STATUS OF THE HOOVER REPORT 1949-1953 VOLUME TWO

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86B00269R000300010014-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 46
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 30, 2003
• Sequence Number: 14
• Publication Date: September 1, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

CONTENTS
Introduction ................................................................................. 3
.....................
Section 1, An Analysis, Recommendation by Recommendation .................... 4
Section II, Unfinished Business ........................................................................ 35
Appendix A, A Reconciliation of Various Estimates of the Number of
Recommendations Made By The Hoover Commission .............................. 43
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Action on Recommendations
of the First Hoover Commission
SEPTEMBER, 1953
MEMBERS OF THE FIRST HOOVER COMMISSION
Herbert Hoover, Chairman
Dean Acheson, Vice Chairman
Senator George D. Aiken Senator John. L. McClellan
Representative Clarence J. Brown Representative Carter Manasco
Arthur S. Flemming George H. Mead
James Forrestal James K. Pollock
Joseph P. Kennedy James Rowe, Jr.
Sidney A. Mitchell Executive Director
This report is a recommendation-by-recommendation analysis of results from the work of
the Hoover Commission. It has been prepared for reference use by the members of the
Citizen's Committee, the Press and Students of Government. Full details on the findings
and recommendations of the Commission can be found in the Commission Reports themselves.
Published by: Research Department
Citizens Committee for the Hoover Report
320 Washington Building
Washington 5, D. C.
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TOTAL CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT
in the Executive Branch of the Federal Government
Hoover Commission
makes first report
Eisenhower Administration
takes over
v
Action on Depl.
of Defense
Korean War
brooks out
have been 0/!m/noted from the figures set forth above.
1950 1951 1952
Sources: U.S Civil Service Commission and Joint Committee on Reduction of Nonessential Expenditures
Hoover Commission
makes last report
1953
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ACTION ON RECOMMENDATIONS
OF THE
HOOVER COMMISSION
The Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government under the chairmanship of
former President Hoover began its work in September, 1947, and made its final report to the Congress
in May, 1949.
The Commission made a total of 273 recommendations and suggestions for more efficient and economic
administration of the Government. Some 196 of the recommendations and suggestions have at this date
(September, 1953) been wholly or partially adopted by either Executive, administrative, or Congressional action.
The results of these reforms have been obscured by the vast increase in Federal expenditures due to the
Korean War, our defense rearmament, foreign aid, and increased public works. The Federal Budget has been
increased from a rate of about $40.1 billions annually at the time of the Commission to a rate of about $72.1
billions annually at the present time.
That the work of the 1947-49 Commission has contributed to more efficient and more economical conduct
of the Executive Branch is indicated by the fact that, despite the increase in Federal activities as shown by the
increasing budget, the number of civilian employees decreased between the time that the reports were made
and the outbreak of war in Korea. And, over the last six months, reductions have also occurred. The chart
facing this page indicates these changes.
Further decreases may be expected from the Commission's recommendations which have been adopted so
far during 1953.
Further details indicating the recommendations now adopted and those still remaining are as follows:
SUMMARY
Recommendations Made by the Commission'
273.0
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished
116.4
(42.6%)
Mostly Accomplished
35.0
(12.8%)
Partially Accomplished
44.6
(16.4%)
196.0
(71.8%)
Recommendations Remaining
77.0
(28.2%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer of im-
portance or duplicative with, or explanatory of, other
recommendations.'
11.3
(4.1%)
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
65.7
(24.1%)
There follows an analysis of action on the 18 Reports. It consists of two sections. Section I is An Anal-
ysis, Recommendation by Recommendation. Section II is a review of the important proposals remaining, entitled
Unfinished Business. The 19th Report, Concluding Report, was a general summary and is not included in these
analyses. Appendix A is a reconciliation of various estimates of the number of recommendations made by
the Commission.
' The exact number of recommendations made by the Commission is subject to varying statistical interpretations. The two
principal variable factors are these: (1) some recommendations are partially duplicative of others; (2) some recommendations
contain subparagraphs in which are made several distinct and separate proposals. In these statistical tabulations, each of the
273 numbered recommendations is included as one item. It should be recognized that the tabulations herein are numerical only.
No weighting of the relative importance of recommendations has been made, and hence, these summary figures are only an indi-
cation of progress made. Certain figures have been "rounded off" in this table and elsewhere.
' In the 18 statistical tabulations which follow, remaining recommendations, which are obsolete, no longer of importance, etc.,
are marked with three asterisks ***.
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SECTION I
An Analysis, Recommendation by Recommendation
The following compilation gives separate consideration to each of the 273 numbered recommendations.
The extent:: of accomplishment. on -each is classified under one of four self-explanatory headings. The first
column is headed "yes," meaning that the recommendation is accomplished in full. The second column is
headed "Mostly Accomplished." The third column is headed "Partially Accomplished." The fourth column
is headed "No," meaning no affirmative action in the recommendation. For the most part, the classifications
here made are based upon data received from official sources, but the actual classifications made are those of The
Citizens Committee for the Hoover Report. It must be recognized that the appraisal of the data on any single
:recommendation will be subject to varying interpretations.
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SECTION I
An Analysis, Recommendation by Recommendation
REPORT NO. 1
GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH
Recommendations Made by the Commission
Deduct: Accomplished
12
(44%)
Mostly Accomplished
6
(22%)
Partially Accomplished
8
(30%)
26
(96%)
Recommendations Remaining
1
(4%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
27 Recommendations
1. An Office of Personnel, headed by the Chairman of the Civil
Service Commission, and a staff secretary in the White House
Office should be added to the Executive Office of the President.
X
2. Statutory authority over the operating departments should not
be vested in any staff member or staff agency of the President's
office.
X
3. President should not be prevented by law from reorganizing his
office.**
X
4. Head of each staff agency in the President's office should be
appointed by the President without confirmation by the Senate
except for the Civil Service Commission.
X
5. Council of Economic Advisers should be replaced by an Office
of the Economic Adviser, headed by one person.
X
6. Membership and assignment of Cabinet committees to advise
the President on policy issues should be determined by the
President.
X
7. National Security Council and National Security Resources
Board should be made a part of President's office. Composition
should be revised so that President can determine membership
and assignments.
X
8. Interdepartmental committees should be inventoried by the
President's office at least once a year and terminated when
work is finished.**
X
9. President should be given adequate funds for advisory com-
missions and consultants or personal advisers.
X
10. President should have a staff secretary to clear information on
major projects within President's office or under consideration
by interdepartmental committees.
X
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
1953
1949-53
1953
1949-53
1950
1949
1953
? ? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unfinished. Bxriness.
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11. An Office of Personnel under direction of the Chairman of the
Civil Service Commission should be established in the Presi-
dent's office.
12. Agencies of the executive branch should be grouped into de-
partments by major purposes.
13. Within each department, subsidiary bureaus should be grouped
by major purposes.
14. Department heads should hold full responsibility for the con-
duct of their departments.' ' A clear line of authority should
reach down through the `organization, and no subordinate
should; have authority independent from that of his superior.
15. Decentralization into operating agencies of services such as
accounting, budgeting, recruiting, and managing of personnel,
under standards established for the entire executive branch.
16. Adequate staff assistance for department heads.
17. Consolidation of 65 agencies under the direct supervision of
the President into one-third of that number.*
18. Each department head should receive from Congress authority
to organize his department and to control its administration.
19. Bureau chiefs and staff officials should be appointed by the
department heads, and proper consideration given to promotion
of career employees.
20. Department heads should be given authority to assign appro-
priated funds to that unit in his department which he believes
best able to effect the will of Congress.
21. Standard nomenclature should be adopted for internal operat-
ing units of each department.
22. Administrative regions and regional headquarters should be
more nearly comparable geographically.
23. Greater integration of pooled centralized administrative services.
24. Reporting and inspection practices should be strengthened.
25. Field relationships with State and local officials should be
standardized.
26. Public Buildings Administration should have expanded respon-
sibility for providing space for field offices.
27. Manuals of instruction should be revised and simplified.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1953
X
X
1949-53
X
1950-53
X
X
1949-53
X
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
X
1949
X
1949-53
X
X
1949
X
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REPORT NO. 2
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Recommendations Made by the Commission
Deduct: Accomplished
Mostly Accomplished
Partially Accomplished
11.0'
1.2'
8.9'
(38%)
(4 %)
(31 %)
21.1`
(73%)
Recommendations Remaining
7.9'
(27%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
0.0
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
7.9'
(27%)
29 Recommendations
1. (a) The Civil Service Commission should place primary em-
phasis on staff functions rather than on processing a multitude
of personnel transactions.
(b) Civil Service Commission should be reorganized at top.
(c) All agencies should have a director of personnel on their
top management-staffs.
(d) Civil Service Commission should develop standards for
operation of personnel offices.
2. (a) Primary responsibility for recruiting and examining Federal
employees should be placed on the departments and agencies.
(b) Appointing officers should be given more leeway than the
"rule of three" in selection of personnel.*
(c) Greater emphasis should be placed on programs to attract
first-rate young people.
3. (a) Congress should establish a pay policy.*
(b) Authority to evaluate jobs for pay purposes should be
delegated to the agencies under standards established by the
Civil Service Commission.
(c) Congress should authorize the President to issue and
enforce rules providing rewards for supervisors whose actions
reduce the number of Federal employees.
(d) Pay rates for certain positions should be related to locality
or industry differentials.
(e) Adequate salaries should be provided for top civil-service
employees with exceptional qualifications.
4. (a) A promotion program should be set up by each agency.
(b) Civil Service Commission should develop a promotion
program crossing agency lines.**
(c) Executive branch should provide training for promising
career employees.*
(d) Employee participation in formulation of personnel
policy.**
(e) Efficiency rating system should be simplified.
5. (a) Reduction-in-force legislation should be amended.*
(b) More workable method of separating inefficient employees.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1949 & 1953
X
1949 & 1953
X
1949
X
1949-50
X
X
X
1949-53
X
X
1949
X
1949
X
X
1949
X
1949-50
X
X
X
X
1950
X
X
1949-50
' Figures here used have been "rounded off."
" See Section 11,
Un6nirhed Brrrinerr.
?? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Sectlon II, Unfinished Business.
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6. President should require all major agencies to recruit, examine,
and appoint employees for high-level positions, those peculiar
to the agencies and others which the Civil Service Commission
decides can be filled more effectively by the agencies.**
7. Applicants for civil-service posts should be rated by categories
such as "outstanding," "well qualified," and "unqualified."*
8. Veterans should be considered before nonveterans in each cate-
gory above.*
9. Nation-wide recruiting system for veterans should be operated
through selected agencies for the next 3 or 4 years. (From
1949)
10. Each agency should be required to recruit each year a specified
number of young people for subordinate posts.**
11. Salary ceiling of $10,330 for career employees should be raised.
Legislative, judicial, and executive salaries at level of Assistant
Secretary also should be raised.
12. President should direct agencies to work out promotion pro-
grams, and Civil Service Commission should enforce the Presi-
dent's directive.
13. Civil Service Commission should be required to identify jobs
which are administrative in nature.
14. Civil Service Commission should be authorized to concentrate
on a program to facilitate transfer of career personnel between
agencies.
15. Congress should enact legislation setting forth policy on con-
duct of training programs for civilian employees.*
16. Congress should enact a comprehensive pay administration
policy for the executive branch.*
17. Congress should limit its pay legislation to setting minimum
and maximum rates within which all adjustments are to be
made.*
18. Civil Service Commission, subject to approval of the President,
should have responsibility for establishment of individual pay
scales and fixing standards of job evaluation in all agencies.**
19. Locality and industry pay differentials should be considered
in setting pay scales for clerical, subprofessional, postal, and
"blue collar" jobs.*
20. President should be authorized to direct the Civil Service Com-
mission to review Nation-wide pay rates annually and to
recommend adjustments.
21. President should require agencies to provide for employee
participation in formulation of Federal personnel policies.**
22. (a) Efficiency rating system should be replaced by "ability and
service record" ratings.
(b) "Ability and service record" ratings should not be used
as a basis for periodic salary increases, determination of order
of lay-offs, or institution of dismissal actions.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially.
No
Date
X
X
X
X
X
X
1949
X
1949-50
X
X
1949
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1950
X
1950
* See Section II, Unfinished Business.
** A review of the a ectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unfinished Business.
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23. (a) Legislation and regulations governing reductions in force
should be changed to provide realistic ranking of employees,
simplify procedures, and modify absolute retention preference
for veterans. *
(b) Ranking of employees for retention should be on basis
of which should be retained rather than which should be
eliminated. *
(c) Career employees laid off in reduction in force should be
given special consideration for other Federal jobs.
24. A simple, clear-cut, and intelligent procedure for discharge of
incompetent employees should be instituted.**
25. Periodic salary increases should be granted only when the super-
visor certifies that the employee's conduct and performance
warrant the increase.
26. Chairman of the Civil Service Commission should have full
responsibility for administrative direction of its work.
27. Civil Service Commission should develop standards for the
operation of agency personnel offices.
28. Agency personnel offices should place primary emphasis on
advising operating officials.
29. Agency heads should recognize importance of advice of per-
sonnel directors` in policy formulation.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
x
X
X
1949-53
X
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949-50
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
? See Section II, Unj~niched Bu.rineli.
" A review of the e(Fectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unhn/shed Beijing,:.
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REPORT NO. 3
OFFICE OF GENERAL SERVICES-SUPPLY ACTIVITIES
Recommendations Made by the Commission
23
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished
16.9
(73%)
Mostly Accomplished
2.1
(9%)
Partially Accomplished
0.0
_
19
(82%)
Recommendations Remaining
4
(18%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
1
(4%)
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
3
(14%)
9 Recommendations
1. Responsibility for supply,, records management and operation
and maintenance of public buildings be placed in an Office
of General Services.
2. Relationship between the executive branch and certain miscel-
laneous agencies should be centered in the Office of General
Services. * * *
3. Supply, records management, operation and management of
public buildings, and relations with certain agencies should be
placed in the Office of General Services.
4. The Bureau of Federal Supply should be subsequently trans-
ferred from the Treasury Department to the Office of General
Services.
5. (a) Creation of a Records Management Bureau in the Office
of General Services to include the National Archives.
(b) Legislation should be enacted to provide for more effective
preservation, management, and disposal of Government records.
(c) Establishment of adequate records management program
in each agency.
6. Administration of above functions should be placed in Office
of General Services.
7. Matters involving Presidential action should be referred by the
District of Columbia officials to the Director of the Office of
General Services.*
8. Smithsonian Institution officials should consult the Director of
the Office of General Services when they need assistance from
the President or the agencies.*
9. National Park and Planning Commission, National Capital
Housing Authority, and the Commission of Fine Arts should
report to the Director of the Office of General Services.*
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1949
X
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1950
X
1950
X
1949
X
X
X
? See Section II, Unfinished Business.
*'? This recommendation is either obsolete, no longer of importance or duplicative.
10
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SUPPLY ACTIVITIES
14 Recommendations
1. Legislation should be enacted to provide an effective supply
system.
2. Principles of Armed Services Procurement Act of 1947 should
be extended to buying by all agencies.
3. Supply Policy Committee should be established to coordinate
civilian and military supply operations.
4. Bureau of Federal Supply should be established in Office of
. General Services with adequate authority and personnel.
5. Bureau of Federal Supply should
(a) Assign responsibility for purchase or storage of com-
modities to agencies best suited to do so.
(b) Designate certain agencies to purchase specified supplies
for all agencies.
(c) Award contracts for common-use items
(d) Handle purchasing for small agencies whenever econo-
mical to do so.
(e) Operate a Nation-wide system of storehouses for common-
use items.
(f) Purchase through consolidated orders items in which
volume purchases result in savings.
(g) Develop master forms of bid and contract documents.
6. Bureau of Federal Supply should
(h) Advise all Government agencies on traffic management
problems.
(i) Represent all agencies in negotiating with carriers.
(j) Represent all agencies in cases before the transportation
regulatory bodies.
(k) Advise agencies as to reasonableness of carriers' bills.
(1) Prepare and maintain manuals and guides for traffic
management.
7. Bureau of Federal Supply should
(m) Serve as secretariat for a coordinating body on federal
specifications.
(n) Maintain a master list of qualified products.
8. Bureau of Federal Supply should
(o) Serve as secretariat for a coordinating body on property-
identification activities which would recommend policies, proce-
dures, rules, and regulations for mandatory use of a single
commodity catalog for the Federal Government.
9. Bureau of Federal Supply should
(p) Determine what products should be inspected.
(q) Make inspection assignments to agencies.
(r) Make testing assignments.
(s) Prepare inspection manuals.
(t) Develop rules and regulations on inspection policies and
methods.
Accomplished
Yea
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949-50
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
X
1949
11
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Recommendations
10. (u) Bureau of Federal Supply should develop property use,
maintenance, and replacement standards and rules and regula-
tions, and determine extent of delegation of property disposal
functions.
11. Strengthen authority of Secretary of Defense to improve supply
operations of the National Military Establishment.
12. National Security Act of 1947 should be amended to strengthen
authority of Secretary of Defense to integrate supply operations
of the constituent departments of the National Military Estab-
lishment.
13. Remodel civilian agency supply organizations along the general
lines proposed for the Bureau of Federal Supply.
14. Eliminate the present surcharge levied on price of cgntrally
purchased commodities.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1949
X
1953
X
1953
X
1949-53
X
1949
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REPORT NO. 4
THE POST OFFICE
Recommendations Made by the Commission
9
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished
5
(56%)
Mostly Accomplished
3
(33%)
Partially Accomplished
0
8
(89%)
Recommendations Remaining
1
(11%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
9 Recommendations
Recommendations
1. The Postmaster General should not be an official of a political
party.
2. A Director of Posts should be appointed.
3. Decentralize postal service into 15 regions.
4. President should appoint a board of advisers on methods
and policies.
5. Abolish confirmation of postmasters by Senate.*
6. Apply provisions of Government Corporation Control Act of
1945 to Post Office.**
7. Laws and regulations should be revised to simplify opera-
tions. * *
8. Postmaster General should be authorized to fix rates for certain
types of services to make them self-supporting.
9. Subsidies to air mail carriers should be separated from pay-
ments to such carriers for carriage of the mails.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1949
X
1949
X
1953,
X
1949
X
X
1950
X
1950-53
X
1952
X
1953
* See Section II, Unfnirbed BuJine.r.r.
"? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unfinished Burinerr.
13
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REPORT NO. 5
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
Recommendations Made by the Commission
Deduct: Accomplished
Mostly Accomplished
Partially Accomplished
21
0
0
(95%)
21
(95%)
Recommendations Remaining
1
(5%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
0
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
1
(5%)
22 Recommendations
1. Congress should vest new foreign affairs powers in the Presi-
dent or an established agency unless the advantages of a new
agency are overwhelming.
2. Functions and membership of coordinating and advisory bodies
should not be fixed by statute.
3. Legislation should not make specific grants of foreign affairs
powers or supporting funds below the level of the head of a
department or agency.
4. Cabinet level committees are necessary where issues transcend
responsibility of any single department, but membership and
assignment should be fixed by the President.
5. Cabinet level and other interdepartmental committees should
be assisted by specific institutional aids in the Executive Office
and State Department.
6. State Department should concentrate on definition of foreign
policy objectives, formulation of policies, and recommendation
of means to be used to carry out policies.
7. State Department as a rule should not be given responsibility
for operation of specific programs, whether overseas or at
home.
8. State Department should continue its responsibilities of repre-
sentation, reporting, and negotiation.
9. Secretary of State should be in command, legally and practi-
cally, of Department and Foreign Service, with clear lines of
authority and adequate staff services. Department should
have authority and funds to choose best persons to represent
this country at international meetings.
(a) Two Deputy Under Secretaries should be added.
(b) The fixing of responsibility for action in five line units
under five Assistant Secretaries.
10. Fundamental objectives and policies of United States in for-
eign affairs should be defined to permit delegation of authority
to take action to line units.
11. Within line units, responsibility for decisions should be clearly
fixed.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
1953
X
1953
X
1953
X
1949-53
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
1949-53
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12. The Assistant Secretaries with line responsibilities should serve
as focal points of contact between the Department and over-
seas missions in both substantive and administrative matters.
13. Chief of each foreign mission should be the responsible spokes-
man for the area to which he is assigned, and should be re-
sponsible for the administration of his mission.
14. The Assistant Secretary, Economic and Social Affairs, should
provide economic, social, and other advice from a global stand-
point, and should serve as a focal point of coordination with
other executive agencies.
15. The Assistant Secretary, Congressional Affairs, should be re-
sponsible on a full-time basis for establishing two-way liaison
with Congress.
16. The Assistant Secretary, Public Affairs, should serve as adviser
on domestic and foreign public opinion, and as chief of public
relations for the State Department.
17. Planning Adviser should continue high-level planning activity
with a broad-gage staff and should be freed from current prob-
lems.
18. Centralized intelligence unit in State Department should be
reorganized and intelligence advisers should be assigned to
regional units.
19. Operations Committee should be established with Under Sec-
retary or Deputy Under Secretary as Chairman.
20. Personnel of the Foreign Service and civil-service employees of
the Department should be combined into a single foreign
affairs service serving at home and overseas.*
21. Other departments and agencies should consider the possible
foreign impact of all proposed major policies and programs
and consult with State Department about them.
22. Other departments and agencies which have important foreign
affairs responsibilities should establish an office directly re-
sponsible to the agency head for coordination of foreign
affairs activities.
Accom
plished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
1949-50
X
X
1949-50
X
1949-53
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REPORT NO. 6
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Recommendations Made by the Commission
16
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished
5
(31%)
Mostly Accomplished
1
(6%)
Partially Accomplished
2
(13%)
8
(50%)
Recommendations Remaining
8
(50%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
0
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
8
(50%)
16 Recommendations
1. In general, we recommend an extension of the functional
organization of the Department and a better grouping of ac-
tivities related to the same major purpose.
2. An additional Assistant Secretary and an Administrative. As-
sistant Secretary should be established. Department should
be reorganized into 8 major units.
3. We recommend a thorough overhaul of the organization of
the Department, at State, county, and farmer levels.
4. We recommend that Department of Agriculture councils com-
prising representatives of the several departmental services in
each county be organized to exchange information on their
programs.
5. In view of the widespread activities of the State governments
in agriculture, the Commission recommends that, except in the
most unusual circumstances, activities that are services to indi-
vidual farmers should be administered in the field by depart-
mental employees through offices based on the States as units.
The services at county levels and to farmer units should be so
merged as to reduce the number of duplicating and unnecessary
employees; with due regard to avoiding divided authority.
6. We recommend the establishment of 1 State council in each
State, and 1 county council in each agricultural county, as aids
to orderly operations in the field.*
7. In the future, new Federal agricultural research stations should
generally be established only where existing joint Federal-State
facilities cannot be developed to fill the need.
8. We recommend that conservation payments to a farmer should
be restricted to those which will bring about the adoption of
complete and balanced conservation programs on his farm.
They should not be used as income supplements in disguise.
When the conservation plan on any farm has been completed,
such payments to the owner should stop.**
9. We recommend that adjustment programs with respect to com-
modities and commodity groups should be operated on a
stand-by, rather than a continuous, basis.*
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1953
X
1953
X
1953
X
1951
X
1951-53
X
X
1949-53
X
1953
X
? See Section 11, Un[ni.rhed Burine.u.
?~ A review of te effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unfini hed Burinerr.
16
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10. To obtain economy and efficiency, this Commission recom-
mends that inspection costs on farm products, when imposed
for the benefit and protection of the general public, be paid
by the Federal Government. Inspection and grading services
primarily for the benefit or protection of producers or pro-
cessors should be paid for by the producers or processors.*
11. We recommend that customs receipts now allotted directly to
the Department be paid into the Treasury and that direct an-
nual appropriations be made by the Congress for specified
purposes.*
12. We recommend that the Department of Agriculture be re-
quired to report to the President and the Congress on all
irrigation or reclamation projects about their use or timeliness.*
13. This Commission recommends that all regulatory functions
above relating to food products be transferred to the Depart-
ment of Agriculture and that those relating to other products
be placed under a reorganized drug bureau administered by
the public health agency.*
14. Our 3 Task Forces on Agriculture, Natural Resources, and
Public Works all urgently recommend the consolidation of
these agencies [Forest Service of the Department of Agricul-
ture and Bureau of Land Management of the Department of
the Interior]. It has been urged for many years by students
of government. The Commission agrees with this recom-
mendation.*
15. Major land agencies should be grouped in the Department of
Agriculture, except mineral questions, while water develop-
ment activities should be grouped in the Department of the
Interior.*
16. We recommend that on completion of the organization of
the Department, as contemplated in this report, the Secretary
of Agriculture institute immediately a comprehensive manage-
ment survey to determine further savings, and to eliminate
facilities, stations, and offices that duplicate facilities and work
otherwise conducted by the Department or the States.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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REPORT NO. 7
BUDGETING AND ACCOUNTING
Recommendations Made by the Commission
18
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished
8
(44%)
Mostly Accomplished
4
(22%)
Partially Accomplished
3
(17%)
15
(83%)
Recommendations Remaining
3
(17%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
0
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
3
(17%)
13 Recommendations
Recommendations
1. Performance budget should be adopted.
2. Complete survey of appropriations structure should be made.*
3. Budget estimates of all agencies should be divided into 2 pri-
mary categories-current operating expenditures and capital
outlays.*
4. President should have authority to reduce expenditures under
appropriations if purposes intended by Congress still are car-
ried out.**
5. Review and revision by the Estimates Division of the Office
of the Budget should be done in conjunction with representa-
tives of the Administrative Management and Fiscal Divisions.
6. Closer relations should be developed between constituent divi-
sions of the Office of the Budget and with President's personal
staff, Treasury Department, Economic Advisers, and National
Security Resources Board [latter abolished in 1953].
7. Office of the Budget should place much greater emphasis on
developing policies and standards to govern the preparation of
estimates, adequate budget work in the departments, and better
management research.
8. President should be given means and authority to supervise all
publications of the Executive Branch, the authority to be dele-
gated to the Office of the Budget.**
9. President should have authority to improve statistical activities,
the authority to be delegated to the Director of the Division
of Statistical Services in the Office of the Budget.
10. (a) An Accountant General should be established under the
Secretary of Treasury.*
(b) Accountant General should produce financial reports for
President, Congress, and the public.*
11. (a) Practice of sending millions of expenditure vouchers and
supporting papers to Washington should be stopped as far as
possible. * *
(b) Spot sampling process of expenditure vouchers should be
substituted.**
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1950
X
X
X
1950
X
1950
X
1953
X
1950-53
X
X
1950
X
X
X
1950
X
1950
? See Section II Unfinished Business.
?? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted -
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STATISTICAL ACTIVITIES
Recommendations
12. Accounting system should be revised to provide accrual ac-
counting, simplification or elimination of the present warrant
system, uniform practices and procedures, better inventory and
public debt accounting.**
13. Congress should study the question of fidelity insurance in
order to achieve a simpler and less expensive procedure.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1950
X
1950-51
5 Recommendations
1. The diverse system of collecting and analyzing statistical data
should be continued, but greater use should be made of the
Census Bureau for large-scale collection and tabulation.
2. Responsibility for adequacy of the statistical system as a whole
should be fixed.
3. Cost of statistical services which mainly benefit specific groups
should be shifted to beneficiaries to greatest extent possible.
4. Forms and questionnaires sent to the public should be simpli-
fied and Division of Statistical Standards should make con-
stant effort to relieve burden these reports place on businesses
and individuals.
5. Division of Statistical Standards of the Office of the Budget
should be strengthened to perform the work.
Accomplished
Yee
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1950
X
1950
X
1952-53
X
1950
X
1950
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REPORT NO. 8
THE NATIONAL SECURITY ORGANIZATION
Recommendations Made by the Commission
6.0
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished 4.90 (81%)
Mostly Accomplished .33 (6%)
Partially Accomplished .67 (11%)
5.9
(98%)
Recommendations Remaining
0.1
(2%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
0
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
0.1
(2%)
6 Recommendations
1. (a) Secretary of Defense should have full power over prepar-
ation of budget and over expenditures.
(b) Secretary of Defense should direct an overhaul of the
budget system, including establishment of.. a performance
budget.
(c) Armed services should be required to keep complete,
accurate, and current inventories.
2. (a) Principle of unified civilian control by Secretary of Defense
should guide all legislation relative to the Military Establish-
ment.
(b) All statutory authority vested in service departments
should be transferred to Secretary of Defense subject to dele-
gation.
(c) Secretary of Defense should have full authority, subject
only to the President and Congress, to establish policies and
programs.
(d) Service Secretaries should be designated Under Secretaries
directly responsible to Secretary of Defense and without right
of appeal directly to President.*
(e) The 3 military services should be administered by the
several Under Secretaries subject to full direction and authority
of the Secretary of Defense.
(f) There should be joint Chiefs of Staff representing the 3
services, and a chairman should be appointed by the Secretary
of Defense to represent and report to him.
(g) All administrative authority should be centered in the
Secretary of Defense.
(h) There should be an Under Secretary of Defense, 3 As-
sistant Secretaries, and required number of personal' assistants
to Secretary of Defense.
(i) Full authority for procurement of supplies and material
should be vested in the Secretary, subject to delegation.
Accomp
lished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
x
1949 & 1953
X
1949 & 1953
X
1949 & 1953
X
1949 & 1953
X
1953
X
1949 & 1953
X
X
1953
X
1949
X
1953
X
1949
X
1953
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3. (a) Military education, training, recruitment, promotion and
transfer should be put under the direction and control of Sec-
retary of Defense.
(b) Recruitment of civilian employees should be decentralized
into the National Military Establishment.
(c) Secretary of Defense should have full authority to pre-
scribe uniform personnel policies for civilian and military per-
sonnel.
4. (a) Better relations at the working level should be developed
among the joint Chiefs of Staff and the National Security
Council, Central' Intelligence Agency, Research and Develop-
ment Board, Munitions Board, National Security Resources
Board.
(b) Jurisdiction and activities of National Security Resources
Board should be redefined and clarified.
(c) Central Intelligence Agency and its work should be im-
proved.
5. Steps should be taken to implement the Commission's recom-
mendations on medical services in the Defense Establishment.
6. (a) Emergency plans for civilian and industrial mobilization
should be completed promptly and continuously revised.
(b) Use of civilian advisory boards in mobilization should be
continued.
(c) Responsibility for stockpiling policy and its execution
should be clearly determined and centralized.
(d) Preparation of plans for civilian defense and internal
security should be expedited.
(e) Defenses against unconventional methods of warfare
should be developed promptly, and more attention given to
psychological warfare.
(f) Economic warfare section of National Security Resources
Board should develop a comprehensive economic warfare pro-
gram.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
X
1949-53
X
X
1949 & 1953
X
1950 & 1953
X
1950
X
1949 & 1953
X
1950
X
1949-53
X
1953
X
1950-53
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
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REPORT NO. 9
VETERANS' AFFAIRS
Recommendations Made by the Commission
6.00
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished
3.25
(54%)
Mostly Accomplished
.38
(6%)
Partially Accomplished
1.25
(21 %)
4.88
(81%)
Recommendations Remaining
1.12
(19%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
0
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
1.12
(19%)
6 Recommendations
1. Internal organization of Veterans' Administration:
(a) Washington office should be reorganized in accordance
with principles of General Management Report.
(b) Title of Executive Assistant Administrator should be
changed to Deputy Administrator, and should be three
or more Assistant Administrators.
(c) Create Assistant Administrator for Administrative
Services.
(d) Coordination Service should become Office of Man-
agement Research.'
(e) Establish Veterans' Life Insurance Corporation.**
(f) Establish Veterans' Benefit Service.
(g) Establish Readjustment Service.
(h) Office of Legislation to be consolidated with that of
General Counsel.*
2. Administrator should issue all directives from Central Office.
3. Veterans' Life Insurance Corporation should be created.**
4. Veterans' Administration should establish certification system
for non-accredited educational institutions.
5. Veterans' Benefit Service should be created.
6. Transfer of veterans' housing loan guaranty program to Hous-
ing and home Finance Agency.*
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1953
X
1950
X
1953
X
X
X
1953
X
1953
X
X
1950
X
X
1950
X
1953
X
? See Section 11, Unfinished Business.
* * A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unfinished Businerr.
22
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REPORT NO. 10
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Recommendations Made by the Commission
Deduct: Accomplished
Mostly Accomplished
Partially Accomplished
3
1
1
(21 %)
(7%)
(7%)
5
(35%)
Recommendations Remaining
9
(65%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
2
(15%)
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
7
(50%)
14 Recommendations
1. Major nonregulatory transportation activities of the Federal
Government should be grouped in the Department of Com-
merce.
2. Business operations of the Maritime Commission should be
placed in the Department of Commerce.
3. Study should be made of marine functions of Bureau of Cus-
toms in Treasury Department to see if some of them can be
transferred to Commerce Department.*
4. Bureau of Civil Aviation should be established in the Depart-
ment of Commerce. *
5. Bureau of Civil Aviation would include functions of Civil
Aeronautics Administration and responsibility for promulgating
air safety rules.***
6. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics should be in-
corporated in the Bureau of Civil Aviation.*
7. Public Roads Administration should be transferred from Fed-
eral Works Agency to Department of Commerce.
8. Motor-carrier safety functions should be transferred from the
Interstate Commerce Commission to Department of Com-
mOer~ce.**(See Regulatory Commissions, Recommendation No.
9. Formulation of railroad-consolidation plans and car service and
safety functions should be transferred from Interstate Com-
merce Commission to Department of Commerce.*
10. Office of Defense Transportation should be transferred from
the Executive Office of the President and its functions made
permanent in the Department of Commerce.
11. Weather Bureau's coordination in the departmental structure
should be established by the Secretary.
12. Secretary of Commerce should be assigned duty of making
over-all route programs for air, land, and water transporta-
tion. *
13. All commercial fishery activities of the Department of the
Interior should be transferred to a Bureau of Commercial
Fisheries in the Department of Commerce.*
14. Interdepartmental committee should be established to deter-
mine fields of Commerce, Agriculture, Interior, and State
Departments in commodity research.*
" See Section H. Unfinished Business.
?"" This recommendation is either obsolete, no longer of importance or duplicative.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1950
X
1950
X
X
X
X
X
1950
X
X
X
X
1951
X
X
X
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REPORT NO. 11
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
Recommendations Made by the Commission
10.00
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished
0.33
(3%)
Mostly Accomplished
2.00
(20 % )
Partially Accomplished
5.00
(50%)
7.33
(73%)
Recommendations- Remaining
2.67
(27%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other:. recommendations
0
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
2.67
(27%)
10 Recommendations
fecommendationa
1. Treasury Department should be thoroughly reorganized along
functional lines.**
2. (a) Functions of Bureau of Federal Supply should be trans-
ferred to the Office of General Services.
(b) The Coast Guard' and probably certain marine functions
of the Bureau of. Customs should be transferred to the Depart-
ment of Commerce.*
(c) The Bureau of Narcotics should be transferred to the
Department of Justice.!
3. Supervision of operations of Reconstruction Finance Corpora-
tion (abolished 19531, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation,
and Export-Import Bank should be vested in Secretary of the
Treasury.*
4. Department should be divided into 7 major groups (specified
.in detail).**
5. Top staff of the Department should consist-of the Secretary
and his assistants, Under Secretary, General Counsel, Account-
ant General, Administrative Assistant Secretary, Commissioner
of Revenue, Fiscal Assistant Secretary, Assistant Secretary in
Charge of Banking and International Finance, and Director of
Office of Liquidation.
6. All officials of secretarial rank should be appointed by the
President and confirmed by the Senate, except the Fiscal Assist-
ant Secretary.
7. All officials in the Department below rank of Assistant Secre-
tary should preferably be appointed from the career service
without Senate confirmation.
8. Treasury Department should examine and report to President
and Congress semiannually on lending agencies now in liqui-
dation. *
9. National Monetary and Credit Council of domestic financial
agencies should be established in connection with the Treasury
to advise on policies and coordination of the Government's
domestic credit policies." No quotations marks.**
10. Congress should continue its study of fidelity insurance to
arrive at a simpler and less expensive system.
? See Section II, Unfinished Burlneu.
?? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
X
1949
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1950
X
X
1953
X
1949-51
24
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REPORT NO. 12
REGULATORY COMMISSIONS
Recommendations Made by the Commission
12
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished
3
(25%)
Mostly Accomplished
2
(17%)
Partially Accomplished
2
(17%)
Recommendations Remaining
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
0
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
5
(41%)
12 Recommendations
1. All administrative responsibility should be vested in the chair-
men of the regulatory commissions.
2. Members of the Securities and Exchange Commission, Federal
Power Commission, and Federal Communications Commission
should be removable only for cause, as is the case with other
commissions.*
3. Upon expiration of his term, a Commissioner should continue
to hold office until his successor has been appointed and
qualified. * *
4. Salaries of Commissioners and board members should be. sub-
stantially raised.
5. Salaries of staff members should be increased.
6. Commissions should be authorized to delegate routine, pre-
liminary and less important work to their staffs.**
7. Administrative Management Division of the Office of the
Budget should study and recommend improvements in admin-
istrative procedures of commissions.
8. Power-Planning functions of the Federal Power Commission
should be transferred to the Department of the Interior.*
9. Functions of ship construction and operation, charter and sale
of ships should be transferred to the Commerce Department.
10. Equipment inspection and safety and car service functions
should be transferred from the Interstate Commerce Com-
mission to the Commerce Department.*
11. Regulation of safety of aircraft operation should be transferred
from Civil Aeronautics Board to Commerce Department, sub-
ject to appeal.*
12. All regulatory commissions should have bipartisan member-
ship.*
Accomplished
Yea
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1950
X
X
X
1949
X
1949
X
X
1953
X
X
1950
X
X
X
? See Section II, Unfinished Business.
?? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unfinished Burlnerr.
25
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REPORT NO. 13
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Recommendations Made by the Commission
D
8
(100%)
educt: Accomplished
4
(50%)
Mostly Accomplished
Parx7_11-- A
2
(25%)
6
(75%)
Recommendations Remaining
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
2
(25%)
of, other recommendations
2
(25%)
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
0
8 Recommendations
Recommendations
1. All officials below the rank of Assistant Secretary should be
appointed by the Secretary.
.2. Transfer Bureau of Employees' Compensation and the Em-
ployees' Compensation Appeals Board from the Federal Secu-
rity Agency to the Labor Department.
3. Transfer Bureau of Employment Security from Federal Secu-
rity Agency to Labor Department.
4. Place Selective Service System under Secretary of Labor.***
5. Transfer from Maritime Commission to Secretary of Labor of
determination of minimum wages for seamen on privately
operated vessels.***
6. Merger of functions of Veterans' Employment Service and
employment service of the Bureau of Employment Security.
7. Bureau of Labor Statistics should be responsible for data on
wholesale prices, living costs, employment, working hours,
wages, payrolls, and productivity.
8. Detailed study of industrial hygiene functions to establish
division between labor and health agencies.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1950
X
1950
X
1949
X
X
X
1949
X
1949-53
X
1952
??* This recommendation is either obsolete, no longer of importance or duplicative.
26
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REPORT NO. 14
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Recommendations Made by the Commission
Deduct: Accomplished
Mostly Accomplished
Partially Accomplished
3.00
4.00
0.25
(20%)
(27%)
(2%)
7.25
(49%)
Recommendations Remaining
7.75
(51%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
2.25
(15%)
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
5.50
(36%)
15 Recommendations
1. Creation of a Board of Impartial Analysis for Engineering
and Architectural Projects as part of the President's office.*
2. Department of the Interior should be reorganized along more
functional and major purpose lines.**
3. (a) Bureau of Indian Affairs should be transferred to a new
department for social security, education, and Indian affairs.
(See Social Security Recommendation No. 8.)***
(b) Transfer of Bureau of Land Management (except min-
erals) to Department of Agriculture. (See Agriculture Rec-
ommendation No. 15.)***
(c) Transfer of Commercial Fisheries from Fish and Wild-
life Service to the Department of Commerce. (See Commerce
Recommendation No. 13.)***
4. (a) Transfer to the Department of the Interior of flood
control and rivers and harbors from Department of the Army.
(See Recommendation No. 9 below.)***
(b) Transfer of public building construction from Federal
Works Agency to the Department of the Interior.*
(c) Transfer of community services from Federal Works
Agency to Department of the Interior.**
(d) Transfer of certain major construction on behalf of other
agencies to the Department of the Interior.*
5. An additional Assistant Secretary and an Administrative Assist-
ant Secretary should be established.
6. Officials of rank of Assistant Secretary, except the Adminis-
trative Assistant Secretary, should be appointed by the Presi-
dent and confirmed by the Senate.
7. All officials below rank of Assistant Secretary should be
appointed by the Secretary, preferably from the career service.
8. Following major purpose grouping of functions should be
made: Water development and use services; building con-
struction services; recreation services; mineral resources serv-
ices; and Territories and possessions.
? See Section II Un niched Runners
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
X
1950 & 1953
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1950
X
1950
X
1950 & 1953
X
1950 & 1953
?? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unfnrrbed Bavinerr.
??? This recommendation is either obsolete, no longer of importance or duplicative.
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9. Rivers and harbors and, flood control activities of the Corps
of Engineers should be transferred to the Department of
the Interior.*
10. Clarification and codification of laws pertaining to the Bureau
of Reclamation.*
11. Drainage Area Advisory Commission should be created for
each major drainage area.**
12. With respect to international boundary streams, the responsibil-
ity for negotiating agreements should remain with the State
Department, but all construction should be a function of the
Water Development and Use Services.*
13. No irrigation or reclamation project should be undertaken
without a report to the Board of Impartial Analysis by the
Department of Agriculture. (See Agriculture Recommenda-
tion No. 12.)***
14. Reconstruction Finance Corporation, in connection with its
financing, should secure reports from the proposed Mineral
Resources Services of the Department of the Interior.
15. Tin smelter at Texas City, Tex.; should be operated by the
Bureau of Mines.*
Accomplished
Yea
mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
X
X
1953
X
X
X
1949-53
X
* See Section II Unfinirbsd Burinerr.
* * A review of the etllectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unhnirbed Burintrr.
This recommendation is either obsolete, no longer of importance or duplicative.
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REPORT NO. 15
SOCIAL SECURITY-EDUCATION-INDIAN AFFAIRS
Recommendations Made by the Commission
Deduct: Accomplished
Mostly Accomplished
Partially Accomplished
4 (23.5%)
l (6.0%)
7 (41.0%)
12
(70.5%)
Recommendations Remaining
5
(29.5%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
1
(6.0%)
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
4
(23.5%)
8 Recommendations
1. Creation of an executive department to include social security
and education functions.
2. Secretary, Under Secretary, and three Assistant Secretaries to
be appointed by the President.
3. Children' Bureau to be divested of grant functions and shifted
to general staff capacity to Secretary.**
4. Review of the old-age and survivors' insurance program.*
5. Study of merger of Government employees' retirement systems.
6. Retention of Railroad Retirement Board in its present status.
7. Education programs should be administered by agencies whose
functions they serve to promote.
8. Bureau of Indian Affairs to be transferred from Interior De-
partment to proposed Welfare Department.*
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1953
X
1953
X
X
X
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
? See Section II Unfinished Burinerr.
?? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Unfinished Brrrinerr.
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INDIAN AFFAIRS
9 Recommendations
1. Integration of Indians into the rest of the population.**
2. Pending integration, social programs for Indians should be
progressively transferred to State governments.**
3. All agencies concerned with Indian affairs, including State and
local governments, should take part in planning programs.**
4. Objectives of planning should be:
(a) Adequate education;
(b) Adequate standard of living;
(c) Reduction of mortality and morbidity rates;
(d) Transfer of social programs to state and local control;
(e) Transfer of medical services to local governments;
(f) Transfer of tribal property to Indian-owned corporations;
(g) Participation in political and civic life of States;
(h) Termination of tax exemption for Indian lands.**
5. Economic assistance program should include:
(a) Assistance to young employable Indians and better cul-
tured families to leave reservations;
(b) Placing tribal and Indian enterprises on a corporate or
cooperative basis.**
6. Following steps should be taken to establish business enter-
prises:
(a) Each have own charter and board of directors;
(b) Basic policies incorporated in charter;
(c) Members of board of directors to be preponderantly Indian
and financially accountable;
(d) Other members appointed for business or technical
ability ;
(e) Creation of such corporations as part of program for
each area;
(f) Administrative supervision by Indian Bureau to be grad-
ually relaxed and discontinued;
(g) Accounts to be audited annually.*
7. (a) Inadequate or inefficient superintendents should be disci-
plined.
(b) Washington office should use more personnel with field
experience.
(c) Each superintendency should have a classification range of
2 grades to allow for promotion.*
8. (a) Commissioner of Bureau of Indian Affairs should be a
professional, permanent administrator, appointed by Depart-
ment head to whom Indian Service would be attached.*
(b) Budget and appropriations be made upon basis of area
programs. *
(c) Commissioner should be free to organize the Service but
greater authority for administration should be delegated to the
superintendents.
9. Transfer of Bureau of Indian Affairs from Interior Department
to a new welfare department. (See Recommendation No. 8
under Social Security above.)***
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Data
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1949-53
X
1949-53
X
X
X
X
1950
X
? See Section II, Unfinished Burinerr.
** A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II, Un/nsihed Buline.u.
04* This recommendation is either obsolete, no longer of importance or duplicative.
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REPORT NO. 16
MEDICAL ACTIVITIES
Recommendations Made by the Commission
1
(9%)
11
(100%)
Deduct: Accomplished
0
Mostly Accomplished
Partially Accomplished
2
(18%),
?
3
(27
/)
8
(73%)
Recommendations Remaining
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
other recommendations
of
3
(27%)
,
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
5
(46%)
11 Recommendations
Recommendations
1. United Medical Administration should be created.*
2. Creation of a board consisting of representatives of the armed
services and the Veterans' Administration to advise on po-
licies. * * *
3. Administrator and three Assistant Administrators should be
appointed by the -President and confirmed by the Senate, but
all other officials should be appointed by the Administrator.***
4. Following functions should be transferred to the United
Medical Administration:
(a) General and station hospitals of the Armed Forces in the
United States, with certain exceptions.*
(b) Hospital functions of the Veterans' Administration in
toto.*
(c) The four nonmilitary hospitals in the Canal Zone.*
(d) Hospitals of the Public Health Service.*
(e) Functions, facilities, and personnel of the Public Health
Service.*
(f) St. Elizabeths Hospital should be transferred from Federal
Security Agency to either the District of Columbia or the
United Medical Administration.*
5. Congress should define beneficiaries entitled to medical care
from the Government and prescribe how this care should be
given. *
6. Inconsistency in policy between the Federal hospital construc-
tion program and Federal aid to non-Federal hospitals under
the Hill-Burton Act should be ended.*
7. Control of medical policy in the armed services should be
exercised by the Secretary of Defense.
8. United Medical Administration should give constant attention
to necessary measures for national defense.
9. Medical and other technical personnel in the United Medical
Administration should be on a career-service basis.***
10. Survey should be made to determine the needs for emergency
aid to medical schools.**
11. Highest priority should be given to research, preventive medi-
cine, public health and education.*
Accomplished
D
t
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
a
e
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1949 & 1953
X
X
X
X
? See Section II Unilnirbed Basiacu.
.A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted
?'? This recommendation is either obsolete, no longer of importance or duplicanve.
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REPORT NO. 17
FEDERAL BUSINESS ENTERPRISES
Recommendations Made by the Commission
Deduct: Accomplished
Mostly Accomplished
Partially Accomplished
4.00
5.00
3.57
(17%)
(22%)
(16%)
12.57
(55%)
Recommendations Remaining
10.43
(45%)
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
0
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
10.43
(45%)
23 Recommendations
1. Government Corporation Control Act of 1945 should be
revised to provide:
(a) Borrowing powers, Government liability, and budgetary
presentation of Government corporations should be made
uniform for like classes of loans and like securities.**
(b) Government stock in these corporations should be held by
the President'or by the head of such agency as he may direct.*
(c) Congress should determine the disposition of surpluses
already earned by partly owned Government corporations, and
should determine policies as to distribution of future sur-
pluses. * *
(d) Major expenditures for capital additions should be made
only with prior congressional approval and appropriation.*
(e) In determining construction costs, all corporations should
include a charge for interest on capital expenditures.*
(f) Boards or part-time boards should be wholly advisory and
appointed by the President.**
(g) Where corporations are located in other Government
agencies, the agency heads or their representatives should serve
as ex officio chairmen of their advisory boards.**
2. Government business enterprises should be required to sur-
render to the Treasury all United States securities held, up to
the amount of capital furnished by the Government, and
should receive in return non-interest-bearing credit in the
Treasury. *
3. Straight-line business activities should be incorporated.*
4. Some agencies such as Post Office and Bureau of Reclamation
should not be incorporated but should be given flexibility of
business practice, business form of budget accounting, and
auditing systems, and should be required to set up their ac-
counts to distinguish between capital and operating expendi-
tures. * *
Congress should require Government business enterprises
receiving appropriations for administrative expenses either to
conduct their business so as to recover administrative expenses
or to set out such subsidies as part of their requests for
appropriations.**
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1950-53
X
? See Section II Un[nisbed Business.
?? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted - See Section II,
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6. Both incorporated and unincorporated business enterprises
should report to Congress each year the extent to which earned
income fails to cover: (a) interest on Government capital;
(b) losses on loans or investments; and (c) operating ex-
penses. * *
7. As a general principle, receipts arising outside of normal
activities should be paid into the Treasury, and sums needed
by the agency should be appropriated by the Congress.*
8. Congress should: (a) review power to make direct loans, and
(b) in non-emergency periods, insure that normal credit chan-
nels are utilized to maximum extent possible, or provide for
guaranty of loans made by private agencies.*
9. All housing activities should be placed in 1 agency under a
single administrator.
10. Congress should consider establishing a single corporation to
expedite the liquidation of public housing programs.
11. Federal National Mortgage Association should be placed under
the Housing and Home Finance Agency.
12. Office of the Housing Expediter should be placed under the
Housing and Home Finance Agency.
13. National Capital Housing Authority should be placed directly
under the Commissioners of the District of Columbia.*
14. Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Banks for Cooperatives,
and Production Credit Corporations should be merged into a
single system, adopting the principle of mutualization. * *
15. Crop insurance premiums should include an amount for ad-
ministrative expenses of the Federal Crop Insurance Corpora-
tion.**
16. Readjustments of capital of the Commodity Credit Corporation
on account of losses should be financed by appropriations, not
by cancellation of notes.*
17. Congress should consider giving the Secretary of Agriculture
authority to develop a plan for farm lending service to tenant
and other farmers:
(a) Set up a modest Government corporation under the Agri-
cultural Credit Administrator.*
(b)-(i) Implement proposal in (a). Cover such matters as
activity of Land Bank and loan limits under corporation.*
(j) Farmers Home Administration should be liquidated.*
(k) and (1) Implement proposal in (j).*
18. Congress should review the Reconstruction Finance Corpora-
tion.
19. Congress might consider creation of a system of National
Mortgage Discount Banks.*
20. Inland Waterways Corporation should be liquidated.
21. Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration should be liqui-
dated.
22. Alaska Railroad should be incorporated.*
23. Washington National Airport should be incorporated.*
See Section II, Unfinished Business.
?? A review of the effectiveness of action taken on this recommendation appears warranted -
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
X
X
X
1950
X
X
1950
X
1950
X
X
1953
X
1949-53
X
X
X
X
X
X
1953
X
X
1953
X
1950-53
X
X
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REPORT NO. 18
OVERSEAS ADMINISTRATION-FEDERAL-STATE RELATIONS-FEDERAL RESEARCH
Recommendations Made by the Commission
Deduct: Accomplished
Mostly Accomplished
Partially Accomplished
7 (100%)
0
0
Recommendations Remaining
Deduct: Recommendations which are obsolete, no longer
of importance or duplicative with, or explanatory
of, other recommendations
Important Remaining Recommendations of the Commission
7 (100%)
0
Part 1-Overseas Administration
1. Recommendation
1. Congress should direct a comprehensive survey of the problem
of overseas operation and administration.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1951 & 1953
Part 2-Federal-State Relations
5 Recommendations'
1. Study should be made of governmental functions to determine
which should be performed by various levels of government.
2. Tax systems at all levels should be revised, with every possible
effort made to leave State and local governments adequate
sources of revenue.
3. Grants-in-aid given directly to State governments should be
budgeted and administered on Federal and State levels as are
other Federal and State funds.
4. Grant-in-aid plan and program should be clarified and sys-
tematized.
5. Continuing agency on Federal-State relations should be created.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1953
X
1953
X
1953
X
1953
X
1953
Part 3-Federal Research
1 Recommendation
1. (a) President should be granted authority to coordinate
research, and strengthen interdepartmental committee organiza-
tion for this purpose.
(b) National Science Foundation should be established.
Accomplished
Yes
Mostly
Partially
No
Date
X
1949-53
X
1949
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SECTION II
UNFINISHED BUSINESS
Of the 273 recommendations made, there remain 66 on which no affirmative action has been taken. Some
of these were the subject of Congressional consideration, and there met with defeat. This was the case of the
recommendations for, creating a United Medical Administration (Medical Affairs Recommendation No. 1), and
for removing Senate confirmation of Postmasters (Post Office Recommendation No. 5). Others were not con-
sidered by the Congress, or were never acted upon by the Executive. Recommendations on which no .affirmative
action was taken are listed in the columns headed "No "in Section I of this Report. They are again listed below,
report by report, as Category A.
. Certain other recommendations, which have been shown in Section I as "Mostly" or "Partially" accom-
plished, may for various reasons require further review. For example, the antiquated practice of "sending mil-
lions of expenditure vouchers and supporting papers to Washington" for audit (Budgeting and Accounting Rec-
commendation No. 11 (a)) is officially reported as having been "Mostly" accomplished. A review is needed to
determine if this is actually the case; and the effectiveness of new procedures adopted also warrants review.
Hence, in Category B under each report below are listed the items calling for such a review.
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SECTION II
UNFINISHED BUSINESS
Report No. 1-GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 17. Consolidation of 65 agencies under the direct supervision of the President into one-third
of that number.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 3. President should not not be prevented by law from reorganizing his office.
Recommendation No. 8. Interdepartmental committees should be inventoried by the President's office at least once a
year and terminated when work is finished.
Report No. 2-PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 2 (b). Appointing officers should be given more leeway than the "rule of three" in selection
of personnel.
Recommendation No. 3 (a). Congress, should establish a pay policy.
Recommendation No. 4 (c). Executive branch should provide training for promising career employees.
Recommendation No. 5 (a). Reduction-in-force legislation should be amended.
Recommendation No. 7. Applicants for civil-service posts should be rated by categories such as "outstanding," "well
qualified," and "unqualified".
Recommendation No. 8. Veterans should be considered before nonveterans in each category above.
Recommendation No. 15. Congress should enact legislation setting forth policy on conduct of training programs for
civilian employees.
Recommendation No. 16. Congress should enact a comprehensive pay administration policy for the executive branch.
Recommendation No. 17. Congress should limit its pay legislation to setting minimum and maximum rates within
which all adjustments are to be made.
Recommendation No. 19. Locality and industry pay differentials should be considered in setting pay scales for clerical,
subprofessional, postal, and "blue collar" jobs.
Recommendation No. 23 (a). Legislation and regulations governing reductions in force should be changed to provide
realistic ranking of employees, simplify procedures, and modify absolute retention preference for veterans.
Recommendation No. 23 (b). Ranking of employees for retention should be on basis of which should be retained
rather than which should be eliminated.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 3(d). Pay rates for certain positions should be related to locality or industry differentials.
Recommendation No. 4(b). Civil Service Commission should develop a promotion program crossing agency lines.
Recommendation No. 4(d). Employee participation in formulation of personnel policy.
Recommendation No. 6. President should require all major agencies to recruit, examine, and appoint employees for
high-level positions, those peculiar to the agencies and others which the Civil Service Commission decides can be
filled more effectively by the agencies.
Recommendation No. 10. Each agency should be required to recruit each year a specified number of young people
for subordinate posts.
Recommendation No. 18. Civil Service Commission, subject to approval of the President, should have responsibility
for establishment of individual pay scales and fixing standards of lob evaluation in all agencies.
Recommendation No., 21. President should require agencies to provide for employee participation in formulation of
Federal personnel policies.
Recommendation No. 24. A simple, clear-cut, and intelligent procedure for discharge of incompetent employees
should be instituted.
While these are the more important, many others may warrant expert review.
Report No. 3-OFFICE OF GENERAL SERVICES-SUPPLY ACTIVITIES
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 7. Matters involving Presidential action should be referred by the District of Columbia Offi-
cials to the Director of the Office of General Services.
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Recommendation No. 8. Smithsonian Institution officials should consult the Director of the Office of General Serv-
ices when they need assistance from the President or the agencies.
Recommendation No. 9. National Park and Planning Commission, National Capital Housing Authority, and the
Commission of Fine Arts should report to the Director of the Office of General Services.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
While none of the proposals accomplished have failed to follow the recommendations of the Hoover Commission
specifically, it has been over four years since the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 was
enacted, so that some review at this juncture might be given consideration.
Supply Activities
All action completed.
Report No. 4-THE POST OFFICE
Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 5. Abolish confirmation of postmasters by Senate.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 6. Apply provisions of Government Corporation Control Act of 1945 to Post Office.
Recommendation No. 7. Laws and regulations should be revised to simplify operations.
Report No. 5-FOREIGN AFFAIRS
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 20. Personnel of the Foreign Service and civil-service employees of the Department should
be combined into a single foreign affairs service serving at home and overseas.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
None
Report No. 6-DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 6. We recommend the establishment of 1 State council in each State, and i county council in
each agricultural county, as aids to orderly operations in the field.
Recommendation No. 9. We recommend that adjustment programs with respect to commodities and commodity
groups should be operated on a stand-by, rather than a continuous, basis.
Recommendation No. 10. To obtain economy and efficiency, this Commission recommends that inspection costs on
farm products, when imposed for the benefit and protection of the general public, be paid by the Federal Govern-
ment. Inspection and grading services primarily for the benefit or protection of producers or processors should be
paid for by the producers or processors.
Recmmendation No. 11. We recommend that customs receipts now allotted directly to the Department be paid into
the Treasury and that direct annual appropriations be made by the Congress for specified purposes.
Recommendation No. 12. We recommend that the Department of Agriculture be required to report to the Presi-
dent and the Congress on all irrigation or reclamation projects about their use or timeliness.
Recommendation No. 13. This Commission recommends that all regulatory functions above relating to food prod-
ucts be transferred to the Department of Agriculture and that those relating to other products be placed under a
reorganized drug bureau administered by the public health agency.
Recommendation No. 14. Our 3 Task Forces on Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Public Works all urgently
recommend the consolidation of these agencies (Forest Service of the De artment of Agriculture and Bureau of Land
Management of the Department of the Interior). I t has been urged for many years by students of government.
The Commission agrees with this recommendation.
Recommendation No. 15. Major land agencies should be grouped in the Department of Agriculture, except min-
eral questions, while water development activities should be grouped in the Department of the Interior.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 8. We recommend that conservation payments to a farmer should be restricted to those which
will bring about the adoption of complete and balanced conservation programs on his farm. They should not be
used as income supplements in disguise. When the conservation plan on any farm has been completed, such pay-
ments to the owner should stop.
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Report No. 7-BUDGETING AND ACCOUNTING
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 2. Complete survey of a propriations structure should be made.
Recommendation No. 3. Bud*et estimates of all agencies should be divided into 2 primary categories-current
operating expenditures and capital outlays.
Recommendation No. 10(a). An Accountant General should be established under the Secretary of Treasury.
Recommendation No. 10(b). Accountant General should produce financial reports for President, Congress, and the
public.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 4. President should have authority to reduce expenditures under appropriations if purposes
intended by Congress still are carried out.
Recommendation No. 8. President should be given means and authority to supervise all publications of the Execu-
tive Branch, the authority to be delegated to the Office of the Budget.
Recommendation No. 11(a). Practice of sending millions of expenditures vouchers and supporting papers to Wash-
ington should be stopped as far as possible.
Recommendation No. 11(b). Spot sampling process of expenditures vouchers should be substituted.
Recommendation No. 12. Accounting system should be revised to provide accrual accounting, simplification or elim-
ination of the present warrant system, uniform practices and procedures, better inventory and public debt accounting.
All others.
Statistical Activities
All action completed.
Report No. 8-THE NATIONAL SECURITY ORGANIZATION
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 2(d). Service Secretaries should be designated Under Secretaries directly responsible to Secre-
tary of Defense and without right of appeal directly to President. .
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
All (n. b. This was stated incorrectly in the first printing.)
Report No. 9-VETERANS' AFFAIRS
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 1(h). Office of Legislation to be consolidated with that of General Counsel.
Recommendation No. 6. Transfer of veterans' housing loan guaranty program to Housing and Home Finance
Agency.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 1(e). Establish Veterans' Life Insurance Corporation.
Recommendation No.' 3. Veterans' Life Insurance Corporation should be created.
All others.
Report No. 10-DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 3. Study should be made of marine functions of Bureau of Customs in Treasury Department
to see if some of them can be transferred to Commerce Department.
Recommendation No. 4. Bureau of Civil Aviation should be established in the Department of Commerce.
Recommendation No. 6. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics should be incorporated in the Bureau of
Civil Aviation.
Recommendation No. 9. Formulation of railroad-consolidation plans and car service and safety functions should
be transferred from Interstate Commerce Commission to Department of Commerce.
Recommendation No. 12. Secretary of Commerce should be assigned duty of making over-all route programs for
air, land, and water transportation.
Recommendation No. 13. All commercial fishery activities of the Department of the Interior should be transferred
to a Bureau of Commercial Fisheries in the Department of Commerce.
Recommendation No. 14. Interdepartmental committee should be established to determine fields of Commerce, Agri-
culture, Interior, and State Departments in commodity research.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
None.
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Report No. 11-TREASURY DEPARTMENT
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 2(b). The Coast Guard and probably certain marine functions of the Bureau of Customs
should be transferred to the Department of Commerce.
Recommendation No. 2(c). The Bureau of Narcotics should be transferred to the Department of Justice.
Recommendation No. 3. Supervision of operations on Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Federal Deposit Insur-
ance Corporation, and Export-Import Bank should be vested in Secretary of the Treasury.
Recommendation No. 8. Treasury Department should examine and report to President and Congress semiannually
on lending agencies now in liquidation.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 1. Treasury Department should be thoroughly reorganized along functional lines.
Recommendation No. 4. Department should he divided into 7 major groups (specified in detail).
Recommendation No. 9. National Monetary and Credit Council of domestic financial agencies should be estab-
lished in connection with the Treasury to advise on policies and coordination of the Government's domestic credit
policies.
Report No. 12-REGULATORY COMMISSIONS
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted. Upon:
Recommendation No. 2. Members of the Securities and Exchange Commission, Federal Power Commission, and
Federal Communications Commission should be removable only for cause, as is the case with other commissions.
Recommendation No. 8. Power-Planning functions of the Federal Power Commission should be transferred to the
Department of the Interior.
Recommendation No. 10. Equipment inspection and safety and car service functions should be transferred from the
Interstate Commerce Commission to the Commerce Department.
Recommendation No. 11. Regulation of safety of aircraft operation should be transferred from Civil Aeronautics
Board to Commerce Department, subject to appeal.
Recommendation No. 12. All regulatory commissions should have bipartisan membership.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 3. Upon expiration of his term, a Commissioner should continue to hold office until his
successor has been appointed and qualified.
Recommendation No. 6. Commissions should be authorized to delegate routine, preliminary and less important
work to their staffs.
Report No. 13-DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
All action completed.
Report No. 14-DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 1. Creation of a Board of Impartial Analysis for Engineering and Architectural Projects as
part of the President's office.
Recommendation No. 4(b). Transfer of public building construction from Federal Works Agency to the Depart-
ment of the Interior.
Recommendation No. 4(d). Transfer of certain major construction on behalf of other agencies to the Department
of the Interior.
Recommendation No. 9. Rivers and harbors and flood control activities of the Corps of Engineers should be trans-
ferred to the Department of the Interior.
Recommendation No. 10. Clarification and codification of laws pertaining to the Bureau of Reclamation.
Recommendation No. 12. With respect, to international boundary streams, the responsibility for negotiating agree-
ments should remain with the State Department, but all construction should be a function of the Water Development
and Use Services.
Recommendation No. 15. Tin smelter at Texas City, Tex., should be operated by the Bureau of Mines.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 2. Department of the Interior should be reorganized along more functional and major pur-
pose lines.
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Recommendation No. 4(c). Transfer of community services from Federal Works Agency to Department of the In-
terior.
Recommendation No. 11. Drainage Area Advisory Commission should be created for each major drainage area.
Report. No. 15=SOCIAL SECURITY-EDUCATION INDIAN AFFAIRS
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 4. Review of the old-age and survivors' insurance program.
Recommendation No. 8. Bureau of Indian Affairs to be transferred from Interior Department to proposed Welfare
Department.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 3. Children's Bureau to be divested of grant functions and shifted to general staff capacity
to Secretary.
Indian Affairs
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 6. Following steps should be taken to establish business enterprises:
(a) Each have own charter and board of directors;
(b) Basic policies incorporated in charter;
(c) Members of board of directors to be preponderantly Indian and financially accountable;
(d) Other members appointed for business or technical ability;
(e) Creation of such corporations as part of program for each area;
(f) Administrative supervision by Indian Bureau to be gradually relaxed and discontinued;
(g) Accounts to be audited annually.
Recommendation No. 7(c). Each superintendency should have a classification range of 2 grades to allow for pro-
motion.
Recommendation No. 8(a). Commissioner of Bureau of Indian Affairs should be a professional, permanent admin-
istrator, appointed by Department head to whom Indian Service would be attached.
Recommendation No. 8(b). Budget and appropriations be made upon basis of area programs.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 1. Integration of Indians into the rest of the population.
Recommendation No. 2. Pending integration, social programs for Indians should be progressively transferred to State
governments.
Recommendation No. 3. All agencies concerned with Indian affairs, including State and local governments, should
take part in planning programs.
Recommendation No. 4. Objectives of planning should be:
(a) Adequate education;
(b) Adequate standard of living;
(c) Reduction of mortality and morbidity rates;
(d) Transfer of social programs to state and local control;
(e) Transfer of medical services to local governments;
(f) Transfer of tribal property to Indian-owned corporations;
(g) Participation in political and civic life of States;
(h) Termination of tax exemption for Indian lands.
Recommendation No. S. Economic assistance program should include:
(a) Assistance to young employable Indians and better cultured families to leave reservations;
(b) Placing tribal and Indian enterprises on a corporate or cooperative basis.
Report No. 16-MEDICAL ACTIVITIES
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 1. United Medical Administration should be created.
Recommendation No. 4. Following functions should be transferred to the United Medical Administration:
(a) General and station hospitals of the Armed Forces in the United States, with certain exceptions.
(b) Hospital functions of the Veterans' Administration in toto.
(c) The four nonmilitary hospitals in the Canal Zone.
(d) Hospitals of the' Public Health Service.
(e) Functions, facilities, and personnel of the Public Health Service.
(f) St. Elizabeths Hospital should be transferred from Federal Security Agency to either the District of Columbia
or the United Medical Administration.
40
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Recommendation No. 5. Congress should define beneficiaries entitled to medical care from the Government and
prescribe how this care should be given.
Recommendation No. 6. Inconsistency in policy between the Federal hospital construction program and Federal aid
to non-Federal hospitals under the Hill-Burton Act should be ended.
Recommendation No. 11. Highest priority should be given to research, preventive medicine, public health and educa-
tion.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 10. Survey should be made to determine the needs for emergency aid to medical schools.
All others.
Report No. 17-FEDERAL BUSINESS ENTERPRISES
A. Recommendations Which Have Not Been Acted Upon:
Recommendation No. 1. Government Corporation Control Act of 1945 should be revised to provide:
(b) Government stock in these corporations should be held by the President or by the head of such agency as he
may direct.
(d) Major expenditures for capital additions should be made only with prior congressional approval and appropria-
tion.
(e) In determining construction costs, all corporations should include a charge for interest on capital expenditures.
Recommendation No. 2 Government business enterp rises should be required to surrender to the Treasury all United
States securities held, up to the amount of capital furnished by the Government, and should receive in return non-
interest-bearing credit in the Treasury.
Recommendation No. 3. Straight-line business activities should be incorporated.
Recommendation No. 7. As a general principle, receipts arising outside of normal activities should be paid into the
Treasury, and sums needed by the agency should be appropriated by the Congress.
Recommendation No. 8. Congress should: (a) review power to make direct loans, and (b) in non-emergency periods,
insure that normal credit channels are utilized to maximum extent possible, or provide for guaranty of loans made by
private agencies.
Recommendation No. 13. National Capital Housing Authority should be placed directly under the Commissioners
of the District of Columbia.
Recommendation No. 16. Readjustments of capital of the Commodity Credit Corporation on account of losses should
be financed by appropriations, not by cancellation of notes.
Recommendation No. 17. Congress should consider giving the Secretary of Agriculture authority to develop a plan
for farm lending service to tenant and other farmers:
(a) Set up a modest Government corporation under the Agricultural Credit Administrator.
(b)-(i) Implement proposal in (a). Cover such matters as activity of Land Bank and loan limits under corporation.
(j) Farmers Home Administration should be liquidated.
(k) and (1) Implement proposal in (j).
Recommendation No. 19. Congress might consider creation of a system of National Mortgage Discount Banks.
Recommendation No. 22. Alaska Railroad should be incorporated.
Recommendation No. 23. Washington National Airport should be incorporated.
B. Recommendations on Which a Review of the Effectiveness of Action Taken Appears Warranted:
Recommendation No. 1. Government Corporation Control Act of 1945 should be revised to provide:
(a) Borrowing powers, Government liability, and budgetary presentation of Government corporations should be made
uniform for like classes of loans and like securities.
(c) Congress should determine the disposition of su rpluses already earned by partly owned Government corporations,
and should determine policies as to distribution of future surpluses.
(f) Boards or part-time boards should be wholly advisory and appointed by the President.
(g) Where corporations are located in other Government agencies, the agency heads or their representatives should
serve as ex officio chairmen of their advisory boards.
Recommendation No. 4. Some agencies such as Post Office and Bureau of Reclamation should not be incorporated
but should be given flexibility of business practice, business form of budget accounting, and auditing systems, and
should be required to set up their accounts to distinguish between capital and operating expenditures.
Recommendation No. 5. Congress should require Government business enterprises receiving appropriations for ad-
ministrative expenses either to conduct their business so as to recover administrative expenses or to set out such sub-
sidies as part of their requests for appropriations.
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Recommendation No. 6. Both incorporated and unincorporated business enterprises should report to Congress each
year the extent to which earned income fails to cover: (a) interest on 'Government capital; (b) losses on loans or
investments; and (c) operating expenses.
Recommendation No. 14. Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Banks for Cooperatives,' and Production Credit Cor-
porations should be merged into a single system, adopting the principle of mutualization.
Recommendation No. 15. Crop insurance premiums should include an amount for administrative expenses of the Fed-
eral Crop Insurance Corporation.
All others.
Report No. 18-OVERSEAS ADMINISTR ATION-FEDERAL-STATE RELATIONS-
FEDERAL RESEARCH
All action completed.
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APPENDIX A
A RECONCILIATION OF VARIOUS ESTIMATES OF THE
NUMBER OF RECOMMENDATIONS MADE BY THE HOOVER COMMISSION
Various official and unofficial estimates have been made of the number of recommendations of the Hoover Commission
over the last four years. The principal ones are:
1. The Bureau of the Budget (1949) 288 Recommendations
2. Senate 'Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments (1949) 281 Recommendations
3. Senate Committee on Government Operations (1953) 276 Recommendations
4. Citizens Committee for the Hoover Report (1953) 273 Recommendations
The two latest estimates, made in 1953 (Items 3. and 4. above), differ only by three. This difference arises from three
minor recommendations made by the Commission in its Concluding Report. They were counted by the Senate Committee as
separate proposals; whereas the Citizens Committee considered them as parts of other recommendations.
These various estimates have led to some confusion. For this reason, the differences between them are explained below.
The differences between the 1953 estimates (Items 3. and 4. above) and the 1949 estimates (Items 1. and 2. above) are
quite substantial. These variations are accounted for by differences in the method of computation used. In the 1953 estimates
for example Interior Department Recommendation No. 3 is counted as one recommendation, whereas the 1949 computations
count it as three recommendations. The recommendation in question is as follows:
"We recommend that the agencies listed below should be transferred to other offices or Departments, to which they
are functionally more closely related:
a. The Bureau of Indian Affairs to a new department for social security, education, and Indian affairs.
b. The Bureau of Land Management (except minerals) to the Department of Agriculture.
,c. The Commercial Fisheries from the Fish and Wildlife Service to the Department of Commerce."
In the case of the National Security Organization, the recommendations, to take another case, are listed Nos. 1 through 6.
By counting sub-recommendations, this was increased by eight in the 1949 computations.
There are also certain direct or implied recommendations which the Commission itself did not specifically so identify.
Some of these are included in the texts of the reports but are not numbered and do not appear in boldface type. For example,
in its report on Federal Personnel Management, the Commission stated in elaboration of Recommendation No. 2:
"The provision of the statute establishing the Tennessee Valley Authority, which makes mandatory the
removal of appointing officers exercising political favoritism in making appointments, would be extended
to the entire Federal service."
Similarly, in its report on the Department of Agriculture (Page 7) the Commission in commenting on the Department made
what is in effect a recommendation as follows:
"We have urged in our first report that the foundation of good departmental administration is that the
Secretary shall have authority from the Congress to organize and control his organization, and that separate
authorities to subordinates be eliminated."
Here again in effect the Commission made a specific recommendation, but one which was not numbered. Hence this has not
been included in the 1953 computations.
The Various Methods of Implementation Required
Another problem in this general matter of numerical computation arises from the various methods of implementation. It
was estimated by the Bureau of the Budget in 1949 that the 288 recommendations in its computation called for 322 reor-
ganization processes of the three following categories:
1. Legislation
2. Reorganization Plans submitted by the President
3. Administrative action
The difference between'the number of recommendations and the number of reorganization processes required is accounted
for by the fact that certain recommendations called for several types of action for full implementation. For example, Recom-
mendation No. 9 in the Commission's Report on Post Office proposes that subsidies to airlines be separated from payments
for the carriage of airmail. This recommendation has now been, in substance, accomplished through Reorganization Plan
No. 10 of 1953. However, it will be necessary for the Congress, by means of appropriation legislation, to give the funds
to the Civil Aeronautics Board rather than to the Post Office. While the latter type of action is more or less a routine matter,
it does nevertheless constitute a second reorganization process, stemming from one recommendation of the Commission. In the
computations here given the number of steps required are not included.
* * * * * * * * * * * *
A reconciliation of the Citizens Committee's 1953 estimate of the number of recommendations, with the two official 1949
estimates, is attached hereto.
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RECONCILIATION OF ESTIMATES OF RECOMMENDATIONS MADE BY
THE HOOVER COMMISSION
(1)
Citiz
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
ens
Committ
B
Reconciliation
Senate Com.
Reconciliation
Reconciliation
1 .
ee
General Management of the ExecuSept. 1, 1953
-
ureau of the
Budget, 1949
columns
(1) and (2)
on Expendi-
tures,1949
Columns
(1) and (4)
Columns
(2) and (4)
2
tive Branch
Personnel Mana
t
27
26
-1
27
Same
+ 1
.
3
gemen
Office of G
l S
i
29
33
+4
29
Same
-4
.
4.
enera
erv
ces
The Post Office
23
21
-2
25
+2
+4
5
Forei
n Affairs
9
9
Same
9
Same
Same
.
6
g
De
artment
f A
i
l
22
22
Same
22
Same
Same
.
7.
p
o
gr
cu
ture
Budgeting and Accounitn
16
11
-5
16
Same
+5
8
g
National Secu
it
O
i
i
18
14
-4
13
-5
-1
.
9
r
y
rgan
zat
on
Veterans' Affairs
6
14
+8
6
Same
-8
.
10
Department of Comm
6
9
+3
12
+6
+3
.
11.
erce
Treasury Department
14
10
17
1
+3
14
Same
-3
12.
13
Regulatory Commissions
De
artment of L
b
12
0
11
Same
-1
10
12
Same
Same
Same
+ 1
.
14.
p
a
or
Department of Interior
8
8
Same
8
Same
Same
15.
Social Security, Education, and In-
15
18
+ 3
15
Same
-3
16.
dian Affairs
Medical Activities
17
17
Same
17
Same
Same
17.
Federal Business Enterprises
11
23
10
-1
11
Same
+ 1
8
O
30
+7
23
Same
1
.
verseas Administration, Federal-
State Relations, Federal Research
19
Concl
di
R
7
8
+ 1
8
+ 1
-7
Same
.
u
ng
eport
-
-
-
4
+4
+4
TOTAL
273
288
+15
281
+8
-7
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3~ ~ y
Citizens Committee for the Hoover Report
THE HON. HERBERT HOOVER
HONORARY CHAIRMAN
Sidney A. Mitchell
Chairman
Colby M. Chester
Chairman, Finance Committee
N. Baxter Jackson
Treasurer
Louis J. Burns, Jr.
Administrative Director
Charles B. Coates
Vice Chairman & General Manager
Hon. Joseph B. Ely
E. W. Palmer
Neal Dow Becker
Charles Dana Bennett
Colby M. Chester
Charles B. Coates
William E. Cotter
Gen. William J. Donovan
Ferdinand Eberstadt
Hon. Warren R. Austin
Hon. Colgate W. Darden, Jr.
Hon. Charles Edison
Henry Ford II
Keith M. Urmy
Assistant Treasurer
VICE CHAIRMEN
B. E. Hutchinson
Neil Petree
John Stuart
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Hon. James A. Farley
Clarence Francis
Robert Heller
Horace E. Henderson
Mrs. Oswald B. Lord
Sidney A. Mitchell
Herschel D. Newsom
ADVISORY BOARD
Hon. John N. Garner
Cord Meyer, Jr.
Lessing J. Rosenwald
16
-0100.
Robert L. L. McCormick
Research Director
Julian S. Myrick
Wallace H. Savage
Dr. Fred D. Patterson
Neil Petree
Stanley Resor
Capt. Edward V. Rickenbacker
Earl O. Shreve
John Stuart
Dr. Robert G. Sproul
Anna Lord Strauss
Charles E. Wilson
Hon. Harry H. Woodring
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