HANDBOOK OF ECONOMIC STATISTICS, 1985

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 244
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 3, 2011
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: September 1, 1985
• Content Type: REPORT

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-~ORANDUM FOR: ~
(DATE)
FORM N0. 'O~ REPLACES FORM 10.101
t eiir_ ~. ~ .. _
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Directorate of
1, Intelligence
Handbook of
Economic Statistics,
1985
CPAS 85-! 0001
September 1985
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Directorate of
Intelligence
Handbook of
Economic Statistics,
1985
Research Jor this report was completed
on 1 August 1985
CPAS 85-10001
September 1985
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Handbook of
Economic Statistics, 1985
Purpose and Scope
The Handbook oJEconomic Statistics, 1985,
provides statistics for selected non-Communist
countries and all the Communist countries.
In general, the data in the Handbook are for
1960, 1965, 1970, 1975, and 1980-84. Data for
the Communist and non-Communist countries
have been adjusted, when necessary, to achieve
comparability and therefore may differ from
data presented in the original sources. Footnotes
have been used liberally to give definitions,
exceptions, and methodology. The base year for
average annual rates of growth is the year prior
to the stated period.
Rounding of the Totals
The totals have been rounded, with some excep-
tions, to three significant digits. Because of
rounding, components may not add to the totals
shown. Totals are not presented if missing data
are believed to represent a significant part of the
total. In general, zeros appearing after the last
nonzero number following the decimal point are
not significant but are used merely for con-
sistency in presentation.
Symbols
The abbreviation rrn (not available) is used
when information about the existence of the
data or the magnitude of the data is not avail-
able, and the abbreviation rrECL (negligible) is
used when the magnitude of the data is less than
one-half of the final unit employed for each
table.
Sources
The data given for the most recent years are
frequently preliminary and subject to revision.
The data for the Communist countries are offi-
cial data from the country cited, CIA estimates,
or estimates made by other organizations. The
data for the non-Communist countries are from
publications of the United Nations, the Organi-
zation for Economic Cooperation and Develop-
ment (OECD), publications of US Government
agencies, unclassified publications of other in-
ternational organizations or individual coun-
tries, or are estimates of this Office.
Terms
Unless otherwise indicated, the term Commu-
nist Countries includes the USSR, the countries
of Eastern Europe, China, Albania, Cambodia,
Cuba, Laos, North Korea, Vietnam, and Yu-
goslavia; the term Eastern Europe includes Bul-
garia, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary,
Poland, and Romania. The term European
Community includes Belgium, Denmark,
France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the
Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and West
Germany. The term developed countries in-
cludes the European Community, Austria, Fin-
land, Iceland, Israel, Liechtenstein, Portugal,
Malta, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey, Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zea-
land, the Republic of South Africa, and the
United States. The term Organization.for Eco-
nomic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
includes all the developed countries, except
Liechtenstein, Malta, Israel, and the Republic
of South Africa.
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The Big Six includes Canada, France, Italy,
Japan, the United Kingdom, and West Germa-
ny. The Big Seven includes the United States
and the Big Six.
Except for economic aid data, the term less
developed countries includes the following:
? All independent countries of Africa except the
Republic of South Africa.
? All independent countries of East Asia except
Japan.
? All independent countries in Latin America
except Cuba.
? All independent countries in the Middle East
and South Asia, except Israel and Turkey.
Except for Cyprus, no country in either Eastern
or Western Europe is in the LDC grouping.
Except for Hong Kong, no territory that is a
possession, trust, or protectorate is included in
the LDC grouping.
The definition of less developed countries for
economic aid conforms to that used by the
Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the
OECD and other aid agencies and includes the
following non-Communist countries:
? All independent countries of Africa except the
Republic of South Africa.
? All countries of East Asia except Hong Kong and
Japan.
? Malta, Portugal, and Spain in Europe.
? All independent countries in Latin America,
except Cuba.
? All countries in the Middle East and South Asia.
Totals for the country groupings may or may not
include all of the countries listed above, depending
on the commodity or services listed.
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Graphic Summary 1
Manufacturing Goods and Forestry 171
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Graphic Summary
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure
10.
Figure
11.
Figure
12.
Figure
13.
Figure
14.
Figure
15.
Figure
16.
Figure
17.
Figure
18.
Gross National Product Per Capita, 1984
World Gross National Product and Population, 1984
Real Gross National Product Trends
Real Gross National Product Comparisons
Developed Countries: Aggregate Inflation Rate Trends
Less Developed Countries: Aggregate Real GNP Growth Rates
Less Developed Countries: Aggregate Inflation Rate Trends
Percent Change in the Value of Selected Foreign Currencies Relative to
Government Receipts, Outlays, and Balances as a Share of GDP
Selected Industrial Countries: Comparative Tax Burden, 1982
Selected Industrial Countries: Trends in Interest Rates
Soviet and East European Economic Aid Extended to Less Developed Countries
USSR: Military Agreements With Less Developed Countries
Measures of Energy Efficiency
Minerals and Metals: Net Imports as a Share of Consumption, 1984
World Crude Steel Production
World Passenger Automobile Production
World Wheat and Coarse Grain Supplies
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Figure 1
Gross National Product Per Capita, 1984 (in 1984 US ~)
Bahrain
Greenland
Norway
United Arab Emirates
Bermuda
Japan
Qatar
United States
Brunei
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
West Germany
Canada
Liechtenstein
Sweden
Denmark
Nauru
$5
Switzerland
001 to 510
000
American Samoa
France
,
,
Italy
Poland
Australia
French Polynesia
Libya
Romania
Austria
Gabon
Luxembourg
Singapore
Belgium
Guam
Martinique
Trinidad and Tobago
Bulgaria
Hong Kong
Monaco
United Kingdom
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
Netherlands
USSR
East Germany
Iceland
New Caledonia
Vvgin Islands (US)
Farce Islands
Ireland
New Zealand
Yugoslavia
Finland
Israel
$
Oman
001 to 55
000
1
Algeria
Dominica
,
,
Macau
S[. Lucia
Andorra
Dominican Republic
Malaysia
San Marino
Antigua and Barbuda
Ecuador
Malta
Seychelles
Argentina
Falkland Islands
Mauritius
South Africa
Bahamas, The
Fiji
Mexico
South Korea
Barbados
French Guiana
Mongolia
Spain
Belize
Gibraltar
Montserrat
Suriname
Brazil
Greece
Morocco
Syria
Chile
Guadeloupe
Netherlands Antilles
Thailand
China-Taiwan
Guatemala
Panama
Tunisia
Colombia
Iran
Paraguay
Turkey
Cook Islands
Iraq
Peru
Uruguay
Costa Rica
Ivory Coast
Portugal
Venezuela
Cuba
Jamaica
Puerto Rico
Cyprus
Jordan
Reunion
5401 to 51,000
Albania
Guyana
Pakistan
Tuvalu
Angola
Honduras
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Anguilla
Indonesia
Philippines
Wallis and Futuna
Bolivia
Kenya
St Christopher
Islands
Botswana
Kiribati
and Nevis
Western Samoa
Cameroon
Lebanon
St. Vincent and
Yemen Arab Republic
Congo
Liberia
the Grenadines
Yemen, People's Demo-
Djibouti
Madagascar
SenCgal
cratic Republic of
Egypt
Maldives
Solomon Islands
Zambia
EI Salvador
Mauritania
Sri Lanka
Zimbabwe
Equatorial Guinea
Namibia
Sudan
Gambia, The
Nicaragua
Swaziland
Ghana
Nigeria
Tonga
Grenada
North Korea
Turks and Caicos Islands
Afghanistan
China-Mainland
Mozambique
Western Sahara
Bangladesh
Comoros
Nepal
Zaire
Benin
Ethiopia
Niger
Bhutan
Guinea
Rwanda
Burkina
Guinea-Bissau
Sao Tome and Principe
Burma
Haiti
Sierre Leone
Burundi
India
Somalia
Cambodia
Laos
Tanzania
Cape Verde
Lesotho
Togo
Central African Republic
Malawi
Uganda
Chad
Mali
Vietnam
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The United Staten Governmem has not recognized
the incorporation of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
imo the Soviet Union. Other boundary representation
is not necessarily authoritative.
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Figure 2
World Gross National Product and Population, 1984
Developed
non-Communist countries Other 7.7 -
Less developed
non-Communist countries
China 2 L4
Other 5.0 -
United States 4.9
Japan 2.5
Other developed 4.4
West Germany 1.3
Other EC 4.4
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Figure 3
Real Gross National Product Trends
Developed Non-Communist Countries Less Developed Non-Communist Countries
Average annual rate -2
of growth (percent)
Average annual rate -Z
of growth (percent)
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Figure 4
Real Gross National Product Comparisons
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Figure 5
Developed Countries: Aggregate Inflation-Rate Trends
Average annual rate
of growth (percent)
3W000 8/85
7
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Figure 6
Less Developed Countries: Aggregate Real GNP Growth Rates
Average annual rate
of growth (percent)
306001 8/86
8
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Figure 7
Less Developed Countries: Aggregate Inflation-Rate Trends
soeoae ales
9
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Figure 8
Percent Change in the Value of Selected Foreign Currencies Relative to the US Dollar-
German mark
French franc
Trade-weighted dollarb
British pound
Japanese yen
-60 I II III IV [ II III IV I II [II IV I II III IV I [I III [V 1 ^ III IV [ II III IV I II III [V I II III IV 1 II III IV
1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984
a Change relative to selected foreign currencies, compared to March 1973.
b
Relative to 16 major currencies, weighted by 1979-80 trade in manufactures.
306003 8/85
10
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Figure 9
Government Receipts, Outlays, and Balances, as a Share of GDP
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Figure 10
Selected Industrial Countries: Comparative Tax Burden, 1982
General taxes
Direct
Italy
United Kingdom
West Germany
France
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Figure 11
Selected Developed Countries: Trends in Interest Rates
Short term
(call money)
Long term
(government bond
yields)
0 1960 65 70 75 80 84 0 1960 65 70 75 80 84 0 1960 65 70 75 80 84
0 1960 65 70 75 80 84 0 1960 65 70 75 80 84 0 1960 65 70 75 80 84
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Figure 12
Soviet and East European Economic Aid Extended to Less Developed Countries
Middle East
Asia
Africa
Latin America
USSR
1954-74: US ~ 10.1 billion
Eastern Europe
1954-74: US SS.8 billion
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Figure 13
USSR: Military Agreements With Less Developed Countries
Middle East
Africa
Asia
Latin America
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Figure 14
Measures of Energy Efficiency
"~"?"" Energy-to-GNP ratio OECD
Oil-to-GNP ratio
50 1973 75 80 84 50 1973 75 80 84 50 1973 75 80 84 50 1973 75 80 84 50 1973 75 80 84
~' Care should be taken in comparing Soviet oil-[o-GNP ratio directly with
the ratio of Western countries. The Soviet series is based on apparent
oil consumption because the Soviets do not publish data on oil
consumption. The apparent consumption series does not take into
consideration possible changes in year-to-year oil stock levels and is based
on reported oil production and estimates of oil exports and imports. i 6
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Figure 15
Minerals and Metals: Net Imports as a Share of Consumption, 1984
Bauxite Copper Nickel Lead Zinc Tin Cobalt Iron Ore Manganese Chromium
Y '11''J/1Y ~?~1
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Figure 16
World Crude Steel Production
United Stales
European Community
Japan
USSR/Eastern Europe
O[her Communist
Other
1960
Total_ 346 Million Ivietlic Tons
1980
Total: 714 Million Metric Tons
1970
Total: 594 Million Metric Tons
306011 8/85 ~ p
1984
Total: 690 Million Metric Tons
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Figure 17
World Passenger Automobile Production
United States
European Community
Japan
USSR/Eastern Europea
Other
1980
To[al: 29.0 Million Units
1984
Total: 30.4 Million Units
a
Data include production in Yugoslavia.
306012 8/85
19
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Figure 18
World Wheat and Coarse Grains Supplies
Production
~~=~-u-^ Consumption
0.8 1970/71 71/72 72/73 73/74 74/75 75/76 76/77 77/78 78/79 79/80 80/81 81/82 82/83 83/84 84/85
306013 8/85
20
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Economic Profile
Page
Table 1.
Selected World Statistics
22-23
Table 2.
Economic Profile: Developed Countries, 1984
24
Table 3.
Economic Profile: Communist Countries, 1984
25
Table 4.
Economic Profile: Selected Less Developed Countries, 1984
26
Table 5.
Economic Profile: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, 1984
27
Table 6.
Economic Profile: Selected Newly Industrialized Nations, 1984
28
Table 7.
Commodity Production of the US and USSR
29-31
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Table 1
Selected World Statistics a
Gross national product (billion 1984 US $)
5,300
6,780
8,770_._
10,900
12,900
13,100
13,200_
13,500
14,000
Population (mi/lion persons, midyear)
3,063
3,357
3,722
4,107
4,478
4,559
4,641
4,721
4,800
Agricultural production index (1975=100)
65
73
88
100
110
114
117
_117
122
_
Exports (billion US $)
129.8
189.9
313.1
873.8 _
1_,995.4
1,974.3_
1,849.7
1,808.8
1,897.0
b/d)
Crude oil, excluding natural gas liquids (mi//ion
21.0
_ 30.3
45_7
53.0
59.5
55.8
53.0
52.6
53.8
__
Natural gas (trillion cubicJeet)
NA
24.5
38.1
46.5
54.4
55.7
55.1
_ 55.4
58.9
Hard coal (million metric tons)
1,985 n
_2,034 b
2,141
2,361
2,728
2,728
2,829
2,829
2,997
Brown coal and lignite (million metric tons)
640
742
794
869
1,005
.1,034
1,069_
1,091
1,127
Electricity (billion kilowatt hours)
2,348
3,412
4,953
6,519
8,247
8,397
8,477 _
8,797
8,953
_ _
Iron ore (million metric tons)
522_
621
769
892
896
861
796_
800
_ 839
Bauxite (million metric tons)
27.6
37.4
57.8
75.1
88.8 _
86.0
73.2
77.4
85.2
Pig iron (million metric tons)
259
335
_ 431
468
510 _
501
454
466
480
Crude steel (million metric tons)
346
459
_ 594
651
714 _
704
641
644
690
Refined copper (thousand metric tons)
NA
6,157
7,543
8,344
8,916
9,171
9,119
9,340
_9_,680
Primary aluminum (million metric tons)
4.5
6.3
9.7
12.0
15.4
15.1
13.3
14.8
16.5
Smelter lead (thousand metric tons)
2,313
2,641
3,292
3,369
3,205
3,159
3,237
3,910
3,590
Refined zinc (thousand metric tons)
3,025
3,949
4,827
5,460
6,057
6,140
5,881
6,175
6,310
Primary tin (thousand metric tons)
192
200
_ 227
226
248
242
241
210
223
Mineral fertilizer ~ (million metric tons, nutrient content)
NA
42.8
66.3
93.3
119.0
124.9
119.0
119.6_
130.2
Nitrogen fertilizer ~ (million metric tons oj11~
NA
16.8
30.2
42.5
59.7
62.8
62.0
63.5
_ 68.6
Phosphate fertilizer ~ (million metric tons o.(P,O,)
NA
13.8
19.2
27.1
33.4
34.6
31.1
31.7
33.8
Potassium fertilizer ~ (million metric tons 4l K~O)
NA
12.1
16.9
23.7
25.9
27.5
25.9
24.4
27.8
Synthetic fibers (thousand metric tons)
700
2,050
4,870 _
7,450
10,475
10,830
10,142
9,538
9,513
Automobiles (thousand units)
12,800
19,100
22,500
25,220
28,997
27,567
26,130
29,686
30,413
Cement (million metric tons)
NA
439
585
720
867
875
888 _
890
911
Grain (million metric tons)
929
1,010
1,220
1,330
1,530
1,610
1,660
1,600
1,750
Wheat (million metric tons)
240
262
319
360
446
454
485
496
521
Coarse grain (million metric tons)
414
441
540
613
682
747
753
655
764
Rice (million metric tons)
162
166
312
359
399
412
423
450
468
Potatoes (million metric tons)
285
285
312
285
264
288
284
286
306
Sugar (million metric tons)
61.4
67.2
76.7
81.7
87.7
96.1
107
101
102
Coffee (thousand metric tons)
NA
4,929
3,566
4,393
4,793
6,026
4,963
5,518
NA
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Table 1 (continued)
Selected World Statistics a
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Fish catch (million metric tons)
40.2
53.2
65.6
66.0
72.3
75.1
76.8
NA
NA
Cattle (million head)
901
1,072
1,096
1,202
1,205
1,214
1,257
1,260
1,266
Hogs (million head)
519
575
594
655
793
778
767
777
778
Meat (million metric tons)
65.4
73.3
102
117
138
132
133
137
139
Milk (million metric tons)
315
342
362
392
428
430
432
448
449
Wool (thousand metric tons)
2,450
2,540
2,840
2,722
2,773
2,820
2,854
2,866
2,905
Ginned cotton (million metric tons)
10.4
12.2
11.8
11.7
14.0
15.4
14.7
14.7
18.4
Tobacco (thousand metric tons)
NA
4,581
4,675
5,445
5,289
5,974
6,882
5,923
NA
Railroad freight (billion ton-kilometers)
3,338
4,195
5,020
5,958
6,766
6,797
6,775
NA
NA
Fishing fleet inventory
(number)
NA
NA
12,889
18,940
21,523
21,800
21,926
22,231
21,913
(thousand GR7)
NA
NA
7,804
11,339
12,669
12,923
12,819
13,031
12,806
Merchant fleet inventory
(number)
17,229
17,825
19,503
22,353
23,855
24,247
24,467
24,503
24,699
(million DWT)
171.6
214.1
325.1
556.4
638.1
653.0
660.2
647.1
646.9
Tanker fleet inventory
(number)
3,371
3,533
4,119
5,177
5,439
5,606
5,647
5,600
5,574
(million DWTj
63.7
89.6
152.4
301.7
379.9
378.8
374.0
352.6
337.9
e For more detailed descriptions and definitions, refer to the n Including brown coal at its hard coal equivalent.
respective table. ~ Fertilizer year ending 30 June of the stated year.
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Table 2
Economic Profile: Developed Countries, 1984
United
States
Canada
Japan
European Community
Total
France
Italy
Nether-
lands
United
Kingdom
West
Germany
Aggregative data
Population
Million persons at midyear
236.7
25.2
120.0
272.7
54.8
57.0
14.4
56.4
61.2
Percent change
0.9
1.0
0.6
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.4
NEGL
-O.4
Gross national product
Billion 1984 US $ a
3,662.8
334.1
1,233.5
2,200
496.8
352.3
123.8
426.3
616.1
Percent real growth
6.8
2.4
5.8
2.2
1.8
3.0
1.2
2.0
2.5
Per capita (1984 US $)
15,470
13,260
10,280
8,070
9,060
6,180
8,580
7,560
10,070
Industrial production (percent growth)
10.7
8.7
11.1
NA
2.6
3.1
5.7
1.0
2.4
Industry
Primary energy (million b/d oil equivalent)
33.1
5.1
1.4
11.1
1.8
0.5
1.3
4.3
2.5
Electricity (billion kilowatt-hours)
2,574
435
644
1,370
333
184
63
282
394
Crude steel (million metric tons)
83.9
14.7
105.6
119
19.0
24.0
5.7
15.2
39.4
Cement (million metric tons)
70.8
8.7
78.8
130
23.1
38.9
3.2
13.5
28.7
Trade
Exports, f.o.b. (billion US $)
217.9 b
90.3
169.7
574.4 =
97.6
73.3
65.7
93.8
171.7
Imports, c.i.f. (billion US $)
341.2
78.5
136.2
591.6 ~
103.7
84.2
62.3
104.9
153.0
Trade balance (billion US $)
-123.3
11.8
33.5
-17.2 ~
-6.2
-10.9
3.4
-11.1
18.7
Indicators of living standards
Grain production (kilograms per capita) 1,330
1,660
130
550
1,040
350
98
470
430
Meat production (kilograms per capita) 105
97
28
84
93
61
155
57
85
Automobile registrations (units per thousand persons) 535 ~
426 d
216 a
328 n
375 d
347 a
324 d
286 a
359 n
Energy consumption (barrels oil equivalent per capita) ~ 54
62
22
25
25
17
33
25
30
Consumer prices (percent growth in 198 4.3
4.3
2.3
NA
7.7
10.6
3.3
5.0
2.4
Life expectancy (years) e 73
74
76
NA
74
73
76
71
72
a Data were converted from national currencies at ~ Data are for 1983.
average 1984 Par Rate/Market Rate factors. d Data are for 1982.
b Excluding Department of Defense shipments. ~ Latest available data.
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Table 3
Economic Profile: Communist Countries, 1984
USSR Eastern Europe China Yugo-
slavia
Total Bulgaria Czecho- East Hungary Poland Romania
slovalcia Germany
Billion 1984 US $
1,957.6
771
56.4
127.9
163.7
77.0
228.5
117.6
306.3
128.8
Percent real growth
2.5
3.1
3.1
2.3
3.0
1.3
3.4
4.3
12.0
1.7
Per capita (1984 US $)
7,120
6,920
6,270
8,250
9,800
7,200
6,190
5,200
300
5,600
Industrial production (percent growth)
3.8
2.7
2.4
2.8
2.1
2.3
4.5
3.5
14.1
5.6
Industry
Primary energy (million b/d oil equivalent)
30.0
6.6
0.2
1.0
1.4
0.3
2.5
1.1
10.7
0.6
Electricity (billion kilowatt-hours)
1,493
466
45
78
110
26
135
72
375
74
Crude steel (million metric tons)
154.0
60.0
2.9
14.8
7.6
3.8
16.5
14.4
43.4
4.2
Cement (million metric tons)
130.0
62.6
5.7
10.5
11.6
4.1
16.7
14.0
121.1
9.3
Trade
Exports, f.o.b. (billion US $)
91.5
101.1
12.8
17.4
25.2
16.3
17.4
12.0
27.4
10.5
Imports, f.o.b. (billion US $)
80.4
94.9
12.7
17.6
23.0
15.6 n
16.2
9.9
25.1
12.3
Trade balance (billion US $)
11.1
6.2
0.1
-0.2
2.2
0.7
1.3
2.1
2.3
-1.8
Indicators of living standards
Grain production (kilograms per capita)
620
870
1,050
770
690
1,470
660
1,040
400
790
Meat production (kilograms per capita)
61
92
94
100
115
170
66
74
15
71
Automobile registrations (units per thousand persons) ~
25
95
99
159
168
110
80
11
NEGL
119
Energy consumption (barrels oil equivalent per capita) c
33
28
29
35
40
20
24
22
3
14
Life expectancy (years) ~
70
NA
71
71
72
70
71
70
67
68
e Data were converted at US purchasing power equivalents. a Data are for 1983.
b Data are on a c.i.f. basis. a Latest available data.
Data are for 1982.
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Table 4
Economic Profile: Selected Less Developed Countries, 1984
e Value added, 1980.
b Data are for 1983.
Latest year available.
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Table 5
Economic Profile: Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries, 1984
e Data are for 1983.
n Including about one-half of Neutral Zone production.
Including natural gas liquids.
d Data are for 1981.
Latest available data.
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Table 6
Economic Profile: Selected Newly Industrializing Countries, 1984
Million persons
at midyear
Per capita
manufacturing (US $) b
Electricity production
(billion kilowatt hours)
Per capita
agriculture (US $) b
Grain production
(million metric tons)
31.2
32.5
2.6 ?
NEGL
26.4
NEGL
8.9
Trade
Exports, f.o.b. (million US S)
7,836 ~
27,005
30,456
28,317
24,407
24,070
29,244
Imports, c.i.f. (million US $)
4,504 ~
15,210
21,959
28,567
11,267
28,663
30,634
Living standard indicators
Educational expenditures as a Share
of GNP (percent) a
2.7
3.8
NA
2.6
5.2
2.5
2.7
Literacy rate (percent) a
93
75
90
90
83
84
93
Life expectancy at birth (years) a
68
59
72
71
65
68
66
Population per square kilometer a
10
14
600
4,850
36
4,115
387
a Argentina is included because its economy closely resem- ~ Data are for 1983.
bles the NIC economies. c Latest available data.
n Value added, 1980.
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Table 7
Commodity Production of the US and the USSR a
Commodity 19
60 19
65 19
70 19
75 198
0 198
1 198
2 198
3 198
4
Primary energy (million b/d of oil equivalent)
US
21.1
24.9
30.8
30.2
32.6
32.4
32.2
30.9
33.1
USSR
9.2
13.2
17.1
21.9
27.0
27.7
28.5
29.2
30.0
US
7,055
7,804
9,648
8,375
8,597
8,572
8,658
8,680
8,735
USSR
2,943
4,835
6,976
9,570
11,700
11,800
11,830
11,864
11,728
Natural gas (trillion cubic feet)
US
12.8
16.0
21.9
20.1
20.2
20.0
18.5
16.8
18.5
USSR
1.6
4.5
7.0
10.2
15.4
16.4
17.7
18.9
20.7
Hard coal (million metric tons)
US
391.5
475.3
550.4
576.2
710.4
700.8
712.4
658.0
749.8
USSR
355.9
397.6
432.7
485.0
493.0
481.0
488.0
487.0
484.0
Titanium sponge metal production (thousand metric tons)
US
4.8
8.2
14.0
14.4
20.4
24.0
14.2
12.7
22.1
USSR
6.0
23.0
40.0
57.0
68.0
69.0
70.0
71.0
71.0
Electricity (billion kilowatt-hours)
US
893.7
1,229.6
1,742.7
2,131.1
2,437.8
2,448.0
2,386.7
2,459.2
2,574.1
USSR
292.3
506.7
740.9
1,038.6
1,293.9
1,326.0
1,367.1
1,418.1
1,493.0
Iron ore (million metric tons)
US
90.2
88.8
91.2
80.1
70.7
74.3
36.0
38.2
52.1
USSR
105.9
153.4
197.1
234.7
244.7
242.4
244.4
245.2
247.0
Bauxite (thousand metric tons)
US
2,030
1,680
2,125
1,800
1,559
1,510
732
679
811
USSR
3,100
5,300
6,700
8,000
9,100
9,100
9,000
8,900
9,200
Pig iron (million metric tons)
US
62.2
82.6
82.8
72.3
62.3
66.9
39.3
44.2
47.1
USSR
46.8
66.2
85.9
103.0
107.3
107.8
106.7
110.5
111.4
Crude steel (million metric tons)
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Table 7 (continued)
Commodity Production of the US and the USSR a
Commodity
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Primary aluminum (thousand metric tons)
US
1,827
2,498
3,607
3,519
4,654
4,489
3,274
3,353
4,099
USSR
565
990
1,640
2,345
2,705
2,720
2,735
2,795
2,879
Lead (thousand metric tons)
US
347
379
605
577
550
497
513
515
397
USSR
300
385
470
540
560
560
560
565
582
Refined zinc (thousand metric tons)
US
788
978
866
450
370
397
302
305
329
USSR
360
475
690
820
820
820
820
825
850
Gold (million troy ounces)
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Table 7 (continued)
Commodity Production of the US and the USSR e
US
181.3
183.5
186.7
249.2
269.7
333.4
332.9
207.5
313.9
USSR
125.6
121.1
186.8
140.1
189.1
160.0
180.0
192.0
170.0
Wheat (million metric tons)
US
36.9
35.8
36.8
57.9
64.6
76.2
76.5
66.0
70.6
USSR
64.3
59.7
99.7
66.2
98.2
80.0
86.0
79.0
75.0
Coarse grain (million metric tons)
US
141.9
144.2
146.1
185.5
198.4
249.0
250.7
137.1
237.0
USSR
61.1
60.8
85.8
71.9
88.3
72.0
86.0
99.0
84.0
Potatoes (million metric tons)
US
11.7
13.1
14.8
14.6
13.7
15.4
16.0
15.1
16.3
USSR
84.4
88.7
96.8
88.7
67.0
72.1
78.2
82.9
85.3
Sugar (million metric tons)
US
3.6
4.9
5.3
6.0
5.3
5.8
5.4
S.2
5.3
USSR
6.9
12.0
11.1
11.3
11.0
10.3
13.1
13.1
13.6
Meat (million metric tons)
US _
12.8
14.3
22.5
23.0
24.2
24.6
24.1
25.0
25.0
USSR
8.7
10.0
12.3
15.0
15.1
15.2
15.4
16.4
16.7
Milk (million metric tons)
US
53.7
56.3
53.3
52.3
58.3
60.2
61.5
63.4
61.4
USSR
61.7
72.6
83.0
90.8
90.9
88.9
91.0
96.4
97.6
US
3,107
3,260
2,219
1,808
2,422
3,405
2,605
1,692
2,894
USSR
1,458
1,914
2,343
2,524
2,959
2,881
2,673
2,610
2,494
e For more detailed definitions, exceptions, and methodology
refer to the commodity tables.
n Fertilizer year ending 30 June of the stated year.
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Aggregative Trends
Page
Tables 8-11.
Gross National Product
34-38
Table 12.
Real Gross National Product Growth
39
Table 13.
Real Gross National Product Per Capita Growth
40
Table 14.
Economic Indicators for Selected Non-OPEC Less Developed Countries
41
Table 15.
Economic Indicators for Selected Industrial Countries
42-43
Table 16.
Agricultural Production
44
Tables 17-18.
Industrial Production
45-46
Table 19.
Defense Expenditures as a Share of Gross National Product
47
Table 20.
Eastern Europe: Gross and Net Hard Currency Debt to the West
48
Table 21.
Medium- and Long-Term Debt of Selected Less Developed Countries
49
Table 22.
Metal Prices
50
Table 23.
Agricultural Prices
51
Table 24.
OPEC Countries: Crude Oil Official Sales Price
52
Table 25.
Wholesale Price Index in Non-Communist Countries
52
Table 26.
Consumer Price Index
53
Table 27.
Population
54-55
Tables 28-30.
Labor Force
56-58
Table 31.
Industrial Employment
59
Table 32.
Big Seven: Unemployment Rates
60
Table 33.
Big Seven: Personal Savings Rates
60
Table 34.
Foreign Trade Exchange Rates of the Communist Countries
61
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Table H
Estimated Real Gross National Product e
Billi
on 1984 US $
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
World
5,300
6,780
8,770
10,900
12,900
13,100
13,200
13,500
14,000
Developed countries
3,360
4,330
5,470
6,560
7,680
7,830
7,790
7,970
8,320
United States
1,647.2
2,076.4
2,425.5
2,751.9
3,295.8
3,378.9
3,306.8
3,429.1
3,662.8
Australia
67.2
85.3
112.3
135.7
154.5
160.7
160.7
162.4
172.5
Canada
125.4
165.4
208.7
266.0
313.3
323.9
311.7
320.5
334.1
Japan
237.9
383.9
654.9
821.5
1,054.6
1,098.9
1,132.7
1,166.4
1,233.5
Spain
51.8
77.8
105.2
137.5
151.6
152.2
153.6
156.9
160.4
Sweden
47.4
60.9
74.4
84.5
90.3
90.0
90.7
93.0
96.0
Switzerland
49.5
64.0
78.6
81.9
89.0
90.3
89.3
89.9
92.1
European Community
1,030
1,290
1,610
1,840
2,140
2,130
2,130
2,150
2,200
Belgium
34.0
43.4
54.9
65.0
74.8
73.8
74.7
75.0
76.3
France
192.7
255.0
331.2
403.1
473.1
474.1
483.5
488.3
496.8
Italy
146.5
188.7
255.0
287.2
346.9
347.6
345.9
342.0
352.3
Netherlands
56.5
71.5
93.6
109.3
124.6
123.8
121.6
122.3
123.8
United Kingdom
251.6
294.2
332.7
370.1
401.9
397.4
404.7
417.9
426.3
West Germany
291.1
371.1
455.2
505.0
600.5
599.9
595.1
601.1
616.1
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Table 8 (continued)
Estimated Real Gross National Product a
e Data for the non-Communist countries were converted
from national currencies by using the 1984 Par Rate/Mar-
ket Rate factors. Data are from OECD sources.
b The estimate of Soviet GNP presented here is expressed in
"geometric mean dollars," which are derived by applying an
average of the US- and Soviet-weighted purchasing power
parity ratios to an estimate of Soviet GNP in rubles. As a
result, geometric mean dollars are neither dollars nor rubles,
but a mix of the two. They approximate an estimate falling
midway between a comparison of the Soviet Union and the
United States in dollars and one in rubles. The purchasing
power parity ratios used in this estimate are based on
a study in 1976 dollar prices. The US GNP implicit price
deflator rebased to 1984 was used to convert Soviet GNP in
1976 dollars to 1984 dollars.
GNP estimates for Hungary, Poland, and Romania are
based on benchmark figures for 1975 in 1975 dollars in
Kravis, Heston, and Summers, World Product and Income:
International Comparisons of Real Gross Product, Balti-
more: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982. GNP indices
in constant domestic currencies derived from official data
were combined with the 1975 benchmarks to yield time
series in 1975 dollars. The US GNP deflator was then
applied to the series to convert 1975 dollars into 1984
dollars. For Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, and East Germany,
1970 benchmarks were shifted to 1975 in proportion to the
geometric mean of the benchmark shifts for Hungary,
Poland, and Romania. The 1970 benchmarks were taken
from UN Economic Bulletin jor Europe, Vol. 31, No. 2,
1980.
a For Yugoslavia, the 1970 benchmark from UN Economic
Bulletin jor Europe, Vol. 31, No. 2, 1980, was shifted to
1975 in proportion to the geometric mean of the benchmark
shifts for Hungary, Poland, and Romania. Official Yugoslav
growth rates for gross social product were then applied to
this 1975 benchmark.
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Table 9
Gross National Product Price Deflators
United States
75.1
81.3
100.0
137.6
195.1
213.9
226.8
235.5
244.3
Canada
74.4
81.6
100.0
151.2
232.6
257.2
283.0
299.5
308.8
Japan
61.1
79.4
100.0
161.2
200.0
205.4
209.0
210.4
211.9
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Table 10
Gross Domestic Product in Purchasing Power
and Exchange Rate Equivalents, 1984
Purchasing
Power
Equivalents a
(Kravis)
Purchasing
Power
Equivalents b
(Gilbert)
Average
1984
Par Rate/
Market Rate
Average
1983
Exchange
Rate
Average
1973
Exchange
Rate
February
1973
Exchange
Rate
May 1972
Exchange
Rate
April 1971
Exchange
Rate
Gross Domestic P
roduct, 1984 (Bill
ion US $)
OECD
Belgium
113.3
112.5
76.3
86.2
113.1
109.3
98.4
88.2
Denmark
63.6
54.1
52.8
59.8
90.4
87.1
78.3
72.9
France
684.2
642.1
496.8
569.7
975.0
943.8
848.7
781.7
Italy
475.9
402.7
352.3
407.6
1,061.7
1,092.5
1,064.5
990.4
Japan
1,462.9
1,162.4
1,233.5
1,233.6
1,076.3
1,085.1
951.2
813.8
Netherlands
159.6
129.3
123.8
139.2
142.1
136.0
122.4
109.7
United Kingdom
534.6
492.1
426.3
483.9
782.2
794.3
831.2
765.6
West Germany
795.4
634.9
616.1
686.7
656.2
604.6
544.1
479.1
Denmark
80
68
67
76
114
110
99
92
France
81
76
59
67
115
111
100
92
Italy
54
46
40
46
120
124
121
112
a For the jndividual OECD countries, the ratios for convert-
ing GDP in national currencies at 1984 prices into 1984 US
dollars on the basis of purchasing power equivalents are
derived from the 1975 ratios in World Product and Income:
International Comparisons 4f Real GDP, published for the
World Bank by the Johns Hopkins University Press, Balti-
more and London, 1981, using the geometric mean of
foreign and US weighted ratios. These 1975 GDP parities
were moved to 1984 by applying the following factor: the
derived price index for each OECD country for 1976-84
divided by a derived price index for the United States for
1976-84. These price indexes were derived for each
country by dividing the growth of GDP in current prices by
the growth of GDP in constant prices. The ratios thus
obtained were applied to the GDP values, given in the
national currencies in 1984 prices.
b For the individual European OECD countries, the ratios
for converting GDP in national currencies at 1984 prices
into 1984 US dollars on the basis of US purchasing power
equivalents are derived from the 1950 ratios in Milton
Gilbert and Associates, Comparative National Products and
Price Levels, OEEC, Paris, 1958, using the geometric mean
of European and US weighted ratios. These 1950 ratios were
moved to 1984 by applying the following factor: the derived
price index for each European country for 1951-84 divided
by a derived price index for the United States for 1951-84.
The ratios thus obtained were applied to the GDP values,
given in the national currencies in 1984 prices.
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Table 11
Gross National Product, by End Use,
in the US and the USSR, 1984 a
a A generally preferred procedure for making international
economic comparisons is to convert each country's GNP to
the currency of the other. Two comparisons can then be
made, one in rubles and one in dollars. The two comparisons
will yield different answers. This phenomenon is commonly
known as the "index number problem," and it results from
differences in the relative price and quantity structures
found in each country. Goods produced in relatively large
quantities in either country tend to sell at relatively low
prices in that country, and vice versa. Soviet GNP is,
therefore, a larger share of US GNP when comparisons are
made in dollars since dollars place a greater weight than
ruble prices do on investment and defense goods, which
account for larger shares of output in the Soviet Union than
in the United States.
The important point about index numbers is that
valuations in either rubles or dollars are equally correct.
When a single estimate is required, economists by conven-
tion often resort to the geometric mean of the two as a
reasonable point estimate that falls between the ruble and
dollar comparisons.
The geometric mean comparison is presented here,
although the reader is cautioned that it is used for its
presentational convenience and does not, strictly speaking,
represent a more valid result than that presented in either
currency.
The estimate of Soviet GNP in dollars presented here is
not consistent with that given in Table 8, which is expressed
in "geometric mean dollars" for consistency with the other
data in that table. The approach used in this table, however,
is theoretically preferable.
b The above Soviet GNP data in established prices should
not be used in conjunction with Soviet foreign trade data
appearing in Tables 61-63. These latter tables use official
foreign exchange rates to derive dollar values for trade; we
have yet to estimate the value of Soviet foreign trade in
terms of actual purchasing power, which would allow for an
estimate of the share of foreign trade in Soviet national
income.
The magnitudes for the Soviet end-use components were
calculated to measure value of output compared with the
United States but not the cost in resources. The share of total
economic resources devoted to a particular end use (such as
defense) or the share of total output originating in an
individual sector (for example, agriculture or industry) in the
USSR should be measured in internal ruble prices and costs.
The identified end uses of GNP are defined as follows:
(1) Consumption includes personal expenditures for goods
and services for all purposes and noninvestment outlays by
government for goods and services for health and education.
(2) New fixed investment is defined as the sum of expendi-
tures for gross private domestic investment net of inven-
tories; for public construction other than that for military
facilities; and for equipment purchased by the government
except that for defense. Since part of new fixed investment
in the United States is capital repair, one-half of Soviet
expenditures on capital repair is included in Soviet new fixed
investment.
Other uses of GNP include defense, space, research and
development, inventory change, administration, net exports,
and a statistical discrepancy. The total value for these
expenditures cannot be derived for the USSR by subtrac-
tion, however.
Preliminary. US investment has accounted for a steady
share of GNP since 1960; the mean value of its share during
1960-83 (18.5 percent) was used to estimate US investment
in 1984. Consumption, on the other hand, has been rising as
a share of GNP. Its value in 1983 (72.1 percent), was,
therefore, used to estimate its value in 1984.
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Table 12
Real Gross National Product Growth
OECD
5.2
4.6
3.1
3.9
1.2
2.0
- 0.5
2.2
4.5
United States
4.7
3.2
2.6
4.7
- 0.3
2.5
- 2.1
3.7
6.8
Australia
4.9
5.7
3.9
2.9
1.7
4.0
NEGL
1.0
6.3
Canada
5.7
4.8
5.0
3.9
1.0
4.0
-4.3
2.8
2.4
Japan
10.0
11.2
4.6
5.2
4.9
4.2
3.0
3.0
5.8
Spain
8.5
6.2
5.5
2.1
1.5
0.2
1.2
2.0
2.2
Sweden
5.2
4.3
2.6
1.2
1.7
- 0.3
0.8
2.5
3.3
Switzerland
5.2
4.2
0.8
1.0
4.6
1.5
- 1.1
0.7
2.5
European Community
4.7
4.5
2.2
3.3
0.8
-0.5
0.3
0.9
2.2
Belgium
5.0
4.8
3.5
2.7
3.5
- 1.3
1.1
0.4
1.8
France
5.8
5.4
4.0
3.8
1.1
0.2
2.0
1.0
1.8
Italy
5.2
6.2
2.4
3.8
3.9
0.2
- 0.4
- 1.2
3.0
Netherlands
4.8
5.5
3.2
3.1
0.9
- 0.7
- 1.7
0.6
1.2
United Kingdom
3.2
2.5
2.0
2.6
- 2.2
- I.1
1.9
3.3
2.0
West Germany
5.0
4.2
2.1
3.9
1.8
NEGL
- 1.O
1.0
2.5
Less developed countries
6.3
6.7
7.0
5.6
4.9
1.4
0.9
0.4
3.0
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
USSR e
5.0
5.3
3.7
2.9
1.7
1.9
2.6
3.7
2.5
Eastern Europe
3.9
3.8
4.9
2.4
- 0.3
- 1.0
0.9
1.6
3.1
Bulgaria
6.4
5.1
4.7
2.0
- 2.9
2.8
3.0
- 1.6
3.1
Czechoslovakia
2.4
3.4
3.4
2.1
2.3
- 0.5
1.9
1.0
2.3
East Germany
2.9
3.1
3.5
2.4
2.1
2.1
-0.4
1.6
3.0
Hungary
3.9
3.0
3.7
2.3
1.0
- _
0.7
--_
3.7
- 1.2
1.3
Poland
4.5
4.0
6.5
1.5
- 2.4
- 5.4
- 0.9
4.6
3.4
Romania
5.4
4.9
6.7
5.4
- 1.5
0.3
2.6
0.2
4.3
Other
China
xn
xn
5.5
9.0
6.4
4.9
8.3
9.1
12.0
North Korea
9.8
5.5
10.4
5.3
- 0.8
9.8
3.7
0.9
2.7
Yugoslavia
6.9
6.3
6.1
6.5
2.3
1.4
0.7
- 1.3
1.7
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Table 13
Real Gross National Product Per Capita Growth
United States
3.2
2.1
1.5
4.3
- 1.5
1.6
- 2.8
2.4
5.8
Australia
2.8
3.5
2.2
1.8
0.5
2.4
- 1.7
- 0.3
4.9
Canada
3.7
3.1
3.6
2.8
-0.2
2.7
-5.5
1.8
3.2
Japan
8.9
10.0
3.1
4.2
4.1
3.5
2.3
2.3
5.1
Sweden
4.5
3.4
2.2
0.9
1.5
- 0.5
0.8
2.5
3.2
Switzerland
3.1
3.1
0.4
1.2
4.0
0.8
- 1.7
- 0.1
1.9
European Community
3.8
3.8
2.2
_
3.3
0.8
-0.5
0.3
0.9
2.2
Belgium
4.3
4.4
3.2
2.5
3.4
- 1.3
1.1
- 0.4
1.7
xn 5.5 3.3 8.6 5.1 3.5 6.7 8.1 10.8
North Korea 6.6 2.7 7.3 3.7 -3.4 6.2 1.7 -1.6 xECC,
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Table 14
Economic Indicators for Selected Non-OPEC
Less Developed Countries
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Table 15
Economic Indicators for Selected Industrial Countries e
Percent
A
verage Annu
al Rate of Gro
wth
1
961-70
1971-75 1
976-79
1980 1
981
1982 1
983 19
84
Industrial production
United States
5.0
1.8
6.7
- 3.6
2.6
- 8.1
6.4
10.7
Canada
6.2
4.0
4.5
-1.5
0.5
-10.0
5.7
8.7
Japan
13.6
1.5
7.1
4.6
1.0
0.4
3.5
11.1
France
5.8
3.0
4.1
-1.2
-2.6
-1.5
1.1
2.6
Italy
7.0
1.6
5.4
5.6
- 1.6
- 3.1
- 3.2
3.1
United Kingdom
2.8
0.6
3.8
- 6.6
- 3.9
2.1
3.9
1.0
West Germany
5.8
0.9
4.2
0.3
-2.3
-3.2
0.3
2.4
Consumer prices
United States
2.7
6.7
7.8
13.5
10.4
6.1
3.2
4.3
Canada
2.7
7.3
8.4
10.2
12.5
10.8
5.8
4.3
Japan
5.7
11.5
6.2
8.0
4.9
2.6
1.8
2.3
France
4.1
8.8
9.7
13.5
13.3
12.0
9.5
7.7
Italy
3.9
11.3
15.2
21.2
19.3
16.4
14.9
10.6
United Kingdom
4.1
13.0
13.5
18.0
11.9
8.6
4.6
5.0
West Germany
2.6
6.1
3.7
5.5
6.0
5.3
3.6
2.4
Export prices (unit values, US dollar basis)
United States
2.0
12.0
7.0
13.6
9.2
1.5
1.0
1.4
Canada
1.4
10.6
6.1
16.7
8.7
-1.1
-3.4
-0.1
Japan
0.6
20.4
7.6
34.2
3.6
- 7.3
- 5.0
- 2.8
France
0.6
16.0
8.5
19.2
-7.8
-7.2
-7.0
-3.8
Italy
1.1
19.6
9.2
26.4
1.1
-7.3
-7.6
NA
United Kingdom
NA
17.0
11.7
13.9
-6.0
-6.1
-5.2
-4.0
West Germany
1.5
16.1
12.2
15.2
-8.6
-4.7
-5.2
-4.8
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Table 15 (continued)
Economic Indicators for Selected Industrial Countries a
Percent
A
verage Annu
al Rate of Gro
wth
19
61-70
1971-75 1
976-79
1980
1981
1982 1
983 1
984
Productivity in manufacturing (output per hour)
United States
2.8
3.4
2.1
0.1
3.1
2.1
4.2
3.6
Canada
4.3
3.5
3.4
-2.2
2.1
-2.8
6.4
4.0
Japan
10.8
6.8
8.3
9.5
5.5
7.1
5.1
9.6
France
6.7
5.0
5.8
1.6
3.2
6.5
4.3
5.0
Italy
7.1
4.6
4.9
5.8
3.5
2.0
2.4
6.3
United Kingdom
3.7
4.0
2.0
-2.2
6.2
4.5
6.7
4.0
West Germany
5.9
4.8
4.6
0.9
1.8
1.2
4.7
4.7
Unit labor costs in manufacturing (in US dollars)
'
United States
1.8
4.7
6.3
11.5
6.1
6.6
-0.8
0.1
Canada
0.4
7.8
3.5
13.0
10.9
10.2
0.6
-7.1
Japan
3.2
17.0
6.9
-5.2
4.1
-13.1
3.2
-5.7
France
1.2
16.3
8.0
13.2
-13.0
-8.1
-7.1
-9.6
Italy
4.5
15.6
5.6
9.2
-10.7
-0.7
1.6
-10.1
United Kingdom
2.1
13.1
12.8
32.9
-6.6
-10.2
-12.8
-8.4
West Germany
5.1
15.6
11.2
8.3
-15.3
- 3.4
- 5.5
-11.1
Export volume
United States
5.9
7.4
6.6
6.8
- 3.0
-10.2
- 6.5
6.7
Canada
9.8
2.8
8.1
-1.3
2.5
0.4
9.6
21.2
Japan
17.5
9.9
7.7
17.1
10.1
-2.4
8.6
15.4
France
8.5
7.6
7.9
2.1
2.9
-2.9
3.6
1.7
Italy
12.8
6.2
9.6
-7.9
6.6
-0.4
5.2
2.6
United Kingdom
4.8
4.5
6.2
0.9
-0.7
2.2
0.8
8.5
West Germany
9.5
4.6
7.3
1.7
6.6
3.2
-0.3
7.3
Import volume
United States
8.7
2.5
10.2
-6.6
0.9
-5.0
10.3
23.8
Canada
7.9
9.2
5.5
-5.4
3.0
-16.1
15.4
20.4
Japan
14.7
3.9
9.2
-5.0
-2.6
-0.7
1.4
10.9
France
10.9
6.2
9.4
6.3
- 3.4
3.6
- 1.8
- 1.2
Italy
11.0
0.7
9.0
1.9
-8.8
1.3
1.5
4.9
United Kingdom
4.4
3.9
5.7
-5.4
-2.7
3.5
6.8
10.9
West Germany
10.3
3.5
8.0
NEGL
-S.O
1.3
4.0
5.2
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Table 16
Agricultural Production Index
1965
1970
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Developed countries
92
100
113
124
123
127
129
120
131
-
United States
- --
98
100
113
132
123
140
-
136
-
111
-
130
Canada
107
100
116
123
131
145
158
151
143
European Community
_
_
France
95
100
108
128
127
123
135
128
133
Italy
89
100
108
113
121
--
119
-
114
- --
127
_ -
124
United Kingdom
92
100
105
117
124
125
127
127
136
West Germany
85
100
102
110
112
111
121
117
122
Less developed countries
85
100
115
128
131
138
138
143
146
Africa
88
100
108
115
119
121
123
121
125
Far East
81
100
116
_
127
131
140
_
139
I50
152
Latin America
88
100
114
133
135
142
142
142
147
Middle East
85
100
122
131
134
139
143
144
147
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
USSR
83
100
98
107
104
104
110
117
116
Eastern Europes
91
100
119
129
127
124
128
127
134
Bulgaria
91
100
110
121
117
123
130
122
130
Czechoslovakia
83
100
114
122
125
124
126
133
138
East Germany
94
100
118
124
126
128
121
125
137
Hungary
91
100
125
137
145
141
154
152
155
Poland
92
100
118
124
114
105
111
105
110
Romania
92
100
133
161
156
149
158
158
172
Other
Chinab
82
100
121
150
156
166
184
202
231
North Korea ~
90
100
154
180
131
180
191
183
189
Yugoslavia
87
100
117
132
134
136
145
143
145
a Estimates based on the value of crop production plus the b Index of gross value of agricultural output.
value of livestock products, with allowance for changes in =Based on official grain claims.
livestock numbers, but minus feed (including grain imported
for feed), seed, and waste.
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Table 17
Index of Industrial Production for Communist Countries
Official
Adjusted
Czechoslovakia
Official
Adjusted
Poland
Of&cial
Adjusted
Romania
Official
Adjusted
Other
e Preliminary.
b The official indexes purportedly measure changes in the
gross value of industrial production. In general, the gross
value of production equals the sum of the value of output of
all industrial enterprises. As a result, since both intermedi-
ate and final goods are included in the value of output of
each enterprise, industrial products are double-counted. For
example, steel used in producing automobiles is counted in
the value of both steel output and automobile output. In
addition to overstatement in the official indicator from this
source, disguised inflation also enters the index through
new-product pricing, where minor product improvements
result in anew-product price that is substantially higher
than can be justified by either improved quality or increased
production costs. Because output of these "new" products
grows from a small base, their rates of growth will proceed
at a higher rate than those of "old" products.
Adjusted indexes of industrial production-parallel to
those used by the Federal Reserve Board for measuring US
industrial output-are constructed in order to circumvent
most of these distortions, that is, price-weighted samples of
products form output indexes for various industrial compo-
nents and these component indexes are combined into an
aggregate index for industry by use of 1970 value-added
weights.
An official index is not published.
n An adjusted index is not available.
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Table 18
Index of Industrial Production for Selected Countries a
e Indexes for the non-Communist countries are value-added
weighted indexes of intermediate and final products of
industry. Industry includes manufacturing, mining, and, in
most countries, public utilities. The indexes for the Commu-
nist countries are estimates of CIA (see Table 17 for detailed
explanation)--constructed as nearly as possible on the same
basis as the indexes for Western countries~r other calcula-
tions accepted by CIA. The indexes for the Communist
countries include manufacturing, mining, and public
utilities.
e Preliminary.
Index of gross values of output for individual commodities
and branches are aggregated by 1970 value-added weights.
The three sectors covered-materials, machinery, and non-
durable consumer goods~onstitute 50 percent, 32 percent,
and 18 percent, respectively, of the value-added weights for
industrial production. This index is as comparable as data
will permit with the index of US industrial production of the
US Federal Reserve Board.
123
108
117
171
148
147
135
138
209
348
225
d CIA estimates for 1960-75 were computed by applying
value-added weights to data for commodity production. The
data are fragmentary and uncertain; therefore, the index
should be regarded as providing only a tentative indication
of the general level and trend in production. The index for
1980-84 follows the trend for reported gross value of
industrial output.
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Table 19
Defense Expenditures as a Share of Gross National Product
1965
1970
1975
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
OECDe
Australia
4.4
3.3
2.2
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.8
Austria
1.2
1.1
1.1
I.1
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
Belgium
3.1
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.4
3.3
Canada
3.0
2.4
1.9
2.0
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.2
2.2
Denmark
2.8
2.3
2.5
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.5
Finland
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.7
1.5
1.8
1.5
France
5.2
4.2
3.8
3.9
4.0
3.9
4.0
4.2
4.2
4.2
Greece
3.5
4.7
6.6
6.8
6.5
6.1
5.5
6.8
6.9
6.2
Ireland
1.4
1.1
1.8
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
2.0
1.8
Italy
3.3
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
Japan
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
Luxembourg
1.4
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
Netherlands
4.0
3.4
3.2
3.3
3.1
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.2
New Zealand
2.1
2.0
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.9
2.1
2.1
2.2
Norway
3.8
3.5
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.2
Portugal
6.0
6.5
5.2
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.5
Spain
2.7
3.1
2.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.1
Sweden
3.9
3.6
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3
Switzerland
2.6
2.1
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.0
1.9
2.0
1.9
Turkey
5.0
4.2
5.6
5.7
5.1
4.2
4.2
4.8
5.2
4.9
United Kingdom
5.9
4.7
4.9
4.8
4.6
4.7
5.1
4.9
5.1
5.4
United States
7.1
7.4
5.4
4.8
4.6
4.6
5.0
5.2
5.8
6.1
West Germany
4.3
3.3
3.6
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.4
Less developed countries
NA
5.8
6.2
5.7
5.7
5.4
5.2
5.4
5.7
5.8
OPEC
NA
5.6
8.6
7.9
8.9
7.2
7.5
8.7
9.5
9.5
Iran
NA
7.8
14.7
11.3
15.8
6.1
7.3
10.6
8.2
5.0
Nigeria
xA
5.9
5.4
3.9
3.5
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.3
2.5
Saudi Arabia
NA
11.9
17.4
15.3
15.9
18.1
14.4
13.1
15.7
24.3
a Except for the United States, data are from the United prices. Military expenditures are for current and capital mixed activities as atomic energy, space, and research and
States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, World expenditures to meet the needs of the armed forces, includ- development; military assistance to foreign countries; and
Mi/itary Expenditures and Arms Trans/ers, based on the ing expenditures of national defense agencies for military expenditures on paramilitary forces where they contribute
ratio of military expenditures to GNP at current market programs; expenditures for the military components of such substantially to a country's military capabilities.
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Table 20
Eastern Europe: Gross and Net Hard Currency Debt to the West
Gross
6,072
15,352
23,233
47,490
58,190
66,060
66,810
62,080
62,600
62,195
Net
4,927
12,732
18,857
42,856
51,742
58,480
59,490
55,550
53,850
50,905
Bulgaria
Gross
743
1,703
2,640
4,263
4,032
3,550
3,050
2,750
2,390
2,245
Net
723
1,360
2,257
3,710
3,292
_
2,760
2,225
_
1,750
1,320
8
45
Czechoslovakia
.
__
Gross
485
1,048
1,132
3,206
4,099
4,920
4,500
4,050
3,950
3,500
Net
160
640
827
_
2,513
3,050
3,670
3,400
3,300
3,010
2,500
East Germany
Gross
1,408
3,136
5,388
9,666
12,300
14,100
14,900
13,000
12,840
12,190
Net
1,205
2,592
3,748
8,320
10,340
11,600
12,300
10,700
9,450
7,630
Hungary
Gross
1,071
2,129
3,135
7,290
8,140
9,090
8,700
7,700
8,260
8,260
Net
848
1,537
2,195
6,349
6,910
7,000
7,050
6,600
6,690
6,150
Poland
Gross
1,138
4,643
8,014
17,844
22,669
25,000
25,500
24,800
26,400
28,100
Net
764
4,120
7,381
16,972
21,500
24,350
24,700
23,800
25,130
26,530
Romania
Gross
1,227
2,693
2,924
5,221
6,950
9,400
10,160
9,780
8,760
7,900
Net
1,227
2,483
2,449
4,992
6,650
9,100
9,815
9,400
8,250
7,250
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Table 21
Medium- and Long-Term Debt of Selected Less Developed Countries
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Table 22
Metal Prices
Aluminum a (US cents per pound)
27.23
24.50
28.72
39.79
71.64
77.30
76.00
77.70
81A0
Copper n (US cents per pound)
30.74
58.51
64.17
55.85
98.68
79.01
67.10
72.00
62.40
Lead ~ (US cents per pound)
9.02
14.39
13.78
18.66
41.10
32.90
24.70
19.20
20.00
Nickel n (US cents per pound)
74.00
78.70
129.00
205.83
347.25
346.60
320.00
320.00
320.00
Tine (US cents per pound)
99.60
179.40
166.70
310.20
761.30
641.40
581.60
590.90
556.60
Zinc a (US cents per pound)
11.09
14.11
13.40
33.68
34.40
38.40
33.70
34.70
41.50
Silver r (US $ per troy ounce)
0.91
1.29
1.77
4.42
20.70
10.53
7.90
11.40
8.10
Gold e (US $ per troy ounce)
35.28
35.13
35.98
160.47
612.10
460.00
375.50
424.40
360.00
Platinum s (US $ per troy ounce)
83.21
98.04
132.50
164.50
__
439.50
_
475.00
475.00
475.00
475.00
Iron ore n (US $ per metric ton)
17.00
16.00
15.00
23.00
27.00
25.00
26.00
24.00
24.00
Manganese ore (US $ per long ton)
45.00
39.00
28.00
70.60
78.50
82.10
79.90
---
73.30
--
69.80
Steel scrap ~ (US $ per long ton)
33.20
34.27
-
44.95
71.86
91.20
92.00
63.10
_
73.20
86.40
Chrome orei (US $ per metric ton)
18.93
19.31
23.12
39.78
-
55.00
-
53.00
50.90
50.00
50.00
Finished steel composite k (US $ per long ton)
139.00
142.60
171.30
293.40
486.20
543.50
567.30
590.20
556.60
a Virgin unalloyed ingot at New York.
e London Metal Exchange.
~ Number 1, heavy melting average.
b London Metal Exchange electrolytic wirebars.
London Metal Exchange refined pig lead, minimum 99.97
percent.
d US major producer of cathodes, spot, f.o.b. refinery.
f US price (New York).
s Major producers, New York.
n Brazil (North Sea ports).
i South African ports.
k Weighted index of steel shapes.
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Table 23
Agricultural Prices
US
$ per metric ton
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Beef a
NA
882
1,304
1,327
2,760
2,472
2,390
2,440
2,229
Cocoa b
NA
355
655
1,239
2,502
1,980
1,640
2,031
2,341 _
Coffee
915
1,005
1,147
1,442
3,399
2,824
3,080
2,903
3,178
Corns
57
64
66
130
150
150
123
148
150
Cotton e
NA
NA
NA
1,016
1,801
1,674
1,386
1,606
1,654
Palm oilr
228
273
260
429
583
571
445
502
730
Ricea
NA
NA
188
417
598
632
481
514
514
Rubber, natural n
842
567
465
659
1,620
1,257
998
1,239
1,093
Soybeans
92
117
117
220
296
288
244
282
283
Soybean meali
78
94
103
155
257
252
219
238
197
Soybean oilk
224
270
291
563
598 _
507
447
527
727
Sugar'
NA
47
83
452
640
373
186
187
114
Team
1,422
1,280
1,092
1,375
2,235
2,007
1,982
2,320
3,452
Wheat
NA
NA
64
156
209
210
187
183
182
a Boneless Australian, f.o.b., New York. e World Cotton Prices, "B" index, c.i.f., Europe. i US, c.i.f., Rotterdam.
b New York cocoa bean futures prices. Average of nearest r Malaysian, Europe. k Netherlands, f.o.b., ex-mill.
three active futures trading months. s US No. 2, milled, 4%, c.i.f., Rotterdam. ~ World Raw Cane, f.o.b., Caribbean Ports, spot prices.
Other milds, New York. n Smoked sheets, New York. m London, average price all teas.
a US No. 3 yellow, c.i.f., Rotterdam. ~ US No. 2, yellow, c.i.f., Rotterdam. ^ US No. 2, DNS, c.i.f., Rotterdam.
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Table 24
OPEC Countries: Crude Oil Official Sales Price a
OPEC ~
3.39
11.28
11.02
18.67
30.87
34.50
33.63
29.31
28.70
Algeria (42? API, 0.10% sulfur)
4.79
13.33
12.06
19.65
37.59
39.58
35.79
31.30
30.50
Ecuador (28? API, 0.93% sulfur)
3.67
10.58
11.05
22.41
34.42
34.50
32.96
27.59
27.50
Gabon (29? API, 1.26% sulfur)
3.32
9.56
10.47
18.20
31.09
34.83
34.00
29.82
29.00
Indonesia (35? API, 0.09% sulfur)
4.00
11.93
12.65
18.35
30.55
35.00
34.92
29.95
29.53
Iran (34? API, 1.35% sulfur)
3.24
11.10
10.91
19.45
34.54
36.60
31.05
28.61
28.00
Iraq (35 ? API, 1.95% sulfur)
3.03
10.77
10.74
18.56
30.30
36.66
34.86
30.32
29.43
Kuwait (31 ? API, 2.50% sulfur)
2.93
10.79
10.60
18.48
29.84
35.08
32.30
27.68
27.30
Libya (40? API, 0.2290 sulfur)
4.82
13.90
11.71
21.16
36.07
40.08
35.69
30.91
30.40
Nigeria (34? API, 0.16% sulfur)
4.50
13.00
11.90
20.86
35.50
38.48
35.64
30.22
29.12
Qatar (40? API, 1.17% sulfur)
3.29
11.61
11.34
19.72
31.76
37.12
34.56
29.95
29.49
Saudi Arabia, Arab light (34? API, 1.70% sulfur)
3.06
10.89
10.72
17.26
_
28.67
32.50
34.00
29.46
29.00
United Arab Emirates (39? API, 0.75% sulfur)
3.30
11.57
11.13
19.81
_
31.57
36.42
34.74
30.38
29.56
Venezuela (26? API, 1.52% sulfur)
2.91
9.54
10.63
17.22
28.44
32.88
32.88
28.69
27.88
e F.o.b. prices set by the government for direct sales and, in b Posted prices.
most cases, for the producing company buy-back oil. ~ Weighted by the volume of production.
Table 25
Wholesale Price Index in Non-Communist Countries
Belgium a
82
90
100
137
165
176
188
194
201
Franceb
77
85
100
149
217
246
268
298
__
337
Italy
77
88
100
192
408
482
554
622
682
Netherlands ~
81
90
100
137
174
190
202
207
216
United Kingdom ~
74
84
100
189
376
416
448
473
501
West Germany a ~
88
94
100
137
166
176
184
187
192
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Table 26
Consumer Price Index
Netherlands 66
79
100
151
202
216
229
235
243
United Kingdom 67
80
100
184
360
403
438
458
481
West Germany 77
93
100
135
165
174
184
190
195
Communist countries
USSR a 90
96
100
110
120
124
128
129
130
Eastern Europe b
Bulgaria ~ 73
86
100
116
161
168
168
175
178
Czechoslovakia 73
81
100
111
126
128
131
133
135
East Germany 89
94
100
102
112
114
117
118
118
Hungary 81
87
100
122
167
176
188
204
219
Poland 78
87
100
130
202
261
476
579
686
Romania NA
NA
100
116
131
139
146
154
171
Other
Chinas 93
101
100
101
115
118
120
122
125
Yugoslavia 32
61
100
241
561
789
1,039
1,464
2,246
e Implicit price index obtained from a comparison of indexes
of goods sold in the retail trade network in constant and in
current prices. The current price index is based on the values
of total retail and collective farm market sales in current
prices regularly published in Soviet statistical abstracts. The
index in constant prices is derived from the goods compo-
nents of the CIA index of total consumption. A more
complete explanation of the methodology and a discussion of
the relative merits of an "official" or "alternative" price
index are contained in "Soviet Economy in a New Perspecti-
ve," US Congress, Joint Economic Committee, 14 October
1976, p. 631.
b Calculated differently from that for the USSR; the official
index of personal consumption in current prices was deflated
by a calculated index of personal consumption in constant
prices. An explanation of the methodology used to calculate
personal consumption is presented in T. P. Alton, "Index of
Personal Consumption in Poland, 1937 and 1946-1967,"
Occasional Papers ojthe Research Projection National
Income in East Central Europe (NY: L. W. International
Financial Research, Inc., 1973).
Price indexes are calculated from official figures for total
consumption of the population, including estimates of health
and education expenses.
n Cost-of-living index for workers and staff members. Chi-
nese official statistics.
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Table 27
Population
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Table 27 (Continued)
Population
Million person
s at midyear
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Less developed countries (continued)
~
Iran
21.6
25.0
28.9
33.4
38.8
40.0
41.2
42.5
43.8
Mexico
38.6
45.1
52.8
61.5
70.1
71.9
73.8
75.7
77.7
Nigeria
51.1
58.1
66.7
76.7
89.3
92.1
94.9
96.7
98.8
Pakistan
50.4
57.5
65.7
_
74.7
_
85.2
88.4
91.5
94.1
_
96.6
Philippines
28.6
33.3
38.7
44.4
50.5
51.7
53.0
54.3
55.5
South Korea
25.1
29.1
33.0
36.7
39.6
40.1
40.7
41.4
42.0
Thailand
27.5
32.1
37.1
42.1
46.9
47.8
48.7
49.7
50.6
Communist countries
1,039.5
1,134.4
1,264.8
1,386.6
1,475.4
1,491.6
1,510.0
1,527.1
1,542.5
USSR and Eastern Europe
311.0
330.7
345.8
360.5
374.9
377.6
380.4
383.4
386.4
USSR
214.3
230.9
242.8
254.5
265.5
267.?
270.0
272.5
275.0
Eastern Europe
96.7
99.8
103.0
106.0
109.4
109.9
110.4
110.9
111.4
Bulgaria
7.9
8.2
8.5
8.7
8.9
8.9
8.9
8.9
9.0
Czechoslovakia
13.7
14.1
14.3
14.8
15.3
15.3
15.4
15.4
15.5
East Germany
17.1
17.0
17.1
16.8
16.7
16.7
16.7
16.7
16.7
Hungary
10.0
10.2
10.3
10.5
10.7
10.7
10.7
10.7
10.7
Poland
29.6
31.3
32.5
34.0
35.6
35.9
36.2
36.6
36.9
Romania
18.4
19.0
20.3
21.2
22.2
22.4
22.5
22.6
22.6
Other
Albania
1.6
1.9
2.1
2.4
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.9
Cambodia
5.4
6.1
7.1
6.7
5.7
5.8
5.9
6.0
6.1
China
650.7
715.5
820.4
917.9
983.4
994.9
1,008.2
1,020.0
1,030.0
Cuba
7.0
7.8
8.5
9.3
9.7
9.7
9.8
9.9
10.0
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Table 28
Labor Force a
e Unless otherwise indicated, data include the armed forces
and the unemployed.
n Annual averages of monthly data.
Data are from Estimates and Projections oj'the Labor
Force and Civilian Employment in the USSR, by Stephen
Rapawy, Foreign Economic Report No. 10, US Department
of Commerce, September 1976, p. 19.
a Excluding the armed forces.
e Data are as of the end of the year.
t Data are for 1971.
s Excluding the armed forces and prior to 1980 South
Vietnam.
n Excluding those employed abroad and the armed forces.
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Table 29
Agricultural Labor Force
USSR and Easiern Europe
61.8
54.8
51.3
47.4
44.3
43.8
43.2
42.7
NA
USSR e
45.44
40.04
37.50
34.85
32.19
31.66
31.13
30.60
30.07
Eastern Europe
16.4
14.8
13.8
12.5
12.1
12.1
12.1
12.1
NA
Bulgaria
0.15
0.20
0.27
0.79
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.92
0.90
Czechoslovakia
1.47
1.26
1.18
1.03
0.98
0.98
0.97
0.96
xA
East Germany
1.34
1.23
1.02
0.92
0.91
0.92
0.92
0.93
NA
Hungary
1.83
1.33
1.25
1.08
1.04
1.03
1.05
1.08
1.07
Poland
5.37
5.30
5.22
4.88
5.16
5.22
5.19
5.16
NA
Romania
6.23
5.48
4.85
3.84
3.05
3.00
2.99
3.02
NA
a Data are from Estimates and Projections of the Labor n Yearend data.
Force and Civilian Employment in the USSR, by Stephen ~ Data are for 1971.
Rapawy, Foreign Economic Report No. 10, US Department d Including South Vietnam beginning in 1980.
of Commerce, September 1976, p. 19.
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Table 30
Nonagricultural Labor Force a
a Unless otherwise indicated, data include the armed forces. e State sector only.
n Data are from Estimates and Projections of the Labor a Data are for 1971.
Force and Civilian Employment in the USSR, by Stephen s Excluding the armed forces and prior to 1980, South
Rapawy, Foreign Economic Report No. 10, US Department Vietnam.
of Commerce, September 1976, p. 19. n Excluding those employed abroad and the armed forces.
Excluding the armed forces.
a Yearend data are workers and staff plus individual workers
in cities and towns.
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Table 31
Industrial Employment a
USSR and Eastern Europe
34.8
41.2
47.2
51.6
55.2
55.6
55.8
56.1
NA
USSR
22.62
27.45
31.59
34.05
36.89
37.24
37.61
37.83
37.98
Eastern Europe
12.2
13.8
15.6
17.5
18.3
18.4
18.2
18.2
NA
Bulgaria
0.77
0.95
1.16
1.30
1.37
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
Czechoslovakia
2.26
2.48
2.67
2.83
2.95
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.99
East Germany
3.18
3.19
3.26
3.30
3.39
3.42
3.44
3.46
NA
Hungary
1.35
1.59
1.79
1.81
1.70
1.65
1.62
1.58
1.55
Poland
3.16
3.73
4.45
5.15
5.25
5.24
4.99
4.97
4.94
Romania
1.44
1.86
2.28
3.11
3.68
3.75
3.81
3.84
NA
Other
China n
29.79
18.28
28.09
42.84
56.00
57.96
59.30
60.23
NA
Cuba ~
NA
NA
0.57 a
0.68
0.85
0.87
0.89
NA
NA
Vietnam e
0.75
0.95
1.10
1.25
2.15
2.25
2.25
2.25
2.35
Yugoslavia
1.07
1.38
1.44
1.82
2.16
2.24
2.31
2.37
NA
a Including employment in manufacturing, mining, and ~ State sector only.
construction. a Data are for 1971.
n Yearend data. a Including South Vietnam beginning in 1980.
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Table 32
Big Seven: Unemployment Rates a
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
United States
S.S
4.5
4.9
8.5
7.I
~.6
4.7
9.6
7.S
Canada
7.0
3.9
S.7
6.9
7.5
7.S
11.1
11.8 _
11.3
France
1.8
1.6
2.6
4.3
6.2
7.6
8.6
8.5
9.6
Italy b
3.8
3.S
3.1
3.2
3.8
4.2
46 _
S.0 _
S.2
Japan
1.7
1.2
1.2
1.9
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.7 _
2.7
United Kingdom ~
2.2
2.2
3.1
4.1
6.S
10.0
11.6
12.4
12.6 _
West Germany
1.1
O.S
0.6
4.1
4.0
S.6
7.7
9.2
9.1
e Unemployment as a share of total civilian labor force.
b Data adjusted to US concepts.
Excluding Northern Ireland.
Table 33
Big Seven: Personal Savings Rates a
Percent
1960
1970
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
United States
S.6
8.0
8.6
S.9
6.0
6.7
6.2
S.0
6.1
Canada
3.3
S.3
10.9
11.3
12.3
14.2
15.2
13.3
12.5
Japan
17.4
18.2
22.1
18.7
19.2
19.7
17.6
17.3
17.0
France
9.8
16.7
18.6
16.2
14.9
1 S.8
1 S.7
14.9
NA
Italy
NA
21.6
23.2
25.3
22.0
24.0
24.0
NA
NA
United Kingdom
7.2
9.3
12.7
14.1
15.2
13.5
12.9
10.9
10.7
West Germany
8.5
14.6
16.4
13.9
14.2
14.9
14.2
12.7
12.5
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Table 34
Foreign Trade Exchange Rates of the Communist Countries a
Unit of Currency
1971
1973
197$
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
USSR
Ruble
0.900
0.739
0.720
0.737
0.681
0.6$$
0.649
0.719
0.726
0.743
0 816
Eastern Europe
Bulgaria
Lev
1.17
0.97
0.97
0.9$
0.89
0.86
0.86
0.9$
0.9$
0.97
0.97
Czechoslovakia
Koruna
7.20
$.84
$.$8
$.64
$.42
_
$.31
$.38
$.SO
6.09
6 37
6 6$
East Germany n
Deutsche mark east
4.20
3.48
3.48
3.48
3.48
3.48
3.30
3.32
3.46
3.$4
3.7$
Hungary ~
Forint
11.74
9.$0
8.$7
40.96
38.01
3$.$8
32.43
34.33
36.63
42.66
48 04
Poland
Zloty
4.00
3.32
3.32
3.32
3.17
3.09
3.0$
3.36
84.82
91.62
112.00
Romania
Leu
6.00
4.97
4.97
4.97
4.$6
4.47
4.47
1$.00
1$.00
1$.00
16 00
Other
Albania
Lek
$.00
4.14
4.14
4.14
4.14
4.14
4.14
4.14
4.14
4.14
4.14
China
Yuan
2.39
2.01
1.96
1.94
1.8$
1.68
1.$$
1.49
1.70
1.98
2.32
Cuba
Peso
1.00
0.84
0.83
0.82
0.79
0.7$
0.72
0.71
0.78
0 86
0 88
Kampuchea
Riel
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
4.00
4.00
NA
Laos
Kip
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
30.00
30.00
3$.00
3$.00
NA
Mongolia
Tugrik
NA
3.31
NA
3.30
3.11
3.11
NA
NA
3.23
NA
NA
North Korea a
Won
2.36
2.06
2.02
2.02
1.86
1.79
1.77
1.8$
2.00
NA
NA
Vietnam
Dong
NA
NA
NA
2.30
2.$4
2.17
2.80
9.00
9.00
11 00
100 00
Yugoslavia
Dinar _
14.96
16.19
17.39
18.30
18.64
19.00
24.91
3$.$1
$0.27
92.84
166.10
e Average exchange rate for the year. Some countries also b The unofficial rates actually used in East German account- its foreign trade in domestic forints rather than diviza
have special exchange rates for noncommercial transactions, ing of foreign trade transactions. The official rate is 2.0$ forints.
such as diplomatic, tourist, and student expenditures and for deutsche marks to the dollar. a End of year rate. Noncommercial rate through 1977; 1978
personal remittances. ~ Since January 1976, Hungary has expressed the value of is a "special" rate for March 1978 as reported. Data for
1981-82 are estimated.
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Soviet Economic Performance
PG
Table 35.
Percent Distribution of GNP, by End Use
64
Table 36.
_
Growth of GNP, by End Use
64
Table 37.
_
GNP by Sector of Origin
65
Table 38.
Growth of GNP, by Sector of Origin
65
Table 39. _
Gross Fixed Capital Investment
66
Table 40.
_ _ _
Stock of Fixed Capital
67
Table 41.
_
Aggregate Factor Productivity
68
Table 42.
Industrial Factor Productivity
68
Table 43.
Industrial Production, by Branch of Industry
69
Table 44.
_
Hard Currency Trade, by Commodity
70
Table 45.
Hard Currency Trade With Non-Communist Countries
71
Table 46.
_
Hard Currency Balance of Payments
72
Table 47.
Hard Currency Debt to the West
73
Table 48. _
Gold Production and Reserves
73
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Table 35
USSR: Percent Distribution of Gross National
Product at Factor Costa by End Use
Total
Consumption
Investment
New fixed a
Defense, administration, R&D, inventory change, net
exports, and outlays n.e.c.
>loo
loo
loo
loo
loo
loo
loo
loo
loo
58
54
54
54
54
54
53
53
53
24
27
28
31
33
33
34
34
34
20
22
23
25
25
26
26
26
26
18
19
18
16
13
13
13
13
13
a Because of the well-known difficulties in using Soviet cost basis by subtracting turnover taxes and profits and ~ Including consumption of food, soft goods, durables, per-
established prices as a measure of resource burden, the adding subsidies and implicit capital charges. These revised sonal services, and personal and government outlays for
shares of GNP in this table are based on GNP at factor cost. weights are then moved over time by indexes of the various education and health.
In calculating GNP at factor cost, 1970 end-use weights end uses in constant prices. d Including machinery and equipment, construction and
have been revised from an established price basis to a factor n Preliminary. other capital outlays, and net additions to livestock.
Table 36
USSR: Growth of Gross National Product
at Factor Cost, by End Use a
1961-65
Total
5.0
Consumption ?
3.7
Investment
7.5
New fixed n
7.2
1966-70 1971-75 1976-80
5.3 3.7 2.6
5.3 3.6 2.7
6.0 5.4 4.0
6.4 4.8 3.2
Defense, administration, R&.D, inventory 5.8 4.2 1.3 -0.6
change, net exports, and outlays n.e.c.
1.980
1981
1982
1983
1984b
1.7
1.9
2.6
3.7
2.5
2.9
2.2
1.0
2.5
3.0
3.2
4.0
3.4
4.4
1.7
1.9
3.2
3.1
4.6
1.2
- 6.2
- 4.6
7.3
6.5
2.1
a Because of the well-known difficulties in using Soviet cost basis by subtracting turnover taxes and profits and ~ Including consumption of food, soft goods, durables, per-
established prices as a measure of resource burden, the adding subsidies and implicit capital charges. These revised sonal services, and personal and government outlays for
shares of GNP in this table are based on GNP at factor cost. weights are then moved over time by indexes of the various education and health.
In calculating GNP at factor cost, 1970 end-use weights end uses in constant prices. a Including machinery and equipment, construction and
have been revised from an established price basis to a factor b Preliminary. other capital outlays, and net additions to livestock.
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Table 37
USSR: Share of Gross National Product,e by Sector of Origin
1965 1970 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 19846
GNP 100 100 100 100 _ 100
Agriculture 23 21 16 14 14
Industry 30 32 35 37 37
Construction 7 7 g g g
Transportation 8 9 10 10 11
Communications 1 1 1 1 1
Trade 7 7 8 g g
Services 22 20 20 20 20
Other ~ 2 2 2 2 2
e Calculated at factor costs. ~ Including salaries for military personnel.
6 Preliminary.
Table 38
USSR: Growth of Gross National Product,e by Sector of Origin
1966-70 1971-75 1976-SO 1980
5.3 3.7 2.6 1.7
3.9 - 0.4 1.2 - 3.4
6.4 5.9 3.2 3.0
5.8 5.6 1.9 2.1
6.7 6.5 3.5 4.1
8.9 7.3 5.8 5.6
7.0 4.6 3.0 2.8
4.3 3.4 2.7 3.1
100
100
100
14
15
14
37
37
37
8
8
8
10
10
10
1
1
1
8
8
8
20
20
20
2
2
2
Percent
1981
1982
1983
19846
1.9
2.6
3.7
2.5
- 0.3
6.2
6.5
- 1.4
2.3
2.4
3.8
3.8
2.2
0.8
3.2
2.7
3.8
0.9
2.6
0.7
5.0
3.2
4.1
4.9
2.4
1.1
3.3
3.0
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.1
a Calculated at factor cost. ~ Excluding infra-agricultural use of farm products but does
6 Preliminary. not make an adjustment for purchases by agriculture from
other sectors.
a Including salaries for military personnel.
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Table 39
USSR: Gross Fixed Capital Investment,
by Function and by Sector a
a The construction portion of gross fixed investment is
reported in standard project costs ("estimate prices" in
Soviet terminology) of 1 January 1976. Investment in ma-
chinery and equipment is in wholesale prices of 1 January
1973.
e Other capital outlays are for surveys, designs, technical
documentation, and the like.
Investment data for 1980-83 in the industrial sector in-
cludes expenditures of collective farms on the construction
of industrial enterprises. Such expenditures were previously
excluded so that the data are not strictly comparable with
earlier years. However, the differential in most cases is quite
small.
a Computed as a residual; includes investment in nonferrous
metallurgy, timber, paper, woodworking, and miscellaneous
other branches of industry.
e Computed as a residual. It includes investment in such
activities as trade, material and technical supplies, services
and procurements; science, education, culture, and art;
health, social insurance, physical culture, tourism, commer-
cial economy, and personal services.
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Table 40
USSR: Stock of Fixed Capital, by Sector a
Total capital stock n
398
601
860
1,256
1,742
1,851
2,108
2,092
2,220
Industry
100
168
255
385
554
593
634
678
NA
Ferrous metallurgy
10
17
26
38
51
53
57
60
NA
Chemicals and petrochemicals
5
13
23
36
56
60
65
69
NA
Fuels and power
32
51
78
112
157
167
178
192
NA
Machine building and metalworking
18
32
51
82
129
139
149
160
NA
Construction materials
6
9
14
22
30
32
34
35
NA
Consumer goods
14
22
32
47
62
66
70
73
NA
Timber, woodworking, and paper
6
9
13
I8
25
27
28
30
NA
Other
9
15
18
30
44
49
53
59
NA
Construction industry
7
12
22
35
55
60
66
71
NA
Trade, public dining, material, technical supply
11
20
31
47
66
70
73
78
NA
Agriculture b
54
77
106
167
238
254
272
290
NA
Transport and communications
54
83
117
171
237
252
268
286
NA
Housing
120
159
204
267
338
354
511
389
NA
Services
52
82
125
184
254
268
284
300
NA
a The fixed capital series presented here is expressed in b Including the value of basic herds.
prices of 1973 with the value of stocks estimated as of 31
December of the respective year.
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Table 41
USSR: Aggregate Factor Productivity
Average an
nual rate of Sr
owth in percent
1961-65 a
1966-70 a
1971-75 a
1976-80 a
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984 n
Gross national product ~
5.0
5.3
3.7
2.6
1.7
-
1.9
- -
2.6
--
3.7
2.5
Factor productivity
0.5
-
1.1
-0.5
-0.8
-
-1.5
-- -
-1.1
- -
-0.5
0.6
-0.4
-
Manhours
3.4
3.2
2.0
1.5
0.6
1.1
1.7
2.8
1.9
Capital
-3.5
-2.0
-4.0
-4.0
-4.6
-4.2
-3.5
-2.5
-3.5
Land
4.4
5.6
2.9
2.7
2.1 _
3.2
2.2
3.3
2.5
Combined inputs a
4.5
4.1
4.2
3.5 _
3.2 _
3.0
3.1
3.0
2.8
Manhours
1.6
2.0
1.7
1.1
1.0
08 _
0.9
0.8
0.6
Capital
_
8.8
7.4
8.0
6.9
6.5
6.4
6.3
6.3
6.2
Land
0.6
-0.3
0.8
-0.1
-0.5
-1.3
0.4
0.3
xecL
a For computing average annual rates of growth, the base a Inputs of manhours, capital, and land are combined using capital costs (depreciation and a calculated capital charge),
year is the year prior to the stated period. weights of 55.8 percent, 41.2 percent, 3.0 percent, respec- and land rent in 1970, the base year for all indexes
b Preliminary. tively, in aCobb-Douglas (linear homogeneous) production underlying the growth rate calculations.
Based on indexes of GNP (1970 rubles), by sector of origin, function. These weights represent the distribution of labor
at factor cost. costs (wages, social insurance deductions and other income),
Table 42
USSR: Industrial Factor Productivity
7.3
6.0
5.2
4.6 _
4.0
4.3
3.9 _
3.9
3.8
2.9
3.1
I.5
1.3
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.5
11.4
8.8
8.7
7.7
7.1
7.8
7.0
6.9
6.9
a For computing the average annual rates of growth, the function. These weights represent the distribution of labor
base year is the year prior to the stated period. costs (wages, social insurance deductions and other income)
n Preliminary. and capital costs (depreciation and a calculated capital
Inputs of manhours and capital are combined using charge) in 1970, the base year for all indexes underlying the
weights of 47.8 percent and 52.2 percent, respectively, in a growth rate calculations.
Cobb-Douglas (linear homogeneous) production
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Table 43
USSR: Industrial Production,
by Branch of Industry a
Ave
rage annua
l rate of gro
wth in percent
1
961-65 b 1
966-70 b 1
971-75 b 19
76-80 b 19
80 19
81 19
82
1983
1984
Industrial materials
6.9
5.8
5.4
2.3
2.2
1.8
1.4
3.3
2.9
Electricity 1
1.5
7.9
7.0
4.5
4.5
2.5
3.1
3.7
5.3
Fuels
6.3
5.0
5.0
3.1
1.6
1.5
1.8
1.4
0.9
Ferrous metals
7.2
5.1
4.0
0.7 -
1.1 -
0.1
0.1
2.7
0.8
Nonferrous metals
8.2
7.9
5.9
1.6
1.5
0.3
0.8
3.0
3.0
Wood, pulp, and paper products
2.7
2.8
2.6 -
0.3
1.4
2.3
0.9
3.2
3.5
Construction materials
5.4
5.8
5.6
1.3
2.0
0.9
0.3
2.3
2.3
Chemicals 1
1.9
8.5
8.2
3.8
4.7
4.0
1.5
6.7
4.1
Total machinery
7.7
7.3
7.8
5.0
4.5
3.1
4.0
5.0
5.5
Producer durables
9.1
8.2
8.8
5.9
5.1
3.2
4.5
5.6
6.6
Consumer durables
9.8 1
1.7 1
1.2
6.6
6.7
5.4
4.7
5.1
2.2
Nondurable consumer goods
4.9
6.4
3.6
1.9
1.2
2.0
1.3
2.2
2.0
Soft goods
2.6
7.2
2.7
2.7
2.3
1.9 -
0.5
1.1
2.2
Processed foods
6.8
5.8
4.2
1.4
0.4
2.0
2.8
3.0
1.9
Total industrial production
6.7
6.4
5.9
3.2
3.0
2.3
2.4
3.8
3.8
e Based on CIA estimates rather than Soviet official series.
The latter are believed to contain an upward bias in rates of
growth because of double-counting and disguised inflation.
The branch indexes shown above are formed by combining
price-weighted samples of products into sector indexes,
which in turn are combined into branch indexes using 1970
value-added weights. The indexes for industrial materials,
consumer nondurables, and total industrial production are
formed by combining the component branch indexes using
1970 value-added weights.
b The base year is the year prior to the stated period. Rates
of growth are derived from unrounded data.
Preliminary.
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Table 44
USSR: Hard Currency Trade, by Commodity a
a Including all countries trading with the Soviet Union on a
hard currency basis as of I January 1980.
n The importance of hard currency trade is overstated for
exports and understated for imports in Soviet statistics
because of the artificial prices the USSR uses in its CEMA
country trade.
Export totals in this table do not agree with tables 45 and
46. Data in this table excludes exports not specified by
partner countries (hard currency LDCs), which are believed
to be deliveries of military goods.
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Table 45
USSR: Hard Currency Trade With Non-Communist
Countries, 1983-84 a
Of which:
Australia 16 546 - 530 27 592 - 565
Of which:
Argentina 35 1,754 -1,719 32 1,358 -1,326
a Official Soviet trade data on f.o.b. basis.
b Includes exports not specified by partner countries, which are
believed to be deliveries of military goods.
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Table 46
USSR: Hard Currency Balance of Payments
M
illion US $
1960
1965 1
970
1975 19
80 19
81
1982 19
83 19
84a
Trade balance
-250
-186 -
320
-4,797
1,714
200
4,433
4,713
4,175
Exports, f.o.b.b
768
1,374 2
,664
9,780 ___ 2
7,784 2
7,978
31,977 3
2,428 3
1,614
Imports, f.o.b.
1,018
1,560 2
,984
14,577 _ 2
6,070 2
7,778__
27,544 2
7,715 _ 2
7,439
Net interest
-5
-15
-80
-570
-710 -
1,375
-1,200 -
1,150 -
1,050
Other invisibles and hard currency trade not included
elsewhere ~
-65
-45
500
760
900
__
1,000
1,100
1,100
1,100
Current account balance
-320
-246
100
-4,607
1,904 _
-175
4,333
4,663
4,225
Borrowing from abroad d
90
40
290
5,400
-185
3,000
- 865
500
- 300
-
Change in assets e
0
0
-
-25
--
395
-
235
140
-1,575
400
-200
a Estimated. r Including Soviet hard currency aid to and trade with other
b Including military exports to the LDCs. CEMA countries and trade credits extended to finance
Including estimated net receipts from tourism, transporta- Soviet exports-including arms-to non-Communist hard
lion, and official transfers. currency trade partners.
a Soviet drawings less repayments on Western credits.
e Net change in Soviet assets held with Western commercial
banks.
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Table 47
USSR: Hard Currency Debt to the West
e Estimated.
b Debt service as a share of commodity export earnings plus
sales of arms, gold, interest receipts, net invisibles, and
transfers.
Table 48
USSR: Gold Production and Reserves
1973
8.03
56.16
1982
10.60
68.10
1974
8.42
59.02
1983
10.70
76.87
1975
8.29
61.08
1984
xn
xn
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Foreign Trade and Aid
Page
Tables 49-51.
Trade of Selected Non-Communist Countries
76-81
Tables 52-55.
Big Seven Trade
82-89
Table 56.
Selected Non-OPEC LDCs: Indexes of Export Prices,
Import Prices, and Terms of Trade
90-91
Table 57.
Newly Industrialized Countries: Trade
With the Big Seven
92
Table 58.
Selected Countries: Oil Revenues
93
Table 59.
Selected Countries: Oil Import Bill
94
Table 60.
Importance of Soviet-Western Trade
95
Tables 61-63.
Soviet Foreign Trade
96-98
Tables 64-68.
East European Foreign Trade
99-103
Tables 69-71.
Chinese Foreign Trade
104-106
Tables 72-74.
Cuban Foreign Trade
107-108
Tables 75-79.
Communist Economic and Military Aid to LDCs
109-112
Tables 80-81.
Soviet Economic Aid to Communist Countries
113
Table 82.
Gross Official Bilateral Capital Flows
114
ble 83
T
Net Financial Flows
115
.
a
_ _
Table 84.
US Economic Loans and Grants Extended
116-117
Table 85.
US Military Deliveries to the LDCs _
118-119
Tables 86-87.
Military Personnel From LDCs Trained in Communist Countries _
120-121
Table 88.
Commwiist Economic and Military Technicians in LDCs
122-123
Table 89.
Academic, Technical, and Military Trainees Departing From LDCs for Training in
Communist Countries
124
Table 90.
East European Debt
125
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T
bl
a
e 49
Exports by Selected Non-Communist Countries a
Million US $
1960 1965
1970
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
84,723
127,088
222,485
X74,593
1,062,424
I,Z5Z,I77
1,231,657
1,169,724
1
154
205
NA
United States
20,601
27,530
43,241
108,112
182,025
220,786
233,739
212,276
,
,
200
538
217
890
Australia
2,050
3,005
4,771
11,943
18,667
22,031
21,767
21,987
,
20
639
,
23
774
Austria
1,120
1,600
2,857
7,519
15,481
_
17,489
15,841
15,642
,
15
428
,
15
739
Canada
5,813
8,449
16,747
34,080
58,297
67,734
72,726
71,234
,
76
461
,
90
291
Japan
4,055
8,452
19,318
55,727
_
102,299
130,441
151,495
138,385
,
146
965
,
169
700
New Zealand
847
1,007
1,223
2,160
4,706
5,421
5,622
5,571
,
5
414
,
5
518
Norway
881
1,443
2,457
7,232
13,546
18,542
18,217
17,593
,
17
997
,
18
915
Portugal
327
577
950
1,939
3,593
4,640
4,148
4,165
,
4
575
,
179
5
Spain
725
935
2,388
7,691
18,208
20,720
20,333
20,498
,
19
734
,
23
561
Sweden
2,565
3,971
6,795
17,384
27,602
30,906
28,658
26,808
,
27
446
,
29
379
Switzerland
1,859
2,941
5,063
12,953
26,538
29,632
27,049
26,019
,
25
591
,
25
849
Turkey
321
464
588
1,401
2,261
2,910
4,703
5,746
,
5
728
,
7
134
European Community
42,487
65,158
113,634
300,642
577,239
665,848
612,449
590,025
,
574
401
,
NA
Belgium-Luxembourg
3,792
6,394
11,600
28,802
56,700
64,656
55,694
52,354
,
51
937
NA
Denmark
1,494
2,320
3,356
8,712
14,696
16,982
16,095
15,382
,
16
042
15
966
France
6,867
10,176
18,098
53,118
100,691
116,030
106,424
96,694
,
94
943
,
97
566
Greece
203
328
643
2,278
3,885
5,153
4,246
4,298
,
4
413
,
4
811
Ireland
426
619
1,120
3,193
7,132
8,398
7,677
8,067
,
8
599
,
9
641
Italy
3,653
7,200
13,207
34,816
72,232
77,673
75,264
73,497
,
72
702
,
73
314
Netherlands
4,028
6,398
11,774
35,024
63,702
73,940
68,715
66,281
,
64
683
,
65
677
United Kingdom
10,609
13,810
19,608
44,523
86,397
110,155
102,244
97,017
,
91
641
,
93
772
West Germany
11,415
17,913
34,228
90,176
171,804
192,861
176,090
176,435
,
169
441
,
171
728
OPEC
7,390
10,299
16,835
113,449
211,511
295,729
272,780
NA
,
NA
,
NA
Algeria
394
637
1,009
4,691
9,481
13,660
14,134
NA
NA
NA
Ecuador
146
164
221
987
2,104
2,481
2,542
2,140
2
223
2
583
Gabon
47
105
143
943
1,848
2,173
2,200
2,160
,
1
975
,
NA
Indonesia
841
708
1,108
7,102
]5,590
21,909
22,260
22
293
,
21
145
21
903
Iran
844
1,305
2,624
20,211
19,976
14,106
12,597
,
19,430
,
20
211
,
13
220
Iraq
467
710
847
8,297
21,431
26,278
10,530
10,250
,
9
785
,
NA
Kuwait
962
1,284
1,693
9,185
18,404
19,842
16,299
10,864
,
11
504
10
749
Libya
11
796
2,366
6,840
16,085
21,919
15,576
13,954
,
11
397
,
11
136
Nigeria
475
741
1,240
7,776
17,793
25,968
17,863
13,696
,
11,553
,
14,560
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Table 49 (continued)
Exports by Selected Non-Communist Countries s
a Data are from the International Monetary Fund, Interna- a Including data for Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland, and
tional Financial Statistics. Exports are f.o.b. Namibia.
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Table 50
Imports by Selected Non-Communist Countries a
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Table 50 (continued)
Imports by Selected Non-Communist Countries s
a Data are from the International Monetary Fund, Interns- n Including data for Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland, and
tional Financial Statistics. Imports are c.i.f. Namibia.
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Table 51
Trade Balance of Selected Non-Communist Countries
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Table 51 (continued)
Trade Balance by Selected Non-Communist Countries
OPEC (continued)
Saudi Arabia
538
752
1,493
25,624
32,897
72,093
78,138
35,594
8,616
NA
United Arab Emirates
xA
NA
243
4,301
6,643
11,932
10,588
7,821
6,655
NA
Venezuela
1,116
1,023
784
2,796
3,647
7,377
7,013
3,545
6,447
6,044
Other countries
Argentina
-170
294
79
-986
1,110
-2,520
-287
2,288
3,332
NA
Brazil
-194
500
-110
-4,922
-4,560
-4,829
-786
-894
5,098
11,795
Chile
-38
33
308
214
-324
-453
-2,458
182
867
466
China (Taiwan)
-133
-108
-100
-659
1,561
276
1,411
3,316
4,836
8,497
Colombia
-54
85
-107
-30
67
-718
-2,243
-2,383
-1,887
-1,036
Dominican Republic
80
29
-55
5
-344
-678
-480
-676
-680
NA
Egypt
-100
-329
-25
-2,532
-1,997
-1,813
-5,549
-5,958
-7,061
NA
El Salvador
- 5
-12
- 23
- 67
92
112
-188
-158
-156
NA
Guatemala
-5
-42
14
-92
-234
-41
-420
-221
63
NA
Hong Kong
-337
-426
-390
-747
-1,990
-2,679
-2,957
-2,569
-2,059
-250
India
-971
-1,151
-98
-2,026
-2,021
-6,278
-7,123
-5,428
-4,971
NA
Israel
-339
-399
-1,338
-4,158
-4,122
-4,167
-4,542
-4,389
-4,525
-4,085
Jamaica
-58
-75
-183
-289
-175
-208
-499
-646
-767
-416
Lebanon
-247
-456
-461
-927
-1,927
-2,782
-2,663
-2,664
-2,970
NA
Malaysia
276
139
268
277
3,230
2,166
220
-388
866
2,502
Mexico
-422
-440
-1,058
-3,667
-3,104
-3,890
-4,422
6,086
13,796
13,140
Morocco
-59
-23
-196
-1,024
-1,719
-1,814
-2,014
-2,253
-1,586
-1,740
Pakistan
-260
-519
-333
-1,106
-2,000
-2,732
-2,748
-3,068
-2,252
-3,295
Peru
65
-45
412
-1,259
1,671
1,398
-192
-308
467
935
Philippines
-91
-196
-195
-1,461
-2,004
-2,554
-2,824
-3,295
-3,086
-1,158
Singapore
-196
-243
-907
-2,757
-3,402
-4,628
-6,605
-7,379
-6,325
-4,593
South Africa e
366
22
-488
666
9,407
6,434
-1,760
-849
2,904
1,114
South Korea
-311
-288
-1,149
-2,193
-5,284
-4,787
-4,877
-2,398
-1,747
-1,390
Sri Lanka
-28
99
-44
-187
-470
-995
-817
-984
-872
-402
Syria
-126
-44
-158
-755
-1,685
-2,010
-2,937
-1,988
-2,632
NA
Thailand
-36
-120
-589
-1,072
-1,860
-2,709
-2,924
-1,604
-3,919
-2,984
a Including data for Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and
Swaziland.
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Table 52
Big Seven: Direction of Trade a
World
Big
Seven
Other
OECD
OPEC
Com-
monist
Other
World
Big
Seven
Other
OECD
OPEC
Com-
monist
Other
United States
1978
141,423
62,872
21,264
16,655
4,535_ _
36,096
180,351
87,466
14,651
35,579
1,984
40,672
1979
178,735
79,769
28,780
15,110
7,418
47,659
215,903
97,799
_
16,643
48,227
2,684
50,549
1980
216,445
92,836
34,893
17,763
7,648
63,304
249,592
107,737
19,386
58,091
2,735
61,643
1981 _
229,434
96,803
35,465
21,533
7,963
_
67,669
264,720
_
123,652
20,498
51,793
_
3,766
65,011
1982
207,907
86,349
33,274
22,862
6,558
58,864
245,295
124,238
_
20,302
32,731
__
3,671
64,352
1983
195,869
89,365
30,752
16,905
5,088
53,758
257,769
134,361
_
20,983
26,493
3,956
71,976
1984
212,886
101,804
31,282
14,385
-
7,216
58,197
325,082
177,157
28,245
28,061
5,738
85,880
Japan
-
-
--
-
-
1978 _
94,721
34,903
10,432
14,244
6,928
28,213
78,136
22,958
9,287
24,671
4,004
17,217
1979
97,952
37,548
10,167
13,272
7,479
29,485
107,377
30,676
_
10,761
36,049
5,484
24,407
1980
125,249
46,940
13,197
18,597
9,489
37,026
138,976
36,035
11,566
56,753
6,902
27,719
1981
146,101
56,115
15,560
22,824
9,770
41,833
140,358
36,891
12,608
54,866
7,872
28,120
1982
134,189
52,370
14,189
21,774
8,525
37,331
129,128
34,970
11,512
48,470
7,516
26,660
1983
141,882
60,716
14,728
19,077
9,059
38,302
123,900
35,860
11,995
42,202
7,103
26,741
1984
163,762
78,952
16,109
15,839
10,834
42,028
132,946
39,031
14,003
41,371
8,038
30,502
West Germany
1978
142,265
48,522
56,947
12,254
8,887
15,654
121,145
45,043
46,300
9,683
6,329
13,791
1979
171,543
61,682
69,829
10,486
10,402
19,143
158,955
58,748
58,954
14,787
8,819
17,645
1980
192,278
69,998
77,540
12,545
10,785
21,410
186,807
69,543
67,176
20,590
9,623
19,875
1981
175,540
63,416
66,924
15,398
8,777
21,025
162,828
62,056
58,711
16,645
8,565
16,850
1982
175,885
65,868
66,878
15,693
8,519
18,927
154,442
58,976
56,653
13,514
8,837
16,461
1983
168,894
64,536
65,152
12,403
8,912
17,890
151,935
58,444
58,375
10,687
8,723
15,707
1984
171,083
69,475
65,348
9,844
8,271
18,145
151,953
58 737
57,656
9,660
9,282
16,616
France
-
-
1978
79,163
32,747
21,705
6,501
3,290 _
14,920
81,611
36,564
22,129
11,887
2,807
8,224
_1979
100,381
42,012
28,062 _
7,606
4,528 __
18,173 _
106,708
47,009
_
28,434
__
16,653
3,712
10,900
1980
115,679
46,227
31,694
9,831
5,284
_
22,643
134,469
56,336
33,760
25,133
5,813
13,426
1981
106,103
41,199
27,317_
10,895
_
4,521
22,172
120,543
50,165
29,731
_
22,332
5,527
12
78
9
1982
96,220
37,902
25,255
10,221
3,306
19,535
115,326
50,554
29,113
18,397
4,848
,
.
_
12,414
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Table 52 (continued)
Big Seven: Direction of Trade a
World Big Other OPEC Com- Other World Big Other OPEC Com- Other
Seven OECD munist Seven OECD munist
1983
94,561
38,638
24,717
8,714
3,998
18,495
105,060
47,398
28,040
13,366
4,554
11,703
1984
97,235
40,841
25,554
4,078
3,438
18,322
103,351
47,006
28,173
11,957
4,313
11,901
United Kingdom
_
1978
67,683
20,139
24,973
8,437
2,111
12,023
75,543
30,586 _
26,158
6,377
2,555
9,867
1979
86,148
29,889
32,308
6,981
2,610
14,360
99,141
42,247
35,209
6,723
2,582
12,380
1980
109,855
38,296
40,134
10,330
3,146
17,923
115,190
48,795
39,230
9,898
2,547
14,717
1981
102,019
37,351
35,201
11,079
2,367
16,007
101,994
44,196
36,286
7,237
2,058
12,211
1982
96,716
36,571
33,359
10,189
1,813
14,762
98,980
44,133
35,202
5,715
2,326
11,594
1983
91,435
36,460
31,973
7,986
1,758
13,242
99,338
46,022
35,816
3,974
2,343
11,181
1984
93,669
39,599
32,268
6,722
2,259
12,791
103,943
47,517
38,164
3,335
2,717
12,209
Italy
1978
55,967
27,012
12,260
7,028
2,737
6,930
56,327
25,348
10,701
10,004
3,200
7,074
1979
72,100
35,032
16,723
7,767
3,062
9,516
77,652
34,376
14,979
13,597
4,365
10,335
1980
77,540
36,082
17,382
9,815
3,115
11,146
99,125
44,002
18,496
17,667
5,866
13,094
1981
75,130
32,666
15,116
12,804
2,902
11,642
90,819
37,480
16,241
19,491
5,190
12,416
1982
73,357
33,796
15,330
10,670
2,745
10,815
85,961
35,721
16,240
17,357
5,703
10,938
1983
72,578
34,370
15,428
9,883
3,063
9,834
80,138
32,420
16,561
14,856
5,738
10,563
1984
73,123
36,651
15,259
8,617
3,017
9,579
83,950
34,543
18,396
13,344
6,563
11,103
Cana
da
1978
48,339
38,602
2,059
1,333
1,425
4,920
49,158
40,067
1,972
2,913
373
3,833
1979
58,207
45,700
3,034
1,382
1,732
6,359
60,347
49,079
2,368
3,252
537
5,110
1980
67,515
50,631
4,332
1,813
2,838
7,900
66,581
52,443
2,671
4,902
549
6,014
1981
72,530
55,456
3,903
2,044
2,969
8,157
74,121
58,376
2,855
5,180
666
7,043
1982
70,984
54,644
3,426
2,113
3,288
7,513
61,798
49,874
2,437
2,753
460
6,274
1983
76,468
61,700
2,906
1,564
3,269
7,028
68,656
57,000
2,689
1,877
457
6,663
1984
90,054
74,638
3,178
1,531
3,087
7,619
82,728
68,966
3,166
1,869
566
8,161
e Data are from the International Monetary Fund, Direction oJ'
Trade. Country totals in this table do not agree with totals in
Tables 49 and 50 because of different practices of reporting data in
the International Financial Statistics and the Direction oJTrade.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 53
Big Seven: Exports, by Commodity
Million US S
1970
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Big Seven
163,218
415,790
766,986
904,097
904,611
854,284
842,348
903,690
Foodstuffs __
15,946
44,765
75,996
90,033
93,414
83,686
81,808
82,971
Raw materials
13,319
24,164
--
45,798
_ _--
58,043
--
46,873
40,281
42,497
46,070
Fuels
5,274
18,085
36,399
48,554
56,085
57,430
52,956
54,027
Manufactures
124,555
318,916
589,682
683,801
_689,529
653,577
645,043
698,972
Other _ _ _
4,124
9,862 _
19,115
23,671
18,717
19,31
6
_
20,050
21,650
United States _
43,226
107,652
176,788
216,916
230,506
_
210,929
_
191,144
_
216,008
Foodstuffs
6,919
21,105
33,259
39,392
42,262
35,711
35,043
35,771
Raw materials
4,114
7,538
15,310
20,063
15,135
13,338
13,276
14,923
Fuels _ _ _
1,695
-
4,481
5,687
-
8,134
10,294
12,777
9,703
9,468
Manufactures _
28,762_
70,961
117,406
143,411
-
156,537
---
142,200
-
134,508
-
146,800
Other
1,736
3,568_
5,127
5,917
6,279
6,903
6,614
9,046
Canada
16,185
32,300__
55,117
63,105
68,281
66,977
72,420
84,938
Foodstuffs
1,975
4,399
6,287
__
7,773
_
8,775
8,987
9,150
9,308
Raw materials
4,850
7,450
13,224
_
15,519
14,300
12,167
13,116
14,623
Fuels
978
5,334
7,281
9,010
9,451
9,601
10,017
11,079
Manufactures
8,262
14,842
28,040
30,487
35,032
35,839
39,739
49,191
Other
119
276
286
316
723
382
399
737
Japan
19,319
55,728
102,964
129,544
151,911
138,584
146,804
170,038
Foodstuffs
674
808
1,323
1,704
1,837
1,492
1,509
1,589
Raw materials
433
1,262
1,520
2,218
1,731
1,442
1,768
1,513
Fuels
48
220
356
504
554
411
432
505
Manufactures
17,965
52,638
98,651
123,707
146,424
133,879
141,572
164,711
Other
200
800
1,114
1,411
1,365
1,361
1,523
1,720
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 53 (continued)
Big Seven: Exports, by Commodity
Minton US S
1
970 1
975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
West Germany
34,189
90,021
171,437
191,647
175,284
175,456
168,748
171,730
Foodstuffs
1,188
4,241
8,598
10,146
10,227
9,814
9,236
9,415
Raw materials
1,192
2,643
5,246
6,512
5,007
4,391
4,708
4,837
Fuels
1,011
2,813
5,685
7,143
6,973
6,473
5,62_6
5,671
Manufactures
30,232
78,706
148,695
162,431
147,556
149,326
142,952
146,999
Other
565
1,618
3,213
5,415
5,523
5,453
6,227
4,806
France
17,739
51,604
97,959
110,865
101,246
92,358
91,144
93,281
Foodstuffs
2,803
8,069
14,538
17,796
17,216
15,239
15,415
15,340
Raw materials
1,199
2,628
4,920
5,853
4,649
3,869
4,045
4,591
Fuels
376
1,410
3,490
4,485
4,724
3,661
3,461
3,422
Manufactures
13,147
39,052
74,576
82,102
74,134
69,087
67,654
69,520
Other
214
445
434
630
525
503
570
408
United Kingdom
19,351
43,660
90,485
114,381
102,136
96,542
91,419
94,337
Foodstuffs
1,259
3,221
6,400
7,774
7,500
6,989
6,554
6,486
Raw materials
1,190
1,961
4,296
6,417
4,387
3,855
4,196
4,099
Fuels
496
1,798
9,145
14,882
19,364
19,517
19,824
20,559
Manufactures
15,151
33,682
62,474
76,015
66,663
61,865
56,474
58,846
Other
1,253
2,998
8,171
9,293
4,223
4,318
4,372
4,348
Italy
13,210
34,825
72,237
77,640
75,246
73,438
72,670
73,358
Foodstuffs
1,127
2,921
5,592
5,448
5,597
5,454
4,901
5,062
Raw materials
341
682
1,282
1,462
1,664
1,220
1,389
1,484
Fuels
669
2,030
4,754
4,395
4,725
4,991
3,893
3,323
Manufactures
11,036
29,035
59,839
65,646
63,181
61,379
62,142
62,905
Other
37
157
770
689
80
395
346
585
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 54
Big Seven: Imports, by Commodity
Million US $
1970
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Big Seven
157,592
408,071
823,350
984,149
950,059
889,979
888,310
989,383
Foodstuffs
27,228
60,387
101,174
106,733
101,677
97,838
97,298
101,655
Raw materials
27,828
45,582
87,011
100,854
82,893
72,611
75,181
81,263
Fuels
17,018
101,364
198,331
280,218
284,271
245,788
216,450
220,925
Manufactures
81,261
190,483
416,861
471,370
462,470
454,534
478,836
561,701
Other
4,260
10,255
19,984
24,985
18,759
19,217
20,553
23,845
United States
39,962
94,941
217,455
250,280
271,213
253,033
267,971
338,189
Foodstuffs
6,446
10,518
19,955
20,572
20,910
19,902
21,024
24,254
Raw materials
4,687
8,116
16,253
17,503
17,257
13,055
16,043
17,592
Fuels
3,081
26,403
63,735
82,204
84,261
67,424
59,999
63,074
Manufactures
23,988
48,526
111,907
123,081
140,986
144,630
162,244
222,765
Other
1,761
3,377
5,608
6,921
7,800
8,024
8,662
10,505
Canada
13,348
33,954
52,622
57,707
64,897
54,259
60,477
73,230
Foodstuffs
1,153
2,817
3,837
4,301
4,554
4,186
4,228
4,761
Raw materials
727
1,578
2,701
3,635
3,384
2,610
3,024
3,219
Fuels
749
4,090
4,884
7,143
7,953
5,473
4,171
4,702
Manufactures
10,518
25,071
40,422
41,638
47,866
40,920
47,954
59,023
Other
202
397
778
990
1,140
1,071
1,100
1,526
Japan
18,883
57,840
110,108
139,892
140,830
130,319
125,017
134,257
Foodstuffs
3,195
10,344
16,611
16,849
18,247
16,576
17,117
18,609
Raw materials
7,188
11,421
23,509
26,120
22,073
21,039
20,331
21,933
Fuels
3,906
25,641
45,286
69,991
72,563
65,618
58,925
60,337
Manufactures
4,381
9,849
22,783
25,204
26,091
25,409
26,834
31,387
Other
213
584
1,922
1,729
1,859
1,678
1,813
1,993
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 54 (continued)
Big Seven: Imports, by Commodity
Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 55
Big Seven: Trade Balance, by Commodity
Big Seven
5,626
7,719
-56,364
-80,053
-45,448
-35,695
-45,962
-85,695
Foodstuffs
-11,282
-15,622
-25,178
-16,700
-8,263
-14,152
-15,490
-16,684
Raw materials
-14,508
-21,418
-41,212
-42,811
-36,020
-32,330
-32,683
-35,193
Fuels
-11,744
-83,279
-161,932
-231,664
-228,186
-188,358
-163,494
-166,898
Manufactures
43,294
128,433
172,821
212,431
227,059
-199,043
166,204
137,270
Other
-136
-393
-869
-1,314
-42
99
-502
-2,194
United States
3,264
10,711
-40,667
-33,364
-40,706
-42,104
-68,827
-122,182
Foodstuffs
473
10,587
13,304
18,820
21,352
15,809
14,019
11,517
Raw materials
-573
-578
-943
2,560
-2,122
283
-2,767
-2,669
Japan
437
-2,112
-7,144
-10,349
11,080
8,266
21,787
35,780
Foodstuffs
-2,521
-9,536
-15,288
-15,145
-16,410
-15,084
-15,607
-17,020
Raw materials
-6,755 -
10,158
-21,988
-23,902
-20,342
-19,597
-18,563
-20,420
Fuels
-3,858 -
25,422
-44,930
-69,488
-72,009
-65,207
-58,492
-59,832
Manufactures
13,584
42,788
75,869
98,502
120,333
108,470
114,738
133,323
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 55 (continued)
Big Seven: Trade Balance, by Commodity
Fuels
-1,616
-10,286
-25,272
-34,761
-32,829
-29,954
-26,778
-25,539
Manufactures
14,624
39,946
61,498
64,162
62,098
67,563
58,695
61,887
Other
-382
-545
-630
211
1,810
1,431
2,241
67
France
-1,184
-2,002
-8,752
-23,463
-19,032
-23,096
-14,127
-10,106
Foodstuffs
5
1,148
1,773
3,981
4,810
3,008
3,477
3,646
Raw materials
-1,476
-2,422
-4,041
-4,884
-3,855
-3,441
-2,845
-2,935
Fuels
-1,915
-10,850
-19,458
-31,241
-29,947
-27,166
-22,289
-21,396
Manufactures
2,044
9,842
13,196
9,234
10,051
4,376
7,284
10,588
Other
158
280
-223
-554
-93
127
245
-10
United Kingdom
-2,373
-9,935
-12,128
-3,522
983
-2,490
-7,821
-11,003
Foodstuffs
-4,007
-7,124
-8,692
-7,790
-6,765
-6,710
-6,223
-6,537
Raw materials
-3,151
-4,087
-5,337
-6,019
-4,517
-3,855
-4,290
-3,925
Fuels
-1,773
-7,815
-3,029
-1,030
5,084
6,649
9,166
6,951
Manufactures
6,348
9,502
3,580
10,541
6,385
501
-7,244
-8,381
Other
211
-412
1,349
776
796
926
770
889
Italy
-1,729
-3,103
-3,921
-20,478
-13,750
-10,396
-5,653
-8,613
Foodstuffs
-1,719
-4,428
-6,459
-7,435
-5,355
-6,215
-6,388
-5,656
Raw materials
-2,760
-4,592
-9,848
-11,163
-7,730
-7,405
-6,576
-8,134
Fuels
-1,426
-8,227
-13,592
-22,942
-26,016
-22,159
-20,651
-19,853
Manufactures
4,177
14,147
25,561
20,811
25,473
25,642
28,680
25,649
Other
-3
-2
416
250
-123
-259
-719
-620
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 56
Selected Non-OPEC LDCs: Indexes of Export
Prices, Import Prices, and Terms of Trade a
Import
206
217
217
230
252
295
358
371
355
342
Terms of Trade
93
SS
89
98
92
93
88
81
80
80
Brazil
Export
189
189
217
266
246
269
285
268
252
238
Import
210
217
224
232
247
297
380
422
408
387
Terms of Trade
90
87
97
115
100
91
75
64
62
61
Colombia
Export
172
175
257
376
315
311
347
311
308
309
Import
158
173
180
192
215
237
260
276
282
276
Terms of Trade
109
101
143
196
147
131
133
113
109
112
El Salvador
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 56 (continued)
Selected Non-OPEC LDCs: Indexes of Export
Prices, Import Prices, and Terms of Trade a
Mauritius
Export
364
454
336
332
350
385
436
405
369
366
Import
239
257
257
283
324
382
458
460
428
389
Terms of Trade
152
177
131
117
108
101
95
88
86
94
Morocco
Export
Import
265
213
308
232
222
211
203
162
234
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Terms of Trade
124
133
105
125
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Pakistan
Export
- ----
196
-
173
189
227
258
299
319
331
303
281
Import
194
220
211
218
231
259
323
371
350
311
Terms of Trade
-- -
101
79
--
90
104
--
112
115
99
89
87
90
Philippines
--
Export
212
168
148
150
168
207
216
211
176
184
Import
247
258
255
283
289
339
420
467
399
401
Terms of Trade
86
65
58
53 __
58
61
51
45
44
46
South Korea
_
Export
160
148
166
I81
200
241
252
260
251
242
Import
210
217
212
217
230
295
355
374
346
330
Terms of Trade
76
68
78
83
87
82
71
70
73
73
Sri Lanka
Export
162
143
140
209
223
244
265
233
199
244
Import
235
261
196
222
240
367
493
550
558
599
Terms of Trade
69
55
71
94
93
66
54
42
36
41
Syria
Export
338
291
358
381
404
531
690
766
669
628
Import
245
273
327
297
317
397
515
669
628
726
Terms of Trade
138
107
109
128
127
134
134
114
107
87
Thailand
Export
240
212
206
210
229
272
321
310
273
277
Import
215
239
251
270
294
338
418
465
451
426
Termsof Trade
__ - ---
112
89
82
78
-
78
-
80
-
77
_
67
-- -
61
65
Tunisia
Export
- -- _ __
359
395
328
_-
340
375
- _
529
770
791
705
NA
Import
178
215
198
202
213
__
236
267
258
234
212
Terms of Trade
202
184
166
168
176
224
288
307
302
NA
d llata are from the lnrernatiunal Frnoncial Statistics. US
dollar indexes for total exports and total imports converted
from national data, with the original 1975 comparison base
shifted to 1970.
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Table 57
Newly Industrialized Countries:
Trade With the Big Seven
Exports
0.3
20.2
32.4
41.3
53.0_
63.4
_ 71.2
73.5
82.5
87.2
_
Imports
9.3
28.1
32.6
44.4
55.7 _
69.2
74.2
63.3 _
61.9
62.3
Balance
-9.0
-7.9
-0.2 _
-3.1
-2.7 _ _
-5.8
-3.0
10.2
20.6
25.0
Brazil
Exports
0.2
4.6
6.4
7.0
8.7
10.3
11.2
11.3
12.2
12.3
Imports
1.7
6.6
5.6 _
6.9
7.7 _
9.4
8.2
7.1
5.5
3.8
_
Balance
- 1.5
_
- 2.0
0.8
0.1
1.0
0.9
3.0
4.2
6.7
8.5
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Table 58
Selected Countries: Oil Revenues
Gabon
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
Indonesia
4
5
6
6
8
13
15
11
10
10
USSR a 8 10 13 15 22 28 30 35 37 38
a Soviet prices to other CEMA countries, which in volume
terms account for about one half of Soviet exports of crude
oil and petroleum products, have been based on an average
of the world market prices for the previous five years.
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Table 59
Selected Countries: Oil Import Bill a
United States =
2.1
2.3
7.0
24.8
76.9
-- -_
Israel
-
0.1
-
0.1
0.2
0.6
2.1
Japan
1.3
2.7
6.7
21.0
58.9
Spain
0.2
_
0.4
0.9
3.7
11.9
European Community
France
0.9
1.6
3.3
10.5
30.7
Italy
0.6
1.2
2.4
9.2
24.7
Netherlands
0.2
0.3
0.5
5.8
17.0
United Kingdom
1.4
1.8
3.3
9.3
14.0
West Germany
1.0
2.0
5.1
11.7
35.1
Less developed countries
Brazil
NA
0.2
0.7
3.3
10.3
India
NA
0.2
0.7
1.4
6.1
South Korea
NA
0.1
0.3
1.3
6.2
_
China (Taiwan)
_
xA
0.1
0.2
0.7
4.2
_
Philippines
xA
_
0.1
0.2
0.8 _
2.3 _
_ __ _ __
Thailand
_
NA
0.1
0.2
0.7
2.8
Colombia
xA
-0.1
-0.1
0.1
0.6
Pakistan
xA
0.1
0.1
0.4
1.4
-
Hong Kong
-
xA
-
0.1
0.1
0.4
1.2
Chile
NA
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.9
a Total cost of imported crude oil and petroleum products b Estimated.
(on a c.i.f. basis) less earnings of exports of these items (on an ~ On an f.o.b. basis.
f.o.b. basis).
78.5
61.5
54.3
58.1
2.0
1.9
1.5
1.3
58.7
51.4
45.7
45.5
12.2
] 1.2
10.5
9.7
28.9
25.1
20.7
19.1
26.7
23.6
21.1
18.8
15.6
14.2
13.7
12.6
12.4
10.9
8.6
10.8
31.8
28.4
25.2
22.0
11.7
10.7
6.6
9.6
5.6
4.6
3.5
2.9
6.9
6.8
6.3
6.0
4.2
2.2
0.4
0.3
2.5
-
2.1
-
2.1
2.0
2.9
2.5
2.3
2.0
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.4
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.2
-
1.9
__
-_ _-
1.7
- --
-
1.4
__
1.1
-
0.9
0.7
0.6
0.5
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Table 60
Importance of Soviet-Western Trade to
Selected Western Countries
Soviet Trading Partner
Exports to USSR
as a Share of Total
Imports From USSR
as a Share of Total
Share of Trading Partner's GNP
Exports
Imports
Exports to the
USSR
Imports From the
USSR
1980
1981
1982
1983
1980
1981
1982
1983
1980
1981
1982
1983
1980
1981
1982
1983
Argentina
20.1
32.4
31.4
20.3
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.8
1.1
2.0
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
Australia
S.2
3.3
3.1
2.3
O.1
NEGL
O.S
NEGL
O.8
O.6
O.S
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
Austria
2.7
3.1
3.5
3.9
4.2
6.2
5.1
4.3
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.2
1.3
0.7
0.5
0.3
BiaZll
1.8
2.7
2.5
3.4
0.2
0.1
I.0
NEGL
0.2
0.2
0.$
0.3
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
Canada
1.9
2.1
2.3
2.O
O.1
O.1
O.1
NEGL
O.S
O.S
O.2
O.S
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
France
2.1
1.8
1.6
2.4
2.6
2.8
2.5
2.7
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.9
1.0
Italy
1.6
1.7
2.0
2.6
3.1
3.4
4.1
4.5
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.3
Japan
2.1
2.1
2.8
1.9
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.1
0.3
0.3
0.7
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.5
Netherlands
0.7
0.9
0.6
0.8
1.6
2.6
4.0
4.3
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.8
1.2
0.2
1.0
United Kingdom
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.8
1.1
1.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.4
United States
0.7
1.0
1.2
1.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.7
NEGL
0.1
NEGL
0.1
West Germany
2.3
1.9
2.2
2.6
2.2
2.5
3.0
2.9
0.5
0.5
0.6
1.6
0.5
0.6
0.7
1.7
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Table 61
Soviet Foreign Trade a
1960
Exports
5,558
Imports
5,623
1965
Exports
8,166
Imports
8,050
1970
Exports
12,787
Imports
11,720
1975
Exports
33,407
Imports
37,070
1979
Exports
64,912
Imports
57,958
1980
Exports
76,437
Imports
68,473
1981
Exports
79,377
Imports
73,158
1982
Exports
87,168
Imports
77,847
1983
Exports
91,652
Imports
80,440
1984
Exports
91,492
Imports
80,353
Europe Asia Countries
Total Eastern China Other Other n Total Developed Less Developed Countries
4,210 3,071 816 66 257
3,974 2,792 847 98 237
5,555 4,551 192 165 647
5,606 4,668 225 120 593
8,359 6,752 25 415 1,167
7,630 6,627 22 156 825
20,271 16,494 129 480 3,168
19,415 15,723 150 277 3,265
36,152 28,380 268 1,081 6,423
32,810 26,761 240 618 5,191
41,431 32,216 261 1,201 7,753
36,420 29,407 226 681 6,l0b
43,353 33,774 115 1,445 8,019
37,172 29,399 131 582 7,060
47,107 36,288 166 1,638 9,015
42,525 33,566 143 788 8,028
51,005 39,355 345 1,768 9,537
45,502 37,162 314 764 7,262
51,885 39,845 575 1,836 9,629
47,017 37,488 627 776 8,126
1,348
1,022
326
31
1,649
1,120
529
33
2,611
1,506
1,105
270
2,444
1,647
797
2
4,428
2,453
1,975
792
4,090
2,849
1,241
16
13,136
8,588
4,548
1,899
17,655
13,566
4,089
31
28,760
19,578
9,182
4,367
25,148
20,405
4,743
49
35,006
24,934
10,072
4,766
32,053
24,386
7,667
168
36,024
24,416
11,608
5,058
35,986
25,356
10,630
209
40,061
26,224
13,837
6,424
35,322
26,204
9,118
6,173
40,647
26,707
13,940
7,069
34,938
25,364
9,574
287
39,607
26,427
13,180
6,916
33,336
24,227
9,109
136
a Official Soviet statistics using US dollar exchange rates for
the Soviet foreign exchange ruble as announced by the State
Bank of the USSR. Exports and imports are f.o.b.
n Cuba, Mongolia, and Yugoslavia.
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Table 62
Soviet Exports a
Total exports
5,558
8,166
12,787
33,407
64,912
76,437
79,377
87,168
91,652
Machinery and equipment
1,141
1,634
2,753
6,241
11,378
12,081
10,862
11,230
11,426
Fuels, lubricants, and related materials
902
1,403
1,986
10,473
27,379
35,874
39,849
45,588
49,193
Coal and coke b
242
384
408
1,399
1,504
1,695
1,597
1,660
1,757
Petroleum and petroleum products
687
998
1,469
8,212
22,211
27,851
30,029
35,028
38,092
Ores and concentrates
243
310
403
868
919
993
1,016
1,026
1,053
Iron ore
175
280
325
692
686
651
686
665
682
Base metals and manufactures
837
1,328
1,978
3,813
3,113
3,551
3,511
3,644
3,681
Ferrous metals
642
997
1,351
2,673
3,113
3,551
3,511
3,644
3,681
Rolled ferrous metals
480
716
961
1,794
2,138
2,464
2,422
2,465
2,503
Nonferrous metals
195
331
627
1,140
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Aluminum
3$
111
184
3$6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chemicals
150
244
364
1,027
1,606
2,139
2,380
2,309
2,422
Wood and wood products
305
593
831
1,916
2,666
3,093
2,632
2,471
2,587
Lumber
183
312
333
780
1,031
1,207
990
912
936
Textile raw materials and semimanufactures
358
421
437
976
1,304
1,435
1,545
1,566
1,297
Cotton fiber
288
334
372
917
1,221
1,357
1,472
1,445
1,195
Consumer goods
907
904
1,356
2,377
2,856
2,727
2,759
2,573
2,632
Food
702
664
1,019
1,556
1,661
1,426
1,587
1,320
1,361
Grain ~
467
270
399
508
859
310
404
393
326
Other consumer goods
208
240
337
821
1,195
1,301
1,172
1,253
1,271
Other and unspecified
715
1,329
2,679
5,716
13,691
14,544
14,823
16,761
17,361
a Otiicial Soviet statistics using US dollar exchange rates for
the Soviet foreign exchange ruble as announced by the State
Bank of the USSR. Exports are f.o.b.
n Including small amounts of charcoal and other solid fuels.
Excluding wheat flour.
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Table 63
~oviei impori9
Million US $
1960
1965
1970
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
Tea} imps
5,623
8,050.
11,720
37,070
57,458
5$,473
73,158
77,847
80,440
Machinery and equipment
1,673
2,690
4,166
12,574
22,019
23,198
22,107
26,766
30,709
Transportation equipment
659
990
1,232
3,326
4,335
4,674
4,660
5,301
6,731
Fuels, lubricants, and related materials
237
198
226
1,447
1,103
1,085
1,372
2,068
2,869
Natural gas, coal, and coke
93
123
144
752
178
254
269
287
300
Petroleum and petroleum products
144
75
82
695
925
831
1,103
1,781
2,569
Ores and concentrates
314
315
303
583
747
NA
929
858
929
Base metals and manufactures
545
389
691
3,595
4,499
4,654
4,594
5,359
4,948
Ferrous metals
373
314
593
3,346
4,478
4,635
4,574
5,343
4,937
Rolled ferrous metals
338
287
568
3,197
4,184
4,335
4,259
4,837
4,694
Nonferrous metals
172
75
98
249
21
19
20
15
11
Tln
35
21
30
65
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chemicals
149
373
618
1,747
2,803
3,732
4,031
3,886
4,070
Rubber and rubber products
196
199
192
307
288 b
320 b
298
209
247
Wood and wood products
105
150
248
796
847
1,369
1,305
1,219
1,076
Textile raw materials and semimanufactures
364
358
561
887
1,122 _
1,493
1,271
1,283
1,671
Cotton fiber
180
162
249
271
158
96
46
47
323
Wool fiber
118
100
120
265
487
502
534
549
_ 565
Consumer goods
1,573
2,656
3,789
12,720
17,835
23,335
27,532
27,604
23,677
Food
613
1,512
1,590
7,844
11,395
15,156
18,371
16,744
14,907
Grain
17
397
135
2,673
3,448
4,891
7,257
6,120
5,147
Other consumer goods
960
1,144
2,199
4,876
6,440
8,179
9,161
10,860
8,770
Other and unspecified
467
722
926
2,414
6,695
9,287
9,719
8,595
10,244
a Official Soviet statistics using US dollar exchange rates for
the Soviet foreign exchange ruble as announced by the State
Bank of the USSR. Imports are f.o.b.
b Only natural rubber reported.
Excluding wheat flour.
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Table 64
East European Foreign Trade a
Total
Trade
Communist Countries
Non-Communist
Countries
Total
USSR
Eastern
Europe
Other n
Total
Developed
Countries
Less
Developed
Countries
Exports
7,624
5,523
2,817
2,102
604
2,101
1,603
498
Imports
7,754
5,541
2,954
2,084
503
2,213
1,772
441
Exports
11,789
8,423
4,692
3,172
559
3,366
2,581
78S
Imports
11,611
8,114
4,436
3,111
567
3,497
2,765
732
Exports
18,159
12,546
6,612
4,955
979
5,613
4,426
1,187
Imports
18,522
12,503
6,803
4,908
792 _
6,019
S,0S2
967
Exports
45,269
30,126
15,639
12,157
2,330
15,143
11,379
3,764
Imports
51,314
30,607
16,345
12,238
2,024
20,707
17,687
3,020
Exports
76,862
51,021
27,082
20,372
3,567
25,841
18,836
7,005
Imports
82,586
51,579
28,516
19,834
3,229
31,007
24,392
6,615
Exports
86,169
54,899
29,940
20,523
4,436
31,270
22,611
8,659
Imports
91,190
56,046
32,254
20,433
3,359
35,144
26,171
8,973
Exports
83,758
53,646
29,413
18,832
5,401
30,112
19,903
10,209
Imports
87,501
57,330
33,758
19,311
4,261
30,171
22,850
7,321
Exports
90,712
60,519
33,953
21,715
4,851
30,193
19,671
10,522
Imports
87,146
61,308
36,820
20,106
4,382
25,838
19,014
6,824
Exports
96,799
66,321
37,111
22,309
6,901
30,478
20,300
10,178
Imports
91,213
66,373
39,297
21,543
5,533
24,840
17,623
7,217
Exports
101,097
69,846
37,426
24,195
8,225
31,251
20,732
10,519
Imports
94,929
69,308
39,780
22,251
7,277
25,621
18,159
7,462
a Official East European statistics. Trade with the Commu- Imports are f.o.b. except for Hungary, which is on a c.i.f. ~ Preliminary.
nist countries was derived by converting the value of the basis.
trade expressed in the currency of each East European b Including data for Albania, China, Cuba, Mongolia, North
country to rubles and then to dollars at the prevailing Korea, Vietnam, and Yugoslavia.
foreign exchange rate. Exports are on an f.o.b. basis.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 6$
East European Exports, by Country a
Million US $
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
19846
Bulgaria
571
1,176
2,004
4,807
10,491
10,590
11,679
12,253
12,797
USSR
307
614
1,078
2,643
5,267
5,142
5,972
6,812
6,887
Eastern Europe
151
275
431
968
1,741
1,559
1,979
2,103
2,282
Developed countries
73
190
289
474
1,638
1,418
1,288
1,266
1,163
Less developed countries
18
52
125
463
1,383
1,844
2,010
1,598
1,970
Czechoslovakia
1,929
2,688
3,792
8,158
15,286
15,230
16,683
17,497
17,398
USSR
659
1,023
1,222
2,664
5,493
5,705
6,609
7,307
7,388
Eastern Europe
561
789
1,213
2,621
4,294
4,101
4,603
4,601
4,449
Developed countries
335
468
783
1,673
3,242
2,993
2,962
2,680
2,786
Less developed countries
200
255
331
706
1,302
1,410
1,395
1,462
1,336
East Germany ~
2,207
3,085
4,647
10,680
18,848
19,723
21,786
24,313
25,182
USSR
924
1,311
1,742
3,700
6,666
7,169
8,067
8,894
9,047
Eastern Europe
588
852
1,386
3,368
5,303
4,929
5,412
5,933
6,448
Developed countries
446
657
1,078
2,631
4,542
5,446
5,867
6,373
6,505
Less developed countries
89
131
183
431
1,356
1,268
1,735
1,557
1,570
Hungary
874
1,510
2,317
5,694
12,503
11,950
13,835
15,309
16,272
USSR
256
525
790
2,174
4,579
4,590
5,232
5,401
5,445
Eastern Europe
278
468
648
1,518
3,282
3,147
3,925
3,390
3,525
Developed countries
192
342
630
1,424
3,040
2,437
2,672
2,894
2,528
Less developed countries
58
107
137
334
848
1,015
1,198
1,165
908
Poland
1,326
2,228
3,548
10,510
17,249
13,654
15,687
16,322
17,448
USSR
390
781
1,251
3,362
5,609
4,480
5,722
6,452
6,504
Eastern Europe
335
528
882
2,671
3,801
3,265
3,935
4,137
4,961
Developed countries
403
647
1,024
3,278
5,857
3,826
3,672
3,755
4,052
Less developed countries
93
172
258
845
1,649
1,174
1,550
1,481
1,500
Romania
717
1,102
1,851
5,420
11,792
12,611
11,042
11,105
12,000
USSR
281
438
529
1,096
2,326
2,327
2,351
2,245
2,155
Eastern Europe
189
260
395
1,011
2,102
1,831
1,861
2,145
2,530
Developed countries
154
277
622
1,899
4,292
3,783
3,210
3,332
3,698
Less developed countries
40
68
153
985
2,121
3,498
2,634
2,915
3,235
a Domestic currency converted into US dollars at the ex- 6 Preliminary. US dollar rate understates the value of trade. East Germany
change rate prevailing at time of transactions. Exports are ~ The official West German deutsche mark/US dollar rate converts West German marks into East German marks at
o,l a^ f.u.o. oasis. Trade with the Communise countries was was used to convert infra-German trade in East German parity, but actuaiiy the East German mark is worth iess
derived by converting the value of the trade expressed in the marks to US dollars because using the East German mark/ than the West German mark.
currency of each East European country to rubles and then
to dollars at the prevailing foreign exchange rate. 100
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Table 66
East European Imports, by Country a
Mi//ion US S
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984b
Bulgaria
625
1,178
1,831
5,528
9,777
10,905
11,887
12,408
12,727
USSR
332
589
955
2,826
5,639
6,084
6,822
7,429
7,521
Eastern Europe
174
236
372
1,007
1,777
1,702
1,956
2,261
2,422
Developed countries
89
266
355
1,289
1,657
2,128
1,961
1,710
1,737
Less developed countries
13
37
81
209
378
492
723
772
805
Czechoslovakia
1,816
2,673
3,695
8,874
15,537
15,295
16,449
17,357
17,585
USSR
630
955
1,209
2,818
5,658
6,095
7,145
7,915
8,094
Eastern Europe
524
851
1,123
2,839
4,505
4,212
4,442
4,763
4,839
Developed countries
360
514
917
2,244
3,691
3,321
3,117
2,708
2,590
Less developed countries
161
197
214
501
829
758
725
664
738
East Germany ~
2,194
2,823
4,923
11,947
20,774
20,014
20,899
21,994
22,970
USSR
958
1,205
1,945
4,172
7,508
7,685
8,966
9,163
9,187
Eastern Europe
496
693
1,246
3,147
4,947
4,735
4,588
4,769
5,244
Developed countries
484
656
1,378
3,704
6,332
5,886
5,700
5,531
5,868
Less developed countries
90
120
182
483
1,288
762
965
1,075
1,150
Hungary
976
1,520
2,505
6,795
12,628
12,672
13,279
14,670
15,550
USSR
303
553
832
2,284
4,620
4,599
5,178
5,470
5,306
Eastern Europe
317
415
726
1,813
3,186
3,183
3,268
3,661
3,463
Developed countries
237
383
678
1,966
3,719
3,654
3,195
2,908
2,726
Less developed countries
58
113
177
498
848
845
932
1,110
919
Poland
1,495
2,340
3,608
12,752
19,437
16,158
15,073
15,675
16,197
USSR
465
728
1,361
3,294
6,698
6,821
6,721
7,110
7,453
Eastern Europe
400
706
1,000
2,354
3,963
3,517
3,724
4,233
4,053
Developed countries
447
583
938
6,199
6,699
4,336
3,176
3,056
3,383
Less developed countries
99
210
196
597
1,789
924
598
746
760
Romania
648
1,077
1,960
5,418
13,037
12,457
9,559
9,109
9,900
USSR
266
406
501
951
2,131
2,474
1,988
2,210
2,219
Eastern Europe
173
210
441
1,078
2,055
1,962
2,128
1,856
2,230
Developed countries
155
363
786
2,285
4,073
3,525
1,865
1,710
1,855
Less developed countries
20
55
117
732
3,841
3,540
2,881
2,850
3,090
e Imports are f.o.b. except for Hungary, which is on a c.i.f. basis. b Preliminary. rate understates the value of trade. East Germany converts West
Trade with the Communist countries was derived by converting ~ The official West German deutsche mark/US dollar rate was German marks into East German marks at parity, but actually
the value of the trade expressed in the currency of each East used to convert infra-German trade in East German marks to the East German mark is worth less than the West German
European country to rubles and then to dollars at the prevailing US dollars because using the East German mark/US dollar mark.
foreign exchange rate. Country totals include trade with central-
ly planned economy countries other than the USSR and Eastern
Europe.
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Table 67
East European Exports, by Commodity Group a
Million US $
1970
1975
1980
1981
19826
19836
19846
Bulgaria
2,004
4,807
10,491
10,590 _
11,679
12,253
12,797
_ Machinery and equipment
581
1,956
4,658
4,795
5,477
5,930
6,194
Fuels, minerals, and metals
162
375
1,574
1,539
1,485
1,397
1,459
Agricultural and forestry products
870
1,620
2,560
2,387
2,675
2,671
2,790
Manufactured consumer goods
295
495
923
963
1,099
1,213
1.267
Other
96
361
776
906
943
1,042
1,087
Czechoslovakia
3,792
8,158
15,286
15,230
16,683
17,497
17,398
Machinery and equipment
1,911
3,916
7,689
7,965
8,875
9,588
9,534
Fuels, minerals, and metals
705
1,574
2,629
2,269
2,419
2,485
2,471
Agricultural and forestry products
277
587
1,315
1,218
1,218
1,172
1,166
Manufactured consumer goods
629
1,485
2,430
2,543
2,803
2,835
2,818
Other
270
596
1,223
1,235
1,368
1,417
1,409
East Germany
4,647
10,680
18,848
19,723
21,786
24,313
25,182
Machinery and equipment
2,402
5,415
9,669
9,644
10,910
11,622
NA
Fuels, minerals, and metals
469
1,292
2,790
3,313
4,162
4,303
NA
Agricultural and forestry products
344
972
1,206
1,460
1,552
1,921
NA
Manufactured consumer goods
939
1,666
2,790
2,781
3,194
3,428
NA
Other
493
1,335
2,394
2,525
2,678
3,039
NA
Hungary
2,317
5,694
12,503
11,950
13,385
15,309
16,272
Machinery and equipment
755
2,107
4,026
3,752
4,323
4,730
5,030
Fuels, minerals, and metals
334
678
1,800
1,506
1,780
2,419
2,570
Agricultural and forestry products
619
1,435
3,263
3,370
3,694
4,088
4,345
Manufactured consumer goods
494
1,162
2,176
2,055
2,208
2,404
2,558
Other
115
312
1,238
1,267
1,380
1,668
1,769
Poland
3,548
10,510
17,249
13,654
15,687
16,322
17,448
Machinery and equipment
1,366
4,109
7,659
6,841
7,357
7,802
8,340
Fuels, minerals, and metals
848
3,058
4,399
2,922
4,251
4,472
5,100
Agricultural and forestry products
600
1,209 __
1,708
1,120
1,380
1,387
1,483
Manufactured consumer goods
571
1,534
2,639
2,130
2,071
1,926
2,059
Other
163
600
845
641
628
735
466
Romania
1,851
5,420
11,792
12,611
11,042
11,105
12,000
Machinery and equipment
--
422
1,371
3,090
3,657
3,644
3,385
NA
Fuels, minerals, and metals
420
1,209
3,479
3,506
__
2,661 _
2,926
NA
Agricultural and forestry products
496
1,225
1,957
2,030
1,546
1,324
NA
Manufactured consumer goods
335
873
1,828
1,980
1,855
__
1,794
_
NA
a The values of East European exports by commodity group age breakdowns to total exports expressed in US dollars 6 Preliminary.
n ...e ~.ui~. u~a w.. u,, ayy,y ~iig i.no~ a.ua vya.aii un~n v:l pci CCni- how aav,a, v , vu~uu~a. a~.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 68
East European Imports, by Commodity Group e
Bulgaria
1,831
5,528
9,777
10,905
11,887
12,408
12,727
Machinery and equipment
743
2,289
3,461
3,653
4,030
4,244
4,378
Fuels, minerals, and metals
533
1,852
4,194
4,842
5,492
5,745
5,893
Agricultural and forestry products
291
702
948
1,112
975
1,067
1,095
Manufactured consumer goods
104
282
430
513
571
534
547
Other
160
403
744
785
819
818
814
Czechoslovakia
3,695
8,874
15,537
15,295
16,449
17,357
17,585
Machinery and equipment
1,234
3,204
5,687
5,292
5,445
5,763
5,838
Fuels, minerals, and metals
868
2,467
4,925
5,537
6,431
7,134
7,227
Agricultural and forestry products
890
1,544
2,501
2,264
2,336
2,100
2,130
Manufactured consumer goods
314
683
917
811
905
972
1,000
Other
389
976
1,507
1,391
1,332
1,388
1,390
East Germany
4,923
11,947
20,774
20,014
20,899
21,994
22,970
Machinery and equipment
1,684
3,680
6,398
6,404
6,750
6,576
NA
Fuels, minerals, and metals
1,359
3,644
7,624
7,364
8,339
8,710
NA
Agricultural and forestry products
1,383
2,700
3,926
3,583
3,406
3,915
rrn
Manufactured consumer goods
222
669
1,039
981
857
968
NA
Other
275
1,254
1,787
1,682
1,547
1,825
xn
Hungary
2,505
6,795
12,628
12,672
13,279
14,670
15,550
Machinery and equipment
774
2,188
3,877
3,764
4,050
4,181
4,463
Fuels, minerals, and metals
591
1,855
3,410 __
3,383
3,970
4,606
4,945
Agricultural and forestry products
611
1,291
2,349
2,332
1,979
2,318
2,488
Manufactured consumer goods
193
_
482
972
1,102
1,169
1,247
1,322
Other
336
979 _
2,020
2,091
2,111
2,318
2,332
Poland
3,608
12,752 _
19,437
16,158
_ 15,073
1.5,675 _
16,197 _
Machinery and equipment
1,306
4,769
6,356
4,993
3,766
_ 4,264
4,406
Fuels, minerals, and metals
960
3,826
6,045
5,106
5,241
6,427
6,641
Agricultural and forestry products
772
2,270 _
4,062
3,862
3,369
2,195
2,268
Manufactured consumer goods
231
676
1,244
969
1,205
1,520
1,620
Other
339
1,211
1,730
1,228
1,492
1,269
1,262
Romania
1,960
5,418
13,037
12,457
9,559
9,109
9,900
Machinery and equipment
790
1,880
3,207
2,940
2,543
2,070
Nw
Fuels, minerals, and metals
596
2,070
6,558
6,054
4,732
4,457
NA
Agricultural and forestry products
306
845
1,916
2,155
1,157
876
NA
Manufactured consumer goods
108
206
391
436
401
317
Nn _
Other
160
417
965
872
726
627
NA
a The values of East European imports by commodity group
were calculated by applying East European data on percent-
age breakdowns to total imports expressed in US dollars
(see table 66, footnote a).
b Preliminary.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 69
Chinese Foreign Trade a
Total
Trade
Communist Countries
Non-Communist
Countries
Total
Eastern
Europe
USSR
Other b
Total
Developed
Countries
Less
Developed
Countries
Exports
2,035
650
95
225
330
1,385
575
810
Imports
1,680
515
110
190
215
1,165
805
360
Exports
2,155
480
255
20
__
205
1,675
660
1,015
Imports
2,045
390
225
25
140
1,655
1,370
285
Exports
7,130
1,375
630
150
595
5,755
2,610
3,145
Imports
6,830
1,005
595
130
280
5,825
4,985
840
Exports
13,735
1,755
1,050
240
465
11,980
5,645
6,335
Imports
14,490
1,945
1,200_
270
475
12,545
10,170
2,375
Exports
18,925
1,885
1,130
230
525
17,040
8,270
8,770
Imports
19,305
1,945
1,110
295
540
17,360
13,5]5
3,845
Exports
21,495
1,240
745
130
365
20,255
10,045
10,210
Imports
17,940
1,270 _
700 _
115
455
16,670
12,740
3,930
Exports
23,435
1,210
660
145
405
22,230
10,225
12,005
Imports
16,690
1,670
925
165
580
15,020
10,805
4,215
Exports
23,520
1,365
670
_
310
_
385
22,155
9,940
12,215
Imports
18,340
1,650
845
340
470
16,690
11,720
4,965
Exports
27,440
1,555
590
625
340
__
25,885
_
11,870
_
14,015
Imports
25,100
2,075
1,050
575
455
23,025
15,440
7,585
e Data are f.o.b. and rounded to the nearest US $5 million.
b including data for Albania, Cuba, Mongolia, North Korea,
Vietnam, and Yugoslavia.
Including data for Hong Kong and Macao.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 70
Chinese Exports e
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 71
Chinese Imports a
1970
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
Million US $
1984
Total
2,045
6,830
14,490
19,305
17,940
16,690
18,340
25
100
Food and live animals
330
815
1,775
2,860
3,080
3,495
2,380
,
2,420
Cereal and cereal preparations
255
540
],305
2,225
2,340
2,475
1,625
1,560
Sugar, sugar preparations, and honey
65
155
210
300
470
650
380
31 ~
Crude materials excluding fuels
235
730
1,S50
3,325
3,175
2,520
2,365
--
2,450
Rubber, crude (including synthetic
95
165
3 i 5
430
215
245
230
295
and reclaimed)
TexUle fibers and their waste
95
--
395
1,140
2,065
-
2,280
-
1,470
-
1,155
1,040
Mineral fuels, lubricants, and related
40
130
] 80
175
175
175
190
240
materials
Petroleum and petroleum products
10
40
35
30
55
-
30
- --
60
50
Animal and vegetable fats and oils
5
40
180
180
105
95
95
90
_Chemicals
_
310
_
815
_
_
1,445
2,185
2,025
2,110
2,235
2,930
Chemical elements and compounds
175
250
410
545
470
525
57
5
590
Fertilizers, manufactured
65
390
_
595
980
755
580
_
_
570
700
Manufactured goods
690
2,190
4,710
___
4,575
4,000
4,195
_
5,715
7,200
Textile yarn, fabrics, made-up
40
90
295
845
__
1,575
_
1
160
1
010
1
555
articles, and products
,
,
,
Iron and steel
390
1,475
3,460
2,235
1,320
1,870
3,315
4,020
Nonferrous metals
200
395
340
420
_
165
430
665
710
Machinery and transport equipment _
405
2,010
3,845
5,350
__
4,595
3,280
4,260
7,910
Machinery, other than electric
190
985
_
1,990
__
2,790
2,545
1,405
1,815
3,300
Electric machinery
30
190
540
1,070
1,345
820
1,190
2,245
Transport equipment
-_
190
_
835
1,310
1,490
705
- -
1,055
1,255
2,365
Miscellaneous manufactured goods
25
- -
75
300
485
-
595
670
895
1
605
Other
xECL
25
95
170
190
145
205
,
255
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 72
Cuban Foreign Trade a
1965 Exports
Imports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
1980 Exports
Imports
1981 Exports
Imports
1982 Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
691
529
g(~
649
1,050
778
1,311
905
3,572
2,401
3,767
1,935
4,575
3,868
4,751
3,782
4,829
3,967
5,089
4,205
5,593
3,922
6,409
4,983
5,406
4,063
6,546
5,260
5,928
5,008
6,645
5,886
6,416
5,521
7,219
6,255
6,174
5,530
8,145
6,846
a Exports are on an f.o.b. basis; imports are on a c.i.f. basis.
Cuban trade with non-Communist countries is based on
hard currency world prices while its Communist country
trade uses soft currency negotiated prices which are fre-
quently subsidized in Cuba's favor and do not reflect real
market values. The result is a more favorable global trade
balance than if Cuba conducted all of its trade at world
market prices.
b Including data for China, Mongolia, North Korea, and
Vietnam.
162
217
272
406
1,171
1,832
707
969
862
884
1,671
1,426
1,343
1,286
920
759
895
964
644
1,299
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Table 73
Cuban Exports a
1965
1970
1975
1978
Total _
691
1,050
3,572
4,575
Sugar
591___
806 _
3,209
3,957
Raw and refined
579
785
_
3,183
3,931
Molasses
12
21
26
26
Minerals
50
175
169
212
Nickel
40
173
164
206
Other
10
2
5
6
Tobacco
33
33
63
92
Raw
19
15
22
29
Manufactured
14
18
41
63
Foodstuffs
5
29
131
208
Fish and shellfish
3
19
63
113
Citrus
b
1
3
14
39
Other
12
7
NEGL
106
e Exports are f.o.b.
b Includes reexports of petroleum imports.
Table 74
Cuban Imports e
5,593_ 5,406 5,928 6,416 6,174
4,677 4,269 4,560 4,730 4,663
4,624 4,225 4,526 4,717 4,625
53 44 34 13 38
270 409 347 360 340
260 400 339 352 329
10 9 8 g - 11-
51 72 124 119 64
8 24 54 37 21
43 48 70 82 43
255 301 312 372 280
124 126 117 122 104
58 99 118 137 134
340 355 585 835 827
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Table 75
Communist Economic Aid to Less Developed Countries,
Extensions and Drawings
Total
USSR
Eastern Europe
C:hma
d
d
E
Drawn
Extended
Drawn
Extended
Drawn
Extended
Drawn
xten
e
6
610
575
6
4,435
240
095
25
005
30
14,050
14,665
,
,
Total
51,
,
,
900
1
925
3
640
1
74
1954
835
19
9,210
10,080
5,670
5,830
,
,
,
-
1975
,
925
2
985
1,970
500
545
270
410
215
976
,
285
2
1,235
1,080
475
995
405
205
360
1
1977
,
180
1
1,335
435
545
525
505
220
280
1978
,
4
820
1,215
3,000
485
1,600
425
220
305
1979
,
4
625
1,130
3,800
580
645
305
175
245
80
,
400
4
1,390
2,605
815
1,325
315
470
260
19
81
,
405
1
1,630
600
860
725
485
80
280
19
,
645
1
2,165
1,015
1,190
560
650
70
325
1982
,
950
3
2,425
3,265
1,435
415
680
270
310
1983
,
4180
370
2
2150
1495
1500
660
525
215
1984
,
Table 76
Communist Military Aid to Less Developed Countries,
Extensions and Drawings
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Table 77
Soviet Economic Aid Extended to Less Developed
Countries, by Recipient
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 78
East European Economic Aid Extended to the
Less Developed Countries, by Recipient
_
-
1954-84
- _ -
1983
-
1984
_-
-- -
1954-84
--
1983
1
_
____
- -
---
-- --
416
- -
501
1
Brazil
_
Total
14,665_.
_
,
_
i
Af
3,641
150
80 - _
Chile
145
r
ca
Colombia
111
...
30
Algeria
774
? , .
2
20
Ecuador
19
Ethiopia
412
10
Peru
253
???
???
Ghana
158
--
_
31
i
G
130
Uruguay
nea
u
Venezuela
10
? ? ?
? ?
Mali
23
8
256
230
o
M
214
..
Other
1,09
orocc
5
47
Middle East and South Asia
7,497
NA
1,151
Nigeria
504
NEGL
li
S
41
25
Afghanistan
210
a
oma
Bangladesh
686
???
Sudan
269
7
170
ia
T
87
EBYPt
1,4
8
anzan
50
India
455
Tunisia
281
~o~
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Table 79
Chinese Economic Aid Extended to the
Less Developed Countries, by Recipient
Total
Africa
Algeria
Benin
6,574 269
3,808 124
92
526
379
240
92
38
42 - --
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Table 80
Soviet Economic Aid Extended to Communist Countries
l
T
960
111
5,535
9,205
18,110
20,725
15,575
y,tsau
ota
e
ro
E
t
E
,
065
65
1,300
4,400
12,500
14,100
9,000
3,800
p
ern
u
as
i
t A
E
,
640
8
600
940
1,310
1,370
1,145
1,075
s
a
as
th Korea
N
,
310
1
35
75
260
145
130
50
or
m
Vi
t
,
330
7
565
865
1,050
1,225
1,015
1,025
na
e
h
O
,
255
38
3,635
3,865
4,300
5,255
5,430
4,965
er
t
b
C
,
890
28
2,945
3,180
3,465
4,440
4,560
4,100
a
u
Mongolia
,
9,365
690
685
835
815
870
865
Table 81
USSR: Economic Assistance to Cuba a
e Based on official Cuban and Soviet trade data.
b Preliminary.
Based on (a) estimated balance-of-payments aid necessary
to cover Cuban trade deficits with the USSR; (b) Cuban
purchases of capital goods from Moscow; and (c) public
statements by Cuban and Soviet officials concerning the
amount of development aid extended. This aid is repayable,
but terms are highly concessional. Projection for 1984 is
based on preliminary trade data.
a Sugar and nickel subsidies are estimated as the difference
between the price Moscow pays for these commodities and
their world market value. The difference is considered a
grant and not subject to repayment.
The petroleum subsidy reflects the difference between the
value of petroleum purchased from the USSR and the value
of these imports at world market prices. It is considered a
grant and not subject to repayment.
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Table 82
Gross Official Bilateral Capital
Flows to the Less Developed Countries a
a Total gross official capital flows include official develop- ~ Including Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, a Official development assistance-data for other official
ment assistance, which is concessional, and other official Finland, Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, Sweden, and flows are not available for OPEC.
flows, which are less concessional or are primarily trade Switzerland; also including Portugal for the period 1954-72. e Rounded to the nearest $5 million.
facilitating in character. New Zealand became a DAC member in 1974. Disburse-
n Members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation ments by all donors to China and Yugoslavia are excluded.
and Development.
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
29,181
32,205
41,744
44,151
54,200
51,096
52
905
50
833
21,848
24,803
32,399
35,369
43,221
40,946
,
44
849
,
42
932
6,908
7,079
8,632
8,023
10,953
9,530
,
12
510
,
11
330
3,044
3,243
4,088
4,866
6,037
5,727
,
5
425
,
5
191
2,602
2,729
3,654
5,090
6,183
5,011
,
4
750
,
4833
1,020
1,396
1,925
2,780
2,739
3,253
,
2
659
2
198
3,425
4,266
6,255
5,792
7,026
8,337
,
9
177
,
9
627
4,849
6,090
7,845
8,818
10,283
9,088
,
10
328
,
9
753
6,098
6,067
8,130
7,652
9,589
8,525
,
5
891
,
5
476
1,235
1,335
1,215
1,130
1,390
1,625
,
2
165
,
2
425
475
550
485
580
815
860
,
1
190
,
1
435
400
505
425
305
315
485
,
650
,
680
360
280
305
245
260
280
325
31p
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Table 83
Net Financial Flows to Developing Countries e
Billion US $
Net Disbursements
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
Total
46.7
52.5
57.7
78.4
83.4
85.1
100.9
90.3
75.1
Official flows
24.3
24.6
26.4
34.8
35.3
44.7
43.7
43.9
40.8
Bilateral
20.5
20.0
20.6
27.8
29.1
35.7
36.2
' 34.6
31.8
Industrial countries
12.8
12.7
13.3
18.4
19.5
23.5
24.7
25.9
23.4
OPEC n
6.2
6.1
6.1
8.1
7.8
9.6
8.5
5.9
5.5 _
Communist countries ~
1.5
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.8
2.6
3.0 _
2.8
2.9
Multilateral
3.8
4.6
5.8
7.0
6.2
9.0
7.5
9.3
9.0
Private flows
22.4
27.9
31.3
43.6
48.1
40.4
57.2
46.4
34.3
a Net disbursements. Official flows consist of Official Devel-
opment Assistance (ODA) and Other Official Flows (OOF).
Private flows consist of direct investment, private export
credits, and portfolio investment.
b Gross flows of ODA, other official flows are not available.
Members of the Council for Mutual Economic Coopera-
tion (CEMA).
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Table 84
US Economic Loans and Grants Extended
to the Less Developed Countries a
Total
143,752
4,548
7,570
7,251
8,040
8,564
8,820
Africa
12,171
335
800
922
954
971
1,165
Ethiopia
408
24
15
5
2
3
10
Ghana
461
8
28
26
17
7
20
Liberia
560
16
24
55
66
63
66
Libya
212
0
0
_
0
0
0
_
Morocco
1,277
24
27
56
63
54
84
Nigeria
406
9
__
_
Tunisia
985
13
29
40
17
19
18
Zaire
802
5
26
29
24
30
46
Other
7,060
236
651
_
711
765
795
921
East Asia
25,570
494
407
3
26
277
286
308
Cambodia
913
149
38
_
14
4
2
3
Indonesia
3,215
90
196
130
91
111
116
Laos
904
26
...
...
...
...
...
Philippines
2,507
68
83
98
107
103
106
South Korea
6,049
37
31
28
...
...
.,,
China (Taiwan)
2,207
0
Thailand
877
7
30
31
36
29
42
Other
8,898
117
29
25
39
41
41
Latin America
16,129
520
498
611
840
1,161
1,217
Argentina
199
NEGL
...
...
NEGL
...
NEGL
Bolivia
923
26
30
13
20
63
78
Brazil
2,428
15
2
1
1
NEGL
...
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Table 84 (continued)
US Economic Loans and Grants Extended
to the Less Developed Countries e
Mexico
362
xEG~
7
10
9
8
8
Panama
466
21
2
11
13
7
12
Peru
1,060
16
53
80
55
94
165
Venezuela
2O2
2
..
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
Other
5,973
282
290
403
611
862
797
- -
Middle East and South Asia
50,146
-
1,786
2,802
2,757
2,958
2,987
3,093
Afghanistan
537
21
...
...
...
...
...
Bangladesh
1,989
304
157
152
172
172
193
Egypt
10,519
370
1,166
1,130
1,065
1,005
1,104
Greece
1,910
0
...
...
...
...
... _
India
11,042
249
222
275
222
210
213
Iran
766
2
...
...
...
...
...
Israel
8,851
353
786
764
806
785
910
Jordan
1,488
99
73
10
15
20
20
Pakistan
5,858
181
59
77
200
279
307
Turkey
3,920
4
198
201
301
286
140
Other
3,266
203
141
148
177
230
206
Europe and Oceania
2,200
95
94
41
48
39
59
Spain
1,108
3
7
7
22
12
12
Other
1,092
92
87
34
26
27
47
Interregional
37,536
1,318
2,969
2,594
2,963
3,120
2,978
a Data are for fiscal years and are for official development b Data are reported on a net basis, excluding total ~ Data reported are on a gross basis.
assistance, which is concessional. deobligations.
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Table 85
US Military Deliveries to the Less Developed Countries a
1975-84
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Total
72,265
4,412 _
5,410
7,324
7,546
7,563
5,973
6,965
8,579
10,715
7,778
North Africa and
the Middle East
54,548
2,218
4,224
5,609
6,121
6,203
4,324
5,052
_
6,500
8,685
5,612
Egypt
3,130
0
1
12
57
193
209
207
1,066
1,037
348
Iran
10,180
1,035
1,999
2,555
2,065
2,519
7
0
0
0
0
Israel
8,579
777
1,010
1,091
948
515
853
1,309
1,122
459
495
Jordan
1,721
32
138
112
178
126
277
221
193
344
100
Kuwait
839
13
22
157
191
74
79
67
92
78
66
Lebanon
510
2
5
NECL
10
11
17
14
39
191
221
Morocco
724
3
20
55
99
142
69
128
64
67
77
North Yemen
309
2
NECL
22
27
70
72
49
40
17
10
Oman
100
2
1
1
1
1
8
18
34
26
8
Saudi Arabia
27,198
350
1,019
1,594
2,535
2,500
2,640
3,005
3,782
6,092
3,681
Tunisia
275
2
3
6
2
45
11
24
16
26
140
Other
983
NECL
6
4
8
7
82
10
52
348
466
Sub-Saharan Africa
840
26
63
99
111
38
53
72
160
96
122
Cameroon
35
0
1
8
3
NECL
3
1
3
4
12
Kenya
141
1
0
1
47
8
4
28
25
21
6
Liberia
23
NECL
1
NEGL
0
2
1
1
1
10
7
Nigeria
105
4
26
4
10
9
11
11
13
7
10
Somalia
58
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
21
23
Sudan
237
0
0
0
32
8
22
23
94
14
44
Zaire
70
1
4
9
12
7
10
7
7
8
5
Other
171
20
31
77
7
4
2
1
3
11
15
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Table 85 (continued)
US Military Deliveries to the Less Developed Countries a
Latin America
1,864
144
219
211
125
122
139
101
239
233
331
Argentina
139
10
12
13
24
36
12
11
10
7
4
Brazil
272
46
90
14
12
16
15
15
14
29
21
Chile
146
13
40
57
11
I S
10
0
0
0
0
Colombia
88
2
2
8
4
8
5
12
21
12
14
Ecuador
124
2
6
10
24
9
11
8
13
31
10
E1 Salvador
208
NEGL
I
NEGL
1
NEGL
2
13
59
47
85
Mexico
134
1
2
6
3
2
4
5
76
31
4
Peru
155
9
32
31
18
16
15
10
11
9
4
Venezuela
392
42
13
52
10
14
20
22
30
43
146
Other
206
19
21
20
18
6
45
5
5
24
43
Asia
13,357
1,963
756
1,200
1,068
1,082
1,329
1,504
1,390
1,525
1,540
India
90
3
10
10
11
11
9
5
6
6
19
Indonesia
435
21
35
37
22
30
117
77
29
41
26
Malaysia
385
32
19
44
66
22
24
58
29
51
40
Pakistan
1,266
14
16
44
53
63
57
89
151
261
518
Philippines
413
30
45
50
54
38
56
33
53
32
22
Singapore
464
13
22
22
14
91
29
75
44
105
49
South Korea
3,797
208
357
272
508
474
497
432
404
331
314
Taiwan
3,031
169
183
194
214
227
269
442
467
510
356
Thailand
1,449
52
69
54
113
98
248
271
171
183
190
Other
2,027
1,421
NEGL
473
13
28
23
22
36
5
6
Europe
1,656
61
148
205
121
118
128
.236
290
176
173
Portugal
279
2
2
4
25
11
20
24
88
33
70
Spain
1 377
59
146
201
96
107
108 _
212
202
143
103
a Fiscal years. Including deliveries under the following pro-
grams: (1) Military Assistance Program grants under the
various Mutual Security Acts; (2) Foreign Military Sales,
which consist of US-financed arms, US-guaranteed private
arms credits, and US-approved commercial sales; and (3)
Military assistance excess stocks, which involved surplus
equipment that has been valued at 33 percent of the original
acquisition value.
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Table 86
Military Personnel From the Less Developed Countries
Trained in Communist Countries, 1955-84 a
Total
USSR
Eastern
Europe
China
Total
USSR
Eastern
Europe
China
Total
79,390
63,215
12,410
3,765
East Asia
9,300
7,590
1,710
.. .
Africa
29,130
20,405
5,820
2,905
Cambodia
30
30
...
North Africa
11,345
7,360
3,970
15
Indonesia
9,270
7,560
1,710
Algeria
3,570
2,795
760
15
Latin America
1,320
1,040
280
Libya
7,630
4,490
3,140
Nicaragua
405
125
280
Morocco
145
75
70
...
Peru
910
910
...
...
Sub-Saharan
17,785
13,045
1,850
2,890
Other
5
5
...
Angola
380
375
5
..
Middle East
26,790
22,565
3,855
370
Benin
120
120
xn
...
Egypt
6,390
5,665
675
50
Congo
1,075
535
125
415
Iran
875
315
530
30
Equatorial Guinea
200
200
...
Iraq
5,310
4,110
1,030
170
Ethiopia
2,120
1,600
520
NA
_
North Yemen
4,310
4,310
Ghana
245
210
35
South Yemen
1,585
1,395
90
100
Guinea
1,385
920
105
360
Syria
8,115
6,600
1,515
Mali
905
845
10
50
Other
205
170
15
20
Mozambique
580
400
130
50
South Asia
12,850
11,615
745
490
Nigeria
835
800
35
...
Afghanistan
8,380
7,725
655
...
a Data refer to the minimum number of persons departing for
training. Numbers are rounded to nearest five.
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Table 87
Military Personnel From the Less Developed Countries
Trained in Communist Countries, 1984 a
Total
USSR
Eastern
China
Total
USSR
Eastern
China
Europe
Europe
Total
5,565
3,025
2,515
25
Mozambique
1,200
200
1,000
...
_
Africa
2,975
1,375
1,600
Nigeria
400
300
100
...
North Africa
450
250
200
East Asia
40
15
25
Algeria
250
150
100
Burma
40
15
25
Libya
200
100
100
Latin America
1,050
250
800
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,525
1,125
1,400
Nicaragua
1,050
250
800
Angola
300
200
100
Middle East
750
650
100
Congo
50
50
...
...
Iraq
600
500
100
...
Ethiopia
350
150
200
...
South Yemen
150
150
...
.. .
a Data refer to the minimum number of persons departing for training.
Numbers are rounded to the nearest five.
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Table 88
Communist Economic and Military Technicians
in Less Developed Countries, by Country, 1984 a
USSR and USSR and
Eastern Europe China Eastern Europe China
Total
125,960
41,755
21,335
535
Africa
83,335
8,305
10,175
380
North Africa
67,315
1,445
3,590
20
Algeria
10,750
500
790
20
Libya
53,800
55
2,800
NA
Mauritania
25
700
Morocco
2,325
75
Tunisia
415
115
Other
...
...
Sub-Saharan
16,020
6,860
6,585
360
Angola
2,625
10
1,700
.. .
Ethiopia
2,500
50
2,600
...
Gabon
10
80
...
...
Ghana
60
50
...
...
Guinea
820
100
60
...
Guinea-Bissau
210
75
55
...
Kenya
40
125
...
...
Madagascar
340
600
120
...
Mali
505
250
50
...
Mozambique
3,100
25
1,300
- _ _
..
- -- -
Niger
30
70 _
_ __
...
Nigeria
_ -
4,035
_ _
- _-~
10
- __ - -
. .
--- -
Rwanda
] 0
400
xn
Sao Tome/Principe
5
15
170
.. .
Senegal
55
100
...
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Table 88 (continued)
Communist Economic and Military Technicians
in Less Developed Countries, by Country, 1984 a
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Table 89
Academic, Technical, and Military Trainees Departing
From Less Developed Countries for Training in Communist Countries,
by Area of Destination a
Academic trainees
13,865
13,530
12,520
12,825
14,995
16,820
USSR and Eastern Europe
_
13,815
13,480
12,465
12,470
14,795
16,695
China
_
50
50
55
_ 85
200
125
Technical trainees
2,975
3,745
4,805
5,110
5,715
5,565
USSR and Eastern Europe
2,975
3,745
4,805
5,035 _ _
5,665
5,540
China
...
...
...
75
50
25
Military trainees
2,190
3,425
2,575
5,055
6,190
7,090
USSR and Eastern Europe
__
2,175
3,385
2,480
4,985
6,035
6,830
China
15
40
95
70
155
260
a Rounded to the nearest five persons. Data are for persons
departing for training and not necessarily those completing
training.
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Table 90
East European Debt, by Source
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Energy
Pag
Table 91.
Primary Energy Production
128
Table 92.
Primary Energy Consumption
129
Table 93.
Primary Energy Production, by Type
130
Table 94.
Proved Reserves of Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal
131
Table 95.
Crude Oil Production
132
Table 96.
Crude Oil Refining Capacity
133
Table 97.
Oil Consumption
133
Table 98.
Major Exporters of Oil
134
Table 99.
Major Importers of Oil
134
Table 100.
Imports of Crude Oil and Refined Products by the OECD Countries
135
Table 101.
Natural Gas Production
136
Table 102.
Hard Coal Production
137
Table 103.
Brown Coal and Lignite Production
138
Table 104.
Electricity Production
139
Table 105.
Electricity Generating Capacity
140
Table 106.
Nuclear Electricity Generating Capacity
141
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Table 91
Primary Energy Production e
Thous
and barrels
per day of o
il equivalent
1960
1965
1970
1973
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
United States
21,143
24,918
30,819
31,071
30,154
32,162
32,567
32,397
32,180
30,859
33,066
Canada
1,750
2,539
3,709
4,942
4,678
5,258
4,840 _
4,810
4,821
4,957
5,117
Japan
1,017
1,106
1,028
774
874
1,076
1,178
1,189
1,237
1,264
1,350
Norway
158
255
298
405
589
1,297
1,424
1,447
1,467
1,640
1,734
European Community
6,940
7,280
7,220
7,770
8,280
10,200
10,400
10,800
11,000
11,400
11,100
France
1,082
1,115
1,026
860
899
983
1,129
1,363
1,321
1,499
1,793
Netherlands
216
233
648
1,349
1,702
1,754
1,713
1,589
1,363
1,447
1,304
United Kingdom
2,693
2,682
2,348
2,453
2,571
4,125
4,242
4,417
4,715
4,995
4,325
West Germany
2,503
2,521
2,495
2,400
2,357
2,484
2,523
2,502
2,595
2,449
2,507
Other countries
Indonesia
428
513
873
1,364
1,359
1,920
1,933
1,967
1,693
1,938
1,882
Iran
1,126
1,977
3,920
6,267
5,802
3,564
1,821
1,520
2,448
2,683
2,397
Kuwait
1,766
2,451
3,138
3,171
2,225
2,773
1,830
1,273
925
1,194
1,243
Mexico
445
548
825
944
1,226
2,244
2,934
3,259
3,730
3,853
3,862
Saudi Arabia
1,405
2,313
3,929
7,763
7,312
10,046
10,469
10,641
7,100
5,557
5,091
Venezuela
2,940
3,632
3,945
3,717
2,690
2,784
2,539
2,488
2,311
2,279
2,236
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
13,100
17,800
22,400
25,100
27,700
32,600
33,300
33,700
34,900
35,700
36,600
USSR
9,250
13,227
17,074
19,541
21,906
26,298
27,029
27,694
28,487
29,193
30,004
Eastern Europe
3,870
4,570
5,280
5,550
5,840
6,330
6,250
5,980
6,370
6,470
6,560
Bulgaria
109
144
151
133
143
169
175
186
203
210
212
Czechoslovakia
761
865
906
898
907
979
967
963
985
996
1,000
East Germany
1,027
1,113
1,172
1,105
1,126
1,198
1,220
1,260
1,289
1,304
1,384
Hungary
207
254
277
276
270
287
281
279
289
293
305
e Data are for coal, crude oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids, equivalent, and exclude minor fuels such as peat, shale, and
hydroelectric and nuclear electric power expressed in terms of oil fuelwood.
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Table 92
Primary Energy Consumption a
a Data are for coal, crude oil, natural gas liquids, natural b Including data for Luxembourg.
gas, and hydroelectric and nuclear electricity expressed in
terms of oil equivalent. Data exclude minor fuels such as
peat, shale, and fuelwood and include marine bunkers.
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Table 93
Primary Energy Production, by Type a
Coal
Crude
Oil
Natural
Gas
Hydro/
Nuclear
Coal
Crude
Oil
Natural
Gas
Hydro/
Nuclear
Coal
Crude
Oil
Natural
Gas
Hydro/
Nuclear
OECD
United States
7,359
11,380
10,686
1,394
9,785
10,170
9,838
2,774
10,380
10,294
9,009
3,383
Canada
171
1,625
1,110
803
437
1,754
1,202
1,447
682
1,741
980
1,714
Japan
538
18
45
427
244
10
39
885
225
8
37
1,080
European Community
France
523
68
118
317
284
51
129
665
230
53
183
1,327
Netherlands
59
43
544
2
0
35
1,657
21
0
66
1,219
19
United Kingdom
1,992
2
194
160
1,762
1,639
629
212
694
2,633
692
306
West Germany
1,999
152
224
120
1,789
93
327
314
1,622
79
258
548
Other countries
Indonesia
2
855
10
6
5
1,596
319
13
5
1,506
356
15
Iran
7
3,870
35
8
12
1,672
122
15
12
2,195
175
15
Kuwait
0
3,050
88
0
0
1,759
71
0
0
1,172
71
0
Mexico
40
475
234
76
90
2,129
634
81
90
3,012
670
90
Saudi Arabia
0
3,890
39
0
0
10,272
197
0
0
4,974
117
0
Venezuela
1
3,753
170
21
1
2,225
239
74
1
1,863
297
75
Communist countries
_
USSR
6,077
7,058
3,279
660
6,652
12,031
7,172
1,174
6,649
12,226
9,678
1,451
Eastern Europe
_
Bulgaria
125
7
8
12
116
3
3
53
130
2
1
79
Czechoslovakia
861
4
17
23 _
905
2
9
51
932
_ 2 _
6
60 __
East Germany
1,150
1
10
12
1,082
1
53
84
1,242
1
56
85
Hungary
182
39
56
1
140
41
99
1
134
_ 40
111
20
a Data are for coal, crude oil, (including natural gas liquids), pressed in terms of oil equivalent, and exclude minor fuels
natural gas, hydroelectric and nuclear electric power ex- such as peat, shale, and fuelwood.
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Table 94
Proved Reserves of Crude Oil, Natural Gas,
and Coal, Yearend 1984 a
Crude Oil b Natural Gas b
(Billion barrels) (Trillion cubic
feet)
OECD
United States
27
198
Canada
7
92
Norway
8
89
European Community
United Kingdom
14
28
West Germany
NEGL
6
Other countries
Coal ~ Crude Oil b Natural Gas b Coal
(Million metric (Billion barrels) (Trillion cubic (Million metric
tons) feet) tons)
14,000
12,000
Qatar 3
Saudi Arabia 169
Libya 21 21 0 Yugoslavia NEGL
Mexico 49 77 1,000
a The portion of total resources which has been assessed as ~ Yearend 1983. Data are expressed in terms of coal equiva-
being exploitable under local economic conditions and avail- lent (7,000 kilocalories per kilogram) and include anthracite,
able technology. bituminous and subbituminous coal, and brown coal/lignite.
b Source for Non-Communist countries: Oil and Gas d The Soviets do not publish reserve statistics on oil. Most
Journal. recent published US and Western European estimates fall
within this range.
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10,000
8,700
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Table 95
Crude Oil Production a
Iran
1,068
1,895
3,831
5,861
5,350
3,168
1,662
1,381
2,282
2,492
2,187
Iraq
1,004
1,311
1,563
2,018
2,262
3,477
2,514
993
972
922
1,203
Kuwait ~
1,696
2,362
2,983
3,018
2,085
2,497
1,661
1,132
822
1,076
1,117
Libya
0
1,238
3,321
2,175
1,480
2,092
1,830
1,137
1,183
1,076
1,073
Mexico
271
328
420
465
705 _
1,461
1,936
2,321
2,746
2,666
2,746
Nigeria
17
263
1,090
2,054
1,783
2,302
2,058
1,445
1,298
1,241
1,393
Saudi Arabia ~
1,315
2,204
3,789
7,600
7,075
9,535
9,903
9,810
6,486
5,062
4,649
United Arab Emirates
0
282
691
1,533
1,663
1,831
1,702
1,500
1,248
1,119
1,097
Venezuela
2,846
3,473
3,708
3,366
2,346
2,356
2,165
2,108
1,893
1,781
1,813
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are for crude oil and
exclude natural gas liquids, shale oil, natural gasoline, and
synthetic crude oil.
b Including shale oil.
Including about one-half of Neutral Zone production.
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Table 96
Crude Oil Refining Capacity
1 January 1985
Thousand ba
rrels per day
OECD
38,639
Indonesia
800
Trinidad and Tobago
320
United States
15,400
Iran
590
Virgin Islands
545
Australia
697
Iraq
350
Communist countries
Canada
1,868
Kuwait
622
USSR and Eastern Europe
13,030
Japan
4,813
Libya
180
USSR
10,500
Spain
1,493
Nigeria
260
Eastern Europe
2,530
European Community
12,472
Qatar
63
Bulgaria
300
Belgium
693
Saudi Arabia
1,140
Czechoslovakia
450
France
2,386
Venezuela
1,224
East Germany
450
Italy
3,095
Other
Hungary
300
Netherlands
1,498
Argentina
678
Poland
380
United Kingdom
2,007
Bahamas
350
Romania
650
West Germany
2,171
Brazil
1,305
Other
OPEC
6,007
Egypt
369
China
2,160
Abu Dhabi
185
India
705
Cuba
139
Algeria
465
Mexico
1,269
North Korea
74
Ecuador
84
Netherlands Antilles
740
Yugoslavia
530
Gabon
44
Singapore
1,072
Table 97
Oil Consumption
Thousand b
arrels per day
1960
1965
1970
1973
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
United States
9,795
11,515
14,695
17,310
16,320
18,515
17,005
16,060
15,295
15,185
15,710
Japan
590
1,750
4,000
5,390
4,965
5,500
5,000
4,695
4,500
4,330
4,495
Canada
835
1,115
1,485
1,755
1,660
1,850
1,815
1,720
1,575
1,425
1,445
Western Europe
4,010
7,660
12,400
14,700
13,000
14,20(1
13,300
12,300
11,800
11,500
11,500
Belgium, Luxembourg,
Netherlands
420
835
1,290
1,470
1,195
1,390
1,310
1,195
1,085
1,000
1,000
France
580
1,115
1,950
2,485
2,195
2,405
2,255
2,010
1,870
1,800
1,755
Italy
475
1,040
1,760
2,080
1,915
2,035
1,950
1,875
1,770
1,715
1,640
Spain a
120
255
540
760
890
1,050
1,060
1,010
1,000
1,000
895
United Kingdom
975
1,475
2,030
2,270
1,875
1,900
1,635
1,495
1,575
1,480
1,805
West Germany
660
1,570
2,570
2,985
2,565
2,905
2,605
2,330
2,230
2,205
2,205
Other
780
1,370
2,260
2,640
2,400
2,505
2,535
2,385
2,305
2,275
2,165
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Table 98
Major Exporters of Oil a
United Arab Emirates
777
1,055
1,203
1,522
1,661
1,818
1,697
],440
1,104
1,001
973
Algeria
985
693
1,007
1,029
940
1,031
868
708
607
554
483
Indonesia
725
749
943
1,167
1,095
1,270
1,197
1,191
868
910
949
Iran
3,519
4,173
4,675
5,424
4,886
2,580
952
816
1,644
1,920
1,576
Iraq
1,499
1,622
1,437______
1,933
2,096
3,309
2,494
697
743
676
943
Kuwaiti
2,831
3,009
3,136
2,847
1,991
2,372
__
1,551
_
1,005
669
907
955
Libya
3,313
2,747
2,215
2,210
1,478
2,051
1,776
1,049
1,050
958
947
Mexico
0
0
0
0
95
533
828
1,098
1,492
1,537
1,600
Nigeria
1,055
1,495
1,759
1,993
1,719
2,234
2,034
1,272
1,088
1,024
1,162
Saudi Arabia ~
3,564
4,481
5,764
7,346
6,789
9,051
9,309
9,142
5,642
4,218
3,760
Venezuela
3,470
3,282
3,065
3,150
2,086
2,094
1,837
1,761
1,553
1,357
1,362
a Including refined products.
b Excluding bunkers.
Table 99
Major Importers of Oil
Including one-half of neutral zone production.
n Gross basis.
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Table 100
Imports of Crude Oil and Refined Products
by the OECD Countries, 1984
OECD
US
Japan
Canada
Western Europe
Austra-
lia
New
Zealand
Total
West
Ger-
many
France
United
King-
dom
Italy
Nether-
lands
Spain
Other
Algeria
855
318
7
24
506
80
143
33
59
96
24
71
0
0
Bahrain
48
0
23
0
18
0
1
1
0
16
0
0
7
0
Egypt
274
10
13
0
251
27
51
2
136
7
21
7
0
0
Iraq
535
11
14
0
510
40
72
8
97
21
69
203
0
0
Kuwait
537
36
146
0
315
25
18
16
109
91
3
53
39
I
Libya
869
0
0
5
864
194
74
23
253
40
86
194
0
0
Qatar
355
5
236
0
110
10
42
2
18
16
22
0
4
0
Saudi Arabia
2,623
322
1,356
0
876
93
198
56
204
37
76
212
55
14
United Arab Emirates
1,026
117
630
0
259
22
87
3
52
3
77
IS
20
0
OAPEC
7,122
819
2,425
29
3,709
491
686
144
928
327
378
755
125
15
Ecuador
55
55
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Gabon
116
56
0
0
60
6
25
6
1
4
18
0
0
0
Indonesia
969
342
574
0
14
O
NEGL
5
1
2
5
1
25
14
Iran
1,133
10
272
8
843
48
68
56
190
154
117
210
0 _
0
Nigeria
1,015
214
0
21
780
190
190
43
121
71
53
112
0
0
Venezuela
921
536
19
81
285
87
19
28
81
8
18
44
xecL
0
OPEC a
11,009
2,022
3,254
139
5,422
795
936
279
1,186
543
568
1,115
143
29
Mexico
1,351
739
165
45
402
0
71
18
35
74
187
17
0
0
Other b
4,800 ~
2,610
1,019
149
2,492 n
1,386
833
802
470
890
219
1,917
50
34
Total
17,482 ~
5,381
4,474
333
8,585 a
2,208
1,892
1,102
1,827
1,530
995
3,056
200
63
Consumption
33,785
15,710
4,495
1,445
11,465
2,205
1,755
1,805
1,640
595
895
2,570
595
80
a OAPEC members excluding Bahrain and Egypt, plus other
countries shown.
b Including unknown.
Excluding infra-OECD trade.
a Excluding infra-European trade.
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Table 101
Natural Gas Production a
NA
2
Other
China
Yugoslavia
a Data include only gas from natural gas wells and associat-
ed gas from petroleum fields.
b Data are for net production-that is, for gas actually
collected and utilized as fuel or raw material. They exclude
gas used for reinjection, as well as gas flared, vented, or
wasted, whether or not it has been processed for the
extraction of natural gasoline.
Data for the United States are in terms of net marketed
production. Data for the USSR refer to gross production less
losses and waste. IJS gross production (less losses and waste),
which includes gas reinjected in order to maintain reservoir
pressure, would be as follows (in billion cubic feet):
1960 1965 1970 1973 1975 1979
14,510 17,660 23,790 24,065 21,105 21,885
1980 1981 1982 1983 1984
21,870 21,585 20,210 18,320 20,150
A much smaller share of total production in the I}SSR is
believed to be used for reinjection.
d Including gas used for repressuring and gas wasted.
e Gross production.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 102
Hard Coal Production a
OECD
923
992
983
914
953
1,050
1,100
1,100
1,130
1,080
1,120
United States
391.53
475.28
550.39
530.13
576.18
670.62
710.38
700.84
712.38
657.98
749.84
Australia
21.90
30.06
45.21 n
55.48 b
60.70
73.42
73.63
87.38
96.79
109.08
126.00
Canada
8.02
8.64
11.60
16.82
21.71
28.01
30.58
33.28
35.32
37.05
47.46
Japan ~
51.07
49.53
39.69
22.41
19.00
17.64
18.03
17.69
17.61
17.06
16.64
Spain
13.78
12.94
10.75
10.00
10.82
11.86
13.15
14.27
15.59
15.29
15.13
European Community
432
409
317
272
257
240
251
242
245
232
157
Belgium
22.47
19.79
11.36
8.84
7.89
6.12
6.32
6.13
6.54
6.10
6.10
France
55.96
51.35
37.36
26.35
23.64
18.61
20.20
20.30
17.06
17.00
16.25
United Kingdom n
196.71
190.50
147.11
132.02
128.68
122.36
130.09
127.46
124.72
119.22
51.25
West Germany ~
143.26
135.46
116.34
102.99
96.76
93.31
94.49
88.46
96.31
89.62
83.02
Other countries
India
52.59
67.16
73.69
77.87
95.89
103.45
109.10
122.45
128.32
134.83
145.00
South Africa
38.17
48.46
54.61
62.35
69.44
105.48
116.04
131.18
136.91
139.01
NA
South Korea
5.35
10.25
12.39
13.57
17.58
18.20
18.54
19.99
20.23
18.95
20.64
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern
Europe
496
556
613
657
696
737
725
683
716
716
713
USSR
355.92
397.64
432.72
461.22
485.00
497.00
493.00
481.00
488.00
487.00
484.00
Eastern Europe
140
158
180
196
211
240
232
202
228
229
229
Bulgaria
0.57
0.55
0.40
0.35
0.33
0.27
0.27
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
Czechoslovakia
26.40
27.76
28.20
27.78
28.12
28.11
27.68
27.51
27.50
26.91
26.42
East Germany
2.72
2.21
1.0$
0.7$
0.$4
0.0$
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
Hungary
2.85
4.36
4.15
3.41
3.02
3.00
3.07
3.07
3.04
2.83
2.57
Poland
104.44
118.83
140.10
156.63
171.62
200.94
193.12
163.02
189.31
191.09
191.60
Romania
3.40
4.66
6.40
7.17
7.32
8.11
8.06
8.29
8.34
7.79
8.46
Other
China r
280.00
232.20
327.40
398.10
478.00
635.00
620.00
622.00
666.00
700.00
772.00
North Korea r
6.80
12.30
21.80
26.40
27.30
39.50
45.60
47.20
48.80
50.40
52.00
Yugoslavia
1.28
1.17
0.64
0.58
0.60
0.43
0.39
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.39
e Unless otherwise indicated, data are for net production of a Excluding data for Northern Ireland.
anthracite and bituminous coal. a Including low-quality coal at its hard-coal equivalent.
n Twelve months ending 30 June of the stated year. r Raw production. Including a negligible amount of brown
Including brown coal. coal.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 103
Brown Coal and Lignite Production
OECD
111
155
166
190
210
263
272
290
296
303
318
United States
2.49
4.56
7.21
12.88
17.71
38.01
42.31
46.47
47.94
51.52
57.68
Australia
15.21
20.99
24.18 a
24.68 a
28.18
32.54
32.89
32.89
37.81
34.09
34.60
Austria
5.97
5.45
3.67
3.63
3.40
2.74
2.87
3.06
3.30
3.04
2.90
Canada
1.97
1.87
3.46
3.65
3.55
5.02
5.98
6.80
7.49
7.76
9.91
Spain
1.76
2.77
2.83
3.00
3.38
10.69
15.46
20.68
23.50
24.30
24.42
Turkey
1.91
3.09
4.44 ~
5.73
7.11
14.96
15.05
17.05
16.16
22.79
24.30
European Community
104
113
120
136
146
159
158
163
160
159
164
Greece
2.49
5.09
8.08
13.57
18.41
23.57
23.20
27.31
27.29
30.34
32.38
West Germany
96.22
101.91
107.77
118.66
123.38
130.61
129.86
130.64
127.31
124.28
126.74
Other countries
India
0.05
2.30
3.54
3.32
2.79
3.25
4.55
5.96
6.67
7.30
7.80
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern
Europe b
469
550
587
588
602
627
630
635
656
669
704
USSR
134.21
147.44
144.74
153.47
160.00
161.00
160.00
157.00
159.00
155.00
154.00
Eastern Europe
335
403
442
434
442
466
470
478
497
514
550
Bulgaria
15.42
24.49
28.85
26.46
27.52
27.96
29.95
28.98
31.97
33.56
33.76
Czechoslovakia
57.89
72.33
81.30
81.25
86.27
96.21
95.73
95.29
98.84
100.47
102.86
a Twelve months ending 30 June of the year stated.
n Net output.
~ In^~ unknown amounts of hard e$al.
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Table 104
Electricity Production a
OECDb
United States
Of which: Hydro
Australia
Canada
Japan
Norway
Spain
Sweden
European Community
France
Italy
Netherlands
United Kingdom
West Germany
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
USSR
Of which: Hydro
Eastern Europe
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
Hungary
Poland
Romania
Other
Albania
1960
1965
1970
1973
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1,710
2,430
3,520
4,300
4,400
5,260
5,240
5,290
5,220
5,430
5,700
893.72
1,229.64
1,742.73
2,086.28
2,131.06
2,472.14
2,437.82
2,447.98
2,386.69
2,459.24
2,574.07
149.12
196.98
250.70
275.33
303.15
281.55
276.02
260.68
309.21
332.13
321.15
23.20
36.91
53.89
64.80
73.93
92.09
96.32
102.46
104.89
109.19
116.30
115.10
146.32
208.34
268.64
278.74
361.32
376.05
389.00
385.95
405.41
435.26
111.49
188.38
359.54
470.29
475.79
589.64
577.52
583.25
581.15
618.00
644.00
31.14
48.95
57.61
73.06
77.48
89.12
84.10
92.77
91.87
104.74
106.62
18.61
31.72
56.49
76.27
82.38
105.41
110.32
110.70
113.77
114.28
117.06
34.72
49.11
60.64
78.08
80.57
95.06
96.25
102.98
99.48
109.08
123.20
428
622
866
1,050
1,050
1,270
1,260
1,260
1,250
1,290
1,370
75.01
105.58
146.97
182.36
185.31
241.13
243.29
260.76
262.25
297.20
332.80
56.24
82.97
117.42
145.52
147.33
180.53
185.74
181.75
183.72
180.71
183.50
16.52
25.01
40.86
52.63
54.26
64.45
64.80
64.06
60.31
59.65
63.20
136.97
196.50
249.11
281.87
271.99
299.87
284.94
277.74
272.12
276.20
282.37
116.42
172.34
242.61
299.00
301.80
374.22
368.77
368.77
366.86
371.84
394.28
406
677
987
1,220
1,380
1,640
1,710
1,750
1,800
1,860
1,960
292.27
506.67
740.93
914.61
1,038.61
1,238.20
1,293.88
1,326.03
1,367.10
1,418.10
1,493.00
50.91
81.43
124.38
122.34
125.99
172.02
183.89
186.74
174.70
180.36
184.00
114
170
246
301
340
404
420
422
429
446
466
4.66
10.25
19.52
21.96
25.24
32.48
34.84
36.97
40.44
42.62
44.59
24.46
34.19
45.16
53.47
59.28
68.09
72.73
73.50
74.70
76.28
78.35
40.30
53.61
67.65
76.91
84.51
96.85
98.81
100.70
102.92
104.93
110.00
7.62
11.18
14.54
17.64
20.46
24.51
23.87
24.29
24.52
25.70
26.23
29.26
43.77
64.53
84.27
97.17
117.47
121.86
115.01
117.58
125.81
134.80
_
7.65
17.22
35.09
46.78
53.72
64.93
67.49
71.12
68.90
70.20
71.60
0,19
0.34
0.96
1.55
1.66
2.80
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
xn
67.60
115.90
166.80
195.80
281.95
300.62
309.28
327.70
351.40
374.60
2.90
3.57
4.89
5.60
6.58
9.40
9.90
10.57
11.02
11.40
12.30
9.00
11.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
22.00
23.00
24.00
25.00
26.00
27.00
8.93
15.52
26.02
35.06
40.04
54.97
59.44
60.37
62.14
65.78
73.95
a Data are for total (gross) production at generating centers the thermal electric production to include production that is ~ Beginning in 1980, data are for public utilities only.
and therefore include transmission losses and station use (see consumed by the station itself. Hydroelectric production
footnote b). that is consumed by the station itself is a negligible part of
b Data are gross production or estimates of gross production the gross production. Therefore, no attempt has been made
based on reported net, adjusted by increasing by 7.5 percent to adjust the net production for hydroelectric power.
North Korea
Yugoslavia
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Table 105
Installed Electricity Generating Capacity a
United States b
186.53
254.52
360.33
459.25
527.35
615.69
630.94
634.81
650.10
658.18
Canada
23.03
29.35
42.83
54.38
61.35
77.23
_
82.00
83.75
85.55
89.53
Japan ~
23.64 n
38.06
59.48
85.30
104.21
131.22
137.94
143.70
150.00
154.65
Norway
6.61
9.92
12.91
]5.44 _
16.93
18.94
20.25
_
21.64
22.37
22.76
Spain
6.57
10.17
17.91
23.20
25.76
27.91
29.32
31.02
__
31.63
_
NA
Sweden
8.96
12.04
15.31
19.46
23.14
_
25.77
27.42
29.30
29.68
30.70
European Community
France
21.17 e
26.97 e
36.22
43.09
46.29
56 38
62.73
70.83
73.80
77.99
Italy
16.31 e
23.82 a
30.41
36.51
39.10
44.34
46.13
47.27
_
49.56
_
51.07
Netherlands
5.18
7.29
10.11
12.46
15.45
16.76
17.15
17.64
16.71
16.76
United Kingdom
36.60 a
49.29 a
62.06
72.65
73.92
74.33
73.75
71.70
72.45
72.69
West Germany
28.38 a
40.60 e
47.54
58.50
70.11
82.79
82.59
84.86
85.67
86.94
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
USSR
66.72
115.03
166.15
195.56
217.48
245.28
266.71
276.72
285.49
293.56
Eastern Europe
Bulgaria
0.92
2.16
4.12
5.11
7.06
7.99
8.20
9.06
9.50
9.63
Czechoslovakia
5.72
8.21
10.81
12.12
13.64
16.37
16.65
17.96
18.91
NA
East Germany
7.84
10.31
12.57
15.04
16.93
19.44
20.45
21.37
21.86
21.79
Hungary
1.48
2.00
2.73
3.23
4.29
5.24
5.41
5.34
5.65
NA
Poland
6.32
9.67
13.89
17.73
20.06
24.79
25.29
25.52
26.84
27.88
Romania
1.78
3.26
7.35
10.12
11.58
15.60
16.11
16.60
16.91
17.99
Other
China
NA
15.08
23.77
33.92
43.41
63.02
65.87
69.29
72.36
76.64
Cuba ~
0.94
0.96
1.30
1.30
1.40
_
2.17
2.62
2.63
2.83
NA
North Korea
1.79
2.12
2.80
4.00
4.60
5.04
_
5.04
5.04
6.10
6.30
Yugoslavia
2.40
3.73
6.97
8.65
9.39
12.89
14.08
15.30
16.00
NA
672.46
NA
159.23
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 106
Installed Nuclear Electric Generating Capacity a
eData are as of the end of the year and presented on a net
basis except for Communist countries which are gross
capacities.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Minerals and Metals
Page
Table 107.
Iron Ore Production
144
Table 108.
Manganese Ore Production
145
Table 109.
Tungsten Ore Production
146
Table 110.
Chromite Production
147
Table 111.
Bauxite Production
148
Table 112.
Pig Iron Production
149
Table 113.
Crude Steel Production
150
Table 114.
Rolled Steel Production
151
Table 115.
Refined Nickel Production
152
Table 116.
Refined Copper Production
153
Table 117.
Primary Aluminum Production
154
Table 118.
Smelter Production of Lead
155
Table 119.
Refined Zinc Production
156
Table 120.
Titanium Sponge Metal Production
157
Table 121.
Cobalt Production
157
Table 122.
Smelter Production of Primary Tin
158
Table 123.
Primary Magnesium Production
159
Table 124.
Gold Production
159
Table 125.
Platinum-Group Metals Production
160
Table 126.
Molybdenum Production
160
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Table 107
Iron Ore Production a
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECDb
United States
90.21
88.84
91.20
80.13
70.73
74.34
36.00
38.20
52.10
Australia
4.42
6.80
51.19
97.65
95.54
84.70
87.80
75.00
90.00
Canada
19.80
35.70
_
47.70
46.87
48.75
52.00
35.40
30.30
37.00
Sweden
21.69
24.88
31.51
30.87
27.18
__
23.23
16.14
_
13.21
_
18.10
European Community
112
93.6
81.0
62.4
34.0
25.9
22.6
18.8
17.8
France
66.96
59.53
56.80
49.65
28.98
21.60
19.39
15.97
15.00
Other countries
Brazil
9.34
20.75
40.20
89.89
114.73
97.90
93.10
88.70
97.00
India
10.68
23.83
31.37
41.40
41.90
_
41.30
40.90
38.80
_
41.00
Liberia
3.05
15.96
23.66
24.38
] 8.19
19.70
18.20
_
14.90
_
16.10
Mexico
0.86
3.04
4.81
5.35
8.06
8.34
8.56
8.42
8.52
South Africa
3.10
5.80
9.20
12.10
26.30
28.30
24.60
16.60
24.00
Spain
5.64
5.69
7.06
8.22
8.87
8.41
7.62
7.45
NA
Venezuela
19.49
17.51
22.10
24.77
16.10
15.53
11.20
9.70
13.30
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
115
165
208
244
251
249
250
251
NA
USSR
105.86
153.43
197.14
234.70
244.71
242.42
244.41
245.20
247.00
Eastern Europe
9.34
12.0
10.8
9.13
6.73
6.55
6.07
6.19
NA
Bulgaria
0.42
1.80
2.41
2.34
1.89
1.75
1.55
1.80
2.02
Czechoslovakia
3.12
2.45
1.61
1.77
1.93
1.94
1.86
1.91
1.91
East Germany
1.64
1.63
0.42
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Hungary
0.52
0.76
0.63
0.64
0.43
0.42
0.47
0.44
0.38
Poland
2.18
2.86
2.55
125
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.01
NA
Romania
1.46
2.48
3.21
3.07
2.33
2.30
2.10
1.99
NA
Other
Albania
0.25
0.40
0.40
0.47
0.75
NA
NA
NA
NA
China
100.00
38.30
72.30
109.00
120.00
120.00
NA
NA
NA
1~Fefth Kerea
2.5B
4.96
6.50
6.75
8.50
10.00
11.00
12.00
12.50
Yugoslavia
2.20
2.50
3.69
5.24
_
4.53
4.79
5.11
5.02
5.32
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are for the gross amount from year to year. The approximate current content is as ~ The metal content of the ore in the other countries ranges
of marketable iron ores in the state in which they leave the follows: United Kingdom and West Germany, 28-31 per- from 30 percent to 68 percent.
mines, including manganiferous ores but excluding pyrites. cent; France, 32 percent; United States and Canada, 63-64
b The metal content of the ore in the OECD countries varies percent; and Australia and Sweden, 60-65 percent.
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Table 108
Manganese Ore Production a
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
Australia
62
102
751
1,550
1,999
1,411
1,132
1,353
1,650
Italy
49
48
50
0
9
9
9
9
9
Japan
324
303
270
158
80
87
78
77
80
Other countries
Brazil
999
1,400
1,880
2,160
2,281
2,042
2,341
2,100
2,100
Gabon
0
1,280
1,450
2,250
2,147
1,488
1,512
1,857
2,100
Ghanab
545
604
405
409
252
223
160
193
180
India
1,200
1,650
1,650
1,580
1,692
1,526
1,448
1,320
1,300
Mexico
205
168
274
428
447
578
509
372
NA
South Africa
1,190
1,570
2,680
5,770
5,695
5,040
5,217
2,886
2,500
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
6,350
8,040
7,230
8,340
9,930
NA
NA
NA
NA
USSR
5,872
7,576
6,841
8,459
9,750
9,150
9,821
9,876
9,955
Eastern Europe
477
461
3911
278
180
NA
NA
NA
NA
Bulgaria
25
42
33
35
49
45
45
45
45
Hungary
123
213
169
131
83
71
83
59
NA
Romania
175
126
102
112
48
NA
NA
NA
NA
Other
Yugoslavia
13
8
15
17
30
31
30
NA
NA
e The metal content of the ore of various countries is as 30 percent; Bulgaria, about 27 percent; and Hungary, 26
follows: the United States, more than 35 percent; other non- percent.
Communist countries and Cuba, 25-53 percent; the USSR, n Dry weight.
about 35 percent; Yugoslavia, about 35 percent; Romania,
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Table 109
Tungsten Ore Production e
Metric tons
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
United States b
3,160
3,430
4,220
2,490
2,738
3,545
1,575
1,016
1,300
Australia
1,900
950
1,260
1,498
3,575
3,517
2,618
2,060
2,000
Austria
110
90
80
360
2,150
1,435
1,714
_
1,117
1,400
Canada b
0
1,340
1,340
1,170
3 179
1,993
2,842
327
3,200
France
340
0
80
620
577
591
727
700
700
Japan
470
340
850
770
_
668
667
640
488
450
Portugal
1,390
780
1,080
1,420
1,568
1,395
1,358
_
1,360
1,400
Spain
440
20
410
350
446
437
545
550
500
Turkey
0
0
0
0
96
153
150
170
_
300
Other countries
_
Bolivia
1,020
870
1,840
2,036
2,732
2,779
2,534
2,400
2,900
Brazil
642
143
920
896
876
1,248
1,089
1,200
1,200
Burma
470
160
220
490
823
825
844
930
1,050
Mexico
90
90
290
280
266
263
99
90
200
Peru
230
380
800
580
549
521
688
720
750
Rwanda
230
130
180
350
431
354
409
292
500
South Korea
2,730
2,130
2,070
2,400
_
2,737
2,739
2,420
2
293
2
400
Thailand
210
260
710
_
1,640
_
1,615
1,209
855
,
562
,
600
Communist countries
USSR
5,400
6,660
6,900
8,100
9,200
9,400
9,500
9,700
10,000
China
13,990
8,140
5,470
_
6,710
___
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
s Data are for the estimated tonnage of contained tungsten.
b Shipments.
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Table 110
Chromite Production e
Japan
67
42
33
24
14
11
11
8
10
Turkey
481
567
519
717
391
423
406
400
400
Other countries
Brazil
6
17
27
173
313
236
276
280
300
India
100
60
271
500
320
335
339
360
400
Iran
68
129
200
172
82
32
41
50
50
Madagascar
0
2
131
194
180
100
91
91
100
a Data are in gross weight.
n Production of chrome ore. In the Communist countries, the
chromic oxide content is estimated as follows: USSR, 46
percent; Albania, 45 percent; Cuba, 35 percent; and Yugo-
slavia, 26 percent.
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Table 111
Bauxite Production
Thousan
d metric tons
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
5,370
7,060
16,900
29,000
34,500
32,700
29,400
29,500
35,000
United States
2,030
1,680
2,125
1,800
1,559
1,510
732
679
_
811
Australia
70
1,190
9,260
21,000
27,178
25,541
23,625
24,550
29,300
European Community
3,260
4,180
5,510
5,610
5,230
5,060
4,610
4,100
4,400
Greece
884
1,270
2,290
3,010
3,286
3,216
2,853
2,422
2,800
France
2,070
2,660
2,990
2,560
1,921
1,827
1,737
1,662
1,578
Other countries
Brazil
121
156
510
970
6,688
6,969
6,290
7,199
7,200
Guinea
1,378
1,870
2,490
8,400
11,862
11,112
10,446
8,500
8,500
Guyana
2,511
2,919
4,417
3,251
2,471
1,680
953
1,199
1,569
Jamaica
5,840
8,650
12,000
11,600
12,054
11,664
8,361
7,682
7,806
Suriname
3,460
4,360
6,020
4,930
4,696
3,728
3,059
2,824
2,800
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
4,380
6,790
8,970
11,200
12,500
NA
NA
NA
NA
USSR a
3,100
5,300
6,700
8,000
9,100
9,100
9,000
8,900
9,200
Eastern Europe
1,280
1,490
2,270
3,240
3,400
NA
NA
NA
NA
Hungary
1,190
1,477
2,022
2,890
2,950
2,914
2,627
2,917
2,994
Romania
88
12
250
350
470
NA
NA
NA
NA
Other
China b
640
1,120
1,500
2,800
3,300
3,300
3,300
NA
NA
Yugoslavia
1,025
1,574
2,098
2,306
3,138
3,500
3,668
3,500
3,347
e Including nonbauxite ore such as nepheline and alunite for
the production of alumina.
b Data are for aluminous shales and clays used for the
manufacture of aluminum and exclude shales exported and
those used for refractories, abrasives, and cement.
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Table 112
Pig Iron Production
Millio
n metric tons
19608
19658
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
United States
62.2
82.6
82.8
72.3
62.3
66.9
39.3
44.2
47.1
Australia
2.9
4.3
6.1
7.5
7.0
6.8
6.0
5.1
5.3
Canada
4.0
6.6
8.2
9.2
11.2
9.7
8.0
8.6
9.6
Japan
11.9
27.5
68.0
86.9
87.0
80.0
77.7
72.9
80.4
Spain
1.9
2.3
4.2
6.8
6.7
6.4
6.0
5.4
5.3
European Community
70.0
81.2
98.4
88.4
89.9
88.2
76.6
73.8
82.4
Belgium
6.5
8.4
10.8
9.1
10.5
9.8
7.8
8.0
9.0
France
14.1
15.8
19.2
17.5
19.2
17.3
15.0
13.5
14.7
Italy
2.7
5.5
8.3
11.4
12.1
12.3
11.5
10.3
11.6
United Kingdom
16.0
17.7
17.5
12.0
6.4
9.5
8.3
9.5
9.4
West Germany
25.5
26.7
33.6
30.1
33.9
31.9
27.6
26.4
29.9
Other countries
Brazil
1.8
2.4
4.2
7.1
13.0
11.0
11.1
13.2
17.5
India
4.3
7.1
7.0
8.3
8.5
9.5
9.6
9.2
9.5
Mexico
0.7
1.2
2.3
3.0
5.3
5.5
5.1
5.0
5.3
South Africa
2.0
3.6
3.9
5.2
7.5
7.4
6.8
5.2
5.5
South Korea
NEGL
NEGL
NEGL
1.2
5.6
7.9
8.4
8.0
8.8
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
60.2
84.1
110
133
144
142
139
144
NA
USSR
46.8
66.2
85.9
103.0
107.3
107.8
106.7
110.5
111.4
_
Eastern Europe
13.4
17.9
23.9
30.0
37.1
34.4
32.5
33.3
NA
Bulgaria
0.2
0.7
1.3
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.6
Czechoslovakia
4.7
5.9
7.6
9.3
9.8
9.9
9.5
9.5
9.6
East Germany
2.0
2.3
2.0
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.1
2.2
2.4
Hungary
1.2
1.6
1.8
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.0
2.0
Poland
4.2
5.4
7.0
7.8
12.0
9.4
8.5
9.7
10.0
Romania
1.0
2.0
4.2
6.6
9.0
8.9
8.6
8.2
Nn
Other
China
27.5
13.8
22.0
33.8
38.0
34.2
35.5
37.4
40.0
North Korea
0.9
1.3
2.1
2.5
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
Yugoslavia
1.0
1.1
1.3
2.1
2.4
9.9
2.7
2.8
2.8
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Table 113
Crude Steel Production a
United States b
90.1
119.3
119.3
105.8
101.5
109.6
67.7
76.8
83.9
Australia ~
3.8
5.5
6.8
7.8
7.6
7.6
6.4
5.6
6.2
Canada
5.3
9.1
11.2
12.9
15.9
_
14.8
_ _ _
11.8
12.7
14.7
Japan
22.1
41.2
93.3
102.3
111.4
101.7
99.5
97.2 1
05.6
Spain
1.9
3.5
7.4
11.1
12.6
12.9
13.2
13.0
13.5
European Community
98.0
114
139
126
129
126 1
11 1
09 1
19
Belgium
7.2
9.2
12.6
11.6
12.3
12.3
9.9
10.2
11.3
France
17.3
19.6
23.8
21.5
23.2
21.3
18.4
17.6
19.0
Italy
8.2
12.7
17.3
21.8
26.5
24.8
24.0
21.8
24.0
United Kingdom
24.7
27.4
28.3
20.2
11.3
15.6
13.7
15.0
15.2
West Germany
34.1
36.8
45.0
40.4
43.8
41.6
35.9
35.7
39.4
Other countries
South Africa
South Korea
Communist countries
86.4
120
156
193
210
206
203
210
214
65.3
91.0
115.9
141.3
147.9
148.4
147.2
152.5
154.0
21.2
28.5
39.8
51.3
61.6
57.6
56.1
57.4
60.0
a Data are for ingots and steel for castings. ~ Twelve months ending 30 June of the stated year.
b Excluding steel for castings made in foundries operated by a Excluding alloy steel.
companies not producing ingots. a Ingots only.
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Table 114
Rolled Steel Production
Spain a
1.27
3.16
5.46
8.94
10.14
10.29
10.00
10.79
11.20
European Community
76.7
89.6
111
98.6
108
108
94.50
94.70
104
Belgium
5.88
7.72
10.26
9.10
10.67
10.19
8.55
8.67
9.60
France
13.70
15.72
18.73
17.56
21.00
19.62
17.41
16.25
17.60
Italy
7.78
10.62
14.76
15.41
19.66
19.75
17.55
17.90
19.70
United Kingdom
18.41
20.76
22.18
15.57
10.08
13.04
11.66
12.44
12.60
West Germany
25.84
28.48
35.97
32.98
37.36
36.77
31.20
31.32
34.50
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
57.8
81.3
108
137
148
146
144
149
152 _
USSR
43.68
61.65
80.65
98.69
102.91
102.97
102.31
106.44
107.00
Eastern Europe
14.1
19.7
27.4
38.3
45.0
42.6
41.6
42.8
45.0
Bulgaria
0.19
0.43
1.42
2.50
3.21
3.35
3.25
3.24
3.38
Czechoslovakia
4.48
6.09
7.94
10.03
10.76
10.80
10.66
10.73
10.91
East Germany
2.61
2.99
3.41
5.22
5.13
5.06
4.96
5.08
5.30
Hungary
1.19
1.70
2.04
2.68
3.04
2.82
2.86
2.82
2.96
Poland
4.42
6.13
8.14
11.08
13.55
11.06
10.48
11.73
12.20
Romania
1.25
2.35
4.50
6.81
9.32
9.55
9.35
9.20
10.30
Other
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Table 115
Refined Nickel Production a
Japan
18.7
26.5
89.9
78.0
98.4
86.8
83.4
69.6
86.3
Norway
30.4
31.8
38.5
37.1
37.1
37.1
25.6
26.0
35.5
European Community
47.3
49.0
57.6
63.0
43.0
48.1
26.8
40.0
44.8
France n
10.0
8.2
11.0
10.9
9.8
10.0
7.4
4.8
5.0
Greece
0
0
8.6
14.8
13.9
12.7
12.5
12.0
18.8
United Kingdom
34.3
40.5
36.7
37.3
19.3
25.4
6.9
23.2
21.0
Other countries
Dominican Republic
0
0
0
30.0
16.3
18.7
5.3
20.2
22.4
New Caledonia
11.4
15.6
27.9
52.8
32.6
28.0
28.0
28.0
29.2
Communist countries
USSR
72.0
100.0
137.0
210.0
229.0
235.0
250.0
260.0
268.0
Cuba a
12.8
28.2
36.6
37.3
38.2
40.3
37.6
39.3
33.2
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are for refined metal and b Excluding data for New Caledonia.
the nickel content of ferronickel and nickel oxide. ~ Czechoslovakia and East Germany each produce a small
amount of refined nickel.
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Table 116
Refined Copper Production a
Japan
248
366
705
819
1,014
1,050
1,075
1,092
935
Spain
42
59
83
130
158
152
172
159
157
European Community
796
904
996
958
970
1,020
1,060
1,030
1,010
Belgium
212
280
338
332
374
428
458
405
400
576
840
1,220
1,750
2,030
2,010
2,050
2,090
NA
475
700
1,015
1,320
1,470
1,490
1,510
1,540
1,590
101
140
204
428
561
524
536
551
NA
a Data are for primary and secondary refined copper pro-
duced from domestic and imported ores and scrap.
n Copper concentrate.
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Table 117
Primary Aluminum Production
United States
1,827
2,498
3,607
3,519
4,654
4,489
3,274
3,353
4,099
___
Australia
12
87
_
206
214
303
379
381
478
758
Canada
691
753
972
887
1,068
1,116
1,065
1,091
1,222
Japan
133
294
733
1,013
1,091
771
351
256
287
Norwaya
171
276
522
595
653
633
637
715
761
Spain
29
52
120
210
386
397
367
358
381
European Community
520
735
1,040
1,950
2,220
2,190
2,990
1,920
2,020
France
238
340
381
383
432
436
391
361
342
Greece
xn
xn
91
136
146
147
147
136
136
Italy
84
124
147
190
271
270
232
196
230
Netherlands
0
0
75
258
259
262
251
236
247
United Kingdom a
29
36
40
308
375
339
241
253
288
West Germany
169
234
309
678
731
729
723
743
777
Other countries
Brazil
18
30
56
121
260
256
299
401
457
Ghana
0
0
113
143
188
191
174
42
0 _
India
18
62
161
167
185
213
217
220
270
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
_
696
1,170
2,000
2,820
3,210
3,200
3,150
3,230
NA
USSR
565
990
-
1,640
2,345
2,705
2,720
2,735
2,795
2,879
-----
Eastern Europe
131
176
359
480
509
475
417
434
NA
Czechoslovakia
20
26
31
43
38
33
34
36
34
East Germany
35
45
56
60
62
60
58
57
xn
Hungary
50
58
66
70
73
_
74
74
74
74
Poland
26
47
99
103
95
66
43
44
_
46
Romania b
0
0
107
204
241
242
208
223
244
Ot
her
_.__.
-
China
80
I40
188
357
4I5
4I5
425
435
xn
Yugoslavia
25
39
48
168
185
197
246
284
302
a Including the pure content of virgin alloys.
n Including aluminum alloys.
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Table 118
Smelter Production of Lead a
Thousan
d metric tons
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
United States b
347
379
605
577
550
497
513
515
397
Australia =
247
227
351
_
311
361
370
400
378
380
Canada
145
169
186
_
172
163
169
174
178
173
Japan
69
103
178
152
175
175
183
215
241
Spain _ _
71
54
76
73
84
83
100
100
110
Sweden
45
40
41
38
20
7
30
35
35
European Community
369
404
451
400
390
382
381
377
375
Belgium
93 n
11 I n
89 a
106 n
54
60
_
53
54
55
France
74
98
120
102
127
129
123
115
122
Italy
42
45
54
33
42
36
36
40
38
United Kingdom e
16
23
44
26
30
27
34
41
41
West Germany
140
104
113
92
112
108
111
116
102
Other countries
Mexico
186
154
150
173
145
157
145
167
170
Peru
74
87
72
71
80
79
77
68
70
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
404
549
676
783
823
811
824
832
NA
USSR
300
385
470
540
560
560
560
565
582
Eastern Europe
104
164
206
243
263
251
264
267
NA
Bulgaria
40
93
99
110
120
120
118
116
xA
Czechoslovakia
12
15
18
18
20
21
21
21
NA
Polandr
40
41
54
76
82
69
79
81
NA
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are for smelter production ~ Including lead bullion.
of lead produced from domestic and imported ores and a Including secondary metal, remelted lead, and alloys.
concentrates, excluding all metal produced from scrap (sec- a Lead bullion from imported ores and concentrates.
ondary metals). e Probably including some secondary metal.
b Excluding refined lead produced from imported base
bullion.
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Table 119
Refined Zinc Production a
a Data are for electrolytic and distilled (including redistilled) b Including production from secondary smelters.
pine produced ?rom demestiE end imparted ores and scrap ~ Primary metal Unly,
and other secondary materials.
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Table 120
Titanium Sponge Metal Production a
a Raw titanium in the form of sponge metal produced from b Calculated, 1965-84, from reported consumption, imports,
rutile or ilmenite concentrates. exports, and stock changes.
Table 121
Cobalt Production e
a Recoverable cobalt content of ores mined, unless otherwise
indicated.
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Table 122
Smelter Production of Primary Tin a
Metric tons
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
_
United States
13,700
3,150
4,540
6,500
_3,000
2,000
3,500
2,500
3,000
Australia
2,290
3,230
5,210
5,250
4,820
4,230
3,100
2,900
2,900
Spain
470
1,820
3,910
5,250
4,100
4,400
3,700
2,200
3,700
European Community
42,500
40,900
33,400
17,800
12,300
11,200
7,500
7,400
10,200
Belgium
8,390
4,300
4,260
4,560
2,800
100
0
0
0
United Kingdom
26,800
16,800
22,000
11,520
5,830
6,860
4,200
4,100
4,900
Other countries
Bolivia
1,020
3,470
300
7,530
18,190
20,000
19,030
15,525
14,600
Brazil
NA
1,435
3,100
5,400
8,640
7,640
9,300
12,741
18,100
Indonesia
2,010
1,210
5,190
17,800
30,470
32,430
29,760
28,390
26,000
Malaysia
77,600
73,600
91,500
83,100
71,320
70,330
62,800
53,300
55,700
Nigeria
NA
9,480
8,070
4,680
2,680
2,490
2,750
2,340
900
Thailand
220
5,610
22,000
16,600
34,690
32,630
25,500
18,470
22,000
Communist countries
USSR
__
10,600
_
14,000
21,000
25,000
32,500
33,000
33,400
33,600
34,600
East Germany
1,000
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,800
1,500
2,000 _
2,000
_ NA
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Table 123
Primary Magnesium Production
Table 124
Gold Production
United States
1.67
1.71
1.74
I.OS
0.97
1.38
1.47
1.96
1.90
Australia
1.09
0.88
0.62
0.53
0.55
0.59
0.87
0.98
1.20
Canada
4.63
3.60
2.41
1.65
1.63
1.67
2.08
2.36
_
2.61
Japan
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.14
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.11
Other countries
Brazil
0.11
0.16
0.17
0.17
1.30
1.20
0.82
1.73
1.75
Colombia
0.43
0.32
0.20
0.31
0.51
0.53
0.47
0.44
0.45
Ghana
0.89
0.76
0.71
0.52
0.35
0.33
0.33
0.30
0.30
Mexico
0.30
0.22
0.20
0.14
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.22
0.23
Philippines
0.41
0.44
0.60
0.50
0.64
0.75
0.83
0.82
0.77
South Africa
21.38
30.55
32.20
22.94
21.67
21.12
21.36
21.85
19.90
Zimbabwe
0.56
0.55
0.44
0.35
0.37
0.37
0.43
0.45
0.50
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Table 125
Platinum-Group Metals Production
Canada
South Africa b
USSR
460
463
482
399
411
400
228
167
348
406
754
1,500
2,600
3,100
3,000
2,600
2,600
2,900
1,000
2,000
2,500
3,300
3,700
3,900
4,100
4,300
4,400
a Crude placer platinum and byproduct metals recovered b Platinum-group metals from platinum ores and osmium
largely from domestic copper refining. and iridium from gold ores.
Table 126
Molybdenum Production a
Metric tons
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
32,000
40,000
66,400
6],200
80,300
77,700
54,200
25,500
58,000
United States
31,000
35,100
50,500
48,100
68,351
63,458
37,671
15,238
47,021
Canada b
348
4,340
15,300
13,000
11,900
14,134
16,461
10,194
10,865
Japan
381
277
264
140
56
74
97
97
95
a Molybdenum content of ores and concentrates.
n Shipments.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Chemicals and Rubber
Pag
Table 127.
Caustic Soda Production
162
Table 128.
Synthetic Ammonia Production
163
Table 129.
Sulfuric Acid Production
164
Table 130.
Mineral Fertilizer Production
165
Table 131.
Nitrogen Fertilizer Production
166
Table 132.
Phosphate Fertilizer Production
167
Table 133.
Potassium Fertilizer Production
168
Table 134.
Plastics Production
169
Table 135.
Natural Rubber Production
169
Table 136.
Synthetic Rubber Production
170
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Table 127
Caustic Soda Production a
a Pure caustic soda (100 percent NaOH), including tonnage
not commercialized but used on site for processing.
bIncluding regenerated caustic soda.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 128
Synthetic Ammonia Production a
a Unless otherwise indicated, nitrogen content of synthetic b Data are for 1961.
ammonia. To convert to actual production of synthetic ~ Including only ammonia produced for fertilizer.
ammonia, multiply by 1.2158.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 129
Sulfuric Acid Production a
Thousa
nd metric tons
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
38,700
51,400
61,600
64,900
80,400
75,400
66,000
65,700
74,000
UnitedStatesb
16,223
22,544
26,785
29,357
40,059
36,961
30,148
33,188
_
36,000
Canada
1,517
1,964
2,475 __
2,723
4,295
4,117
3,085
3,679
4,054
Japan
4,452
5,655
6,925
5,997
6,778
6,572
6,530
6,662
6,457
Spain
1,132
1,616
2,021
3,624
3,052
2,880
2,870
2,760
NA
European Community
12,700
16,100
18,800
18,200
20,800
19,300
17,700
17,900
19,000
France
2,046
2,916
3,682
3,758
4,950
4,352
4,136
4,243
4,490
Italy
2,299
2,979
3,327
3,006
2,827
2,544
2,221
2,339
2,630
United Kingdom
2,745
3,358
3,352
3,166
3,380
2,888
2,587
2,629
2,654
West Germany
3,170
3,751
4,435
4,157
4,777
4,832
4,411
4,354
4,328
Other countries
Mexico
249
508
1,235
2,047
1,950
2,172
2,297
2,078
2,020
South Korea
5
17
388
550
1,702
1,304
1,597
1,610
1,975
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
7,890
12,700
18,100
27,300
31,500
32,400
31,700
33,100
NA
USSR
5,398
8,518
12,059
18,645
23,033
24,095
23,801
24,714
25,300
Eastern Europe
2,500
4,220
6,080
8,610
8,460
8,350
7,940
8,360
NA
Bulgaria
123
318
502
854
852
920
916
861
908
Czechoslovakia
553
933
1,110
1,245
1,284
1,315
1,252
1,244
1,240
East Germany
730
985
1,099
1,002
958
948
920
926
884
Hungary
178
385
471
647
590
573
571
606
550
Poland
685
1,062
1,901
3,413
3,019
2,776
2,676
2,786
2,770
Romania
226
541
994
1,448
1,756
1,814
1,600
1,941
NA
Other
China
NA
NA
NA
NA
7,640
7,810
8,170
8,648
8,128
Cuba
NA
202
322
418
402
_
420
334
370
336
Yugoslavia
121
405
696
871
1,105
1,248
1,183
1,300
1,471
a Pure (monohydrate) sulfuric acid (100 percent H,SO,).
1~clfidi~g apprecia$le amounts pr~uced ire gaverr~me~t-
owned privately operated plants.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 130
Mineral Fertilizer Production, Nutrient Content a
1960/61
1965/66
1970/71
1975/76
1980/81
1981/82
1982/83
1983/84
OECD n
22,300
33,900
43,300
46,300
59,700
51,400
49,300
54,800
United States
7,410
11,933
15,789
18,221
23,377
18,603
17,347
19,954
Canada
496
2,545
4,465
6,226
9,816
8,379
7,711
9,928
Japan
1,544
2,203
2,770
2,142
1,850
1,612
1,741
1,723
Spain
674
1,043
1,604
1,794
2,148
1,972
2,007
1,880
European Community
10,400
13,400
15,600
14,600
17,900
16,300
16,200
16,900
France
3,021
4,161
4,644
5,418
4,924
4,554
4,331
4,515
Italy
1,110
1,590
1,621
1,511
2,064
1,773
1,857
1,830
West Germany
3,897
4,610
4,743
3,756
4,824
4,086
3,882
4,219
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
6,510
12,000
20,800
33,000
37,200
38,600
39,300
42,700
NA
USSR ~
3,279
7,380
13,095
22,040
24,760
25,990
26,729
29,718
30,770
Eastern Europe
3,234
4,640
7,720
11,000
12,400
12,70(1
12,600
13,000
NA
Bulgaria
127
354
750
918
947
1,011
997
1,035
1,045
Czechoslovakia
287
484
680
1,062
1,182
1,085
1,114
1,123
NA
East Germany
2,166
2,506
3,245
3,984
4,735
4,787
4,668
4,714
NA
Hungary
102
265
517
690
847
899
869
901
NA
Poland
477
738
1,629
2,581
2,237
2,241
2,284
2,325
NA
Romania
71
293
895
1,729
2,451
2,641
2,692
2,913
NA
Other
China
498
1,502
2,780
5,720
12,320
12,390
12,782
13,786
14,820
Yugoslavia
45
226
364
410
439
442
434
442
473
e Nitrogen fertilizer (in terms of nitrogen), phosphorus fertil- b Data are for "fertilizer years"-in general, the year begin-
izer (in terms of phosphoric anhydride), and potassium ning 1 July.
fertilizer (in terms of potassium oxide). ~ Including some products used for technical purposes.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 131
Nitrogen Fertilizer Production, Nutrient Content
1960/61 1965/66 1970/71 1975/76 1980/81 1981/82 1982/83 1983/84
OECD a
8,460 _
13,400
19,300
21,200
26,700
24,200
23,200
25,400
United States
2,739
5,081
8,161
9,591
11,825
_
10,375
9,090
10,750
Canada
286 _
377
726
775
1,755
1,669
1,751
2,085
Japan
1,030
1,615
_ __
2,105
_
1,557
1,202
1,032
_
1,126
_
1,076
Spain
110
323
592
825
960
885
____
856
841
European Community
3,650
5,030
6,410
6,910
8,650
8,070
_
8,160
8,360
Belgium
278
310
594
610 n
743 b
753 b
755 b
706 b
France
671
1,066
1,351
1,361
1,640
1,550
1,530
1,600
_
Italy
658
905
956
1,000
1,388
1,147
1,116
1,100
Netherlands
417
562
930
1,155
1,624
1,464
1,505
1,659
United Kingdom
449
666
748
I,O55
1,167
1,270
1,399
1,363
West Germany
1,180
1,419
1,505
1,259
1,436
1,240
1,092
1,111
Other countries a
India
110
232
846
1,508
2,164
3,143
3,430
3,485
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
1,910
4,250
8,740
13,500
16,100
16,600
17,700
19,400
NA
USSR ~
1,003
2,712
5,423
8,535
10,241
10,705
__
11,593
13,007
13,480
Eastern Europe
_9.06
1,540 __
3,320
4,950
5,850
5,940
6,150
6,420
NA
Bulgaria
86
260
602 _
672
_
730
753
758
83
1
836
Czechoslovakia
140
220
296
496
_
_
_
618
___
539
568
_
591
__
576
East Germany _
_334
348 __
__395
538 _
_
943
__
967
948
_
968
xn
Hungary
57
148
350
421
______
559
_
589
571
594
__
589
Poland __
270
394
1,030
1,533 _
1,290
1,274
1,298
1,342
___
1,369
Romania ____
19
166
647
_
1,292
__
1,707
___
1,822
2,008
2,091
___
xn
Other
China _
404
1,240
2,443
5,026
9,990
9,860
10,219
11,095
12,260
a Data are for "fertilizer years"-in general, the year begin- b Including Luxembourg.
Wing 1 July. Including some technical nitrogen and anhy- ~ Including some nitrogen for technical purposes.
Brous ammonia exported for further processing.
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Table 132
Phosphate Fertilizer Production, Nutrient Content
1960/61
1965/66
1970/71
1975/76
1980/81
1981/82
1982/83
1983/84
OECD a
7,960
11,300
13,700
13,900
17,900
14,000
14,200
15,500
United States
2,626
4,260
5,369
6,531
9,500 _
6,265
6,618
7,735
Australia
569
940
695
481
800
797
759
678
Canada
210
419
560
610
724
667
581
687
Japan
515
588
665
585
648
580
615
647
Spain
299
317
487
456
497
373
449
383
European Community
3,160
4,010
4,900
3,910
4,210
3,820
.3,820
3,900
Belgium
289
415
745
625 b
590 b
507 n
460 b
450 b
France ~ d
770
1,218
1,451
1,259
1,351
1,278
1,200
1,230
Italy
399
512
510
370
581
493
614
600
West Germany
750
857
946
649
687
560
564
552
Other countries
Brazil
45
61
162
594
1,582
1,187
1,139
1,055
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
1,850
3,470
5,500
8,120
9,080
9,540
9,530
10,000
1VA
USSR
1,192
2,300
3,585
5,511
6,455
6,836
7,057
7,417
7,660
Eastern Europe
658
1,170
1,910
2,610
2,630
2,700
2,470
2,620
NA
Bulgaria
41
94
148
246
217
258
239
204
209
Czechoslovakia ~
147
258
322
398
361
340
335
326
344
East Germany ~
166
232
430
427
370
360
286
315
NA
Hungary
45
117
167
206
149
158
156
167
159
Poland
207
344
599
929
842
866
868
872
869
Romania
52
127
244
404
687
717
590
733
NA
Other
China ~
94
262
330
680
2,310
2,510
2,537
2,660
2,520
Yugoslavia
41
136
126
132
143
144
141
140
116
e Data are for "fertilizer years"-in general, the year begin- ~ Including production of ground phosphate rock for direct
Wing 1 July. application and phosphate animal feeds.
e Including Luxembourg. d Beginning 1 May of the stated year.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 133
Potassium Fertilizer Production, Nutrient Content
1960/61
1965/66
1970/71
1975/76
1980/81
1981/82
1982/83
1983/84
OECD a
5,920
9,130 __
10,300
11,200
15,100
13,100
11,900
14,000
United States
2,045
2,592
_
2,259
2,099
_
2,052
_
1,963
1,639
_
1,469
Canada
0
1,749
3,179
4,842
7,337
6,043
5,379
7,156
Spain
265
404
525
512
691
_
714
702
_
656
European Community
3,600
4,390
4,290
3,760
5,040
_ _
4,420
4,220
_
4,690
France n
1,581
1,877
1,842
1,734
1,933
1,726
1,601
1,685
West Germany=
1,967
2,335
2,293
1,848
2,701
2,286
2,226
2,556
Other countries
__
Israel
92
310
576
712
812
832
946
942
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
2,750
4,300
6,570
11,300
12,000
12,500
12,100
13,300
NA
USSR a
1,084
2,368
4,087
7,944
8,064
8,449
8,079
9,294
9,630
Eastern Europe
1,670
1,930
_
2,490
__
3,400
3,930
4,020
_
4,000
3,980
NA
Czechoslovakia =
0
6
62
_
168
203
206
211
206
NA
East Germany
1,666
1,926 _
2,420
3,019
3,422
3,460
3,434
3
,431
NA
Hungarye
0 _
0
0
63
139
152
142
_
_
140
NA
Poland e
0
0
0
119
105
101
118
111
NA
Romania e
0
0
4
33
57
102
94
89
NA
a Data are for "fertilizer years"-in general, the year begin- =Excluding technical potash.
ning 1 July. Including unidentified double counting of some d Including some potassium for technical purposes.
products used for technical purposes (estimated at 4 percent a Imported potash added to domestically produced nitrogen
to 5 percent of the total). and phosphate to form multinutrient fertilizer.
n Beginning 1 May of the stated year.
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Table 134
Plastics Production
United States a
2,850
5,300
9,660
10,206
12,786
13,532
12,912
14,729
15,364
Japan
556
1,609
5,128
4,373
6,422
5,936
5,986
6,504
7,424
European Community
Belgium
46
120
419
678
1,835
1,940
2,023
2,246
2,390
Italy
346
931
1,567
2,053
2,464
2,154
2,142
2,436
2,760
Netherlands
116
340
795
1,350
1,975
2,393
2,502
2,777
2,641
United Kingdom
566
957
1,463
2,057
2,260
2,051
1,966
1,620
1,700
West Germany
982
1,999
4,321
5,046
6,710
6,600
6,275
7,032
7,400
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
560
1,370
2,860
4,920
7,110
7,670
7,710
8,380
NA
USSR n
312
803
1,670
2,838
3,637
4,089
4,058
4,419
4,800
Eastern Europe
248
571
1,190
2,080
3,470
3,580
3,650
3,960
NA
Bulgaria
7
33
89
156
255
290
337
398
418
Czechoslovakia
64
126
245
428
894
913
956
1,006
1,039
East Germany
115
219
370
605
861
998
990
1,045
1,085
Hungary
10
27
56
124
328
314
326
345
383
Poland
40
91
224
421
549
476
451
535
593
Romania
12
75
206
347
579
584
591
633
NA
Other
China
NA
100
180
330
900
916
1,003
NA
1,160
Yugoslavia
15
57
97
160
438
483
409
505
551
a Dry basis, excluding water, solvents, and other liquid diluents. n Including resins for manmade fibers.
Table 135
Natural Rubber Production
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
India
25.2
49.4
89.9
136.0
155.4
150.7
165.9
168.0
183.9
Indonesia a
620.3
716.5
815.2
822.5
1,020.0
867.5
880.0
997.2
1,115.0
Malaysia b
755.7
917.0
1,269.2
1,459.3
1,530.0
1,510.2
1,494.2
1,563.7
1,528.8
Sri Lanka
98.8
118.3
159.2
148.8
133.2
123.9
126.2
140.0
143.0
Thailand a
170.8
216.4
318.8
355.0
501.1
504.0
552.2
587.2
600.0
a Exports plus estimated consumption.
n Including data for Malaya and Singapore, Sarawak, and Sabah.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 136
Synthetic Rubber Production
Thousan
d metric tons
-- --
1960
_
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
OECD
1,910
2,960
4,550
4,480
5,420
5,310
4,690
5,030
-
5,520
United States
1,459
1,842
2,232
1,990
2,215
2,225
1,817
1,985
2,175
- - -
Canada
--
162
-
206
205
173
253
263
182
182
218
Japan _
23
161
698
789
1,094
1,010
931
1,002
1,161
_
European Community
269
728
1,340
1,410
1,690
1,660
1,620
1,720
1,810
France _
_
17
148
316
350
511
487
479
514
551
Italy
--
67
120
155
200
250
235
210
220
--
215
Netherlands
12
100
200
216
212
211
203
196
207
United Kingdom
92
175
316
261
212
224
244
260
284
West Germany
81
164
302
316
390
397
384
418
438
_ _
Other countries
Brazil
0
39
75
129
249
223
228
221
258
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe _
454
789
1,210
1,880
2,390
2,360
2,300
2,330
2,380
USSR a
347
604
914
1,450
1,880
1,860
1,795
1,812
1,850
Eastern Europe
107
185
295
427
508
505
506
514
527
Bulgaria _
0
0
4
_ 19
30
30
25
25
26
Czechoslovakia
-
0
20
-
50
57
60
63
66
67
71
East Germany b
87
95
--
118
144
150
155
-
155
-
155
152
Poland _
20
39
62
108
]18
111
100
120
119
Romania
__
0
--
31
---
61
99
150
146
160
147
159
a Estimated.
b Including Pervinan and Plastikator.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Manufacturing Goods and Forestry
Pag
Table 137.
Synthetic Fibers Production
172
Table 138.
Electric Generator Production
173
Table 139.
Turbine Production
173
Table 140.
Housing Construction
174
Table 141.
Metalcutting Machine Tool Production
174
Table 142.
Metalforming Machine Tool Production
175
Table 143.
Grain Combine Production
175
Table 144.
Tractor Production
176
Table 145.
Passenger Automobile Production
177
Table 146.
Truck and Bus Production
178
Table 147.
Railroad Freight Car Production
_ _ 179
Table 148.
Rubber Tire Production
180
Table 149.
Cement Production
__ 181
Table 150.
Newsprint Production
182
Table 151.
Plywood Production
183
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Table 137
Synthetic Fibers Production a
a Data are for noncellulosic fibers whether made of natural b "Delivery weight," approximately 3 percent less than
polymers, which are based on materials such as casein or "actual weight," prior to mid-1967. Thereafter, approxi-
groundnuts, or made of synthetic polymers, which are based mately one-half of production is reported as "actual
mostly on coal or petroleum. Data exclude waste, glass weight."
fibers, and rubber fibers.
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Table 138
Electric Generator Production a
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
19254
12,899
15,451
27,565
30,496
21,122
15,435
9,986
12,000
xn
7,900
14,390
10,578
17,100
16,100
13,900
12,700
12,600
13,700
29
13
37
32
71
202
228
85
xn
1,391
888
1,487
1,474
879
1,404
1,189
869
xn
357
416
473
752
487
161
428
NA
NA
83
295
747
1,479
1,111
772
929
606
NA
NA
800
2 300
NA
4,193
1,395
1,677
2,728
4,650
a Turbogenerators and hydrogenerators. Production of diesel
generators is believed to be negligible in most instances.
n Shipments of units of 4,000 kilowatts and larger.
Table 139
Turbine Production a
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are for steam and hydrau-
lic turbines. Most production of turbines is for use in
matched sets with generators for production of electricity. In
addition, turbines are produced in single units for many
purposes, including direct industrial drives, marine propul-
sion, and pipeline transmission.
Generators for steam and gas turbines only.
n Thousand kilovolt amperes.
n Shipments of units of 4,000 kilowatts and larger. Data are ~ Including a number of gas turbines.
available only for turbines produced in integral units togeth- n Steam turbines only.
er with generators. Therefore, data for turbines and genera- a Steam turbines of more than 500 kilowatts only.
tors for the United States are assumed to be the same. Some
turbines are produced in single units, but no data are
available on this production.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 140
Housing Construction e
a Total housing space, which includes living rooms, bed-
rooms, dining area, and auxiliary space such as bathrooms,
kitchens, closets, and inside hallways.
b Excluding mobile homes.
Table 141
Metalcutting Machine Tool Production a
1960
1965
1970
1975
145.4
159.5
152.3
161.6
109.6
97.6
106.0
109.9
United States b 42.91
Communist countries
USSR 155.92
Eastern Europe
30.23
41.90
Hungary 9.78
Poland 22 47
Romania 4.44
Other
a Power-driven metalcutting machines that are not portable honing., lappngrgrinding; ele~~roeresion, ar~d~ltrasan}c
by hand and are used to remove metal in the form of chips; cutting machines.
these machines include lathes and planers and milling, b Average value of $1,000 and over for 1960-75 and begin-
ning in 1980, $2,500 and over.
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1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
68.01
49.31
64.32
61.37
72.01
49.10
35.40
34
45
.
186.13
202.16
231.35
216.00
205.00
195.00
190.00
188
00
.
8.06
13.94
16.28
18.87
18.67
17.90
15.12
15
04
24.33
35.19
29.66
36.90
34.70
37.10
35.40
.
33
70
24.77
22.22
19.72
17.50
16.80
18.00
20.40
.
23
10
13.8 5
14.48
12.8 3
10.20
10.90
13.10
12.8 0
.
12
5 4
31.13
29.73
33.19
28.20
30.50
32.20
37.40
.
37
80
7.16
14.14
28.27
29.40
36.70
37.90
59.00
.
63
00
.
40.00
140.00
175.00
134.00
103.00
100.00
118.00
131.40
1980
--
1981
1982
1983
1984
181.5
--
153.6
--
-
120.6
_
171.6
185.3
105.0
106.4
107.9
_-
112.4
113.7
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Table 142
Metalforming Macbine Tool Production a
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
19254
19.3
25.3
24.2
26.8
30.3
21.7
18.3
31.5
34.1
29.9
34.6
41.3
50.5
57.2
57.1
57.3
57.4
55.3
a Power-driven metalforming machine tools that are not b Average value of $1,000 and over for 1960-75 and begin-
supported in the hands of an operator when in use and are Wing in 1980, $2,500 and over.
designed to press, forge, emboss, hammer, extrude, blank,
spin, shear, and bend metal into shape.
Table 143
Grain Combine Production a
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1981
1982
1983
lyiS4
d States n
it
U
30,165
37,606
21,017
31,259
28,502
32,062
22,726
13,673
NA
n
e
munist Countries
C
om
USSR and Eastern Europe
67,000
94,200
103,000
108,000
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
USSR
59,000
85,800
99,200
97,500
117,000
106,000
112,000
118,000
118,000
stern Europe
E
8,040
8,380
4,230
10,800
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
a
East Germany
1,972
1,585
900
1,500
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Poland
564
1,781
2,155
3,591
4,593
4,255
4,500
4,600
4,800
Romania
5,500
5,012
1,179
5,659
4,890
6,017
4,800
5,094
NA
a Tractor-drawn and self-propelled.
b Shipments.
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Table 144
Tractor Production a
_ United States 178.5 271.8 191.7 232.0
155.4
149.8
80.8
51
9
66
6
Japan xn xn 33.8 b 207.3
203.0
178.8
179.4
.
171.0
.
201
4
European Community
.
-
China
Yugoslavia
e Excluding garden-type tractors.
b Data are for 1971.
Shipments.
a Excluding single-axle tractors.
308
443
569
697
728
721
724
741
753
238.5
354.5
458.5
550.4
555.0
559.0
_
555.0
564.0
571
0
70.0
88.2
111
147
173
162
169
177
.
lg2
0
3.8
3.5
5.1
6.8
6.6
_
6.2
5.9
5
8
32.5
32.1
18.5
29.6
33.4
32.1
33.5
34.2
.
34
2
9.1
12.9
16.4
4.0
4.4
4.3
4.4
3
7
.
2
1
2.6
3.0
1.9
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.3
.
0
4
.
0
1
8.7
20.6
41.0
57.6
57.5
50.5
_
53.0
.
55.5
.
58
8
17.1
15.8
29.3
50.0
70.9
68.1
_
71.8
77.1
.
80
8
.
10.8
13.7
24.0
xn
98.0
53.0
40.0
37
0
39
7
7.3
7.4
12.0
33.2
50.7
54.7
52.3
.
55.9
.
59.7
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 145
Passenger Automobile Production
a Factory sales. Starting in 1980 excluding passenger vans.
n Excluding production for the armed forces.
Including vehicles assembled from imported parts.
a Excluding special passenger cars.
e Including jeeps.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03: CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 146
Truck and Bus Production a
2,272
1,667
1,701
1,906
2
414
3
075
379
528
520
468
,
554
,
810
2,376
4,006
4,206
3,857
3
966
4
037
113
_
146
127
102
,
31
,
30
1,120
1,460
1,200
1,140
1,180
1
050
_
336
505
473
446
457
,
410
109
__
167
_
175
_
156
_
179
140
380
389
229
269
245
224
288
380
_
312
258
283
264
395
516
34]
346
320
NA
6
NA
33
46
38
40
13
29
85
67
_
_
39
36
133
222
_
10
19
12
21
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are for light and heavy a Excluding production for the armed forces.
trucks, wheeled tractors for road haulage, special vehicles, a Excluding wheeled tractors.
and buses. ~ Excluding buses, jeeps, and three-wheel trucks.
~ Data include complete units exported for assembly.
Factory sales, including passenger vans starting in 1980.
NA
NA
NA
NA
46
47
46
47
_
41
41
41
41
_
29
_
29
32
29
53
48
52
55
NA
_
NA
NA
NA
176 196 240 315
13 14 15 16
__
20 20 16 16
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Table 147
Railroad Freight Car Production a
e Units of two, four, or more axles. Most production now
consists of four-axle units.
b Shipments.
Four wheelers only.
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Table 148
Rubber Tire Production a
Czechoslovakia
2,387
2,995
3,933
5,945
6,740
6,844
6,198
6,217
6,500
East Germany
2,714
3,750
4,692
6,272
7,067
7,026
7,051
7,380
7,764
Hungary
551
921
1,090
1,013
840
838
735
735
794
Poland
1,862
2,818
4,516
6,644
8,020
6,134
5,322
6,695
NA
Romania
351
1,329
2,508
3,786
5,046
5,170
5,445
5,346
5,882
Other
China
NA
2,300
4,200
7,000
11,000
7,300
8,640
12,710
15,345
Cuba
325
197
202
368
387
326
218
353
449
Yugoslavia
391
955
2,763
5,110
9,584
10,512
9,388
9,423
9,858
e Unless otherwise indicated, data are for all motor vehicle
tires, excluding aircraft and bicycle tires.
n Excludes motorcycle tires after 1975.
Excluding motorcycle tires.
c Excluding motorcycle, tractor, and agricultural tires.
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Table 149
Cement Production e
Eastern Europe
22.9
31.8
42.1
58.1
66.0
61.9
62.0
61.4
62.6
Bulgaria
1.59
2.68
3.67
4.36
5.36
5.45
5.62
5.64
5.71
Czechoslovakia
5.05
5.71
7.40
9.30
10.55
10.64
10.32
10.50
10.53
East Germany
5.03
6.09
7.98
10.66
12.44
12.20
11.72
11.78
11.56
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Table 150
Newsprint Production
OECD
12,700
15,100
18,800
17,400
22,000
22,800
21,300
21,900
23,500
United States
1,818
1,978
3,035
3,153
4,239
4,753
4,574
4,688
5,025
Australia
90
95
173
196
222
215
364
376
378
Canada
6,068
7,003
7,996
7,056
8,621
8,946
8,117
8,495
9,016
Finland
781
1,213
1,305
1,028
1,430
1,556
1,297
1,285
1,538
Japan
732
1,184
1,917
2,160
2,674
2,575
2,580
2,562
2,554
New Zealand
91
199
214
219
319
323
322
NA
NA
Norway
226
308
554
436
588
696
662
704
839
Sweden
582
679
1,030
1,188
1534
1,592
1,322
1,363
1,507
European Community
2,030
2,090
2,170
1,510
1,780
1,560
1,450
1,450
1,680
France
551
450
430
256
260
246
248
217
270
Italy
259
379
311
240
271
234
198
193
206
United Kingdom
753
780
757
316
364
113
86
79
220
West Germany
230
216
408
482
593
670
662
660
694
-----
Other countries
South Africa
0
54
160
210
226
302
362
240
xA
South Korea
27
45
102
107
214
236
212
208
216
Communist countries
and Eastern Europe
USSR
678
1,050
1,420
1,660
1,920
1,910
1,870
1,880
xA
_ _ _ _ _ _
__
USSR
434
744
1,101
1,361
1,535
1,532
1,508
1,528
1,552
Eastern Europe
244
303
319
300
380
379
361
348
NA
Czechoslovakia
34
78
81
77
70
76
79
68
72
East Germany
89
94
97
96
116
118
113
106
xA
Poland
- -
---
77
79 --~
_
-_ 88 --
83
91
82
78
83
84
__
_
Romania
44
52
53
44
103
103
91
91
xA
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Table 151
Plywood Production
Eastern Europe
333
506
558
658
684
646
NA
NA
NA
Bulgaria
64
81
71
65
56
53
57
55
53
Czechoslovakia
46
55
57
113
137
136
152
146
NA
East Germany
60
67
73
78
82
76
76
77
NA
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Agriculture
Page
Table 152.
Total Grain Production
186-187
Table 153.
___
Wheat Production
igg
Table 154.
Coarse Grain Production
189
Table 155.
_
Rice Production
190
Table 156.
Potato Production
191
Table 157.
Sugar Production
192
Table 158.
Fish Catch
193
Table 159.
Cattle Numbers
194
Table 160.
Hog Numbers
195
Table 161.
Meat Production
196
Table 162.
Milk Production
197
Table 163.
Wool Production
198
Table 164.
Ginned Cotton Production
199
Table 165.
Mineral Fertilizer Consumption
200-201
Table 166.
Nitrogen Fertilizer Consumption
202
Table 167.
Phosphate Fertilizer Consumption
203
Table 168.
Potassium Fertilizer Consumption
204
Table 169.
Grain Yields
205
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Table 152
Total Grain Production a
Australia
10.81
9.68
12.86
17.73
16.36
23.55
14.05
30.93
28.02
Canada
25.39
30.56
26.47
35.26
39.81
49.32
51.78
46.42
41.81 _
Japan
20.18
18.24
17.00
17.60
13.17
13.80
13.98
14.04
16.00
New Zealand
0.38
0.47
0.58
0.65
0.75
0.79
0.71
0.72
0.94
South Africa
6.52
6.19
8.06
11.50
13.02
17.74
11.15
6.13
7.20
Spain
7.27
8.86
10.30
14.20
18.64
11.57
13.14
13.82
20.90
Turkey
12.12
12.63
15.66
21.91
24.21
25.28
26.06
24.04
25.56
European Community
71.1
84.1
90.3
100
125
122
131
124
150
France
23.02
29.05
31.29
35.12
47.36
44.50
48.19
46.16
57.15
Italy
11.98
14.52
16.15
17.15
17.99
18.46
18.33
17.82
20.04
United Kingdom
9.46
13.62
13.01
13.82
19.42
19.58
21.87
21.45
26.27
_
West Germany
15.06
13.47
16.07
20.08
22.41
22.24
23.90
22.54
26.02
Other countries
Argentina
12.57
16.54
19.66
22.79
18.27
29.71
34.08
30.57
31_24
Bangladesh
14.57
15.82
16.86
19.28
21.66
21.55
22.29
22.85
21.90
Brazil
14.61
19.66
22.78
26.19
33.19
32.00
33.71
29.08
32.46
Colombia
1.56
1.81
1.67
2.83
3.24
3.34
3.54
3.29
3.20
Egypt
5.43
6.14
6.62
7.36
7.52
7.59
7.93
8.08
7.79
India
78.97
73.06
101.80
117.35
131.15
137.45
127.52
154.10
156.48
Indonesia
15.35
15.42
22.15
25.26
33.65
37.29
36.82
40.33
41.50
Mexico
7.36
11.32
14.99
16.62
21.11
25.53
20.20
22.41
26.41
Pakistan
6.24
4.46
11.75
12.82
16.86
17.96
17.86
19.05
17.57
Peru
1.13
1.19
1.32
1.48
1.14
1.62
1.58
].44
1.78
Thailand
8.38
12.26
15.47
18.39
20.60
21.50
20.12
22.41
23.57
Venezuela
0.51
0.72
0.86
1.09
1.55
1.48
1.45
1.26
1.46
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Table 152 (continued)
Total Grain Production a
Eastern Europe a 47.2 53.3 55.1 73.1 80.7 79.6 88.9 84.7 96.7
Bulgaria e
North Korea
Vietnam
Yugoslavia
a Data are for the following products, where they are
produced: barley, corn, oats, rice, rye, sorghum, and wheat.
n Including miscellaneous grains and pulses. Measured in
bunker weight, that is, gross output from the combine which
includes excess moisture, unripe and damaged kernels, weed
seeds, and other trash. For comparison with US or other
country grain output, an average discount of 11 percent
should be applied.
xn xn 11.50 14.40 15.10 16.20 16.80 17.30
10.58 11.61 15.01 15.65 15.23 17.41 17.24 18.10
United States Department of Agriculture estimates. n Data reflect only government collections of corn and rice;
a Including miscellaneous grains. total production of grains is somewhat higher.
e Including pulses. ~ Including corn, manioc, sweet potatoes, and soybeans on a
rData reflect only rice production. paddy-equivalent basis (1 ton paddy=0.63 tons of grain or
s Including soybeans, broad beans, and field peas. Tubers rice).
are included on a grain equivalent basis of 5 metric tons of
tubers to 1 metric ton of grain.
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Table 153
Wheat Production
Canada
14.11
17.67
9.02
17.08
19.29
24.80
26.79
26.92
21.20
Spain
3.52
4.72
4.13
4.30
6.04
3.41
4.41
4.33
6.04
Turkey
7.00
7.43
10.08
14.83
16.55
17.00
__17.54
16.40 _
17.20
European Community
29.5
37.3
36.7
40.2
55.1
54.4
59.9
58.3
76.1
France
11.01
14.76
12.92
15.01
23.68
22.86
25.34
24.78
32.88
Italy
6.79
9.78
9.69
9.61
9.16
8.83
8.90 _
8.51
10.00
United Kingdom
3.04
4.17
4.24
4.49
8.47
8.71
10.32
10.88
14.90
West Germany
4.82
4.22
5.66
7.01
8.16
8.31
8.63
9.00
10.20
Other countries
Argentina
4.20
6.08
4.92
8.57
7.78
8.30
15.13
11.70
13.00
India
10.32
12.26
20.09
24.10
31.83
36.31
37.45
42.50
45.15
Iran
2.60
2.90
4.26
5.57
_6.00
6.52
6.50
6.67
6_00
Pakistan
3.91
4.59
7.29
7.67
10.86
11.47
11.30
12.41
1 ].OS
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
77.3
78.2
119
90.3
127
106
115
108
111
USSR a
64.30
59.69
99.73
66.22
98.18
80.00 b
86.00 n
79.00 b
75.00 b
Eastern Europe
13.0
18.6
19.1
24.1
29.1
26.0
29.0
29.4
35.6
Bulgaria
2.38
2.92
3.03
3.00
3.85
4.44
4.91
3.61
4.88
Czechoslovakia
1.50
1.99
3.17
4.20
5.39
4.32
4.61
5.82
6.70
East Germany
1.46
1.80
2.13
2.74
3.10
2.94
2.74
3.55
4.06
Hungary
1.77
2.45
2.72
4.01
6.08
4.61
5.76
5.99
7.30
Poland
2.30
3.34
4.61
5.21
4.18
4.20
4.48
5.19
6.00
Romania
3.55
6.06
3.40
4.91
6.47
5.47
6.51
5.25
6.70
Other
_
China
22.17
25.22
29.18
45.31
54.16
58.49
b8.42
81.39
87,b8-
Yugoslavia
3.57
3.46
3.79
4.40
5.09
4.27
5.22
5.52
5.80
a Measured in bunker weight, that is, gross output from the with US or other country grain output, an average discount
combine which includes excess moisture, unripe and dam- of 11 percent should be applied.
aged kernels, weed seeds, and other trash. For comparison n United States Department of Agriculture estimates.
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Table 154
Coarse Grains Production a
_ Spain _
3.39
3.80
5.79
9.52
12.17
7.71
8.33
9.26
14.42
Turkey
4.95
5.05
5.34
6.84
7.42
7.96
8.52
7.60
8.36
European Community
40.9
46.1
52.6
58.8
68.7
67.0
70.4
63.7
73.0
Denmark c
3.94
5.17
5.58
5.69
6.40
6.43
6.77
4.85
6.83
France
11.90
14.20
18.28
20.07
23.65
21.62
22.83
21.41
24.27
Italy
4.57
4.23
5.64
6.53
7.87
8.73
8.36
8.29
9.01
United Kingdom
6.42
9.44
8.77
9.33
10.95
10.87
11.56
10.57
11.37
West Germany
10.25
9.25
10.41
13.07
14.25
13.93
15.27
13.54
15.82
Other countries
Argentina
8.22
10.30
14.34
13.87
10.23
21.12
18.64
17.99
17.77
Brazil
9.10
11.44
14.29
16.62
20.71
21.56
22.15
19.06
21.61
India
16.64
14.87
18.31
19.90
19.01
21.25
19.30
21.72
21.34
Mexico
5.84
8.96
11.91
13.10
17.86
21.70
15.22
18.53
21.51
South Africa
5.76
5.06
6.67
9.70
11.55
15.40
8.73
4.36
5.04
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
95.2
95.4
122
121
140
124
145
154
145
USSR ~ e
61.08
60.79
85.78
71.88
88.30
72.00 a
86.00 a
99.00 a
84.00 e
Eastern Europe
34.1
34.7
35.8
48.8
51.4
51.9
59.7
55.0
61.2
Bulgaria
2.56
2.39
3.81
4.81
3.89
4.12
5.18
4.39
4.50
Czechoslovakia
3.34
3.24
4.03
5.08
5.31
5.08
5.67
5.22
5.30
East Germany ~
4.92
4.93
4.32
6.17
6.53
5.92
7.28
6.52
7.70
Hungary
5.08
4.94
4.85
8.13
7.86
8.19
9.07
7.70
8.40
Poland ~
12.00
12.67
11.64
14.35
14.16
15.52
16.69
16.93
18.40
Romania
6.22
6.49
7.17
10.29
13.69
13.04
15.78
14.27
16.90
Other
Cuba ~
0.10
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
NA
NA
Yugoslavia
7.34
7.10
7.79
10.57
10.52
10.92
12.15
12.46
12.30
e Data are for the following products, where they are n Measured in bunker weight, that is, gross output from the a United States Department of Agriculture estimates.
produced: barley, corn, oats, rye, and sorghum. combine, which includes excess moisture, unripe and dam- tCorn only. Data reflect government collections only. Total
b Excluding corn. aged kernels, weed seeds, and other trash. For comparison production is somewhat higher.
Unless otherwise indicated, data include miscellaneous with US or other country grain output, an average discount
grains. of 11 percent should be applied.
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Table 155
Rice Production a
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980 1
981 1
982 1
983 1
984
OECD
_
United States
2,477
3,460
3,801
5,826
6,629
8,289
6,969
4,523
6,267
Japan
] 6,072
15,515
15,861
17,097
12,189
12,824
12,838
12,958
14,850
European Community
779
712
985
1,150
1,080
991
1,120
1,140
NA
Italy
622
509
819
1,010
968
893
1,008
1,021
1,027
Other countries
_
___ _
____
___
Bangladesh
_ _ _
14,522
_
15,751
16,733
19,582
20,821
20,444
21,322
21,751_
20,700
Brazil
__
_
5,392
5,802
5,394
7,782
9,776
8,228
9,716
7,750
9,023
Burma
6,850
8,258
8,162
9,208
13,317
14,147
14,373
14,392
14,500
India
52,011
45,982
63
,401
73,352
80,312
79,883
70,772
89,579
90,000
Indonesia
14,953
15,063
_
19,324
22,340
29,652
32,774
33,584
35,237
37,500
South Korea
4,151
4,770
5,471
6,485
5,311
7,149
7,308
7,608
7,970
Thailand
9,475
10,978
13,570
15,300
17,368
17,774
16,878
18,535
19,200 _
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
313
683
1,460
2,210
2,920
2,580
2,670
2,900
3,000
USSR
187
583
1,279
2,009
2,791
2,400 n
2,400 b
2,700 b _
2,800 b
Ea
stern Europe
-
126
-
100
-
176
206
130
178
169
205
195
Bulgaria
32
33
-_ _ __ _
66
68
67
74
75
74
70
Hungary
45
21
45
69
24
_
39
_
48
47
50
Romania
49
46
65
69
39
49
46
84
75
Othe
r
Cambodia
NA
NA
NA
NA
1,600
1,600
_
1,900
1,800
-- --
1,600
-
China
59,730
87,720
109,990
125,560
139,255
143,205
161,240 _
168,870
178,090
Cuba
306
50
291
338
352
329
372
NA
NA
Laos
NA
NA
800
NA
1,100
1,200
1,100 _
1,100
1,300
North Korea
1,100
1,300
_
1,400
2,100
1,500
2,400
2,500
2,600
2,700
Vietnam n
4,212
4,600
4,500
4,500
11,700
12,500
13,780 _
14,800
14,900
Yugostavia
22
25
32
33
42
42
42
43
43
e Rough, or paddy, rice. Data refer to crops harvested in the
last half of the year stated, combined with crops harvested in
the first half of the following year.
b US Department of Agriculture estimates.
Milled rice. Data reflect government collection only.
c Prior to 1980, data for North Vietnam.
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Table 156
Potato Production
11.68
_ __ 13.14 _
_1_4.78
14.60
13.74
15.36
15.96
15.14
16.27
3.81
2.54
2.70
1.58
1.26
1.31
1.12
1.02
_
1.02
West Germany
24.54
18.09
16.25
10
.85
7.93
8.42
7.82
6.09
7.40
Other countries
_
Argentina
2.07
2.49
2.34
1.35
1.57
2.25
1.82
2.01
1.99
India
2.75
3.60
3.91
_
6.22
8.33
_
9.60
9.91
10.11
11.00
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
149
152
169
151
111
135
129
135
142
USSR
84.37
88.68
96.78
88.70
67.02
72.14
78.18
82.90
85.30
Eastern Europe
64.3
63.4
72.4
62.0
43.7
62.6
50.9
52.1
56.4
Bulgaria
0.48
0.28
0.37
0.32
0.30
0.40
0.47
0.43
0.42
Czechoslovakia
5.09
3.68
4.79
3.56
2.70
3.74
3.61
3.18
3.70
East Germany
14.82
12.86
13.05
7.67
9.21
10.38
8.88
7.06
8.00
Hungary
3.00
1.76
1.81
1.27
0.94
1.11
0.97
0.79
_
1.00
Poland
37.90
42.66
50.30
46.43
26.39
42.56
31.95
34.47
37.40
Romania
3.01
2.19
_
2.06
2.72
4.13
4.45
5.01
6.21
5.90
Other
__
China
NA
1_00.00
NA
xn
139.22
1
24.98
133.40
146.25
151.30
Cuba a __
0.02
__ 0.08
_
0.08
_
0.12
__
0.21
__
0.25
0.22
NA
NA
Yugoslavia
3.27
2.38
_
2.96
2.39
2.58
2.77
2.64
2.59
2.80
a Data reflect government collections only; the total produc-
tion is considerably higher.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 157
Sugar Production a
United States b
3,637
4,871
5,327
5,955 ~
5,313 ~
5,789 ~
5,418 ?
5,215 ?
5,287
Australian
1,441
2,073
2,507
2,930
3,415
3,509
3,652
3,256
3,627
European Community
7,630
7,840
8,770
10,400
13,000
16,000
14,700
11,700
13,100
France
2,267
2,483
2,580
2,981
4,253
5,576
4,825
3,875
4,340
Italy
998
1,242
1,199
1,429
1,934
2,207
1,282
1,352
1,370
United Kingdom
860
967
925
724
1,202
1,187
1,544
1,185
1,360
West Germany
1,877
1,634
2,100
2,571
2,994
3,702
3,586
2,725
3,060
Other countries n
Brazil
3,319
4,614
5,019
6,299
8,270
8,726
8,941
9,555
9,259
India
2,814
3,493
4,634
5,048
4,528
5,991
9,126
8,452
6,029
Mexico
1,530
2,120
2,402
2,636
2,719
2,642
2,739
3,076
3,226
Philippines
1,398
1,659
1,980
2,672
2,332
2,376
2,709
2,112
1,979
South Africa
952
1,014
1,649
1,968
1,780
1,987
2,371
1,584
2,276
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe a
11,100
16,200
15,200
16,000
14,900
15,000
18,000
18,500
NA
USSR
6,916
11,997
11,110
11,285
11,008
10,316
13,120
13,472
13,587
E
astern Europe
4,170
4,170
4,140
4,730
3,920
4,650
4,880
5,020
NA
Bulgaria
186
342
403
343
371
440
434
476
NA
Czechoslovakia
958
874
951
913
841
671
768
769
NA
East Germany
739
618
587
793
750
891
974
920
NA
Hungaryr
381
428
280
308
468
490
459
477
407
Poland
1,484
1,505
1,509
1,857
982
1,550
1,649
1,823
NA
Romania
425
402
410
516
509
609
596
556
805
Oth
er
_
_
China n
NA
NA
NA
NA
2,570
3,166
3,384
3,771
3,740
Cuba s
5,942
6,156
8,538
6,314
6,665
7,359
8,207
7,224
NA
Yugoslavia
243
363
385
571
709
791
683
772
891
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are for beet sugar pro- and beet sugar produced by the centrifugal process and is n Cane sugar only.
duced in the calendar year. Data are given in terms of the the principal type of sugar moving in international trade. ? Including raw cane sugar imported for refining.
raw value of centrifugal sugar. Refined sugar is equal to n Including cane sugar. r White sugar equivalent.
approximately 92 percent of raw sugar weight. Centrifugal, ~ Including Puerto Rico. s Raw cane sugar of 96? polarization. Data are for crop years
as distinguished from noncentrifugal, sugar includes cane ending 30 June of the stated year.
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Table 158
Fish Catch a
3,890
6,400
8,810
11,700
10,8011
11,000
10,900
11,300
NA
3,541
5,774
7,828
10,357
9,359
9,526
9,600
10,000
9,900
349
624
978
1,350
1,400
1,440
1,330
1,300
NA
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are in terms of live weight n Including aquatic mammals.
for all species of fish and seaweed, crustaceans, and mol-
lusks, but exclude aquatic mammals.
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Table 159
Cattle Numbers a
Turkey b
14.30
14.41
14.37
14.41
16.61
16.92
16.98
17.10
17.20
European Community
66.7
69.2
73.9
80.6
78.0_
78.3 _
77.9
78.8
79.4
France
18.74
20.24
21.72
24.33
23.55
23.60
23.49
23.66
23.52
_
Italy e
9.40
9.23
9.61
8.24
8.81
8.84
8.90
9.13
9.22
United Kingdom
11.48
11.69
12.30
14.84
13.32
13.06
12.96
13.16
13.13
West Germany
12.48
13.05
14.29
14.43
15.05
15.07
15.00
15.10
15.55
Other countries
__
Argentina
43.52
46.79
52.26
58.70
58.94
58.81
57.95
58.00
58.60
Brazil b
72.89
84.25
78.45
91.00
91.00
93.00
93.00
93.00
93.30
Colombia
15.00
17.00
20.20
23.22
24.23
24.40
24.23
24.00
23.86
Ethiopia
22.45
25.42
26.23
25.88
26.00
26.10 _
26.20 _ .
_26.30
26.00
Mexico
17.41
_ _
21.08
24.88
28.40
33.00
34.00
34.70
33.87
33.92
South Africa
12.30
12.44
10.13
12.33
13.58
13.20
13.36
13.09
12.90
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
99.4 _ 1
14 _ 1
24 1
42 1
48 1
47
148
149
152
USSR
74.23
87.17
95.16 1
09.12 1
15.06 1
15.06
115.90
117.20
119.60
Eastern Europe
25.2
27.2
28.5
32.5
32.9 .
32.3
32.4
31.8
32.5
_ _
Bulgaria
1.28
_
1.47
1.26
1.55
1.79
1.80
1.81 _
1.78
1.75
Czechoslovakia
4.30
4.44
4.22
4.57
4.92
5.00
5.10
5.13
5.19
East Germany
4.46
4.68 _
5.19 _
5.58
5.60
5.72
5.75
5.69
_5.77
Hungary
2.00
1.94
1.93
2.02
1.95
1.92
1.95
1.92
1.91
Poland
8.70
9.95
10.84
12.82
12.16
11.34
1].47
11.02
11.09
Romania
4.45
4.76 __
5.04
5.98
6.51
6.49
6.30
6.25
6.75
Other
_
_ _ _ _
_ _
China ~
___
73.36
84.21
94.36
96.86
95.25
97.64
101.13
103.50
108.30 _
Yugoslavia
5.30
5.16
5.03
5.81
5.44
5.47
5.35
5.35
5.34
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are as of the beginning of n Including buffalo.
the year. ~ Cattle, buffalo, oxen, horses, and camels.
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Table 160
Hog Numbers a
Million head
1
960 1
965 1
970 1
975 1
980 1
981 1
982 1
983 1
984
OECD
.-
United States
59.03
56.11
57.05
54.69
67.35
64.46
58.70
54.53
56.69
Canada
6.05
5.60
6.56
5.90
9.69
10.19
10.04
10.07
10.74
Japan
1.92
3.98
6.34
7.68
10.00
10.06
10.04
10.27
10.42
Spain
6.03
4.02
6.92
7.86
11.26
10.98
10.70
11.68
12.12
European Community
45.6
56.0
65.8
70.4
77.1 _ _
78.1
78.5
79.1
79.4
Denmark
6.20
8.20
8.35
8.05
9.53
9.70
9.78
9.50
9.02
France
8.36
9.04
10.46
12.03
11.44
11.66
11.80
11.67
11.27
Italy
4.15
5.41
9.22
8.81
8.81
8.93
9.02
9.13
9.19
Netherlands
2.82
3.69
5.47
7.14
9.75
10.09
10.19
10.59
11.01
United Kingdom
6.01
7.94
8.13
8.84
7.79
7.77
7.91
8.21
7.77
West Germany
14.87
18.15
19.32
20.23
22.37
22.55
22.31
22.48
23.45
Other countries
_
Brazil
46.82
58.70
35.60
35.20
36.50
35.00
33.50
33.50
33.00
Mexico
6.08
8.53
10.30
11.70
16.89
16.48
17.15
16.46
13.14
Philippines
6.57
6.94
6.46
6.60
7.93
7.56
7.59
7.98
7.61
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
92.6
97.2
97.9
132
138
137
137
139
143
USSR
53.37
52.84
56.06
72.27
73.90
73.38
73.30
76.70
78.70
Eastern Europe
39.2
44.4
41.9
60.2
63.8
63.2
63.8
62.2
63.9
Bulgaria
2.27
2.61
1.97
3.42
3.83
3.81
3.84
3.77
3.73
Czechoslovakia
5.69
6.14
5.53
6.72
7.59
7.89
7.30
7.13
7.07
East Germany n
8.28
8.76
9.24
11.52
12.13
12.87
12.87
12.11
13.06
Hungary
6.07
7.04
5.70
8.29
8.37
8.33
8.30
9.04
9.84
Poland
12.62
13.78
13.45
21.71
20.98
18.73
19.08
17.56
15.85
Romania
4.30
6.03
5.97
8.57
10.89
11.54
12.46
12.64
14.35
Other
China 1
20.04 1
52.47 1
72.51
260.78
319.71
305.43
293.70
300.78
306.09
Cuba ~
NA
1.75
0.26
0.60
0.72
0.79
0.80
NA
NA
Yugoslavia
6.21
6.99
5.54
7.68
7.50
7.87
8.43
8.37
9.33
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are as of the beginning of ~ State sector only.
the year.
b As of 30 November of the previous year.
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Table 161
Meat Production a
Canada
1,100
1,340
2,053
2,156
2,445
2,433
2,406
2,430
2,436
Japan
318 ~
589 ~
1,398
2,072
3,002
2,987
3,109
3,194
3,325
Spain
554 ~
599 ~
1,255
1,853
2,312
2,457
2,530
2,495
2,596
European Community
10,300
11,600
16,400
18,600
22,000
22,100
22,000
22,500
22,900
France
2,646 ~
2,836 ~
3,814
4,357
5,011
5,208
5,070
5,075
5,117
Italy
1,011 ~
1,083 ~
2,054
2,360
2,965
2,994
3,326
3,432
3,461
United Kingdom
1,719
2,018
2,604
2,852
3,073
3,010
2,991
3,115
3,191
West Germany
2,694 ~
3,074 ~
3,749
3,956
5,114
5,014
5,004
5,053
5,196
Other countries
Argentina
2,277 ~
2,445 ~
3,188
3,103
3,640
3,773
3,372
3,228
3,312
Brazil
1,767 ~
2,039 ~
3,015
3,569
4,472
4,648
5,038
5,042
5,108
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe a
13,900
16,100
19,300
24,600
25,700
25,400
25,300
26,600
27,000
USSR
8,682
9,956
12,278
14,968
15,073
15,240
15,362
16,450
16,700
Eastern Europe
5,260
6,170
7,000
9,660
10,700
10,200
9,930
10,100
10,300
Bulgaria
307
464
476
657
781
794
807
837
849
a Data are on a carcass weight, bone-in basis, and are for
beef, veal, buffalo, pork, mutton, lamb, goat, and poultry
where they are produced. Unless otherwise indicated, data
exclude horsemeat, rabbit, game, edible offal, and lard.
b Non-Communist country data include meat from animals
imported for slaughter.
Including horsemeat.
a Data are on a slaughter weight, bone-in basis, and include
horsemeat, rabbit, game, edible offal, and slaughter fats in
addition to the meats listed in footnote a above. Slaughter
weight is roughly 3 percent less than carcass weight because
it excludes kidney and leaf fat. As a result of this broader
coverage, the meat producton data for the USSR and
Eastern Europe are above the level attained if the coverage
was limited to that shown for other countries.
e Data are for pork, beef, and mutton.
~ Data are for deboned beef, pig bellies, and fresh poultry for
state production only.
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Table 162
Milk Production a
United States
53,702
56,324
53,268
52,314
58,298
60,223
61,464
63,354
61,436
Australia
6,355
6,969
7,712
6,677
5,562
5,324
5,410
5,673
6,087
Canada
8,385
8,328
8,272
7,751
7,855
8,005
8,258
8,019
8,069
Japan
1,887
3,221
4,760
4,963
6,505
6,620
6,750
7,036
7,140
New Zealand
5,318
6,232
5,907
-
6,142
--
6,833
6,677
6,775
6,879
7,637
European Community
83,900
89,000
91,700
98,600
104,000
105,000
108,000
112,000
109,000
Denmark
5,399
5,367
4,630
4,918
5,117
5,037
5,217
5,427
5,236
France
22,652
26,771
27,245
29,686
26,859
26,795
27,358
27,905
27,877
Italy
9,648
9,184
8,936
9,385
10,749
10,637
10,800
10,580
10,700
Netherlands
6,838
7,142
8,239
10,221
11,785
12,147
12,708
13,231
12,740
United Kingdom
12,670
11,386
12,374
13,934
15,958
15,857
16,745
17,300
16,265
West Germany
19,250
21,253
21,856
21,604
24,778
24,858
25,465
26,913
26,000
Other countries
Argentina
4,530
4,667
4,196
5,650
5,301
5,274
5,652
5,300
5,200
Brazil
5,045
6,194
7,722
9,970
10,265
10,500
10,100
10,700
10,500
India
NA
NA
7,630
9,750
13,500
14,000
14,900
16,000
16,300
Mexico
2,473
4,121
3,053
4,980
6,742
9,706
9,783
9,573
7,408
Spain
NA
3,993
4,456
5,138
5,871
5,881
5,947
6,070
6,270
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
89,500
102,000
117,000
128,000
131,000
128,000
129,000
137,000
NA
USSR n
61,718
72,563
83,016
90,804
90,899
88,874
91,044
96,450
97,600
Eastern Europe
27,800
29,500
33,700
37,600
40,600
39,100
38,300
40,900
NA
Bulgaria
745
1,000
1,252
1,436
1,830
1,890
1,984
2,062
2,103
Czechoslovakia
3,830
3,924
4,795
5,463
5,909
5,929
5,929
6,557
7,140
East Germany ~
5,730
6,371
7,091
8,095
8,321
8,202
7,678
8,203
8,914
Hungary
1,619
1,510
1,682
1,822
2,537
2,717
2,760
2,826
2,818
Poland
12,501
13,345
14,950
16,377
16,499
15,292
15,191
15,990
15,750
Romania a
3,343
3,353
3,912
4,381
5,480
5,049
4,758
5,242
NA
Other
Cuban
NA
NA
475
611
702
712
695
921
1,096
Yugoslavia
2,283
2,303
2,567
3,654
4,342
4,349
4,450
4,550
4,570
a Whole milk from cows, unless otherwise indicated. d Including milk from buffaloes.
n Including milk from sheep, goats, camels, and mares. ~ State production of pasteurized and raw milk.
In terms of 3.5 percent butterfat content.
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Table 163
Wool Production a
146.20 109.30 85.02 54.22 47.79
737.20 _ 754.23 923.40 793.48 708.51
266.50 315.16 _ _333.80 294.1_0 357.00
43.50 43.00 47.15 52.32
--- -
35.10 36.40 33.81 22.15
701.15
380.70
61.28 62.31
21.29 20.99
363.00__ 371.00 363.0_0
62.08 62.00 64.00
eRaw wool (grease basis) from sheep, which includes both
shorn and pulled wool together with the wool element of
"wooled sheepskins."
b Including data for Lesotho and Namibia.
Physical weight.
a Purchases.
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Table 164
Ginned Cotton Production
e Data are for the crop year beginning 1 August of the stated
year.
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Table 165
Mineral Fertilizer Consumption, Nutrient Content b
Japan
xA
332.2
372.6
319.3
372.1
387.2
412.1
434.9
Spain
31.6
38.0
59.3
69.3
81.1
67.2
72.5
71.2
Turkey
1.5
5.7
15.7
29.8
51.1
45.4
53.5
56.4
European Community
Belgium-Luxembourg
xA
xA
564.8
540.4
533.9
490.2
520.6
527.8
Denmark
151.1
182.3
223.4
239.4
236.4
233.0
246.2
259.8
France
102.4
150.9
243.5
246.7
300.8
298.4
299.3
314.0
Ireland
124.8
172.1
365.0
410.7
618.2
609.4
643.8
697.3
Italy
51.5
70.7
89.6
121.0
169.8
163.3
161.4
158.7
Netherlands
456.1
580.8
749.3
750.7
788.8
767.4
738.1
775.2
United Kingdom
183.3
206.5
259.9
262.9
293.6
329.6
364.7
370.7
West Germany
266.2
348.8
399.6
385.5
471.2
418.4
435.0
420.3
Other countries
Brazil
NA
8.2
28.3
52.3
59.1
37.5
36.5
30.6
India
2.3
4.7
13.2
16.5
30.9
33.8
34.6
39.0
Egypt
xA
126.4
113.2
175.1
271.4
247.5
334.6
363.6
Argentina
NA
2.1
2.6
1.6
3.3
2.7
3.1
3.6
South Africa
NA
30.2
38.6
52.1
77.9
90.4
83.1
66.0
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Table 165 (continued)
Mineral Fertilizer Consumption, Nutrient Content n
a Including land under temporary crops, gardens, fallow or ~ Including phosphate rock; excluding livestock phosphates.
idle land, and permanent crops such as orchards and vine- Data indicate the quantity supplied to agriculture.
yards, unless otherwise indicated. a Arable land is total area less pasture and hayland.
b Data are "fertilizer years"-in general, the year beginning a Sown area is used because of extensive multiple cropping.
1 July.
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Table 166
Nitrogen Fertilizer Consumption, Nutrient Content a
a Data are "fertilizer years"-in general, the year beginning b Data indicate the quantity supplied to agriculture.
1 July.
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Table 167
Phosphate Fertilizer Consumption, Nutrient Content a
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Table 168
Potassium Fertilizer Consumption, Nutrient Content a
-
4,726
-_
5,733.
_--
5,106
_
4,378
5,265
525
512
535
582
_
258 _
3,670
1,314
284
4,220
1,689
__
219
4,140 -
1
700
- 264
4,290
1
744
632
250
4,420
1
834
276
357
,
332
,
__- _ --
359
,
--
370
384
410
470
521
542
_
1,099
1,144
1,055
1
042
1
0]4
_
,
,
558
1,307
767 ~
876
727
___
227
_
618 -
670
_ _
622
627
8,660
7,980
8,220
8
290
9
210
5,176
_
4,904
4,905
,
4
991
,
6
201
3,480
3,070
3,310
,
3
300
,
3
000
50
89
117
,
141
,
114
670
560
_
611
617
565
707
496
_
602
497
424
553
_
472
524
490
551
1,431
1,354
_
1,271
1
315
1
111
71
_
101
185
,
_
237
,
240
2
4
3
8 _
NA
112
NA ---
NA
NA
_..
NA
163
198
265
242 ~_
236
United States 1,967
Japan 600
2,922
613
3,839
610
Spain
95
92 -
206
_ -
European Community 2,860
3,350
4,010
_
France 750
_
970
-
1,389
Italy 104
168
-
225 -
United Kingdom 450___
436
535
West Germany _ 1,006
1,190
1,185
Other countries
Brazil 107
100 _ _
306
India 28
90
228
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe 1,830
3,310
5,000
USSR b 766
1,891
2,574
Eastern Europe 1,060
1,420
2,420
Bulgaria 6
10
25
Czechoslovakia 217
363
489
East Germany 497
586
614
Hungary 27
53
229
Poland 313
396
1,036
Romania 3
12
28
Other
Albania 1
1
2
China 0 5
12
Yugoslavia 103 138 - -
156
a Data are "fertilizer years"-in general, the year beginning 1 July.
b Data indicate the quantity supplied to agriculture.
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Table 169
Grain Yields
Italy
United Kingdom
West Germany
Other countries
Burma
Egypt
India
Indonesia
Philippines
Thailand
Zimbabwe
Communist countries
b Including North Vietnam and South Vietnam.
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Transportation
Page
209
208
Tables 170-171.
Railroad Freight _
-
Tables 172-173.
Motor Vehicle Freight
210-211
Tables 174-175.
Inland Water Freight
212-213
Table 176.
Ocean Freight
214
Table 177.
Air Passengers
214
Table 178.
Air Freight
215
Table 179.
Civil Aircraft Inventory
215
Tables 180-181.
Petroleum Pipelines
216
Table 182.
Mainline Locomotive Inventory
217
Table 183.
Railroad Freight Car Inventory
218
Table 184.
Civilian Truck Inventory
219
Table 185.
Oliioading Ports Accessible to Fully Loaded Tankers
of 200,000 Deadweight Tons and Larger
220-221
Table 186.
Merchant Fleet Inventory
222-223
Table 187.
Tanker Fleet Inventory
224-225
Table 188.
Fishing Fleet Inventory
226
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Table 170
Railroad Freight a
a Excluding urban systems; plantation, forest, mine, indus-
trial plant, underground, funicular, and cable railroads; and
short lines of little importance. Unless otherwise indicated,
data are for the state or principal railroad system and
include ail goods and livestock carried during the calendar
year and exclude service traffic, mail, and nonrevenue
government stores. Freight traffic carried on more than one
railroad line within a country is counted only once. Foreign
trade freight traffic carried through more than one country,
however, is counted in each country. Data for the United
States include express and mail and are specifically for
revenue and nonrevenue freight traffic for a more realistic
comparison with Soviet methods of reporting.
b Including secondary or private railroads operating as com-
mon carriers.
Excluding livestock.
a Excluding data for Northern Ireland.
e Including mail and passenger baggage. Data are for the
year beginning I AprIl of the staled year.
r Including service traffic.
s Including Namibia.
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Table 171
Railroad Freight a
Canada b
United Kingdom
West Germany b a
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe
USSR
Eastern Europe
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
China
Cuba
North Korea
1,180.5
1,341.7
1,426.3
1,368.5
1,645.0
1,630.0
1,426.0
1,480.0
1,63 /.U
161.2
204.4
211.2
252.4
276.0
280.0
246.0
266.0
298.0
227.0
238.7
260.0
228.0
229.0
212.0
202.0
195.0
198.0
253.1
232.2
209.0
176.0
150.0
149.0
135.0
146.0
109.0
429.2
423.1
392.6
328.7
367.0
349.0
322.0
315.0
339.0
2,820
3,520
4,140
5,080
5,290
5,250
5,220
5,370
NA
1,884.9
2,415.3
2,896.0
3,621.1
3,728.0
3,762.0
3,725.0
3,850.6
3,909.0
931
1,110
1,240
1,460
1,560
1,490
1,490
1,520
NA
38.4
56.0
68.2
78.8
77.8
81.5
83.9
82.6
83.4
194.1
218.5
236.9
271.4
286.0
286.6
288.9
292.1
298.8
237.8
260.4
262.9
289.0
311.6
315.2
322.5
325.6
338.0
96.0
114.8
117.4
131.7
129.8
131.0
127.0
123.8
121.7
286.9
341.3
382.3
464.2
482.1
401.5
402.1
414.5
425.5
77.5
114.4
171.3
228.3
274.6
273.9
270.5
NA
NA
NA
491.0
681.3
889.6
1,112.8
1,076.7
1,135.3
1,187.8
1,200.0
NA
10.0
11.7
10.9
14.1
16.5
18.2
NA
NA
38.5
52.0
68.0
106.4
152.3
170.0
183.2
180.0
185.0
government stores. Freight traffic carried on more than one
railroad line within a country is counted only once. Foreign
trade freight traffic carried through more than one country,
however, is counted in each country. Data for the United
States are in tons originated, thus giving a more realistic
comparison with European methods of reporting.
e Excluding urban systems; plantation, forest, mine, indus-
trial plant, underground, funicular, and cable railroads; and
short lines of little importance. Unless otherwise indicated,
data are for the state or principal railroad system and
include all goods and livestock carried during the calendar
year and exclude service traffic, mail, and nonrevenue
n Including secondary or private railroads operating as com-
mon carriers.
Including data for Northern Ireland.
a Including service traffic.
Including performance of railroads owned jointly by Hun-
gary and Austria within Hungary.
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Table 172
Motor Vehicle Freight
s. ~ Including freight carried in vehicles by all sectors.
n Including traffic by state automotive transport organiza-
tions and by cooperatives; branch enterprises; and transport
units of industries, plants, offices, and the like.
910.43
864.50
853.01
898.50
987
53
178.90
181.31
187.72
193
52
.
197
58
.
.
557
579
596
594
NA
432.10
459.90
485.30
485.80
477
00
125
119
111
108
.
NA
15.89
17.11
16.73
16.94
16
93
20.57
21.72
20.96
20.33
.
NA
21.02
19.92
16.24
15.38
NA
11.40
11.76
11.88
11.95
NA
44.55
36.85
34.02
35.47
36
54
11.76
11.79
11.15
8.26
.
NA
76.40 ~
78.00 ~
94.90 ~
108.40 ~
116.00
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Table 173
Motor Vehicle Freight a
a Including traffic by state automotive transport organiza-
tions and by cooperatives; branch enterprises; and transport
units of industries, plants, offices, and the like.
b State transport only.
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Table 174
Inland Water Freight
United States a
123.00
162.55
229.21
265.16
334.25
339.44
318.48
319.59
358.29
European Community
France
10.77
12.51
14.18
11.90
12.15
11.07
10.19
9.45
NA
Netherlands
20.02
24.07
30.74
29.60
33.48
31.79
31.39
32.00
NA
West Germany
40.39
43.31
48.81
47.56
51.44
50.00
49.40
49.09
___
xA
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe _
107
143
186
235
260
271
277
287
NA
USSR
99.60
133.93
173.98
221.71
244.90
255.60
262.40
273.00
265.00
Eastern Europe
7.67
9.40
11.9
12.8
14.9
15.2
14.47
14.16
NA
Bulgaria
0.62
1.06
1.83
2.39
2.61
2.54
2.54
2.33
2.64
Czechoslovakia
1.96
2.17
2.43
2.58
3.59
3.81
3.78
3.92
NA
East Germany
2.25
2.20
2.36
2.36
2.16
2.36
2.29
2.42
NA
a Internal, intraport, and local water traffic, excluding Great Lakes amounted to 53 billion metric ton-kilometers of
Lakes traffic. For 1982, coastwise and foreign trade traffic domestic trade and 40 billion metric ton-kilometers of US
within US waters together amounted to 103 billion metric foreign trade.
ton-kilometers. In the same year, traffic on the Great
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Table 175
Inland Water Freight
a Internal, intraport, and local water traffic, excluding Great ~ Transported by Flota Propia.
Lakes traffic. a Transported by Flota Propia and companion boats.
b Coastal freight.
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Table 176
Ocean Freight a
Eastern Europe
57.7
114
266
410
491
458
417
432
NA
Bulgaria ~
2.5
9.1
38.9
42.2
62.5
63.4
59.1
61.2
60.5
Czechoslovakia
7.5
8.3
10.5
12.0
12.4
12.3
14.1
13.6
NA
East Germany ~
10.5
30.2
69.7
79.7
70.7
71.1
55.7
53.8
NA
Hungary d
1.3
1.7
2.7
4.0
7.6
8.2
7.9
8.0
9.2
Poland ~ e
34.8
56.4
106.6
206.1
257.4
217.5
191.7
197.1
193.4
Romania
1.1
8.4
37.5
66.3
80.3
85.4
88.1
98.3
xA
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are for international b Including Caspian Sea, Danube River, and domestic coast- a Possibly excluding the performance of some ships flying
shipping and include the performance of ships of less than al and intercoastal traffic. the Polish flag but under control of the Chinese-Polish
1,000 gross register tons. Including coastal traffic. Shipbrokers Corporation.
a Including Danube River traffic.
Table 177
Air Passengers
62.5
110.5
212.0
262.0
405.9
391.4
404.3
423.8
449.4
4.3
7.6
15.4
25.0
36.2
34.4
32.3
31.5
34.3
1.1
4.6
I5.0
30.1
51.3
55.4
55.4
55.6
NA
a Revenue passenger-kilometers flown on scheduled service
of certificated route air carriers.
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Table 178
Air Freight a
1,377
3,363
7,277
8,603
_1.0,359
10,291
9,963
10,755
11,495
66
156
425
628
820
835
908
986
1,122
24
114
426
920 ~
1,978 a
2,226 e
2,342 n
2,657 d
Nn
- - - -
-
152
232
542
1,086
2,093
2,239
2,298
2,597
2,894
117
212
393
617
996
1,100
1,086
1,245
1,456
181
370
617
933
1,548 e
1,717 <
1,385 e
1,532 e
1,834 e
41
157
523
974
1,585
1,584
1,688
2,042
2,345
a Express, freight, and mail traffic.
b Revenue ton-kilometers flown on scheduled service of
certificated route air carriers.
Japan Air Lines data only.
Table 179
Civil Aircraft Inventory a
d Japan Air Lines and Japan-Asia Airways.
e Excluding airlines based in the UK territories and
dependencies.
Jet
202
712
2,136
2,114
2,469
2,465
2,504
2,691
2,724
Turboprop
227
288
374
260
267
331
159
204
185
Piston 1,
408
838
153
114
77
79
79
78
51
USSR
Jet
191
227
425
1,080
1,855
1,753
1,796
1,830
1,995
Turboprop
174
555
1,238
1,500
1,925
1,710
1,700
1,655
1,515
e Data exclude light aircraft. No attempt has been made to n Large aircraft only. Data for commuters and all cargo ~ Data basically represent the inventory of Aeroflot-the
standardize comparisons of the US and Soviet aircraft operators not available prior to 1980. This data refers to Soviet civil airline.
inventories in terms of capacity for passenger-cargo carrying certificate route carriers, supplementals, and commercial
and/or range capability. operators.
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Table 180
Petroleum Pipelines
USSR
51.2
146.7
281.7
665.9
1,216.0 _
1,263.2
1,306.8
1,353.1
1,370.3
Eastern Europe
NA
7.9
18.1
26.7
40.8
38.6
NA
NA
NA
Bulgaria
0
0
0
0
0.8
1.0
1.1
1.1
0.9
Czechoslovakia
NA
3.2
6.4
4.4
10.3
10.1
NA
NA
NA
East Germany
0
0.1
2.2
4.3
5.0
4.8
4.7
4.3
NA
Hungary
0.1
0.3
0.7
___
2.5
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.9
xA
Table 181
Petroleum Pipelines
e Data are for tons originated, thus giving a more realistic
comparison with the Communist countries.
6 Crude petroleum only.
603 772
496.8 626.9
106 145
0 3.1
14.96 21.5
32.1 41.6
13.8 15.6
30.5 40.7
14.5 22.5
783
783
797
NA
634.0
640.9
648.7
648.0
149.0
142
148
NA
16.3
16.5
15.6
20.1
20.7
19.2
19.1
xA
39.4
38.8
39.3
NA
16.3
12.4
15.6
NA
35.8
36.7
39.3
39.8
20.4
18.1
19.3
NA
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Table 182
Mainline Locomotive Inventory a
United States b 31.18
30.06
29.12
30.20
28.86
27.57 ~
26.92 ~
25.50
Canada 3.75
3.32
3.42
3.98
4.17
4.15
3.76
NA
Austria 1.48
1.40
1.20
1.19
1.22
1.22
1.21
1.21
Spain 3.64
3.38
1.70
1.14
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.40
Sweden 1.88
1.66
1.58
1.42
1.38
1.29
1.29
1.29
Switzerland 1.10
1.26
1.33
1.42
1.45
1.45
1.45
1.43
European Community 43.0
32.7
25.0
23.8
23.0
22.9
22.8
NA
France 7.96
7.36
6.07
5.98
6.06
6.06
6.04
5.99
Italy 5.28
4.47
3.58
3.63
3.72
3.82
3.84
NA
United Kingdom 16.05
8.08
4.45
3.86
3.53
3.33
3.23
3.06
West Germany 10.44
9.59
8.05
7.65
7.10
7.09
7.02
6.85
Communist countries
USSR and Eastern Europe 55.8
49.5
47.8
58.0
68.2
67.9
NA
NA
USSR 34.00
26.90
28.90
37.13
45.95
49.05
50.60
NA
Eastern Europe 21.8
22.6
18.8
20.9
22.3
18.8
NA
NA
Bulgaria 0.64
0.73
0.68
0.64
0.80
0.87
0.90
xA
Czechoslovakia 5.23
5.20
4.60
4.98
4.27
4.24
NA
NA
East Germany 6.00
6.00
5.00
5.92
5.62
5.50
NA
NA
Hungary 2.46
2.60
2.00
1.92
2.40
1.30 a
1.70 a
NA
Poland 5.80
6.33
5.07
5.52
7.51
5.17
5.13
5.17
Romania 1.72
1.78
1.50
1.88
1.70 d
1.73 d
2.00 a
xA
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are for the state or b Data are for secondary or private railroads operating as
principal railroad system and include diesel, diesel-electric, common carriers and include gas turbine locomotives.
steam, and electric locomotives. Data are as of the end of the ~ Class I locomotives only.
year. d Does not include steam locomotives.
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Table 183
Railroad Freight Car Inventory a
United Kingdom ~ a
West Germany
Communist countries
a Units of two, four, or more axles. Unless otherwise indicat-
ed, data refer to both state and private ownership of cars
used on the state or principal railroad system. Data are as of
the end of the year. Because of the lack of comparability in
data, totals for the OECD and the Communist countries are
omitted.
b Units of four or more axles.
132.0
143.0
175.0
237.0
269.3
290.4
296.3
10.4
15.2
18.0
21.0
24.0
26.0
28.0
Including secondary or private railroads operating as com-
mon carriers.
c Excluding privately owned tank cars and including data
for Northern Ireland.
e PKP railroad cars only.
rThe majority are four-axle units.
303.9 316.6
32.0 32.0
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Table 184
Civilian Truck Inventory a
1,598
2,134
2,678
2,078
2,642
2,759
2,871
NA
NA
1,442
1,726
1,768
1,677
1,919
1,885
1,849
NA
NA
688
975
1,141
1,281
1,500
1,540
1,534
1,532
NA
Hungary
29
43
74
94
111
116
119
130
NA
Poland
130
189
274
425
618
641
616
655
NA
Romania
53
82
139
1S0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
a Unless otherwise indicated, data are as of the end of the b Data are for the number of registrations of privately owned a Including data for Northern Ireland. Data are as of 1 Oct-
year and include wheeled tractors for road haulage and trucks and include duplications when trucks are registered in ober of the stated year.
exclude military trucks of all types. more than one state. e As of 1 July of the stated year.
Beginning in 1975, only trucks less than 10 years old are r Including both military and civilian trucks.
being counted.
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Table 185
Offloading Ports Accessible to Fully Loaded Tankers
of 200,000 Deadweight Tons and Larger, January 1985
Augusta (Sicily)
400
Mizushima
230
Syracuse (Sicily)
400
Nishihaka
230
Milazzo (Sicily)
330
Osaka
230
Ancona
300
Owase
210
Falconara
300
Fukuyama
200
Fiumicino
300
Netherlands
Rotterdam/Europort
600
Savona/ Vado
300
Norway
Narvik
400
Ravenna
265
Mongstad
300
Gaeta
260
Slagenstangen (Oslo)
260
Sarroch/Cagliari (Sardinia)
260
Portugal
Sines
500
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Table 185 (continued)
Of{loading Ports Accessible to Fully Loaded Tankers
of 200,000 Deadweight Tons and Larger, January 1985
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Table 186
Merchant Fleet Inventory a
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
World total
17,825
214,069
19,503
325,149
22,353
556,388
23,855
638,080
24,503
647,092
24,669
646,889
Non-Communist countries
16,243
202,277
17,020
303,720
19,222
523,247
20,035
590,670
20,544
595,799
20,442
589,182
OECD
12,440
148,453
12,164
208,962
11,286
316,611
10,971
323,208
9,779
293,891
9,173
274,404
Non-European Community
6,573
80,586
6,291
109,801
5,341
158,533
4,556
145,347
4,477
143,840
4,280
137,166
United States b
2,376
28,283
1,579
21,346
857
17,694
568
20,169
536
20,755
503
20,811
Japan
1,333
16,450
2,109
39,142
2,051
63,238
1,843
57,322
1,800
59,536
1,695
58,201
Norway
1,365
23,538
1,173
32,374
991
47,796
613
36,789
536
31,790
490
26,912
Sweden
443
5,643
366
6,898
324
12,723
258
6,378
237
4,923
232
3,983
Other
1,056
6,672
1,064
10,041
1,118
17,082
1,274
24,689
1,368
26,836
1,360
27,259 _
European Community
5,867
67,867
5,873
99,161
5,945
158,078
6,415
177,861
5,302
150,051
4,893
137,238
France
542
6,406
457
9,007
444
17,690
354
20,327
318
15,855
293
14,060
Greece ~
916
10,388
1,195
18,214
1,804
37,638
2,835
67,067
2,340
65,306
2,020
59,519
Italy
588
6,917
625
9,803
633
16,081
647
17,331
600
14,617
598
14,391
United Kingdom
2,052
26,385
1,772
37,065
1,576
54,913
1,313
45,386
784
28,710
699
24,338
West Germany
843
7,184
993
11,697
611
13,453
470
11,630
436
8,878
455
7,831
Other
926
10,587
831
13,375
877
18,303
796
16,120
824
16,685
828
17,099
Non-OECD countries
3,803
53,824
4,856
94,758
7,936
206,636
9,064
267,462
10,765
301,908
11,269
314,778
Flag of Convenience
1,898
38,341
2,686
72,065
4,675
159,568
4,863
189,477
5,530
194,969
5,814
196,522
__
Cyprus
21
207
217
1,933
573
4,762
347
2,212
446
7,752
573
12,084
Liberia
1,313
30,906
1,840
60,992
2,546
132,694
2,191
150,058
1,932
130,359
1,832
120,860
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Table 186 (continued)
Merchant Fleet Inventory a
e Ships of 1,000 gross register tons (GRT) or more. Data are
as of the end of the year. Data for the non-Communist
countries include all combination passenger and cargo ships,
whereas, unless otherwise indicated, those for the Commu-
nist countries exclude passenger ships that have small cargo
capacities.
b Excluding ships operating only on the Great Lakes and
US-owned ships flying the Liberian, Panamanian, and other
"flags of convenience."
Excluding Greek-owned ships flying the Liberian, Pana-
manian, and other "flags of convenience."
c Excluding the Caspian Sea Fleet passenger ships and
vessels subordinate to the Ministry of the Fishing Industry.
e Before August 1968, a few additional Bulgarian-owned
ships were operated under the flags of non-Communist
countries.
e Until March 196'7, an undetermined number of Czechoslo-
vak-flag ships were jointly owned with China.
s Including some ships flying the Polish flag but under the
control of the Chinese-Polish Shipbrokers Corporation. At
the end of 1984, there were 24 of these ships.
n Data include a number of ships jointly owned by the
Chinese-Albanian Joint Stock Shipping Company.
Including North Korean and Vietnamese vessels.
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Table 187
Tanker Fleet Inventory a
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
World total
3,533
89,576
4,119
152,450
5,177
301,667
5,439
379,870
5,600
352,592
5,574
337,983
Non-Communist countries
3,290
85,629
3,759
146,555
4,736
292,241
4,910
366,529
5,029
339,349
4,976
324,210
OECD
2,350
58,883
2,528
96,952
2,917
173,746
2,855
197,426
2,671
171,562
2,497
156,491
Non-European Community
1,274
32,365
1,328
48,690
1,469
88,179
1,450
97,251
1,446
92,005
1,349
85,902
United States b
341
7,561
294
7,739
267
9,711
273
15,024
261
15,803
247
15,783
Japan
236
6,965
368
16,036
531
33,950
567
34,486
535
32,671
493
31,541
Norway
467
13,599
363
17,351
332
28,467
273
28,899
283
25,253
247
20,922
Sweden
73
2,098
80
2,887
79
6,524
69
4,087
71
2,907
70
2,151
Other
157
2,142
223
4,677
260
9,527
268
14,755
296
15,371
292
15,505
European Community
1,076
26,518
1,200
48,262
1,448
85,567
1,405
100,175
1,225
79,557
1,148
70,589
France
157
3,682
135
5,799
154
13,190
120
16,632
97
11,738
90
10,280
Greece ~
129
2,970
216
7,714
345
15,557
422
27,997
362
27,883
315
24,751
Italy
143
2,872
198
4,585
236
7,953
247
11,758
233
9,261
233
9,234
United Kingdom
441
11,562
434
20,863
459
32,869
426
30,733
300
19,150
266
15,341
West Germany
48
1,295
59
2,956
83
5,627
67
5,353
89
4,046
89
3,115
Other
158
4,137
158
6,345
171
10,371
123
7,702
144
7,479
155
7,868
Non-OECD countries
940
26,746
1,231
49,603
1,819
118,495
2,055
169,103
2,358
167,787
2,479
167,719
Flag of Convenience
686
23,310
916
42,708
1,299
100,554
1,252
130,445
1,316
120,196
1,368
114,762
Cyprus
1
13
13
214
47
860
21
194
56
4,024
76
6,302
Liberia
534
19,018
730
36,802
1,014
89,470
943
116,018
809
96,496
761
87,343
Panama
151
4,279
173
5,692
238
10,224
288
14,233
451
19,677
531
21,117
OPEC
38
571
42
1,315
82
4,245
206
12,740
303
18,263
305
15,228
Iraq
0
0
0
0
10
380
22
2,164
20
2,139
18
1,415
Kuwait
3
161
6
787
7
1,150
22
2,613
31
3,106
31
2,505
Libya
0
0
0
0
5
410
14
1,506
14
1,507
12
1,413
Venezuela
14
284
16
372
15
440
13
409
25
947
24
876
Other
21
126
20
156
45
1,865
135
6,047
213
10,564
220
9,019
Other Non-OPEC
216
2,865
273
5,580
438
13,696
597
25,918
739
29,327
806
37,729
Brazil
46
604
45
810
53
944
74
5,032
84
5,365
89
5,454
India
8
217
13
510
25
1,510
47
3,467
54
3,624
62
4,086
Other
162
2,044
215
4,260
360
11,242
476
17,419
601
20,338
655
28,189
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Table 187 (continued)
Tanker Fleet Inventory a
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Number
Thousand
DWT
Communist countries
243
3,947
360
5,895
441
_
9,426
529
13,341
571
13,245
598
13,773
USSR and Eastern Europe
212
3,562
301
5,]08
_
331
_
6,975
361
10,081
392
9,977
400
10,225
USSR a
184
3,125
265
__4__,389
280
_ 4,796
310
7,537
351
8,193
359
8,274
Eastern Europe
28
437
36
719
51
2,179
51
2,544
41
1,784
41
1,951
Bulgaria
11
160
18
267
20
472
18
549
16
518
15
506
East Germany
10
144
9
288
16
612
12
427
9
210
9
225
Poland
5
95
5
95
8
665
13
982
9
538
9
538
Romania
2
38
4
69
7
430
8
586
7
518
S
682
Other
31
385
59
787
110
2,451
168
3,260
179
3,268
198
3,548
China
19
135
38
375
80
1,916
132
2,513
153
2,436
165
2,640
Cuba
2
5
3
26
6
75
11
111
13
116
13
116
a Tankers and whaling tankers of 1,000 gross registered tons n Excluding ships operating only on the Great Lakes and c Excluding the Caspian Sea Fleet and tankers assigned to
(GRT) or more. Data are as of the end of the year and US-owned ships flying the Liberian, Panamanian, and other the Ministry of the Fishing Industry.
include specialized oil and chemical tankers and some "flags of convenience." ~ Including North Korean and Vietnamese vessels.
combination carriers (oil/dry bulk carriers). For the pur- ~ Excluding Greek-owned ships flying the Liberian, Pana-
poses of this table, the tonnage is converted to deadweight manian, and other "flags of convenience."
(DWT).
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Table 188
Fishing Fleet Inventory a
a Data are as of midyear.
n Gross register tons; excluding ships under 100 GRT.
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Acid, sulfuric 164
Aggregate factor productivity, USSR 68
Aggregate inflation rates, developed
countries 7
Agricultural labor force 57
Agricultural prices 51
Agricultural production 44
Aid, US economic loans and grants, to
LDCs, by recipient 116-117
Aircraft, civil, inventory 215
Air freight 21 S
Air passengers 214
Aluminum, primary 154
Ammonia, synthetic 163
Automobiles, passenger, production 19, 177
Average annual rates of growth in
industrial production, by branch of
industry, USSR 69
Balance of payments, USSR 72
Balance, trade, non-Communist countries
81
Bauxite 148
Big Seven exports 84-85
Big Seven imports 86-87
Big Seven trade 82-83
Big Seven trade balance 88-89
Bilateral capital flows to LDCs,
gross 114
Brown coal 138
Burden, tax, industrial countries 12
Buses, production 178
Capital, fixed, stock of, USSR 67
Capital flows to LDCs, total gross
bilateral 114
Capital, investment, gross fixed, USSR 66
Cars, passenger production 177
Cars, railroad freight 179
Cattle 194
Caustic soda 162
Cement 181
China, exports 25, 104-105
China, imports 25, 104, 106
Chinese, economic aid extended
to LDCs 112
Chinese, foreign trade 25, 104-106
Chromite 147
Civil aircraft, inventory 215
Civilian trucks, inventory 219
Coal, brown 138
Coal, hard 137
Coal, proved reserves 131
80- Coarse grain 20, 189
Cobalt 157
Combines, grain 175
Commercial vehicles, production 178
Commodity production of the US
and USSR 29-31
Communist countries, economic aid to
LDCs 109
Communist countries, economic profile 25
Communist countries, exchange rates 61
Communist countries, exports 25, 96-97,
99-100, 102, 104-105, 107-108
Communist countries, GNP 2, 4, S, 6, 25, 34
Communist countries, gross industrial
production 45
Communist countries, imports
101, 103, 104, 106-108
Communist countries, industrial
production 45-46
Communist countries, industrial
production, gross 45
Communist countries, military aid to
LDCs 109
Communist countries, military personnel from
LDCs, trained in 120, 121
Communist countries, Soviet economic
aid 113
Communist countries, trade, foreign (see Trade,
foreign, Communist countries)
Communist countries, training of LDC's
academic, technical, and military
trainees 124
Communist countries, training of LDC's
military personnel 113
Communist economic and military
technicians in LDCs 122-123
Construction, total housing
Consumer price index 53
Consumption, oil 133
Conversion factors 234
Copper, refined 153
Cotton, ginned 199
Crude oil 132-135
Crude oil, proved reserves
174
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Index (continued)
Crude oil refining capacity 133
Crude steel, production 18, 1 SO
Cuba, Soviet economic assistance to 113
Cuban foreign trade 107-108
Currency, foreign, rates of exchange 61
Debt, East European by source 125
Debt, medium- and long-term 49
Defense expenditures, GNP, share of 47
Deflators, price, GNP 36
Developed countries, economic profile 24
Developed countries' trade, foreign, direction
of 76-89
East European debt by source 125
East European economic aid extended to
LDCs 111
Eastern Europe, exports 25, 99-100, 102
Eastern Europe, foreign trade 25, 99-103
Eastern Europe, foreign trade, direction 99-
101
Eastern Europe, gross and net hard currency
debt to the West 48, 125
Eastern Europe, imports 25, 99, 101, 103
Economic aid (see Aid)
Economic indicators, selected non-OPEC
less developed countries 41
Economic indicators for selected industrial
countries 42-43
Electricity generating capacity, installed
140-141
Electric generators 173
Electricity 139
Energy 128-141
Energy efficiency 16
Energy, primary 128-130
Energy, primary, consumption 129
Energy, primary, production, by type 130
Equipment, power generating 173
Exchange rate equivalents, GNP 37
Exchange rates 61
Exchange rates, Communist countries 61
Expenditures, defense, GNP, as a share 47
Export prices 90-91
Exporters of oil 27, 134
Exports, Big Seven 82-85
Exports, Chinese 25, 104-105
Exports, Cuba 107-108
Exports, Eastern Europe 25, 99-100, 102
Exports, non-Communist countries 76-77
Exports, Soviet 25, 70-71, 96-97
Factor productivity, USSR 68
Factors, conversion 234
Fertilizer, mineral, consumption 200-201
Fertilizer, mineral, nutrient content
production 165
Fertilizer, nitrogen, consumption 202
Fertilizer, nitrogen, production 166
Fertilizer, phosphate, consumption 203
Fertilizer, phosphate, production 167
Fertilizer, potassium, consumption 204
Fertilizer, potassium, production 168
Fibers, synthetic 172
Financial flows, net I1 S
Fish catch 193
Fishing fleet 226
Fixed capital, stock of, USSR 67
Fixed investment, gross, USSR 66
Fleet, fishing 226
Fleet, merchant 222-223
Fleet, tanker 224-225
Foreign trade (see Trade, foreign)
Freight cars, railroad 179, 218
Freight traffic, air 215
Freight traffic, inland water 212-213
Freight traffic, motor vehicle 210-211
Freight traffic, ocean 214
Freight traffic, railroad 208-209
Freight traffic, truck 210-211
Gas, natural 136
Gas, natural, proved reserves 131
Generating capacity, electricity, installed 140-
141
Generating capacity, nuclear 141
Generators, electric 140
Ginned cotton 199
GNP 2-6, 8, 22-28, 34-43, 64-65
GNP, Communist countries 64-65
GNP, defense expenditures as a share of 47
GNP, deflators 36
GNP, Eastern Europe 2, 25, 34-35, 39-40
GNP, end use, US 38
GNP, end use, USSR 38, 64
GNP, exchange rate equivalents 37
GNP, growth 5-6, 8, 39-40
GNP, growth by sector of origin 65
GNP, growth, per capita 40
GNP, LDCs, aggregate real growth rates 8
GNP, market prices 34-35
GNP, per capita 2-3, 24-28, 40
GNP, price deflators 36
GNP, purchasing power equivalents 37
GNP, real comparisons 6
GNP, real, trends 5
GNP, US 4, 6, 24, 34-40
GNP, USSR 4, 6, 25, 34, 38-40, 64-65
GNP, world 4, 22, 34
Gold 73, 159
Gold, USSR 73, 159
Government receipts, outlays and balance as a
share of GDP 11
Grain combines 175
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Index (continued)
Grain, coarse 20, 189
Grain, total 186-187
Grain, yields 205
Gross fixed capital investment, USSR 66
Gross industrial production index,
Communist countries 45
Gross official bilateral capital flows
to LDCs 114
Harbors accessible for fully loaded
tankers 220-221
Hard coal 137
Hard currency, balance of payments,
USSR 72
Hard currency, debt to the West, USSR 73
Hard currency trade, USSR 70-72
Hogs 195
Housing construction 174
Hydroelectricity 139
Import prices 90-91
Importers of oil 134-135
Imports, Big Seven 82-83, 86-87
Imports, Chinese 25, 104, 106
Imports, Eastern Europe 25, 99, 101, 103
Imports, non-Communist countries 78-79
Imports, Soviet 25, 70-72, 96, 98
Industrial factor productivity, USSR 68
Industrial employment 59
Industrial production 45-46, 68-69
Industrial production, average annual rates
of growth, by branch, USSR 69
Industrial production index, Communist
countries 45-46
Inflation rate trends 9
Inland water freight traffic 212-213
Installed electricity generating capacity
140-141
Interest rates, major industrial countries 13
International economic comparisons,
selected countries 24-28
Investment, gross fixed capital, USSR 66
Iron ore 144
Iron, pig 149
Labor force 56-58
Labor force, agricultural 57
Labor force, nonagricultural 58
LDCs, aggregate inflation rates, 9
LDCs, aggregate real GNP growth rates 8
LDCs, aid (see Aid)
LDCs, economic profile, selected 26
LDCs, official bilateral capital flows to 114
LDCs, medium- and long-term debt,
selected 49
LDCs, non-OPEC, economic indicators 41
LDCs, non-OPEC, export and import prices
and terms of trade 90-91
Lead, smelter 155
Lignite 138
Locomotives, mainline, inventory 217
Machine tools 174-175
Magnesium, primary 159
Mainline locomotives, inventory 217
Manganese ore 145
Meat 196
Merchant fleet, inventory 222-223
Metalcutting machine tools 174
Metalforming machine tools 175
Metal prices 50
Military Personnel from LDCs trained in
Communist countries 120-121
Milk 197
Mineral fertilizer, consumption 200
Mineral fertilizer, nutrient content,
production 165
Mineral imports as a share of
consumption 1984 17
Molybdenum 160
Motor vehicle freight 210-211
Natural gas production 136
Natural gas, proved reserves 131
Natural rubber 169
Net financial flows I 1 S
Newly industrialized nations 28
Newly industrialized nations, trade
with Big Seven 92
Newsprint 182
Nickel, refined 152
Nitrogen fertilizer, consumption 202
Nitrogen fertilizer, production 166
Nonagricultural labor force 58
Non-Communist countries, exports 76-77
Non-Communist countries, imports 78-79
Non-Communist countries, oil import bill 94
Non-Communist countries, trade balance
80-81
Non-OPEC, economic indicators 41
Non-OPEC LDCs, export and import prices
and terms of trade 90-91
Nuclear electricity generating capacity 141
Ocean freight traffic 214
Oil, consumption 133
Oil, crude 130-135
Oil, crude production 132
Oil, crude, proved reserves 131
Oil, crude refining capacity 133
Oil, exporters 27, 134
Oil, import bill, selected countries 94
Oil, imports 134
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Index (continued)
Oil, prices 52
Oil, revenues 93
Oil, trade 134-135
OPEC, economic profile 27
Ore, iron 144
Ore, manganese 145
Ore, tungsten 146
Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries, economic profile 27
Paper 182
Passenger automobiles, production 19, 177
Passenger traffic, air 214
Petroleum pipeline transportation 216
Phosphate fertilizer, consumption 203
Phosphate fertilizer, production 167
Pig iron 149
Pipeline transportation, petroleum 216
Plastics 169
Platinum group metals 160
Plywood 183
Population 4, 22-28, 54-55
Ports, offloading 220-221
Potassium fertilizer, consumption 204
Potassium fertilizer, production 168
Potatoes 191
Power generating equipment 173
Price deflators, GNP 36
Price index, consumer 53
Price index, wholesale 52
Prices, agricultural SI
Prices, export and import and
terms of trade 90-91
Prices, metal 50
Prices, oil 52
Primary aluminum 154
Primary energy 128-130
Primary energy consumption 129
Primary energy, type 130
Primary magnesium 159
Primary tin 158
Productivity, aggregate factor, USSR 68
Productivity, factor, industrial, USSR 68
Proved reserves of crude oil,
natural gas, and coal 131
Purchasing power equivalents, GNP 37
Railroad freight cars, inventory 218
Railroad freight cars, production 179
Railroad freight traffic 208-209
Rates of exchange, Communist countries 61
Refined copper 153
Refined nickel 152
Refined zinc 156
Reserves, crude oil, proved
and probable 131
Reserves, international 24, 26-28
Reserves, USSR 73
Rice 190
Rolled steel 151
Rubber, natural 169
Rubber, synthetic 170
Rubber tires 180
Savings rate, personal 60
Selected industrial countries, trends in interest
rates 13
Smelter lead 155
Soda, caustic 162
Soviet (see USSR)
Soviet economic aid extended to
Communist countries 113
Soviet economic aid extended to
LDCs 110
Soviet economic assistance to Cuba 113
Soviet foreign trade 25, 70-72, 96-98
Soviet exports 25, 70-72, 96-97
Soviet imports 25, 70-72, 96, 98
Sponge, titanium 157
Steel, crude 18, 1 SO
Steel, rolled 1 Sl
Stock of fixed capital, USSR 67
Sugar 192
Sulfuric acid 164
Synthetic ammonia 163
Synthetic fibers 172
Synthetic rubber 170
Tankers, harbors accessible for,
fully loaded tankers 220-221
Tanker fleet, inventory 224-225
Tax burden, industrial countries 12
Terms of trade 90-91
Tin, primary 158
Tires, rubber 180
Titanium sponge 157
Total gross bilateral capital flows
to LDCs 114
Tractors 176
Trade 76-108
Trade, Big Seven 82-83
Trade balance, Big Seven 88-89
Trade balance, newly industrialized countries 92
Trade balance, non-Communist
countries 80-81
Trade, foreign, China 25, 104-106
Trade, foreign, China, exports 25, 104-105
Trade, foreign, China, imports 25, 144, 106
Trade, foreign, Communist countries 25,
96-108
Trade, Cuba 107-108
Trade, Foreign, developed countries,
direction of 76-89
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Index (continued)
Trade, foreign, Eastern Europe 25, 99-103
Trade, foreign, Eastern Europe, direction
99-101
Trade, foreign, Eastern Europe, exports 25,
99-100, 102
Trade, foreign, Eastern Europe, imports 25,
99, 101, 103
Trade, foreign, non-Communist, exports 76-77
Trade, foreign, non-Communist, imports 78-79
Trade, foreign, non-Communist,
trade balance 80-81
Trade, foreign, oil import bill 94
Trade, foreign, Soviet, direction 71, 96
Trade, foreign, Soviet exports 25, 70-71, 96-97
Trade, foreign, Soviet, imports 25, 70-71, 96, 98
Trade, oil 134-135
Trade, Soviet foreign 25, 70-72, 96-98
Trade, Soviet-Western 70-72, 95
Trade, terms of 90
Trade, world 22
Traffic, freight, air 215
Traffic, freight, inland water 212-213
Traffic, freight, motor vehicle 210-211
Traffic, freight, ocean 214
Traffic, freight, railroad 208-209
Traffic, freight, truck 210-211
Traffic, passenger, air 21 S
Transportation, petroleum pipeline 216
Truck freight 210-211
Trucks, civilian, inventory 219
Trucks, production 178
Tungsten ore 146
Turbines 173
Unemployment rates 60
US dollar, foreign exchange value 10
US economic and loan grants to LDCs, by
recipient 116-117
US military deliveries to LDCs 118-119
US, USSR, commodity production 29
USSR, aggregate factor productivity 68
USSR, average annual rates of growth in
industrial production, by sector
of industry 69
USSR, balance of payments 72
USSR, capital, fixed, stock of 67
USSR, capital investment, gross fixed 66
USSR, economic aid extended to
Communist countries 113
USSR, economic aid extended to LDCs 110
USSR, economic performance 64-73
USSR, exports 25, 70-71, 96-97
USSR, factor productivity, aggregate 68
USSR, fixed capital, stock of 67
USSR, foreign trade 25, 70-72, 96-98
USSR, gold 73, 159
USSR, gross fixed capital investment 66
USSR, gross industrial production index 45
USSR, GNP, distribution of 64
USSR, GNP, end use 38, 64
USSR, hard currency debt 73
USSR, hard currency trade 70-72
USSR, imports 25, 70-72, 96, 98
USSR, industrial factor productivity 68
USSR, industrial production, by branch of
industry 69
USSR, industrial production, gross, index 45
USSR, industrial production, indexes 45-46
USSR, investment, gross fixed capital 66
USSR, repayments on Western credits 73
USSR, growth of GNP by sector of origin 65
USSR, trade, foreign 25, 70-72, 96-98
USSR, US, commodity production 29-31
USSR, US, GNP 4, 6, 34, 40
Value of the US dollar, percent charge 10
Vehicles, automobile, production 19, 177
Vehicles, commercial, production 178
Wheat 188
Wholesale price index 52
Wool 198
World crude steel production 18
World GNP 4, 22, 34
World passenger automobile production 19
World population 4, 22
World statistics 22-23
World trade 22
World wheat and coarse grains 20, 22
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 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Acres
Kilometers, square
0.004046856
Acres
_
Meters, square
4046.856 _
Centimeters
Meters
0.01
Centimeters, square
Meters, square
0.0001
Degrees, Fahrenheit
Degrees, Celsius
subtract 32 and
multiply by 5/9
Feet
Centimeters
30.48
Feet
Meters
0.3048
Feet
Kilometers
0.0003048
Feet, cubic
Liters
28.316847
Feet, cubic
Meters, cubic
0.028316847
Feet, square
Centimeters, square
929.0304
Feet, square
Meters, square
0.09290304
Gallons, US liquid
Liters
3.785412
Gallons, US liquid
Meters, cubic
0.003785412
Grams
Ounces, troy
0.032151
Grams
Pounds, troy
0.002679
Hectares
Kilometers, square
0.01
Hectares
Meters, square
10,000
Inches
Centimeters
2.54
Inches
Meters
0.0254
Inches, cubic
Milliliters
16.387064
Inches, cubic
Liters
0.016387064
Inches, cubic
Meters, cubic
0.000016387064
Inches, square
Centimeters, square
6.4516
Inches, square
Meters, square
0.00064516
Kilograms
Ounces, troy
32.15075
Kilograms
Pounds, troy
2.679229
Kilograms
Tons, metric
0.001
Kilometers, square
Hectares
100
Liters
Milliliters
1000
Liters __
Meters, cubic
0.001
Meters
Millimeters
___
1000
Meters _
Centimeters
100
Meters
Kilometers
0.001
Meters, cubic
Liters
1000
Miles, nautical
Kilometers
1.852
Miles, statute
Centimeters
160934.4
Miles, statute
Meters
1609.344
Miles, statute
Kilometers
1.609344
Miles, square
Hectares
258.9998
Miles, square
Kilometers, square
2.589998
Ounces, avoirdupois
Grams
28.349523
Ounces, avoirdupois
Kilograms
0.028349523
Ounces, troy
Pounds, troy
0.083333
Ounces, troy
Grams
31.10348
Pints, liquid
Milliliters
473.176473
Pints, liquid
Liters
0.473176473
Pounds, avoirdupois
Grams
453.59237
Pounds, avoirdupois
Kilograms
0.45359237
Pounds, avoirdupois
Quintals
0.00453592
Pounds, avoirdupois
Tons, metric
0.000453592
Pounds, troy
Ounces, troy
12
Pounds, troy
Grams
373.241722
Quarts, dry
Liters
1.101221
Quarts, dry
Dekaliters
0.1101221
Quarts, liquid
Milliliters
946.352946
Quarts, liquid
Liters
0.946352946
Quintals
Tons, metric
0.1
Tons, long
Kilograms
1016.047
Tons, long
Tons, metric
1.016047
Tons, metric
Quintals
10
Ton-miles, long
Ton-kilometers, metric
1.635169
Ton-miles, short
Ton-kilometers, metric
1.459972
Tons, register
Meters, cubic
2.g316~5
Tons, short
Kilograms
907.185
Tons, short
Tons, metric
0.907185
Yards
Centimeters
91.44
Yards
Meters
0.9144
Yards, cubic
Liters
764.5549
Yards, cubic
Meters, cubic
0.7645549
Yards, square
Meters, square
0.836127
Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
 Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0
Approved For Release 2011/02/03 :CIA-RDP87T01134R000100070002-0