shipbuilders even try to
give their vessels the shapes of the dolphin body. Av the way, the well-kno,~M
American atomic submarine Thresher had a dolphin-like shape. 'There has been an
attempt to put a soft cushion resembling dolphin skin on a torpedo. According
to reports from foreigr sources the experiment proved successful; drag was Sig-
nificantly diminished.
Doctor of biological sciences Yuriy Glebovich Aleyev, who woriks at. the
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of the AcadeiW of Sciences Ukrainian
SSR, tells many interesting things about dolphins. Once he was conducting an
experiment in the hydrodynamic channel with the simple, good-natured creature
emon the dolphins -- the Azov dolphin or porpoise. T-he dolp1hin moved the
channel, and a tracking photo apparatus above the water followed him. If the
7/8