INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEES ARE NECESSARY BUFFERS BETWEEN POLITICANS AND COMMUNITY SAYS BOREN

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Journal of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers Intelligence Committees Are Necessary Buffers Between Politicians and Community Says Boren Senator David L. Boren (D - Okla.), Chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, recalled his meeting recently with the President of a Central American country. "I want to ask you a question," he quoted the Central American leader. "What is America's Central American policy?" Continued the national official, "I've had a call from your president, I've had a call from your Secretary of State, urging me to speak out, and I have been speaking out. I have also had visits from two of your most influential members of Congress who have great impact on the amount of economic aid that my country receives, and they tell me that if I continue to be an apologist for the Contra forces and continue to criticize the Sandinistas in such a harsh way, that I am going to find a lack of support for the economic aid to my country if this continues." Speaking before the March 28th meeting of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers at Ft. Myer, Virginia, Senator Boren viewed this as "a tragedy." "Even worse," he said, "was the fact that in all honesty I could not give him an answer in terms of his own national interest and his own survival." Senator Boren saw this as a pressing need for the United States to return to a unified foreign policy, not a Republican foreign policy, a Democratic foreign policy, a congressional foreign policy and a presidential foreign policy as seems to be the case today. "We are trying to do that in our own small way in the Intelligence Committee. We hope that we can achieve it not only for the sake of national security issues with which we deal but also that we can set an example." "We have worked very hard ... to try to build this kind of consensus, to rebuild the trust which I think has been built and to make the intelligence oversight committees a constructive force." "If we can do that," the speaker continued, "in these most sensitive of national security areas, we can begin to do it in a bi- partisan way across the board - and we must do it." The Committee, Senator Boren said, is attempting to be a buffer between the Intelligence Community and the political side, "so that the Community will not be abused and caught in political situations when you have policy shifts or changes in opinion in which they really end up suffering the damage in a very unfair way." He also noted the Committee's efforts to avoid over-reaction to recent events. "I've tried to say again and again that as we looked at the Iran-Contra matter we did not find systematic involvement of the Intelligence Community. We did not find systematic involvement, for example, in the Central Intelligence Agency. We found some individual involvement, but we have to be very careful that we do not overreact to right them." [The full text of Senator Boren's remarks appears in this issue.] Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Francis Hamit Christopher Marlowe Play Premieres at Hollywood's Globe Theater Was Christopher Marlowe, the author "Doctor Faustus" and other plays, also a secret agent? AFIO's Francis Hamit thinks so. "Marlowe was definitely engaged in some sort of espionage early in his career. He had some difficulty obtaining his Masters degree from Cambridge in 1587 because he had studied in a monastery in Rhiems and was suspected of being a trained Catholic agent. Suddenly the University proctors get a letter from Queen Elizabeth's Privy Council virtually ordering them to grant the degree and admitting that Marlowe was sent to France in the Queen's service." Hamit, who has contributed articles on spies and spying to the Encyclopedia Britannica and other publications, said that "Once I began to look into it, it became readily apparent that Marlowe had to have had more involvement than this with the early British secret service. One is struck by the high number of his friends who were connected with the secret service and, indeed, his patron was Thomas Walsingham, the brother of Queen Elizabeth's intelligence chief. His business agent, Ingram Frizer, has also been identified as a secret agent. It was Frizer who, in the company of Marlowe and two other agents, is alleged to have stabbed Marlowe at an tavern used as a safe house. Frizer claimed self-defense, but a doctor who analyzed the coroner's report two hundred years later claims the wound could not have been fatal. Even Marlowe's death is another riddle." Building on his research, Hamit has reconstructed the secret life of Christopher Marlowe and turned it into a play to have its World Premiere at the Globe Playhouse, West Hollywood, CA, in June. "Of course, it's mostly theory and interpretation; the theory of the play rather than solid, documented fact in every instance, but I am comfortable with it," Hamit said. "What I did," the playwright said, "was to apply the intelligence process to the known facts. The resulting play is as much about that process as it is about Kit Marlowe." As a courtesy of the author, members presenting their AFIO membership cards at the box office will receive a $2 discount per ticket. "From the Intelligence Bookshelf" does not appear in this issue. The book reviews will resume in the next issue. COL Paul F. AUSTIN, (USA-Ret.) Crossville, Tennessee Ms. Nancy C. FOGARTY Washington, D.C. BG Robert M. GAYNOR Arlington, Virginia Mr. Barry GOODENOW Honolulu, Hawaii COL William L. KERVICK, (USA-Ret.) Manassas, Virginia MAJ Kenneth W. NELSEN Colorado Springs, Colorado Ray E. WHITAKER Longwood, Florida Mr. Henry C. WOODWARD Rochester, Massachusetts David Packard Endows Charitable Causes David Packard, a member of AFIO's Honorary Board of Directors, has endowed some $2 billion to a group of charitable causes in a commitment shared with his late wife and their four children. The bequest involves virtually all his stock in the Hewlett-Packard Company, which he and William Hewlett began in a garage forty-nine years ago with a capitalization of $598. "We decided early on this was what we wanted, and worked twenty-five years to get to the point where we could do it," Packard told the New York Times. Mrs. Packard, who passed away a year ago was deeply involved in child health care concerns, and a substantial portion of the grant will be devoted to protecting infants and children at high risk of developing health problems. She will also be remembered in a planned children's hospital, to be named for her, to which she and her husband had already made a major contribution. Other causes to benefit deal with support of family planning in Third World countries, a fellowship to encourage young science and engineering professors to remain in research-and teaching, the underwater exploration program of the Monterey Bay Area Research Institute and a support program for education, family and youth problems. Page 2 Periscope Spring 1988 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Notes From National At this time when so many members have just completed their income tax returns, we would like to offer a suggestion that might be useful for those members who itemize their tax deductions. Contributions to AFIO are deductible as charitable contributions since AFIO has been designated tax exempt by the IRS under section 501 (c)(3). This information may be useful for any members who might be updating their wills and would consider a bequest to AFIO. Some members have sent donations to the AFIO Education Fund in memory of colleagues who were intelligence professionals. AFIO appreciates all donations received. DONATIONS Mr. Roberto BELLO New York, New York CAPT Albert BENJAMIN, (USNR-Ret.) Charlottesville, Virginia Mr. Joseph R. BEYRLE, Sr. Muskegon, Michigan Mr. Richard M. BISSELL, Jr. Farmington, Connecticut On a sad note we regret to inform you that Charlotta P. "Sherry" Engrav, who has been AFIO's Corporate Secretary for the past ten years, has had to take up residence at a nursing home because of ill health. If any members would care to cheer her up, cards may be sent in care of her daughter, Mrs. Alfred A. Gerich, P. 0. Box 686, Indian Head, MD 20640. The recruitment of new members continues at a good pace. Our most productive member has been our president, Don Harvey, who since taking office has recruited over thirty new members, including several life members, to AFIO. It would be nice if others could match the president's record. Our Academic Assistance Program continues to grow and we encourage our chapters and individual members to contact the universities in their areas or their own alma maters to determine if courses on intelligence are being offered. If so, have the professor contact AFIO to participate in our program. Many of the professors have asked if we could provide visiting lecturers for their courses. If you are interested, please send us your background information and we will maintain a list of those who are available to respond to such requests. The professors themselves are amazed at the interest expressed by students for courses on intelligence. We believe that serving as a lecturer at such a course is a good way to counteract the anti-intelligence recruitments efforts on some campuses. We have received several complaints from members who have received commercial mail solicitations based on their address listed in the AFIO Membership Directory. We do not give permission to anyone to use our Directory or membership list and urge the chapters to be very careful with their rosters. Mr. Richard M. CUMMINGS Bridgehampton, New York LTC Henry L. DuRANT, (AUS-Ret.) Columbia, South Carolina Mr. Edward S. FEENEY Baltimore, Maryland Ms. Marian E. GAUMOND Fairfax, Virginia Mr. Mike S. GONAKIS Euclid, Ohio Mr. William H. HOFFMAN Fort Pierce, Florida Spec George LeLESZ (USA-Ret.) Bronx, New York Mr. Cedomir MARKOVIC Arlington, Virginia COL Jerry M. SAGE Enterprise, Alabama Mr. Malcolm C. THOMAS Springhill, Florida Mr. Homer H. THROOP Woodbridge, Virginia Florida's Suncoast Chapter in appreciation to Edward F. Sayle in support of AFIO's Academic Assistance Program Spring 1988 Periscope Page 3 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Remarks of Senator David L. Boren Chairman Senate Select Committee on Intelligence before the Association of Former Intelligence Officers March 28, 1988 I am so honored to be here with this group today. I appreciate, more than I can say, the contribution that you have all made to our country. I couldn't help but reflect as I sat here with this distinguished group, your officers of this association, and reflect upon the fact that there are three recipients of the presidential medal for national intelligence service just seated here at this one table. And, to reflect upon the combined service of everyone in this room is, indeed, an inspiring thing for me. This has been quite a time to inherit the chairmanship of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. I had been on the committee for only two years, as some of you might know, when I inherited the chairmanship by sort of a quirk of fate. Our party regained control of the Senate and I found the intelligence committee was composed of chairmen of other committees. And, under our rules, since no one can be chairman of more than one committee, that meant with Senator Hollings going to Commerce, Senator Bentsen going to Finance, Senator Nunn going to Armed Services, and Senator Eagleton retiring, that I jumped from sixth out of seventh in seniority to the chairmanship, attempting to preside over this committee of chairmen of all other committees. I keep the gavel in front of me. You know, you look around at Hollings, Nunn and Bentsen, and you don't dare rap the gavel. I realized right off that I would have to try to govern by consensus. It's been a very interesting experience. I was still in shock over the fact that I was going to become chairman and I thought to myself we'll have a couple of months to really get things organized. You'll recall that only two days later the Iran-Contra matter broke and I realized that was going to be in my lap. In fact, my wife and I had the car packed, and we were in the driveway getting ready to go to our home in Oklahoma on a vacation that I'd cancelled three years in a row. (She was getting a little impatient about that.) The phone rang; I heard it from outside on the driveway and said I had better go get that. I was notified that I had to come back. We had that, and then, of course, we had the problem of embassy security. We've had all sorts of other things the committee's had to look at over the past year: our broader authority over verification, and various other things we're now involved with. And, beside that, I still had all my responsibilities on other committees. I was sort of glad for 1987 to end. The Finance Committee met and reorganized and made me chairman of the energy taxation subcommittee. All of you know of all the disasters we've had in the energy business. If that wasn't enough, the Agriculture Committee met and on the day that it was announced that the farm credit system was seven billion dollars in the red they made me chairman of the farm credit subcommittee. So I had all those blessing put upon me at the same time as I was inheriting the chairmanship of the intelligence committee. You have to maintain a sense of humor, as all of you know, to get through situations like these. The President has told me that's what has saved him on a number of occasions. He was telling us recently that when he and Gorbachev had the summit meeting - he had a group of us down for breakfast the day after Mr. Gorbachev left, to give us a briefing on what had gone on - he said that he had to resort to a sense of humor to get through some of the most delicate parts of those conversations. I think it must have been about the time they were on SDI, and things got pretty testy, and he said he decided to find out if Gorbachev had a sense of humor, because he is a very serious person, as you know. So, he decided to tell a joke that was making the rounds that he was sure Gorbachev had not heard yet because it involved Gorbachev. According to the story, Gorbachev, while announcing all of his reforms in Moscow, had also announced that he was going to crack down on speeding. It didn't matter who it was, if it was the KGB, if they were caught speeding they were to be taken to the local police station. They were to make an example, of whoever it was. Well, as these things happen (I remember from experience I had as governor when I was cracking down on speeding, a similar experience), Gorbachev was at his country dacha one weekend and had a very important Monday morning meeting at the Kremlin. He had slept through the alarm clock and was very late. He realized they were going to have to speed to get to the meeting on time. Of course, the big car was waiting in the driveway. He came out and remembered this order he had given, so he said to his driver, "We're going to have to speed. You better just scoot over to the passenger side and I'll drive because we're really going to push hard to get there." So, they're speeding down the road and, of course, there were two Soviet police officers alongside the road. They give chase and pull the car over. One of the policemen is an old veteran and the other is a young rookie. So, naturally, the veteran says to the rookie, "You go up and put whoever is in that big car under arrest, and remember if it's the head of the general staff, the head of the KGB, it doesn't matter. 'You're supposed to put him under arrest. No excuses." So, the young officer goes up to the car and he talks for a long, long time, and finally he came back. The other officer said, "Did you tell them they were under arrest?" He said, "No, no, I just couldn't do it." The veteran asked "Why not?" He said, "Well, the man in that car is just too important to put under arrest." The older policeman said there were no limits, "We have our orders." He said, "You just don't understand, that man is too important." The veteran asked "Well, who was that man anyway?" The rookie replied, "I don't know who in the world he was, but Page 4 Periscope Spring 1988 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 he said his driver was Gorbachev." The President said Gorbachev did have a sense of humor; he slapped his knee. But, sometimes we have to have a sense of humor to get through these situations. I think we are in a very critical time for our country. Of course, every speaker always says we are at one of these watersheds in the history of our country, one of those crucial periods where the decisions we make are going to affect us for a long time to come. But, I think we genuinely are. I think we can say that without any exaggeration. I heard a speaker not too long ago - if you are listening to speakers in audiences as yours, even now, your mind begins to wander and sometimes it's three or four sentences later that you pick up on what someone has said - and the speaker said we of the United States have had an unbroken chain of progress. A part of the American dream that we have taken for granted is that every succeeding generation will be a little better off than the preceding generation, better off in economic terms, better off in terms of quality of life, better off in terms of personal and national security, that our country has been a little stronger and occupies a greater role in world affairs than was true in preceding generations. And, he said, with the things that are now happening, both in the realm of international policy, diplomacy and, certainly, in the area of economic strength of our country, we are the first generation that stands a risk of passing on a diminished heritage to the next generation. That really didn't settle with me for a moment, I really wasn't listening closely, and then all of a sudden I realized what he had said. My first response, I suppose, was one of anger and denial. That certainly could not be true. It's not going to happen to our country. How could he make a pessimistic statement like that? Again, I think that if we are honest with ourselves, we have to say it's a possibility, not an inevitability or something that can't be avoided if we take the right steps, and take them quickly, to avoid the path on which we are headed. There is a crucial period, a very crucial period for our country. We are not exerting consistent influence on world affairs as we should. We are eroding our economic strength. I noticed in the Washington Post last week - I don't know how many of you noticed it, I don't believe it even was on the front page; I believe it was a squib on the bottom of a business page - a three paragraph story with a tiny headline that pointed out that, for the first time, Japanese per capita income had surpassed American per capita income. And, I thought to myself, of the things that grab the headlines, why in the world wasn't that a screaming headline all across the front pages of the newspapers across the country so that it could wake us up? These are signs of the times. And, if there is anything that we need at this particular point of time in Congress, in our political leadership and in our society, , it's consensus building. I suppose that if I have any ambition as a Senator it is to try to be a bridge-builder right now, a builder of bridges between the branches of government, between those that are in the legislative branch. We have too much division. The greatest need we have, for example, in foreign policy right now, is to rebuild that old fashioned national spirit of bi-partisanship that typified American policy for years and years, that was torn asunder by Vietnam and has not been rebuilt since we went through the trauma of the Vietnamese experience. Time and time again, and all of you have had this experience, in talking with leaders of other countries - I just got back from a series of meetings with Senator Pell and Senator Nunn and Senator Byrd and we met with the five prime ministers and presidents of the NATO countries, had long, very frank, very private, candid discussions with them - and with business leaders of other countries, you hear it time and time again: "What in the world is happening to the United States? Where are you headed? What is your policy?" I sat down in early January with the president of one of the Central American countries. I had just been to the five countries in the region and had a long visit with Cardinal Abando Bravo, who is an exceptional man, a very courageous man. I was talking with the president of one of the neighboring countries, I won't embarrass him by saying which one. This was shortly before the meeting with the five presidents. We were hoping that the presidents of the surrounding countries would speak out and call the hand of the Sandinista regime, point out what they were not doing to comply with the peace process and point it out in a very blunt fashion because we knew that Congress was watching very, very closely and that there were going to be those in Congress that would take a reading in terms of future support to the Contra forces depending on what those five presidents said. And, this president just looked at me - we had talked for quite a while and no one else was there - and he said "I want to ask you a question." He said, "What is America's Central American policy? What is the Central American policy of your country?" He said, "I've had a call from your president, I've had a call from your Secretary of State, urging me to speak out, urging me to speak out about what's going on in Nicaragua," he said, "and I have been speaking out." But, he said "I have also had visits from two of your most influential members of Congress who have great impact on the amount of economic aid that my country receives, and they tell me that if I continue to be an apologist for the Contra forces and continue to criticize the Sandinistas in such a harsh way, that I am going to find a lack of support for the economic aid to my country if this continues." He said, "Then I get signals being sent to me from Nicaragua to the effect that I am going to see my own guerrilla forces armed with anti-aircraft missiles, and that the Cubans are wanting to give them already, and that they are going to cease holding them back if I don't stop criticizing them to the degree that I have." And he said, "I don't know if you are going to stay in this region or if you are going to get out of this region. I don't Spring 1988 Periscope Page 5 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 know whether the Congress is going try up with this foreign policy or the president's going to try up with his. I have to know, because," he said, "I'm going to have to live here in this region with a severe military force on my borders, with a guerrilla movement in my own country, and I need to know what kind of accommodations I'm going to have to make." "I need to know," he said, "Senator, what is America's foreign policy in this region?" And, what a tragedy. Even worse was the fact that in all honesty I could not give him an answer in terms of his own national interest and his own survival. I could tell him what I hoped would happen. I could tell what I hoped we would do. And, I could tell him that I hoped we would keep our commitments. But, from his own experience, he would have reason to doubt anything that I could tell him in that area. It is absolutely destroying the credibility of the United States of America, not only with our adversaries who test us unduly because they know we are so uncertain as to our direction. Look what's happened to us in the Middle East. Look what's happened to us - and thank God we have been able to show our resolve - in the Persian Gulf in this situation. If we reversed gears again we would have been totally without a shred of credibility left in that entire crucial region. All around the world it is happening to us. When Ithink back of the time when Eisenhower was President and Sam Rayburn was Speaker of the House and Lyndon Johnson was the majority leader of the Senate and Everett Dirksen was the minority leader, time and time again there was the great example of them meeting down at the White House. We know from some recent books about Mr. Rayburn that have just come out, that they had some very hard arguments, sometimes, behind closed doors. He and Eisenhower really butted heads at times, but when they came out that side entrance of the White House and they met the national and international media, they said "Here is what American foreign policy is." They didn't say this is Republican foreign policy or Democratic foreign policy or congressional foreign policy or presidential foreign policy. They said, "This is America's foreign policy and you can count on it. Our adversaries know what to expect. Our friends know that if they stick with us, we are going to stick with them." We've got to get back to that in this country. There is no more pressing need. And, we're trying to do that, trying to do that in our own small way in the Intelligence Committee. We hope that we can achieve it not only for the sake of national security issues with which we deal but also that we can set an example. I can tell you in all honesty that Senator Cohen, Republican of Maine, who serves as my vice chairman, and I serve really as co-chairmen of that committee. There are no decisions made without the two of us discussing it together. In fact, we don't even go on radio or television interview shows without us discussing it together. We always try to go together. If they won't invite both of us to go, we discuss how we're going to answer questions with each other, before we go, to make sure we don't get into a situation where one group in the committee is played off against the other by the press so they can learn more by trying to stir up some sort of controversy. As we all know, that's what happens. And so we plan it out in advance when we go on these kinds of programs. I can't tell you in terms of our staff how many Republicans are on that staff and how many Democrats are on that staff. We have a professional staff; we do not have it divided along partisan lines and we no longer have a majority and a minority staff. We have one unified staff for the Intelligence Committee and that's how we're trying to operate. We're trying to rebuild that trust. As was said as I watched the unfolding of what we looked at in the Iran-Contra matter, what was very clear to me was that we didn't have an absence of rules and regulations, we had an absence of trust. And, to have trust on both sides means that both sides must meet their responsibilities. It means the Executive Branch must stop using the leak, factions within the Executive Branch, as a way to defeat policy decisions with which they don't agree. And it means that Congress must absolutely prove itself trustworthy to keep the secrets that Congress is going to be able to expect to be given, the kind of information that is necessary for executive oversight. So we adopted tough new rules. As you know, these rules have been enforced. We first ruled that not a single member of our committee can take any classified documents out of the space. I was going to make sure that if there were going to be leaks, they'd at least have to be from memory. If they want to read classified documents now, and I've imposed the same rule upon myself - Senator Byrd and Senator Dole also follow the rule - they come to the Intelligence Committee space to read the documents. i think this is a good discipline. It's a good discipline partly because you remember where you have read that information. It sticks with you as something that is not meant to be discussed. And, I think this creates a climate in which discipline is improved. We don't even allow notes to be taken out of the room now. In classified briefings, members take notes; we have our own individual sealed file folder to which only the individual member of the committee has access. We keep all our notes, even visitors, even those that are coming in to provide us with information, all notes of all briefings are now maintained under lock and key in our committee space. We have more highly compartmentalized our own staff to make sure that information is kept on a need-to-know basis. Our staff member that is tracking one program doesn't know anything about another program that a different staff member is helping us track. We have also, I think most importantly of all, laid down the rule that not only any staff member, but any member, any Senator, that is found guilty of revealing sensitive information in the custody of the committee will be immediately asked to resign. Senator Cohen and I went to Page 6 Periscope Spring 1988 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Senator Byrd and Senator Dole to get their backing since they appoint the members of this committee. For that rule they have given us their whole-hearted support and we have been enforcing it. Believe me, it has caused a peer attitude now within the committee. Members are watching members very, very closely. We count as a matter of pride that instead of seeing who can grab the most headlines with how much sensational information they can give out, it has now become a matter of peer pride within the committee that we have been able to keep the custody of this information, absolutely keep it from leaking out of our committee. Judge Webster and Mr. Gates told me just a couple of weeks ago that from their own tracking of it that, since we have imposed these new rules just about thirteen months ago, there has not even been an allegation of a leak out of the Senate Intelligence Committee. And, I just hope that particular record can keep on going. And so we have tried to make this relationship a constructive one. I appreciate, as I said, the contribution this made. The Intelligence Committee can provide the kind of oversight that is necessary in order to give our government the flexibility that it needs to conduct covert operations. We all know that we have to have the flexibility to utilize that tool. It is not a substitute for declared foreign policy, but it must be available to us in appropriate situations, particularly where third countries simply cannot afford to be involved with us in common purpose unless their involvement is maintained on a confidential or a deniable basis. We have to have that tool. In order to convince the rest of Congress - it's a very tough tight-rope that I have to walk - I have to show that our oversight is aggressive enough, systematic enough and thorough enough to be able to assure my colleagues that distrust covert action, some of them, that we're doing our job. Otherwise, if the Intelligence Committee were totally a rubber stamp, not at all providing systematic oversight, there would be great push in Congress to do away with the flexibility of using covert action at all. We have to guard against that. We must maintain that flexibility and, therefore, we have to show our oversight is systematic. We are now reviewing every single Finding on a quarterly basis, every single Finding in force. I think this is a great step forward. We have worked with the President. Now, the National Security Council makes a similar, parallel, review as does the Intelligence Community. Every three months we review all Findings in force, even those programs that are inactive at this point, to make sure they are still needed. This kind of discipline has been very good for all of us. It means that on a quarterly basis we are very candid in exchanging views with each other. And, I think it's a very constructive process. There are times when we will spot something or we will see some pitfall or we will see some problem with a program, particularly if it ever became publicly known and known to the rest of the members of Congress, where it would cause difficulty, where it would do damage, where we have been able to give that kind of constructive advice and modifications are made. We are trying to create an atmosphere where we have total candor, total trust, total confidentiality for sensitive information and at the same time can operate with the theory that two heads are better than one. From different perspectives we will see different elements of it; we will make this a constructive relationship. We have also tried to be forceful advocates for the budgetary needs of the Intelligence Community. Serving on the Agriculture Committee, I can tell you that we would not have the farm program we have today, as generous as it is, were it not for the fact we have an Agriculture Committee. The Intelligence Committees, if they are properly organized, can be forceful advocates for the real needs of the Intelligence Community from a budgetary point of view. I am very pleased we have had retreats of our committee together with the leadership in the Intelligence Community. We have regular budget hearings. In the past, two or three Senators would go to budget hearings; last year we averaged thirteen out of fifteen members in attendance at all the budgetary hearings that we had. The members became educated and they became advocates of the budgetary need. Some of you probably noticed that just last week, with our report on INF to the Foreign Relations Committee, for example, I was able to report our committee unanimously. By the way, nearly all of our votes have been unanimous; the most split we have been is ten to five and that was not along party lines; I think we've had two votes thirteen to two, and the rest have been fifteen to nothing. That's pretty good on a committee that spans from Cranston and Metzenbaum to Hecht and Hatch. That's an adequate challenge to bring those together, but we have been able to do that. We were able to ask unanimously for a supplemental appropriation, outside of the budget agreement, over and above what is given to the Defense Department and the Intelligence Community for the improvement of our National Technical Means. I think it absolutely critical. If you look at what happens with INF, we are at the very edge, perhaps already at the edge or beyond the edge of our technical capabilities to monitor what we need to monitor. If you impose the START agreement on top of it, with the additional complexity, with the fact that the Soviets would have a much greater reason to cheat under the START agreement than they would under INF - it's very unlikely they are going to hide a couple hundred intermediate missiles someplace and have a situation where they can't test them, and ten thousand legal long-range missiles that they can simply retarget - but, if you get to the START situation where that number is greatly reduced and they have trouble meeting their targets, the incentive to cheat will be much greater and, of course, they're certainly not going to hide them on locations where we have the right to on-site locations, on declared locations. So, the whole burden for assessing the verification of any kind of START agreement superimposed on INF will be on our National Technical Spring 1988 Periscope Page 7 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Means. vice chairmen of the two intelligence committees. We simply do not have the capability at the present time I was still troubled by that. Members of the committee to deal with that kind of challenge - certainly not be able to teased me; They said it was the former governor coming meet that kind of challenge and still meet all the other out in me. But, I was still troubled by that and yet I realized intelligence needs that we have in other trouble spots that if we didn't have some sort of accountability we would around the world. It is imperative; we are working very hard come under this great pressure to try to take action against right now to try and get a total bi-partisan consensus. all covert activities. So, I offered an amendment that we The President has signed on. I finally went to the could reduce that notice down to only four people, just the President personally after I was getting a lot of lip-service Speaker and minority leader and the two leaders of the from DoD and the Intelligence Community. DoD was saying Senate, even leaving out the chairmen and vice-chairmen of we're going to have the best informed force that ever lost the two intelligence committees, because I felt that, after all, because we'll hardly be able to afford ammunition. they were the only people elected by the entire Congress Intelligence was saying we're going to have the greatest and there had been very rare situations in our history, if Technical Means with no analysts to be able to pay for or to ever, that those four individuals would not have been even read the results. Everyone was for doing something, trustworthy. You could still have a flook and have a but no one wanted to pay for it. So, I finally went to the chairman or a vice-chairman of one of the two intelligence President and made a personal appeal for his support for a committees that might not fit the definition of being totally supplemental appropriation over and above what is in the worthy of that kind of trust. So, we tried to strike a balance - intelligence budget or the military budget, totally outside the very, very difficult to do. budget agreement. Another thing we did, the original bill had in it that any I'm very hopeful we're going to be able to do that and third country that was being helpful in a Finding would have for the sake of our national security we need to do it. I to be named in the Finding, in writing. I saw right off that would certainly urge your help and your support in this would be a real problem with intelligence services of other process with members of the Congress that you know, with countries and governments of other countries if they had to members of the Administration that you know, to continue be named in this way. We pulled that out of the bill, for to help us to push this supplemental appropriation forward. example, and no longer require that. We will work out our We're trying to work also, to be advocates, for personnel own procedures as we have in the past, usually notification improvements, for incentives to keep our best people in the of just two or three key people where other countries are Intelligence Community and, in short, we're trying to be a involved, and sometimes even the identity, of course, is not positive force. We're also trying to be a buffer between the listed. Community, and the professionals in the Community, and We tried to put in all the protections possible to make it the political side of things so that the Community will not be clear that the committees should not have to be told abused and caught in political situations when you have information that would compromise sensitive sources and policy shifts or changes of opinion in which they really end methods. We simply have no reason to know the individual up suffering the damage in a very unfair way. identity of persons or other resources that are being used. We're also trying to avoid over-reaction to what we've We tried to stop an overreaction. That's not easy to do with been through over the last year. I've tried to say again and the kind of situation through which we've passed. again that as we looked at the Iran-Contra matter we did not We've also, I think, stopped the idea of creating a single find systematic involvement of the Intelligence Community; intelligence committee. I know that's a controversial one We did not find systematic involvement, for example, in the and I hope I'm not blinded or biased by the fact that if we Central Intelligence Agency. We found some individual combine them who knows who the chairman would be and involvement, but we have to be very careful that we do not some of us sit owould e F out uncof a job. Committee, e sl see the Joint overreact to right them. about. There is legislation, Senate Bill 1721, that has passed the Economic Committee, for example, and I've watched the Senate now with an overwhelming vote that tightens the work of other joint committees. Have you ever seen a joint way we issue Findings. It was not without controversy. It committee that was powerful? The joint House-Senate was a bill that was troubling to me in the beginning. I made committees just simply are not. They simply cannot some very substantial modifications in that bill and, in fact, maintain their own jurisdiction and, believe me, we have to that was one of those in which we had the most division in fight to maintain our jurisdiction all the time. The Foreign the Committee. I finally prevailed on one point, for example. Relations Committee wants part of what we're working on. The bill provides that the President will notify Congressional The Judiciary Committee, most recently with the FBI matter, committees within forty-eight hours after the issuance of a wants to hold hearings on things we're working on. The Finding. It does say that in situations of extreme sensitivity Government Operations Committee wants GAO audits of all that he can keep that notification to only eight people: the the Intelligence Community work. majority and minority leaders of the Senate, the Speaker of We constantly have to fight to maintain the jurisdiction the House, the minority leader and the two chairmen and of the Intelligence Committee and to make sure that we Periscope Spring 1988 Page 8 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 don't get back into the situation again were we have scores of committees around the Congress being furnished with highly sensitive information. I'm convinced that the first thing that would happen if we had a joint committee is that the House committees and the Senate committees would begin to try and invade the jurisdiction of the joint committee. It is just much harder for another Senate committee to invade the jurisdiction of colleagues who sit on that Senate committee than it is for them to invade the jurisdiction of a joint committee. I'm afraid that instead of reducing the number of people who would know the secrets, instead of reducing the number of people involved on the intelligence side, that if we went to a joint committee what we would end up with four or five years down the road is the situation we had several years ago where all of these other committees were insisting on common jurisdiction and information that they simply should not have. We have worked very hard in the kinds of times in which we are operating to try to build this kind of consensus, to rebuild the trust which I think has been rebuilt and to make the intelligence oversight committees a constructive force, and to say to the Congress: Here are the most sensitive of all issues, issues like verification of arms control, issues like embassy security, issues like those we looked at in the Intelligence Committee in the Iran-Contra matter, and others. And, here's a committee that spans this kind of political spectrum, eight Democrats and seven Republicans, as I said from Cranston and Metzenbaum to Hatch and Hecht, and yet on all of these major items we have been either been fifteen to nothing or fourteen to one. It shows it can be done. It shows we can rebuild that kind of consensus. If we can do that in these most sensitive of national security areas, we can begin to do it in a bi-partisan way across the board, and we must do it. We must form a consensus, not only on issues of national security, but we must also form a consensus as we meet our economic challenges as well. I'm going to conclude with just one point on the economic side. As I mentioned, as we think, very seriously, about what we are handing on to the next generation, if we don't play our role right, if we don't know what our role is, and that's the frustration I have, as I said, sometimes in meetings with my colleagues in Congress and, as I said, sometimes in meetings in the White House. We have five hundred thirty-five people in Congress who all think they should be Commander-in-Chief, Secretary of State, Director of Central Intelligence. We also have, at times, people in the White House that don't understand that while the President may initiate foreign policy decisions, and sure he must, especially to be able to have the flexibilty to act in an emergency, that Congress in the long run must appropriate the money and issue support for the policy in order to sustain it. Each side must understand its own role and work together. And we have to do it on the economic front as well. I saw one statistic the other day that really brought it home. We talked about the erosion of our economic strength in this country. The writer said that in 1980, we were a net creditor nation and it had taken four generations to build up the surplus balance that we had in terms of our trade balance and our investment balance with the rest of the world. By early 1985, just four years later, we had become a debtor nation. We are now the largest debtor nation, as you all know, in the world. We're in a situation where by the year 2000 we will either have to find a way to double our exports in the world market or cut our imports in half if we are simply going to be able to pay the interest on the external debt we built up. He said, to put it in perspective, here is what has happened: What it took four generations of Americans to build up, we wiped out by living beyond our means in only four years. Now you think about that. I heard someone the other day, in a talk, in which he recalled what he'd asked his high school world history teacher. He'd asked her why was it that the United States was so unique, why had we achieved so much. Other countries have similar populations, similar natural resources, at least to some degree, why have we developed in such a unique way, why have we been so fortunate, why we exert the leadership role we have in the world today and enjoy the prosperity we have. She gave him an answer I thought was a marvelous answer. She said, "Because there's something very special about Americans. Americans, generation after generation, have always cared more about their children's future than they care about their own present." That really sums it up. I think that is the dream we all have. We want to take the heritage that is handed on to us, add something of ourselves to it, something of our own sacrifice to it, and hand it on enhanced to the next generation. That's our challenge. That's what we have to do. We can only do it if we band together, if we unify ourselves, if we begin to realize in the two branches of government here in Washington that we all work for the same people, that we all work for a common purpose and that we are all going to have to make some common sacrifices together down the line - appeal to the best instincts of the American people, that's what leadership is all about -- then I think we can do it. We've met challenges before. We've come through with flying colors. This is a difficult one. It hangs in the balance what we will hand on to the next generation. But, I think we have the spirit and the determination to keep that chain of unending progress unbroken. Thank you. AFIO SPRING LUNCHEON June 6, 1988 Guest Speaker: Arnaud de Borchgrave Spring 1988 Periscope Page 9 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 NEW LIFE MEMBERS Mr. Karl B. McLEOD Beling, Texas CDR William Benteen BAILEY, (USN-Ret.) Annandale, Virginia BrigGen Richard S. BEYEA (USAF-Ret.) Alexandria, Virginia Dr. Robert L. BURKE Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Mr. J. Foster COLLINS McLean, Virginia Mr. Patrick J. DONLEA Barrington, Illinois Dr. Rollie M. DUDIK Miami, Florida Mr. Clair E. GEORGE Bethesda, Maryland RADM Donald P. HARVEY, (USN-Ret.) Potomac, Maryland Mr. Jeremy KUNEN Sarasota, Florida Mr. Zura E. KWONG Elmhurst, New York New Book Discloses CIA Pentration It took a trip behind the Iron Curtain, but it was worth it for Ronald Kessler, the author of Spy vs. Spy: Stalking Soviet Spies in America. In Czechoslovakia he met with deported spy Karl Koelcher and his wife who were swapped for Anatole Scharansky, the famous Soviet dissident. In the interview, Koecher describes why he devoted his life to the KGB and how he was able to penetrate the CIA. Kessler documents the meeting with exclusive photos included in the book. In the book, the author also describes the major security breaches in the NSA and CIA, including the fascinating interaction between the two agencies. With the cooperation of the FBI, he takes the reader on an actual FBI capture of a KGB agent. The book purports to reveal new details about the Pollard, Pelton and Walker espionage cases. (Scribner, 1988. $19.95) Mr. Wilbur T. MEASLEY, Jr. Mount Holly, New Jersey Dr. James G. MIDDLETON, M.D. Des Plaines, Illinois Mr. Milan C. "Mike" MISKOVSKY Washington, D.C. CDR Robert L. MOORE, (USN-Ret.) Albuquerque, New Mexico Mr. Harold D. REAM Port Charlotte, Florida Mr. George C. RODGERS Medina, Ohio LTC Lawrence B. ROY (USN-Ret.) New Castle, Maine LTC Philip J. RYAN Fresno, California Mr. F. Eugene SOMERS Annapolis, Maryland Mr. Frederick C. TOWER Bethesda, Maryland "Cooler King" Has Escaped Again COL Jerry Sage, the author of Sage: The Dagger of OSS and the escapee known as the "Cooler King" in the book The Great Escape, is now autographing copies of his new deluxe edition for AFIO members from a new address. This edition, containing 400 pages and 60 original photos, includes Sage's behind-the-lines OSS operations, all nine escape attempts, including details of the final, and successful, one. The author includes interviews with top officials of the Lublin Provisional Government and describes how the Soviets imposed Communism on Poland. Sage's book has been described as a story of high adventure, faith, miracles and good humor. Personally inscribed copies are available for $17.95 from Jerry Sage, 400 Lakeshore Road, Enterprise, AL 36330. Jerry asks that you specify the.inscription(s) desired when ordering copies of the book. Page 10 Periscope Spring 1988 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Control of Covert Operations: A Constitutional Issue Rep. Dick Chaney There is a consensus in Washington after Iran-Contra that the process for managing legislative-executive relations on covert operations could be improved. The consensus quickly breaks down, however, as people begin putting forward concrete suggestions. A bill, already passed by the Senate and moving forward in the House, would require the president under all conditions, with no exceptions, to notify Congress of covert operations within 48 hours of their start. It is a typical example of "never again" thinking by Congress, to make sure the last disaster will never again repeat itself. Congress is willing to deprive future presidents of all possible discretion under conditions Congress cannot possibly foresee. At the heart of the dispute over this bill is a deeper one over the scope of the president's inherent constitutional power. I believe the president has the authority, without statute, to use the resources placed at his disposal to protect American lives abroad and to serve other important foreign policy objectives short of war. Congress does have the power, however, to control the money and material resources available to the president for covert actions. Because Congress arguably cannot fulfill its legislative function on future money bills without information, some kind of reporting requirement can be understood as a logical extension of legitimate legislative power. The constitutional question is: What are the limits to what Congress may demand as an adjunct to its appropriation power? Broadly speaking, Congress may not use the money power to achieve purposes that it would be unconstitutional for it to achieve directly. It could not place a condition on the salaries of judges, for example, to prohibit the judges from spending any time to reach a particular constitutional conclusion. In the same way, Congress could not use its clearly constitutional powers over executive branch resources and procedures to invade an inherently presidential power. How does this reasoning apply to the proposed 48-hour rule? In 1980, Congress revised the intelligence oversight law to require the president to notify the House and Senate intelligence committees before beginning any significant, anticipated intelligence activity. It justified the requirement on its need for information to fulfill its legislative power to appropriate money. There is a line of Supreme Court cases, dating back to 1821, upholding Congress's implied power to demand information. But what happens if the power to demand information confronts another implied power held by another branch that is equally well-grounded on a constitutional foundation? That was the issue in the executive privilege case of US v. Nixon. In that case, we learned that the decision in any particular case must rest on competing claims of the two branches at odds with each other. That is how I think the 48-hour rule must be considered. The 48-hour rule recognizes the president's inherent power to initiate a covert action - as long as that action is limited to resources already available to the president. If Congress ever tries to insist on advance approval, that would surely be overturned as a legislative veto. But if the president has the inherent power to initiate covert actions, then the same rule that gives Congress the implied power to demand information also gives the president the implied powers he may need to put his acknowledged power into effect. In virtually all cases there is no conflict between the president's power to initiate an action and requiring the president to notify the intelligence committees (or a smaller group of leaders) of that operation in advance. In a few very rare circumstances, however, there can be a direct conflict. One good example was the Carter administration's decision to withhold notification of some Iran hostage rescue operations. In one case, notification was withheld for about three months until six Americans could be smuggled out of the Canadian Embassy in Tehran. In fact, Canada made withholding notification a condition of its participation. The Iranian hostage examples show that when notification has to be withheld may depend not on how much time has elapsed, but on the character of the operation. There is no question that when other governments place specific security requirements on cooperating with the US, the no- exceptions aspect of the 48-hour rule would be equivalent to denying the president his inherent power to act. What is the constitutional justification for the proposed bill? The best argument, to quote the Senate Intelligence Committee, is that notification is needed "to provide Congress with an opportunity to exercise its responsibilities under the Constitution." The problem is that there is no legislative power that requires notification under all conditions during any precisely specified time period. All Congress needs to know is whether to continue funding on- going operations. Who should have the power to decide that notification would make action impossible? In the rare situation in which a president believes he must delay notification as a necessary adjunct to fulfilling his constitutional mandate, that decision must rest with the president. The president obviously cannot consult with Congress about whether to consult. You could argue that failure to notify might, in the extreme, deprive Congress of this power. Iran-Contra was such an extreme. But the price of assuring notification within a specific time period is to make some potentially life- saving operations impossible. On the scale of risks, there is more reason to be concerned about depriving the president of his ability to act than about Congress's alleged inability to respond. Congress eventually will find out about decisions of any consequence. When that happens, it has the political tools to take retribution. President Reagan learned this dramatically. It is a lesson no future president is likely to forget. [The foregoing is an excerpt of a longer exposition by Rep. Chaney, a member of the House Perm. Select Committee on Intelligence, that appeared in the Wall Street Journal.] Spring 1988 Periscope Page 11 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Intelligence Issues: Leaks The grave effects of unauthorized disclosures upon US intelligence and our foreign policy is a problem we had better begin thinking about with some urgency. The seriousness and universality of "leaks" are obvious. Yet many continue to maintain there's no proof that Congress leaks or that it leaks significantly. And, even when acknowledging problems with the Executive branch or Congress, powerful legislative figures habitually object to virtually every initiative for investigating and punishing these occurences, while failing to offer alternative solutions .. . Regardless of claims that Congress must be considered innocent until proven guilty of security lapses, damage to the oversight process occurred as soon as a widespread perception developed that the legislative branch could not be trusted. This perception has seriously affected Executive branch cooperation with intelligence oversight committees. A similar attitude is harbored by allied intelligence services who decide whether to trade information with US intelligence, what quality of information they will provide and whether they will actively cooperate with us in other ways . . . Congressmen by nature have strong political views, cater to and depend on the press, and are not imbued with the security habits of intelligence professionals. Thus, they naturally fall under suspicion . . . Ex-CIA Director Colby recalls in his memoirs that every new covert action disclosed to Congress in 1975 was leaked. "And the'covert' part of CIA's covert action seemed almost gone." The notorious laxity of the Church and Pike investigations tainted the more rigorous Intelligence Committees which took their place. No less a journalistic authority on leaks than Daniel Schorr noted in a Washington Post article " ... that it has never been suggested that a Member of Congress could be disciplined other than by Congress itself. This is relevant because (I don't think that I am baring any great journalistic secrets) the exposure of covert intelligence questions is frequently a form of congressional whistle-blowing. A leak often occurs when a clandestine plan runs into substantial opposition during a briefing for congressional committees." Schorr went on to cite a number of specific leaks of information on Angola, Chile, Nicaragua, El Salvador and Libya. Recently, there have been several known and serious disclosures on each of the Oversight Committees. Those who nonetheless continue categorically to defend the committees' records apparently depend upon congressional courtesy to forestall "name names" rebuttal. In the congressional Select Committees' final report on the Iran- Contra affair, the minority report devoted a chapter to the need to patch leaks. It pointed out the early history of problems with unauthorized disclosures in Congress and gave more recent examples of alleged congressional leaks published in other sources, including use of the threat of disclosure by several individuals in order to block executive branch actions of which they disapproved . . . The situation has been allowed to deteriorate so far that the task of changing this permissive culture is now monumental. Success will come very slowly indeed, and will result only from a persistent and aggressive attack across a broad front, in both Congress and the executive branch. Representative Henry Hyde House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence I ? 0 The senatorial leak of the CIA mining operation in Corinto Harbor blew the best single chance for a non- communist Nicaragua, and also ignited the distrust that led to the Boland amendments, the Iran-Contra spectacle, and the whole debate over covert actions and congressional notification . . The CIA briefed Congress 11 times on the mining, starting in January 1984 ... It was probably inevitable that this would leak out - other congressmen where also divulging the news - given a congressional minority hotly opposed to the whole US policy in Nicaragua ... The leak was unfortunate enough, but the real scandal was the Pecksniffianism that followed: The Senate decided the whole blame lay with the CIA ... Once public, the mining soon ended. The Contra gains in Nicaragua were quickly sacrificed. And the ideological left took the opportunity to gather support for the infamous third Boland amendment, which prohibited intelligence agencies from running the Contra aid program ... Naturally, so spectacular a leak, and especially the congressional reaction to it, was bound to increase executive branch distrust of Congress ... We see it as congressional irresponsibility eliciting the predictable reaction among people with serious business to do and lives on the line. You can argue over the semantics of the CIA briefing, but the bottom line is that Congress leaked and maybe lost the war Our view of this affair is that congressmen could not forgive the CIA for notifying them about the mining, forcing them to explain their acquiescence or deny that they knew. The Corinto leaks and the diversionary debate about who knew what when are good arguments against any restrictive notification requirement. Nor was Corinto the only leak from the Senate committee. The successors to Messrs. Goldwater and Moynihan on the intelligence committee were Dave Durenburger, who is under investigation for leaking that the US recruits Israelis to spy on Israel, and Patrick Leahy, who resigned from the committee after admitting that he'd leaked a preliminary draft of the Iran-Contra report. It is of course good to build confidence, and the President may very well want to experiment with the 48-hour notification of a different intelligence committee headed by David Boren. But it is quite another thing to promise the same thing for all future Presidents and all future Committees. Editorial Wall Street Journal Page 12 Periscope Spring 1988 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Letters to the Editor Not Unfriendly Resource Says Armstrong Editor, Periscope: I was recently sent a copy of your Periscope article entitled "Unfriendly Resources For Research On Intelligence and Whatever" in the Winter 1988 issue. The article accurately reflects our intention to assemble as non- partisan and "complete a documentary record of recent and contemporary policy-making as possible within the constraints of security classification." Your choice of a headline for the article, however, leaves the inaccurate impression that we are "unfriendly" to the intelligence community. In fact, many former intelligence officers, including all four living former Directors of Central Intelligence, support our activity as an effort to accurately document and demythologize foreign, defense, intelligence and international economic policy. I can assure you that the members of your own organization who use our facilities regularly or seek our assistance to obtain declassification of materials they wish to use in their work are treated in a "friendly," courteous and professional manner. Scott Armstrong Executive Director The National Security Archive Look to White House, Not CIA Editor, Periscope; Senator Patrick Leahy, as reported in the Winter issue of Periscope, has treated us to one of his non sequiturs, in giving his reasons for proposing that the DCI be given a set term of years. This is intended to depoliticize CIA by reducing the degree of White House influence on the DCI. There are some valid reasons for such a step, just as there are reasons for having reservations about it. In any event, Senator Leahy's rationale for his proposal is as follows: "To avert rogue operations like selling arms to Iran for hostages and diverting the profits to the Contras, I have suggested that in the future CIA Directors be named in the same way as FBI Directors." Whoa, there, Senator! It was those guys on the President's staff in the White House who ran those operations, not CIA or its people. If that is your reason you'd best get back to the drawing board, because your proposal doesn't touch the ones you are after. Of course, there are major constitutional obstacles to legislation that would try to direct the President how to conduct diplomatic negotiations, which is what the Iran affair was. One wonders - given Senator Leahy's proffered rationale - if the proposal isn't an attempt to demonstrate that the Congress is able to do something, even if addressed at the wrong target. Scott D. Breckinridge Hale Foundation Seeks Resolution Support Editor, Periscope: As you know, "National Intelligence Community Week' this year is from June 5 through June 12. A joint resolution has been introduced in the Congress - S.J. Res. 288 in the Senate and H.J. Res. 487 in the House of Representatives. The Hale Foundation urges you to inform your members of the resolution numbers; their help is needed to gain co- sponsors for the resolutions to get them out of committee for a floor vote. As Senator David Boren, Chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, said last year in reference to the same resolution, "We hope that this recogniton will convey a deep sense of gratitude to the men and women who, with selfless dedication, devote themselves to our country through their mostly unrecognized duties in the intelligence community." Thank you for your help. Also, please don't forget the ceremony on June 6, 1988, Nathan Hale's birthday, at the Hale statue at the Justice Department building - 10:00 a.m. - to provide time to get to the AFIO luncheon at 11:00. Lawrence B. Sulc President The Hale Foundation Reduced Hotel Rates Offered in SF_ Editor, Periscope: Any AFIO members wishing to stay in my Hotel Commodore, San Francisco, may enjoy a minimum rate for our best available rooms if they mention membership or ask for me or manager Roger Krakow, a veteran Air Force member. The Commodore International Hotel is located at 825 Sutter Street, San Francisco, 94109. We suggest reservations be made at least one week in advance where possible. Phone (415) 923-6800. Craig Smith Arlington Hall Countdown Continues Editor's Note: We would like to extend our appreciation to those members who have written either to add to or correct inaccuracies in the Periscope report on the history of Arlington Hall. They have all been passed to local groups seeking to preserve this "Monument to Intelligence." Fortunately, the appropriation bill for the Department of State for this fiscal year prohibits expenditure of funds for the construction of new Foreign Service Institute facilities on the site. Unfortunately, the delay is only temporary, and public appeal to the Congress to save Arlington Hall has been insufficient to stop the count-down to destruction. Spring 1988 Periscope Page 13 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) William F. Mr ARRINGTON COOPER, CAPT David S. FISHER, CAPT H. E. . , tion Court 6 Pl t (USN-Ret.) (USN-Ret.) an a MD 20852 kville R 3805 Winterset Dr. 7503 Wexford Place 310 , oc Annandale, VA 22003 Alexandria, VA 22 Christopher J. Mr BAIRD COTNER, Mr. Mike R. GAMBRELL, Mr. James T. #203B . , 4261 North 31st Place 6822 S. 236th E Ave. 2501 Lazy Hollow, 7063 Phoenix, AZ 85016 Broken Arrow, OK 74014 Houston, TX 7 Jack H Mr BAYER DALY, Mr. John L. GARVER, Mr. Carl P. 7 . . , 32 Duncott Road 1218 S. 12th St P. 0. Box 2014 FL 33742 Fairport, NY 14450 1st Front St. Petersburg, Philadelphia, PA 19147 BrigGen Richard S. BEYEA di GENOVA, Mr. Joseph E. GEIS, Mr. Duane Gregory i , ) USAF-Ret 5807 Hillburne Way ar 2118 Shadowbr 77 . ( 7832 Lee Avenue Chevy Chase, MD 20815 Houston, TX 770 Alexandria, VA 22308 Robert L. Dr BURKE DITZLER, Dr. Thomas F. GEORGE, Mr. Clair E. d . , 2409 NE 37 Street 112-4 Powa Place 5026 Allan Roa 816 Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33308 Kailua, HI 96734 Bethesda, MD 20 VADM Edward A. BURKHALTER DUGGER, Mr. John A. GIOVINAZZO, Mr. Anthony J. d R , USN-Ret) 5813 Rockmere Dr. oa 3725 Center 44212 ( 4128 Fort Worth PI Bethesda, MD 20816 Brunswick, OH Alexandria, VA 22304 Gordon C. Mr CASWELL DuRANT, LTC Henry L. GOLDASICH, Mr. Robert P. . , 8706 Victoria Rd (AUS-Ret) 1687 Aloha . Springfield, VA 22151 3619 Prentice Ave Worden, IL 62097 Columbia, SC 29205 William L Mr CATLIN EVANS, Mr. John H. GRAY, Mrs. Lynda B. T . . , 134 Buckeye RD 2, Box 1755 er. 8111 Touchstone 2102 Katy, TX 77450 Arlington, VT 05250 McLean, VA 2 Gregory D. Mr CHAMBERS FEDOR, Mr. William D. GREEN, Mr. William C. #5 d . , 81 State Street 9607 Westport La. , 78 Bay State Roa 2215 Brooklyn, NY 11201 Burke, VA 22015 Boston, MA 0 Harry W. Mr CILABEAUX FERNANDEZ, Mr. Joseph F. GRIBI, Mr. Edward A. Jr. ad R . , 1904 Fontana Ave. 9542 Whitecedar Court o 51280 Pine Canyon A 93930 Las Vegas, NV 89106 Vienna, VA 22180 King City, C Periscope Spring 1988 Page 14 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) HAMMERSEN, Mr. Peter A. JOHNSON, Mr. Ronald W. LUKEY, Mr. Todd J P. 0. Box 508 8989 Omega Court 4121 Reo Coach Fredericksburg, TX 78624 Springfield, VA 22152 N.Las Vegas, NV 89030 HATIN, Mr. Richard L. JOHNSTON, Mr. Harold E. LUNT, Mr. Robert G. 27 Lexington Ave 13015 Shadwell Court 6102 Eagle Landing Rd. Manchester, NH 03104 Woodbridge, VA 22192 Burke, VA 22015 HENRY, Mr. James Murray JOLLIFF, Mr. Wade A. Jr. MACKEY, Col Francis J. 4510 Abbott, #46 P. 0. Box 340571 (USAF-Ret.) Dallas, TX 75205 Tampa, FL 33694 8002 Garlot Drive Annandale, VA 22003 HETU, Mr. Herbert E. JOUBERT, Mr. Richard J. MARKOVIC, Mr. Cedomir 1111 Michigan Court 12319 Manvel Lane 3111 N. 20th Street Alexandria, VA 22314 Bowie, MD 20715 Arlington, VA 22201 HINTZE, Mr. Grant G. KENDIG, Mr. Robert E. MARSHALL, Mr. Brian L. 1835 E. Morten Ave., #201 4201 Cathedral Ave, #115E 2400 Virginia Ave NW Phoenix, AZ 85020 Washington, DC 20016 #C1012 Washington, DC 20037 HINZ, CDR Orville C. KLEIN, Mr. Eugene A. MARTIN, Mr. John T. (USN-Ret.) 4410 Oglethorpe St., #605 1417 San Rafael NE 1207 Autre Court Hyattsville, MD 20781 Albuquerque, NM 87122 Rockville, MD 20851 HOWE, Mr. Charles E. KUETHE, LTC Ralph W. MARTIN, Mr. William D. 7734 Pinyon Road (USA-Ret) 9306 Triola Lane Hanover, MD 21076 6450 Queen Anne Terrace Houston, TX 77036 Falls Church, VA 22044 HULL, CAPT Fred A. LAYMAN, Mr. John G. MASTENBROOK, Mr Jack D. (USN-Ret) 1619 W. Boise Place 5016 Pershing S.E. 3811 Whitman Road Chandler, AZ 85224 Albuquerque, NM 87108 Annandale, VA 22003 JENKINS, RADM John S. LONG, Mr. Patrick G. MAYER, Mr. Charles R. (USN-Ret.) 8502 Cherry Valley La P.O. Box 267 5809 Helmsdale Lane Alexandria, VA 22309 Highland City, FL 33846 Alexandria, VA 22310 JESSUP, Mr. Geoffrey D. LOVERIDGE, CDR George W. McDONALD, CAPT Richard R. 305 Montana Wells Rd. N.E. (USN-Ret.) (USN-Ret.) Rio Rancho, NM 87124 6809 Weaver Avenue 16017 Malcolm Drive McLean, VA 22101 Laurel, MD 20707 Spring 1988 Periscope Page 15 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) McNABB, Col David R. RING, Mr. J. Daniel SHAW, LTC Franklin P. Jr. 903 Setter Court P. 0. Box 60 (USA-Ret.) Seffner, FL 33584 State College, PA 16801 4933 Pommander Walk Alexandria, VA 22314 McQUIDDY, Mr. John H. ROBERTS, Mr. Michael B. SHIRLEY, Mr. Joe 515 Westwood Office Park 711 E. 12th Street P. 0. Box 913 Fredericksburg, VA 22401 Tifton, GA 31794 Morrow, GA 30260 MITCHELL, CDR Martin R. ROTH, Mr. James M. SHUCK, Mr. Kenneth L. 2760 Arnoldson Ave 2C Cameo Lane 16208 Alson Way San Diego, CA 92122 Circle Pines, MN 55014 Bowie, MD 20716 MURPHY, Mr. Arthur W. ROUKIS, Mr. George S. SHUFELT, BG James W. 4563 King Edward Court 198 Continental Dr. 2703 Franklin Ct. Annandale, VA 22003 Manhasset Hills, NY 11040 Alexandria, VA 22302 O'LEARY, Col Paul F. ROY, LTC Lawrence B. SINGER, Mr. Robert C. P. C). Box 25 (USA-Ret), Acad. Hill Rd., 501 Tulip Avenue Rochester, NH 03867 RR 1, Box 497 Floral Park, NY 11001 Newcastle, ME 04553 PAGE, Mr. John A. RUBLEE, Mrs. Edna C. SNELL, Col Albert W. 7107 Buckingham Dr. 1086 Forest Lakes Dr., #201 (USMC-Ret.) Germantown, TN 38138 Naples, FL 33942 6310 Golf Course Square Alexandria, VA 22307 PAIST, Mr. Paul H. SAUL, Mr. Joseph H. SOURBEER, CAPT Emory R. 3315 3rd, #2 6063-3 Majors Lane (USN-Ret.) Tillamook, OR 97141 Columbia, MD 21045 7188 Duval Island Dr. Floral City, FL 32636 PICKRELL, Mr. Daniel J. SCHULER, Ms. Alison K. SPENCER, LtCol Paul C. 875 Longview Road 632 Cougar Loop NE (USAF-Ret.) Hillsborough, CA 94010 Albuquerque, NM 87122 509 Adams Lane Waldorf, MD 20601 RAKESTRAW, Dr. J. William SEGAL, Mr. Carl G. STANHOPE, Mr. Robert P. 2666 Reign Street 953 Hemenway Ave N.E. 305 Commercial St., #663 Reston, VA 22071 Port Charlotte, FL 33980 Portland, ME 04101 RICHARDSON, Mr. Robert P. SEXTON, Mr. Joseph L. STEVER, Mr. James A. 10211 Waterbury Ct. 12301 Trout Circle 18 Laurelwood Dr. Manassas, VA 22110 Spring Hill, FL 34609 Milford, OH 45150 Page 16 Periscope Spring 1988 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) SURGENER, Mr. Damon M. 5809 Brittany Valley Rd Louisville, KY 40222 TEEL, Mr. Larry L. 634 Goldsborough Dr. Rockville, MD 20850 TOWERS, Mr. Frederic C. 8033 Herb Farm Drive Bethesda, MD 20817 TUTTLE, Mr. Andrew C. 6501 Mecham Avenue Las Vegas, NV 89107 VANDERBILT, LTC W. Wharton 70 Meernaa Fairfax, CA 94930 WEYMOUTH, Mr. David E. 10116 Masters Dr NE Albuquerque, NM 81111 WILLIAMS, Mr. Hilleary S. 723 So. Second Ave. Suite 2 Arcadia, CA 91006 WOOD, Mr. Sidney E. Jr. 1614 Courtland Rd. Alexandria, VA 22306 ZAMMARELLA, Mr. Louis J. 11600 Connecticut Ave Silver Spring, MD 20902 Article VI - Membership A. There shall be three (3) classes of members: (1) Full, (2) Associate, and (3) Life. Full members are eligible to attend all meetings of members, to vote at all meetings, and to be an officer in the Corporation. The qualifications of Full members and Associate members are set forth below, in other paragraphs of this Article. A Life member is one who is, or is qualified to be, a Full member or an Associate member and who pays the dues established for Life members. The rights of a Life member are only those derived from his qualification to be either a Full member or an Associate member. An Associate member or a Life member, based on his qualification to be an Associate member, is not eligible to be an officer of the Corporation or to vote, but may attend all meetings of the members. B. Any United States citizen who has had his or her principal duty in the intelligence field for the US Government is eligible to apply for Full membership in the Corporation. C. Individuals who may otherwise qualify for membership by virtue of previous service but who are presently employed in a full-time capacity with an intelligence service of the US government are not eligible for membership. D. Members of the Armed Services, otherwise eligible, who are not presently serving in a full-time intelligence assignment are eligible to apply for Full membership. E. A United States citizen, not otherwise eligible for Full membership, who supports the principles of the Corporation may make application for Associate membership. F. The right to vote and to be an Officer or Director of the Corporation will be limited to persons holding Full membership or Life membership based on his qualification to be a Full member. G. A member will remain in good standing so long as he pays the prescribed dues and whose conduct has not been judged by a majority of the Directors to be in conflict with the purposes and principles of the Corporation. H. Applications for all classes of membership, Full, Associate, Life, or Corporate, and all applications for renewal, will be submitted to the Board of Directors for approval. Members in the News Addison Bragg, a columnist for the Billings Gazette and an active member of AFIO, has been appointed by Secretary of the Army John 0. Marsh, Jr., as Civilian Aide to the Secretary of the Army for Montana. In his role as Civilian Aide, Bragg will serve as the Secretary's principal civilian advisor in the State of Montana. His activities include interpreting and relating Army policies to the citizens of Montana and serving as a liaison between Montana citizens and the Department of the Army. Appointed for two year terms, the Civilian Aides serve in a volunteE!r capacity. James Flannery, a retired CIA officer, serves as moderator for "Great Decisions '88," Elizabeth City, NJ, a national opinion forum designed ':o help area residents understand U.S. foreign policy. The series, which is held at the College of the Albermarle, is discussing such issues as Mexico and the United State, US trade and global markets and reform in the Soviet Union. Spring 1988 Periscope Page 17 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFIO Chapters Active Nationwide Arizona. Arizona Chapter. The chapter met for luncheon on Saturday, January 23rd, at the Aztec Inn, Tuscon. Results of the election were announced with the 1988 officers being Robert A. Nugent, president; Donald D. Dagleisch, vice president; and James W. Browitt, secretary. The speaker was David McKinley, Director of the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center at Maran. An interesting overview of the Center's training program and its mission were presented. A representative of the Intelligence Museum Foundation made a brief presentation of plans for the museum at Fort Huachuca. Ca[i forma. San Diego Chapter One. Forty-one members and guests sat captivated at the January 22nd meeting, as Michael Bonafield, an editorial writer for the San Diego Union, explained how Americans and Russians view the term glasnost. Americans, he said, believe it means "openness" or a move by the Soviet Union towards a more "open" society, but that is not what it means to the Russians. To them, it means "looking at the system," perhaps to evaluate it to see if changes are warranted. Glasnost, according to Bonafield, is not a new term. Peter the Great used it when he tried to woo Russians away from traditional ways and to adopt modern concepts emerging in Western Europe. There can be no doubt, said Bonafield, that anyone who looks at the Communist system in the USSR will realize that changes are desperately needed. The Soviet Union is a superpower only in military strength. In all other aspects, it is a third-world country. The poor quality of their manufactured goods precludes all but 17 percent of them selling on the world market. Russians will always purchase foreign products if they can afford them, which few can, rather than purchase like Soviet products that are so poorly made. To raise the quality of Russian-made goods, many factories will have to be closed and modernized. This will result in the loss of 16 million jobs, and this could spell trouble for Mikhail Gorbachev. What this means is that such changes will be slow, very slow, Bonafield warned. Initial changes are most likely to be cultural; there will be more openness such as has been suggested by Mayor Maureen O'Connor in inviting Soviet artists to San Diego this summer. Whatever changes are made, said Bonafield, we can be certain the Soviet Union is not going to back away from Marxism-Leninism. Those Russians favoring change are found among the technocrats and the young people, mainly city dwellers. Resisting change are the entrenched bureaucracy - the Nomenklatura - and the poorest class of peasants. The whole Soviet system is a living lie, he said, and many Russians know this fact. Yet, they have been cowed by centuries of servility to a point where they are dependent on a strong central government. Freedom as we know it is totally alien to most Russians. Gorbachev knows this and will move very slowly. Those too impetuous will be reined in as he has done to the Communist Party chief in Moscow, an old comrade who moved too fast. According to Bonafield, Mikhail Gorbachev is well aware that what happened to Nikita Khrushchev could happen to him, so Gorbachev will be wary. Members and their guests met at the Mariner Naval Officers Club, San Diego, on February 26th, to learn of the training and operation of SEAL (Sea, Air, Land) from Captain Larry W. Bailey, USN, the commanding officer of the Naval Special Warfare Center, based at Coronado. Captain Bailey opened his presentation with an excellently- crafted film, "Someone Special," that depicted the rigorous training that SEAL candidates must complete successfully in order to join this select group. Following the film, Captain Bailey explained that while SEAL candidates must be in excellent physical condition prior to being accepted into the training, throughout the time they are in training they will "live on the run." They will run to breakfast,-un to physical training, run to classes, run to swimming, run the obstacle course and continue to run for all their waking hours. They will train in groups, work in groups and, yes, run in groups - SEALS operate as a team. By the sixth week of training, the SEAL candidates face "Hell Week." Here they are physically tested to the utmost. Captain Bailey asserted that this is the toughest training course given in any of America's military services, although he will get an argument there from the Army's Special Forces and from the Air Force's "PJ's." If this is all too much for the SEAL candidate, Captain Bailey noted, all the candidate has to say is "I quit," and he's gone. This training is known as BUDS, an acronym for Basic Underwater Demolition SEALS. After "Hell Week," the training continues as the candidates begin to learn what they will do on their missions: beach reconnaissance, land warfare, small unit tactics, weapons and explosives, including underwater demolition techniques. The latter phase encompasses diving and scuba-diving. On completion of this training, the newly-graduated SEALS will be assigned to SEAL teams either in Coronado, California, or Little Creek, Virginia. Still, their training is not over; in fact, it is never over. On assignment to SEAL teams they will enter advanced training and also be required to attend the Army's airborne course for parachuting. They will travel to all corners of the world to train in various climates Page 18 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Spring 1988 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 and geographical regions. The life of a SEAL is one of daring and adventure tempered by their motto: Patience and Awareness to stay alive. On March 17th, members of the chapter joined with other reserve and defense organizations to honor General John W. Vessey, Jr., the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1982-1985. The luncheon, "Defense for the Future," was co-sponsored by the chapter. Slated for the chap- ter's March 25th meet- ing was Thomas A. Hughes, Special Agent in Charge, of the FBI's San Diego field office. On April 22nd, the chapter was to hear MajGen Kenneth Burns (USAF-Ret.) speak on "Can Democracy Sur- vive in the Philippines?" San Francisco Bay Chapter. The chapter held its December 16th meeting at the Tennis Club, San Francisco. In spite of the inclement weather, a group of about 16 members gathered for the dinner meeting at which the Christmas spirit and wishes for the holidays were celebrated. Chapter president Bill Green announced the slate of nominees for officers for 1988. Elections followed, with the following members elected: Col. E.P Peters, president; Col. Frederick Speier, first vice president; Earl D. Brodie, second vice president; Michael J. Rolleri, treasurer; and Peggy Jo Zemens, secretary. Elected to the board of directors were Col. Richard D. McCall, Col. G. Russell Wiley, Col. Charles Hayden, Gonzalo Quesada and Capt. William C. Green. Following a festive meal, Green introduced the speaker for the evening, Dan Brigham of VISA USA. Brigham gave a very entertaining presentation on the history of credit card fraud and VISA's attempts to counteract and contain every attempt of counterfeiting and fraud from the use of stolen or lost cards. He emphasized that while fraud from lost, stolen and counterfeit cards is declining partly because of the introduction of new card design, including microprinting fineline printing, special embossing characters and holograms, card fraud has emerged in a new form. The new tactic, fraudulent and misleading telemarketing and mail-order activities, and corresponding fraudulently-prepared sales drafts and laundering or factoring of such fraudulently-prepared sales drafts, has surfaced in the United States and Canada, and can be expected to appear elsewhere as new prevention and enforcement measures begin to be effective. Brigham discussed VISA's Risk Identification Service, which identifies merchants that submit disproportionate numbers of suspicious transactions, and the efforts that have been made to assist law enforcement officers and security personnel to coordinate their investigations and to Ed Earns, 1st vice president; Chuck Venable, president; Phil Mogen, 2nd vice president; at ceremonies honoring Tom Smith, the retiring first president of the New Mexico Chapter. make fraud by payment device a federal crime. This was achieved with the passage of the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984. The speaker also discussed the prob- lems involved in interna- tional use of VISA cards and international tele- marketing fraud prob- lems. The ultimate solu- tion to the fraud prob. lem, Brigham feels, is electronic authoriza- tion of all transactions, coupled with electronic verification of the iden- tity of the person using the card. The best means available cur. rently is through thE! use of Personal Identi - fication Numbers (PINs) which should be known only to the card holder. Brigham highlighted the evening with the discussion of the versatility of the new VISA SuperSmartm card that requires a PIN to access the card. Based on the use of a microcomputer chip, the card prevents fraud by electronically verifying the identify of the user while preventing credit loss b', calculating available funds in a credit line or account and shuts down when the monies are depleted. Beyond this, the new card will offer other features: a pocket calculator with keyboard access, a battery-powered clock and calendar, an electronic note pad, currency conversion and other multifunction capacities such as managing one's VISA account, separate corporate expense accounts, one's checking account and savings account, small-change funds, and the like. Other new services can include automated check-in at medical care facilities, on-line access to complete medical records and insurance claims and payment of medical expenses. Brigham entertained the group by passing around a SuperSmartm card for inspection. Limited testing of the new card, he said, began in 1987 and plans are being formulated to begin closely-supervised testing in selected regions of the world before the new device will be mass marketed to Spring 1988 Periscope Page 19 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 card holders. The session ended with a question and answer period which also gave members and guests an opportunity to relate personally their unfortunate experiences with credit cards and fraud. The Chapter's January 20th meeting was held at the Officers Club in the Presidio of San Francisco. Approximately forty members and guests attended the prime rib dinner meeting that began with a no host cocktail hour. Following the Pledge of Allegiance, the newly-elected president of the chapter, Max Peters, introduced the other new officers and members and guests were given the opportunity to give a brief introduction of themselves. Col. Frederick Speier introduced the speaker for the evening, Supervisory Special Agent David W. Szadi of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. SSA Szadispoke of Soviet espionage in the United States and highlighted cases successfully prosecuted during the "Year of the Spy," 1984- 85. In this, he emphasized the Walker-Whitworth case. Szadi indicated that this case, in particular, illustrates the need for early apprehension of persons engaged in espionage. He stated that the KGB and the GRU are highly sophisticated organizations which are firmly committed to their collection goals and targets, spare no personnel and utilize much money and training. KGB agents and handlers are experts in spotting and recruiting, he said, and need observe no laws or rules but their own. Once an espionage operation goes clandestine, the speaker contended, it makes it more difficult to detect; damage to national security can become extensive, as the Walker case illustrates. A partial list of security compromises was read by SSA Szadi, impressing on the audience the extent of the damage done by Walker and his ring of agents over a seventeen year period. The importance of early detection cannot be overemphasized, the speaker warned, especially since the Soviets are increasingly recruiting and meeting their American operatives overseas where the FBI has difficulty covering or handling the situation. SSA Szadi circulated copies of Soviet manuals on agent handling and recruitment, copies of photographs of sites chose for "dead-drops" and detailed instructions compiled by Walker for meeting his contact, much of which were used as evidence in the recent trials in San Francisco. SSA Szadi ended his highly informative presentation with a question and answer session that addressed compromised Navy communications, locations of embassies at home and abroad, the involvement of Soviet and Chinese intelligence in the immigrant communities and counterintelli- gence against HUMINT that continues to be utilized by foreign intelligence agents despite modern electronic technology. His presentation was received with much enthusiasm by the membership and the discussion continued long after the adjournment of the meeting. President Peters presented Szadi with an AFIO memento and expressed the sense of the membership that he return at some future time to address the Chapter again. Slated for the Chapter's February 17th meeting was Special Agent in Charge Richard McDrew, of the US Secret Service's San Francisco office. On March 16th the chapter was to hear Inspector Lloyd Cunningham of the San Francisco Police Crime Laboratory. The announced speaker for the April 27th meeting was the Irish Consul-General at San Francisco. FGorida Suncoast Chapter. Forty-nine members and guests of the Chapter listened with rapt attention to a talk on "George Washington, Intelligence Officer," given by Ed Sayle, AFIO's Periscope editor, at the Officers Club at MacDill AFB, Tampa, on February 16th. The presentation was well- received, and everyone learned some new insights into the background of the "Father of Our Country." We thank Ed for taking the time to come down to Florida to give us this stimulating information. Incidentally, Ed and his lovely wife, Mae, spent a week with Bill Knott, and saw some of the tourist attractions in the Sunshine State. President Wendell Poppell advised Ed that the Chapter is presenting a twenty-five dollar donation to the AFIO Academic Assistance Fund as a token of appreciation for his speech. The Chapter's final luncheon meeting of the 1987-88 season was planned for April 19th, at the MacDill AFB Officers Club, with COL Mike Pheneger, USA, J-2 for the Special Operations Command headquartered at MacDill AFB, telling how intelligence from human and technical resources is used by the Special Operations Command. The Chapter also announced it will hold its annual election of officers at the April 19th meeting. All AFIO members and their guests are cordially invited to attend our Chapter luncheons. New members introduced to the Chapter are: LTC Carl P. Garver (USAFR-Ret.); COL Jean K. Joyce, (USA-Ret.), David R. McNabb; Joseph L. Sexton; and Earl J. Will. Southwest Florida Chapter. The Chapter's Spring meeting was held at the Palm River Country Club, North Naples. Following cocktails, the meeting was opened by chapter president Arnold Lee Glass who led the Pledge of Allegiance, followed by the invocation delivered by COL William T. Hornaday (USA-Ret.). After lunch, National Honorary Board member John Anson Smith gave a run- down on the quarterly meeting of AFIO's national Board of Directors meeting, and Herman Bly reported on the continuing high-level of interest in his informative pamphlet, American at the Crossroads, especially after its publication in the April-May-June 1988 issue of Sound Money Investor magazine. Chapter president Glass introduced the guest speaker, Porter J. Goss, a chapter member and a candidate for the US House of Representatives. The speaker presented an extremely interesting and highly informative analysis of the Page 20 Periscope Spring 1988 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 future growth of Southwest Florida. Further, in commenting on current problems in Central America, he recalled his own experiences while serving on CIA's Central American Desk from about 1960 to 1966. He voiced his great concern with the present situation and stated that he felt the United States was retreating to a position we were in about twenty- five years ago. He warned that we are in the process of providing Communism the opportunity to expand in the ''Monroe Doctrine area." After a short ques- tion and answer period, President Glass closed the meeting with an announcement that he planned to have a chapter workshop in the near future to dis- cuss various topics of national and interna- tional interest. Nevada Nevada Chapter. The Chapter's January 23rd meeting, which received major cover- age in the Las Vegas Sun, featured its pres- ident, Roger E. McCarthy, speaking on a broad spectrum of intelligence issues. In addition to some twenty-five members and guests, in the audience were six or seven other interested persons who had read of the meeting and appeared to hear the speaker. McCarthy noted, for example, that with the arrival of the Soviet scientific team at the Nevada Test Site, there is likely to be an increased presence of KGB officers ready to gather intelligence any way they can. "If they can find a person who is willing to provide it, either to support a drug habit or other motivations, they will certainly try to get it," he said. Intelligence, McCarthy cautioned, will need to keep a closer check on people assigned to sensitive installations, "watching lifestyles, attitudes and possible newfound riches. Soft spots have to be identified." He alerted the audience that despite the "new" Russia they have been reading about in the media, somehow we have forgotten what the Soviet Union really is. "Basically, the KGB is as cynical as ever, just more sophisticated." Operating here, he said, they will start out modestly, using whatever cover they choose to be. There are many targets of interest to them. And, considering the close proximity of the test site, Nellis AFB and certain sensitive industries, "They would certainly be interested around here." The FBI, like the CIA, is not able to do its job in this regard as effectively nowadays because of partisan politics, McCarthy noted. This has been especially evident during the recent Iran-Contra hearings and still more so as the oversight committees delve into how they expect the FBI to function internally and the CIA abroad. "The KGB can do in this country what the FBI can't, and do abroad what the CIA can't do." As one example of this, the speaker noted that Ed Sayle, editor of Periscope, recalls our intelligence heritage for the Suncoast Chapter with "George Washington, Intelligence Officer." Fielding questions with the speaker is Wendell Poppell, President of the Chapter. the KGB is allowed to work with students, unions and various in- ternational organiza- tions to accomplish its goals, yet the CIA is prohibited from doing so. McCarthy called for untying the hands of the nation's intelligence services for work in those areas. He called for an "equal contest" between the US and its adversaries. "No one is coercing the people. If they are willing to work with, for or on behalf of the United States, then it should be appropriate." The speaker noted that some intelligence- gathering compro- mises are "largely politically motivated." When a foreign policy embarrassment arises, he said, too often the CIA becomes the scapegoat, even though it operates only on orders from above. On the other hand, McCarthy noted, the KGB has continued its work unfettered and has contributed to a growing international Soviet influence. "The countries in the Soviet sphere of influence have grown from 7 to 35 percent of the globe's population." Within our borders, he noted, the FBI has been restricted in what it may investigate to those crimes already committed or threats to the government's existence. Supposedly, these restrictions protect otherwise presumably innocent people but, in reality, the effect has been ridiculous in reducing the number of files that can be kept on people. "How can the FBI work effectively," the speaker asked. Some sixty members and guest attended the Chapter's February 17th meeting to hear CAPT Wendell "Ray" Alcorn, USN, currently commander of the Naval Air Station, Fallon, Nevada, and a former POW in North Vietnam for more than seven years. In a moving presentation that readily captured the full attention of the audience, CAPT Alcorn recounted his shoot- down and capture near Haiphong and the subsequent Spring 1988 Periscope Page 21 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 imprisonment, interrogations, life in prison, ill-treatment and the faith and determination to survive that sustained him and his fellow captives during their ordeal. He recounted the isolation of captivity, the methods of communications he and his fellow prisoners used and the often brutal sessions of interrogation the prisoners endured. In answer to specific questions, he described the visit to Hanoi of Jane Fonda in 1972 as having caused additional hardships for the prisoners who refused to cooperate in the propaganda ploys staged by the North Vietnamese attendant to Fonda's visit. He noted that other Hanoi visitors of the period, such as former Attorney General Ramsey Clark, deserve the same distain as accorded Fonda. Also in response to a question, he cited briefly the Cuban interrogators the POWs encountered in Hanoi and their sadistic methods. CAPT Alcorn also gave the audience an excellent portrayal of the important mission of the Fallon installation and conveyed his obvious delight with his assignment there. In sum, it was a memorable evening, thanks to a most inspiring individual. Among items of Chapter business were the initiation of a 5050 lottery at meetings, acquisition of AFIO letterhead stationery, the need for volunteers to work on the Membership and Scholarship committees, the possibility of holding monthly round-table discussions on topics of interest to members and guests, and Ralph Briggs' speaking schedule at the ROA and at the Mormon Chapel on "Pearl Harbor." Special thanks were given to Jim Archer for the sound system used at the meeting. The announced speaker for the Chapter's March 16th meeting was columnist Reed Irvine of Accuracy in Media and Accuracy in Academia. New England New England Chapter. The Chapter's Winter meeting was held at the Exeter Inn, Exeter, New Hampshire, with sixty in attendance, including several new members. A morning round-table on New England spies included chapter vice president David O'Connor discussing Job Kattenanit, a spy in King Philip's War; Kenneth Campbell on Ethan Allen Hitchcock and the Spy Company during the Mexican War; and Douglas Wheeler on Dartmouth graduates and faculty who were intelligence officers. The luncheon speaker was George J.A. O'Toole, who gave a fascinating account of some of the myths found in intelligence history and, in the process, coining a new word to describe the result, "espionology." George's Encyclopedia of Intelligence and Espionage is to be published in August. On March 26th, a regional meeting of the New England Chapter was held at South Londonderry, Vermont, for members from Vermont and New Hampshire. In addition, non-members who had signed up for the forthcoming intelligence tour to England were invited. The forty in attendance heard Col. Russell Bowen speak on the backgrounds of some of the English authors and historians who will address the tour group in England. The meeting was particularly successful, with four new members brought on board. The tour endorsed by the Chapter has been fully subscribed. In this regard, the chapter would like to thank those who brought it to the attention of a number of professional journals and newsletters which, in turn, resulted in this successful turnout. We are particularly indebted to Geoffrey Jones, president of the Veterans of OSS, who made copies of the tour brochure available at a recent New York dinner, resulting in several of the OSS contingent deciding to join the tour. The Chapter is preparing to purchase a video camera to enable it to record the various events of the tour and to videotape the various speakers and round-table discussions at future Chapter meetings. The intent is to make copies of such tapes available on loan to other chapters, as well as to local schools and other interested groups. We hope to build a videotape library of such material as part of the Chapter's ongoing educational activities program. Two members of the Chapter's board have received commendations for their continued excellent support of AFIO and this Chapter's activities: David O'Connor of Boston, who was commended by LTG James Williams of the MI Corps, and Dan Halpin of Bedford, NH, who was commended by David Atlee Phillips. Both Dave and Dan have been responsible for much of the continued success of the Chapter and, in particular, in its growth through exceptional success in recruiting new members. New Mexico New Mexico Chapter. The Chapter continues to meet mid-day on the fourth Tuesday of each month. At the September meeting, President Chuck Venable, on behalf of the Chapter's Executive Committee, presented a framed award honoring Tom Smith, who retired recently as Chapter president. Tom was instrumental in founding the chapter and served as its first president for two terms. The award recognized his hard work in that effort, crowned by a current membership of over sixty. He is now serving as Membership Chairman, so we can be assured the Chapter will continue to grow. Our Executive Committee has been hard hit with illnesses recently; The first, Herb Conley's stroke, necessitated his resignation as treasurer, a post now filled by our second vice-president, Phil Mogen. Our secretary underwent quintuple heart bypass surgery in January, from which he is now recovering. Our new Public Relations Committee chairman is John Kay. We continue to have interesting speakers at our monthly meetings. Our July meeting heard John Daly, Senior Resident Agent here for the Defense Investigative Service. He noted that investigations for clearances above SECRET are severely hampered by a prohibition against the personal interview which has proved so helpful for clearances for Page 22 Periscope Spring 1988 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 SECRET and below. This raises the question in the Chapter's mind if AFIO's members, or the organization itself, should advocate repeal of the restriction. A Chapter member, J.R. Runyon, spoke at our August meeting on the Central American Indian view of politics, both local and in the US. Our September meeting heard Dick Broder, Chairman of the New Mexico Vietnam Veterans Leadership Program, providing a necessary balance to the picture of Vietnam veterans portrayed currently in the media. The October meeting heard Professor Paul Jonas, University of New Mexico, and a former leader of the Petrofi group which was instrumental in the Hungarian Revolution. He spoke not only on the philosophical basis of revolution, but also of his current specialization, the economic situation in Africa. Col. Harvey Stockman, a former POW in Vietnam and a consultant on the movie Hanoi Hilton, spoke of his experiences when assigned to early units of U-2 under CIA auspices, and about his experiences as a POW in the "Hanoi Hilton." It was noted that the exceptionally gripping story of the Americans held in that North Vietnamese prison, as portrayed in the movie, has been diminished by the adverse public reaction of dissenters, particularly in the media. Our January speaker was a former G-2 officer, Dr. Cortez Williams, a professor at the University of New Mexico who has specialized on South Africa. He provided us with one of the most even-handed briefings on the situation there that any of us had heard. AFIO "Agent" Leads Hostage Rescue You may have read about it last November. Six West Point cadets, following a time-honored ritual of pranks before the Army-Navy game, kidnapped Bill the Goat 23 and his offspring, Bill the 24th, mascots at the US Naval Academy, and spirited them off to a warehouse. "We first considered getting a court order to retrieve them," says AFIO member John M. Carbone. "And, if that failed, by hook or by crook." After learning from confidential sources where the goats were being held hostage, Carbone mounted a rescue mission, accompanied by ten other former veterans of the US Navy. By that time, however, the hostages had been moved to West Point for a staged appearance at a pep rally. Later, they were removed to another warehouse where they were held until the Commandant of West Point got wind of the cadet caper and ordered the captives returned. The West Point cadets, by the way, received just punishment: They had to clean up the Army mule's stall which still reeked of goat after it had served as a way-station in the movement of the "prisoners." Just What Is Desktop Publishing? Many readers have commented favorably on the issues of Periscope since AFIO went to "desktop publishing" with the Fall 1986 issue. Just as many ask what "desktop publishing" is. First of all, it is money not spent on Periscope, about $800 an issue less than the old way in which the final, edited copy was sent to a typesetter, typeset, corrected several times and then pasted up into "dummies" or rough page layouts. Based on this, the printer did a final "camera- ready" layout of the issue, layed in the "screened" photographs, took a picture of the result, "burned" the printing plates and printed and assembled the issue. With "desktop publishing" AFIO types the final, edited copy into the desktop computer (a microcomputer, to be exact). The type faces to be used and other technical specifications are included with the text; next, the typeset columns are assembled into pages on the computer, then printed out on a laser printer as "camera ready" for delivery to the printer. (The printer still converts photos into halftones for insertion in the "camera ready" pages provided by AFIO.) In this way, AFIO has greater control over the appearance of the publication, is able to reduce the time it takes to produce it and eliminates a constant shuttle of typeset galleys and corrections back and forth to the typesetter. (One problem one has to face with desktop publishing: it means we have to take responsibility for any "typos" that appear, and can no longer blame them on some distant typesetter who created new errors in correcting the old ones.) The key elements in this technical phase of "desktop publishing" are the desktop computer, the necessary computer software (Spellbinder Desktop Publisher by Lexisoft, Inc.) and a laser printer (a Hewlett-Packard Laser Jet Plus). In addition to Periscope, AFIO has used its new Hewlett- Packard microcomputer and "desktop publishing" to produce the most recent pamphlet in the Intelligence Profession Series, two issues of the AF/O Academic Exchange, the cover letter for the News Commentary, some of the pages in the new Membership Directory, flyers, certificates, correspondence and the like. A problem with desktop publishing, as with any computer software package, is the learning curve, the length of time it takes to become proficient in evolving from simple documents such as correspondence to more complex documents such as Periscope, which involves learning and experimentation with different type faces, page layouts and the like. From your letters, we find that it has been worth the additional effort. Chapter Officers Please Note: Deadline for Chapter Reports and Photographs for the Next Issue of Periscope is July 5th. Spring 1988 Periscope Page 23 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 From Purpose the AFIO was organized in 1975 by former intelligence per President's security agencies. Its purpose is to promote public under- Desk tional intelligence establishment. As this issue goes to press, we have good news and bad news in the academic community and AFIO's relations with them. The good news is that AFIO's Academic Exchange has been well received by those professors with whom we are in contact. Specifically, the second edition of the Exchange carried a syllabus for a course taught by Professor Alan R. Booth at Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, and since that issue was sent, we have received another syllabus from Professor Charles D. Ameringer, Head of the Department of History, Penn State University. We also received a book review from Professor Peter Charles Unsinger at San Jose State University, San Jose, California. Both will be published in the next issue of the Academic Exchange. The requests from the professors continue to grow. AFIO chapters and members are encouraged to continue to explore the teaching of courses related to intelligence at colleges and universities to which they have access. Please send us their names and addresses so that we can add to our list. The down side in the educational world is the organized opposition to the intelligence community which has most recently manifested itself in the open protests against CIA recruitment on campuses. You may recall the publicity connected with Amy Carter and Abbie Hoffman at the University of Massachusetts. Colby College in Waterville, Maine, went through a difficult situation in which the faculty voted against CIA recruitment on their campus; Recently, however, the Colby Board of Trustees overruled the faculty vote and approved the recruitment programs. A Progressive Student Network held a convention at Rutgers University last February in order to build a national student organization to pick up where the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) of the Sixties left off. I mention this situation in hopes that it will inspire you to join in the development and expansion of the AFIO Academic Assistance Program. Currently, there are several pieces of legislation pending in Congress which affect the intelligence community. AFIO has presented its views through the efforts of Walter Pforzheimer and Lawrence Houston. The health of AFIO continues to be good but, in order to achieve our goals, we need to recruit more members as well as the active AFIO participation by our members. AFIO believes that effective intelligence is the nation's first line of defense against surprise from abroad, subver- sion at home and possibly dangerous miscalculation by our national leaders in the conduct of foreign and defense policy. AFIO therefore holds that reliable intelligence is es- sential to the cause of peace. In pursuing its objectives, AFIO ? Works closely with appropriate committees of the con- gress regarding legislation affecting the intelligence agencies, responds to congressional requests for its views and information on intelligence matters, and is frequently called upon to testify on specific legislative proposals- ? Through its network of local chapters across the nation, provides speakers for discussion of national security issues before civic, academic and profes- sional groups. ? Promotes educational programs explaining the role and importance of intelligence. ? Provides participants for network and local TV and radio programs on national security issues. ? Is frequently consulted by scholars, authors, jour- nalists and TV producers on intelligence matters. ? Monitors media treatment of intelligence and security issues and, where inaccuracies and distortions occur, attempts to set the record straight. ? Distributes to its members a quarterly publication with news, views and book reviews relating to intelligence, and a quarterly digest of current news commentary. PERISCOPE is published quarterly by the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, McLean Office Building, 6723 Whittier Ave., Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101. Phone (703) 790-0320. Officers of AFIO are: RADM Donald P. Harvey (USN-Ret) ..................... President Charles A. Briggs ............................................Vice President Robert J. Novak .......................................................Treasurer Charlotta P. Engrav ................................................. Secretary John K. Greaney ...................................... Executive Director Gretchen Campbell ............................................Administrator Hans Moses ................................ Editor, News Commentary Edward F. Sayle .................................... Editor of Periscope Pace 24 Periscope Spring 1988 Pa( Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 JCS Chairman Warns Nation Must Match Threat With Consistent and Rational Defense Polic "No military leader in our nation desires war," Admiral William J. Crowe, Jr. told members of the As- sociation of Former Intelligence Officers June 8th. "To keep the peace is the fundamental mission of the armed forces, and the primary measure of their success is the ability to deter conflict," he said. Admiral Crowe, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, stressed that it is imperative the American people recognize that the nation's military strength under- writes US foreign and economic policies and is "an in- dispensable pillar of our liberty." They must also recog- nize, he said, that the threat is real, diverse and part of the everyday world. The speaker warned that the armed forces are only now in "mid-stream" in the modernization program to restore capabilities that were dangerously atrophied in the 1970s. The possibility of a continuing zero or negative growth defense budget, he said, "would be disasterous, and I mean that genuinely." "Frankly," said Admiral Crowe, "such a policy at this time is not justified by the threat, the political climate or the military situation." He noted that on four occasions in the last ninety years the nation has let its defenses sag, and then was forced into combat dangerously un- prepared. "In each instance, we paid an exorbitant and needless price in lives, treasure and instability." "And make no mistake, the Soviets will use their power brutally and directly when they feel that the calculus is in their favor." The JCS chairman stressed also his recognition that "intelligence truly is our first line of defense - and that all Americans have a vital interest in keeping those ramparts strong." He compared AFIO's efforts to elevate public understanding of this necessity with his own responsibility to retain the patience and continu- ing support of all our citizens for a consistent and rational defense policy. "Of course, the nature of the peril we face further complicates the challenge of educating the public about defense affairs. You know the threat well, but I am persuaded that among our citizens there is a general lack of awareness as to its diverse character." Admiral William J. Crowe, Jr. Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff "Today security challenges wear many faces other than the galvanizing specter of a nuclear or a major conventional war with the Soviet Union." "I'm not arguing that we must match the Soviet Union or anyone else weapon for weapon, gun for gun or man for man. We all know - in fact we insist - that our humane and decent society must do many things in addition to building its military strength. We under- stand, therefore, that in a major war or other engage- ment with the Soviets, we are going to go into battle at sea, on the land, or in the air outnumbered in both manpower and equipment." Rather, said the speaker, the United States must "find ways to compensate with quality weapons systems, excellent people, realistic traininq, broad and responsive logistical support and the help of our Free World friends and allies." [The full text of Admiral Crowe's remarks appears elsewhere in this issue.] Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 HOUSE STALLS; INTELLIGENCE WEEK CEREMONIES GO ON WITHOUT IT A conference on intelligence and a wreath-laying ceremony at the statute of Nathan Hale were the focus of activities in Washington to commemorate "National Intelligence Community Week," May 31-June 6. A resolution, introduced by Senator David Boren, chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, and supported by thirty-six other senators, commended the dedication of intelligence personnel "in difficult and dangerous circumstances abroad, and in arduous, intellectually challenging assignments at home." It noted the essential nature of intelligence to the national security and urged that efforts be made to foster the understanding and appreciation of the American people that intelligence is the first line of defense. The resolution, adopted by the Senate on May 21, noted that it was appropriate "to recognize the continuing contribution of our intelligence officers during the week of the anniversary of the birth of Nathan Hale, an early patriot, hero, and practitioner of American intelligence who symbolizes the selfless dedication of our Nation's intelligence personnel." In a message of support, President Reagan noted: "No one better symbolizes love of country than Captain Nathan Hale, a hero and intelligence officer in the War of Independence. His legacy of patriotism is perpetuated by the dedicated men and women serving with our intelligence agencies. They can take much pride and satisfaction in their vital work." He commended organizations like the Hale Foundation, sponsor of the week's activities, for helping to remind Americans that "vigilance against the enemies of our Nation is an essential part of safeguarding the freedoms we enjoy." "I salute everyone involved in paying tribute to our intelligence community and Captain Nathan Hale, and I wish you all my very best. God bless you, and God bless America," the President said. On Capitol Hill, a conference, which included five AFIO members as panelists, studied the role of intelligence, and on Constitution Avenue a wreath was placed at the Nathan Hale statue adjacent to the Department of Justice. Meanwhile, in the House of Representatives, the resolution dealing with "National Intelligence Community Week" rested quietly on the desks of a subcommittee of the House Committee on Post Office and Civil Service, a repeat of the subcommittee's performance last year. The subcommittee, which has responsibility for such designations in joint resolutions, found inadequate support by Members of the House to send the the matter to the floor for a vote. AFIO's President Raymond Wannall Speaks At Nathan Hale Commemoration Conference on Intelligence On June 2, a conference on intelligence, sponsored by the Hale Foundation, was held in one of the Senate committee hearing rooms. Larry Sulc, a member of AFIO's board of directors and president of the foundation presided. Among the panelists were AFIO's president and vice president, W. Raymond Wannall and Dr. Walter Pforzheimer, and members Donald Jameson and Frank McNamara. Honoring Nathan Hale A wreath-laying ceremony at the statue of Nathan Hale on June 6, marked the the 232nd anniversary of Captain Hale's birth. Larry SuIc, again presiding, observed that "We meet here on the anniversary of his birth to commemorate Nathan Hale's sacrifice, his example and the lesson to be drawn. His example: courage, patriotism, character, dedication. The lesson: the need for a permanent and professional United States intelligence service fully supported by the American people." Joining in remarks was AFIO's president, W. Raymond Wannall. Also representing AFIO were Maj. Gen. Jack Thomas (USAF-Ret), chairman of the board of directors, and Dr. Walter Pforzheimer, vice president. Dr. Pforzheimer also represented Hale's alma mater, Yale University. The President's message was read and taps were sounded by members of the VFW in full dress whites. ^ Page 2 Approved For Release 2004/11 ' 8 -RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Notes From National NEW LIFE MEMBERS We have attempted to find interesting items as inserts with each issue of Periscope. Our criteria is that the material must be related to the organization interests of our membership and, of necessity, that it be furnished free of charge to AFIO in sufficient quantity to assure each member gets a copy. Some members have criticized Headquarters of disseminating partisan political information. We have scrupulously attempted to avoid this, but it must be understood that publications we obtain from the government rarely criticize policies and programs of the incumbent administration. We believe that the role of AFIO is to provide its members with information, not only for self- education, but for possible use in lectures or interviews on current topics related to the Intelligence Community One of our members, E.I. Williams, who converted recently to life membership notes "Hope I can run it out for 10 more years to get on your time. Should have done this 15 years ago." We are pleased to report that our goal of 100 Life Members for this fiscal year, which ends on August 31, 1987, is well within reach and we thank all the members who have become Life Members. We consider this a firm endorsement of AFIO and its goals. We are encouraged by the activities of a number of the chapters, including Nevada, New England, Ohio and Texas, in expanding our Academic Assistance Program. They have been going out and contacting universities and colleges in their areas, suggesting and offering to help teach courses on intelligence. One thing that all AFIO members can do is to write to their own Alma Maters and determine whether or not courses on intelligence are included in its curricula. You may wish to suggest that the colleges and universities write directly to AFIO for more information. Thomas B. Mackie, an AFIO life member, has donated $1,000 to the Academic Assistance Fund in memory of Bill Casey. Tom's donation will permit us to offer copies of Breaking the Ring, by John Barron, as a fourth book in our academic assistance effort. We consider this an important step in the continuing development of the Academic Assistance Program. We must again remind our members to advise us of address changes; The post office will not forward third class mail to you. Remember, the deadline for the next AFIO Directory is fast approaching, December 31st. John K. Greaney PERISCOPE is published quarterly by the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, McLean Office Building, 6723 Whittier Ave., Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101. Phone (703) 790-0320. Officers of AFIO are: W. Raymond Wannall .............................................. President Dr. Walter L. Pforzheimer .............................. Vice President Robert J. Novak .......................................................Treasurer Charlotta P. Engrav ................................................. Secretary John K. Greaney ...................................... Executive Director Edward F. Sayle ................................ Editor of PERISCOPE LtCol Mark E. BERENT, (USAF-Ret) Remington Virginia Mr. Ralph D. BLOCK Houston, Texas COL Russell J. BOWEN Arlington, Virginia Mr. Lester E. BUSH St. Petersburg, Florida CAPT Herbert R. FORCE, USCG Novato, California Mr. Stanley H. GAINES Falls Church, Virginia Dr. Fred A. GEARY East Hartford, Connecticut Mr. John W. GITTINGER Norman, Oklahoma Mr. David T. HOTTEL Stafford, Virginia Mr. William M. KENT Orangeburg, South Carolina Mr. Francis P. LAGGAN Falls Church, Virginia Spec. George LeLESZ, (USA-Ret) Bronx, New York Mr. James J. LOEB New York, New York Mr. William John McGINNIS, Jr. Venice, Florida Mr. William MACONES Germantown, Maryland Col Robert W. NICHOLSON, (USAF-Ret) Herndon, Virginia Mr. John B. SCANLON Manassas, Virginia Mr. Robert H. SHAFFER Bloomington, Indiana Mr. E.I. WILLIAMS, Jr. Washington, D.C. Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/0e,~i? 1$ RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Page 3 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 William Webster Sworn-In As New DCI Remarks of the President On the Swearing-in of William Webster as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency May 26, 1987 In gathering here today to swear in your new Director, William Webster, we have come together for an event that will shape our Nation's history and affect the course of freedom throughout the world. The Central Intelligence Agency finds its roots in the earliest days of the Republic. General George Washington said that intelligence service demands those on "whose firmness and fidelity we may safely rely." And during World War II, dedicated Americans answered his call - sometimes the ultimate call - in the Office of Strategic Services. Their creativity and achievement remain the building blocks for today. Among those was the late Bill Casey, whose deter- mination and personal courage in the clandestine effort against Adolph Hitler meant the difference between victory and defeat. While the world changed in the 45 years since OSS was founded, his capacity for leadership did not, nor did the devotion of the men and women of our intelligence services. From the days in the late seventies where we found America's intelligence capabilities reduced and demoralized, today our intelligence community performs a vital role in the struggle against internation- al terrorism and drug trafficking. It exposes and counters the huge, menacing apparatus of Soviet espionage and propaganda and scouts future chal- lenges. Unfortunately, many of your successes can only be celebrated in private. But those of us in the Executive Branch and the Congress know about these gallant efforts and recognize, for example, verifying arms reduction agreements and the continued expansion of freedom must rest on a solid intelligence foundation. Se we have a responsibility to assure the American people that they have the best intelligence service in the world, and that is staffed by honorable men and women who work within the framework of our laws and shared values. It has become fashionable in some quarters to act as if the Central Intelligence Agency were somehow not completely a part of our own government - as if it were not constantly working against hostile powers who threaten the security of the American people. But our liberty, our way of life, requires external vigilance, the United States cannot survive in the modern world without a vigorous intelligence agency capable of acting swiftly and in secret. So long as I am President, I will never consent to see our intelligence capability undermined. As Bill Casey said only a short time before his death, this is not an arena for tender egos or shrink- ing violets. The clashes and ideas can get rough; no one's views are protected from challenge. Nor is the CIA the place for the cynical or the merely curious. It is instead a place for people who are aware of the world and who are ready and willing to make a commitment to serve their country in a challenging environment where one person can, indeed, make a difference." William Hedgcock Webster is just such a man. After service with the naval reserve during two wars, he began a legal career of extraordinary accomplishment that would last a quarter of a century, and culminate in distinguished terms as Judge of the US District Court for Eastern Missouri and US Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. In 1978, President Carter appointed him Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The late seventies were a difficult time for the FBI - and in leaving the bench, Judge Webster was forfeiting a lifetime post and work that he loved. Even so, he stated that he looked on the assignment as a "great adventure." Even so, he asserted his absolute deter- mination, "To maintain the high standards and tradi- tions of the FBI." Asked why he was so willingly taking upon himself so heavy a burden, Judge Webster answered simply: "I am an old Navy man . . . and I heard a Bosun's pipe . . . That remark alone says a great deal about the Judge. He does not look upon his Nation's call to duty as something onerous, something to be endured. He looks upon it instead as something inviting, something even invigorating - a Bosun's pipe. And during these past nine years, Judge Webster has done more than maintain the standards of the FBI. He has raised them. The Bureau under Judge Webster has for the first time become expert in drug investigations and white collar crime. It has made innovative use of high-tech- nology equipment. And I have often spoken of the Page 4 Approved For Release 2004/1YKO?U$-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell administers the oath of office to Judge William H. Webster, the new Director of Central Intelligence, at ceremonies held at CIA in Langley, Virginia, May 26. Witnessing the ceremony are President Ronald Reagan, Vice President George Bush, and Deputy Director of CIA Robert Gates. The Bible is held by Druscilla L. Bush, Judge Webster's daughter. In the audience were members of the Cabinet, directors of Intelligence Community agencies and services, members of the Congressional oversight committees, former DCIs and other distinguished guests. need for dramatic, historic strikes against organized crime and praised the FBI's brilliant role in this endeavor. Morale in the FBI has soared - today the Bureau is a proud institution, thoroughly imbued with a sense of public service. And confidence in the Bureau on the part of Congress, the President and - most im- portant - the American people - this confidence is strong and vital. Judge Webster, I know that as you leave the FBI, you leave behind much that you will miss. And I know that your colleagues at the Bureau will want to join me as, on behalf of the American people, I thank you for a job well done. Now the Bosun's pipe has sounded. In becoming the Director today of the Central Intel- ligence Agency, Judge Webster is stepping up to the leadership of an institution that by its very nature is a likely subject of controversy. Yet it is also irreplace- able. The CIA routinely places demands upon it:; employees that would elsewhere be deemed out- rageous. Yet it offers them the satisfaction of keeping freedom's candle burning. And now, Judge Webster, we turn over to you the stewardship of this devoted group of men and women. Their mission is nothing less than the defense of liberty. Just consider the Agency s history. And although the specific undertakings must remain secret, today this agency uses all its resources to advance the cause of freedom. So, Judge Webster, we ask you to maintain this agency's high standards, as you pleaged to maintain those of the FBI; we ask you to lead the Central Intel- ligence Agency on to still greater service to our nation. And we know that, given your service at the FBI - given your entire career - in leading this great and vital institution, you will make it greater ;till. IN Summer 1987 Periscope Page 5 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Remarks of Admiral William J. Crowe, Jr. Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Before the Association of Former Intelligence Officers June 8, 1987 It's a pleasure for me - as an old submariner - to be here today, and to meet with members of the real, silent service. I naturally feel at home with an Association that has a newsletter called Periscope. But, I have to admit at the outset that I always look forward to events like this, away from the rigors of the Pentagon. I've been in this job for over a year and a half now, and in that time I've relearned the hard lesson that Washington can be a very tough town. So it's a pleasure to take refuge in friendly surroundings, if only briefly. And it's especially gratifying to speak to a group of people who have given their professional lives to truly selfless service of our country in a calling that never gets-enough recognition, and whose reputation for patriotism remains unexcelled. Throughout my career I have been not just a consumer of intelligence, but a great admirer of the discipline and its practitioners. This particularly applies to Bill Casey. I had the privilege of sitting next to him at National Security Council and National Security Planning Group meetings for several months. His fine mind and dedication to the nation's interest were constantly evident. We are indeed indebted to him for a lifetime of activist patriotism, and for his leadership in the restoration of important intelligence capabilities in the 1980s. He will be long remembered by your Community. I'm confident that Judge Webster's leadership will be equally distinguished. It's a matter of necessity, really, because from where I sit now it is clearer than ever that in the troubled world we face, intelligence truly is our first line of defense - and that all Americans have a vital interest in keeping those ramparts strong. The Association of Former Intelligence Officers is well known for its work in that connection, promoting public understanding of - and support for - a healthy intelligence establishment. You helped the community survive the demoralizing debates of the 1970s and rehabilitate itself in the 1980s. Those who are still on active service no doubt find your support truly sustaining - and I congratulate you for those important contributions. I am especially appreciative of the work you have been able to do in elevating public understanding of intelligence - because I face a similar challenge in my own sphere. What I'd like to do for just a few minutes this afternoon is to review three particular areas that I believe need special emphasis and better public understanding: the central role of the Armed Forces in American life, the spectrum of threats which we currently face, and the current state of our forces. Then I'd be pleased to take your questions on any subjects that interest you. Not so parenthetically, I'd be pleased to enlist your expert help in the communications business. No one is better-equipped than you to help the public understand the world's realities, and their security imperatives for the United States. At a high level of generality, of course, everyone is familiar with some of the basics about our defense posture. America's national security goals have never been mysterious or complicated. They have, in fact, remained essentially unchanged over the last 40 years. We want to preserve our independence, freedom of action, and the territorial integrity of the United States. I We want to promote US and Allied vital interests abroad; and ? We want to shape an international order in which our freedoms and democratic institutions can prosper. But what gets lost in translation, for many of our citizens, is the fact that these words describe what our military strength can do, and does do, for us every day. Many look at defense only as a shield against direct attack, but it does a great deal more than that. Our power underwrites all our commercial transactions with the international community, our political dealings, our use of the sea lanes, our ability to communicate with friends overseas, our approaches to arms control negotiations, our credibility in dealing with mischief makers. It cements alliances which, in turn, enhance our own security. In fact, our strength has been an indispensable pillar not only of our own freedom and affluence but also the prosperity and the liberty of friends and allies around the globe. That's a fact of international life today. During my time in NATO, I observed firsthand that our military contribution to the coalition literally anchors its political unity as well as furnishing the centerpiece of its defense. Above all, it has given us the longest period of uninterrupted peace in Western Europe that that continent has enjoyed in many decades. When I served as the Commander-in-Chief of US Pacific Forces, a succession of Asian leaders emphasized to me the importance of a strong America and the significance of our forward-deployed forces. Behind the bulwark of our power they have been able to seek economic prosperity and political maturity in their own fashion and at their own pace. They constantly stressed that theme to me wherever I went. I have visited recently in Central and South America and the Middle East. Leaders in those areas clearly want a powerful America as-a backdrop for their efforts to build free and functioning societies. The bottom line is that our military capability provides us a host of benefits in terms of both national security and foreign policy, every day of the year. Of course, the nature of the peril we face further complicates the challenge of educating the public about defense affairs. You know the threat well, but I am persuaded that among our citizens there is a general lack of awareness as to its diverse character. Today security challenges wear many faces other than the galvanizing specter of a nuclear or a major conventional war with the Soviet Union. American interests are threatened on a number of fronts: terrorism that can occur anywhere on the globe at any time; the manifold activities of Soviet surrogates who seek to promote instability wherever possible, for example, Vietnam, Nicaragua, Libya, South Yemen, North Korea; and proliferating local conflicts in the Third World: Angola, Beirut, Chad, Iran- Iraq, Cambodia, Afghanistan. But the American people is not used to thinking of the world - much less the threat - in such terms. Henry Kissinger - a philosopher and statesman of some note - once observed that we tend to think of "peace" and "war" as two entirely separate and incompatible spheres of activity. The everyday world, of course, is much more blurred than this. Admiral Jim Watkins, the former Chief of Naval Operations, used the term "violent peace" to make the point that today even a "peaceful" world is marked by competition, conflict and strife. Any newspaper testifies to the fact that he is right. But in the final analysis, the relative tranquility of our own lives here at home often numbs us to these various developments. It tends also to obscure the significance of Soviet activities which are designed not only to promote Moscow's values, but also to undercut and to limit the prospects for pluralism wherever the Free World is vulnerable. The Kremlin understands very well the fundamentally competitive nature of the international community, and seeks deliberately to take advantage of it at every turn. And make no mistake, the Soviets will use their power brutally and directly when they feel that the-calculus is in their favor. Witness Afghanistan. It has always fascinated me that while most countries use force against their enemies, leaders in Moscow don't hesitate to use it against friends, when they see fit to do so, as members of the Warsaw Pact can testify. The USSR's burgeoning military capability is well documented, and I won't belabor the statistics here. Suffice it to say that Moscow's investment in raw power is unprecedented - also, frankly, it is Page 6 Approved For Release 2004/1 ?/N8 -RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 unprovoked - and on sheer momentum alone will carry well into the 1990s, if not longer. Like it or not, that threat is increasing, not decreasing, every year, in both qualitative and quantitative terms. Former Secretary of Defense Harold Brown once observed that when we build, the Soviet Union builds; and, when we stop building, the Soviet Union builds. The 1980s have shown, not surprisingly, that when we resume building, the Soviet Union continues to build. Those facts of life pretty well speak for themselves. The result is not only an impressive Soviet military apparatus, but also an expanding proclivity for Moscow to project that power, to foster instability, to exploit surrogates, to promote terrorism, to support small but fierce regional conflicts, and to encourage anti-American regimes to challenge Washington in a variety of ways and places. It is imperative for Americans to recognize those realities and to confront them squarely. We ignore them at our peril) Faced with these diverse and ever-present prospects of harm to American interests, the Pentagon must build forces that can cope with the full continuum of challenges. We do the best we can, with the resources provided us. And I am convinced that the current state of our armed forces is sound by any commonsense measure, largely thanks to the substantial improvements we have made in the last five to six years. With the encouragement of the Administration and the help of the Congress, the depressing trends of the 1970s have been reversed and we have seen our military capability improve in every category. One of our most impressive areas of improvement has been in intelligence collection and analysis. But, above all, our personnel problems have diminished. Our young people are the best that I have seen in over 40 years of service. It is probably the greatest reward of a career in the military to associate with young American men and women every day. They would give anyone confidence about the future of our country. Further, our readiness has improved, and so has our modernization, our sustainability and our force structure. This remarkable turnaround has been accomplished by a resurgence of pride and morale at every level. I see it throughout the world in all our Services. The spirit is the best I've experienced in my career. But I likewise believe strongly that we must carry to fruition the President's modernization programs we undertook at the start of this decade. Though we have done well in restoring capabilities that had dangerously atrophied in the 1970s, and the progress thus far is encouraging, we are only mid-stream in the process and there is much yet to be done. For example, at the end of this fiscal year: ? Only about 40 percent of our armor units will have the newest M-1 tank, and a quarter of our active mechanized battalions will have the Bradley Fighting Vehicle, ? A third to a half of our tactical air wings will QQj have received new fighter bombers, And only a little over one-third of our submarine force will be made up of the latest attack units. I won't dwell on materiel because you are so familiar with our status. Let me just say I could cite a host of further examples. Aside from these measures of incompleteness of our progress, consider all the pressures on us to do more, or to do better - in the realm of Special Operations Forces, limited intensity conflict, in counter- terrorism, in drug enforcement and so forth. In a similar vein, we have new missions and command responsibilities. Fifteen years ago there was no Central Command. Today it is a major headquarters which bears the planning responsibility for possible United States commitments in South Asia, and which would direct our operations there if we had to project force into the region. Fifteen years ago there was no Indian Ocean Task Force. We are currently deployed there 365 days a year. A decade ago our headquarters in Panama was, to many people, a low priority command. Now it receives national attention. These unfulfilled goals and new demands place a high premium on sustaining public support for defense. The fact is, of course, we are engaged in a contest that is a marathon not a sprint, but the real question is not what kind of race it is, but whether we are going to stay the course. I'm not arguing that we must match the Soviet Union or anyone else weapon for weapon, gun for gun or man for man. We all know - in fact, we insist - that our humane and decent society must do many things in addition to building its military strength. We understand, therefore, that in a major war or other engagement with the Soviets, we are going to go into battle at sea, on the land, or in the air outnumbered in both manpower and equipment. Military leaders in my generation have learned that that is a fact of life, and we move on to find ways to compensate with quality weapons systems, excellent people, realistic training, broad and responsive logistical support and the help of our Free World friends and allies. But that makes it a "sporty" course; a package that leaves little margin for error, and no room for retreat from the challenge in any of those compensatory areas. The programs of the early 1980s have given us the right impetus. In my view, America is safer as a result, and the prospects for what many citizens understand as peace are higher. But the job simply isn't finished, and the outcome of our budget agonies in the last couple of cycles left us short of where we need to be. Moreover, given the current state of the public mind on these matters, I am convinced that we will probably confront a similar struggle this year. We may be able to live with one or two points on a flat or descending appropriations curve, but several years of declining appropriations would be disasterous and I mean that genuinely. I can't help but be alarmed by the signal which a continuing zero or negative growth defense budget would send to both our allies and our potential opponents. Frankly, such a policy at this time is not justified by the threat, the political climate or the military situation. You would think our history would be helpful here. Four times in the last 90 years we have let our defenses sag and then were forced into combat dangerously unprepared. In each instance, we paid an exorbitant and needless price in lives, treasure and instability. Americans seem to have painfully short memories. I heard a wag say that we remember the Alamo, we remember the Maine, we remember Pearl Harbor. When we win, we forget them. This, of course, is why I put so much stress on communicating military views, concerns and needs to the civilian community. No military leader in our nation desires war. To keep the peace is the fundamental mission of the armed forces, and the primary measure of their success is the ability to deter conflict. But we must constantly remind our citizens that freedom is not free. It requires continuous effort, vigilance and, at all times, sacrifice; the type of sacrifice for which this Republic is famous. It is imperative for Americans to recognize: That our military strength underwrites our foreign and economic policies and is an indispensable pillar of our liberty, ? That the threat is real, diverse and part of the everyday world, ? And, lastly, that we have some ways to go in improving our armed forces before we can face the future with genuine confidence. If deterrence is to continue to work well, we must match the growing danger with a consistent and rational defense policy geared for the long run instead of one marked by peaks and valleys which have characterized so much of our peacetime history. If the US military is to be successful, it needs good people and good hardware. But, above all, it needs the patience and continuing support of all our citizens. Our military is not a separate and distinct community. It is an integral element of the society it serves and, in the end, it will only be as good as you want it to be. Summer 1987 P Approved For Release 2004/1 p/~r '1 . &R-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) ALLER, Mr. George B. 2168 N. Fairway Lane Oak Harbor, WA 98277 DALGLEISH, Mr. Donald D. 6022 North 59th Place Scottsdale, AZ 85253 FULLERTON, Mr. Steven P. 1700 E. 13th Street #22-Y East Cleveland, OH 44114 ASHER, Mr. Jesse W. 372 E. Maple Street Dyer, TN 38330 BARRICKLOW, Col. Fred M. 10919 Whisper Ridge San Antonio, TX 78230 BENZ, Mr. Bill K. 6501 W. Charleston #121 Las Vegas, NV 89102 BOOTH, Mr. Franklin R. 14 Scholl Road Pottstown, PA 19464 BOWMAN, CDR Marion E. USN SJA COMNAVLOG PAC, Box 5 Pearl Harbor, HI 96860 BRETT, Mr. Cecil C. 700 North 9th Street Monmouth, IL 61462 BRIGGS, Mr. Charles A. 1752 Broadside Lane Vienna, VA 22180 BRIGGS, Mr. Ralph T. 5224 S. Annie Oakley Dr. Las Vegas, NV 89120 CALLOWAY, Mr. Daniel J., Proenza, White et al 2900 Middle Street Miami, FL 33133 CONNOR, Mr. Robert T. 1610 Starling Drive Sarasota, FL 33581 COX, George Thomas 382 Sweden Street Caribou, ME 04736 CRUSOE, Mr. David G. 4009 Arrowood Dr. Las Vegas, NV 89117 CUNNION, Col Francis J. (USAF-Ret) 2708 Virginia St NE Albuquerque, NM 87110 DEKKER, Mr. Clarence E. 5805 Herbert Street Burke, VA 22015 DeLEEUW, 1 Lt John F. 5341 Castle Road Abilene, TX 79606 DeSANTIS, Mr. Edward Pinkerton's Inc. 138 Church Street New York, NY 10007 DIMLER, Mr. Lewis E. 4824 Ponderosa Dr. Annandale, VA 22003 DORR, Mr. George W. 2615 Silverdale Court Silver Spring, MD 20906 DOUNTAS, Mr. Peter J. P.O. Box 36647 Albuquerque, NM 87176 DUNTLEY, Mr. Seibert 0. 2570 Caminito Porthcawl La Jolla, CA 92037 EDWARDS, Mr. Charles F. 112 1 /2 Jones Street Hollidaysburg, PA 16648 FALBAUM, Mr. Bertram S. 14909 Jaslow Street Centreville, VA 22020 FAVORITE, Mr. Jerry M. 10 W. Park Street Westerville, OH 43081 FLINT, Mr. Howard M. 1481 Bell Road Chagren Falls, OH 44022 FORDHAM, Mr. Gregory L. 5959 First Landing Way Burke, VA 22015 FRITZ, Mr. Paul V. 27 Ridgecrest Ter. #12 West Roxbury, MA 02132 GALLAGHER, Mr. Derry J. P. 0. Box 693 Boulder, CO 80306 GARDNER, Mr. David W. 6990 Mink Hollow Rd. Highland, MD 20777 GIBBONS, Mr. Francis E. 13720 S.W. 73 Ct. Miami, FL 33158 GIBSON, CDR Moses M. III (USN-Ret) 1400 S. Joyce Street, #C-113 Arlington, VA 22202 GRAVES, Mr. Hunter Lee Rt. 1, Box 569 N. Garden, VA 22959 GUZZO, Mr. John R. 34 Russell Road Albany, NY 12205 GUZZO, Mrs. Nancy A. 34 Russell Road Albany, NY 12205 HAUSKEN, Col Leonard R. 775 Sycamore Avenue San Bruno, CA 94066 HAYES, Mr. Hugh D. 3190 70h St. SW Naples, FL 33999 HELANDER, Mr. Melvin 2908 Wisconsin, N.E. Albuquerque, NM 87110 HENDERSON, Mr. Lindsey P. 111 E. 49th Street Savannah, GA 31405 HOLBROOK, Mr. Willard A. 724 20th Avenue San Francisco, CA 94121 HOTTEL, Mr. David T. 110 Leisure Street Stafford, VA 22554 Page 8 Approved For Release 2004/f' ?OLfA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) HOWARD, Mr. Frank W. P. 0. Box 521087 Tulsa, OK 74152 McKECHNIE, Mr. C. Logan 9820 Maine Ave. Lakeside, CA 92040 RESH, Mr. Ronald E. 416 Hungerford Dr., Suite 316 Rockville, MD 20850 JONES, Mr. J. Nicholas 3239 W. LeMoyne St. Chicago, IL 60651 KENNEALLY, Mr. Dennis M. 1016 South Wayne St. Arlington, VA 22204 KIZAK, Mr. Edward J. 216 Melbourne Avenue Indialantic, FL 32903 KRAMISH, Mr. Arnold P. 0. Box 2621 Reston, VA 22090 KUHN, Mr. F. Stuart 377 Madrone Avenue Larkspur, CA 94939 La VALLE, LTC Luke P. Jr. USAR 460 E. 79th Street, #15A New York, NY 10021 LeFEVRE, Mr. Carl A. 421 Barton Run Blvd. Marlton, NJ 08053 LEWIS, Mr. Robert J.C.K. 14003 Parkvale Road Rockville, MD 20853 LITTLE, Mr. Arthur F. 9718 St. Andrews Drive Fairfax, VA 22030 LOEB, Mr. James J. 2 Sutton Place South, #15D New York, NY 10022 LUKE, Mr. James A. 3804 Adams Drive Wheaton, MD 20902 LUSK, Mr. James R. 1401 Lime Rock Dr. Round Rock, TX 78681 MacCORMACK, Mr. Robin 483 Beacon Street Boston, MA 02115 McGINTY, Mr. Dan L. 3663 Promentory Street San Diego, CA 92109 McLEROY, Mr. James D. 5404 Montgomery St NE, #611-A Albuquerque, NM 87109 McMICHAEL, Mr. John W. 6535 E. 60th Street Tulsa, OK 74145 MENARD, Mr. Edward J. 1235D Ramsel Court San Francisco, CA 94129 MORGAN, LCDR William B. (USN-Ret.) 1169 Laurel Loop NE Albuquerque, NM 87122 MURRAY, Mr. John M. 707 E. Roy, #5 Seattle, WA 98102 NICKELL, Mr. Daniel B. 14582 Olde Kent Rd. Centerville, VA 22020 NIMMER, Ruth G. 3413 Alabama Ave. Alexandria, VA 22305 NOORY, Col George G. (USAFR-Ret) 3500 Everest Drive Millcrest Hgts., MD 20748 NORTON, Mr. William F. 217B Cleveland Ave. Mineola, NY 11501 O'CONNELL, Mr. Edward J. 2016 Westwood Ter. Vienna, VA 22180 O'CONNOR, Mr. Francis X. 18909 Muncaster Road Derwood, MD 20855 PRICE, MAJ Donald L. P. 0. Box 9608 Naples, FL 33941 RAAD, Mr. Antonio 469 Almeda Street Detroit, MI 49203 RIEDER, Mr. Eugene W. 12320 Melody Turn Bowie, MD 20715 SCANLON, Mr. John B. 10713 Montgomery Dr. Manassas, VA 22111 SCHULER, Mr. Richard H. 356 White Oaks Dr. Albuquerque, NM 87122 SEEGREN, LtCol Norman W. 3702 Prado Place Fairfax, VA 22031 SINGEL, Mr. Robert D. 1001 Windswept Dr. Great Falls, VA 22066 SMITH, Ms. Denyse 15 Eleventh Ave South Naples, FL 33940 SMITH, Mr. William H. 3052 Bel Pre Road, #303 Silver Spring, MD 20906 STEADMAN, Mr Charles R. 9 Greenway Plaza, #806 Houston, TX 77046 STEWART, Mr. James P. (Jack) 1219 Matamoros Street, #501 Laredo, TX 78040 TRAVESKY, Mr. John J. 9125 Copper NE, #706 Abuquerque, NM 87123 TULICH, CDR Eugene N., USCG 17110 Wood Bark Road Spring, TX 77379 WILLIAMS, Mr. Philip R. 292 SE 30th Avenue Hillsboro, OR 97123 WILLIAMS, Mr Robert A. 720 S. Franklin Street Olympia, WA 98501 WYNECOOP, LtCol Joseph A. (USAF-Ret.) 3832 Hillway Drive Glendale, CA 91208 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/117&fl$MeRDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Page 9 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Late James J. Angleton Lauded For Achievements Shortly after the last issue of Periscope went to press, AFIO member James J. Angleton, CIA's former chief of counterintelligence, passed away. As was noted then, he had received a belated vindication in the media. With his death, further tributes were forthcoming to recognize his achievements. Former DCI Richard Helms noted that Angleton was "a great patriot" who played a pivotal role in developing CIA capabilities against hostile spying. "James Angleton was to American counterespionage operations what Thomas Edison was to the development of electricity," Helms said. CIA described Angleton as "a lifetime intelligence professional who gave many years of service to his country." N. Scot Miler, a member of AFIO's board of directors and a former colleague of Angleton, praised him as a "renaissance man" who attempted to build a national counterintelligence program in the face of rigid bureaucratic resistance. "He was a global thinker, who was first to recognize the dangers of Soviet disinformation," Miler said. "From 1965 on, he tried to educate people to the fact that the disinformation was more than just propaganda; it is part and parcel of the communist program of political, strategic and military subversion of the West." Said the Washington Times, "A major character in both contemporary spy fiction and non-fiction, Mr. Angleton coined the term 'wilderness of mirrors' in describing the business of spy vs. spy, where perceptions and deceptions were not to be accepted at face value." Senator Malcolm Wallop described Angleton as "the architect of the best counterintelligence program the United States ever had." "In the mid-1970's," the senator continued, "Mr. Angleton went out of fashion, but he lived long enough to see time and events vindicate him and how little his accusers understood the difficult and inherently thankless business of counterintelligence. Today we can be grateful for the lessons of skepticism and intellectual honesty for which James Angleton should always be remembered." An editorial in the Washington Times referred to Angleton as a "living legend," observing that "the suspicion and secrecy that he deliberately cultivated, and which go with the profession he had chosen, alienated and frightened many who knew less but talked more than the cryptic spymaster-who did not write his memoirs, did not appear on television, and who cultivated his orchids in very private retirement." The editorial noted that in the early 1970's Angleton's "habitual distrust of the Soviets-and of Westerners who gurgled over them-was out of step with the times . . . Not until the Reagan administration began to reconsider the need for counterintelligence ... did the CIA again redevelop the capacity that Angleton's skills had con- structed, and even today it still lacks what the United States should have in this respect." The Washington Post noted that Angleton's death occurred shortly before a scheduled meeting with Sen. David Boren, the chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee, and that "Boren wanted to ask the old master about American intelligence lapses from Moscow to Tehran. Angleton would have had a lot to say." Of Angleton, described as "a great spy ... elegant and eccentric and deadly," the article observed, "Since American officials got tired of listening to Angleton, the Soviets were able to listen to American officials." Senator James A. McClure, in remarks inserted in the Congressional Record, observed, "In the dark days of the early 1970's, our country's intel- ligence system was under assault. This attack was par- ticularly shocking because it was spearheaded by Members of the US Congress, the very individuals charged with protecting our national security. As a result of this undoing, we have seen the collapse of friendly governments and the death of our own agents. To this day, our ability to glean knowledge of our enemies' machinations has been seriously crippled. "The business of intelligence is not simple. It presents ambiguities to the examination of naive inquisitors. James Angleton was the epitome of ambiguity and complexity, and a victim of the purges of the early 1970s. Born in Boise, Idaho, he was a citizen of the world, and the very symbol of the mysterious world of counterintelligence. His death marks the end of a living legend." Convention To Focus On Counterintelligence Issues AFIO's thirteenth annual convention, slated for October 8-10, 1987, at the Sheraton Hotel, Tysons Corner, Virginia, will bring together a host of authorities in the field of counterintelligence. According to convention chairman Charles V. Brewer, the first day's session will highlight why the US needs counterintelligence, with an examination of counterintelli- gence both within the United States and abroad. The second day's sessions will begin withexpert commmentary on American and Allied officials held hostage and how more effective counterintelligence efforts could preclude or reduce this type of international crisis. Another session will concern the need for dialogue between the academic and intelligence communities A pool-side barbeque with entertainment is scheduled for the evening of the 9th. Distinguished speakers will appear at the daily luncheons and banquet on the evening of the 9th. Registration information is enclosed with this issue. ^ Page 10 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/1 pNisc:RX-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11? 'SUikeRDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Page 11 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Statement by the President The Central Intelligence Agency His Nation and all those who love freedom honor today the name and memory of Bill Casey. In addition to crediting him with rebuilding America's intelligence capability, history will note the brilliance of his mind and strategic vision, his passionate commitment to make personal sacrifices for the sake of that cause and his country. Nancy and I have lost a long-time supporter, a wise and unselfish counselor and a good friend. In extending our condolences to Sophia, Bernadette and other members of the family, we pray that the knowledge of his countrymen's respect and admiration as well as the hope inherent in his own deep religious faith will provide them comfort and consolation. America has lost a patriot, and the cause of freedom an able champion. Ronald Reagan "Those who knew Bill Casey will remember him for his service to his country in both war and peace. He was a man with high ideals and high energy; a patriot with warriorlike commitment to public service, and to the strength and security of the United States." George Bush The Central Intelligence Agency deeply regrets the death of former Director William J. Casey. We extend the sympathy of all employees to Mrs. Casey, their daughter Bernadette and the rest of Mr. Casey's family. Mr. Casey believed strongly that excellent intelligence is Remarks of, Judge William H. Webster Director of Central Intelligence At the Memorial Service Held at CIA June 2, 1987 Sophia `[Mrs.Casey], Bernadette [Mr. Casey's daughter], members of the Casey family, and members of the intelligence family. We are here today to honor the memory of a great man. All of us who knew Bill Casey were very much aware of how he loved and respected the in- telligence business, the Central Intelligence Agency, and all of you who worked for him. And, of course, that love and respect was reciprocated by all of you in the fullest possible measure. He was my good friend We traveled thousands of miles together. I'm not agolfer, but when I played golf, I liked to play it with Bill Casey. I was drawn to Bill and Sophia because they represent my own sense of what family. is all about. It is not hard to understand how Bill Casey cap- tured your loyalty and enthusiasm. He simply com- pelled: it through his own dedication, optimism and Spirit. Ambassador Jeane Kirkpatrick, in the eulogy she delivered at Bill Casey's funeral Mass, cited a quotation that Bill used in one of his last public ad- dresses. I'd like to share it with all of you now because I think it captures Bill's special qualities of courage and conviction: The Speaker of the House the nation's first line of defense. He strove vigorously and successfully to enhance the quality and quantity of information provided to policy- makers and in that process brought a high degree of collegiality and openness to his dealings with the other members of the Intelligence Community. We have benefited from his leadership and we shall miss him. The Attorney General "I am saddened by his death, but appreciative of the contributions he made to the United States, particularly in the last seven years." Edwin W. Meese III US Attorney General Fordham University The Fordham University Board of Trustees mourns the passing of our esteemed Trustee Emeritus. Bill Casey, a devoted alumnus, had an abiding interest in Fordham. His astute counsel and support will be greatly missed. We extend deepest sympathy to the family. Chairman, SSCI "Mr. Casey's place in history has been vouchsafed by a "Bill Casey will be remembered for his strong personal lifetime of service to this nation. He has rendered many commitment to the rebuilding of America's intelligence significant contributions and should and will be remember- capability." ed for them." Rep. Jim Wright Senator David L. Boren Speaker, Chairman US House of Representatives Senate Select Committee on Intelligence Page 12 Approved For Release 2004/11? 6?? 3l -RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Veterans of OSS "... One of the greatest and most loyal Americans of this day and age." Geoffrey M.T. Jones President, Veterans of OSS "It really is the passing of an era ... I think Bill Casey was sort of a larger-than-life director of the CIA." Senator Patrick Leahy Former Vice Chairman Senate Select Committee on Intelligence "William Casey had a long and distinguished career in The Congress ". .. a great patriot." Senator Orrin Hatch "A man who dedicated his life to his country in war and peace. When his country called, he always answered. I shudder to think where this country would be right now without the indispensible work of Bill Casey. Let's remember today who Bill Casey was-a true American patriot." Senator Robert Dole Senate Minority Leader "The intelligence perform- ance of this country has improved tremendously over the last six years ... (He had a) distinguished record of commitment to this country. Mr. Casey served this nation with dedication, purpose and energy." Senator Daniel K. Inouye Chairman Senate Iran-Contra Com. "I saw many that others will not successes and cannot see, successes that were made possible by the dedication and "Far better it is to dare mighty things, to win glorious triumphs, even though checkered by failure, than `to take rank with those poor spirits who neither enjoy much nor suffer much, because they live in the.. gray twilight that knows not victory nor defeat." Although Bill in that speech was quoting Teddy Roosevelt, he was actually describing his own per- sonal philosophy and the spirit he began to imbue in the Central Intelligence Agency the very first day he took over the helm six years ago. It's also important to note that this speech and quotation was not given before one of Bill's typical audiences not before a gathering of the captains of Industry, or the elite of the national security estab- lishment. Bill, rather, was talking to a gathering of Boy Scouts and his theme was that never in this nation's history, and I quote Bill here: "have we been in greater need of Teddy Roosevelt's courage, realism, and absolutely overwhelming sense of op- timism about this country and what it can achieve," Simply put, Bill Casey loved his country deeply, worried about its future, and wanted to imbue us - from the Boy Scouts on up - with his own spirit, patriotism and commitment. Perhaps the greatest tribute to Bill's memory that I and all of you can make is to pledge that we will never squander or see diminished the legacy and the spirit that Bill Casey left for us here at the Central Intelligence Agency. commitment of Bill Casey . . . (He) greatly improved the quality of intelligence analysis, restored the international credibility of our intelligence agencies and improved morale in the agency . . . as historians begin to evaluate the Casey era, we will see the tremendous impact Bill Casey had on U.S. foreign and intelligence policy. His contributions, in service to the nation he loved so much, have made a substantial, lasting mark." Senator Dave Durenberger Former Chairman Senate Select Committee on Intelligence can be lost by against a tyrant government going back to the OSS in World War II. He was considered tough, single- minded, a patriot ..." Senator Warren Rudman Vice Chairman Senate Iran-Contra Com. "... he was an American original . . . He had a distinguished career in my father's mold at the SEC, and an uncommon dedication to public service and his, president, even if he always seemed to keep one step ahead of the posse in Congress." Senator Edward M. Kennedy "While serving as a member of the Congress and of the House Intelligence Committee, I came to know Bill Casey as forthright, forthcom- ing and thoroughly knowledge- able about his delicate and critical assignments ... Above all, he was dedicated to protecting human rights, including freedom of religion, freedom of assembly and freedom of the press . . . an American loyal to all that we revere and hold dear, was obedient to those higher callings of human freedom that of a brave leader in the battle such as Daniel Ortega." Robert McClory Former Member of Congress Former President Nixon "He restored the morale and capability of CIA after it had been badly shattered." Summer 1987 Periscope Page 13 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: C1A-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 William J. Casey A Eulogy delivered by the Hon_ Jeane J. Kirkpatrick St. Mary's Church, Roslyn Harbor, New York May 9, 1987 "Bill Casey is a controversial man," a liberal journalist said to me last week. You have to face that." But, of course, I said, he was a bold committed man in an age rent by controversy. In Paradise Lost, Dante reserved the lowest run of hell for those who did not care - for those who, confronted by great questions, are uninterested; who, faced with great needs, are unmoved; who, offered great opportunities, feel no challenge; who, endowed with freedom and power, make no use of it; the kind of man who, observing a battle between tyrants and those who would be free, remain indifferent. Bill Casey was no such man. And, he knew it. In one of his last public speeches, he quoted Theodore Roosevelt: "Far better it is to dare mighty things, to win glorious triumphs, even though checkered by failure, than to take rank with those poor spirits who neither enjoy much nor suffer much, because they live in the gray twilight that knows not victory nor defeat." "A lawyer," Casey once said, "has a ringside seat at the human comedy." But this lawyer was not content to merely observe his times. "Casey is a real warrior," a CIA colleague told me ... because, one might add, he decided to be. He had a choice. Before he was a warrior, Bill Casey was an intellectual, a man of letters, a bibliophile, prodigious reader, researcher, writer, editor. "During my entire working life," he wrote, "my activities as-a lawyer, author, editor have involved the gathering, analysis, and evaluation of information and applying it to practical purposes." This penchant for gathering, analyzing and evaluating intormation made Bill Casey a superb Director of the Central Intelligence Agency where, insiders understand, his greatest interest and most outstanding contribution was to strengthen the skill and confidence of the CIA's analysts. The same commitment to gathering, analyzing, and evaluating information led Bill Casey to the conclusion that our violent century is dangerous for Americans, that the stakes are very high, and that we no longer have a comfortable margin for error. These views were the spur to action. Watching the Soviet Union shoot down KAL-007 on the mere suspicion that it might have been engaged in espionage (as he put it), observing the framing and arrest of Nicholas Daniloff (hostage taking, he called it), Casey concluded that in the Soviet Government, we are dealing with men who have a "fundamentally alien and totally unpalatable value system." He believed on the basis of vast information collected and reflected on, that the Soviet leadership is "committed to building a military force that could fight and win a nuclear war." He was deeply concerned with growing U.S. vulnerability to the Soviets' highly accurate mobile missiles which "promise to make deterrence through offensive missiles increasingly uncertain in the years ahead." He worried about the Soviets' long lead in research on high laser particle beam weapons, radio frequency and kinetic energy weapons. He ardently supported SDI against a relentless Soviet propaganda campaign. He was also concerned, for both human and strategic reasons, about the Soviets' "creeping imperialism" in the Third World. They had, he said, "unleashed the four horsemen of the Apocalypse - famine, pestilence, war, and death" - in Ethiopia, Cambodia, Afghanistan, Mozambique - devastating people and moving relentlessly toward "two primary targets" - the oil fields of the Middle East (the lifeline of the Western Alliance), and the Isthmus of Panama, which separates North and South America. No one welcomed signs of Soviet liberalization more than Bill Casey. But glasnost has not come to Afghanistan, Nicaragua or to Soviet Jews. These people will one day be free from force, Casey believed, because "the pendulum of history is slowly but surely swinging away from Soviet Marxism ... toward democracy and free market economics." "The Soviet Union may have a proven recipe for subversion and an undiluted willingness to use raw power to shore up its unpopular clients, but we in the West have an infinitely more powerful weapon - the promise of long-term prosperity." "I am high on the free market," Casey told the Washington Post and many others. Freedom, he believed, worked for him, for us, and for every people who tried it. It is the alternative and the antidote to tyranny, stagnation, and starvation. In addition to doing what we can to support the indigenous freedom fighters, Casey wrote, we need to bring to bear the West's technological ingenuity, entrepreneurial talents, and free markets on the core problems of development and "piece by piece, technique by technique, country by country" eliminate hunger and raise Third World living standards. "All we have to do is muster the courage and resolve to use our enormous advantages." He had thecourage and resolve. He could barely stand it when we missed an opportunity to protect the United State and promote freedom. Bill Casey was a man of passionate convictions, willing to work long hours, make hard decisions, and endure criticism. He dared to take a big step where one was required, understanding like David Lloyd George, that you can't cross a chasm with two small jumps. He did not take to unnecessary risks, and he was not daunted by difficulties or difficult people. He worried quite a lot about America's growing incapacity to act with discretion and dispatch. Most of all, Bill Casey had a passionate commitment to preserving the independence and freedom of the United States - from terrorists, nuclear blackmail and isolation. Because he saw them as directly relevant to American security, developing a defense against incoming nuclear missiles and supporting Nicaraguan freedom fighters had special priority for him. There is no question about it. But they had no more priority than law. Bill Casey was one smart lawyer who understood politics-and history as well. He was a savvy, sometimes sassy, always feisty guy - and a fighter. Some mean spirited, ill informed comments have been written and spoken in the last days, reminding us, as Marcus Arelius said, "There is no man so fortunate that there shall not be by him when he is dying some who are pleased with what is going to happen." These unpleasant comments would not have overly disturbed our friend, "The CIA is (not) the place for tender egos and shriveling violets." He told a university last fall, "The debates and clashes of ideas can get rough." Casey could take the guff required to support unpopular ideas - like the free market, and controversial causes - like the contras - because he had studied the evidence and thought through his positions. He could take the guff and not give up because he had build his life on solid foundations. Plato and St. Augustine tell us one knows a man by what he loves. We know Bill Casey through his loves - of Sophia, Bernadette, his church, his country, his books, his freedom. Bill Casey's inspiration was Greek in the cultivation of all his capacities, Roman in his love of law, Christian in his love of God and the Church, American in his love of freedom. He lived his life to the hilt and left it in the spirit of the man who said, "I am perfectly resigned. I am surrounded by my family. I have served my country. I have reliance upon God, and am not afraid of the Devil." Bill Casey, with his intelligence, courage, wit and zest, contributed enormously to his family, his country, his president, and his friends. ^ Page 14 Approved For Release 2004/11ffl*isOiOaRDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 Media Reflects on Casey Achievements Following the death of William J. Casey, editors across the country reflected on his contribution to our nation and our society. Members of AFIO know of his dedication to this organization, first as a member of the board of directors and later, as DCI, when he was a frequent speaker at AFIO educational symposia and meetings. His loss touches us deeply, and it is perhaps appropriate to let the nation's editors speak for us, providing that neutral ground that history demands. Here are just a few. "Through a long private career in law and finance and in tours of mostly high-level public service in intelligence and economic affairs, he displayed a zeal for action that was matched by a restless political and intellectual energy. The broad public knew him as someone who crashed in and out of the news, leaving a trail of enthusiasms, achievements and, sometimes, large, troublesome questions and indiscretions. Others knew him as one who combined passionate scholarly curiosity with an astounding range of worldly experience and personal audacity." Editorial Washington Post 11 * .. William Casey served his country and profession well and honorably. In a time when the reputation and morale of both had dwindled, he-like the president for whom he worked-helped bring them back. He should be remembered with respect." Editorial Washington Times "William J. Casey was among the last of a very special breed of 20th Century American, one of 'Wild Bill' Donovan's boys ... this legendary figure's contribution to his country's security-over a 45-year period, in war and in peace-will endure well beyond the Iran affair. As it should." Editorial New York Post "Casey was a God-fearing man, and he knew that the beginning of wisdom is the fear of the Lord, before whom, one confidently believes, those who struggle against the totalitarians will confidently appear." William F. Buckley, Jr. Universal Press Syndicate CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 ". . . like no other public man today. . Bill Casey was one of the most well-read men in modern American government. He was gruff and blunt, but he had an exquisite mind illuminated and ennobled by these walls of philosophy, literature, history, finance, economics and more. Now there will be books about him. He was a great man." R. Emmett Tyrrell, Jr. Washington Post " . . the Casey legacy is a formidible intelligence service. Without one, we are naked in a modern world." Ernest B. Furgurson Chief, Washington Bureau Baltimore Sun "an enthusiast, not a zealot; warmhearted, not thin- skinned; loyally discreet, not secrecy-obsessed. William Safire New York Times "William Casey took that tough, thankless job at a time in his life when most people are content to sit back and savor the fruits of a lifetime of work. He didn't take the job because he needed the money or had an axe to grind. He took it because he loved his country and believed in the principles it stands for. He was a dedicated patriot in the finest sense of the term and served his country well. Hiss family can be proud of his contributions. as can we all." Jeff Joseph Nation's Business Today "... served his country to the best of his ability, defying the odds and the critics." Editorial Boston Globe "He was an authentic American original ... He lived on the edge. And when he died he was on the edge again." Editorial Chicago Tribune "Bill Casey's career doesn't need posthumous vindication, in part because it too was guided by passionately held beliefs ... He saw it as his primary task to rebuild the agency he headed so that it would provide the intelligence services that are vital to national security. He had his priorities right, and the nation should be grateful for this and his other services over a long career." Editorial Wall Street Journal Summer 1987 Periscope Page 15 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 On the Intelligence Bookshelf . . . A. Good Book About A Bad Case Barron, John, Breaking the Ring: The Bizarre Case of the Walker Family Ring. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1987. JOHN Barron is a professional journalist and he has written a professional book in detailing the known facts of the Walker case. However, it is a book written for mass audiences rather than for intelligence professionals who understandably constitute a much smaller market. Barron's book is filled with human interest stories and biographic details on those in the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Department of Justic who played key roles as the case unfolded. In many ways, the book is more about these people than it is about the Walkers and Jerry Whitworth. I found the book disappointing. This is not the fault of the author. The case is disappointing. The Walker case is in every detail a testimonial to the fact that the United States Government does not take espionage committed against it very seriously. It is not willing to take even the smallest measures to prevent our enemies from having a field day with our secrets. It is as though no one in the Congress, or the Administration, or the Courts can really believe that there are bad people in the world who would destroy our nation. The attack on the USS Stark and the murder of our Marines in Beirut were tragic affairs, but they did not happen here in the land of the big PX. No such tragedy has occurred here for more than a century. The reaction of the Secretaries of the Navy and Defense to the Walker case was to reduce the number of security clearances. That same mentality would solve the AIDS problem by outlawing sex. John Walker was a Navy enlisted man who specialized in communications and came to have access to a wide range of naval cryptographic systems. In 1968, he walked into the Soviet Embassy in Washington and recruited himself as a Soviet agent. Until his retirement from the Navy in 1976, Walker passed material to the Soviet Union; in that same year he recruited Jerry Whitworth, a Navy Man with perhaps even greater cryptographic access. Whitworth supplied the Soviets with material through Walker until his retirement in 1983. Along the way, Walker also recruited his brother Arthur and son Michael; the latter two are not known to have had the same access as John Walker and Whitworth. Barron indicates that there is some evidence of other recruitments and that Walker has not explained his espionage activities to the full satisfaction of the investigators. The case surfaced in 1984. In that year Whitworth started writing the FBI on the West Coast anonymous confessions and Walker's divorced wife (who learned of his espionage in 1968) contacted the FBI on the East Coast. Mrs. Walker's first three attempts to interest the FBI were abortive, but a carbon copy of one report found its way to Norfolk where the agent-in-charge recognized Mrs. Walker's description of Soviet tradecraft and used his "old boy net" to activate the case since he was afraid that there was insufficient evidence for formal action. Mrs. Walker did mention a Jerry Wentworth as involved. This, of course, was alliteration for Jerry Whitworth. In May 1985, John Walker, now under surveillance by the FBI, left Norfolk and went to Montgomery County, Maryland, for an exchange with the Soviets. He was observed and later arrested when the FBI retrieved a large number of classified documents he had cached. The details of the exchange procedure are interesting and elaborate: Step 1: Walker finds a signal that the KGB is ready; Step 2: At another location he leaves a signal that he is ready; Step 3: At a third location he drops his documents; Step 4: At a fourth location he picks up the KGB package; Step 5: At a fifth location he finds a signal that the KGB has serviced his drop; and Step 6: At a sixth location he signals that he has serviced their drop. Step 7: The absence of the readiness signals (Steps 1 and 2) by either party indicates either a danger or an inability to perform and a repeat attempt is automatically scheduled in one week. If Walker gets no signal that they have his documents, he retrieves them. Walker was not observed to carry out Step 1, but he did implement Step 2 which was to signal to the KGB his readiness to proceed. Unfortunately, some of the surveillance team retrieved his signal as evidence, thereby alerting KGB Officer A.G. Tkachenko that all was not well. He aborted the mission and departed the area. Walker, throwing caution to the winds, ran around with a flashlight trying to find the KGB package. Having no success, he returned to his drop site to retrieve the documents only to find them gone. He then checked into a local motel where he was arrested with a gun in hand. Arthur, Michael and John Walker were tried, convicted, and are now serving time in the Federal penitentiary system. The Department of Justice concluded that the case against Jerry Whitworth was so circumstantial that the testimony of John Walker was essential to secure a conviction. The Secretary of Defense authorized negotiations with Waker and he did testify against Whitworth, who was convicted in July 1986 and is serving time. What Walker got in return for his testimony is not detailed. Vitaly Yurchenko is quoted as stating, "It was the greatest case in KGB history. We deciphered millions of your messages. If there had been a war we would have won it." In drawing a parallel as to the damage done, Mr. Barron cites our ability to read Japanese communications and the British ability to read German communications during the Second World War. The true impact of these cryptographic efforts is only now emerging and it is clear that their contribution to the Allied victory was highly important if not crucial. If we had gone to war with the Soviets during the period that they were reading our communications, they would indeed have had a tremendous advantage. On June 24th of this year, the Washington Post carried an article by Jack Anderson which quotes the Barron book's stating that the Carter Administration plan for a military operation to follow the failed hostage rescue mission was thwarted by Soviet troop movements which obviously reflected knowledge of US plans. Barron devotes an entire chapter to indications that the Vietnamese and the Soviets knew in detail about impending US naval and air actions, but no one did anything. We did not go to war with the Soviets, so that their advantage in reading our communications no longer exists. We undoubtedly have taken measures to change the cryptographic material and the technology underlying it in light of the Walker case disclosures. Nevertheless, Soviet possession of such materials and their technoloqy over such a long period of time must narrow our options as well as give them important clues as to what our fixes might be. Page 16 Approved For Release 2004/ '1=AU??. -RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 lesson for the Soviet Navy on where and how we track submarines, and why their boats were so easy to find. Thanks to technological diversions from Japan and Norway, the Soviets are reportedly putting these learnings to good use with the result that we will have to spend billions to restore our ability to track the Soviet undersea fleet with accuracy. The Walker case is just another of the many intelligence disasters which have befallen the United States since the CIA was dismantled in the mid-1970s. Each succeeding catastrophe is greeted by howls in the media, smiles by the Soviets, and general frustraiton and bewilderment by the public. What do we do about all this? It strikes your reviewer as sad that despite all the media coverage of US intelligence during the past decade there has been little if any meaningful discussion of the substantive issues involved beyond the immediate headline. Few in the media or in public life seem to understand what intelligence - and particularly counterintelligence - is all about. The core of intelligence throughout history and throughout the world today consists to two matching halves of intelligence and counterintelligence. Simply, intelligence consists of finding out facts about your adversaries so that the policy makers can formulate actions to counter your threats from a position of strength. Counterintelligence consists of keeping your adversaries from doing the same thing to you and forcing you to operate from a position of weakness. sensitive cases. If they don't know the cases, they will blunder around and do more harm than good. It is not the present organizational setup that is a fault. It is attitude. No one likes the Cl people because their basic mission is to rain on peoples' parades. Therefore, the Director of Central Intelligence and his counterparts must have a chief of counterintelligence who is both highly competent and highly trustworthy, and who is not highly ambitious. It is a truism that the way to the top in the CIA and the way to the top in the FBI is not via counterintelligence. In recent years, it has not even been via intelligence. Our masters give lip service to these core pursuits, but the promotions go to those engaged In the current vogue among satellite intelligence operations such as pare-military operations, covert action, counterterrorist activities and narcotics-related intelligence operations. These activities have a negative effect on the core activities of intelligence and counterintelligence In terms of a diversion of effort and personnel, and in recent days have a pretty negative effort period! If we are to reconstitute an effective counterintelligence effort in this nation, it must be reconstituted with clout and its chiefs must have the private ear of the Directors of Central Intelligence and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. A second improvement would be to attract first-class people to Cl work by compensating them for their loss of career opportunities along the lines used by both corporations and the government to retain scientists and the like without their having to be administrators to reach the top pay grades. Counterintelligence consists of three components: personnel security, physical security and counterespionage. Personnel security is concerned with the protection of people with access to the protected information. Physical security is concerned with the protection of facilities containing the protected information from penetration by technical and physical means. Personnel and physical security are essentially passive in nature. Experience has shown for centuries that these measures alone will ultimately be defeated by a determined and resourceful enemy, particularly one that has Walkers volunteering to help. Thus, the third component of counterintelligence - counterespionage - is concerned with the pentration of the enemy's intelligence organization to find out who the Walkers and Whitworths are. Counterespionage operations range from the detection and arrest of foreign agents and their collaborators to a wide range of sophisticated techniques aimed at confusing, diverting or deceiving the enemy. The plethora of Walker-like cases which Mr. Barron encapsulates in his book makes clear that the United States has no counterintelligence capability worthy of the name and that something must be done about it. No one agrees as to what that solution is, however. One school of thought is to create a super counterintelligence organization with lots of people, its own career service, and several Congressional oversight committees to keep It honest. This is a typically American solution to the problem, but what it typifies is the fact that there is a basic lack of understanding as to what constitutes counterintelligence. If the counterintelligence (CI) people are to do their jobs, they need to know the innermost secrets of each organization. If they are removed from their present organizations and combined into some central body they will never have access to the most Alexander Hamilton noted that "a feeble executive implies a feeble execution of government. A feeble execution is but another phrase for a bad execution." US counterintelligence since the 1970s has been pretty feeble. [Norman Longfellow Smith is an experienced counterintelligence officer who also served in CIA's Directorates of Intelligence and Science and Technology.] Salute Our Fellow !Member end; Colleague ,Association of Former ;intelligence Officers General Albert C. Wedemeyer Summer 1987 P c~p@ Page 17 Approved For Release 2004/11P6 . &R-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Donations Mr. Charles V. BELT Rockville, Maryland Mr. Gus VELLIOS Brooklyn, New York Mr. Richard M. BISSELL, Jr. Farmington, Connecticut Mr. Peter J. DOUNTAS Albuquerque, New Mexico Maj. William J. GROSS, (USAF-Ret) Centerville, Ohio Mr. Roger H. HOLLINGSHEAD Silver Spring, Mayland Mr. David KELSEY Clearwater, Florida Mr. Philip R. WILLIAMS Hillsboro, Oregon Major Hector F. UNGER, (USAF-Ret) Portland, Oregon Mr. W. Raymond WANNALL Silver Spring, Maryland Q Q Academic Assistance Fund a Q In Memory of James J. Angleton Mrs. Helen H. KLEYLA Nags Head, North Carolina Mr. Newton S. MILER Placitas, New Mexico Mr. Henry L. T. KOREN Boca Grande, Florida Mr. John R. PANEL Long Beach, California Mr. James M. SCOGGINS Prattville, Arkansas Mr. Ralph SIPES Gowrie, Australia Mr. Russell E. STEVENS, Jr. Milbridge, Maine Major General Robert N. TRUBEY, (USA-Ret) Aptos, California Mr. John R. PHERSON Springfield, Virginia In Memory of William J. Casey Mr. Robert D. BROWN, Jr. Bethesda, Maryland MAJ Thomas B. MACKIE, (AUS-Ret) Chicago, Illinois Dr Walter L. PFORZHEIMER Washington, DC Mr. Edward F. SAYLE Arlington, Virginia Page 18 Approved For Release 2004/Rl?tfF?MA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 PROUDLY PRESENTS THE THIRTEENTH ANN UAL NATIONAL CONVENTION FRIDAY - SATURDAY OCTOBER 9 & 10, 1987 Sheraton Tysons Corner Hotel? 8661 Leesburg Pike Tysons Corner, Virginia (703) 448-1234 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFIO THIRTEENTH ANNUAL CONVENTION 1987 Convention Theme The theme for the 1987 Convention will be "Counterintelligence." This timely topic will be explored from the overview of a need for counterintelligence to meet the threat of the KGB. The specific topics which will be discussed include Foreign Counterintelligence Outside the United States as well as Foreign Counterintelligence Inside the United States. There will also be discussion of the threat from domestic subversive groups and a wrap-up of the current reaction to the threat of foreign intelligence operations against the United States. Location The Convention this year will be held at the Sheraton Tysons Corner Hotel. This hotel was opened in the summer of 1986 and is located at the intersection of Route 7 (Leesburg Pike) and the Dulles Airport Access Road. The address is: 8661 Leesburg Pike, Tysons Corner, Virginia 22180, Telephone (703) 448- 1234. The hotel has 455 luxury guest rooms and 20 suites. There is an Airport Shuttle which runs continuously between Washington Dulles International Airport and the hotel; incoming guests need only pick up the phone at the hotel courtesy phone board. There is an independent airport shuttle service providing transportation to Washington National Airport. If you have a choice in making your plane reservations, arriving at Dulles Airport is more convenient to the hotel. For those attendees who will drive, he hotel has over 500 free parking spaces. Schedule The convention registration will start at 4:00 P.M. on Thursday, October 8, 1987. The Hospitality Room will be opened at that time. This year we will use the card system for the Hospitality Room. Each person will receive a Hospitality Room card upon the payment of $10.00 which may be sent with your Registration corm. This will entitle the purchaser to drinks in the Hospitality Room during the entire time the Hospitality "doom is open. This system has been established to preclude money being collected at the time drinks are served which could cause some problems with the local ABC regulations. The formal convention will open at 9:00 A.M., Friday, October 9, 1987. Hotel Registration Each member intending to stay at the Sheraton Tyson must make his or her own reservation. Please note that the hotel has a requirement that in order to take advantage cf the special Convention rates, the reservation must be received by the hotel by SEPTEMBER 25, 1987. The room rates ($68.00 per night, single or double occupancy) are extremely reasonable for the Washington areaarid we ask you to use the enclosed card for your reservation. The hotel has it own refund policy and you must deal with them directly. Convention Registration The Convention Registration fee is $35.00 for each AFIO member attending the Convention. AFIO members who have registered for theConvention may bring guests to the social functions if they purchase tickets in advance. Guests who wish to attend the Convention sessions are requested to pay a registration fee of $35.00. The social functions are: Friday luncheon, Friday buffet, Saturday luncheon and Saturday banquet. There will be a late charge of $15 for Convention registrations received after 'zeptember_ $_.1.9$7 making the total $50.00. The AFIO Office will close after Wednesday. October 7. 1987 and all Convention records will then be taken to the hotel. The Convention Registration Desk will be open from 4:00 P.M. until 6:00 P.M. on Thursday. October 8, 1987 and will open again at 7:30 Friday morning. Refund Policy Convention registration fees cannot be refunded after September 28. Fees for social events cannot ire refunded after October 6. For hotel refunds and cancellations AFIO members must notify the hotel directly: The Sheraton Tyson (703) 448-1234. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFIO Convention '87 - Tentative Program Thurday 8 October 1600-1800 - Convention Registration 1600-2400 - Hospitality Suite Open Friday 9 October 0730-0830 - Convention Registration 0900-0930 - Formal Opening of Convention 0930-1015 - Need for Counterintelligence 1015-1045 - Coffee Break 1045-1200 - Panel Discussion 1200-1300 - Cash Bar 1300-1430 - Luncheon 1500-1630 - Panel Discussion 1630-2400 - Hospitality Suite Open 1930-2100 - Poolside Buffet Saturday 10 October 0900-1020 - Panel Discussion 1015-1045 - Coffee Break 1045-1200 - Panel Discussion 1200-1300 - Cash Bar 1300-1430 - Luncheon 1500-1630 - Chapter Reports 1630-1830 - Hospitality Suite Open 1900-2000 - Cash Bars 2000 - Convention Banquet 2200-2400 - Hospitality Suite Open CONVENTION REGISTRATION FORMS & CHECK MUST BE SENT TO: AFIO 1987 Convention 6723 Whittier Avenue, Suite 303A McLean, VA 22101 CONVENTION REGISTRATION FORM Friday Luncheon $15.00* Friday Buffet $ 8.00* Saturday Luncheon $15.00* Saturday Banquet $15.00* Registration Fee $35.00 After 8 September $50.00 Hospitality Suite $10.00 ENCLOSED AMOUNT *Price includes tax and gratuity Make checks payable to: AFIO 1987 CONVENTION 05 DUL`~ i S) OLL ROADI SHINGTON LLES LINTERNATIONAL AIRPORT HOTEL RESERVATIONS MUST BE SENT DIRECTLY TO SHERATON' TYSONS CORNER `HOTEL Please print your name and those of your guests for the social functions as you want them to appear on the Convention Name Tag. Name Tags must be worn to gain access to any convention function including the Hospitality Suite. NAME NAME SIGNATURE AFIO MEMBERSHIP NUMBER Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFIO LOOKS FORWARD TO SEEING YOU AT THE WASHINGTON CONVENTION Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Meeting The Challenge In Public Debate Mike Speers In March, I was contacted by a young man who identified himself as the leader of a student activist group. He had arranged for a campus appearance by a notorious anti-intelligence speaker and, because university officials apparently insisted on a balanced presentation, he wanted our chapter to provide a speaker to "present the other side." I agreed, only on condition that the AFIO representative (actually the chapter's scholarship fund) would receive the same speaker's fee as the imported dissident. Imagine my surprise when I received a university contract in the mail a week later. Chapter member Bruce Lawlor, a practicing trial lawyer in Springfield, Vermont, accepted the challenge, and on April 13 appeared before approximately 150 students plus a few professors and the usual activists. What happened during the following two hours was a triumph. If you asked Bruce Lawlor how he did what he did, he probably couldn't tell you. He was just himself, a committed guy whose career had taught him to speak on his feet. After the first few minutes I stopped listening to the debate and began, instead, to watch Lawlor, his opponent, and the reactions of the students. It was an education, a possible lesson in how chapter members can participate in such a forum without turning it into a "confrontation." Not once during the ensuing two plus hours did Lawlor make any personal comments about his opponent, nor did he try to refute directly some of the outlandish statements the man made. On the AFIO side, the theme was courtesy, good humor and the facts. Facts as told first hand by someone who had "been there" and felt deeply about his work. His opponent, on the other hand, came across as a bitter, sincere (by his own lights) and deeply troubled person. He strayed from the theme of the debate. The more he talked, the more incoherent he became, and the more far out the subject matter. To listen to the dissident, one might have concluded that instead of being a retired mid-level employee of CIA (as is the case), he had attended most, if not all, of the National Security Council meetings held during the Vietnam War. Lawlor ignored him for the most part, holding his microphone and walking about the stage, speaking directly to the students. He spoke authoritatively; he spoke with conviction, with courtesy and good humor. During the question and answer period, which lasted almost an hour, I sensed a change in the audience. Lawlor sat at the table with his opponent. He was perfectly relaxed, occasionally taking notes, while his opponent squirmed, shifted, sometimes made notes and perspired profusely. The audience was quiet, no anti-intelligence slogans or placards. The young people were caught up in the whole thing and sensed they were privy to a very unusual event. During the question period, 90% of the queries were directed to Lawlor, who effectively monopolized the whole period. His opponent, recognizing what was happening would get up and announce that he wished to comment on a question directed to Lawlor, but he rarely had the opportunity. The students kept addressing questions to Lawlor, who continued to dominate the evening. When the moderator finally called a halt, Lawlor received a standing ovation. I heard one of the students comment on Lawlor's opponent: "Say, did you check that old guy with mutton Sandinistas Exploit AF.1.0 Membership Directory Several AFIO members has report ed receiving; letters and complimentary copies of Sosberania; the Sandinista propaganda organ, from Freddy Balzan, director of the;!! Anti-Imperialist Tribunal of Our America, Managua,,. Nicaragua. In theletters, Balzan claims that he got the members' names fromAFIO and encourages them to send information for use In his publication, including anonymous contributions. AFIO, of course, did not provide the list being used by the Sandinistas, ands continues to restrict its use of our membership roster to `this organization's mailings to members. AFIO also !learned recently that the AFIO directory has been copied on floppy disks and is being circulated among unauthorized persons and groups Members are reminded of the admonition that appears on the inside cover of the membership directory: "Use of this Directory for fund-raisipg political or commercial purposes is prohibited! It should not be released to non-members. Please help protect yourself and other members from undesirable commercial or other ;exploitation by keeping the Directory from circulating. Indications that it is being used for unauthorized purposes should be reported to the national office." chop whiskers? What a yo yo." Other comments were in the same vein. Some of the lessons we learned from the encounter that might assist other chapters are: 1. Send a pro to debate a pro. Send someone who is practiced in speaking on his or her feet and someone who feels as deeply on the topic of the debate as the other party. 2. Keep things friendly, keep the mood one of courtesy, no matter what the provocations offered by the opposition. 3. Such a forum can be very useful if you have done your homework. Above all, seek the opportunity to speak before young people, no matter how potentially biased the group. On the other hand, I suspect we should not engage in debate with young activists. To do so would inevitably end up in some type of confrontation and, if the audience is of the same age group as the your opponent, it will almost always identify with a member of its own peer group. There is no question that Lawlor's presentation changed some minds in the most important group of all, students of college age. At the conclusion of the evening, four students came up to me and asked if they could attend our next scheduled chapter meeting. All will be invited to be our guests. And Bruce Lawlor? He gets a free lunch on me. ^ Summer 1987 Periscope Page 15 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CFA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFI O ACTIVITIES NATIONWIDE Arizona. Arizona Chapter. The chapter met for luncheon on May 16 at the Aztec Inn, Tucson. Fourteen members and guests were in attendance to hear a most informative talk concerning the mission of the 41st Electronic Combat Squadron stationed at Davis Monthan AFB. Slated as speaker for the September meeting in Phoenix is former congressman Eldon Rudd. California. San Diego Chapter One. Charles Wiley of Accuracy in Media was the guest speaker at the meeting held May 29 at the Admiral Kidd Club. Wiley reviewed his recent trip to Af- ghanistan and spoke of the staunch determination of the Afghans to stay free despite the killings of their people and the destruction of their towns. The audience was kept in awe by Wiley's description of his experiences, and the question and answer period was an active one. Elections were conducted by former chapter president Jerry Cerkanowitz. Elected president is William Blank. First and second vice presidents, respectively are Charles W. Small, Jr., and Lawrence W. Schultheis. Buford "Bill" Lane was elected secretary and Raoul Morales will serve as treasurer. Newly elected members of the board are LtGen Eugene Tighe, Midge Deamant and F. "Mike" Leaman. They were sworn in by Don Perry. The chapter, as in previous years, agreed to host the Naturalization Ceremony for New Citizens, held July 10. L.W'. Schultheis chaired the committee of volunters for the occasion. The article about Arlington Hall in the last issue of Periscope brought back some pleasant memories for Elisabeth T. Allison of San Diego. She escaped from the Special Branch in the Pentagon for service with the F Branch at Arlington Hall and later at Vint Hill Farms. The only problem with the inside knowledge gained in the position said the then-Lt. Elisabeth Flanders, was "sometimes you had to wonder which side anyone was on." San Francisco Bay Area Chapter. Over thirty persons attended the monthly dinner meeting at the San Francisco Tennis Club on the evening of May 20. The dinner began after members and guests mingled at a no host cocktail hour. The Pledge of Allegiance was led by president William Green. 13i11 Green reminded the audience that he can be contacted for persons to write or call regarding the home port of the USS Missouri. Earl Brodie announced that persons wishing to contribute to the Bill Casey Fund, for medicine and humanitarian aid to the Contras, may do so by sending contributions to: The William J. Casey Fund, c/o Mrs.. William J. Casey, Glenwood Road, Roslyn Harbor, Long island, NY 11560. The amount of the contribution is not as important, he said, as the number of persons con- tributing to the fund. Col. John Roscoe read cable #051552 sent by Ambassador Hartman from Moscow in November 1984. In it, the Ambassador called the security precautions at the Embassy "counterproductive counterintelligence" and criticized, in not-so-favorable terms, the personnel involved in that work. Col. Roscoe also pointed out the irony of the situation in which the person who was security engineer officer in Moscow was given the award as Security Engineer of the Year in 1984. Following announcements, Bill Green called on Russ Wiley to introduce the speaker of the evening, Richard D. McCall. Mr. Wiley read off a very long list of professional ac- complishments of the speaker, who was Defense Attache on Cyprus from 1980 to 1984, and for Bulgaria from 1984 to 1987, and whom Wiley had known personally over a period of thirty years. Mr. McCall has recently retired after over 30 years of service. Noteworthy was the fact that Mr. McCall was the first person to serve as Defense Attache while a Reservist, and that he was the first Attache to serve in Cyprus who was able to speak both Turkish and Greek. Mr. McCall began his presentation on the defense attache system with a general description of the strategic location of Cyprus in relationship to Egypt, Israel and Turkey, mentioning that it was a former British colony and still contains two large British military bases. It is also a base of support for the 6th Fleet and the Marines in Beirut. Cyprus' population is comprised of both Greeks and Turks who have been in conflict with each other continually since the Turkish invasion in 1751. The US has maintained diplomatic relations with Cyprus since 1960, although the Turks feel the US favors the Greek population. Since the Turkish invasion of 1974, a virtual military government has been in place on Cyprus with the population split into opposing camps of Turks on 1 /3 of the upper part of the island and the Greek Cypriots on the remaining 2/3 of it. Ambassadors to the island usually have had little military experience and have often failed to realize that the military on Cyprus is not subservient to the government and has considerable political power. The Ambassador serves as the key person in an embassy and his recommendations are crucial. It he makes the wrong evaluation of a situation, the political consequences are immense. In addition, it makes problems for the whole staff of the embassy, which must work as a team. Such a situation occurred on Cyprus before the Turkish Cypriot Declaration of Independence in 1983, when the DIA received conflicting reports from the American Ambassador and Mr. McCall regarding the situation. Mr. McCall's analysis and recommendations proved to be correct, based as they were on an accurate perception of the role the military would play in Turkish Cypriot political decisions. Independence was declared and the US Ambassador eventually was replaced. Mr. McCall emphasized that ambassadors can learn much from mii itary attaches, especially if they lack the Page 20 Approved For Release 2004/1?MsF-eRA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 military and linguistic background to assess, fully and accurately, a given political situation or if they appear to side with one or the other ethic group. Other problems can occur, Mr. McCall suggested, when the military attache has a staff that is greater, and thus more productive, than that of the ambassador. Such a situation developed in Cyprus during Mr. McCall's tour there when his enlarged staff was able to increase intelligence reporting by 400% during that 4 1 /2 year period. In the fall of 1983, just as his tour on Cyprus was about to end, Mr. McCall was asked to serve as Military Attache in Bulgaria, particularly because of his outstanding record in Cyprus and experience with the Turkish-Greek conflict. Another factor was his familiarity with the Russian language; Mr. McCall, with a touch of humor, told of his efforts to resume fluency in a language he had studied thirty years earlier. His experience on Cyprus had prepared him for the undertaking in Bulgaria, which has a population comprised of 15% Turkish and Greeks within its borders. Bulgaria is a communist nation which borders on two NATO allies. Its Slavic population of nine million people once endured 500 years of Turkish rule during the Ottoman Empire. At the current time, both the Greek and the Turkish populations are oppressed within Bulgaria. The Islamic Turks refuse to join the communist party and as a result live as if in an internal exile. As Defense Attache in Bulgaria, Mr. McCall was fortunate to have as his Air Attache an officer who had served also in Ankara. He described an office of seven persons in which one-half of that staff were local nationals. Although he felt a security violation like that recently in Moscow would not be likely in Bulgaria because of the strict controls on access of persons to security areas and in- formation, the possibility of KGB agents or officers among embassy nationals on the staff remains a continuing problem. He recommended stopping the use of foreign nationals on embassy staffs in spite of the increased costs that would be involved. Mr. McCall described the Bulgarian situation as unique because although the nation is run by the communist party and the Politburo, it is a nation that has long felt the origins of Slavic culture and its culture is superior to that of the Soviet Union. It is given "little brother" status by the Soviets, and this it resents. The Bulgarians have been able to keep Soviet troops out of their republic and this is an accomplishment. Mr. McCall described his tour in Bulgaria as interesting and felt he was fortunate to have had such a staff, well-experienced in working in a country with much ethnic, religious and political diversity and conflict. Concluding the presentation, Mr. McCall answered several questions on Cyprus and Bulgaria, pointing out the frequent differences in analysis between that of the Department of State and the Defense Intelligence Agency, noting the strength of the Greek lobby in the United States, and commenting on the deteriorating relations with the Turks. He feels Andreas Popandreou is not helping the Greeks on Cyprus because of his anti-American, pro- Marxist stance in which he equates every American activity with that of the CIA. Mr. McCall's presentation was entertaining, enlightening and lively, clearly reflecting the energy, good humor and intelligence he brought to both tours as Attache. The chapter's president, Bill Green, used the occasion to present him with a gift from the membership, both as a memento and as a token of their esteem. Flforida Suncoast Chapter. The annual election of offers was held April 21, with C. Wendell Poppell elected as president. William Maury Knott was elected vice president and Raymond St. Germain will serve as secretary-treasurer. Hawaii Diamond Head Chapter. The chapter. in coordination with the Retired Officers Association, held a luncheon meeting at the Hale Koa Hotel, Honolulu, on June 24, with 94 members and guests in attendance. The Honorable Tomas Gomez, Consul General of the Phillipines, discussed recent elections there, President Acquino's plans for the future, land reform and the republic's new constitution. Col. William J. Bernard was appointed secretary- treasurer, vice Ed Beidleman, resigned. Western Montana Chapter. Chapter president Dick Grant advised that yet another high school, "the largest in the valley," has been added to Walt Sedoff's yearly schedule of talks before junior and senior schools. Dick reports that Walt's appearance before over 250 students and teachers drew a standing ovation. There were plenty of questions for Walt to address, and the chapter is pleased that he has been invited back to speak to another group of students. On hearing of the death of former DCI William J. Casey, the chapter arranged for a flag to be flown at half staff. The flag is flown from a ridge some 500 feet above the floor of the Bitterroot Valley and backgrounded by the Sapphire Mountains. Nevada Nevada Chapter. The June 10th organizational meeting was held at Sam's Town Hotel and Casino in conjunction with a noonday lunch. There were eleven attendees at the meeting. Copies of the proposed By-Laws were submitted for consideration, suggestions and approval To conduct the affairs of the chapter while additional membership is enlisted, an interim selection of officers was made, with Roger E. McCarthy functioning as president pro tem and Ralph T. Briggs volunteering for the board of directors. The post of first vice president for programs is filled by Kirby Lawson, assisted by Bob Olon. The second Summer 1987 P page 21 Approved For Release 2004/11/81i':'dPXeRDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 vice president for membership is J.T. Toby Romero, Jr., and the secretary's function will be undertaken by Francis R. Sahm, along with responsibilities for publishing an Intelligence Comments letter. Bill Benz will serve as treasurer. With this slate of officers in place, the chapter can now function pursuant to the authority and purpose of AFIO. December has been designated for the nomination and election of officers by the full membership, with a suggested term of office of one year. Word from Nevada is that Francis R. Sahm, the chapter's secretary and editor, is recovering very well from his heart attack of March 10th. He advises that although his lifestyle is somewhat restricted, "I am now back on the firing line." New England New England Chapter. The chapter has elected its first board of directors. Named to the governing body are: Dan Halpin, Eleanore Hoar, Bruce Lawlor, Dave O'Connor, Mike Speers, Barbara Storer, Al Swenson, MG Ed Thompson, Patrick Townsend, and Bob Van Beever. The board held its organizational meeting June 20 to prepare for the quarterly meeting, June 27, at Norwich, CT. The speaker for the meeting was Keith Melton, who discussed and exhibited a portion of his collection of intelligence artifacts. On May 28, chapter president and vice president, Mike Speers and Dave O'Connor, were joined by Bob Van Beever, Richard Palmer and SA Richard Crooks of the FBI's New Haven office in honoring chapter secretary Dan Meisenheimer, Jr., for his hard work, generosity and support of the organization. The event was planned as a surprise by Speers and Linda Ross, who is employed by Dan's company, Spectrum. Meisenheimer was presented with a letter from Vice President George Bush which read: "As the New England Chapter of AFIO meets, I just want to send you my warm best wishes and my sincere apprecia- tion for all you have done to make AFIO so successful. You do so much for your own community that I don't know how you find the time to be so constructive in terms of AFIO. But you have done it, and all your friends respect you for that." The chapter is pleased to have heard from the presidents of the Texas Gulf Coast and the Northern Ohio chapters regarding their plans for future meetings, etc. The New England Chapter has followed the practice of sending its meeting announcements to every AFIO chapter in the hope that should members of other chapters be traveling In the New England area they might wish to attend one of our chapter meetings. Now that we are also receiving an- nouncements from other chapters, it is hoped that some of our members will be able to visit other chapter functions in those areas. New Mexico New Mexico Chapter. At its monthly meeting, April 28, the nominating committee, comprised of Newton S. (Scotty) Miler, Sam J. Papich, Col. Albert R. Bowman and Patrick R. Harvey, proposed a slate of officers for the coming year. The vote was carried unanimously and by acclamation. Charles L. Veneble will serve as president; Edward J. Eames and Philip Mogen are 1st and 2nd vice presidents. Col. Hugh Winter was elected as secretary and Herbert L. Conley was named treasurer. Outgoing president Thomas J. Smith, who had served since the chapter was founded two years ago, notes that it is a very strong chapter. From the original nineteen, current membership has swelled to fifty-five with additional membership applications in process. During the two years, Smith established a good liaison with officers of Kirtland Air Force Base, where the chapter holds its monthly meeting on the fourth Tuesday of every month. The base commander has spoken before the group and has attended several other meetings. The chapter also enjoys a very good relationship with the base security and intelligence offices. OFiio Ohio Chapter. The Flag Day meeting was held at the Hafbrau Haus, Cleveland, with over thirty members, spouses and guests enjoying the buffet. The meeting opened with the Pledge of Allegiance, and in honor of the day each attendee received a porcelain- faced American Flag lapel pin. The chapter honored retired CWO Clarence E. Bennett, vice president of the chapter and "rumored" to the the second oldest W-4 in the US Army. The previous week Bennett had been awarded the Legion of Merit for excep- tionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstand- ing service in positions of ever-increasing responsibility during a military career spanning more than forty years and culminating with his assignment as a counterintelligence technician with the 342nd Military Intelligence Company. His unique personal qualities and professional skills enabled him to serve with praiseworthy fortitude and exemplary dedication to his duties. He also received a certificate from the Chief of Military Intelligence, Fort Huachuca, Arizona, for his outstanding service along with his counterintelligence badge which has been encased in lucite. The inscription on it reads: CW-4 Clarence E. Bennett, Special Agent Counterintelligence 1963-1987. The guest speaker was SSA Thomas Martin, head of the Foreign Counterintelligence Unit of the Cleveland office of the FBI. He discussed the problems of hostile technical espionage. Chapter officers are John L. Lengel, president; John Smith, first vice president; Clarence Bennett, second vice president; and Elaine Reusch, secretary-treasurer. The chapter has made a diligent effort to promote the AFIO Academic Assistance Program. Several colleges have shown great interest: Case Western Reserve, John Carroll and Youngstown Universities. The chapter is contacting a dozen other colleges and universities to explain that the mission of AFIO as an educational foundation dedicated to support of a strong US foreign intelligence capability. Page 22 Approved For Release 2004/1RiviIscPA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Texas Texas Chapter. The chapter, of which Fred Rodell is president, held a dinner meeting, attended by two hundred people, at the Grand Hotel, Houston, on May 26. The dinner was addressed by The Honorable Paul Bremmer, Director, Office of Counter-Terrorism, US Department of State. The Ambassador was very forthright in explaining the incipient threat of terrorists to US personnel and installations world-wide. During the question and answer period, Amb. Bremmer identified the involvement of 30,000 staffers on Capitol Hill as a major problem in implementing the foreign policy of the United States. John Greaney, the executive director of AFIO, who had come to Houston to select a site for the 1989 AFIO convention, was also in attendence. He advised that the Westin Oaks in the Galleria would be the venue of the convention October 13-14, 1989. ^ In Memorium Mr. James J. ANGLETON Arlington, Virginia The Honorable William J. CASEY Long Island, New York Mr. Ernest Jerome LISSNER Honolulu, Hawaii Mr. Vernon E. LONGUET Houston, Texas MI JOINS REGIMENTAL SYSTEM; HONORS "LIVING LEGENDS" Five AFIO members were honored as "living legends" of military intelligence July 1, in ceremonies activating the Military Intelligence Corps under the Army's new regimental system. Honored as Honorary Colonel of the new Corps is Lt. Gen. James A. Williams, (USA-Ret), former Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency. Named as Distinguished Members of the Corps are: Dorothe K. Matlack, a pioneer in the Army's human intelligence efforts; Lt. Gen. William I Rolya (USA-Ret), the first Commander, INSCOM; Maj. Gen. Edmund R. Thompson (USA-Ret), a former ACSI and Deputy Director of DIA; and Col. Norman S. Wells (USA- Ret), who headed both the Directorates of Intelligence Systems and Foreign Intelligence in ACSI. Lt. Gen. Williams will serve a three-year term, then become a Distinguished Member of the Corps. The Distinguished Members named will serve indefinitely. The role of the "living legends" is to perpetuate the history, traditions and lineage of MI. Most will make frequent visits to MI units worldwide, speaking at official functions. Unlike the combat arms branches, which are subdivided into numbered regiments structured similar to brigades, under the new regimental system MI will have only one regimental organization - the MI Corps. All MI soldiers and civilians worldwide will affilitate with the MI Corps, now activated at Ft. Huachuca. According to Maj. Gen. Julius Parker, Jr., Chief of Military Intelligence, "It is a recognition and celebration of our evolution from a plethora of diverse and separate intelligence agencies into a cohesive MI community we enjoy today. In short, it symbolizes that Army Intelligence has truly arrived." A special exhibit featuring the photographs and biographies of the honorees was unveiled at Fort Huachuca to coincide with the inauguration of the Corps. ^ Ms. Connie G. MARCERON Bethesda, Maryland Mr. Hugh McCAFFREY Wahiawa, Hawaii AFIO MEMBERS IN PRINT W. Raymond Wannall, president of AFIO, is the author of three articles published recently in national publications: "J. Edgar Hoover Was My Boss," Conservative Digest, June 1987; "The UN's Secret Service," Early Warning, May 1987; and "New UN Intelligence Group," Information Digest, May 1, 1987. Members desiring single copies of the articles may obtain them by writing national. A cover story by Dr. Louis W. Tordella, vice chairman of AFIO's board of directors, appears in the Summer 1987 issue Cryptolog, the journal of the Naval Cryptologic Veterans Association. In the article, Dr. Tordella addresses the controversy concerning the Japanese "winds" message which would have signaled the Japanese attack on the United States if, indeed, it was sent. Articles by Montana Chapter president Dick Grant are a mainstay of the Montana Legionnaire. In addition to his columns on foreign affairs and national security, which appear monthly in the publication, Dick contributes editorial-type cartoons supportive of the American Legion objectives. Deadline =for Next Issue: October 15, 1987 Summer 1987 Periscope Page 23 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 From the President's Desk Just what induced you to become a member of AFIO? My introduction to the as- sociation was in 1980 when I read an excellent book, The CIA and the American Ethic: An Unfinished Debate, co- authored by Ernest W. Lefever and Roy Godson. The book was based on two premises: "(T)he survival of Western values and free institutions is gravely threatened from abroad, and to counter these threats the United States must have a vigorous and wise foreign policy informed by effective foreign intelligence services." Here is what Drs. Lefever and Godson wrote about our organization: "The Association of Former Intelligence Officers (AFIO) is the most active and, up to now, the most important or- ganization within the 'pro-intelligence' forces ... It now has about 2800 members . . . The leadership and some 150 active members reflect a variety of views about intelligence and other political issues. What unites them all is the belief that the public has been given a seriously distorted under- standing of intelligence and has had little opportunity to get accurate information. The AFIO has stepped into the vacuum to defend the intelligence services from the more extreme attacks and to put the subject into better perspec- tive for public debate. They do not, however, see their mission as critiquing, revamping or reforming US intel- ligence services, which they believe functioned effectively before the attacks of the early 1970s and would function equally well today if permitted to do so ... It's principal ac- tivities are public relations and education. When asked, it has given testimony at congressional hearings. The AFIO has responded to about 500 requests for speakers from high schools and colleges and from the media . . . " When I read this, I was doing on an individual basis what so many of you have done - speaking, testifying, submitting to media interviews - all in support of a strong and respon- sible national intelligence establishment. And, possibly like many of you, I decided to join AFIO's crusade. There's no arguing with the old adage about strength in numbers. We now have about 3,400 members and considerably more than 150 active ones. Since joining, I've learned what prestigious and distin- guished members we have. Hardly a month goes by that one or more of our associates is not honored as an out- standing proponent of effective intelligence operations. On May 15, 1987, two members carried away top honors at the awards ceremony of the National Intelligence Study Center. Scott D. Breckinridge, whose The CIA and the US Intel- ligence System has proven popular with the scholars sup- ported by AFIO's Academic Assistance Program, received the award for "Best Book on Intelligence (US) for 1986." Edward F. Sayle, editor of Periscope, received the award for "Best Scholarly Article, 1986." Through the courtesy of The International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, in which the article appeared, a copy of Ed's article is enclosed with this issue of Periscope. On June 24, 1987, Life Member John Alex McCone, who served as DCI from 1961 to 1965, was awarded the Medal of Freedom by President Reagan in a Rose Garden ceremony at the White House. I know that many other members have been cited or have received awards for their contributions to the intel- ligence goals sought by our Association. If you or some member you know has been accorded such an honor which has not previously been acknowledged, please send us specifics as to the date received, reason for the award and by whom conferred, and we shall see that it receives recognition in a future issue of the Periscope. Meanwhile, we hope you will invite others who support our goals to join us. A personal approach to a candidate is most effective. I still believe in the old adage. Ray Wannall Purpose AFIO was organized in 1975 by former intelligence per- sonnel from the Federal military and civilian intelligence and security agencies. Its purpose is to promote public under- standing of, and support for, a strong and responsible na- tional intelligence establishment. AFIO believes that effective intelligence is the nation's first line of defense against surprise from abroad, subver- sion at home and possibly dangerous miscalculation by our national leaders in the conduct of foreign and defense policy. AFIO therefore holds that reliable intelligence is es- sential to the cause of peace. In pursuing its objectives, AFIO 9 Works closely with appropriate committees of the congress regarding legislation affecting the intel- ligence agencies, responds to congressional requests for its views and information on intelligence matters, and is frequently called upon to testify on specific legislative proposals. ? Through its network of local chapters across the nation, provides speakers for discussion of national security issues before civic, academic and profes- sional groups. ? Promotes educational programs explaining the role and importance of intelligence. ? Provides participants for network and local TV and radio programs on national security issues. ? Is frequently consulted by scholars, authors, jour- nalists and TV producers on intelligence matters. ? Monitors media treatment of intelligence and security issues and, where inaccuracies and distortions occur, attempts to set the record straight. ? Distributes to its members a quarterly publication with news, views and book reviews relating to intelligence, and a quarterly digest of current news commentary. Pa.9e 24 Approved For Release 2004/11~eFisMAeRDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Summer 1987 Journal of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers Amb. Nolan, Head of State's "American Desk," Seeks Equity For US Personnel Stationed Abroad Developing and exploiting leverage in assuring equity for US diplomatic personnel abroad is the goal of the State Department's Office of Foreign Missions, Ambassador James E. Nolan, Jr., the office's director, told AFIO's luncheon on March 16th. Amb. Nolan noted that the press often refers to his activity as the "Office of Tit for Tat," but he prefers to think of it as the "American Desk" at the Department of State. He sees the goals of the office as enhancing the conditions under which Americans serve abroad and protecting the national security interests of the US through controls exerted on the activities of foreign missions and their personnel in this country. The Office of Foreign Missions, said Amb. Nolan, a former FBI agent and a member of AFIO, was created when Congress and the present administraiton recognized the imbalance between conditions abroad and at home and felt the need for additional tools to redress that imbalance. Now, because of the office's efforts, the US grants exemption and privilege to foreign missions solely on the basis of reciprocity. "I am sure you have seen our red, white and blue diplomatic license plates." The licenses are now issued by his office, and the tags are country coded to assist the FBI and those responsible for the security of sensitive national defense installations. Housing is another measure of equity. The Soviets and the Bulgarians, for example, are required to sublet apartments leased by the Department of State. "While this is a great disappointment to the Soviets," Amb. Nolan said, "we do not have in our inventory of apartments any on the top floors of Northern Virginia high rise buildings, thus, how shall I describe it, depriving them of the panoramic views which they have enjoyed so long." Travel controls have been imposed on those nations which limit US diplomatic travel. Thus, the Soviets, Poland, Bulgaria, East Germany and Czechoslovakia must now purchase their travel tickets and book their hotel accomodations Ambassador James E. Nolan, Jr. Director, Office of Foreign Missions US Department of State through the Office of Foreign missions. This also gives the US a greater advanced, specific knowledge of each such trip and the capability of dictating the alteration of the itinerary to meet national security concerns. To provide support for the office's efforts in regard to national security, an interagency liaison group, consisting of the FBI, DIA, the Customs Service and military counterintelligence elements, examines all such travel requests on a daily basis and provides an assessment before the travel is approved. "We would not have made that progress the extraordinary support of all elements Intelligence Community," Amb. Nolan noted. Webster and Bill Casey have from the provided me with all that I have asked." without of the "Judge outset According to the speaker, "We have not achieved all that we have sought to do and major security and other problems continue to confront us, but what we have done, I think, is to formulate the right approach to these problems and we have begun to use in an effective way the leverage which is available to us." [The full text of Amb. Nolan's remarks appears elsewhere in this issue.] 1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, 85 DONATIONS AFIO Honorary Board Member Retired Army General Maxwell D. Taylor, a member of AFIO's honorary board of directors since 1982, was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery, April 23rd. He was 85. "Throughout his life, Gen. Taylor epitomized what it means to be a soldier, a diplomat and a scholar," said Defense Secretary Caspar W. Weinberger, who called Gen. Taylor "one of the great military men in American history." A native of Keytesville, Mo., Gen. Taylor graduated from the US Military Academy in 1922. He commanded the 82nd Airborne Division's artillery units in campaigns in Siciily and on the Italian mainland. Later, he led the 101st Airborne Division that parachuted into the beaches of Normandy on D-Day, becoming the first American general to fight in France in WWII. In the fall of 1943, Gen. Taylor volunteered for what was one of the most hazardous cloak-and-dagger missions of the war. Marshal Badoglio had just secretly surrendered the Italian forces to the Allies, as told later in Allen Dulles' The Secret Surrender, but Rome was still controlled by the anti-Badoglio faction and cordoned off by German troops. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, then chief of staff to Gen. Eisenhower and later DCI, needed a high ranking emissary to slip into Rome and determine the feasibility and necessity of an airborne landing there. Gen. Taylor and Col. William T. Gardner landed by small boat at Gaeta, where they were met by frightened Badoglio agents. They were warned that should the partisans of either side discover them on Italian soil, they could be executed. The two officers drove into Rome, through enemy lines, only removing their military caps to conceal their identities. Finding the Italians were unable to provide the forces to root out the Germans in and around the city, Gen. Taylor used his radio to call off the Allied airborne attack and to avoid the almost certain loss of hundreds of his men's lives. Of the mission, Gen. Eisenhower later wrote: "The risks he ran were greater than I asked any other agent or emissary to take during the war; he carried weighty responsibilities and discharged them with unerring judgment and every minute was in imminent danger of discovery." After the war, Gen. Taylor returned to the United States and appointment as the superintendent of West Point. He served subsequently as commander of the American military government and army forces in Berlin, and in the closing months of the Korean War as com- manding general of the Eighth Army. In 1955, he was named Army chief of staff, serving in that post until retire- ment in 1959. In 1961, President Kennedy called on Gen. Taylor to lead an inquiry into the abortive Bay of Pigs operation. That same year, he was recalled to active duty, named military representative to President Kennedy, and asked to be the president's personal watchdog over the nation's intelligence apparatus. In 1962 he was named chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In 1964, President Johnson appointed Gen. Taylor as ambassador to South Vietnam. Gen. Taylor was the author of That Uncertain Trumpet, Responsibility and Response, Swords and Plowshares and Precarious Security. He is survived by his wife and two sons. The following members have generously contributed an amount equal to or exceeding one year's annual dues. Anonymous gift in memory of Mrs. Mary Ella BELL CAPT Albert BENJAMIN, USN(Ret.) Charlottesville, Virginia Mr. Hollis BOWERS Silver Spring, Maryland Mr. Mike S. GONAKIS Euclid, Ohio Mr. Robert R. MUSSELWHITE Holly Hill, Florida Mr. Hayden B. PEAKE Alexandria, Virginia COL Jerry M. SAGE Enterprise, Alabama Mr. Will S. TEMPLE, Jr. New Orleans, Lousiana Mr. David C. WILLIAMS Huntington Beach, California Daughter Seeks Information on Father; Was an Army Cryptographer 40 Years Ago Carol Hickingbotham Solstad, 6805 S.W. Bainbridge, Lawton, OK 73505 (405-536-2484) is attempting to resolve a forty year old mystery, the disappearance of her father in 1947. The father, Lt. Rae Curtis Hickingbotham, Jr., a decorated WWII veteran of the Burma campaign rejoined the Army Signal Corps in 1947 and was stationed at Vint Hill Farms Station, near Warrenton, VA, and at Arlington Hall Station, Arlington, VA. A CID investigation at the time of his disappearance was fruitless. Mrs. Solstad asks that anyone who knew her father or who might have leads to his disappearance contact her. PERISCOPE is published quarterly by the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, McLean Office Building, 6723 Whittier Ave., Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101. Phone (703) 790-0320. Officers of AFIO are: W. Raymond Wannall ............................................ President Dr. Walter L. Pforzheimer ............................Vice President Robert J. Novak ......................................................Treasurer Charlotta P. Engrav ................................................Secretary John K. Greaney .................................... Executive Director Edward F. Sayle ...............................Editor of PERISCOPE Page 2 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 Notes From National We are very pleased to announce that Charlie Brewer has accepted the Chairmanship of the 1987 Convention Committee. It has been decided that the theme will be Counterintelligence, certainly a timely subject. Information about the Convention will be sent with the Summer Periscope. However, mark the date and place now: October 9th and 10th, 1987, The Tysons Sheraton, Tysons Corner, Virginia. For those members familiar with the area, this new hotel is located at Route 7 and the Dulles Access Road. The 1987 AFIO Membership Directory was mailed with the Winter Periscope. Many members who have moved and not advised us of their new addresses will not receive their Periscope because the Post Office does not forward third class mail. For those AFIO members who question why they are not listed in the 1987 Directory, the criteria is established when a member joins AFIO; A box on the application asks whether the individual wants to be listed in the Directory. A member who wishes to change his or her category (restricted or non-restricted), should send AFIO the request in writing so we can put it with the original application and permit us to change our mailing records. The response for conversion to Life membership has been very encouraging. Since September 1, 1986, the beginning of the AFIO fiscal year, we have received seventy-five conversions or new Life members. We hope to attain a total of 100 for the fiscal year which ends August 31, 1987. Consider the tax advantage if you itemize! AFIO has continued to be a focal point for the media as the problems continue to plague the Intelligence Community. It has been interesting to have had interviews with reporters from foreign news magazines (Chile and France) asking about AFIO. We had two taped interviews with the Christian Science Monitor radio network which were broadcast over 110 National Public Radio Stations. If you hear any of these broadcasts, please send us your comments. Response from the professors who teach courses on Intelligence has been very encouraging as noted in our President's column. We would ask our members and particularly those who belong to Chapters to begin contacting colleges and universities in their area to encourage the development of courses on Intelligence for the 1987 fall semester. Should a professor wish some help, suggest he or she write to AFIO; We can suggest the names of other professors teaching similar subjects. John K. Greaney ^ ^ ^ Publisher Offers Magazine Discount to AFIO Members The Journal of Defense and Diplomacy, a monthly with emphasis on international strategy and security published in McLean, VA, is offering members of AFIO a 25% subscription discount. The special rate of $31.50 a year may be obtained by indicating AFIO membership when ordering from the Journal of Defense and Diplomacy, 6819 Elm Street, McLean, VA 22101. IN MEMORIUM Mrs. Mary Ella BELL Washington, D.C. Mr. Joseph F CONDON Albuquerque, New Mexico The Honorable Hugh S. CUMMING, Jr. Washington, D.C. Col Donald L. FALKENSTEIN, (USAF-Ret.) Fairfax, Virginia Dr. Horace H. KOESSLER, M.D. Missoula, Montana MajGen Edward G. LANSDALE, (USAF-Ret.) McLean, Virginia COL Marion R. PANELL, (USA-Ret.) Seymour, Tennessee Col Roy C. TUCKER, Jr., (USAF-Ret.) Alexandria, Virginia I Didn't Know the Gun Was Loaded "For more than three months, through the height of revelations about the Iran arms scandal, US and Iraqi officials have been keeping the lid on a tale of Middle East intrigue in which a US diplomat to Iraq was caught taking photographs of a convoy of Soviet arms in Kuwait bound for Baghdad. Even after he was arrested by Kuwaiti authorities and then expelled from Iraq, officials in those countries kept the incident quiet. No official from any of the nations involved will talk on the record but Insight has pieced together the mystery from background interviews. 'You have to understand how sensitive this is,' says a high-ranking US military official. 'This has ramifications for our entire military attache program around the world."' Thus begins a two page journey into irresponsibility by senior editor Richard Mackenzie in a recent issue of Insight magazine. The intelligence officer is named and his present assignment indicated. Further, says the publication, he "played a part in the officially sanctioned supply of US intelligence to Iraq . . " Just to let the reader know how important the "scoop" is, the writer notes "Neither Iraqi leaders nor US officials want the incident made public. The State Department refuses comment, referring questions to [the man's] military superiors. The Pentagon, in turn, says only that [the man] was reassigned and is back in Washington. Kuwait's ambassador to the United States Sheikh Saud Nasir al- Sabah, claims to have no knowledge of the affair. A spokesman for Iraq's ambassador to the United States simply says, 'We have no comment."' The story concludes on a new low note, "At about the same time the Pentagon was still looking for a replacement for [the man]. It found one In [another named person], who was scheduled to arrive in Baghdad April 1--presumably sans camera." Spring 1987 Periscope Page 3 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Arlington Hall: Monument to Intelligence On June 10, 1942, a guard detail consisting of an armed second lieutenant and fourteen enlisted men armed with sawed-off broom handles (rifles were in short supply) took possession of the Arlington Hall Junior College for Girls, Arlington, Virginia. For the next forty-five years the school, renamed Arlington Hall Station, would be linked inseparably to the history and heritage of military in- telligence and the service cryptologic or- ganizations. The girl's school, founded in 1927, first came to government attention two months earlier when some officers were return- ing to Washington on Lee Boulevard (now Washington Boule- vard) from inspection of a proposed intel- ligence monitoring site, Vint Hill Farm near Warrenton. It was ideally located for their purpose, con- venient to Washington and to Vint Hill Farm, yet sufficiently isolat- ed from the prying eyes of enemy agents and official Washing- ton. The faculty and 202 students were evicted, the site was taken by condemnation by the Secretary of War and ultimately the school trustees were paid $650,000, or just barely enough to cover the mortgage. (The War Powers Act of March 27, 1942, had given the Secretary of War such authority.) The site was renamed Arlington Hall Station and by August 1942 the school grounds had been surrounded by an alarmed double chain-link fence and a badge system instituted to control access. The following month ground was broken for temporary buildings to house operational elements, the enlisted barracks and a cafeteria. By the end of the war the station's complement was 5,700 civilians, 630 officers, 1,000 WACs and 600 enlisted men. By August, the Signal Intelligence Service (SIS) and its operating arm, the 2nd Signal Service Battalion, had com- pleted its move to Arlington Hall and on a round-the-clock basis began to meet the intelligence challenges of World War 11. SIS's commander, in addition to the Arlington Hall complement, controlled the organization's worldwide monitoring detachments. SIS was subsequently renamed the Signal Security Agency. The analysts of SSA succeeded in breaking and ex- ploiting the extremely complicated code systems used by the Imperial Japanese Army. The "breaking of PURPLE" is credited with shortening the Pacific War by as much as two years. Their work also provided a window on Hitler's Europe. Japanese military attaches unwittingly passed back reams of information about conditions behind Nazi lines to SSA's analysts. Fortunately, the Japanese were Arlington Hall, the former Arlington Junior College for Girls and headquarters of service cryptologic and intelligence services for over forty-five years, faces dim future with planned State Department acquisition. avid note-takers at German briefings. SSA shared its know- ledge of Japanese systems with its British counterpart or- ganization and col- laborated with it on the German crypto- logic problem. The successful intercepts in both theaters of war provided the Allies with the tactical ad- vantage of knowing many of the enemy's war plans. In addition to its work in cracking enemy codes, the SSA was also respon- sible for Army com- munications security. It provided the Army with a wide spectrum of codes and ciphers designed to serve all echelons of com- mand. One of the simplest was the M- 138, a strip cipher device which consisted of paper al- phabets in a metal frame. (To conserve aluminum, some later models of the device were made out of wood; one Army officer in the Far East faced charges for burning cipher devices for fuel.) For tactical use, Arlington Hall fur- nished the Army with the M-209, a handy mechanical device acquired from the Swedish inventor Boris Hagelin. Army and joint-service high level communications were secured by a highly sophisticated electromechanical device developed by ace cryptologist William Friedman. SIGABA, as it was known, was never broken by the enemy. Only once was SIGABA security threatened: A truck carrying such a device disappeared around Colmar, France, in 1945. Fortunately, as it turned out, the French farmer who stole the truck wanted transport, not its secrets. The lost SIGABA machine, still in its safe, was found in a nearby river. With victory in World War II, in September 1945 the cryptologic service was reorganized as the Army Security Agency (ASA), under the operational control of the Director of Intelligence. The achievements of ASA during the cold war must, in the main, remain secret to retain US advantage in the Page 4 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 secret war of the ether. Yet, only recently was it disclosed that ASA also broke the Soviet intelligence code used in 1944-45. The exciting story was revealed by Robert J. Lamphere in his 1986 book The FBI-KGB War. As Lamphere tells it, during WWII Gen. William J. Donovan, director of the Office of Stategic Services purchased some 1,500 pages of cryptographic materials from the Finns. Among the acquired materials was a charred Soviet codebook found on the battlefield during the Russo- Finnish war. Secretary of State Edward Stet- tinius, much like his predecessor Secre- tary Henry Stimson who believed gentle- men should not read other gentlemen's mail, saw this as an affront to the Soviets, then perceived as allies, and demanded the cipher materials be returned to them. The USSR immedi- ately changed all of its codes, but fortunately the sneaky Gen. Donovan had made a copy and provided it to ASA. Lamphere's book tells of the steady flow of leads which flowed from Ar- lington Hall to the FBI, resulting in the arrest, conviction and, some- times, execution of Soviet spies found working in the government, stationed in the United States and associated with the intelligence services of our allies. The creation of a separate US Air Force following the war resulted in the establishment at Arlington Hall of the Air Force Security Service. In 1949, the Armed Forces Security Agency (later the Armed Forces Security Service) was organized to provide centralized direction of the cryptologic elements of all three military services. It, too, was headquartered at Arlington Hall. In 1952, the Armed Forces Security Service, which had been controlled by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, was replaced as the central cryptologic agency by the National Security Agency (NSA) which served at Arlington Hall until its move to Ft. George G. Meade, Maryland, 1955-58. As NSA moved its headquarters, Arlington Hall was quickly filled by a variety of intelligence tenants. Joint Task Force 7 was the first element to arrive, followed by the in- telligence elements of five Army technical services, ACSI's technical intelligence units, the US Air Force Intel- ligence Command, the US Army Signal Communications Security Agency and, 1962, the Defense Intelligence Agency (which in recent years moved to its new analytical center at Bolling AFB). After the arrival of DIA, Arlington Hall Station witnessed only a few additional organizational changes. A major change was the redesignation of the US Army Security Agency as the US Army Intelligence Command in January 1977. The new command represented a merger of Army intelligence functions, with the main headquarters remain- ing at Arlington Hall. Arlington Hall's Codebreakers During World War II US Army Photos The intelligence tradition of Arlington Hall is scheduled to come to an end in about eighteen months when the US Army Intelligence and Security Command moves to its new facilities, now under construction at Fort Belvoir, Virginia. At that time a small parcel will be retained by the Army for the National Guard; the remainder of the 100 acres will be trans- ferred to the Depart- ment of State for con- struction of a new Foreign Service In- stitute. Unfortunately, there are strong in- dications that Ar- lington Hall, known officially as Building One, will not survive the transfer. A representative of the Department of State has indicated that its colonial architecture conflicts with the modern, sylvan setting planned for the FSI and in- timated that the building will be demolished. Intelligence veterans are seeking public support for the preservation of the building and its constructive use as a continuing monument to the achievements of the men and women of the service cryptologic and intelligence agencies which over the past forty-five years have been headquartered at Arlington Hall. Among proposals heard currently are its use as a National Cryptologic Museum, a joint-service National Military Intelligence Museum or a possible home for the long-proposed National Historical Intelligence Museum for which hearings have been held but no site allocated. Supporters of the building's preservation and use for such a purpose are urged to communicate their views to their respective senators and representatives. Only an outpouring of support by intel- ligence veterans can alter what appears to be a sad end for a building with a proud heritage. Spring 1987 Periscope Page 5 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Remarks by Ambassador James E. Nolan, Jr. Director, Office of Foreign Missions Department of State before the Association of Former Intelligence Officers March 16, 1987 Ladies and gentlemen. It's a great pleasure for me to have the oppor- tunity today to talk to you about the Office of Foreign Missions and the work we do to enhance the conditions under which Americans serve abroad and to protect the national security interests of the United States through the controls which we exercise over the activities of foreign missions and their personnel in this country. The public perception for a long time may have been that those who represented the United States abroad enjoyed an easy life. Indeed, in many parts of the world, in years past, it may have been so. I think it is widely recognized today that is no longer the case. The walls of the diplomatic lobby of the Department of State which have listed on them the names of those who have been killed while representing the United States abroad bear stark witness to that change. From 1968, when terrorists killed our ambassador to Guatemala, we have seen our ambassadors killed in Cyprus, Sudan, Lebanon and Af- ghanistan. By late 1979, mobs had burned our embassies in Libya and in Pakistan, where four embassy employees were killed. In 1983, seventeen Americans and sixty-nine Lebanese lost their lives in Beirut. Our military attache shot and killed in Paris, our consul shot and wounded in Strasbourg, the shooting of two first-tour communicators in Khartoum and Sanaa. Life in the foreign service has indeed changed. The pressures on our personnel and on their families living abroad are now very heavy and therefore to the degree that by the efforts of the Office of Foreign Missions we can make their lives safer or easier, we consider it a task well worth doing. The report made by Admiral Inman on the security issues facing the Department of State stressed the urgent need to replace a significant number of our embassies around the world which were vulnerable to terrorists attacks or in some other cases were vulnerable to serious technical attacks. Relocation of an American embassy is a complex, costly and difficult job. To accomplish that job the United States must have the interest and support of the host government. In many countries, that support and assistance is there for the asking. When it is not there, I believe it can be generated and encouraged by the leverage which exists when that country has an interest in improving or relocating one of its own missions in the United States. That we have failed to properly utilize this leverage in the past is most graphically illustrated by the disparity which exists today between our embassy construction project in Moscow and the Soviet embassy site at Mount Alto. If all aspects of con- struction are not nailed down at the beginning, if all stages of construc- tion are not so controlled that neither gets ahead of the other, if conces- sions are made for unrelated political reasons, however well motivated, the inevitable result is the disparity which exists between those two projects today. Thus while the press often likes to refer to the Office of Foreign Missions as the Office of Tit-For-Tat, what we are engaged in is not a game in which reciprocity is an end in itself, but rather we are engaged in a process in which we either develop or exploit leverage to achieve a specific end. Our approach to these problems is a very realistic one, for it is unfortunate, but we live in a world in which it is not very often possible to be generous and openhanded in these matters with the ex- pectations that other countries will be equally generous and openhanded towards us when they have already met all the needs of their missions in the United States. The Congress and this administration clearly recognized this imbalance between conditions abroad and at home and further saw that the LIS government needed additional tools to redress the imbalance. The Congress also saw a need to establish a focal point within the Department of State to ensure that reciprocity was an important factor in our bilateral relationships. The Office of Foreign Missions is that focal point. So that rather than being the Office of Tit-for-Tat, I prefer another description of the office which- has also been used by the press, that we are the American Desk at the Department of State. One of the first things we did on setting up the new office was to survey all our posts to Identify the most serious and common problems confronting them and several major areas were immediately apparent: --We were paying millions of dollars in a variety of taxes abroad, while at the same time we were exempting foreign missions and their personnel from all taxes in the United States. -There were a large number of countries which limited the number and sometimes even the models of vehicles which our missions and personnel could-own, a-number-of countries which imposed substantial fees for registering our vehicles and often highly taxed or otherwise severely limited their sale. Diplomatic personnel in the United States could, however, import any type of vehicle they wished, buy any vehicle on the open market, sell to any buyer and, of course, register the vehicles without cost and pay no taxes on purchase or sale. --In some countries we could not acquire adequate housing for our people, or land for our missions, while a number of countriesprohibited the United States, or indeed any foreign ownership of real property. They, on the other hand, were allowed to buy or lease any property they wanted on the open market for their missions here. --In the Soviet Union our personnel have to book their travel through government offices which constrain their ability to travel. The Soviets have also imposed a number of arbitrary and unwarranted fees. They may require that a traveler book a minimum of two nights in a hotel when he is only staying overnight. There is even the more outrageous practice of imposing cancellation fees for hotels and common carriers when the Soviet Foreign Ministry denies permission to travel at the last moment. --There were countries where it took several months for household goods of our personnel to be cleared through customs, and where they insisted on an accompanying detailed inventory. --There were countries where we could not get either telephones for our people, or even an adequate number of telephone and teletype lines for our missions. Here, of course, they had only to call the local telephone company for whatever service they wished. Now, four years after the establishment of the Office of Foreign Missions, I cannot tell you that we have found a cure for all these problems, but I would like to tell you about some of the steps we have taken to redress the imbalance. In the area of taxes, for example, the United States now grants tax exemption to foreign missions and their personnel in the United States solely on the basis of reciprocity. Where we enjoy no exemption, none is granted here. Where we enjoy only a partial exemption, for example, on purchases which exceed a certain dollar amount, a comparable limited exemption is given here. Where formerly tax exemptions outside of Washington, D.C., were granted by state government tax offices, all exemptions of diplomatic personnel throughout the United States are now controlled and granted only by my office. Since this program was instituted, we have beensuccessful in having tax exemptions granted to our missions in ten countries in which we previously enjoyed no exemption and there are approximately twenty-five foreign missions in the United States which no longer have tax exemption. With regard to motor vehicles, I am sure you will have all seen our red, white and blue diplomatic license plates. We now register about 15,000 vehicles in some twenty-six states. The license plates are country coded in order to assist the FBI and those responsible for the security of sensitive national defense installations. In addition, the registration data is available on-line through two national computer networks to all law en- forcement agencies throughout the United States. The conditions of ownership, the cost of registration and the limita- tions on resale are reciprocal for each country. While we still face far too many restrictions abroad, we are making good progress and a substan- tial number of restrictions on US personnel have been lifted. The Soviet Union, for example, removed all fees for the registrationof our cars there immediately after paying the first comparable registration fee here. With regard to real property, all foreign missions in the United States are now required to submit to the Office of Foreign Missions for our review and approval all proposed acquisitions of real property in the United States by either leaseor purchase. These are properties acquired in the name of the mission. Those countries whose activities in the United States are of continuing counterintelligence concern are, in addition, required to submit for review and approval all proposed leases by-all the personnel of their missions, that Is those leases in the individual's own name. For some missions there are even more stringent controls. For example, all Soviet and Bulgarian personnel are required to sublet from my office apartments which are leased by the Department of State. While Page 6 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 this seems to have come as a great disappointment to the Soviets, we do not have in our inventory of apartments any on the upper floors of Northern Virginia high rise buildings, thus, how shall I describe it, depriving them of the panoramic views which they have enjoyed far too long. Additionally, as a matter of departmental policy, we no longer permit purchase of real property in the US by a foreign mission whose country does not permit the United States to own real property in their country. Not only has this program enabled us to resolve a number of long- standing real estate problems abroad where the issues have been major acquisitions for our chancery facilities, but it has helped us to acquire better housing for our people. In Sofia, for example, four of our embassy apartments were a disgrace, the buildings were in disrepair. I asked our embassy in Sofia to send me photographs of these four apartments, which I then showed to the Bulgarian Embassy in Washington. I explained to them that unless we received new apartments in Sofia, the next four apartments which they received in Washington would be of comparable quality to those in the pictures. Indeed, we even showed them some photographs of some comparable Washington apartment buildings. Within the month we had four new apartments in Sofia. Additionally, it is our policy that where we are required to use host country government entities for the construction or repair of our facilities, we now require those countries to contract with the Office of Foreign Missions for all their construction in the United States. Thus we require the Soviet Embassy to purchase all construction materials for Mt. Alto through our office. We have also recently completed the renovation of several apartment buildings for the Chinese Embassy and are under contract with them to construct a swimming pool and auditorium at their embassy on Connecticut Avenue. I am sure that to this group the national security benefits of some of these programs which I have been discussing are fairly obvious. I would like to turn now to the area of travel controls where the principal and overriding objective is protection of national security interests. To provide support to the Office of Foreign Missions in all national security aspects of our work and to review all travel requests, we have established within the office an interagency liaison group. This group, which is composed of representatives of the FBI, DIA, the Customs Service, and all the military services' counterintelligence components, examines each request for travel on a daily basis and makes their assessment prior to the travel being approved. In my long experience in counterintelligence, this is the first mechanism for the systematic review of such travel by all concerned elements of the US Government. Because the Soviets and others under travel controls must now actually buy their travel tickets and book their hotel accommodations through OFM, we have greater advanced specific knowledge of each trip, as well as the capacity to alter the travel when necessary to meet national security concerns, or even when necessary to prevent the travel from occurring. A little over a year ago, we expanded these travel controls to four countries in Eastern Europe (Poland, Bulgaria, East Germany and Czechoslovakia). For the first time it also extended controls to the nationals of these and certain other countries who are employed at the United Nations Secretariat. These UN Secretariat controls were only possible because this ad- ministration has been blessed with two extraordinary ambassadors to the UN, Jeanne Kirkpatrick and Dick Walters, both of whom understood and strongly supported the need for closing the gap, which had existed far too long, in our controls and not the least because we have a president who has been committed from the outset of his administration that counterintelligence concerns be addressed. There is one other area which I would like to briefly discuss. Because of the recent driving accident involving the ambassador from Papua, New Guinea, much attention have been focused on how we monitor diplomatic driving practices. First, we require all the foreign mission vehicles which we register to carry liability insurance. We require either $100,000 combined single limit, $100,000 per person or $300,000 per accident. This is, of course, much higher than any of the states require to license a vehicle. The highest state requirement is, I believe, $50,000. We do this, of course, because of the diplomat's immunity from suit. We require the insurance carrier of diplomatic vehicles to carry the Department of State as a party of interest on their policies so that we are notified of any cancellations of the policy. In addition, we monitor as closely as we can the driving behavior of CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 the diplomatic community by asking all police departments to report all driving violations to us. We assign points for violations in much the same way as do local jurisdictions and suspend driving privileges if serious violations occur. I am particularly concerned about diplomats driving under the influence of alcohol. In all such cases brought to our attention I have suspended the diplomat's privilege of driving for the remainder of his tour in the United States. We had ten such suspensions in the last year and the rules apply equally to diplomats from all countries. As the recent accident so tragically illustrates, when injuries are major and the process of rehabilitation may be lengthy, neither $100,000 or $300,000 is truly adequate compensation. Thus while I think we are making some progress in this area, we have by no means solved the problem and we need to perhaps explore better ways to compensate the innocent victims of such accidents. Finally, while I have been outlining for you today what we have done, I must also state that we would not have made that progress without the extraordinary support of all elements of the Intelligence Community. Judge Webster and Bill Casey have from the outset provided me with all that I have asked. Absent the commitment of personnel by Commis- sioner Van Rabb we would have neither the personnel or the knowledge to handle diplomatic custom clearances. The Department of State, once it got over its initial shock at having and old FBI man come over to establish the office, has seen what the office can do to help ease the conditions under which our people serve abroad and is giving its strong support. We have not achieved all that we have sought to do and major security and other problems continue to confront us, but what we have done, I think, is to formulate the right approach to these problems and we have begun to use in an effective way the leverage which is available to us. We have also demonstrated that we can not only address a number of problems facing the Department of State, but that in finding solutions for those problems we are in a position to serve the Intelligence Community interests as well. Hale Foundation Seeks Support For "Intelligence Community Week" The Hale Foundation, whose executive director Larry SuIc is a member of AFIO's board of directors, is urging the designation of May 31 through June 6, 1987 as "Intelligence Community Week." The Foundation's efforts in 1985 and 1986 secured passage by the US Senate but failed to gain sufficient sponsors in the House of Representatives. In both cases, the resolution was introduced by the chairman and ranking minority member of the intelligence oversight committees to make clear its bi-partisan nature. This year's resolution, designed to recognize the continuing contribution of the nation's intelligence officers, is planned to coincide with the anniversary of the birth of Nathan Hale. It notes, "Whereas the dedication of the men and women of the Intelligence Community to the service of their country in difficult and dangerous circumstances abroad, and in the arduous intellectually challenging analytical assignments at home, is deserving of special recognition by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States." The resolution also acknowledges that "efforts should be made to foster an understanding and appreciation on the part of the American people that intelligence is the first line of national defense and that an effective intelligence capability is vital to the safety and well-being of the United States." The Hale Foundation urges that those supportive of such a resolution write or call their Congressmen urging their sponsorship and favorable vote on the resolution. Spring 1987 Periscope Page 7 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 On the Intelligence Bookshelf Naive and FandfuC Knightley, Phillip, The Second Oldest Profession: Spies and Spying in the Twentieth Century. New York: W.W. Norton, 1987. AT a time when the threat of nuclear war, international terrorism and hostage-taking make a good foreign intelligence capability more important than ever, here comes a book that makes the case, unconvincingly, that intelligence agencies are of little real value and, in fact, represent the real danger to a free society. Phillip Knightley, a British author and journalist for the London Sunday Times and the BBC, has written what at first appears to be a well-researched and documented, even scholarly, critique of the CIA, the KGB and intelligence agencies in general. But, flawed by a plethora of errors and distortions, it quickly degenerates into an irrational diatribe against the US Intelligence Community. There are two main problems with this book: its facts are often wrong, and so are its opinions and conclusions. But Knightley doesn't just rehash the old, tired canards about the CIA that have been written about ad nauseam; he comes up with novel criticisms of the agency, based less on fact than on his fervid, and some would say paranoid, imagination. Consider, for example, Knightley's naive and elaborately fanciful assessment of how intelligence agencies stand in the way of the budding friendship between the United States and the Soviet Union: "The intelligence community has a direct interest in the continuation of the Cold War. Careers, promotions, pensions, travel expenses and a largely agreeable and stimulating way of life depend on it.. "Since it thrives best in times of international tension, it feels threatened by detente. Its member agencies, normally deadly rivals, then realize that they probably have more in common with each other than with the governments who supposedly control them." According to Knightley, intelligence agencies help assure the continuation of international tension because they "control the news they release and ensure its uncritical dissemination through their own people in the media world." This startling revelation of CIA moles in the newsrooms of America comes as a surprise to those of us who daily read and hear harsh criticism of the CIA in the media and who never realized that a bulwark of this sinister conspiracy is the Washington Post--which often blows and reports on CIA operations, but rarely uncritically. Casting logic aside, Knightley repeats it is the intelligence agencies' direct interest in the continuation of the Cold War that provides "a possible explanation for the spate of spy stories .. . which appear in the media the moment that there is a likelihood of a thaw in the Cold War." As evidence, he cites the "correlation between the number of published-spy stories and the state of East- West relations." "There were 2,258 stories about espionage in the Washington Post between 1977 and 1985. A month-by-month breakdown of these stories shows a distinct increase in their frequency when international events indicated an improving climate of relations with the Soviet Union." The book is so permeated with this kind of nonsensical rhetoric that it is difficult to take it seriously. Knightley charges, without any real evidence or truth, "It is no accident that, as intelligence-agencies have expanded, our civil liberties have contracted." Similarly, in describing one supposedly improper CIA operation, he cites as proof of his allegation the fact that CIA director William Casey did not deny the charge; but Knightley knows full well that the CIA routinely refuses to comment on such stories. An the book abounds with contradictions. While contending that US intelligence is virtually incapable of producing useful, objective information, he describes at length how the CIA repeatedly, accurately and courageously warned the policymakers during the 1960s that the United States was not winning the war in Vietnam, at a CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 time when Lyndon o nson an is a visors considered such opinions almost treasonous. Knightley also says that intelligence agencies "have become ... secret clubs for the elite and privileged;" but in complaining about the enormity of the size of the American Intelligence Community, he includes agencies as the Departments of Agriculture, Commerce and Treasury, and even the Library of Congressl Glowingly reviewed by Newsweek, Publisher's Weekly, John Kenneth Galbraith, Harrison Salisbury and even John le Carre (who at least admits his books are fictions) and offered by Book-of-the- Month Club and History Book Club--all of whom should know better- -Kightley's 436 page tome will doubtlessly find a wide and receptive audience among those misguided souls who believe the CIA controls the US government and the news media. While Knightley has garnered an impressive and often interesting series of anecdotes and "war stories" on the history of espionage, he appears to know surprisingly little about how such agencies actually operate and the value they have to decisionmakers, particularly in maintaining peace and stability in the world. Parts of the book are quite interesting, but it is a hachet job masquerading as scholarship. The author's bias so often drowns out any semblence of objectivity, accuracy and credibility that, In the end, the valid points he does make are lost in a miasma of misinformation and rhetoric that simply overwhelms the reader. [Lewis Regenstein, a former CIA intelligence officer, writes frequently on national security affairs.] Academic Sourcing: A Debate [Editor's Note: In his review in this publication of Christopher Andrew's "Her Majesty's Secret Service: The Making of the British Intelligence Community," Professor Douglas L. Wheeler noted: "While several earlier books on British intelligence have been published by Nigel West, they have been too much of a kind of British intelligence social register, with some reasonably accurate anecdotes, but no secure documentation or confirmation of same." West, in response, acknowledged that the criticism was justified, but "demonstrates the gulf between academics and intelligence professionals." West indicated his research preference of concentrating on the personalities involved, rather than their "limited output of documents," and explained why he does not take each archival document at face value. To finalize the published debate on the issue, we present Professor Wheeler's comments on the West thesis and the observations of another intelligence author, G. J. A. O'Toole.] Where is the Gulf Between Academics and Intelligence Professionals? Mr. West's rejoinder raises questions and issues which are more significant than any real or imagined disagreement between two writers. His major points are that my characterization of his work, while "entirely justified," in fact "demonstrates the gulf between academics and intelligence professionals," that he conducted much documentary research and discovered that there was a shortage of intelligence documentation because intelligence officers he interviewed deliberately avoided paper-work, that he did not "take every archival document completely at face value," and that for these reasons his books focused on persons and personalities rather than a limited number of documents. With extensive interviewing and recording of agents' recollections, Mr. West emphasized people rather than what documents said. One statement perplexes this writer: "Instead of taking every Page 8 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 archival document completely at face value, I had reluctantly accepted that very occasionally the career officer will find it necessary to lie, deceive and mislead." 'T'here is something more to this than the notion that "some" documents, then, in intelligence archives contain deliberately falsified information: there is an implication that author Christopher Andrew, and by natural extension, reviewer Douglas Wheeler, were unaware of this fact. In response, my opinion is that there is no significant "gulf between academics and intelligence professionals," that if there is any gulf at all it is not one based on a different or conflicting set of historical research methods but on other questions of a lack of consistent communication and dialogue, different uses of professional jargon, intentions, goals and, possibly, motives. I find Mr. West's arguments supporting his reasons for minimal use of documents, and by extension, documentation of sources and theses, unconvincing. The careful and skeptical vetting and putting into perspective of all sources, documents or personal interviews or whatever source, are accepted professional methods of all writers, whether intelligence professionals or professional historians. Given the need to select and the shortage of time and space, just as vital in an historian's efforts to reconstruct what happened in intelligence history is checking one source against another in as comprehensive an approach as possible. Are there other reasons, then, for Nigel West's allegedly different approach to documents and historical research methods? Frankly, I do not possess sufficient evidence to answer this question now but the question is worth asking. Whatever the historical methods of an intelligence writer, much will depend on the sources that are available. If retired intelligence officers will not give interviews, or write memoirs and if rooms of documents are closed to researchers, missing or contain, in part, falsified materials, intelligence history and intelligence studies, whatever the personal and political issues involved, are that much the poorer. While Professor Andrew wrote in his preface, (p. xv) "Whitehall has done what it can to discourage serious study of the making of the British intelligence community," and the evidence to support this generalization is beyond dispute, the difficulty of access to intelligence history sources is a larger question than official governments' policies regarding public-access-to-archives. The problem lies also with intelligence studies writers and authors, such as Mr. West, who hint official or unofficial 'ties' with systems of intelligence professionals. The handling of sources by intelligence writers is not simply a matter of different choices of approach or of official policies; it is also a question of what are the purposes of the books being written and who is sponsoring them. This and other questions raised by Mr. West in his rejoinder deserve a full discussion. If there is a gulf between academics and intelligence professionals, AFIO's next annual meeting would be a fine opportunity to probe its frontiers. But, Can We Ignore Oral History? In his review of Christopher Andrew's excellent history of British intelligence, Professor Douglas Wheeler dismissed in a somewhat cavalier manner Nigel West's several books on the same subject. In so doing he seemed to imply that works lacking the meticulous source documentation of Andrew's study are unworthy of scholarly attention. In his modest rejoinder, West failed to focus on the central fallacy of the theorem Wheeler seemed to have propounded. To be sure, detailed source notes enhance enormously the value of any historical study to the serious reader. But, where the history is recent and the substance is as sensitive as Intelligence, a writer may have to choose between the depth and accuracy of his information, on the one hand, and the freedom to say where he got it, on the other. If we must reject every work that fails to conform to the requirements of a doctoral dissertation, as Professor Wheeler may have suggested, we must then ignore, for example, "Mole" by William Hood, one of the most valuable (ana, incidentally, mos: readable) studies of American intelligence published in recent years. In the introduction to his book, which lacks any substantive source notes, Hood wrote "This book is a memoir, the recollection of are intelligence operation based on the memories o1 some of the people who were involved in it." It is unnecessary to explain to readers o' this publication why Hood could not identify those people, or why he! was unable to say whose memories supported what portions of hi: narrative. Hood's professional background is well-known, of course, bul other valuable and valid studies of intelligence matters, lacking any source documentation, are regularly published by writers who cannot be described as intelligence "insiders. ' David C. Martin's "Wilderness of Mirrors" comes to mind, and despite the flaws in the book noted by some critics, few would dismiss it, and certainly none because it lacks source notes. Joseph C. Goulden's "Death Merchant" is yet another recent example of a very worthwhile study set before the public which is devoid of footnotes and bibliography. In his forward, Martin explained that most of the people he interviewed "insisted upon anonymity." Goulden identified many of his sources, but explained why others must remain anonymous. Sources who demand anonymity do so for various reasons. That some wish to avoid the consequences of unauthorized disclosure of classified information is not admirable, but it is also beside the point considered here. A journalist is prepared to make a pledge of secrecy in exchange for what he hopes will be complete and accurate information. When he publishes without naming his sources he puts his personal and professional reputation on the line. Academics, on the other hand, limit themselves to the search for supportable truth; they may be accused of misinterpreting their sources, but never of having invented them. The reader of an undocumented work can only assess its credibility through the reputation of its author. In the case of Nigel West, his reputation as an authority on British intelligence seems thoroughly secured, a view apparently held by Christopher Andrew who cites several of West's books among his sources in support of the work Professor Wheeler (and I) so much admire. "Cooler King" Offers Members Personally-Autographed Copies Col. Jerry Sage, the author of Sage: The True Story of the "Cooler King," has advised that he will personally autograph copies for AFIO members. Sage's autobiography tells of his capture while on assignment with OSS behind the lines in North Africa. After a brutal interrogation, he was sent to the POW camp Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. There, knowing that he would have been executed if his OSS identify became known, he claimed that he was a shot-down flier. (His true identity was never discovered by his Nazi captors.) While a prisoner of war, Sage conducted classes in silent killing with a hand-picked group of Americans and worked for fifteen months on the three- tunnel project depicted in the book and movie The Great Escape. He was in charge of the particularly difficult assignment of hiding over 200,000 pounds of golden sand from the Germans. Members who desire to order autographed copies should enclose $15.95 plus $2 for mailer and postage, and give the first and last name of the recipient(s) for the autograph: Col. Jerry Sage (Ret), 200 Pineview Drive, Enterprise, AL 36330. Spring 1987 Periscope Page 9 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) ABRAMOWITZ, Mr. David 5311 Alamosa Spring, TX 77379 BROWN, Mrs. Mary J. 424 St. Clair Abrams Tavares, FL 32778 CROWLEY, Mr. Henry E. 1003 Devere Drive Silver Spring, MD 20903 ALCANTAR, Mr. Ricardo 1179 Park Avenue San Jose, CA 95126 A!LDRIDGE, COL George W. Jr (USA-Ret.) Ten South Briar Hollow Lane, #52 Houston, TX 77027 ALLEN, Mr. Paul R. 9915 Wealtha Ave. Sun Valley, CA 91352 ANDERSON, Mr. Thomas D. 3925 Del Monte Houston, TX 77019 ANDREWS, Mr. Paul L. 5430 N. 17th Street Arlington, VA 22205 BALOGH, Mr. Laszlo J. 6512 Ventura Dr. Pittsburgh, PA 15236 I3EDELL, Ms. Eugenia 1601 So. Flagler Dr., #111 W. Palm Beach, FL 33401 13EED, Mr. Douglas K. 10942 Whiterim Dr. Potomac, MD 20854 BITZER, Mr. John W. 601 Rosarita Drive Fullerton, CA 92635 BOOTH, LT Alan 6 Northwood Drive Athens, OH 45701 BOSCHAERT, Mr. Michael L. Academy of Our Lady of Guam 233 Archbishop Flores Agana, GUAM, 96910 BOWERS, Mr. Hollis 10115 McKenney Ave, #201 Silver Spring, MD 20902 BROWN, COL Theodore 6 Devon Road Larchmont, NY 10538 BUCKLEY, Mr. Joseph P. 677 S. Brentwood Dr. Crystal Lake, IL 60014 BURNS, Mr. John F. 3024 N. Tuckahoe St. Arlington, VA 22213 CACAVAS, Mr. Thomas T. 52 Normandy Drive Bethpage, NY 11714 CAMP, Mr. Peter 520 E. 20th Street, #6F New York, NY 10009 CARTER, Richard Bert 2180 Elaine Dr. Bountiful, UT 84010 CERMAK, Mr. Richard A. 7391 Mountain Park Dr. Mentor, OH 44060 CIBOROWSKI, Mr. Dennis F. 5823 W. Cornelia Ave Chicago, IL 60634 CLARKE, Mr. T. Dexter 2020 Gulf Shore Blvd. North, #208 Naples, FL 33940 CLAYTON, Mr. David W. 38 Kings Highway Hauppaoge, NY 11788 CONNALLY, CAPT Robert F. (USN-Ret.) 8122 Dorrcrest Lane Houston, TX 77070 COOK, RADM Ralph E. (USN-Ret.) 153 Nawiliwili Street Honolulu, HI 96825 CUNNINGHAM, Mr. James A. J. 9721 Brimfield Court Potomac, MD 20854 DALLETT, Mr. Michael F. IV AERKO International 516 N.E. 34th Street Fort Lauderdale, FL 33334 DANA, Col Henry (USAF-Ret.) P. O. Box 1156 Ruskin, FL 33570 DAVIS, Mr. Robert M. 29 Hiram Road Framingham, MA 01701 DEARBORN, Edwin B. 18017 Sky Park Cir., Suite H Irvine, CA 92714 DENNY, Mr. Michael E. 1642 Boardman Poland Road Poland, OH 44514 DUNN, Mr. Edgar M. Jr. 347 So. Ridgewood Ave. Daytona Beach, FL 32014 EADS, Mr. Robert H. 6050 Cederdale Ct. Fort Worth, TX 76148 ENGLEKA, Mr. Kenneth E. 13533 Delaney Road Dale City, VA 22193 FENKER, Mr. Steven M. 31580 Anna Lane Bay Village, OH 44140 FERGUSON, LtCol Jack V. 9980 Caminite Chirimolla San Diego, CA 92131 FERNANDEZ, Mr. Roberto 1059 West 43 PI. Hialeah, FL 33012 Page 10 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) FOUNTAIN, Mr. Ernest H. 4431 Q Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20007 FRAZIER, Mr. John F. JACKSON, Maj Wayne T. (USAF-Ret.) 11396 E. Arkansas Ave Aurora, CO 80012 McMAHON, Mr. William R. 14 Red Cedar Drive New Milford, CT 06776 McNAMEE, Mr. Shurly L. 6712 Los Trechos Albuquerque, NM 87109 GAUDIN, Ms. Rena L. 1777 East 34th Street Lorain, OH 44055 JASIN, Mr. Peter W. 1370 S. Ocean Blvd, #2101 Pompano Beach, FL 33062 JOHNSON, Mr. James W. 9418 Tuba Court Vienna, VA 22180 4130 3/4 Pixie Ave. Lakewood, CA 90712 MELVIN, Mr. James C. 7915 Eastridge Dr. LaMesa, CA 92041 GLASS, Mr. Arnold Lee 82 Johnnycake Drive Naples, FL 33940 GRAY, Mr. R. Jean 5180 Meadville St. Excelsior, MN 55331 KALTSAS, Mr. Paul H. Jr. 1560 Cameron Crescent, #2-C Reston, VA 22090 KING, Mr. Daniel P. 5125 Cumberland Blvd. MEYERS, Mr. James G. 1174 Main Street, #35 River Edge, NJ 07661 MOGEN, Mr. Bryan J. Rt. 1, Box 140 Big Stone City, SD 57216 GRIFFITH, Mr. Richard A. P. O. Box 16 Nichols College Dudley, MA 01570 GRIGALUS, Mr. Edward P. 11048 Powder Horn Dr. Potomac, MD 20854 Whitefish Bay, WI 53217 LaFAVER, Mr. Richard N. 1 N. Hornbeam PI. The Woodlands, TX 77380 LISENBY, Mr. Richard W. P. O. Box 116 Dunn Loring, VA 22027 MOORE, Mr. Donald E. 505 Crown View Drive Alexandria, VA 22314 MULLAN, Mr. William J. c/o L. G. WIGGINS 3239 London Drive Yuma, AZ 85364 HARRISON, Mr. William Shaw 120 Skyline Dr., #16 Dracut, MA 01826 LUNDY, Mr. David L. 2132 East 154th St. Olathe, MO 66062 MULLEN, Mr. Francis M. 24 Indian Rock Road Niantic, CT 06357 HOFFMAN, LtCol Paul K. 3058 Boca Ciega Dr. Naples, FL 33962 HUBER, Mr. Ernest F. 4405 Acacia Avenue Bonita, CA 92002 McBREEN, Mr. John J. 1504 Laurel Hill Road Vienna, VA 22180 McBRIDE, COL James C. 6430 Richmond, #300 Houston, TX 77057 MYERS, MAJ Charles L. (USA-Ret.) 417 Lafayette NE Albuquerque, NM 87106 O'BRIEN, Mr. Francis X. 133 Cdr. Shea Blvd. Quincy, MA 02171 HURLEY, Mr. John E. McGEE, Mr. James M. O'SHEA, Mr. James V. P. O. Box 512 106 Squires Bend 100 Beekman Street, #18C Manchester, NM 03105 Stafford, TX 77477 New York, NY 10038 HYINK, LTC James L. (USA-Ret.) McGINNIS, Mr. Neal PALEY, LTC Sidney D. 7409 Patricia Dr. NE 631 DeSales Street 1766 East 26th St, PH Albuquerque, NM 87109 San Gabriel, CA 91775 Brooklyn, NY 11229 JACKSON, Clarence A. Jr. McGUIRE, Mr. James F. PHILLIPS, Mr. Jim P. O. Box 391773 2382 Branleigh Part Ct. P. O. Box 168 Mountain View, CA 94039 Reston, VA 22091 Williamstown, NJ 08094 Spring 1987 Periscope Page 11 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) POSTOVE, Mr. Herman 3001 Veazey Ter. N.W., #1130 Washington, DC 20008 THORNE, Mr. Landon K. III 7350 SW 100 Street Miami, FL 33156 Article VI - Membership (AFIO Constitution) PRUGH, Mrs. Frances B. 11705 Eden Road Silver Spring, MD 20904 PRUGH, Mr. Thomas A. 11705 Eden Road Silver Spring, MD 20904 ROSENBERG, Mr. Howard L. P. 0. Box 7658 Silver Spring, MD 20907 SAGE, COL Jerry M. 200 Pineview Drive Enterprise, AL 36330 SALVAGGIO, LtCol Marshall, (USMC-Ret.) 8050 Fairview Avenue LaMesa, CA 92041 SCROGHAM, Mr. Timothy G. EODMU-1 Barbers Pt., HI 96862 SENNOTT, Mr. Kevin J. 4601 Lake Road, #51 West Sacramento, CA 95691 SNOW, Mr. Stanley A. 7517 James Drive Cleveland, OH 44133 SNYDER, Mr. Phillip C. 6 Elfin Irvine, CA 92714 STORCK, Mr. Robert G. Rt. 1, Box 35 Chantilly, VA 22021 STORIE, Mr. John A. 6081 East Calle Ojos Verde Tucson, AZ 85715 THOMAS, Mr. Noel R. 14531 Misty Meadow La. Houston, TX 77079 TIMON, CWO Robert S. (USN-Ret.) Box 8419 Honolulu, HI 96830 TYLER, Mr. William H. 3810 Crystel Falls Missouri City, TX 77459 VALCOURT, Mr. Richard R. 3220 Netherland Ave, #2-0 Bronx, NY 10463 VERR, Mr. Steven R. 3408 S. Harlem Ave. Riverside, IL 60546 VIAU, Mr. Robert A. 537 N. Gower Street Los Angeles, CA 90004 WEIXEL, Mr. Joseph C. 7315 Dunston Street Springfield, VA 22151 WELCHNER, Col Carl E. (USAF-Ret.) 25900 Rotunda Dr. Carmel, CA 93923 WHALEY, Mr. Wesley T. 624 Aspen Ridge Ct. Chesterfield, MO 63017 WHITLOCK, COL Harold S. (USA-Ret.) 413 Oak Hill Avenue Sheffield, AL 35660 WILSON, Mr. Archer M. 5001 La Fiesta Dr. N.E. Albuquerque, NM 87109 WOOLVERTON, Mr. William H. 366 Madison Avenue #1502 New York, NY 10017 A. There shall be three (3) classes of members: (1) Full, (2) Associate, and (3) Life. Full members are eligible to attend all meetings of members, to vote at all meetings, and to be an officer in the Corporation. The qualifications of Full members and Associate members are set forth below, in other paragraphs of this Article. A Life member is one who is, or is qualified to be, a Full member or an Associate member and who pays the dues established for Life members. The rights of a Life member are only those derived from his qualification to be either a Full member or an Associate member. An Associate member or a Life member, based on his qualification to be an Associate member, is not eligible to be an officer of the Corporation or to vote, but may attend all meetings of the members. B. Any United States citizen who has had his or her principal duty in the intelligence field for the US Government is eligible to apply for Full membership in the Corporation. C. Individuals who may otherwise qualify for membership by virtue of previous service but who are presently employed in a full-time capacity with an intelligence service of the US government are not eligible for membership. D. Members of the Armed Services, otherwise eligible, who are not presently serving in a full-time intelligence assignment are eligible to apply for Full membership. E. A United States citizen, not otherwise eligible for Full membership, who supports the principles of the Corporation may make application for Associate membership. F. The right to vote and to be an Officer or Director of the Corporation will be limited to persons holding Full membership or Life membership based on his qualification to be a Full member. G. A member will remain in good standing so long as he pays the prescribed dues and whose conduct has not been judged by a majority of the Directors to be in conflict with the purposes and principles of the Corporation. H. Applications for all classes of membership, Full, Associate, Life, or Corporate, and all applications for renewal, will be submitted to the Board of Directors for approval. Page 12 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFIO'S NEW LIFE MEMBERS Mr. Herman POSTOVE Mr. Thomas B. ABERNATHY Vienna, Virginia Washington, D.C. Col Herbert J. "Buck" ROGERS, (USAF-Ret.) San Antonio, Texas LTC John A. S. BOKOR, (AUS-Ret.) Herndon, Virginia LtCol Kenneth BROWN, (USAF-Ret.) Fredericksburg, Texas Mr. Thomas R. BROWN III Vienna, Virginia Mr. Michie F. TILLEY Syosset, New York Mr. Eddie H. WILLNER Falls Church, Virginia LTC Cecil L. WOODGATE, (USA-Ret.) Boulder, Montana Mr. Peter CAMP New York, New York Mr. Jean-Loup R. COMBEMALE McLean, Virginia COL George I. CONNOLLY, Jr., (USA-Ret.) North Palm Beach, Florida Miss Laura G. COOLEY Annandale, Virginia LTC Clifford F. FRY, (USA-Ret.) Silver Spring, Maryland Mr. R. Jean GRAY, Jr. Excelsior, Minnesota The Reverend Charles F. GRIECO Morristown, New Jersey Mr. Lester T. HANSEN Marco Island, Florida Mr. John H. HARPER Arlington, Virginia Mr. William P. KATSIRUBAS McLean, Virginia LTC Walter V. KOLON, (AUS-Ret.) Washington, D.C. Mr. David S. LUSBY Silver Spring, Maryland Col Robert A. NUGENT, (USAF-Ret.) Tucson, Arizona Mr. Richard O. PALMER Harwichport, Massachusetts Media Calls Security Disarray Vindication of Cl Chief's Views According to the Washington Times, "Vindication of sorts finally caught up with James J. Angleton, former chief of counter intelligence at the CIA and spook extraordinaire. Dismissed in 1974 for what was seen as a paranoid obsession with Soviet espionage, he looks better and better." In the intelligence veterans' world, apology, belated recognition and public vindication, particularly by the media, are rare words indeed. Thus, for AFIO member James J. Angleton, the words must be especially salutory. Continued the newspaper, "While many were peddling detente, celebrating termination of the Cold War, and scuttling the nation's intelligence apparatus, Mr. Angleton demurred--and not always politely. A lifetime immersion in the dark intricacies of espionage, hostile and 'friendly,' had taught him not to underestimate the extent of covert deception or the capacity for self-delusion ... The virtue of Mr. Angleton was that he harbored no illusions about the will and capacity of the Soviet's for making mischief and, unlike the technocrats at Langley, never failed to weigh in the human factor that remains invisible to high-flying satellites and state-of-the-art gadgets ... As the Politburo moves against our agents- agents exposed by ineptitude and worse-and assimilates the mountain of data its spies have stolen, Mr. Angleton's reputation gains renewed respect." The New York Times, with much the same theme, noted "He shuns the word 'vindication' and is too much of a patrician to say 'I told you so,'..." Angleton, the paper noted, refuses to give interviews on intelligence matters and "will remain silent until he receives executive permission to speak out on these matters, not only because of the oath he took as an intelligence officer to protect Government secrets, but also because they would cause 'great pain."' Deadline for Next Issue: July. '15, 1987 Spring 1987 Periscope Page 13 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Vice President Urges Public To Support Intelligence Vice President George Bush, speaking at Nashua, New Hampshire, on March 14th, noted that in an-earlier speech he had talked of the need for the Strategic Defense Initiative, "which puts weapons at risk, not people." In another, he said, he had spoken of the need to support those fighting for freedom in Central America. He had used another occasion to brief on the opportunity of obtaining a verifiable reduction in intermediate range nuclear missiles. "Our intelligence system is central to all of these issues," he declared. "I came here today," the Vice President said, "to say that as leaders we must be more vocal and public in supporting the Intelligence Community in our society. We must make clear that the CIA has an honorable mission. We must recognize that even in a free and open society, some things must remain secret. And I believe we must strongly support legitimate covert actions that are in our national security interests." Continuing his remarks, Vice President Bush said: "Ladies and gentlemen, I am genuinely concerned about how our intelligence system will maintain public approval, unless those of us in the political arena begin to speak out on its behalf. "It is essential that we have an Intelligence Community second to none. Fortunately, the Agency has returned from the devastation it faced in the 1970s. Its reputation and honor were dismissed. Its budget was cut 33% in constant dollars and it lost 25% of its personnel. "But rather than seeking to correct the Agency's flaws, critics simply attacked. I went to the CIA at the tale end of a witch hunt that laid bare the Agency's innermost workings. I can remember young, untutored Congressional staffers coming to headquarters and accusing experienced professionals of not serving the interests of the country. These were people who had risked their lives for their country. "It was a terrible time. The names of agents were exposed. One result etched in my mind is the brutal murder of our station chief in Athens, Richard Welch. Two weeks after his name was listed as CIA in an ugly left-wing publication, two gunmen, armed with automatic pistols, cut him down at his home in Athens. Other sources, fearing for their lives, disappeared. Some were killed. It was a time when many lost sight of how important the Agency was to our national security. "I learned-a-great deal when I had the honor of running the CIA, especially about leading people of purpose and integrity. And from the day I set foot inside its headquarters, I found it to be an organization whose motives were clear, and honorable, and in the national interest. "It's first priority is to prevent a surprise attack on the United States. If the CIA had existed in 1941, the surprise at Pearl Harbor would've been on the Japanese, and I'll tell you how I can say that. Because taken as a whole, the Army, the Navy and the State Department had enough information to understand what the Japanese were doing. But there was no central place for this information to come together. That place today is the CIA. "Our main adversaries in 1987 are the Soviets. We have an excellent understanding of their military capabilities. We know where their strategic bombers are located. We know how many strategic missiles the Soviets have. We keep track of their submarines with reasonable accuracy. The scope of information we have today would have been astounding in 1941. "Our intelligence technology is breathtasking--the satellite photography, the electronic, the acoustical and the seismic techniques. The American people have no idea how good it really is. "And what's more, the CIA has some of the nation's brightest people to analyze this information. I wish you could meet them and get to know them like I have. The CIA has more PhD.'s than any other agency in government, enough scholars and scientists to staff a university. And let me assure you, the professionalism is too high, the devotion to country too great, to have intelligence estimates slanted and shaped by political judgments. "They are-people of principle, many of whom put themselves on the line to gain information about our enemies. I recall a young woman of about 35 who was brought into my office one day. She'd been arrested at a dead letter drop by a hostile intelligence service. She hadn't been tortured, but she'd been through a tremendous psychological ordeal. If her cover hadn't been blown, she would've gone right back. She was risking her life almost every day. No head table, no applause--a dedicated patriot serving her country to preserve the freedoms that we often take for granted. This is true integrity of purpose, and the Agency is full of such people. "A relatively new priority is collecting information necessary to thwart terrorist attacks and to interdict drug shipments. "With our allies' help, from January of 1985 to February of this year, 55 probable and another 114 possible terrorist attacks were averted by deterrent action. I am talking about lives what were saved. ..In Turkey, security officers last April arrested Libyan-supported terrorists who were planning to attack the US Officers' Club in Ankara after a wedding celebration. "In Paris, about the same time, officials thwarted a similar attack planned against citizens in a visa line at the US Consulate. "In North Africa last year, a Libyan-backed assassination attempt on an American military attache was foiled. "If we and our allies hadn't succeeded in cases like these, you can picture the grisly scenes that would've appeared on the evening news. "People often want to know about CIA infiltration of 'terrorist groups. Quite honestly, we were once able to penetrate these groups much easier than we can today. They're more sophisticated in identifying our agents, and they take greater precautions than they once did. It's harder to get our people placed, because the terrorists often come from family groups. And once we do get in, it's harder to get information out. "Take, for instance, five recruits in the Bekaa Valley who have been selected by the Hizballah to blow up an American installation. They are searched. They are isolated in a guarded camp. And they aren't told until absolutely necessary what their mission is. So, even if we do have someone in there, it's very hard to maintain contact. "The CIA is constantly studying developments affecting broader US security. In recent years, for example, there's been more attention focused on the Soviets' lag in high technology and their efforts to Page 14 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 steal ours. We know, for eAaMple, the precise gyros and bearings in Intelligence should be established to reduce the number of people their heavy missiles were designed in the US. We know the radar in who have access to very secret information. And I also believe the their AWACS planes is ours. We know that many Soviet Integrated Administration needs to make some examples of leakers in our own circuits are exact copies of US designs. They even copied the ranks by publicly firing them. And I don't care how high up they are. imperfections. "The Soviets use dummy firms--some legal, some illegal--to purchase Western technology. The CIA has identified some 300 firms in more than 30 countries engaged in technology transfer schemes. "The Agency looks at everything from the effects of AIDS on the stability of African countries to the consequences In Jamaica of a reduced demand for bauxite. It is constantly analyzing developments that might affect our long-range security and that of our friends. "Now you may wonder where covert action fits into all this? Covert action gives us the ability to help our friends, or confuse our adversaries, in those situations where open assistance from the US would be counterproductive. "If provides us with a useful foreign policy option that's somewhere between diplomacy and sending in the Marines. The world is not a sunlit meadow. The world is not the way we want it to be, but the way it is. There are dangers out there that must be addressed, and covert action is sometimes the means to do it. We seem to think covert action is James Bond and ray guns. Often, it is quiet support that saves the lives of friends. "Without doubt, there have been some serious failures in the past, such as the Bay of Pigs effort. But today, there are very strict controls. "Every covert action must be approved by the President and made known to the Congressional oversight committees. And this is fine, because covert actions make sense only in support of a larger foreign policy. They make sense only when properly supervised and properly planned--that was the problem with the NSC running the Iran initiative. The CIA experts never had a chance to bring their full range of experience to bear. And the formal NSC policy apparatus was not properly used. The President has made the changes necessary to keep the NSC out of operations, but have all NSC participants totally immersed in policy. "The quickest way to kill a covert action or any kind of secret activity is through a leak. And I am telling you point blank--agents have disappeared, and I'll leave it to your own imagination what happened to them, soon after stories leaked to the news media. "Some have been jailed. Leaks have caused other individuals, who were on the verge of becoming foreign agents for us, to back off in fear for their lives. "I don't believe in wholesale use of the polygraph, but when legitimate national security matters are at stake, I say, 'use it.' "Ladies and gentlemen, in the foyer of CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia, there's a Book of Honor enclosed in a glass case. It lists those CIA employees who have died in service of their country. Some are named, but most even after death cannot be identified. So instead of a name, there is a simple star. "And in that same foyer Is an inscription that explains why those individuals gave their lives. It's from the Bible and it says, `And Ye shall know the truth and the truth shall make you free.' "I can think of no more honorable purpose for a government agency than truth and freedom. And, as leaders, I think we should be outspoken and out front in our support of the CIA." AFIO Used Libel As Economic Weapon Says Writer Who Lost Suit to Phillips In a letter to the Columbia Journalism Review, Donald Freed, one of the authors of Death in Washington, challenges an article which appeared in that publication concerning the successful libel action brought against the authors and publisher by David Atlee Phillips. Among Freed's several charges, one states "We `retracted' what we had written in Death in Washington because Accuracy in Media and Phillip's Association of Former Intelligence Officers had used a libel suit as an economic weapon and we could no longer pay for legal representation . . ." Phillips, the founder of AFIO and currently a member of its Board of Directors, responded in the publication: " . . . Neither Accuracy in Media nor the Association of Former Intelligence Officers was connected with my libel litigation; in the AFIO case, I resigned as chairman of the board of directors so that I could act independently." "We have lost sources and we have lost what we call collection mechanisms, A few years ago one of the networks reported that we were intercepting communications between two unfriendly nations, communications about terrorist activities directed against Americans. Within a matter of days after the report, the channel was shut off. As a result of this reduced intelligence, American lives were put at greater risk. "Some of our allies have told us they're so concerned about our ability to keep secrets, they'll no longer provide the same information they once did, and the information they do provide will not be as timely. One intelligence service stated that terrorist Information they were providing would appear in the US press before they could act upon it. "The leaks come from the Congressional committees and from the Executive Branch itself. I believe a Joint Committee on William F. Potocki MemoriaC Fund An endowment fund in memory of AFIO member William F. Potocki has been set up under the Arlington Hospital Foundation funding program. The fund is dedicated to the Oncology Department of the hospital to assist indigent cancer patients or those who lack or have exhausted their insurance coverage. Persons wishing to contribute may make their checks payable to the Arlington Hospital Foundation, marked "For the William F. Potocki Memorial Fund," and forward them to the Foundation at 1701 North George Mason Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22205 All contributions to the fund are tax deductible under Section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Code. Spring 1987 Periscope Page 15 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFIO Chapters Active Nationwide Arizona Arizona Chapter. The chapter met on January 17th in the aftermath of a record five inch snowfall. Despite the weather, the luncheon gathering was a great success, with twenty persons in attendance. The speaker was author, ex-FBI agent and fellow AFIO member Robert S. Lamphere. He spoke of the bureaucratic roadblocks he encountered during the preparatory stages of writing his book, The FBI-KGB War. Officers for the year are Robert A. Nugent, president and secretary-treasurer; Robert S. Moy, first vice presi- dent; and John Masterson, second vice president. On March 21st, the chapter held a joint meeting with the Roadrunner Chapter of CIRA at the Ramada Inn North, Phoenix. The thirty attendees engaged in an engrossing counterintelligence exercise entitled "Operation Definite Maybe." It was presented by Robert G. Dacey of Wallace, Piercy & Associates of Phoenix. It was a most enjoyable event that took many of those in attendance back to the days when they were still part of the active intelligence en- vironment. At the conclusion of the three-hour exercise, a short business meeting and delicious luncheon followed. CaUifornia San Diego Chapter One. The chapter met on January 23rd at the Admiral Kidd Commissioned Officers' Mess to hear RADM James D. Ramage (USN-Ret.) speak on U.S. Navy air operations against the Japanese forces in the Pacific during WWII. Admiral Ramage is a former vice president and one of the founders of the Association of Naval Aviation. Known affectionately throughout the Navy as "Jig Dog," he served as a highly-commended dive bomber pilot during those trying times which proved the importance of carrier-based air operations. At its February 27th meeting, also held at the Admiral Kidd Club, the membership heard Yuri Vetokhin, a Soviet defector and author of Inclined to Escape. Rhetorically, the speaker asked the fifty members and guests in atten- dance, "Who are all those well-dressed and happily smil- ing people you see on TV when a story is being done about life in the Soviet Union?" They are, he said, mem- bers of the elite, the new "lords and ladies" of what is sup- posed to be a classless society. This Soviet ruling class, known as the "Nomenkla- tura," constitutes only seven percent of the 246 million people in the USSR. The others, Vetokhin said, are "slaves." The Nomenklatura maintains its power through the KGB, whose officers also are members of the elite. The easiest way by which a person can become a member of the Nomenklatura, the speaker noted, is to born into it. "Like the feudal families of old, the Soviet elite is self-perpetuating at birth." Outsiders, he observed, no matter how skilled they may be, find it difficult to join the Norenklatura. The nature of Soviet society is such as to make ever- yone suspect, Vetokhin said. Everyone is subject to black- mail or coercion by the KGB because each has at one time or another broken one of the myriad laws controlling Soviet society. Informants are recruited by the KGB after they have been caught in such a violation, the speaker noted, and are then given the choice of telling on their fellow citizens or being incarcerated in a gulag. Although he was a computer scientist, Vetokhirr said that he had no chance of being accepted into the Nomenklatura. His primary crime, it seems, was his belief in God. With no opportunity for freedom and a better life, Vetokhin determined to escape. Four times he tried and three times he was caught, resulting in ten years im- prisonment, including three years in an infamous psychiatric hospital where he was tortured with drugs. Eventually, by squeezing out of a porthole and dropping into the Indian ocean from a "Winter to Summer" cruise ship, he made good his escape. After a night long swim he was rescued by an Indonesian ship. The exciting story of it all is told in his book, Inclined to Escape. AFIO's past president, LtGen Eugene F. Tighe, Jr., a new member of the chapter, spoke at the March 27th meeting. The speaker gave a rich overview of the role of intelligence in WWII, Korea, Vietnam, Laos, and Afghanis- tan and projected that experience into the future. He em- phasized the deep need for historical and language studies, in addition to mapping, that provide the under- standing and communication required to interface properly with countries and cultures such as found in Iran and throughout Africa. In sharing his view from the top, LtGen Tighe provided those in attendance with an under- standing that could not be obtained in any other way. Slated to speak at the April 24th joint meeting with the Air Force Association was veteran journalist Charles Wiley. San Francisco Chapter. The February meeting was held at the San Francisco Tennis Club, with 35 in atten- dance. Elected as officers for the coming year were Bill Green, president; Earl Brodie, second vice president; Peggy Jo Zemens, secretary; Jim Quesada, treasurer; and as members of the board of directors: Russ Wiley, Max Peters, Tom Dickson, Mike Rolled and Charles Hayden. The position of first vice president remains vacant. The chapter also agreed to continue its "chairman of the month" procedure. President Bill Green introduced the speaker for the evening, Dr. A. James Gregor, professor of political science at the University of California, Berkeley, who spoke on "The China Connection: US Policy and the People's Republic of China." Dr. Gregor's fact-filled presentation concluded that US policy towards the PRC is ill-conceived and short-sighted, and only benefits that nation currently. US policy, he said, Page 16 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 is rooted in President Nixon's ambitions to curtail Soviet interests in that area, with an assumption that a strengthened People's Liberation Army would help to balance the ominous Soviet buildup in the Far East. This, those policy makers believe, will force the Soviets to be oriented toward detente. The facts, he said, are otherwise. The USSR has not been restrained by the Chinese armed forces. Soviet military forces are actually directed at the US and Japanese presence in Asia. The PRC, Dr. Gregor noted, is not an effective security ally of the US, and is no more an asset than in 1975. Secondly, the speaker maintained that US policy has been built on the economic myth that the PRC will even- tually become more capitalistic and demo- cratize. This policy fails to take into ac- count the Marxist- Leninist nature of that nation. It is Dr. Gregor's view that the PRC can be expected to remain a com- munist state with little political liberalization. US policy, the speaker said, allows for the provision of advanced weapons systems that can actually enable the PRC to be a threat in the Pacific Basin and Asian areas in which this nation has important military interests or security and defense treaty commitments. Our policy, he warned, may eventually result in confusing our relations with other allied Asian nations. Further, US policy is oriented to specific interest groups in the US and may create enor- mous problems for this country in the future. Unfor- tunately, Dr. Gregor sees only minimal prospects for a serious China policy. The meeting concluded with a question and answer period in which US policy toward the Philippines and the impact of Congress on US policy were also discussed. The group's assessment was that the program was very entertaining, illuminating and thought-provoking. Announced as speaker for the chapter's March meet- ing was California Assemblyman Gilbert W. Ferguson. FCorida Southwest Florida Chapter. The chapter's January 28th meeting featured two interesting speakers, Major General James L. Dozier (USA-Ret) and his wife, Judy. Their hour long presentation detailed their experiences : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 when MG Dozier was kidnapped by Red Brigade terrorists in Italy in 1981. The presentation included 35mm slides outlining the terrorists' threats and goals, photos of their apartment in Verona, Italy, where the kidnapping took place and pictures of the apartment in suburban Verona where the general was held prisoner for some six or seven weeks before being rescued by a highly-profes- sional Italian police SWAT operation. When the police seized the apartment, they found a large cache of Elaine Reusch, chapter secretary, left, and incoming president John R. Lengel, right, present retiring president Lewis Fred Lewton with a walnut plaque honoring his eight years of service as president of the Northern Ohio Chapter. firearms, munitions, explosives, printing equipment and photo- graphic gear, all the trappings of a sophis- ticated terrorist opera- tion. There, too, was the weird tent set-up in which the general was held chained to an iron bunk during his entire imprison- ment. included in the visuals were shots of the four terrorist prin- cipals who constituted the "snatch and guard" team. The general and his wife took turns detailing their ex- periences and feeling during those terror- filled days, and were rewarded by the en- thusiasm of the audience. The meeting was attended by 39 members and guests, including the chief of the Bonita bureau of the Naples Daily News, and Vilius Brazenos, editor of the Lee Constitution and member of AFIO. The position of the chapter in the community was also evidenced by others in attendance, all members of the chapter: the Hon. Edwin J. Putzell, Jr., Mayor of Naples; Collier County Commissioner Arnold Lee Glass; and Lee County Commissioner Porter J. Goss. Also present with his family and a guest was John Anson Smith, a member of AFIO's Honorary Board of Directors. Chapter president Col. William T. Hornaday (AUS-Ret) suggests that other chapters interested in hearing MG and Mrs. Dozier speak of their experience or dedicate a program to the general's separate presentation on ter- rorism, may with to contact him directly: MG James L. Dozier, President, Golden Grove Management Corpora- tion, P.O. Box 1860, Arcadia, Florida 33821. The chapter's March 26th meeting featured member and co-founder Herman O. Bly speaking on "America at the Crossroads." Bly, who served twenty-eight years in various aspects of internal and international security, both in the FBI and the CIA, holds a JD from George Spring 1987 Periscope Page 17 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Washington University and has been recognized by the Freedoms Foundation for his studies and articles. Named as new chapter officers are: Arnold Lee Glass, president; and Donald Toll, secretary. Herman O. Bly con- tinues as treasurer. Reelected to the executive committee are Michael Hansinger, William T. Hornaday, Otto F. Otepka, Donald H. Randell and Robert L. Thomson. Suncoast Chapter. The featured speaker for the chapter's February meeting was Richard Ebersole of the Defense Intelligence Agency, who briefed on the current thrust of that organization. A special added treat was the presence of Mrs. Lulu Bower, a guest of Ann McDonough. Perhaps setting a new record for longevity at an AFIO function, Mrs. Bower is 103 years old! Announced speaker at the chapter's April 21st meet- ing at MacDill AFB was the Hon. John Michael Kelly, Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force. Mr. Kelly, a former Marine, Vietnam correspondent, author and holder of many key positions in government, has a broad back- ground of military training and service, including a current and active commitment to the anti-terrorism effort. Hawaii Diamond Head Chapter. Nineteen members and guests met March 18th at the Hale Koa Hotel, Fort DeRussy, to hear Gayle Gardner discuss "Agents of Deception," accompanied by a videotape presentation. Elected as new chapter officers are LTG Edgar C. Doleman (USA-Ret), president; MG Rockly Triantafellu (USAF-Ret), vice president; Edward B. Beidleman, treasurer; and Col. William J. Bernard (USAF-Ret), secretary. New England New England Chapter. The chapter held its quarterly meeting at the Mystic Hilton, Mystic, Connecticut, on Saturday, April 4th. Some 65 persons attended, including special guests AFIO president Ray Wannall and his wife, Trudie. The principal speaker was Captain Douglas Smith, USN, of the Naval War College, who spoke of the or- ganization and mission of ONI and some of the security precautions taken in light of the Walker case. Author John Barron was also slated to speak on his latest book Break- ing the Ring but, unfortunately, was forced to cancel at the last minute. During the meeting chapter president Mike Speers an- nounced that several generous contributions have been received toward the goal of purchasing a video camera to record the comments of future speakers. It is con- tempiated that the tapes will be made available to AFIO and to local groups interested in national security and in- telligence. Speers also announced that the next meeting of the chapter will be held at Norwich, Connecticut, on June 27th. It is hoped that the speaker will be AFIO member Keith Melton, a collector of the artifacts of intel- ligence, some of which will be on exhibit at the meeting. There will also be a major intelligence and military history book fair. The chapter continues to grow and now has 130 mem- bers. It has completed balloting for new by-laws, approved by a large majority. The next step will be the election in June of a board of directors. The chapter and its members continue to support various educational and public events. Member Bob VanBeever has been the guest speaker at various functions, including a Masonic meeting, two local Rotary clubs and the monthly meeting of the Maine Na- tional Guard. Other events at which chapter members have appeared or have assisted in organizing include a continuing series on intelligence at Nichols College, Dudley, Massacusetts, at which Robert Simmons and Tom Powers spoke on April 28th, and the intelligence forum sponsored in part by Gordon Graham at Simon's Rock in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, in early April. Finally, the chapter took a challenge and provided a speaker for a forum conducted on the campus at Middlebury College. The leader of the local campus activist group asked the chapter to provide a speaker with a CIA background to appear with Ralph McGehee, who has made a comfortable living writing and speaking against the CIA since his retirement some years ago. President Speers agreed seek such a speaker, but only on the condition that the sponsoring group pay the chapter the same fee as being paid McGehee. This was agreed to and the chapter's scholarship fund is now richer by $500. A number of chap- ter members attended to hear our colleague, Bruce Lawlor, ably handle the task. The whole event went well and we were proud of Lawlor's presentation to what was essentially a hostile audience. It soon became evident that McGehee was far out-classed, and when the debate ended a group of students, without hostility, continued to ask Lawlor serious questions about the intelligence profession. We were pleased to learn that chapter member MG Edmund Thompson has been invited to serve as one of the first ten "distinguished members of the Army Military Intelligence Corps." MG Julius Parker, Jr., Chief, Military Intelligence, has invited MG Thompson to attend the un- veiling of the Military Intelligence Hall of Fame, of which MG Thompson will be a part, in July. MG Parker noted that MG Thompson, "as one of the foremost architects of today's intelligence system (has) set a standard of excel- lence for past, present and future members of our profes- sion." New Mexico New Mexico Chapter. The chapter, which celebrated its second anniversary recently, continues to grow in size. Membership has tripled in the two years of its existence and each month sees more applications being submitted. The chapter meets monthly except December at the Kirtland Air Force Base Officers' Club (West) on the fourth Tuesday at 11:30 a.m. There is always a speaker on a topic pertaining to the intelligence field. In January, the speaker was Geoffrey Jessup, recently retired from Merrill Lynch, who has made frequent trips to China and who is very knowledgeable concerning Page 18 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 developments there. In February, two speakers were sup- plied from the KAFB Base Security Office. One gave and in-depth briefing on the findings of the Stilwell Commis- sion and the other, an expert in terrorism countermeasures, gave an up-to-the-minute briefing on ef- forts by terrorists to attack our military establishments all over the world. At the March meeting, Thomas J. Smith, president of the chapter, made a detailed rebuttal to the continuing smears and allega- tions of improper intelligence-gathering activities by J. Edgar Hoover during his tenure as Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. At the April meeting the scheduled speaker was Dr. Muriel La- tham-Pfeifer, who re- cently returned to the United States after serving nine years in the Middle East. Dr. Latham-Pfeifer, the administrator of Catholic Relief Serv- ices in Lebanon, Pakistan, Jordan and Morocco, was to speak on the many problems existing in the Moslem World. The chapter has lost one of its faithful members, Joseph F. Condon, a retiree from the FBI who passed away January 8th. Condon, who had once been assigned to the FBI's Intel- ligence Division in the Central Research Section, did a great amount of research necessary as background in the writing of Mr. Hoover's A Study of Communism. The chapter has announced election of officers at its April meeting, with the results to appear in the next issue of Periscope. All members of AFIO who might be visiting New Mexico are cordially invited to attend the chapter's meetings. New York Derek Lee Chapter. The winter saw an abundance of warm, spirited conversation. The chapter sponsored a series of three meetings, beginning with the long-awaited appearance of United Nations Ambassador Vernon Wal- ters. The second featured the director of the Strategic Defense Initiative, LtGen James Abrahamson. The chapter's winter session closed with a visit by Acting Director of Central Intelligence Robert M. Gates. Quoting Leon Trotsky's 1919 aphorism, "The road to London and Paris lies through Calcutta," Gates focused on the importance of a consistent, cohesive American : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 policy toward the Third World. He called the fall of Vietnam a "watershed" in international politics, a watershed that led directly to the revolutions in Iran and Nicaragua. As a result of Vietnam's fall, Gates said, the Soviet Union has been able to "affix itself as a parasite" around the Third World. Gates, who addressed the chapter's March meeting at the University Club, New York City, noted the more than six billion dollars in aid, mainly military, that the Soviets AFIO's president, Ray Wannall, greets New England Chapter members at their quarterly meeting at Mystic, Connecticut. He and his wife, Trudie, were special guests at the meeting. and their Eastern European allies have poured into satellite states Nicaragua and Angola. But, he said, the full measure of Soviet influence in Third World affairs can best be taken by the USSR's nearly ten- year war commitment against Afghanistan: the 120,000 Soviet troops currently serv- ing there, the one mil- lion soldiers who have served there pre- viously, and the four million Afghans forced into exile. There is also the issue of Third World terrorism and the background role play- ed by Moscow. "Let there be no mistake or ambiguity about it," said Gates, "the Soviet Union sup- ports terrorism. Nearly every terrorist group has links to the Soviet Union or to Soviet client states." As one ex- ample, he cited the weapons used a year ago when ter- rorists attacked Columbia's Palace of Justice. They proved to be US-made M-16s which had been left behind when the Communists seized South Vietnam. Gates said Soviet support of terrorism is not surpris- ing, "considering the role that terrorism played in the creation of the Soviet state." He quoted Trotsky's maxim, "It is necessary to kill some people to shatter the morale of the rest." To face the Soviet challenge in the Third World, Gates said America has to come to grips with the use of ter- rorism as a war, and then to formulate a vigorous, sus- tainable strategy to counter it. "Our experience shows that Soviet aggression in the Third World cannot be stopped by negotiation alone," he said. "It's a classic confrontation between the Soviet ability to destroy and the American ability to build." For Ambassador Walters, the chapter's December meeting rekindled some warm memories of his four and a half years at CIA, including a stint as Acting DCI. He told the crowd of more than 200 AFIO members and guests at Spring 1987 Periscope Page 19 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : the Union Club in Manhattan. "I left part of my heart at Langley." He reminded the audience that the most formidable forces could be felled for lack of intelligence. "Put earplugs on Joe Louis, and blindfold him, and I'll drop him." Even though the daily work of the US Intelligence Community makes the President of the United States "the best informed man in the world," Ambassador Walters said American intelligence could be better, particularly if the press would assume a more reasonable attitude toward secrecy. "The fact is," said Walters, "you cannot run an American state with everything above board, in Macy's window, in this modern world." He asked, "We're supposed to deal with our adversaries with Marquis de Queensbury rules when they use brass knuckles?" The Ambassador also chided the media for practicing censorship by omission. He recounted how neither the Washington Post nor the New York Times made mention of a resolution he introduced in the UN Security Council taking Cuba to task for supporting international terrorism, even though that was the first such resolution introduced in the quarter-century since Castro came to power. As for the items the media tend to emphasize, such as human-rights abuses in military-run Chile, the Ambas- sador said the refugee numbers tell a story of misplaced priorities: 3,000 political exiles from Pinochet's Chile - 1,400,000 from Castro's Cuba. In fact, he said, the Com- munist Bloc could easily call itself OREC (the "organiza- tion of refugee-exporting countries"), noting the 400,000 Hungarian refugees in the '50s and the more than two mil- lion persons who fled Communist Vietnam in the last decade. Number comparisons also came up in relation to Nicaragua and the Soviet Union. To the critics who say the US drove the Sandinistas into the Soviet camp, Ambas- sador Walters reminded the audience that the Sandinistas received 258 million dollars in US aid between 1978 and January 1981, when it was cut off by the Carter Ad- ministration, more than twice as much as the US gave the ousted Nicaraguan dictator Somoza in the seventeen years he held power. On the Strategic Defense Initiative, the Ambassador said, "A lot of people in the US may not believe in SDI, but Mr. Gorbachev does." With the Soviets having spent ap- proximately a billion dollars a year on strategic defense re- search, "it is utterly irresponsible for the US not to be doing something in response." LtGen Abrahamson, who addressed the chapter's January meeting at the Princeton Club, midtown Manhat- tan, called the Strategic Defense initiative "a challenge to everybody's conventional thinking." about defense in the nuclear age. Abrahamson said if Soviet nuclear strategy is calcu- lated along roughly the same lines as American strategy, the threat of mutual retaliation can work indefinitely. But, he added, if the Soviets are employing a combined strategy of offense and defense, then the threat of mutual retaliation may not be a great deterrent. "And the Rus- sians have understood defense in depth as a military strategy since the invasion of the Tatars and the two Napoleanic wars," he said. General Abrahamson offered several historical ex- amples of the risk inherent in a military strategy which rests entirely on offensive capability. The General cited World War I France and the boast by Marshal Foch that ..we no longer rely on defense, only offense." That strategy foundered on the widespread use of a relatively new technology, the railroad, which rushed German armies to the front faster than ever before. Further, LtGen Abrahamson raised the issue of the irrational or accidential nuclear strike. "If deterrance fails, every [enemy] warhead gets through. If defensive deter- rance fails, then maybe some would get through." One, he said, was fail-safe; the other, fail-deadly. Montana Western Montana Chapter. The chapter held its spring luncheon at the Missoula Country Club, March 27th. The guest speaker was S/Sgt. Milo McLeod of the Montana National Guard, who had returned only three days earlier from duty in Honduras. He explained the in- country mission, the attitudes of Hondurans toward both the Contras and the Americans training in their country, and touched on attitudes in the Panama Canal Zone. The membership paused for a moment of remembrance for Horace "Shorty" Koessler, one of AFIO's newer affiliates and chairman of the board and president of the Intermountain Lumber Company, who died piloting his own plane when it crashed in bad winter weather February 1st in Yellowstone National Park. A response from the family of the late Lou Rucker was read, as many of the members were associated with Lou during his active years. A response to the chapter's "thank you and get well" telegram to former DCI William J. Casey was also read. An up-date review and possible expansion of Walt Sedoff's high school presentations on intelligence for 1987 and the placement of two intelligence books (Careers in Secret Intelligence and Teaching Intelligence in the Mid-80's) in Montana high schools and university system was discussed. The chapter, for the first time in its ten-year existence voted to assess the members in lieu of passing the chapeau for funds for mailing purposes, etc. The dues will become effective September 10th. Ohio Cleveland-Northern Ohio Chapter. The chapter held its seventh annual dinner dance October 31st, 1986, at the Hermit Club in Cleveland, with seventy-six members and guests in attendance. The Army color guard presented the colors and Captain John R. Lengel gave the invoca- tion. Not surprisingly, since the dance was held on Hal- loween and because of the affinity of those attending, it was dubbed "Spooks' Night." The chapter held a dinner meeting January 18th at Frekelton's Restaurant, Euclid. Twenty members at- Page 20 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 tended. Elected as new officers of the chapter are: John R. Lengel, president; John Smith and Clarence Bennett, vice presidents; and Elaine Reusch, secretary-treasurer. The new president, John R. Lengel, was the speaker at the chapter's February 24th meeting. In a rebuttal to a charge by the chairman of the House Intelligence Com- mittee that the Intelligence Community has not rigorously guarded the nation's most sensitive secrets, he reminded the audience that seeking a scapegoat is not the way to strengthen intelligence capabilities. Despite the arrest in recent years of some 30 people for spying on the United State and the expulsion of many Soviet-Bloc spies, any weaknesses still evident should come as no surprise, he said. In a frightening roll call, he detailed how the US had systematically dismantled many of its security defenses and enfeebled the rest. Between 1976 and 1980, Congress cut the number of FBI agents ten percent, yet the communist nations have been al- lowed to increase the number of their official personnel here to more than 4,000, at least a third of which are professional intelligence officers. In the mid-1970s, Lengel reminded the audience, Congress recklessly slashed the number of Defense Department security personnel from 3,000 to 1,740, and some 84,000 incomplete background investigations piled up. To reduce this backlog, the Defense Department had no choice but curtail the scope of its investigations and stop making reinvestigations of persons holding special top-secret clearance. Such rein- vestigations, he said, are essential in identifying people who have bent under life's pressures and become un- suitable for sensitive positions. Had the Navy taken another look at John Walker, he suggested investigators would almost certainly have found out about his spying. For decades, the speaker noted, the FBI had monitored extremist groups advocating the overthrow of the government. Yet, in 1976, Attorney General Edward Levi laid down guidelines that prevented the FBI from in- vestigating organizations and their members without evidence that they were engaging in or were likely to engage in violent crime. The Levi guidelines so drastically restricted these and other investigative techniques that the FBI had great difficulty gathering that preliminary in- formation necessary to justify a fuller investigation. "Incredibly, because of the Privacy Act, the FBI cannot even keep records about publications of any extremist groups," Lengel said. Further, most state and local law en- forcement agencies also have stopped gathering intel- ligence about radicals and subversives and, because of the Privacy Act, many have refused to share with federal investigators the criminal records they do maintain. No one knows exactly how much the overall degradation of our security system has cost the country, he observed, adding that the FBI had discovered repeated communist attempts to subvert government employees while we relaxed our defenses. The speaker acknowledged that the present ad- ministration has repaired some of the damage by reduc- ing the bloated Soviet-bloc presence in the United States and has given the FBI additional personnel to cope with enemy intelligence officers here. Lengel urged that the administration and the congress restore common-sense security standards and investigative procedures and amend the Privacy Act to guarantee confidentiality to citizens who help federal investigators. "The real problem in security, as evidenced by recent events, is the people problem. We have had a major breakdown in internal discipline. We have discovered in our serious spy cases that there are people perfectly will- ing to sell their country, sometimes for very little money. The loss of sense of responsibility, the loss of loyalty, is a lack of care. One of the basic problems we have to face up to, in my opinion, is turning that around. We have to get back to some of the old-fashioned concepts that include things like patriotism, and it's going to take a lot of work." At the meeting the chapter honored the outgoing president, Lewis Fred Lewton for his outstanding service as leader of the chapter for the past eight years and his promotion of AFIO. The speaker at the March 24th meeting was chapter member Jack Hacherian who shared his visit to the USSR last year and gave excellent insight into life there. The meeting ran over three hours that night. The chapter usually meets on the fourth Tuesday of each month at the US Coast Guard Officers' Club, Cleveland. AFIO visitors to the area are encouraged to contact chapter president Lengel if they would like to attend. (Home: 216-826-0294; Business: 216-267-6121). The chapter has made contact with several colleges and is eager to pursue the AFIO academic assistance program. Fourteen of its members attended a lecture at Eursline College in March to hear Dr. Vladimir N. Sakharov speak on the KGB. It has also established contact with a faculty member in another university and hopes to see him as a guest speaker in the future. Texas Texas Chapter. Over two-hundred members and guests attended the chapter's banquet at the Westin Hotel, January 29th. The program opened with the presentation of the colors by the color guard of Lee High School, followed by the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag and the National Anthem by the Lee High School Orchestra. The school's drill team presented an excellent demonstration and all received a strong round of applause from the attendees. Vice president Richard C. Partch read the purpose of the Association and turned the meeting over to chapter president Fred Rodell who welcomed the guests and in- troduced the guest speaker, Arkady Shevchenko. Ambassador Shevchenko delivered an excellent ad- dress and received numerous interruptions of applause and two standing ovations. He demonstrated a keen inter- est in the future of America and, while not caustic to the Soviet Union, made it clear that there are troubled times in Russia and that some kind of change must take place. The final word from the members: "This is the best meeting we have ever had." Spring 1987 Periscope Page 21 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 From the President's Desk In this column in the Winter, 1987, Periscope, a commitment was made to continue and to press two major AFIO programs: Life Membership and Academic Assistance. Midway through my term as President, I wish to report on the status of each. Lste Membership Program Since the beginning of our fiscal year on September 1, 1986, sixty-nine members have joined us as, or converted to.. life members. This represents 10.5% of our 658 total life members as of the first of April, 1987. The more life members we have, the less it costs to send dues notices each year and, when literally hundreds of such notices are saved, this is an appreciable saving in administrative costs. In addition, the budgetary process benefits, since yearly pro-rated transfers of income from the life-membership account to the operating account are readily calculable in advance. In effect, each life membership increases AFIO's efficiency and permits the commitment of more funds to our educational effort. Academic Assistance Program As reported in the Winter, 1987, Periscope, with the generous financial assistance of a life member and his wife, in 1986 we established this program. Its purpose is fourfold: (1) to encourage courses of instruction in universities and colleges on the importance of intelligence to national survival; (2) to provide support to the instructors; (3) to furnish academic programs with course materials; and, (4) to provide continuing research support, including an AFIO developed and maintained database of intelligence cases, examples and anecdotes. The program is well underway. On September 10, 1986, letters were sent to seventy professors across the country who were documented as teaching courses on the subject of intelligence in the National Intelligence Study Center's book, Teaching Intelligence in the Mid- 1980s. An offer was made to these professors to furnish without cost to them: (1) copies of AFIO's three pamphlets in its intelligence Profession Series, for use of students taking intelligence-related courses; and, (2) a copy of Intelligence and Espionage: An Analytical Bibliography by George C. Constantinides. Word of our offer spread. Eventually eighty professors requested and received, free copies of Mr. Constantinides' bibliography. Requests for our pamphlets were slow in coming, possibly because each professor had already established his or her syllabus for the current academic year. On February 2, 1987, the eighty professors who were known to teach courses on intelligence were advised we are prepared to furnish a complimentary copy of The CIA and the US Intelligence System, authored by Scott D. Breckenridge. In short order we received fifty-five requests for the book and more are coming in. We now have on hand copies of Bibliography on Soviet Intelligence and Security Services by Raymond G. Rocca and John J. Dziak, which will be offered to participating university and college professors in the near future. On the drawing board is a plan to raise $7,500 to acquire, package and mail 75 sets of the Espionage and Intelligence Library. This consists of two dozen paperback Ballantine books. Contributions to this or future phases of the Academic Assistance Program would, of course, be most welcomed. We have experienced enthusiastic support of our educational efforts. Periscope Editor Ed Sayle and Executive Director John Greaney enlisted the assistance of Life Member James E. O'Brien of Palo Alto, California, in seeking a grant from the Hewlett-Packard Corporation. This firm, which is headed by former Deputy Secretary of Defense David Packard, donated a computer and printer, equipment valued at $12,800. This sincerely appreciated donation will not only enhance the Academic Assistance Program but will support the entire educational function for which AFIO was created and to which it is dedicated. Thanks to our members and benefactors, AFIO is alive and healthy. Ray Wannall Purpose AFIO was organized in 1975 by former intelligence personnel from the Federal military and civilian intel- ligence and security agencies. Its purpose is to promote public understanding of, and support for, a strong and responsible national intelligence establishment. AFIO believes that effective intelligence is the nation's first line of defense against surprise from abroad, subver- sion at home and possibly dangerous miscalculation by our national leaders in the conduct of foreign and defense policy. AFIO therefore holds that reliable intelligence is es- sential to the cause of peace. In pursuing its objectives, AFIO Works closely with appropriate committees of the congress regarding legislation affecting the intel- ligence agencies, responds to congressional re- quests for its views and information on intelligence matters, and is frequently called upon to testify on specific legislative proposals. Through its network of local chapters across the nation, provides speakers for discussion of national security issues before civic, academic and profes- sional groups. Promotes educational programs explaining the role and importance of intelligence. Provides participants for network and local TV and radio programs on national security issues. Is frequently consulted by scholars, authors, jour- nalists and TV producers on intelligence matters. Monitors media treatment of intelligence and security issues and, where inaccuracies and distor- tions occur, attempts to set the record straight. ? Distributes to its members a quarterly publication with news, views and book reviews relating to intel- ligence, and a quarterly digest of current news com- mentary. Page 22 Periscope Spring 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Journal of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers VOL. XII, NO. 1 FBI Director Says "The Year of Icing The Spy" Is Result of Renewed Counterintelligence Efforts Spinning spiderwebs with physical and electronic surveillance has created a barrier between hostile agents and our citizens, FBI Director William H. Webster told an overflow AFIO audience December 8th. By tightening these webs, focusing as the FBI does on the hostile intelligence agents rather than our own citizens, the Bureau has met with success in "dangle" operations, launching double agents and, perhaps the most valuable, recruitments-in-place, he noted. Through a combination of Special Agents, surveillance groups, an expanded corps of language specialists, a computerized intelligence information system and a team of intelligence research specialists, the FBI has been able to focus its efforts, Director Webster noted. This has paid off in both anti- terrorist investigations and counter-espionage programs. "In the past three years, more defendants have been charged with espionage than the preceding 18 years," he said, adding that since the beginning of 1985, the US has expelled over 90 hostile intelligence officers and has arrested 28 persons on espionage charges, 26 of whom have already been convicted. The hostile presence is great, Director Webster said, noting that 80,000 visitors from communist countries arrive on our shores each year, 20,000 students from communist countries study here and over 4,000 communist diplomatic and commercial officers are based here, of which at least one-third are intelligence agents. They have also adapted their recruiting techniques to appeal to the worst in human nature, greed. The new breed of recruits, volunteer spies motivated by "an attitude that says it's okay to sell anything if the price is right," are unlike the ideologically motivated ones of the past, presenting an increasing challenge to investigation. The intelligence community, Director Webster said, must implement more strenuous security countermeasures; must strive for greater inter- agency cooperation and sharing of resources and information; and needs to reach the public. "You know from your own work with public educational programs that an informed American public is a public willing to assist intelligence efforts." The full text of the FBI Director's presentation appears on pages 4-6. William H. Webster Director of the FBI FBI Chief Urges AFIO To Address Secondary School Information Effort During FBI Director William H. Webster's presentation he spoke of the Bureau's efforts to edu- cate employees in defense industries to the threat posed by hostile intelligence agents, noting that the FBI's DECA (Development of Counterintelligence Awareness) Program had already briefed some fif- teen thousand persons. He commended a similar effort by the National Security Committee of the American Bar Association to alert lawyers across the country to the telltale signs of security weakness. "They're opinion makers in many ways, and its impor- tant that they support this effort," he noted. In further discussion of public education during the question and answer session, Director Webster regretted that he could not point to such a program which specifically deals with secondary education. "I think we're coming into a real resource problem in this respect, but perhaps this organization could think seriously about how the private sector, drawing on people with the kind of experience represented in this room, could get the message out, either by per- sonal appearances or by materials prepared at the secondary school level for reading." "I would certainly support it," he said. Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 NOTES FROM NATIONAL As we explained in the last issue of Periscope, our Academic Assistance Program has been well received by those teaching courses on Intelligence whom we have contacted. To further assist them, we hope to be able to provide names of AFIO members near their schools. It would open up the knowledge and skills acquired over long careers to the benefit of the new generation. Many professors are in need of assistance in preparing their course syllabus, in presenting guest lectures on certain topics and in obtaining knowledgeable panelists for seminars. If you are interested in supporting these courses, please let us know the names of the schools in your area and what type of help you would care to offer. As the program develops we hope to become somewhat of a clearing house for those professors who teach courses related to intelligence. If you have any experience in having worked with schools which teach courses related to Intelligence, please let us know the details so that we may share them with other AFIO members. Due to our limited assets, it is necessary to restrict this program to the College and University level. We are pleased to report that some of our members have been addressing the high schools in their areas. This continues to be worthwhile although we cannot provide AFIO material for them. We would hope that the Chapters could take on teaching intelligence as a special project. National is prepared to provide college students with free copies of the three pamphlets published by AFIO to date: The Clandestine Service of the Central Intelligence Agency by Hans Moses; National Security and The First Amendment by John S. Warner and The KGB: An Instrument of Soviet Power by Thomas Polgar. These pamphlets were made available to AFIO members when they were printed. Our supply is limited but we recognize the importance of making them available for students. 1987 National Convention. The thirteenth convention will be held on October 9th and 10th at the Sheraton Tysons Corner Hotel. This is a brand new hotel located on Route 7 and the Dulles Access Road in Tysons Corner, Virginia. Summer Luncheon. AFIO will hold a luncheon on Monday, June 8, 1987, at the Officers' Club, Fort Myer, Virginia. We are fortunate to have an acceptance from Admiral William J. Crowe, Jr., Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Department of Defense, to be our speaker. Members in the Washington area will receive a flyer prior to the event. Those members who might be in the area are welcome to come. We ask all attendees to send in their reservations and payment ($13.00 per person) in advance. We do not accept payment at the door and the space is limited to 450. The reservations are on a first come basis. VOTING IN 1987 AFIO received over 700 ballots in the election of 1986, the highest number ever cast for Board elections. The Board consists of twenty-one members, each elected for a three- year term. The terms of seven members, John Davis, Lee Echols, Sam Halpern, Dick Larkin, Walter Pforzheimer, Gene Tighe and John Warner, expire this year. They have served AFIO long and well and although they have not yet been asked if they are available for nomination for another term, we urge all our members to consider nominating additional active members for the election ballot. We also ask each Chapter to submit a nominee. The nominee's written permission, short biographic summary and small picture must be received at headquarters by May 1, 1987, in order to have the ballot printed and mailed with the Summer Periscope. Dissenting Voices "The agency's purpose is not, he contends, to gather intelligence, but to manipulate information in support of American foreign policy. In Thailand, Vietnam, Angola, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaraguaand elsewhere, the CIA has fabricated information about Communist subversion to justify American intervention and the creation of American- supported regimes, he said. 'I don't think we can long go on letting the CIA go around the world destroying life, liberty, happiness . . . and long expect democracy to survive in this America,' McGehee said." Ralph McGehee at the University of Louisville, as reported by the Louisville (KY) Times "How many Nicaraguan harbors must the CIA mine, how many assassination squads must it deploy, how much covert terror must it market before university officials say they are not in the business of nurturing young people for those kinds of trades? ... If our government is running low on finding people with a calling to the CIA, let the agency use its reputed ingenuity to secure an off-campus recruitment center. Television commercials are available. The same ad agencies that gussie military careers as an idyllic life of service and adventure should be able to beautify the CIA art of training Nicaraguan contras to rape women and burn hospitals." Colman McCarthy, columnist The Washington Post Periscope Winter 1987 Page 2 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 A Memorial Day Gathering of Tigers, Cats and Eagles by Leon V. LaShomb Over 240 civilian personnel of four related aviation companies were killed or missing in Asia, particularly Southeast Asia, during the period 1946-1975. Almost totally unknown, except to their families and friends, these gallant pilots, air crew members and ground support personnel, gave their lives for their country with the same finality as their uniformed comrades. On memorial day weekend, May 30, 1987, survivors of these companies, with family and friends of the deceased, will gather at the McDermott Library on the campus of the University of Texas at Dallas to dedicate a memorial to their dead. This is the first comprehensive acknowl- edgement of the many American and foreign civilians who died for the freedom of others. The names listed on the memorial are aircrew members and ground support personnel who were employed by Air America, Civil Air Transport, Southern Air Transport and Air Asia, Ltd. All of these companies were owned wholly or in part by the Pacific Corporation, which at the time was linked to the Central Intelligence Agency. Some of the original employees of CAT and Air America were, like General Chennault, ex-"Flying Tigers" and WWII veterans of the China campaign. As the organization grew in size and scope of activities, crew and support personnel were recruited from all branches of the military services and from civilian sources. These individuals were the most highly skilled, adventurous and patriotic aviation personnel that could be found. Some were captured, others are still missing, and many of them died during those difficult operational years which ended with the final helicopter evacutation flights from the roof of the US Embassy in Saigon on April 29, 1975. The McDermott Library will host the memorial gathering and house the archives of this unique group of participants in one of history's most successful, unusual and misunderstood aviation enterprises. The CAT/Air America Collection will be housed in the McDermott Library's History of Air Collection, alongside the Jimmy Doolittle Collection and the Womens Air Service Pilots (WASP) Memorial. Holdings of this internationally recognized library cover the entire spectrum of aviation and space development, and every one of its several million archival items is accessible for public use and research. For more information write: Air America Club, Inc., Rt. 1, Box 39B, Marion, TX 78124 or call (512) 625-5914. SPRING LUNCHEON AFIO will hold its Spring Luncheon on Monday, March 16, 1987, in the Koran Room of the Fort Myer Officers' Club. We are fortunate that The Honorable James E. Nolan, Jr., Director of the Office of Foreign Missions, Department of State and a member of AFIO, will speak on the security of US Embassies abroad. IN MEMORIUM Mrs. Louise BUSHNELL New York, New York LtCol Charles V. B. CUSHMAN, (USAF-Ret) Rancho Palos Verdes, California Mr. Harry P. BROOKS Bethesda, Maryland Mr. Joseph P. BURKE Silver Spring, Maryland Col Charles F. DENSFORD, (USAF-Ret) Pipe Creek, Texas Mr. Ray F. DRUMMOND New Braunfels, Texas LCDR John A. GASSNER, (USN-Ret) Landover Hills, Maryland COL John V. HINKEL, (AUS-Ret) Washington, D.C. Mr. Richard A. NEWSHAM Alexandria, Virginia Mr. Thomas M. PERKINS Sarasota, Florida LTC Arthur W. Van SCHOICK, Jr., (USA-Ret) Miami, Florida Defector Book Describes Development of Journalists Vladimir Kostov, a Bulgarian intelligence officer whose assignment was focused on Western journalists, served nine years before to defecting in France in 1978. In his recent book, Le Parapluie Bulgare (The Bulgarian Umbrella), (Paris: Stock, 1986) Kostov describes how Soviet bloc intelligence surveilled and assessed professional journalists in Paris in the mid-seventies for active measures purposes, accumulating some four to five hundred dossiers on as many French and foreign journalists in that city during 1975-76 alone. So active was the Bloc effort, Kostov says, that he once began the recruitment of a journalist only to be waived off because the greedy journalist had already accepted Soviet recruitment. Kostov also charges that during the mid- 1960s Bulgarian intelligence controlled the activities of UPI's correspondent in Sofia. Winter 1987 Periscope Page 3 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Remarks by William H. Webster Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation before the Association of Former Intelligence Officers December 8, 1986 Thank you very much, and thank you, Ray. It's a great pleasure for me to be here, and I particularly enjoyed your introduction since it called to my attention that I was described in "Parade" magazine as the "anonymous Director of the FBI" on Sunday. That's just all a part of my ability to perform covert operations. I want to take just a second--I wasn't going to do this--but I'll take just a second to establish my credentials with you former intelligence agents. George Washington had a spy by the name of Katie Montgomery who carried messages in her clothing across the lines in North Carolina. In each succeeding generation, there has been a Katie in our family, including my great-aunt, my mother, my daughter and my granddaughter. I'm not sure that that establishes me here in this room, but it has worked elsewhere. I would, however, like to mention Malcolm Forbes' gift to me, which he also gave to Bill Casey, of a letter from George Washington to one of his majors. This letter described the usages of tradecraft, discussed how to write invisible ink messages and indicated that such a message was in the letter and how to find it. Its a very interesting letter. Malcolm paid $115,000 for it ... and I was glad to have a reasonable facsimile of it at no cost to the Bureau. This letter does show, I think, that from time immemorial, intelligence has been extremely crucial and so regarded by our leaders in the field. Certainly, as we commemorate Pearl Harbor Day today, we cannot help but think of the crucial importance of getting intelligence --meaningful intelligence--and having the ability to understand its meaning and take appropriate action on it. That's certainly true in the military in time of war; it is equally true in time of peace. I know it is true in our own terrorism program, as we look back upon what, I think, in the last eight years has been a proud record of reducing the number of incidents in this country, as compared with the rising problem of terrorism throughout the world. When people ask me, "How were you able to do it? To what do you attribute it?" I give credit to a lot of things. But I say first and foremost intelligence. You cannot get there before the bomb goes off unless you have the intelligence to know that the bomb may go off; where it may go off; and who will set it off. The construction of that quality of intelligence, almost from scratch--after the Church and Pike Committee days, which made that type of intelligence-gathering so unpopular in law enforcement circles--has made the difference, in my opinion, between what we face in the United States, and what other countries in the world have been facing. And so I, at every opportunity, stress the importance of intelligence. I would emphasize, too, that intelligence means something more than just gathering enormous amounts of data about every aspect of problem areas. It means a focused attention upon the real problems--the real targets. By pushing our resources in specific areas--for example, at twenty or so active domestic terrorist organizations--we'll gain much more than we would by spreading ourselves as an inveterate intelligence-gatherer of irrelevancy. Unfocused intelligence gathering only complicates the work of the analysts, consumes our resources and undercuts our public support and confidence. Today, I believe we have the right measure of balance in our focus, at least in domestic terrorism. But that isn't really what I came to talk to you about. I want to talk about our role with other intelligence agencies in counterintelligence. Today, our citizens are thinking very hard about national security. They've seen Vladimir lzmaylov of the GRU caught picking up classified information at a drop site, and they've seen him interdicted and expelled. They've seen Gennadiy Zakharov, more recently, arrested and indicted--and they've seen a Soviet reaction to that indictment that aroused the indignation of the world and terminated in the expulsion of 80 Soviets from their diplomatic missions in the United States--80 Soviets whose business it was to engage in intelligence activity here in the United States. They've also seen American spies discovered in all our sensitive agencies, as well as in sensitive industries. In the past-three years alone, more defendants have been charged with espionage than the preceding 18 years. These troubled 80s have been a time of success and disappointment, a time for re-examination and refinement, for all the members of the intelligence community. I think it's pretty clear that each agency must continue to improve its responses to the national intelligence effort and, just as importantly, must work hard to share information and coordinate the efforts with each other. As the investigative law enforcement arm of the intelligence community, the FBI concentrates its efforts on counterintelligence. We strive both to reduce our nation's vulnerability to hostile efforts and to neutralize hostile activity through counterespionage. I'd like to talk to you today about how we're meeting these challenges--and what further efforts we believe are necessary to protect our national security. Our counterintelligence efforts work around a very basic problem. There are too many hostile intelligence officers, too great a hostile presence in this country. We have to identify that presence today. ? From 20,000 students from communist-countries who study in our schools' ? From 90,000 visitors from communist countries who arrive on our shores each year; ? And from over 4,000 communist diplomatic and commercial officers who are based in the United States--one-third of whom are believed, reliably, to be charged with intelligence-gathering activities by their own governments. Furthermore, we are observing an increased aggressiveness on the part of these hostile services to collect our scientific and technical, our political and our military information. The Soviets, in particular, have closely focused their efforts: they have specifically targeted our technology that is used for weapons, weapon systems and military support equipment. And they have adapted their recruitment techniques to appeal to the worst in human nature. They call it the "typical American attitude toward money"--an attitude that says that it's okay to sell anything if the price is right. In years past, we have investigated Americans who agreed to spy for reasons of ideology and personal political conviction. But today, we are confronted with a new breed--a breed of volunteer spies who are motivated primarily by their own greed. Their treachery may be colored by job dissatisfaction or by a desire, occasionally, for excitement or even revenge. But we come across very few instances where money isn't changing hands. Just look at the track record of the 1980s: David Barnett, William Holden Bell, James Durward Harper, Thomas Cavanagh, the Walkers, Jerry Whitworth, Ronald Pelton, Jonathan Pollard, Bruce Ott--all were looking to make a "fast buck." Only one aberration: Allen John Davies, who recently tried to pass classified documents to the Soviets to avenge himself on the Air Force. As the indictment charges, he was angry about an ongoing dispute over just $1,200. He tried to give away precious military secrets for reasons of spite. Nevertheless, he certainly wasn't motivated by ideology or conviction. The lack of conviction of this new breed makes it more difficult to go to the place where we are most likely to find those who would betray their country. It makes them more difficult to identify as we did in years past. It represents a tremendous challenge for us. The question then is: how can-we reduce or control the numbers of-hostile agents and-potential spies in our country? We do not have --nor do I think we will ever have--enough personnel to keep track of everyone who comes into this country with intelligence-gathering missions, and we certainly don't have enough personnel or resources to keep track of every citizen. Nor do we want to investigate the activities of law-abiding citizens without just cause. In this regard we are different from our competition: we do not subscribe to the block-control, block-watch concept. We have to have something more consistent with our open and democratic society. As our main tactic, therefore, we "spiderweb" known or suspected intelligence operatives. Spinning our webs with physical Page 4 Periscope Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 and electronic surveillance--all electronic surveillance being court authorized, by the way--we weave a barrier between hostile agents and our citizens. We hope that the barrier itself will frighten off potential traitors. But if contact is made, we want to be in a position to detect the individual who is thinking of selling secret to our adversaries. To tighten these webs, focusing as we do on the hostile intelligence service rather than upon our own citizens, we've increased the number of our Agents in the field. We've increased our recruitments-in-place, perhaps the most valuable, most important and most cost effective of our efforts, We're running double agents to step in wherever possible with undercover operations. And we're implementing dangle operations. The dangle technique is unusually important to us because it serves to keep our enemies off balance. Because of successful operations like the Dr. Zeha case and the lzmaylov case, the Soviets are never really sure, these days, when a volunteer shows up for a real buy, whether they are dealing with a potential traitor or with someone working for the FBI. Our number-one resource has always been and, I believe, will always be, the human intelligence-gathering agent. But today, our Agents in the field are now supported by improved technologies and expanded resources that are clearly making a difference in our overall counterintelligence program. I We have Special Surveillance Groups that act as the eyes and ears of our Agents. By conducting physical surveillances and securing and controlling locations and individuals in undercover operations, they provide a dimension to investigative operations that cannot be duplicated by other means. Time and time again, these specialists have shaped an investigator's suspicion into a prosecutor's fact. ? We've expanded our corps of language specialists to conduct technical collection. ? We have a computerized intelligence information system to help process information and to assist in prosecutions. ? And we have a corps of intelligence research specialists who analyze the data and piece the fragments of intelligence into explicable patterns. I might mention, too, that in our computer efforts we now have a program well on its way to permitting us to use artificial intelligence to identify and guide our Intelligence Division operatives in taking on the more complicated and ambiguous tasks. All in all, I believe that we have made impressive strides in our counterintelligence efforts in recent years. And if 1985 was hailed by the press as The Year of the Spy," 1986 has certainly turned out to be The Year of Icing the Spy." Since the beginning of 1984, 28 people have been arrested for espionage, and 26 convictions have been secured. Allen Davies, of course, awaits trial. Only Richard Craig Smith, of all those charged, was acquitted. That's an all-time record since World War II. Just since the beginning of 1985, our Government has formally or informally expelled over 90 hostile intelligence officers, based on information developed by us and by other agencies in the intelligence community. I'm particularly satisfied with Zakharov's arrest and expulsion--he was clearly just beginning to call in his markers so that he could return triumphantly to Moscow at the end of his tenure, which was not far away. Eighty of the total number of expulsions, of course, occurred this Fall in the wake of Zakharov's arrest. At long last, with these expulsions, the diplomatic equivalency terms of the Leahy-Cohen Amendment have been achieved. Even better, the 80 Soviet officers who left us were the top intelligence officers known to or identified by us. Their departures will make an enormous hole in Soviet intelligence-gathering activities in New York, in Washington and in San Francisco. And what was our punishment in return? The punishment was the withdrawal of 260 spies from our embassy in Moscow--another goal we had set for ourselves that was accelerated, compliments of Mr. Gorbachev. I know that our officers in Russia are put to unusual discomfort and stress, but they are bearing up well under it. It will be a matter of pride for them to have outlived this problem, and we will CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 have achieved a major effort on both sides of the Atlantic as a result of what has taken place. The real proof of our efforts, however, I think is best shown in our actual investigations. And, today, I'd like to highlight briefly our Pelton case, because I think it demonstrates so many important features of today's counterintelligence efforts. Ronald Pelton worked for 14 years as a communications specialist in the National Security Agency. Although he didn't have much education, he was a highly intelligent man with a remarkable memory for technical data. Over time, he was given more and more responsibility at NSA, until, in 1978, he wrote a 60-page report on what the United States knew about Soviet signals intelligence. The next year, Pelton's life fell to pieces. He declared bankruptcy, quit the NSA and failed at one get-rich-quick scheme after another. Thinking he could recoup his losses by selling his last marketable product--his memory--he called the Soviets. One phone call later, on January 15, 1980, Pelton entered the Soviet embassy. When he left three and a half hours later, he had shaved off his beard, was wearing Soviet work clothes and went out with other men in a van close to the exit door. We saw him go in, saw his back side, and we could not identify his exit. We had knowledge of these events, but they were odd fragments of information that simply could not be put together in a larger context. Remember that this was 1980. Importantly, these facts were retained, and the effort continued. Then, when Yurchenko defected, we learned that an unnamed NSA employee had been providing the Soviets with information since 1980. We quickly formed a joint NSA-FBI task force, and we began pouring over NSA files, looking for possibilities. I believe that there were some five hundred possibles as we began This effort. Through an interview with Yurchenko granted by the CIA, we almost inadvertently learned that the man we wanted had red hair. When we pushed Yurchenko to describe the exact shade of brown hair that he had earlier identified, Yurchenko pointed to a red color. And with this critical piece of information, we made the identification--and confirmed it when NSA employees identified Pelton's voice on calls to the Soviet embassy in 1980. The rest of the case is history. Pelton was arrested November 25, 1985, and was convicted on May 6, 1986. We learned from the investigation just how critical inter-agency cooperation can be. We needed CIA access to Yurchenko. We needed NSA cooperation as much as it needed ours. And, as a sidelight, we also learned the effectiveness of one of our countermeasure techniques. When the Soviets asked Pelton to return to NSA as their mole, he said, and I quote: "I can't. I won't pass the polygraph." Clearly, polygraphing can act as a great deterrent when used judiciously. Successful investigations like that of Pelton may demonstrate that coordinating efforts among members of the intelligence community can make the system work. But it's legitimate for you to ask, are we winning overall? Well, on the balance, I think that the FBI is in a better position today than it was ten years ago--or even five years ago. But you know as well as I do that in the counterintelligence business no service can be expected to "win" every time. After all, our adversaries are also using well-trained professional intelligence officers. I believe, however, that we will continue to make headway, maintaining the present momentum, and will continue to close the weak links in our national security, so long as we continue to identify and address issues that do, in fact, relate to our national security. And right now I can think of several national security issues that need to be met: issues that concern the internal security of sensitive agencies; issues that concern inter-agency cooperation; and issues that concern public awareness of and support for intelligence operations--a vital part of getting the resources and the authority tc do what needs to be done. ? First, we can and must implement more strenuous security countermeasures. And I underscore the tremendous work that General Dick Stillwell has done in alerting our community to the' importance of that first critical step. We must improve screening procedures for employees it Winter 1987 Periscope Page 5 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 sensitive areas--not only when they're hired, but during the course of their employment, and even after they leave the organization. Further, we must carefully consider procedures and guidelines for the use of employee drug testing. The FBI, for example, now routinely tests its incoming Agents--and it is formulating a policy for random objective testing of its employees. I cannot emphasize too strongly the security threat posed to us by the employee who uses drugs. If hostile agents have been quick to seize on Americans' weakness for financial gain, imagine how quickly they can take advantage of those dependent on drugs. 0 Second, we must all strive for inter-agency cooperation-- sharing resources and information as necessary to protect our national security. The FBI's counterintelligence role, for example, is critical to all intelligence efforts. Collection and analysis cannot produce reliable results--and covert action cannot be effectively conducted--unless we know what hostile (and occasionally even friendly) services might do to turn our intelligence activities to their advantage. There must be no penetration of our intelligence gathering apparatus. Conversely, the FBI depends on the rest of the community for critical leads. We certainly needed access to the defector Yurchenko to begin our investigation of Ronald Pelton. I chair an inter-agency committee called the IGCI, the Inter-Agency Working Group on Counterintelligence, a part of the SIGI, as you know the Special Inter- Agency Group on Intelligence chaired by Bill Casey. Again and again here, I have seen us coming together to devise a central strategy to deal with counterintelligence problems here and around the world. 0 Third and last, for today's discussion, we need to reach the publiic. You know from your own work with public educational programs that an informed American public is a public willing to assist intelligence efforts. Several years ago, for example, a student at Columbia University watched a TV documentary on the KGB and realized, with horror, that he was quite possibly being recruited by Penyu Kostadinov, a Bulgarian commercial attache. This student notified the FBI, and we subsequently arrested Kostadinov for espionage. I would call for more public programs--and practical ones at that--that will alert our citizens to the telltale signs of security weaknesses. I'm proud of the work that Morris Leibman is doing to alert the lawyers across our country of their importance. They're opinion makers in many ways, and it's important that they support this effort. Morris is doing a tremendous job on the National Security Committee of the American Bar Association. In our own effort, DECA--the FBI's Development of Counterintelligence Awareness Program--we educate defense contractors in standard recruitment techniques. Fifteen thousand Government contractors have been reached so far. These kinds of programs will work--and they do work. Jonathan Jay Pollard, the analyst for the Navy's Anti-Terrorism Alert Center, was caught because fellow employees noticed and reported that he was requesting documents outside his need-to-know area. This arrest wasn't the result of our DECA program, but it illustrates what an alert and informed employee can do to help the effort. It's our job to get the employers to incorporate programs that will produce that kind of alertness. There are many ways that I could close this part of the program today. My own assessment is that we are combining the best of human intelligence-gathering capabilities with modern scientific electronic computer analysis and with other devices, too sensitive to discuss in detail, to keep track of the hostile intelligence presence in this country--to recognize it, to "spiderweb" it, to make it virtually impossible for an American traitor to make contact without our knowing about it. Again and again, we have seen instances where the Soviets have refused to meet with people who are trying to meet with them. As you know, in a couple of those instances in the past two years, we've run undercover operations against those people, caught them, found out what they had, made the arrests and made the prosecutions and convictions. Many of the meetings are taking place in Mexico today because it is now too difficult to meet in the United States. We want to keep it that way. We can only keep it that way if we have the balance between our resources and their resources. I have argued in public testimony that, in my opinion, the best way to approach this balance, wherever possible, is to reduce the Soviet and Soviet-bloc presence in the United States. I always point out that one-third of this presence, at least in the diplomatic community, represents hostile intelligence operatives. It isn't any good to give us an additional Agent to take care of one additional spy--and I don't need to tell this audience why it's no good to do it that way. But when we can eliminate one Soviet spy, we can concentrate our considerable resources on the other problems that remain. I think the Congress and the administration are in concert on this issue, and our "spiderweb" approach to dealing with counterintelligence will become increasingly effective. These efforts, taken together, are needed to keep our country strong. As I listened to what Ray had to say this morning, I thought of the many people who have given their lives for their country, particularly those at Pearl Harbor. During the Korean War, I was executive officer of a tanker operating out of Pearl Harbor to the Far East, and we berthed right across from the "Arizona," which at that time was its own memorial. It didn't even have-a housing over it. Being there, you couldn't help but think of the people who had given so much to keep our country the way it is today. These same thoughts occurred to me last night at the Kennedy Center, when the program closed with a tribute to Ray Charles by the boys and girls of the Florida School for the Blind and the Deaf. A hundred children must have been on stage--some were using sign language, and those who could not see were singing; in their own ways, all were singing "America, The Beautiful." And I think that's our job--to keep it that way. Donations The following members have generously contributed an amount equal to or exceeding one year's annual dues. Mr. Douglas K. BEED Potomac, Maryland Miss Mildred S. BRANNAN Falls Church, Virginia Jeanne B. GRIFFITH Evanston, Illinois Mr. Robert L. KEUCH Carlisle, Pennsylvania Mr. William R. LeBUS Washington, D.C. Mr. Christopher POTH Darien, Connecticut Mrs. Nancy C. SWAN Kensington, Maryland (Donation for Educational Program) Page 6 Periscope Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 Intelligence Issues `?... Congressional oversight has never quite lived up to its billing as an objective, bipartisan mechanism. The oversight function has often become just one more weapon in Washington's continuing struggle over the control and content of foreign policy . . . Opponents of covert activity have discovered that by leaking covert operations into the news, they can create a debilitating aura of suspicion and illegitimacy around foreign policies they dislike. Put bluntly the question is, does Congress want the US to have a covert-action capability or not? If not, why doesn't it explicitly say so? . . . "What we now have is the worst possible outcome-- politicized oversight, but a lack of political support to conduct covert operations. In fairness, Congress isn't totally to blame for the covert action debacle. Jimmy Carter and his CIA director, Adm. Stansfield Turner, played a big part. During the 1970s, CIA covert-action agents were fired in droves, foreign agents were abandoned and the CIA's paramilitary operations were dismantled. The pickup team atmosphere around some recent operations suggests the US hasn't recovered from the loss of these specialized skills . . . "The US needs to regain its covert-action capabilities. However, intelligence specialists both inside and outside the government don't see how the US can sustain successful covert activities as long a Congress is ambivalent about them. "When addressing this subject in their frequent TV appearances, the members invariably argue that they merely wish to participate in the process so that they can build the necessary public support once the activities become known. But what happens to these consensus- builders in the days after a covert action is leaked and blown? Somehow the most widely quotated Hill members suddenly become the familiar arrogance-of-power crowd. "Before Congress gets too carried away with the oversight needs of the Hughes-Ryan Amendment of 1974 (section 662 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961), it ought to face squarely the question of whether it wants covert activities in any shape or form. Put it to a vote. Stop temporizing. Congress should vote either to pull the CIA out of the covert-activity business, or to pull itself out of the CIA's hair." Book Guides Travelers: How Not To Become a Hostage A group of security consultants with rich experience in personal protection have authored a new book, The American Hostage: To Be or Not to Be, as a guide to those who must live, travel and survive on all continents--with emphasis on survival. The authors are Richard Keiser, formerly with the US Secret Service as head of protective details for presidents Nixon, Ford and Carter, Herbert F. Saunders, a former senior official of the CIA, and William J. Mulligan who spent 27 years abroad with the State Department. The book may be ordered for $9.50 from Varicon International, Three Skyline Place, Suite 200, 5201 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041. CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Military Retirees Urged To Enter Education Field Secretary of Education William J. Bennett and Secretary of Defense Caspar W. Weinberger have signed a formal agreement to encourage retired and retiring military men and women to seek second careers in teach- ing and school administration. In citing the need for more good teachers, the Secretary of Education said, "Many men and women who served in uniform have developed excellent leadership and teaching skills. If they will consider turning some of their experience and knowledge to teaching and ad- ministration, it would be a good thing for our schools, our children and our nation. Many retirees are well-versed in precisely the subject areas in which there sometimes tend to be teacher shortages, namely science, math and for- eign languages." According to Secretary Weinberger, in 1985 more than half of the officers retiring in their early forties held master's degrees, 98% had a bachelor's degree and 40% of the retiring enlisted personnel had some college. Secretary Bennett noted that many states are now liberalizing their certification requirements to allow qualified people other than education school graduates to enter the teaching profession, and urged that potential teachers should not be turned away because they lack the proper credentials. He suggested that school systems adopt "reasonable tests and provisional certificates" to assure the retired personnel have the knowledge, skills and character necessary to teach or administer. One obstacle yet to be overcome is the teaching es- tablishment itself. On learning of the proposal, the Nation- al Education Association responded with a statement Secretary Bennett thought "remarkably inhospitable." Similarly, a spokesman for the National Association of Secondary School Principals reacted, "You don't hire a shoe salesman to perform heart surgery" Those interested are asked to write or call for a copy of A Second Career for You, available from the US Depart- ment of Education, Office of Public Affairs, Room 2089, 400 Maryland Ave. SW, Washington, D.C. 20202; phone (202) 245-8601. New Intelligence Journal Published in Great Britain Although British intelligence and national security remains a mysterious and largely taboo subject, particularly in peacetime, a new intelligence journal published in Britain, in addition to discussion of the history of intelligence work, will feature analyses of its contemporary functions and problems and assess the influence of intelligence work on foreign policy and national security. The publication, Intelligence and National Security, edited by historian Christopher Andrew, notes that it recognizes that current intelligence operations require secrecy as a condition of success and will be content to limit its focus to lifting the veils which still cover past intelligence work. Subscriptions to the publication, which is published three times a year, may be ordered ($40 for individuals; $70 for organizations) from Frank Cass, 81 Adams Drive, Totowa, NJ 07512. Winter 1987 Periscope Page 7 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 USN AND USMC DEDICATE INTELLIGENCE by Captain Richard Bates, USN (Ret) On October 24, the Navy and Marine Corps Intel- ligence Training Center (NMITC) at Dam Neck, Virginia Beach, Virginia, was dedicated. The principal speaker was Navy Secretary John Lehman, who also dedicated the building, appropriately named for Rear Admiral Edwin T. Layton. The concept of the Center was that of Admiral John Butts in mid-1979 and it became reality through the efforts of many, particularly Mr. Craig Wilson of the Department of Defense and Representative G. William Whitehurst in whose Second Virginia District the Center was built. The Center brings to one location Navy and Marine Corps intelligence training previously done at Norfolk, Quantico, Denver and Key West. The 113,000 square foot facility is impressive, as was its dedication. With proper Navy protocol, the Secretary and other principals were piped aboard. After being intro- duced by the commanding officer of the Center, Captain Robert T. Trafton, USN, Secretary Lehman dedicated the Center, and Mrs. Miriam Layton joined him in cutting the ribbon officially opening Layton Hall. The Center's library has been named the G. William Whitehurst Research Library in appreciation for the con- gressman's strong support for intelligence and the Navy, and for his Navy combat service in the Pacific during World War II. The library was dedicated by Rear Admiral Thomas R. M. Emery, Commander, Training Command, US Atlantic Fleet. The auditorium has been named the Rufus L. Taylor The Navy and Marine Corps Intelligence Training Center at Dam Neck, Virginia Beach, Virginia. This modern 113,000 square foot teaching facility brings together in one place training previously done at Norfolk, Denver, Quantico and Key West. It has been named for Rear Admiral Edwin T. Layton, USN. Navy Secretary John F. Lehman, Jr., the principal speaker, also dedicated Layton Hall. The Commanding Officer of the Center, Captain Robert T. Trafton, USN, looks on. Page 8 Periscope Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : GIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 TRAINING FACILITY AT DAM NECK, VA. Memorial Auditorium, and for its dedication Rear Admiral William O. Studeman, USN, the Director of Naval Intel- ligence, was joined by Mrs. Karin Taylor. Admiral Inman was on hand to assist Admiral Studeman dedicate the Bobby R. Inman Quarterdeck. Finally, a corridor of the Center has been named for Chief Warrant Officer Solomon Hughey Godwin, USMC. His wife, Mrs. Haydee Felix, was on hand to assist Lieutenant General Alfred M. Gray, Jr., USMC, Command- ing General, Fleet Marine Force Atlantic, in the dedication. CWO Godwin was captured at Hue after calling friendly mortar fire on his position as the enemy attacked in force. He was in Hue as the counterintelligence liaison officer to the national police headquarters there. He died in captivity and, because his remains were never recovered, no ap- propriate military ceremony has been performed until now. After appropriate remarks, prayers and the playing of taps, his son, Solomon Hughey Godwin, Jr., received from Congressman Whitehurst a flag which had flown over the US Capitol. After the ceremonies, a reception and tours of Layton Hall, the Naval Intelligence Professionals (NIP), a new professional intelligence association, held a luncheon all the Dam Neck Officers' Club. There Mrs. Layton and Mrs. Taylor were made honorary life members of NIP, as was Mrs. Joan Hoare, the widow of Peter Hoare, a British naval intelligence officer of considerable renown. The luncheon and presentations were presided over by NIP president RADM "Mac" Showers. After the dedication, at a luncheon held by the Naval Intelligence Professionals (NIP), Admiral "Mac" Showers presents certificates of honorary life membership to Mrs. Joan Hoare, Mrs. Miriam Layton and Mrs. Karin Taylor. Admiral Studeman is seated between Mrs. Taylor and Mrs. Layton. To the left of Mrs. Hoare are Mrs. Showers and Mrs. Trafton. Ago Captain Trafton and Admiral Studeman present a momen Admiral Bobby R. Inman after the dedication bbd a Center's quarterdeck in Admiral Inman's honor. Winter 1987 Periscope Page 9 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 - Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Army CIC Group Changes Name The Senior Counter Intelligence Corps Retired, Inc., has changed its name to the Army Counter Intelligence Corps Veterans, Inc. (ACICV). The change became effec- tive October 9th on approval of the Department of Army and the State of Florida where it is incorporated. Organized in 1972 by former counterintelligence per- sonnel, primarily from the Army, its purpose is to promote fun and comradeship, be informal, and conduct an annual reunion. It holds IRS status as a tax-exempt war veterans' organization, and has been incorporated as a non-profit organization since 1973. The group, which prides itself on a one-time member- ship fee and no dues, has an energetic program for those eligible. It conducts an annual reunion, the next of which will be held in August 1987 at San Francisco; publishes a periodic newsletter for the exchange of information be- tween members; maintains a file of the names and ad- dresses of former CIC personnel; conducts an annual memorial service for deceased members and former CIC personnel; administers an educational scholarship program for children and grandchildren of military person- nel, particularly military intelligence personnel; maintains the LTC Arthur D. Nicholson, Jr., memorial scholarship fund for his daughter, Jennifer, now age 9; and en- courages its members and chapters to participate actively in community patriotic, veteran, intelligence and anti-com- munist activities. The group encourages membership of spouses, widows and widowers of those eligible. Full membership is available to any US citizen who served honorably as a member of the Counter Intelligence Police, the Counter Intelligence Corps, or as a counter in- telligence specialist in Army intelligence, or who com- manded or served with such a unit and was honorably dis- charged or retired. Although the requisite intelligence service need not have been performed in wartime, mem- bers must have served in the armed forces during wartime (ApI, 6, 1917 to Nov. 11, 1918; Dec. 7, 1941 to Dec. 31, 1946; Jun. 25, 1950 to Jan. 31, 1955; or Dec. 22, 1961 to May 7, 1975). Associate memberships are also available. Interested persons may write ACICV, Inc., 1567 Heather Way, Kissimmee, FL 32743. Mid-East Scholar-Agent Relates Excursions/Incursions Dr. Donald N. Wilber, who served with OSS in Iran during WWII and was involved in a CIA covert effort which culminated in Operation-AJAX, has authored Adventures in the Middle East: Excursions and Incursions. In his book, Wilbur tells the fascinating story of his arduous travels and friendship with people from all walks of life, ranging from the Shah of Iran and prime ministers to peasants in Egypt, Syria, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Ceylon. The book is available for $17.95 from the Darwin Press, Box 2202, Princeton, NJ 08540. A Retrospective: Secret Iran Maneuvers; How Quickly We Forget by Edward F. Sayle Congressional pique at not being informed of the Reagan administra- tion's secret overtures to Iran provides endless fodder for the nation's front pages. The administration contends that it needed secrecy in sway- ing pragmatic elements in the power struggle for post-Khomeini control of Iran. A "gentlemen's agreement" was broken when the President instructed his aides to remain silent, the legislators charge. The administration argues that the silence was only temporary and that any leak would have endangered both the Iranians being courted and the hostages held by forces sympathetic to, if not controlled by, the Khomeini regime. Historians, and few others, can point to President George Washing- ton's refusal to inform Congress of those persons to whom he had paid ransom and bribes for the release of Americans held hostage by Algiers almost two-hundred years ago. Six years ago is another thing. Then the fate of 52 American hostages seized in Iran tugged at the nation's heart- strings as Ted Koppel gave a daily count of their days in captivity. The nation recognized and accepted that something dramatic, be it diplomatic or military, had to be done to break the impasse and bring the American prisoners home. President Carter carried the burden of what appeared to be a diminished and powerless presidency as a penalty for inaction. By October 1980, there were reports of an "October surprise," the release of the hostages in time to assure a presidential triumph at the polls. It was reported that a secret deal was in the works and that the hostages would be released in exchange for five planeloads of military spare parts. The press claimed to have located the anticipated shipment in a warehouse at McGuire Air Force Base, and a Pentagon spokesman made the frank admission the materiel there was indeed intended for Iran. But, he said, the parts were ones that had been signed over the Iranians before the hostage crisis began and were stored at McGuire "to be made available for the Iranians to pick up at their convenience." John Trattner, spokeman for the Department of State, acknowledged that the administration intended to resume the shipment of military parts once the hostages were released. When asked how resumption of such shipments could be reconciled with the US claim of impartiality in the war, he stated that "The United States remains impartial in the Iran-Iraq conflict ... However, we will not allow the current conflict to change the long-standing position we have had that provides for resuming more or less commercial relationships with Iran once the hostages have been released." Press speculation of the time faded into history like a bad memory after the ultimate release of the hostages. The inside story of the Carter Administration's secret efforts to free the hostages is only now coming to light in the wake of disclosures about recent initiatives. Gary Sick, a principal White House aide during the hostage crisis, has acknowledged that the Department of State had been meeting secretly with a relative of the Ayatollah Khomeini, and President Carter had sent the Iranians a message offerin "a military package of about $150 million (including the aircraft spares) that would be made available upon release of the hostages." The Khomeini government ignored President Carter's pledge, says Sick, and the impasse continued. Adding to the historical background of the earlier crisis is the frank admission recently ofAdmiral Stansfield Turner, director of the Central In- telligence Agency under President Carter, that there were three in- stances where the Congress was kept blind on secret efforts to free the hostages. Said Turner, 'In all these instances, the information was so tightly held that had the full Intelligence committees of the Congress been informed, more people on Capitol Hill would have known about the operation than inside the CIA! These, in my view, are instances in which, if we had not been able to postpone notification, we probably would not have proceeded." Turner acknowledged the secret "finding" of President Carter which permitted three specific intelligence operations to free the hostages: -The CIA, in facilitating the successful escape from Tehran of six Americans who had hid in the Canadian Embassy, sent a CIA person into the city, at high risk to his life, to engineer the departure. CIA personnel, in support of "Desert One" planning, flew a light plane into the Iranian desert, landing by moonlight to take core samples to establish if the area would be a suitable landing strip. Other CIA personnel went repeatedly into hostile Tehran to survey what the military rescue force would find on their arrival and to purchase the trucks to transport the raiding party to the beleagured embassy. "Each such trip;" Turner said, "was a highly risky venture and any hint that we were doing such a thing through Mehrabad Airport would almost certainly have caught one of our people in the Iranian noose." Few would disagree with Admiral Turner that each of these was a precious instant in which absolute security was paramount, both for the safety of the intelligence personnel involved and for the hostages them- selves. Page 10 Periscope Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Members (New members since the last issue except for those who asked their names be restricted.) ABBOTT, Mr. Alfred A. JONKERS, Mr. Roy K. ROTHMAN, Mr. Adolph P.O. Box 10205 2414 Falls Place Court 9311 Ocala Street Albuquerque, NM 87184 Falls Church, VA 22043 Silver Spring, MD 20901 AMAZEEN, Col. Charles P. Jr. KUEHN, Mr. James M. SHORE, Col. Moyers S. (USA-Ret) 2108 Penfield Lane 10027 Meado Mills Drive Box 335 Bowie, MD 20716 Cincinnati, OH 45241 San Jon, NM 88434 BRANDT, Ms. Clare LAUR, Mr. Timothy M. SMITH, Mr. Frank J. R.D. 2, Box 237 3769 Colliers Drive 3747 F Street Rhinebeck, NY 12572 Edgewater, MD 21037 Sacramento, CA 95816 CESARE, Mr. Donald J. LeBUS, Mr. William R. SOLASKI, Mr. Roy R. 2720 Alteza Lane P.O. Box 1046, USSAH 12090 Timberlake Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80917 Washington, D.C. 20317 Cincinnati, OH 45249 CUFFE, Miss Mary C. LEWANDOWSKI, Mr. Eugene J. STARR, Mr. Edward 222 East 93rd Street, #6F 81 Shady Lane 109 Third Street New York, NY 10128 Fanwood, NJ 07023 Garden City, NY 11530 DeBRULER, Mr. Wilburn K. MASTROVITO, Mr. James M. STEWART, Col. Matthew C. (USA-Ret) 10308 Florian Road 7120 Aztec Road N.E. 3789 McKay Creek Drive Louisville, KY 40223 Albuquerque, NM 87110 Largo, FL 33540 DUPRE, Mr. Robert E. McRAE, Mr. John A. TRANTHAM, Mr. James W. 28 Williams Street 54 Livingston Street P.O. Box 284 Salem, NH 03079 Brooklyn Heights, NY 11201 Quemado, NM 87829 FILBY, Mr. P. William O'HANLON, Mr. Brendon P. VALADEZ, Maj. Ramon B. (USMC-Ret) 8944 Madison Street 1173 Tice Place 1633 Babcock Road, #155 Savage, MD 20763 Westfield, NJ 07090 San Antonio, TX 78229 FISHER, Mr. Arthur R. O'NEILL, Mr. William K. WAESPY, Mr. Charles M. 69 West Street 8447 Hunters Creek Drive 2719 Daniel Road Beverly Farms, MA 01915 Houston, TX 77024 Chevy Chase, MD 20815 HENGER, Mr. Charles G. PENSOTTI, Mr. Sergio P. WHITE, Mr. Barry E. 50 Business Parkway 10226 Chevy Chase 333 East 55th St., Pent. A Richardson, TX 75081 Houston, TX 77042 New York, NY 10022 HURFORD, Mr. John B. QUINN, Mr. Michael W. WILLIAMSON, Mr. John T. Jr. 220 East 63rd Street, #10A 5840 Cameron Run Drive, #633 1201 N. Inglewood Street New York, NY 10021 Alexandria, VA 22303 Arlington, VA 22205 Winter 1987 Periscope Page 11 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFIO Greets New Life Members [This listing does not include those who asked their names be restricted] CAPT George BARFORD USN(Ret.) Tampa, Florida Mr. James M. MASTROVITO Albuquerque, New Mexico Mr. Warren A. BRADISH College Park, Georgia Mary O. BREWER (Mrs. Charles V.) Bethesda, Maryland Miss Ann CARACRISTI Washington, D.C Kathryn E. CARRETTE Houston, Texas Mr Fred V. CROWLEY Houston, Texas Mitchell S. CWIEK Escondido, California Mrs. Mary G. DAWSON II Foster City, California Mr Wilburn K. DeBRULER Louisville, Kentucky Mr. John K. GREANEY Chevy Chase, Maryland BrigGen Harry T. HAGAMAN (USMC-Ret) Arlington, Virginia Mr. John B. HURFORD New York, New York LtCol Thaddeus W. KALLINI San Antonio, Texas Mr. John H. LEAVITT McLean, Virginia Mr. Terence M. LEE San Marino, Caifornia Mr. Matthew C. MacVANE Boca Raton, Florida COL James M. McALLAN (USA-Ret) Falls Church, Virginia M. Charles J. McCARTHY Revere, Massachusetts McCARTHY, Miss Dorothy L Silver Spring, Maryland Mr. Thomas J. McKEON Rockville, Maryland Mr. John A. McRAE Brooklyn Heights, New York CAPT Francis A. E. MICARA (USN-Ret) Washington, D.C. Mr. Daniel T. MEISENHEIMER, Jr. Orange, Connecticut Mr. Jim PHILLIPS Williamstown, New Jersey COL Harry B. PLOWMAN (USA-Ret) Fort Myers, Florida Mr. John T. RAUSCH APO New York, New York RADM Donald Mac SHOWERS (USN-Ret) Arlington, Virginia Mr. Burdette C. SMITH Longboat Key, Florida Mr. Raymond C. A. ST. GERMAIN Redington Shores, Florida Mrs. Nancy C. SWAN Kensington, Maryland Maj Ramon B. VALADEZ (USMC-Ret) San Antonio, Texas Col Robert E. WORK (USAF-Ret) Saratoga, California Page 12 Periscope Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 On the Intelligence Bookshelf . . . Which Half is Accurate? Richelson, Jeffrey T., The U.S. Intelligence Community. Cambridge: Ballenger Publishing Company, 1985. [Editor's Note: Increasingly, writers and authors have grown depend- ent on electronic databases in conducting research on given topics; The resultant product, if the writer is not informed or discriminating, in some cases justifies the old adage about computers: "Garbage In, Garbage Out." In the review that follows Dr. Winn L. Taplin assesses carefully the positive and negative factors of an omnibus work which will no doubt be used widely as a bound database in the academic community.] DID you know that American intelligence defector Philip Agee and former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger collaborated on a sec- tion of "Dirty Work: The CIA in Western Europe," the book Agee and Louis Wolf produced in 1978? You weren't aware of that? Well, it's right there in a footnote on page 296 of Professor Jeffrey T. Richel- son's "The U.S. Intelligence Community." The footnote reads: "Philip Agee and Henry Kissinger, 'What Uncle Sam Wants to Know About You: The KIQ's.'" It is nonsense, of course, that Agee and Kissinger collaborated. Richelson is a professor of political science at American University and he, too, must know that is nonsense. Unfortunately, this error typifies the carelessness of author and editors that "dogs" Richel- son's book. Perhaps the publishers were rushing to get it into print, for Richelson's work is the first book-length description of the American intelligence community. And that is its greatest value- bringing together information which is otherwise spread through government documents, periodicals and topical books. Unfor- tunately, though the book contains much useful information and is organized effectively for reference purposes, its value is marred by its many slip-ups and inaccuracies. How, for example, is one to be sure of anything in a book on the American intelligence community that gets some of the basics wrong. Richelson thoroughly misconstrues the use of that most fundamental indicator, the Warning Notice. (See p. 317 for this blunder.) In fact, the author's whole discussion of classification is confused. He con- tends, for example, that sensitivity indicators actually denote security classifications "above Top Secret." He apparently bases this er- roneous interpretation on a second-hand report that in 1964 Secretary of Defense MacNamara referred to codeword information as "above Top Secret" classification. By accepting this dated and er- roneous MacNamara comment as a description of practice over twenty years later, Richelson soon loses himself in a maze of miscon- ceptions. Basic to his difficulty is his refusal to accept sensitivity in- dicators for what they are, a means to limit access to certain material. In a section entitled "Managing the Access to Information," one sees a more fundamental problem--Richelson's apparent failure to grasp even the concept that source or content sensitivity might make it important to limit access to a document even though the substance of the document might not warrant a high classification. It is not un- common, for example, for American intelligence to receive a class- ified foreign document or private comment by a foreign official that speaks in deprecating terms about some senior US official. The in- formation must be reported and it must be seen by the appropriate senior analysts and policy makers. But it makes no sense for such slanders to receive wide Washington distribution. Sensitivity in- dicators keep the distribution limited without over-classification of the document. In the same way, Richelson does not seem to understand, or per- haps accept, the idea of "need to know." How else can one explain his contention concerning a 1944 directive pointing out that a Top Secret clearance alone is not sufficient for access to certain Top Secret codeword information? To Richelson, this is evidence that the codeword indicators must represent an "above Top Secret" class- ification. Presumably he takes this line of reasoning because he as- sumes that anyone with a Top Secret clearance has a right of access to any Top Secret document. Thus, a hard look at this Richelsor argument really shows confusion over the "need to know" practice it American intelligence. In addition, if the author's contentions are true that sensitivity indicators actually denote "above Top Secret" class. ifications, it would mean that a whole classification structure had tc be built up by the intelligence community outside the legal anc regulatory framework that safeguards classified material. This, too, is nonsense. Richelson is correct that there is always a tendency to over-class- ify and he is probably right that unnecessary secrecy "hurts the chances of keeping truly important secrets secure." But his apparent answer, less stringent requirements on the individual to respect classified material, looks like a formula for chaos. The weakness of the Richelson methodology is shown quite well by one of the more amusing examples of Richelson's thinking re security. In his denigra- tion of non-disclosure agreements which provide for pre-publication review, he complains that they would even be used with persons who have access to sensitive information "for only a brief period of time." Thus, Richelson appears to argue that there is less respon- sibility involved if one has access to sensitive information for only "a brief period of time" than if he or she has such access over a longer period. In addition, Richelson implies criticism of efforts to keep offi- cials who have left government from making uncontrolled use of sensitive information to which they have become privy during govern- ment service. And Richelson apparently feels that if you gain access to classified information while you are outside government, you have no moral or ethical responsibility to protect it from disclosure. How else can one explain his inclusion in this book, even when no mean- ingful substantive purpose is served, of several items which he claims are classified material? Richelson's actions speak even more loudly than his words in showing his disdain for the US govern- ment's classification system. His rationale may amuse some readers, but knowledgeable ones will just lose further respect for the author's judiciousness. Looking at Richelson's work more broadly, the aim he sets for "The U.S. Intelligence Community" is to "provide a comprehensive and detailed order of battle of the U.S. intelligence community." How well does he do this? The organizational plan is sound: (1) Unit by unit descriptions of the organizations that make up the intelligence community, (2) Explanations of substantive intelligence activities, and (3) Discussion of management and control issues. All of this is introduced by an excellent short essay describing the field of intel- ligence. His writing style is direct. Sentences are short and to the point. Because the book is jammed with organizational names, program titles, and statistics, most readers will not take a lot of the book at one sitting. But when an intelligence term or unit name arises for owners of Richelson's book, they will undoubtedly turn to it first for an explanation. His attempt to cover everything has led Richelson even to identify regional military commands. He has made ingenious use of the Department of Defense telephone directory and other open documentation to pin down military intelligence units and or- ganizational structure. In sum, for finding "what's what" in the American intelligence world, Richelson's book is the best place to start looking. But fundamental problems undermine an overall success for the book. One of them is something which Richelson could do little about. Intelligence, by its very nature is a closed field. The conduct or use of intelligence involves secrecy, and it follows that any outside observer, even one like Richelson who is a student of intelligence, would have great difficulty in assembling "a comprehensive and detailed order of battle." A few authors who have not been intel- ligence professionals have successfully fathomed and described specific topics or elements within the intelligence field. David Kahn, David C. Martin and Thomas Powers come to mind. Many of the weaknesses described in this review stem from the difficulty which Richelson, an outsider, has encountered in trying to provide such a "comprehensive and detailed" description of the entire US intel- ligence community. Of course, no one with the requisite inside ex- perience could, or should, attempt the job because of his or her responsibilities--ethical, legal and professional--to protect both basic and specific intelligence information. The second major problem is one which Richelson could have Winter 1987 Periscope Page 13 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 controlled. As implied above, there are major weaknesses in his choice, use and citation of sources. He gives his book an air of academic validity by including 1,200 footnotes, but carelessness, in- consistent and inaccurate citations pop up throughout the book. Note 13 for Chapter 1 reads: "'Director of Central Intelligence Perspectives for Intelligence 1976-1981,' Covert Action Information Bulletin 6 (October 1979): 13-24." When the same information is used in Chapter 2 it is cited as: "Philip Agee, 'How the Director of Central Intelligence Projected US Intelligence Activities 1976-1981,' Covert Action Information Bulletin 6 (October 1979): 13-24." Who's being cited here? The Director of Central Intelligence or Agee, an activist trying to undermine American intelligence? There is a big difference and a writer from the American academy who is attempting "a com- prehensive and detailed order of battle" of the intelligence com- munity should advise his readers more accurately and effectively about the basis of his statements. It is beyond the ability or patience of readers to check more than a small portion of the 1,200 plus foot- notes. But warned by this early example of misleading inconsistency, a serious reader who checks Richelson's findings from time to time will be appalled by the many vagaries found. But the issue is broader than the faulty mechanics of many cita- tions. The author makes little attempt to be judicious about whom he quotes on what issue. A stray news article will receive the same weight as a serious congressional study or the comments of an intel- ligence professional who was personally involved in a specific ac- tivity. Comments by Agee and by former CIA officer John Stockwell, who regularly denounces American intelligence on college cam- puses, are consistently taken at face value. But well drawn books by William Colby, David Phillips and Cord Meyer, for example, are never cited in Richelson's chapters on "Counterintelligence and Covert Ac- tion" and "Human and Other Sources." Colby, Phillips and Meyer, of course, held senior positions at CIA, were deeply involved in these topics and have written about them. But Richelson looks elsewhere. True, he draws on some sources who are operationally knowledge- able, such as Harry Rositzke and William Hood. Much more of his operational discussion, however, is based on uncritical acceptance of daily news articles, unreliable or biased sources like Agee and very dated material from Victor Marchetti and John D. Marks. While both Marchetti and Marks were in positions in the 1960s that gave them broad insight into American intelligence, they both left the intel- ligence community more than 15 years ago and, between them, they had a total of one year of experience directly in intelligence opera- tions. Yet, they are the sources on whom Richelson consistently relies, including on operational topics. Richelson's sections on counterintelligence and covert action are weak. He seems cursory and much of what he says is based on operations and activities of more than two decades ago. His discus- sion of covert action, for example, is weighted heavily to dated, oft- told tales: Iran and Guatemala in the 1950s, Cuba and Zaire in the 1960s, Chile in the 1960s and early 1970s, and Angola in the mid- 1970s. The author also makes passing mention of more recent American support for insurgents or counter-insurgents in several countries. But his emphasis is on activities that are "boom and bang," or military in nature, while he brushes very lightly over more subtle covert action. Counterintelligence is described to a significant degree in terms of the Nosenko-Golitsin shambles of the 1960s and the Shadrin case. A lot has happened since those cases and Richel- son did not seek out the more up-to-date discussions by sources such as Colby, Phillips and Meyer which could have immeasureably strengthened him on covert action and counterintelligence in par- ticular. AFIO's own publication, "The Clandestine Service of the Central Intelligence Agency," by Hans Moses, is a far sounder short summary of American intelligence field operations than is Richel- son's. And, it appeared two years before Richelson's book. Thus, if he had used more care in his choice of sources, Richel- son would not, for example, have made such basic errors as con- tendling that the purpose of "low visibility" or "black" propaganda is to present "lies" to target audiences. The primary purpose, in fact, is to get the truth in front of audiences which might not pay attention if they thought the US government was the source of what they were reading or hearing. If he had used Moses' booklet as a source, Richelson could have avoided another error, his bald assumption that "coercion" is a regularly practiced American recruitment method in counterintelligence operations. Richelson cites no source for this contention and, again, he is just plain wrong. Unfortunately, in at least one instance, there appears to be an element of deceit in Richelson's use of a source. In what must be the low point of the book, Richelson twice lists assassination as one of the nine types of American covert action operations. (In neither place does he mention that Executive. Order 12333 prohibits assassination, although he does mention the fact in another context late in the book.) Both times that Richelson asserts that American intelligence practices assassination, he cites the Appendix of Marchetti and Marks' "The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence." (That appendix con- tains the minutes of an off-the-record statement made in 1968 by Richard Bissell, a former senior CIA operations official.) But in all three editions of Marchetti and Marks, the Appendix shows Bissell mentioning only eight types of American covert action operations. Assassination is just not mentioned! What kind of academic respon- sibility is this? Has the academic world changed so much that "making up" false assertions sand crediting them to a source where they are non-existent is acceptable practice? It almost seems this way, for on the basis of this book and his more recent writings, Richelson is now regularly turned to by the media as an expert on the American intelligence scene. Certainly students and the public deserve better from "experts" in academe than serious charges leveled on the basis of a falsified source. Much of the above has, of necessity, been quite negative. Are there balancing positive factors? Yes, there are some very definite pluses. The early chapters of Richelson's book are packed with the names and brief descriptions of innumerable organizations and of- fices. The discussion of intelligence analysis, evaluation and report- ing processes are thorough and generally sound. Richelson has an excellent comprehension of technical methods of intelligence collec- tion and he provides a good compilation of the procedures and various offices involved in this specialty. The discussion of imagery analysis is very thorough. Richelson includes extensive detail, much of it from foreign sources, on what heclaims is US intelligence liaison with other countries. If anything, Richelson sometimes goes overboard in providing detail. For example, in a disc.rssion of the allocation of resources, the author describes the Tactical Intelligence and Related Activities (TIARA) Program. But he goes to such detailed extremes as, "Thus the Navy's portion of TIARA consists of the following thirty-three programs:..." And sure enough, the text goes on to name thirty- three specialized programs one after the other. (As a final example of citation weaknesses, this list of 33 is credited to an article in "Aerospace Daily" which the footnote says is titled "Navy's Portion of TIARA consists of 23 Programs." Whether the publication had 23 or 33 programs enumerated in its article, Richelson ended up with 33.) Most of the many compilations Richelson includes are of much more value than the Navy's 23(33. A list of several hundred acronyms used by the US government, with special emphasis on intelligence functions, is particularly useful. The items included range from such common terms as SALT to more esoteric ones like TIARA. Richelson understands the intelligence bureaucracy, has a good feel for the rivalries in the intelligence community and discusses them well. The primary impact of his book, and a useful one, is to bring home dramatically the breadth and complexity of the American intel- ligence community and the difficulties of managing it. He is par- ticularly good at showing the structural and political limits under which the Director of Central Intelligence has struggled in his at- tempt to meet his statutory responsibility over the community. The book's many assets mean that Richelson's work will be widely used on campuses. The conduct of intelligence activities has always been a part of the international struggle. But foreign relations studies have tended through the years to analyze international issues without reference to the role of intelligence. No one can say with any ac- curacy what proportion of international governmental activity cur- rently falls in the intelligence field. But it is significant, and it is too little discussed in the academic arena. Thus, an important contribu- tion by Richelson is having produced an overall description, though flawed, of the American intelligence community. Richelson's final chapter, titled "Issues," points up several fun- damental intelligence management questions such as the extent to which the Director of Central Intelligence should exert control over Page 14 Periscope Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 the intelligence community. He stimulates one's thinking on other questions as well, e.g. the acceptability and practicality of covert action and the extent to which intelligence information and activity should be classified. Whether one agrees or not with Richelson's views, and many intelligence professionals will disagree with him, he concludes his book by saying wisely: "These policy and manage- ment issues have been with the US intelligence community since its inception. They are not likely to be resolved anytime soon." The best parts of Richelson's book may well be the first and last chapters in which he does some generalizing and synthesizing. To summarize, Richelson chose the right topic at the right time. The US government puts a major effort into intelligence activities. In- telligence has become a profession for many Americans. The field needs, and is developing, its own scholarship. A sound, overall, un- classified discussion of the American intelligence effort has been needed as more and more campuses have brought intelligence ac- tivities into the context of their international relations studies. Richel- son's is the first effort at comprehensive coverage of American intel- ligence. Unfortunately, Richelson has addressed the field as if he were writing about a basically open topic--say the National Football League (NFL). If one just compiled everything that the nation's sports writers and commentators say about it, and organized it with some logic, one would undoubtedly get a reasonably realistic picture of the NFL. It appears that in much the same way, Richelson com- piled article after article, comment after comment about American in- telligence. He organized the information with consumate logic. But his methodology was to take material uncritically from all kinds of sources and patch it together. But what might work for the NFL does not work for intelligence. It is a secret world, and to build a picture that carries significant reliability, a more critical methodology must be used. To be seriously credible, an academic effort in this field must look behind each source and statement. The writer must ask "Who said or wrote this? Would he have had the access to know it? What was his motive in making the statement? Is he trying to sell a position either for or against American intelligence? Is he trying to make a headline? What is the era he is talking about? How does that era relate to current practices of American intelligence?" I am sure that an Agee or a Stockwell, or even a Seymour Hersh, is on occasion correct in what he says about American intelligence. But it is un- sound, as Richelson does, continually to present information from these and other biased sources or unreliable sources without giving some warning to the reader. One retired CIA officer has said, only partly in jest, that the Richelson book is a tremendous boon to American counter-intel- ligence because it will be read avidly by the Soviets, but they will not know which half is accurate. A less colorful, but probably more ac- curate, summary is that "The U.S. Intelligence Community" is packed with information--much of it accurate, but far too much inaccurate. Most persons who use the book will not have the time to ferret out which is which. Those seriously interested in the field of American in- telligence are left to wait for the "right" book on this "right" topic, but until it comes along, Richelson's effort will have to do. [Dr. Winn L. Taplin teaches "US Intelligence and Foreign Policy" at the University of Vermont. He is a former career operations officer with CIA.] ^ ^ ^ Agent of Scientific Intelligence Kramish, Arnold, The Griffin, Boston: Houghton- Mifflin, 1986. T HE Oslo Report, first revealed in 1947 by Prof R.V. Jones, has achieved a fame matched by few intelligence reports of the Second World War. It revealed secrets of a strategic nature on German development or application of new weapons and was left by an unknown person at the British legation in Oslo in 1939. R.V. Jones later devoted a chapter and made repeated references to it in his 1979 book. He even included its unnamed source on his list of those to whom he dedicated his work. Brian Johnson, in the published ex- panded version of the BBC series on the scientific and technical war, sets the stage with an introduction entitled "A letter from Oslo." It is no exaggeration to say no serious subsequent work on the intel- ligence war treating on its scientific and technical aspects is without some reference to it. The strategic value of the Oslo Report is now recognized, some- thing that R.V. Jones, but not everyone, discerned at the time. It fol- lows that whoever passed it to the British made an important con- tribution to the allied victory even if nothing more was provided. Thus, Arnold Kramish's effort to identify the person responsible for this intelligence windfall assumes an historical significance and inter- est beyond the ordinary. There has been much speculation over the years on the source of this report. One theory held that it was from a group of anti-Nazi con- spirators in the Abwehr, probably acting with the blessing of its chief, Admiral Canaris. After careful investigation, Kramish names Paul Rosbaud, codenamed the "Griffin," as the person who passed it. An Austrian, anti-Nazi and science editor of the German publishing firm Springer Verlag, Rosbaud passed intelligence to the British SIS throughout the war, according to the author. The importance of this source is thus of a compound nature, to which must be added the fact that he is a rare case of an identified intelligence source within Germany during the course of the entire war. Of the variety of intelligence Kramish claims Rosbaud forwarded to London, that which dealt with German atomic research and any plans for an atomic bomb stands out alongside the Oslo Report in strategic significance. Rosbaud is said to have Ynformed the British of the German decision in June, 1942, not to attempt to make an atomic bomb, shortly after the decision was made. For those reared on American accounts concerning our uncertainties and worries about German atomic programs and intentions, uncertainties lasting the war, this piece of information is an eye-opener. Kramish is not the first to name Rosbaud as a British or Allied source. R.V. Jones, in his introduction to the 1983 edition of Samuel Goudsmit's "Alsos" stated the following: "Our knowledge [concern- ing any German atomic bomb] was, incidentally. largely due to Paul Rosbaud, of whom Goudsmit writes so warmly and rightly and whom we had managed to contact through our intelligence sources in Swit- zerland." This support for his identification is in abbreviated form and downgraded in the Kramish text. The reason may lie in their con- tinued differences over the source of the Oslo Report. Similarly, there was a strong clue given by Goudsmit himself in his 1947 book and which is not mentioned by Kramish. This was to the effect that Ros- baud's anti-Nazi feelings and his attempt to keep contact with allied colleagues via neutral countries was known to all. Kramish is the first to attempt a systematic, in depth investigation of Rosbaud's activities, their well-spring and to determine any as- sociation he may have had with the Oslo Report. Prior to this biog- raphy by a scientist with an added reputation as a serious writer, we had only a name and little more. F.H. Hinsley does not, of course, give a name in the official history of British intelligence in the Second World War. There is only reference to "reports from a well-placed writer for a German scientific journal" which probably refers to Ros- baud. Much concrete evidence of his wartime activities is produced; an example of this is the testimony provided by his Norwegian com- munications links with SIS. On the other hand, Kramish has no equally hard evidence to offer in support of his belief that Rosbaud was the source of the Oslo Report. For this he relies on deduction and some intelligence analysis to answer R.V. Jones' firm contention to him that Rosbaud was not the author of that report. It may turn out that Kramish is correct on this but he cannot claim, on the basis of what evidence he has provided here, that the Oslo Report was "beyond doubt" Rosbaud's first great intelligence contribution. Not surprisingly, the author's background in nuclear energy programs and writings in that field are reflected in the space and at- tention he devotes to what was known from the Allied, and par- ticularly the British, side of German atomic research work, and of Rosbaud's contributions to this knowledge. The ease and familiarity with which he writes on the subject and about the scientific figures Winter 1987 Periscope Page 15 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 he discusses add to the value of this treatment. He credits Rosbaud not only with passing to SIS the 1942 decision not to proceed with the atomic bomb, but also with the verification SIS needed in the summer of 1943 for its accurate estimate of German atomic intentions and programs. In addition, Rosbaud is said to have been the source of the intelligence that the Germans intended to move heavy water stocks in Norway to Germany. This resulted in the dramatic and famous operation which sank the ferry carrying the shipment. Kramish's manner of presenting some of the information he had accumulated leaves open, at times, the question of exact attribution on important matters. This is the case despite his chapter notes and the care he usually takes to distinguish the known from the specula- tive by using literary caveats. There is no source attribution for the claim that Rosbaud passed the 1942 German decision on the atomic program to SIS in very short order. Nor are we informed whether Hinsley is the source of the 1943 estimate on the same subject. The words he italicizes and quotes are from Hinsley but are not identified as stemming from that official history. Nor does Hinsley attribute the estimate to SIS. Likewise, we have the example where the reader does not know the basis of his assertion that Rosbaud's reports on the damage to Dresden were a valuable supplement to photorecon- naissance assessments. Professionals, both active and retired, will note some intriguing aspects of Rosbaud's wartime activities. Here was a known op- ponent of the Nazi regime, married to a Jew living in England, whose mistress' sister was a communist, in touch with foreigners and a number of resistance groups which he used as his channels to London, friendly with opponents of Hitler within Germany, yet able to prosper as a source and to survive the war. Rosbaud defied the odds and teaches us some new lessons on the inefficiencies of the vaunted Nazi internal security apparatus which had the reputation of being unforgiving. The possibly deeper meaning of Rosbaud's relationship with German communists seems to warrant further research. Hilde Ben- jamin, his mistress' sister, was employed in the Soviet trade delega- tion in Berlin and was married to a-fellow communist who died in a Nazi concentration camp. Hilde survived the war unscathed and helped the Russians organize their criminal justice system in Berlin. Later, she became the minister of justice in the East German govern- ment. Kramish touches on this relationship and the fact that Ros- baud was fond of Hildeand her husband, but finds no evidence that Rosbaud spied for the Russians. Nevertheless, the relationship war- rants. more exploration because of its tantalizing prospects. There is, finally, the question of the propriety of making known the name of any intelligence source or agent, especially one who the author says after the war stubbornly remained in the shadows rather than revealing himself. Professionals with their bias would have preferred the source's wishes honored, content only with the knowledge that a very brave German citizen served mankind and democracy well and helped destroy a great tyranny. Others, includ- ing writers, see things differently and do not wish to miss the chance to complete the historical record so long after the events and to tell the fuller, intriguing story. This is what a capable and perceptive writer like Kramish has tried to do in this biography. [George C. Constantinides is the author of the award-winning "Intel- ligence and Espionage: An Analytical Bibliography," which was selected as the first book in a series to be presented under the auspices of the AFIO Academic Assistance Program to professors and instructors of intelligence at the nation's universities.] I Say, What Was Ole Blunty Up To? Penrose, Barrie and Simon Freeman, Conspiracy of Silence: The Secret Life of Anthony Blunt. London: Graf- ton Books, 1986. W reading this carefully constructed account of Anthony YY Blunt's birth, life and death, a vision of Claude Rains in a cinema classic, wearing a wry smile and cocked kepi came to mind. In the original context of the film when Rains' furry voice uttered "Round up the usual suspects." he conveyed an esoteric signal to the audience that the crime was likely to be insoluble and that there was little merit in exhausting one's self by continuing the investigation. The authors seem to have opted to confine their efforts to serving up a reprise of many attributable quotes from friends, enemies, and others who had cause to know Blunt. It is objective only when it is conceded that all journalists attempting history must select the material they favor. The now familiar versions of the beginnings of Blunt's treason remain barely illuminated, that is, without the light of analysis or new inter- pretations by the authors. Enough has been written and said about the Blunt case to permit a selective winnowing of the raw materials in support of a tentative viewpoint. Much energy has been spent in direct interviews and in the extraction of relevant comments from the many books, letters and manuscripts on the subject. Official documents are understandably few and not specifically identified (e.g., documents received under the US Freedom of Information Act). The presentation is clear and concise, the selected citations are very utilitarian and the photographs include many no; published previously. Why then does Conspiracy of Silence, after 546 pages leave the reader with the vague impression that the authors might have elected to reserve the more important disclosures, analysis and conclusions to a sub- sequent book? It is more difficult to fault the biographic data of Anthony Blunt's public life since it is as available as a table of weights and measures. These data comprise the chrcnology of the man's family, schooling, war service, writings and honors. Blunt's private life consists of a catalog of his calculated nay ghtiness, deceptions, sexual liaisons and adventures, detailed encugh to engage those readers with a continuing interest in the Cambridge-London demi-mode of the thirties and forties. With the public and private lives accounted, it is the "secret life" of the book's sub-title that cannot be found. In the minds of those who avocationally track the publicized revelations of Soviet espionage, the authors have spared the reader their best effort to describe the architecture of the Soviet activities and personnel that induced Blunt, Burgess, Philby and McLean, as well as a score of other Britons, to have wrought such devastation on their homes and country It seems difficult to imagine an enduring, productive espionage net in which the operative members had access to exceedingly sig- nificant data (known to have been communicated to Moscow) without professional directior and discipline. History suggests that espionage functionaries of the importance of B, B, P and McL are not immaculately conceived. The idea that witnessing hunger, unemployment, the general strike, social injustice or the conventional motives of then criminal sex, money and vengeance, in any admixture, might have resulted in "fully recruited" and professionally-trained Soviet agents in place, ranks with, but after, the equally romantic notion that babies are still found under bushes. The effect of the Cambridge spies must be seen as having given the USSR a great net advantage. It can be said that the damage to Britain included a massive loss of public confidence in the internal and external services since the departure of Burgess and McLean in 1951. Subsequent waves of peeks, leaks-and press speculation have kept the credibility and confidence level low. The public prints seem devoted to the thesis that the British services are peopled-by mem- bers selected on the basis of exaggerated eccentricity, social and school ties and, most of all, demonstrated poor judgment. The popular histories (e.g., Andrew and Knightley) of the services tend to focus on what Mr. Glenncannon would have called the "japes and Page 16 Periscope Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 drolleries" of past serving officers. The work of the services tends to be trivialized, though it is sometimes implied that, in the worst case, the organizations might serve a useful purpose to the degree that they accommodate otherwise unemployable men and women. This perspective has resulted in the depressing spectacle of British writers and popular historians trashing the reputations of service personnel, consistent with the model presented in Philby's testament from Moscow. It is a game that can be played by anyone with a destructive bent and sad that there are market forces (repre- senting public tastes?) that make these endeavors rewarding. The authors, like others writing on espionage-related matters, have displayed a seeming respect for Soviet sensitivities to the point of limiting themselves to identifying only four Soviets by name, one by alias and otherwise discreetly referring to the Soviet operators of the nets as "controller," "control," "Soviet case officer." "director of Soviet intelligence in the city," "a Russian," "the Soviets," "the Soviet service," etc., in the scant thirty points that touch on the truly "secret life" of the various English villains. The Soviet citizens who organized and directed the nets were professional NKVD (later KGB) officers, all of whom had at least one name, lived at a fixed address and had an ostensible occupation. More importantly, they main- tained continuity of contact with their British "assets" from the twenties through the late sixties. To neglect intensive examination of the Soviet personnel and methodology that made Soviet espionage prosper in England is to foreclose the search for a rational solution to the Blunt mystery. Early in the book (p.119), Leo Long is quoted as saying: "I have no idea how Blunt was recruited ...;" More than four hundred pages later, neither does the reader. [Robert T. Crowley, a member of AFIO's Board of Directors, is the co-author of the best-selling "The New KGB: Engine of Soviet Power."] Briefly Noted Knightley, Phillip, The Second Oldest Profession: The Spy as Bureaucrat, Patriot, Fantasist and Whore. New York: Norton, 1987. "Knightley argues that today's spy operations originated in fan- tasies of fiendish enemy machinations, that they use such fantasies to perpetuate and enlarge themselves and that many of spydom's legendary figures and accomplishments were fantasies as well." Pforzheimer Tells NE Chapter Of Intelligence Book Collecting by Elizabeth Bancroft National Intelligence Book Center, Inc. More than a hundred people gathered in New Haven at the December meeting of the New England Chapter to greet and listen to AFIO's vice president, Dr. Walter L. Pforzheimer, oft referred to as the "dean of intel- ligence literature." Dr. Pforzheimer covered his early days as a collec- tor of rare books and documents as well as his views of specific works in the literature of intelligence up to the present. Commenting first on a monograph by Sherman Kent, The Need for An Intelligence Literature, published CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 in 1955, Pforzheimer felt that Kent alone started most people thinking about writings in this field. By 1955, in- telligence clearly had become a true discipline and profession and Sherman Kent felt it essential it have its own literature. It was a view Professor Pforzheimer agreed with strongly and which guided him in his years of pulling together one of the most discriminating col- lections in this area. To emphasize the scarcity of intelligence literature at the beginning of World War II, Pforzheimer explained that about the only book available on German intel- ligence was The German Secret Service, by Col. Walter Nicolai. Though it was subsequently published in an English translation in London in 1924 (and republished in this country) it was so scarce during the war that it became a status symbol to have a copy of it in any form, photostat, mimeograph or whatever In an aside on OSS, Dr. Pforzheimer's contact with them started during WWII when that organization began to supplement Yale's War Collection with purchases in Europe. Pforzheimer first bought books on intelligence to learn more about OSS. "I never meant to collect," he explained. "I just wanted information." Subsequently, his field of interest was pushed backwards toward WWI by bookseller friends. And the famous collection was well underway. He cited some notable items in his collection. One is the well-known letter from George Washington in which he says: "the necessity of procuring good intel- ligence is apparent and need not be further urged." It was with that purchase, Pforzheimer recounted, that he had become a dedicated collector of the literature of in- telligence. Among the collections within his collection, Dr. Pforzheimer described "a couple of shelves" alleging FBI and CIA involvement in the assassination of John F. Kennedy. He further described a two-shelf collection dealing with the Soviet purge trials in the 20's and 30's. These are very scarce, he explained, because they have been stolen from the libraries by the "party faith- ful." He also indicated his possession of 19 of the 55 volumes of shredded and reassembled documents taken by the Iranian "students" from the Teheran Em- bassy. Although the text is in Farsi, the documents are reproduced in their original English. Pforzheimer's many comments about his ex- periences were filled with fascinating anecdotes and scholarly good humor--including his purchase of 103 Civil War spy documents which later proved to be stolen from the National Archives. It was obvious Dr. Pforzheimer has enjoyed his collecting passion (to the benefit of scores of others interested in this field) and he conveyed that passion with pleasure and excite- ment. Everyone--within and without the Community--felt grateful that Dr. Pforzheimer took Kent's monograph so seriously. Those feelings almost made unnecessary his closing comment: "do something to keep the literature of intelligence going." Winter 1987 Periscope Page 17 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Chapter Activities Arizona Arizona Chapter. The chapter held its end-of-summer meeting at the Ramada Inn, Tucson, on September 20th. Among the twenty-seven in attendance were guests Ralph E. Berstresser, Earl Jones and David GuMaer of Phoenix. Jack Kirchener of Phoenix was welcomed to chapter membership. The guest speaker was Lt. Larry Seligman, com- mander of the Pima County Sheriff's SWAT team. He ex- plained potential situations which might require calling the team into action and stressed liaison the department has established with activist groups in the county, both progressive and conservative. ;seventeen members enjoyed a ham buffet at the chapter's luncheon meeting November 15th at the Airport Central Inn, Phoenix. Welcomed to membership were Mr. and Mrs. Ari Kovacevich, Thomas Lancer and Mr. and Mrs. Richard McBride. The guest speaker was Robert Dacey, a local entrepreneur, who has been involved in business dealings on behalf of a US ally. The slate of chapter officers for 1987 was decided and the general locations established for the January (Green Valley or Tucson) and March (Phoenix) meetings. The March gettogether promises to be particularly interesting: an audience participation exercise in counterintelligence. California San Diego Chapter One. The November 21st meeting was held at the Admiral Kidd Club and featured chapter member Nick Yantzen's reminiscences of service with Naval Intelligence during World War II. The chapter's Christmas party was held December 16thi aboard the Ferry Boat Berkely, San Diego. San Francisco Bay Area Chapter. The October 22nd meeting opened with a briefing by chapter president Bill Green on events in the news related to intelligence matters. Russ Wiley, program chairman for the evening, intro- duced the guest speaker, Bernard Yo of Accuracy in Media. Yo discussed the trend in the news media of exposing secrets related to covert activities and national security which began with the Pentagon Papers. He noted that because of First Amendment protection of freedom of speech, it is difficult to establish controls on leaks to the press of such national secrets. He termed "unfortunate," the use of the term "disinfor- mation" to describe information disseminated by the US government to influence Libya and Quadaffi. Henceforth, Yo said, we will no longer be in a strong position to accuse others of disseminating disinformation. The speaker voiced the opinion that the news media remains one of the most dangerous weapons used against us by our enemies. He assured that he was not suggesting that the US media is communist or that its writers are enemy agents. Rather, they are "used" fre- quently to the detriment of the nation. He noted, for example, how the media frequently links events to the CIA, without basis, and the stories are then parrotted in the European press as factual. In some ways, this is the result of a consistent tendency in the press to criticize and report only negative news about the United States. Another concern is the frequent use of the saber- rattling term "Star Wars," rather than the correct terms SDI or Strategic Defense Initiative. Yo expressed concern about the nation's diminished military strength and said he felt that it is something about which all of us should be worried. "The war of words," he noted, "is the front line." If the US loses that war of words, we need no longer be concerned about the military, Yo said. The speaker observed that although national polls indicate that liberals constitute less than 12% of the population, the majority of the members of Congress are, indeed, liberals. He believes that this is because the liberal left news media knows how to communicate, to advocate, in an ideologically-based communication with its audience, while the average patriotic American is generally very conservative and doesn't like to make waves. The situation, Yo said, is now an emergency. On the world scene, he noted, twenty-five countries which were recently independent nations have lost their independence. One person out of three now lives under communism. The balance will soon be completely tipped, he said, because of those who believe that the risk of war to counter it will be too great. Communist nations are swallowing up more and more people, yet the US media seems to cover up their misdeeds and the horror stories. As one example, Yo noted that Samoza at his strongest had about 1,000 people in his jails; Today, 7,000 political prisoners are in Sandinista jails, yet we see little in the press about it. Yo recalled that in -1939 Moscow advised all com- munists not to identify themselves as such. Only on gaining control do so-called "progressive" movements show willingness to announce their true identity as com- munists. This, he reminced the audience, has been the case in both Cuba and Nicaragua. He invited those interested to join Accuracy in Media, presently 30,000 strong, and to receive its newsletter. Fol- lowing a brief question and answer period, the speaker was presented with a book, air views of San Francisco, by chapter president Bill Green. Twenty-five members and guests attended the November 19th meeting held at the Villa Chartier, San Mateo. The speaker, introduced by Sue Davis, was Dr. Angelo Codevilla, a senior fellow with the Hoover Institu- tion. Dr. Codevilla reviewed developments within the Intel- ligence Community during the past decade. It is his thesis that in the mid- 70's a group within the Community formed an informal alliance with the Church Committee in order to gain control and to purge "cold warriors" from the various intelligence organizations. One of the results, he pointed out, is that three-quarters of the higher-ranking CIA offi- cials have been forced out. Dr. Codevilla also said that changing membership on the intelligence oversight com- mittees has resulted in these bodies urging the Reagan administration to take a more activist role to reestablish the former efficiency of the Intelligence Community. He expressed serious doubts about our agencies' ability to cope with the problem of information collection, among others, and particularly the problems which would arise in the event of war. A lively question and answer period followed Dr. Codevilla's presentation. The chapter's Christmas meeting, held December 10th at the Presidio Army Officers Club, featured an open forum in a town meeting format. Slated for the January 14th meeting was Prof. Scott Norwood speaking on Page 18 Periscope Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 "Soviet Ideology: Creed of an Evil Empire?" for more information. Florida Southwest Florida Chapter. The chapter's October 30th meeting featured John Anson Smith briefing on the current status of FBI and CIA counterintelligence capabilities and the impact of restraining directives issued by former Attorneys General Levi and Bell. Planned for the January 28th meeting was a presenta- tion by Maj. Gen. James L. Dozier (USA-Ret), whose ordeal as a hostage of the "Red Brigade" captured national headlines. Montana Western Montana Chapter. An excellent presenta- tion, followed by questions and answers, given by Tom Duffy of Poison, Montana, on the history and current situa- tion in South Africa was the highlight of the chapter's winter meeting, November 14th, at the Missoula Country Club. With such an interesting subject, the chapter reports, it was too bad they couldn't extend the question time by another hour. But, unfortunately, the meeting had to be wrapped up early because of yet another advancing snow storm. It was remarkable that after a week-long snowfall and a fair accumulation of the necessary white stuff (for the next year's water supply) forty members and guests braved the elements to make the gathering one of the best to date. Almost all the chapter members, with the exception of past president Tom Nicholson, who was under the weather, and Walt Sedoff, who was busy in Idaho, attended along with the members of the Western Montana Military Officers Association (WMMOA) and their wives. A brief report on the AFIO convention in Orlando was presented by chapter president Dick Grant, with a reminder that the 1987 convention will be at Tyson's Corner in northern Virginia. During the meeting it was recommended that two pub- lications, Careers in Secret Operations by Dave Phillips and Teaching Intelligence in the Mid-1980s by the National Intelligence Study Center, be placed in as many high schools as practicable in Montana, starting with schools in western Montana. As the chapter has no dues require- ments, the subject of raising money, through dues, etc., will be high on the agenda for the Spring meeting. The '86 membership campaign was so successful under the leadership of two outstanding AFIO members, Bo Foster and Bob Ripley, that they have agreed to continue as key chairmen of their respective teams in al- ternating responsibility for obtaining speakers, etc., for future meetings. A toss of the coin by chapter vice-presi- dent Norm Larum determined the host for the Spring meeting. Two visitors requested AFIO membership forms. Another membership drive will be initiated in the Spring. "Woody" and Ellen Woodgate drove 300 miles, repeat 300 miles, roundtrip on icy and snow-packed roads from Boulder, Montana (south of Helena), to attend the meeting. The chapter salutes their dedication! Nevada Las Vegas. As Pat McMillen announced at the AFIO convention, members in Nevada are actively exploring the possibility of establishing a chapter in the Las Vegas area, serving Southern Nevada. Members in the region are urged to contact Roger E. McCarthy, 649 Arrayo Way, Boulder City, Nevada 89005, New England New England Chapter. The chapter held its regular quarterly meeting on December 6th at the Colony Inn, New Haven, Conn. The speaker was the acknowledged dean of intelligence literature, Dr. Walter L. Pforzheimer, vice-president of AFIO. Seventy-five members and guest attended, including six Yale students enrolled in intel- ligence courses and their professors, chapter members Brad Westerfield and Robin Winks. A number of AFIO members from other parts of the country were also present, including author Allan Furst (who won the long distance award for coming all the way from Bainbridge Island, Washington); author and former editor of The Foreign Intelligence Literary Scene, Tom Troy; NISC ex- ecutive director Hayden Peake and intelligence bibliophile Col. Russ Bowen. Also attending was SA Peter Crooks of the New Haven field office of the FBI. The meeting also featured displays by four chapter members who specialize in new and out-of-print intelligence and military books: Elizabeth Bancroft of the National Intelligence Book Center in Washington; Duane Whitehead of Bellows Falls, Vermont; Dan Halpin of Bedford, New Hampshire; and Jim Phillips of Williamstown, New Jersey. Dr. Pforzheimer's speech was, as anticipated, a unique tour de force. With his permission, his remarks were professionally recorded on cassette and will eventually become available through the National Intelligence Book Center with a portion of the proceeds accruing to the Chapter's scholarship fund. [A summary of Dr. Pforzheimer's remarks appears elsewhere in this issue.] Chapter president Mike Speers, in his introductory remarks, noted that "It is not unusual to get Walter and Yale together, not to get AFIO and Walter together, but it is a unique event to get Walter, Yale and AFIO together in one room." The Chapter marked the occasion by present- ing a check to the Yale Beinecke Library in Dr. Pforzheimer's honor. The check represents contributions from both the Chapter and certain Chapter members, as well as other AFIO friends and admirers of the speaker. Speers expressed the hope that it would provide seed money for further contributions and potentially assist Yale in the publication of a bibliography of the Pforzheimer in- telligence collection. Members wishing to make individual contributions to this fund should address such gifts to the attention of Mr. Ralph Franklin, Director, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, 1603 Yale Station, New Haven, CT. 06520 Gordon Graham's program at Rimon's Rock of Bard College has continued throughout the academic year and will conclude with a panel meeting of all participants in April. Dave O'Connor has been been well-received as a guest speaker at the Cambridge Boat Club, Cambridge, Mass, an adjunct of the Harvard- Tufts-Fletcher academic community. He continues as a guest lecturer in Lawrence Martin's program at Boston University and has been awarded a plaque for serving as a guest speaker for Lions International, Westwood, Mass. The chapter has now grown to 125 dues paying members, with much of the growth coming from word of mouth recruiting by our members as well as from news of our activities that appear in Periscope. The next meeting is tentatively scheduled for April 23rd at either Mystic, Conn., or Sturbridge, Mass. The chapter continues to share its meeting announcements with other AFIO chapters throughout the country with the hope that members of Winter 1987 Periscope Page 1S Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 those chapters who may be travelling in New England may be able to attend. New York Derek A. Lee Chapter. The chapter met December 15th at the Union Club, New York City, to hear The Honorable Vernon A. Walters, United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations. Slated for the January 21st meeting at the Princeton Club, was Lieutenant General James A. Abrahamson USAF, Director, Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). Ohio Northern Ohio Chapter. Former CIA officer John Horton was guest speaker at the chapter's October 21st meeting in Cleveland. Because of the speaker's message, major portions are included here: You have probably heard what Mark Twain said about good ideas, new ideas: The ancients stole all our good ideas from us." The good idea I offer you tonight has to do with history and is no more original than most ideas that come our way. You may even feel, as I go on, that I am only offering you the obvious. That would not be original either, but original or not, I ask you to consider the matter of history, of passing on what we have learned, setting the record straight. Bill Hood, who spoke to you last year, said not long ago when we were talking about how the CIA has been treated in print, that "the idiots are writing the history." (I think that's an accurate quote, Bill Hood at his liverish best.) Of course, we are told to avoid, as we get older, living too much in the past. We must be busy in the present, looking forward to new challenges. At this stage in life we may suspect that "challenge" is a euphemism for that non-paying volunteer job, some important com- munity service that we all want to see done just as long as we don't have to do it ourselves. So, I'm not issuing any challenges tonight; an invitation, rather. An invitation to consider history and, to begin with, genealogy. Despite being told not to dwell on the past, I daresay many of us here tonight have become interested in family, not only who we are but who we were. One of the tricks fate plays on us is infecting us with a lively interest in our forebears just when our parents or grandparents, the very ones who would have been worth debriefing on the subject, have gone on before us. An uncle or a great aunt may have pulled together the history of begats and we paw through that, trying to put faces to names, names to faces, wondering what they were like, what they did every day, those remote persons, more than friends but far less familiar than the friends around us. What were they like, these forebears, as persons? Or, finally to get to my point, what can we say of ourselves now that can help answer the questions our descendants one day will ask about us? ... My point is that we owe our descendants a better glimpse of us than they'll get in a photo album. And, selfishly, those of us who worked in intelligence want our descendants to have a clear picture of what we did: not a flattering or a romantic picture, but not someone else's warped propaganda line, either . . . If the truth does not get out it is because of our own neglect to speak or to write of what we know. If we don't put our testimony in the record, other voices--Bill Hood's idiots--will hold the historical floor. I'm talking now about the history of intelligence work and ad- dressing, now, in particular, those of you who spent part of your life in intelligence work. Remember the Church Committee investigations of the mid-70s? Maybe the reports that finally came out of the committee were more balanced than those breathless TV interviews, alive with dreadful im- plication, of Senator Church or of Congressman Pike. In mild defense of the committee reports themselves, one might say what Mark Twain said of a certain composer: "Wagner's music is better than it sounds." Even so: who reads those reports, anyway? Many people still, when they think of the CIA, for example, remember what came out on TV, the sensational stories in the press, or they half believe the mali- cious spy fiction that pictures the CIA as a conspiracy against their own country. It could be worse. We were trained to keep quiet about our work and we did until we saw that the others had the floor. AFIO members --at firsi it was Dave Phillips all by himself--have done much to restore balance to the history of the agency in particular and to intel- ligence work in general . . . History, meaning a careful account of what happened to us, how we reached decisions, the m stakes we made--perhaps the mistakes most of all--can help those who come after us. Our successors may react to our advice the way oir children did. Whether or not they pay attention to it is another matter and should not discourage us. Some- times in the CIA we knew the customers weren't reading our intel- ligence reports, but that wasn't an argument for closing down the agency. History has other uses than instruction or warning our succes- sors. There is still a great need to have our experiences in the public record. None of us here questions the need for good intelligence and we know that it will continue to be vital in the future. But let's admit that there are thoughtful people of good will who still have doubts about the place of intelligence work in our society. As long as such doubts persist, our government will have to be constantly justifying the place of intelligence work in foreign or domestic affairs. (Although when the first dramatic terrorist strike hits here, we all will ask: "Nhy wasn't it prevented?) When it comes to going on the public record, I suppose you know the rules. With the CIA it has to go through the Publications Review Board. I myself have found the Board reasonable, but I haven't tried to give away any secrets, either. If it is clearly still classified, in the case of the CIA, it should go into the CIA history. There is some fear in the CIA about encouraging us--as I am doing--to write our experiences even in a classified form for the History Staff. It is a typical conflict: on one hand an eagerness to get more into the record about operations or stations or events or cases that any one of us knew. On the other hand there is fear that we will get sloppy about it, become careless in handling material that should remain secret. I suppose other organizations have the same ambivalent attitude. One can understand the worry. I would not be talking to you now if I did not feel the risk small compared to the benefit. Dave Phillips reminded me that some people just won't write. It was once said of one of our gifted case officers that he approached a pen as though it was a copra. Dave said I should tell you: if you can't or won't write, tape it . . . I opened by saying that I had nothing original to say and I'll prove it finally by quoting Bismark to you: "History is simply a piece of paper covered with print; the main thing is still to make history, not to write it." But Oscar Wilde had the last word: "Anyone can make history; only a great mar can write it." [Mr. Horton made clear that he was not advocating that any intel- ligence veteran bound by an oath or contractual obligation of secrecy avoid procedures for vetting written or spoken material dealing with intelligence matters. The publication review process, for example, is there to serve you, to assist you in ensuring that your product does not inadvertentlj disclose currently classified material.] Texas Texas Chapter. The chapter's November 11th meeting was held at the Lyric Building, Houston, with seventy-five members and guests in attendance. Chapter president Fred Rodell opened the meeting with the Pledge of Allegiance, following which Bob Brown, who furnished the facilities for the meeting, described the qualifications for membership in AFIO and encouraged qualified guests to complete applications. President Rodell introduced the speaker, Sol Sanders, Page 20 Approved For Release 2004/1 pVc8FZ RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 noted writer and political analyst. Mr. Sanders has been a foreign correspondent for such publications as US News and World Report and Business Week. His latest book is Mexico: Chaos on Our Doorstep. The speaker noted the population explosion in Mexico which had resulted in the doubling of the population by the end of World War II, a doubling again in the 1980s and a predicted doubling again in the first decade of the next century. He noted the current Mexican economic crisis, pointing out that when oil went up in 1975 and down in 1980, that country went on a national drunken spree and borrowed from US banks, literally becoming bankrupt. Mexico's banks were nationalized, as was 85% of its industry. It became a battle between the peso and the dollar. Mr. Sanders observed that the deterioration of Mexico has caused more Mexicans to cross the border, creating employment problems. He noted that the communists have made progress with the literate organizations in Mexico and concluded that "We must have a tougher skin in dealing with Mexico." The Undelivered Letter: A Story of the "Free Press" Jeffery Kingery of the New England Chapter has learned that the mail sometimes does not go through. Especially when the return address is the Association of Former Intelligence Officers. Shown here is the envelope of a recent letter to Donna M. Donovan, editor of the Burlington Free Press, Burlington, Vermont. The envelope tells the story, the editor refused to accept it! What frightened the editor about a letter from AFIO's New England Chapter? To let our readers judge this unusual behavior of the "free press," Kingery's letter is repeated below: "Dear Ms. Donovan: "By training and personality I am a very accommodative person, and I practice trying to view events through other people's eyes. I am at a complete loss, however, to explain or understand the behavior of CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 the editors of the Free Press towards the Vermont Symposium on Intellgence and Foreign Policy. Other than the $400 ads that we placed with the Free Press the Symposium received no attention whatsoever. Paging through the local section of the paper I read about dog dipping in Jeffersonville, announcements of a visiting Nicaraguan Transport Minister, and an upcoming Conference of Women Leaders, but nothing about our Symposium. "Dr. Taplin, of Stowe, and I wrote, phoned, and visited the various offices of the Free Press, the city editor's office, the editorial director's office, the feature editor's office, and yet we were unable to obtain even an announcement in small type in the "What's Happening" section of the paper. "Five of our speakers are Vermonters, notable authors, academics, and intelligence professionals. Three of our speakers are widely known experts in their field of history, US foreign affairs, and international relations. We had 120 participants from all over New England. Our participants were able to comment authoritatively for WCAX TV on current terrorist attacks, the Daniloff affair, and other matters of current interest, yet, not a word in the BFP about any of it. I can't help but believe that the readers of the Free Press deserve better journalistic standards than that. "I am not writing just as an individual, but on behalf of the New England Chapter of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, and organizers of the Vermont Symposium on Intelligence and Foreign Policy. The goal of AFIO in these symposia is to promote a free and informed dialogue on the issues surrounding intelligence and our country's foreign policy. We would like to win some cooperation with northern Vermont's biggest and most widely read daily newspaper towards that end. Incidentally, we are not interested in confrontation. This is a personal letter to the editor, not intended for the editorial page." Terrifying stuff, what? One can only conclude that Ms. Donovan and her paper have closed minds when it comes to the free exchange of ideas and opinions on national issues. We hope the visiting Nicaraguan Transporl. Minister and the Sandinista government appreciated the publicity they seem to have had no trouble in getting from the so-called Burlington Free Press. Deadline for.. Next Issue April 15, 1987 Winter 1987 Periscope Page 21 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 From the.. President's Desk A monthly publication I read regularly is Early Warning, issued by Mid-Atlantic Research Assocates, Inc., P.O. Box 1523, Washington, D.C. 20013. The editors are John Rees. Robert Moss and Arnaud de Borchgrave (presently on leave). You may recognize the latter two as co-authors of those excellent novels on disinformation, The Spike and Moriimbo. The January, 1987 issue of Early Warning contained an article which particularly caught my eye. It began: The furor over the US-Iran arms deal is a godsend not only to the political adversaries of the Reagan administration, but also to those who would like to weaken US intelligence. It is not impossible that this was part of the calculation of those in Teheran who encouraged secret US-Israeli overtures in the first place, creating an illusory network of Iranian "moderates" to snare and subsequently humiliate the US administration in much the same manner that the first chief of Soviet secret intelligence hatched a chimerical `anti-Bolshevik underground' in the notorious `Trust' operation of the early 1920s. Whatever the precise origins . . . the multiple probes that have been launched could leave the US intelligence community more demoralized and eviscerated at the close of the Reagan years than it had following the `high morality' Carter period." This calls to mind the anti-intelligence hearings and probes of the mid-70s which gave birth to AFIO. In the interim, our members have done much in their writings and speeches to improve the image of our national intelligence community. Warning signs being raised now indicate US intelligence agencies may well be facing further potholes and pitfalls in the road immediately ahead. This makes our raison d'etre even more vital. However, we might well heed the following word of caution raised by AFIO's Executive Committee: The events which have come, and will continue to come, under public scrutiny in Washington, particularly those relating to Iran and Nicaragua, are obviously of the keenest interest to all our membership. However, it is of great importance that AFIO not be seen as prejudging events, including possible violations of law or proposed revisions of Intelligence Community statutory authorities, or taking partisan positions in connection therewith. This is in no way meant as an attempt to limit the expression of personal views, but solely to prevent such views as appearing to represent an AFIO position at this time. Any public statements by AFIO officers (including chapter personnel) appearing to speak in their official capacity should be most circumspect in this regard. If you have any questions on this matter, please contact Headquarters. Ray Wannall Purpose AFIO was organized in 1975 by former intelligence personnel from the Federal military and civilian intel- ligence and security agencies. Its purpose is to promote public understanding o'', and support for, a strong and responsible national intelligence establishment. AFIO believes that effective intelligence is the nation's first line of defense against surprise from abroad, subver- sion at home and possibly dangerous miscalculation by our national leaders in the conduct of foreign and defense policy. AFIO therefore holds that reliable intelligence is es- sential to the cause of peace. In pursuing its objectives, AFIO Works closely with appropriate committees of the congress regarding legislation affecting the intel- ligence agencies, responds to congressional re- quests for its views and information on intelligence matters, and is frequently called upon to testify on specific legislative proposals. Through its network of local chapters across the nation, provides speakers for discussion of national security issues before civic, academic and profes- sional groups. Promotes educational programs explaining the role and importance of intelligence. ? Provides participants for network and local TV and radio programs on national security issues. Is frequently consulted by scholars, authors, jour- nalists and TV producers on intelligence matters. Monitors media treatment of intelligence and security issues and, where inaccuracies and distor- tions occur, attempts to set the record straight. Distributes to its members a quarterly publication with news, views and book reviews relating to intel- ligence, and a quarterly digest of current news com- mentary. PERISCOPE is published quarterly by the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, McLean Office Building, 6723 Whittier Ave., Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101. Phone (703) 790-0320. Officers of AFIO are: W. Raymond Wannall ............................................ President Dr. Walter L. Pforzheim er ............................Vice President Robert J. Novak ......................................................Treasurer Charlotta P. Engrav ................................................Secretary John K. Greaney .................................... Executive Director Edward F. Sayle ...............................Editor of PERISCOPE Page 22 Periscope Winter 1987 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Military Intelligence Rebuilt Says DIA Director Williams "The U.S. Intelligence Community today has the confidence and enjoys the full support of the present administration," Lt. Gen. James A. Williams, USA, told the AFIO spring luncheon on April 12th. A major factor, the DIA Director said, has been the valuable historical perspective DCI William J. Casey brings to his management of the Community. "Thanks in large measure to his efforts, DIA now has an excel- lent day to day working relationship with its intelligence organization counterparts. Senior leadership has never been more cohesive." LG Williams noted. DIA, he said, has increased significantly the visibil- ity, objectivity and utility of military intelligence esti- mates at all levels of government, especially for Con- gress. In addition, the DCI has tasked DIA with more such estimates because of a desire to exploit the exper- tise there. "He wants a product that is not pasteurized, homogenized or footnoted to death." Within DoD, the Lt. Gen. James A. Williams Director of DIA unified substantive effort carried out by DIA plays an contact on attache military matters. This has had the integral role in providing the threat estimates and valida- result, he said, of a quantum increase in coverage and tion to support acquisition of U.S. weapon systems, he quality reporting. added. In the scientific and technical intelligence area, LG LG Williams recalled the beginnings of DIA, in Williams noted, there has been a DoD-wide integration 1961, when a small contingent of officers and civilians of requirements, resource allocations and tasking res- moved into a few hundred feet of borrowed floor space ponsibilities in the production of finished intelligence on in the Pentagon. Today, its personnel work in four foreign weapons systems. Washington-area locations and at over ninety attache Since 1977, DIA analysts staff the National Military and liaison offices abroad. Intelligence Center, the nation's primary alert center for Phased development of the Agency since that time indications and warning of impending crises. Located in has seen an amalgamation of service operational intelli- the Pentagon next to the National Military Command gence support, creation of a consolidated and uniform Center, the DIA unit produces all source current military scientific intelligence production program and consoli- intelligence for worldwide distribution and produce and dation of Defense intelligence training and career devel- disseminate terrorist threat warnings. Serving the Intel- opment. The result, he said, is that today's military ligence Center is DIA's Collection Coordination Facility intelligence products far exceed in quality, timeliness which facilitates the coordination and tasking of various and depth that which was provided previously. Duplica- imagery, signals, radar and human collection resources. tion has been reduced and broad geographical and func- In the fiscal and resource area, LG Williams said, tional expertise developed. In the process, LG Williams the Director, DIA, serves as program manager of the said, "The spirit of competitive analysis is continually General Defense Intelligence Program. This gives DoD a encouraged so that U.S. policymakers are able to con- central planning and management capability to review sider fully diverse points of view." intelligence objectives and priorities in terms of eco- Another benefit stemming from the creation of DIA nomic feasibility, costs, risks and benefits. Thus, he is the Defense Attache System. Since 1965, when DIA added, "An assessment can now be made of the relative became the single focal point on all attache matters, chiefs of mission now have access to a single point of (continued on page 2) Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 DIA Director (continued from page 1) contribution the various intelligence disciplines can make toward achieving specific objectives and ensure that, within fiscal restraints, equitable distribution of intelli- gence resources to the military departments is effected." During President Reagan's first term, he said, the Intelligence Community has experienced a rebuilding of many of the capabilities lost in the 1 970's. New collec- tion systems have been authorized by Congress and the budget has enjoyed a rapid growth. An example of this, said LG Williams, is the Defense Intelligence Analysis Center, at Bolling-AFB. Dedicated last year, the Center ,"symbolizes a new DIA," bringing together in one modern, highly efficient facility, DIA's basic research personnel, its scientific and technical experts and those who develop defense intelligence estimates. The building also fea- tures a crisis support center to produce timely intelli- gence support both to the national level at Washington and to the operational commander in the field. The Defense Intelligence College, accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, offers the nation's only master's degree in strategic intelligence, and is the focal point of all DoD general intelligence training and education. Course curriculums range from management to space. DIA is also searching for solutions. "it does little good, for example, to design a new collection resource to dump volumes of information via a real time data link to a mobile ground station if the information then has to be laboriously hand-plotted on a map for the tactical commander." The long-term search for solutions cen- ters on an early 1 990's timeframe, and addresses not only communications hardware shortfalls, but also pro- cedural, policy and organizational issues and the flow of intelligence to operational users. Other priorities include active support of the new national narcotics border interdiction system, around the clock monitoring of terrorist-related activities world- wide and the continuing and exhaustive search for POW/MIAs in Southeast Asia. Through all this, the Soviet Union remains the greatest threat to world peace. To meet this challenge, DIA has initiated new efforts to address the subject of treaty non-compliance, space, chemical and biological warfare and technology transfer. Looking beyond the-1980s, LG Williams sees a sus- tained transformation of DIA into a strong competitive center of analysis within the Intelligence Community. It will be reaching out to even larger audiences as a result of advances in high technology. For example, through closed circuit television Defense Attaches will be provid- ing on-the-spot analytical coverage of crises and com- mands will be contributing live commentary on daily events within their theaters. Finished intelligence will be distributed on a near realtime basis, and fifth genera- tion computers will see the beginnings of semi-auto- mated intelligence analysis. Artificial intelligence will be used to monitor reports, read books and newspapers, draw information from other data bases, and widen the DIA analyst's working capabilities. The future will see more broad-brush intelligence for national-level consumers and even greater detailed intelligence to operational force commanders, both in a near realtime environment. "We will be able to deliver it to the Secretary of Defense at his desktop or in his car," the DIA Director said. We in AFIO are saddened by the passing of Derek A. Lee on April 11, 1985. He had served with OSS from 1943 until 1946 and he had been an AFIO Life Member since 1976. He founded, and was the first President of the Greater New York Chapter and served as a member of AFIO Board of Directors from 1978 through 1984. He was devoted to the goals of AFIO. The family suggests, for those members wishing to make a memorial contri- bution, The Apprenticeship, Rockport, Maine 04856. Please make the following changes in your Directory on pages 103-104, AFIO CHAP- TERS WITH THEIR ADDRESSES: ARIZONA Col Robert A. Nugent. USAF(Ret.) Secretary/Treasurer 4191 Ave. de Montezuma Tucson, AZ 85749 (602) 749-2687 COLORADO Mr. Charles D. Rockhill, Jr. Secretary/Treasurer P.O. Box 9886 Colorado Spring, CO 30932 (303) 632-5120 FLORIDA Suncoast Chapter Tel: (813) 251-4404 NEW MEXICO Mr. Thomas J. Smith President 12711 Hugh Graham Rd., NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 (505) 293-3676 OHIO Mr. L. Fred Lewton Vice President 28131 Coolidge Drive- Euclid, OH 44132 (216) 731-2463 TEXAS Lone Star Chapter Maj Joel E. Siskovic, USAF Vice President 6401 Cairo Drive San Antonio, TX 78229 (512) 681-9673 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 2. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 NOTES FROM NATIONAL Taking a leaf from the politician's notebook, the Executive Director went to visit the three Florida chap- ters to find out what they thought would be the best plans for the 1986 location with good highways for the Floridians and plenty of airlines to choose the best fare possibilities. The recommendation that September was too hot was unanimous and we were able to set the date for October 17 and 18, 1986. While there are many inter- esting attractions in the Orlando area, we have to assume that most of the people who live in Florida will have visited them at their own convenience. However, the hotel has agreed to give convention attendees the special room rates for five days before and five days after the convention. As soon as you think of Orlando, Disney World comes to mind and, without a doubt, Epcot Center is a must place to visit if you have not been there recently. There are additional interesting things in the area such as Sea World and the Kennedy Space Center at Cape Canaveral for visits. We would also consider the possibility of an AFIO golf day either before or after the convention if there is enough interest. There appears to be a group rate with a discount if there are 40 players signed up. The most important thing about the convention being held in Orlando is to have as many possible of the 350 AFIO members in Florida attend the Convention. The chapters have done quite well with their getting speakers of interest and using military clubs for their meetings, but as with all who try to schedule programs, the availability of good speakers is very limited. National will try very hard to make the agenda interesting. We were certainly disappointed about the Naples Symposium having to be cancelled this year but the sponsors have agreed to resume the Symposium next year with the date set for May 5, 1986, in Naples, Florida. Probably the question asked most frequently by AFIO members is, "When is the next pamphlet coming off the presses?" Unfortunately, we do not have any in pipeline at this time and we would welcome any mono- graphs which members may care to submit. It should be understood that each author is responsible for getting the necessary security clearance, if required. AFIO is interested in pieces which relate to the intelligence pro- fession and are approximately 10,000 words. They should also be topics which are suitable for use in col- lege seminars. We are pleased with our new IBM PC equipment in the National Office and Gretchen Campbell has offered to prepare address labels for chapter mailings, if you will send a list of the ZIP codes included in your chapter area. This new equipment prints the labels for the entire AFIO mailing list in 90 minutes. It is our feeling that this service might help the chapter get the mailings prepared easier. We do not think it advisable to try to mail the notices from National since our third class mailing per- mit requires a minimum of two hundred pieces per mail- ing. In that connection we have had reports from some members that the Periscope takes as long as three weeks to be delivered, which is beyond our control. If chapters are interested in selling the AFIO pins to raise money for the chapter treasury, we will make them available to the chapters at cost. The response of members who converted to life membership has been encouraging. We would like to remind each regular member that the dues for AFIO are tax deductible and if a member wishes to make install- ment payments toward the $250 total, this method is acceptable so long as the full amount ($250) is paid within 12 months. We would like to have members tell us if they are willing to give talks to civic groups or schools and what topics they would like to discuss. It would be useful for the chapters to have such a list and we would also like to have such a list in National. We do get many inquiries from the media from all over the country and we would appreciate being able to suggest a local person for an interview if we have the information. To take a phrase from the old radio shows, please keep your cards and letters coming, because that is how your organization can grow the way you, the members, want it. - -John K. Greaney Donations The following members have generously contributed an amount equal to or exceeding one year's annual dues. CAPT Albert Benjamin, USNR(Ret.) Charlottesville, VA Mr. Henry L. Berman is Audubon, PA Mr. John W. Bussman Woodbridge, CT Lt Col Louis W. Cunningham, USAF(Ret.) Suttons Bay, MI Mr. Mike S. Gonakis Euclid, OH Mr. H. Gates Lloyd Haverford, PA Mr. Newton S. Miler Placitas, NM Mr. Robert R. Musselwhite Holly Hill, FL Mr. Michie F. Tilley Greenville, TX M- Mark Flag Day on Calendar The Summer meeting of AFIO will be held on M Fla Da Nino 14th at the Rnllinn APR Officers' g y Club. IN M, Dr. Albert D. Wheelon, PFIAB-guest speaker Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 3 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 On the Intelligence Bookshelf , , , accept the sad fact that Commerce considers itself a spokesman for business first and the U.S. Government second It is there to promote Current books of interest to intelligence buffs and watchers of the world scene. All reviews are by AFIO members except when otherwise noted. The Enemy, It Appears, Is Us The Techno Bandits by Linda Melvern, David Hebditch and Nick Anning. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1984. $15.95. This is an important and certainly controversial book. It is tour de force of the Russian and Communist bloc pirating U.S. and European advanced technology. The.authors are British, with experience and talents in investiga- tive reporting and computer systems. As such, they speak with con- siderable and unbiased authority on the root causes of the draining of secret hi tech data and equipment to the East and, most importantly, examine dispassionately the bureaucratic weaknesses which con- tinue to permit such loss. The topic of technological theft from the United States has been highlighted in the media for some time, with most such reports fin- gering the KGB as the active thief. This book proves this is not exactly so and that the KGB has been content to orchestrate its campaign quite nicely through third country businessmen whose primary con- cern is to "make a buck." Moscow offers a very sweet deal indeed for those who wish to take the time and risk to buy and export hi tech commodities that are banned by the U.S. for export to the Communist bloc. The book itself is quite well written, although at times its great emphasis on research in the field and its almost stultifying account of the U.S. Government's internal feuding may tempt one to skip a few pages. Nonetheless, the anecdotal approach of the authors makes for fascintating, if unhappy, reading. The most successful and infamous technobandits are profiled and their successes described. Yet, when apprehended such people are either set free on technicalities or, at worst, serve only a few years in prison. The rewards offered by the Soviets are evidently so great and the sentences of those appre- hended so minor, as to make the systematic theft of vital hi tech information and equipment worth the risk. One is reminded of the Current emphasis on combatting the drug trade and the relatively minor sentences handed out by local courts to those who have been proven to be involved. This book documents the fact, little understood by the American public, that it is the Soviet's clever use of third world and American businessmen that provides such technological rewards. It is not the KGB or even the GRU, operating legally or illegally; it is our own gullible, or hungry, or simply amoral businessman, who works closely with an ostensibly clean foreign source to provide whatever he can. However, the most important and well documented portion of this book deals not with the mostly successful activities of the Soviets, but with the abysmal muddle that our own government has managed to contrive for itself in terms of policing and preventing such damaging activities. The basic problem appears to be two-fold, one of which is that the division of responsibilty for monitoring and prevent- ing such Soviet actions is divided between two U.S. government entities, the Customs Service and the Department of Commerce. The two have never been able to sort out their respective responsibilities and the Commerce Department (which, unlike Customs, lacks the power of arrest) is shown to have been defending its turf vigorously in what is rightly perceives as a "growth industry." The book goes into so much detail about the ensuing bureau- cratic battle that it sometimes becomes too much for the reader to follow. It establishes clearly that the absence of cooperation and coordination between these two federal agencies has harmed our overall effort in controlling Sovietefforts to steal our sensitive tech- nology and equipment. The open warfare between Customs and Commerce detailed in this book makes for unhappy reading. Com- merce, it seems, considers itself the keeper of The Final Word on what can and cannot be exported to the Bloc. Customs is in the business of actually stopping such exports and arresting the techno- bandits responsible. The Commerce Department is viewed as a self- protective and hidebound old-line department that perceives Customs as an interloper which often fails to document its actions with the requisite quantity of memoranda and justifications. One must also exports and predisposed, one suspects, to favor the poor, downtrod- den hi tech firm anxious to make a quick buck. The second and most immediate problem is the continuing dis- agreement between all concerned branches of the government as to exactly what technology is to be denied. It is reported that several departments, including the DoD and Commerce, have their own massive lists, described as containing literally thousands of items many of which can be obtained from our allies without sanction or which have long since been passed in some manner to the Soviets. There is a clear need to rationalize this list. Overall, the message of Techno Bandits can be summed up by the amusing paraphrase of Admiral Perry's dispatch, "We have met the enemy and he is us." During his address to the November 1984 meeting of the New England Chapter of AFIO, General Eugene Tighe was asked his opin- ion as to how best to combat the continuing successes of the techno- bandits. He replied that the first order of business was for the government to decide exactly what it wished to deny the Soviets by checking to see what they already possess and what is easily avail- able from our allies in equivalent technology. Only when the present list of proscribed items (described by some as exceeding the length of the New York City telephone directory) is reviewed and reduced can a rational start be made in tackling this urgent problem. General Tighe's remarks were made in the context of a question as to whether he advocated placing the problem with the U.S. intelligence commun- ity. He indicated in his response that the answer to such a question would first depend on cleaning our own house and cutting down the present, massive list of banned items. The authors make a persuasive case in favor of bureaucratic change and streamlining. When faced with a similar problem some years ago, the U.S. Government created the Drug Enforcement Administration Clearly, some such solution is required in this case. To continue to permit the Commerce Department to have a role in combatting the leakage of sensitive technology to the East is analo- gous to making the Department of Interior the senior partner to the FBI in domestic counterintelligence. Read this book even though it will leave you both angry and frustrated. [Michael F. Speers is co-publisher, with British author Nigel West, of the forthcoming Intelligence Quarterly to be published simultane- ously in Britain and the U.S. He is president of the New England Chapter ofAFIO. ] A Yarn of Defectors, Spies and Diplomats Geneva Accord by John T. Whitman 1985. $14.95 Our fellow AFIO member, John Whitman, has written a good intelligence novel, Geneva Accord, at just about the right time. Former DCI Richard Helms says of it, in the dust jacket blurb, "It is a good yarn, with an intriguing mix of espionage and U.S.-Soviet confrontation." This reviewer, no admirer of most spy fiction, agrees. Whitman brings some impressive credentials to the writing of this book. His thirty year career in CIA was marked by a steady ascendency up the seniority ladder of analysis of Soviet policy. Perhaps more important for this novel were the two years he spent, 1977-79, as the CIA representative at the SALT talks in Geneva. That the author absorbed well the events of those two years is endorsed (again in a jacket blurb) by Paul Warnke, former chairman of the U.S. SALT dele- gation. Warnke writes: "I can attest to its faithfulness in describing the substance and the personal interactions of arms control negotiations." And how lucky could Whitman be in bringing out his book in January 1985, a few weeks before the Americans and the Soviets planned to sit down for another go at it in Geneva? Maybe we should send copies to the delegates The hero of this novel is a CIA Soviet analyst named George Inigo who is rushed to Geneva to replace his murdered predecessor there. (You'll have to read the book to find out whodunit). Dead bodies can be lively. Only the other day, this reviewer ran into an old colleague who happily announced that he was the predecessor who had been mur- (continued on page 5) Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 4 N A E ed For a 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Michael F. Speers is the U.S. editor of the Intelli- gence Quarterly, a newsletter which begins publication HERE AND THERE in April. Emphasizing the international aspects of the publication, British author Nigel West will serve as the Dr. Alvin Buckelew, has been selected to receive Commonwealth editor. Included in the first issue are the George Washington Freedom Foundation Medal for excerpts from David Atlee Phillips' new book and arti- his publication, "The Reality of Terrorism." He also was cles by James Bamford and Prof. Douglas L. Wheeler. a featured speaker on terrorism at a session of the For further information write: Intelligence Quarterly, Model United Nations held in January at San Francisco, P.O. Box 232, Weston, VT. 05161. and moderated a February seminar, "Spies and Spying," sponsored by UCLA extension. Other AFIO members John Patrick Quirk has embarked on a new pub- speaking at the seminar were Joe Wilson Elliott and G. lishing venture, Foreign Intelligence Press, which will Wallace Driver. feature books on the intelligence profession. An illus- Douglas Blaufarb, James Murray Henry, William trated book on CIA is slated to be the first of a series on Hood, William R. Johnson, John F. Blake, and David international intelligence organizations. Special empha- Atlee Phillips have agreed to serve on the editorial sis will be placed on books for young people and text- board of the forthcoming International Journal of /ntelli- books at the high school and university level. For more gence and Counterintelligence. For more information on information write: Foreign Intelligence Press, 42 Boston the journal, write IJIC, P.O. Box 183, Stroudsburg, PA Post Road, Guildford, CT 06437. 18390. Thomas N. Moon advises that his book, "The The Operation Friendship Foundation (600 deKalb Deadliest Colonel," about Col. Carl F. Eifler of OSS has Pike, P.O. Box 326, King of Prussia, PA. 19406) will been scripted and budgeted for a Hollywood production. sponsor a "Symposium of Unsung Heroes" at Luxem- Copies of the book are still available from P.O. Box 1831, bourg City, Luxembourg, August 11-18, to unite mem- Garden Grove, CA 92642. bers of WWII resistance and underground organizations, British SOE and OSS. David Atlee Phillips is writing a commemorative The Alamo Scouts Association will meet at Ann article about Richard Welch, to be published in December Arbor, MI., June 13-15. For further information contact on the 10th anniversary of Welch's assassination. Pro- Mayo Stutz (703) 938-8176 or Col. Robert S. Sumner ceeds from the article are earmarked for the Richard S. (USA-Ret) (813) 876-4667. The Alamo Scouts organi- Welch Memorial Fund at Harvard. Members who have zation was formed in the Pacific Theater during WWII unclassified anecdotes or reminiscences about Welch after OSS was excluded from intelligence operations are urged to contact Phillips, P.O. Box 17320, Bethesda, there. MD. 20817. Phillips would also welcome hearing from Intelligence Bookshelf (continued from page 4) dered in the first chapter of Whitman's book! (This is not a clue.) Despite the novel's unusual printed disclaimer that "Any resemblance to actual events or persons, living or dead, is entirely coincidental," old hands will probably be unable to resist match-ups. It won't get you very far. Inigo's life in Geneva is quickly complicated by his falling for an East German lady scientist, which allows for the usual threads and beds to be woven into the story. Then a member of the Soviet delega- tion offers to become a defector-in-place and supply Inigo with the Soviet fall-back positions on the negotiations. This puts Inigo smack into the middle of intelligence operations, for which he is not equipped. The operations are so secret that Inigo can communicate them only to the DCI. Eventually, the latter tells the President, who then tells the NSC, which tells ... The operation leaks to the press. This tends to both complicate and help the plot. Somehow, Inigo comes through with reasonably flying colors, despite some nasty brushes with CIA counterintelligence types who not untypically are concerned with security, moles and CIA employees who sleep with East German scientists and are in contact with members of the Soviet delegation. This reviewer always divides spy fiction into two categories. Either the book is carried primarily by one's interest in the characters, or it is the plot that makes it go. Geneva Accord falls into the latter category. In this volume, one eagerly waits to turn to the next page to find out what is going to happen-the sign of a good novel of this genre. The author's knowledge and the use of the background against which the story is written, in its descriptions of the SALT negotiating sessions and the informal get-togethers among the participants, makes for a good deal more realism than in many other first novels in this field. It is a good read. AFIO members of any anecdotes dealing with DCI rela- tionships with U.S. Presidents and Secretaries of State or which clarify DCI stance on covert action. He will use the material in a book-in-progress, "Company Directors and Covert Action." AFIO has received an inquiry from 1st Lt. Donald J. D. Mulkerne (AUS-Ret) seeking to contact the military intelligence personnel who interrogated three Germans he captured at Pon-A-Mousson about September 13- 18, 1944. As Mulkerne recalls the incident, he was returning with the prisoners and met at least six officers presumed to be MI, who began immediate interrogation of the Germans. He can be cohtacted at 79 Jordan Blvd., Delmar, NY 12054. Members with OSS experience are being sought to contribute articles to a special issue of the Journal of Contemporary History. For further information, contact David Leland Thomas, 10206 Frederick Avenue, Ken- sington, MD. 20895. The widow of a former CIA officer, Yoshio Joseph Kiyonaga, has written "Remembrances of a CIA Wife," which appears in the March issue of Washingtonian magazine. According to Bina Kiyonaga, "At the start of each school year, Joe's office would categorize our children's classmates, listing their parents' jobs, political affiliations, family connections, club memberships, as well as any known weaknesses. Then Joe would deter- mine possible targets and suggest that his children get to know certain schoolmates well." She doesn't indicate whether the children were expected to recruit their classmates. Hollywood is said to be interested in the has a kind word for intelligence fiction and those who write or read it. ] story. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved AF1O Chapter Activities Arizona Chapter. The chapter met February 9th at the Thunder Mountain Inn in Sierra Vista. At the lunch- eon meeting, the twenty-four members were joined by eighteen guests. Among them were Major General and Mrs. Thomas Weinstein, Don Perry of the San Diego chapter and Lt. Col. Rudolph Levy (Ret). General Wein- stein, who is commandant of the U.S. Army Intelligence Training Center, spoke on the mission of the school and extended an invitation to tour the facility. Lt. Col. Levy, who has had extensive experience with worldwide terrorism, presented a very timely and poignant talk on international terrorism and political violence. The chapter April 13th. Kirkpatrick addressed issues of credibility of the press, pointing out that newspapers unfortunately have been lumped into the term "media" alongside television news. He charged that TV news has become entertain- ment based on huge profits and that this has generated a style of reporting quite different from the quality of journalism exemplified by the New York Times (one of the speaker's 'favorite" newspapers). He stated that the press hides behind the First Amendment as readily as the military invokes "national security" to cover embar- rassments. Yet, the "dictatorial reign", of newspapers has ended, and many publications which did not learn this have ceased to exist. The Examiner accepts this and is trying to change. Mr. Kirkpatrick characterized his newspaper as the only newspaper in the Bay Area with a conscience, citing its coverage of the Oakland drug wars. Regarding the Examiner's Washington bureau, the speaker pointed out that it takes a great deal of time, money and energy to learn what is going on in D.C., and that one young reporter simply cannot step into such a task. The Examiner's Washington bureau is very small and was contrasted with the New York Times' bureau which hires many specialists, e.g. lawyers to report solely on the Supreme Court. Mr. Kirkpatrick concluded that newspapers must stand on their own, apart from TV, and must hire experts who are schooled in subjects they are reporting on, especially when writing news analyses. In that way, he said, the press may regain its credibilty with the public. Kirkpatrick concluded the evening by answering some ticklish questions from the floor. San Diego Chapter. Fifty members and guests at the chapter's February meeting heard Lt. Joe Riordan describe his role as an intelligence officer in the U.S. Coast Guard and as southwest border regional liaison for the Presidential Task Force on Organized Crime and Drug Enforcement. An ex-California Highway Patrol officer, Riordan showed slides depicting drug trafficking routes, methods of packaging, Coast Guard boarding activities at sea, and other aspects of the effort. He noted that U.S. Navy and U.S. Air Force reconnaissance assists the Coast Guard in tracking suspect ships and aircraft. Other assistance comes from the principal suppliers of foreign narcotic intelligence: the Treasury Department, the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Department of Transportation and the National Security Agency. According to Riordan, much drug traffic originates from the jungle west coast of Columbia where it is easy to hide ships in bays and inlets which dot the rugged coast and along rivers. That part of Columbia is con- trolled by rebel factions, not the government, he noted. The smuggling vessels can be anything from an old U.S. presidential yacht like the recently impounded Potomac to ocean-going freighters. Often they are older vessels that can no longer compete for legitimate cargo. One particular tip-off of a drug carrier, he said, is a small or old "chamber pot" bristling with radio and multiple navi- gational system antennas. Some of them may have $100,000 worth of such equipment, he added. According to Riordan, Atlantic and Gulf Coast pas- sages are easier for the Coast Guard to interdict; the West Coast is the most difficult. (For the West Coast, the California San Francisco Bay Area Chapter. The chapter's January meeting, was held at the Marines' Memorial. The meeting was called to order by chapter president Roger McCarthy, and following the pledge of allegiance, vice president (programs) Ed Rudka offered, in Chinese, toasts of friendship, health and prosperity to honored guests Tang Shubei, Consul General of the People's Republic of China, Liang Wenfend, wife of the consul, Vice Consul Yan Xiaoming and Xie Dongna, wife of the vice consul. The invocation preceding the dinner was offered by the Rev. Ward McCabe. Al Bukelew then presided over the election of off ic- ers for 1985. Elected were Roger McCarthy, president; Ed Rudka, vice president (programs); Tom Dickson, vice president (membership); Jim Quesada, treasurer; Sue Davis, secretary; and Harold Christensen, Janet Aitken and Ricco Alcantar, executive board. Ed Rudka introduced guest speaker Tang Shubei, Consul General of the PRC. In his prepared remarks the Consul offered statistics on his country's imports and exports and the direction of Sino-US trade. He character- ized 1984 as a "successful year," citing President Rea- gan's visit to the PRC and Premier Zhao's visit to the U.S. The increasing number of visas issued between the two countries and an unprecedented number of PRC students studying on American campuses were also mentioned as signs of improving relations. The Consul General talked of the PRC's need to set up new enter- prises, to update old ones, and to exploit energy re- sources. He indicated that his country has opened its door to world trade and will never close it again. He noted that the PRC is seeking relations with all coun- tries, industrialized and Third World. In this he brought out that Taiwan is the key problem in Sino-US relations, mentioning that there are many families seeking a peaceful settlement through "reunification." The meeting adjourned after an informal question and answer session and the final benediction by Father McCabe. The February meeting at the Marines' Memorial featured John A. Kirkpatrick, metropolitan editor of the San Francisco Examiner, speaking on "The Tyranny of the Press." Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 6 closest "choke ADDroved For Release 2004/11/01 po t in awaii.) Interestingly, he observed that the origin of marijuana can usually be determined by how it is packaged. Smugglers often hit San Diego harbor on Saturdays when about 8,000 berth- ings might take place, with the drug merchants often joining the "beer can races" in an effort to appear legit- imate. Many smugglers in the Gulf of Mexico, he said, now are resisting interdiction and a Coast Guard cutter was recently rammed by one of them. Generally, Rior- dan said, a Coast Guard cutter will inspect from 30 to 60 ships during a 30-day patrol, adding that it is not unus- ual to tail a ship by sea and air for weeks. In stopping uncooperative ships on the high seas, the Coast Guard will first attempt to foul the smuggler's screws with cargo nets or pour water down the smoke stack. If that doesn't work, the cutter will obtain permission from the Commandant to shoot. Once approval is gained, it will warn the smuggler in two languages that the cutter is going to shoot at the rudder and engine room, then lob a round across the renegade's bow. The speaker noted that cocaine is much more diffi- cult to locate in ship searches than is marijuana. The average cocaine cargo is only about 100 pounds. As a result the anti-cocaine effort requires intelligence infor- mation in addition to exacting searches. The route the narcotic shipments take is sometimes bizzare, Riordan noted. Sometimes the narcotics come into San Diego by ship, then are flown by plane to Canada, then brought back elsewhere on the West Coast by ship or other means. Some smuggling vessels have off-loaded their deadly cargo with swimmers or one-man submersibles, he noted. The speaker at the chapter's March meeting was Major Keith D. Young (USAF-Ret). The Australian-born Young served in intelligence for over thirty years. He served with the British Purchasing Commission, 1940- 42, before entering the Army. Assigned to intelligence, the adventurous Aussie served with distinction in WWII, and after a break in service returned to serve tours in Korea and Vietnam. He was a key staffer of MAC-V's political warfare advisory directorate and headed up the survival, evasion, resistance and escape section (SERE) of the Seventh Air Force. Young's talk, "The Fourth Degree," focused on cer- tain aspects of interrogation, indoctrination and "unin- doctrination." Satellite Chapter. When Jerry Parr heard gunshots ring out on a Washington, D.C., street nearly four years ago, he shoved President Reagan into a limosine and barked orders for the driver to head to a nearby hospital. Parr, a Secret Service agent, had pushed the President out of the path of all but one of John Hinckley Jr.'s bullets, and although his split-second reflexes may have bruised the President, they also helped save his life. Parr recalled the events vividly before more than 160 members and guests at the chapter's February 8th dinner meeting held at the Patrick AFB Officer's Club. "A big part of it is training. We're trained to turn our bodies toward the noise (of gunfire) and put ourselves between the shots and the President," he said. The Secret Service official stressed the unique aspects of an agent's training: "There is no time to get a CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 ~~~*ea x xa a:;x z Jerry Parr, U.S. Secret Service gun out. Training is the first line of defense." Parr, who now serves as assistant director for protective research, recalled that during his 22-year career with the Secret Service he has headed the White House detail as well as protected political candidates, foreign dignitaries and elected officials. Recalling the Hinckley assassination attempt, Parr noted that "We had Hinckley defeated that day," but only because agent Thomas McCarthy had mastered counter-instinctive behavior well enough to throw himself in front of a bullet. "What he did with his flesh was, he extended that iron (car) door." Parr noted that Hinckley's first three shots had struck law enforce- ment officials. He discussed the paradox of security in an open society, the millions of visitors who tour the White House each year and the uncounted ones halted by metal detectors and arrested for carrying dangerous weapons more out of thoughtlessness than deadly intent. "I think its worth it," he said, "For that reason I chose to live here and not in totalitarian society." Parr also noted the threatening letters that arrive by mail at the White House. Each, he said, has to be inves- tigated meticulously, with a finding that over 90 percent of the traceable threats are made by the mentally ill. Yet, it is the face in the crowd that alerts a Secret Service agent. "I can't prove this, but there's something about a face that sets it apart from the rest. Most of the crowds you work have excited faces, anticipatory faces, but every now and then you'll catch an eye, and they'll see something in yours, and there's this mutual knowl- edge. It's a mystery, this dangerous organism we call man. New England New England Chapter. Mike Speers, president, re- ports the chapter rolls continue to grow at a very gratify- ing pace. Starting last June with a core group of eight, membership now stands at seventy, including two life members. He advises that invitations to the group's next quarterly meeting, at the Hilton Hotel, Merrimack, NH, April 13th, were mailed to all AFIO chapter presidents in hopes those located in the East could attend or pass the invitation along to those members who might be visiting the area at the time. Recognizing its large geographic spread, the chap- ter has appointed a number of key persons for each state. They are: Alan Swenson (Maine), Eric Howes (Massachusetts), Dan Halpin (New Hampshire) and Eleanoar Hoar (Connecticut). Mrs. Hoar recently arranged a successful reception at the Roger Sherman Inn at New Canan, CT., for active, former and potential members. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved Twenty, including two guest members of the New York City chapter, attended. Two AFIO members became affil- iated with the chapter and six new members were enrolled. Speers credits Mrs. Hoar with a particularly fine job in organizing the event, which he hopes will be replicated elsewhere in New England. Chapter member Winn Taplin is teaching "The Role of Intelligence in Diplomacy," a full credit course at the University of Vermont. As evidence that the program has been well received, initial planning anticipated 12- 15 students; 40 are now attending. Members of the chapter who have audited the course have come away impressed. And, when Taplin sustained an eye injury recently, members filled in for him with what Speers calls the Speers-Jacobs-Binder-Lawlor "N.E. AFIO dog and pony show." He believes their efforts were rewarded. "We became so involved in answering student ques- tions that we ran half an hour over the allotted three hour period." Subsequently the chapter purchased and donated to the class twenty copies of Dave Phillips' Careers in Secret Operations. New Mexico Members of AFIO resident in New Mexico met at Kirtland AFB on January 19th to discuss forming a state chapter. Adolph Saenz, the organizer of the meeting, wel- comed the members, noted that this was the first step in forming a new chapter, and congratulated the twenty- nine in attendance for supporting the goals of intelli- gence. Named to develop a slate of candidates for election to the new chapter's board of directors were Joe Luna and Sam Papich. Also welcoming those assembled was Lee Echols of AFIO's board of directors and George Wiggins, AFIO's vice president. Wiggins congratulated the group for being the newest chapter to be formed, and encouraged them to seek associate members who, although not veterans of the intelligence profession, support the aims of AFIO. In Memoriam Mr. James K. Arnold Camp Hill, PA Mrs. Virginia G. Blatt Washington, DC Mr. John B. Coyne Brunswick, OH Mr. Henry H. Eldredge St. Petersburg, FL Mr. Derek A. Lee New York, NY Mr. Thomas E. McCormack Woodsboro, MD Mr. James M. McDermott Silver Spring, MD Mr. Anthony J. Sforza South Miami, FL It was then Echol's turn to entertain the audience with a sampling of his great stock of one-liners and humorous stories, a warm-up to his more serious mes- sage. He recalled that the San Diego chapter started with only eighteen members, and now has 150. He urged that the New Mexico chapter seek out those eligi- ble in the Albuquerque area, actively recruit new mem- bers, hold monthly meetings, encourage members to bring their spouses and friends, and exchange minutes and meeting notices with the Arizona chapter to en- courage cross-visits. Echols presented Saenz with an example of approved by-laws for local chapters and referred the group to the articles of incorporation in the AFIO handbook. A month later, February 21, the chapter held its first meeting. Elected as officers were: Thomas J. Smith, president; Adolph B. Saenz, vice president; Leonard E. Sczygiel,secretary; and D. Arthur Byrnes, treasurer. Ohio Cleveland Chapter. The chapter will meet on May 24, 1985, with Bill Hood, president of the Greater New York Chapter as guest speaker. For further information contact Fred Lewton, (216) 731-2463. PERISCOPE is published quarterly by the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, McLean Office Building, 6723 Whittier Ave., Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101. Phone (703) 790-0320. Officers of AFIO are: Lyman B. Kirkpatrick ..................... President Lloyd George Wiggins ............... Vice President Robert J. Novak ......................... Treasurer Kicking off the first meeting of the New Mexico Charlotta P. Engrav ...................... Secretary Chapter are Tom Smith, Sam Papich, Frank Coffee John K. Greaney ................. Executive Director and Nick Mastrovich Edward F. Sayle ............... Editor of PERISCOPE Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 New Life Members Mr. John Gordon Lanier BARCLAY Calle Santalo 135 Barcelona, SPAIN 0021 Mr. Lonnie M. BARROW One Beach Drive, #1506 St. Petersburg, FL 33701 The Honorable Theodore R. BRITTON, Jr. P.O. Box 23788 Washington, DC 20026 Mrs. Jean FINDLAY Millbank Greenwood, VA 22943 COL Frederick K. HEARN, AUS(Ret.) 2240 Stonewood Court San Pedro, CA 90732 CDR Harvey LAMPSHIRE, USN(Ret.) 2145 N. Quebec Street Arlington, VA 22207 Mr. John D. MacKENZIE, Jr. 2400 N. Taylor Street Arlington, VA 22207 Dr. James A. MATTISON, Jr. 234 San Miguel Avenue Salinas, CA 93901 Mr. Peter L. MERKEL 5001 King Richard Drive Annandale, VA 22003 Mr. John Patrick QUIRK 4 Centre Village Madison, CT 06443 Mr. George W. RAUCH 1415 9th Avenue E. Bradenton, FL 33508 Mr. Robert Ruhl SIMMONS 36 Broad Street Stonington, CT 06378 Mr. Frederick A. VOIGT 5016 25th Street, South Arlington, VA 22206 Mr. Albert W. ZILAITIS 501 North Palm Avenue Indialantic, FL 32903 Legislative Notes Wafter L. Pforzheimer It is with a touch of sadness, and a mood of remin- iscence, that we learn of the death of former Senator John Chandler Gurney of South Dakota on March 9th. Elected to the Senate in 1939, "Chan" Gurney became chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee in 1947. It was this committee which held the hearings and reported out the National Security Act of 1947, creating the CIA. (The act also created the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the separate U.S. Air Force.) It was early in March 1947 that I first met with Senator Gurney to discuss the proposed legislation for CIA. At that time, there was still some question whether we would propose what we now know as the original provisions of the National Security Act, or whether we should go for more detailed legislation by adding the material which ultimately became the CIA Act of 1949. The chairman advised that we should stick to the short version to avoid getting intelligence involved with the many other controversies which this bill engendered in its military proposals. We followed his advice. On March 26th, DCI (Lt. Gen.) Hoyt Vandenberg and I met with Senator Gurney to discuss the DCI's forthcoming testimony. Chairman Gurney asked that we place as much testimony on the record as we could, assuring us that he would hold for Executive Session any questions which would raise security problems. When the DCI testified at the end of April, this is exactly how it went. General Vandenberg's opening statement went into the public record, and there were no kick- backs. In Executive Session he told the committee that the CIG was engaged in espionage, and that CIA would continue intelligence operations overseas under the new legislation before the Congress. Those who still contend that the Congress did not know of CIA's opera- tional role just haven't read the record; that early testi- mony has been officially released. On July 9, the National Security Act of 1947 was shepherded through the Senate, just as the chairman had assured during our meeting in March. "Chan" was a gentle, thoughtful, wonderful man to work with, and the Intelligence Com- munity is in his debt. The esteem with which Senator Gurney was held by his colleagues reminds me of an incident in 1948 when we were trying to secure passage of what became the CIA Act of 1949. A Senator rose on the floor and moved to strike the provision which was to give CIA use of unvouchered funds; he succeeded. The Senator con- cerned came off the floor to discuss his move with me. We exchanged some rather heated words as I pointed out what his actions would do to intelligence operations and the lives of our people overseas, and the Senator began to waver. At this point, sensing what was hap- pening, Senator Gurney strolled up, put his arm around the recalcitrant Senator and said, "You can't do this to me." That was all it took. The Senator returned to the floor, reversed his position, and moved to restore the unvouchered funds provision. Just a quiet word from "Chan" Gurney was all it took. In later years, his support and able help continued on a number of occasions when CIA had important and difficult problems before the Civil Aeronautics Board of which Senator Gurney became chairman. We will miss "Chan," but we should pause and remember what he did to make CIA legislatively possible. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 The following list of new members since the last issue is incomplete in that it does not include those who requested that their names be kept restricted. Mr. Frank E. ANDERSON Mr. Fred C. BURTON Mr. G. Kirk FINCH II 225 Arboles South Stratford Ct. 140 Dalkeith Glen El Paso, TX 79932 Windsor, CT 06095 Arnold, MD 21012 Mrs. Marguerite 0. ARMSTRONG Mr. Alan L. BUTKOW Mr. Wilson H. FORD 7 Deborah Drive c/o WBK Ltd. 980 Wilson Street South Burlington, VT 05401 10169 Judicial Drive Laguna Beach, CA 92651 Fairfax, VA 22030 MAJ Percy Lyn AUSTIN AUS(Ret.) Mr. David A. GILLESPIE 5800 N. Banana River Blvd Mr. Douglas CADDY 607 Oak Harbor Drive Building 2, #222 7322 S.W. Freeway, #610 Houston, TX 77062 Cape Canaveral, FL 32920 Houston, TX 77074 Col Nathan S. GOLDBERG COL Frederick T. BARRETT Mr. Richard L. CASANOVA USAF(Ret.) USA(Ret.) 323 Pine Needles Drive 603 N. Doheny Drive, #2A 3024 Modella Winston-Salem, NC 27104 Beverly Hills, CA 90210 Dallas, TX 75229 Ms. Pat E. CLARK Mr. Barry GOODENCW Mr.. Lonnie M. BARROW 871 Paiute Road P. 0. Box 4247 One Beach Drive, #1506 Rio Rancho, NM 87124 Honolulu, HI 96813 St.. Petersburg, FL 33701 CDR William C. COOK Mr. Gerd HABER Mr., John J. BARRY USNR(Ret.) 4713 Lillian Drive 2300 Pimmit Drive, #614 249 Nod Hill Road Alexandria, VA 22310 Falls Church, VA 22043 Wilton, CT 06897 Mr. Thomas R. HAMPSON LTC Charles C. BENNETT Mr. Thomas H. CURRY 680 Hillcrest Boulevard USA(Ret.) 3212 N. Kenmore Street Hoffman Estates, IL 60195 17164 Courtney Lane Arlington, VA 22207 William HE TMAN F Mr Huntington Beach, CA 92649 . . COL Joseph W. DARLING 1004 Morse Drive Mr.. Joe A. BLACK USAR(Ret.) Pacific Grove, CA 93950 8507 Honiley 1211 Janneys Lane San Antonio, TX 78250 Alexandria, VA 22302 Mr. Richard L. HIGGINS 816 E. Mendocino Street Mr.. Russell 0. BLAISDELL Mr. Ralph A. de VORE Altadena, CA 91001 107 Wilderness Drive, #309 3411 Park Royal Drive Naples, FL 33942 Kingwood, TX 77339 Mr. Donald F. JONES 7207 Northern Lights Mr. Peter N. BORSI Mr. Clifford A. DOLAN San Antonio, TX 78238 111 N. Alder Avenue 6 Thunderbird Park Sterling, VA 22170 Sierra Vista, AZ 85635 LTC C. D. KRYZANOWSKY USA(Ret.) Mr. Michael L. BOSCHAERT Mr. James M. ELLIOTT 4812 Kemper Street P. 0. Box 1374 6249 Primrose Avenue Rockville, MD 20853 Imperial Beach, CA 92032 Los Angeles, CA 90068 COL Bruce E. LLOYD Mr. William T. BROWN Mr. Clinton FIELDER Box 112 2502 Rock Branch Road 11273 SW 174th Terrace East Glastonbury, CT Vienna, VA 22180 Miami, FL 33157 06025 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 10 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Mr. Joseph R. LUNA Mr. Joseph David RENO Mrs. Lesba L. THOMPSON 142 Rio Vista Place 791 Tremont Street, W-105 1745 Meredith Lane, Santa Fe, NM 87501 Boston, MA 02118 Belleair Clearwater, Fl, 33516 Mr. Peter A. LUPSHA Mr. Mervyn J. RIKER 617 Dartmouth N.E.. 7608 G Sereno Circle Mr. Arthur S. TORF Albuquerque, NM 87106 Orlando, FL 32807 P. 0. Box 2586 Norcross, GA 30091 Mr. Francis (Frank) E. LTG William I. ROLYA MADD USA(Ret.) Mr. Frederick A. VOIGT 6614 West 73rd Street 3110 Waterside Lane 5016 25th Street, South Overland Park, KS 66204 Alexandria, VA 22309 Arlington, VA 22206 Mr. William 0. MALONE Mr. William J. RYAN Mr. Robert F. VanBEEVER 89 Crestview Drive East Hill Road 22 Treadwell Avenue Portland, ME 04103 Williston, VT 05495 Westport, CT 06880 Mr. Donald J. MEYER Mr. Ara V. SIMIDIAN Mr. John M. WEINBERG 11414 Georgetowne Drive 45-42 220 Street 438 Wolcott Avenue, #4 Potomac, MD 20854 Bayside, NY 11361 Middletown, RI 02840 Mr. John D. MacKENZIE Jr. Mr. Charles H. SMALL Jr. Mr. Elmer R. WINGROVE 2400 N. Taylor Street P. 0. Box 12232 119 4th Street, SE Arlington, VA 22207 El Cajon, CA 92022 Washington, DC 20003 Mr. Raymond F. McMULLEN LTC Harry M. SMITH USA(Ret.) COL George A. ZACHARIAS 10411 Dee Lane 838 Manitou Boulevard USA(Ret.) Clinton, MD 20735 Colorado Springs, CO 80904 7736 Tauxemont Road Alexandria, VA 22308 Mr. Louis F. PALUMBO Col Landgrave T. SMITH 1640 S.W. 54 Terrace Jr. USAF(Ret.) Mr. Albert W. ZILAITIS Plantation, FL 33137 2814 Oakton Manor Court 501 North Palm Avenue Oakton, VA 22124 Indialantic, FL 32903 Mr. James D. PARRISH Jr. 523 Bayview Drive Mr. Leon P. SONNENBURG Seabrook, TX 77586 200 Fiqueroa NE, #1 Albuquerque, NM 87123 Mr. John R. PHERSON 7404 Charlotte Street Mr. Charles R. STEFFLER Springfield, VA 22150 P. 0. Box 190 Bellaire, TX 77401 Mr. John Patrick QUIRK 4 Centre Village Mr. Robert D. STIGER Madison, CT 06443 One Russell Court Sterling, VA 22170 Mr.. George W. RAUCH 1415 9th Avenue E. Mr. Ralph STOVER Bradenton, FL 33508 560 McNabb Parkway Cocoa Beach, FL 32931 CAPT Merrill D. REICH USN (Ret.) 1731 Tarleton Way Crofton, MD 21114 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 11 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 From the President's Desk: From where I sit as I write this in my library at home in Middleburg, our vista is so peaceful and beautiful that it is hard to believe there is evil in the world. In the distance I see the wooded slopes of Mt. Storm rising three thousand feet above the beautiful Virginia coun- tryside. Only one house is visible in the intervening five miles, a building bordered by tall pines and lushgreen meadows where horses and cattle feed throughout most of the year. In such beautiful surroundings it might be difficult to believe how much danger and how many difficulties engulf this planet we occupy. But then I scan the floor-to-ceiling bookcases that cover the major portion of three of the four walls. On the fourth wall hangs a magnificent map, entitled "1829 General Post Und Strassen Karte Der Osterreichen Monarchie." The bookcases I face include seven shelves on the War Between the States, or the Civil War, depending on what part of this nation you hail from. (My mother was an unreconstructed rebeland my father a New Yorker.) The two adjoining bookcases are primarily World War II, including a complete bound set of the Joint Congres- sional Committee's Investigation of the Pearl Harbor attack, published by the Government Printing Office in 1946. Two bookcases are devoted to the Presidents (Washington to Reagan), one to intelligence, and one to Communism. Where is the fiction? In bookcases in other parts of the house. If the books are not enough, there are three daily newspapers plus numerous other publi- cations. What do I do when not reading? I write. This lengthy preamble is simply to set the stage for saying that the state of the relations between nations is cause for continued concern. If there was ever a need for professional intelligence dedicated to producing prompt and accurate analyses of the dangerous interna- tional situations it is now. I fervently hope that the intel- ligence services of the Soviet Union, the Chinese Peoples Republic, the Eastern European nations, as well as those in the Middle East, Latin America, and the Atlantic Alliance are all well-informed and objective. Further, I hope the policy levels of all governments are directed by men and women of good will who are proponents of peace and prosperity and notof death and destruction. It is now forty years since the end of World War II, but there should be little consolation that wars have been limited in size in recent years. The war between Iran and Iraq has resulted in appalling slaughter, with the major powers and the United Nations unable to obtain a cease-fire. The situation in the Middle East continues to be a powder-keg with everybody playing with matches. Only the United States and the Soviet Union have the power to be peace keepers, but there is so much suspi- cion and distrust between them that we must wonder how long it will take to build a basis for mutual respect and trust when Reagan and Gorbachev meet. What we must do as individuals and collectively for AFIO is to continue to make the people of the United States aware of the capabilities and problems of the United States intelligence agencies. This is not an easy task. The American people are distrustful of secret organizations. This concern is heightened by the con- sistently bad press that CIA receives. Obviously the CIA Lyman B. Kirkpatrick President of AFIO cannot boast of its successes, but its failures-as well as those of the other intelligence agencies-are certain to receive headlines. Let's face it. No three letters are cer- tain to attract such attention as CIA and newsmen know that their use sells papers. We must also accept the fact that most of those in the public media regard them- selves as experts on intelligence matters. And surely we are aware that what we say will be viewed with scepti- cism by some. Please remember that most of the high school and college teachers now are of a post-World War II vintage. They are suspicious of all intelligence activities. They believe the bad things they read about CIA and do not approve of covert operations, which they consider "dirty tricks." Collectively they are not knowledgeable about Soviet activities, and basically don't care. Every new expose of CIA operations widens the gap and deepens the gulf of distrust. There is no panacea for coping with this hostility. Recognize that it is there, and face it. Within the area of unclassified information, tell it like it is. There is so much unclassified information now that a presentation based on the history and organization of the U.S. intelligence agencies is-simple and is most useful in the high school and college audiences. It is also valuable to take along a list of books and articles that provide objective analyses of U.S. intelligence activities. It is well to be prepared with a bibliography of literature on other intelligence services of the world. And finally, if possible, a brief analysis of how intelligence fits into policy making is valuable. One point I always stress is that I am proud to have served in CIA. While some may not approve of such activities, such work has to be done until we live in a world devoid of avarice and hatred. One last suggestion: In addition to the academic audiences there are many local organizations looking for speakers. These include the Rotary, Lions, Kiwanis, Chambers of Commerce and other civic organizations. Make sure your Mayor and other public officials know you "Have speech, will travel!" Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 12 DCI Assesses Intelligence in Report to AFIO Convention Former Intelligence Officers Infiltrate County Ned Dolan The Association of Former Intelligence Officers (AFIO) held their annual convention at the Rockville Crowne Plaza, October 19-20. Approximately 275 attended from all over the United States and were treated to an intensive program, renewed old friend- ships and swapped stories on local reactions to ques- tions of intelligence and world affairs. Leading off was a discussion of reconnaissance, important to arms treaty verification problems. Speakers were Arthur Lundahl, the founder of the National Photo Interpretation Center (NPIC); Dino Brugioni, an early NPIC worker and currently a consultant; and Lt. Gen. Eugene Tighe, USAF(Ret), formerly with Air Force reconnaissance. Also covered was the history of overhead recon- naissance beginning with balloons taking pictures before the Civil War, to balloon use during that War, to using aircraft-mounted cameras during both world wars for (continued on page 4) There was electricity in the air as DCI William J. Casey mounted the podium to address AFIO's 10th annual convention banquet. Unsaid was the increased media targeting of Casey in the wake of orchestrated disclosures concerning use in Central America of "that pamphlet," a retreaded Green Beret training manual of another time and another Administration. As one attendee would note later, the sustained applause was a vote of confidence in the man-an intel- ligence professional, as well as a courtesy to the head of the U.S. Intelligence Community. It was an audience of intelligence veterans familiar with Casey's achievements in directing European agent operations (SI) for OSS dur- ing WWII, his role in the struggle to create a peacetime, centralized intelligence agency, and service on both the Murphy Commission and the President's Foreign Intelli- gence Advisory Board. Early AFIO members had recalled during the pre-banquet reception that Casey had been a member of the organization's Board of Directors and a long-time member until "forced" to leave the ranks of former intelligence officers to become the first Director of Central Intelligence to achieve Cabinet rank. The greeting left no doubt that he was among friends who understood his opening reference to the "turbulence and winds of the political season." They had been there before. The DCI, by way of expressing his humility in addressing so many old hands, broke the tension by recalling the story of the fellow who loved to talk about the Johnstown Flood. So much so, that when he was received by St. Peter, Peter gathered a crowd to hear the tale. The man waxed eloquent with his personal "war story" of how the waters had gathered and came crash- ing down. "He was just about reaching his finale," said Casey, "when St. Peter reached over, tapped him on the shoulder and said, 'By the way, I forgot to tell you that Noah is in the audience.' " Casey recalled the President's goal when he was appointed DCI: reestablish the President's Foreign Intel- ligence Advisory Board, enact legislation to impose crim- inal sanctions against disclosing the identities of U.S. intelligence agents; obtain a measure of relief from the Freedom of Information Act; and rebuild the intelligence agencies and improve their technical and clandestine (continued on page 2) Approved For Release 2004/11/011: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Casey Keporis onrIntelllgence4/11/01 (continued from page 1) collection, analysis, counterintelligence and capabilities to contribute to the national interest and security in the international area. "Just last week the President signed legislation exempting CIA's operational files from Freedom of Infor- mation requests," he noted. "The Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board is functioning effectively; Identities legis- lation has been enacted into law. With the approval of the 1985 budget, we have in hand the resources needed to complete over 80 percent of a five-year pro- gram to rebuild from the 40 percent reduction in funding and the 50 percent reduction in personnel which the Intelligence Community suffered during the '70s." He thanked AFIO for its stout support in this endea- vor through legislative and media efforts to bring about public understanding of the proper role of intelligence. Casey also expressed his appreciation to those AFIO members who had recommended highly motivated and qualified young people for employment. Among these recent recruits, he said, are those who will be the future leaders of U.S. intelligence. The DCI observed that the Intelligence Community "has never been in better shape." The Community has rebounded from the cuts of the 1970s, a new Headquar- ters building has been completed for DIA and one is under construction at CIA. "A bigger budget. Improved morale. I think we are fit, healthy, and have rededicated ourselves to the Community-wide exercise of excel- lence," he said. He assured intelligence veterans who, like he, had been around at the birth of our national intelligence service, that in today's service they will find the familiar commitment and dedication, willingness to challenge conventional wisdom, sound analysis and effective collection. Today, as in those early years, Casey observed, there is a "can do spirit" in the Intelligence Community. What has changed, he said, is a broadening of the scope of intelligence targets: "Today, many of this coun- try's enemies operate mostly underground, dealing with drugs, terror, and blueprints, as well as weapons and subversion across international borders and wherever instability-and revolution can be fermented or generated." For twenty years, he noted, the world has seen the Soviets and their proxies spreading "wars of national liberation" and building bases in Afghanistan, Angola, Vietnam, Ethiopia, Cuba and Nicaragua from which further attacks are being made today against Pakistan, El Salvador, Sudan, Kampuchea and elsewhere. "But for the last few years there has been a difference. Whereas in the 1960s and 1970s anti-Western causes attracted recruits throughout the Third World, the 1980s have emerged as the decade of guerrillas resisting Communist regimes. Today in Afghanistan, Angola, Cambodia, Ethiopia, and Nicaragua, thousands of ordi- nary people are volunteers in irregular wars against the Soviet Army or Soviet-supported regimes. More than a quarter of a million people have taken up arms against Communist oppression in these countries." Casey cautioned, however, that the Soviets con- tinue to exploit opportunities in the Third World. The KGB and its allied intelligence services, he said, con- tinue to work together "to steal our technology, to dam- Approved For Release 2004/11/01 CIA-RDP88-01315.R00010005d00001-1 age our reputation, to divide us from our friends, to destabilize, subvert and overthrow governments friendly to us." He stressed the importance of identifying and countering the KGB's planted rumors, forgeries, agents of influence and kept press and radio. Another measure receiving new focus, said the DCI, is the development of a worldwide counterterror- ism network which has thwarted many terrorist attacks and effected rescue operations throughout the world. Another concern, he noted, is the steady flow of drugs into the United States. "Some of the huge amounts of money being made in drugs are used to finance terror- ists and revolutionary political groups around the world." Of enhanced importance, said Casey, is determin- ing the state of Soviet technology and its potential for military and strategic surprise. "The Soviets are making remarkable progress and they are doing it with our help." Explaining the challenge, he looked back to 1981 when the Agency organized the Technology Transfer Assessment Center. The Center documented the in- creased power, accuracy, precision and sophistication of Soviet weaponry. "All this," he said, "has come from the acquisition and use of our technology to a much greater extent than we had ever dreamed." Casey pointed to some recent successes in the intelligence community's efforts to block Soviet collection of Western high tech- nology secrets. "Over the last year and a half well over 150 Soviet agents, most of them engaged in technology theft, have been arrested or expelled or defected in well over 20 countries around the world. Successes have also been achieved in recovering stolen technology, blocking shipments, and breaking up the technology smuggling rings." Intelligence production is up to new levels as well, noted the DCI. "A great deal was heard about the purg- ing of the clandestine apparatus in the late 1970s. Less well known is the massive departure of professionals from the analytical side of the CIA during that same period; Nearly half of our analysts left between 1977 and 1981." The strength of the analytical corps has been re- stored and the quality of its work improved, he reported. National estimates have grown from the low point of only 12 during 1980 to over 50 a year. To this yearly tally, Casey said, can be added some 25 other major intelligence assessments, 1,000 major research pro- jects and a regular stream of publications to aid policy makers. Unlike the earlier days of intelligence, noted Casey, today there is a closer scrutiny of intelligence activities. In the public eye the Agency has maintained its reputa- tion for integrity, confidentiality, reliability and security- evidenced by over 150,000 applicants last year-despite a drumbeat of media criticism. "With few exceptions," the DCI said, "the highly publicized charges made against the CIA during the mid-70s, turned out to be false. The charges were on the front pages and their refutation buried away so that few people noted them. This ordeal was terminated by leaders in the Congress who spoke up and declared that the Intelligence Community had indeed been libeled and traduced. Out of this came a Congressional oversight process that assures that special activities in the cycle of intelligence are known and scrutinized by elective legis- lators responsible directly to the people." CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 ApgIfjd&e'I&e 2004/11/01: ClnrFt[qi61 R%6(9?-Td day. In succes sion, member's' heard t e genera report, delivered by AFIO's 10th annual convention was held October 19-20 at the Crowne Plaza Hotel, Rockville, Maryland. Close to 300 members, spouses and guests were in attendance. Following opening remarks by Colonel Bruce K. Baumgardner (USAF-RET), convention chairman, the gavel was turned over to Major General Richard X. Lar- kin (USA-Ret), president of AFIO, for opening remarks. The initial session focused on the "eyes and ears" of intelligence, with a discussion of reconnaissance intelligence. Chairing the first panel with Lieutenant General Eugene F. Tighe, Jr. (USAF-Ret). A fact-filled slide presentation by Dino A. Brugioni was followed by an informative interchange between Arthur C. Lundahl, founder of the National Photo Interpretation Center, Brugioni and LG Tighe. The theme continued with a description of Soviet reconnaissance and space programs by Marcia S. Smith, a specialist in aerospace systems at the Library of Con- gress, and a luncheon speech by The Hon. Tidal W. McCoy, Assistant Secretary of the Air Force and a long- time member of AFIO. The future of intelligence was the agenda for the afternoon seminar, which featured Admiral Thomas H. Moorer (USN-Ret), a member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board; Lieute- nant General James A. Abrahamson, USAF, the Direc- tor of the Strategic Defensive Initiative Organization, OSD; and moderator General Richard G. Stillwell (USA- Ret), Deputy Undersecretary of Defense/Policy. The evening featured the acclaimed Canadian pro- duction, "The KGB Connection," graciously rented for the occasion by Keystone Chapter President Terry Foster. The annual AFIO business meeting, moderated by W. Raymond Wannall, Chairman of the Board of Direc- Important to this relationship, said Casey, is to maintain public and policymaker confidence in not only the quality, but in the integrity of intelligence assess- ments. "For that we depend on the integrity of our analysts in a process which is designed and operated to assure that all substantiated points of view are heard, consi- dered, and reflected in estimates. Nearly all our assess- ments go to the two Congressional oversight committees whose members are in a position to detect any bias. All estimates are reviewed by the chiefs of all the compo- nents of the Intelligence Community sitting together as the Board of Estimates. They are encouraged and charged to provide the judgments developed in their components, and to stake out dissenting views." Commenting on a recent estimate which the media claims to have been slanted, Casey noted that half the Board held one view, the remainder another. "Each view was spelled out on the first page of the estimate." In elaborating, the DCI noted that such assessments are not carried out in an ivory tower atmosphere. "The debates and clash of ideas sometimes are rough. No one's views-from the Director to the newest analyst- are protected from challenge and criticism. It is not a place for delicate egos or mediocrity or people with a special agenda. But out of that process, despite its imperfections, comes the best, the most comprehensive, most objective intelligence reporting in the world; And Wannall; the recently-audited financial report by Robert J. Novak, AFIO Treasurer; the legislative report, submit- ted by Dr. Walter L. Pforzheimer; and the Resolutions Committee recommendations, delivered by its chair- man, Lawrence R. Houston. Following discussion and passage of the resolutions, Captain Richard W. Bates (USN-Ret) explained election procedures and the amend- ments being submitted to the membership. Final ballots were cast by members who had not voted by mail. The luncheon speaker was Representative Henry J. Hyde (R-III), sponsor of legislation to create a joint com- mittee for intelligence oversight. Hyde, a former member of Naval Intelligence, proved to be a fervant supporter of the intelligence process. The final intensive seminar session in the after- noon dealt with the role of intelligence in combating terrorism. Moderated by Phil Nicolaides of Accuracy in Media, panel contributors were: noted author and jour- nalist Arnaud deBorchgrave; David Whipple, National Intelligence Officer-Counter Terrorism, CIA; Kenneth Maxwell, Supervisor Agent, FBI; Security consultant Howard T. Bane; and Joel Lisker, Chief Counsel of the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Senate Judiciary Com- mittee. The convention concluded with a reception and banquet. Prior to the banquet attendees were enter- tained with a concert by the U.S. Air Force Band and emotional opening ceremonies by the Joint Services Color Guard. The guest speaker was The Hon. William J. Casey, Director of Central Intelligence. The results of the annual elections were announced by Major General Larkin, who also delivered closing remarks and an invitation to attend the 11th Annual Convention to be held in the Washington area 18-19 October 1985. our critics keep it that way." The DCI made note of the encouragement, under- standing and support the Intelligence Community has received from AFIO. "You have implemented the theme of your tenth annual convention here, 'The Eyes and Ears of the Free World,' in so many ways with your interest and constant encouragement, support for our recruiting, our legislative deeds, the way you managed to take the sting out of the news stories when we felt helplessly maligned-for all that we are most grateful." Casey's thanks also included a voluntary tasking: "I ask each of you to exploit any avenue open to you to help find the superior quality people we need, and to encour- age them to consider an intelligence career. Here you can, and have helped us enormously." He concluded with a personal note. "Finally I would say that these years as Director of Central Intelligence have been a rich and gratifying exerience for me. I am honored to serve with the dedicated officers who are carrying on a fine tradition of quality, hard work and commitment that many of you here started. Today as a nation we are facing up to some hard realities-realities that a democratic society often finds it difficult to acknowledge. We have rebuilt our defenses as well as our intelligence service. These twin pillars, if backed by a national will to remain prepared, will ensure the peace and preserve our freedom." Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 %e c~ For, 2elease 2004/11/01 :CIA-RflP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFI p~i'a es ounty corer was concerned about recruiting human (continued from page 1) agents to collect intelligence on intent that can now only seeking enemy targets, to the U-2 and satellites. Des- cribing the development of the U-2 for overflying the USSR, some of the pictures of that era were shown. Brugioni and Lundahl highlighted the use of photo reconnaissance for the Cuban missile crisis in which they both were involved, illustrating the presentation with photos and adding recollections of meetings with the President. Briefly touching on satellite photography, they noted the different type sensors used for unclassified imaging that enhance economic information and geologic ex- ploration. Brugioni mentioned the use of photography for his- torical and disaster evaluation purposes. The latter was discussed by Tighe citing reconnaissance of Alaska after the big earthquake. With communications out, SAC was concerned about their installations. Photo flights were ordered which were directed to cover non-military areas as well. The information from these flights enabled a rapid assessment to be made of the disaster extent, resulting in major aid being rapidly sent to the civilian areas by the President. Brugioni's historical research has led to writing articles for many publications, including for the Wash- ington Post on the Holocaust. He uses unclassified and unexploited German photography in the archives such as taken during the Battles of Stalingrad, Leningrad and Moscow and of Western Europe. Unclassified allied photography on German preparations for the invasion of England, of bombing targets like I.G. Farben and of others also exists. The session concluded with Marcia Smith of the Library of Congress presenting a run-down of the Soviet space program, with information they launch far more vehicles than we do although their interplanetary effort has been less successful. At least 70 percent of their vehicles are military and others believed combinations. One manned launch was solely military when it was noted the telemetry used military rather than civilian channels. Smith also went into the Soviet anti-satellite (ASAT) program. Although there has been extensive reporting on Soviet ASAT testing, only one publication has noted apparently two different systems are being tested. The nature of the second is currently unknown, but has been tested twice in conjunction with the manned Salyut program. She cited Soviet concern about ASAT developments because all their military satellites are readily subject to current ASAT weapons, while our early warning and communications satellites are pres- ently invulnerable because they are in geostationary orbits. Of significance, she noted a Soviet laser system under development with potential anti-satellite conno- tations. The afternoon was dedicated to the future of intelli- gence featuring a panel moderated by Gen Richard Stilwell, (USA-Ret), Deputy Under Secretary of Defense/ Policy; with Adm Thomas Moorer, (USN-Ret), a member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board; and Lt. Gen James Abramson, USAF, Director of the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization. be inferred from technical intelligence systems. He said, during the Carter presidency, Stansfield Turner elimi- nated many experienced personnel, substituting young people just out of college. These were not persons who command respect and confidence from foreign leaders with whom contacts must be made to gain insider information. He noted many seasoned analytical personnel also departed during Turner's regime. Moorer described Turner as a highly educated Navy officer who spent much timeattending schools-"He was-educated beyond his competence.", Abrahamson discussed the "Star Wars" program in detail, stating much is now only conceptual; the end result can only be envisioned. Considered of importance is incorporating in it a real time, 24-hour intelligence surveillance system to allow constant verification of the status of any potential enemy. He sees the system as stabilizing, while basing our defense solely on deterrence as unstable. Many compo- nents of the perceived system are already being devel- oped, but integration into a workable defense system is still to come. This program was also discussed by Fri- day's luncheon speaker, Assistant Secretary of the Air Force Tidal McCoy. Stillwell noted legislative changes being considered in Congress including in the intelligence committee structure, in part resulting from recent politicization in the current committees. It is believed that, to truly work, intelligence must not be influenced by partisan politics. Congress is also considering altering the intelli- gence leadership structure, i.e. to require the Director of Central Intelligence to be a professional. This topic was expanded on by Saturday's luncheon speaker, Rep. Henry Hyde (R-III), who recalled recent disclosure of intelligence information and the reports of changes in reports for political purposes. Hyde is a sponsor of such legislation. A made-for-TV movie on the KGB, paid for by ABC and produced by Canadians but later dropped by ABC, was shown the evening of the 19th. Running two hours, it had a tremendous impact on those that saw it, even though many were familiar with that service. Current operations of the KGB and associated ser- vices, particularly the Czech and Cuban, were noted with defectors from both services discussing their operations. In particular, a Czech named Bittman who ran the disinformation section for their service, told of how the media is used, and cited a publication in which he was a major author and a story that has been used long after his defection, e.g. by NBC news, to identify a per- son as a CIA agent, which Bittman said had been a false identification. The former Cuban DGI official told how the Ven- ceremos brigades invited to Cuba were used to recruit potential agents, as well as train those already commit- ted in various acts of sabotage. A former Weather Underground member confirmed the-story. A Soviet KGB defector, now in Canada, told of "wet operations," sabotage and assassination. He had been sent as an "illegal" to Canada with two purposes, to kill Igor Gouzenko, a Soviet who defected right after World War II, and to become emplaced in Edmonton where he Approved For Release 2004/11/014 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Convention Adopts Resolutions Concerning Vital Issues In addition to the resolution to amend the Articles of Incorporation, discussed separately in this issue, the Tenth Annual Convention adopted four resolutions. One expressed the organization's appreciation for the work of the retiring chairmen of the congressional oversight committees. The others addressed important national issues. The adopted resolutions are: Resolution of Appreciation. Whereas Senator Barry Goldwater is retiring from the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence where he has served as Member, Vice Chairman, and, since 1981, as Chairman; and Whereas Congressman Edward P. Boland is retiring from the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, of which he has served as Chairman since the Committee's inception in 1977; and Whereas both of these distinguished legislators have served with distinction and with the single-minded purpose of strengthening the Intelligence Community of the United States through appropriate Con- gressional oversight and the authorizing and passing of wise legislation; Now therefore be it resolved that the Association of Former Intel- ligence Officers in convention assembled on October 20, 1984, expresses its deep appreciation for their dedicated service to the cause of Intelligence in America, and awards to each the Association's Certif- icate of Appreciation. Resolution on a Congressional Joint Committee on Intelli- gence. Whereas there has been a steady erosion of the ability ade- quately to protect classified information relating to intelligence; and Whereas major steps have been taken in the last decade to strengthen structures which have oversight of the U.S. Intelligence Community, in particular by the creation of the Senate Select Commit- tee on Intelligence and the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, comprising a total of twenty-nine Members and fifty-nine staff members; and Whereas in the interest of security of intelligence information responsible Members of the Congress have urged the abolition of the two Congressional intelligence oversight committees and the creation of a single Joint Intelligence Committee of the Congress, smaller both in number of Members and staff than the present mechanism; Now therefore be it resolved that the Association of Former Intel- ligence Officers in convention assembled on October 20, 1984, endorses and supports the efforts of those Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives who are endeavoring to establish one Congressional Joint Committee on Intelligence in lieu of the two Select Committees on Intelligence now extant. Resolution on Amendments to Federal Tort Claims Act. Whereas the Federal Tort Claims Act, since the 1971 Supreme Court decision in Bivins vs. Six Unknown Narcotics Agents, now makes government employees personally liable instead of the government for actions taken in good faith within the scope of their authority and duty; and Resolution on MIA/POW. Whereas the President of the United States has reaffirmed the promise of the American people to their military forces to be cared for and accounted for in battle; and Whereas full and complete information concerning prisoners of war, military and civilian personnel missing in action, and the remains of American personnel participating in the Vietnam War has not been made available to the United States Government; and Whereas such lack of accounting continues to cause mental anguish and deep concern to relatives and to all Americans; and Whereas principles of international law and simple humanitarian concepts demand that such information be made available; Now therefore be it resolved that the Association of Former Intel- ligence Officers in convention assembled on October 20, 1984, urges continuing high priority efforts of the Intelligence Community to collect accurate information concerning the remains of military and civilian personnel missing in Southeast Asia and the location of any such personnel still detained against their wills in Southeast Asia, and further urges the United States Government to take action on this intelligence. would be available to sabotage Canadian oil fields in event of a crisis. Saturday afternoon saw a discussion of the role of intelligence in fighting terrorism. The panel for this con- sisted of David Whipple of CIA; Kenneth Maxwell of the FBI; Howard Bane, retired from the CIA and now an industrial consultant; Joel Lisker, Chief Counsel of the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Terrorism; and Arnaud DeBorchgrave, author and prize-winning for- eign correspondent. The professionals stated the need in any anti- terrorism campaign to penetrate the terrorist organiza- tion. This is very difficult and, in the US, is hampered by restrictions placed on the FBI and local police in follow- ing apparent dissident organizations before they engage in terrorism. Later, they become difficult to locate, much Whereas since 1971 over 2,300 "Bivins" lawsuits, many with multiple defendants totaling up to 10,000 employees, have been filed, and less than 20 have resulted in money judgments; and Whereas in publicly supporting proposed amendments to the Act the Department of Justice has declared the majority of these suits to be trivial and vindictive; and Whereas the current legislation has a chilling and stifling effect on employees of the Congress, regulatory agencies, investigative agencies and other Government bodies under its provisions; and Whereas the proposed legislative amendments would not remove a citizen's legal recourse if wronged by the Government but would curb harassing actions, increase legitimate plaintiffs' recoveries by encouraging settlements by the Government, and reduce the Govern- ment's litigation costs; Now therefore be it resolved that the Association of Former Intel- ligence Officers in convention assembled on October 20, 1984, urges the Congress to pass legislation which will make the Federal Govern- ment the sole party defendant instead of the individual employee in such suits. less penetrate, and anti-terrorism measures amount to only counting bodies after the fact. There have been successes, but they are limited. The convention ended with a banquet at which the Director of Central Intelligence, William Casey, spoke. His speech was an overview of the status of intelligence in our country, emphasizing changes in CIA. He stated there had been a need for rebuilding field collection by humans vis-a-vis the technical, and en- hancing further the analytical side. There are still prob- lems in our relations with foreign services, a hangover from the Church committee which resulted in continued leaks of not only information but included sources and methods jeopardizing personnel. [By permission Wheaton News.] Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 5 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Some Results (Fourth in a three-part series) by Richard W. Bates, Member of AFIO's Board of Directors The results of the voting at the 1984 convention were gratifying to me. The best thing about the election was the participation. We received over 400 ballots by mail. Add to those the ballots cast at the convention and the grand total was 431, or 10% of the total member- ship. As I commented at the business session, I believe that's the highest percentage of membership voting for any election except the first when all five members met in Dave Phillips' bedroom. The changes to the Articles of Incorporation and the By-Laws carried almost unanimously, 429 to 2. Using the new authority contained in those changes to allow the Board to designate length of terms of office, the new Board took action to establish a proper rotation of the Board. Elected 198 Terms expires 198 CIA DIA NSA/CSS Congress Army Navy Air Force Marine Corps FBI State OSS Of the newly elected Board members, the following will serve until 1987: John Davis, Lee Echols, Sam Halpern, Dick Larkin, Gene Tighe, Walter Pforzheimer and John Warner. Larry Houston, Lou Tordella and Ray Wannall will serve two year terms until 1986. Jack Thomas, our new Chairman, will serve one year until 1985. The attached chart will give you the status of the complete Board. Note that in 1985 we will have six terms expire and seven slots to fill. This is simply the increase from twenty to twenty-one of the total number allowed by the new Articles. For those who voted, the Board appreciates your support. ASSOCIATION OF FORMER INTELLIGENCE OFFICERS Status of the Board of Directors W K P 1985 TOT ALS S e C i f C c i a r o o a n r It P T r n t b a H p h o W H z t T t r c o a l r a E a L h W i B B I h e e r u t I S d n D c I a e T a n a I n o r n i s r I m e n a h p r i i r u N t a m m d n s t i i i I a v o e k m g n N i e e k a a a e t o c p t I I i I r i e h e o n e s e n s y r i n k s h a I s s n n r e r w g d 2 2 2 4 2 2 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 20 14 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 6 6 3 4 3 1 0 5 4 3 1 5 3 0 0 2 1 0 0 5 4 Please report errors in this tabulation to John Greany. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 6 Approved For Release 200f f&O'b fV?-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 John Greaney Introduces Chapter Reps Bill Buhl Central New York Chapter Andy Ferguson Suncoast Chapter (FL) Terry Foster Howard Furst Bill Hood Keystone Chapter (PA) Orange County Chapter (CA) Greater New York Chapter Jack Kuritzky Satellite Chapter (FL) Eileen Scott San Diego Chapter (CA) Fred Lewton Cleveland Chapter (OH) Michael Speers New England Chapter George Wiggins Arizona Chapter Approved For Release 2004/11/017 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2 /11/01 : C -RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 rocee ings (Right) Listening are Board mem- bers Dick Bates and Larry Hous- ton as Walter Pforzheimer, mem- ber of the Board, delivers the legislative report (Below Left) Panelist LG James Abrahamson with Board mem- ber Gene Tighe and incoming Board Chairman Jack Thomas (Below Right) Outgoing Presi- dent Dick Larkin presiding (Left) Reporting on the year's achievements are Bob Brown, Treasurer; Ray Wannall, outgoing Board Chairman; and Sherry Engrav, Secretary Approved For Release 2004/11/018: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Panels (Above) Discussing the future of intelligence, panelists Gen. Richard G. Stillwell, Adml. Thomas H. Moorer and LG James A. Abrahamson (Right) Coping with terrorism are panelists Howard Bane, NIO David Whipple, SSA Kenneth Maxwell and Joel Lisker (Left) Discussing the political aspects of terrorism are panel moderator Phil Nicolaides and author-journalist Arnaud deBorchgrave (Below) Panelists Marcia S. Smith, Arthur C. Lundahl and Dino A. Brugioni discuss recon- naissance intelligence Approved For Release 2004/11/014 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Pleasure Dave Phillips, Gene Tighe and Lyman Kirkpatrick Sammy Snider congratulates Bruce Baumgardner John Greaney with DCI William J. Casey Mrs. John M. Maury and John Davis Ray Wannall aApd provedl o I eIe st 2004/11/01 :CIA-RA%-UCj1ry5 6Ub''OO%b1erft guest Will Nelson 10 Approved For R offiffi Vd1R f Q,R88=01 a0199500001-1 Walter L. Pf, rg,~LL L In 1966/67, the Congress passed what we know as the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This was sup- plemented by the amendments of 1974. Despite the exemptions that were included in those statutes to cover national security information and intelligence sources and methods, problems arose with the Intelligence Community. In particular, there was the serious impres- sion at home and abroad that intelligence source identi- ties, both from foreign liaison as well as individual sources, could not be protected properly from exposure under FOIA. Beyond this, the time and money spent, particularly in cases where it was known that the information searched could not be released under the FOIA exemp- tions, was very great. In 1981, Senator John Chafee of Rhode Island, a member of the Senate Select Commit- tee on Intelligence, said that DDCI Frank Carlucci had testified that CIA devoted 115 man-years to FOIA, and that DIA required nine people for ten months on one FOIA case alone. He added that the FBI was receiving 60 FOIA requests a day, and that CIA needed 4 man- years, for seventeen months-at a cost of $300,000--to conduct and review the requests of just one person, Philip Agee. Most of the requested material proved unreleasable. As early as 1977, a Senate subcommittee took tes- timony on the FOIA burden on CIA, with no result. In 1979, the DDCI testified forcefully on the subject before the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, stating that FOIA "is seriously damaging our ability to do our job." Several bills were introduced in the 1979-80 timeframe, one of which would have exempted desig- nated files of all U.S. intelligence agencies, while another was limited to designated files of CIA only. None advanced. In 1983, DDCI John McMahon testified that CIA had spent $21,000,000 on FOIA requests since the sta- tute was enacted, receiving a mere $76,000 in fees for the material released. In 1983, CIA alone had 56 full- time positions allocated to FOIA, and had expended 128 man-years involving over 200 people. There have now been about 300 FOIA court cases against CIA, all but one of which CIA has won on non-release of requested information. One case remains in appeal. In 1981, new legislation was introduced by Senator John Chafee (R-RI) and Chairman Barry Goldwater (R- AZ) of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI), which would exempt certain files of Government intelligence agencies from search, review or disclosure under any provision of law. Testimony was heard from such witnesses as DDCI Admiral Bobby Inman, NSA Director Lieutenant General Lincoln Faurer, then Dep- uty Director of DIA Major General Richard X. Larkin (who has just completed his second year as President of AFIO), and AFIO's then President John M. Maury, accompanied by AFIO Legal Adviser John S. Warner. The AFIO testimony went further than the pro- posals before the Committee, in that it urged complete exemption from the provisions of FOIA for CIA, NSA and the FBI, and such other intelligence components as the President might designate. Admiral Inman also urged total exemption. Unfortunately, this legislation failed of passage. In 1983, Chairman Goldwater of SSCI introduced a new bill (S. 1324)to grant certain new FOIA exemptions for CIA alone. Basically, this bill provides that, with a view to protecting intelligence sources and methods. from unauthorized disclosure, operational files of CIA's Directorates of Operations and Science and Technology and the Office of Security, if specifically designated by the DCI, shall be exempt from the provisions of FOIA which require publication or disclosure, or search or review in response to FOIA requests. CIA witnesses appeared in support of this bill (which also had the support of the ACLU!). Testimony was presented in support by General Larkin as Presi- dent of AFIO, accompanied by John Warner and the writer. AFIO again urged, as it had in 1981, that CIA, NSA, the FBI, as well as other intelligence components of the Government designated by the President, be completely exempted from FOIA. It was obvious that our proposal fell on deaf ears. In fact, the members of SSCI made it clear that not even the more limited provisions of Chairman Goldwater's bill would be extended beyond CIA. In light of this position, AFIO then endorsed S. 1324. In considering S. 1324, the Committee supported its provisions, in part to alleviate the length of time required by CIA for needless search and review in reply to FOIA requests. By 1983, FOIA requests to CIA were so heavy that the Agency had almost a three year back- log in answering. Of the FOIA lawsuits pending against CIA at that time, about 60% of them would not have occurred under the provisions of S. 1324. The Senate passed S. 1324 in November 1983, and it was sent to the House where Hearings were then held by the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelli- gence (HPSCI). HPSCI reported out the legislation in a new bill, H.R. 5164, in May 1984. Under the House rules, the Government Information, Justice and Agricul- ture [sic] Subcommittee of the House Committee on Government Operations requested that the bill be referred to them as the committee with primary jurisdic- tion over FOIA. The Chaiman of the Subcommittee, Representative English (D-OK), had one amendment in particular, government-wide in its FOIA application, which he wished to tack on. It provides that no agency shall rely on any exemption in the Privacy Act to with- hold from an individual any record which is otherwise accessible to the individual under FOIA. In other words, it would bar pleading the Privacy Act under the (b) (3) FOIA exemption. Since CIA had never entered such a pleading, it had no problems accepting this or the other changes made by the House Committee. In September, after being assured that both CIA and the SSCI would accept these changes, Representa- tive English released the bill to the House floor, where it was passed. The Senate then agreed unanimously to the House version on 28 September. The President signed the bill into law on 15 October 1984. Some relief was now at hand. Approved For Release 2004/11/01 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 11 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Former CIA General Counsel Notes from the Board Room Lauds Private Sector Attorneys The legal ramifications of intelligence activities have, over the years, been infinitely varied and often of a novel and perplexing nature. In coping with such prob- lems, one aspect that has not, I believe, received suit- able recognition has been the contribution of lawyers in private practice. in many instances, it was essential to call on such outside counsel to protect operational cover and to make sure that the hand of the U.S. Government did not show. In my many years as CIA's General Counsel, only once did I approach a lawyer for help and not receive instant willingness to be of any possible help. The examples of those who aided are far too many to think of listing, but I am reminded of it by the death recently of one outside lawyer who probably contributed more help than any other, Henry M. Marx of New York. I had known Henry before World War II and found that a telephone call was enough to get his immediate and imaginative aid. As an example, years ago we were frustrated in attempts to get a considerable sum of money out of a country with blocked currency. Henry was able to make almost complete recovery through his knowledge of and contacts in the arbitrage business. Another example: During one of our first really large operations, Frank Wisner called me on a Saturday to warn that the opposition was getting desperate for funds and might try to draw out money on deposit in this country. He asked me to do something to prevent it. My calls found Henry on the West Coast; he recog- nized the problem and said he was returning to New York on Sunday. On Monday he called to advise that, in the name of our client, he had tied up every bank having the deposits. He had cautioned them that allowing such withdrawals would be at their financial peril. It worked perfectly. The Marx firm was counsel for Radio Free Europe, whose many problems were handled mainly by Henry's partner, Dick Greenlee, an OSS veteran. For this and other services, Greenlee was awarded an intelligence medal posthumously. Since both are now dead, I think it is proper to recognize their outstanding service. This is not in any way to denigrate the contributions of others like the late James B. Donovan, who negotiated the Powers-Abel exchange in East Berlin and the release of the Cuban prisoners from Cuba after the Bay of Pigs. Also, and equally important, was the contribution of the many other outside lawyers whose work cannot yet be discussed. Of course they were usually paid for their work-in fact we instructed them to charge their normal fees-but in many instances they did not charge, or reduced their fees, out of sheer patriotism. In any case, without their enthusiastic willingness to help, their professional skill and their imaginative handling of the problems we set, CIA would have been in dire straits on many, many occasions. There were two Board of Directors meetings held at the AFIO Convention. The first meeting was convened on October 19, 1984 at 1700 hours at the Crowne Plaza Hotel, Rockville, Maryland, with Mr. Ray Wannall, Chairman, presiding. There were 14 members present and the 4 absent members were represented by proxy. The main item of business was discussion and acceptance of the Resolutions to be presented to the membership for approval at the Business Session on Saturday morning. Mr. Novak, Treasurer, reported conclusion of the recent audit of AFIO and provided a financial statement (printed elsewhere in this Periscope). The proposed budget for Fiscal Year 1984-1985 (September 1 - August 31) was presented, discussed and approved. Mr. Wannall informed the Board that the Election Committee consisted of three members, Captain Robert Dowd, USN(Ret.), Mrs. Helen Kleyla and Mr. Michael Speers, with Captain Dowd serving as Chairman. The meeting was adjourned at 1840 hours. The second Board meeting was convened at 1600 hours, October 20, with Vice Chairman John F. Blake presiding. There were 17 members present. The Board determined the terms to be served by the newly-elected members according to the formula previously agreed upon (see election article elsewhere in this Periscope). The Board elected MajGen Jack E. Thomas, USAF(Ret) as Chairman of the Board; Dr. Louis W. Tordella, Vice Chairman; Mr. Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, President; Mr. Lloyd George Wiggins, Vice President; Mrs. Charlotta P. Engrav, Secretary; and Mr. Robert J. Novak, Treasurer. The Board also approved retaining Mr. John K.Greaney as Executive Director and Gretchen A. Campbell as Administrative Assistant. It was proposed, and the Board approved, setting the dates for future conventions as the third Friday and Saturday in October of each year. The meeting was adjourned at 1705 hours. Submit- ted by Secretary, Charlotta P. Engrav. Mark Your Calendar WINTER LUNCHEON Guest Speaker: GEORGE WILL Syndicated Columnist and News Analyst December 7, 1984 Bolling AFB Noon Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 12 g oved ` Reis 21 4/11/01 : CI heroes lying t e exc ange of sto0n commodities and goods n the Intelp developed into a massive redistribution system outside the planned Current books of interest to intelligence buffs and watchers of the world scene. All reviews are by AF/O members except when otherwise noted. / Documenting Totalitarian Documentation The Other Establishment, by Thomas B. Smith, Chicago: Regnery- Gateway, 1984. Thomas B. Smith has performed a graphic autopsy on the perva- sive system of personal documentation which enables the Soviet hier- archs to control the population of the USSR. The text is liberally supported by photographs of exemplars which are analyzed and pre- sented in the detailed context of their intended use. The basic Soviet identity document-the PASPORT, the residence registration document-the PROPISKA, the work booklet and military reserve documents-VOYENNYY BILET, combine to put the Soviet citizen in a web of controls from which there is no extrication. Although others have alluded to the mechanism, none before Smith have developed fully the relationships among the documents, the laws and every Soviet citizen. Where others have suggested that a long-term objective of the Soviet state is socialist homogeneity, ethnic categories, e.g. "Jew," "Armenian," "Gypsy," etc., are scrupulously noted on each individu- al's PASPORT, thereby obviating any pretense of non-discrimination towards the ethnic components of the population. Other categories include the individual's "social position," as "worker," "student." peasant," and such. The enforcement role of the MILITSIYA is set forth with great clarity as are the regulations regarding the work place which emanate from the CPSU-controlled All-Union Central Union of Professional Unions. (Changes in Soviet law which have come into being within the last year now include information regarding one's "work place" as classified information within the meaning of newly-defined espionage laws.) The maintenance of current personnel records on this Olympian scale (i.e., all births, deaths, marriages, divorces, adoptions, etc.) requires a gargantuan system of vital records organizations, beginning at the village level and culminating in the central registry in Moscow (referred to as ZAGS). ZAGS operates under the supervision, read control, of the MVD in the Ministry of Justice, thereby insuring easy and prompt intervention in all political and criminal matters at every level. Theft, misuse and the forging of these varied documents are major criminal offenses, some of which can result in "the most severe penalty," death, being imposed on the malefactor. The severity of punishments, the labor intensiveness of the document controls, the extended presence of the MILITSIYA and the MVD, the exhaustive military record system, the imperatives of the work book and the resi- dence document make it difficult to regard these population controls as anything less than absolute. Despite the wholesale resources devoted to the problem, the sys- tem is proving itself less effective than thought previously. The princi- pal source of this startling disclosure is Vitaliy Fedorchuk, former Chairman of the KGB and more recently the Minister of Justice. Inter- views with Fedorchuk, in which he concedes the rising tide of crime in the USSR, have been published in recent months. The scope of the ZAGS' holdings, the number of police and offi- cials who check, examine, demand and issue the documents suggest that only an occasional crime of extreme desperation could occur within the system. Yet, there is Fedorchuk's admission of a growing porosity in the hermetic shroud of control documents. The cause of Fedorchuk's dilemma is a sixty year old technique of corruption imposed on the populace at the time of Lenin's New Economic Plan of 1924. The central planners of the NEP set unattainable goals in every area of Soviet economy. Failure to meet, if not exceed, these unreal objectives, automatically made the citizens into criminals liable to "white" death in the coercive labor camps or "red" death in the shoot- ing prisons. Having long experience with life under despots, various ways of misrepresenting production were adopted by the citizenry as life- saving maneuvers. Adulteration (kerosene in lubricating oil), falsifica tion of weights and measures (rocks in the wheat) and complex barter economy. Since Lenin, an ever increasing percentage of Soviet citizens owe their not very elevated standard of living to the existence of economic corruption which necessarily involves the MILITSIYA, the MVD, plant managers, housewives and professional blackmarketeers operating to provide the everyday essentials which are not otherwise available. The practice of gaining the collusion of the representatives of authority through bribery is referred to as "tufta." From the Soviet citizen's perspective, the process of exchanging premiums for the permissions and products which cannot be had by other means is an ordinary, daily experience. Fedorchuk's remarks are reflective of the most serious and immediate menace to the present day leadership. Tutta at every level has, for example, made the useful manipulation of Soviet government statistics impossible. With decades of falsifications compounding annually in the various ministries, no vestige of reality remains. In the same way, it must be evident that the laboriously constructed control document system suffers from the same corruption. The Other Establishment is a most valuable contribution to the literature of the USSR, especially since it bears on a little understood control mechanism which has been in widespread use for many decades. The book is a detailed exposition of the ways in which links of paper are forged into chains of control. The Other Establishment is recommended to the professional reader. Robert T. Crowley [Robert T. Crowley is the co-author (with W.R. Corson) of The New KGB: Engine of Soviet Power to be published in January 1985 by William Morrow and Company, New York.] A Flawed Shadow The Shadow Warriors: OSS and the Origins of the C;A by Bradley F. Smith. New York: Basic Books, 1983, 507 pp., $20.75 This is a work of considerable scholarship, supported by fifty-two pages of detailed notes, and a text crammed with factual material much of which has only recently become available. this apparently authentic account is spoiled, to my way of thinking, by the failure of the author to search out and interview the considerable number of people still available who have personal knowledge of many of the events involved, and who, to one degree or another, would modify or correct Smith's written record. How much this would change the theme of the book is difficult to assess, but I will give some examples from my own experience. But first, a sampling of errors in research, such as this statement on p. 63: "Using special unvouchered funds made possible by the military appropriations act of 1940-the first time a president had had this opportunity ..." There is a long history, going back to the First Congress under President Washington of Congressional approval of the use of a "secret fund," "contingent fund," or "unvouchered funds"-now called "confidential funds"-accounted for only by voucher in the Executive Branch. At p. 393, the author says that if a question about Donovan's organization arose on the Hill, the response was not by an official of OSS, but by JCS officers. In my short stay in the OSS General Coun- sel's office in the summer of 1944, I went several times to answer Hill inquiries, and James Donovan, OSS's General Counsel, also did the same on numerous occasions. Usually no record was kept; Smith is not the first intelligence historian to deduce the absence of documen- tation to mean nothing occurred. Other minor errors of this sort could be mentioned, but more important to my way of thinking are discrepancies between recollec- tion and the record as seen by Smith. In this regard, I will speak only from my own experience. Smith's account of relations with the British in Greece is rather misleading, although he is correct on high-level resentment in London of American criticism of British support of royal- ist pretensions. But relations in the field were a far different thing. Wartime intelligence liaison with the British in Cairo was close and free in 1944 and early 1945. Britain's Special Operations Executive (SOE) controlled access to Greece by sea, but with its cooperation OSS ran a considerable fleet of caiques to supply its own operations in Greece. One British mission which had long been operating in the Approved For Release 2004/11/c 13: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 Volos-Larissa area was challenged by the Greek ELAS, which made off with a supply drop. OSS was requested to provide an American medical officer to replace the Royal Navy medical officer who had headed the mission. This was done, and it was this officer who set up the exchange that freed the whole RAF contingent which the ELAS had captured at Kalamaki Airport. The exchange was negotiated by my commanding officer from Cairo under written authority of General Scobie. Further, as the situation got more desperate, the British had to remove their intelligence teams from up-country, leaving only the OSS teams to report. This is quite a different picture from the statement by Smith that the US Government stood aloof from the British operation. A more important misconception appears in the final chapter on post-war developments in the intelligence and covert action fields. Smith argues that Donovan and his cohorts, together with the public- ity they brought to OSS-exploits, led to the creation of CIA as the continuance of OSS. Contrary to Smith's statement, OSS was not a central intelligence agency-it lacked the coordinating function, the access to all available information, and the status such an agency must have. The debate in the Fall of 1945 was over these points. Donovan was at the Nurem- berg Trials and played little part. The acceptance of the need for a centralized peace-time organization, and for the idea that it must be independent, was due largely to the efforts of Ferdinand Eberstad (in support of Secretary of the Navy Forrestal), and Robert Lovett, Assis- tant Secretary of War for Air, neither of whom had been in OSS, and of Gen. John Magruder who had been left in charge of SSU. Intelli- gence was the sole concern-covert action was not discussed. The drafting of the directive which set up CIG was largely the work of Rear Admiral Sidney Souers, a reservist who was Deputy Director of Naval Intelligence, who had no OSS connection. Even during the develop- ment and passage of the National Security Act of 1947, which put CIA in business, there was no serious consideration of covert action, which was later assigned to CIA in mid-1948 by an NSC Directive. These misconceptions, which I can attest as being important, raise a question as to what the memories of others might have to say about some other of Smith's judgments and conclusions. Lawrence R. Houston [Lawrence R. Houston was Theater Counsel, Mediterranean Theater, OSS, in 1944 and Deputy Director of OSS, Middle East, 1945. He was General Counsel of CIG in 1946, and from 1947 to 1973 served as General Counsel of CIA.] CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 second cannot be passed to the third without permission of the first. When that permission is forthcoming the information passed to the third agency is identical to that given to the second. There is no change in sourcing. Another area in which the authors seem a bit at sea is disinfor- mation which they characterize as "a propaganda attack based on lies, false accusations and doctored facts." This is regrettable because it dismisses in almost simplistic terms a very sophisticated technique which the Soviets have honed to a high degree of efficiency. This sort of definition is rife throughout the literature-and, in my view, is wrong. Dezinformatsiya is a Bolshevik corruption of a French intelligence term which means of or about or concerning information, rather than hav- ing any inherent mis- or false nature. The technique is the reverse of propaganda which proceeds from a point source to a broad target. Disinformation operations proceed from a broad base against a single or small target, such as a prime minister or his cabinet. The technique involves providing the target with the same theme or "facts" from as many and as varied sources as possible using both witting and unwit- ting agents of influence. The idea is to convince the target to take some action favorable to the operator by control or manipulation of his data base. There is no requirement that the themes be false or decep- tive per se. They can be, but they also may be true. If we persist in limiting our concept of disinformation to crude forgeries we risk failing to recognize and counter some of the truly sophisticated disinformation. The authors note that the overall status of counterintelligence information regarding industrial espionage is in about the same condi- tion that information on organized crime was a few years ago. There is little in the way of a central data base. The firms keep most of their data to themselves while the municipalities and states are reluctant to share with each other. The Federal Government attempts to protect defense related work, but much of the high technology is not related to defense or has not yet been applied to defense related problems. Thus, the United States, in their view, is ill organized to cope with the very organized and very determined opponents we face with billions of dollars at stake. They also note that at least as of 1983 little or nothing was being done in either research or instruction in the fields of academia. Commercial intelligence is, of course, as old a commerce itself. The renewed and modern interest is a function of the increasing inter- est in high technology. Perhaps the first modern book on the-subject was Paul I. Slee Smith's Industrial Intelligence and Espionage, pub- lished in London (1970). There are still only a few serious works in this field and the book under review willadd a major dimension to the literature. A Training Manual in Cl and Security Norman Longfellow Smi industrial Espionage, Intelligence Techniques and Countermeasures by Norman R. Bottom, Jr., and Robert R.J. Gallati. Stoneham, Mass.: Butterworth Publishers, 1984, $25.95. This is a basic training manual for counterintelligence and secur- ity officers in the private sector. It is well organized, well written, sophisticated and far superior to anything I have seen in any sector. fhe authors are experienced. After a career in the Department of Defense, Dr. Bottom is director of security for a Florida college, and an AFIO member. Dr. Gallati teaches at Northeastern University after a career in police work which included a stint as Chief of Detectives of the New York City Police Department. The authors examine in some detail the varying types of threat presented by domestic competitors, foreign competitors, foreign govern- ments, organized crime and terrorists. They note that this is a no- holds-barred area in which there is a lot more going on than those not actually involved would suspect. For example, despite the illegality of wiretaps in most states, the quantity of electronic surveillance equip- ment sold would support tens of thousands of taps. The book contains a very sophisticated chapter on electronic security as well as one on surveillance and countersurveillance techniques. The authors have succeeded extremely well in describing these matters in detail, doing so in a fashion that does not bog the reader down. It is quite readable. It is an excellent text for the novice, and at the same time the long time professional will not find it tedious-and may learn a few things as well. There are only a few areas discussed with which to take issue. The authors seem to have misunderstood the third party rule. They state "one agency cannot pass along information it has been given by a second agency unless the identity of the original source has been deleted. The third agency rule makes it virtually impossible to assess the reliability of the original source." This is a distortion of the rule. The third agency rule mandates that information given by one agency to a [Mr. Smith is the author of a paper on counterintelligence organization published as a part of the Intelligence Requirements for the 1980's series issued by the Consortium for the Study of Intelligence. He is a consultant to industry and academia.] You Can't Tell A Book By Its Cover The Central Intelligence Agency: History and Documents, Edited by William N. Leary. University, Alabama: The University of Alabama Press, 1984. $20.75. Prof. Leary's earlier book, Perilous Missions: Civil Air Transport and CIA Covert Operations in Asia, was praised highly ("remarkable piece of research and interpretive writing ... high degree of accuracy as to history and facts ... impressive") by Lawrence Houston in the Summer 1984 issue of Periscope. Thus, when I learned that Leary had just produced a new volume, The Central Intelligence Agency. History and Documents, I hastened to buy it. This latter work is living proof that you can't tell a book by its cover. No one need rush out to buy a copy. In his introduction, Leary, a professor of history at the University of Georgia, is guilty of several errors, large and small. In his first paragraph he notes that "George Washington ... organized a secret intelligence bureau under Major Benjamin Tallmadge ..." While Tal- Imadge was a senior intelligence figure under General Washington, there was no such formalized structure as an "intelligence bureau"-- secret or otherwise-during the American Revolution. Intelligence was an ad hoc function in that struggle, with most functions being given to line officers as an additional duty. In February 1945, OSS Director William J. Donovan's memoran- dum to President Roosevelt proposing a post-war peactime, central- Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 ized intelligence organization was leaked to the press. Leary points the finger at FBI Director Hoover as the source of the leak, and adds that "Congressional opponents" of the proposal forced Roosevelt to defer action. While there were many reasons originally to point to Hoover as the source, more recent developments indicate that this was probably not the case. Nor did "Congressional opponents" force the temporary deferment of action of the plan. This was done by General Marshall, who felt that delay would be helpful until the hubbub died down. Thus, action was delayed from February until 5 April 1945, when President Roosevelt, a week before he died, wrote Donovan to commence obtaining Cabinet reactions to his proposals. Professor Leary is in error when he ascribes the establishment of the Central Intelligence Group in January 1946 to President Truman's "Executive Order (largely the work of administrative analysts in the Bureau of the Budget) ..." In the first place, there never was such an "Executive Order." CIG was created by President Truman's Executive Letter (or Presidential Directive) to the Secretaries of State, War and Navy. Secondly, Bureau of Budget personnel had long since failed to come up with acceptable post-war intelligence plans, and the CIG proposal had largely been drafted by senior officials in the Pentagon. Nor, in discussing the National Security Act of 1947, is Leary correct in citing the provision in that Act authorizing CIA "to perform such other functions" as the NSC "will from time to time direct" as the "legal foundation for the later expansion of the CIA's mission, especially in the area of covert action." In the first place, Leary misquotes the law when he quotes it as "will from time to time direct." The operative word in the law is "may," not "will." Secondly, Lawrence Houston, as General Counsel of CIA, advised the DCI that this particular provision would not support CIA performance of covert action functions; that the latter should be performed on Presidential authority backed up by Congressional appropriations for the particular function. Leary is also not completely correct when he dates DCI Smith's major reorganization of CIA in 1952. Actually, Gen. Smith established the Office of National Estimates in 1950, a few weeks after his taking office, and created the Office of Current Intelligence in January 1951 . About the same time he also created the Office of Research and Reports (ORR, later OER). Smith's merger of OPC and OSO com- menced by 1951. Nor is Leary on target when he says that these changes "fixed the basic organizational structure of the CIA for the next twenty years," for he overlooks the establishment of a fourth Directorate (Science and Technology) in 1963. In the last paragraph of his Introduction, Prof. Leary turns, with warm praise, to the History of the Central Intelligence Agency written by Anne Karalekas, a staffer for the Church Committee, and published by that Committee in 1976 in Book IV of their Final Report. Leary laments that the History has "largely escaped public attention"; he apparently is unaware that it was also published commercially in 1977 by the Aegean Park Press of Laguna Hills, California. This History was based on Miss Karalekas' access to CIA's own internal histories, inter- views with many (then) present and former CIA members, and docu- ments and statistics supplied by CIA in response to Church Committee requests. (This reviewer recalls participating in CIA's security review of the draft with Miss Karalekas). Leary writes (perhaps too strongly) that the History "is likely to remain the primary source to reliable historical information on the CIA for many years to come." While noting that the History was written for the Church Commit- tee and was "used" by them, Leary does not tell his readers that the Committee published it in Book IV. Thus, it is with some surprise that one turns to p. 13 of Leary's text and finds it headed "History of the Central Intelligence Agency." There is no author given under the title, and a reader might presume that perhaps Leary himself is the author. Immediately under the title is the word "Introduction' " In smaller type, at the bottom of the page, one finds the lengthy footnote. On lines 15.16, if anyone reads the footnote that far, is "This history of the CIA was prepared for the Select Committee by Anne Karalekas, staff member." This seems small recognition (if one finds it at all) for the author whose historical text occupies the next 94 pages of Leary's 190 page book. She gets no recognition on the title page of the book, and this reviewer finds it very misleading. While the excellence of Miss Karalekas'text cannot be gainsaid in general, this reviewer has always found it to be somewhat biased and uneven in some areas, particularly on the role of clandestine collection and covert action. Finally, one turns to Leary's "Bibliographical Essay" at the end of the book. Here the author describes the literature on CIA, relying often on very weak reeds indeed and showing a distressing lack of critical acumen in many instances. There are careless errors, such as citing the Final Report of the Church Committee as consisting of five books, rather than six, and misspelling Harry Rositzke's name. Worse is his mishandling of the second Marchetti case. He notes that Marchetti and Marks combined their talents in producing thtsir ""expose ," The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence. This reviewer is not certain that "'talents" is exactly the right word. But then Leary goes on to imply that CIA in "Obtaining a copy of the manuscript" of that work had some- how done something surreptitiously, whereas the manuscript was forwarded to CIA for the authors by their legal counsel. Then stating that CIA "ordered" Marchetti to delete 339 passages, no note is taken that this was the original position, and that CIA (as the defendent to the case) went to court on only 168 deletions, having released the remainder to the authors. Nor did the District Judge allow the deletion of only 18 of these passages as Leary says; the correct number was 26. Nowhere does Leary state that the Circuit Court of Appeals rev- ersed the lower court and allowed all of CIA's deletions, with the Supreme Court then denying Marchetti's and Marks' request for review. But what bothers this reviewer most is Leary's "Essay," mixing good books (and some articles) with the bad, without telling the reader on many occasions which is which. Alas! This could have been a useful book. It isn'i [Dr. Pforzheimer, the dean of intelligence bibliophiles, served as CIA's first Legislative Counsel. Later, he founded the CIA's Historical Intelli- gence Collection and served as its first Curator.] Other Books of Note Inside the Green Berets: The First Thirty Years by Col. Charles M. Simpson III, (USA-Ret), New York: Berkley Books, 1984, $3.50. Widely-acclaimed when it was first published by Presidio Press last year, Col. "Bill" Simpson's insider history of the U.S. Army Special Forces is now available in paperback. Inside Soviet Military Intelligence by Viktor Suvorov, New York: MacMillan, 1984, $15.95. The author, a former Red Army officer living under a secret identity in Great Britain, offers the first published exam- ination of the GRU in the post-Stalin era. Of particular importance is his discussion of "Spetsnez," the GRU's roaming terrorist teams- many of whom are long-time "illegals" operating in the West- assigned to assassinating Western military and political leaders, blowing up nuclear centers, attacking NATO command centers, and destabilizing the West's response capability. Law and the Grenada Mission by John Norton Moore ($9.95), Foreign Policy Export Controls Proposals for Change by Raymond J. Waldmann ($8.45), and The First Amendment and National Security, seminar proceedings ($11.95). Available from the Center for Law and National Security, School of Law, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901. [The latter should not be confused with the pamphlet by John S. Warner, which carries the same title, issued by AFIO as the second in its Intelligence Profession educational series.] A Footnote to Donald Jamison's Essay on Soviet Active Measures Capt. J.E. Dolan (USMC-Ret) in commenting favorably on Donald F.B. Jameson's book essay, "Are We Finally Waking Up? Soviet Active Measures and the West," which appeared in the last issue, suggests some additional readings for members interested in the topic: Soviet Active Measures, GPO: Hearings before the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, House of Representatives, 97th Congress, 2d Session, July 13, 14, 1982, $8.00. Soviet Active Measures Against the United States, Alexandria, Va.: Western Goals Endowment Fund, 1984, $8.00. AFIO Third Educational Pamphlet The KGB An Instrument of Soviet Power by Tho- mas Polgar is available free to all AFIO members. Advise AFIO Headquarters if you want a copy. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315E AFIO Chapter Activities San Diego Chapter. The chapter's July 27th meet- ing at the Admiral Kidd Club featured Edwin 0. Learnard as guest speaker. Learnard, a chapter member and a member of the Air Commando Association, is a feature writer, speaker and expert on political-military intelli- gence matters. He is a WWII prisoner-of-war escapee. A three-hour moonlight cruise aboard the "Cabrillo" was the chapter's escape for its August 17th meeting. A roving accordianist and a prize raffle rounded off the evening. The chapter's September 28th meeting at the Admiral Kidd Club had chapter member Phillip Tuteur as guest speaker. Tuteur, a retired Lt. Col. in the Royal Artillery and General Staff, has been gassed (no masks available), taken out to be shot as a German spy, warned he might have an "accident" aboard the Bremen on its last trip before WWII and survived to work under Sir William "Intrepid" Stevenson and "Wild Bill" Donovan as a member of the World Commerce Corporation. His talk focused on the Gouzenko case and present-day espionage. Tuteur, a former high ranking British intelligence officer assigned to Stephenson's WCC cover organiza- tion in New York, told of how Kim Philby had arranged a truck breakdown during the transfer of the World Com- rnerce Corporation's agent records from one location to another in England. Fortunately, he noted, local citizens inadvertantly salvaged the records before Philby's agents could retrieve them. He spoke also of the Gouzenko defection, in which he played a part. Gouzenko, he said, thanked the Soviets for instructing him to have a suit tailored in North America-he had one cut full enough to accommodate the bulk of the documents he brought with him at the time of his defection. Tuteur recalled how Gouzenko had attempted repeatedly to be arrested by Canadian authorities, but was unsuccessful. Ste- phenson's group, says Tuteur, effected the rescue and sequestered him initially in the famed "Camp X" in Ontario. The chapter's October meeting at the officers club featured Gerry Runyan, Intelligence Agent, Intelligence Department, San Isidro Border Patrol, speaking on trends in illegal immigration. The speaker, who began his intel- ligence career in 1957 with the Army Security Agency, joined the Border Patrol in 1966. The chapter's recent "census" discloses that it now has 109 members and that they have been active during the year: Sixty-one speeches to civic groups, conven- tions, seminars and universities, and seventy-four pub- lished articles, most of them letters to the editor-a worthy challenge to other AFIO chapters. San Francisco Bay Chapter. The July 25th meet- ing was held at the Fleet Admiral Nimitz Club. The after- dinner speakers were Don Nelson, a conservative attor- ney, and Oliver Jones, an attorney with the ACLU. Their Officers of the Suncoast Chapter at the AFIO Con- vention: Brad Skeele, Secretary-Treasurer; Ray St. Germain, Vice President; Andy Ferguson, President; Bob Dowd, Past President. topics were the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), covert action overseas and affirmative action in the CIA. Jones, in presenting the ACLU view, called for an open and honest exchange of information, observing that confidentiality and secrecy can be cover-ups; he called for Congress to know and approve of all proposed covert action activity, and stressed the need for racial and ethnic balance in affirmative action efforts by the intelligence community. Nelson advocated that a balance be struck between national and individual security, voicing the opinion that FOIA is a tool used by leftist and dissident elements to obtain information. He cited the loss of cooperation by allies who feel that any information provided to the U.S. may be disclosed as a result of an FOIA request, and alluded to instances where release of such information had placed the lives of intelligence officers in danger. In regard to covert action, he suggested that these are sen- sitive times when it may often be necessary to keep the public in the dark for a time about such policy moves. Nelson suggested that affirmative action might neces- sarily be limited for the protection of the Agency. To this Mr. Jones responded that FOIA is a protec- tion against abuse by those in authority, and that the US is stronger for it. On the issue of covert action he asked rhetorically, "Who is the master: the CIA or the Congress?" Chapter President Roger McCarthy, responding, noted that the FOIA is a good philosophy-the only prob- lem is its impact on national security. There have been leaks, he said, citing the death of a CIA station chief in Greece. Mr. McCarthy asked his own rhetorical ques- tion: "Would George Washington have succeeded if his intelligence efforts had been revealed prematurely?" He noted also that affirmative action has long been imple- mented by CIA without any legal requirement, and urged employment criteria not be diluted by any formal restrictions- McCarthy suggested that there is no place for covert action unless it is an extension of accepted government policy. He concluded by noting the long his- tory of Congressional oversight of CIA covert action pro- grams, calling attention to the two committees today and the procedures for reviewing covert actions. He opened the floor to spirited debate during which one member commented that in addition to the govern- ment's "secret" stamp, perhaps there should be one labeled "embarrassing." Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 16 App ro\L For Release 04/11/01: CIA- P 8- 0 0 0 At the Chapter's AG~ust 1~t meeting at the imitz to coor ina e c 9 i i s o t - rganizations' Club the guest speakers were SA James Fox, second in command of the FBI Olympic Security Detail, and SAIC Charles Parker of the FBI's Oakland office. SA Fox noted the total success of Olympic security efforts-no acts of terrorism marred the event. He cre- dited this to beefed-up staff, long and careful planning and close cooperation between local and Federal officials. SAIC Parker covered the illegal transfer of high technology equipment and information to other coun- tries, specifically the Soviet Union and its satellites. The Soviets, lagging in military high technology, have opted to steal it from the US, rather than invent it themselves, often producing exact duplicates of the stolen items. Where the desired technology is in areas closed to the Soviets, he said, they frequently use satellite-state nationals. He pointed to increased US intelligence com- munity awareness of these dangers and the range of countermeasures that have resulted, including discus- sions with high-tech industries to heighten their aware- ness of espionage. A continuing problem, SAIC Parker noted, are our nation's scientific publications which are the source of much information to the Soviets. He added that our system of justice restricts investigations absent sufficient evidence to justify a full investigation, citing, as an example, the need for court approval before wire- tapping an espionage suspect's telephone. The guest speaker at the chapter's September 19th meeting was Anatoly G. Myshkov, Minister Extraordi- nary and Plenipotentiary, who serves as Consul General of the USSR in San Francisco. Myshkov's remarks on Soviet-American relations will be included in the chap- ter's next report. Satellite Chapter. May 5th featured a luncheon meeting of the chapter at the Suntree Country Club, at which SA Perry Doran, a supervisory special agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation, was guest speaker. Officers elected at the meeting were Col. Charles Gray, President; Col. Charles Williamson, Vice President; and Eileen Gould, Secretary-Treasurer. On June 18, friends and acquaintances of General and Mrs. Jack Thomas gave a dinner in their honor at Patrick AFB. The chapter's July 28th meeting was held at the Patrick AFB Officers Club. Members had a preview showing of the film, "Peace through Strength," as well as two Prime Time TV specials: "Countdown for Amer- ica," demonstrating the surge in Soviet military super- iority while the US has been cutting back its defenses, and "Attack on the Americas," which brings into sharp focus the struggle against communism and terrorism in Latin America-the high stakes the conflict poses for the United States. Southwest Florida Chapter. Donald R. Randell, chapter president, has agreed to chair an ad hoc com- mittee to explore the formation of a council comprised of principal officers of the ROA, TROA, AFA, MOWW and AFIO chapters in the area. The new group will attempt activities in order to increase attendance and minimize conflict in meeting schedules. President Randell hopes the increased attendance at such meetings will bring the average costs "down to something do-able." AW& Officers of the Satellite Chapter: Col. Charles D. Gray, President; Eileen W. Gould, Secretary; Col. Charles T. Williamson, Vice President. Diamond Head Chapter. With deep regret, the chapter has announced that Edward B. Beidleman has resigned as secretary-treasurer on the advice of his phy- sician. It's not just AFIO, says Ted, but all his activities and responsibilities have to be curtailed for the indefi- nite future because of a "bum ticker." Western Montana Chapter. The Montana State Adjutant General MG James Duffy was the guest speaker at the mid-summer AFIO meeting held at the Missoula Country Club. The subject of his talk was to brief the members and their wives on the status of the newly organized "Montana State Militia," an organiza- tion that has been "on the books" for many years. The Militia is being revitalized and organized state-wide to take over the state mission of the National Guard in the event the Guard is ever called to active duty. The chapter's members have procured a copy of George Constantinides' book, "Intelligence and Espion- age: An Analytical Bibliography" for presentation to the University of Montana library. Election of officers for 1985 is scheduled for the Fall meeting. New England Chapter. The New England Chapter held its inaugural meeting on June 23, 1984, in Land- grove, Vermont. Because of the unexpected favorable advance publicity, over 68 persons attended, including wives, local guests and members of the press. James Bamford was the featured speaker. The chapter elected Michael Spears of Weston, Vermont, President; Roy Berkeley of Shaftsbury, Vermont, Vice-President; Peter Gould of Castleton, New York, Treasurer; and Jeffery Kingry of Milton, Vermont, Secretary. Subsequently, Mr. Kingry resigned his post due to the pressures of his work. Mr. David O'Connor of Boston, was appointed to serve the remainder of Mr. Kingry's term. The chapter Approved For Release 2004/11/91, : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 owes a particul )6P9raFt4k &PWARR loWil : CIA- P88-01 15R0001 0500001-1 assistance in the organization of the chapter and in otes ronl t e ssi ' Y b h - n t g in o s aming t e very valuable advance public- ity which it enjoyed. Mr. Kingry will continue to serve as the coordinator of the chapter's educational activities. At the time of its initial meeting, the chapter was composed of 28 paid members. Ten new members were signed up for the AFIO and the chapter at the inaugural meeting. At this time, the chapter rolls have grown to 35 members with the anticipation that the number will con- tinue to increase. It has established a goal of 50 members by the end of the year. The chapter decided that, given its wide geographic spread (Conn., upper New York state, Maine, N.H., Ver- mont and Mass.), quarterly meetings will take place in different parts of New England in order to accommodate as many members as possible. The next meeting is scheduled for November 17th in the greater Boston area. All AFIO members are invited. Inquiries should be directed to Mr. David O'Connor, 150 St. Botolph St., Boston, Mass. 02115. The chapter president has undertaken seven speak- ing engagements in the last six months before such groups as the DAR, local Rotary Clubs and a private school in Maine. Most importantly, the chapter believes, is the approval of the University of Vermont of a full credit course in its Continuing Education Program on the role of intelligence in diplomacy, to be taught by an AFIO member, Winn Taplin. Messers Taplin and Kingry are credited with this breakthrough which the chapter hopes to replicate in other New England schools. The 1985 AFIO Membership Directory will be pre- pared in January with December 31, 1984, as the cut- off date. If you have moved and not sent a change of address notice, there is little time left to assure the cor- rect address will be listed. Also, there may be some members who wish to change their status of either being listed or not listed; to assure the Directory reflects your desires in this regard, we will need such changes by the same date. We want to thank the members who helped in our membership drive-we enrolled over two hundred new members, ten of them opting for life memberships. As General Larkin pointed out, we in AFIO need a few good members. We are pleased to announce that a supply of new lapel pins has been delivered, and consider it fortunate that they can be offered to our members at no increase in price. Members may order them from Headquarters for $5.00 each, postage paid. They are American-made and will be shipped in a plastic box to protect them from breaking. It would be most helpful if chapters would take pic- tures (black and white closeups) of officers, meetings and events; we would really like to have some new faces appear in Periscope. In submitting articles about your activities, please bear in mind that the publication is issued with the seasons, Winter, Spring, Summer and Fall. Speaking of writing, we solicit your suggestions of topics for additional pamphlets in our educational Intel- ligence Series. Donations The following members have generously contrib- uted amount equal to or exceeding one year's annual dues. Mr. Eugene J. Adams Eastlake, OH Mr. Dan D. Halpin, Jr. Bedford, NH GEN James F. Collins, USA(Ret.) Arlington, VA Mr. Glenn E. Diamond Minneapolis, MN Mr. Philip S. Dickson Bethesda, MD Mr. Andrew J. Dougherty Pittsford, NY Mr. Edward S. Feeney Baltimore, MD Mr. Earle B. Gay New York, NY COL Richard C. Ham, AUS(Ret.) San Francisco, CA COL Arthur R. Herca, USA(Ret.) Ann Arbor, MI Mr. Peter Sivess St. Michaels, MD LtGen Eugene F. Tighe, Jr., USAF(Ret.) Springfield, VA Col George R. Weinbrenner, USAF(Ret.) San Antonio, TX Mr. Bruno J. Zemaitis Santa Maria, CA Approved For Release 2004/11/01 T8CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 The following list o roved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 g ~~w members since the last issue is incomplete in that it does not include those who requested that their names be kept restricted. Mr. Eugene J. ADAMS Col Alfons L. BROZ Mr. John H DOUGLAS 37371 Lakeshore Blvd. USAF(Ret.) . 29 Rid e Wa Eastlake, OH 44094 3316 Fallowfield Drive g y Greenwich, CT 06830 Falls Church, VA 22042 Mr. John P. ALBERTSON Dr. Joseph D DOUGLASS J 42 Broadbridge Road Mrs. Mary V. BURK . r. 7021 Churchill Road Bridgeport, CT 06610 18700 Walker's Choice Rd. McLean, VA 22101 #608 Col Charles P. AMAZEEN Jr. 1901 N. Fort Myer Drive Gaithersburg, MD 20879 COL William Darien DUNCAN , #1104 USA(Ret.) Mr. A. Roy BURKS 3002 Golf view Driv Arlington, VA 22209 7201 Warbler Lane e Vero Beach, FL 32960 McLean, VA 22101 Mr. Anthony R. ARBISI Mr. Leonard E DURHAM 1.00 Glenwood Avenue Col William E. BYERTS Jr. . 4612 Twinbrook R d Stafford, VA 22554 USAF(Ret.) oa Fairfax, VA 22032 2309 Notley Ct. Mr. John G. L. BARCLAY Calle Santalo 135 Tallahassee, FL 32308 Mr. Duval A. EDWARDS 14819 Willow Bend Barcelona, SPAIN 08021, Joan R. CALLAHAN San Antonio, TX 78232 508 Apple Grove Road Mr. James A. BEAN 141 Via De Tesoros Silver Spring, MD 20904 Mr. Kyle L. EGELSEER 7463 N. Teutonia Avenue #3 Los Gatos, CA 95030 Mr. Armand A. CAMMAROTA , Milwaukee, WI 53209 32 Valencia Lane Mr. Gerald J. BEEMAN 1511 Vista de Oro Clifton Park, NY 12065 CAPT Leo ERCK USNR(Ret.) El Paso TX 79935 4515 Willard Avenue, #2109-S , LTC Arthur W. CAROTHERS Chevy Chase MD 20815 USA(Ret.) , Mr. Sheppard BEIDLER 523 Airline, #603 Col Thomas W FISHBURN 155 W. 68th St. #28E Corpus Christi, TX 78412 . USAF(Ret ) New York, NY 10023 . Rte 3, Box 593 LtCol Gordon L. CHIPMAN Corvallis OR 97333 Mr. Howard F. BENSON Jr. USAF(Ret.) , 8086 S. Niagara Way 220 Central Park South, #61 Mr. Billie J FISHER Englewood, CO 80112 New York, NY 10019 . 5249 S. Hwy 277, # 112 Abilene TX 79606 LTC Robert E. BLAKE Col John W. CLAYBORNE , USA(Ret.) USMC(Ret.) Mr. George W FISHER 12304 Oakwood Drive 805 Battery Creek Road . 502 Grandview Drive Woodbridge, VA 22192 Beaufort, SC 29902 Sun Prairie, WI 53590 Mrs. Barbara P. BOYLE Mr. Richard H. CLINGER LCDR Mary A. FLOOD USN(R t ) 5101 River Road, #707 122 Holdcroft Lane e . 2817 Sea Breeze Drive Bethesda, MD 20816 Gaithersburg, MD 20878 Gulfport, FL 33707 Mr. Dewey W. BRACKETT Mr. Jean-Loup R. COMBEMALE Mr. Blair F FULTON II Pacific Stars & Stripes, 6819 Elm Street . 2629 Roman Driv Box 2 McLean, VA 22101 e Hermitage PA 16148 APO San Francisco, 96503 , Mr. Henry D. CONTE Helen A. GOODMAN Mr. Joseph P. BRENEMAN II 15555 Huntington Village Lane, RR # 1 Box 453A R.D. 2, Box 361 #24 , Benton MO 63736 Conestoga, PA 17516 Huntington Beach, CA 92647 , Mr. Joseph C GOULDEN CPT James D. BRIDGES Mr. James E. CROKER . 2500 Que Street N W #320 USA(Ret.) 14004 Shippers Lane , . ., Washington DC 20007 10440 Paramount Blvd., Rockville, MD 20853 , #F261 Downe CA 90241 Mr. Stephen J. GREEN y, Mr. Robert I. CURTS RD 4, Box 3070 5755 W. Ada Lane Montpelier VT 05602 Mr. Lawrence E. BROWN Larkspur, CO 80118 , 5605 Ventnor Lane Sprin field VA 22151 Mr. Alfred I. GREENFELD g , Mr. Edward DeSANTIS 1437 Smith Road 10620 Stebbins Circle, #F Palatine IL 60067 Mrs. Jane E. BROWNE Houston, TX 77043 , 3921 Avenida Palo Verde Bonita CA 92002 Dr. Richard R. GRIFFITH , Mr. Glenn E. DIAMOND Box 16 400 East Minnehaha Parkway Riverton, VT 05668 Minneapolis, MN 55419 Mr. Dan D. HALPIN Jr. 9 Eastman Avenue Bedford, NH 03102 Approved For Release 2004/11f~1 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 HENRY s Murra J Mr. Charles J. McCARTHY COL Raymond C. PLOETZ y Mr. ame #46 4510 Abb tt 29 Broadsound Avenue USAR(Ret.) o , Dallas, TX 75205 Revere, MA 02151 901 Sixth St. SW,#701A Washington, DC 20024 Phil HERR M Mr. Thomas J. McKEON S r. d 2445 S 11012 Earlsgate Lane Mr. Terry J. POWER econ San Diego, CA 92101 Rockville, MD 20852 7 Meadow Lane Waldorf, MD 20601 HILL rd V h AJ Ri LtCol Richard L. MILLER TT . a c M AUS(Ret ) USAF(Ret.) LtCol Dwight W. PRA . x 447 B P O 512 Killarney Drive USAF(Ret.) o . . Puyallup, WA 93871 Cheyenne, WY 82009 11 Laurel Drive Simsbury, CT 06070 JONES G e M L Mr. William A. MITCHELL MBY . y owr ai t ) USAF(R 6202 Winston Drive Mr. Colin E. QUI . e 11520 Huebner Road,#105 Bethesda, MD 20817 P. O. Box 361 Northfield, VT 05663 San Antonio, TX 78230 Capt William H. MOORE JONES mas J Th M USAF(Ret.) Mr. Gerald RAFTERY 550 . o r. #205 tt Street lb 60 T 12513 Kings Lake Drive RFD 2, Box 1 50 , o a 1 Rockville, MD 20852 Reston, VA 22091 Arlington, VT 052 KEITH A DR Phili Mr. Winston J. MORGAN Mr. Charles R. RAMBO N . p C t USNR(R ) 12018 Los Cerdos Drive . 5078 37th Sreet, 22207 e . 7 The Inlet San Antonio, TX 78233 Arlington, VA Coronado Cays, CA 92118 Perry ROSS Mr Col Jack MORRIS . KING R l USAF(Ret.) 221 Smith Neck Road 02748 . enn Mr. G 4518 Albion Road 1800 Susquehannock Drive S. Dartmouth, MA College Park, MD 20740 McLean, VA 22101 Mr. David H. ROWE KINGSTON bert C R G Mr. Roland E. MORRISON 6041 Munson Hill Road 22041 . o en Lt USAF 45-123 Mahalani Circle Falls Church, VA CinC, U.S. Central Command Kaneohe, HI 96744 Mr. W. Allen RUDDEROW MacDill AFB, FL 33608 3842 Palo Alto Drive Mr. Walter M. MORTON Mr. Steven P. KORN 12318 Hillcrest Drive Lafayette, CA 94549 P. O. Box 416 Chesterland, OH 44026 SMSgt John R. RUNYON Bushkill, PA 18324 USAF(Ret.) LANGEVIN R H Mr. Gordon L. NESS P. O. Box 7190 407 Cabeza Negra 87124 . enry Mr. Box 273 Menlo Park, CA 94026 Rio Rancho, NM Northwood, NH 03261 John J. RUSKIS Mr LtCol Harlan E. G. OAKES . vid LAUFMAN D M USAFR(Ret.) 1215 Pampas Lane 7573 a r. 2289 Cartbridge Road 18 Stanford Circle League City, TX 7 Falls Church, VA 22043 Lompoc (RFD), CA 93436 Mr. Mark RUTHERFORD LINCOLN les T Ch M CWO-4 Larry E. OSBORN, P. O. Box 918 5356 . ar r. 2703 Keystone Lane, #202 USMCR West Dover, VT 0 Vienna, VA 22180 11645 N. 24th Street AZ 85028 Phoenix LT John S. SALZER , USNR(Ret.) Mr. Mark B. LUNDEEN 13909 Hayward Place #35 t Avenue P 376 W Mr. Thomas W. OZGO 4 , ar . El Cajon, CA 92020 12908 Sturbridge Road Tampa, FL 3362 VA 22191 Woodbridge , Mr. Charles W. SAMPEY Mr. John G. LYLE Jr. 2020 Rhode Island Avenue #C-4 ific Avenue 231 P COL Franklin PARKER Jr. 101 , ac 2 Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA(Ret.) McLean, VA 22 203 Oak Glenn Mr. John H. MANNINGHAM Greenville, TX 75401 Mr. Herbert F. SAUNDERS 3000 Federal Hill Drive 69 Indian Cave Road VA 22044 Falls Church Ridgefield, CT 06877 Mr. James S. PATTEN , O. Box 1321 P CAPT Robert S. MATHEWS . Torrington, CT 06790 Mr. Gene R. SCHAEFER 1754 Corcoran Street, N.W. USNR(Ret.) DC 20009 Washington 10026 Horseshoe Bend Mr. A. J. PETRAS , Houston, TX 77064 158 West Newton St. #3 Boston, MA 02118 Mr. Dod SCHROTER 4364 40th Street S. Mr. John A. McCARGAR St. Petersburg, FL 33711 12235 Indian River Drive E.Q. Box 19 Apple Valley, CA 92307 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 20 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315ROO0100500001-1 Mr. Dennis A. SCOVEL 7245 S. Kendall Boulevard Littleton, CO 80123 Mr. James Craig SHEPPARD 490 Joralemon Street Belleville, NJ 07109 Mr. Daniel B. SIBBET 4761 Wellesley Drive Woodbridge, VA 22192 RADM William G. SIZEMORE USN(Ret.) 932 Woburn Court McLean, VA 22102 Mr. B. G. SMITH 5008 Dante Avenue Tampa, FL 33629 COL Leonard A. SPIRITO USA(Ret.) 39 Harvey Road Ridgefield, CT 06877 LTC Edwin G. SUCHER USA(Ret.) 2020 42nd Circle So. New Port Richey, FL 33552 Mr. Will S. TEMPLE Jr. 2104 Napoleon Avenue New Orleans, LA 70115 MG Edmund R. THOMPSON USA(Ret.) 3 Bayberry Avenue Kennebunk, ME 04043 LtCol William L. THORBURN USAFR(Ret.) 3003 Van Ness St. N.W., #916W Washington, DC 20008 Mr. Adelbert C. von MAUCHER 4611 Monongahela Street San Diego, CA 92117 Mr. Heinz Henry VOLZ 1303 Linwood Drive Wharton, TX 77488 MayBelle T. WARNER 4081 E. Pontatoc Canyon Tucson, AZ 85718 Mr. Tommie L. WATSON 1333 Delafield Place, N.W. Washington, DC 20011 Mr. John T. WHITMAN 607 Greenwich Street Falls Church, VA 22046 Col David M. WILLIAMS USAF(Ret.) 5312 Alta Bahia Ct. San Diego, CA 92109 CMSgt Harry L. WILSON USAF(Ret.) 213 Brentwood Drive, NE Newark, OH 43055 Mr. John A. WOODARD 7815 Duffield Houston, TX 77071 LtCol Joseph A. WYNECOOP USAF(Ret.) 3832 Hillway Drive Glendale, CA 91208 Mr. Nicholas YANTSIN 539 Luna Drive Oceanside, CA 92056 In Memoriam Mr. John T. Buckley Vienna, VA Mr. Frank G. Coon Santa Maria, CA LTC Daniel J. D'Aiuto, USAR(Ret.) Sarasota, FL Mr. Fred L. Dixon Washington, DC Mr. William E. Dulin Alexandria, VA LCDR John D. Garland, USN(Ret.) Klamath River, CA Col George B. Green, USAF(Ret.) Arlington, VA Mr. James M. Griffin Melbourne, FL Col Frank J. Harrold, Jr., USAF(Ret.) San Antonio, TX CPT John Hill, USA(Ret.) Fullerton, CA Mr. Richard J. Kuhn Rockville, MD Mr. David P. McBride Leechburg, PA Mr. Floyd E. McKee New Rochelle, NY Mr. Carl W. Nelson, Jr. Arlington, VA Mr. Donald C. Peck Shandon, CA Mr. Malcolm E. Robinson Indialantic, FL Approved For Release 2004/11/OOt: CIA-RDP88-01315ROO0100500001-1 OFF THE WIRE: News in Brief All the Secrets Your Money Can Buy Pst! Want to read a real Jack Anderson "secret?" You know, the kind the nation's leading muckraker offers up by the dozen every week: "According to a highly confidential White House document in my possession ..." "My associate, Lotta Tripe, has seen top secret government plans ..." Hawking such insider knowledge is a mainstay on days when something is needed to spark up an otherwisedull column. Well, we've got one of the same secrets, and obtained it from the same source deep within the intelligence community as did Anderson. Such secrets don't come without cost but, aping Ander- son and company, we've found the way to latch onto all the secrets that money can buy and not pay a penny. The trick, you see, is to request the information under the Freedom of Information Act and then request that all fees be waived because, as a journalist, you are seeking the information in the "public interest." Although one might question seriously whether any Jack Ander- son column is in the "public interest" or whether the American taxpayers should be paying the costs of foraging expeditions through our country's intelligence secrets, that's the way the system works. Last July, Mr. Anderson's column uncovered "a 14-page report, 'CIA and the Congress,' which was disseminated in one of the agency's secret publications." According to Anderson, "my associate Dale Van Atta has reviewed the report, which was written by the late John Minor Maury" and found it to be "intended as a sort of guideline for CIA employees trying to 'handle' Congress." In the "blistering appraisal," states Anderson, "Maury's disdain for the people's representatives is laid out right at the start." This we had to see; after all Mr. Maury once served as President of AFIO. So we asked for a copy under FOIA. When it finally came, we found out we weren't the first to get the Confidential item--nor was Anderson. The magazine article in question was declassified almost four years before Anderson alluded to it! Nor were we the only two to share the secret-it has been provided on request to at least two other writers besides Anderson and your editor. Included with this issue is a copy of Anderson's secret, just as it was inserted in the Congressional Record recently by the chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. We share the view of Senator Goldwater in introducing it: ". . . As is so often the case, Jack Anderson has sacrificed fact for fiction, has misrepresented an honest man's words, and has impugned the honor of an honorable man in order to make a bigger splash and a better story. I think the record should be corrected on this matter, especially since the late John Maury is no longer around to defend himself." "Challenge" Reports Success In New Litigation Efforts "Challenge," founded by David Atlee Phillips to take legal action against those who have defamed present and former government employees, has summed up its efforts to date before the courts. In 1981, Phillips sued the corporation that produces Washing- tonian magazine, its editor and publisher, and the author of its story charging that Phillips was case officer for Lee Harvey Oswald at the time of the Kennedy assassination. The trial judge, on three separate occasions, dismissed the action, holding that Phillips was a public official who probably would not be able to prove malice. The Maryland Court of Appeals upheld these rulings in 1984, probably ending the case. That same year, Phillips filed suit against four persons who at a press conference alleged that he and others engaged in a cover-up of the assassination of former Chilean Foreign Minister Letelier. Three of the individuals also collaborated in a book which leveled similar allega- tions. Numerous discovery processes have followed, with Phillips answering hundreds of questions, written and oral, yet refusing to reveal classified information. The defendants have sought to have the case dismissed based on Phillips' refusal. The trial judge has ordered in end to the discovery phase and an early 1985 trial is expected. Ambassador Nathaniel Davis; retired Navy Captain Ray Davis and Frederick Purdy of the Department of State have filed suit against those responsible for the book and film, "Missing," which contends Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 that Davis and his colleagues engaged in a conspiracy and cover-up in the case of a young American writer who disappeared in Chile. Dis- covery proceedings are underway and perhaps half-completed. The author of the book has moved to have the case.against him dismissed on the grounds that his only activity had to do with publication of the book, from which he was relieved because of the statute of limitations. His motion was granted, but the plaintiffs may appeal the ruling. A 1985 trial date is likely. David Phillips has recently returned from London, where he was advised that both substantive and procedural law in England are such that his prospects for litigation there are promising (The story that Phillips was Oswald's case officer was first published in London). Goldwater Defends Hill Security; Suggests Polygraph for Leaks Bristling at charges that the Congress cannot keep a secret, Sen. Barry Goldwater, chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelli- gence, credits the Committee with having "done a very good job of overseeing the intelligence community, and we have an excellent record on security over the years. Although some people refer to leaks from the Oversight Committees, they do not provide one single docu- mented example. Although they express concern for security, they do not mention the fact that our committee has the most secure staff space and hearing room in all of Congress." Continued Goldwater: "We all know that some members of the intelligence family are not happy with the problems we have encoun- tered in our oversight activities this year ... These events probably resulted in a good deal of bitterness between members of the intelli- gence community and Members of the Congress. They also resulted in a good deal of public discussion regarding what has become an overt covert paramilitary action program. However, this sort of problem can- not be solved by doing away with the Intelligence Oversight Commit- tees, or by forming a joint committee, or by accusing our members and staff of leaks." Sen. Goldwater summed up his view of the matter: "The bottom line is that some people in the intelligence community do not like congressional oversight. That's the beef. But, the fact that they do not like it does not mean that it is not good for the Nation. If leaks are a problem, let's identify them, investigate them, and punish those responsible. Let's institute a program of using the polygraph in Con- gress and elsewhere when a major leak takes place. Let's consider other types of security measures, as appropriate." "But, let's not second guess the Founding Fathers who, after all, established a Congress with thepower of the purse, simply because some people in the executive branch do not like to hear from, listen to, or in any way be held accountable by the elected representatives of the people of the United States." Joe Elliot Briefs NCICA On Electronics Weaknesses AFIO member Joe Wilson Elliot was the featured speaker at the 38th annual convention of the National Counterintelligence Corps Association in Las Vegas recently. His focus was on countermeasures to widespread electronic surveillance, ranging from tapped tele- phones toclandestine transmitters. He explained, for example, how electronic countermeasures can detect a radio-controlled bomb at least 35 feet away and how a telephone tap can be detected, even if it is some 3,000 feet "down wire." Elliot is currently writing handbooks for use by security profes- sionals in confronting the problem in the private sector, as well as in government. Museum of Espionage Group Gains $25,000 State Grant The Connecticut Department of Economic Development has announced tentative approval of a $25,000 grant to the Willimantic Museum Association to aid in the establishment of The Museum of Espionage [See last issue of Periscope for the group's plans]. The grant, intended primarily for use in restoring an historically significant structure to house the Museum, is dependent on the Association finding a suitable building within the next year. The Association indicates that several desirable sites are under consideration. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315ROO0100500001-1 22 Bowing 06fp %,ed For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDPRQ1 5ER81 QOM b- ~ r s SSCI Chairman, Goldwater Salutes AFIO Senator Barry M. Goldwater, Chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, has com- mended the Association of Former Intelligence Officers for its efforts in raising public awareness to the impor- tance of intelligence. As one of his final acts as chair- man of the oversight committee, before stepping down to comply with the Senate rule limiting service on the committee to eight years, Goldwater wrote: "During the early 1970's it appeared Congress was going to hamstring the U.S. intelligence services with its public investigations of alleged abuses within the Intelli- gence Community. Today, I believe it is possible to say that the Intelligence Community is recovering very well from those troubled times. One of the reasons for this promising outlook is that Congressional oversight of our intelligence agencies is functioning well. Another rea- son is that organizations such as the Association of Former Intelligence Officers (AFIO) have worked hard to educate the American people to the fact that the Intelli- gence Community is a vital component of our govern- ment. "In recent years, I believe we have begun to restore a sense of trust and confidence between the Intelligence Community and the Congress. We both share the goal of getting the best intelligence information possible to serve our national security and to protect our freedom. I think that recent years have also witnessed a growing public awareness of the importance of intelligence that is timely, relevant and of the highest quality. AFIO has played an important role in helping this come about. I commend you all for this, and appreciate what you and your membership have done for the Nation. "We Americans have enjoyed freedom for over 200 years. We worked hard for it, many have fought for it, and some have died for it. It is up to us to decide whether we can make it last another 200 years. I believe we can if we realize that freedom and intelligence go hand-in-hand." Sen. Malcolm Wallop On The Proper Role of Intelligence "The intelligence agency is not a government, it is not a corpora - tion that operates outside the policy of this Government. It is an arm of policy. The responsibility for the policy belongs to the Government, not the executor of it. Nor is policy made for the convenience of its executors. The Agency is not off concocting some kind of a thing away and apart, separate from the policies of the Government of the United States. It is an arm of policy and so it should be." Beware the Retiree; Can't Adapt to Today Former DCI Stansfield Turner, according to William Beecher in the Boston Globe, told reporters recently that one of the problems the U.S. Government faces in Central America is the recall to active ser- vice of "a lot of oldtime employees," some of whom "have not been able to adapt" to the new restrictions on covert warfare. Mr. A. Roy Burks 7201 Warbler Lane McLean, VA 22101 CAPT Leo Erck, USNR(Ret.) 4515 Willard Avenue, 2109-S Chevy Chase, MD 20815 Mr. Gleb B. Grigorovich-Barsky P.O. Box 631, Toddy Hill Road Sandy Hook, CT 06482 COL Karl V. HAENDLE, USA(Ret.) 1 Greenbriar Lane Amherst, NH 03031 Mr. Dan D. Halpin, Jr. 9 Eastman Avenue Bedford, NH 03102 Mr. James A. Minogue Route 1, Box 126A Bentonville, VA 22610 Mr. Gordon L. Ness P.O. Box 7190 Menlo Park, CA 94026 Mr. Frank N. Newdeck 4004 Francine Drive Hatboro, PA 19040 MajGen Douglas J. Peacher, USMCR(Ret.) 1001 Genter Street, #3-I La Jolla, CA 92037 Mr. Eugene L. Schwasinger 5231 Sunnyside Road St. Paul, MN 55112 Col Buck Swannack, USMC(Ret.) 5023 Diamond Heights Boulevard San Francisco, CA 94131 Mr. Malcolm C. Thomas 8124 River Country Drive Springhill, FL 33526 Ms. Audrey M. Tucker 4631 S. Oxford Tulas, OK 74135 When Casey Gets His Irish Up Reagan Lowers the Boom According to the Washington Post, DCI William J. Casey was more than upset that White House leaksters had reported Casey's desire to return to private life. Press speculation of his successor and predictions of resultant "musical chairs" were front page news for days. Yet, Casey considered his work was unfinished, and said so with "studied indirectness" in a letter to the President, the paper said. The President moved quickly to squelch the rumors. A White House spokesman told the press that the President was "quite pleased with the CIA and its director," and "informed officials" were quoted as saying the President called Casey to say he would wel- come the DCI remaining as head of the intelligence community. According to the Post, the President told Casey, "You're my man at the CIA as long as I am President." Approved For Release 2004/11/02'.3: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-013J5R From the President's Desk With the turmoil of the national election past, AFIO members may wish to devote some attention to the future of the intelligence community. This is not only solely the responsibility of Bill Casey as DCI, but cer- tainly rests on the shoulders of the members of AFIO who constitute one of the most powerful organizations concerned with the capabilities of the U.S. intelligence services. The fact that there is a powerful person at the top of the intelligence community in no way lessens the need for AFIO to constantly exercise a leadership role on issues of importance. There is always a segment of the American electorate who view intelligence agencies as undesirable-if not dangerous. While these people may never be converted, they can and should be informed of our objectives. Further, there are numerous civic organizations seeking speakers on matters of public interest. As AFIO members must know, few subjects generate greater interest than those dealing with intelligence. It is our responsibility to see that these groups never go without a qualified speaker when some national question about the information-base for government policy is at issue. And let us not forget that the written message is far more potent than the golden gems that we may produce in our greatest moments of oratory. A talk to a luncheon or dinner group may influence as many as several hundred people, but a printed article may be read by many times that number. Further, the printed article will be around a long time to be read and reviewed by editors and publishers, teachers and students, business lead- ers, and just plain folks. If AFIO expects to maintain its well-deserved repu- tation as an important leader on matters of intelligence policy, it cannot rest on its laurels, but must continue to take an aggressive role in all areas. This applies to the national headquarters and to each and every chapter. Headline Finds New Charge To Levy Against CIA AFIO member Mark Wyatt calls our attention to this headline in the Salinas Californian last July: "CIA Using Private Airline toSupply Arms to Revels" Accused in the past of just about anything wrong in the world, the Agency is now accused of supporting REVELRY! For shame. Fourth National Intelligence Symposium Naples, Florida Monday, February 25, 1985 For info and tickets write to John Anson Smith P.O. Box 2717, Naples, Florida 33939 Lyman B. Kirkpatrick New President of AFIO STATEMENT OF CASH RECEIPTS AND ON ACCOUNT OF REVENUE AND FOR THE FISCAL YEARS DISBURSEMENTS EXPENSES ENDED August 31, 1984 1983 REVENUE Annual member dues $ 69,660 $ 68,933 Life member dues 5,839 5,139 Industrial member dues 5,000 6,000 Contributions 10,992 10,333 Convention revenue- net 714 7,491 Luncheons revenue - net 2,361 399 Interest - regular 5,336 3,880 Interest - life memberships 6,830 5,398 Educational pamphlets 7,795 2,579 Other revenue _ 962 1,021 EXPENSES Accounting _ 1,500 1,500 Annual directory 6,302 6,189 Dinners and symposium 1,574 1,280 Educational pamphlets 4,759 3,440 Equipment rental 8,440 8,438 Insurance 909 464 Membership pins 1,392 - Miscellaneous 532 317 Office expense 3,803 2,217 Other taxes 812 - Payroll taxes 2,740 2,477 Periscope and news commentary 16,285 13,433 Postage 4,300 4,069 Rent 8,820 8,220 Salaries and consultants 40,905 36,261 Telephone 1,777 1,515 Travel 1,622 394 EXCESS REVENUE OVER EXPENSES BEFORE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLE 9,017 20,959 Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle Proforma amounts assuming the change in life membership deferrals was applied retroactivel PERISCOPE is published quarterly by the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, McLean Office Building, 6723 Whittier Ave., Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101. Phone (703) 790-0320. Officers of AFIO are: Lyman B. Kirkpatrick ..................... President Lloyd George Wiggins ................ Vice President Robert J. Novak ......................... Treasurer Charlotta P. Engrav ...................... Secretary John K. Greaney ................. Executive Director Edward F. Sayle ............... Editor of PERISCOPE Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Intelligence and Deception Successful For D-Day Assault, Kirkpatrick Tells AFIO Allied intelligence estimates of the German order- of-battle expected to confront the landings on Normandy Beach on June 6, 1944, were ninety percent accurate, according to Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, an intelligence officer for the D-Day landings. Speaking at the AFIO Flag Day luncheon at Bolling AFB, the former CIA official noted that "There were not many surprises as to what was to be faced... Only one German brigade was present that had not been anticipated, and it was pretty quickly ground up." In recounting the role of intelligence in the planning of the assault, Kirkpatrick evaluated the product as "Quite good; I won't say perfect." One surprise was the total acceptance by the Germans of the allied deception plan known as FORTITUDE. The plan, designed to mis- lead the Germans as to Allied intentions, led them to wait for "the real thing," the phantom army created by deception planners. "They were watching for a man called George Patton," the presumed commander of the invading force the Germans anticipated elsewhere on the French coast. "They were watching constantly for signs of Patton, of signs of a great armored buildup." As a result, German reserves remained uncommitted dur- ing the first stages of the invasion in which Allied casu- alties were "ghastly," according to Kirkpatrick. Fifty percent of the men landing on Omaha Beach died, he said, and it was only through "intense heroism" of the men on the beaches and supporting naval gunfire that the beachhead was held. "It was far from a sure thing, it wasn't assumed to be a sure thing either by the planners or the leaders." Intelligence collection prior to the landings, the speaker explained, ranged from determining the opera- tional status of new, undeployed German weaponry to the weather. Noting that the initial landings had been delayed a day due to bad weather, Kirkpatrick gave par- ticular credit to the British Air Marshal who served as Eisenhower's weatherman. The officer had predicted a June 6th break in the bad weather for 24-36 hours only. "He was absolutely right. It was an incredible weather prediction; That's exactly what happened." "Everything had been done," Kirkpatrick explained, "to discover everything about the Germans that could be known in advance." He paid tribute to members of the French resistance, over 25,000 of whom were executed by the Nazis, and to low-flying aerial reconnaissance Lyman B. Kirkpatrick pilots. "We had practically taken pictures of everyone of them." One little known factor was the possibility the Germans would use gas. In anticipation of this, Kirkpa- trick said, "Every soldier landing on the beaches was wearing impregnated clothing-clothing which had been impregnated against gas, was carrying a gas mask and had been trained to immediately put on that gas mask in case of attack." In introducing Mr. Kirkpatrick, former AFIO presi- dent John F. Blake, paid tribute to the speaker's contri- butions to intelligence. In addition to his service with CIA from 1946 to 1965, and his appointment there as the first Executive Director, Kirkpatrick chaired the Eisen- hower administration's Departmental Procedures Study Group which endorsed the centralization of military intelligence analysis. "He is one of the fathers of DIA," Blake noted. SPECIAL CONVENTION ISSUE 10th Annual Convention and Election Supplement Included With This Issue Approved For Release 2004/11/01: 1 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For RelE1e alftC0J 000100500001-1 Proposed Changes to the Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws (Last of a three-part series) by Richard W. Bates, Member of AFIO's Board of Directors Printed separately in this issue of Periscope is a Resolution adopted unanimously by the full Board of Directors at their June 14 meeting which proposes changes to the AFIO Articles of Incorporation. The rea- soning for each change is discussed in the resolution. That Resolution must now be accepted by two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by members present or represented by proxy at an annual or special meeting. Proposed changes to the By-Laws of the Associa- tion are also printed in this issue of Periscope. These changes have been adopted unanimously by the full Board for implementation after the next convention, providing the changes to the Articles are accepted by the membership. The changes must be ratified by a majority of the members eligible to vote and present or represented by proxy at an annual or special meeting. Also included in this Periscope, in the convention package, is a combination ballot and proxy form. (Only Full members are eligible to vote.) You are asked to vote for, or against the Resolution. If you vote for the Resolu- tion you are then asked to vote for, or against, the changes to the By-Laws. This ballot is also a proxy because our Articles of Incorporation require it. Also, because the By-Laws call for nominations to the Board from the floor of a convention, we must make provision for any such nominations. You may authorize someone at the Convention to change your votes in favor of floor nominations if you wish. The general philosophy of the changes is that rules for our organization should be general in nature. To unnecessarily restrict the Board of Directors and the Officers in carrying out their responsibilities is not in the best interest of the Association. For instance, detailed policy instructions for Nominating and Resolu- tion Committees can, and should be made by the appointing authority and made known to the members in the pages of Periscope. Most members who commented on our present rules either stated, or implied that nominations of Board members should not be made from the floor of the Convention. The Board accepted the idea that nomina- tions should be made prior to the Convention, then a ballot offered to all Full members to be returned to Headquarters prior to the Convention. Only the results of the balloting would be announced at the Convention. The changes establish this procedure. A strictly secret ballot was considered. The Board felt that because of a need for a proxy, an absolutely secret ballot would be impractical. On the other hand, how individuals cast their votes need not be public knowledge. The Board therefore opted for a ballot which would be authenticated by the Headquarters staff, then turned over to an Election Committee at the Most everyone involved suggested doing away with proxies. But the fact is, we need them. There is a provision in the revised rules to allow for urgent busi- ness to be raised at the Convention and voted on. Con- sider the possibility of a move in Congress, just as the Convention opens, to do away with the Intelligence Community. We would not want to wait a year to pass a Resolution voicing our concern. Without a proxy for such urgent business, active members who cannot attend the Convention will have no voice. The Board opted to fill all eleven vacancies on the Board at this Convention, then, using the authority of the revised rules, designate newly-elected members terms as one. two or three years, based on the number of votes received. The Board felt that restricting the number of vacancies to be filled would unduly restrict the influx of new names to the Board. Minimum qualifications for Board members and Officers, like three years in the organization, and re- strictions on the number of terms they may serve, were discussed. In the words of our Founder, Dave Phillips, "...Don't impose restrictions on who can be an officer or Board member. It's hard enough now to get people to volunteer to take an active part." John Davis commented that it would be foolish not to be allowed to put someone like Bob Inman on the Board just because he had not been a member two or three years. To make it mandatory that the Secretary or Treasurer not be allowed to serve consecutive terms would make con- tinuity in these vital functions difficult. Establishing a specific number of nominees like two for every vacancy, dictating geographic distribution, and establishing Board positions to be filled according to previous organizational affiliation were all rejected because the Board is convinced that this kind of restric- tion would make filling the Board next to impossible. Nominating committees can be directed to address the balance of the Board with regard to former affiliation, and indeed they have been in every year that I have been involved. Geographic distribution of the Board members could create a Board which cannot properly function. Our Board is a very active one in quarterly meetings. It could not be so unless a large number attend each meeting. Travel costs to our members could prohibit adequate participation in these meetings and we are not yet rich enough to pay their way. There are a number of minor changes to the Arti- cles and By-Laws which should cause little or no dis- cussion. These include the change in the name of the registered agent, making the By-Laws consistent with the Articles of Incorporation, and syntax corrections. There are some changes which are minor in nature and inserted at this time to bring the rules in line Convention for a tally, charging all concerned to assure with actuality or to ease administration of the organiza- the integrity of individual ballots. tion. These include requiring the Board to act on all new Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 A~p~ 6~~ s`~~ 1t~1t ,o, ss i6nuc6~pc a o18-1 The following changes to the By-Laws of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers have been adopted unanimously by the Board of Directors and is submitted to the Membership for ratification. Change paragraph A.3., of Article Ito read as follows: 3. Provide speakers and writers from the membership of the Corporation for lectures and discussion groups, panels, and other forums conducted by the electronic media which involve the conduct of intelligence as a function of the United States Government. Rationale. Remove the phrase about public media as this specific emphasis is not needed. members and requests for renewals, legitimizing the use of the By-Laws to determine the size of the Board, making sure that the new Board elects officers for the coming year, and removing words and phrases which were necessary when the Association was founded. Then there are the major changes which alter the way we do business in elections and meetings. They are complex and interlocking. They must be accepted or rejected as a whole. The Board decided, again unanimously, that it would be proper to offer the changes as a single pack- age requiring a vote for or against rather than voting article by article, paragraph by paragraph. Also, because so many of the major changes in the By-Laws depend upon acceptance of the new Articles of Incorporation, you are asked to vote for or against them only if you voted for the changes to the Articles. Indeed, the major changes to the By-Laws cannot be made unless the Articles are changed. It will not be easy to follow the changes recom- mended unless you compare them carefully with the existing Articles and By-Laws printed in your 1984 Membership Directory. I suggest you mix yourself a drink, then take an hour for a paragraph by paragraph comparison to assure yourself that the Board has indeed made changes which will give every Full member a vote on Association issues. The rules we work by were originally written for "...a small group of close friends..." as Dave Phillips put it. Since then the Organization has changed. While I think we are all still friends, we are no longer a small group of personal friends. As you read the rules and make your comparison you will find places where words are redundant, or which really no longer apply. The Board realizes this, but opted against further changes at this time. We have addressed the major issue-one Member one vote-and a few minor issues which need quick attention. I will propose to the new Board, at the Convention, that we appoint a committee to take a long look at the rules-two years or more-to come up with a major re-write for some future conven- tion. All members who wish may participate in that effort. I trust that this series of articles has been helpful to you in following the thoughts and actions of your Board of Directors over the past year with regard to changes in the way we will do business. After the initial show of interest, little has come through the mails. I would appreciate any comments you might have. I will also be pleased to answer any questions you may have about these articles, or the changes the Board proposes to our Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws. Change paragraph A.6., of Article Ito read as follows: 6. Provide assistance to Congressional Committees and individ- ual Members of Congress on their request on intelligence matters. Rationale: Add the phrase, "... on their request ... to empha- size that AFIO is not a lobbying organization. - Change paragraph A., of Article II to read as follows: A. Any adverse actions by the Board of Directors under para- graph G or H of Article VI of the Articles of Incorporation shall be taken only after receipt of recommendations from the President. Rationale: To change paragraph identification to coincide with changes made in the Articles of Incorporation. Change paragraph Al, .of Article IV to read as follows: A. The Board of Directors shall consist of not less than fifteen (15) nor more than twenty-one (21) members. Directors will be elected by Full members of the Association. The number of nominees receiving a plurality of votes cast for the number of vacancies will be elected. Tie-breaker procedures will be determined by the sitting Board of Directors. Rationale: New paragraph A. replaces old paragraph A. 1. It changes the upper limit of Board membership from twenty to twenty- one. It removes the requirement for Board members to be elected by Full members "... voting i n person or by proxy at the National Con- vention, C o n - v e n t i o n ,..." " saying now that, "... Directors will be elected by Full members of the Association. " The election procedures are addressed in Article VII. Tie-breaker procedures are moved from paragraph A.2. to this, more appropriate, location. Remove paragraph A.2., of Article IV. Rationale: Old paragraph A.2. is removed and its contents moved to new paragraph A., and new paragraph B. The statement about Board responsibilities is removed because it appears in the Articles of Incorporation, Article IX, paragraph A. Change paragraph B., of Article IV to read as follows: B. The Board of Directors shall elect its own Chairman. Subject to the approval of the whole Board, the Chairman shall appoint an Executive Committee composed of Directors to provide interim advice and assistance to the President. The Board will supervise and furnish guidance to the Executive Committee. Rationale. New paragraph B. consolidates Board organization into one paragraph from old paragraphs A.2. and B., removes the restriction of five members to the Executive Committee, and allows the Chairman to appoint the Executive Committee with the approval of the whole Board. Change paragraph C., of Article IV to read as follows: C. All actions and decisions of the Board shall be by a majority vote of Directors present, or represented by proxy, at a duly scheduled meeting of the Board, except that any amendment to these By-Laws shall be by two-thirds vote of the Directors present at a duly sche- duled meeting of the Board, and subject to ratification by a majority of the votes cast by members eligible to vote. Rationale: New paragraph C. contains most of what appeared in old paragraph B., concerning voting procedures and By-La w amend- ments. It changes the requirement for changes to the By-Laws to be ratified by members present or represented by proxy at a membership meeting to simply require a majority of votes cast by i ull members. Add a new paragraph D., to Article IV, as follows D. The Board of Directors shall designate the term of office of each of the Directors pursuant to paragraph B of Article IX of the Articles of Incorporation. Rationale: New paragraph D. contains most of the words from old paragraph C. but changes the reference to the Articles to make it correct with the changes to that document. It also removes the words about predecessor organizations which seem to have no current meaning. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 3 Change paragrapV&lYf6U'L6Jd\ROFeRL4114,062004/11/01: CIAAbR$8vVf,11 S d1bb866bt1qd as follows: A. The officers shall act for the Corporation between meetings of the Board of Directors within their respective functions. Such officers shall hold office for a period of one (1) year and, thereafter, until their successor may be elected. In the event of a death, removal, or resig- nation of any officer, the Chairman of the Board of Directors shall designate an interim replacement until the next meeting of the Board. Rationale: Changed to remove words which appear in Article X of the Articles of Incorporation. read as follows: All instruments drawing on Corporation accounts will be signed by two authorized signatories, as designated by the President. Rationale: Removes the requirement for the Treasurer and the President or Vice President to countersign all instruments but requires that they be countersigned by two authorized to do so. Change paragraph A., of Article VI to read as follows: A. In addition to any meeting of the Board of Directors called by the Chairman, a majority of the Directors may call a meeting. A quorum for any meeting of the Board shall be at least one half of the total membership present or represented by proxy at such a meeting. Rationale: Change to establish a quorum as a percentage of total membership rather than a specific number. This will minimize changes required as the size of the Board is changed. Change paragraph B., of Article VI to read as follows: B. For any meeting of the members of the Corporation, the Secretary shall be responsible for providing not less than ten (10) nor more than fifty (50) days notice of such meetings. A quorum shall be one hundred (100) full members of the Corporation present or represented by proxy and eligible to vote in order to transact any business. The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside at any such meeting. Rationale: A change in syntax. No change in substance. Change paragraph B., Article VII to read as follows B. A Resolution Committee, and a Nominating Committee for the candidacy of members for the Board of Directors, shall be appointed by the Chairman of the Board. They shall be appointed in sufficient time to allow for the receipt and consideration of resolu- tions and nominations from the membership, adequate publicity, and the distribution and collection of ballots from all Full members prior to the National Convention. Rationale: Changes establish certain minimum requirements for the Nominating and Resolution Committees: i. e.; appointment by the Chairman of the Board, adequate publicity for committee procedures, sufficient time for submissions from the membership, adequate pub- licity for the slate of nominees and proposed resolutions, and for the distribution and collection of ballots from all Full members prior to the National Convention at which results are to be announced Removed is the provision for nominations for Board members from the floor of the Convention. Change paragraph C., of Article VII to read as follows: C. Candidates for election to the Board of Directors will be sub- mitted to the Nominating Committee. Any Full member may nomi- nate any other Full member, or his or her self, for candidacy for election to the Board of Directors. Nominees must signify, in writing to the chairman of the Nominating Committee, willingness to serve if elected. Rationale: New paragraph C. establishes procedures for nomi- nating candidates for membership on the Board of Directors. Change paragraph D., of Article VII to read as follows: D. Any member may propose a resolution to be considered for adoption. The Resolution Committee will forward resolutions with their recommendations to the Board of Directors. The Board may accept, or reject proposed resolutions based upon the purpose and activities of the Association as stated in the Articles of Incorporation and the By-Laws. Rationale: Change to paragraph D. establishes procedures for E. Votes for election to the Board of Directors, Resolutions, and proposed changes to the By-Laws will be tallied at the appropriate membership meeting by a three-member Election Committee and the results announced by its chairman. Ballots will be authenticated by the member's signature and membership number. The Election Committee will retain all ballots-after the election until the end of the Convention and snail not divulge the contents of any ballot unless required to answer a challenge from the Convention floor. Rationale: New paragraph E. establishes procedures for all vot- ing at a National convention or other membership meeting. It incorpo- rates the provisions of old paragraph C. Resolution Whereas, The Articles of Incorporation of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, to be amended, require that a resolution to that effect be adopted by the Board of Directors; and Whereas, To be adopted, that resolution must be accepted by two thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by members present or represented by proxy at an annual or special meeting; and Whereas, The Board has determined, unanimously, that certain changes to the Articles of Incorporation are in the best interest of the Corporation; and Whereas, Election and voting procedures for the Association need to be improved and certain minor adjustments made to the Articles of Incorporation to bring them in line with the realities of today; therefore, Resolved, That the changes to the Articles of Incorporation set forth below be made to become affectiveafter the adjournment of the 1984 Annual Convention. Rewrite the second paragraph of Article II as follows: The principal office of the Corporation may be changed upon the approval of a majority of the Directors. The name of the Corporation's registered agent is Mr. Robert J. Novak, who is a resident of the State of Virginia and whose business office is the same as the registered Office of the Corporation. Rationale: As Mr. Warner now lives in Arizona, this change of registered agent i.s required. Change paragraph B of Article VI to as read as follows: B. Any United States Citizen who has had his or her principal duty in the intelligence field for the U.S. Government is eligible to apply for Full membership in the Corporation. Rationale: The phrase, ""... subject to the approval of the Direc- tors ... " is removed The "... eligibility to apply ... "" is not subject to the approval of the Board. Rather it is the acceptability as a member that is subject to approval. That is now in new paragraph H., below. Add a new paragraph, H, to Article VI as follows: H. Applications for all classes of membership, Full, Associate, Life, or Corporate, and all applications for renewal, will be submitted to the Board of Directors for approval. Rationale: This new paragraph clearly charges the Board of Directors to consider and approve, or deny, all requests for member- ship in the Corporation, and all requests for renewal of membership. While this responsibility was implied before, it was not explicit. Change paragraph A., of Article IX, as follows: A. The number of Directors for the Corporation shall be fixed by the By-Laws but in any case will not be less than three. The Board of Directors shall have the basic responsibility for the conduct of Corpo- ration affairs; will determine the basic policies; and will review the activities of the Corporation. Rationale: To remove the restriction on the number of members of the Board of Directors to three members and to legitimize the use of the By-Laws to establish the number of members the Board may have. The minimum of three members is required by Virginia State law. Also to move the statement about elections to an all-new Article Xlll which addresses all voting procedures. Delete old Paragraph B., of Article IX. Rationale: This change moves the amendment procedures to the all-new Article Xlll which addresses all voting and amendment submitting resolutions to be considered at a National convention. procedures. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Insert an al)-new P. a0&08dt P ees`6lQM04/11/01 : Cl B. The Board will take action to maintain a proper rotation of its members each year. As each term is completed replacements will normally serve for three years. When unexpected vacancies occur, members will be elected to fill the unexpired term in the next regu- larly scheduled election. In the event an unexpected vacancy occurs which will reduce the Board to a total number less than the minimum required by the By-Laws, the Chairman of the Board shall appoint an interim member to fill the vacancy until the next regularly scheduled election. Rationale. This new paragraph B. consolidates and up-dates the procedures for filling the Board membership. It removes the manda- tory three-year term for every elected Board member; allows Board members to be elected to fill unexpired terms; requires the Board to take action to maintain a proper rotational balance; and it requires the Chairman to appoint an interim member if necessary to keep the Board at or above the minimum number stated in the By-Laws. This new paragraph B. covers all that is still valid in old paragraph C, except who may vote for Directors. That issue is covered in paragraph F., of Article Vl, above. Delete old pargraph C. of Article IX for the reasons stated in the above rationale for new paragraph B., of Article IX. Rewrite Article X as follows: The Officers of the Corporation shall be: a President, a Vice President, a Secretary, and a Treasurer, and such others as may be established by the Board of Directors. Officers shall be elected annu- ally by the newly elected Board of Directors at the National Conven- tion and are subject to removal by the Board of Directors. The duties and responsibilities of the officers shall be prescribed by the Corpora- tion's By-Laws. Rationale: Add the words, ""... newly elected... .' to establish that the new Board will elect the officers for the coming year. Rewrite paragraph B, of Article XI to read as follows: B. There shall be an annual meeting of the members of the Corporation at a National Convention at a time and place approved by the Board of Directors to transact appropriate business. There may be other special meetings of the members, as approved by the Board of Directors. Rationale., To remove the phrase ""... to conduct election of a Board of Directors ... "" to allow for the voting procedures established in the all-new Article XIII. Remove old Article XIII as it no longer applies. Enter an all-new Article XIII of three paragraphs as follows. ARTICLE XIII - ELECTIONS AND AMENDMENTS Rationale: To consolidate amendment and voting procedures. A. To amend the Articles of Incorporation, the Board of Directors shall adopt a resolution setting forth the proposed amendment, find- ing that it is in the best interests of the Corporation and directing that it be submitted to a vote of Full members. The proposed amendment shall be adopted upon receiving more than two-thirds of the votes cast. The results will be announced at either an annual or a special meeting. Rationale: Amendment procedures moved from Article IX are changed only to remove the requirement that the changes be submit- ted to a vote of members present at an annual or special meeting and adopted by two-thirds of the members present. Instead, a resolution for amendment will be voted on by all Full members and carried if accepted by two-thirds of those votes cast. Changes also remove the provision in the original Articles for voting by proxy. B. Voting for all issues will be by ballot disseminated to all Full members, except that with the approval of a majority of the Directors present at an annual or special meeting, urgent issues raised at such a meeting may be voted and approved by a majority of Full members present. Rationale: Requires that all Full members be given the opportun- ity to vote on all issues, except urgent business brought up on the floor at a special or annual meeting, whether they are present at the meeting or not. C. Notice of elections and other balloting, and of special and annual meetings, shall be given to each member entitled to vote or attend such a meeting within the time and in the manner provided by Virginia law for the giving of notice of meetings of members Rationale.- This paragraph consolidates and expands notification 500001-1 From the Executive Director ... We are pleased to report that we have received 100 new members since the membership drive was launched in the May issue of Periscope. However, we do need more help if AFIO is to attain a membership of 4,000 by the Tenth National Convention on October 19 and 20, 1984. There is a great deal of interest from AFIO members around the country in forming new chapters, (certainly our New England members had a great time with Mike Speers and friends at Langrove, Vermont. on June 23 where approximately fifty members showed up for the inaugural meeting of the rebirth of the New England Chapter). An idea which they intend to use because their Chapter covers a seven-state area, is to ride a cir- cuit and plan for Chapter meetings in different locations each quarter. It is hoped that the second meeting of the New England Chapter will take place in the Boston area in November after the National Convention. I think one aspect that helped the New England group get such a large response was the number of stories which appeared in the press before the meeting. This was clearly responsible for the new members coming to the meeting. There were also ten reporters in attendance and this resulted in nine different articles describing the meeting after it took place. The press can be helpful if properly approached. It is suggested that AFIO's role as an Education Foundation be emphasized since many outsiders feel that AFIO is merely a social club. There appear to be major changes scheduled for the next session of Congress, which begins in January 1985, with regard to the membership of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence and the House Per- manent Select Committee on Intelligence It would be helpful for AFIO members to write letters to their indi- vidual Congressmen and Senators expressing personal concern over the importance of selecting qualified can- didates for these two very important Committees. Classified Section Seeking Assistant Vice President-Manager of Inves- tigations and Loss Recovery. Successful applicant will be responsible for investigating and recovering losses resulting from all criminal activities having a negative impact on the assets of the client bank, and will manage 18 staff members. Applicant should have several years of experience skewed to state-of-the-art investigative and loss recov- ery activities, with extensive background in all catego- ries of investigation and management. Strong communi- cations skills, knowledge of the budget process, and understanding of the criminal justice system are required. For further information contact: Judith Kirchhoff, Paul Stafford Associates, Ltd., 222 South Riverside requirements for all meApprovedt Fgor 1Releaset2U04/11/01 : CIA_WDP$ Wo13L1gk%%% 100500040119142. pl~b~aaan~e~l AF:IOBard ~Dite to sa 10th Annual Convention John Joseph Davis, a retired Lieu- tenant General in the U.S. Army, was born at Leavenworth, Kansas. He grad- uated from the U.S. Military Academy in 1931 and was commissioned a 2nd Lt. of Artillery. Prior to WWII he served in artillery commands ranging from battery commander to battalion commander. During WWII he commanded a 155mm gun batallion in Gen. Patton's Third Army. After the war he served as military attache to the Union of South Africa and as a division artillery commander in Korea. Among his intelli- gence assignments were: Chief, Plans and Policy Division, NSA, 1953-55; Director, Foreign Intelligence, Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, U.S. Army, 1957- 1961; Assistant Director for Production, NSA, 1961-66; and Assistant Director for Weapons Evaluation and Verification, U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 1966-70. He joined AFIO in January 1978 and has been nominated for a second term on the Board of Directors. Lawrence R. Houston received his BA from Harvard in 1935 and his LL.B from Virginia Law School in 1939. He was associated with the law firm of White and Case, New York City, 1939- 43. Inducted in February 1943, he was commissioned in the Judge Advocate General's Department in 1944. He was assigned as Theater Counsel, Mediter- ranian Theater, OSS, in September 1944 and served as Dep- uty Director of OSS, Middle East, from January 1945 to September 1945. In 1946, Houston was named General Counsel of the Central Intelligence Group, and from 1947 until his retirement in 1973 he served as General Counsel of CIA. He holds the Intelligence Medal of Merit, the Distinguished Intelligence Medal, the National Security Medal and the Civil Service League Award. He joined AFIO in 1976 and serves currently as Legal Advisor to the Board of Directors. Lee Echols is AFIO's California State Chairman. He served as a U.S. Customs agent for twenty-three years, and for three years was Chief investiga- tor for an OSS unit commanded by Col. Carl F. Eifler (AUS-Ret) with whom Echols worked later to establish the California and western AFIO chapters. Subsequently he served for twelve years with the CIA in Latin America. He lectures frequently for AFIO and has written scores of magazine articles. He is also the author of Dead Aim, a hum- orous book about his years as a pistol shooting champion. Samuel Halpern, one of the origi- nal founders of AFIO in 1975, served with the OSS, in the U.S. and abroad, 1943-45. He was with the Department of State, 1945-46, before joining the Strategic Services Unit in 1946. He served thereafter with CIG and CIA in a number of responsible positions. From 1968 until his retirement in 1973, he was Executive Assistant to the Deputy Director for Plans (Operations). He attended the National War College, 1965-66. Halpern waschairman of the first AFIO National Conven- tion, 1975, and served as a consultant to AFIO on congres- sional hearings and legislation, 1975-1981. He has also served on the AFIO Advisory Council, 1979-84, participating in studies of several topics affecting AFIO, resulting in numerous recommendations to AFIO's President, Board of Directors and Executive Committee. Recently he served as a member of AFIO's Ad Hoc Task Force on Election Procedures and Richard X. Larkin, a retired Major General, U.S. Army, was born at Omaha, Nebraska. He attended Creighton Prep High School and Creighton University before entering the U.S. Military Acad- emy. Commissioned a 2nd Lt. of infantry in 1952, hesaw combat as a platoon leader with the 25th Infantry Division in Korea. Following several years as a company commander in Korea, the U.S. and in Germany, he was assigned to the U.S. Military Academy as Associate Pro- fessor of the Russian Language. During that period he received his MA from Columbia University. After service on the Army staff, he commanded an infan- try battalion of the 4th Infantry Division in Vietnam. Later, after graduation from the Army War College and service with the Joint Chiefs of Staff, he returned to the 4th Division in Colo- rado where he served as Brigade commander; Chief of Staff; and, finally, as Assistant Division Commander. In July 1977, he was posted to Moscow for two years as Defense Attache. On return to Washington he was appointed Chief of Staff and Director of Collection, DIA. Thereafter he became Deputy Director, DIA. He holds the National Intelli- gence Distinguished Service Medal, two awards of the DoD's Distinguished Service Medal, Army Distinguished Service Medal, Silver Star, Legion of Merit, Distinguished Flying Cross and the Soldier's Medal. He has served as President of AFIO since October 1982. Special Notice Members are reminded that all proposals or petitions for resolutions must be submitted to the Resolutions Committee at least 30 days prior to the annual convention to permit the committee to give them full consideration. Members of this year's committee are: Larry Houston, chairman; Dr. Louis W. Tordella; Dr. Walter L. Pforzheimer; and John W. Warner. By-Laws. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 6 WApIter proved rzbei For1elease 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-013191 0 t1-1 Walter L. Pforzheimer was born at Port Chester, N.Y. and graduated from Yale College in 1935. He received his J.D. from Yale School of Law in 1938, and practiced law, specializing in copy- right law, 1938-42. He enlisted in the Army in April 1942 and graduated from Air Corps OCS in December of that year. He was assigned immediately to the Air Intelligence School, and has been associated with intelligence duties continually since that date. He served on the Intelli- gence Staff of the U.S. Strategic Air Forces in Europe, 1944- 45. From 1946 to 1974 he was a member of the reserves. In February 1946 he joined the Central Intelligence Group and served as CIG/CIA's first Legislative Counsel, 1946-56. Concurrently, he was Assistant General Counsel. In 1956, he was named Curator of CIA's newly-established HistoricalIntel- ligence Collection, in addition to other special assignments. He retired in 1974, and for the next three years remained a con- sultant with the Agency's Office of General Counsel. Since 1974 he has been an Adjunct Professor at the Defense Intelli- gence College, where he lectures and directs a seminar on the "literature of intelligence." He served as a member of President-elect Reagan's CIA transition team, 1980-81, and is a member of the Board of Directors, National Intelligence Study Center. Dr. Pforzheimer served as a Trustee of the Yale Library 1937-76, and has been an Honorary Trustee since that time. Known widely as a rare book collector, his holdings include what is deemed the best private collection in America of books and manuscripts dealing with intelligence services. He holds the Bronze Star, the Intel- ligence Medal of Merit and the Career Intelligence Medal. He serves presently as legislative advisor to the Board of Directors and is nominated for his third term on that Board. Fred Rodell was born in Germany and attended schools there and college in Italy. He emigrated to the United States during the late 1930's. During WWII he served in the U.S. Army, first in the infantry and later in the OSS. At the end of the War, when the President appointed OSS Director William J. Don- ovan as Assistant Chief Prosecutor, Inter- Eileen Harvey Scott, east president of the San Diego Chapter has been an officer since the chapter's inception. She received the Navy "E" (for excel- lence) for her role in building mine- sweepers prior to Pearl Harbor. During WWII, she spent a year in the ultra- secret coderoom of the British Ministry of War Transport, and in 1943 went to Washington to join the OSS. After completion of the Evalua- tion School, she was assigned to OSS' New York office, and was a nominee for the Manhattan Project. After the war she spent three years in Cuba and eighteen years in Southern France where she organized and ran tours for .he U.S. Sixth Fleet when it was in port. She moved to California in 1976 and has been active in AFIO ever since. Lawrence B. Sulc was born in New Jersey and reared in the Panama Canal Zone. He is a graduate of Stanford Uni- versity, and during WWII saw service in the U.S. Navy. He is a veteran of over twenty-three years service with the CIA, and spent six years with the Minority Staff of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. He also served as Executive Director of the Republican Study Committee of the House of Representatives. Sulc pres- ently serves as President of the Nathan Hale Foundation and the Nathan Hale Institute. Jack E. Thomas, a retired Major General, USAF, is a native of Utah and is an ROTC graduate from the University of Utah. He holds a PhD in political science from the University of California (Berke- ley) and is a graduate of the National War College. He has served over forty- two years in intelligence assignments in the Army Air Corps/U.S. Air Force, the Office of the Director of Central Intelligence and presently is a fulltime consultant with the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. For the past six years he also has been an Adjunct Professor at the Defense Intelligence College. From 1963 to 1969 he was Assistant Chief of Staff, Intel- ligence, Headquarters, USAF-the longest tour of duty in that position ever served by any incumbent. Earlier he had been J-2, U.S. European Command, and Commander of the Air Force Intelligence Center. During WWII he served two years with a bomber wing in southern Italy and after V-E day was with the Allied Control Commission in Berlin. He served four years at Supreme Headquarters, Allied Powers, Europe, in the early 1950's. His decorations include the USAF Distinguished Service Medal, the Legion of Merit and several medals from foreign governments. national Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, Rodell accompanied him. Rodell served as a member of the U.S. Prosecution Staff until Donovan left the assignment, at which time Rodell returned to the U.S. and was honorably discharged. He subse- quently returned in a civilian capacity to the Prosecution Staff, and served there until the end of the War Crimes Trials. Since then he has been engaged in business, both on the domestic and international level, and for a time was Honorary Consul of the Republic of Panama in Texas. He is a member of the National Military Intelligence Asso- ciation and is a life member of the Veterans of OSS and AFIO. Since 1980, he has served as president of the Gulf Coast Chapter. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 7 Approved i-or Release 2004/11/01 Eugene F. Tighe, Jr., a retired Lieute- nant General, USAF, was born in New Raymer, Colorado. He graduated from Loyola University, Los Angeles, in 1949 as a distinguished graduate in history. He completed the Air War College, Maxwell AFB, and was awarded an honorary doctor of military science degree by Norwich University. He en- listed in the U.S. Army in September 1942, and served in the U.S. and Australia. In 1944, he graduated from the Artillery Officer OCS at Camp Columbia, Australia, and was assigned as an anti-aircraft advisor with the 43rd Bombardment Group, 5th Air Force, serving in New Guinea, Netherlands East Indies, the Philippines and the Ryukyus. In January 1946 he was released from active duty and accepted a reserve commission in the USAF. He entered on active duty with the U.S. Air Force in August 1950, serving initially as an intelligence officer with the 78th Fighter-Interceptor Group. Successively, from 1951 - 55, he served as an intelligence officer with the 8th Fighter- Bomber Group in Korea, the 436th Bombardment Squadron and the 7th Bombardment Group. He was Operations Officer for the 497th Reconnaissance Technical Squadron in Ger- many, 1955-58, and both organized and served as chief of the Research center of the 544th Aerospace Reconnaissance Technical Wing at Off utt AFB. Following graduation from the Air War College in 1966, he was named Director of Targets, 7th Air Force, Vietnam. In 1967, was transferred to Hq., USAF, and served as special assistant in the Reconnaissance Division of the Directorate of Operations until 1969. In that year he was named Deputy Director of Estimates, and in 1970 became Director of Estimates. He served later as Director of Intelli- gence Applications in the Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence. From 1971-72, he was Deputy Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Pacific Forces, and in April 1972 was named Director of Intelligence for the command. From 1974-76 he was Deputy Director, DIA, and for a period was Acting Direc- tor. Next, he served as Deputy Chief of Staff, Strategic Air Command, and as Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, at Air Force Headquarters. He served an interim assignment as spe- cial assistant to the Director, DIA, and in September 1977 assumed the post of Director, DIA, from which he retired in September 1981. Among his decorations are the Distinguished Service Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster, Legion of Merit with three Oak Leaf Clusters, Bronze Star, Meritorious Service Medal, Joint Service Commendation Medal, Air Force Commendation Medal and the Order of National Security Merit awarded by the Republic of Korea. He was elected to the AFIO Board of Direc- tors in 1981 and serves as a member of the Executive Commit- tee. He has been nominated for his second term on the Board. Louis W. Tordella, a retired Captain, U.S. Navy, was educated at Loyola Uni- versity, Chicago, and the University of Illinois. He saw active duty in the United States Navy from 1942 to 1946. He served in cryptologic assign- ments since 1942, culminating as Dep- uty Director, NSA, 1958-74 His awards include the National Security Medal, presented in 1974. CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 W. Raymond Wannall was admitted to the District of Columbia Bar in 1942 and entered the Federal Bureau of Inves- tigation as a Special Agent. During his career he represented the FBI on the United States Intelligence Board and was its spokesman before various congres- sional committees and other groups. A former Assistant Director of the FBI, he headed the Intelligence Division which had responsibil- ity for FBI coverage of foreign counterintelligence, espionage, terrorism and domestic intelligence, fields in which he has specialized for over thirty years. He is the recipient of the CIA Certificate of Distinction and awards from three "friendly" intelligence services. He has served as Chairman of the AFIO Board of Directors since 1982 and has been nominated for a second term on the Board. John S. Warner, a retired Major General in the USAFR, was born in Washington, D.C. After receiving his law degree, he enlisted in the Air Force and was commissioned in 1944. He served in the ETO as a B-17 pilot, was detailed to OSS in 1945, and joined CIA in 1947. During his CIA career he served as Legislative Counsel, Deputy General Counsel and General Counsel. He joined AFIO upon retire- ment in 1976 and has served as a member of the Board and Executive Committee, and was AFIO's legal advisor until' he left the Washington area to reside in Tucson, Arizona. He is the author of "National Security and the First Amendment," in AFIO's Intelligence Pro-fession Series. He holds an MA in International Affairs (George Washing- ton University) and-attended the National War College. He has been nominated for a third term on the Board of Directors. Lloyd George Wiggins, is a veteran of long service with the CIA. He has been an AFIO member since 1978, and was instrumental in organizing the Arizona Chapter in 1981. Currently he serves as the chapter's President. the Executive Committee since 1978. He has been nominated graphic sketch. The above was prepared by AFIO headquarters based for a third term on the Board. on our records. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Presi4nteO-'f @j tOSO04/11/01: C Ground-Breaking For New CIA Headquarters Addition President Reagan and Vice President Bush led the May 24th groundbreaking ceremonies for an addition to CIA's headquarters at Langley, Virginia. The construc- tion, which is expected to add about 1.1 million square feet to the facility, is scheduled for completion about July 1987. The addition will feature two seven-story towers connected by a four-story podium containing technical support facilities [read "computers"] and an employee services concourse. It will be joined to the west side of the existing headquarters building. In addition, a three story parking deck in what is called "West lot" and a security reception center near the main gate are included among improvements. In his prepared remarks the President said: "When President Eisenhower came to this place a quarter of a century ago to dedicate the cornerstone of this building, he spoke of 'undecorated' and 'unsung' heroes. When I was with you here two years ago, I mentioned those words, and noted the heroes President Eisenhower spoke about were you, the men and women of the Central Intelligence Agency. I return to the CIA today with exactly the same thought in mind... "In three and a half years, spectacular changes have occurred at this Agency. New and vitally important missions are being performed that a few years ago many would have said were impractical and unachieva- ble: Funding and personnel have grown substantially, the operations and analysis sections have seen enor- mous increases in productivity and product; morale had steadily improved; recruiting is highly successful with a continuing growth in the number of talented young Americans who want to work at CIA; individual em- ployees are gaining greater recognition for their work; and throughout this Agency-as well as in the Congress and our Nation itself-there is a new recognition of the urgent importance of the mission of the CIA... "The changes you have underway at the CIA are a reflection of a larger renewal among the forces of free- dom throughout the world. I think many of you realize that the days of defeatism and weakness are over for America, and that in contrast to previous times, the objectives of our foreign policy are being met..." "When historians look back at all of this I am sure they will conclude that no one has played a more impor- tant role in this exciting new era than all of you here at CIA. Your work, the work of your Director and other top officials have been an inspiration to your fellow Ameri- cans and to free people everywhere. I wanted to come here today not only to dedicate this new building, which will assist greatly in better coordinating and consolidat- ing CIA activities, but to pledge to you my continued support and bring to each and every one of you the heartfelt thanks of the American people. "God bless you all." Approved Among legislative and intelligence community offi- cials participating in the ceremonies were Sen. John Chafee; Rep. Frank Wolf; LTG James A. Williams, Direc- tor of DIA; MG James C. Pfautz, ACSI/USAF; RADM John Butts, Director of Naval Intelligence; BG Lloyd W. Smith, Jr., Director of Intelligence, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps; Amb. Vernon A. Walters, former DDCI; and John F. Blake, former ADDCI. Honored also were former DCI's John A. MCone, VADM William F. Raborn, Jr., Amb. Richard McG. Helms, James R. Schlesinger, William E. Colby and, of course, Vice President George Bush. [See elsewhere in this issue for photographs and a Pre- sidential tribute to the men and women of intelligence.] Reagan Notes WWII Intelligence Tie President Ronald Reagan, the principal consumer for U.S. intelligence agencies, has indicated that he was also one over forty years ago. He made the acknowl- edgement during a D-Day interview with Walter Cron- kite, broadcast by CBS. The President was asked by Cronkite about recent Soviet charges that the Western allies deliberately delayed D-Day until the Russians had effectively won the war and, even then, the landings were virtually unopposed because of connivance with the Germans. Reagan was obviously amazed at the question, and included the early intelligence connection in his response to the newsman: "I wonder sometimes when they talk about heated rhetoric coming from me, doesn't anyone listen to what they're saying? "How anyone could say that this was an almost unopposed landing, we know better. And the evidence is right here, and the survivors, many of them, are right here.. "They [the Soviets] had not won the war, and we had not delayed for any reason of that kind. I have some reason for saying that because my own war service was spent in a unit that was directly under Air Corps intelli- gence, and we had access to all the intelligence infor- mation about things, even this. And there was an awful lot of war to be fought." For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 9 100500001-1 A Presidential Tribute ti of Intel! Without you, our Nation's safety would be mo The work you do each day is essential to the survival eyes and ears of the Free World, you are the tripwire ov their quest for global domination. "Though it sometimes has been forgotten here in importance of vital and energetic intelligence operation tionary War to the breaking of the Japanese code at N have relied directly on the courage and collective intellei to you again that the American people are thankful for, personal sacrifice each of you makes in carrying on you "You are carrying on a great and noble tradition; an, annals of America's intelligence services." Rep. Wolf Sen. Chafee President Reagan Vici Charles A. Briggs, EXDIR Vice President George Bush Former DCIJames A. Schlesinger DCI vApprovec~or Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Former DDCI Aml Former DCI Ai Approved For Release 2004/11 the Men and Women fence vulnerable and our security fragile and endangered. I to the spread of human freedom. You remain the which the forces of totalitarian rule must stumble in 'ashington, the American people know full well the From Nathan Hale's covert operation in the Revolu- Iway in World War II, America's security and safety of her intelligence personnel. Today, I want to stress -ur professionalism, for your dedication-and for the work. I believe you are adding a brilliant new chapter to the Ronald Reagan President of the United States May 23, 1984 Lt. Gen. James A. Williams, D/DIA Maj. Gen. James C. Pfautz, ACSCI/USAF Vernon A. Walters Former DCI John A. McCone Former DD/A - ADDCI John F. Blake Richard Helms Former DCI VADM William F. Raborn, Jr. Dr. Albert D. Wheelon, Jr., PFIAB Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 h, lt3t~~Tovar ull00s~1;no punches awhen he tm histhe lreseararcch, On the Intel 8mQeoB1 1 4E11/01 : CI T hiAcri~tnQedit1, v-n from h Current books of interest to intelligence buffs and watchers of the world scene. All reviews are by AFIO members except when otherwise noted. Intelligence Requirements for the 1980's: Elements of Intelligence. (Revised Edition). Washington, D.C.. National Strategy Information Center, 1983. $6.95 Intelligence professionals welcomed with relief the beginnings of the multi-volume Intelligence Requirements for the 1980's, edited by Roy Godson of the Consortium for the Study of Intelligence. After a decade-long flood of materials dealing with intelligence-an uneven lot ranging from the writings of former intelligence officers and con- gressional oversight documents to FOIA releases-the Consortium series gained immediate recognition as "must" reading for the Amer- ican intelligence community and the nation's decision makers. Relatively recent changes affecting intelligence on the legal and political scene, an increasingly hostile world and the continued increase in congressional activism in all aspects of foreign policy, make this revised edition particularly welcome. One hopes the Con- sortium will amend and update the other volumes of the series to coincide with the reshaping of the U.S. intelligence system to meet the needs of the nation in a difficult world. The revised edition follows the pattern of the original by treating separately the four major disciplines of intelligence: analysis, collec- tion, counterintelligence and covert action. It is a slim volume-- approximately one-third the size of any of the earlier four volumes. Not counting the introduction and appendices on executive orders and legislation since 1950, the work totals scarcely 100 pages. Yet, a remarkable quantity of information on the issues, obstacles, legisla- tion. reform proposals, and future prospects of each of the major elements of intelligence is packed into this highly readable volume. For the revised edition, the Consortium selected outstanding pro- fessionals to update each of the four elements of intelligence defined in the original series, and added a chapter on reforms by Dr. Angelo Codevilla, a recognized academician with experience in both the Executive and the Congress. The essays are balanced, comprehen- sive and, with some exception, dispassionate; the objectivity of tone and content will have great appeal to all with a serious interest in the intelligence debate. In his paper on counterintelligence, Newton S. Miler outlines how actions from 1975 to 1980 severely handicapped the implemen- tation of Cl activities. He focuses on the dismantling of the centralized framework of national counterintelligence within CIA. Although we are seeing a rethinking of the restrictive laws, executive orders and internal guidelines of that time, Miler is pessimistic. The decentraliza- tion of counterintelligence, in Miler's view, resulted in the destruction of the only such component in the intelligence community where there was a true research and analysis overview of the communist world. He finds counterintelligence in complete disarray and inade- quately organized to meet current needs. Miler outlines specific mea- sures he believes must be implemented to develop an effective national Cl program. In 1981, the National Intelligence Study Center presented one of its four awards for writing excellence on intelligence matters to Hugh Tovar for his paper, "Strengths and Weaknesses in Past U S. Covert Action." The NISC awards board had best dust off another medal for Tovar for his essay in the present volume, He gives an excellent, detailed account of U.S. covert action since World War II, and offers an outstanding analysis of the ingredients of their success and fail- ure. For example, he examines the elements of successful CA opera- tions in Italy and Greece thirty-five years ago and those conducted in the Philippines, Iran and Guatemala during the Eisenhower years. In comparison, he critiques skillfully the uneven record of CA in the 1960's: the U-2 incident, the Bay of Pigs, Laos, and Congo, and Chile. Tovar dissects the onerous provisions of the Hughes-Ryan Amendment of 1974 and the incredible Clark-Amendment a year and a half later which came close to stripping the nation of a covert action capability. He also evaluates present day procedures which require a Presidential finding on the importance to the national security of each "special" operation, and the reporting of such intentions to the over- sight committees for their prior comment, yet not consent He finds the procedure with the two committees to be far more secure and expeditious than in former times. Tovar's analysis is particularly timely in light of the recent controversy over the extent of CIA brief- ings on the "firecracker" mining of Nicaraguan harbors and the just- they are 1) decision makers, planners and operatives must learn to work together closely from the earliest developmental stages of any proposed operation and, 2) they must look far enough ahead to assess the likely consequences of their actions. Tovar seems satisfied that covert action is adequately founded in the executive power and remains a viable technique for furthering our national interests. Beginning in the mid-1970's media attention and congressional debate focused on allegations of abuses, violations of civil liberties, misuse of executive authority and intervention in the affairs of sover- eign foreign states. In this atmosphere the quality of intelligence analysis and estimates was largely ignored and, where discussed, generally dismissed as being "inadquate." In his challenging essay on analysis, former DIA Director Gen- eral Daniel O. Graham strongly defends competitive analysis. His theme will not be dear to those in CIA who view the Agency as the paramount influence in American intelligence. The General admits that opinions differ widely and are strongly held, yet feels many CIA analysts tend to believe their own estimates are the only means of achieving a proper perspective in the face of what is seen as the military's self-serving analysis. Graham contends that the CIA ana- lysts have a remarkable record of underestimating the Soviet armed forces, and looks with some apprehension that their Agency has gained considerable support for an even greater centralization of the intelligence community. The core responsibility of CIA, clandestine collection of foreign intelligence, is ably handled in a chapter by Samuel Halpern He recognizes that neither human nor technical intelligence alone can answer all the nation's needs and emphasizes that collectors and analysts of both types of information must recognize this interde- pendence. The result must be recognition that only coordination achieves their common goals. Technical intelligence, with its great volume, has freed the HUMINT collector to concentrate on "intent"-the highest level intelligence not otherwise obtainable. Halpern warns there will be an even greater need for such clandestine collection in the 1980's as an increasing number of countries in the Third World become closed societies. On another important point, his urging of protection of intelligence sources and methods extends beyond the obvious; he points to the need to retain the confidence of allied liaison services and the domestic business community. Dr. Codevilla in discussing proposed reforms, observes that few of the parties interesting themselves in intelligence reform- politicians, journalists and bureaucrats-have made specific, con- structive, non-politically motivated suggestions. He leads us through the period of the battle over the legislative charters for the intelli- gence agencies beginning in 1980, the Intelligence Identities Protec- tion Act of 1982, the response to CIA's repeated requests for some relief from the Freedom of Information Act and the impact of the re-establishment of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board. In reading these essays one cannot escape the conclusion that the four major disciplines discussed are closely-related and non- separable, and that the success of any one of them is related to the effectiveness achieved in the others. It is a disciplined study certain to attract fresh academic attention and understanding of intelligence. Mark Wyatt Perilous Missions. Civil Air Transport and CIA Covert Operations in Asia by William M. Leary, University: The University of Alabama Press, 1984. $22 50 I regard this as a remarkable piece of research and interpretive writing on a complicated and difficult subject. Since the Agency's part in air operations in the Far East was largely declassified in the early 1970's a great deal of information was available to the author, even more came out under the Freedom of Information Act. To assemble and analyze all this material and to put it in read- able form was difficult enough, but to do this with such a high degree of accuracy as to history and facts is most unusual in our experience with CIA histories. The way Mr Leary gets the atmosphere, the feelings and the spirit of the events is impressive. I spotted a few errors which are so minor as not to be worth mentioning, particularly as they do not materially affect the basic story. This book can be taken as an excel- lent picture of the way it was in theperiod covered. It augurs well for which is to cover Air America. Leary's next volume , concluded agreement between CIA and the Senate intelligence committee for full and. eeaarroved ror elease 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-fawrence R. Houston A Continuing ftNdWor Release 2004/11/01: C the Intelligencaft The Foreign Intelligence Book Series, University Publications of America, Frederick, Maryland, 1983- In 1981, CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence published Thomas F. Troy's Donovan and the CIA in a limited unclassified edition of 2,000 copies. Originally a classified study, it is remarkable that only about six pages were lost in the declassification procedure. The demand quickly depleted CIA's stock. A government publication not protected by copyright, it was republished commercially in 1981 by University Publications of America (UPA). In January 1982, Troy retired from CIA and began the first of two projects he had in mind with the same publisher. The first was to edit a bimonthly newsletter with book reviews on the literature of intelligence, and in February 1982 the "Foreign Intelligence Literary Scene," with Troy as editor, made its debut. Meanwhile, Troy turned his attention to the second project-ferreting out worthwhile intelli- gence manuscripts to publish and republishing some good out-of- print intelligence books. The resultant Foreign Intelligence Book Series (which bears the unfortunate acronym of FIBS) now com- prises eight volumes. While space does not permit commenting on all of them, this reviewer invites the reader to a few titles from the series. One of special interest is In and Out of Stalin's GRU: A Tatar's Escape from RedArmy Intelligence by Ismail Akhmedov (UPA, 1984. $20). It is one of the few books published on the activities of the GRIJ, the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Soviet General Staff. It tells of Akhmedov's life from his birth in 1904 in Orsk, USSR. through his youth and career in the GRU (where he rose to the rank of Lt. Col.), to his defection in Turkey in 1942. A Tatar and devout Muslim, Akhmedov remained in Turkey until coming to the United States in 1953. One of the most interesting chapters in the book describes Akhmedov's lengthy debriefing in Turkey in 1948 by the British chief of station there-Kim Philby. Despite his intelligence experience, Akhmedov did not detect any possibility that Philby might be a Soviet agent, although in hindsight he now writes of things that might have put him on his guard. Akhmedov is of particular interest to this reviewer who was serving as CIA's Legislative Counsel when Akhmedov was debriefed by CIA on his arrival in America. At that time, the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee was interested in obtaining testimony about Soviet intelligence from such defectors. It was determined that Akhmedov should be the first such witness, and arrangements were made one evening in my apartment between Akhmedov and Robert Morris, counsel to the subcommittee. It was an interesting evening as they outlined the material of which Akhmedov would testify. At the last minute CIA decided its relationship should not show pub- licly, the testimony should be given in New York and, for this reason (I was too well known on the hill), I should not attend. Thirty years were to pass before I saw Akhmedov again, shortly before this inter- esting volume was published. Another book of some importance in the FIBS series is Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken, and How It Was Read by the A/lies in World War II by Wladyslaw Kozaczuk (UPA, 1984. $24). In 1967, Col. Kozaczuk wrote a book published in War- saw, the translated title of which was The Battle of Secrets. The Intelligence Services of Poland and the German Reich, 1922-1939. It seems not to have made much of a splash, although Britain official historians characterize it as "the earliest [book] to reveal the fact that the Enigma had been broken." As Kozaczuk's first book ends with 1939, the detailed story of the British breakthrough into high level German ciphers was not included, and remained a secret until the publication of F. W. Winterbotham's The Ultra Secret in 1974. (Nor can one completely overlook General Gustave Bertrand's book Enigma, published in Paris in 1973 and the pretext used by Winter- botham to circumvent application of the UK "D Notice.") Which brings us to Kozaczuk's second book, also entitled Enigma, published in Warsaw in 1979, and now issued in English by FIBS. The major effort of this book is to describe the role of Polish cryptologists in breaking the early Enigma ciphers. When the Germans made certain technical advances about 1938, the Poles were stymied and in mid-1939, with war clouds thickening over Europe, gave both the British and French a copy of the Enigma machine they had constructed. They also provided wir- c~months-a tremen- wi hfch will leave us ever thankful to the Poles. It must not be overlooked. Having said this, however, one cannot help noting that Kozaczuk's writing is perhaps overbalanced by his desire to give his Polish compatriots more credit than perhaps they should have, important though their early role was. It should be recalled that much of the Polish success against the earlier Enigma was achieved by three brilliant young Polish mathema- ticians. Kozaczuk seems to have had lengthy conversations with one of them, Marian Rejewski, in assembling the book and some of Rejewski's own v~.?ritings on Enigma are presented in the appen- dices, increasing the value of this volume. The reader should be warned that much of the latter material is highly technical, replete with mathematical formulas which, important as they are, are hardly bedside reading. A final criticism is that Kozaczuk has occasionally leaned on weak published sources-Winterbotharn in particular. Having said this, however, I feel that Kozaczuk's Enigma should be placed on the shelf of important books on the Ultra secret. An important reprint in the FIBS series is SOE in France.- The Work of the British Special Operations Executive in France 1940- 1944 by Michael R. D. Foot (UPA, 1984, $29.50). This book was originally published in London in 1966 as a volume in the official British series on the history of the World War II. Its publication in America is long overdue. SOE was the British counterpart (and, of course, preceded) that section of OSS which worked with resistance movements in the Axis occupied territories. While this volume is restricted to SOE in France, there are some useful early sections of the book which deal briefly with the origins of SOE, communications and security, all contributing to the excellence of this volume for the intelligence professional. And it is a good read. Finally, mention should be made of another FIBS choice, British Military Intelligence, 1870-1914 by Thomas G. Ferguson (UPA, 1984, $25). Lt. Col. Ferguson is a West Point graduate. a PhD from Duke University where his doctoral thesis became the book before us. At the time of publication, Lt. Col. Ferguson was Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2, of the Third Infantry Division, stationed in Germany. Most of his military career has been spent in intelligence assign- ments. Although this reviewer has yet to read it, those who have read the book find it an excellent treatment of the subject and a good contribution to the literature and history of intelligence. Terrorism and the American Response by Alvin H. Buckelew, San Rafael, CA: Mira Academic Press, 1984. $12.95 Dr. Buckelew's book is a valuable contribution to the public discussion of how the United States can respond to the terrorist threat. The author is not simply content to recount anecdotes or indulge in speculation. His is a serious, well-documented plan for a governmental structure that will meet the threat. It is designed, as he tells us, to be "politically feasible"; it does not sacrifice civil liber- ties; it involves both the highest level of executive authority as well as the combined skills and resources of many other federal agencies; and it also brings in the talents of the private sector. This is not necessarily an endorsement of the specifics of Dr. Buckelew's model, but it is an endorsement of his approach and methods. The public discussion of terrorism and the proper means to combat it has often been sidetracked onto other issues, while con- crete plans to meet the terrorist threat and provide protection for the lives and rights of Americans have been neglected. After the bomb- ing of the U.S. Capitol Building in November, 1983, after the violence directed against American marines and diplomats in Lebanon and Kuwait last winter, it is likely that both the Congress and the Ameri- can people, as well as the executive branch, will be discussing ter- rorism for some time to come. There is no better place to begin to understand that threat or to begin the discussion than with a thor- ough reading of Dr. Buckelew's book, which I hope will lead to a national debate and fruitful reforms growing out of his recom- mendations. From the foreward by Senator John P. East ing diagrams for the "Bombe," an early form of electric calculator [AFIO member Buckelew's text may be ordered by mail from: MIRA which had been of great value in the Polish decyrption efforts. These Academic Press, P.O. Box 4334, Civic Center Branch San Rafael, valued gifts from the Polish intelligence service have been character- CA 94913-4334, $14.95 including postage; $15.79 for California ized by official British so ..a....____ ., - r u ces residents, mcludln post Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-613' NM6966001-1 13 AFIO chap oAathW 611/01 : CI Arizona Arizona Chapter. The chapter met at Casa Grande on May 1 9th at which they received a briefing on mis- sile systems by a representative of Davis-Montham Air Force Base, Tucson. "National Security and the First Amendment, the second pamphlet in AFIO's Intelli- gence Profession Series, was reviewed briefly by its author, John S. Warner, and members were briefed on the chapter's resolution, forwarded to AFIO, on election procedures. San Diego Chapter. Thirty members attended the chapter's April 27th meeting to hear John Andrews discuss scale-modeling. In his talk, "Security... Real or Imagined" he used slides to highlight the presumed ""secrets" he had learned through the production of U-2 and SR-71 model kits. The nominating committee, chaired by Fred Deamont, presented a slate of officers for consideration at the next meeting. Fifty-three attended the chapter's May 25th meet- ing to hear SAC Gary Penrith of the FBI, discuss his office's involvement in security and protection at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. He noted the personnel drain of this assignment, particularly with the heavy case load in narcotics, white collar crime, espionage, bank robberies and the like, carried by the FBI's San Francisco office. The chapter's June 22nd meeting featured a talk by chapter member Wally Driver, a veteran of under- cover assignments, who spoke on "What it's REALLY like to be a spy!" Lee Echols, chairman for California, board of directors, installed the officers elected at the May meeting. They are: Quinn Matthewson, president; Jerry Cerkanowicz, first vice president; Fred Allen, second vice president; John Clapp, treasurer; and Eliza- beth Allison, secretary. Fred Main and Francis Thornton were named directors-at-large. Outgoing secretary Eileen Scott was named chapter public relations officer. San Francisco Bay Chapter. The March 15th meeting of the chapter was held at the Moffitt Field Officers' Club, chaired by its new president, Roger E. McCarthy. The chapter has agreed to return to monthly meetings and plans to invite members of the Bay Area Law Enforcement and Security Council, the Navy League and ASIS to those featuring major speakers. It was announced that Dr. Alvin Buckelew, assisted by Harold Christensen, will spearhead the chapter's speakers' bureau. At the chapter's May 16th meeting the fea- tured speaker was Dr. Paul Seabury, a member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board. For its June meeting, the chapter heard Eldridge Cleaver dis- cuss his escape to Cuba to avoid prosecution, and the disillusionment with communism and other factors which convinced him to return to the United States and surrender himself. Cleaver presently is a candidate for Congress with a strongly anti-communist platform. [See feature article elsewhere in this issue.] Approved For Release 2004/11/01 San Diego chapter officers Quinn Matthewson [left] and Jerry Cerkanowicz [right] present the watch officer of the aircraft carrier Constellation with a cer- tificate of appreciation after the chapter's recent tour of the ship. Colorado Rocky Mountain Chapter. Members of the chap- ter participated in a highly successful conference on "Intelligence: Policy and Process" sponsored by the U.S. Air Force Academy, June 6th and 7th. Members participating in the several panel discussions were Harry Howe Ransom, Stafford Thomas, William Mott, William Johnson and Robert Molloy. Florida Suncoast Chapter. At its April meeting, the chap- ter elected the following officers for the coming year: LCDR Andrew J. Ferguson (USNR-Ret), President; LT. Raymond C.A. St. Germain (Ret); and Bradley T. Skeels, Secretary-Treasurer. The chapter has launched a highly productive membership drive; in addition, it is culling the AFIO membership directory for members in the area who might wish chapter affiliation. Hawaii Diamond Head Chapter. The chapter met June 21st at the Camp Smith Officers' Club to receive an update on the Pacific intelligence community's percep- tion of Soviet Russia's and Communist China's threat to the Pacific Basin in particular and the United States in general. The briefing was given by BG Jimmy C. Petty- john, Director of Intelligence, PACOM. [Editor's note: The chapter's meeting notice indicates Hawaiian deli- cacies were served during the cocktail hour and, appro- priate to the Pearl of the Pacific, Aloha attire was an acceptable uniform of the day.] Illinois Greater Chicago Chapter. MAJ Thomas B. Mackie (AUS-Ret) continues to issue his highly informative monthly newsletter "Periscope II," featuring chapter announcements and a varied assortment of news clip- pings of interest to the membership. The June issue featured 24 pages. CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Vermont Approved For Release 2004/11/01 :rGl "b1jij1 o?*O bA'D`r-'I'eriea New England Chapter. The inaugural meeting of Better Than Red Sanctuary the New England Chapter was held June 23rd at the Village Inn, Langrove, Vermont. Following an organiza- tional meeting in the morning, guests joined the members for a luncheon at which the guest speaker was James Bamford, author of "The Puzzle Palace." For members staying over after the meeting, Mr. and Mrs. Michael F. Speers entertained at a late afternoon cookout and swimming party. It is anticipated that future meetings will be held on a flexible quarterly basis at different locations convenient to the membership. The next meeting is set for November 17, 1984, in the Boston area. [Chapters are reminded that the deadline for reports for the next issue of Periscope is October 1 st. To date, no chapter has submitted information for the "Chapter Spotlight" feature announced in the last issue.] Notes From the Board Room The AFIO Board of Directors met at 1400 hours at the Bolling Air Force Base Officers' Club on June 14, 1984, with Mr. Ray Wannall, Chairman, presiding. Twelve members were present and the six absent members were represented by proxy. Col. Bruce Baumgardner, USAF(Ret.) reported on progress to date in planning for the 1984 Convention and the Board discussed possible speakers, panelists and topics. (See Periscope insert for further information.) Capt. Richard Bates, USN(Ret.) further discussed changes in the election procedures, changes in the Arti- cles of Incorporation and By-Laws and presented draft of proposed Resolution to effect these changes. The Board discussed and approved the changes and the Resolution which will be presented to the membership for approval. The slate of nominees for election to the Board of Direc- tors, proposed by the Nominating Committee, was dis- cussed and approved by the Board. Biographic infor- mation and photos of the nominees will be included in Periscope. Mr. Lawrence Houston, Legal Advisor, reported to the Board that, based on meetings with Fairfax County officials and a Virginia State legislator, AFIO cannot be exempted from Fairfax County Gross Receipts taxes and Personal Property taxes, and that it is not feasible to seek legislative relief from the State. The meeting was adjourned at 1545 hours. Submit- ted by Secretary, Charlotta P. Engrav. STILL AVAILABLE! AFIO Speakers' Kit Third Edition Only $5 Place Your Order From Headquarters Today Eldridge Cleaver has joined the ranks of those like Louis Budenz, Elizabeth Bentley and Wittaker Chambers in exposing the false promise of communism. A former radical, Cleaver told AFIO's San Francisco Bay Chapter recently of fleeing the country two days before he was to begin a prison sentence. His options at the time, he said, were to go to prison, to go "underground," or to flee to Communist Cuba. He chose the latter based on an offer of safe haven and assistance which had been extended with the approval of Fidel Castro. On arrival there he was given a hero's reception, a penthouse, a custom-tailored Castro-style uniform and a small arsenal-an AK-47 and a sidearm. It was not long before his illusions were shattered. He recognized the total suppression of the people, came to understand why so many Cubans risked their lives to leave. He told of one Cuban friend who said that if controls on the population were any less, the only ones who would be left in Cuba would be Castro and his brother Raoul, Che Guevara having already left. From freed highjackers he learned of the severe mistreatment of those in jail, and from personal observation witnessed the extensive cor- ruption practiced by Cuban communist officials. His dis- illusionment led him to seek permission to visit Algeria. From there he traveled extensively throughout the Communist Bloc. One thing he learned from all of them, and the North Koreans impressed him particularly in this regard, was the doctrinaire approach of the communist states and their analysis of the stengths and weaknesses of non-communist countries, particularly the United States. He was struck by the plans the communists made to weaken free-world strengths and to exploit weaknesses to their own advantage. Cleaver said this was done by all the major communist countries, some more effec- tively than others, but all had the common theme of undermining the United States. He cited the extensive use of the cultural and press attache systems in com- munist diplomatic missions abroad, and their success- ful invasion of the media and the campuses of the United States. Cleaver divides the communist world into three power blocks: the Soviet Union, Communist China and the Third World. He explained that although they are not in harmony and each is struggling for supremacy, all three have one fixation: that only the United States stands in the way of their individual success. The speaker credited his children as being the cli- maxing influence in his decision to return to the United States and turn himself in. It was an easy choice to make, he said, knowing that the judicial and prison sys- tems here were far more just than anything he had seen in the communist world. From the moment of that confrontation with his former ideals, said Cleaver, he wanted to be a supporter of this country rather than an opponent. Cleaver spoke for over an hour and fielded ques- tions for another forty minutes, covering a wide range of topics. The audience was long in applause and praise of his presentation reports one observer. pproved or a ease /11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 DCI Casey DeA130o$Wi% Release 2004/11/01 : dA 5 09-RMCA`00500001-1 Hi-Tech Espionage Gains Sources and Methods In a talk recently before the prestigious Commonwealth Club of California, DCI William J. Casey disclosed the extent of technical espionage conducted by the USSR in recent years. In part, he said: "You in this room are the bull's eye in a massive, well- coordinated and precisely targeted Soviet technology acquisition program. The ability of the Soviet military- industrial complex to acquire and assimilate Western technology far exceeds previous estimates. "During the late 1970's, the Soviets got about 30,000 samples of Western production equipment, weapons and military compo- nents, and over 400,000 technical documents both classified and unclassified. The majority was of US origin, with an increasing share of our technology obtained through Western Europe and Japan. This truly impressive take was acquired by both legal and illegal means, including espionage. We estimate that during this period the KGB and its military equivalent, the GRU, and their surrogates among the East European intelligence services illegally stole about 70 percent of the technology most significant to Soviet military equipment and weapons programs. "The Soviets had our plans to the C-5A before it flew. The Soviet trucks which rolled into Afghanistan came from a plant outfit- ted with $1.5 billion of modern American and European machinery. The precise gyros and bearings in their latest generation of ICBMs were designed by us. The radar in their AWACS is ours. Their space shuttle is a virtual copy of ours. And the list goes on. "Just how do the Soviets get so much of our technology? First of all, they comb through our open literature, buy through legal trade channels, religiously attend our scientific and technological confer- ences, and send students over here to study. Between 1970 and 1976, the Soviets purchased some $20 billion of Western equip- ment and machinery, some of which had potential military applica- tions. In addition to exploiting all open, legal channels, they use espionage. There are now several thousand Soviet Bloc collection officers at work primarily in the United States, Western Europe and Japan. And as I stated before, your firms here in Silicon Valley are at the very top of the list. "The Soviets especially pinpoint and target small, highly innova- tive companies in the computer and microelectronics field, not only because they are at the leading edge of the technologies that Mos- cow is most in need of, but also because such firms' security proce- dures are usually inadequate to protect against penetration by a determined, hostile intelligence service. They also use sophisticated international diversion operations. We have identified some 300 firms operating from more than 30 countries engaged in such diver- sion schemes. And there are probably many more than remain unidentified... "With these gains, the Soviets have systematically built a mod- ern microelectronics industry. For example, the Zelenograd Science Center, the Soviet equivalent of Silicon Valley, was equipped, liter- ally from scratch, with Western technology. All Soviet monolithic integrated circuits are copies of US designs. They even copied the imperfections contained in some of the US samples!" Willimantic Plans Espionage Museum A Museum of Espionage is currently in the planning stages at Willimantic, Connecticut. Envisioned as a blending of factual history and fiction, the founding group indicates much of the "hands-on" display material will consist primarily of props used in movies and TV shows and such personal materials as they are able to obtain from authors and actors working in the genre. It has announced that the CIA, FBI, NSA and several writers of espionage fiction have expressed interest in the concept and offered varying degrees of assistance. Also in planning for the 1985 opening are an espionage giftshop- bookstore, a comprehensive library, bookclub, newsletter, speakers on the history and function of the intelligence community, and a continuing series of classic spy films. "We cannot guarantee that the museum will become a reality," says Michael J. Westerfield, the museum association's secretary. "To a great extent the success or failure of the Museum of Espion- age will depend on public support through membership in the Museum Association," he notes. The address of the Willimantic Museum Association is P.O. Box 752, Willimantic, CT 06226, and dues are ten dollars. A clear understanding of the term "protection of sources and methods" was reflected in President Reagan's remarks at the recent CIA ground-breaking ceremony. The President noted: ".. . I want to stress an intelligence agency cannot operate effectively unless its necessary secrets are maintained even in this, the most open and free country on earth. We cannot expect you or your informants to endanger life and work because of carelessness, sensationalism or unnecessary exposure to risk. Hostile intelligence activities conducted in this country and directed at U.S. interests abroad threaten not only our legitimate secrets and our technologi- cal advantages, but also our privacy and ultimately our freedom. To the danger of espionage is added 'active measures' designed to sub- vert and deceive, to 'disinform' the public opinion upon which our democracies are built. "One of the greater dangers facing you is also the loss of neces- sary secrets through unauthorized and illegal disclosures of classi- fied information. As I said in my memorandum last summer to all Federal employees, 'the unauthorized disclosure of our Nation's classified information by those entrusted with its protection is improper, unethical and plain wrong..."' Counter Terrorist Key: Intelligence, Not Concrete On Jan. 20, 1981, as Ronald Reagan was being sworn in as 40th president of the United States, a small group of protesters demonstrated outside the FBI headquarters building. It was a peace- ful, albeit vocal demonstration, one that would have attracted little more than a passing glance. But if anyone from the FBI had been looking, he might have noticed that among the demonstrators was an escaped felon who had fled from a federal prison in West Virginia some years before and was still on the wanted list. This demonstrator, Marilyn Jean Buck, was involved in terrorist activities. Had she been spotted and arrested on Inauguration Day, per- haps the Brink's robbery and four deaths nine months later in Nyack, N.Y., might have.been averted. For Buck, officials believe, had sup- plied the getaway car and firearms to members of the terrorist Weather underground organization who had sought to "expropriate" some $1.6 million from a Brink's armored car in October 1981. But even if an FBI agent had wanted to monitor who was dem- onstrating outside his office in 1981, the then binding Levi Guide- lines on domestic surveillance would have prevented him from doing so. While that situation has changed somewhat (Attorney General William French Smith last year relaxed some restrictions on domes- tic surveillance), experts say the Brink's incident illustrates the importance of quality information or intelligence as a rerequisite for combatting terrorism. "Intelligence in advance is the key," says Sen. Jeremiah Den- ton, R-Ala., chairman of the Senate Sub-committee on Security and Terrorism. "If you know what's going to happen and eliminate potential targets, that's a step in the right direction." Adds RAND analyst Dr. Brian Jenkins: "The first line of defense against terrorism is not a concrete barrier, but intelligence. Experts, for instance, continue to bemoan problems in intelli- gence they say have grown out of reform era. These include a reluc- tance among some FBI agents to engage in domestic security investigations for fear they may be sued for civil rights violations- and abandoned by the bureau when it comes to defending them. There also is a continuing reluctance among Western allies to share intelligence with the CIA, FBI and other U.S. agencies for fear that their sources might be compromised through release under the Freedom of Information Act. "It is a love-hate relationship," says Yonah Alexander, a terror- ism expert at Georgetown University's Center for Strategic and International Studies. "They are sharing some intelligence informa- tion... [but] they are not giving everything. -Excerpted from "Accurate Intelligence is the First Line of Defense," by Ted Agres in the Washington Times, June 27, 1984 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 17 Times Hon Qp, p.2boat1aio1 : d* Agbko5oo001-1 Member of AFIO Honorary Board Honors Lao War "Legends" A highly human portrayal of Clare Boothe Luce, a member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board and a member of AFIO's honorary board of direc- tors, was featured in a recent issue of the Washington Times. Commenting on two portraits of her by the French artist Rene Margritte-one a lush pink rose beside a silver dagger, the other a feather holding up the Leaning Tower of Pisa-staff writer Kathleen Tyman notes: "He has captured the paradox that delighted her friends and enraged her enemies-drive sheathed in beauty, strength cloaked in gentleness." Mrs. Luce came to Washington from her home in Hawaii in 1982 to join President Reagan's PFIAB, on which she served also during the Nixon and Ford admin- istrations. Besides doing research and attending meet- ings of PFIAB, Mrs. Luce is much sought after as a public speaker. The article notes her versatility: she trained as an Olympic swimmer, was a photographer, an actress, a playwright, a congresswoman and the United States' first woman ambassador. As the alter- ego of her late husband, publisher Henry Luce of Time, Inc., she trailblazed the worlds of politics and diplomacy, says the writer. The profile of Mrs. Luce also notes that a recent spy fiction author has used her as a character in an OSS- vintage plot. In the book, The Talbot Legacy, by Nelson Demille, Mrs. Luce notes: "He sets me among the people I've known for many years like [William] Casey and a number of more famous spies like [William] Stephenson, who was "Intrepid." It's really very amusing to find yourself as a background character in a novel. Every day I come across some cur- ious reference to myself, generally inaccurate." Then she adds the tantalizer: "Of course, Stephenson did give me very briefly a small job..." A living memorial has been established to commemorate two Americans whose personal dedication ensured that the United States would not forget or abandon its courageous allies from the mountains of northern Laos. The efforts of Edgar "Pop" Buell and Jerry B. Daniels, both of whom died in Asia, are being continued by the Hmong/Highlander Development Fund, established by the Wash- ington-based Indochina Resource Action Center. Intelligence officers who served in Southeast Asia are familiar with the legends surround- ing the two honored humanitarians and many, no doubt knew them. The Fund serves to continue the efforts they began on behalf of Lao highlanders. The memorial fund is a private sector initiative to promote the transition of the traditional highlander skills and strengths into Amer- ican entrepreneurial development. It makes resources available in business planning, management and loan packages to Highlander individuals and groups requiring assistance. Further, it assists them in securing loans or seed money from commercial lending institu- tions to begin development of micro-enterprises, with a goal of reduc- ing the highlanders' welfare dependency and to reestablish the traditional stability of the tribal members. From 1954-75, the highland groups from Laos, the Hmong (Meo), lu Mein (Yao) and Khmu (Lao Thoeng), suffered heavy losses while supporting U.S. government efforts. Following the communist takeover in Laos, they faced fatal persecution and more than 150,000 highland Lao took refuge in Thailand. Since 1975, more than 60,000 of them have resettled in the U.S. In the absence of an appropriate resettlement strategy, the highland peoples were lost amidst more numerous Asian groups and dispersed across the country. An agri- cultural people, they were ill-prepared for life in the urban areas where they were settled initially, and language and skill programs were generally ineffective. Continued movement of the tribesmen has been described as the greatest internal migration of a refugee population recorded in American history. Contributions to the memorial may be mailed to the Hmong/ Highlander Development Fund, 1424 16th St. N.W., Suite 404, Washington, D.C. 20036. Donations The following members have generously contrib- uted amount equal to or exceeding one year's annual dues. COL George W. Aldridge, Jr. USA(Ret.) Houston, TX New Life Members Mr. Edward M. Collins McLean, VA Mr. John W. ABERNATHY 8530 Oak View Drive Manassas, VA 22111 Mr. John B. HUNTINGTON P.O. Box 1106 Tiburon, CA 94920 Mr. Dale A. JENKINS Tower Hill Road Tuxedo Park, NY 10987 Mr. Jerome D. MOSKOWITZ 12019 Remington Drive Wheaton, MD 20902 Mr. Richard C. SHINN Mr. Miles Copeland Oxford, ENGLAND Mr. John R. Freeman Mechanicsburg, PA CDR Stephen Lahmann, USN(Ret.) Coronado, CA COLA. F. S. MacKenzie, USA(Ret.) Holmes Beach, FL Mr. and Mrs. Harold Preston Ransburg Indianapolis, IN Eleanor Madge Stein Tequesta, FL (In memory of Ab Riddle) 501 Cancha Mr. Joseph J. Tester Newport Beach, CA 92660 Denver, CO Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 19 Maggie Bowman delights Ambassador Helms, as Secretary Wisner seems to be saying defensively, "Well, I don't know about that." Hard-Hitting Speeches Mark Third National Intelligence Symposium There were no illusions at the third annual National Intelligence Symposium held at Naples, Florida, in late January. Without hysterics, speaker after speaker offered careful analysis of the role of the USSR in fos- tering world subversion and disorder. The symposium, coordinated by AFIO and spon- sored by the Nap/es Daily News and Palmer Communi- cations, drew an enthusiastic audience of over two hundred fifty and received extensive media coverage. John Barron, senior editor of Reader's Digest and author of the best-selling "KGB Today," charged that the Soviet Union, suffering from wide-scale corruption and a lack of competitive technology, attempts to secure its goals by creating world unrest. According to Barron, the USSR's secret intelligence services have been suc- cessful in creating such schisms, particularly in Ameri- can society. They legitimize certain groups, he said, creating popular pressures that limit the power of US leaders, he said. Barron questioned whether the media is fulfilling its national role as the Fourth Estate, and said some in the press appear "to be at odds with the mainstream of public opinion," tilting in favor of those critical of the government. He urged the audience to pressure those in the media who do not report issues fairly, and to demonstrate to the Congress, through the electoral process, support for the nation's crucial first line of defense against subversion-US intelligence. Wisner Briefs AFIO On Africa Developments An off-the-record, insider's analysis of recent trends and developments in Africa brought new, and some- times frightening, understanding to those in attendance at AFIO's spring luncheon, April 9th. The speaker, The Honorable Frank G. Wisner, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, interpreted also recent diplomatic moves that have heralded success for the administration's efforts to reverse Soviet expansionism and block communist subversion on the African continent. At the conclusion of the formal briefing Secretary Wisner entertained questions from AFIO members sharing deep familiarity of the African political scene. His answers were equally frank, though also off-the- record. Less guarded here is the reaction of the overflow crowd at the Bolling AFB Officers' Club to Ambassador Richard Helms' introduction of the speaker. Polite response greeted his description of Wisner's long and honorable government service, but it was Helms' per- sonal, if nostalgic, assessment of Secretary Wisner as "a chip off the old block," that released a wave of emo- tion and sustained applause that was, indeed, "for- the-record." NATIONAL LAUNCHES MEMBERSHIP DRIVE Enclosed with this issue of Periscope are two AFIO brochures. We would certainly appreciate it if every member would sign up two new members for AFIO. Since that is unlikely, we hope to add six hundred new members by the 10th annual Convention in October, 1984. Six hundred new members would swell our ranks to four thousand. We have considered this to be a reasonable target as we borrow from the Marine Corps recruiting phrase-"AFIO can use a few good members." Please note that the current brochure lists all the cur- rent members of the Board of Directors and the Offi- cers. Please use this current application and sign the line of recommendation so that we may keep track of our most active recruiter and acknowledge this member at the convention. -John K. Greaney, Executive Director Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 GNY Chapter Warned of News TERRORIST THREAT REAL Warp by Communist Bloc SAYS AFIO'S BUCKELEW by Ray Hoffman Best-selling author and journalist Arnaud de Borch- grave, blasting the news media for their "faulty memo- ries with near-zero feedback," highlighted the February meeting of the Greater New York Chapter of AFIO. de Borchgrave, whose thinly-veiled fictional ac- counts of Soviet and Cuban intelligence activity (The Spike, and Monimbo, both co-authored with Robert Moss) have dealt heavily with media disinformation, claims the most influential editors and reporters in both the printed and broadcast press have deliberately prac- ticed "censorship by omission," the suppression of "inconvenient facts" which clash with their pre- conceived political notions. de Borchgrave says Grenada offers a case-in- point. He says the media have virtually ignored the presence of thousands of documents, captured on Grenada, detailing the extent of Soviet bloc involve- ment. That so little has been written or broadcast about these documents, de Borchgrave says, confirms the brazen manipulation of the media, Congress and the various Social Democratic parties of the West by "known Cuban agents." The former senior Newsweek editor also decries the almost unreported story of the Miami grand jury investigation into the connection between Cuba, the Spanish-language division of the Soviet KGB and the growing drug trade operating out of south Florida. de Borchgrave also accuses most of his fellow journalists of having what could end up being a "termi- nal" case of naivete concerning the Soviet Union. He says many reporters, even experienced ones, have developed "very convenient" cases of amnesia when it comes to dealing with news out of Moscow. de Borchgrave says the widely-circulated "closet- liberal" stories about Yuri Andropov, when Andropov came to power, were only the most recent in a series of inaccuracies. He cites stories of the time viewing Stalin as a "moderate" versus the hard-liner Trotsky; that Malenkov was also described as a moderate; that Khrushchev was called "a pragmatist who would turn inward;" that Brezhnev, too, was called a pragmatist; and that Andropov, besides being a fan of Glenn Miller and a connoisseur of good Scotch, was "desperate to get out of Afghanistan." The media, de Borchgrave says, have missed the point that we're "dealing not with a man but with a system; a group of people who consider themselves militants in an historical movement that existed before them, and will outlive them." He says the media have also been taken in by giving too much credibility to Communist sources, like the allegedly "independent" Soviet commentator who appears frequently on the ABC-TV program "Nightline." After all, reminds de Borchgrave, it was Lenin who called telling the truth a "petty bourgeois habit." He added, "I wonder if "Night- line" host Ted Koppel knows that?" [Ray Hoffman, a professional journalist with the Wall Street Journal Radio Network, is a member of the Board of Directors of the Greater New York Chapter. ] This year raises major challenges to US efforts to contain terrorism, says AFIO member Alvin H. Buckelew. Writing in the February issue of Security Management magazine, he warns that "prudence mandates sweep- ing changes ... to enhance the ability of US law enforcement agencies to cope with the anticipated terrorism." Buckelew, director of the security management program at Golden State University, notes that "every- one recognizes the peril surrounding the 1984 Olym- pics," but observes that preparations to meet that threat have been marked by "bureaucratic squabbling." "The time left to resolve the Los Angeles problem and to address the larger questions of what the US can do to minimize the impact of coming domestic terrorism is dangerously short," he warns. The article also examines similar threats to the national political conventions to be held this year, and details the writer's views of what must be done to close the gap. Buckelew's comments on intelligence are particu- larly noteworthy: "In the intelligence field, as elsewhere, the US is currently unable to bring all its resources to bear on the terrorism problem. Even when key resources are avail- able, the United States has a naive tendency to under- estimate the determination of terrorists. The only safe posture is one that assumes something worse than the worst scenario is going to occur." He makes a telling argument for increased coordina- tion and cooperation between both American and for- eign intelligence organizations and a sharing of terrorist information domestically. "During congressional hearings, the point was made repeatedly that the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) restricts the flow of intelligence. Many state and local law enforcement agencies with vital information regarding terrorist groups refuse to share that informa- tion with federal agencies for fear of seeing it made public some day. FOIA needs to be amended by legisla- tion to improve the flow of intelligence. "Conversely, the federal government frequently withholds intelligence from local law enforcement agencies. The CIA has access to a great deal of informa- tion regarding the personnel and methods of trans- national terrorist groups, but is prohibited from conveying it to state and local law enforcement authorities. New methods ensuring the CIA-developed information is transmitted to domestic security forces on a need-to- know basis would place the US in a better position to cope with terrorism within the nation," Buckelew urges. [The issue containing Dr. Buckelew's article may be ordered directly from Security Management, Suite 1200, 1655 North Ft. Myer Drive, Arlington, Va. 22209, for $3.00 plus $1.50 for postage and handling.] Approved For Release 2004/11/013 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 NEW LIFE MEMBERS Miss Shelley Lea Bennett 5818 Feagan Houston, TX 77007 Mr. Conrad E. LaGueux American Embassy, Manila APO San Francisco, CA 96528 Mr. Norman S. Meese P. 0. Box 4324 Agana, GU 96910 Mr. James E. Nolan, Jr. 5112 Brookeway Drive Bethesda, MD 20816 Mr. Horacio Ortiz 4170 Monaco Drive Corpus Christi, TX 78411 Member Year Term (alphabetically) Elected Expires Richard W. Bates 1982 1985 John F. Blake 1982 1985 Vacant* 1981 1984 Ann Caracristi 1983 1986 John J. Davis 1981 1984 Lee Echols 1981 1984 Bobby R. Inman 1982 1985 Lyman B. Kirkpatrick 1983 1984 Derek A. Lee 1981 1984 Walter L. Pforzheimer 1981 1984 David Atlee Phillips 1983 1986 Vacant* 1981 1984 Robert B. Pirie, Jr. 1981 1984 George Scatterday 1982 1985 John Anson Smith 1983 1986 Eugene F. Tighe 1981 1984 Louis W. Tordella 1981 1984 John S. Warner 1981 1984 W. Raymond Wannall 1981 1984 George R. Weinbrenner 1982 1985 *These two seats are vacant due to the resignation of Stanton V. Phillips and Cecil Byrom. There are a number of other minor issues which could be included in any major overhaul of the Articles and the By-laws and there is the other major issue - voting procedures. I will discuss these issues in the third article of this series. By that time we should have a resolution from the Board which reflects all the sugges- tions we have received from the membership and the recommendations of the Advisory Council. That resolu- tion will be printed, in full, in the next Periscope so that when members arrive at the 1984 convention they will be prepared to vote to accept or reject it. From the Executive Director ... The Executive Committee of the Board of Directors has reviewed chapter organization and asked Board member George Scatterday to prepare a Chapter Man- ual that would assist in making the chapter procedures uniform throughout the organization. At the present time, procedures vary in how and when elections take place in the chapters as well as for how long a term an officer will serve. Some chapters have a program of progression in which an individual is elected to first or second vice president one year, move up and ultimately serve as the chapter president in a succeeding year. We would like to have suggestions from our members. We still have a problem with chapters listing indi- viduals as local members when they have been dropped from the national membership. It really helps to coordinate chapter activities; this was done effectively with the Claire Sterling visits. We look to the chapters as the means of expanding the AFIO education program in a manner which best suits their environment. We sincerely hope that the chapters will take an active role in the membership drive. Headquarters can furnish zip-code sorted lists of members if chapters tell us what zip-codes are included in their respective areas. We hope all members will make an effort to recruit new members for AFIO. Our current members are the best sales people for the growth of the organization. The second pamphlet of The Intelligence Profession Series, "National Security and the First Amendment" by John S. Warner, is now available. The text is invalu- able for classroom discussion, and it is our feeling schools and universities should be provided with the pamphlets at no cost as part of the AFIO Education Project. (The pamphlet is not designed for high school audiences unless they are to be used by groups engaged in debates.) Because of the specialized nature of the information and to reduce costs, the pamphlet will not be mass-mailed to all members. Rather, those desiring single copies for themselves or multiple copies for aca- demic use should write for them. We will send single copies by first class mail; bulk mailings will be shipped via third class. If you want to take advantage of the Westview Press offer for a 20% discount on George Constanti- nides' Intelligence and Espionage, as offered in the last News Commentary, the publisher asks that you identify yourself as an AFIO member and include $1.50 for pos- tage, for a total of $49.50, The book normally sells for $ 60.00. Approved For Release 2004/11/015 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 On the Intelligence Bookshelf ... Current books of interest to intelligence buffs and watchers of the world scene. All reviews are by AFIO members except when otherwise noted. Golitsyn - "Indispensable Reading" New Lies for Old, by Anatolyi Golitsyn, New York: Dodd, Mead and Co., 1984. $19.95 The politics of our day confront men of conscience with hard and sometimes dangerous choices and most severely senior officials of governments in ideological conflict. Mr. Golitsyn's defection from the elite of the KGB was a premedi- tated political act of a high moral order. An act not lacking in great courage, not to mention a significant lifelong sacrifice. He left the Soviet Union because he had lost hope in the true purpose and integ- rity of that government. He was moved by a conviction to warn the West of the new uses which the communist countries had devised in stealth for their improved political, intelligence and military potential and of the new menacing dimensions which these developments added to the Soviet threat. He knowingly accepted the risk that by going to the West at the time he did, he might well suffer the fate of the fabled messenger who brought bad news nobody wanted to hear. Too much of what he had to tell us about the meaning of the establishment of the Department of Disinformation within the KGB and the reach and scope of the communist threat has been over- looked in the blurred and distorted perspective of detente - the communist manipulation of disinformation, the deployment of agents of influence and controlled sources and channels through which Western foreign policy has been trying to find its way to Africa, the Middle East, Central America, Asia and Afghanistan. In the sixties, Mr. Golitsyn, from what he knew from inside the KGB, conveyed warnings to the western governments. He cited the Soviet's determination to achieve military superiority; their desire to obtain credits and loans from the West to finance their industrializa- tion and military programs; the inherent dangers of detente as well as the depth of the Soviet-bloc clandestine penetrations in the West. Most of his views were greeted mistakenly with disbelief, even ridi- cule at the time. In the two decades since, it is not without signifi- cance that the grim events of which he gave warning have largely come to pass. Indeed, they provide all too often the routine grist of the day's news. The warning did not go wholly unheard. The original contribution he has made to the internal security of Western allies has been recognized by them at the highest level of government. General Sir John Hackett rightly identifies Anatolyi Golitsyn as, "The most valuable defector ever to reach the West." I agree. The judgment was one I reached myself some 23 years ago. Now, for the first time, Mr. Golitsyn has set forth for wide public scrutiny his knowledge and analysis of Soviet strategy and in particu- lar the Soviet manipulations of disinformation as a masking element in that strategy. His work is based on his unusual access to top secret files, his wide association with Soviet personnel and the intimate knowledge of KGB methodology which he acquired during his long service in that organization. "New Lies for Old" is indispensable reading for professionals in intelligence and foreign policy. It is hardly less so for all individuals concerned with the nature of the world struggle and not least among them the many who yearn for a painless end to superpower confrontation. Mr. Golitsyn's revelations should also be notably instructive for bankers and industrialists who still carry optimistically on their books the substantial investments which they made in Soviet bloc enterprises. This work is not in itself deliberately controversial. It is-certain to make controversy, and this should be all to the good in the degree it succeeds in throwing open a new door of debate in matters affecting the fates of nations. We all-stand to gain from that. James Angleton OSS Training Recalled History of the Schools and Training Branch, Office of Strategic Ser- vices, William L. Cassidy (Editor), San Francisco: Kingfisher Press, 1983. $45.00 This is a recently declassified true story of the unbelievable job done by General William Donovan and his well chosen aides in set- ting up schools and training programs for a network of thousands of secret operators throughout the world. It is even more incredible when it is realized they had no sea- soned veterans in their program, no experienced, skillful trainers to form a nucleus for their schools. They did bring a few English Secret Service men who gave them the expertise of their knowledge, but mostof the training was accomplished by Americans. At the insistence of my old friend, Colonel Carl Eifler, I had gathered up a group of ten men, most of whom I had known most of my life, and we were preparing for a mission in the Far East. We went through most of the schools and although a scant few of them seemed a little amateurish to my boys, especially those who had worked as Special Agents with Customs in New York and along the Mexican border, all in all the program was exceptionally good. The book brought out some nostalgic memories for me and I can highly recommend it, both to OSS veterans and to anyone interested in how a world-wide secret network was put together some 40 years ago. The success of most of the operations proves the training pro- grams paid off and, as AFIO member Bill Cassidy says on the dust- cover, this volume is the only surviving record of the special training programs which spawned the leaders of today's intelligence community. IN MEMORIAM Mr. Paul M. Allen Nevada City, CA Miss Anita H. Bauckus Falls Church, VA Mr. Paul H. Gale Longboat Key, FL Dr. Otto E. Guthe Washington, DC Mr. Charles F. McCool San Francisco, CA Mr. James P. O'Connor Arlington, VA LTG W. R. Peers, USA(Ret.) Kentfield, CA LtCol Esther Cooke Settle Arlington, VA Mrs. Dorothy B. Shanley Gaithersburg, MD Col Edward G. Streidl, USAF(Ret.) Elliottsburg, PA Mr. Lee O. Teague Oklahoma City, OK Col Dan E. Teberg, USAF(Ret.) Shelton, WA Col William T. Walsh, USAF(Ret.) Leesburg, FL Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 The following list of new members since the last issue is incomplete in that it does not include those who requested that their names be kept restricted. Mr. James BAMFORD BUSSMANN, Mr. John W. FINDLAY, Mrs. Jean , Two Brattle Street Watrous Lane Millbank Cambridge, MA 02138 Woodbridge, CT 96525 Greenwood, VA 22943 Mr. John C. BARRETT CAMPBELL, Mrs. Gretchen A. FLA HAVHAN, Mr. Holland S. , 6701 Bracken Court 6701 Corner Lane 5 Sandstone Drive Springfield, VA 22152 McLean, VA 22101 Monument, CO 80132 CW4 Clarence E. BENNETT CANE, Mr. Joseph J. FLINT, Mr. John W. , 3264 Alden Drive 501 Fairhill Drive 2 Charlton Street, #15D Parma, OH 44134 Silver Spring, MD 20904 New York, NY 10014 Miss Shelley Lea BENNETT CAVANAUGH, Mr. Dennis H. FOSSETT, LTC John L., , 5818 Fe4gan 5300 Columbia Pike, #508 USA(Ret.) TX 77007 Houston Arlington, VA 22204 356 S.W. Creel Road , Palm Bay, FL 32905 Mr. William E. BIERBACH CHAFFIN, Mr. C. Wayne , Argonne Street 3823 S 6714 Northport GASS, CAPT Shelby C., Jr., . CO 80013 Aurora Dallas, TX 75230 USN(Ret.) , 4085 Tronjo Road BILLINGSLEY, RADM Edward B., CHAPPEL, LTC Bob, USA(Ret.) Pensacola, FL 32503 USN(Ret.) 2415 Ala Wai Blvd., #801 711 Grand Circle Honolulu, HI 96815 GAST, Rev. William L. FL 33617 Temple Terrace 5230 Burgess Road , CLARK, Mr. Frank "Pete" P. Colorado Springs, CO 80908 Mr. Robert M., Jr. BLAINE Star Route 3, Box 3-T , Suite 240 usta 1502 Au Techachapi, CA 93561 GREGONIS, Mr.. Albert G. , g c/o 114 Keehner Avenue TX 77057 Houston , CONLEY, LTC Richard H., Roseville, CA 95678 Mrs. Cochran BLAKE USA(Ret.) , #618 Fern Street 1500 S RD 1, Box 415 GURLEY, Mr. Joseph E. , . VA 22202 Arlington Halifax, PA 17032 245 Gypsy Lane , Youngstown, OH 44504 Mr. Bobby R. BLOUNT COONEY, Mr. Edward , 2609 Shenandoah Valley Drive P.O. Box 67 GUTHRIE, MG John S., (Ret.) AR 72212 Little Rock Bellevue, NE 58005 1065 Gulfshore Blvd. N., #304 , Naples, FL 33940 Mrs. Margaret N.C. BOWMAN COOPER, Mr. Michael L. , 8228 McClelland Place P.O. Box 70373 HARROLL, Mr. Benjamin R- VA 22309 Alexandria Washington, DC 20088 5905 Bark Street , San Diego, CA 92105 Mr. Walter A. BOYLE CROWLEY, Mr. Cameron R. , 2950 Peralta Oaks Drive 1515 Roanwood Drive HART, Mr. William J. CA 94605 Oakland Houston, TX 77090 11 Old Lowell Road , Westford, MA 01886 Mr. Mark BRADFORD da CRUZ, Mr. Francis F. , Royal Oaks Tower 71 E 5927 Oakdale Road HAYNES, Mr. Jeri C. . TN 37205 Nashville McLean, VA 22101 1715 Kirkwood , Houston, TX 77077 Mr. William BRADLEY DALY, Mr. John L. , 6413 Wilcox Court 320 S. 12th Street, #2E HINDS, CAPT Charles D., VA 22310 Alexandria Philadelphia, PA 19107 USN(Ret.) , 4412 Hermitage Road BRAM, Mr. Bert DAVIS, Mr. Fred L. Virginia Beach, VA 23455 2616 Spencer Road 1532 Silver Strand Circle MD 20815 Chase Chev Palatine, IL 60074 HODGE, Ms. Betty G. , y 2885 Gulfshore Blvd. N., #203 BREEN, LTC Thomas A., DIMODICA, Mr. Mark Robert Naples, FL 339940 USA(Ret.) P. O. Box 11175 Grand Avenue 9530 E Arlington, VA 22210 HOECHTEN, Dr. Harry V. . 1205 Victoria Drive CO 80111 lewood En , g DOCTOR, Mr. Michael S. Nacogdoches, TX 75961 Miss Elinor L. BRENNAN 7509 88th Avenue, SW , 3154 Siron Street Tacoma, WA 98498 JACOBSEN, Mr. Henning E. 10633 Jonathan Drive VA 22042 Falls Church , FLOW, Mr. Clifford L. Orlando, FL 32817 Edmond J. Mr BURKE 10700 Fondren Road, #306 . , 416 Commonwealth Avenue, ,#204 Houston, TX 77096 JOHANNESSEN, Mr. John E. 52 Fairway Drive Box 315 MA 02215 Boston , , FEHL, Mr. Fred C. Grantham, NH 03753 P. O. Box 2521 Houston, TX 77001 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 7 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315ROO0100500001-1 JOHNSON, Mr. Thomas L. McCABE, Mr. Ward SHADER Mr Thoma Pat i k P. 0. Box 817 935 Eden Avenue , . s r c 3702 W 67th Place Golden, CO 80402 San Jose, CA 95117 . Chicago, IL 60629 JORDAN, Mr. Joe L. McCANN, Mr. J. Patrick SHIMKUS LtCol Albina H 910 Westheimer Road 4125 West End Road, 4#3 , . (Sochin) USAF (Ret ) Houston, TX 77006 Cocoa Beach, FL 32931 , . 18 Page Farm Road Sherborn MA 01770 JUAREZ, CAPT Robert, McWADE, MAJ Henry A., USAR , USN(Ret.) 119 Princeton Avenue SMITH BrigGen Willard W 3217 Wynford Drive Oak Ridge, TN 37830 , ., USAF(Ret ) Fairfax, VA 22031 . 93B Maro Street MOTE, COL Marlin E. Whisperin Pines NC 28327 KALITKA, COL Peter F., P. 0. Box 35637 g , USA(Ret.) Houston, TX 77235 SUTTON Mr Walter D Jr 2077 Amberjack Court , . ., . 799 Pinellas Point Drive S Reston, VA 22091 NELSON, Mr. Richard H. , . St. Petersburg, FL 33705 802 Pin Oak Lane KAUFMANN, Mr. Walter Jackson Arlingtron, TX 76012 TAYLOR Col Cortlandt M 11 Ruxview Court /1302 , ., , Ruxton, MD 21204 NOLAN, Mr. James E., Jr. USAF(Ret.) 5915 Munson Court 5112 Brookeway Drive Falls Church VA 22041 KING, LtCol Raymond A. Bethesda, MD 20816 , 2885 Lee Hill Drive Boulder, CO 80302 OBATA, LTC Benjamin T., TWILLMAN, Mr. Donald J. USA(Ret.) 14412 Oakvale Street KLAGER, Mr. Roy B., Jr. 5317 Atlee Place Rockville MD 20853 711 Flamingo Drive Springfield, VA 22151 , Apilo Beach, FL 33570 WARNER, Mr. Chester D. OELSCHIG, LTC Carl H., 2226 Fulham Court KLEIN, Mr. Irving USA(Ret.) Houston TX 77063 11019 Bellbrook 2742 Picardy Place , Houston, TX 77096 Charlotte, NC 28209 WEBB, Mr. Thomas G. 560 Blackhowk Court KOCZAK, Mr. Stephen A. OLECK, Mr. Howard L. Colorado Springs CO 80919 2932 Macomb Street, N.W. 1440 Sea Gull Drive, So. , Washington, DC 20008 St. Petersburg, FL 33707 WEISS, LtCol James E., USAF(Ret ) KOSLASKY, Mr. Earnest E. O'NEILL, Mr. Paul J. . 3 Paradise Point 5051 Wake Robin 218 Albi Road, #3 Yorktown VA 23692 Menton, OH 44060 Naples, FL 33962 , WELBORN Mr James F LANCER, COL Thomas F., ORTIZ, Mr. Horacio , . . 1589 Colonial Blvd USA(Ret.) 4170 Monaco Drive . Ft Myers FL 33901 500 HStreet, S.W. Corpus Christi, TX 78411 . , Washington, DC 20024 WELKOM, LtCol Jerome G., OWENS, Mr. George A. USAF(Ret.) LEFF, Mr. Barry J. 835 5th Avenue, East 4 Cambridge Ct. 2760 Belmont Canyon Road Kalispell, MT 59901 Buffalo Grove IL 60090 Belmont, CA 94002 , PATTAKOS, COL Arlon N., WILKE Ms. Susan R. LONG, Mr. Chester (Chic) H. USA(Ret.) , 4513 Chesswick Drive 46 Country Club Road 4216 Knowles Avenue Cincinnati OH 45242 Cocoa Beach, FL 32931 Kensington, MD 20895 , WIMPRESS Dr. Duncan LUSBY, Mr. David S. ROBERTS, Mr. John P. , P. 0. Box 28147 12719 Two Farm Drive 404 Townsend Place TX 78284 San Antonio Silver Spring, MD 20904 Atlanta, GA 30327 , WINSETT Mr. Nolan 0. Jr. MADDOX, Mr. Dexter A. ROESELER, Mr. Herbert W. , , 1742 S. Krameria Way 3970 Mistral Drive 179 Pascack Avenue Denver CO 80224 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 Emerson, NJ 07630 , WRIGHT, Mr. John H. MALEY, MAJ Lucien P., USA SAENZ, Mr. Adolph B. Rt. 1 (Ret.) 1508 AG Place Arp, TX 75750 373 N. E. Live Oak Street Rio Rancho, NM 87124 Palm Bay, FL 32905 YIZAR, Mr. Marvin SAYLE, Mr. Edward F. 1608 Stokes Avenue SW MALONE, Mr. Charles J. 25 22 N. Upland Street GA 30310 Atlanta 233 W. I1th Street Arlington, VA 22207 , Deer Park, NY 11729 ZINK, Mr. Philip G. 200 Margaret Lane Orange, CT 06477 Approved For Release 2004/11/0'18: CIA-RDP88-01315ROO0100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Media Monitor Taplin Critic Views Intelligence Prof Harry Howe Ranson of Vanderbilt university, a member of Scores One for Truth Media distortion and misinterpretation sometimes seem to be of epidemic proportions. And, many AFIO members are among the first to point it out. Such was the case of Winn L. Taplin of Stowe, Vermont, after viewing the TV interview of a medical student returned recently from Grenada. In a letter to the station, Taplin challenged the interviewer's bias: "She was quite obviously taking an advocacy role - clearly attempting to lead her subject to condemn the American action in Grenada." He was pleasantly surprised to hear from the reporter, Sara Matthiessen of WCAX-TV. She wrote, "I agree with your assessment of the piece I did on Mr. Giannelli. Though I was not, in fact, playing an advo- cacy role, it certainly seemed that way." "Mr. Giannelli and I had spoken on the telephone the day before the interview. In that conversation he was very assertive and articulate about his feeling that the invasion was justified. The questions I formulated were based on that conversation. My goal was a bal- anced view, in fact the reverse of the end product: Mr. Giannelli's unalloyed approval of the invasion vs. some difficult questions challenging that view. As sometimes happens, however, his assertiveness died under the lights of the camera. The result was the impression you quite rightly came away with, that I was trying to force his hand." The reporter told Taplin that she spotted the prob- lem when the interview was aired, and edited the piece for subsequent broadcasts. OFF-THE-WIRE: News in Brief Intelligence Assessed Arnold Beichman, a visiting scholar at the Hoover Institution, in a report assessing the state of U.S. intelligence, credits DCI William J. Casey with having "done the best job of any CIA director in the past decade." According to Beichman, "Under Casey, a number of important steps to rebuild U.S. intelligence have been undertaken under the continuing scrutiny of two congressional select commit- tees on intelligence ..." Among the improvements says the writer: increased funding of intelligence, a return to covert action, an increase in the number of national estimates sent to intelligence consumers, returned emphasis on human intelligence resources, and a rebuilding of "perhaps the most important ingredient in the intelligence schema-counterintelligence." Beichman has harsh words for Casey's predecessor. He charges that former DCI Stansfield Turner "had a low opinion of the agency he was assigned to administer" with the result that "the United States and its allies paid the price of poor intelligence, and, most important, insufficient and even unreliable national estimates ..." Beichman was critical also of the "revolving door" sequence of appointments of CIA directors Colby, Schlesinger and Bush, which he views as "hardly calculated to restore confidence within the organization." And, of the counterintelligence issue: "The various congressional investigations of CIA and their repercussions within CIA led to a wholesale dismantling of Cl a decade ago. Whether or not Cl has been successfully rebuilt, no one can really know-- probably not even Casey himself-but at least Cl reconstruction is under way." But, Beichman is restrained in measuring the long-term effect of Casey's efforts: "Whether Mr. Casey will ultimately succeed in leaving an imprint is questionable. Except for Mr. Casey and a few others he himself brought in, there have been few changes at the top of the intelligence hierarchy." AFIO, offered a contrasting assessment in a book review published in the New York Times recently: "My own view is that the KGB and the CIA have escalated their secret operations-the CIA often aping its adversary-in an action- counteractions process that has overpopulated the world with secret agents. Operations on both sides often appear to be pointless and self-defeating. And the world is less safe as malignant fears have been engendered. If the full story could be known, I believe that many of these secret activities would seem not tales of moral blind- ness or personal tragedy, but rather scripts for Marx Brothers movies." Protecting Sources and Methods The American Historical Association, which has taken a strong stand on openness and access to documentary materials, has adopted a resolution urging that security classification not be permit- ted beyond 20 years, "except for documents pertaining to cryptology, intelligence sources and methods and agent operations in regard to which the classification period should not exceed forty years." In related matters, AHA also urged that implementation of National Security Decision Direction 84 be blocked. It claims that a lifetime publication review obligation for those with access to Sensi- tive Compartmented Information (SCI) is a "dangerous threat to his- torians," and would "choke off the flow of information so vital to an understanding of the nation's history." The historical group has also urged that all records seized by military intelligence on Grenada "be temporarily transferred from all U.S. government agencies now hold- ing them to the National Archives ... pending their return to Grenada." Grenada and the Bay Of Pigs Veteran journalist Charles J. V. Murphy, assessing the role of the president as commander-in-chief in a cold war situation, has compared U.S. performance in both the Bay of Pigs and Grenada episodes. Writing recently in the Security and Intelligence Fund newsletter, Situation Report, he quoted The Economist of London: "A great power knows that it is dangerous to be seen to flinch because its assorted enemies around the world take heart and its friends' knees knock," and the influential magazine's crediting of the President with having "rejected the flinch and moved in to achieve a clearly identified and achievable objective" in Grenada. Citing his own reportorial experiences at the time of the Bay of Pigs, Murphy noted, "The trouble at the Bay of Pigs was that the libretto which the Kennedy men wrote for their Camelot did not call for anyone to reach for Excalibur." According to Murphy, "a strong justification for intervention existed. U.S. intelligence possessed proof that Moscow was moving arms and advisers, both militarily and ideologically, into Cuba," but that the President was rendered timid at the knife's edge of decision by a fear of the criticism from other American states, as well as our more sensitive allies, which the exposure of the United States' hand was certain to bring." DeBorchgrave Warns of Cuban Terror Writer-correspondent Arnaud DeBorchgrave warned a White House audience recently that the Cuban intelligence service "has built up some formidable assets in the form of front groups" in the United States, and is conducting an "intense active measures cam- paign" to influence public opinion against U.S. foreign policy, espe- cially toward Central America. "The DGI," he said, "regards internal security in the U.S. as a joke ... Their agents roam the country freely, organizing cells and campaigns against U.S. domestic and foreign policies with total impunity." He cautioned the White House Outreach Working Group on Central America that Cuban successes have not been limited solely to disinformation campaigns. Citing his debriefing of a Cuban DGI defector, he warned "The DGI has been gradually putting into place in the U.S. a terrorist infrastructure" to foment riots and chaos. Sadly, the Cubans are not without support here, DeBorchgrave noted, adding that political leaders and journalists have accepted Cuban disinformation, failing to recognize its Soviet and Cuban ori- gins. He also described the case of Rolando Salup, a third secretary to the Cuban mission at the UN who was declared personal non grata last year. Salup, DeBorchgrave said, flew to Washington at least once a week to "avail himself of the offices of a congressman on Capitol Hill as a 'safe house' for meetings with his American contacts and recruited agents." Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 9 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 AFIO Chapter Activities California San Francisco Bay Area Chapter. Newly-elected chapter officers are: Roger E. McCarthy, president; Col. Edward J. Rudka, SMR, vice president (programs); Harold 0. Christensen, vice president (membership); Lt. Janet Aitken, USNR (ret), secretary; and Ricardo Alcantar, treasurer. The chapter's January meeting, co- sponsored by ASIS and the SFPD Eight Ball, featured author-journalist Claire Sterling. San Diego Chapter. Howard L. Abrams, special agent in charge, Naval Investigative Service, was guest speaker at the February meeting. He explained the general mission of the 850 NIS agents stationed at 140 posts around the world, and discussed the San Diego units recent investigations-of espionage, fraud and nar- cotics (400 narcotics arrests in the last year alone). The March meeting featured a visit to the USS Counstella- tion. The chapter's speakers' program is particularly active. So far this year, Lee Echols has given five talks, Wally Driver has spoken before three groups on terror- ism, and Joe Elliot has also joined the speakers' circuit. The chapter is also considering affiliate membership for young people, possibly fostering interest in intelligence careers. Florida Satellite Chapter. The chapter sponsored an infor- mation and membership booth at the annual Retirees Day held in March at Patrick Air Force Base, providing an AFIO presence to an audience estimated at 7,000. Recently elected as officers were: Col. Charles D. Gray (USMC-Ret), president; Col. Charles T. Williamson (USMC-Ret), vice president; Mrs. Eileen W. Gould, secretary. Elected to the board of directors were Ray- mond J. Brennan, Col. Stone Christopher (USAF-Ret), James M. Griffin, and Col. Paul A. III (AUS-Ret). Hawaii Diamond Head Chapter. Following last year's successful luncheon meeting with the Pacific and Asian Affairs Council, at which Ambassador Vernon A. Walters, as expected, captured the hearts and minds of the audience, the chapter is looking for more dignitaries "just passing through" who might be available. (Con- tact chapter secretary-treasurer Ted Beidleman at Wackenhut of Hawaii, 680 Ala Moana Blvd., Suite 301, Honolulu 98813, with any leads.) For its Winter meet- ing in February, the guest speaker was William C. Ervin, the FBI's local Special Agent in charge, who spoke on the role of the FBI in the intelligence community. Thirty to forty members participate actively in chapter events. Montana Western Montana Chapter The chapter shared its April meeting with guests from the Western Montana Military Officers' Associa- tion, and heard Walt Sedoff describe the various aspects of interrogation of Soviet defectors. The chapter has agreed to purchase a copy of George Constantinides' Chapter Spotlight GULF COAST CHAPTER 9619 Yupondale Street Houston, Texas 77080 (713) 932-0226 Fred Rodell Chapter President The Gulf Coast Chapter, of which Fred Rodell is president, has been extremely active in spon- soring education programs which generate con- siderable and favorable press coverage, including TV. One program, for example, featured the Ambassador to the US from El Salvador, and its February meeting hosting author Claire Sterling at the Westin Galleria Hotel had over 400 in attendance. Her speech captured a seven-minute segment on ABC News in Houston, and resulted in many phone calls commending the effort. Chapter officers have accepted speaking engagements before several Rotary Clubs and The Houstonian, a highly influential community group, and is working with Texas A&M University to sponsor a seminar on terrorism. The chapter has also taken on the task of seeking private sec- tor funding for the event, and has already received favorable response to invitations from the advisor on terrorism to the President of France, Scotland Yard and the Director General of Police, Quebec. The chapter in on record as offering to spon- sor a future AFIO national convention. [Chapters are invited to submit "focus" summar- ies of their activities; this was culled from several Gulf Coast Chapter reports.] intelligence bibliography for presentation to the Univer- sity of Montana Library, and announces that AFIO wives will be invited to the summer meeting to hear Maj. Gen. Jim Duffy, state Adjutant General, describe the reorganization and revitalization of the Montana State Militia. The chapter notes that Walt Sedoff is scheduled to deliver five talks in one day to the senior class of the largest high school in Ravalli County. According to Dick Grant, AFIO chairman in Montana, Walt's presenta- tions on the need to protect our nation's intelligence capabilities are "going over big here in Western Montana." Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 10 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Notes from the Board Room DONATIONS Thirteen of the 18 members were present, with those absent represented by proxy, at the AFIO Board of Directors meeting held April 9, 1984, at the Bolling AFB Officers' Club. The chief topics discussed were the 1984 Conven- tion and the proposed changes in procedures for elect- ing the Board of Directors. Col. Bruce Baumgardner (USAF-Ret) chairman of the convention committee, briefed the Board on the status of plans for the 1984 Convention (see elsewhere in this issue), noting that negotiations on rooms, meet- ing facilities, etc., had been firmed up and a contract signed with the Crowne Plaza Hotel, Rockville, Maryland. Capt. Richard Bates (USN-Ret) discussed the pro- posed changes in election procedures, taking into con- sideration the recommendations of the Task Force under Col. Robert Roth (USA-Ret) which had been sent to Board members before the meeting for their review. Capt. Bates stated that changes in the Articles of Incor- poration, Resolutions and changes in the By-laws may be required to accomplish this. The Board designated the Executive Committee as the "implementing com- mittee" to prepare a course of action for consideration and decision at the next Board meeting, to be held June 14, 1984, with subsequent announcement to the membership in the next Periscope. The "implementing committee" is to take under consideration recommen- dations made by the Task Force as well as individual members. It was also announced that the second pamphlet in the Intelligence Profession Series, "National Security and the First Amendment," by John S. Warner, is at the printer and would be available in about three weeks. The meeting adjourned at 1600 hours. Submitted by Secretary, Charlotta P. Engrav. New York Greater New York Chapter. Veteran journalist Arnaud DeBorchgrave delivered his forthright message about Soviet disinformation to over 100 persons at the February meeting. Bill Hood has assumed the presi- dency of the chapter and Derek Lee has agreed to serve as first vice president. Ralph Vollono serves as secretary. Pennsylvania Keystone Chapter. Newly elected as officers at the chapter's February meeting are: Terry Foster, presi- dent; Pat Stingley, vice president; and William J. Fry as secretary-treasurer. Members of the board of directors are Randy Welch, Dale Hanka, Morris Ragus and Sammy Snider. Lone Star Chapter. At its March meeting, held at the Fort Sam Houston Officers' Club, the chapter elected its new officers for the 1984-85 year: Stanley D. Sagan, president; Joel E. Siskovic, vice president; and William J. Hammond, secretary-treasurer. AFIO member George Kiefer gave new insights in a talk about the Fourth Amendment. CAPT Albert Benjamin, USNR(Ret.) Charlottesville, VA Mr. Henry L. Bermanis Audubon, PA Ms. Janet E. Boley Washington, DC Mr. John W. Bussmann Woodbridge, CT Mr. Robert R. Davis Oakton, VA CAPT Robert A. Dowd, USN(Ret.) Longboat Key, FL Mr. Mike S. Gonakis Euclid, OH Mr. Derek A. Lee New York, NY Mr. Newton S. Miler Placitas, NM San Diego Chapter, AFIO San Diego, CA Mr. Michie F. Tilley Greenville, TX AFIO Convention Slated for October 19-20 Col. Bruce K. Baumgardner (USAF-Ret), chairman of the convention committee, has announced that the Crowne Plaza, a Holiday Inn in Rockville, Md., has been selected as the site of AFIO's 10th Annual Convention, to be held October 19 and 20, 1984. According to Baumgardner, he and his committee are planning to make the tenth anniversary event the biggest and best ever, with full details to be published in the next issue of Periscope and in special bulletins. Members of the convention committee are pleased to note that after examining several proposed meeting facilities, they succeeded in securing most reasonable meal prices and favorable room rates ($55 for a single or double) at the new luxury hotel. Mark Flag Day on Calendar Club. Further information will be provided in the "I meeting announcement to be mailed soon. ft Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 11 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 From The President's Desk: Ours is a heterogenous Association whose charm is in the diversity and independent thought of its members, and whose success rests on the relentless, apolitical, objective championing of the national need for a competent intelligence capability. The Board of Directors has the serious responsibility of guiding and directing the effort of the group from one convention to the next, and they weigh these responsibilities most heavily. Please give serious attention to the current articles on our election process. Much study and effort has been made to select a system which is acceptable to all, which is administratable, timely, economical, and which conforms to our founding Articles. Excellent suggestions have been made from conventions' floors and by letter; a Task Force from the former Advisory Council has exhaustively examined alternatives; Dick Bates is doing yeoman (!) work in sifting out the best solution. It's up to you to make it work. This Easter finds your Capitol boiling with accusa- tions over the CIA role in Nicaragua's coastal waters. Somehow lost in the emotion and the headlines is a single sorry fact, the consequences of which I believe greatly outweigh the good or evil of the mining or the extent of our participation. Were not the details of a highly classified operation consciously (intentionally?) leaked by a government official who has sworn to uphold-secrecy, and only by virtue of his oath was he privy to the information he compromised? Pros and cons of the operation aside, and leaving the decision on the appropriate role of the Agency in covert operations to those with the authority to act and the responsibility to answer for their actions, this naked violation of con- fidentially must be considered a most serious obstacle to the essential trust that must prevail between the Intelligence Community and the Congressional Over- sight Committees. Whatever the motivation, if these travesties of sacred trust continue, oversight cannot, will not work. The public dissection of our innermost secrets must bring joy to the aging occupants of the Kremlin. Certainly they have little else in which to find comfort. Chernenko, having recently wrestled to himself the third crown, of Presidency, has wasted no time in de- emphasizing the annoying purge on white-collar crime, Senate Intelligence Committee Treaty Violation Briefing Included With This Issue The seemingly endless tabulation of Soviet violations and cir- cumventions of arms control treaties drew the attention of the U.S. Senate recently. In a lengthy briefing of both classified and unclassi- fied evidence and analysis, the Senate Select Committee on Intelli- gence gave the issue frightening perspective, noting that U.S. charges against the Soviets "can be demonstrated with hard and often conclusive evidence. Soviet explanations have been incom- plete, and often grossly misleading. And the Soviets have refused to stop their most flagrant SALT violations." The sensitivity of the intelligence information on which the committee's findings are based was emphasized by a rare closed session of the Congress, lasting almost two hours, which followed the unclassified presentation. A reprint of the important public briefing is included with this bulletin, courtesy of the committee. for which his colleagues are obviously relieved. Un- changed is their complete intransigence on arms con- trol, bleating to the world that the status quo ante (Soviets-360; NATO-0) must be re-established before talks will continue. It's time for them to try a major diversion or distrac- tion, since they haven't been able to shake off the blame for walking away from the negotiating table. May our active colleagues be alert! We welcome with this edition the new editor of Periscope, Ed Sayle, and express our sincere apprecia- tion for the countless hours of professional work that Harris Greene has devoted. Harris has greatly improved the quality of our publication (members' opinion as well as mine) and presents a fine challenge to Ed to con- tinue the upgrade. Additionally, the entire membership owes thanks to the Advisory Council whose missions have now been performed. They filled a critical need in the growth of our Association, worked unselfishly and arduously on the important areas they addressed, and are responsible for many of the ideas which have now been incorporated into practice. Classified Section A new publication, soon to be marketed world-wide, is seeking correspondents/reporters on a full or part- time basis. We are particularly interested in people with middle east and Central-South America experience. A knowledge of and experience with counter-terrorist activity and political and economic problems is desir- able. To apply, send a resume and a letter stating your desires, to: Jack E. Stephenson, P.O. Box 3644, Boze- man, Montana 59715. PERISCOPE is published quarterly by the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, McLean Office Building, 6723 Whittier Ave., Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101. Phone(703)790-0320. Officers of AFIO are: Maj. Gen. Richard X. Larkin, USA(Ret.) ..... President Robert D. Brown, Jr .................. Vice President Robert J. Novak ......................... Treasurer Charlotta P. Engrav ...................... Secretary John K. Greaney ................. Executive Director Edward F. Sayle ............... Editor of PERISCOPE Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 12 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE ASSOCIATION OF FORMER INTELLIGENCE OFFICERS At The Fourth National Convention... NEW BOARD MEMBERS ELECTED, NEW OFFICERS APPOINTED On October 1-2 delegates to the Fourth Annual AFIO Convention in Coronado, California elected new members to the organization's Board of Directors, and the new Board appointed officers for 1978-79. The new AFIO President is General Robert E. Cushman, Jr., USMC, (Ret.), who replaces Dick Stilwell. General Cushman has served as the 25th Commandant of the Marine Corps and as Deputy Director of CIA. Mr. Don Huefner, formerly of CIA, was selected as AFIO's new Vice President, to succeed Steve Hammond. Reappointed to their former positions were Anita Potocki, Treasurer, and Frances Hoffmeier, Secretary. The new Board of Directors consists of the following old and new members: Chairman, David Atlee Phillips Executive Committee General Richard G. Stilwell, USA Ret. John S. Warner Walter Pforzheimer Members Lieutenant General Marshall S. Carter, USA Ret. William J. Casey William E. Colby Mrs. Helen Priest Deck Lieutenant General Daniel 0. Graham, USA Ret. Vice Admiral Frederick J. Harlfinger II, USN Ret. Derek A. Lee The Honorable Clare Boothe Luce The Honorable John M. Maury Lieutenant General W. Ray Peers, USA Ret. Donald W. Perry Stanton V. Phillips Dr. Louis Tordella Major General Harold E. Watson, USAF Ret. Colonel George R. Weinbrenner, USAF Ret. Speakers at the California reunion, the largest and most successful AFIO gathering to date, included The Honorable John Alex McCone, Congressman Bob Wilson, Professor William Van Cleave, Admiral Ulysses S. Grant Sharp, General Richard Stilwell, Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, Jr., and Mr. John Warner, AFIO Legal Advisor. During the Convention the Board of Directors floored the proposal that annual dues be increased from $10 to $15 per annum. The assmbled delegates voted to make the increase $20 due to AFIO's growing responsibilities in the Congressional liaison area and because all dues and donations to AFIO are now tax-deductible. Delegates also ratified a decision by the AFIO Board of Directors to join the newly formed Coalition of Peace Through Strength. Two AFIO Board members, General Dick Stilwell and Lieutenant General Danny Graham are co-sponsors of the Coalition whose stated purposes are to ensure an adequate defense posture. One of the planks of the Co lition is the retention of a capable and effective intellige > tl0n1gQyFi8Wg il>ifV(h1 the U.S. The Coalition includes more than 160 members of Congress, from both major parties, on its rolls. These elected representatives and the more than sixty organizations comprising the Coalition hope to foster a re-examination of what the U.S. defense posture should be. Local newspaper publicity and stories on AP and UPI resulted from the conclave. The mayor of San Diego, Pete Wilson, proffered a formal declaration to the con- vention, naming October 1 and 2 as "Association of Former Intelligence Officers' Days" in San Diego. Congratulations are in order for Lee Echols, California State Chairman, and the enthusiastic and hardworking volunteers of the San Diego Chapter, under President Don Perry, who made the convention such a success. Also contributing were Col. Carl Eifler and his wife, Margaret, who donated a fine painting which was auctioned at the reunion. The Honorable John Alex McCone, former Director of Central Intelligence, was the speaker at the final banquet of the 1978 AFIO Convention. (The- photograph is from a videotape featuring speakers at the convention, and is as are the Excerpts from the~FcQecg /& For ReI e~O FORMER DCI PRINCIPAL SPEAKER AT AFIO CONVENTION It is a privilege to attend this meeting of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers and a pleasure and an honor to speak to you this evening. I am sure you are disappointed that Governor Ronald Reagan could not be with us - I, too, am disappointed for we are meeting in the state whose destiny he guided most successfully for many years - and, in more recent years - and when not in office - his influence here has been profound. My life in the world of intelligence was all two short - four years less a few months - and I must confess that a certain amount of envy and nostalgia creeps into my mind when I read of men who have had the privilege of serving for long periods of time - perhaps all of their adult years. However, I had some added years with you when, as Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission and a member of President Eisen- hower's National Security Council, I enjoyed what may be called a "peak" into your world. This was sufficient to understand the great service the men and women of the community contributed to our national security. Again, at an earlier date, when working closely with the then Secretary of State, John Foster Dulles, I followed with amaze- ment and admiration the skillful operation that defeated with consum- mate skill the well-planned Soviet scheme to establish a Communist beach-head in Guatemala and from there, spawn Communist web that would engulf all of Latin America. With these experiences, removed as they were from the center of intelligence activities, it was no surprise to me that when I entered the halls of the Central Intelligence Agency and came to know both the Agency and the entire Intelligence Community, I found an organiza- tion of men and women of greater competence and of more sincere dedication of purpose that I had found in any of the several depart- ments of government I had served. A Letter to Dick Stilwell... Dear Dick: While it is disappointing that the conference report on the foreign intelligence surveillance bill was approved, it seems most significant that the vote was relatively close - 226-176. The conference report was not as favorable as the measure as passed by the House. Nevertheless, it is far superior to the measure as passed earlier by the Senate. I appreciate your interest and support of the position which a number of my colleagues and I took on this measure. It is possible, too, that the provisions of the bill may be further modified in the charter legislation which will be before the Congress next year. The measure still will have to stand the test of con- stitutionality - with some indications that all or part of the bill may be held unconstitutional whenever it is tested in the U.S. Supreme Court. It has been good to work with you and I appreciate that opportunity as well as the help which you and the members of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers have provided. With all good wishes. Robert McClory Member of Congress Thus, I agonize - as do each of you - at the unfair and unjustified criticism directed toward the Community and, most particularly, the Central Intelligence Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation by some elements of the Congress, by the press and by a small minority of the public. I do not contend that some criticism is not justified - and this I will deal with later - but I do resent the sensationalism attached to one disclosure after another - many of them insignificant - others distorted and the purpose of the action being condemned, never disclosed or defended. It is my firm belief that the practice of seizing upon a few intelligence operations that, for one reason of another, have drawn criticism from members of the committees of Congress and then displaying their displeasure to a news media anxious to dramatize the incident with shocking headlines and statements, has caused great damage to our nation's security. Probably the most serious is the creation of a climate that has given license to the Victor Marchettis and the Phillip Agees to set aside their sacred vows to their country to preserve secrecy and unveil - in books written for a modest profit - information more damaging than that of the most serious defectors. No violation of trust - no defection to the other side - no damage from the acts of the Philbys. the McLains or the Claus Fuchs has been more damaging to our national interest and our security than the work of these few men who prostitute their principles and make disclosures which place their close associates of many years in mortal danger. This, they do, for a few dollars.... Walter Lippman once wrote that "foreign policy is the shield of the Republic." A noted historian added, "Intelligence is the thing that gets the shield in the proper place and at the right time." That is why some 38 nations throughout the world - and the list includes all major powers - support an intelligence organization of one sort or another - some large, some small - but all designed to provide needed knowledge to those guiding the destiny of the respective nations. The common characteristic of all of these organizations is that they are cloaked in secrecy. Only two - the United States and West Germany - admit their existence. In other countries, the very existence of these organizations is never publicly acknowledged, is known only to a few and these on a "need to know" basis. Usually authority and control rests at the top-most echelon of power and it is accepted that the disclosure of intimate details of a foreign intelligence service would, in the opinion of all nations, paralyze their operations. This is the dilemma our nation now faces for, despite the oversight arrangements of the past, there remains evidence of wrongdoing - sonic imagined - many exaggerated - but a few justified. As a result. there is a clamor for closer supervision of intelligence operations and especially clandestine activities.... The first problem is to establish understanding and confidence between units of the Intelligence Community and the established committees of the Congress. It is my firm belief that once confidence is established, the results will be two. First, the committees - one in the Senate and one in the House - will be satisfied that they are being given all the facts relating to intelligence activities and operations, most particularly covert political actions. The committees, being advised in IN MEMORIUM Vice Admiral Rufus L. Taylor, USN (Ret.) Whispering Pines, NC 14 September 1978 Commander Winston W. Cornelius, USN (Ret.) Falls Church, VA 6 November 1978 Professor Douglas L. Wheeler, Dept. of History, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 Is carrying out a research project on intelligence activities In Portugal In World War II. All members, friends and associates of AFIO who have informa- tion, papers, notes, old photos, memorabilia on intelligence activities in Portugal during 1939.45 please contact Professor Wheeler. This is a professional historical project and requests for anonymity or confidentiality will be honored. Telephone (703) 868-9633. - Approved For Release 2004/11/02: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Among the speakers at AFIO's October Convention were, left to right, Congressman Bob Wilson, former President and present Board member Dick Stilwell, and ADM. Ulysses S. Grant Sharp, USN (Ret.) advance whenever possible, will be in the position to sanction operations, give guidance and advice and, if they feel the contemplated action not in the nation's best interest, ask the President to call it off. To deviate for a moment, I might add that such an arrangement existed for many years with the Joint Committee of Atomic Energy and members of the Senate and the House. All in Congress were satisfied with the Joint Committee's oversight of our nuclear affairs and nothing of a classified nature went beyond that Committee. But with our intelligence affairs, there are understandably many concerned com- mittees - military affairs, foreign affairs and appropriations. There- fore, in advancing the foregoing plan for a Select Committee on Intelligence, I advocated the inclusion on such Committees of both the House and Senate of representatives of the concerned committees - preferably the ranking representatives of both parties.... Within the Executive branch of the government, changes of attitude and procedure are indicated. The authority of the National Security Council must be re-established. It's sub-committees, created first by President Eisenhower, approved all covert operations - political, para- military and recognizance. There must be no delegation of authority and no disposing of these important matters by telephone or other informal methods of communication between committee members. And the President must always be advised of what is going on. Records of proceedings must be kept for without them, responsibility cannot be established. Even the most sensitive of operations must be brought before this committee and through it, to the President for final approval. The same can be said for the submissions to the congressional committees. There is no need under the plan I envisage for withholding from properly established channels in the Executive and Legislative branches of government, complete disclosure of such sensitive operations as intercepts, submarine and aircraft recognizance, covert operations of a wide range- from political action to programs of misinformation and on to paramilitary operations if required by our national interests. All of this requires a sharp revision of the philosophy of many trained intelligence officers. It is basic to their trade craft not to divulge to their seniors complete information on planned operations. Thus. they reason, as a result of their training, if the man most likely to be called upon to answer questions is uninformed, he and the system or the pro- gram will be protected. Such was the philosophy of the British Civilian Intelligence Service as so lucidly explained by William Stevenson in his best-selling book, "The Man Called Intrepid". Stevenson was responsible for the creation of our own OSS and much of their philosophy and practice became doctrinaire with the OSS and later, with our ongoing organizations - the CIA, the NSA and so forth. But the practice boomeranged. Congressmen now say - the press say and some of the public say - unless those at the top know the whole story, where is the control? A good question and one that can only be answered by a switch in our practices - a departure from the past and a determined decision to bring to the top authority and the designated committees of Congress all sensitive matters. If this is done without deviation, the President and his three principals - the Secre- taries of State and Defense and his National Security Adivsor, will know that intelligence operations are consistent with policy and the two Select Committees on the Hill will feel equally assured. These Committee members can then turn to their fellow members and say with confidence that nothing is going on that is inconsistent with this nation's principles and policies. The philosophy of "need to know" - so important to Foreign Intelligence activities of all nations who maintain a service, can once again be gradually but surely re-intro- duced into our our national practices., Beyond this, anyone who has been seriously connected with the responsibilities of national security will hope that the now completed prolonged and painful review of the roles and missions and the conduct of the Intelligence Community as a whole and the CIA and FBI in particular, will end up preserving an organization that can serve our security needs and rest comfortably within American political and moral philosophy. Our nation would hardly be safe without such an establishment. CONCLUDING REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN RICHARD PREYER, CHAIRMAN,.KENNEDY ASSASSINATION SUBCOMMITTEE, SEPTEMBER 22,1978* I do just want to take my few minutes to make a brief statement about the hearings that we have had today and yesterday... ...I think when we view these actions of sometime ago today, we have to realize that at that time when these acts were committed there was a national consensus that this nation's security was in peril. So I think we would want to be very careful how we make retroactive scapegoats. There are those who betray one trust, their trust of office, the trust of power; but they did so to preserve another trust, their trust of national security. In all of these hearings, Mr. Helms, in all of the inquiry situations that you have been subjected to lately, I don't think anyone has ever suggested that you ever betrayed that other trust, of the national security. I think in judging the actions of individuals in the past, we want to consider who it was who called up those actions. In large measures, the American people at that time were calling up these measures out of fear that our national security was in peril. Mr. Helms, we appreciate your being here with us today and answering all of these questions. *These remarks were made at the conclusion of the testimony of Ambassador Helms, formerly Director of the Central Inteligence Agency. Approved For Release 2004/11/013: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Excerpts from the Speech... CONG. BOB WILSON ADDRESSES CONVENTION LUNCHEON I appreciate the kind invitation to address the National Convention of this distinguished and valuable association. I welcome the opportunity to share with you some thoughts on the future of our intelligence organizations. No subject is more important, and few subjects are surrounded today by such controversy and misinformation. This audience is all too well aware of what has happened to the Intelligence community over the past several years, so it Isn't necessary for me to itemize in detail the series of events which have led us to the reduced capability which exists in intelligence today. However, it might be well to summarize these events - to set the stage for current happenings, and then project the direction I see intelligence following Into the future. We are all painfully aware of the factors which surfaced from Water- gate and the subsequent investigation of intelligence: Allegations of abuses by our Intelligence organizations - centering primarily around the subject of Invasion of individual rights In the name of National Security. These all have created battle lines with national security on one side and individual rights on the other. This unnecessary, and potentially harmful, division was further exploited by the press. The situation progressed to the point where some of our citizens became convinced that our intelligence agencies had become unnecessary, and that intelligence operations were synonymous with abuses of power. At the same time, representatives of the extreme liberal element of our society - organizations such as the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Center for National Security Studies - began an intensive, and rather effective effort to dismantle, or at least sig- nificantly alter activities of our intelligence organizations. This was done, and Is still being done, in the name of individual rights. These efforts were manifested in many ways - through publications such as First Principles, later repeated in the major media; through extensive lobbying efforts on both sides of the hill; and through legal defense or former Intelligence employees, a few of whom I call traitors to the cause, who have been publishing damaging and often false information about our intelligence organizations, particularly the CIA. In addition, You Can Count on AFIO Members At the recent convention outgoing President Dick Stilwell pointed out the need for additional financial support for projects in the coming year, particularly the "Charter Legislation" for the intel- ligence community. The following members re- sponded with contributions of $100 or more: Maj Gen Harold E. Watson USAF Ret. Middleburg, Virginia COL Carl F. Eifler AUS Ret. Salinas, California Stan Phillips North Palm Beach, Florida Ray S. Cline Arlington, Virginia Lyman B. Kirkpatrick Jr. Narragansett, Rhode Island Col. Walter S. Hammond USAF Ret. Falls Church, Virginia Hayden Channing Tucson, Arizona William E. Colby Washington, D.C. Nancy C. Fogarty Washington, D.C. Col George R. Weinbrenner San Antonio, Texas John Alex McCone Los Angeles, California The Honorable Clare Booth Luce Honolulu, Hawaii these organizations have mounted a massive analytical and legal service, which has drafted legislation, analyzed various bills and pre- pared legal briefs concerning perceived threats to individual rights. The prime mover in these activities is Morton Halperin, a former staff member of the National Security Council and a former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense. He has the collaboration of other former government employees such as John Marks, formerly Staff Assistant to the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research of the Department of State. In September 1974 at the first conference on the CIA, organized by Halperin's Center for National Security Studies, one Richard Falk urged that, "CIA's program of covert activities be abolished". However, he did make one exception - he would allow CIA covert action against South Africa.... Agee is now publishing a new magazine to expose CIA activities and personnel. It is called "Covert Action Information Bulletin". In the first issue, dated July 1978 and introduced by Agee at a press conference in Communist Cuba, is a statement that this magazine is to replace "Counter-Spy". No one needs to be reminded that the exposure of CIA official, Richard Welch, by "Counter-Spy" played a part in his murder by Communist terrorists. Last year Agee was expelled from England. One factor involved in his expulsion was his role in revealing to the public that British Intelligence was monitoring wave lengths used by the terrorist IRA to detonate bombs. This information was very helpful to the terrorists. It is interesting to note that in February 1977, when hearings were held in England on the Agee deportation order, three Americans traveled to England to serve as character witnesses and defend Agee. These were: Ramsey Clark, former Attorney General of the United States; Mel Wuif, of the American Civil Liberties Union; and of course, Morton Halperin, who is always available to help damage our intel- ligence community. These anti-intelligence activities have been aided by some in Congress. Unfortunately, the Church and Pike Committees, in the Senate and House, exposed many of the activities of our intelligence community. Even operations that no one could find fault with were curtailed as a result of the publicity. Finally, in response to what appeared to be publicoutcries for effec- tive controls over intelligence organizations, the last two Presidents of the United States issued Executive orders which set out in detail restric- tions under which intelligence organizations were required to operate. In total, these developments had the following net effect on our intelligence capabilities: (1) Careers of some of our most promising intelligence officers were shattered because of exposure. (2) Intelligence officers, particularly overseas, became fearful for the safety of themselves and their families. (3) Sources discontinued working with the CIA, foreign intelligence services became reluctant to exchange information for fear it would not remain secret, and the Director of Central Intelligence Is unable to estimate how many potential sources or liaison arrangements never germinated because people were now unwilling to enter Into business with the CIA. (4) Morale in both the CIA and the FBI has eroded, and agents have become reluctant to undertake operations for fear of being sued, or because they could not guarantee their sources' protection. (5) The ability to penetrate violence-oriented organizations with informants was drastically reduced, due to restrictions imposed on such operations by the Attorney General's guidelines, and finally, (6) The Federal Loyalty-Security Program has been dismantled to the point that meaningful background checks cannot be made. This has happened because law enforcement officials feel constrained from supplying necessary Information because of the Freedom of Informa- tion Act, Privacy Act and various state laws. In point of fact, the Civil Approved For Release 2004/11/01: clA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 INTELLIGENCE AND THE AMERICAN DOCTRINE OF WAR An address by the Honorable Clare Boothe Luce before the Association of Former Intelligence Officers Annual Pearl Harbor Day Luncheon on December 7, 1978 My subject today is Intelligence and the American Doctrine of war. It is appropriate on this 37th anniversary of Pearl Harbor to recall how crucial the relation is between them. There is no law above the nations. All nations are equally sovereign, independent, autonomous. The essence of sov- ereignty is the right to use force in the nation's interest. But as war is the most brutal, destructive, costly and risky of all human enterprises, it has always raised two questions-its necessity and its justice. Down through the centuries, and until recent times, the nations have all held the Machiavellian doctrine of war: "That war is just, which is necessary." The interests of the state determined the necessity of waging war, and the necessity determined its justice. Until this century, all nations have viewed war as a proper instrument of national policy. The United States, in its early days, was no exception. In his Farewell Address, our first president, George Washington pleaded for the maintenance of adequate military forces so that "we may choose war or peace, as our interest guided by our justice, shall counsel." The American doctrine of war, as it has developed in our times, is a novelty in history. It unilaterally renounces the ancient sovereign right to resort to force-to choose war-as a solution to intractable international disputes. It holds that the just war is the only necessary war and that the only just war is the war fought in response to a direct attack. In the American view both morality and justice demand that the United States should not go to war, but should wait until war comes to us. For example, despite the U.S. strategic, political, and economic interest in maintaining a free and friendly South Viet- nam, our war in Vietnam came to be seen by most of our people as unjust, immoral and unnecessary because we went to it. We were the wicked aggressor because we fought before America itself was militarily attacked and we accepted military defeat as punishment. This peculiar American doctrine, which rejects all right to the military initiative in the name of morality, obviously accords many advantages to the enemy. It permits him all the time he needs to build up offensive forces and perfect his war plans. It leaves him free to choose the place and the hour of his first attack and to get there "fustest with the mostest." "The two cardinal virtues of war," wrote Thomas Hobbes, "are force and fraud." The American doctrine also gives an enemy as much time as he needs to conceal his hostile intentions by creating the fraudulent diplomatic climate of peace which will then allow him to maximize his first-strike privilege by making it a surprise. We are here together today because just such an event took place 37 years ago-the catastrophic Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. When Admiral Yamamoto set to sea to launch his long- planned strike on our Fleet, a Japanese diplomatic mission was in Washington, ostensibly seeking what today we would call a detente agreement. According to those "reliable White House and Department of State sources" on which our reliable press so heavily relies for its intelligence, the negotiations had been making progress. When the Japanese bombs began to rain down on our sitting- duck ships and planes in Honolulu, our Chief of Staff, General George Marshall, was enjoying a leisurely morning canter in Rock Creek Park. (I believe this marked the last time any Chief of Staff has ever been seen there on horseback). When the Dies lrae was over, President Roosevelt pro- claimed December 7th a day that would "live in infamy". The day has lived less in infamy than as the day when Murphy's Law worked with a vengeance. Everything that could go wrong went wrong at Pearl, at Hickham, at Clark Air Field in the Philippines, and in Washington. But what went most wrong was the failure of Intelligence. The official assessment of the blame for Pearl was delayed until the Congressional investigations of 1946. These showed that fragments of hard intelligence on the imminence of the attack had been collected, and that the attack might have failed of success if these fragments had been gotten together, evaluated and disseminated to our top decision makers In time for them to get their heads together. The investigations also revealed there had been no U.S. intelligence out of Tokyo on Yamamoto's secret plans to attack Pearl. Such intelligence would have enabled the United States to take steps that would have prevented the attack. The Congressional investigations, In effect, exonerated Presi- dent Roosevelt and his top foreign policy makers of any blame for the disaster at Pearl. (In passing, the judgments of History have not been quite so lenient. Historians are the "intelligence agents" of Literature; they collect, analyze, evaluate, verify, and produce the information and estimates about the past we call History). But as Congress saw things in 1947, through no fault of his own, President Roosevelt, our Commander-in-Chief, did not have right there on his desk the Intelligence he needed either to meet or to prevent the attack on Pearl. Consequently Con- gress decided that no American president must ever again be left in such dangerous ignorance of enemy intentions. This decision resulted in the passage of the National Security Act of 1947, which created the Central Intelligence Agency. There is a CIA because there was a Pearl Harbor. Now there are always a certain number of fools and nitwits in any society. But as we are a democracy, they, like every other group, are also represented in Congress. Fortunately, on the Committees which framed the 1947 Act, there was no representative idiotic enough to think that the foreign intel- ligence necessary to the prevention of "another Pearl" could be openly, or legally, collected abroad. Congress well under- stood that it had to be collected by clandestine means; and that, as espionage in all sovereign nations Is considered a criminal act deserving of death, American citizens engaged in the dangerous business of spying on foreigners must be pro- vided with "clandestinity", or cover. 1947 was the first year of the Cold War. It is interesting to recall today that one of the Soviet acts which initiated the Cold War was Stalin's refusal during the Immediate post-war period, to withdraw his troops from Iran. Congress had no trouble in perceiving that the Soviet Union was the only power capable of attacking the war-devastated countries of Europe, and the Middle-East. Congress also recognized that the Soviet Union's Marxist-Leninist ideology committed it to a policy of World Revolution and to the overthrow, by force or subversion, of the political systems of all non-Communist countries. The Com- munist threat in 1947 was worldwide, and required a worldwide U.S. intelligence effort. The National Security Act of 1947 was accordingly drawn to permit a wide range of clandestine activi- ties in countries threatened with Communist take-overs or sub- version. An oversight, or watch-dog senatorial committee was sub- sequently designated with the power to monitor and review CIA's clandestine activities, and to keep a watchful eye to its observance of the terms of the charter. The prime assignment implicity given to U.S. clandestine agents was to uncover the secret military and political designs of the Soviet Union. From the beginning, as you so well know, this proved to be an almost Mission Impossible. The USSR Is a hermetically sealed totalitarian society run by a handful of mes- sianic, dogmatic, ruthless and congenitally secretive dictators. Life for American undercover agents in the land run by the pseudo-Tsars of the Politburo doesn't bear the slightest resem- blance to the plush, lush, sexy lives of the spies popularized In the James Bond-type novel. It is, in fact, pretty grim and decidedly unhealthy. It is even unhealthier for Soviet defectors- in-place. Big Brother is always watching. A Soviet citizen caught passing over even non-strategic information to a foreigner-say, statistics on the Ukrainian beet crop-if he Is not shot as a traitor, winds up in the Gulag. Understandably enough, Soviet defectors of any significant importance have been few and far between. Consequently, the Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 collection of enemy intelligence by human beings, or "humint", as it is somewhat awkwardly called in the spy trade, has had to rely heavily on foreign liaison and non-Soviet sources. To overcome the impenetrability of the Soviet Union by "humint", the United States progressively developed highly sophisticated electronic equipment. Today most of the intel- ligence input is produced by electronic means. But although this "sigint" input is now enormous-indeed, almost over- whelming in volume-much of it is fuzzy, fragmentary and fragile. And (a fact which critics of the agencies tend to Ignore) the quality of this vast quantity of electronic information can only be analyzed, evaluated and verified by highly trained, and objective minds, in other words by "humint". By 1974, more than a quarter of a century had passed since the enactment of the National Security Act. By 1974, the presumptive evidence was that CIA had not failed to perform its mission. There had been no armed attack by the Soviet Union on the NATO coun- tries. On the contrary, Europe had been enjoying the longest period of peace in the thousands of years of its history. All the Industrial democracies were prosperous, and there had not been anywhere in the west "another Pearl Harbor." Was it not then reasonable to assume that the agencies had been doing their job of providing the intelligence our government needed to maintain the security of the Western Alliance? If so, wouldn't you say that by 1974 the agencies were entitled to take a modest bow for mission-so-far accomplished? Far from being asked to take a bow beginning in 1974, the CIA has suffered a sustained attack by the media and the Congress which has not reached such destructive proportions that it can only be described as the "Intelligence Pearl Harbor." The CIA was accused not only of innumerable sins, failures, errors and illegalities; it was also alleged to have committed serious crimes. You know-who better?-that 98% of these accusations were false, and that for the rest, the actual Illegalities, i.e., those which violated the terms of the National Security Act, were grossly exag- gerated in numbers. And you also know-who better?-the shat- tering effect of this three-year assault on CIA's purposes, methods, and accomplishments, and on the professional integrity and the loyalty of its leaders to our democratic ideals and institutions. First, the attack has destroyed the public confidence that the CIA had enjoyed for a quarter of a century. The extent of the damage done to CIA's public image was noted by President Carter in a recent TV interview. When he was asked by his interviewer, Bill Moyers, to what he attributed the loss of public confidence in government and the lack of respect and credibility that America is now accorded abroad, Mr. Carter replied, "Water- gate, Vietnam, and the CIA." Second, the attack has left the agency not only discredited, at home and abroad, but decimated, demoralized, torn by Internal dissension over its trade-craft policies and Its leadership and re- organized Into a state of disorganization. But the worst effect of the attack on CIA is that it has now called into question, on grounds of "morality" and constitutionality, the principle of clandestinity, and this has adversely affected the effec- tiveness of the entire Intelligence Community. The principle of clandestinity will, most certainly, be recognized by the new Security Charter now being written. But If the new charter should continue as it does today, to require six or eight oversight, or watchdog committees, U.S. Intelligence agents, In practice, will wind up with about as much cover as the gentlemen In Viva's centerfolds. In view of the fact that the Intelligence Community had carried out its essential mission in respect of U.S. security, how are we to explain the violence and persistence of the attack that has been and is still being made on it? Many attribute it to the increasingly irresponsible appetite of the media-nurtured by its Watergate and Vietnam successes-for sensational exposes of "immorality" in government; and to Its-ar- rogant assumption that, the First Amendment supercedes the Con- stitution. Many also attribute it to the marked increase in Congress of headline junkies who need their dally "investigation" fix. But in my view, the correct explanation is that many influential people In the media, politics, diplomacy, academe, sincerely believe that the CIA is no longer necessary because they no longer believe in any possibility of war with the Soviet Union. The way they see it is that a) any conventional war involving the two superpowers would "Inevitably" lead to a nuclear war; that b) the leaders of both nations know that a nuclear war would be a mutual suicide pact; and that c) there will therefore be NO West-East war conventional or nuclear. Quod erat demonstrandum. Moreover, these optimists hold that the climate of peace, as exemplified by Detente and-SALT, Is constantly im- proving, and that nyAjpp/eo%poiorRL4 gigr2@OWdttl0I gradually achieved by diplomatic negotiation and compromise and by technological aid, trade and cultural exchanges. Moreover, as they see it, the Big News of the world is that the threat of world rev- olutionary communism, under the domination of the USSR ended with the Soviet-Sino rupture, and the alleged alienation of the Euro- pean Communist parties from Moscow control. Everywhere around the globe, these optimists opine the aspirations of peoples are for more national independence, more economic progress, more in- dividual liberties, more human rights, and in this new world in which a thousand flowers of peace and freedom are budding, if not exact- ly blooming, a worldwide, multi-billion dollar spy outfit is not only unnecessary, it Is a horrendous and inflationary waste of the tax- payers' money. And lastly, they hold that in these propitious cir- cumstances a powerful professional cloak and dagger corps messing about abroad is totally incompatible with the democratic ideals, the morality, and the laws of our open, not to say, wide- open mouth society. Now I venture to suggest that few of you former Intelligence of- ficers share this optimistic view of the inevitably benign future of American-Soviet relations, much though all of you could wish it were the correct one. But neither, as I have known you, are you pessimists, In the Solz- henitsyn mold, convinced of the inevitable collapse of the West and the coming of the nuclear Armageddon. You know that good things have happened and bad things have happened in the past, and that good things and bad things can hap- pen again in the future. You know from long experience, that the only thing that can be said with certainty about the future is that nothing can be said with certainty about the future. By long training in your profession you are objectivists. Objec- tivists base their judgments on the undeniable facts of yesterday and today, and not on the hopes or fears they may entertain for tomorrow. And the undeniable facts are these: When the National Security Act was passed, the United States was unquestionably the most powerful military power on earth. To- day the forcesof the Soviet Union are as great as our own in all categories of weapons, and in relation to our own they are constantly increasing. Today as yesterday the Soviet military doctrine of war is purely Machiavellian. In contrast to ours, this doctrine holds that any war is just that serves Soviet national and ideological interests. Soviet ends justify Soviet means. In Soviet military doctrine, to strike first is to be twice armed, and all weapons including nuclear and chemical, are acceptable that will assure victory. In pursuit of their ideological andnational ends in the past, the Soviets have supported Hitler, broken their Yalta agreements, re- duced all the East European nations to satellites, initiated the Berlin blockade, supported and provisioned Mao's China, Communist North Korea, and Castro's Cuba, planted Soviet nuclear missiles 90 miles off our shores, supported and provisioned North Vietnam, supported and provisioned Egypt in the Yom Kippur war, and broken the human rights clauses of the Helsinki agreement. Today they are supporting and provisioning Syria, and the PLO and are actively involved, together with Cuba, in projecting Soviet military power into Africa. Today Soviet policy is ostensibly peaceful co- existence. But when one objectively reviews the long and con- sistently anti-West political and military record of the Soviet Union and considers its growing military power, there is some reason to believe its intentions towards the West are not, to put it mildly, above suspicion of still being hostile. To sum up: "The beginning of all war", wrote Milton, three centuries ago, "may be discerned not only by the first act of hostility, but by counsels and preparations foregoing." The American moral doctrine of war requires the United States to accept and to absorb the first act of hostility and this makes it im- perative for us to discern the "counsels and preparations fore- going" or as we would call them today, the secret intentions and concealed capabilities of the Soviet Union. The Intelligence services cannot function effectively without dis- cipline, continuity, esprit de corps, and trusted tradecraft leader- ship. But they cannot function at all without clandestinity. If the agencies are not permitted by Congress to do their job, the President will be ill-informed and will not be able to do his. An ill- informed President, as we learned the hard way on December 7, 1941, is a danger to our own security. Today an ill-informed Presi- dent is a threat to the peace of the whole world. And now forgive me. I realize that what I have been doing is even worse than preaching to the choir. I have been sermonizing to the pastors. But I am very grateful for the opportunity you have given me to thank you as former members of the Intelligence Community, for all you have done over the many years to prevent-or anyway, pt,. IpprR9R8Gepl14t151R@.00100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88- Commission has no criteria for determining the kinds of 11AY.1LI(1~11'~ Service 1..11AY 1 LK 1rJG activities or affiliations that should raise questions about the loyalty of applicants or employees.... During the next session of the Congress, we will be considering legislation which is designed to provide a statutory basis for the national intelligence activities of the United States. This bill is entitled the "National Intelligence Reorganization and Reform Act of 1978". This would provide statutory authorization for national intelligence, counterintelligence, and counterterrorism activities. It also would pro- vide budget authority, and define procedures, restrictions and pro- hibitions relating to intelligence collection and special activities. Finally, it would provide the statutory basis for oversight and account- ability. Ultimately, this legislation must provide the statutory authority for intelligence organizations and operations for many years to come. The tenor and thrust, and the content, of this legislation will, in large measure, determine whether or not we have a strong, effective intel- ligence organization. The battle lines are being drawn. Many organizations - such as the ACLU - have already published their views concerning this legisla- tion, and have taken a stand which would be detrimental to our national security. Their members are hard at work now in writing, lobbying, and researching in order to influence to the maximum extent possible the final version of this legislation. They are hard at work lining up witnesses to testify before the Congress, and they are writing in newspapers, appearing on TV, and publishing in academic journals. In summary, they are committed to neutralizing the intelligence capability of the United States. What can be done to stop them? We must take the initiative - and research the subject, and we must provide counterarguments. We need assistance in doing research and basic analysis, in order that the other side of the picture can be articulated effectively. We need publicity in favor of intelligence across the nation - In various newspapers and other media - because it remains a fact of life that legislation is sometimes passed, not on the basis of information collected and analyzed by Congress, but on the basis of the positions and Interests of constituents back home. In essence, we need an education program, to inform our citizens of the basic issues. We need assistance, both analytical and legal, to counter the effect of the opposition. We need witnesses, who under- stand the need for a strong intelligence organization, and are willing to testify to that effect. And finally, we need to have the subject examined and discussed in publications which are widely read and respected by legislators, and by influential citizens. AFIO has already made an extremely significant contribution. Your presentation before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence made clear a number of serious conceptual flaws in pending intelligence reorganization legislation. I solicit your continued support and active participation in the coming months to ensure that the legislation adopted by the Congress represents the proper balance between national security and individual rights, as perceived by the entire population. We cannot permit a dis- affected liberal enclave to succeed In their efforts to destroy the Intel- ligence capabilities of this nation. In summary, future U.S. Intelligence activities will be seriously impaired unless we, - you - all of us do something about It. Again, let me thank you for the privilege of addressing this dis- tinguished association today. Announcing the... Thomas H. Karamessines AFIO Memorial Fund Through the initiative and generosity of Nancy C. Forgarty of Washington, D.C. the memory of Thomas H. Karamessines will be perpetually honored in an AFIO fund. Those who wish to contribute, or establish similar funds for other deceased intelligence officers, should auvise AFIO's national head- quarters. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, GREATER NEW YORK CHAPTER, AFIO. Left to Right: Frank LiBrandi, Derek A. Lee, CBE (chairman), Gus Vellios, Ralph Vollono (Sec.-Treas.), William Hood. George Bookbinder, sixth member of the Committee was not present for photo- graph. FLORIDA The Suncoast Chapter met in October at the Bath Club in Reddington Beach, Florida to hear Francis and Marea Wynn provide a first-hand report on the National Convention. George McMichael was the host in this reunion of the active Florida Chapter of AFIO whose members are kept up to date in an informative news- letter distributed by Dave Kelsey. The new Southwest Chapter was created in August when AFIO members from the area met at the home of Herman and Martha Bly in Fort Myers. AFIO Florida State Chairman Stan Phillips was on hand to install officers. Among those in the forefront of the new group are Gerald W. Davis, William T. Hornaday, and Mary E. Evans. (Colonels Davis and Hornaday met for the first time at the chapter's organizational meeting since they served together in O.S.S.; Herman Bly has been an FBI and CIA officer; and Mary Evans was with Department of State Intelligence.) The Goldcoast Chapter has pro-tem officers: Sally O'Connell, president, Henry G. Ketchens, Vice Presi- dent, and Eileen King, Secretary-Treasurer. Stan Phillips, who was recently elected to AFIO's Board of Directors, is expanding his efforts to include the Southeastern states of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, in addition to his Florida responsibilities. Members outside of Florid& who are interested in helping state organizations should con- tact: Stan Phillips, Global Office Building, Suite 304A, 745 N. Federal Highway, N. Palm Beach, Florida 33408. NEW YORK AFIO members wishing to join the Greater New York Chapter, which includes Manhattan and its environs, should contact Ralph Vollono, 2555 Wilson Avenue, Bronx, New York 10469. The chapter had a pre-conven- tion meeting on September 21 under the gavel of Chair- man Derek A. Lee. Derek is a new member of AFIO's Board of Directors. (See Photo). Also, the New York State Chapter had an organiza- tional meeting on October 12 at the Officers' Club, Hancock Air Force Base, Syracuse. The following pro-tem officers were elected: Robert R. Maguire, of Pittsford, president; Joseph G. Vincent, New Hartford, vice president; William W. Buhl, Syracuse, secretary/ treasurer; and Earl G. Yarnetsky, Sr., Buffalo, chairman of the platform committee. PENNSYLVANIA The Keystone State group met in Hershey, Penn- sylvania on November 18, and Jack Maury from AFIO's National Headquarters was on hand as a speaker. Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : tIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 ON THE INTELLIGENCE BOOKSHELF ...Current books of interest to intelligence buffs and watchers of the world scene. All reviews are by AFIO members. David Atlee Phillips, THE CARLOS CONTRACT. New York: Macmillan [1978]. 252 pp. $8.95. Many a retired intelligence operator has this daydream now and then in which the phone rings and a former colleague, speaking for the Director, asks, even pleads, for him to go back to work to help out with a problem that only he can solve. In fact, precisely this has happened more than once in real life and not merely in daydreams. Now, along comes retiree David Atlee Phillips, well known to AFIO members as our principal founder and Chairman of our Board, to weave such an approach into a fast-moving, suspenseful espionage thriller in which the DCI's plea is made, accepted and, after hair-raising adventures and misadventures in seven or eight countries, the problem is solved and the retiree walks off with all the prizes - "the girl, the gold watch and everything." Moreover, all this is done with skill and, as you would guess, with faithfulness to the realities of covert operations. No in- explicable and mysterious interventions here. All is plausibly explained in due time and convincing operational detail. The story begins with retiree William McLendon, aka "Mack the Knife," known in his day as the best "street man" in the Agency, sitting in his law office in Washington, wondering whether his after- noon tennis match is going to be cancelled by rain. A rap at the door. Two visitors enter and that is the last quiet moment for Mack McLendon or the reader for the next 252 pages. The visitors have a proposal to make that McLendon can't turn down. It is no less than to neutralize the most dangerous of inter- national terrorists, Ilyich Ramiriz-Sanchez, better known as Carlos, the same who organized the kidnapping of the OPEC ministers in Vienna and numerous other feats of bloody-minded terrorism around the world. At first McLendon is reluctant to accept because the Agency does not wish to be involved and is merely acting as middleman between McLendon and an international consortium upon whose employees Carlos is working his mayhem. But when he finds out that Carlos has turned to systematically eliminating Chiefs of Station who are all old friends, he agrees to accept the contract -on his own terms. The story then follows McLendon step by step as he rapidly pulls together a team of technical wizards, weapons specialists, researchers and linguists extraordinary, collects all the available information in the files and begins to zero in on his target. His progress is delayed some- what as Carlos becomes aware of his plans and strikes back viciously. Only by virtue of the strictest compartmentation and the quickness of his own reactions is McLendon able to survive the strategems of his enemy. We have a succession of mini-climaxes: a duel to the death with a hired gun; a flawless surreptitious entry in which the second story artist is able to escape with the vital documents only by stripping down to his skivvies and literally sliding out of the hands of his enemies, having thoughtfully smeared his body with grease beforehand. Finally the ultimate - and completely unexpected - climax as McLendon and his team deploy to foil Carlos' daring plot intended to strike at the heart of our government. All of this is told with verve and superb color compounded of the human foibles of the large cast of characters and the author' grasp of technical detail as well as his connoiseur's knowledge of such critical matters as food, drink, automobiles, lethal weapons and female attire - or lack of it, as on Copacabana Beach, Rio de Janeiro. The narrative is studded with wry gems of human curiosa. For example, there is a stunner of an interview with a cynically friendly KGB officer which ends with his asking plaintively how thick is his file at Langley. " 'Your file is impressive, Boris.' Mack held his thumb and forefinger about an inch apart. 'That thick.' Autographed copies of THE CARLOS CON- TRACT are available for AFIO members, with the retail profit going to the AFIO treasury. Send your check made out to AFIO for $8.95 to the Virginia office. Please indicate any special inscription desired. On. The Russian was crestfallen. 'That is not so thick. The file on Mack the Knife is three volumes.' " Or a pub and restaurant crawl in Madrid, where two of our char- acters go "on foot from cantina to cantina drinking a glass of wine and sampling the specialty. . .at each stop - crayfish in one, mussels in another, clams, oysters, pork, chicken, skewers of beef - ending with a glass of raw, red wine for the road ...as they stood ankle-deep in discarded shrimp shells." McLendon knows what he likes in drink, food, women and tobacco. Gauloise cigarettes (bleu of course); Barbancourt Five Star rum or martinis with a dash of brandy instead of vermouth. He wears a fur-lined raincoat and when necessary can drive his Cougar like Mario Andretti. He is thoroughly bewitched by his CIA contact, a lovely woman case officer named Janet Wilson, and she is a gem to match his other tastes. The love affair takes a bit of a beating in the course of the action but emerges intact in the end as the two driveoff into the night together after having finally dispatched Carlos. For people with intelligence experience there is one final plus in "The Carlos Contract." The operational aspect is put together with full respect for the verities of compartmentation, controlled conditions, precautionary signals, alternative contact plans and all the other essentials of successful clandestinity. To sum up this thoroughly satisfactory suspense and action drama, while the reader is engrossed in its pages it seems that Ian Fleming is alive and well and living under alias in Bethesda. Moreover, since we last enjoyed his work, his trade- craft has improved enormously. Douglas S. Blaufarb David Kahn, HITLER'S SPIES: GERMAN MILITARY INTELLIGENCE IN WORLD WAR H. New York: Macmillan [1978]. 671 pp. $16.95. At first blush one wonders, is there really need for such a ponderous tome as this, on such a chewed-over subject as this? Especially after the ponderous tomes of Ladislas Farago (The Game of the Foxes, 1971) and Anthony Cave Brown (Bodyguard ofLies, 1975), to cite but two, or the far less ponderous but equally opposite volume by John C. Master- man (The Double-Cross System, 1972)? The answer would seem to be that Mr. Kahn makes his case. Begun as a doctoral dissertation under H.R. Trevor-Roper at Oxford, eight years in the research and writing, Hitler's Spies is a study that 'most any World War addict ought to have by him. We do not specify which World War because the author chooses to lead his reader back to Wilhelmine Germany and then work forward to his topic after revealing its roots in that earlier day. The research apparatus is impressive. The extensive bibliography includes archival citations as well as a mass of published titles, manu- script collections, and no fewer than 103 personal interviews. The annotation at rear is meticulous and dense, the index very serviceable (though far from exhaustive). There are fifty-two photographs, plus numerous other illustrations. The author is, indeed, so totally engrossed by his subject that many sections of the text, together with their accompanying graphs and diagrams, should stand for some time to come as measuring rods against any future assessment. And the book is well written. Despite Mr. Kahn's disclaimer that he had ended his chapters "on downbeats, with flattened prose," before the chapters end the reader has been treated to a smooth, often quotable narrative. The author has purposely excluded the following topics: mapping, weather, radar, and counterintelligence. He has attempted the following three approaches "never before used together in a book on intelligence": coverage of all forms of information-gathering, not just espionage; a basis on primary sources, not secondary; and an analysis of not just the coups of intelligence but its failures or lack of utilization by its requesters. Resultant therefrom it is the author's considered opinion that "this gigantic, jerry-built apparatus, Germany's intel- ligence system," was disastrously misused by Hitler and his captains and, in the case of the Abwehr, "never once" scored a triumph. He gives at length his reasons for this conclusion, which the reader may pursue for himself. And he goes beyond it, to affirm: "...in the 4,000 years from the dawn of civilization to World War I, military intel- ligence had little effect on warfare" (p. 28). This reviewer doubts that the author fully makes his case there. Be that as it may, the reviewer would yet like to repeat substantially what he said of Mr. Kahn's earlier opus, The Codebreakers (in the New York Times Book Review, January 7th, 1968) - here is a monumental piece of work. Curtis Carroll Davis Approved For Release 2004/11/0'D: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-0,V15R0001005000Q1-1 NOTES FROM NATIONAL VIDEO TAPES OF CONVENTION AVAILABLE ON LOAN BASIS We have two cassettes of the three principal speeches made at the October National Convention which can be made available for showing at chapter meetings or before civic groups. The speakers are the Honorable John A. McCone, Congressman Bob Wilson and Admiral Ulysses S. Grant Sharp USN Ret. The tape is 52 minutes in length and is especially useful for AFIO members who were unable to attend. DECORATIVE PLAQUES FOR MEMBERSHIP CERTIFICATES ....Handsome 13x15 walnut plaques with Lucite covering are available on special order. Your original Membership Certificate with type- written name will be replaced with a similar certificate with hand- lettered name and dates for $25.00. In the past, the plaques have been forwarded unmounted but we have now arranged for our supplier to do the mounting for us. These attractive pieces are suitable for home or office and AFIO makes a couple of dollars in the process. We have previously asked for three week delivery time but we caution that can be extended since we must buy at a certain quantity in order to obtain our discount. AFIO LIBRARY STILL LAGGING. . . . We are still very much interested in receiving books - fiction or non-fiction - on the subject of intelligence and national security. We are particularly interested In obscure or out of print books which may someday be useful to researchers in the field. A library of authoritative works has long been an AFIO goal. You may want to check with your local public and academic libraries for contributions. Such donations are tax-deductible but the dollar value should be estimated by the donor. Hard-back or soft-back books are welcomed. INFORMATION ON DECEASED MEMBERS. . ..Some members have written us that our notices concerning the death of AFIO members do not include an appropriate charity to which friends might contribute. As much as we would like to provide such information, it is something that AFIO cannot and should not do without consultation with the family of the deceased. It is a matter of concern, however, that we very often do not learn of the death of our members until we receive a piece of returned mail. We urge you to let us know about the demise of your fellow members so that we may honor them in the newsletter and communicate the respects of association members to the survivors. NEW DIRECTORY .... We hope to issue a membership directory after the first of the year. We must do this with the Information now at hand. Please check your present directory listing and mailing address and send us any changes necessary. A supplement is planned for mid-1979. WHAT HAVE YOU DONE LATELY? ....We know that dozens of you have been out speaking and writing on behalf of the intelligence community but we sit back here in the dark! We need to hear about your activities. Not just for PERISCOPE - but to cite your efforts as evidence that AFIO is an active national organization. Please keep us informed. NOTICE TO MEMBERS IN THE WASHINGTON METRO- POLITAN AREA: We are In need of part-time assistance in the follow- ing fields: Convention and luncheon arrangements, legal matters, legislation, publications (including the PERISCOPE, new brochures, review of published material on intelligence), membership, etc. The more volunteers the less time each will be required to spend on a given subject. For additional information call AFIO Vice President Don Huefner at 938-9352. If you can assist us, kindly contact the AFIO office or call Don. AFIO EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR JACK COAKLEY STEPS DOWN In a letter dated November 29, Jack Coakley advised the Board of Directors that he has found it necessary to resign as AFIO's Executive Director. Jack is becoming engaged in political activity which he believes might be incompatible with his status as an AFIO executive. In his letter Jack made it clear that he "will still be an active and en- thusiastic member" in the important work which faces AFIO in the coming years. Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, Jr., AFIO's outgoing Chairman of the Board of Directors, was a speaker at the California convention. AFIO LIFE MEMBER HONOR ROLL The following members have joined the growing ranks of AFIO Life Members: Paul A. Arsenault Palm Beach Gardens, Florida Mrs. Barbara F. Lee Harwichport, Massachusetts COL F. M. Brandstetter USA Acapulco, Mexico Ret. Mr. Charles V. Brewer Bethesda, Maryland Mr. Cecil J. Cartwright Yazoo City, Mississippi Bert E. Cohrs Hot Springs, Arkansas Mr. Robert E. Downard Normandy, Missouri Mr. George P. A. Forschler Boise, Idaho Mr. Billy L. Goodman Cape Girardeau, Missouri Mr. Howard Grinn Douglaston, New York Mr. R.M.A. "Scotty" Hirst Wiesbaden, Germany Mr. Wilfred L. Kimble Houston, Texas The Honorable Clare Boothe Luce Honolulu, Hawaii The Honorable John Alex McCone Los Angeles, California Molly G. Pamplin Falls Church, Virginia Mr. Glen Eugene Pringle Manassas, Virginia Mr. George Roberts Kaneohe, Hawaii ADM U. S. Grant Sharp USN Ret. San Diego, California Mr. John E. Shirley Hollywood, California Warren A. Snyder Bridgeport, Pennsylvania Frank E. Squittieri Bronx, New York Maj George H. Stone USAF Ret. Redondo, California MAJ Robert S. Law AUS Ret. Mr. Jacob Weisman Brooklyn, New York New York, New York Sam S. Woolington. M.D. Pomona. California Li/i' Membership is available to both Full and Associate Members. AFIO by-laws stipulate that Life Membership fees will he at least ten times the cost of annual dues. With the increase in annual dues announced in this issue, the fee is $200.00 efli?ctive 1 January 1979. This contribution is tax- deductible. Approved For Release 2004/11/01 :tIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 FROM A M F,9r VRbWRY94MAA- NP88-?13158000100500001-1 It is with great pride that I embark on my duties as the new President of AFIO. I am honored indeed to suc- ceed such fine leaders as Dave Phillips and Dick Stil- well with whom I have been closely associated in both intelligence work and com- bat. Great progress has been made and it seems to me that the number one objective must be to main- tain that growth and momentum. Continue The March The very recent meeting of our Board of Directors confirmed this feeling with policy guidance to that end. First and foremost there is the realization that during the coming year legislation of crucial importance to the intelligence community will be considered in the next Congress. We believe that AFIO can perform a sig- nificant service by means of analysis, preparation of views and testimony toward ensuring that the legislation best serves the interest of the United States. Any such law must guarantee the most accurate and well prepared intelligence for our decision makers of which the community is capable. As mentioned in the last PERISCOPE, funding is a problem always with us and it will increase in im- NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE STUDY CENTER Ray Cline, a member of our Advisory Committee, has told us about progress in developing a ground-breaking program to stimulate scholarly understanding and public discussion of the key role good intelligence plays in our national security and foreign policy. A small group of academic and government career officers in this field has formed the National Intelligence Study Center (NISC), a private non-profit educational organization based in Washington. Ray Cline is the President. NISC started up its activities this year on the basis of a few volunteer donations and plans to seek contributions from foundations as well as modest annual membership dues from a large number of individuals interested in the history and future of American intelligence activities. The Internal Revenue Service has approved tax-exempt status for NISC. A number of AFIO members may wish to join. As its first formal activity, NISC has announced plans to award a prize of $1,000 for the best book, $500 for the best scholarly article, and $500 for the best journalistic writing by a U.S. citizen on an aspect of the role of American intelligence. These awards will be made for published or unpublished writing in 1978. Anyone who would like more information, make a donation, or become a member of NISC should write to the National IntelligenceStudy Center, P.O. Box 34682, Washington, D.C. 20034. PERISCOPE is published quarterly by the As- sociation of Former Intelligence Officers, Mc- Lean Office Building, 6723 Whittier Ave., Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101. Phone (703) 790-0320. Annual Dues for AFIO, beginning in 1979, are $20 per year. Life Memberships are available for $200. portance as we begin to provide support for some of the substantive projects we have in mind. We are very fortunate in having the volunteered services of Dick Stilwell as the Executive Committee member who will pursue this activity. An organization must grow or lose effectiveness and perhaps even die. We hope to increase our membership by recruitment from those intelligence officers just entering upon their retirement, and from those already retired who have the proper qualifications but are as yet "unsold" for one reason or another. Every member can help in this respect and we hope that you will and ask thatyou do! One of my first tasks will be personal courtesy calls on the leaders of the active intelligence community agencies and upon those Congressmen who direct the oversight of that community by the appropriate committees. AFIO has credibility with all of these gentlemen as to our independence of view, our expertise and our integrity. They know that our interest lies solely helping this country to produce the finest intelligence possible and to protect this country with the finest counter-intelligence possible. It is my aim to ensure that this continues to be recognized by these leaders. And so, as an old Marine takes over from an old Soldier, it seems to hit just the right note to order, "Continue the March" and keep AFIO on its upward curve of growth, momentum and contribution. GENERAL ROBERT E. CUSHMAN, JR., USMC (RETIRED) 25th Commandant of the Marine Corps Robert Everton Cushman, Jr. was born Dec. 24, 1914 in St. Paul, Minn. He attended Central High School there and at age 16, before graduating, was appointed to the U.S. Naval Academy. Upon graduation (10th in his class), he was commissioned a Marine second lieutenant on June 6, 1935 and, after Basic School in Philadelphia, served two years as a platoon leader with the 4th Marines in Shanghai, China, where he earned his first campaign ribbon during Sino- Japanese hostilities in 1937. On Dec. 7, 1941, he was a captain aboard the USS Pennsylvania at Pearl Harbor serving as commander of the ship's Marine Detachment. For two years during World War II in the Pacific, he commanded the 2nd Battalion, 9th Marine Regiment, 3rd Marine Division. He was a 29-year-old lieutenant colonel. General Cushman earned the Navy Cross for extraordinary heroism from July 21, to Aug. 20, 1944, during the recapture of Guam. His 2nd Battalion was ordered to seize and hold a strongly organized and defended enemy strongpoint which had held up the Marine advance for three days, and at one point during the fighting, the Japanese pushed back the flank of the battalion. Lt. Col. Cushman personally led a platoon into the gap and repelled the hostile force. The strongpoint was overcome with the annihilation of one enemy battalion and the route of another. During his career, General Cushman commanded the 3rd, 4th and 5th Marine Divisions, and was also the Commanding General of Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton, Calif. As a colonel, he served with the Central Intelligence Agency in 1949-1951. He served four years (1957-1961) on the staff of the then Vice President Richard M. Nixon, as Assistant to the Vice President for National Security-Affairs. General Cushman served in Vietnam as the Commanding General of the III Marine Amphibious Force, which was the largest combined combat unit ever led by a Marine. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315RO AFIO VOICES ALARM AT PROPOSED LEGISLATION AFIO President Richard Stilwell told the Senate Select Committee on June 15 in Washington that S. 2525 - the draft proposal for restructuring the intelligence community - contains crippling restrictions which will seriously diminish future intelligence effectiveness. "As written," Stilwell said, "the bill is virtually a decision to stop all clandestine operations, not only positive collection and counter-intelligence but also covert action." Referring to numerous presi- dential approvals of certain clandestine activities required by the bill, Stilwell said that the procedures and personal approval by the President of certain activities is a "mountain of red tape" and "an intolerable burden on the highest levels of government." John S. Warner, AFIO Legal Advisor, accompanied the AFIO president during the morning-long session chaired by Senator Birch Bayh (D-Ind.). Mr. Warner prepared the lengthy written statement delivered to the Committee and which served as the basis for Stilwell's oral testimony, and answered legal questions posed by the Senators. A number of Washington-area members of AFIO attended the hearings which were held in the Dirksen Office Build- ing. Senator Walter D. Huddleston, (D-Ky.), explained that the draft version of S. 2525 was written and submitted for public consideration in order that comments could be solicited from those concerned with the final version, which will probably not be voted on by the full Senate this year. Various critics of intelligence - including Morton Halperin, director of the Center for National Security Studies who was present during the June 15 testimony - have described S. 2525 as insufficiently restrictive, claim- ing that it contains loopholes which will allow repetition of past abuses. On the other hand, a number of intelligence establishment leaders, including three former CIA Di- rectors, have labeled the bill as unnecessarily restrictive. Stilwell, joined the latter group in assailing the proposed bill as "an overreaction to a few abuses of the past", in the face of a growing Soviet threat. S. 2525 is known formally as the "National Intelligence Reorganization and Reform Act of 1978." Stilwell told the Committee that AFIO believes the bill is mislabeled: "The word 'reform'," he stated, "has an unfortunate connota- tion which is an affront to the thousands of dedicated employees of the intelligence community who were never aware of, (and never) participated in, the very few trans- gressions which led to the many sensational charges of the past few years." In his statement, the AFIO President dealt with all aspects of the proposed legislation which were considered to cause difficulties for the efficient functioning of intel- ligence. As an example, there are some 67 different pro- visions requiring reports by intelligence agencies to the Congress. Space is too brief to list all the issues but we urge members to write for their copy of this statement. After reading it, munity and to you R ~9yh ngressmen ~+~~a n We ~Obc&rl tO nao rs. Following the testimony of the AFIO president Senator Barry Goldwater (R-Az.), supported the positions de- fended by Stilwell and Warner. "The American people have no conception of intelligence," the Senator said. Decrying unnecessary revelations and leaks concerning intelligence, the Senator stated that he knew of "one death" of an American intelligence officer following ir- responsible disclosure. In addition to the Senate appearance AFIO submitted on 26 June its strong opposition to H. R. 7308 to the House of Representatives' Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice. The Subcom- mittee is now holding hearings on the act entitled "Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978." (See page 8). Legal Advisor Warner prepared the comprehensive study of the Senate's S. 2525 in collaboration with three AFIO members with extensive legal and Congressional experience: Messrs. John M. Maury, Lawrence R. Houston and Walter L. Pforzheimer. (Copies of the AFIO statement and the complete letter on H.R. 7308 are being distributed to members of the Board of Directors and Chapter Executives. Members who wish copies may obtain them by sending $1.50 to cover mailing and printing costs to AFIO national headquarters). The speaker at the May AFIO Washington luncheon was DCI Frank Carlucci. All the others are former colleagues you may recognize no matter what your service or agency was. INTRODUCTION TO SENATE TESTIMONY OF AFIO PRESIDENT STILWELL Mr. Chairman, thank you for the opportunity to appear before this Committee to present the views of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers (AFIO) on S. 2525, entitled the "National Intelligence Reorganization and Reform Act of 1978." We are especially grateful because we are convinced that our country's ability to cope effectively with the threats to national and Free World security that we are certain to confront over the remainder of this century will depend, in substantial degree, on the professionalism and elan of the intelligence community and the quality of its output. A clarified charter for the intelligence agencies of this govern- ment and clear-cut guidelines to govern thier activities are needed. We, therefore, support legislation to that end. But in our considered view, S. 2525 does not fill the bill. It is long on restrictions, short on flexibility to adjust to changing situations and lacking incentives for greater excellence in intelligence. Many of its provisions are ambiguous and would require almost as many lawyers as case officers. It goes far beyond legitimate and necessary Congressional oversight. A 263-page draft - incidentally, ten times the length of the entire National Security Act of 1947 - can fairly be labeled over-management. It is out of balance. While designed to empower and guide the entire range of national intelligence activities, it concentrates excessively on a miniscule - albeit vital - segment of the total effort. Overall, the drafting of S. 2525 appears not to have been preceded by a detailed appraisal of the extant and projected international and domestic environment, and the role that intel- ligence must play in meeting the resultant challenge to the security of this nation. I realize this is a strong statement, but I am sure that this Committee desires nothing less than complete candor. Before addressing the various provisions of the Bill which are of major concern, let me outline AFIO's perception of the role and responsibilities of our intelligence agencies in the years ahead. In our judgment, our intelligence resources will shoulder burdens far in excess of any experienced to date in support of foreign policy and protection of national security. I am confident that the members of this Committee are under no illusions regarding the ultimate designs of the Soviet Union. The last decade has been witness to prodigious efforts to achieve dominance in every dimension of military power; and the results of this drive have been well documented by intelligence. The Soviet Union is prepared for the eventuality of war at any level but its leadership aspires to advance toward world hegemony step by step, by means short of war. Thus, the principal role of its Armed Forces is to undergird political and economic initiatives intended to disrupt our alliances, sap the vitality of the free enterprise system, isolate the United States and extend Soviet influence into every quarter of the globe. But awareness of the Soviet grand strategy is not a sufficient basis for effective countermoves. The indispensable condition precedent for U.S. and/or Allied actions to checkmate the Soviet Union is advance knowledge of the substance and timing of specific actions to further its expansionist policy. Our intelligence capabilities must coalesce to meet this requirement. Like the strategic nuclear TRIAD, our various intelligence capabilities - conspicuously including human intelligence - are inter- dependent and mutually reinforcing. Yet S. 2525, in its present form, imposes troublesome - approaching prohibitive - operational restraints on the conduct of clandestine collection, i.e. old fashioned espionage. The Soviet challenge is not the only threat to our vital interests abroad. Indeed, there is hardly an area on the globe where one can safely assume that peace and stability will endure. Never before has the security and well-being of the United States been more susceptible to disturbance by events abroad. Our dependence on foreign energy sources is the most dramatic case in point. Our economic life is heavily dependent on foreign trade and resources, and our national defense relies on foreign alliances and overseas bases. Thus situations continue to arise in which we will find it necessary to try to influence the course of events in furtherance of our legitimate national interests. Sometimes these situations may be most prudently and effectively dealt with through means short of direct U.S. involvement. But again, S. 2525 imposes significant obstacles, inhibiting the flexibility which is essential to the success of such operations. These introductory comments would be out-of-balance without a word on counterintelligence. Without effective counterintelligence, neither intelligence operations nor covert actions can be pursued with confidence. The examples of audacious and aggressive KGB operations in the United States and abroad, including the "bugging" of our Embassy in Moscow, which have recently surfaced, are but the tip of the iceberg. Senator Moynihan aptly described the counterintel- ligence threat as "massive." He is so right. Moreover, that threat is growing. Identification of the specifics of that threat and the countering of penetrations of our security necessitates a major effort, sophisticated means and a high degree of opera- tional resourcefulness. Some of the provisions of S. 2525 are not in consonance with the magnitude of that vital and difficult task. Now, we turn to a detailed analysis of S. 2525 and those specific provisions which we believe require thorough review and modification. Approved For Release 2004/11/01 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 -C-rAd?0Vy6/ Nfd88-01315R000100500001-1 Purpose,' Deputy Director Says CIA Deputy Director Frank C. Carlucci, in his first public address since coming to the agency, said he feels a "changing mood" toward CIA in the public, the press and Congress, and that it is gaining "a new sense of national purpose." He also told a luncheon meeting of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers at Fort Myer, Va., on 17 May that there are a number of "important changes" being made at CIA, including more stress on relating signal intelligence to photographic imagery, and increasing use of automatic data processing to help analysts cope with the increasing flow of raw information. Carlucci, who had been U.S. Ambassador to Portugal before assuming responsibility for the day-to-day operations of CIA under Director Adm. Stansfield Turner, told an audience of several hundred that CIA is "very vibrant, very much alive and very much looking toward the future. You may say I'm absolutely crazy," but "I come at this agency with a fundamentally optimistic outlook which I've always had." At State Department posts in Africa, as director of the Office of Economic Opportunity and in other positions, Carlucci said he had faced dire predictions, but that "none of those things came to pass. There's a much greater chance they will come to pass if that's all we dwell on." Today, he said, intelligence agencies "find greater use for the end product; there is greater access to high levels" of the Administration and Congress; "there is a greater opportunity to build public support, and there is an unparalleled opportunity to work with Congress." He admitted there are four major problems facing CIA, but also said there are bright spots. 'Unending Compromise' "The first and most serious" is "what seems to be the unending com- promise of sources and methods." He noted that previously in testimony to the Senate Intelligence Committee, former CIA chief Richard Helms said the agency is "hemorrhaging" with leaks. "Indeed," said Carlucci, "that's the sensation you sometimes get. If you can't protect sources or methods, you can't live. I've seen revelations where people's lives have literally been put in danger. To this day, we can't tell whether they're alive or dead." But "the other side of that coin" is that- "there's not a lot that's come out, particularly given the opportunity for financial gain. Leaks do not come from those that work in the community. There's less and less from the Hill, and none from retired officers. They come from officers who feel ill-equipped or have personal grievances." Some have said, Carlucci noted, that "Moral dilemmas often come on the heels of personal grievances." "I feel the answer isn't solely in legislation," but in creating an "atmosphere where there is a respect for professionalism. . .and high standards. I have an idea some of these revelations are not falling on quite as fertile ground as they fell on before." A second problem is stories in the press about internal CIA affairs - for instance, a study by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) that working conditions at headquarters in Langley, Va., are not up to par. But, "If we're being criticized by OSHA, we're generating a lot of sympathy around the country." Similarly, a recent newspaper story about CIA want ads resulted in a jump in overall applications. "We are in the public eye," but "the people (want) fair play. I think they're becoming increasingly supportive." They are asking "who's worrying about the other side (Soviet intelligence services)?" Carlucci said Director Turner has "talked of an open policy," but stressed that "it's not giving away classified information, but taking information that can be de- classified and making it part of the public dialogue" so the public "can see the very high quality" of CIA work. So far, this policy has not given away "a source or a method." A third major problem is "the role of Congress. There have been a lot of sensational hearings, and there will probably be some more. . But Con- gress has gradually learned more about (the intelligence community)." It now has "separate committees" for intelligence matters and there are "very few leaks (today), if any, out of those committees. "Sure," said Carlucci, "we still have to define the difference between oversight and micromanagement. But we are in a dialogue where we are creating mutual confidence. We're closer to a national concensus that will enable a return to professionalism." The fourth problem is "charter legislation," specifically Senate Bill S. 2525, which is aimed at coming up with new ways for CIA to operate. It "raises a lot of questions and problems," but "you have to look at the legislative process: a bill introduced is not a bill that is passed." It must come up for debate, and "we will speak up." Furthermore, "there are signs we will gain significant support. . .It's a process of compromise.. . After you do it in one house (of Congress), you do it in the other house, .. . and it's all taking place" in a better atmosphere for CIA. Carlucci noted that "the traditionalists say we oughtn't to have any legislation. Indeed, this is a difficult and challenging task. But first, we have passed the point of no return ...and second, given the problems and the confidence issues raised. . .about the intelligence community. - the best way to handle it is to get an agreed-upon charter and agreed-upon standards, where they (Congress) agree and we go ahead.. . Overall, said Carlucci, "I don't mean to leave you with the impression that all is sweetness and light. I don't know how many more skeletons will be dragged out of the closet." CIA, Carlucci said, has put in "109 man- years of effort on 16,000 requests under the Freedom of Information Act. I once told Congress that if the KGB (Soviet Committee for State Security) put in a request (under FOI), we would have ten days to respond, and if we turned their request down, they would have 20 days to appeal." But in general, "I sense a changing mood and a more favorable climate in which to operate." 'A Very Different Set Of Skills' Along with the new climate, "the intelligence product has changed. Today's intelligence (comes from) an integrated approach. . .You can't see Ethiopia as an isolated country," for instance. It must be studied in relation to "the Sudan, Kenya, Angola, and its impact on the Middle East." Issues, such as strategic arms limitation and nuclear proliferation, are now being viewed in the same way. A "cross-cutting" of intelligence is used. And, said Carlucci, "new areas" are being covered. Drugs "are becom- ing an_increasingly important part of the agency's activities;" terrorism is being looked at more closely; theories of economics are being studied with new emphasis - Soviet strategic developments are now evaluated "in the light of economic prospects; and national resources, including oil, are getting more attention from CIA. "So we have a very different set of skills" that in the past. "It's why we have a dual-headed system" of administration that covers both the CIA and the intelligence community as a whole. Director Turner now "has some budget clout and believe me, that is teeth." (Reprinted with permission of Aerospace Daily.) The following is a copy of a Mailgram sent to Attorney General Griffin Bell lauding his refusal, under the threat of contempt of court charges, to release the names of former FBI informants in the civil suit brought by the Socialist Workers' Party: Recently the Association of Former Intelligence Officers was critical of your decision to proceed with the indictments of three former high ranking FBI officials. We are still hopeful that those indictments will be withdrawn. It is now our Association's turn to commend you for your strong stand on the release of the names of eighteen informants sought by the Socialist Workers' Party. We applaud your personal courage in taking that position. It evinces your clear understand- ing of the great harm which could befall intelligence and law enforcement agencies if they could not guarantee the confidentiality of sources. We fervently hope that the courts will have the wisdom to uphold the essentiality of that guarantee. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: clA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 CHAPTER AbEWO For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 FLORIDA The First Annual Florida State AFIO Conference was a successful reunion in Lake Placid on 28 April, with AFIO National President Dick Stilwell receiving a standing ovation from delegates after his speech. Alice Stilwell and AFIO Executive Director Jack Coakley also attended the initial Florida-wide conclave of former intelligence officers. Chairman Stan Phillips reviewed the progress of the group and outlined plans for chapters in Fort Myers and the Panhandle region north of Gainesville. Stan also announced that planning will be beginning soon for both the 1979 State Conference and the 1980 National Convention, scheduled to be held in Florida. The meeting was brought to a successful conclusion with short talks by Al Patti, Herman Bly and O.D. Simpson. During the business meeting Stan Phillips unveiled his plans for a Florida State Action Committee. Stan is forming this group to assist all members interested in making speeches in their communities, media appearances, or in other ways speaking out on behalf of AFIO and the intelligence community. In his Suncoast Chapter News, May edition, editor Dave Kelsey praised Stan Phillips, Al Bembry and Marea Wynn for their roles in making the first state-wide gathering a reality. PENNSYLVANIA Volume 1, Number 1 of the newsletter of the Keystone State Chapter of AFIO was circulated in June. It reported on the first general membership meeting which met at the Carlisle Barracks Officers' Club on 6 May. Chapter by-laws were adopted and plans approved for a program for the coming year. Regular meetings will be held during the months of January, March and May, with an annual meeting each November. Officers have been elected for the chapter: President, Col. E.E. Welch; Vice President, Edward L. Hickcox; Secretary/Treasurer, Barry Ryan; Directors: COL. Thomas B. Hennessey and Frank M. Schramko. A nominating committee for future elections is composed of Gen. Joseph E. McCarthy, Col. Dale J. Hanks and Benedict M. Johnston. NEW ENGLAND AFIO members from five states convened in Newport, Rhode Island on 20 May for a gathering of the New England Chapter. Helen Priest Deck, who is also a member of AFIO's Board of Directors, presided. A contingent of travelers from national headquarters was on hand, including John Maury, Walter Pforzheimer, Larry Houston, Harry Rositzke and Dave Phillips; as was the Chairman of the AFIO Board of Directors Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, Jr., and his wife, AFIO member Rita Kirkpatrick. In the principal address Senator Clairborne Pell spoke after luncheon. The Rhode Island legislator, a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, cited a need for new legislation, saying the 1947 act was overly broad and been used to authorize "many unwise, unproductive and un- democratic acts." But Pell cautioned against overlegislation. "A President must be permitted enough flexibility under the law," he said, "to protect national security." The reunion received extensive publicity in the Providence Sunday Journal and other media; with detailed reporting on the panel discussion on impending legislation in which Messrs. Maury, Houston and Pforzheimer were the principal participants. GREATER NEW YORK The first membership meeting was held in New York on 16 May and, despite a rainy, wet night, attracted a good number of AFIO members from Manhattan and its environs. It was resolved the group will be known as the Greater New York Chapter (plans are being made for another state chapter with headquarters in Syracuse). An Executive Committee was elected: a Chairman, Secretary/Treasurer, and three members. These are, respectively, Derek A. Lee, Ralph Vollono, George Bookbinder, William Hood and Gus Vellios. The next meeting of the new group isplanned for September, just prior to the National Convention in early October, so that the Greater New York Chapter delegate to San Diego will be able to represent the membership at the convention. CALIFORNIA An especially noteworthy gathering celebrated the D-Day anniversary in June when the Orange County Chapter held a dinner-meeting in Tustin, California. The principal speaker was AFIO member Rear Admiral "Ben" Bass, who discussed D-Day and the other two-thirds of the war: the fight to VJ Day and the ongoing intelligence battle which has continued ever since. Special guests included AFIO member Lt. General William R. Peers and General Curtis LeMay. 82 guests from the area attended the evening Rear Admiral "Ben" Bass was the speaker at a June meet- ing of the Orange County, California AFIO Chapter. Above: Tom Moon, Vice President, General Curtis LeMay and President Dennis V. Cavanaugh. NOTES FROM NATIONAL - CONVENTION SIGN-UP FORMS .... With this issue you have received a form to Indicate your intention to attend the Fourth National Convention In Coronado, California on October 1-2, 1978. Please complete and return the form as early as possible to assist the Convention Committee. Please note that the forms are to be mailed to the Convention Committee and not to the AFIO office. CIRA LUNCHEON SET FOR FALL .... The Central Intelligence Retiree Association will hold its Fall Luncheon on October 20, 1978 at the Kenwood Country Club in Bethesda, Maryland. The speaker will be former Secretary of State, Dr. Henry Kissinger. CIRA's address is: PO Box 1150, Ft. Myer, VA 22211. MEMBERSHIP DRIVE .... We are in the process of mailing applications to those individuals listed in our files who were previously contacted but did not join. The preliminary results have been excellent proving that follow-up contacts are well worth the effort. We ask that you look through your own address book for colleagues who are not yet members and either contact them yourself or send us the names so we may forward them information. Our primary source of new members is still through your referrals. Don't overlook friends, neighbors and relatives who support your ideas and would he pleased to join as Associate Members. HAYAKAWA-ZEFERETTI RESOLUTION. . . .Recently you should have received a mailing of the Concurrent Resolution introduced in both Houses of Congress by Senator S.I. Hayakawa and Congressman Leo C. Zeferetti. This mailing was done through the courtesy of Senator Hayakawa's staff. Since the Resolution supports AFIO's position, we provided address labels on a "one-time" basis. We have not released our mailing list to anyone! KEEP US POSTED ....Our AFIO on the Move column reports on member activity so you can learn what your colleagues are doing. Un- fortunately, we don't hear from everyone who is active in speaking or writ- ing. That Information is also of value to the AFIO office as a demonstra- tion of the nationalcharacter of the association. Anytime you speak in public, have material printed, or appear on radio or TV please let us know and include information about the nature of the event. Above all, include pictures! We know you are tired of seeing pictures only of Washington area members In PERISCOPE. All we need are some black and white glossies from you to change that. EUROPEAN MEMBERS....R.M.A. "Scotty" Hirst has written to point out that we often overlook our overseas members. He suggests that those residing in Europe should try to keep in touch and consider occasional get- togethers. We urge the overseas contingent to contact "Scotty" at: 6200 Wisebaden, Gustav-Freytagstrasse 6, Federal Republic of Germany. WASHINGTON AREA MONTHLY LUNCHEONS ....The informal monthly lunch will continue through the summer at Hogates Restaurant at 9th St. and Maine Ave. in the District of Columbia. The luncheons are held the LAST TUESDAY of every month at 1230 hours preceded by a social hour. Reservations are not required but we would appreciate a phone call the day before if you plan to attend. Guests are always welcomed. meeting. (See photo). Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Ap1aUjVLgTf ebF."r(9 1 VV~~ 1[VV~~~1-1 The extent of physical danger to which intelligence officers are exposed during their huggermugger careers has often been exaggerated. There were some exciting episodes in my twenty-five years of service with the CIA when the adrenlin ran fast, notably in Guatemala in 1954, during the Dominican crisis in Santo Domingo in 1965 and in Lebanon in 1958. But in eight countries abroad I found that other foreign service officers ran risks equal to mine and American journalists often had to brave gunfire and hostile crowds while I remained safe at the center of a communications net in a comfortable Embassy office. In fact, other than a few isolated James incidents, the most tense moments in my ligence career came after my retirement in Bond Mr. Snepp and I led off, and our remarks were fol- intel- lowed by a spirited but decorous question and 1975, answer period. Then the viewpoints of the other pair when I ventured onto college campuses to defend the CIA. Some of those excursions to academe were, to use intelligence jargon, hairy. Since 1975 a coterie of ex-intelligence people - all members of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers - have survived threats and unruly audiences at universities and colleges across the country. They have met with hecklers and handbills and placards and protesters. At times they must have wondered if it wouldn't have been wiser, and safer, to have stayed home. Only last September Bill Colby, Ray Cline and I were confronted with a touchy situation at the University of Southern California at Los Angeles. Ray's debate opponent began by saying that Ray should be the first CIA officer to be tried as a war criminal. Then my adversary, assassination buff Mark Lane, accused me of perjuring myself before several Congressional Committees. And the year before that in Madison, Wisconsin, scores of police- men had been summoned to quell what appeared to be an incipient riot when four hundred protesters stormed and took over the hall where I was speaking before a civic group. But, in recent months, I had noted a remarkable trend. Increasingly, when radicals attempted to dis- rupt the dialog, other students would turn on them and say, "Shut up; let's hear what he has to say." Despite this improvement I was nervous recently when I rode an elevator in New York to the fifteenth floor auditorium at Columbia University to partic- ipate in a debate on the CIA. The seminar was sponsored by graduate students at the School of International Affairs. Similar gatherings at other schools, I had found tended to attract a small lunatic fringe more inclined to be unruly than to discuss issues. Surely, I concluded, given Columbia's history of campus unrest, a lively day must be in store. The debate from the podium held little promise of being overly sedate either. Harry Rositzke and I, representing AFIO, had been invited to defend intel- ligence; the opposing speakers were Morton Hal- perin, an indefatigable critic of the CIA, and Frank Snapp, author of Decent Interval, a book which made old-line spies shudder when they read in its Foreward that one of Snapp's first actions on his initial assignment overseas was to begin keeping a diary. NEW BOARD MEMBERS Those who will not be at the October Convention are Invited to submit to National Headquarters nominations for five new members of the AFIO Board of Directors. of speakers were heard, followed by some brisk ex- changes with the audience. But even the most agitated students spoke without excessive emotion. About half way through, I decided it was developing along the lines of a useful debate. Yet, it just seemed too good to be true. Perhaps this was only the calm before a shower of invective would be directed against Harry Rositzke and me. I inspected the crowd - 150 young people - and spotted three likely suspects. Yes, I convinced myself, they would be the ones who would trigger the disturbance. There they were strategically located in the audience, an old Commie tactic. I gave them names: "Beads" for the first, "Long-hair" for the next and the most likely culprit I dubbed "Whiskers." Soon my suspicions were being confirmed. "Beads" and "Long-hair" and "Whiskers" posed their questions: the rhetoric was uninhibited and the Marxist bias, I decided, obvious. Yes, I had been right - the three of them were trouble-makers. But then in due time it was over. During four hours there had been no accusations, no heckling, no strident voices. The quality of the dialog had been good. Afterwards "Beads" chatted with me for a few moments. Then "Long-hair" shook my hand and thanked me for making the trip to Columbia. Only a few people remained as I prepared to depart. "Whiskers" was one of them, standing near the elevator. He spoke to me: "You know, it's really difficult to thrash out these issues in such a large group. We have smaller workshops here frequently. Would you be willing to come back, another time, so we can really bat it around?" PERISCOPE is published bi-monthly by the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, Suite 303A, 6723 Whittier Ave., McLean, VA. 22101. Phone (703) 790-0320. Editor: David Atlee Phillips Assistant Editor: Douglas Blaufarb Photography: George King, Eugene and Dominique Doom Van Steyn. Any material herein may be reproduced if attributed to the Association of Former Intel- ligence Officers. PERISCOPE is distributed widely in Washington, with copies delivered to the office of each member of Congress and key government officials. Approved For Release 2004/11/01 CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 ON THE Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : i6tL(n P ka3~i 00A ~06H~80t~i~l. The bona fides of Nosenko is still very controversial in CIA circles. This book still leaves INTELLIGENCE BOOKSHELF ... Current more questions unanswered than it answers with respect to the-assassina- books of interest to intelligence buffs and watchers of the tion. world scene. All reviews are by AFIO members' JONES, R.V. Editor's note: We are deferring our regularly scheduled book reviews in order to print this check list of recent pub- lications on intelligence. It is excerpted from a list prepared by AFIO member Walter L. Pforzheimer. BEESLY, Patrick. Very Special Intelligence: The Story of the Intelligence Center, 1939-1945 New York: Doubleday, 1978 This excellent book, already published in England, and scheduled for U.S. publication this month, is one of the most accurate of its kind. The Operational Intelligence Center (OIC) In British Naval Intelligence was established to furnish the all-source intelligence necessary to combat, in particular, German submarine and raider elements, and their naval escort ships, as well as other German operations, especially along American- British supply routes in the North Atlantic. The vital convoys in this area were particularly necessary for the survival of Britain. Beesly, who was deputy chief of the Submarine Tracking Room in OIC, has had access to many of the pertinent British naval records, including recently declassified ULTRA documents. An important element of this book is the fact that the Germans were reading many of the British naval codes until well into 1943. [See also. Appendix 10 in The Critical Convoy Battles of March 1943 by Jurgen Rohwer (Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1977)] BROOK-SHEPHERD, Gordon. The Storm Petrels: The Flight of the First Soviet Defectors New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1978 The author, a British journalist, has set forth a well written study of early Soviet defectors from 1928 until the beginning of World War II. The book commences with the defection of Boris Bajanov, personal assistant to Stalin and secretary to the Politburo. Bajanov, still living in France, defected in 1928 and was interviewed extensively by Brook-Shepherd. The four other major defectors described are Grigory Bessedovsky, Georges Agabekov, Walter Krivitsky, and Alexander Orlov. The stories of other defectors are intertwined. As the author states in his preface, this book sometimes reads like "novels of spy fiction", but it is highly authoritative. CAMPBELL, Rodney. The Luciano Project: The Secret Wartime Collaboration of the Mafia and the U.S. Navy New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1977 The author here describes the use of Mafia personnel (including the key figure, the imprisoned Charles "Lucky" Luciano) to secure the New York waterfront from sabotage and subversion of vital cargo shipments in the early stages of World War H. There is also some indication of the use of these persons for positive intelligence for the Invasion of Sicily. This book is based on the official report of New York State Commissioner of Investiga- tion William Herlands in support of Governor Dewey's earlier commuta- tion of Luciano's prison term and the latter's subsequent deportation. At Naval Intelligence request, the Herlands Report was kept secret until It formed the basis of this book. COLBY, William E. Honorable Men: My Life in theCIA New York: Simon and Schuster, 1978 This book describes Colby's intelligence career, commencing with his assignments in OSS in World War II when he parachuted behind the lines on hazardous missions in France and Norway. He then details his CIA career in which he rose from case officer and other assignments to become Director of Central Intelligence during its most troubled and controversial times - the aftermath of Watergate and the Congressional Hearings into alleged misdeeds by CIA and the Intelligence Community. He also discusses his role as an Ambassador in Vietnam and the pacification and Phoenix programs there. EPSTEIN, Edward Jay. Legend: The Secret World of Lee Harvey Oswald New York: Reader's Digest Press (McGraw-Hill), 1978 This highly controversial book, the result of extensive research, presents the author's view of Oswald as a possible or probable KGB agent in the assassination of President Kennedy. Included is extensive consideration that the Soviet defectors, Yuri Nosenko, Anatoll Golltsln, and "Fedora" The Wizard War: British Scientific Intelligence, 1939-1945 New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1978 This book, already published in England and scheduled for June pub- lication here, describes the author's experiences as a scientific intelligence advisor to the RAF and the British Secret Intelligence Service, as well as his associations with senior British scientific personnel throughout World War II. It has received very favorable reviews in British circles. KAHN, David. Hitler's Spies: German Military Intelligence in World War II New York: Macmillan, 1978 This is the most detailed study on this subject in English, written by the author of The Codebreakers, a classic book on cryptology. As it has just been published, there has been no time for professional review. This volume Is based on personal interviews with participants and on extensive research of documentary material. Mr. Kahn is an AFIO member. MONTAGU, Ewen E. S. Beyond Top Secret Ultra New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1978 This book is the World War II memoir of a British Naval Intelligence Officer, Ewen Montagu. In particular, he was the Naval Intelligence member of the Double-Cross (XX) Committee headed by John Masterman. This Committee set the policy for running the doubled German agents in England against the German Abwehr for intelligence and deception purposes up to and through the Normandy invasion. Montagu handled all of the ULTRA and Abwehr traffic pertaining to naval XX matters in furtherance of the XX Committee's activities. Montagu also briefly describes Operation Mincemeat, a major British deception operation in connection with the Allied invasion of Sicily. He was the case officer for this operation, which is described in greater detail in his earlier book, The Man Who Never Was. These memoirs are highly authoritative. MOSLEY, Leonard. Dulles: A Biography of Eleanor, Allen, and John Foster Dulles and Their Family Network New York: Dial Press, 1978 This is a journalistic account of the lives of Allen Dulles, Director of Central Intelligence, his brother, John Foster Dulles, Secretary of State in the Eisenhower administration, and their sister, Eleanor, who had a long career in government, largely in the Department of State. An attempt is made to describe how their lives intertwined. Unfortunately, the book contains so many errors that it must be read with great caution. WALTERS, Lieutenant General Vernon A. Silent Missions New York: Doubleday & Co., 1978 Walters enlisted as a private in the U. S. Army at the beginning of World War II and retired in 1976 in the grade of Lt. Gen. from the position of Deputy Director of Central Intelligence. During those years, he had a unique intelligence career as a military and defense attache, and as an interpreter at many'high level meetings between U.S. Presidents (and other senior government officials) and foreign Chiefs of State. Many of Gen. Walters' assignments were based not only on his great discretion but also on his fine acumen and incredible command of foreign languages. As Defense Attache in Paris, he was able to infiltrate and exfiltrate Henry Kissinger (then Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs) in and out of Paris well over a dozen times for secret talks with the North Vietnamese. In addition, Gen. Walters initiated several meetings with the Chinese leading up to President Nixon's historic trip to China in 1972. He also includes a chapter on the CIA's rejection of White House attempts to involve it in the Watergate cover-up. This book contains many footnotes to history and is written with all of Gen. Walters' brilliance as a raconteur. WEINSTEIN, Allen. Perjury: The Hiss-Chambers Case New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978 Weinstein, a professor of history at Smith College, has written the most comprehensive study to date of the case of Alger Hiss, a former senior State Department official. In this, the author was aided by the declassification and release of thousands of pages of formerly classified government docu- ments about the case. Weinstein began his work in the belief that Hiss had been unjustly convicted. When he had ended his research, he was con- vinced that Hiss was guilty. It is an important study of a major case of (the FBI's Soviet agentAp proved or 2elease r 0g y1 1 : f!i'-Rb gnaYAWf18$'100500001-1 6 NBC-TV R ESPONDS TO For D-le TE1 4/11/01 RiE;iiTT J1 0~,WMA300500001-1 In the last issue we printed a letter sent by AFIO to the Chairman of the Board of the National Broad- casting Company which was critical of the program "Spying for Uncle Sam" which was aired on March 28, 1978. The Law Department of NBC has re- sponded. Following are some extracts from that reply: ...."We regret that you were displeased by the program. It was not the intent of NBC News to condemn the CIA or question the need for its opera- tions. The program had quite a different purpose - to report on the personal experience of one couple that had been involved in certain CIA operations. NBC recognizes.....that other people might have had a completely different experience.... . ..."In your letter you assert that broadcasting the program obligates NBC, under the FCC's fairness doctrine, to present the 'other side' of the 'con- troversial issue of public importance' purportedly discussed. We do not agree. In the first place, we do not believe that the program dealt with 'a con- troversial issue of public importance' within the meaning of the FCC's fairness doctrine.... . ....."While we cannot agree with your views on SPYING FOR UNCLE SAM, we thank you for sharing them with us. We also assure you that NBC News will continue to cover CIA subjects as they become newsworthy." Remember when the then young Gordon McLendon was known to sports fans across the country as The Old Scotchman? McLendon was a prominent sportscaster in the days when Big League games were not broadcast nationally - until Gordon came up with the idea of "re- creation", using sound effect records and a highly developed sense of the dramatic to create the impression that he was on the scene, live, instead of in a radio studio! AFIO Life Member Honor Roll We welcome the following AFIO members whose generous contributions increase the ranks of AFIO Life Members: Mr. Earl S. Archibald Jr. COL Daniel J. Minahan USA Ret. Washington, D.C. Ann Arbor, Michigan LTC Charles T. R. Bohannon AUS Ret. Wilfred R. Mousseau San Juan, Rizal, Phillipines Fair Haven, Michigan Mr. John W. East Mr. Edward F. Regan Arlington, Virginia West Springfield, Massachusetts Mrs. Abigail Berlin Freed Mr. Angel Ricardo Washington, D.C. Miami, Florida Mr. Bella A. Hahn Mr. John Anson Smith Bergenfield, New Jersey Naples, Florida Mr. James F. Hoobler Mr. George W. Steitz Bethesda, Maryland McLean, Virginia Lloyd Pat Landry Mr. Austin J. Thoman Groves, Texas Hilton Head, South Carolina Mr. Edwin 0. Learnard Mr. Edward W. Vincent San Diego, California Toledo, Ohio COL A.F.S. MacKenzie USA Ret. Mr. James E. Walley Holmes Beach, Florida Taylorsville, Mississippi Thomas B. MacKie COL Emmett E. Welch USA Ret. Chicago, Illinois Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Mr. John M. Maury Mr. Garland W. Williams Washington, D.C. West Palm Beach, Florida Remember that Life Membership is available to both Full and Associate Members. The contribution is $150.00 regardless of the age of the member and it is tax deductible. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: clA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 FROM THQIDIo(WK4?STPLVMtE88,01315R000100500001-1 An AFIO Letter To The House Of Representatives Dear Mr. Chairman: As President of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers (AFIO), I have the honor to present the views of our Association on H.R. 7308, the "Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978" on which your Subcommittee is presently holding hearings. We vigorously oppose this bill insofar as it requires a judicial warrant to obtain foreign intelligence by use of electronic surveillance of a "foreign power" or "agent of a foreign power." The provisions which so require run contrary to the national interest. They correct no known abuse, greatly inhibit foreign intelligence activities, create substantial new security hazards, afford no additional safeguards for rights of Americans, and are inconsistent with the Constitution as repeatedly interpreted by the Supreme Court. It is frankly incredulous that the Congress and the Execu- tive should be joining hands in this bill - and its Senate counterpart - to strip the President of his Constitutional prerogatives in the pursuit of no known constructive purpose and at the price of major reduction of effec- tiveness of intelligence. The full substance of our position is set forth in my 15 June testimony before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence with respect to S. 2525; and I therefore attach a copy of that testimony. Incorporated therein is the statement of John S. Warner, Legal Advisor to this Association, before the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence on January 17, 1978. His testimony is fully consistent with the dissenting views of that Committee in its report on H.R. 7308 (Report 95-1283, Pt. I, dated June 8, 1978). I want to place on the record the position of AFIO as further endors- ing both these dissenting views and the substitute bill sponsored by Mr. McClory, subject to the latter's modifications as outlined hereinafter. ...But our principal concern relates to the standards themselves. Not only must it be shown that the foreign power engages in clandestine activities in the United States, it must also be shown that such activities are contrary to the interests of the United States. If a foreign power is conduct- ing intelligence activities in secret in the United States - and it would not be prudent to assume that any foreign power is not - surely no one would DUES TIME AGAIN! During the past year we changed our annual dues payment system from a "Dues Year" (1 June-31 May) to a twelve month period for each member. This was done so members joining throughout the year would receive full value for their payment. Those of you who were previously on the "Dues Year" will find that your annual renewal is now payable. The fee is still only $10.00. To verify your payment date, check your blue and white laminated Membership Card, reproduced below. The DAY and MONTH shown as "Dues Date" in the lower left corner are the day and month your 1978 payment is required. Remember that your annual dues remain the only significant source of revenue for AFIO and they are deductible. We urge you to be prompt with your remittance. 6723 WHITTIER AVE., SUITE 303A MCLEAN, VIRGINIA 22101 JOHN Q. MEMBER IS A MEMBER IN GOOD STANDING MEMBER NO.:1000 DATE ISSUED:AR 7 DUES DATE: 15 MAR AUTHENTICATING OFFICIAL believe that the motivation for such activity is benevolence towards the United States. The universally accepted meaning of "clandestine intel- ligence activities," is espionage, pure and simple. The convoluted words in the report which attempt to explain this statutory standard result in a distortion of the generally understood meaning of words. The requirement as stated in the report that the Government must "show that the foreign power has demonstrated some pattern or practice of engaging in clandestine intelligence activities in the United States contrary to the interests of the United States" is far too restrictive and far too harsh. In effect, it says you can't collect the first or second time such activities occur, but only if there is a pattern or practice. How many times does it take to establish a pattern or practice? We believe this is absurd. Even if it is the first time, let intelligence collect! The wording with respect to these two matters creates inflexibility and denies opportunities. Such wording should never be in a statute. We believe the collection of intelligence from foreigners should not be regulated in detail by law so long as the rights of Americans are safe- guarded. We do not believe the Constitution requires the Executive to forego collection of needed intelligence from foreigners in the United States. The Congress should have the wisdom not to limit the Executive unduly, having in mind the vast responsibility placed on the President by the Constitution in the field of foreign relations and national security. If there is any balance to be struck in this area, surely it should be struck in favor of the President, permitting him to have flexibility and to seize opportunities to fulfill his awesome responsibilities. Just a word concerning the Constitutional issue. The injection of the Judiciary into the foreign intelligence arena, as this bill does, raises pro- found issues bearing on basic Constitutional concepts to which the Supreme Court has addressed itself many times. This legal history is reviewed in the attachment to this letter and in the dissenting views on the House Intelligence Committee Report on H.R. 7308. We are aware that many witnesses have discussed this area. Therefore, we shall not dwell on this except to say that to give the Judiciary approval, or disapproval, auth- ority relating to intelligence collection activities conducted by the Executive against foreigners is simply not consistent with the Constitution. AFIO stands ready to testify on this most serious matter and will be glad to answer any specific questions the Subcommittee may have. The more than 2,500 members of AFIO are former intelligence professionals. Included are officers thoroughly familiar with all aspects of intelligence activities and many who have spent careers inapplying and interpreting the law with respect to such activities. One such is Mr. John S. Warner, former General Counsel of the Central Intelligence Agency who provided the substance of this letter. AFIO offers you its full cooperation and assistance. Richard G. Stilwell General, USA (Ret.) Wendell Blanchard, September, 1977, in Chevy Chase, Maryland. James P. Lee, on 16 December, 1977, in Chillum, Maryland. Maj. Newton S. Courtney, AUS, (Ret.) on 17 February, 1978, in Key West, Florida. Charles B. Randall, February, 1978, in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Frederick A. Porter, in Amherst, New Hampshire. Marian L. Cooley, on 28 April, 1978, in La Jolla, California. Dr. Dale Severtson, in June, 1978, in San Antonio, Texas. Edward Hunter, on 25 June, in Arlington, Virginia. Approved For Release 2OU4/11/II 1 : - - - 8 Approved For Release 2004/11/01 : CIA-RDP88-0131 F(WyPo'0~009uv1 C) 1~5 OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE ASSOCIATION OF FORMER INTELLIGENCE OFFICERS VOL. IV, NO. 2, 1978 AFIO SCRUTINIZES PROPOSED SENATE LEGISLATION Public hearings on S. 2525 - The National Intelligence Reorganization and Reform Act of 1978 - began in Washing- ton on April 4, the eve of a long period of deliberation which will ultimately result in new rules for America's secret operations. Similar to but stronger than the Executive Order which nows prevails, S. 2525 has been described by AFIO President Dick Stilwell as a potential "straight jacket" which would constrain effective intelligence gathering. Stilwell has appointed an AFIO committee to study the proposed legislation; and AFIO representatives have been asked by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, which has prepared the proposed new charter, to present AFIO's case at future hearings. Clark M. Clifford, who was a key draftsman of the 1947 history of U.S. intelligence, and thus is a document each National Security Act - which included the controversial AFIO member should try to read. The length of S. 2525 clause: "such other functions and duties..." - was the makes distribution to each member impractical, but it can lead-off witness before Senator Walter D. Huddleston, be found in its entirety in the February 9th issue of The chairman of the sub-committee which formulated the pro- Congressional Record. Copies should be available in your posed legislation. Clifford urged the Congress not to public library. We urge you to study it and provide your "enshrine" CIA curbs. William E. Colby, appearing the comments to your representatives in Congress. Because of following day, posed no objection to specific laws against its complexity and significance, it is unlikely that the such activities as assassination because there has been "so measure will come to a vote this year but your action much noise" on these subjects. Appearing with Colby, should be now! former DCI George Bush and ex-DDCI Hank Knoche opposed an excess of clearly delineated restrictions. On the Road for AFIO. . . During questioning by the Committee Chairman, Senator Bayh, Bush raised as significant the following point when discussing prohibitions against intelligence use of certain categories of people: "How (could) the use of a v =~ teacher. . .possibly prostitute the educational system?" Bush asked the Senators why they would legislate away "that teacher's right to help his country?" Most intelligence veterans who have reviewed the contents of the proposed bill - 263 pages of "thou shall nots" and some 50 references concerning required reports j to the Senate and House Intelligence Committees - fear that the bill, if enacted in its present form, would go IIIII "~ beyond mere oversight and raise the Constitutional UIY Wmll"~~1 question inherent in the doctrine of separation of powers. "The Congress should be informed, fully informed," Bush said, "but it ought not to micro-manage the intelligence business." AFIO scrutiny of S. 2525 has been assigned to a National Headquarters committee composed of John Warner, Walter Pforzheimer, Larry Houston and Jack Maury; all have extensive experience in the drafting of intelligence legislation, as CIA Legislative Counsels or General (Legal) Counsels. California State Chairman Lee Echols shows off his While AFIO as a group will testify, as well as individuals license plate on his new automobile. Echols also has who are AFIO members, S. 2525 will not be resolved until a been named Chairman of the 4th Annual Convention parade of witnesses who will express oppsoing views of AFIO, to be held the first two days of October at appears before the Select Committee and will find, as one the beautiful old Hotel Del Coronado, across the bay critic put it, that S. 2525 is loaded with "exceptions and from San Diego. His committee is pulling out all the loopholes". stops to see that it will be a memorable occasion for The National I ~~i n e~~ Reorgga ization form the membership. Art of 1978 will coil fi 1 `Wa s'R MI80W t'h CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 Man Bites Dog?. Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA DP8 -01 15R0001005 001-1 eW ictments or FBI Officials CANDIDATE PLEDGES SUPPORT FOR CIA, FBI PERSONNEL Frank Wolf, a young Republican attorney running for Congress in Virginia's 10th District wants public officials to stand up for FBI and CIA personnel. "It is a great shame," Wolf stated, "that none of our Washington area Congress- men have been willing to stand up and defend the men and women who make up these two proven organizations." "It is obvious that the years of attack on the FBI and CIA have taken their toll on the effectiveness of these vital operations," he continued. Wolf, a former Congressional aide and Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Interior, says it is time to start defending the many good and worthwhile actions and accomplishments of these two groups. Pointing out that the headquarters of the CIA is located in the 10th Congressional District and that many FBI per- sonnel live in Northern Virginia, Wolf promised, if elected to Congress, to boost and represent the needs and views of the people who man the two services. "We are not talking about defending the wrongful actions of a few, but supporting the talents and abilities of the skilled personnel who make up these two very superior agencies," Wolf continued. "For the past three or four years, it has been fair game to attack the FBI and CIA for the errors of a few. Unfortunately, the attacks have con- tinued both in the press and the Congress with harmful effects on morale," Wolf reported. In early April the Department of Justice dropped its prosecution of former FBI Special Agent John J. Kearney and produced new indictments against three former high ranking FBI officials. Former Director L. Patrick Gray, W. Mark Felt, and Edward S. Miller were charged with authorizing surreptitious entries in the FBI investigation of the Weather Underground. Legal expenses in preparing the defense for the now-dropped case against Kearney exceeded $125,000.00! The money was raised by private citizens as well as active and former FBI employees. Obviously, some of the research done for the Kearney case will be useful in the defense of the new indictments but additional funds will be required. AFIO members wishing to contribute funds should mail donations to the fund established by the Society of Former Special Agents of the FBI at: Special Agents' Legal Defense Fund Security National Bank 2000 M St., NW Washington, DC 20036 THIS MAILGRAM IS A CONFIRMATION COPY OF THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE: The Honorable Griffin B. Bell, Attorney General Department of Justice Washington, DC 20530 THE ASSOCIATION OF FORMER INTELLIGENCE OFFICERS BELIEVES THE INDICTMENTS OF EX- FBI OFFICIALS ANNOUNCED THIS WEEK ARE A MISTAKE AND THE CHARGES SHOULD BE DROPPED BY THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT. LET US KEEP THE FBI'S OPERATIONS AGAINST THE WEATHER UNDERGROUND IN PERSPECTIVE. THAT GROUP OF TERRORISTS PUBLICLY BOASTED OF ITS USE OF EXPLOSIVE DEVICES SET OFF AROUND THE COUNTRY WITH ABSOLUTELY NO REGARD FOR THE SAFETY OF U.S. CITIZENS. UNDER GREAT PRESSURE FROM THE HIGHEST OFFICIALS OF THE LAND, THE FBI WAS TASKED WITH IDENTIFYING MEMBERS OF THE GROUP AND PREVENTING FURTHER TERRORIST TACTICS. TO CHARGE FORMER DIRECTOR L. PATRICK GRAY AND HIS DEPUTIES, W. MARK FELT AND EDWARD S. MILLER, WITH "CONSPIRING TO VIOLATE THE CIVIL RIGHTS OF FRIENDS AND RELATIVES OF WEATHER UNDERGROUND" DEFIES LOGIC. WHAT OF THE RIGHTS OF THOSE U.S. CITIZENS WHO WERE PUT IN PHYSICAL DANGER BY THE ACTIONS OF THE WEATHER UNDERGROUND? HOW COULD WE AS A NATION REMAIN IMPOTENT IN THE FACE OF TERRORIST ACTIONS SUCH AS THESE? IT IS TIME WE GAVE UP THE 20-20 VISION OF HINDSIGHT AND FOCUS IN ON TODAY'S PROBLEMS. WE HAVE RECENTLY SEEN ABROAD HOW A HANDFUL OF TERRORISTS CAN CRIPPLE AN ENTIRE NATION. LET US NOT TAKE STEPS WHICH COULD ENCOURAGE SUCH GROUPS TO HOLD THIS COUNTRY HOSTAGE. WE URGE YOU TO DROP THESE NEW INDICTMENTS AS YOU HAVE DONE IN THE CASE OF JOHN J. KEARNEY. THEY CAN SERVE NO USEFUL PURPOSE. RICHARD G. STILWELL GEN USA RET. PRESIDENT A FIAEAR& RE88MA PJtb?IPMNTEWQ$4BNCE The need for protecting sources and techniques used in collecting intelligence was emphasized by Congressman Les Aspin (D-Wisconsin), Chairman of the Oversight Sub-committee of the House Select Committee on Intelligence, speaking to a record attendance at the Spring (almost) Luncheon of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers held on March 10, 1978 at the Officers' Club in Fort Myer, Virginia. After Dr. Edward L.R. Elson, Chaplain of the Senate, delivered a prayer, AFIO President Dick Stilwell intro- duced the speaker who is to be deeply involved in drafting the new legislation which "will serve as a bible for the intelligence community". Its 66,000 words, ten times the length of the current National Security legislation, is "less of a charter than a straight jacket", General Stilwell observed. The problem, Congressman Aspin told the audience of more than 275 members and guests, in response to a ques- tion from Ed Buchanan, is one of classification. "If you could define sources and techniques, then you could pin it down better. "The media does a better job of protecting their sources than the Agency", the Congressman asserted. "People coming out of the Agency have been revealing sources; Journalists don't. We need a better system of determining what is classified and what is not." The Congressman devoted the -bulk of his prepared address to the relationship between the intelligence com- munity and the media. Both, he said, are in the same kind of business. "They like each other. They are compatible, smart, cosmopolitan in outlook. But the journalist is wary of the Agency and the Agency is wary of journalists." "Everyone is out peddling his point of view. The Agency is so much better in this; this makes the journalist wary of the Agency and in this era of investigative reporting the Agency is wary of the journalist. So there is a gulf between the two. Each is trying to use the other." Mr. Aspin commented about stories in the paper about media people on the CIA payroll. He observed that "the number of people on the payroll is not the issue. The rela- tionship is the issue. The numbers are meaningless unless you know the relationship." The relationship can vary from a call to confirm a story to something much more involved. He added, "Pay is not the issue; objectivity is. You are trying to retain the objectivity of the press. Pay is only one way you can lose your objectivity. Friendship, patriotism, career advancement can affect objectivity. The press has been talking about pay - Pay is only one of the threats. The issue is more a media issue than a pay issue." The Turner directive, the Congressman said, is important for objectivity reasons. (The Turner directive defined CIA relations with the press). Mr. Aspin gave three illustrations of how a journalist would lose credibility if it were known that he worked for CIA. For example, if there were a claim that CIA were behind the overthrow of a leader of a foreign nation, and the claim is investigated by a journalist who is known to work for the CIA, then who would believe his story, even if true, that CIA had no part in it. The question has been raised as to whether the Turner directive prohibiting payment of journalists in the United States should apply to journalists abroad. Editors are asking for the same standards to apply. "The issue," the Congressman reiterated, "is not if they are paid, but what are they doing. What ought they be doing about propaganda?" Citizens of the United States say that CIA ought to retain a foreign propaganda capability, but the question is raised about how we should have it and what controls should be placed on it. In a most active question and answer period the Con- gressman expressed disagreement with a suggestion attributed to one of his colleagues that human intelligence collection should be restricted to wartime. There is need to devise a system of determining what information, if disclosed, endangers national security. There is agreement, as former director William Colby testified, to protect sources and techniques. The Con- gressman said that he preferred the word "techniques" to the current usage of "methods" as he felt the former was more restrictive. Mr. Aspin said that we must rely on the good will of persons in journalism for protection against persons on the payrolls of foreign intelligence organizations. In response to a question about intentional leakage by politicians of information apparently of security interest, the speaker said it is difficult to determine what is politics and what is national security. Congress cannot write a law explicit enough to make it stick. John Warner asked if the Congressman felt that the mood of Congress has changed since a bill, approved by Bill Colby, was submitted to Congress in February, 1974. This bill provided for criminal prosecution for disclosure of sources and methods. Mr. Aspin replied, "What Colby submitted has changed; Colby has changed; Congress also has changed." Walter Pforzheimer raised the question about sanctity of contract. He wanted to know who would indict after the secret is out as in the Victor Marchetti case. The speaker said there is need for a procedure for people who want to publish. If a person wants to publish, he suggested, he should submit his manuscript to CIA for review. CIA must have a time limit. Three or four years must not exist. When the author gets the manuscript back, he should either comply with the changes or should have some kind of appeal. This ought to apply to everyone, those who criticize and those who write favorably. It ought to apply to everyone who gets a security clearance - even in other parts of the government. The Snepp case appears as though people go after him, but the system should apply to Henry Kissinger and Richard Nixon as well as to him. A secrecy oath ought to apply to everyone. When the speaker was asked why Congress did not investigate the KGB's use of foreign journalists he replied that the committee is doing this, but, at the request of CIA, not in open session. General Stilwell asked the Congressman if he thought the committees need all the details required by the proposed law to manage intelligence operations. Mr. Aspin answered that this is a period of distrust. "The pub- lic doesn't trust Congress; Congress doesn't trust the Agency and the Agency doesn't trust Congress." While we are in this position we must live with suspicion, over- management and learn to be honest and straightforward until confidence is restored. Meanwhile we will be over- managing things. There is no immediate cure for the problem. Hayden Estey Approved For Release 2004/11/01 ~ CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 LETTERSp O YHETUs ,~ /11/01 :CIA-RQPa$$-A'bW'f WMVE. 1 have read Mr. Arthur Jacobs article "The Security LimitsonPublic Discussion" in the Periscope, Vol. IV, No. 1, 1978 with much interest and I believe that most of us will agree with nearly all of his suggestions. However, there are two statements on which I would like to offer another opinion. In the sixth paragraph he appears to disagree with the concept of punitive legal action against those who violate security. It is because of such laws that werarely if ever hear of anyone violating security in the western European countries, I am sure that the official secrets act of Britain has discouraged many an author in that country from divulging official secrets. Another statement that the author made In paragraph 8 relative to naming any nation or nationality in discussing intelligence operations, I cannot agree if this statement refers to potential enemies of the USA. Certain creatures are still using the story of our involvement in Chile to dis- credit the Intelligence operations of this country. I believe that we must pass to the attack by casually mentioning the Soviet involvement in the internal affairs of other countries to such an extent that their agents were ejected from Ghana (1966); Congo (Zaire), 1963; Mexico, 1971; Britain, 1971; Egypt, 1971; Somalia, 1977; Canada, 1978 - ad infinitum. Why are these cases forgotten? They should be publicized once a week for the next ten years. And do not forget the military Invasions of Hungary, 1956, and Czechoslovakia, 1968 - the friends of the Soviet hope that we have forgotten all of these violations of national integrity. The UNO certainly has. We should remind them as well as our own people, because these attacks on our Intelligence community did not "happen" by accident. They were well organized, and the hand of the KGB shows clearly to those who Sydney U. Barnes COL, AUS, (Ret.) Regarding the January issue of the Periscope, the unidentified bearded gentleman in the fourth photograph chatting with Bill Colby is Mr. Don W. Minium, Vice President of the Gordian Corporation. Should it be possible. I am certain that Mr. Minium would appreciate attribution. John J. Strauchs Editor's Note: Another "bearded one" turned out to be a national news magazine reporter. Have noted your references to current U.S. media stories relating to intelligence with interest, and would like to suggest that you develop this into a standard feature. It would be helpful and interesting if you were to carry in each issue a brief listing of such media activity in or affecting the intelligence field as may come to your attention, with fleshing-out of important items as space or Interest-level may permit. This would offer a sensing of trends and attitudes on general rather than selective basis and, I think, it would be of interest to all members. It should be of particular aid to chapter planners and speakers/writers. Douglas Burgoyne MacMullen WASHINGTON AREA MEMBERS TO HEAR DDCI CARLUCCI AT MAY LUNCHEON The Deputy Director of Central Intelligence, Mr. Frank C. Carlucci, will be AFIO's guest speaker at a luncheon for Washington-area members on May 17, 1978 at the Officer's Club in Fort Myer, Virginia, at 1230 hours. A native of Scranton, Pennsylvania, Mr. Carlucci graduated from Princeton, and served as an officer in the Navy from 1952 until 1954. He attended the Harvard Graduate School in 1954 and 1955. After joining the Foreign Service in 1956, the new DDCI served abroad in Johannesburg, Kinshasa, Zanzibar and Rio de Janeiro. His most recent overseas assignment was as U.S. Ambassador to Portugal. He has also been the Director of O.E.O. and Under Secretary of HEW. Reservation forms for the luncheon have been mailed locally, but any AFIO member who expects to be in town should plan to-attend. Guests are welcome. In Texas Gordon McLendon has been talking to local groups "Like a Dutch Uncle" - according to the description used In a Dallas newspaper headline - in advocating aggressive, unfettered intelligence-gathering operations across the world. The September 22, 1977 edition of the Congressional Record prints one of McLendon's excellent speeches, inserted in the Record by Senator Barry Goldwater, who called it "a very important speech." Harold G. Williams has spoken out on the intelligence issue to the University Club of Seattle and to a group of University of Washington pro- fessors .... Ned Dolan was guest speaker at a combined meeting of the Susquehana Chapter of the Retired Officers Association and the Associa- tion of the U.S. Army .... Helen Priest Deck has been busy on the podium in New England, with some nine invitations for the Fall of 1977 and the Spring of 1978, with several of her talks receiving extensive newspaper coverage....Another distaff AFIO lecturer, Helene Deschamps-Adams, spoke to a Florida Rotary Club on the subject, "A Lesson Not To Forget: The Fifth Column"....In Indiana Joseph V. Corcoran has made nine public speaking appearances in support of AFIO positions before Exchange Clubs, Kiwanis and business and professional womens' organizations. Jack Maury continues to be a stellar media performer for AFIO. He has traveled to Paris to appear on French National Television and to Toronto for a nationwide telecast as an AFIO spokesman (in both cases, Jack's expenses were paid by the stations requesting his appearance). He has been filmed by NBC for Its nightly news and Today show; he teamed up with Curtis Carroll Davis for a Baltimore television stint, and has been a guest on Panorama, a Washington talk-show; flew to Tulsa to speak before civic groups at the request of AFIO member Audrey Tucker; spoke to graduate classes at Washington and Lee and the University of Virginia - toname some of his appearances. And, following his participation with Dave Phillips in a seminar at a convention of newspaper people in Baltimore, extensive coverage resulted In the influential trade journal, Editor & Publisher. In late March, Harry Rositzke ventured forth from his Virginia farm to engage in debate on the intelligence community at Columbia University in New York, at a conference sponsored by the School of International Affairs; other participants were Frank Snepp, Morton Halperin and Dave Phillips.. . .The President (Pro-Tem) of the Riverside-San Bernardino Chapter of AFIO, Robert H. Flaherty, has been the subject of several newspaper stories in his area of California .... Bill Buhl "got his feet wet" with his first television and radio interviews on the NBC affiliates in the Syracuse area. If present plans materialize two national television series may soon be presenting an objective view of intelligence activities. In the first case, Gordon McLendon -- a veteran broadcaster - has plans for a commercial series on CIA. This will be a private venture, presenting fictionalized episodes in U.S. Intelligence history. Meanwhile, Ray Cline, a member of AFIO's Board of Directors, has reached an agreement with Boston Public Broadcasting television station WGBH to serve as narrator and principal advisor on a documentary series on intelligence. This is the type of Public Broadcasting venture - It would appear across the country - which requires a healthy dose of funding by one or more sponsoring corporations - AFIO members who know of companies which might contribute should contact-Ray. CIA FINALLY FUNDS AFIO AFIO's critics have long charged that we were a CIA sponsored "front for the intelligence com- munity". Now we have to admit that we have recently received our first financial support from CIA. No, it's not what the critics thought! Seems that William R. Johnson of Boulder, Colorado received a $100 cash award for a classified monograph he had written for the Agency and he decided "there was no better thing to do with the money than give it to AFIO". Both he and hiswife Patricia used thecheck to become AFIO members. We welcome them both and.... "Thanks CIA, we really needed that!" 4 Approved For ReleaNAg4RCffy-01315R000100500001-1 Senator Claiborne Pell will be the featured speaker when the New England AFIO Chapter meets on 20 May in Newport, Rhode Island at the Sheraton Islander Inn. A member of the Senate Foreign Relations Com- mittee, the senior Senator from Rhode Island will discuss "Intelligence and Foreign Policy". AFIO members from several states are expected to be on hand for the speech, which will be preceded by a panel discussion conducted by a quartet of AFIO visitors from National Headquarters: Walter Pforzheimer, John Maury, Larry Houston and David Phillips. Helen Priest Deck, New England AFIO Chairman, will preside at the reunion, which will be attended by the Chairman of the AFIO Board of Directors, Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, Jr., and Rita Kirkpatrick, who is also an AFIO member. The groundwork for a New York City (Metropolitan Area) Chapter was laid on April 20th in The Big Apple". Derek A. Lee and Ralph Vollono have been working for several months to get a sizable group formed. At the organization meeting they were joined by Bill Hood, George Bookbinder and Gus Vellios. Members residing in the Metropolitan Area, including suburban Connecticut and North Jersey, are urged to join the new chapter. AFIO members who commute to the city may also be interested in signing up. Ralph Vollono has agreed to act as Secretary for the chapter. He can be reached at (212) 653-2715. AFIO President Dick Stilwell was the after-dinner speaker at the first statewide gathering of the Florida AFIO contingent held at Lake Placid, Florida on April 28th. Business meetings at the one-day conference included discussion of the newly-formed AFIO Florida State Board, a review of the past year's activities and aims and objectives for the coming year. Planning was begun on the formation of new chapters in addition to the three now active. Florida State Chairman, Stan Phillips, with Dave Kelsey and Al Bembry from the host Suncoast Chapter expressed the hope that Statewide meetings will be an annual event. In addition to Dick and Alice Stilwell; AFIO's Executive Director, Jack Coakley, was able to attend while squeezing in a few days of "vacation." The AFIO Chapter in Pennsylvania, formed last December, will have its next meeting on the evening of May 6, 1978, starting at 1800 hours at the Officers' Club, Carlisle Barracks. The plan is to approve By-Laws, elect initial officers and discuss other appropriate business. Emmett E. "Randy" Welch reports to National Headquarters that four such meetings a year are planned for the Keystone State. Congressman Bob Wilson, a member of the House Intelligence Committee, recently presented a plaque to Mary Cragg, widow of former AFIO member Rear Admiral E.E. Cragg, at a ceremony marking the founding of an Explorer Scout Troop named for the late Admiral. The troop is jointly sponsored by the AFIO San Diego Chapter and the local group of the Air Force Association. The Boy Scout troop for older Scouts interested in intelligence is another AFIO first from our enthusiastic California members. PLAN ON FUN AND RELAXATION IN SAN DIEGO Among the many attractions available to AFIO pleasure trips are being made by Lee Echols' members in conjunction with this year's convention Convention Committee. Plan on staying a few extra are the world famous San Diego Zoo and a harbor days in the sun and...why not a side trip to nearby tour aboard a boat especially arranged for by the San Mexico? Diego Chapter. Special arrangements for other ANNUAL CONVENTION SHORTENED TO TWO DAYS October 1st and 2nd 1978 AFIO's Board of Directors met on 10 February and decided to limit this year's Annual Convention at the Hotel del Coronado in Coronado, California to a two-day session to permit more time for visiting AFIO members to "play tourist" . With this issue you have received a reservation form from the Convention Hotel. AFIO has set aside 200 rooms for members and their guests and we urge you to make your reservations early to ensure you can be accommodated. Please note that you should deal directly with the hotel and that reservations must be made before September 10, 1978! The Main Building of the hotel will be the site of all meetings and functions, however some members may prefer to book into the newer Ocean Towers annex which is within walking distance of the original "Del", as she is affec- EXCELLENT INTELLIGENCE BIBLIOGRAPHY ON MARKET AFIO members looking for a detailed listing of published works on intelligence will be interested in this 1978 work: Vol. 2 International Relations Information Guide Series. Blackstock Ft Schaf. 229 pp. cross-reference. Gale Research Co. Book Tower. Detroit, MI 48226. Colby Book Available For AFIO Members Honorable Men - My Life in the CIA, by William E. Colby, will be reviewed in the next issue of PERI- SCOPE. AFIO members who desire an autographed copy should send a check for $12.95 (the bookstore price) made out to AFIO. The retail profit will go to the AFIO treasury. tionately known tAPAI tW or Release 2004/11/01: CIA-RDP88-01315R000100500001-1 5 ON THE Approved For Release 2004/11/01: CIA PB&QJk3'I R09AJQ05PQA91fiJ the head of counter- INTELLIGENCE BOOKSHELF ...Current books of interest to intelligence buffs and watchers of the world scene. All reviews are by AFIO members. A Decent Interval, by Frank Snepp, Random House, New York, 1977 intelligence for the GVN's Military Security Service was an NVA agent (not impossible, of course), but that CIA knew this and refused to expose him because of possible embarrassment. This claim is sheer fantasy, as any one with knowledge of how CIA views hostile penetrations would understand. These examples - and they could be multiplied many times - are incidental to the heart of Snepp's case which is the charge that Polgar and Martin chose to ignore intelligence from certain high-level Communist sources declaring the enemy's intentions to be a direct military assault on Saigon without awaiting the results of any negotiations. He further charges Mat his two -ere uped by and other into A few monthsago the name of Frank Snepp lit up the media skies like a cl inging until c hef very last to the h peaofla negotiated surrender twhich rocket. His book on the collapse of South Vietnam and the fall of Saigon would permit an orderly evacuation. About this charge much can be said in was sprung on the public shortly before Christmas with no advance refutation but we will merely point out that the sources Snepp chose to publicity. Nevertheless it captured headlines and attention as though it believe were by no means the impeccable fountains of fact he claims, but were some new cure for foot rot. It supplied certain surefire commodities, merely certain voices of no confirmed credibility among many others - all to wit: lardings of guilt to lay on the responsible U.S. officials and saying different things. Second, it was the responsibility of the leadership agencies, sensational new charges of neglect and stupidity levelled against to pursue the negotiation option to the very end for it offered the only real CIA, the State Department and the White House and much detail of intel- chance of an orderly withdrawal. Finally, if the NVA duped the U.S. ligence operations and various alleged brutalities. Embassy they also duped the Hungarians in the ICCS who were supposed Now Frank Snepp has slipped back into obscurity. Possibly he is lying to have had such influence over Polgar. For, when the end came, these low for the moment because the Justice Department has brought suit same Hungarians frantically sought the protection of their alleged against him for breach of contract in that the book violated his secrecy American dupes who, by that time, had little help to offer. oath. A Decent Interval is no longer news. Nevertheless we think it worth In our view, the obstacles to an earlier and more complete evacuation notice even at this date for, due to the efforts of others, we have garnered were such that it was beyond the powers of any one in the Mission to assure comments from people who were in Saigon during Snepp's tours of duty it. A close study of the matter may reveal areas of failure, especially in and who went through the agony he describes. As far as we know, no one planning ahead of time for the "worst case" option, namely military else has bothered to do this. collapse of the GVN and a sweeping and rapid NVA take-over of Saigon. The picture that emerges is of a cynical but talented job of distortion by The fact remains that as soon as the friendly Vietnamese became aware of a man who was well-placed to tell the story but by no means the close the American intention to leave mass panic was inevitable and the confidante he claims to have been of the principal Americans and who, planning was bound to unravel. Having seen the wild disorder which above all, lacked the perspective, the sensitivity and the desire to tell an accompanied the American withdrawal from Danang and Nha Trang, this honest story. Instead, he chose to exploit his assets to give the public what was painfully clear to Martin and Polgar, absent a division of U.S. Marines he thought it wanted: gore, guilt and hindsight judgments which, in view of to protect the departure, which, in view of Congressional attitudes, had the outcome, describe few heroes. become an impossible dream. This could have been a good book. Snepp writes vividly, with a certain On April 27, the State Department notified Martin that a negotiated hard-edged drive reminiscent of a good pulp writer. He was on hand when settlement was now unlikely. The following day he was informed that the the roof fell in on the Saigon Embassy in April, 1975 and throughout the U.S. Mission should no longer attempt to maintain a presence there. The crisis he kept in touch with officers in the vast U.S. apparatus up and down day after that, April 29, the final helicoptered evacuation commenced from the country. During the last year of the U.S. Mission he was privy to many the Embassy roof and the Defense Attache's compound. Notwithstanding of Ambassador Graham Martin's confidential dealings as well as those of the wild confusion, in the eighteen hours that it lasted nearly 9,000 persons CIA station chief, Thomas Polgar. He obtained their confidence not by were evacuated, including 1,400 Americans. In all some 130,000 virtue of his mid-level official position as an intelligence analyst but by Vietnamese managed to leave during the month of April and virtually all close personal association. His two chiefs befriended him while making use Americans got out. With the Americans safe, and over the protest of of his able talents as an analyst and briefer of visiting VIPs. He has been Martin, the operation was halted with some 500 Vietnamese in the described as Polgar's "surrogate son." He was welcomed into the Martin Embassy compound waiting to be picked up and thousands of others household as, among other things, the squire of the Ambassador's scattered throughout the city, also waiting. Responsibility for this decision daughter. lay with the White House where President Ford had already stretched his With all these advantages, Snepp nevertheless chose to write an account authority to the limit in his employment of American military personnel to which distorts the facts and leans heavily on certain preconceptions to protect and evacuate foreign nationals along with Americans. make sensational accusations against the Ambassador, the COS, against In sum, we see the Ambassador and Station Chief as victims of bitter Henry Kissinger, and the White House including Gerald Ford. He charges circumstance, swept up by events larger than they or any one could control. them all in various degrees with blind stubbornness, fecklessness and Late in the game they were sent out to Vietnam because they were able, egotism, all of wh